Skip to main content

Full text of "The Gentleman's magazine"

See other formats 


Google 


This  is  a  digital  copy  of  a  book  that  was  preserved  for  generations  on  library  shelves  before  it  was  carefully  scanned  by  Google  as  part  of  a  project 

to  make  the  world's  books  discoverable  online. 

It  has  survived  long  enough  for  the  copyright  to  expire  and  the  book  to  enter  the  public  domain.  A  public  domain  book  is  one  that  was  never  subject 

to  copyright  or  whose  legal  copyright  term  has  expired.  Whether  a  book  is  in  the  public  domain  may  vary  country  to  country.  Public  domain  books 

are  our  gateways  to  the  past,  representing  a  wealth  of  history,  culture  and  knowledge  that's  often  difficult  to  discover. 

Marks,  notations  and  other  maiginalia  present  in  the  original  volume  will  appear  in  this  file  -  a  reminder  of  this  book's  long  journey  from  the 

publisher  to  a  library  and  finally  to  you. 

Usage  guidelines 

Google  is  proud  to  partner  with  libraries  to  digitize  public  domain  materials  and  make  them  widely  accessible.  Public  domain  books  belong  to  the 
public  and  we  are  merely  their  custodians.  Nevertheless,  this  work  is  expensive,  so  in  order  to  keep  providing  tliis  resource,  we  liave  taken  steps  to 
prevent  abuse  by  commercial  parties,  including  placing  technical  restrictions  on  automated  querying. 
We  also  ask  that  you: 

+  Make  non-commercial  use  of  the  files  We  designed  Google  Book  Search  for  use  by  individuals,  and  we  request  that  you  use  these  files  for 
personal,  non-commercial  purposes. 

+  Refrain  fivm  automated  querying  Do  not  send  automated  queries  of  any  sort  to  Google's  system:  If  you  are  conducting  research  on  machine 
translation,  optical  character  recognition  or  other  areas  where  access  to  a  large  amount  of  text  is  helpful,  please  contact  us.  We  encourage  the 
use  of  public  domain  materials  for  these  purposes  and  may  be  able  to  help. 

+  Maintain  attributionTht  GoogXt  "watermark"  you  see  on  each  file  is  essential  for  in  forming  people  about  this  project  and  helping  them  find 
additional  materials  through  Google  Book  Search.  Please  do  not  remove  it. 

+  Keep  it  legal  Whatever  your  use,  remember  that  you  are  responsible  for  ensuring  that  what  you  are  doing  is  legal.  Do  not  assume  that  just 
because  we  believe  a  book  is  in  the  public  domain  for  users  in  the  United  States,  that  the  work  is  also  in  the  public  domain  for  users  in  other 
countries.  Whether  a  book  is  still  in  copyright  varies  from  country  to  country,  and  we  can't  offer  guidance  on  whether  any  specific  use  of 
any  specific  book  is  allowed.  Please  do  not  assume  that  a  book's  appearance  in  Google  Book  Search  means  it  can  be  used  in  any  manner 
anywhere  in  the  world.  Copyright  infringement  liabili^  can  be  quite  severe. 

About  Google  Book  Search 

Google's  mission  is  to  organize  the  world's  information  and  to  make  it  universally  accessible  and  useful.   Google  Book  Search  helps  readers 
discover  the  world's  books  while  helping  authors  and  publishers  reach  new  audiences.  You  can  search  through  the  full  text  of  this  book  on  the  web 

at|http: //books  .google  .com/I 


1, 

■ 

4 


7    i  4  3  .  THE 

GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE, 

AND 

HISTORICAL    CHRONICLE. 

From  JANUARY  to  JUNE  1830. 

VOLUME  C. 

(BEING  THE  TWENTY-THIRD  OF  A  NEW  SERIES.) 
PART  THE  FIRST. 

PRODESSE   \    DELECTARE.  E    IXURIBUS    UNUM. 


By   SYLVANUS   URBAN,   Gent. 


Itmnsn : 

PRINTKD   BY. J.   B.   NICHOLS    AMD   SON,   25,    PAHLIAMEKT 


>  SOLD  BY  JOHN  HARRIS, 


LIST  OF  EMBELLISHMENTS. 


[1Tka$€  marked  thus  *  are  yigneiies printed  with  the  letter-press  ] 

PAGE 

View  of  the  Huu&e  at  Paris,  in  front  of  ^vhicb  Henri  Quatre  was  a&sissinatetl.  ..     9 

Plan  of  a  Roman  Villa  at  Pitney,  co.  Somerset 17 

Church  and  Tower  of  Dundry,  cu.  Somerset 105 

Paintinj^s  on  Panel  from  Tavistock  Cliurch 1 13 

*Rf  presentation  of  Capt.  Clapperton's  Funeral  Ceremony ...» 132" 

^Specimens  of  African  Tattooing 161 

Alms-Houses  at  Mitcham,  Surrey 201 

Percy  Monument  at  Beverley,  co.  York 209 

Remains  of  the  Inn  of  the  Prior  of  Lewes,  Southwark 297 

Reprtsentations  of  ancient  Seals  and  miscellaneous  Antiquities ;  viz.  Seal  of 
George  Rygmayden,  of  Tho.  Dene,  Prior  of  Exeter ;  one  found  at  Winchester, 
Huddesden  Hospital,  and  Framlingham  Castle  ;  brass  relic  found  at  Minster 

Church,  Thanet,  t  and  an  earthen  vessel  found  in  Ireland 305 

Lambeth  Palace,  as  it  appeared  in  the  Autumn  of  1829 393 

•Gate-house  of  Lsmbeih  Palace 394*^ 

Gower*s  Monument  in  St.  Saviour's  Church,  Southwark 401 

«Stone  Coffin  in  St.  Martin's  Church-yard,  Salisbury 407 

^Painted  Glass  at  St.  Thomas's  Church,  Salisbury. 409  ^ 

Seal  of  Tavistock  Abbey,  Betsy  Grimbald's  Tower,  and  Sepulchral  Vestiges  pre- 
served at  the  Vicarage,  Tavistock. 489 

Wanstead  House,  Essex 497 

St.  John's  Chapel,  Walham  Green,  Fulham 577 

Holy  Trinity  Church,  Broaipton,  Middlesex i6 . 

^Norman  Arches  in  the  Chapter- house  of  Bristol  Cathedral 609  ' 

f  It  has  been  suggested  by  a  friend,  that  this  is  one  of  those  clasps  by  which 
books  were  anciently  fastened  with  a  thong ;  the  ring  at  the  end  or  the  hole  at  the 
back  might  be  placed  on  a  pin  fixed  to  one  of  the  sides  of  the  book,  as  required  by 
the  bulk  or  looseness  of  the  contents. 


*-*•' 


The  Binder  will  please  to  cancel  pp.  531-532  of  June  JUaffazine. 


PREFACE. 


A  task  of  greater  difiicuity  has  seldom  fallen  upon  the  Conductors  of 
a  Periodical  Publication  than  that  which  the  Editors  of  the  Gentleman's 
Magazine  are  now  called  upon  to  perform,  by  writing  a  Preface  to  the 
Hundredth  Volume  of  their  labours. 

On  reaching  a  period  in  the  history  of  that  work,  which  has  very  few 
precedents  in  the  annals  of  literature,  it  may  be  expected  from  its 
Editors  that  they  should  not  merely  present  to  their  Patrons  and 
Friends  an  account  of  the  progress  and  general  contents  of  the  former 
volumes,  and  advert  to  the  public  and  private  principles  by  which  all 
its  Conductors  have  been  actuated,  but  that  they  should  speak  of  their 
present  plans  and  resources.  Were  this,  however,  all  which  is  in- 
cumbent upon  them,  they  might  hope  to  acquit  themselves,  if  not  with 
credit,  at  least  without  disgrace,  for  to  tlie  past  tliey  can  allude  with  pride, 
and  to  the  future  with  confidence ;  but  they  are  aware  that  it  is  their  duty 
to  state  the  honest  exultation  which  they  naturally  feel  at  the  long  and  un- 
interrupted success  which  has  attended  the  Magazine, — to  notice  with 
delicacy  the  causes  which  have  preserved  it  from  the  fate  that  has  at- 
tended so  many  of  its  contemporaries, — to  allude  to  the  grounds  upon 
which  they  build  their  hopes  that  it  is  destined  to  survive  for  another 
hundred  years, — and,  more  than  all,  to  express  the  deep  gratitude  with 
which  they  are  impressed  for  the  assistance  of  able  contributors,  and  for 
the  large  share  of  patronage  by  which  their  exertions  have  been  cheered 
and  rewarded.  In  adverting  to  points  of  so  personal  a  nature,  egotism 
cannot  be  avoided ;  but  there  are  occasions  when  silence  as  well  as 
speech  may  have  its  source  in  vanity,  and  if  ever  a  modest  allusion  to 
literary  sen-ices  be  justifiable,  it  is  when  gratitude  dictates  the  assurance 
that  every  effort  will  be  used  to  retain  the  patronage  which  those  ser- 
vices have  acquired. 

The  able  Preface  to  the  <*  General  Index  to  the  Gentleman's  Magazine 
from  1787  to  1818,**  contains  so  satisfactory  a  history  of  the  work,  that 
it  is  only  necessary  to  refer  to  it  for  an  account  of  its  institution  aqd 
progress,  and  for  the  names  of  the  eminent  writers  who  originally  con- 
tributed to  its  pages.     But  it  is  desirable  to  notice  briefly  the  valuable 


20644 


inforiDation  upon  the  most  interesting  subjects  which  is  scattered 
through  the  work,  and  which^  it  may  be  said  without  vanity,  because 
the  fact  has  been  universally  admitted,  render  its  numerous  volumes  a 
general  repository  of  intelligence — a  kind  of  inexhaustible  store-house, 
as  it  were — of  materials  for  History,-  Antiquities,  and  Biography,  even 
if  Science  and  Art  may  not  also  be  included. 

The  collections  for  History  may  be  divided  into  that  which  is  con- 
temporaneous with  the  respective  volumes,  and  that  which  relates  to 
much  earlier  periods.  For  some  time  after  the  commencement  of  the 
Magazine,  its  character  was  more  political  than  at  present ;  and  the 
volumes  were  for  many  years  remarkable  for  the  Debates  of  both  Houses 
of  Parliament.  To  those  Debated  particular  allusion  is  made,  because 
the  Gentleman's  iVf  agassine  was  the'  first  Journal  that  dar^  to  risk  the 
punishment  of  a  breach  of  tlie  privilege  of  Parliament,  by  reporting  its 
proceedings;  thus  setting  the  sample  of  enabling  Constituents  to  know 
how  their  Representatives  speak  and  act.  So  important  was  the  pre- 
cedent, that  Newspapers  soon  imitated  the  plan ;  and  when  more  accu- 
rate reports  were  given  by  the  daily  press  than  the  Ihrnts  of  the 
Magazine  rendered  |>ossible,  the  sjrstem  was  adopted  of  stating  in  a 
very  abridged  form  the  most  material  occurrences  in  Parliament ;  but 
the  honour  of  being  the  first  person  who  incurred  the  danger  of  fearful 
penalties  for  printing  the  Debates,  belongs  to  Cave,  the  original  editor, 
and  which  is  alone  sufficient  to  entitle  his  memory  to  respect. 

From  the  appearance  of  the  first  nnmber  of  this  Miscellany  to  the  pre« 
sent  time,  scarcely  a  single  memorable  event,  of  any  kind,  domestic  or 
foreign,  has  occurred  of  which  a  notice  is  not  to  be  found ;  and  the  value 
of  such  a  general  record,  either  for  amusement  or  for  higher  purposes,  is 
too  obvious  to  be  insisted  upon. 

To  History  and  Antiquities,  and  more  especially  to  whatever  is  con^ 

nected  with  our  own  country,  a  large  proportion  of  each  volume  has 

been  dedicated.     Upon  various  abstruse  points  in  our  annals,  disserta^ 

tions  and  facts,  more  or  less  valuable,  occur ;  and  those  who  are  bo- 

quainted  with  the  nature  of  historical  materials  can  testify  to  the  utility 

of  collecting  scattered  memorials,  many  of  which,  from  being  local, 

might  not   have  come   to  the  knowledge  of  historians  but  for  the 

publicity  thus  given  to  them.     In  plates  and  descriptions  of  Antiquities, 

by  which  is  meant  ancient  buildings,  carvings,  iealt,  rings,  medals,  and 

other  remains  of  former  ages,  the  Magazine  is  peculiarly  rich,  it  being  a 

common  practice  for  the  individuals  by  whom  they  were  discovered,  to 

transmit  accurate  drawings  of  the  respective  articles,  most  of  which 

have  been  fully  illustrated  by  other  correspondents.     The  collection  on 


nf 


i 


PREFACE.     •  y^ 

ihts  sttbject  may  be  safely  pronoubeed  unirivalled^  and  ibmn  dato'fbr> 
an  important  Tolume.  On  the  subsidiariet,  er  as  they  are  termed 
**  handmaidst"  of  History,  naniely»  Arehkecfeiirer  Heraldry,  and  Genea- 
logy, as  well  as  in  relation  to  the  Arts,  and  Early  Literature,  much 
inforraattoB  may  be  found ;  and  perhaps  one  of  the*  most  interesting 
departments  is  that  in  which  light  is  thrown  on  thedeseent  of  illustrious 
tiimtiies,  where  their  rise,  decline,  and  fall  are  traced,  affording,  in  many 
instances,  striking  examples  of  the  instability  of  human  greatness.  The 
Ltterary  Antiquary  has  always  found  a  source  of  amusement  and  instnic- 
tion  in  the  nuiiierous  papers  on  early  writers,  particularly  Poets,  the 
works  of  many  of  whom  have  been  ehieidated  in  the  most  satis&ctory 
manner. 

It  is  for  Biography,  however,  that  the  value  of  the  Gentleman's  Maga- 
aine  is  most  remarkable.  There  is  scarcely  an  eminent  individual  of  this 
Country,  about  whom  some  information  is  not  to  be  obtained ;  and  it 
may  be  said  without  iear  of  refutation,  that  there  is^  not  a  literary  person 
of  the  hist  or  present  century,  whose  life  could  be  properly  written  with* 
out  reference  to  its  volumes.  Many  of  their  earliest  productions^ are  con-' 
tained  in  them,  and  the  poetical  niches  were  oflen  filled  with  the  first, 
aspirations  of  a  Muse,  which  afterwarda  soared  to  the  highest  pinnacle 
of  fame.  Unfortunately  the  authors  of  many  of  the .  beautiful  pieces 
whieit  occur  in  the  first  twenty  volumes  are  not  known,  but  the  merit 
of  the  articles  would  justify  their  being  collected  and  republished,  leaving 
it  to  critics  to  assign  them  to  the  great  names  to  which  they  unques»> 
tiomibly  belong.  The  Obituary  has  long  possessed  the  highest  re- 
putation ;  and  the  best  evidence  of  its  value  is  the  copious  manner 
in  which  the  statements  are  transferred  to  other  publications* rprom 
Politics  the  Magazine  has  gradually  receded;  but  whenever  political 
opinions  are  expressed,  they  indicate  an  undeviattng  adherence  to  Churcl^ 
and  State,  a  warm  attachment  to  the  Crown,  Laws,  Establishments,  and 
Religion  of  our  country,  a  distrust  of  theoretical  experiments  upon  what 
the  experience  of  ages  has  taught  us  to  reverence,  an  abhorrence  of  the 
fanciful  ravings  of  enthusiasts,  religious  or  poHtical,  and  a  desire  to 
preserve  unchanged  those  Institutions  of  our  forefathers,  under  which 
England  has  acquired  the  highest  renown  among  nations. 

To  these  remarks  on  the  long  series  of  past  volumes,  all  whidi  will  be 
added  is,  that  their  contents  are  rendered  available,  and  that  the  scattered 
information  upon  any  one  subject  may  be  instantly  collected,  by  means  of 
the  highly  valuable  Indexes,  not  only  for  each  year,  but  which  are  di- 
gested into  five  separate  volumes,  ably  classed,  and  arranged.  With 
this  assistance  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  forms  in  itself  an  Encyclopedia 


Yl  *    PREFACE. 

ofalmost  Universal  Knowledge ;— a  Library  of  the  most  rational  and  de- 
lightful information,  upon  all  which  instructs  or  interests  mankind; 
ranging  from  Science  to  Art,— from  History  to  Poetry, — ^fr'om  the  Belles 
Lettres  to  Antiquities, — and  presenting  a  fund  of  materials  for  Biogra- 
phy, which  may  be  drawti  upon  without  fear  of  exhaustion,  and  whichf 
from  Its  infinite  vaf'iety,  may  be  resorted  to,  either  for  the  acquisition  of 
wisdom,  or  to  divert  a  tiresome  hour,  with  the  certainty  of  finding  some- 
thing we  did  not  know  before. 

•  To  the  various  kinds  of  information,  chiefly  upon  subjects  of  perma- 
nent interest,  which  distinguish  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  and  to  the 
temperate  spirit  which  has  always  actuated  its  Conductors,  may  be 
ascribed  its  having  lived  in  security  through  the  political  and  personal 
storms  which  have  wrecked  all  its  rivals,  and  so  many  other  Journals. 
Works,  which  owe  their  existence  to  party  spirit,  or  their  interest  to  the 
bitterness  of  controversy,  generally  terminate  with  the  motives  that  gave 
them  birth ;  but  a  periodical  publication,  which  originated  in  the  desire 
to  perpetuate  historical  facts,  to  communicate  information  in  which  every 
literary  roan  is  interested,  to  afford  an  arena  for  discussion  on  all  questions 
excepting  those  of  religion  and  politics,  to  record  so  much  of  passing 
events  as  posterity  may  desire  to  know,  to  prevent  the  merits  of  de- 
ceased personis  dying  with  them  ;  and  in  which  the  drj'ness  of  historical 
or  critical  essays  is  relieved  by  Poetry  and  papers  of  a  lighter  and  more 
popular  kind,  was  likely  to  become,  as  it  has,  a  permanent  and  valuable 
work.  That  personal  feelings  should  occasionally  have  been  brought  into 
action  in  the  animation  of  controversy  was  to  be  expected ;  but  on  these 
occasions  the'Editors  have  uniformly  endeavoured  to  sooth  rather  than 
to  exasperate ;  and  by  firmly  refusing  to  admit  a  word  calculated  to  in- 
crease animosity,  and  pouring  oil  over  the  agitated  waters,  they  have 
ofleh  had  the  gratification  of  preserving  friendships,  and  retaining  valua- 
ble Contribtitors. 

'^  Of  the  future  it  is  always  wise  to  speak  with  diffidence.  The  Editors 
are  not  insensible  to  the  lamentable  change,  which,  within  a  few  years, 
has  taken  place  in  the  literary  taste  of  their  countrymen.  They  cannot  be 
unconscious  that  the  characteristics  of  the  day  are,  a  desire  to  peruse  what 
amuses,  without  giving  the  reader  the  trouble  to  think ;  an  impatience  to 
acquire  knowledge  without  submitting  to  the  necessary  labour ;  an  eager- 
ness for  novelty  and  excitement ;  a  contempt  for  historical  details,  which 
produces  an  unwillingness  to  read  the  annals  of  our  Country  in  a  more 
extended  form  than  a  volume  of  the  size  of  Goldsmith's  "  History  of  Eng- 
land for  Schools;'*  abelief  that  language  is  almost  intuitive ;  that  there  is  a 
fashionable,  if  not  a  roval  road  to  knowledge  ;  and  that  Sc'ence,  History, 


PREFACE.  Ifli 

Art,  as  well  as  every  thing  else,  may  be  profoundly  acquired  by  reading 
one  or  two  small  volumes^  because  they  are  written  by  persons  of  cele« 
briiy.  That  this  erroneous  taste  cannot  endure,  notwithstanding  the  zeal 
with  which  it  is  catered  for  and  cherished,  is  the  hope  of  all  who  venerate 
genuine  literature ;  but  its  existence,  even  for  a  season,  has  an  influence 
upon  works  which  aim  at  encouraging  more  solid,  and  it  may  be  said  too, 
more  creditable  pursuits.  In  stating  this,  it  is  not  to  be  supposed  that 
the  Editors  are  unaware  of  the  r^/ improvements  which  have  taken  place 
in  the  last  century,  or  of  the  rapid  diffusion  of  a  certain  portion  of  kaon^- 
ledge  among  the  lower  orders,  the  efft^ct  of  which  remains  to  be  seen. 
But  they  have  alluded  to  the  attraction  which  is  possessed  by  idle  and 
vapid,  if  not  dangerous  novels,  and.  scandalous  notices  of  persons  of 
rank,  either  under  the  disguise  of  fiction,  or  as  memoirs,  in  which  pri- 
vate confidence  is  shamefully  betrayed,  in  explanation  of  the  difficulty 
of  rendering  their  future  numbers  popular,  without  a  total  abandonment 
of  the  objects  of  the  work. 

That  such  a  change  is  out  of  the  question  need  scarcely  be  said ;  and 
the  Editors  flatter  themselves  that  their  resolution  to  persevere  in  the 
same  course,  without  regarding  the  corrupt  taste  of  the  day,  and  to 
endeavour  to  render  the  subsequent  volumes  as  useful  to  posterity  as  die 
previous  ones  are  to  the  present  age,  will  be  supported  by  the  long  list  of 
Subscribers  and  able  Contributors,  to  whom  they  thus  publicly,  and  with 
tlie  warmest  gratitude,  tender  their  respectful  thanks.  ' 

The  most  strenuous  efforts  will  be  used  to  increase  the  Historical  value  4- 
of  the  Magazine  ;  and  as  its  columns  afford  the  opportunity  of  commu- 
nicating discoveries,  or  making  inquiries,  to  every  classical  scholar,  every 
investigator  of  English  History  and  Antiquities,  every  student  of  Lite^ 
rature,  and,  indeed,  to  every  one  who  is  able  and  willing  to  contribute  to 
the  amusement  and  instruction  of  his  fellow  men,  it  may  be  confidently 
hoped  that  the  high  reputation  of  a  work  which  has  been  enriched  by 
the  lucubrations  of  Johnson,  and  by  those  of  most  of  the  eminent  lite- 
rary persons  who  flourished  in  the  last  hundred  years,  will  be  preserved, 
even  if  it  be  not  increased. 

To  the  interests  of  the  Clergy  particular  attention  has  always  been  . 
paid  ;  and,  as  notices  of  peculiar  value  to  that  respectable  and  numerous 
body,  are  to  be  found  in  each  number,  the  continuance  of  their  support 
may  be  rationally  expected. 

The  Centenary  of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  appears  in  a  new  era 
of  British  History.  It  has  been  the  melancholy  duty  of  the  Editors  to 
record  in  its  pages  the  death  of  George  the  Fourth,  perhaps  the  most 
accomplished  Monarch  that  ever  sat  on  the  Throne  of  these  Realms, 


Vlli  PRfiFACE. 

under  whole  sway  the  Empire  acquired  the  most  brilliant  glory  in  war> 
and  experienced  perfect  tranquillity  and  happiness  in  peace.  But  in  com- 
mon with  the  rest  of  their  countrymen  they  are  cheered  in  their  afflic- 
tion by  the  accession  of  a  Sovereign  who  possesses  to  the  fullest  extent 
English  feeling^j  English  taste,  and  Engh'sh  habits,  qualities  dear  to 
evei;y  English  heart.  Throwing  aside  the  pomp,  and  dismissing  the 
^uardsy  with  which  custom  has  long  surrounded  the  royal  person, 
William  the  Fourth  trusts  himself  among  his  people ;  and  sensible 
that  EogUshmen  love  their  Monarch,  not  as  a  secluded  deity,  but  as  a 
man  to  whom  they  can  personally  offer  the  homage  of  their  loyalty  and 
attachment,  His  Majesty  gratifies  their  feelings  and  his  own  by  fre- 
quently offering  himself  to  their  gaze,  appearing  by  this  conduct,  as 
well  as  by  every  other  act  since  the  Crown  devolved  upon  him,  to 
place  his  happiness  in  the  applause  of  his  subjects. 

Reposing  the  greatest  confidence  in  his  Ministers,  and  treading 
in  the  footsteps  of  his  Predecessor,  his  Majesty  justifies  our  reliance 
upon  bis  wisdom,  firmness,  and,  above  all,  upon  his  desire  to  do  every 
thing  to  merit  the  love  of  his  people.  The  political  atmosphere  is  con- 
jsequently  free  from  clouds  to  excite  alarm ;  and  the  reign  of  William 
the  Fourth  is  likely  to  rival  his  revered  Father's  in  popularity,  and 
to  be  no  less  distinguished  than  that  of  his  illustrious  Brother. 

The  Editors  flatter  themselves  that  the  venerable  age  which  die 
Gentleman's  Magazine  has  attained  will  be  considered  evidence  of 
its  worthy  and  secure  the  respect  wluch  it  has  hitherto  enjoyed  ;  that, 
^dded  to  the  wisdom  and  prudence  which  are  ascribed  to  an  honourable 
senility,  the  subsequent  volumes  will  exhibit  all  the  vigour  of  an  intellect 
junimpaired  by  time,.aAd  fully  capable  of  directing  the  resources  at  its 
.disposal ;  and  they  close  this  Pre^e,  by  pledging  themselves  that  no 
labour  shall  be  considered  too  great  to  deserve,  and  that  no  reward  will 
be  deemed  so  gratifying  as  to  retain,  the  approbation  and  support  of 
their  numerous  Subscribers  and  Contributors. 


Bccsrd.-Ut.  Oik 


Bofliih  GhniBleLB 
"«iirlpr  d«  Londrv* 


CiDMd|e-Cailii]r« 


GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 


LMdso  Owtti 


Bliton  (TrlTho) 

J.ler.Ci>rin>»ll 

ConnlnS  Cum  bail. 
Dubf«-D«cui 
Dtvonpof  I^Dev  lic< 


JANUARY,    1830. 

[PUBLISHED  FEBRUARY  1,'  1830.] 


Cristniil  4Iamniuniratianj<. 

CORRESPONDENCI S 

On  the  Dnmitlc  WriMn  who  preceded  SUk- 

ipeoinlJT  of  Cbriit.  Miilawe  ..3 

,be  Mediol  ProfeuioD 7 

AnacdoKi  of  Mr.  Guiick  lod  Mr.  Puke B 

of  Henry  IV.  of  Frwice 9 

Mr.  Uphim'i  Reply  Eu  Mr.  Oodftey  Hlggiiu 

on  ihe  chancter  of  MuluiniDied 10 

jOo  Tnrkiih  Ldberalitj It 

;De.th  of  Burckhtrctt 13 

Od  the  RemuviU  of  Burial  Ornuuds 14 

in  Churchei  rondemned 16 

On  Repura  of  Heihim  Chnrcfa  . . . ._ it, 

aod  Prof;re»  of  Stage  Coach  Travelling  IS 
Ptery  of  BriLiih  Officen  Dear  Biyonne . .  29 
D.  WilaOD'l  Rep^y 


EiTora 


Lr  W,  S 


"  PruYincial  A 


Progreii  aud  DeEliae  of  Witchcraft,  Ni 
Btyoiology  of  Midwife,  Man  Midwife,  &c.. 
Auecdolei  of  the  Rtr,  Thos.  Hatch 

if  Che  Piiorj  u  Sudwich  ! 

D  in  Beau inarii  Church 

Portbiiry,Tiekei>hani,uidPoreiiheiu9Clmrch( 

HrtifW  of  ^»w  l^ublj cation^. 

'i  Eiemplsn  of  Tudor  Architecture  . 
H"orhj'i  Voc»bula7  of  Ea»C  Anglla 

EmbeUiibed  oith  a  Vie-  of  the  Houie  I 


IV.  ii 


Sir  W.  Scott's  Hiator;  of  Scutliod  . 

Hiitoiy  of  Maritime  Diieovery 

Mcinlgomery's  Satan,  a  Poem 

Flaninsn-i  Lectures  on  Scufptun:  .  . . . 


Williams's  GeugiBi 
Rbin.l'i  Studies  of 
Tales  of  F,,ur  Nat 
Foreign  Review,  No.  IX. . 


;  of  Louis  XVIH.. 


Misc 


isRevie 


.  66,. 


FiKE  Al 

LiTEDiiii;  InTeLLiGCHCE,— New  PublicatioDi  6: 

Royal  Society.— Cliecolee  Indiana,  1^ fit 

AnTiguiRiiN  ReseiIRCHEs ei 

Select  Pobtrv 68 

l@i^taricai  CticanictE. 

Foreign  Newi,  70.— Domestic  Occur 


-Man 
1  Memoirs 


..76 


of  the  Earl  of 
Kellia:  Viic.  Knrbertnu;  Geo.  I^ArdCha*. 
Fitir.>y;  Hun.  John  Coventry;  Ret.  Sir 
P.  G.  Egerton,  Barti  Sir  Rich.  Beding. 
feld,  Bart.;  Sir  J.  H.  Wiltianis,  Bart. 
Sir   R.  B.  de  Ca[«ll  Brooke,  Bart.  ;  Sir 

Wm.  Fowie  Miildleton,  Bart.  &c.  &c 7 

Bill  of  MurtBlity.~~Market9,  91 SbBrei..9 

Mecearological  Diary. — Prices  uf  Slocki  .,,9 


By    SYLVANUS    URBAN,    Gent. 

uested  to  be  sent,  I'osT-PiiD. 


L    «    ] 

I  ■■  .        .  .         „ 

MINOR    CORRESPON^DENCE. 


Viator  observes,  *<  In  a  mflinuscript  at 
Oxford,  written  hy  an  acquaintauce  of  Mr. 
Hampden,  Treasurer  of  the  Navy,  (grandson 
of  the  patriot,  and  who  was  living  within 
forty  years  of  his  ancestor,)  it  is  stated,  tliat 
John  Hampden  died  of  a  mortification  from 
the  wound  received  at  Chalgrave  Field. 
Comparing  this  with  a  statement  in  vour 
Magazine,  and  witii  a  report  that  a  prmci- 
pal  person  present  at  the  examination  does 
not  believe  the  body  dug  up  at  Hampden  to 
have  been  that  of  the  patriot,  I  cannot  but 
enteitain  a  wish  that  one  or  other  of  the 
parties  present  on  the  occasion  alluded  to 
would  candidly  acknowledge  the  error  into 
which  the  narrative  ko  widely  circulated  hat 
a  tendency  to  lead  the  public  and  posterity. 
The  body  found,  so  remarkably  perfect  as  is 
described,  could  not  have  been  that  of  a  per- 
son dying  as  has  been  related." 

An  old  SubscKiDER  says,  **  In  the  new 
edition  of  the  very  neat '  Annual  Peerage,' 
the  Bishop  of  Sodor  and  Mann  is  stated 
to  be  '  not  a  Peer  of  Parliament,'  seem- 
ing to  imply  that  he,  like  the  Scotch  and 
Irish  Peers,  though  not  holding  a  seat  in 
Pailiament,  is  yet  a  Peer.  This,  however, 
is  not  the  case.  The  Scotch  and  Irish  Peers 
may,  at  any  moment,  be  called  by  election 
to  a  seat  in  the  House  of  Lords ;  but  the 
Bishop  of  Sodor  and  Mann  could,  in  no 
casualty,  be  so  called.  In  fact,  our  Bishops 
sit  in  Parliament  not  as  Bishops  merely,  but 
as  Barons  by  tenure  of  their  lands.  The 
colonial  Bishops  are,  very  properly,  Dot 
styled  Lord  Bishops  hy  the  editor." 

J.  S.  B.  remarks,  *'  It  is  well  known  that, 
previously  to  the  Marriage  Act  in  1754, 
marriages  were  solemnized  at  private  Chapels 
and  elsewhere ;  that  there  was  a  Chapel  in 
WeU^walk,  unother  atKoightsbridge,  a  third 
in  Duke-street,  Westminster,  &c.  &c.  where 
marriages  were  perforined;  and  he  is  de- 
sirous of  learning  where  the  Rasters  of 
these  Marriages  are  now  to  be  found.  That 
of  Duke-street  is  known  to  be  in  private 
hands,  and  so  perhaps  are  many  others ;  hut 
as  they  no  doubt  contain  entries  of  Mar- 
riages and  Baptisms,  the  proof  of  which 
ma^r  be  frequently  required,  it  is  requested 
that  those  of  your  readers,  who  can  give  in- 
telligence of  any  of  them,  will  have  the 
goodness  to  do  so." 

Mr.  T.  J.  Brockett  writes,  «' I  am  per- 
fectly satisfied  with  Mr.  Broughton's  expla- 
nation (p.  488).  I  ncfjrtunately  still  reuin 
my  original  opinion  as  to  the  use  of  the 
word  fool ;  hut  whether  1  am  correct  or  not 
roust  be  left  to  the  determination  of  others. 
In  conipilln^  a  Local  Glossary,  it  is  very 
difficult  to  decide  on  the  insertion  or  omiMioii 
of  the  different  provincial  words  that  present 


themselves.  The  plan  suggested  by  Mr- 
Broughton,  even  if  practicable,  would  not, 
I  fear,  remove  the  perplexity.  I  hail  wich 
pleasure  the  prospect  which  is  held  out  to 
us  of  a  Staffordshire  Glossary." 

Mr.  Carpcntbr,  in  reference  to  our  re- 
view of  his  '*  Scripture  Difficulties,"  (De- 
cember, p.  5S2y)  replies,  **  I  should  have 
thought  it  impossible  for  any  person  to  fall 
in  attributing  the  remarks  on  1  Cor.  vi.  to 
their  real  author,  eonsidering  the  mode  in 
which  I  have  introduced  them  :  *  The  ob' 
scurity  of  this  passage  has  given  birth  to 
numerous  conjectures  as  to  the  meaning  of 
the  apostle,  which  are  thus  ably  summed 
up  by  Mr.  Bloomfield.'  Then  follows  Mr. 
Bloomiield*s  note,  at  the  close  of  which  it 
a  direct  reference  to  Bloomfield  in  loco." 

A  CoRRESPONDiNT  inquires  for  "parti- 
culars relative  to  Captaiu  Pretty,  who  it 
thus  mentioned  in  Clarendon's  Memoirit 
vol.  II.  pt.  1,  p.  6,  viz.  'eight  full  troops 
of  hor^e  under  the  command  of  Captsun 
Pretty.'  He  is  probably  the  same  person 
who  is  mentioned  in  the  critical  review  of 
the  Sute  Trials  as  Colonel  Pretty  at  the 
Castle  of  Dublin  in  16*4.9.  See  Trial  of  the 
Regicides.  There  is  a  pedigree  in  the  He- 
ralds'-office  of  a  &iuily  of  the  name,  seated 
for  many  generntitms  at  Medborne  (query  in 
what  county  ?)  the  chief  branch  of  which 
terminates  in  an  heiress,  who  married  into 
the  family  of  Porter." 

C.  S.  B.  savs,  **  About  the  period  of  the 
expulsion  of  the  Jesuits  from  France  (1764), 
there  were  books  publicly  burnt  at  Paris,  the 
productions  of  Hassambaum,  Saurez,  and 
Molina.  The  object  of  this  inquiry  ia  to 
ascertoin  the  exact  date  of  this  transaction^ 
as  it  would  probably  throw  light  on  the 
much  delated  question  of  *■  who  was  the  au- 
thor of  Junius.' 

Our  Corres{>oudent  in  Dec.  p.  4.99,  who  ia 
anxious  for  some  information  respecting  the 
square  piece  worn  on  ti.e  chest  by  the  war- 
riors in  the  Bayeux  Tapestry,  is  referred  to 
vol.  I.  of  Dr.  Meyrick's  Critical  Inquiry, 
where  he  will  find  what  he  seeks. 

If  our  Correspondent  the  Tourist,  who 
writes  from  Bath,  has  more  in  reserve  for 
us,  we  shall  be  glad  to  receive  it>  in  ordrr  to 
give  a  longer  portion  at  a  time. 

We  beg  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  a 
communication  from  Candipus,  for  which  we 
are  obliged.  We  think»  however,  that  we 
mav  not  have  the  opportunity  afforded  us,  of 
adopting  his  suggestions. 

U.  R.  D.  is  iuformed,  that  the  MS.  firom 
which  he  has  found  the  quotation  is  the  same 
as  was  printed  in  the  90th  volume  of  Ar- 
cbiBC^gta,  and  is  now  well  knewa  to  aati- 
qntries. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S     MAGAZINE. 


JANUARY,    1830. 

ORZOZNAXi    COMMUNICATIONS. 


or  THE    DRAMATIC    WRITERS    WHO    PRECEDED    SHAKSPEARE,    AND 
BtPBClALLY    or    CHRISTOPHER    MARLOWE. 


Mi-T  Siaffordsfure  Moor- 

*  lands,  Jan.  g. 

FEW  periods  of  theatric  history  are 
more    JDlereflting,  few    present 
piore  copious   materials   for    amusing 
narrative,  yd    none    have    been    less 
carefully. enquired  into,  than  that  com- 
prised  between  the  commencement  of 
Khiabeth's  reign  and  the  appearance 
of  Shakfpeare  on   the  scene — the  in- 
terval  between  the  6rst  faint  dawning 
of  oar  dramatic  day  and  its  arrival  at 
neridian  splendour.     Incidental  aJlu- 
^ioos  to  the  principal  individuals  who 
thca  wrote  for  the  theatre  are  scattered 
llhrough  various  works ;  but  a  collec- 
tion of  those  noiicei,  %vith  a  disserta- 
tion upon  the  character  of  their  writ- 
ings, continues   to  be  a  desideratum. 
J I  has  indeed  been  idly  enough  assert- 
<ed   by    many  authors,  and   implicitly 
•believed    by    their    readers,    that    till 
^hakspeare    shed    the    lustre    of   his 
genius  upon  the  stage,  it  was  in  a  slate 
of  inter  barbarism  ;    that  it  possessed 
no  compositions  worthy  a   moment's 
Attention;  and   that  he  not  only  ele- 
vated our  drama    to    an    unequalled 
pilch  of  excellence,  but  was  actually 
Its   founder,    its    inventor,  or,  to   use 
their   favourite  expression,  "its  crea- 
tor.*'    Nothing,  however,  can  be  fur- 
ther from    the   truth.      When   Shak- 
apeare    first     arrived     in    London,    a 
friendless   unknown  lad,  the  occupa- 
tion of  writing  for  the  stage  was  en- 
.groiaed,  not  by  tasteless,  obscure  scrib- 
blert,  but  by  men  of  wit  and  fancy, 
isost  of  whom  had  received   the  ad- 
vantage  of  a  college  education,   and 
who,    by  the    composition    of    plays 
adapted  to  the  popular  taste,  had  made 
the  amusement  of  the  theatre  so  at- 
tractive as  to  render  their  craft  a  most 
lucrative  employment.     Instead  of  de- 
rooting  from   Shakspeare's  due  cele- 
bnij,  it  appears  to  me  that  few  things 


tend  more  sirikinj^ly  to  enhnnce  it 
than  the  circumstance  that  by  the 
magic  of  his  unaided  talents  he  outdid 
the  achievements  of  this  formidable 
phalanx,  mastered  them  at  their  own 
weapons,  and  tore  from  their  browi 
the  wreath  of  popularity  which  they 
wore  so  proudly.  •*  Alone  he  did  it !" 
and  in  the  course  of  this  article  will  be 
shewn  with  what  bitterness  of  feeling 
thev  regarded  his  triumph. 

The  year  138U  may  jireiiy  safely  be 
fixed  uj>on  as  the  period  when  English 
dramatic   poetry   began    to   assume    a 
settled  form,  and  to  be  composed   in 
some  decree  according  to  definite  rules; 
for  previous  to  this  time  litile  had  ap- 
peared   upon    the    stage    but    tedious 
puerilities    or    low    buffooneries,    put 
together  in   a  style  of  congenial  rude- 
ness,— "wild  without  rule  or  art."  In 
the  interval,  however,  which   elapsed 
before  Shakspeare  commenced  writing, 
numerous    plays    were    produced    by 
Peele,    Nash,    Lod^je,    6rcene,    and 
Marlowe,  which,  inferior  as  they  may 
be   to   Shakspeare *s,    (and    what    dra- 
mas are  not  so?)  belong  to  precisely 
the  same  school,  and  completely  nul- 
lify the  assertion  that  he  wns  the  ori- 
ginator of  what  is  staled  our  Romantic 
Drama.     A.  collection   of   these    rare 
pieces   would  be  an   invaluable  addi- 
tion to  our  literature;  while  q  narra- 
tive of  what  is  known  respecting  their 
witty    but    profligate    authors,    their 
quarrels    with    their    contempor.iries, 
their  'shifts  and  expedients  to  maintain 
a  precarious  existence,  their  dissolute 
lives,  and  for  the  chief  pan  miserable 
ends,  would  form  a  most  amusing  and 
instructive  composition.   The  works  of 
two  of  them,  Pecle  and  Marlowe,  have 
recently  been  reprinted  ;  the  former  I 
have  not  seen,  and  can  therefore  offer 
no  opinion  upon  the  manner  in  which 
the  task  has  been  executed  ;    but  of 


Lift  and  H'rit'ingi  of  Chrittopher  Marhwe. 


[Jan. 


the  works  of  Marlowe  I  must  say 
that,  though  the  editor  is  entitled  to 
infinite  praise  for  thus  placing  within 
the  reaeh  of  every  one  what  was  pre- 
viously accessible  to  but  few,  he  has 
slurred  over  with  a  provoking  degree 
of  carelessness  and  brevity  that  part  of 
his  duly  which  required  from  him 
some  account  of  his  author,  and  the 
state  of  the  theatre  in  his  time.  This 
omission  it  is  the  object  of  the  present 
paper  in  some  measure  to  supply.  The 
facts  it  details  were  collected  long  be- 
fore the  appearance  of  the  edition  in 
question,  with  the  view  to  a  similar 
performance,  and  may  perchance  be 
found  useful,  should  a  reprint  be  called 
for,  or  such  a  collection  as  1  have  sug- 
gested above  be  ever  undertaken.  A 
mere  outline  of  them  was  printed 
some  eight  or  ten  years  since,  in  a 
work  relating  to  the  stage ;  but,  as  it 
was  of  very  limited  circulation,  and 
has  long  been  defunct,  I  look  upon 
them,  as  Coleridge  says,  to  be  "as  good 
as  manuscript." 

The  plays  and  poems  of  Marlowe 
cannot  fail  to  excite,  in  the  mind  of 
every  intelligent  reader,  a  high  opinion 
of  his  genius  ;  but  the  curiosity  which 
will  naturally  be  felt  regaraing  the 
events  of  his  life  must  solace  itself 
with  very  slender  materials.  Beyond 
the  bare  fact  of  his  existence,  little  has 
descended  to  us,  and  even  that  little 
will  scarcely  abide  the  test  of  a  close 
enquiry  into  its  truth.  Of  him,  as  of 
the  poet's  ship,  may  almost  be  said 

**  The  sole  memorial  of  his  lot 
Is  this — he  was,  and  he  is  not." 

The  current  talc  respecting  him, 
which  the  compiler  of  every  biosra- 

Cical  dictionary  and  cyclopedia  nas 
en  content  to  copy  from  his  imme- 
diate predecessor  with  confiding  care- 
lessness, is  this :— that  he  was  born 
abo\U  1568  ;  was  entered  of  Bene*t 
CoQ.  Cambridge,  where  he  took  the 
degrees  of  B.A..i58d,  and  M.A.  1587  ; 
that  on  quitting  the  University  he 
repaired  to  London,  became  a  cele- 
brated actor  and  dramatist,  ran  a  disso- 
lute ^reer,  published  some  blasphe- 
mous works  oppugning  the  doctrine  of 
the  Trinity,  and  lost  his  life  at  last  *<  in 
a  lewd  quarrel,"  either  with  Ben  Jon- 
son  or*'a  baudie  scrvins^man,**  about 
a  harlot ;  but  the  reader,  who  has 
doubtless  often  seen  this  libel  confi- 
dently detailed  in  the  *'  Biographia 
Diaroatica,"  and  books  of  that  stamp. 


will  be  surprised  to  learn  that  eveiy 
circumstance  here  related  of  Marlowe, 
is,  to  say  the  least,  uncertain,  save  that 
of  his  bein^  a  popular  writer,  and 
being  slain  in  a  broil,  which,  how- 
ever, was  neither  with  Ben  Jonsoiit 
nor  about  a  wench. 

In  the  first  place,  the  date  of  his 
birth  is  entirely  matter  of  conjecture. 
Malone  *  hazarded  an  opinion  that  it 
was  1565  ;  £llis("  Specimens'*)  takins 
for  a  guide  the  period  at  which  he  is 
thought  to  have  entered  the  Univer- 
sity, supposes  that  he  must  then  have 
been  about  eighteen  years  of  age», 
which  may  be  probable  enough,  bat 
still  is  merely  surmise;  while  Oldys 
(MS.  Notes  on  Langbaine)  asserts 
that  he  was  born  in  the  early  part  of 
the  reign  of  Edw.  VI.,  a  supposition 
neither  plausible  nor  probable.  Iii 
fact,  of  Marlowe*s  age  and  origin  no- 
thing can  be  told  with  certainty.  Not 
even  conjecture  has  busied  itself  with 
the  latter,  and  I  confess  myself  unable- 
to  throw  any  light  upon  the  subject, 
unless  indeed  a  passage  in  Wood's 
*'  Athenae*'  may  be  considered  as  af- 
fording some  clue  towards  a  solution 
of  the  mystery.  At  p.  2l6,  fol.  1721, 
I  find  mention  made  of  one  "  John 
Marlowe,  of  Merlon  College,  Oxford, 
afterwards  Treasurer  of  the  Cathedral 
Church  of  Wells,  and  Canon  of  the 
King's  Chapel  of  St.  Stephen's,  within 
the  ralace  at  Westminster,  who  died 
in  the  beginnine  of  October,  15*3."* 
The  name  of  Marlowe  is  but  of  rare 
occurrence,  and  it  is  therefore  no  very 
extravagant  surmise  that  this  might  be 
the  poet's  grandfather. 

Tnat  Marlowe  was  ever  a  member 
of  Bene*t  Coll.,  though  it  has  been  so 
positively  asserted,  is  also  very  ques- 
tionable. With  whom  the  circum- 
stantial detail  of  his  progress  at  the 
University  originated  I  nave  never 
been  able  precisely  to  trace,  but  I 
suspect  there  is  no  earlier  authority 
for  it  than  the  MS.  notes  of  Old  vs. 
Baker,  the  original  compiler  of  the 
*<  Biographia  Dramatica,  borrowing 
his  account  of  Marlowe  from  Ant. 
Wood,  merely  says  •*  it  is  well-known 
that  he  was  entered  as  a  student  at 
the  University.'*  In  the  next  edition 
of  the  work,  by  Isaac  Reed,  the  above 
dates  are  added,  but  without  any  hint 
of  the  source  whence  he  derived  the 

•  MS.  note^  on  Marlowe's  PUys  'm  the 
Bodleian. 


isao.] 


Li/e  tmd  WriiingB  of  Chrittopher  Marlowe. 


inforoiation.   The  lUtement,  howerer, 
it  pal  forih  with  to  auihoriutive  an 
air,  and  from  iu  very  minuteness  bears 
so  plausible  an  appearance,  that  it  has 
passed  from  writer  to  wtiter,  unexa- 
mined and  undoubted  :  so  prone  afe 
men  to  place  credit  in  bold  assertions, 
without  troubling  themselves  to  inves- 
tigate   their  correctness.      Yet,   as    I 
have  already  remarked,  it  is  extremely 
questionable    whether    Marlowe    was 
ever  a    member  of    Bene*t.      At  my 
request,  the  College  records  were  very 
carefully  searched   in   (he  year  1821, 
for   the   purpose    of   ascertaining   the 
truth  of  the  matter,  but  the  name  of 
Marlowe  did  not  occur  ai  any  period. 
The  lists,  however,  previous  to  159O 
are  in  a  very  confused  state,  and  the 
entry  may  have  been  overlooked.     In- 
deecf,   I    am  inclined   to  believe  that, 
though  not  a  member  of  Bene*t,  he 
still   did   at   one  time   belong   to   the 
University  ;   for,    though    no   positive 
evidence    of    the    circumstance    may 
exist,  yet  the  eeneral  idea  that  such 
was  the  case  should  have  its  weight 
with  a  writer  in  forming  his  conclu- 
sions upon  the  subject,  since  it  could 
scarcely    have    become    so     common 
without    having  tome   foundation    in 
truth.     Moreover,    every  page  of  his 
works   bears  testimony  to  bin   having 
received  a  liberal  education,  and  hav- 
ing been  deeply  imbued  with  classical 
knowledge.    In  truth,so  o^ttentatiously 
is  this  displayed,  that  he  is  doubtless 
one  of  the  dramatists  satirized  in  *'  the 
Returne  from  Pernassus,*'  where  "  the 
University  writers''  are   ridiculed  for 
"  smelling  of    that   fellow  Ovid   and 
that  fellow  Metamorphoses."     But  the 
most  direct  and  satisfactory  testimony 
upon  the  point  is  afforded  by  Wooci, 
who,  though  he   mentions    no  parti- 
cular college,  espressly  says   that   he 
was   "  sometime  a   student    in  Cam- 
bridge ;*'   and  in  another  place,  enu- 
merating the  jokes  levelled   there   by 
Nash  and  others  a«i;ainst  Richard  Her- 
Tey,  Lecturer  on  Philosophy,  and  bro- 
ther   to    the    antagonist    of     Robert 
Greene,  he  tells  us  that  **  Kit  Mar- 
lowe said  he  was  an  asse,  and  good  for 
nothing   bat   to   preach    of    the   Iron 
Age."     Thii   I   think   affords  decisive 
proof  ihai  Marlowe  was  a  memtier  of 
the    University,    where   his    intimacy 
with  Greene  and  Nash  probably  com- 
menced.    The   puritanic    Beard   also, 
who   was   his  contemporary,  says   he 
was  of  Cambridge. 


The  date  at  which  Marlowe  began 
to  write  for  the  stage  I   imagine  to 
have  been  about  1588,  when  was  per- 
formed the  tragedy  of  "  Tamburlaine 
the   Great,"  to  which,  however,  hit 
title    has    recently    been    questioned. 
Nothing  at  least  has  transpired  to  shew 
that  he  commenced  the  trade  of  au- 
thorship at  an  earlier  period ;  nor  does 
any  proof  whatever  exist  of  his  hav- 
ing been  an  actor,  though  his  biogra- 
phers, drawing  their  inferences  from 
the  probability  of  the  thing,  have  uni- 
versally pronounced  that  it  actually  was 
the  case ;   and  Warton  even  declares, 
that    "  he    was    often   applauded  i>y 
Queen  Elizabeth  and  King  James  the 
First,   as  a  Judicious  player."     With 
respect  to  Elisabeth,  this  assertion,  for 
which  no  authority  is  quoted,  is  pro- 
bably akin  to  the  blunder  which   long 
confounded    his   tragedy  of   "  Dido'* 
with  the  Latin    piece  of  that  name, 
acted  before  her  at  Cambridge ;  and 
as  to  James,  it  may  be  sufficient  to 
remark  that  he  never  was  in  England  • 
till    l()03,   ten   years  after  Marlowe's 
death ;  so  that  his  applause,  if  expressed 
at  all,  must  have  been  bestowed  some- 
what at  hazard;  unless,  indeed, Chris- 
topher undertook  a  journey  to  Edin- 
burgh purposely  to  convince  the  Scot- 
tish monarch  of  his  histrionic  abilities. 
Tis  true  that  Guthrie,  in  his  "  His- 
tory of  Scotland,"  says  that   James, 
to  prove  how  thoroughly  he  was  eman- 
cipated from  the  tutelage  of  his  clergy, 
desired  Queen  Elizabeth,  in  the  year 
I.S99,  to  send  him  a  company  of  Eng- 
lish comedians ;  which  she  did,  and 
he  gave  them  a  license  .to  act  in  his 
capital  and  in  his  court ;  but  as  Mar- 
lowe had  then  been  six  years  in  hit 
grave,  it  is  clear  that  he  was  not  one  of 
the  parly. 

This  erroneous  supposition,  that  Mar- 
lowe was  an  actor,  arose,  I  believe, 
from  an  equivocal  expression  made  ute 
of  by  Greene  in  his  "  Groat's- worth 
of  Wit,*'  where  he  stlyes  him  a  "fam- 
ous gracer  of  tragedians  1"  but  at  this 
period  the  words  tragedian  and  come- 
dian, which  now  seUlom  signify  any- 
thing but  acior,  were  commonly  pi;it 
for  dramatist  f  and,  in  fact,  a  centunr 
after,  they  were  still  used  in  that  sense. 
Tiius  Ant.  Wood  styles  Gager  •'  the 
best  comedian  of  his  time;'*  yet  he 
will  scarcely  be  understood  to  say  that 
Gagcr,  Chancellor  of  the  Diocese  of 
Ely,  was  a  player.  Greene's  words, 
in  truth,  let  the  epithet  be  received  in 


Ufa  mi  WritmgM  ofCkrittopher  Marlowe. 


[Jan. 


whichever  sense  it  nia^,  simply, sigoify 
either  that  Marlowe  did  honour  to  the 
profession  of  a  dramatist  by  the  plays 
he  was  author  of,  or  to  that  of  the  ao 
tors  by  the  excellent  parts  he  "  graced" 
them  with.  A  curious  extract  from 
Greene's  book»  in  which  the  above 
})as9age  occurs,  I  intend  to  print  in  a 
subsequent  part  of  this  article^  when 
it  will  be  seen  that  it  tends  decisively 
le  prove,  by  the  terms  in  which  itspeaks 
of  the  players,  and  the  distinction  it 
draws  between  them  and  his  quondam 
associates,  that  Marlowe  was  not  one 
of  the  fraternity.  To  this  may  be 
added  the  circumstance,  that  Hey  wood, 
who  must  have  been  well  acquainted 
with  his  history,  and  in  the  prologue 
to  the  '*  Jew  of  Malta,*'  styles  him 
'*  the  best  of  poets,"  gives  no  bint 
whatever  of  his  having  been  an  actor, 
00  that  the  idea  may  be  considered  as 
altogether  erroneous. 

That  Marlowe  came  to  a  disastrous 
and  untimely  end,  is,  I  regret  to  say, 
put  beyond  a  doubt.  The  exact  time 
and  place  of  this  occurrence,  with  the 
name  of  the  person  who  slew  him,  had 
escaped  the  curious  research  of  all 
preceding  inquirers,  and  for  the  bint 
which  helped  me  to  these  pieces  of 
information  I  was  indebted  to  a  pu- 
ritanical work  by  W.  Vaughan,  called 
"  The  Golden  Grove  Moralized," 
1600,  ISmo.  which,  enumerating  the 
judgments  that  have  overtaken  blas- 
phemers and  atheists,  has  this  descrip- 
tion of  poor  Marlowe's  catastrophe : 

*'  Not  infcriour  to  these  was  one  Cbrii- 
topher  Marlowe,  by  profession  splay-maker, 
who,  as  it  is  reportM^  about  7  yeeres  «^goe, 
wrote  a  buoke  against  the  Trtnitie.  But, 
see  the  effects  of  God's  iustice  !  It  so  hap- 
'iis«l  that,  at  Detfurd,  a  little  village  about 
three  miles  distant  from  London,  as  he 
BMant  to  stab  with  his  ponyard  one  named 
Ingram^  that  had  iouited  lum  thither  to  a 
ieaste,  and  was  then  playing  at  tables,  he, 
quickly  peroeyuing  it,  so  aooided  the  thrust, 
toat,  withall,  drawing  out  hu  dagger  for 
his  defence,  hee  stab'd  this  Marlow  into  the 
eye  in  such  sort,  thaty  his  brsynes  conuning 
oat  at  the  dasger^s  point,  he  shortlie  alter 
dyed.  Thos  doth  God,  the  true  executioner 
of  dialne  instioe,  wotke  the  ende  of  impioiis 
atheists." 

The  mention  of  Deptford  in  this  ac- 
coiiDt  induced  me  to  imagine  that  tome 
record  of  Marlowe'a  bunal  might  pos- 
sibly be  in  existcBoe  there,  though  I 
cootcss  that  my  expccutioos  upon  the 
subject  were  sot  very  sanguine.    My 


ennuiry  was  attended  with  succett  as 
win  appear  by  the  following  tranacript 
from  the  church-books  made  in  Fe- 
bruary 1820: 

«  Extract  from  the  Register  of  Bvriab 
in  the  Parish  of  St.  Nicholas,  Deptford  : 

*<  <  1  St  June,  1 598.  Christopher  Marlow, 
slaine  by  Ffrancis  Archer.' 

«  A  True  Copy— D.  Jones,  Minister.** 

Vaughan  therefore,  it  appears,  was 
right  as  to  the  place  and  time  of  Mar* 
lowe's  death,  though  he  seems  to  have 
been  mistaken  in  the  name  of  s>ia  aD* 
tagouist.  This  entry  affords  suCficictti 
contradiction,  if  any  were  needed,  of 
Aubrey's  blundering  assertion  that  ic 
was  Ben  Jonson  who  slew  Marlowe,* 
an  imputation  which  Giffurd,  in  hit 
life  of  Ben,  thinks  it  necessary  to  r^ 
fute ;  but  though  his  conclusion  is  cor* 
rect,  he  forms  it  upon  erroneous  pre- 
mises, and  in  detecting  Aubrey's  mis- 
take, falls  into  one  himself,  by  asaert- 
ing  that  it  was  impossible  for ' Jonsou 
to  kill  Marlowe  in  1593,  because  Mar- 
lowe died  "  at  least  two  years  befone 
that  period." 

I  hope  to  be  pardoned  for  thus  put- 
ting in  my  claim  to  the  luck,  such  as 
it  is,  of  discovering  what  had.  eluded 
the  vigilance  of  far  more  acute  aod 
industrious  enquirers,  because  the  edi- 
tor of  Marlowe's  Works,  1826,  although 
he  made  use  of  the  information,  had 
not  the  fairness  to  meniiun  the  source 
whence  he  derived  it;  while  in  Mr. 
Singer's  reprint  of  "  Hero  and  Lean- 
der, '  1821,  the  fact  is  noticed,  and 
candidly  acknowledged  to  be  borrowed 
from  the  brief  outline  of  this  article 
which  1  have  previously  alluded  to. 
It  was  not  a  little  amusing,  after  the 
above  certificate  of  Marlowe's  death 
and  burial  had  been  obtained,  but 
previously  to  its  publication,  to  find 
the  Monthly  Reviewers  gran-ly  main- 
taining that  no  such  ptrson  had  ever 
existed,  but  that  the  name  was  nierely 
one  assumed  by  Shakspeare  at  ihe  out- 
set of  his  career;  a  theory  which  seems 
to  have  been  a  great  favourite  with 
them,  as  they  sported  it  more  than 
once.  See  Nlontbly  Review,  vols.  89 
and  93.  Jambs  Brouobtoii. 

(To  he  continued,) 

*  «  He  (Jonson)  killed  Mr.  Marlow,  the 
poet,  on  Bunbill,  comeiog  from  the  Green 
Curtain  Pkyhouse."  «  Letters  irritten  bv 
Eminent  Persona  in  the  17th  and  ISth 
Centuries,**  1818,  vol  ii.  p.  415. 


18S0.]  Dr.  F^nier  fmfaundiMg  a  FmeuUy  of  Medictfte. 


Collegium  FACULTATitMsDiciifiB. 

DR.T.  FORSTKR.  of  Chelonford, 
has  addressed  a  Letter  to  W. 
Ijwrence,  Esq.  F.  R.  S.  contatiiing 
"  Observations  on  the  Union  which 
has  become  necessary  between  the 
htiherto  trparated  Branches  of  the 
Medical  Prr>rf9sion,  and  on  the  Foan- 
datinn  of  a  F.iculty  of  Medicine." 

Dr.  Forster  obserres,  that  England 
is    the   only   country   in    which    that 
artificial  division  of  the  profcMion  ex- 
ists, which,  by  sepiratin^  the  Surgeon 
from   the   Physician,   diminishes    the 
ntility  of  both,   and  places   the  pure 
Phtsician  infinitely  below  the  Ge- 
iTKiiAL  Practitiombr   in  the  quan- 
tum of  u»eful  knowled^  he  posflettet. 
In  France,  Germany,  Switzerland,  the 
Netherlands,    Scotland,   Ireland,   and 
every  other  state  except  South  Britain, 
the  two  branches  are  united,  and  the 
I>icior  of  Medicine  enjoys  a  diploma 
that  enables   him  to  exercise  all   the 
functions  of  Surgeon.  Physician,  and, 
in  many  countries,  of  Apothecary  also. 
If.  says  Vyt,  Forster,  I  were  to  re- 
commend any  distinctions  in  the  pro- 
fession, it  would  be  in  the  cases  of  those 
who  might  choose  to  study  the  diseases 
of  |>articolar  organs,  and  to   become 
referres  therein,   in  the  character  of 
Oculists,   Aurisis,   Dentists,  and  Ac- 
coucheurs.   But  even  in  these  cases,  so 
essential  do  I  belie%*e  the  general  prac- 
tice to  be,  to  any  of  its  pnicular  ap- 
plications,  that   I   woulci   have  these 
men  always  and  necessarily  begin  their 
career,  as  indeed  many  of  them  now 
do,  by  the  study  and  practice  of  the 
profession    generally,    and    in   all    its 
oranches. 

In  that  most  useful  and  laborious 
class  of  men,  the  Apothecaries,  all  the 
three  branches  of  Surgery,  Medicine, 
and  Pharmacy  are    unitt^J  ;  and   this 
circumstance,   together   uiih   that  of 
their   being    more  familiar   with    the 
constitution  of  their  patients,  renders 
them,  it  must  be  allowed,  the  most 
efficient  part  of  the  profession,  as  well 
•t    the  safest  and    most  confidential 
Medical  Advisers  of  the  family,  while 
the  calling  in  a  pure  Phiftician,  in  case 
of  extreme  danger,  is  resorted  to  fre- 
ouently  as  a   mere  compliance  with 
the  etiquette  of  an  old  custom,  which 
originated  at  a  period  when  the  Apo- 
thecaries were  not  so  well  educated  as 
they  are  at  present.     For,  as  both  are 
educated   uuw,  I  confess  I  cao  see  no 


inperiortiy  whatever  which  the  pure 
Phytfcian  possesses  over  the  Apothe* 
cary;  while  the  tatter  has  the  advantage 
of  much  additional  infcnnation,  in 
which  the  former  is  frequently  defi* 
eient,  both  in  Anatomy  and  practical 
Chemistry.  And,  as  the  two  branches 
•re  now  constituted  in  England,  the 
General  Practitioner  seems  to  me  to 
pr>ssess  that  sort  of  superiority,  wh^i 
compared  to  the  exclusive  Ptiysiehin^ 
which  common  sense  always  allows  to 
the  practical,  in  preference  to  the 
theoretical  part  of  any  science  what- 
ever. Dr.  liunter,  Mr.  Hunter,  and 
Dr.  Baillie,  all  derived  their  eminence 
from  a  practical  knowledge  of  the  se- 
veral branches  combined.  And  if  I 
may  allude  to  livina  examples,  without 
oflending  the  pabltc,  has  it  not  been  a 
fortunate  union  of  Surgery,  with  the 
knowledge  of  Physiology,  and  of  sim- 
ple Medicine,  which  has  enabled  Af  r. 
Abernethy  to  be  so  extensively  useful 
as  the  instructor  of  the  Physician? 
And  has  it  not  been  the  superadd  it  ion 
of  the  various  adjutant  sciences  which 
has  raised  my  friend,  Mr.  Lawrence^ 
to  the  most  eminent  situation  which 
he  now  holds  at  the  head  of  the 
Surgical  Profession  ? 

In  proportion  as  sciences  are  certain, 
and   founded   on   demonstrable  facts, 
they  are  found  to  make  a  regular  pro- 
gress towards  perfection.    Surgery  has 
done  so  from  its  l>eginniiig,  when  its 
professors  were  Barber-Surgeons,  and 
the  Apothecaries  mere  druggisu,  to  the 
present   day.     Heister,  Poit,  Hunter, 
Abernethy,   and   Lawrence,    ha\e    in 
succession  improi-ed  its  practice,  and 
the  art  has  steadily  arrived  at  a  great 
degree  of  perfection.     But    Medicine 
has  from  a  much  longer  period  been  a 
wavering  and  uncertain   science,  and 
its  successive  Doctors,  so  far  from  pro- 
ducing a  steady  advance  of  its  princi- 
ples, have  exhibited,  in  their  endless 
varieties  of  opinion  and  contradictory 
practices,  the  fullest  possible  proof  of 
Its  precarious  and  empyrical  character. 
To  strip  it,  therefore,  of  the  solid  base 
and  support  of  Sur;;ery  and  Anatomy, 
is  like  taking  the  ballast  out  of  a  tot- 
tering bark,  in  a  squally  day,  and  set- 
ting it  afloat,  without  a  rudder,  on  the 
uncertain  billows  of  the  ocean.     It  is 
notorious  thai,  for  ages,  what  one  Phy- 
sician has   recommended  another  has 
condemned  :  one  forbids  animal  food, 
another    recommends  a   breakfast   of 


8 


Parke  the  Musician.'^Anecdote  of  Garrick, 


[Jan* 


roast  beef;  a  third  prohibits  wine  and 
beer ;  a  fourth  warmth ;  one  says  eat 
little  and  often ;  another  more  justly 
prescribes  regular  meals  twice,  or  at 
most  three  times  a-day ;  one  ^ives  ca- 
lomel for  almost  every  complaint;  an- 
other almost  condemns  its  use  alto- 
?|ether;  even  fire  and  fresh  air  have 
ound  their  enemies  among  our  Pro- 
fessors ;  and  the  most  opposite  sorts  of 
drugs  have  repeatedly  been  prescribed 
in  the  same  disorders,  and  with  an  ap- 
parent similarity  of  result;  while  m 
reality,  as  I  have  often  discovered,  a 
change  in  the  state  of  the  air  has  been 
the  effective  agent  in  the  recovery  of 
the  patient.  All  this  contradictory 
practice  will  be  found  to  vary  inversely 
as  Physic  shall  be  founded  on  rational 
views  of  Physiology  and  on  a  sound 
practical  knowledge  of  science. 

I  should  therefore  suggest  the  forma- 
tion of  Medical  Colleges,  bearing  the 
title — Collegium  Facultatis  Mb- 
DicivjR,  In  these  there  should  be 
lectures  given  in  Anatomy,  Physiology, 
Surgery,  Chemistry,  Botany,  compris- 
ing the  medicinal  properties  of  species  ; 
Pharmacy,  Meteorology,  embracing 
the  Influence  of  Air  on  Disorders,  Pes- 
tilence, and  Epidemia ;  Theory  and 
Practice  of  Medicine,  Forensic  AJedi- 
cine  ;  and,  if  required,  on  the  particular 
branches,  as  Opthalmology,  and  so  on. 
Such  a  College  should  be  instituted  in 
every  large  town  where  there  is  an 
hospital,  to  which  the  Students  should 
have  access,  subject  to  certain  regula- 
tions. T.  FORSTER. 


M r.  U RBAN,        Richmond,  Jan.  J, 

THE  Obituary  of  the  late  Mr.  Parke 
(vol.  xcix.  ii.  p.  568)  does  not 
contain  any  mention  of  his  critical 
judgment  in  Pictures  ;  yet  he  was  re- 
garded as  a  most  correct  detector  of  a 
spurious  painting.  The  manner  of  the 
distinguibhed  old  masters  he  had  rigidly 
studied,  and  readily  could  decide  upon 
the  genuiness  of  a  picture,  even  in  in- 
stances where  masters  sometimes  differ 
from  themselves.  Numerous  are  the 
compositions  of  merit  which  Mr.  Parke 
was  the  instrument  of  adding  to  the 
collections  in  England. 

I  notice  in  iheObituarif  the  follow- 
ing passage: 

**  About  the  saiiie  period  (1770),  Garrick 
engaged  him  at  Drury-Lane  Theatre,  on  the 


most  liberal  termi ;  and  he  and  Garricik  eter 
afterwirdi  lived  on  tlie  most  intimate  and 
friendly  footing." 

Perhaps    this    is   too   strongly   ex- 
pressed :  but  a  cordial  intercourse  may 
oe  said  to  have  long  subsisted ;  and  Mr. 
Parke,  beyond  all  doubt,  merited  by 
his  attachment  the  r^ard  of  Mr.  Gar- 
rick.   One  little  incident  may  deserve 
mention :  Mr.  Garrick,  upon  his  en- 
tering at  the  stage-door,  on  a  particular 
evening,  when  he  was  to  appear  in  the 
character  of  i?ang£T,  passed  Mr.  Parke, 
who  stood  in  one  of  the  inner  passages, 
without  at  first  noticine  him.    Upon 
Mr.  Garrick  turning  suddenly  round, 
Mr.  Parke,   bowing,    addressed    him, 
saying*  "  That  it  had  been  his  object 
to  obtain  a  passage  to  the  pit,  across 
the  stage,  that  Mrs.  Parke  mi^ht  avoid 
the  pressure  of  the  multitude  in  all  the 
approaches  to  the  pit."    **  That  I  fear 
(replied  Mr.  Garrick)  cannot,  in  fair- 
ness to  the  public,  be  permitted.     But 
take    my    arm,    Mrs.  Parke,   and   let 
Strickland  follow,*'  alluding  to   Mr. 
Parke  and  the  character  which  gives 
the  title  to  the  comedy ;  and,  proceed- 
ing towards  his  private  box,  he  called 
to  the  keeper  to  place  Mrs.  Parke,  and 
any  company  she  might  wish  to  Join 
her,  in  the  box  ;  adding,  "  when  Lord 
Rivers  comes,  let  his  Lardship  be  ac- 
commodated, with    my   respectful  re- 
gards, in   the  large  box,  which  will 
be  more  commodious  to   Mrs.  Beck- 
ford  and  her  fair  friend  from  Turin." 
Mrs.  Parke  was,  on  other  occasions, 
accommodated  with  the  same  indul- 
gence.    She  was  at   this  time  in  the 
prime  of  life,  and  noted  by  Garrick  as  a 
striking  likeness  of  Mane  Antoinette, 
the  young  Queen  of  France. 

It  is  possible  that  The  Suspicious 
Husband  may  not  have  been  the  co- 
medy of  the  night  in  question,  but  it 
must  have  been  a  subject  of  converse 
at  the  time,  as  the  allusion  to  Strick- 
land, by  Mr.  Garrick,  was  related  by 
Mr.  Parke  as  a  mark  of  the  pleasantry 
and  vivacity  of  the  great  actor,  who 
was  prone  to  acts  of  kindness  when- 
ever an  opportunity  offered.  And  the 
writer  of  this  article  heard  him  say,  at 
his  table  at  Hampton  Court,  "  that 
the  saccess  attendant  on  his  establish- 
ment of  <  The  Theatrical  Fund,'  had 
added  down  to  his  pillow,  almost  be- 
yond any  other  act  of  his  life.*' 

Yours,  &c.  W.  P. 


HOrSB  IK  THB  RVX  ^  Pa:-<IS  . 


Aitoiiimation  of  Henrtf  IF.  of  France. 


16S0.] 

Mr.  Urban,  Paris,  Jan.  I. 

IHAVli  ihe  pleatura  of  uansmilting 
lo  )ou  a  skridi  of  the  houtr,  in  ihe 
front  of  which  Henri  Qiiatre  was  as- 
•aktinated,  and  which  is  Itoih  curious 
in  iiseir,  and  iutrretting  with  regard  to 
the  event  of  ihe  King's  death.  I  have 
also  addr«l  a  shght  account  of  the  par- 
ticulars ofthefuial  occurrence,  extract- 
ed from  L'Etoile  and  other  writers  of 
the  period,  which  uiuy  serve  to  illus- 
trate the  drawing. 

It  is  remarkable  that  the  day  oo 
tvhich  Henri  Quaire  was  murUercdj 
had  already  bet  n  predicted  as  one 
which  was  likrly  to  prove  fatal  lo  himi 
this  circumstance  may,  however,  like 
many  other  prophecirs,  have  been  the 
cause  of  its  accomplishment,  particu- 
larly as  it  was  generally  imagined  lo 
have  been  the  lesuli  of  a  reg«ilarly  or* 
ganized  and  long  arranged  cunsptracy. 
j'here  are  many  things  which  lend  to 
sup|)orl  this  belief,  though  in  hit  dying 
nitimenis  the  murderer  Ravaillac  moat 
strenuously  denied  having  been  insti- 

Saied  by  any  one.  Both  L*Eloileand 
_  laiiiieu  take  notice  of  the  day  being 
conHidere<l  an  ominous  one,  and  other 
writers  beside  make  particular  meniioo, 
of  the  King's  restlessness  and  unettinev 
on  that  day,  and  the  ni^ht  preecdinj;. 
He  seemed  himself  to  have  been  ap« 
prehen»ite  of  some  approaching  cala- 
mity, and  ap|)eared  like  the  Highland 
Seer,  to  feel  thut  '*  coming  events  cast 
their  shadows  before.*'  The  Queen 
too,  like  Calphurnia  in  her  entreaty  to 
Cxsar,  earnestly  l>esought  him  not  to 
leave  his  palace  ;  but,  as  courageous  as 
the  Roman,  he  laughed  to  k'otd  the 
thought  of  danger,  and  dismissing  even 
his  usual  retinue  of  Guards,  he aet  (iut 
for  the  Arsenal,  to  visit  the  Due  de 
Sully,  at  that  time  sick,  accompanied 
only  by  the  six  noblemen  who  were  in 
const.int  attendance  upon  his  person. 

"The  c.irriage  haxint;  reached  the 
end  of  the  Uue  St.  Honor^,  and  on  the 
point  of  entering  thai  of  La  Frrrooerie* 
which  is  there  exceed ini^ly  narroW, 
and  still  more  confined  by  the  fthopt 
which  are  built  up  agaiuii  the  wall  of 
the  Cemeti^re  des  Innucens,  was  IDi- 
p^'ded  by  encountering  on  the  .right 
hand  side  a  cart  laden  with  wine^  and 
on  the  left  a  wain  of  hay,  and  was 
therefore  obliged  to  stop  at  the  corner 
of  the  street,  npjiosite  the  office  of  a 
notary  namtd  Pout  rain.  The  footmen 
in  rear  of  the  carriage  went  into  the 
Gbnt.  Mao.  January^  ISSO. 


9 


cemetery,  in  order  to  pass  easier  along, 
and  rejoin  it  at  the  end  of  the  street, 
leaving  only  two  of  their  number  be- 
hind, one  of  whom  went  forward  to 
clear  the  way,  and  the  other  took  this 
opportunity  of  tying  up  his  garter. 
Ravaillac,  who  had  followed  the  car- 
riage all  the  way  from  the  Louvre, 
seeing  that  it  was  stopped,  and  that 
no  one  remained  near  to  guard  it,  ad- 
vonced  on  the  side  where  he  had  ob- 
served that  the  King  was  sitting,  his 
cloak  hanging  on  his  left  shouhlers  to 
conceal  the  knife  which  he  held  in 
his  hand.  He  glided  between  the 
shops  and  the  carriage,  as  did  all  those 
who  wished  to  past  it,  and  stepping 
with  one  foot  on  a  spoke  of  one  of  the 
wheels,  and  supporting  himself  with 
the  other  on  a  boundary  stone,  he 
drew  hit  knife,  which  was  double- 
c<lgf<i*  snd  struck  a  blow  at  the  King, 
which  penetrated  his  side  a  little  above 
the  heart,  between  the  third  and  fourth 
ribt,  at  the  moment  when  the  Prince 
had  turned  towards  the  Due  d*E|)ernon, 
reading  a  letter;  or  according  to  othem, 
at  he  was  leaning  towards  the  Ma- 
rescbal  de  Lavardin,  to  whom  he  was 
.whispcrina  something  in  his  ear.  Feel- 
ing himsefr  stabbed,  Henry  cried  out 

*  1  ain'woanded,*  and  at  the  same  in- 
stant the  assassin  perceiving  that  the 
point  of  the  knife  had  been  turned  by 
the  bone  of  a  rib,  redoubled  his  blow 
with  such  quickness  that  none  of  those 
who  were  tn  the  carriage  had  time  to 
prevent,  or  even  to  perceive  it.  Henry 
in  raising  his  arm,  gave  additional 
force  to  the  second  blow,  which  pierced 
him  to  the  heart,  according  to  Pere- 
fixe  and  I'Etoile,  and  according  to 
Regniault  and  the  Mercure  Franfais, 
near  the  auricle  of  the  heart,  in  the 

*  veinecave,*  which  was  cut.  A  quantity 
of  blood  rushed  from  the  mouih  and 
from  the  wound  of  the  unfortunate 
Prince,  and  he  expired  uttering  only  a 
deep  sigh  I*  or,  as  Mathieu  says,  ex- 
claiming in  a  faint  voice  these  few 
words,  *  //  it  nothing.*  The  murderer 
attempted  a  third  blow,  but  it  was 
caught  6d  the  sleeve  of  the  Due 
d'^emon.^ 

'  Ao.L'Eioiit,  Perefixe,  Mathieu, 
Begmauti,  and  iha  Memoirs  if  the 
Due  de  Sutty. 

Yours,  &c.     Dudley  Costbllo. 


I 


Mr.  Urbav,  Jan,  6. 

F  the  manifold  sorrows  and  evils 

which  H'e  see  afflict  mankind  call 


io 


Mr,  UphanCi  Reply  to  Mr.  Godfreff  ffiggins. 


LJan. 


forth  the  sympathy  of  the  feeling  heart, 
how  much  deeper  should  be  the  senti* 
ment,  when  the  stake  is  for  such  higher 
interests  as  the  will  of  God  and  a 
future  life  present.  Whoever  ventures, 
either  from  a  perverted  will,  or  an  un- 
happy course  of  thought,  to  put  forth 
sentiments  interfering  with  all  that 
can  sustain  the  soul  in  affliction,  and 
carry  it  triumphantly  over  death,  must 
excite  the  pity,  and  call  forth  the  earnest 
counteracting  eiforty  of  every  lover  of 
his  fellow  man. 

Grave  as  these  thoughts  appear,  they 
are  called  forth  by  a  recent  publication, 
which,  even  in  this  age  ot  the  march 
of  intellect,  has  taken  a  stride  beyond 
all  the  monsters  of  Swift's  proliBc  ima- 
gination ;  "  The  Apology  tor  Moham- 
med the  Illustrious  I  by  Mr.  Higgins,** 
cannot  fail  to  excite  wonder  in  all  who 
have  ever  read  the  Ottoman  Annals, 
or  who  know  their  own  Scriptures. 
To  those  who  have  read  either,  tne  pre- 
sent nublicntion  may  be  safely  com- 
mitted without  danger ;  but  human  in- 
tellect is  now  so  advancing,  that  no 
one  will  blame  a  short  succinct  glance 
at  some  of  the  most  extraordinary  and 
self-confuted  assertions  with  which 
the  whole  work  abounds.  Far  from 
meaning  any  oflence  to  Mr.  Higgins, 
no  one  esteems  him  more  sincerely 
than  myself,  as  far  as  the  amenities  of 
life  may  be  safely  carried ;  for,  as  con- 
cerns man  to  man,  I  believe  he  desires 
sincerely  to  do  them  service.  Put  him 
in  charge  of  the  roads,  to  take  care  of 
the  affairs  of  an  hospital,  he  will  spend 
hours  and  days  to  set  matters  right, 
regardless  of  all  personal  trouble ;  and 
if  Mr.  Higgins  would  let  the  world 
know  no  more  of  him  than  in  these 
and  similar  actions,  he  would  deserve 
and  receive  the  gratitude  of  hundreds. 

Indignant  as  every  true  lover  of  the 
Christian  faith  must  feel  at  to  unne- 
cessary an  attack  as  that  lerelled  by 
Mr.  Higgins,  I  scarcely  think  Ithoold 
have  uken  up  my  pen,  had  he  not 
chosen  to  inscribe  his  olnectionable 
work  to  the  Royal  Asiatic  Society, 
every  member  of  which,  I  doubt  not, 
will  consider,  as  well  as  myself,  that 
Mr.  Higgins  has  taken  a  most  unotual 
and  unjustifiable  liberty  by  so  doing. 
I  for  one  beg  leave  to  disclaim  any 
kind  of  approval  or  participation  with 
a  single  statement  in  the  pamphlet : — 
in  fact,  I  know  it  to  be  full  of  errori, 
and  that  if  the  parts  are  substracted 
which  are  not  reatonings,  but  Blc 


Higgins's  glosses  upon  the  pfacticet  of 
Christians  and  Mussulmen,  matlert  cf 
no  relevancy  as  areument,  the  facts  on 
which  he  grounds  his  assertions  can  be 
easily  proved  to  be  mistakea  and  mit* 
conceptions;  in  fact  ^^^fj  statement, 
which  the  |>ages  of  Mr.  Higgins*s  e^^ 
traordinary  pamphlet  contains,  nacj  be 
readily  confuted. 

Throughout  the  whole  extent  of  the 
observations  upon  the  life,  mission^ 
and  actions  of  Muhammed,  contained 
in  the  lengthy  passa^s  from  p.  1  to 
p.  42,  not  one  tangible  point  it<  ad- 
duced which  serves  to  prove  a  single 
fact.  All  is  upon  supposititious  grounds, 
and  all  deals  in  generalities,  which 
make  nothinjr  either  for  or  against  the 
Impostor.  F^  was  gified  with  a  grace- 
ful person ;  he  was  faithful  to  Cadijah 
his  first  wife,  for  the  twenty-two  yean 
of  their  union  ;  he  was  affable  and 
kind  to  his  followers  and  friends. 
Granted  that  all  these  things  are  tree, 
it  is  equally  true,  that  giving  the 
full  sway  to  his  unbridled  lust  the 
same  person  afterwards  penned  express 
chapters  for  the  Koran,  to  frame  an 
excuse  for  indulging  his  own  boundless 
sensuality,  allowing  to  himself  an  unli- 
mited number  of  women,  and  declaring 
that  it  was  a  propensity  which  he 
could  not  controul ;  he  further  pre- 
vailed upon  his  freed  man  and  adopted 
son  Zaid,  to  repudiate  his  wife  the 
beautiful  Zuiiat,  whom  Muhammed 
then  took  to  his  bed,  a  step  considered 
incestuous,  and  which  gave  offence  to 
many  of  his  followers. 

Having  ascertained  the  extent  of  his 
influence  over  the  mind  of  his  fol- 
lowers, what  shall  we  say  to  the  hu- 
manity which  made  the  sword  the  in- 
strument of  conversion,  and  which 
spread  the  flames  of  war  and  blood- 
sned  over  the  whole  East ;  rendering 
it  imperative  on  his  followers  to  con- 
vert by  the  sword  every  surrounding 
state ;  whereby  Arabia,  Persia,  Syriar, 
Egypt,  Armenia,  and  in  fact  the  whole 
East,  became  one  scene  of  blood  and 
devastation !  To  incite  his  deluded  fol- 
lowers to  these  enterprizes,  he  de- 
clares in  the  3d  chapter  of  the  Koran, 
•ectiQn  viii.  that  "  whoever  falls  in 
battle  their  sins  are  forgiven  ;  at  the 
day  of  judgment  their  wounds  shall  be 
resplendent  as  vermilion,  and  odori- 
ferous  as  musk ;  the  loss  of  his  limbs 
ahall  be  replaced  by  the  wings  of 
angels  and  of  cherubim  !*' 

Finding  Arabia  peopled  with  uu- 


18S0.] 


Lift  and  OjoMimu  of  Muhammed. 


merous  tribes  of  Jews  who  fled  thiiher 
for  refuse  from  the  disordered  pro- 
vinces of  the  Roman  and  Persian  mo- 
narchies, Muhammed  vainly  endea- 
voured to  make  them  exchanse  their 
faith  for  his  Koran,  and  finding  bia 
eflbrts  ineffectual,  be  actually  conti- 
nued a  merciless  persecution  of  the 
whole  race,  until  be  bad  extirpated 
them  from  Arabia.  This  cruel  and 
revengeful  conduct  was  properly  re- 
warded by  a  retributive  retaliation, 
Tainax,  a  Jewess,  being  the  instru- 
ment of  his  suffering  and  death,  by 
the  administration  of  poison,  in  re- 
venge for  her  murdered  relatives. 

Such  are  a  few  only  of  the  leading 
traits  of  Muhammed's  life;  and  how 
any  person,  having  before  him  the  con- 
sequences of  his  doctrine  and  iastitu- 
cionsy  can  poitibly  set  himself  down 
to  pen  an  apology  for  his  character, 
might  well  excite  astonishment,  if  we 
bad  not  daily  examples  of  the  perver- 
sion of  the  human  understanding, 
and  its  morbid  and  diseased  propen- 
sities. 

If  we  analyze  the  Koran,  it  must  be 
manifest  to  every  one  acquainted  with 
iu  tenets,  thai  tit  sublimesi  ideas  are 
derived  from  the  language  of  our  Scrip- 
iurest  that  its  doctrines  are  a  compound 
of  Judaism  and  Christianity ;  of  selec- 
tions from  Talmodic  Legends,  Apo- 
cryphal Gospels,  and  fragments  of 
Oriental  tradition  and  doctrines.  No- 
thing can  be  so  apparent  as  this  fact, 
if  we  compare  it  with  the  Misbckl-al- 
Masa^ih,  or  traditions  of  the  Pro- 
phet's private  life,  actions,  and  sayings, 
supplied  from  the  recollections  of 
Ayesha  and  his  otlier  wives ;  which 
vicious  and  exiraordinanf  work  is  in 
fact  made  the  basis  of  Islamism ;  as 
it  is  held  in  the  greatest  respect  by 
the  whole  class  of  Mussulmans  of  the 
sect  of  the  Sunnites,  that  is,  nearly  the 
whole  Muhammedan  world.  Now  by 
accepting  of  these  sayings  and  actions 
as  the  basis  of  their  civil  regulations, 
and  not  as  supposed  from  the  Koran, 
they  evidence  the  superiority  which 
they  atuch  to  Muhammed's  actions 
over  his  doctrine;  and  a  more  scan- 
dalous, profligate  display  of  habits  can 
scarcely  be  perused  than  in  this  extra- 
ordinary compilation. 

Properly  to  appreciate  the  opinions 
of  Mahomet,  which  arise  from  these 
traditions  being  followed  as  matters  of 
^ith,  we  must  trace  them  io  their 
devastating  progress  over   the  irhole 


11 

East»  over  the  vast  plains  of  Tar* 
tary,  China,  and  almost  the  whole 
of  the  known  world  ;  and  when  we 
reflect  upon  the  vast  and  populous  re- 
gions  which  their  baneful  influence  has 
reduced  to  deserts,  we  may  derive  the 
most  striking  evidence  of  the  misery 
caused  bv  this  artful  and  unprincipled 
man.  Muhammed  never  preteiuled  to 
work  miracles  for  conversion,  although 
he  evidently  laid  claim  to  them  as 
means, — witness  his  night  journey,  and 
the  attendance  of  the  angel  Gabriel. 
When,  however,  he  was  reauircd  by  his 
enemies  to  show  a  proof  ot  his  mission 
by  working  a  miracle,  he,  knowing 
bis  own  impotency  over  the  powers  <^ 
nature,  artfully  eluded  the  question,  by 
saying,  that  as  the  miracles  of  Jesus 
had  not  worked  conversion,  so  he  was 
not  commissioned  to  use  them;  an 
eyideiKe  from  his  own  mouth  of  the 
divine  mission  of  our  Saviour,  and  of 
the  imposture  practised  by  himself. 

Nothing  can  be  more  contrary  to 
fact,  than  the  assertion  so  bo/dly  made 
by  Mr.  Higgins  at  page  29,  that  each 
Mussulman  for  his  own  person  is  in- 
vested with  the  character  of  a  priest, 
and  that  the  Muhammedan  religion  is 
destitute  of  priesthood ;  Isiamism  hat 
iis  priesihooa. 

The  Sultan  is  pontiff,  legislator, 
and  judge,  as  successor  to  the  Caliphs; 
he  is  styled  the  Sultandin  or  the 
protector  of  the  faith ;  the  Padishah- 
islam  or  the  Emueror  of  Islamism  ; 
and  Til-ullah  or  the  Shadow  of  God. 
There  are  also  three  classes  of  minis- 
ters of  religion,  the  Imacems  or  priests, 
the  Shieks  or  ordinary  preachers,  the 
Katibs  or  readers,  or  deacons.  Each 
individual  Mussulman  has  no  further 
privilege  than  that  of  personal  prayer, 
which  must  always  be  offered  towards 
the  Caaba,  a  privile^  which,  to  the 
shame  of  most  Christians,  they  are  far 
more  observant  of,  than  the  latter  are 
towards  the  injunctions  and  exhorta- 
tions of  the  purest  and  sublimest  pre- 
cepts ever  given  to  man. 

As  for  the  parallel  which  Mr.  Hig- 
gins has  ventured  to  draw  between 
the  descriptions  of  the  book  of  Revelo* 
tions,  which  are  spiritual,  and  such  as 
God  only  could  disclose,  and  the  sen- 
sual vicious  colouring  of  the  Koran,  it 
only  serves  to  establish  the  testimony 
of  nis  total  want  of  genuine  informa- 
tion 00  the  subject ;  the  descriptions  of 
Muhammed  being  borrowed  entirely 
from  former  oriental  details  and  fio- 


19 


On  Turkish  LUferality. 


[Jan. 


tions.  Whoever  will  take  the  pains  of 
casting  his  eyes  over  the  doctrine  and 
tenets  of  Budhism,  published  by  Ac- 
kermann,  from  their  own  writings, 
will  be  able  to  trace  every  single  linea- 
ment of  Muhamnied's  rewards,  of  his 
houses,  and  his  paradise. 

As  for  the  broad  assertion,  that 
"like  the  Gospel  of  Jesus,  the  Koran 
is  the  poor  tnan*8  friend,'*  all  that  can 
be  said  on  the  sobjeci  is,  that,  if  it  be 
true  that  every  man  in  authority, 
throughout  the  whole  compass  of  the 
Mohammedan  faith,  totally  disbe- 
lieves and  acts  contrary  to  its  pre- 
cepts,) for  it  is  upon  record,  in  the  de- 
tails of  every  traveller,  that  there  is 
scarcely  a  Mussulman  town  wherein 
the  wretched  inhabitants  are  suffered 
to  taste  the  common  fruits  of  their  la- 
bour,) it  is  certainly  among  the  most 
singular  of  facts  how  any  reflective 
mind  can  put  forward  such  sweeping 
assertions  upon  facts  which  the  expe- 
rience of  all  ages  contradicts.  Ask  the 
victims  of  Ibraham,  of  Muhaaimed 
Vasha,  of  Dgirrar^  and  all  the  tyran- 
nical despots  of  Asia,  in  what  district 
the  observance  of  these  mild  injunc- 
tions are  to  be  found  ? 

Of  the  same  character  is  the  asser- 
tion in  page  44,  which  states  the  su- 
perior morality  of  most  Muhammedun 
nations  over  that  of  Christian  ones. 
Now  were  any  one  city  in  England  to 
practise  the  habits  which  are  common 
to  the  whole  Muhammedan  world  for 
one  month  only,  they  would  be  ob- 
liged to  fly  their  country,  or  sufler  a 
just  and  merited  death  by  its  violated 
laws. 

Again,  in  page  53,  Mr.  Higgins 
states  that  the  enlightened  Achbar 
sent  an  embassy  in  I695  to  the  King 
of  Portugal,  to  request  that  mission- 
aries might  be  sent  to  instruct  him  in 
the  Christian  religion,  in  order  that, 
after  he  had  fully  inquired,  he  mi^ht 
choose  the  religion  which  appeared  to 
him  to  be  the  true  one ;  they  were 
sent,  and  after  comparing  their  reason- 
ings, Achbar  chose  the  Muhamme- 
dan faith:  Therefore,  Mr.  Higgins 
reasons,  "it  is  very  evident  that  the 
followers  of  the  prophet  obtained  as 
decided  a  victory  by  their  pens,  as  they 
had  previously  done  by  their  arms. 
Prideaux  cannot  conceal  his  vexation.'* 
A  long  paragraph  follows,  in  Mr.  Hig- 

J^ins's  hasty  and  I -had  almost  said  un- 
air  mode  of  reasoning,  whereio   a 


sneer  and  a  sarcasm  against  the  learn- 
ed and  exemplary  Prideaux  is  unne- 
cessarily introduced,  simI  soperadded  to 
an  assertion;  after  which  Mr.  Hig- 
gins proceeds,  "  This  whole  story  is 
very  remarkable.  When,  among  Chris- 
tians, shall  we  meet  with  an  exaaipU 
of  liberality  equal  to  this  of  the  Mo- 
gul?** &c.  Now  all  this  would  per- 
haps have  told  for  Mr.  Higgins,  as  hr 
as  the  example  of  Achbar  went,  if 
Achbar  had  remained  a  Mussulman  ; 
but  Achbar,  if  he  became  a  Mussal- 
man,  did  not  remain  one;  he  aposta- 
tized again,  and  actually  became  so  im- 
bued with  portions  of  the  same  learn- 
ing Mr.  Higgins  is  pursuing,  that, 
admiring  the  Pantheism  of  ine  Bra- 
mi  nical  incarnations,  in  preference  to 
Mohammed's  Koran,  he  finished  bj 
ikchun^  himseif  a  god  !  And  if  Mr. 
Higgins  will  travel  to  Agra,  he  will 
be  able  to  read  the  monstrous  preten- 
sions inscribed  at  the  present  hour  on 
the  beautiful  mausoleum  which  in- 
closes his  remains.  As  to  the  compa- 
rison between  the  conduct  of  Chris- 
tians in  war  with  that  of  the  Turks  in 
the  conquest  of  Greece,  and  esi>ecially 
of  Constantinople;  in  what  Mr.  Hig- 
gins calls  leaving  them  in  possession  of 
their  lands,  &c.  &c.  a  more  iameniabie 
historical  mis  fake  never  was  made  by 
any  writer ;  for  it  is  expressly  on  re* 
cord,  that  *<  Muhammed  made  his 
public  entry  about  the  eighth  hoor, 
that  is,  about  two  in  the  afternoon  of 
the  dOth  of  May,  1453,  to  the  shouu 
and  acclu (nations  of  his  soldiery,  bui 
not  a  single  Greek  remained  in  Qm» 
slanlinople !"  The  city  was  repeopled 
by  violence,  vast  multitudes  being 
dragjsed  forcibly  from  Asia,  and  com- 
pelled to  settle  therein ;  and  long  af- 
terwards, when  the  Greek  patriarch 
was  installed,  the  fugitive  Greek  popu- 
lation returned.  Mr.  Higgins  makes 
the  constant  mistake  of  reckoning,  as 
a  proof  of  Ottoman  lenity,  what  in 
fact  is  his  pride;  he  lives  among  iiis 
Christian  subjects  now,  as  the  Tar« 
tars  did  under  Zingis  Khan  and  Ti- 
mour/  namely,  as  among  an  inferior 
race,  whom  he  looks  down  upon  with 
contempt,  and  who  breathe  solely  by 
his  permission,  for  which  the  slave 
pays  a  yearly  tax  :  but  if  the  Turk  his 
master  has  the  caprice  or  cruelty  to 
murder  anv  individual  of  this  abject 
race,  Greek  or  European,  unless  the 
judge  were  bribed  by  money,  he  wouM 


1830] 


Death  of  Burckhardt.^^Oitoman  Murders. 


13 


go  altogether  unpunished  ;  a  case  per- 
fectly notorious  to  every  one  who  has 
hern  in  these  countries. 

The  next  fact  brought  forward  by 
Mr.  Higgins  might  well  ha%e  been 
spared,  a»  it  concerns  the  death- bed  of 
a  most  amiable  and  interesting  man,  a 
man  who  hu  done  more  fot  real  learn- 
ing in  his  extraordinary  investigations 
in  Arabia  and  the  East,  than  any  other 
individual  that  can  be  named ;  1  allude 
to  the  honourable  and  ill-fated  Burck- 
hardt.  Yet  in  pge  105,  Mr.  Higgins, 
in  pursuit  of  his  present  lucubrations, 
hesitates  not  to  publish  the  statement, 
that  he  died  a  Mussulman,  and  volun- 
tarily  desired  to  be  buried  as  one.  Now 
the  fffutleman  to  whom  Mr.  Higgins 
alludes,  1  knew  fully  as  well,  if  not 
better,  than  himself;  and  I  am  perfect- 
ly convinced,  that  whate%'er  he  might 
tell  Mr.  H.  he  would  believe.  But 
let  the  reader  peruse  the  account  of 
Burckhardt's  death  in  Mr.  Madden's 
interesting  narrative,  and  then  let  him 
judge  of  the  fact,  it  can,  however, 
foe  proved  to  be  untrue;  Burckhardt 
died  in  heart  a  Christian,  but  in  a))- 
pea  ranee  a  Mussulman,  and  request- 
ed Mr.  Salt  and  his  kind  physician 
then  present,  who  received  his  last 
breath,  to  permit  the  obstreperous 
Turks  to  bury  him  their  own  way,  ra- 
ther than,  by  the  real  facts  being  di- 
vulged, that  the  safety  of  his  friends 
around  miRht  be  thereby  compromised. 
Had  he  indeed  ended  his  davs  a  de- 
aerter  from  the  ranks  of  Christianity, 
knowing  that  he  was  now  gone  to  his 
final  account,  it  must  have  been  con- 
fidered  a  mere  mark  of  good  feeling  to 
have  forborne  the  exposure;  for  Mr. 
Hig^ins*s  aim  gains  nothing  by  its  ad- 
miMion  ;  but  the  fact  is  not  so,  and 
the  physician  who  was  with  him  is 
oow  in  London  to  verify  it. 

Having,  as  I  firmly  trust,  shown 
the  very  serious  mistatements  of  Mr. 
Higgins,  and  proved  what  Muham- 
mcdanism  is  not,  I  will  devote  a  mere 
half  side  of  paper  now  to  mark  down 
mJuU  ii  is ;  and  1  shall  herein  solely 
take,  from  the  researches  which  I  put 
together  for  the  Annals  of  the  Ot- 
toman Empire,  tlie  acts  of  the  diflferent 
Soltans  of  the  Ottoman  race,  on  their 
aeceasion  to  the  throne,  leaving  un- 
noticed all  the  vast  career  of  blood  which 
waa  shed  at  other  times  so  profusely 
through  their  reigns.  These  protectors ! 
.tiicac  shadows  of  God  on  earth !  (whose 
chief  and  most  usual  title  is  that  of 


Hanker,  a  man -slayer)  claim  for 
themselves,  by  regular  descent  from 
the  prophet  Muhammed,  the  right  of 
killing  fifteen  persons  daily  without 
any  sin,  as  by  inspiration  ! 

Bajazet  1.  began  his  reign  with  the 
murder  of  his  brother;  his  son  Musa 
destroyed  Solyman ;  and  he  perished  by 
order  of  Muhammed  I.  Muhammed 
II.  began  his  reign  by  strangling  his 
infant  brother  of  eight  months  in  his 
cradle ;  his  son  Bajazet  drove  his 
brother  Tisimes  into  exile,  and  bribed 
the  infamous  Alexander  Bugia  to  have 
him  poisoned ;  Bajazet  died  himself 
by  the  same  fate,  by  order  of  his  own 
son  Selim,  who  murdered  his  brothers 
Achmet  and  Kecheed,  and  five  of  his 
nephews.  The  most  distinguished  of 
all  the  Ottoman  race,  Solyman  the 
Magnificent,  ascended  his  throne  un- 
stained by  fratricide ;  but  in  the  course 
of  his  long  Tti^ii  he  put  to  death  his 
amiable  son  Mustapha,  and  also  Selim. 
Ainurath  III.  put  his  five  brothers  to 
death  in  hi^  presence,  and  compelled 
their  mothers  to  be  present :  one  of 
whom,  becoming  frantic  at  the  sight, 
struck  herself  to  the  heart  with  a  po- 
niard. Muhammed  III.  destroyed* 
nineteen  brothers ;  and  not  content 
with  such  blood,  he  drowned  in  the 
Bosphorus  every  Odalisk,  or  female 
slave,  only  suspected  of  pregnancy. 
Achmet  I.   was  again  an  nonourable 

*  Since  peuDiDg  this  patMge  I  have  ac- 
cidentally met  with  the  fourth  volume  uf  the 
History  of  the  Ottoman  Empire,  by  the 
Baron  Von  Hammer,  alludiug  to  this  very 
fict.  This  celebrated  Orientalitt  narrates, 
that  out  of  one  hun^lred  and  two  children, 
twenty  sons  and  twenty- seven  daughters  had 
survived  their  father  Amurath  ;  and,  in  con- 
formity with  the  established  law  of  fratricide, 
nineteen  of  the  former  were  permitted  to 
live  until  their  parent's  interment ;  but 
within  four- and -twenty  hours  of  this  solem- 
nity their  own  last  rites  were  performed. 
Von  Hammer  further  observes,  that  fratri- 
cide was  not  only  deemed  by  the  Octoroaa 
sovereigns  a  dictate  of  sound  national  policy, 
but  thai  it  was  prescribed  by  the  canons  of 
Turkish  jurisprudence y  as  a  duty  exacted  by 
the  common  welfare  ;  and  I  presume  Mr. 
Higgins  will  hardly  dispute  the  accuracy 
and  deposition  of  such  a  testimony  as  Von 
Hammer*8  account.  In  Persia,  and  through- 
out the  Muhammedan  world,  an>l  I  believe 
that  only,  this  sanguinary  policy  prevails. 
Even  the  black  tribes  of  burniug  Afric  pre- 
sent no  such  scenes,  except  indeed  at  Fez 
•ad  Morocco,  but  Fez  and  Morocco  are 
Mussalmans. 


14 


On  the  Removal  of  Burial-grounds. 


W 


exemption ;  but  Mastaph^  his  son  put 
his  brother  Osman  to  aeath»  and  suf- 
fered the  same  fate  from  Amurath^ 
Othman  III.  revived,  however,  the 
illustrious  example  of  his  race,  b^  mur- 
dering two  brothers, and  attempting  the 
life  of  a  third ;  and  the  amiable  and 
enlightened  Selim,  in  our  own  days, 
we  have  seen  assassinated  by  order 
of  his  brother  Mustapha,  who  perished 
in  his  turn  by  order  of  the  present  Sul- 
tan Mahmoud. 

1  have  now  gone  ihrough  every  fact 
quoted  by  Mr.  Higgins  in  support 
of  his  extraordinary  work.  I  shall  not 
reply  to  the  passages  wherein  Christi- 
anity is  so  improperly  brought  in,  be- 
cause, as  a  lover  of  the  Scriptures  and 
a  believer  in  them,  I  can  admit  no 
other  feeling  than  that  of  profound  pity 
for  the  mind  which  can  thus  think  and 
argue.  Free  discussion,  and  entire  li- 
berty of  opinion  are  open  to  everyliberal 
mind  ;  but  it  has  ever  been  esteemed  a 
maik  of  good  taste  as  well  as  of  good 
policy,  to  abstain  from  such  outrageous 
remarks  as  Mr.  Higgins  indulges  in; 
for  they  must  create  a  distaste  and  dis- 
like to  himself  and  his  works  with  every 
Christian  mind. 

I  now  leave  Mr.  Higgins*s  remarks 
to  the  reader's  own  judgment,  merely 
saying,  that  few  events  could  give  me 
a  sincerer  pleasure  than  to  see  Mr. 
Higgins  more  cautious  of  disseminat- 
ing his  opinions  (if  unhappily  he  will 
still  hold  them),  firmly  believing  that 
if  he  will  only  fairly  read  his  Bible,  he 
will  find,  what  has  long  been  testified 
by  the  most  learned  and  distinguished 
scholars,  that  it  contains  more  genuine 
and  faithful  history  ihan  all  the  books 
of  antiquity  put  together. 

Yours,  &c.  Edw.  Upham. 

Mr.  Urbait,  Jan,  1. 

THE  commencement  of  the  de- 
struction of  St.  Dunstan's  Church 
in  Fleet- street  has  induced  me  to  offer 
a  few  observations  on  the  shameless 
and  indecorous  violation  of  the  sepul- 
chres of  the  departed,  which  has  been 
committed  in  the  Metropolis  during 
the  last  few  years,  a  subject  on  which 
the  press  has  been  most  negligently 
silent. 

A  feeling  of  respect  for  the  rest- 
ing places  of  the  dead  has  been  in- 
herent in  the  human  breast  in  all  ages 
savage  and  civilized  ;  it  ts  a  feeling  so 
natural  aod  universal,  that  I  fear  pot 
to  appeal  to  it,  even  in  a  heart  which 


has  felt  and  suffered  from  the  chill- 
ing effects  of  modern  liberalism.  I 
should  not  fear  to  rely  on  the  lo- 
lemn  and  excellent  service  of  our 
Church,  which  is  used  on  the  conte- 
cration  of  churches  and  buryiug- 
grounds,  did  I  not  expect  to  meet  the 
sneer  of  the  infidel  and  the  schismaticw 
and  be  told  that  such  obsolete  rites  did 
not  suit  the  improved  knowledge  of 
the  day, — that  tne  march  of  tatelli- 
gence  and  the  developement  of  intel- 
lect had  divested  such  ceremonies  of 
their  charm,  and  that  I  must  direct  ar- 
guments founded  on  such  a  source  only 
to  the  bigotted  and  the  besotted.  As 
the  readers,  however,  of  the  Gentle- 
man's  Magazine  are,  for  the  most  part, 
churchmen,  I  do  not  hesitate  to  make 
even  this  appeal,  and  with  this  view  1 
vfill  introduce  a  portion  of  the  prayer 
used  by  his  Grace  the  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  on  the  consecration  of 
Trinity  Church,  Surrey  Cmy  own  pa- 
rish church) ; 

*'  O  eternal  God,  mighty  in  powtr,  and 
of  majesty  incomprehensible,  whom  the 
heaven  of  heavens  cannot  contain,  rnvmh. 
leu  the  walls  of  temples  made  with  hands, 
and  who  yet  has  been  graciously  pleased  to 
promise  thy  especial  presence  in  whatever 
place  even  two  or  three  of  thy  fiuthful  ser- 
vants shall  assemble  in  thy  name  to  offsr 
their  supplications  and  their  praises  to  thee ; 
vouchsafe,  O  Lord,  to  be  now  present  with 
us  who  are  gathered  here  togetner  to  oonse- 
erate  this  place,  with  ail  humility  and  readi- 
ness of  heart,  to  the  honour  of  thy  great 
name,  separating  it  henceforth  from  ail  vn- 
hallowedy  ordinary,  and  common  vses,  dedi' 
eating  it  entirely  to  thy  service,  for  reading 
therein  thy  most  holy  word,  for  celebrating 
thy  holy  sacraments,  for  oflfering  to  thy  glo- 
rious majesty  the  sacrifice  of  prayer  and 
thanksgiving,  for  blessing  thy  people  in  thy 
name,"  &c.  &c. 

If  a  member  of  the  Establishment, 
or  perchance  of  the  Church  of  Rome, 
(a  Church,  with  all  her  errors,  still 
apostolic  on  the  main  |)oints  of  reli- 
gion,) should  read  this  prayer,  I  will 
not  anticipate  what  his  feelings  must 
be  when  he  hears  -in  what  way  such 
places  are  separated  from  unhallowed, 
ordinary,  and  common  uses,  and  dedi- 
cated entirely  to  the  service  of  the  Al- 
mighty. Appealing  to  such  a  person,  I 
could  say  that  such  a  prayer  as  that  I 
have  quoted  either  is  an  idle  form, 
amounting  almost  to  profanity,  or  it 
creates  an  imperative  duty  to  pos- 
terity to  preserve  the  building  so  con* 
seer  at  ed  to  the  uses  to  which  it  is  de- 
signed to  be  set  apart. 


18S0.] 


On  ihi  Removal  of 


15 


It  it  not  Bj  intentioa  to  oo  bejood 
a  few  ftmn  back,  or  to  traTel  for  acca- 
saiioos  out  of  the  verge  of  the  Metro- 
polis, or  I  wookl  call  your  readers' 
attention  to  the  building  a  pile  of 
warehouses  on  the  file  of  St.  Botolph's 
Churchf  BillioffSgate,  and  the  destruc- 
tion of  a  churchyard  in  York,  to  make 
an  approach  to  an  assembly  room  1  *  It 
is  sumcient  for  my  preaeot  purpose,  to 
notice  the  many  which  in  this  ase  and 
in  this  Metropolis  have  fallen  before 
the  demon  of  Improvement. 

I  will  in  the  first  place  merely 
glance  at  the  sacrilegious  destruction 
of  St.  Katharine's  Church  by  the 
Tower,  on  which  subject  you  have 
already  recorded  my  aeniiments  (xcv. 
part  ii.  39I ;  xcvi.  i.  p.  105).  I  refer 
at  the  present  time  to  this  Church,  as 
being  the  first  and  prominent  among 
the  various  acts  of  sacrilege  which  have 
given  rise  to  this  letter. 

St.  Katharine's  Church  was  destroy- 
ed for  the  sake  of  improvement,  and 
now  St.Dunstan*s  is  called  to  share 
the  same  fate ;  it  prefects  forsooth  on 
the  street ;  it  is  an  unsightly  object  to 
the  eye,  as  it  breaks  the  uniformity  of 
the  line  of  houses,  and  therefore  must 
be  built  further  back.  Part  of  the  con- 
secrated ground,  with  the  bones  of  the 
dead  accumulated  during  many  centu- 
ries, must  be  laid  into  the  street;  and  all 
this  is  done  to  please  the  eye,  to  gratify 
our  modern  notions  of  improvement, 
to  which  the  temples  of  the  Deity,  the 
vestiges  of  former  ages,  all  that  is  sa- 
cred, all  tiiat  is  holy,  all  that  is  ad- 
mired, must  ^ive  way.  If  any  act  short 
of  socinianizing  the  Liturgy  of  the 
Church,  could  disgrace  the  age,  it  is 
this  utter  contempt  of  consecrated 
things.  I  proceed,  however,  with  the 
black  catak^ue  which  I  have  to  fill  up, 
comprising  the  other  acts  of  desecration 
attendant  on  every  job,  miscalled  im- 
provement, which  has  lately  taken 
place  in  the  metropolis. 

First,  then,  for  London  bridge:— 
a  bur)'ing- ground  belonging  to  St. 
Magnus's  parish  has  been  disturbed 
and  done  away  with  on  one  side  of 
the  water;  and  on  the  other  a  portion  of 
St.  Mary  Overy*s  church  (the  Bishop's 
chapel),  which  covers  the  remains  of 
the  excellent  Bishop  Andrews,  and 
many  other  respectable  and  distin- 
guished individuals,  is  intended  to  be 
sacrificed. 

♦"The  fiot  m  neordsd  io  Alien^rifittory 
of  Yorkshire^  now  pvblishiog,  vol.  I.  4to, 
p.  4 17. 


The  new  Farringdon  market  has  re« 
movedaburying-ground  in  Shoe-lane. 

The  new  Post  Ofllice  has  displaced 
the  site  of  the  church  of  St.  Leonard 
Fotter,over  which  the  road  for  the  mails 
now  passes. 

For  the  purpose  of  making  new 
roads  at  the  sides  of  St.  Martin's  in-the- 
Fields,  the  burying-poond  has  been 
moat  annecetsarily  disturbed,  and  will 
be  converted  into  a  highway. 

When  the  Corporation  of  London 
determined  on  building  new  Courts  of 
law,  a  chapel  and  buryio^-place  attach- 
ed to  Guildhall  was  totally  destrojred. 

For  the  purpose  of  making  a  road 
from  Broad-street  into  Moorfields,  an 
old  burying-ground  was  disturbed,  and 
the  bones  were  scattered  about  in  the 
most  indecent  manner. 

These  are  the  instances  of  which  I 
complain,  and  surely  this  list  is  enough 
to  raise  the  indignation  of  all  who 
have  any  veneration  for  sacred  things, 
or  any  feeling  of  respect  for  the  se- 
pulchres of  their  departed  kindred  and 
countrymen.  Every  improvement  (so 
called)  has  effected  an  act  of  desecra- 
tion, and  if  all  the  jobs  contemplated 
in  and  about  the  city  are  carried  into 
execotion,  the  catalogue  will  be  in- 
creased to  a  fearful  extent.  That  the 
hierarchy  should  have  4ooked  c^uieily 
on,  during  the  constant  repetition  of 
soch  events,  is  a  matter  of  painful 
surprise  to  the  sincere  churchman. 
The  extent  to  which  the  destruction 
has  been  carried  might  not  be  foreseen; 
if  it  had  I  cannot  but  believe  that  its 
progress  would  have  been  arrested. 

Another  evil  of  the  same  nature  is 
so  apparent  in  the  Metropolis,  that  I 
cannot  pass  over  it  unnoticed ;  in  some 
parishes  the  burjring-grounds  have 
been  added  to  the  highways  and  paved; 
over  these  places  the  passenger  walks, 
little  thinking  that  under  his  feet  lies 
many  a  recently  interred  corpse.  I 
have  seen  the  common  street  pavement 
removed,  a  grave  dug,  a  corpse  interred, 
and  the  pavement  laid  down  without 
a  single  trace  to  mark  the  inhumation. 
For  tne  information  of  those  who  are 
lest  acquainted  with  the  Metropolis 
than  myself,  I  could  particularly  notice 
the  church-yard  of  St.  Mary  Ab- 
charch,  the  site  of  St.  Margaret  Moses, 
and  a  piece  of  the  pavement  at  the 
west  end  of  St.  Andrew  Undershaft. 

Having  pointed  outNhe  instances 
which  eave  rise  to  this  complaint,  and 
which  I  have  done  as  the  subjects  oc- 
cnrrcd  to  me,  and  not  in  strict  chroo 


16 


WardmoieM  %n  Churchet.^Hexham  AhUy  aturch.  [Jan. 


nplogical  order,  allow  me  to  call  yoar 
readers'  attention  to  the  chief  object 
of  ihe  communication,  viz.  to  prerrnt, 
if  possible,  the  repetition  of  the  evil  in 
future  cases,  which,  if  it  in  the  least 
tends  to  eflftrct,  will  afibrd  the  writer 
greater  satisfaction  than  the  task  of 
recording  past  evils,  which  can  never 
be  remedied,  but  which  are  still  useful 
as  beacons  to  guard  against  a  recurrence 
of  similar  circumstances. 

A  portion  of  the  church  and  bory- 
ing-ground  of  Su  Anne,  Aldersgate, 
it  threatened,  and  that  for  the  purpose 
of  making  an  unnecessary  road  lo  the 
new  Post  Office,  merely  for  show  and 
effect,  to  display  a  building  which  had 
far  belter  have  been  hidden. 

The  approaches  to  London  bridge,  and 
the  new  sireetsconsequent  thereon, %vill, 
if  made,  interfere  wiih  more  than  one 
church.  St.  Michael's,  Crooked-lane, 
is  in  danger,  and  the  burying-gtound 
of  St.  Olaves,  Souihwark,  is  not  likely 
to  escape.  Join  me,  Mr.  Urban,  there- 
fore, and  add  your  protest  against  any 
future  destruction,  and  lei  me  hope  that 
it  will  not  be  unheard  in  that  quarter 
where  the  appeal  can  be  attended  to. 

I  intended  to  have  closed  my  letter 
here,  but  almost  while  writing  it,  an- 
other and  more  common  desecration 
of  existing  churches  has  occurred   lo 
my  observation  ;  this  is  occasioned   by 
the  annual  election  of  Common  Coun- 
cilmen  for  the  wards  of  the  ciiy  of 
London,  a  species  of  assembly    which 
is  perfectly  secular,  and  at  which  much 
ill   blood  is  usually  shewn.       These 
meetinesare  generally  held  in  churches; 
why,   1  would   ask,  is  this  allowed  ? 
has  the  Lord  Bishop  of  London    no 
power  to  prevent  the  abuse,  or,  know- 
ing it,  does  lie  sanction  it.      In  one 
parish  and  one  ward  the  evil  has  been 
prevented,  but  apparently  more  out  of 
regard   to  the  damage  the  pews  sus- 
tained  than  to  any  respect  for  the  vio- 
lated sanctity  of  the  building.     If  a 
rule  is  made,  why  is  it  not  a  general 
rule  ?  is  the  church  of  St.  Bride  or  St. 
Andrew  more  holy  than  St.  Boiolph 
or  any  other  ?     If  such  a  rule  is  made 
for  one  parish  and  one  ward,  why  is  it 
not  extended  to  the  entire  city.     The 
evil  is  likely  in  future  to  increase  ra- 
ther than  to  diminish,   inasmuch   as 
many  Halls  (the  Salters',  for  instance), 
in  which  such  meetings  have  been  for- 
merly held,  having  been  rebuilt  or  re- 
paired,  have  been  refuted  to  the  elec- 
tors.   A  building  dedicated  to  the  pur- 
poses of  feasting  and  excess  is  deemed 


too  good  to  hold  tnch  atsemUtet  in,  yet 
the  chorch  it  allovred  to  be  profaned 
by  the  admission  of  an  assembly  whidi 
the  halls  of  revelry  have  rejected. 
Yours,  &c.  E.  I.  C. 

Mr.  Urbait,      ^'T  ^"^*''  ^^' 

N  nam,  Jan.  4. 

O  buildins  has  suffered  more  from 
being  "  church  wardenized,'*  than 
the  fine  old  Church  of  Hexham ;  and  it 
is  allowed  that  no  building  in  the  king- 
dom  presents  so  fine  a  specimen  of  the 
latter  Norman  style.*  The  good  taste 
and  liberality  with  which  the  present 
impropriator  is  restoring  the  great 
eastern  window,  induces  me,  through 
the  medium  of  your  valuable  publica- 
tion, to  suggest  an  improvement,  and, 
as  far  as  possible,  to  restore  those  paru 
to  their  pristine  state  which  have  been 
altered,  or  odded,  by  the  bad  taste  or 
ignorance  of  those  who  had  the  direc- 
tion. I  allude  more  particularly  to 
the  alur:  this  is  formed  by  wooden 
panels,  in  the  centre  of  which  are  two 
incongruous  pillars  of  the  Composite 
order ;  on  each  side  of  these,  the  De- 
calogue is  painted,  and  between,  a  fan- 
ciful wreath  of  flowers,  which  ill  ac- 
cords wiih  the  solemnity  of  the  place, 
and  the  whole  with  the  grandeur  of 
the  building. 

Behind  this  screen,  and  supporting 
the  base  of  the  great  window,  are  some 
fine  Pointed  arches ;  and  I  beg  to  sug- 
gest to  those  who  have  the  direction, 
to  remove  the  wood  work,  and  leave 
the  arches  lo  form  the  altar,— it  would 
then  be  in  harmony  with  the  original 
building,  and  they  would  elicit  the 
thanks  of  every  antiquary. 

It  was  slated   by  a  writer   in   the 
Quarterly  Review,  that  it  was  to  be 
regretted  there  were  no  funds  set  aside 
by  Government,  for  the  restoration  of 
our  national  edifices,  when  there  was 
no  church  property  for  that  purpose, 
or  the  parish  was  too  much  oppressed 
by  poor  rates  to  do  it;  and  he  particu- 
larized  Hexham.    To  expect  the  Go- 
vernment to  do  it,  under  the  depressed 
slate   of  the   country,    would  be   too 
much,  and  to  expect  it  from  indivi- 
duals whose  taste  or  pursuits  are  at  va- 
riance, is  equally  so;  but,  if  the  time 
come  when  the  means  can  be  accom- 
plished, I  hope  this  venerable  pile  will 
not  be  forgotten.     The  late  lecturer, 

•  S««  »  w'mw  of  Hexham  Church,  io  vol. 
Lxxvii.  p.  1097  I  tad  aa  accouat  of  it,  ia 
vol.  XXV.  p.  «97. 


?t  -  .  '. 


f 


18S0.] 


H^ham  Chwrchj^Rmnan  Filla  at  PUneif. 


17 


the  Rev.  Rol>ort  CInrke,  did  much  to 
this  building,  and,  had  he  not  bcea 
"cut  off  in  the  midst  of  his  days," 
much  more  would  have  beco  done,— • 
his  inchnation  and  hit  means  were  in 
unison,  and  not  only  the  church,  but 
the  poor,  lost  in  him  a  friend  and  be- 
oefacior. 

The  church  suffered  mteh  in  th« 
13th  eeptary,  from  the  incurtioai  of 
the  Scott,  when  the  iwai  wia^  or 
nave  wm  dcttroyttf;  hot  it  hm  nifiered 
more  by  the  barbarism  of  the  inhabiu 
ants !  The  north  trakiacpt  wai  made 
the  entrance ;  a  door  hat  been  placed 
in  it,  in  humble  imitaiion  of  CM  Do* 
ric !  Galleries  are  placed  without  irai* 
formiiy,  between  the  pillare  of  the 
choir;  the  capitals  of  the  piilnrs,  and 
the  fine  old  oaken  stalh,  are  cut  to  suit 
the  couTenience  of  thoie  who  erected 
them ;  buildings  havo  been  surrrpti- 
tioufU  placed  against  the  church,  so 
as  to  hide  it  from  pubKe  view,  and  the 
only  entrance  from  tbc  market  place 
is  through  a  pamgb  which  would 
disgrace  a  conmofi  manufactory! 
About  the  Tear  ]797«  •  bond  was 
raised  by  a  *' brief,"  Co  build  two  abut- 
ments, ice,  to  sopporlthe  tower  to  the 
west ;  coold  not  ine  tame  be  adopted 
at  presenC'to  reitore  what  the  parish 
is  unable  to  do  ?  *  We  Tenerate  the 
character  of  thoio  who  added  to  our 
national  building!  in  tllf  middle  ages, 
—is  the  present  generation,  who  have 
the  ability,  indifferent  to  the  praises  of 

r»»teriiy?     I  am  fearfal,  Mr.  Urban, 
trespass  on  yonr  ?aliiable  pages,  or 
nnich  might  he  said  OA  ihe  subject. 
Yuors,  &c.  Hbxhamkxsis. 


Mr.  Urban, 


Slourhrad, 
Dec,  10,  i«s>9. 

SOME  time  ago  (ace,Gent.  Mag.  for 
Aug.  18?7,)  1  communicated  to 
you  an  account  of  a  Roman  mosaic 
pavement  at  Littleton,  near-Somerton, 
CO.  Somerset,  discovered  by  Mr.  H»selK 
«>n  his  own  grounds,  of  which  you  en- 
graved the  ground- plan ;  and  I  now 
tend  you  an  account  of  another  villa, 
more  worthy  of  notice,  at  Pitney,  in 

*  From  (he  dangerous  suta  of  tlie  eut 
end  of  the  quire,  it  has  been  taken  dowo^^ 
and  a  fine  vindow  placed  in  it  liy  Mrs.  Beau* 
aaooK*  the  lady  of  the  manor  of  Hexham. 
It  is  after  the  design  of  the  late  window, 
which  VIS  not  older  than  the  Reformation ; 
bat  its  ornaments  correspond  more  with  the 
style  of  the  original  building. 

OtiiT.  Mao.  January f  1 830. 


Um  tame  neighbourhood,  of  which  a 
very  imperfect  account  appeared  some 
lime  ago  in  the  public  papers. 

This  fioa  rilla  extends  above  300 
feet  in  length.  lit  form  it  an  oblong 
square,  turrotmded  by  buildings,  officct, 
baths,  &c.  the  principal  apartroenta 
facing  the  west,  and  having  an  exten- 
•ivo  affft-wilhin. 

Fivo  affjoining  roomi  are  decorated 
with  noiaic  floon,  in  yeiy  food  pre- 
iervatioOf  No.  I,  9.  3,  4,  5.  The 
taoie  tub|ect  it  cootinwd  in  1,3,  and 
4 1  and  that  subject  it  so  unlike  aap^ 
other  that  haa  been  chosen,  that  tt 
dcaervea  oor  particular  attention. 

In  almost  all  the  mosaic  pavementa 
hitherto  discovered  in  Britain,  we  oe- 
nerally  find  figoret  alluding  to  uie 
heathen  mythology,  with  arabetooei 
of  birdt,  fi»h,  beaau,  and  foliaae.  Tho 
fignret  of  Bacchut  and  Mednaa  ara 
the  mott  frequent,  u  in  the  fine  pave- 
mentt  at  Bramdean,  in  Hantt,  and  at 
Thruxton,  at  the  Utter  of  which  ia 
an  inscription.*  But  in  the  pavemtnt 
at  Pitney  we  have  a  British  story, 
alluding  to  the  mines,  smelting,  and 
coining. 

It  is  generally  supposed  that  the  Ro- 
mans, after  the  conquest  of  Britaia, 
were  very  diligent  in  exploring  the 
miiierals  of  our  island  ;  and,  aUboogli 
we  know  not  of  any  mines  in  tiM  im- 
mediate neighbourhood  of  Pitnay,  yet 
they  are  found  in  great  abuodanca  ia 
the  adjoining  hills  of  Mendip. 

In  the  small  room.  No.  1,  we  arc 
a  young  man  striking  with  fury  at  the 
hydra  (v^vf),  as  we  all  know  that 
teaier  is  the  greatest  enemy  to  mines. 

No.  3,  contains  an  elegant  arabcsqae 
pattern. 

No.  3,  is  the  grand  apartment,  and 
I  may  safely  pronounce  it  tifit^sie,  for 
it  contains  within  a  square  aint  whole- 
length  figures  ^tn  eoaapaTtmcnts),  of 
abmit  four  feet  in-heigbt. 

I  imagine  that  the  central  figure  ia 
ihe  owner  of  the  villa,  holding  a  enp 
^  coivin  hit  hand  to  pay  his  depencl- 
ants.  The  figures  are  male  and  female 
alternate,  holding  in  their  hands  the 
differenc  instruments  still  in  use  for 
smeliini^'ore,  such  as  rakes,  forks, 
pineers,  and  long  iron  rods,  crooked 
and  straight ;  also  canisters,  or  smelt- 
ing pots,  from  which  coin  is  dropping. 

Adjoining  to  this  apartment  is  an- 

*  See  vol.  xciii.  ii.  p.  280. 


18 


Ri$9  and  Progress  of  Stage-Coach  Travellmg. 


y 


other.  No.  4,  of  smaller  proportions, 
and  differing  in  design  though  not  in 
subject ;  for  the  four  square  compart- 
ments (one  of  which  has  been  de- 
stroyed), represent  winged  boys  dancing 
and  carrying  along  the  canisters  of 
coin,  suspended  on  crooked  iron  rods, 
rake,  pincers.  Sec. 

There  is  another  small  apartment 
adjoining  No.  4,  which  has  only  a 
simple  mosaic  pavement.  The  tessellae 
of  those  ravements  are  composed  of 
white,  buflr,  blue  lias  stone,  and  brick. 

The  village  of  Pitney  adjoins  that 
of  Littleton,  near  Somerton,  where 
numerous  remains  of  the  Roman  sera 
have  been  found,  and  is  situated  at  a 
short  distance  from  the  Roman  road 
leading  from  Iscalis  (Ilchester)  to  Street 
and  Glastonbury;  and  the  whole  of 
these  important  discoveries,  and  their 
preservation,  are  due  to  the  zeal  of 
damuel  Hasell,  Esq.  of  Littleton,  by 
whose  means  I  have  had  very  correct 
drawings  made  of  all  these  fine  mosaic 
pavements.  R.  C.  H. 

S/affordihire  Moorlands, 
Mr.  Urban,      December  28. 

IN  Vol.  XX.  of  the  *•  Archaeologia*' 
there  is  an  interesting  paper  by 
J.  H.  Markland,  Esq.  on  the  early  use  of 
carriages  in  England,  which  traces  the 
vehicular  mode  of  conveyance,  very 
clearly  and  circumstantially,  from  its 
origin.  One  branch  of  the  inquiry, 
however,  as  it  did  not  form  part  of  his 
object  to  examine  into  it  minutely, 
he  has  touched  upon  but  slightly :  viz. 
the  rise  and  progress  of  those  public 
conveyances  commonly  called  Stase- 
ooaches:  and  the  following  materials 
may,  therefore,  not  be  without  their 
use  towards  a  further  illustration  of 
the  subject. 

Stage-coaches  (in  the  present  sense 
of  the  term)  seem  to  have  been  first 
used  about  the  middle  of  the  seven- 
teenth century ;  for  the  earliest  men- 
tion of  them  adduced  by  Mr.  Mark- 
land  (and  I  have  met  with  none  of 
remoter  date)  occurs  in  an  extract  from 
•*  Dusdale's  Diary,"  communicated  by 
Mr.  Hamper,  in  which  he  mentions 
his  travelling  to  London  by  the  Co- 
ventry coach,  in  l6^,  and  his  daughter 
by  the  Coventry  waggon,  in  \66o.  At 
this  period  indeed,  and  lone  after,  the 
use  of  coaches  was  confined  to  people 
of  the  higher  class,  those  of  a  meaner 
tort  being  content  to  travel  more  slowly 
by  the  caravans  or  ttage-waggons»  spo- 


ken of  by  Stowe  as  a  comnion  mode 
of  conveyance  circa  1660»  and  which 
carried  twenty  or  thirty  persons.  In 
the  fragment  of  Dr.  Johnson's  Aoto- 
Biography,  published  by  Wright,  of 
Lichfield,  he  tells  us,  that  "  when 
taken  to  London  by  his  mother,  in 
171 1,  to  be  touched  for  the  evil,  they 
travelled  thither  by  the  coach;  but, 
from  considerations  of  economy,  re- 
turned home  in  a  waggon*"  This 
cumbrous  vehicle,  the  appearance  oC 
which   has  been  perpetuated  by  Ho- 

farth  (in  his  "  Harlot's  Progress.- 
'late  1.),  continued  to  be  generally 
resorted  to,  till  towards  the  close  of 
the  last  century,  by  the  lower  orders 
of  country  people  who  visited  London; 
but  I  believe  the  stage-coaches,  by  their 
number  and  cheapness,  have  now  al- 
most completely  superseded  it. 

How  long  after  their  introduction 
coaches  remained  without  the  luxury 
of  springs,  does  not  exactly  appear; 
but  that  this  addition  was  somewhat 
of  a  novelty  in  1703,  may  be  inferred 
from  a  passage  in  Baker's  Comedy, 
called  "  iunbridge  Walks,**  published 
in  that  year,  wherein  Maiden,  an  ef- 
feminate fellow,  observes,  ••  Some 
people  are  fond  of  a  horse:  £  wonder 
what  pleasure  there  is  in  jumbling 
one's  bones  to  a  jelly  ?  But  I  love  a 
fpring-chariot ! "  In  fact,  a  journey  of 
fifty  miles,  over  the  roads  of  those  days, 
in  a  carriage  without  springs,  must 
have  been  no  slight  undertaking.  Mr. 
Markland  cites  a  letter  from  Edward 
Parker  to  his  father,  dated  Nov.  l663, 
descriptive  of  his  progress  to  London 
by  the  •*  coatch,"  in  which  he  says  :— 
**  Y*  company  y*  came  up  w*^  mee 
were  persons  of  greate  quality,  as 
Knights  and  Ladyes;  but  my  journey 
was  noe  ways  pleasant,  being  forced  lo 
ride  in  the  boote  all  the  waye,  w^ 
hath  so  indisposed  mee,  )*  I  am  re- 
solved never  to  ride  up  againe  in  }* 
coatch." 

The  *'  boote"  here  mentioned,  which 
roust  not  be  confounded  with  the  ap- 
pendage so  called  at  present,  was  a 
projection  on  either  side  of  the  vehicle, 
in  which  a  pas«ent:er  sat  on  a  stool, 
with  his  face  to  the  window,  if,  in- 
deed, windows  were  known  in  our 
early  coaches.  It  is  depicted  in  one 
of  the  plates  accompanying;  Mr.  Mark- 
laud's  Essay,  and  sf)meihing  of  the 
kind  seems  to  be  still  retained  in  the 
state-coaches  used  by  the  Speaker  of 
the  House  of  Commons  and  the  Lord 


1830.]  Rue  and  Progren  qf  Siagt'Coaeh  TrtnelUng. 


19 


Major  of  London.  This  inconmo* 
diout  titoaiion,  for  which  a  lower  fare 
wat  probably  required,  gave  place  to 
the  clumsy  batkei,  which  many  readers 
will  recollect,  and  which  thlote  who 
do  not,  may  tee  faithfully  represented 
in  one  of  Middi man's  \  iews  "  Near 
Bath,  I786."« 

Previously  to  the  consolidation  of  the 
various  partial  AcU  for  their  repair, 
which  h«l  been  passed  at  intervals 
from  the  time  of  Charles  II.  the  sUte 
of  the  roads  presented  an  insuperable 
obstacle  to  the  swift  progress  of  stages, 
three  or  four  miles  an  hour  being  es- 
teemed verv  resjiectable  travelling,  and 
a  journey  by  night  a  thing  unlhought 
of.  The  rise  aiid  progress  of  our  high- 
ways, distinguished  from  the  Roman 
roads,  would  be  a  subject  of  investiga- 
tion curious  and  almost  untouched. 
The  irregular  and  ill-judged  course  of 
the  greater  part  of  them,  climbing  hills 
which  might  have  been  avoided,  and 
winding  over  morasses  when  solid 
ground  might  have  been  chosen,  irre- 
sistiblv  suggests  the  conclusion,  that 
their  nrst  formation  was  entirely  fortu- 
itous, and  the  completion  gradual.  As 
population  increased,  tracks  were  worn 
from  one  farm-house  to  another,  and 
from  one  villaM  to  the  neighbouring 
bam  let :  mutual  convenience  impelled 
those  who  traversed  them  to  combine 
in  improving  their  means  of  commu- 
nication, and  thus  by  degrees  arose  our 
public  roads.  The  most  frequented  of 
these  were  long  kept  in  repair  simply 
by  rates,  levied  from  time  to  time, 
upon  the  principal  landholders  of  the 
neigh bournood ;  but  the  inadequacy  of 
this  system,  to  insure  a  uniform  and 
thorough  repair  of  the  highways,  need 
not  be  pointed  out.  *  The  vilest  cross- 
roads or  the  present  day  afford,  I  sus- 
pect, but  a. faint  idea  of  the  state  in 
which  those  most  frequented  were  suf- 
fered to  exist  in  the  seventeenth  cen- 
titry;  and  it  is  told  in  Lincolnshire, 
that  even  so  late  as  1760,  when  Lord 
Brownlow  Bertie  was  a  candidate  to 
represent  the  county,  he  canvassed  it 
entirely  on  horseback,  many  of  the 
roads  being  quite  impassable  bv  wheels. 

A  lively  notion  of  the  delays  and 
dangers  to  which  travellers  in  carriages 
were  formerly  exposed,  may  be  ga- 
thered from  the  details  given  by  Mr. 

*  Jonson,  in  "  Every  Man  out  <^  his 
Huasev/'  ftykt  FkHidums  Brisk  «  a  good 
property  to  parfuBM  the  tool  of  a  coach?* 


Mark  land ;  and  varioot  additional  par- 
ticulars will  be  found  in  some  extracts 
from  Lord  Clarendon's  Correspond- 
ence (Gent.  Mag.  vol.  xcviii.  i.  p. 
999).  Referring  to  his  Lordship's  Let- 
ters, I  find  one  dated  from  Newport, 
in  Shropshire,  93  Dec.  iGSS,  deUiling 
his  progress  to  Holyhead,  in  which  he 
safs:— "  We  are  now  uking  coach  for 
Whitchurch,  where  we  are  to  lodge 
at  night.  It  is  but  fifteen  miles  from 
hence;  but  the  other  fourteen  from 
thence  to  Chester  are  so  bad  way,  that 
all  people  tell  me  it  will  be  a  sufficient 
dava  journey  for  to-morrow."  In  a 
subsequent  letter,  dated  on  New-Year*s 
Day,  l68|,  he  says:—*'  The  coach 
carried  us  to  Bangor,  where  we  ferried 
over  into  Anglesey,  and  then  put  my 
wife  into  the  litter  again,  for  never 
was,  or  can  come,  a  coach  into  that 
part  of  the  country."  Little  did  hii 
Lordship  anticipate  the  wonders  of  the 
Menai  Bridge,  and  the  achievementt 
of  the  Holyhead  Road  Commissioners ! 

From  his  remarks,  in  a  private  part 
of  the  correspondence,  we  may  gather 
that  the  roads  in  Staffordshire  and 
Warwickshire  (which  he  styles  **  two 
noble  counties**)  were  then  in  a  better 
condition  than  in  most  other  parts  of 
the  kingdom.  And  Dr.  Plot,  writing 
about  the  same  time,  asserts  that  those 
of  the  former  were  **  universally  good, 
except  in  the  most  northerly  parts  of 
the  Moorelandsi  so  that  'tis  reported 
King  James,  speaking  jocularly  of  the 
county,  should  say,  '  Twas  fit  only  to 
be  cut  into  thongs,  to  make  highways 
for  the  rest  of  tne  kingdom ! "  Nn- 
roerous  additional  proofs  of  the  al- 
most impassable  state  of  most  roads, 
by  vehicles,  a  century  or  two  ago» 
especially  in  the  winter  season,  might 
readily  be  adduced,  but  it  is  needless 
to  swell  this  article  with  more.  The 
subject  will  be  found  sufficiently  and 
most  happily  illustrated  in  the  ani- 
mated description  of  the  Wronghead 
family's  expedition  to  the  metropolis, 
given  by  John  Moody,  in  Vanbrugh's 
'*  Journey  to  London.'' 

To  return,  however,  tostag^-coaehes, 
the  various  conveniences  of  which  seem 
to  have  been  soon  appreciated,  for  their 
nomben  rapidly  increased ;  and,  in  ad- 
dition to  the  Coventry  coach,  1659, 
Dugdale  (Diary)  mentions,  on  the  same 
line  of  road,  that  of  Aylesbury,  l669; 
St.  Alban's,  1663 ;  Chester,  1&77 ;  Bir- 
mingham, 1679;  *nd  Bedford,  168O; 
though  whether  lie  alludes  to  distinct 


fp 


^iie  and  Pfagrcu  of  Stage^Cdach  TrweUmg. 


[ijm. 


Y«hidci^  oir  tnerely  to  one  which  passed 
through  th«  several  townS»  does  not 
clearly  appear.  The  fallest  list  of  the 
early  stages  occurs  in  Delaane*s  '*  Ao- 
cotfnt  of  Londbo,"  1671  (see  vol.  xcix. 
ti.  p.  485),  a  comparisoo  of  which  with 
one  for  1839,  presents  a  strange  con- 
trast Under  the  head  of  Coventry  he 
names  hut  one,  which  was,  apparently, 
•two  or  three  days  on  ihe  road,  and  was 
fierhaps  that  by  which  Dugdale  tra- 
Telled.  "  William  Mitchers  Coach- 
Wagon  comfes  to  the  Bell-Sarage  on 
Ludgate  Hill  on  Friday,  goes  out  on 
Satorday."  With  the  improvement  of 
the  roads,  however,  the  coaches  began 
to  improve  their  speed,  the  progressive 
increase  of  which,  and  various  other 
particulars,  may  be  gathered  from  the 
aabjoined  advertisements.  The  first  is 
from  No.  400  of  "  The  Spectator," 
orig.  edit. 

«  A  Coaoh  &  Six  Able  Horses  will  be  at 
liie  Ofie  Bell  ia  the  Strand,  tomorrow,  being 
ToMday,  the  10th  of  this  inttant  June, 
n  71829  bound  for  Exon,  Ply  month,  and 
Falmouth^  where  til  penons  shall  be  Idndly 
lued." 

About  this  period,  the  dwellers  on 
the  North  Road  were  surprised  by  the 
phenomenon  of  a  vehicle  which  tra» 
versed  the  distance  between  London 
and  Edinburgh  in  the  brief  space  of  a 
fortnight.  The  commencement  of  this 
iurprising  novelty  was  thus  announced 
in  the  "  Newcastle  Conrant/'  October, 

«*  Edinburgh,  Berwick,  Newcastle,  Dni^ 
ham^  and  London  Stage-Coacb,  begins  on 
Monday,  the  1 8  Oct.  1712.  All  that  desire 
to  pass  from  Ediobro'  to  London,  or  from 
london  to  Edbbro*,  or  any  place  on  that 
voad,  let  them  repair  to  Mr.  John  Baillie's, 
at  the  Coach  &  Horses,  at  the  Head  of  the 
Ca&noneate,  Edinbro',  every  other  Saturday, 
'or  to  the  Black  Swan,  in  Holbom,  every 
other  Monday,  at  both  of  which  places  they 
nay  be  received  in  a  Stage-Coach,  which 
petrorms  thto  whob  jonraev  la  thirteen  days, 
without  any  stoppage,  (if  God  permit)  havioe 
aigh^  nUe  horses  to  perform  the  whole 
atage.  Each  pMseaser  paying  £a,  10  for 
the  whole  journey,  allowing  each  paseeager 
SOlbs.  weight,  and  ell  above  to  psy  6d.  per 
pound.  The  Coach  sets  off  at  six  ki  the 
nomine.    Performed  by 

<'HiifRYHARaisoN,    RoBT.GAaai, 
«« NiCH.  SpiiouLj        Rich.  Croft." 

It  has  been  noticed  above  that,  in 
ibe  reign  of  Charles  IL,  the  York 
ooach  was  fourteen  days  on  its  way  to 
the  metropoUi,  a  statement  perhaps 
fpmewhai  exaggerated^  or  apfdicable 


to  the  winter  season  only.  But  even 
so  recently  at  1734, 1  find  the  writer 
of  a  work,  entitled  **  A  Journey  from 
London  to  Scarborough,*'  including 
among  the  remarkable  things  he  met 
with,  a  coach  which  performed  the 
distance  in  four  days,  the  progress  of 
which  he  thus  circumstantially  de^ 
tcriUes : 

**  The  York  Coach  coes  from  the  Swan 
Inn,  Holbom,  &  from  the  Red  Lion  Inn,  in 
Oray's-lnn  Lane,  Mondays,  Wednesdays,  & 
Fridisys,  in  four  days,  at  4  Of.  per  Passenger. 
The  fim  stagey  Biggleswade  in  Bedford- 
shire; the  second,  Stamford  in  Lincola- 
shire ;  the  third,  Barnby  Moor  in  Yorkshire 
[Notts.];  &  the  bst  day  you  reach  York." 

Thirty  years  later,  a  still  further  in- 
crease of  speed  had  taken  place  on  this 
road,  as  appears  by  a  paragraph  in  the 
'*  Scots'  Magazine,"  Jan.  I765,  p.  54: 

**  Flying  Pott-Coaches  have  lately  been 
established  to  go  between  Newcastle  and 
London.  A  eoach  sets  out  from  either  place 
every  Monday,  Wednesday,  and  Friday,  at 
fiiur  o'clock  in  ihe  morning,  and  makes  the 
journey  in  three  days  t  carries  six  inttde  pas- 
sengers, each  paying  Sd,  a  mile,  and  allowed 
14  lbs.  of  baggage ;  and  they  carry  no  outside 
passengers." 

The  Shrewsbury  coaches  now  reach 
London,  a  distance  of  I60  miles,  in 
seventeen  or  eighteen  hours ;  but  in 
the  "  Shrewsbury  Chronicle,"  for  1774, 
frequent  edteriisements  occur  of  the 
only  two  coaches  which  then  left  the 
place,  called  *•  The  Old  Machine," 
and  "  The  New  Machine,'*  and  which 
*'  performed  the  jonrney  (God  permit- 
ting) in  two  davs  and  one  night.** 
They  stopped  for  Meakfast  at  Wolver- 
hampton; for  dinner  at  Coventry;  and 
oasaed  the  night  at  Dunchnrch.  ''The 
New  Machine"  possessed  the  advtto- 
tage  of  **  steel  sprinos." 

In  Nov.  1826,  died  at  Hounslow, 
set.  seventy,  Fagg,  the  great  coach- 
owner,  who  was  once  the  proprietor  of 
the  only  Southampton  coach,  which 
then  took  two  days  to  perform  the 
journey,  staying  all  night  at  Farnham. 

The  advance,  however,  which  has 
taken  place  in  coaeh  travelling,  is  not 
attributable  solely  to  driving  at  an  in- 
creased speed,  but  in  a  great  degree  to  the 
improved  system  of  changing  horses  $ 
and,  above  all»  to  the  avoidance  of  on<- 
necelsary  stoppages.  As  to  the  opera- 
tion of  changing  horses,  it  now  occu- 
pies about  a  minute,  the  animals  being 
kept  in  waiting  for  the  arrival  of  tht 
coach,  and  put  to  with  surprbiog  dts^ 


X830.2 


Rite  and  Progresi  •/  Siagt'Couch  TfovtUing. 


^1 


|Miieh.  Bui  I  well  remeinber,  m  most 
many  of  my  readers,  whcOy  in  ploce  of 
finding  the  norset  ready,  ihey  generally 
oame  crawling  from  the  inn-yard,  one 
•fter  another,  half-harnessed;  and  if 
ibc  journey  was  recommenced  in  ten 
or  fifteen  minules,  it  was  deemed  a 
reasonable  time.  Of  stoppages  on  the 
roftd,  except  to  take  up  or  set  down 
passepprs,  we  now  know  nothing; 
oot  thia,  too,  is  a  system  of  comparative 
novelty;  though  1  cannot  say  that, 
within  my  recollection,  delays  were 
ever  carried  to  the  shameless  extent 
described  in  the  following  extract  from 
"  The  Universal  Magazine'*  for  April, 
J  766,  p.  188: 

"  We  liMT  that  the  matter  eoaebmeii  of 
ionM  Machines  on  the  Western  Road  are 
under  uroeecution  of  several  geotleaicn  who 
were  their  passengers,  for  atopping  so  often 
and  %o  long  on  toe  road,  to  dupose  of  fish, 
Ste.  which  thej  carry  from  London,  instead 
of  making  that  expedition  tbej  undertook  to 
do,  to  the  great  injury  of  their  passengers." 

From  one  extreme  we  have  now 
arrived  at  another:  from  crawling  at 
the  snail's  pace  of  three  miles  an  hour, 
our  coaches  proceed  with  break-neck 
velocity ;  and  we  daily  read  of  steam- 
carriages,  on  rail-roads,  impelled  at  a 
rate  which  it  makes  one  giddy  but  to 
think  of  I  The  agency  of  steam,  how- 
ever, is  a  branch  of  the  subject  upon 
which  1  do  not  intend  to  enter,  hut 
shall  close  my  illustrations  with  part 
of  an  advertisement  from  "  The  Morn- 
ing Herald**  of  Nov.  17»  1895,  which, 
I  suppose,  records  the  iie  piut  ultra  of 
the  noble  art  of  driving : 

**  To  he  sold  hj  auction,  Forty  Machine 
Horses  of  that  fmX  Day  Coach  the  Noririeh 
Times,  the  admiraSton  of  every  person  who 
has  eat  behind  them,  the  genuine  property 
of,  and  driven  by,  Mr.  John  Thorogood, 
ainoe  April  1 880,  who  baa  teen  the  cities  oi 
jLoadon  and  Norwich  daily,  making  114 
miles  a-day.— N.  B.  The  greatest  feat  of 
driving  ever  known !" 

Upon  the  preceding  subject, and  upon 
the  subject  of  internal  intercourse  gene** 
rally,  much  additional  information  re* 
mains  to  be  gathered ;  nor  is  it  a  mere 
matter  of  idle  curiosity,  but  one  cal* 
eulated  strikingly  to  illustrate  the  pro- 
grese  of  society  in  civilisation  and  re* 
nnement*  I  have  aeldom  been  more 
fofcibly  imprcased  'with  the  change  (I 
know  not  whether  to  term  ii  improve* 
•ncnt)  that  has  taken  place  in  the  fre* 
queocy  of  commaniGatMin  between  in* 
nabitapu  of  dtsuot  pans,  than  1  was 


this  moroing  while  examining  aome 
copies  of  the  early  Visitation  Books*  io 
which  about  nine-tenths  of  the  mar* 
riages  recorded  are  between  parties  re* 
sident  in  the  same  or  in  adjoining 
counties;  while,  in  our  own  time, 
marriages  between  natives  of  Cumber- 
land and  Cornwall,  Shropshire  and 
Suffolk,  are  thought  as  little  remarka- 
ble as  between  those  of  Westminster 
and  Southwark.  A  treatise,  embody- 
ing all  the  facts  that  can  be  collected 
upon  the  rise  of  roads  and  canals,  with 
the  various  modes  of  conveying  goods 
and  passengers,  from  the  humble  pack 
and  saddle-horses  of  cmr  ancestora, 
down  to  the  luxurions  chariot  and 
economical  ommhus  of  modern  daya, 
would  be  a  compilation  of  no  small 
val  oe.  M  r.  M  ark  la  nd  *s  Essay  preseota 
a  solid  foundation  for  such  an  under- 
taking, and  a  little  industry  would 
furnish  the  superstructure. 

The  statistical  tracts  of  Elixabeth's 
time  abound  with  invectives  against 
that  efieaiinate  novelty  the  coocA,  some 
of  which  Mr.  Markland  has  mention- 
ed, while  others  remain  to  be  noticed. 

*'  It  was  fbrmerly  (says  Nash)  thought  a 
kiod  of  solccisme,  fie  to  fitooor  of  effeminacie, 
for  a  Tooog  gentleman  in  the  flourishing 
time  of  his  age  to  creep  into  a  eoatoh,  &  to 
shrowd  hiAself  from  wind  and  weather. 
Coetches  &  Caroches  we  left  unto  them  fbr 
wlioro  they  were  first  iouented— for  ladieat 
and  decrepit  age,  &  inpoteat  people." 

The  Water-Poet  Taylor,  also,  whose 
occupation  naturally  rendered  him  in- 
imical to  any  thing  which  he  thoiight 
cAlcnIated  to  lessen  its  iinportance  or 
decrease  its  profits,  ia  extremely  bitttr 
against  them.  His  remarks  have  been 
too  often  quoted  to  possess  much  no- 
velty, but  the  descnntion  he  givei  of 
the  sensation  excited  by  the  first  ap- 
pearance of  the  new  vehicle,  is  worth 
extracting. 

<*  A  Coach  was  a  etraunge  monsler  hi 
those  dayee,  &  the  sight  of  one  put  both 
horse  &  man  into  aawxeBSCut.  Some  said  It 
was  a  great  orabbe-sheli  broaght  oaS  af 
China  %  &  some  imagiaed  it  to  be  one  of  the 
Pegan  Temples,  in  which  the  oanihalJs  adaasd 
the  direlU,'* 

This  passage  reminds  me  of  one 
somewhat  similar  in  the  "  Memoirs 
of  Joseph  Brasbridge,**  1824,  who 
says : 

**  I  Tacolleet  the  first  hroad-wheslsd 
waggon  that  wae  ased  in  OUbrdshire,  and  a 
woadering  arowd  of  epeeiaton  it  attraetad. 
1  believe  at  that  tiaw  theia  was  not  a  poal- 


Ctmeiery  of  British  Officen  near  Baponne, 


8S 

chsise  |o  EngUwd,  exempt  two-»rhaeIed  ones. 
Lanps  to  cmrriagM  are  also  a  modern  im- 
provement. A  shepherd,  who  was  keeping 
eheep  in  the  vicinity  of  a  village  in  Oxford* 
•hire,  came  running  over,  to  say,  that  a 
frightful  monster,  with  saucer-eyes,  and 
making  a  great  blowing  noise,  was  coming 
towards  the  village.  This  monster  turned 
out  to  be  a  post-chftise  with  two  lamps  !'* 

Post-chaises  and  post- travel  ling  were 
introduced  into  England  by  Mr.  John 
Tull,  son  of  the  celebrated  writer  on 
husbandry,  for  the  former  of  which  he 
obuined  a  patent,  in  1734.  Mr.  Birch, 
coach  maker,  of  Great  Queen-street, 
Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  pve,  in  Nov. 
1825,  what  he  termed  a  jubilee  dinner, 
to  celebrate  the  circumstance  of  a 
workman  having  passed  fifty  years  in 
ihe  employ  of  himself  and  his  prede- 
cessor. On  this  occasion,  he  men- 
tioned several  curious  particulars  con- 
nected with  the  history  of  coach- 
building,  and,  among  other  circum- 
stances, stated  that  the  first  post-chaise 
used  in  England,  was  built  at  his 
house,  within  a  century  before :  it  had 
but  two  wheels,  and  opened  in  front, 
like  the  bathing-machines  used  at 
Margate  and  elsewhere. 

Hoping,  Mr.  Urban,  that  you  and 
your  readers  have  travelled  with  me 
thus  far  without  fatigue,  I  here  bee 
leave  to  terminate  our  journey,  and 
assure  you  that  I  am 

Your's,  &c. 

James  Broughtoit. 


Mr.  Urban,      Kensingion,  Nov,  6. 

ON  my  return  from  a  tour  in  Spain 
with  a  young  friend  this  last  au-. 
tumn,  I  passed  a  week  at  Bayonne; 
and  on  the  24th  Sept.  we  visited  the 
sround  which  obtained  so  much  un- 
happy celebrity  in  1814.  Crossing  the 
long  wooden  bridge  over  the  river,  we 
came  to  what  seems  a  detached  por- 
tion or  suburb  of  the  town,  though  it 
is  a  separate  municipality,  called  St. 
Esprit.  This  quarter  contains  a  great 
many  Jews.  A  fter  atcendi  ng  t\ie  steep 
road  which  leads  to  Bordeaux,  we 
struck  off  into  a  side  road  along  a 
hei2ht  to  the  right.  From  this  side 
road  we  had  a  most  commanding  pros- 
pect, which,  in  spite  of  the  cloudy, 
gloomy,  sullen  atmosphere  of  a  stormy 
nK>roing,  appeared  both  grand  and 
beautiful.  The  valley  beneath  us,  tra- 
versed by  the  windins  Adour,  present- 
ed the  whole  town  of  Bayonne.    The 


[Jan. 


narrow  vale  is  begirt  with  woods  and 
pretty   hills  ;    and    beyond,    crowned 
with  labouring  clouds,  arise  the  stu- 
pendous summits  of  the  Pyrenees.  Ad- 
vancing, we  reached  the  small  ancient 
church  of  St.  Etienne.     With  tome 
difficulty,  we  found  in  the  church-yard 
the  grave-stone  of  Mai or-Gen.  A.  Hay, 
who  was  slain  near  the  place  of  his  in* 
terment  on  the  14th  of  April,  1814,  in 
the  action  occasioned  by  a  sortie  of  the 
French  from  the  citadel  of  Bayonne, 
which  the  British  troops  then  block* 
aded.    The  French  officer  who  com<^ 
manded  in  the  ciudel  was  extremely 
averse   to  this  sortie,   which   he  was 
compelled  to  make  in  obedience  to  the 
peremptory  orders  of  Thouvenot,  his 
superior  officer,  who  commanded  in 
the  town.     After    many  brave   men 
had  been   killed  on   both  sides,  the 
French  were  repulsed.    Thouvenot,  it 
afterwards   appeared,    was    previoasly 
aware  (thougli  not  officially  informed) 
that  Napoleon's  reign  had  ended  t  and 
two  days  after  the  sortie,  the  white 
flag  of  the  Bourbons  was  displayed 
from  the  citadel.    Intelligence  of  the 
meditated  attack  was  carried  to  Gene- 
ral Hope,  the  British  commander,  by 
a  French  deserter;  but  the  General, 
in  galloping  from  his  quarters  to  the 
front  of  his  lines,  was  intercepted  and 
taken  prisoner  by  a  French  party,  in  a 
wood  which  we  afterwards  traversed. 
He  offered  his  watch  and  money  to  a 
French  seijeant  as  the  price  of  his  re- 
lease ;    but    the  seijeant  rejected  the 
offer.    On  his  way  as  a  prisoner  to  the 
citadel,  Hope  and  several  of  his  captors 
were  wounded  by  the  fire  of  the  British 
troops.    He  afterwards   sent  for  the 
French  gerjeant,  praised  his  behaviour, 
and   offered   him    as  a   testimony  of 
esteem  what  he  had  refused  to  talce  as 
a  bribe;  but  the  seijeant  declined  to 
accept  any  thing  from  a  prisoner.   This 
fine  fellow  was  rewarded  soon  after 
with  the  Cross  of  the  Legion  of  Honour. 
Returning  to  the  Bordeaux   road, 
we  had  to  traverse  another  cross-road 
in  an  opposite  direction  to  the  last,  in 
order  to  attain  the  main  object  of  our 
peregrination,  •— the  cemetery  of  the 
other  British  officers  who  fell  in  the 
Bayonne  sortie,— situated,  as  we  were 
told,  in  the  grounds  of  Monsieur  Leon, 
a  wealthy  Jew.     We  engaged  an  old 
peasant  to  guide  us;  and  he,  though 
ne  knew  w^re,  or  at  least  whereabouts 
the  cemetery  was,  had  some  difficulty 
to  find  it.    We  traversed  foul,  miry 


ttev.  D.  iri£fon*«  Reply  to  Mr.  Bowlet. 


33 


wsjty  aodadvancing  much  farther  than 
I  liad  expected,  obuined  a  view  of  the 
deboQchemeni  of  the  Adoor  into  the 
golf  of  Gaicony.  Stri  k  i  ng  oflf  from  the 
toad  into  the  grounds  of  Monsieur 
Leoo,  we  reached  a  most  romantic  se- 
qotttcrcd  region,  consistins  of  a  muUi- 
tode  of  low  furze  and  heath-clad  hills; 
on  the  side  of  one  of  which,  "  with 
thicket  orersrown,  grotesque,  and 
wild/*  we  beheld  the  cemeterv.  De- 
ft|iite  of  rain  and  mud,  we  pushed  on  ; 
bm  it  was  no  easy  matter  to  approach, 
for  there  is  no  road  nor  pathway,  and 
hardly  access  through  a  wilderness  of 
thorns,  briars,  and  bushes.  We  went 
round  and  round  the  cemetery,  tearing 
our  clothes  and  skins,  but  long  unable 
to  reach  or  even  nearly  approach  it. 
It  seemed  as  if  some  stern  guardian 
genius  *' access  denied**  to  all  idle 
careless  intrusion.  However,  at  length, 
after  toiling  up  a  steep  side  less  bristling 
with  resistance  than  the  rest,  we  gained 
the  exterior  wall  of  the  cemetery,  and 
entered  it  by  a  flight  of  rude  steps.  It 
is  a  small  square  space,  enclosed  by  a 
wall,  and  surrounded  by  willows  and 
poplars.  A  hw  other  melancholy 
shrubs  are  there:  and  a  lovely  Italian 
cypress  ascends  in  the  middle  of  the 
litile  plat  of  honour's  ground. 

"  Here  sleep  the  brsve,  who  tonk  to  rest, 
Br  ill  their  country's  wishes  blest: 
When  Spring,  with  dewy  fingers  cold. 
Returns  to  deck  their  hallowed  mould. 
She  there  shall  dress  a  sweeter  sod 
Than  Fancy's  feet  have  ever  trod.*' 

It  is  indeed  (to  pursue  the  fine  strain 
of  Collins)  as  "  a  weeping  hermit," 
that  Fancy  must  repair  to  and  linger 
on  this  spot,  which  is  rather  a  her* 
mitage  than  a  temple  of  glory.  But 
the  place  is  as  much  neglected  within 
as  without ;  and  rank  grass  and  weeds 
threaten  soon  to  obliterate  the  memo- 
rials of  the  brave.  On  the  few  tomb- 
stones (seven  or  ei{(ht  in  number)  are 
engraved  only  the  initial  letters  of  the 
names  of  those  who  tenant  the  gory 
beds  below.  All  bear  the  date  of  14th 
April,  1814.  On  one  I  remarked 
these  letters,  *'  Sir  H.S.,  Bl.,  Lt.Col. 
Coldm.Gd.'**  Onasecond,"Honble. 
W.  G.  C,  Cap.  Coldm.  Gd.**t  On  a 
third,  "  G.  C,  L..C0I.  Coldm.  Gd.'*J 
On  a  fourth,  "  VV.  B.,  Cap.  Coldm. 
Gd.**§    On   a   fifth,   which  is  most 

*  Sir  Henry  Sullivan. 

t  Moo.  WUUam  Georges  Crofton. 

X  O.  Colyer.  f  W.  Burroaghs. 


beautifully  wreathed  with  creeping 
shrubs,  *'  W.  P.,  Ensgn.,  (x>ldm. 
Gd.*'  II  On  a  sixth,  "  J.  H.,  Lt.  (Joih 
Regt."  f  There  are  one  or  two  other 
stones  uninscribed,  or  having  the  in- 
scriptions obliterated. 

After  a  visit  which  we  prolonged  in 
spite  of  the  rain  that  now  fell  heavily 
upon  us,  we  plucked  and  appropriated 
a  small  braocn  of  the  cypress — *'  tnvt- 
sa$  cupressos** — and  bade  a  reluctant 
farewell  to  this  singularly  wild,  lovely, 
romantic,  and  interesting  spot. 

We  were  obliged  to  set  off  for  Bor- 
deaux next  morning.  But,  a  little 
before  our  departure,  I  was  informed 
by  a  respectaole  banker  of  B>iyonne, 
that  the  British  Consul,  who  had  been 
absent  for  some  time,  had  just  return- 
ed, and  had  announced  his  purpose  oi 
repairing  and  improving  the  condition 
of  the  cemetery,  in  conformity  with 
instructionswhich  he  had  received  from 
the  British  Government.  It  would  he 
well,  I  think,  in  place  of  the  present 
tomb-stones,  to  substitute  others  of 
more  enduring  qualitv  :  and  as  the 
idea  (once  emertained,  I  believe)  of 
transporting  the  bodies  to  England,  is 
now  of  course  abandoned,  surely,  in- 
stead of  the  initial  letters,  the  names  of 
the  dead  heroes  should  be  recorded  at 
full  length.  J.  G. 

Mr.  Urban,         Islington,  Jan.  II. 

AVERY  few  words,  in  reply  to  the 
remarks  of  the  Rev.VV.  L.  Bowles, 
in  your  December  Magazine,  p.  489, 
will  serve  to  remove  any  misconcep- 
tion arising  from  a  note  m  my  funeral 
sermon  for  the  late  Vicar  of  Christ- 
Church,  Newgate-street.  That  ser- 
mon was  written  in  great  haste,  and 
the  notes  in  much  greater,  and  under 
the  excitement  of  a  recent  loss.  Pro- 
bably the  expressions  are  somewhat  too 
strong,  or  at  least  not  sufficiently 
snarded.  Your  correspondent,  the  Rer. 
W.  L.  Bowles  (whose  warmth  I  en- 
tirely excuse),  misukes  my  meaning. 
He  supposes  that  I  refer  to  some  eflects 
produced  by  external  violence  inflicted 
Knowingly  oy  the  few  individuals  who 
are  termed,  I  presume  by  way  of  dis- 
tinction, the  elder  boys,  and  involving 
a  charge  against  those  who  happened 
then  to  be  the  seniors,  if  not  against 
the    distinguished    establishment    to 

n  WiUiam-HearyFittyekiest  SOD  of  Tho- 
mas Pitt,  Esq. 
%  J.  HaaUtod. 


94        Inaccuracies  in  Sir  Waliir  Scolf$  "  Provincial  Antiquities."^    [Jan. 


which  they  belonged.  If  my  words 
convey  any  soch  idea,  they  were  indeed 
ill  chosen.  The  oppression  I  intended 
was  that  of  the  mind.  I  meant,  by  the 
term  elder  boys,  all  who  were  above 
young  Crowther  in  age,  and  who,  in 
a  school  of  two  hundred,  constituted 
for  some  years  a  large  body.  And  I 
never  thought  of  preferring  a  charge 
against  any  individual  youth,  much 
less  of  implicating  the  great  national 
foundation  of  Winchester.  I  merely 
wished  to  express,  what  my  authorities 
appeared  fully  to  warrant  me  in  doing, 
that  young  Crowther *8  tender  and  sus- 
ceptible mind  was  little  able  to  bear 
vp  against  the  petty  unkindnesses,  the 
minor  sallies  of  tyranny  and  imperi« 
ousness,  the  unthousht  of  rudeness 
and  impositions  which  force  or  capricie 
inflicted,  and  which  no  discipline 
could  prevent  Your  correspondent 
kimselt  speaks  of  the  protection  af« 
forded  by  the  elder  boys  to  the  younger, 
and  yet  he  admits  that  one  instance  of 
oppression  occurred  in  his  own  time, 
which  ended  in  the  actual  expulsion 
of  the  offenders.  How  mocn  then 
may  have  gone  on  of  the  same  kind, 
in  a  very  inferior  degree,  with  respect 
to  such  a  boy  as  Crowther,  may  be 
easily  imagined.  I  am  persuaded  that 
strong  and  sturdy  minds  can  form  no 
idea  of  what  a  timid  shrinking  lad 
suffers  in  the  midst  of  the  unavoidable 
conflicts  and  concussions  of  a  public 
school,  from  want  of  nerve,  from  con- 
stitutional irritation  of  feeling,  from 
being  placed,  in  short,  in  a  situation 
for  which  he  is  totally  unfit.  Suffice 
it  to  say,  that  Mr.  Crowther  never 
shook  off  in  future  life  the  associations 
of  dread  which  fie n«rt rated  his  mind 
when  a  boy,  and  of  which  his  peculiar 
cast  of  character,  like  Cowper's,  made 
him  painfully  susceptible. 

But  I  pause;  indeed  I  have  accom- 
plished my  object,  if  I  have  removed 
a  misunderstanding  which  my  hurried 
words  may  have  occasioned  in  other 
minds  as  well  as  in  that  of  your  re- 
spected correspondent. 
.    Yoursy  &c.  Daviel  Wilson. 

Mr.  Urban,  Jan.  13. 

YOUR  correspondent  W.  S.  B. 
having  pointed  out  several  inac- 
curacies in  the  novels  of  Sir  Walter 
Scott,  will  you  allow  me  to  notice 
a  part  of  bis  writings  that  does  not 
appear  intelligible  or  correct.  In  "The 
Provincial  Antiquities  and  Picturesque 
Scenery  of  Scotland,**  vol.  ii.   is  an  ac- 


count of  Fastcastle,  once  the  residence 
of  the  unfortunate  Sir  Robert  Logan, 
of  Restalrig,  which  was  forfeited  for 
an  alleged  participation  in  "  the  Cow- 
rie treason.*'  In  order  to  shew  that 
that  individual  was  of  a  notoriously 
bad  character,  it  is  stated  that  a  con- 
tract between  him  and  the  celebrated 
Napier,  of  Merchiston,  exists,  where 
the  latter  undertakes  to  discover  certain 
treasure  supposed  to  be  hid  in  Fast* 
castle.  This  document  is  said  to  be 
dated  1694— Logandied  l60l !  but  this 
probably  is  a  mere  typographical  error. 
The  contract,  however,  refers  to  "John 
Logan's  house,  of  Fastcastle ! "  It  is 
adduced  as  a  proof  of  the  Robert  Lo- 
gan's suspicious  character,  that  Napier 
stipulates,  in  the  event  of  finding 
the  treasure  of  which  he  was  to  get 
half,  that  he  should  be  safely  guarded 
to  Edinburgh.  This  appears  a  reason- 
able desire,  considering  the  troubled 
state  of  that  country.  Napier  could 
not  have  had  so  hard  an  opinion  of 
Logan's  principles,  supposing  John  to 
be  the  Robert  to  whom  the  Baronet 
alludes,  when  he  voluntarily  agrees 
to  place  himself  and  treasure  in  his 
power;  and,  if  nothing  is  found,  agrees 
*'  to  refer  the  satisfaction  of  his  travel*' 
to  his  employer.  These  are  immate- 
rial remarks;  but  if  the  historical  mat- 
ters of  this  celebrated  writer  are  occa- 
sionally so  confused  and  apparently 
erroneous,  we  need  the  less  wonder  at 
deviations  from  strict  propriety  in  those 
amusing  fictions  where  truth  is  not 
intended  to  be  scrupulously  adhered  to. 
Yours,  &c.  A. 

OV  THB    PROGRESS  AND  DBCLIKR  Or 
WITCHCRAFT. — NO.   IV. 

**  Witches  aod  spoils  in  sntitDttciiie 
W«re  saereil  tu^cts  ev'n  in  rhyne ; 
No  wonder  that  •hoold  be  received 
Which  laws  condtmoed  aod  kings  beliav*d. 
But  now  of  late,  since  royal  speeches 
Have  kept  to  weightier  things  than  Witches^ 
Since  Parliament  (whom  Heav'n  direct) 
Have  treated  Satan  with  neglect. 
The  vulgar  lemm  to  take  the  hint. 
And  find  the  whole  haa  nothing  in*t." 

Lines  on  the  passing  qflhe  Repeal  BUL 

THE  next  ciicumstance  to  be  re- 
corded, in  proceeding  with  our 
historical  relations,  is  a  curious  docu- 
ment, being  an  account  of  expenses 
debited  to  the  town  and  kirk  sessions 
of  Culross,  in  Scotland,  for  burying 
three  Witches,  who  had  been  con- 
demned towards  the  close  pf  the  17th 
century. 


^«a]  Progreit  of  WUchcrafl.  J5 

tmiBii  ToMr.J«inMMiUtr,»beii  jf.  «.     fented  that  the  devil,  about  ten  years 

tot  tKl  *******  ^  *"*"  ***  P"^'^"*'/'    "PPcaftt*    to    her  in    the 

-      r^rk^hlw^^M^Jk!  prom  wed   her  money,   and  that    the 

r),whcnhawniawa,tha^  ^^     .hould  live  gallanti/.    and    have   the 

IlMi.  For  eoiib'for  the  Wiidlii'!.'.;.'."  i     4      P'«?«^'e  <>^jhe  world  for  twelve  year^ 

llm.  In  purcfaaung  the  conuniMion    9    3      "«"«  would  with  her  blood  sign  his 

lltM.  For  oBo  to  go  (o  Tumirath  for  Pf  P^r,  which  was  to  give  her  soul  to 

the  Uird  to  tit  opon  their  Msize  at  ^^^  ^^^  observe  his  laws,  and  that  he 

J«a« 0    B     n"ght   suck  her  blood.     This,  after 

Iitai.  Forhardentobejompitothem  s  10     four  soliciutions.   Style  promised    to 

lien.  For  makmg  of  tbem 0    8     do ;  upon  which  he  pricked  the  fourth 

Ittflu  For  a  lar  barrel 0  u     finser  of  her  right  hand  between  the 

Another  remarkable  transaction  of     middle  and  upper  joint,  where  the  sign 
thb  kind  is  a  case  of  Elisabeth  Style,     of  the  time  or  the  confession  remained, 
who   was    tried    and    convicted    for     ^^^  wi^h  a  drop  or  two  of  her  blood 
witchcraft  and  sorcery  upon  her  own     the  signed  the  paper.     Upon  this  the 
confession.    The  circumstances  which     ^^'i'  g^ve  her  sixpence,  and  vanished 
were  deposed  to  by  a  variety  of  wit-     with  the  paper.    That  he  had  since 
nesses,  amongst  whom  was  the  rector     appeared  to  her  in  the  bhape  of  a  man  ; 
of  tilt  parish,  are  shortly  as  follows :      ^^^  more  usually  he  appeared  in  the 
A  daughter  of  Richard    Hill,    aj^     likeness  of  a  dog,  a  cat,  or  a  fly,  in 
thirteen,  was  taken  with  stran;^  fits,     which  last   he  usually  sucked  her  in 
which  lasted   two  or  three   hours  or     ^^^  poll  about    four  o'clock    in   the 
more,  and  that  in  these  6ts  the  child      morning,  and  did  so  27th  Jan.    That 
declared  that  this  Eliaabeth  Style  ap<      when  she  had  a  desire  to  do  harm  nhe 
peared  to  her,  and  was  the  same  who     called  the  spirit  by  the  name  of  Robin, 
tormented  her.     While  in  these  fits  it     'o  whom,  when  he  appeared,  she  used 
was  sworn    by  the    witnesses,    that,      <^c  words,    "  O  Satan,  sire  me  my 
though  held  in  a  chair  by  four  or  five     purpose.*'     She  then  told  him  what 
persons  by  the  arms,  leg^,  and  shoul-     'he  would  have  done;    and  that  he 
ders,  she  would  rise  out  of  her  chair     should  so  appear  to  her  was  part  of 
and  raise  her  body  above  four  or  five     her  contract  with  him.    That  she  had 
feet  high,  and  that  while  in  this  state     desired  him  to  torment  one  Elizabeth 
there  appeared  to  be  holes  in  her  flesh     ^'ll*  ^nd   to  thrust  thorns  into  her 
which  the  witnesses  considered  to  hie     ^^sh ;  which  he  promised  to  do.    The 
with  thorns,  for  the?  saw  thorns  in     n^>^  ^inic  he  apueared  he  told  her  he 
her  flesh,  and  some  they  hooked  out.     h*d  done  it.    Sne  then  goes  on  to  re- 
Among  the  witnesses  was  one  Richard     count  a  variety  of  other  extraordinary 
Vioing,  who  stated,  that  some  time     adventures  between  her  and  three  other 
previously  his  late  wife  Agnes  fell  out     persons,  who  also  had  made  a  similar 
with  Elisabeth  Style,  and  within  two     contract  with  the  kins  of  fiends,  and 
or  three  davs  she  was  taken  with  a     ^^^n   acknowledses    that    the  reason 
grievous   pricking  in   her  leg,   which      why  she  caused  Eliaabeth  Hill  to  be 
pain  continued  for  a  long  time.    Some     <he  more  tormented  was,  because  her 
time   after  Style    came    to    his   wife     father  had  said  she  was  a  witch.     And 
and  gave  her  two  apples,  which  Style      that  some  two  years  a^  she  gave  two 
requested  her  to  eat  j  which  she  did,      apples  to  A^nes  Vining,  late  wife  of 
and  in  a  few  hours  was  taken  ill  and      Richard  Vining,  and  that  she  had  one 
worse  than  ever  she  had  been  before,     of  the  apples  from  the  devil,  who  then 
and  continued  so  till  Easter  eve,  and      appeared  to  her,  and  told  her  that  the 
then  died.  apples  would  do  Vining's  wife's  bosi- 

Before  her  death  her  leg  rotted,  and  "css. 
one  of  her  eyes  swelled  out.  She  de-  This  confession  is  certified  to  have 
cUred  to  him  then,  and  at  several  been  taken  in  the  presence  of  several 
tiroes  before,  that  she  believed  Eliza-  Rrave  and  orthodox  divines,  before 
beth  Style  had  bewitched  her,  and  Robert  Hunt,  magistrate,  and  was  free 
that  she  was  the  cause  of  her  death,  atid  unforced,  without  any  torturing 
But  the  confession  of  the  Witch  her-  or  watching,  drawn  from  her  by  a 
self  is  a  document  of  a  very  curious  gentle  examination,  meeting^  with  the 
and  extraordinary  kind.  She  con-  convictions  of  a  guilty  conscience. 
GtMT.  Mao.  Jmrnary,  i  tso. 

4 


f6 


Pf^grU9  of  W%Ukcrqf$.. 


£Jan. 


One  Nicholas  Lambert  also«  swore, 
thai  after  Siyle  had  been  committed 
be  and  two  others  watched  her,  agree- 
ably to  the  magistrate's  request ;  that 
he,  Lambertysitttog  near  the  6re  about 
three  o'clock    in  the  morning    and 
reading  in  the  Practice  of  Piety,  there 
.came  from  her  head  a  glittering  bright 
fly,  about  an  inch  in  len|;th,  which 
pitched  at  first  in  the  chimney,  and 
Aheo  vanished.     He  looked  stedfaatly 
then  on  Style^  perceived  her  counter 
nance  change  and  to  become  very  black 
and  ghastly  ;  tlie  6re  at  the  same  time 
eh«aged  its  colour ;  whereupon  Lam- 
bert and  the  two  others  considering 
that  her  familiar  was  then  about  her« 
looked  to  her  poll,  sod  seeing  her  hair 
«hake  very  strangely,  took  it  up,  and 
then  a  great  By  flew  out  from  the  place 
and  pitched  on  the  t(abie-board,and  then 
vanished  away.     Upon  the  witnesses 
Jooking  again    in    Style's  poll,  they 
found  It  very  red,  like  raw  beef.    Upon 
being  asked  what  it  was  weut  out  of 
her  poll  ?  she  said  it  was  a  butterfly ; 
and  asked  them  why  they  had   not 
caught  it.     Lambert  said  they  could 
not ;  she  replied,  I  think  so  too.     A- 
little  while  after  the   informant  and 
others  looked  upon  her  poll,  and  found 
the  place  to  be  of  its  former  colour. 
LamDeri  demanded  again  what  the 
fly  was?     She  confessed  it  was  her 
familiar,  and  that  she  felt  it  tickle  in 
her  poll,  and  that  was  the  usual  time 
when  her  familiar  caoie  to  her. 

Elizabeth  Tor  wood  then  swears, 
•that  she,  together  with  four  other 
women  who  also  gave  evidence  to  the 
.same  effect,  searched  Style  in  the  poll, 
and  found  a  little  rising  which  felt 
hafd  like  a  kernel  of  beef;  whereupon 
they,  sospediog  it  to  he  an  ill  mark, 
thrust  a  pin  into  it,  and  having  drawn 
it  out  thrust  it  in  again  the  second 
time,  that  the  other  women  might  see 
it  also.  Notwithstanding  which  Style 
did  neither  at  the  first  or  second  time 
make  the  least  shew  that  she  felt  any 
thing ;  but  after,  when  the  constable 
told  her  he  would  thrust  in  a  pin  in 
the  place,  and  made  a  shew  as  if  he 
did,  she  said  he  pricked  her,  whereas 
no  one  tlien  touched  her. 

Style  was  tried  and  condemned,  but 
died  shortly  before  the  time  appointed 
for  her  execution. 

Shortly  afterwards,  Alice  Duke,  one 
of  Stylets  knot,  was  tried  for  a  Witch, 
and  convicted  upon  the  testimony  of 
many  witnesses ;  and  her  own  confes- 


sion, which  contains  a  «iuvte  account 
of  many   extraordinary  and  devilish 
tricks,  which  she,  in  conjunetioa  with 
her  oonCederaies  and  his  Satanic  Ma* 
jesty,  pedbrmed ;  she  confesses  that  her 
familiar  commonly  sucked    her  right 
breast  about  seven  at  nif^t,  in  the 
shape  of  a  little  cat  of  a  dunnish  co- 
lour, and  when  she  was  sucked  she 
was  in  a  kind  of  trance.    That  she 
h4irt  Thomas  Garrett's  cows  because 
he  refused  to  write  a  petition  for  her. 
That  she  hurt  Thomas  Conway,  by 
putting  a  dish  into  his  hand,  whicn 
dish  she  had  from  the  devil.    That  she 
hurt  Dorothy,    the  wife   of  George 
Vininz,  by  giving  an  iron  stake  to  put 
into   her  steeling   box.    That   being 
angry  with  Edith  Watts  for  treading 
on  her  foot,  she  cursed  her,  and  after- 
wards touched  her,  which  had  done 
her  much  harm,  for  which  she  is  very 
sorry.   That  beinj^  provoked  by  Swan- 
ton*s  wife,  she  did  before  her  death 
curse  her,  and  believes  she  did  thereby 
hurt  her ;  but  denies  that  she  did  be- 
witch   Mr.   Swanton*s    cattle.     And 
then  she  gives  this  suitable  informa- 
tion, which  may  serve  to  put  us  on 
our  guard  against  having  any  thine  lo 
do  with  this  father  of  lies.  That  when 
the  devil  does  any  thing  for  her,  she 
calls  for  him  by  the  name  of  Robin, 
upon  which  he  appears ;  and  when  in 
the  shape  of  a  man,  she  can  hear  him 
speak,  out  his  voice  is  very  low.     He 
promised  her,  when  she  had  made  her 
contract  with  him^  that  she  should 
want  nothing,    but   ever   since   she 
wanted  all  things. 

And  Conway,  his  wife,  and  Watts, 
also  corroborated  her  statements,  by 
describing  on  oath  the  injuries  which 
they  had  sustained  from  tnia  acknow- 
(cdeed  Witch. 

The  intimation  above,  as  to  the 
devil  being  a  hard  master,  reminds  one 
of  a  passase  in  an  old  translation  of 
Bodinus^  from  which  it  ap|)ears  that 
in  Livonia,  yearly,  about  the  end  of 
December,  a  certain  knave  or  devil 
warneth  all  the  Witches  in  the  country 
to  come  to  a  certain  place.  If  they 
fail,  the  devil  cometh  and  whippeth 
them  with  an  iron  rod,  so  as  the  print 
of  his  lashes  remains  upon  their  bodies 
for  ever.  Which  circumstance  has 
thus  been  preserved  by  one  of  our  early 
bards: 

'*  Till  on  %  day  (that  day  is  everie  Prime) 
Wlien  Witches  wont  do  peaaacs  for  (heir 
crimt." 


183a] 


Progriu  oj  fVUcherofU 


n 


la  the  State  Trials  ihere  is  reeofdcd 
the  trial  of  Richafd  Hathaway,  on 
S44h  March*  1102,  o|M>n  an  indici- 
BieiU  charginc  him  with  eonlrivins 
and  maliciooMj  intending  one  Saran 
Mordock,  who  (or  the  whole  coarse  of 
her  life  was  an  hoaest  and  pions  wo- 
man, and  not  a  Witoh,  nor  nsing 
witchcraft,  inchantment,  charm,  or 
sorcerv,  to  bring  into  danger  of  losing 
her  lite  falsely,  maliciously,  devilishly, 
and  knowingly,  and  as  a  false  im poster, 
did  pretend  and  affirm  himself,  by  the 
said  Sarah  to  be  bewitched;  and  thai 
he  by  drawing  blood  from  the  said 
Sarah,  by  scratching,  shook!  be  freed 
from  the  said  pretended  witchcrafL 
Thai  the  said  R.  ri.  did  then  and  there, 
with  force,  &c.  draw  the  blood  of  her 
the  said  Sarah.  He  was  found  goilty 
of  this  cknrge,  and  I  merely  refer  tn 
the  trial  for  the  purpose  of  noticing  a 
curious  piece  of  evidence  given  by  a 
woman  who  was  examined  on  bis  be- 
half. Lord  Chief  Justice  Holt,  *•  Do 
Co  think  he  was  bewhched?**  Eltaa- 
ih  Wilknighby.  «« 1  believe  he  was." 
**  I  suppose  you  have  some  skill  in 
witchcraft ;  did  yon  ever  see  any  body 
thai  was  bewitched  before  ?*'  <«  My 
Lord,  I  have  been  under  the  same  cir- 
cnmslances  myself,  when  I  was  a  girl, 
in  Sir  £dwafd  Bramfield's  time." 
**  How  doyoo  know  you  were  bewitch* 
ed?**  <*  There  was  a  woman  uken 
up  upon  suspicion  for  it."  "  For  be- 
witdiing  thee  ?**  «<  Yes,  my  Lord.** 
"  Did  you  scratch  herr  "  My  Lord, 
I  had  no  power  to  do  auv  thing,  I  flew 
over  them  all ;  one  held  me  by  one 
arm,  another  by  the  other,  and  an- 
other behind,  and  1  flew  sheer  over 
their  heads.'*  "  Can  you  produce  any 
of  these  women  that  saw  yon  fly  ? ' 
"  It  was  when  I  was  a  child ;  they  are 
dead.  1  have  been  well  ever  since  I 
was  married.** 

In  1705  was  published,  '*  A  true 
and  faithful  account  of  the  birth,  edu^ 
cation,  lives,  and  convictions  of  Eleanor 
Shaw  and  Mary  Pliillips  (the  two  no- 
torious witches),  that  were  execntcd  at 
Northampton,  on  Saturday,  March 
17th,  1705,  for  bewitching  a  woman 
and  two  children  to  death,  &c.  con- 
uining  the  manner  and  occasion  of 
their  turning  Witches,  the  league  they 
made  with  the  Devil,  and  the  strange 
discourse  they  had  with  him ;  as  a£io 
the  amazinc  pranks  and  remarkable 
acu  both  before  and  after  their  appro- 
Ikension,  and  how  ibcy  bewitched  se- 


veral peiaons  to  death,  besides  abnn- 
dance  of  ail  sorts  oTCattle,  even  to  the 
ruin  of  many  famiKes ;  with  therr  fnW 
confession  to  the  Minister,  and  last 
dying  speeches  at  the  place  of  execn- 
tion,  the  like  never  before  heard  of. 
London,  1705." 

In  Clotierbnck's  History  of  Herts, 
he  says, "  in  this  village  (i.e.  Walkern), 
lived  Jane  Wenham,  a  poor  woman, 
who  was  accused  in  several  instances 
of  having  practised  sorcery  and  witch- 
craft upon  the  body  of  Ann  Thorn, 
npon  tne  oaths  of  several  respectable 
inliabitants  of  this  neighbourhood,  be- 
fore Sir  Henry  Chaoncey,  of  Yardly 
Bury,  and  by  him  committed  to  Hert- 
ford gaol.  She  was  afterwards  tried 
at  the  Assises  on  the  4th  March,  17  It, 
before  Mr.  Justice  Powell,  and  being 
found  goilty  of  the  charges  brought 
aeainst  her,  received  sentence  of  death. 
The  Judge,  however,  made  a  favourable 
representation  of  her  case  to  the  Queen, 
wno  was  graciously  pleased  to  grant 
her  a  pardon." 

1735.  At  Burlington,  in  Pensyl- 
vania,  the  owi>ers  of  several  cattle  be- 
lieving them  to  be  bewitched,  caused 
some  suspected  men  aixl  women  to  be 
taken  op,  and  trials  to  be  made  for 
detecting  them.  Above  three  hundred 
people  assembled  near  the  Govemor'fl 
house,  and  a  pair  of  scales  being 
erected,  the  suspected  persons  were 
each  weighed  against  a  large  Bible; 
but  all  of  them  vastly  outweighed  it. 
The  accused  were  then  tied  hand  and 
feet  together,  and  put  into  a  river,  on 
the  supposition  that  if  they  swam  they 
must  be  guilty.  This  trial  they  oflered 
to  undergo,  in  case  as  many  of  the  ac- 
cusers should  be  served  in  the  like 
manner ;  which  being  done,  they  all 
swam  very  buoyantly,  to  the  no  small 
diversion  of  the  specutors,  and  clearing 
of  the  accused. 

In  the  Frome  Daily  Joun>al,  Jan. 
15,  1731,  there  is  an  accoom  of  a 
child  of  one  Wheeler  being  seised  with 
strange  unaccountable  fits;  the  mo* 
ther  goes  to  a  canafiig  man,  who  ad- 
vises her  to  hang  a  bottle  of  the  child's 
water,  close  stopped,  over  the  lire,  and 
that  the  Witch  would  thereupon  comt 
and  break  it.  The  success  of  this  ad- 
vice is  not  mentioned ;  but  a  poor  oM 
woman  in  the  neighbourhood  was 
taken  up,  and  the  eSj  trial  by  water 
ordeal  revived.  They  dragged  her 
shivering  with  an  ague  out  of  her 
house,  set  her  astride  on  the  pommel  of 


«8 


Progreu  and  Declmc  of  WUchcTofL 


pan. 


a  saddle,  aDcbxarried  her  about  two 
miles  to  a  mill  pond,  stripped  off  her 
upper  clothes,  tied  her  legs,  and  with 
a  rope  about  her  middle  threw  her  in, 
two  hundred  spectators  huzzaing  and 
abetting  in  the  riot.    They  affirm  she 
swam  liRe  a  cork,  though  forced  several 
times  under  water.      About  an  hour 
after  she  was  taken  out  of  the  water 
she  expired.    The  coroner  sat  on  her 
body,  but  could  make  no  discovery  of 
the  ringleaders,  although  above  forty 
persons  assisted  in  the  fact,  yet  none 
of  them  could  be  persuaded  to  accuse 
his  neighbour,  so  that  the  inquest  were 
able  to  charge  only  three  of  them  with 
manslaughter. 

We   must  now   notice  the  statute 


into  the  church  for  security,  the  mob 
missing  them,  broke  the  workhouse 
walls,  pulled  down  the  pales,  and  de- 
molished part  of  the  house,  and  seiz- 
ing the  governor,  threatened  to  drown 
him,  and  fire  the  town,  having  straw 
in  their  hands  for  that  purpose.    The 
poor  witches  were  at  length,  for  pub- 
lic safety,  delivered  up,  stn|>ped  naked 
by  -the  mob,  their  thumbs  tied  to  therr 
toes,   then  dragged    two   miles,    and 
thrown  into  a  muddy  stream.     After 
much  ducking  and  ill  usage,  the  old 
woman  was  thrown  quite  naked  on 
the  bank  almost  choked  with  mud, 
and  expired  in  a  few  minutes.    Tlie 
man  also  shortly  afterwards  expired. 
The  coroner's  inquest  returned  a  ver- 


which  was  passed  in  the  9ih  year  of  dictof  wilful  murder  asainst  six  of  the' 
the  reign  of  George  the  Second,  c.  5.  ringleaders,  one  of  whom  was  after- 
whereby  all  previous  statutes  against  wards  tried,  convicted,  and  hanged  in 
witchcraft,  &c.  are  repealed.  And  it  chains.  This  affair  seems  to  have  ex- 
is  thereby  enacted,  that  all  persons  pre-  cited  much  interest  throughout  the 
tending  to  exercise  or  use  any  kind  of  country  at  the  time, 
witchcraft,  sorcery,  inchantment,  or  S2  June,  176O.  At  a  General  Quar- 
conjuration,  or  undertake  to  tell  for-  ter  Sessions  for  Leicester,  two  persons. 


tunes,  or  pretend  from  his  or  her  skill 
or  knowledge  in  any  occult  or  crafty 
science  to  discover  where,  or  in  what 
manner,  any  goods  or  chattels  supposed 
to  have  been  lost  or  stolen  may  be 
foand,  shall,  upon  conviction,  be  im- 
prisoned for  a  year,  and  once  in  every 
quarter  of  a  year  in  some  market-place 
of  the  proper  county  upon  the  market 
day,  stand  openly  on  the  pillory  by  the 
space  of  one  hour,  and  also  give  secu- 
rity for  good  behaviour. 

The  passins  of  this  Act  seems  to  have 
given  general  satisfaction  to  the  com- 
munity, and  at  the  time  gave  rise  to 
several  droll  essays  and  poems  upon 
the  subject,  which  are  to  be  founa  in 
the  Gentleman's  Magazine  and  other 
periodicals  of  that  day.  But,  although 
numbers  rejoiced  at  the  repeal  of  the 
obnoxious  statutes  which  had  so  long 
continued  on  the  statute  book,  to  the 
terror  of  antient  females,  there  were 
others  who  contemplated  the  measure 
with    some    alarm,    and    anticipated 


concerned  in  ducking  for  witches  all 
the  poor  old  women  in  Glen  and  Bur- 
ton Orery,  were  sentenced  to  stand  in 
the  pillory  twice,  and  to  be  in  gaol  one 
month. 

88  Nov.  1762.  A  number  of  people 
surrounded  the  house  of  John  Prit6hers 
of  West  Langdon  in  Kent,  and  under  a 
notion  of  his  wife  having  bewitched  a 
boy  13  years  old,  dragged  her  out  by  vio- 
lence, and  compelled  her  to  so  to  the 
boy*s  father  about  a  mile  from  her  own, 
where  they  forced  her  into  the  room 
where  the  boy  was,  scratched  her  arms 
and  face  in  a  most  cruel  manner  to 
draw   blood,  and  they  threatened  to 
swim  her,  but  some  people  of  condi- 
tion interfering,  the  poor  woman's  life 
was  happily  preserved ;  and  the  persons 
concerned  in  carrying  on  the  impos- 
ture, particularly  one  Beard  and  Ladd*s 
wife,  being  carried  before  a  Magistrate, 
and  compelled  to  make  satisfaction  to 
the  unhappy  injured  woman,  the  mob 
dispersed,  and  the  country,  that  was 


strange  work  from  the  circumstance  of     every  where  in  tumult,  aeain  quieted: 


the  devil  being  thus  fairiy  let  loose. 

In  April  1751,  atTring  in  Herts,  a 
publican  giving  out  that  he  was  be- 
witched by  one  Osborne  and  his  wife, 
harmless  people  above  70,  had  it  cried 
at  several  market  towns  that  they  were 
to  be  tried  by  ducking  on  April  28, 
which  occasioned  a  vast  concourse. 
The  parish  officers  having  removed 
the  old  couple  from  the  workhouse 


The  boy  pretended  to  void  needles  and 
pins  from  his  body,  and  his  father  and 
mother  upheld  the  deceit,  and  collect- 
ed large  sums  of  those  whose  compas- 
sion was  excited. 

15  Nov.  1775.  Nine  old  women 
were  burned  ^t  Kaleck  in  Poland, 
charged  with  having  bewitched  and 
rendered  unfruitful  the  lands  belong- 
ing to  a  gentleman  in  the  Palatinate. 


i8sa] 


Midwife,  Man^Midwifo,  Accoucheur. 


99 


I  July,  1776.    A  woman  at  Earls    fixed,  therefore,  to  one  of  his  philippics* 
Sbihon  in  Leicestershire,  being  some«    an  engraving  representing  a  personage. 


time  preriously  seixed  with  an  uncom- 
mon disorder,  her  friends  took  it  into 
their  heads  that  she  was  bewitched  by 
a  poor  old  creature  in  the  neighbour- 
hood who  could  scarce  crawl.  To  this 
miserable  object  the  diseased,  her  hus- 
band, and  son  (a  soldier),  went  and 
threatened  to  destroy  her  if  she  did  not 
instantlY  suffer  blood  to  be  drawn  from 
ber  body,  bless  the  woman,  and  re- 
more  her  disorder.   Hesitating  a  liltle, 
the  son  drew  his  sword,  and  pointing 
it  to  her  breast,  swore  he  would  plunee 
it  into  her  heart  if  she  did  not  instantly 
comply*   which  being   consented   to, 
thej  all  returned  home,  seeminsly  sa- 
tisfied ;  but  the  part  not  being  relieved, 
they  raised  a  mob,  seized  the  old  wo- 
man, dragged  her  to  a  pond,  cruelly 
plunged  her  in  to  the  waist,  and  were 
procMding  to  practise  some  of  the  an- 
cient eapraients,  when,  fortunately  for 
her,  she  was  rescued  from  their  hands 
by  the  humanity  of  the  neighbouring 
gentlemen. 

(To  be  coniinued.) 


Mr.  Urban,  Jan.  11. 

^TX)DD,  in  the  last  edition  of  John- 
M    son's  Dictionary,  speaks  thus  of 
the  word  Man-midwife : 

**  MAN-Miowira,  n.  *.  A  strange  com- 
poond,  dtnotiog  th«  man  who  ditchvsts 
tha  oilMt  of  a  Midwife.  It  it  now  ue- 
<|iitntly  converted  into  the  finical  Aecoa- 
ehenr.  Bbhop  HaII  may  be  considered  at 
giving  riee  in  soum  degree  to  the  present 
ezpretsioa  : 

This  JfoR  wu  not  their  Midwife. 
Bp.  Hali,  Horn,  rfUuMan.  CUrgy.  p.  100." 

The  Sermon  of  Bishop  Hall,  here 
referred  to,  was  published  in  l6^. 
The  earliest  dale  at  which  i  have  found 
the  word  Man-midwife,  is  1637,  when 
it  was  employed  in  the  preface  to 
**  the  Expert  Midwife."  It  is  used  as 
a  verb,  to  manmidwife,  in  <'  Wolve- 
ridge's  Speculum  Matricis,*'  1669. 

The  dissection  of  this  "  strange 
compoand"  has  afforded  no  little 
amusement  to  those  writers  whose  de- 
light it  has  been  to  vituperate  and  hold 
up  to  derision  the  Physicians  and  Sur- 
geons who  have  engaged  in  this  branch 
of  medical  practice.  Your  old  Corre- 
spondent, Philip  Thicknesse,  was  not 
cooteoted  with  words  only,  but  strove, 
by  pictorial  embellishments,  10  make 
his  siicatiDS  moie  effective.    He  pre- 


half  man  and  half  woman ;  the  male 
half  grasping  a  lever,  and  the  female 
presenting  to  view  a  pap-hoat. 

This  "  strange  compound  "  was  early 
objected  to,  and  numerous  attempts 
have  been  made  to  fix  upon  a  word 
less  objectionable  than  this  barbarism. 
Dr.  ^laubray,  a  man  of  infinite  pe- 
dantry and  self-conceit,  coined  a  long 
word  from  the  Greek,  to  designate  the 
man  who  gives  aid  tofemalet  in  child' 
hirih,  and  this  whole  sentence  he  very 
felicitously,  as  he  imagined,  comprized 
in  the  sesquipedalian  compound,  An^ 
droboelhogtfnisi,  which  appellation  he 
took  to  himself,  and  bestowed  upon 
his  obstetrical  brethren  *. 

Douglas,  a  Surgeon,  who  published 
in  1736t»  tays,  it  is  absurd  to  call 
men,  wives ;  and  not  much  less  so,  to 
use  the  word  Midwife,  when  the  offi- 
ciating person  is  either  a  widow  or  a 
maid !  He  adds,  "  the  French  ex- 
press it  very  beautifully  by  the  word 
Accoucheur,  and  I  shall  always  express 
it  by  the  word  Midman,  which  though 
not  so  neat  as  the  French,  yet  is  much 
better  than  the  absurd  word  complain- 
ed of.'*  The  female  practitioners 
Douglas  denominates  **  Midwomen, 
which  includes  Maids,  Wives,  and  Wi- 
dows.'* Subsequently,  Douglas  applied 
the  word  Accoucheur  in  a  proposed 
dedication  to  his  brother :  "  To  that 
accurate  Anatomist,  and  consummate 
Accoucheur,  Dr.  James  Douglas, 
Physician  Extraordinary  to  the  Queen, 
&c.'*  This  is  the  first  time  that  the 
word  was  so  employed  in  England. 

Chapman  X  defends  the  expression 
Manmidwife.  Midwifery,  he  con  tends, 
is  expressive  of  practice  not  by,  but 
ttpofi  a  wife,  and  therefore  he  asserts 
that  Manmidwife,  and  Manmidwifery, 
are  words  not  chargeable  with  incon- 
gruity. 

This  explanation  of  the  meaning  of 
the  word  Midwifery,  is  not  incon- 
sistent with  the  derivation  of  the  word 
as  suggested  by  Todd.  Johnson  says, 
••  Midwife  is  derived  both  by  Skinner 
and  Junius,  from  mid  or  meed,  a  re- 
ward, and  pip,  Saxon.*'  Todd,  in  ad- 
dition says,  *'  the  interpretation  of  this 

*  Feonle  Phytician,  1730. 

t  State  of  Midwifery  in  London  and 


X  Reply  to  Dooglas's  Short  Account* 
Sic  1787. 


Anecdoies  of  the  Rev^  Thomas  Hatch, 


30 

etymology,  which  Verstegan  also  gives, 
is  •  a  woman  of  meed,  deserving  re- 
com  pence.'  But  this  seems  a  forced 
meaning.  May  not  the  word  be  more 
naturally  derived  from  the  Saxon  pre- 
position med,  with,  and  pip,  wife,  im- 
plying the  wife  or  woman,  who  is  at- 
tendant upon,  that  is  with  the  woman 
in  childbirth  ?*'  But  if  this  be  the  de- 
rivation, it  would  apply  equally,  whether 
the  woman  was  attended  by  a  male  or 
a  female. 

Thomson,  in  his  "  Etymons  of  Eng- 
lish Words,*'  gives  another  derivation. 
He  considers  the  Gothic  mid  and 
Danish  mil,  analogous  to  wii,  know- 
kdge,  wisdom,  so  that  Midwife,  ac- 
coraing  to  him,  corresponds  with  the 
French  sage  femme,  and  the  Scots 
eannit  wife. 

1  have  often  wondered  that  onr  Lexi- 
cographers and  Pbilologers  have  not 
looked  nearer  home  for  the  derivation 
of  this  word.  The  natural  etymology 
may,  1  think*  be  found  in  the  old^ 
English  word  Madir,  which  it  used 
both  for  the  nvother  and  the  womb. 
Midwife  then,  is  the  contraction  of 
Modirwife,  and  is  applied  to  the  wife^ 
the  good  woman,  whose  dut^r  it  was  to 
be  in  attendance  upon  this  important 
part  of  the  female  system. 

Of  the  '•  finical'*  word  Accoucheur, 
I  have  already  mentioned  the  first  use 
in  the  En^ish  language.  Astruc*  tells 
us  that  the  word  was  invented  soon 
after  the  year  l663 ;  the  first  time  I 
have  noticed  it,  is  1 668  +.  The  Dic- 
tionaire  de  Trevonx  traces  its  etymo- 
logy to  the  Latin  accuhare.  The  femi- 
nine Accoucheure  has  been  formed 
from  Accoucheur;  but  vyiih  an  ab- 
8Ui[dity  beyond  measure  ridiculous,  the 
"  finical"  English,  who  have  substi- 
tuted  Accoucheur  for  the  incongruous 
compound  Man-midwife,  are  now  dig- 
nifying all  the  old  Midwives  with  the 
splendid  appellation  o(  female  Accou- 

chettrs. 

Instead  of  Man-midwife  or  Accou- 
cheur, to  both  of  which  words  objec- 
tions have  been  largely  made,  some 
formatives  from  Obstetrix  have  been 
proposed;  viz.  Ohstiior,  Ohttetricaior, 
and  Ohslelrician.  This  last,  as  being 
analogous  to  Geometrician,  Mathema- 
tician, Physician,  &c.  seems  deserving 
of  being  adopted.  Unquestionably, 
' — -^— ^— ^^— ^— — »^— » 

•  History  of  tbe  Art  of  Midwifery. 
t  L'Accoudiear    Methodiqae^   par    D. 
Foumier.    18  mo. 


[Jan* 


Obstetric  Surgeon,  or  Obstetric' Physi- 
cian, might  appropriately  supersede  the 
ill-assorted  Pnysician^-or  Sorgeoo- Ac- 
coucheur, which  appears  to  be  the 
term  at  present  much  employed. 
Yours,  &c.         Obstktricus. 


I 


Mr.  Urban,  Jam,  10. 

N  your  Obituary  of  May,  18€8,  vol. 

xcviii.  page  474,  yoii  give  sone 
account  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Hatch, 
late  Vicar  of  Washington  in  Sotsez. 
As  Mr.  Hatch  was  my  intimate  friend 
during  several  years  of  my  early  life,  I 
cannot  but  feel  anxious  to  correct  some 
errors  in  that  account,  of  no  great  i«n- 
po^rtance  I  admit,  except  from  the  dia- 
like  one  feels  to  every  degree  of  error 
in  regard  to  a  person  one  has  known 
and  esteemed. 

Mr.  Hatch  was  the  ton  of  a  Clergy- 
man, Rector,  or  Vicar,  df  one  of  tne 
Burnbama  in  Norfolk,  (an  honour 
which  he  shared  in  common  with  the 
great  Hero  of  Norfolk)  and  was,  as  is 
correctly  stated,  elected  at  an  early  age 
a  Demi  of  Magdalen,  and  took  the  de- 
gree of  A.M.  in  1769 ;  but  much  of  the 
subsequent  account  is  certainly  erro- 
neous. It  was  not  that  this  prospect  of 
succeeding  to  a  fellowship  was  remote, 
that  he  was  induced  to  solfcit  or  accept 
a  commission  in  the  East  India  Com- 
pany's service ;  but  from  tfie  severity 
of  Dr.  Wheeler,  then  a  very  influen- 
tial member  of  the  College,  who  wa$ 
so  dissatisfied  with  Mr.  Hatch  on  ac* 
count  of  some  early  eccentricities,  thai 
he  prevailed  with  the  society  to  refoM 
him  their  ordinary  testimoiiioflii.  Be- 
ing thus  driven  from  the  profession  for 
which  he  was  intended,  he  was  glad 
to  go  out  as  a  Cadet  to  India.  In  the 
Company's  service  he  remained  long 
enough  not  only  to  attain  the  rank  of 
Lieutenant  (he  was  never  Captain),  but 
to  be  entitled  to  the  liberal  provision 
which  the  Company  allows,  according 
to  the  rank  of  their  retired  officers.  It 
happened  that,  jnst  about  the  time  of 
his  return  to  England,  there  was  a  va- 
cancy of  one  of  the  fellowships  of 
Magdalen,  which  could  only  be  lilled 
op  by  a  native  of  Norfolk  or  Suffolk. 
There  was  then  no  Demi,  no  one  at 
least  of  competent  age  or  standing, 
from  either  ot  these  counties.  A  mem- 
ber of  the  college,  a  jrentleman-com- 
moner  of  the  name  of  Urqohart  (laldy 
deceased)*  and  Mr.  Hatch  became  can- 

*  Ste  ow  last  voluwa,  pt.  i.  p.  an. 


1890.] 


Foiaufer  of  ike  Pruny  ai  Sandwkh, 


31 


clid«tct$  bot*  whatever  ihe  cUtmt  of 
iht  fortucc  might  be  from  hU  literary 
•iJUiioiiieott.  which  were  very  consider- 
able, the  lauer  was  elecUrd,  as  ii  were 
by  acclaiDaiioQ,  from  theslroog  feeling 
cnienaioed  tbat  Mr.  Hatch  bad  beeo 
▼ery  hardiv  used  in  liie  inauiice  before 
Mentioned.     It  wa»»  I  believe,  about 
(his   time  that  be  received  a  Lieute- 
nant's commission  io  the  East  Norfolk 
fvgimeat  of  Militia.     What  I  certainly 
know  is,  that  he  was  acting  io  this  ca- 
pacity to  the  month  of  Juae,  in  the 
year  1760,  and  continued  in  the  regi- 
ment till  the  spring  of  1783,  in  short, 
till   it    was   disembodied.     After  this 
be  retired  to  Magdalen  College  as  his 
borne,  when  he  again  directed  his  at- 
teotioo  to  the  pro&ssion  of  which  he 
afterwards  became  an  esteemed  mem- 
ber.   It  is  rather  a  curious  fact,  thai 
the  6rst  sermon  he  ever  preached  wm 
io  Lmiin,  at  St.  Mary's,  as  part  of  bis 
bosioeas,  for  his  Bachelor  of  Divinity's 
degree.     I  remember  calling  upon  him 
one  day  about  this  time,   when   he 
amused  himself  and  me,  by  displaying 
the  various  titles,  [Thomas  Hatch,  esq. 
Lieutenant  Hatch,  Captain  Hatch,  and 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Hatch,]  by  which  he 
had  beeo  addressed  on  letters  that  had 
arrived  for  him  during  a  short  absence. 
In  the  year  1784  he  obtained,  as  is 
stated,  the  livingof  Washington.  I  have, 
indeed,  one  of  his  letters  now  before  me, 
endorsed  July  1784,  in  which  he  says; 
**  I  have  been  into  Sussex  on  a  pleasing 
occasioo  to  reconnoitre  a  living,  &c.^ 
This  was  the  living  of  Washington, 
to  which  he  was  afterwards  presented, 
and  which  he  was  pleased  to  call,  I 
trust  with  no  very  unpardonable  levity, 
#wr/  Washington.    I  have  mentioned 
his  early  eccentricities.    They  were,  I 
belie\e,  of  a  very  harmless  nature;  but, 
unfortunately  lor  him,  totally  abhor* 
rent  from   the  uste  of  Or.  Wheeler. 
1  have  heard  him  record  many  of  his 
adventures  with  his  friend  Sir  \Vhalley 
Gardiner.    One    1    rcmembtr, — their 
onderukiog,  upon  some  expedition,  to 
personate,  like  Archer  and  Aim  well, 
one  the  master,  the  other  the  man ;  and 
I  have  lieard  Mr.  Hatch  describe  the 
horrors  he  felt  when   summoned,  in 
the  presence  of  the  family  with  whom 
they  lodged,  to  shave  his  master.     He 
was  resolved,  however,  not  to  fail  in 
obedience.     And  shave  him   he  did, 
regardless  of  his  friend's  t%v itches  and 
snatches.     He  informed  me  too,  that 
dining  one  eatreinely  hot  day   with 


Sir  WbaUey  at  Oxford,  he  obaerved  ; 
*'tf  we  were  now  io  Calcutta  (this 
was  of  course  after  his  return  from 
India,)  we  should  be  stripped  to  our 
shirts.'*  The  idea  was  io  such  |>erfect 
accordance  with  the  feelings  of  the 
party,  tbat  ihtj  insuntlv  agreed,  one 
and  all,  to  profit  by  the  iiiot. 

To  his  equestrian  feats  I  do  not  re- 
member to  have  heard  him  allude; 
but,  as  I  have  never  felt  much  sympa- 
thy with  knights  of  thmi  order,  he 
might  very  possibly  think  me  un- 
worthy of  receiving  such  commonicac 
tions.  In  a  late  publication,  the  Let- 
ters of  Lord  Chedworth,  (see  Gent. 
Mag.  vol.  xcviii.  p.  139,)  in  a  note  to 
the  sixth  Letter,  Mr.  Hatch  is  spoken 
of  by  tiie  editor,  whose  "  companion 
he  had  been  in  arts  and  arms,'  with 
much  aflectioo.  T.  C. 

Mr.  Urban,  Jan.  \Q. 

IN  Mr.  Hasted's  valuable  History  of 
Kent  (vol.  tv.  p.  S67)>  it  is  said  of 
a  priory  at  Sandwich,  "  that  Henry 
Cowfield,  a  German,  in  the  year  1872, 
founded  a  priory  iti  that  town,  of  the 
order  of  frian  called  Carmelites,  and 
afterwards,  from  the  habits  which  they 
wore.  White  Friars;  but  his  endow- 
ment of  it  was  so  small,  that  it  seemeth 
Reynold,  or  more  probably  WtlUam 
Lord  Clinton,  who  was  a  much  larger 
benefactor,  in  the  SOth  year  of  king 
Edward  I.  was  aiterwards  reputed  sole 
founder  of  it.  He  lies  buried  in  the 
wall  of  the  south  side  of  St.  Mary*a 
church,  in  Sandwich,  which  is  now 
walled  up.'* 

My  inquiries  into  monastic  concerns 
have  related  almost  exclusively  to  man- 
ners and  customs.     But  the  difficulty 
here  is,  that  there    was  no   Williair 
Lord  Clinton  in  the  time  of  Edw.  1 
(only  of  Hen.  IV.  to  Edw.  IV.  a  dis- 
tance of  nearly  two  centuries),  and  no 
other  recognition  of  the  name  of  i^ay- 
nald  de  Clinton.    References  ha\  e  been 
made  to  the  rtlatives  and  friends  of  the 
late  Mr.  Harted,  for  the  authority  re- 
ferred to.    The  answer  has  been  (ac- 
companied with  the  most  gentlemanly 
courtesy),   that  Mr.    Hasted   was   in- 
debted for  his  information  concerning 
Sandwich  to  the   late  Mr.  Boys,  the 
historian  of  that  town  ;  and  the  answer 
of  Mr.  Garret,  the   town  clerk,  has 
been,  that  all  the  valuable  records  re- 
lating to  Sandwich  had  been  borrowed 
by  antiquaries,  and  never  returned  by 
them  f 


32 


Inscription  in  Beaumatig  Churth.^^Chwrch  Repairs.         [Jan. 


I  have  not  examined  Tanner  for  the 
dates  of  the  foundation  o(  Friaries  (dis- 
tinguished from  other  monasteries  by 
having  no  territorial  endowments), 
but  according  to  my  recollection  few, 
or  even  none,  were  founded  so  late  as 
the  time  of  William  Lord  Clinton,  i.  e. 
the  15th  century.  If  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents can  oblige  me  with  in- 
formation, viz.  concerning  the  autho- 
rity of  Mr.  Hasted,  Raynald  de  Clin- 
ton, and  the  date  of  the  foundation,  I 
shall  be  glad. 
.    Yours,  &c.        T.  D.  Fosbroke. 


Mr.  Urban,  Jan,  20. 

IN  the  chancel  of  Beaumaris  church 
is  a  stone  which  appears  to  have 
been  erected  by  an  Edward  Water- 
house.  As  it  puzzled  Mr.  Pennant  to 
account  for  how  it  came  there,  or  for 
what  purpose  it  was  erected,  I  request 
you  to  lay  the  inscription  before  your 
numerous  readers,  in  the  ho)>e  that 
some  one  will  throw  light  on  its  ob- 
ject, and  on  the  individuals  mentioned 
in  it.  Sir  Henry  Sydney  had  been 
I^ord  Deputy  of  Ireland,  but  died  in 
England  in  1586.  Sir  Anthony  St. 
Leger  was  another.  The  two  others 
are  unknown. 

1.  Hbnricus  Sydnby,  ordinis  Garterii  mi- 
les, presidiens  ex  consiliis  marchiis  Wal- 
lia,  Domlnus  depntatus  in  Hihemia. 

9.  Antomius  Sbntlegbr,  ordinit  Garterii, 
miles,  quondam  depntatut  in  Hibemia. 

d.  Franciscus  Agard,  armiger,  ex  consiliit 
in  Hibernia. 

4.  Edwardus  Watbrhous  me  posuit. 

5.  GwiLLiELMUs  Thwaytbs,  armiget,  obiit 
90die  Januarii,  1565. 

Noice  Telmptum. — Fide  et  Tacituriattate. 

Yours,  &c.  MoNA. 


Mr.  Urban,         Bristol,  Jan.  12. 

IT  must  be  productive  of  great  satis- 
faction to  the  friends  of  our  vener- 
able church,  and  to  the  admirers  of 
ecclesiastical  architecture,  to  perceive 
a  very  considerable  improvement  taking 
place  in  the  attention  paid  to  those 
monuments  of  the  taste  and  pious  niu- 
niBcenceof  our  forefaihcrs— our  parish 
churches,  which  have  suffered  so  much 
through  an  unworthy  parsimony. 

The  preservers  and  restorers  of  sacred 
architecture  certainly  have  a  claim  to 
our  warmest  gratitude,  and  I  am 
therefore  induced  to  lay  before  your 
readers  a  short  nctice  of  some  im- 


provements which  have  taken  place  in 
the  immediate  neighbourhood  of  this 
large  city ;  and,  among  many   other 
instances  which   might  be  named,  it 
gives  me    great    pleasure    to     notice 
the    improved    state     of  the  parish 
churches    of   Portbury,    Tickenham, 
and  Portishead,  in  the  diocese  of  Bath 
and  Wells.   In  the  two  former  parishes 
the  inhabitants  have  received  the  kind 
assistance  of    James  Adam   Gordon, 
Esq.  of  Naish  House ;  and  in  the  latter 
parish,  now  coming  considerably  intc 
notice^    the    parishioners    have    been 
aided  by  the  very  ample  and  munifi- 
cent benefactions  of  the  Corporation  of 
this  City,  who  have  given  every  sup* 
port  to  the  restorations  lately  adopted 
in  its  beautiful  church,  and  have  dis« 
pla]^ed  a  most  praiseworthy  example  in 
their  desire  to  provide  accommodation 
in  this  and  other  churches  situated  on 
their  property,  for  the  benefit  of  the 
increasing  population   more  immedi- 
ately connected  with  them. 

The  repairs  of  the  church  at  Portis- 
head have  also  been  considerably  as- 
sisted by  the  liberality  of  the  above 
mentioned  James  Adam  Gordon,  Esq. 
the  lord  of  the  manor  of  that  parish, 
as  well  as  of  Portbury,  a  gentleman  of 
great  taste  and  classical  attainments, 
eminently  skilled  in  the  early  English 
architecture,  a  most  generous  promoter 
of  every  judicious  plan  for  the  restora- 
tion of  the  ecclesiastical  beauties  of 
the  churches  with  which  he  is  con- 
nected, and  who,  in  addition  to  the 
other  services  he  has  rendered,  recently 
presented  to  that  church  a  fine-toned 
organ,  built  by  a  first-rate  London 
artist.  This  church  contains  also  two 
oak  chairs  of  peculiar  beauty,  well 
worthy  the  attention  of  the  antiquary, 
formed  at  the  ex  pence  of  the  Rev.  John 
Noble  Shipton,  B.D.  of  Baliol  Coll. 
Oxford,  who  has  been  many  years 
resident  in  that  parish,  and  a  great 
benefactor  to  that  church,  from  the 
materials  of  the  elegantly  carved  screen 
which  once  separated  the  church  from 
the  chancel,  tne  production  of  an  age 
long  since  passed  away,  but  which  was 
taken  down  and  thrown  by  as  lumber 
upwards  of  half  a  century  ago.  These 
have  lately  been  presented  to  the 
church,  no  expense  having  been  spared 
in  their  formation,  and  are  placed  on 
each  side  of  the  altar.  The  venerable 
buildings  above  described  are  well 
worthy  the  inspection  of  every  admirer 
of  ecclesiastical  architectare.         B.  C. 


ISSO.] 


[    33    ] 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


^  Bxemplan  of  Tudor  Archiieeture,  adapted 
to  modem  HabiUUums:  with  iUustrative 
DttttiU,  selected  from  ancient  Edi/ieex ; 
and  Obiervationt  on  the  Furniture  of  the 
Tudor  Period,  By  F.  F.  Hunt,  Architect, 
Ato.pp,  800.     LoDgxuan,  and  Co. 

OF  domestic  architecture  it  may  be 
said,  that  its  choice  relics  nave 
hitherto  eluded  public  notice;  either 
because  their  value,  as  connected  with 
antient  arts  and  manners,  had  not  been 
duly  appreciated  by  the  local  historian, 
or  because,  as  isolated  subjects,  their 
comniitul  to  the  press  would  hare 
been  little  likely  to  have  recompensed 
the  labours  of  the  author  or  tlie  ex- 
penses of  the  publisher.  On  this  ac- 
count we  cannot  but  own  ourselves 
lomewhat  disappointed  at  not  finding 
in  the  elegant  work  before  us,  instead 
of  a  compilation,  a  large  mass  of  ori- 
ginal matter,  and,  instead  of  a  multi- 
tude of  designs,  some  two  or  three  score 
of  ftood  old  models,  whose  various 
merits  should  have  been  pointed  out 
in  the  text ;  a  work  which  architects 
might  have  resorted  to  as  authority.  In 
short,  a  book  of  antiquity,  as  full  as 
IrJr.  Pugin's,  but  better  selected,  and 
illustrated  with  remarks  and  quo- 
tations. 

But  we  must  take  Mr.  Hunt's  work 
as  he  has  pleased  to  give  it  us  ;  and  as 
a  book  of  designs  it  meets  with  our  full 
approbation.  Mr.  Hunt  has  profited 
more  by  the  choice  models  of  antionity 
than  any  other  architect  with  whom 
we  are  acquainted.  If  we  were  in- 
clined to  find  fault  with  him,  it  would 
be  for  keeping  too  much  in  one  style. 
There  are  nanygood  styles  of  domestic 
architecture';  and  when  Mr.  Hunt 
says  the  arch  ought  to  be  excluded,  he 
is  wrong.  The  pointed  arch  is  the 
essence  of  Domestic,  as  well  as  Eccle- 
siastical architecture  $  and  this,  we 
think,  Mr.  Hunt  will  hereafter  allow, 
when  he  has  a  little  more  studied  the 
subject. 

Section  I.  is  a  dissertation  on  the 
Domestic  Architecture  of  the  sixteenth 
century ;  but  its  peculiar  characteristics 
are  not  sufficiently  pointed  out,  nor  are 
we  always  referred  to  the  buildiofls 
which  the  author  supposes  to  fumiUt 
the  best  models  for  imitation.  This  is 
Gknt.  Mao.  January ^  ISSO. 


very  desirable;  for  the  -  architects  of 
the  present  day  lack  not  models,  but 
taste  in  their  selection. 

**  Domestic  Architecture,*'  says  Mr. 
Hunt,  *'  like  painting  and  sculpture, 
was  greatly  improved  under  the  first 
and  second  Edwards.**  (p.  I.)  We  do 
not  know  whether  this  observation 
applies  to  the  style  of  arch,  or  to  the 
internal  comfort  of  the  houses  of  that 
period.  If  to  the  latter,  it  is  not  proved, 
and  cannot  be  proved ;  if  to  the  for- 
mer, the  relics  of  the  royal  Palace  at 
Westminster  afford  a  contradiction. 
The  architecture  of  that  Palace  was 
exquisitely  beautiful  ;  the  dimensions 
of  the  apartments  grand,  and  its  en- 
richments, whetlier  of  sculpture  or 
]>ainting,  of  almost  uneoualled  beauty 
and  splendour.  The  style  of  architec- 
ture (Henry  lllo  excelled  that  prac- 
tised when  the  Palace  was  founded, 
however  noble  and  commanding,  and 
it  was  incomparably  superior  to  any 
afterwards  established. 

Mr.  Hunt  observes  (p.  3),  "  Henry 
VIII.  was  a  great  builder ;  and  with 
him,  and  not  on  the  dissolution  of  the 
monasteries,  began  that  style  of  house- 
building which  it  is  the  purpose  of 
this  volume  to  illustrate.*'  The  King 
was  certainly  a  patron  of  architecture, 
but  his  munificence  was  far  excelled 
by  that  of  Cardinal  Wolsey,  whose 
buildings  arc  amongst  the  most  valu- 
able models  of  the  age. 

The  style  of  Henry  VIII.*s  reign  was 
not  altogether  new,  but  only  a  modi- 
fication  of  that  of  Henry  Vll.  Do- 
mestic architecture  rose  on  the  ruins  of 
Ecclesiastical  architecture,  which  in 
the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.  had  reached 
its  lowest  and  most  disordered  state. 
Just  so  much  of  the  antient  style  might 
be  applied  to  the  design  of  a  house  as 
'suited  the  fancy  of  the  architect;  but 
he  could  not  safely  take  the  same 
liberty  in  the  style  of  a  church,  nor 
depart  either  from  the  antient  plan  or 

general  style  of  ornament,  without  a 
eparture  also  from  beauty  and  good 
taste. 

"  To  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.**  ob- 
•enres  Mr.  Hunt,  "  we  must  look  for 
models.*'  Hampton  Court  and  Hen« 
grave  Hall  are  tiiost  recommended  as 


34 


Rbview. — Hunt*s  Exemplars  of  Tudor  /Irchitecture,  [Jaoi 


"reducible  to  the  wants  of  the  present 
refined  age.**  This  may  be  doubled, 
even  if  tne  present  were  the  original 
arrangement  of  these  mansions.  Many 
of  the  state  apartments  of  Hampton 
Court  have  been  destroyed,  and  Hen- 
erave  has  undergone  so  much  altera- 
tion, in  the  total  destruction  of  some 
rooms,  and  the  enlargement  or  reduc- 
tion of  others,  that  its  present  internal 
comfort  and  elegance  are  totally  inde- 
pendent of  antiquity.  But,  utter  ail, 
there  is  no  antient  house  which  could 
be  recommended  for  exact  imitation 
(supposing  such  imitation  desirable) 
in  these  days.  This  remark  is  equally 
applicable  to  plan  and  design  ;  both 
may  be  copied  in  parts,  and  the  style 
of  the  latter  ought  to  be  preserved 
throughout,  but  ihc  whole  must  be  made 
to  suit  the  economy  of  the  age  in  which 
we  live.  Before  we  leave  H engrave,  it 
may  be  rematkcd,  en  passant,  that  Mr. 
Hunt  has  drawn  largely  from  Mr. 
Gage's  History,  which  is  indeed  a  very 
valuable  work. 

.  There  is  no  doubt  of  the  use  of  brick 
as  aa  essential  material  in  houses  of 
the  first  magnitude  as  early  as  the  15th 
century,  i.  e.  in  the  reigns  of  Hen.  VI. 
and  Edw.  IV.  Eltham  Hall  is  of 
brick,  with  an  external  facing  of  stone; 
and  the  beautiful  ruins  of  the  gate- 
way of  Nether  Hall,  Essex,  are  wholly 
of  the  same  material,  excepting  the 
internal  arches  which  are  edged  with 
^tonc.  It  was  built  under  Edward  IV. 
whose  badges  combined,  are  carved  on 
wood  in  one  an«le  of  the  interior. 
Hurstmonceaux  Castle  and  Eton  Col- 
lege were  erected  in  the  preceding 
reign ;  and  it  is  difficult  to  believe  that 
these  are  siiecimens  of  the  earliest 
moulded  bricks  used  in  England  ;  if  so, 
it  would  puzzle  antiquaries  to  point 
out  any  improvement  in  that  art  from 
the  above  period  to  the  reign  of  Hen. 
VIII.  It  may  be  noticed  that  bold- 
ness  was  not  a  common  characteristic 
of  the  antient  brick  ornaments,  the 
varieties  of  which,  excepting  on  chim- 
neys, were  few  in  proportion  to  their 
number.  At  East  Barsham,  in  Nor- 
folk, there  is  a  constant  repetition  of 
the  same  devices;  the  cornices  are 
shallow,  but  the  chimneys  and  turrets, 
as  in  most  instances,  are  extremely 
beautiful. 

Cosse?  Hall,  Norfolk,  is  now  build- 
ing for  Lord  Stafford,  under  the  direc- 
tionofMr.J.C.BuctLler.  Red  and  white 


brick  are  used  in  the  construction  of 
this  house,  the  latter  in  the  cornice, 
corbels,  windows,  and  doorways,  and 
from  their  colour  and  size  they  very 
closely  resemble  masonry.  These  bricks 
are  in  large  masses,  perfectly  sound  and 
even,  and  the  arches  of  some  of  the 
doorways,  four  feet  wide,  consist  of 
only  two  pieces.  The  brick  field  is  on 
the  edge  of  the  park,  and  as  the  utmost 
pains  are  taken  in  the  manufacture,  it 
may  be  supposed  that  the  material  is 
of  a  very  superior  quality  both  as  to 
strength  and  colour.  I'he  style  adopted 
by  Mr.  Buckler  is  that  of  Henry  VI II. 
and  the  arch  (to  which  Mr.  Hunt 
objects),  except  within  a  square  archi- 
trave, is  an  excluded  feature.  The 
best  examples  have  been  selected  for 
the  building,  and  there  is  already  no 
mean  display  of  chimneys. 

The  ground- plan  in  Section  II. 
(p.  26.)  somewhat  resembles  that  of 
Lastbury  Hall,  in  Essex.  The  cloister 
is  an  additional  feature ;  its  open  side 
partakes  more  of  modernity  than  of 
antiquity,  but  its  constituent  orna- 
ments are  correct  and  good.  The 
chimney  shafts  are  very  handsome, 
and  the  gate-house  simple  and  in  the 
true  spirit  of  antiquity. 

The  originals  of  the  pirate  and  curi- 
ously embossed  dogs  in  PI.  XV.  p.  58, 
are  at  Haddon  Hall,  in  the  county  of 
Derby. 

In  p.  6l  to  63,  inclusive,  is  an  in- 
teresting list  of  buildings,  distinguished 
by  heraldic  ornaments.  This  species 
of  enrichment  was  equally  beautiful 
and  valuable.  It  was  also  very  com- 
mon, and  it  may  be  observed,  that  it 
was  the  almost  boundless  exercise  of 
this  liberty  of  decoration  in  architec- 
tural design  that,  while  it  contributed 
both  beauty  and  variety,  produced  the 
continual  changes  that  hastened  its 
decline. 

«  The  frets  and  other  fancifid  forms 
which  are  seen  in  the  fronts  of  buildingt, 
formed  of  vitrified  bricks,  were  made  for  the 
purpose  of  employing  in  a  manner  the  leMt 
unsightly,  such  as  were  discoloured  by  burn- 
ing. In  a  clamp,  or  kiln  of  bricks,  a  certaifr 
number  must,  from  their  situation,  be  more 
strongly  acted  upon  by  the  fire  than  the 
general  mass,  and  consequently  becooMr 
darkly  tinged.  With  the  tact  so  peculiar 
to  the  old  artbans,  this,  like  other  seeming 
disadvantages,  was  turned  to  account ;  and 
what  in  other  hands  would  have  been  blem- 
ishes, were  converted  by  them  into  embel- 
lishments.    Instead  of  allowing  the  work- 


jl83a]      RiviBW.— Huttf*  Exempian  of  Tadar  Jrchiiteturtf. 


35 


mtn  to  utt  feach  bricks  inditcrimioately,  mod 
therebj  disfigure  the  walls  with  spots,  thej 
were  selected,  m  being  more  Taluabie  than 
ihe  others,  aod  wrought  into  devices,  re* 
lieviug  the  plainness  of  those  piers  or  surfaces 
which  had  neither  apertures  or  stone  dress- 
ings.    Many  examples  of  this  kind  of  oma- 
Dent  could  be  given,  but  perhaps  those  in 
the  boundary  walls  of  the  antient  manor- 
house  at  Bermondsey,  referred  to  by  Mr. 
J.  C.  Buckler,  in  his  interestmg  <  Account 
of  Eitham  Palace,'  recently  published,  are 
the  most  striking.    They  consisted  of  lo« 
Senges,  with  crosses  upon  their  upper  points, 
two  keys  endorsed,  toe  bows  interlaced  in 
bend,  a  sword  interposed  between  them  in 
bend  sinister  [Mr.  Hunt  thus  prints  the 
blaionry  of  the  arms  of  the  see  of  Win- 
chester, correcting  in  this  instance  a  mistake 
into  which   Mr.  Buckler  had   falleu] ;  the 
sacred  cross,    curiously  constructed ;    the 
cross  of  St.  Andrew ;  intersected  triangles, 
in  allusion  to  the  Holy  Trinity;   the  globe 
and  cross  ;  the  merchant's  mark;  the  badge 
of  the  borough  of  South wark  ;  and  the  re- 
presenution  of  the  west  front  of  a  church, 
with  a  Norman  arch  under  a  gable,  between 
two  towers  whose  pointed  roofs  terminated 
in  crosses.    Tliis  rude  figure  was  seven  feet 
eight  inches  lung;  and  Mr.  Buckler  con- 
jectures that  it  preserved  an  imperfect  idea 
of  the  sacred  edifice  of  Norman  architecture 
which  once  occupied  the  site.     P.  71. 

Thif  origin  of  the  patterns  forined 
of  glazed  bricks,  ts  given  above  by 
Mr.  Hunt,  is  %'ery  ingenious  ;  if  it  be 
correct,  there  must  have  been  a  great 
proportion  of  over-burned  bricks,  as 
scarcely  half  the  number  was  used  in 
the  patterns.  Those  which  were  not 
were  built  up  just  as  they  came  to  the 
handsof  the  workmen.  The  selection 
now-a-days  would  add  to  the  trouble 
and  expense. 

The  followingTcry  judicious  observa- 
tions cannot  be  too  often  repeated  : 

"  Great  auentinn  should  be  given  to  the 
colour  of  plastered  houses.  Mr.  Uvedale 
Price,  who  seems  to  have  deeply  considered 
thb  subject,  observes,  in  his  Essays  on  the 
Picturesque,  that  one  *  of  the  most  charm- 
ing effects  of  sunshine  is  its  giving  to  ob- 
jects not  merely  light,  but  that  mellow 
golden  hue  §o  beautiful  in  itself,  and  which 
when  diffused,  as  in  a  fine  evening,  o%'er  the 
whole  landscape,  creates  that  rich  union 
and  harmony,  so  enchanting  in  nature  and 
in  Claude :    in  auy  scene,  whether  real  or 

Cinted,  where  s«oh  harmony  prevails,  the 
IS  t  discordancy  in  colour  would  disturb 
the  eye ;  but  if  we  svppoee  a  single  object 
of  a  glarbg  white  to  be  introduced,  the 
whole  attention,  in  spite  of  all  our  efforts  to 
the  contrary,  will  be  drawn  to  that  point ; 
if  many  such  objects  be  scattered  about,  the 


eye  will  be  distracted  among  them.    Again 
(to  consider  it  in  another  view),  when  the 
sun  breaks  out  m  gleams,  there  is  something 
that  delights  and  surprises,  in  seeing  an  ob* 
ject,    before    only  visible,    lighted   up  in 
splendour,  and  then  gradually  sinking  into 
shade ;    but  a  whitened  object  is  Mreadj 
lighted  up;  it  remains  so  when  every  thing 
else  has  retired  into  obscurity ;  it  still  forces 
itself  into    notice,  still  impudently  stares 
you  in  the  face.— An  object  of  a  sober  tint» 
unexpectedly  gilded  by  the  sun,  is  like  a  s^ 
rious  countenance  lighted  up  by  a  smile  t  a 
whitened  object,  like  the  eternal  grin  of  a 
fooL     I  wish   however  to  be  understood) 
that  when  I  speak  of  whitewash  and  whiten- 
ed buildings,   I   mean  that  glaring  white 
which  is  produced  by  lime  alone,  or  without 
a  sufficient  quantity  of  any  lowering  ingre- 
dient ;    for  there   cannot  be  a  greater  or 
more  reasonable  improvement  than  that  of 
giving  to  a  fiery  brick  buildiug  the  tint  of  a 
stone  one.    Such  an  improvement,  however, 
should  chiefly  be  coLnned  to  ^ery  brick  ; 
for   when   hrick    becomes  weather  stained 
and  mossy,  it  harmonises  with  other  colours, 
and  has  often  a  richness,  mellowness,  and 
variety  of  tint,  infinitely  pleasing  to  the 
painter's  eye ;    for  the  cool  colour  of  tha 
greenish  moss  lowers  the  fiery  quality,  while 
the  subdued  fire  beneath  gives  a  glow  of  pe- 
culiar character  which  the  fpainter  would 
hardly  like  to  change  for  sny  uniform  colour, 
much   less  for  the  unmixed  whiteness  of 
lime.**     P.  74. 

"  Halls  are  mentioned  of  a  very  early 
date,  built  with  a  middle  and  two  side  aisles 
like  Churches  :  the  original  hall  at  West- 
minster is  said  to  have  been  of  this  form. 
These  observations  of  former  writers,  and 
men  whose  antiquarian  r^earches  entitle 
their  opinions  to  respect,  the  author  begs  to 
say  he  notices  incidentally,  having  no  autho- 
rity of  his  own  to  adduce,  llie  nail  of  the 
Savoy  Hospital  was  cruciform;  its  length 
each  way  was  926  feet,  and  its  width  30 
feet."     P.  95  note. 

The  Guildhall  at  York,  erected  in 
the  15th  century,  is  a  fine  building  on 
the  former  plan.  The  Hall  of  the  ancient 
palace  at  Winchester,  at  least  two  cen- 
turies older,  is  another  existing  ex- 
ample; and  that  Westminster  Hall  was 
originally  subdivided  by  two  rows  of 
arches  and  pillars,  there  can  be  no 
doubt.  The  triple  arches  on  the  exte- 
rior, with  lozenge-shaped  masonry  si- 
milar to  the  Chapter  House  of  Wen- 
lock  Priory,  and  of  the  same  Norman 
character,  appeared  Avhen  the  stone- 
work of  Richard  the  Second's  age  was 
removed  to  make  way  for  the  present 
noble  facade. 

Ceiled  rooms    [nQi    mentioned    in 
Mr.  Hunt*s  book  J  are  of  remote  in- 


M 


RsViftw.— Hunt's  Exemplart  of  Tudor  Architecture.       [Jan. 


tiqaity.  When  the  Hall  occupied  only 
the  lower  story  of  the  house,  as  in 
the  curious  remains  of  the  parsonage- 
house   at  Congresbury  in   Somerset, 
it  was  ceiled  ;  out  in  the  majority  of 
examples    this   noble  apartment   was 
distinguished   for  its  height,  and   its 
chief  architectural  embellishments  ap- 
peared in  its  raftered  roof.  The  Painted 
Chamber,  and  the  Prince's  Chamber 
at  Westminster,   were  covered   with 
flat  ceilings  of  wood,  and  adorned  with 
figures  in  panels  of  great  richness  and 
beauty ;  and  the  roof  of  the  interven- 
ing room  was  arched  in  wood.     Expe- 
rience has  proved  that  flat  ceilings  are 
the  best  for  rooms  of  common  habita- 
tion, and  that  this  opinion  was  early 
entertained,  the  above  examples  may 
testify.    The  Norman  manor-house  at 
Appleton  in  Berks,  is  too  imperfect  to 
be  cited  on  the  same  account;  but  that 
at  Winwal  in  the  parish  of  Wereham 
in  Norfolk,  is  ceiled  after  the  manner 
of  a  modern  house ;  and  the  proof  that 
the  fashion  in  this  instance  is  original, 
appears  in  the  cornice  of  zig-zag  which 
extends  round  the  rooms.    The  choice 
of  flat  ceilings,  therefore,  in  houses  at 
a  period  when  scarcely  the  aile  of  a 
Church,  however  small,  was  left  with- 
out a  groined  vaulting,  is  a  sure  testi- 
mony of  a  system  in  domestic  architec- 
ture, in  which  comfort  and  accommo* 
dation  were  mainly  considered. 

The  Section  on  Furniture  is  very  in- 
teresting, but  has  little  to  do  with  the 
style  of  Domestic  Architecture,  of 
which  the  book  treats.  This  kind  of 
furniture  is  at  best  coarse  and  clumsy, 
—it  will  not  bear  imitation.  Some 
articles  of  beauty  would  no  doubt  be 
found  in  the  dwellings  of  the  ancients ; 
but  they  were  far  inferior  to  us  in  do- 
mestic conveniences,  and  the  fittings- 
up  were  by  no  means  proportioned  to 
tne  magnincence  of  the  building. 

The  engravings,  or  rather  etchings, 
are  very  neatly  executed.  Accuracy 
in  the  outline  and  detail  has  been 
chiefly  regarded,  and  these  are  more 
valuable  in  works  of  (he  present  kind, 
than  the  most  highly  finished  engrav- 
ing. The  drawings  are  from  the  au- 
thor's own  pencil.  One  of  the  sub- 
jects, if  we  are  not  mistaken,  appeared 
in  the  last  year's  exhibition  at  Somer- 
set-house ;  and  several  of  the  eneravings 
have  been  long  before  the  public. 

The  title-page  is  decorated  with  a 
beautiful  wood-cut  of  the  arms  and 
supporters  of  Henry  VII 1.   tastefully 


designed  and  drawn  by  Mr.  Wille- 
ment. 

As  a  work  intended  to  exhibit  the 
skill  of  its  author  in  the  adaptation  of 
ancient  designs  to  modern  habitations, 
this  is  very  valuable  one,  and  likely  to 
correct  the  bad  taste  which,  with  so 
many  fine  models  for  imitation,  still  su« 
perabounds  in  the  profession  to  which 
Mr.  Hunt  belongs.  We  are  glad  to 
see  that  in  these  designs  there  is  no 
slrainins  after  the  picturesque — ^as  if  a 
confused  outline  produced  beauty,  and 
broken  angles,  variety  of  decoration, 
and  irregularly  shaped  features,  atoned 
for  inaccurate  detail,  mixture  of  styles^ 
and  mistaken  notions  of  the  system 
which  governed  the  architects  of^ anti- 
quity. 

Uniformity  certainly  is  not  incon- 
sistent with  what  is  misnamed  goihic 
architecture.  It  did  not  always  extend 
to  inferior  features,  which  however 
were  sometimes  arranged  with  scru- 
pulous exactness.  The  west  frimts  of 
Christ  Church  in  Oxford,  and  Thorn- 
bury  Castle  may  be  named ;  the  latter 
indeed  is  very  imperfect;  but  in  the 
splendid  front  of  Hengrave  Hall  there 
once  appeared,  for  the  sake  of  unifor- 
mity, a  window  on  the  east  side  of  the 
porch,  exactly  like  the  curious  bay 
window  of  the  Chapel  on  the  other 
side. 

In  another  respect,  Mr.  Hunt's  de- 
signs are  highly  creditable  to  his  taste 
and  judgment.    They  are  not  loaded 
with  carved  work ;  he  has  trusted  to 
general  features,  and  has  had  but  little 
to  do  with   minute  ornaments.     He 
who  tricks  out  a  design  with   many 
carvings,  l)etrays  a  want  of  sound  taste, 
and  fancies  he  supplies  with  enrich- 
ment the  deficiency  in  the  order  of  the 
plan  and  the  beauty  of  its  proportions. 
On  the  whole,  it  is  better  to  have  too 
few  than   too  many  ornaments.     By 
simplicity  we  do  not  mean  sullen  se- 
verity, or  a  total  absence  of  decoration, 
but  only  so  much  as  will  serve  to  in- 
crease the  beauty  of  the  design,  the 
merit  of  which  is  always  diminished 
by  excess  in  this  particular. 


The  Vbcabulary  of  East  Anglia  ;  tm  Attempt 
to  record  the  Fulgar  Tongue  of  the  TVmn- 
Sister  Counties  Norfolk  and  Suffolk^  as  it 
existed  in  the  last  Twenty  Years  qf  the 
Eighteenth  Century ^  and  stiU  exists,  toUh 
Proqf  lif  its  AnUquityy  from  Etymology 
and  Authority,    By  the  jUUe  Rev.  Robert 


18Sa]  Rkvibw.— Porby'6  Vocabulary  of  Eaii  AngUa. 


B7 


•    Forbj^  Rector  of  Fmeham,    f  vols,  foat 
800.    Nichols  mod  Son. 

ANCIENT  provincialisms  are  like 
ancient  coins  :  they  form  the  authentic 
materials  of  history.  They  suggest  new 
facts,  and  they  confirm  the  old ;  and 
they  have  the  superior  character  of 
matters  insusceptible  of  error,  fabrica- 
tion, or  opinion.  If  not  an  iota  of 
history  existed  concerning  the  Roman 
conquest  of  Britain,  coins  and  tesselated 
pavements  would  show  it.  It  is,  of 
cotirse,  a  natural  conclusion  that,  if 
there  exist,  as  here  stated  (Preface), 
"  a  remarkable  prevalence  of  Anglo- 
Saxon  nomenclature  in  the  topography 
of  East  Anglia,'*  the  Anglo-Saxons 
had  an  eminent  concern  with  that  dis- 
trict, and  that  circumstances  have  not 
substituted  others  for  the  native  words. 
But,  as  provincialisms  generally  obtain 
among  the  uneducated  ranks,  tne  cause 
is  not  strictly  local,  but  accidental. 
The  authorise  translation  of  the  Bible 
is  almost  entirely  genuine  English, 
and  we  select  from  the  Introduction 
(p.  17)  the  following  demonstrative 
proof: 

"  Then,  wheo  Marj  w%%  coma  where  Jetas 
was,  aad  mw  him,  she  fell  doim  at  hit  feat, 
•aying  unto  him,  <  Lord,  if  thou  hadst  been 
here,  017  brother  had  not  died.'  When  Je- 
•01  therefore  taw  her  weeping,  and  the 
Jews  also  weeping,  which  came  with  her, 
he  groaned  in  spirU  and  was  troubled^  and 
said,  *  Where  have  ye  laid  him  .>'  They  tald 
unto  him,  '  Lord,  come  and  see.*  Jetut 
wept.  •  Then  laid  the  Jews,  *  Behold,  how 
he  loved  him  \  *"    JoAn,  x.  39—36. 

<*  With  the  exception  of  proper  namet, 
which  either  retain  the  same  form  in  all 
lancuaget,  or  are  varied  only  by  tome 
slight  roodificationt,  tliis  passsf^e  contains 
seventy-two  words.  Of  these  all  are  Saxon 
but  the  two  printed  in  in  lulics,  one  of 
which  is  of  Latin,  the  other  of  French 
origin.  This  is  indeed  the  English  of  the 
earlv  put  of  the  century  before  the  last.  It 
is  above  two  hundred  years  old;  but  it  is 
also  the  English  of  the  piesent  day  :  not 
one  of  tlie  words,  as  they  suod  in  tliis  pas- 
sage of  our  New  Testament,  is  either  ob- 
solete or  in  any  degree  unnsiul.  If  the  pas- 
sage had  been  translated  iu  our  time,  we 
should  indeed,  very  prol>al>Iy,  Iiavc  found  it 
less  purely  Saxon.  Passages,  quoted  from 
Robertson,  Home,  Gibbon,  and  Johnson, 
contain  a  much  greater  proportion  of  words 
derived  from  other  languages,  but  wa  must 
not  conclude  that  the  words  which  are  not 
Saxon  could  not  be  supplied  by  Saxon.  On 
the  contrary,  Saxon  terms  mijzht  be  sub- 
stitated  for  almost  all  of  them. 

The  adultcratton  of  the  Saxou  first 


proceeded  from  the  French  ;  and  from 
that  nation  also,  says  Mr.  Forby  (p.41)^ 
the  Latin.  But  to  that  position  there 
are  many  exceptions.  Long  before  the 
Norman  invasion,  there  were  various 
monkibh  works  written  in  Latin,  and 
that  Latin  was  assuredly  derived  from 
Italy,  through  intercourse  with  the 
Romish  see.  Greek  has  been  chiefly, 
almost  wholly,  adopted  from  works  of 
science,  and  is  of  rect^nt  introduction. 

The  indispensable  connection  of  pro« 
fane  knowledge  with  the  state  of  reason 
and  civilisation,  which  is  eoually  in« 
dispensable  to  the  support  of  the  morals 
ana  rationality  of  our  religion,  renders, 
in  our  opinion,  clergymen  who  sup- 
port learning  very  useful  men.  When 
(says  a  trite  anecdote)  it  was  observed 
to  South,  that  "  God  had  no  necessity 
for  human  learning**    " Then  (he  re- 

Klied)  he  can  have  no  necessity  for 
uman  ignorance**  Nor  is  such  learo^ 
ing  incompatible  with  the  sacred  pro- 
fession, or  unbecoming^  it ;  for,  in  the 
first  place,  the  illustrations  of  theology 
are  in  a  great  degree  dependent  upon 
profane  science ;  and,  in  the  next,  the 
exercise  of  the  virtues  do  not  require 
much  expenditure  of  lime  or  previous 
study.  We  know  that  we  are  mdebted 
for  almost  all  the  learned  works,  likely 
to  survive  a  century,  to  eminent  eccle* 
siastics ;  and,  under  the  modern  fa- 
natical prejudice,  it  is  a  counteracting 
medicine  to  laud  and  elevate  indut* 
trious  scholars.  Upon  this  account, 
among  others,  we  shall  give  a  short 
abstract  of  the  "  Memoirs  of  our  Au- 
thor," as  written  by  that  elegant  an- 
tiquary Mr.  Dawson  Turner,  and  an- 
nexed to  this  work. 

Mr.  Forby  was  the  son  of  respecta- 
ble, but  not  opulent  parents,  at  Stoke 
Ferry,  in  the  county  of  Norfolk,  and 
educated  under  Dr.  Lloyd,  at  the  Free 
School  at  Lynn.  From  hence  he  re- 
moved to  Cambridge,  where  he  gradu- 
ated in  178 1 ,  and  soon  after  was  elected 
fellow  of  his  college,  Caius.  The  late 
Sir  John  Berney,  in  an  evil  hour,  in- 
duced him  to  resign  his  fellowship, 
and  abandon  his  college  prospects,  for 
the  sake  of  coming  near  him,  and  un- 
dertaking the  education  of  his  sons. 
Accordingly,  he  received  from  the  Ba- 
ronet the  small  living  of  Horningtoft, 
in  Norfolk,  and  settled  himself  near 
his  patron,  at  Barton  Bendish,  whither 
he  had  taken  his  mother  and  sisters  to 
reside  with  him.  Misfortunes  on  the 
part  of  ihc  Baronet  frustrated  all  his 


38 


RfeviBW. — Forby'0  VocabulaTy  of  East  Jngliu. 


[Jan. 


expectations,  and  he  was  obliged  to 
have  recoarse  to  pupils  for  his  own 
sustenance.  Schoolmasters  are  char- 
tered subjects  of  petty  annoyance ;  and 
Mr.  Tomer  justly  says  : 

"  Every  one  who  bu  been  eonversaDt,  in 
however  slight  a  degree,  with  edacation, 
knows  that  the  daily  and  hourly  annovances 
necessarily  attendant  on  it  are  such,  that  no 
motive  can  ever  thoroughly  reconcile  the 
mind  to  the  irksome  task,  except  the  spur 
of  some  more  irksome  necessity."  P.  xxiii. 

The  truth  is,  that  an  opinion  that 
nobody  would  be  a  schoolmaster  who 
could  possibly  help  it,  induces  people 
to  think  that  ihey  must  and  will  sub- 
mit to  baiting  with  every  kind  of  in- 
dignity ;  and  this  licentiousness  of  in- 
tuit is  savagely  exercised  by  coddling 
mothers  and  purse-proud  fathers.  They 
have  only  the  minds  and  feelings  of 
cattle-drovers ;  and  it  is  useless  to  state 
the  utility  and  convenience  of  the  pro- 
fession, and  the  public  good  of  avoiding 
such  conduct,  that  respectable  people 
may  be  induced  to  become  tutors. 
In  their  opinion,  pecuniary  obligation 
ought  to  make  only  humble  friends 
and  upper  servants.  Poor  Forby  was 
more  than  once  stung  by  such  insects 
as  to  character.  But  though,  upon 
the  death  of  his  uncle,  the  Rev.  Joseph 
Forby,  he  succeeded  him  in  the  va- 
luable family  living  of  Fincham,  he 
still  continued  a  schoolmaster.  In 
1803,  he  added  to  this  drudgery  that 
of  being  an  acting  justice,  deputy- 
lieutenant,  and  commissioner  of  the 
land-tax.  As  he  had  complained  of 
being  in  the  frying-pan,  as  a  school- 
master, so  it  seems  that,  through  the 
official  labours,  he  had  only  jumped 
out  of  it  into  the  Bre ;  hacl  got  into 
roasting  as  well  as  frying;  for  he  says : 

*'  Of  the  fatigue  of  my  daily  domestic 
occupations   you   are  a  competent  judge : 
this  is  to  be  added  to  the  other ;  and  when 
I  have  left  home,  soon  after  breakfast,  and 
return  at  five  o'clock  to  a  solitary  dinner, 
which  I  abhor,  with  my  head  full  of  parish- 
rates,   surveyors*  accounts,  vagrants,  run- 
away  husbands,  assaults,  petty   larcenies, 
militia-lists,  and  substitutes ;  tax-duplicates 
and  distress- warrants,  some  or  all  of  these 
jumbled  together  in  fi  horrid  confusion ;  and, 
my  dinner  dispatched,  sit  dowu  to  have  my 
acirmg  head   split  by  prosaic  verses,   had 
themes,  or  abominable  lessons,  tell  me  is  it 
wonderful  if  I  take  up  any  slight  amusement 
that  lies  in  my  ways,  kick  off  my  shoes  and 
lounge  by  the  fireside^  or  try  to  win  six- 
pence of  my  mother  at  cribbage  ?"  P.  xxvi. 

Mr.  Dawson  Turner  ascribes  his  en- 


durance of  this  fatigue,  after  the  ac- 
quisition of  a  living,  to  use  becoming 
a  second  nature.  But  as  he  also 
wrote  poetical  squibs,  essays,  &c.  we 
apprehend  that  he  had  a  veiy  active 
mind,  a  natural  consequence  of  high 
cultivation,  and  active  minds  require 
perpetual  excitement.  Indolence  is 
misery. 

His  clerical  duties  were  performed 
in  a  most  satisfactory  matnner ;  he  was 
a  good  reader,  an  eloquent  preacher^ 
a  comforter  and  benefactor  to  the  poor ; 
in  private  life  an  excellent  aon ;  and, 
as  Mr.  Turner  says,  in  his  general  cha- 
racter, a  most  valuable  man. 

He  continued  to  pursue,  with  the 
addition  only  of  literary  amusements, 
among  which  was  this  work,  the  kind 
of  life  which  we  have  described,  until 
December  20,  1825. 

«<  Upon  that  day  a  gentleman  called  to 
see  him,  about  one  o'clock,  while  he  was 
taking  his  bath,  as  utoal.  After  waiting 
a  considerable  period,  the  hmily  became 
alarmed,  and  upon  opening  the  door,  they 
found  that  he  had  fainted  in  the  water,  and 
had  been  suffocated,  and  had  evidently  been 
dead  some  time.*'  p.  xiv.. 

Bishop  Heber,  it  will  be  remember- 
ed, met  with  a  similar  death;  and 
therefore  we  would  recon^mend  the 
more  harmless  substitute  of  a  shower- 
bath. 

We  shall  now  proceed  to  the  work. 
It  is  hardly  possible  that  words,  pro- 
fessed to  be  purely  Saxon  or  Old 
English,  should  be  merely  provincial, 
because  the  language  was  national. 
We  shall  therefore  take  for  our  ex- 
tracts certain  words  not  of  limited  ap- 
plication. 

<<  GuMPTiov,  5. understanding;  Jamik- 
SOK  and  P£OGe.  Common  sense ;  Jenvinos. 
Common  sense  combined  with  energy; 
BaocKETT.  With  us  it  seems  rather  to 
mean  address  and  shrewdness.  It  is  a  good 
word,  and  may  have  many  shades  of  meaning. 
Moes-g.  gaumian,  percipere.  BaocKxrr  has 
gttwm  in  this  sense."  ii.  145. 

This  is  ingenious  and  correct,  for 
there  still  is  a  verb,  io  gawm,  t.  e.  to 
mind.  Watson  says,  *'In  Halifax,  not 
to  gawm  a  man,  is  not  to  mind  him. 
But  in  the  next  parish,  within  Lanca- 
shire, to  gawm  IS  to  understand  or  to 
comprehend,  and  a  man  is  said  to 
gawm  that  which  be  can  hold  in  hia 
hands.  For  thia  reason  a  person  is  said 
there  to  be  gawmlets  when  his  fingert 
are  so  cold  and  frozen  that  be  has  not 
the  proper  use  of  ihtm  "'^(Watson*s 
Haliifax,  in  Face,) 


188a]          Rbtibw.— -Forby's  Vocahulafy  of  Easi  AngUa.  ^0 

That  the  origin  is  here  correct  is  santry,  and  a  mongrel  in  mjxed  classes. 
beyond  donbt;  but,  as  Tyrwhit  says.  Genuine  English  will  suffer  an  ex- 
French  words  were  Saxonised  ;  so  dpes  tinction  to  an  extensive  degree,  and 
it  appear  also,  from  the  termination,  books  liite  these  will  uhimately  be  its 
ion,  that  Saxon  words  were,  vice  versd,  only  preservative.  Now  for  the  proof. 
Frenchified,  f^mpiion  being  made  op  The  number  of  derivatives  in  Johnson 
out  ot  gawmlton,  is  stated  to  be,  from  the 

**TAWTnvM%,  s. pi,  tart;  whims;  abtiird  . 

lirMks ;  high  ropes.     Though  the  seutes  do  h^^'^. ®»^^* 

■oc  seMB  exaetlj  coiacideot,  it  is  probably  French 4,81 2 

ffomFr.  tranlrantr     Wilbhaham  Chesh.  %^°^    J>665 

Gloss,  and  Bhockett,  ii.  34«.  "^*"    ^>48 

Trantran  is,  in  Colcravc,  "  the  land  * 

resoundinff,  or  sound   of   a    hunter's  14,867 

horn."    We   have  thought,  that  ian*  The  total  number  of  derivati^ei  is 

tomm  (Lat)  was  the  real  origin  ;   but  15,782— deduct  14,  357,  the  remainder 

trantran^  the  r  being  sunk  for  euphony,  is  only  1 ,4S5. 

iriio  tantran,  is  far  bettcn    As,  lo  gwe  Thus  it  appears  that  educated  people 

ktmselfatrt:  atr,  a  dissyllabic,  is  Fr.  ^ally  talk  Uiin  and  French;  and  if 

Anger,  from  the  Latin  tra,  and  atr*,  any  of  our  leisurely  correspondents  will 

adj.  IS  angrjr,  choleric ,  but  the  phrase,  ,akc  the  trouble  of  counting  the  wordt 

dMner  mr  (i.  e.  atr  the  monosyllable  or  of  a  Bible  Concordance,  they  will  easily 

diphthong)  i»  to  publish,  reveal,  &c.  ,ee  how  much  of  the  real  English  ton- 

On  the  Ai^A  fo/»e#,  is  an  obvious  me-  g^  js  retained  in  memory.     Perhaps 

uphor  from  funambulism.  ihey  will  find  that,  were  it  not  for  the 

'*  r?  T**  T.  ^  *"^  ^V  *: ':  *^  translation  of  the  Bible,  and  the  Li- 

make  bun  lower  bui  to»e  .nd  be  subm^v..  ^ngHsh  would  soon  become  a 

It  mav  posMbly  be  denved  from  the  *  am-      ,u*^  u„™^      T»   :.   «.«i- 

ble. •  WthTdJtr,  which  were  the  perquisite  ^^^^  >»"?»««*•     }^  »   ^xilj  now  pre- 

of  the  buoumao  ;  and  if  so,  it  sWld  be  ''^-V'^J^Tnu   "  ^f '^V'*''  ^"^  <^'8- 

writun  umHe-tHe,  the  food  of  inferiors."  U.  "'"~  "y/"*^  Church  Service.     At  pre- 

48«.  »«nt  ^  'fo^g  (3  black-/e|^,  or  a  black 

Umlle  is  certainly  taken  from  urn-  S^<'^^>  ^^  ^^^^  "o^  which)  is  intro- 

bilicui.  diiced   into  gentlemanly,  though  not 

These  few  specimens  will  show  what  official,  diction.    Such  things  are  mat- 

a  valuable  accession  this  work  is  to  the  *^"  o^  course,  but  they  are  nevertheless 

philologist  and  antiquary.  disgusting. 

We  ought  further  to  observe,  that  Mr.  Forby  has,  in  this  work,  left  a 
the  Glossary  does  not  form  the  whole  legacy  of  very  considerable  value  to  the 
of  this  work ;  there  is  also  a  copious  philologist.  He  evidently  was  a  man 
and  elaborate  dissertation  upon  the  nighly  qualified,  by  long  residence  in 
origin  and  history  of  our  language,  his  native  county,  bv  accurate  obserta- 
which  merits  study;  and  Mr.  Forby *s  tion,  and  unremitted  study,  for  the  task 
remarks  on  East  Anglian  pronunciation  he  delighted  in  ;  and  it  is  to  be  regretted 
and  grammar,  stamp  an  additional  va-  that  he  did  not  live  to  complete  his  in- 
loe  on.  his  work.  But  %ve  shall  not  tentions.  The  present  publication  con- 
stop  here  as  to  the  value  of  such  works,  tains  between  two  anu  three  thousand 
Few  people  know  that  only  one  word  words  ;  but  Mr.  Forby  was  of  opinion 
in  English,  out  of  twelve,  is  spoken  that,  if  a  general  vocabulary  of  all  the 
by  educated  people.  We  have  seen  a  English  provincialisms  were  formed, 
fable  in  which  the  derivatives,  as  stated  thirteen  thousand  words  might  be  Col- 
in Johnson's  Dictionary,  are  numeri-  lectrd.  This  is  still  a  great  desideratum 
cally  summed  up.  Though  it  is  not  in  our  literature,  and  we  trust  will  ul- 
maoe  %viih  philosophical  accuracy,  we  timaiely  be  accotnplished.  Upon  the 
are  clear  that,  on  a  broad  scale,  it  is  whole,  we  can  safely  recommend  Mr. 
sufficient ;  for  it  is  to  be  recollected  that  Forby's  work  to  the  attention  of  those 
we  are  not  discussing  all  the  words  who  are  interested  in  the  history  of 
of  a  language,  only  those  of  the  great  their  native  tongue  ;  and  it  cannot  fail 
lexicographer,  who  certainly  did  not  to  gratify  particularly  those  whom  bu- 
inclu(»  vulgarisms.  From  hence  it  will  siness  or  other  caufcs  may  brinjg  into 
clearly  appear  that,  as  education  ad-  contact  with  the  lower  orders  in  the 
%*ances,  we  shtll  hare  two  dialecb,  twin-sister  counties  whose  peculiarities 
broadly  marked,  in  the  gentry  and  pea-  of  idiom  arc  explained  in  it. 


4Q 


RsviBW. — Dr.  Lardner's  Cabinet  Qfclopiedia, 


[Jan. 


Dr.  Lardner's  Cabinet  CydofMtdia : — FbL  I, 

History  qf Scotland.   5y  Sir  Wdter  Scott. 

— Fol.  11,  History  of  Maritime  and  Inland 

Discovery. 

THIS  i»  one  of  those  new  engines  of 
instruction  so  peculiarly  characteristic 
of  the  age  of  improvement  in  which 
we  live.  Its  plan  and  arrangements  are 
entitled  to  our  best  commendations; 
for,  as  intellectual  food,  be  its  quality 
what  it  may,  is  now  as  essential  to 
our  existence  as  our  cor|)oreal  aliment, 
too  much  praise  cannot  be  bestowed 
on  those  who  hgive  adopted  the  best 
means  of  ensuring  an  abundant  and 
cheap  supply  of  the  most  healthful. 
The  design  of  the  Cabinet  Cyclopadia 
is,  the  furnishing  popular  compen- 
diums  of  all  that  is  useful  and  interesting 
in  art,  science,  and  literature,  from  the 
pens  of  the  most  eminent  writers  of  the 
day.  A  twofold  advantage  is  secured  by 
the  employment  of  none  but  the  most 
profound  and  oractised  writers  in  this 
undertaking.  Cj^^e  high  reputation  of 
such  men,  and  the  generous  emulation 
to  which  their  simultaneous  co-opera- 
tion roust  give  birth,  will  be  a  guaran- 
tee of  not  only  the  intellectual  excel- 
lence, but,  what  is  far  more  important, 
the  motal  tendency  of  their  produc- 
tionsj^  Tim*  it  is  that  induces  us  to 
augur  well  of  the  Cabinet  Cyclo|}aedia, 
ana  to  hail  it  as  a  valuable  addition  to 
our  literature. 

With  reference  to  the  two  volumes 
of  the  Cabinet  Cyclopaedia  which  are 
now  lying  before  us,  a  few  words  will 
suffice  to  express  our  opinion  of  their 
very  great  merits.  The^^  are  both  the 
fruits  of  the  most  extensive  and  pains- 
taking research,  conveyed  in  a  style  of 
such  unbroken  interest,  that  the  widest 
and  loftiest  views  are  as  easily  compre- 
hended by  the  reader  as  the  narrative 
of  the  simplest  fact.  The  History  of 
Scotland,  by  Sir  Walter  Scott,  is  a 
beautiful  illustration  of  the  grace  and 
eflfect  which  sober  reality  assumes  when 
treated  by  the  pencil  of  genius.  In  no 
work  with  which  we  are  acquainted, 
is  the  progress-^in  fact,  the  romance 
of  manners,  painted  with  more  historic 
fidelity,  or  with  half  so  much  pictu- 
resque vividness  of  colouring.  This, 
indeed,  is  the  great  charm  of  the  work 
-—which  will  ensure  it  lasting  popu- 
larity. 

The  progress  of  manners  is  also  in  a 

treat  degree  the  main  object  of  the 
listorv  of  Maritime  Discovery,  but  ne- 
cessarily on  a  more  generalizing  scale. 


"  It  has  for  its  object,''  says  the  wri- 
ter, "  in  some  measure  the  defining 
the  species,  but  is  more  immediately 
connected  with  the  advancement  of 
navigation  and  commercial  enterprise. 
Instead  of  confining  the  attention  to 
the  fortunes  of  a  particular  commu- 
nity, it  carries  the  eye  of  the  enquirer 
continually  abroad,  to  survey  all  the 
nations  of  the  earth,  to  mark  the  know- 
ledge they  obtained  of  one  another, 
and  the  extent  of  their  mutual  ac- 
quaintance.'* As  the  condensation  of 
facts  in  a  work  of  this  nature  is  ne- 
cessarily greater  than  in  that  of  the 
History  of  Scotland,  the  difficulty  is 
increased  of  sustaining  the  interest  of 
the  narration.  As  a  counterbalance, 
however,  the  individual  sympathy  with< 
wild  adventure  and  herotc  suffering  ia 
more  unremittingly  excited,  and  the 
thirst  of  curiosity  more  constantly  in- 
flamed to  the  end  of  the  volume.  We 
know  not,  therefore,  which  volume  is 
the  most  interesting;  for,  if  the  His* 
tory  of  Scotland  abounds  more  in  pic- 
turesoue  scenes  of  chivalrous  barons 
and  neroic  knights,  the  History  of 
Maritime  Discovery,  besides  reflecting 
a  philosophic  light  on  the  origin  and 
customs  of  the  various  nations  of  the 
earth — enchains  the  attention  more 
by  the  spirit  of  adventure,  which  from 
the  birth  of  the  human  race  has  urged 
on  individuals — here  to  explore  Nature 
in  her  **  unmolested  but  barbarous 
majesty,** — there  to  unfold  the  charm 
which  encirles  every  thing  coooected 
with  the  splendid  dreams  of  the  an- 
cient kingdoms  of  the  east,«-or«  with 
Columbus,  to  dash  over  a  trackless 
ocean  to  the  possession  of  a  new  world. 

In  our  selection  of  extracts,  we  shall 
depart  from  the  course  usually  follow- 
ed in  the  cas^  of  eulogy,  and,  instead 
of  an  extract  which  we  might  submit 
to  the  reader  with  our  unqualified 
commendations,  we  shall  present  to 
them  our  reasons  for  not  adopting  two 
new  opinions  which  Sir  Waiter  Scott 
and  the  historian  of  Maritime  Disco- 
very have  promulgated  in  their  re- 
spective volumes. 

It  would  appear  from  the  following 
passage,  that  Sir  V\'alter  Scott  inclines 
to  the  belief  that  Richard  the  Second 
did  not,  as  is  generally  asserted,  ter- 
minate his  life  within  a  short  period 
after  his  deposition,  but  lived  a  cap- 
tive for  many  years  in  Scotland. 

<<  There  b  a  story  told  by  Bower,  or 
Bowmaktr,   the   contimiator  of  Fordan's 


1830.]         Rsvisw.^Str  W.  Scott*8  MUimy  of  Scotland. 


41 


ChroiHcfo,  which  hat  htthcfto  htn  tfMlad 
M  fiibvloot  by  Um  mora  modern  hittonant. 
Tht»  tt^ry  besft,  thaC  Ricbud  11.  g«Q«r«lly 
Mppowd  Co  h«v«  been  m«rd«rtd  at  Pont** 
fmet  CmOo,  tiUmr  by  tho  <•  fitreo  haMl  of 
aSr  Pion  of  BxCoa/'  or  by  tbo  ttovm-  tmd 
moM  ora«l  dMth  of  fcmint,  did  in  imdlty 
maim  hit  otenpa  bv  anbik^  from  hi*  plaet 
of  eoafiDMMBt ;  timt  bo  fled  in  disguito  to 
the  Soottask  itU*,  and  was  recocniMd  in  tho 
dominion*  of  th«  Lord  of  the  iMes  by  a  ew 
tain  fool  or  icater,  who  had  baan  ^miliar  in 
the  court  ot  Engbndf  aa  being  no  other 
than  the  dethroMd  kitt|f  of  thu  kingdom. 
Boarer  nrooeedi  to  state,  that  the  person  of 
iUehardli.  thas  diacovered,  waa  delivered 
UD  by  the  Lord  of  the  Islee  to  the  Lord 
Mootffomery,  and  br  him  presented  to  Ro* 
bert  III.  by  whom  he  was  honourably  and 
beeeeminghr  maintained  during  all  the  mra 
of  thas  prince'a  Kfi.  After  the  deatn  of 
Robert  III.  this  Richard  is  stated  to  hare 
been  snpported  in  maenifioeoee,  and  even  in 
roynl  sUte*  by  the  Dnke  of  Albany ;  to  hare 
ai  length  died  in  the  oaatle  of  Stirling,  and 
to  haM  been  interred  in  the  church  of  the 
Friars  theie»  at  the  north  angle  of  the  altar. 
This  singular  legend  is  alto  attested  by  ano> 
thcr  cnotemporary  historian,  Winton,  the 
prior  of  Ix>chle««n.  He  tellt  the  ttory 
with  some  slight  diflereneet,  particularly 
that  the  fugitive  and  deposed  monarch  waa 
rec<^ized  by  an  Irish  lady,  the  wife  o(  a 
brother  of  the  Lord  of  the  Islet,  that  had 
seen  him  in  Ireland — that,  being  charged 
with  being  King  Richard,  he  denied  it,— 
that  he  was  placed  in  custody  of  the  Lord 
of  MontgoflMry^  and  afterwards  of  the  Lord 
of  Cumbemanld,— and,  finally,  that  he  waa 
long  under  the  care  of  the  Regent  Duke  of 
Albany.  *  But  whether  lie  was  King  or 
not,  few,'  said  tlie  chronicler  of  Lochlevei^ 
*  knew  with  certainty.  The  mysterious  per- 
sonage en  hibited  Tittle  devotion,  would  sel- 
dom incline  to  hear  roass^  and  bore  himself 
like  one  half  wild  or  distracted/  Serle  also. 
Yeoman  of  the  Robes  to  Richard,  was  exe- 
cuted because,  coming  from  Scotland  to 
England,  he  reported  that  Richard  was 
alive  iu  the  latter  country.  This  legend,  of 
so  much  importance  to  Um  history  of  botli 
North  and  South  Britain,  has  Iwen  hitherto 
treated  aa  fabulous^  But  the  reftearches 
and  industry  of  the  latest  histortao  of  Scot* 
land  (Mr.  TyUer)  have  curiously  illustrated 
this  point,  and  shown,  from  evidence  col- 
lected in  the  original  records,  that  this  cap* 
tive,  called  Ricliard  II.  actually  Kved  many 
years  in  Scotland,  and  was  supported  at  the 
pubTic  ex  pence  of  that  country. 

**  It  is  then  now  clear  that,  to  coonter- 
bahmce  the  advantage  which  Henry  IV. 
postessed  over  the  regent  of  Scotland,  by 
having  in  hb  custody  the  penon  of  Jamea, 
and  consequently  th«  power  of  putting  an 
end  to  the  delegated  government  of  Albany 

GtiTT.  Mao.  JamuaTy^  1830. 

6 


whenever  he  should  think  fit  to  at!  the 
voung  King  at  liberty,  Albany,  on  hia  aida, 
ond  in  hia  keeping  the  person  of  Richard  II. 
or  of  some  one  strongly  reeembling  him,  a 
praaonar  whose  captivity  was  not  of  laaa  im- 
portance to  the  tranquillity  of  Henry  IV.» 
who  at  no  period  poeseeaed  hia  usurped 
throne  in  such  security  as  to  view  with  in- 
difference a  real  or  preUnded  resuacitation 
of  the  deposed  Richard.*' 

Sir  Walter  informf  us  that  the  evi- 
dence of  this  very  inierestinc  fact  will 
appear  in  the  third  volame  of  Mr.  Tyt- 
ler's  History  of  Scotland.  We  have 
not  yet  seen  that  evidence,  which  must 
certainly  be  curious,  but,  we  are  in- 
clined to  think,  merely  as  demonstra- 
tive of  the  great  pains  ukcn  by  Albany 
to  encourace  a  delusion,  which  he  it 
alieady  well  known  to  have  attempt- 
ed to  propagate.  In  our  opinion,  dir 
Walter  gives  the  fabrication  too  hidh 
a  degree  of  credit,  not,  perhaps  duiw 
considering  the  fact»  that  Richard^t 
body  was  exposed  in  London  to  the 
public  view,  in  order  that  its  identitaf 
might  not  he  a  matter  of  question.  U 
should  be  considered  that,  notwith* 
standing  that  precaution  of  Henry,  tha 
Scottish  Regciit  would  certainly  have 
sufficient  reason  to  pursue  his  plan  of 
deception,  since  among  the  norlhem 
English  living  at  a  distance  from  the 
Metropolis,  and  particularly  those 
a nii* Lancastrians  whose  hopes  would 
stimulate  iheir  belief,  there  were  doubt- 
less many  willingly  credulous  of  so 
plausible  a  tale. 

In  the  notice  of  the  Scottish  palla- 
dium in  p.  67,  there  are  two  or  three 
inaccuracies  of  expression.  The  stone 
is  said  to  '*  form  the  support  of  King 
Edward  the  Confessor's  chair;'*  more 
correctly  it  should  be  described  as  con- 
tained within  the  seat  of  the  Corona- 
tion chair ;  which  chair  there  is  no 
other  authority  to  call  Edward  the 
Confessor's,  except  that  it  usually 
stands  in  that  part  of  the  Abbey  called 
St.  Edward's  Chapel,  and  near  the 
shrine  erected  by  Kins  Henry  the 
Third  to  his  canonized  predecessor* 
Its  architectural  ornaments  are  de* 
cidcdly  of  the  age  of  Edward  I.  and 
that  is  remarkably  confirmed  to  be  the 
«ra  of  its  formation  by  a  passage  in  the 
Wardrobe  Accounu  of  1300,  which 
mentions  the  **nova  cathedra  in  qua 
Peira  Scocie  reponitur."  In  addition, 
— -notwithstanaing  the  abbey-church 
of  Westminster   contains    tnis   moat 


42 


Review. — LArdncr*s  History  of  Discovery, 


[Jan- 


pre-eminent  of  chairs,  it  yet  has  no 
right  to  the  epithet  of  "  cathedra!," 
which  is  inadvertently  besiowed  upon 
it  by  the  historian. 

In  p.  173  it  is  mentioned  that,  on 
the  expedition  of  Edward  Baliol  in 
1314,  Edward  the  Third  "prohibited 
the  disinherited  Barons  entering  Scot- 
land by  the  land  frontier,  but  connived 
at  their  embarking  at  the  obscure  sea- 
port of  Ravenshire,  near  the  mouth  of 
the  H umber."  This  obscure  sea-port, 
now  lost  in  the  waves,  was  situated,  as 
the  liistorian  says,  quite  at  the  mouth 
of  the    H umber,    whilst  the   present 

freat  port  of  that  river,  Kingston  upon 
[ull,  is  about  fifteen  miles  inland.  It 
is  the  same  at  which  Henry  of  Lan- 
caster and  Edward  of  York  each  land- 
ed on  their  successful  invasions,  and 
is  therefore  highly  memorable  in  Eng- 
lish history.  The  chroniclers  generally 
call  it  Ravenspurg,  under  which  name 
it  occurs  more  than  once  in  Shaks- 
peare.  Its  still  older  appellation  is 
Havcnser,  from  which  comes  the  in- 
correct ** shire'*  of  Sir  Walter  Scott; 
but  perhaps  the  best  modern  ortho- 
graphy is  Ravenspurne,  the  adjacent 
point  of  land  being  still  called  the 
Spurn-head.* 

The  writer  of  the  History  of  Mari- 
time and  Inland  Discovery  questions 
the  truth  of  the  opinion  generally 
adopted  bv  historians,  that  by  the  term 
Cassiterides  the  ancients  meant  the 
Scilly  Isles  and  Cornwall,  then  sup- 
posed to  be  an  island. 

<<  The  Greek  name  for  tin  (cassUerosJ 
wM  derived,  it  hat  been  supposed,  from  the 
Phoenicians,  who  originally  nsurped  the 
whole  trade  of  the  Mediterranean.  It  is 
not  of  importance  to  controvert  this  opi- 
nion, which,  however,  evidently  rests  on  the 
erroneous  supposition  that  the  word  Kasdira 
WAS  a  primary  and  original  term  of  the  Phce- 
nician  language.  Tlie  name  Cassiterides 
(tin  islands)  is  evidently  but  an  epithet,  im- 
plying the  want  of  particular  acquaintance 
with  ihe  countries  thus  vaguely  denomi- 
nated. But,  as  geographers  feel  peculiar 
pleasure  in  fixing  the  position  of  every  wan- 
dering name,  the  title  of  tin  islands  was  in- 
considerately bestowed  by  Greek  and  Roman 
writers,  at  one  time  on  real  islands  in  which 
there  was  no  tin,  at  another  on  imaginary 
islands  near  the  coasts  abounding  in  that 
metal.     Almost  all  these  accounts  refer  the 


*  See  '*OcelIum  Promontorium ;  with 
Historic  Facts  relative  to  the  Sea- port  and 
Market- town  of  Ravenspurne,  by  Thomas 
Thompson^  esq.  F.S.A."  8vo,  18S2. 


Cassiterides  to  the  c6ast  of  Spain.  Some 
writers  place  them  many  days  sail  in  the 
Western  Ocean ;  others,  nearly  oj^site  to 
Coruuna ;  but  they  are  never  mentioned  by 
ancient  authors  (with  a  single  exception) 
with  respect  to  their  distance  from  the  coast 
of  Britain ;  a  circumstance  which,  to  those 
acquainted  with  the  ancient  system  of  navi- 
gation, must  be  a  convincing  argument  that 
the  Cassiterides  were  not  the  Scilly  Islands. 
Caesar  and  Tacitus,  though  they  mention 
the  gold,  silver,  iron,  and  pearls  of  Britainy 
take  hardly  any  notice  of  its  tin  mines. 
Pliny,  moreover,  after  discussing  all  the  ac- 
counts relating  to  the  Cassiterides,  concludes 
that  these  islands  had  but  a  £sbulous  exist- 
ence, and  observes,  that  in  hia  time  tin  waa 
brought  from  Galicia«" 

Against  this  it  may  be  confidently  af- 
firmed that,  without  adopting Bochart's 
conjecture,  that  the  term  Brt/anntc  is  de- 
rived from  the  Hebrew  Baratanac,  or 
the  land  of  tin  ;  or  Mr.  Turner's  con- 
jecture, that  it  might  rather  come  from 
the  Arabic  Bahrai  Anuk,  the  country 
of  tin  ;  the  circumstances  mentioned 
by  Strabo  and  other  ancient  writers  of 
the  Cassiterides,  apply  only  to  the  Bri- 
tish isles.  They  were  ten  in  number; 
the  largest  was  called  Siluta  or  Sig" 
delis  (hence  Scilly).  They  possessed 
tin  and  lead  mines,  which  no  other 
island  in  the  same  track  of  the  ancient 
navigators  had ;  they  were  opposite  to 
the  Aslabri  (Galicia  in  Spain)  with  a 
bend  to  the  north  from  them;  they 
looked  towards  Celtiberia;  the  sea  was 
much  broader  between  them  and  Spain 
than  between  them  and  Britain ;  and 
they  lay  in  the  great  Iberian  Sea;  all, 
which  circumstances  apply  only  and 
entirely  to  the  Scilly  Isles. 

Pliny  does  not,  as  the  writer  infers, 
proclaim  the  fabulousness  of  the  Cassi- 
terides, but  his  isnorance  of  their  posi- 
tive locality.  He  tells  that  the  first 
Phenician  navigator  who  plumhum  ex 
Cassiteride  insula  primus  apporiatil, 
wns  one  Midacritus.  (See  his  Hist. 
Nat.  lib.  vii.  c.  37,  and  Camden's  Bri- 
tannia.) 

StLUui,  a  Poem,    By  Robert  MontgooMry. 
ISmo.  ^.  891.     Maunder. 

OF  the  previoas  volumes  of  Robert 
Montgomery  we  have  spoken  in  very 
fa\'ourable  terms.  In  delivering  our 
opinions,  we  have  neither  follovved 
the  current  of  extravagant  praise,  nor 
have  we  interposed  between  him  and 
a  certain  portion  of  the  press,  the  seve- 
rity of  whose  criticism  seems  to  par- 


183a] 


RBVfBW.-»Montgoaiery*6  Satan,  a  Poem. 


43 


lake  of  the  character  of  personal  hos- 
tility rather  than  of  fair  and  liberal 
discussion.  Judging  for  oorsehres,  w.e 
shall  now,  as  before,  offer  our  unbiass- 
ed sentiments  on  the  poem  before  us. 
The  subject,  as  will  have  been  seen  by 
the  title,  is  Satan ;  and  if  we  may  so 
speak,  the  Satan  of  Mr.  Montgomery's 
imagination,  rather  than  the  Evil  Spi- 
rit of  Holy  Writ ;  or  he  may  be  de- 
scribed as  the  *'  Archangel  ruined,"  at 
the  moment  when,  weeping  over  the 
millions  "  amerced  of  Heaven," 

*'  Wovds   interwove  with  sighs  found  oat 
their  vsj." 

We  remember  Lord  Byron  excuses 
the  blasphemies  of  the  apostate,  in  the 
poem  or  Cain,  and  remarks,  that  he 
nas  not  made  the  *'  Devil  converse  like 
a  cler^man.'*  Now  herein  we  pre- 
sume lay  the  difficulty  of  Mr.  Mont- 
Komery  in  his  choice  of  this  subject; 
ne  was  either  to  make  Satan  an  incon- 
sistent being,  and  talk  *'  like  a  clergy- 
roan,"  or  he  would  have  offended  pious 
ears,  by  putting  into  the  mouth  of  the 
only  speaker  he  has  introduced  such 
language  as  the  "  father  of  lies,**  and 
the  arcn  blasphemer,  may  be  supposed 
to  have  uttered.  It  is  evident  that  his 
good  taste  would  recoil  from  such  a 
monologue ;  he  has  therefore  preferred 
the  more  amiable  course,  and  by  so 
doing  has  fallen  into  many  inconsis- 
tencies; in  fact,  there  is  a  perpetual 
shifting  between  the  poet  and  the  ima- 

Sinary  being  he  hascreated, — we  would 
e  understood  to  speak  in  a  very  re- 
stricted sense ;  and  frequently,  instead 
of  that  natural  exultation  which  the 
•*  prince  of  the  power  of  the  air" 
would  exhibit  in  witnessing;  the  va- 
rious instruments  of  his  warfare  against 
God  and  man,  successfully  engaged  in 
his  scfvice,  he  reasons  with  almost  a 
seraph's  pitjr  on  the  vices  and  crimes 
bv  which  his  own  dominion  is  upheld. 
We  have  no  objection  that  the  Devil 
should  be  a  poei,  and  that  he  should 
speak  the  language  of  his  craft.     We 

Jjuarrel  not  with  him  for  his  taste  and 
eeling;  all  these  are  his  legitimate 
weapons ;  but  %ve  cannot  reconcile  to 
our  ideas  of  good  keeping  the  notion 
of  our  "adversary  going  about  like  a 
roaring  lion  seeking  whom  he  may  de- 
vour,' and  the  Satao  of  Mr.  Montgo- 
nierr,  rebuking  sin,  arguing  against 
infidelity,  and  being  like  the  Relzebub 
of  tlie  Jews,  <*  divided  against  him- 
self."   Far  he  it  frotn  us  to  be  so  mis- 


understood as  to  be  supposed  to  recom- 
mend the  ofiensive  part  of  the  alterna- 
tive ;  but,  in  short,  a  Satanic  soliloquy 
is  not  in  our  opinion  a  felicitous  sub- 
ject for  a  poem.  Having  thus  discuss- 
ed the  title  somewhat  too  fully,  wc 
will  proceed  without  further  preiace  to 
the  poem  itself.  It  is  divided  into 
three  books;  in  the  first,  Satan  from 
an  eminence  descril>es  the  '*  kingdoms 
of  the  world  and  the  glory  of  them/' 
and  various  thoughts  arise  on  the  past, 
the  present,  and  the  "to  come."  In 
the  second,  the  Evil-one  proceeds  with 
the  science  of  a  master  spirit  to  unfold 
the  mysteriei  of  the  human  heart,  and 
attempts  an  analysis  of  its  occult  and 
complicated  passions  and  emotions ; 
he  shows  who  are  his  agents,  and  who 
have  been  his  victims;  hede5cribes  the 
Creation  ond  the  Fall,  the  IX*luge, — 
muses  and  moralizes  on  Time  and 
Eternity, — descants  on  Redemption, — 
and  with  a  demon's  belief,  "  trem- 
bling*' as  he  ••  believes,**  confesses  the 
Crucified,  cekbrates  the  miracles,  and 
admits  the  omnipotence  of  Truth. 

In  the  third  book^  we  find  the 
Tempter  on  dangerous  ground, — Eng- 
land IS  the  subject  of  his  speculations, 
and  it  were  well  if  England  would  be 
admonished  when  the  Devil  spraks  so 
many  alarming  truths.  The  topics  arc 
too  various  and  discursive  for  analysis; 
but  the  more  prominent  «iccs  of  the 
"chartered  clime  of  Heaven,"  are  de- 
nounced with  a  severity  which,  beg- 
ging his  Satanic  majesty's  pardon,  is  not 
a  little  ungrateful,  seeing  that  the  har- 
vest is  his  own.  But  we  would  desire 
to  be  grave  on  a  serious  theme,  and  we 
most  readily  admit  that,  saviug  a  cer- 
tain want  of  congruiiy  between  the 
speaker  and  his  subject,  the  |)oem 
al)ou!ids  in  passages  of  beauty  and  sub- 
limity, which  have  few  parallels  in 
modern  limes.  The  mind  of  Mr. 
Montgomery  is  in  a  healthy  state,  his 
contemplations  are  as  soundas  they  are 
deep  and  |)octical,  his  fancy  is  as  grace- 
ful as  it  is  vigorous,  and  tender  as  it  is 
elevated.  Ho  has  treated  a  difficult 
subject,  requiring  the  brilliancy  of  an 
ardent  imagination  to  be  kept  in  con- 
stant check  and  control  by  a  severity 
of  judgment,  with  a  feeling  that  does 
honour  to  his  genius,  and  a  taste  that 
reflects  credit  on  the  soundness  of  his 
principles  and  the  goodness  of  his  heart. 

The  following  extracts  afford  satis- 
factory evidence  uf  the  justice  of  our 
praise. 


44 


Rbview.— ^ontgofuery'fi  Satan,  a  Poem, 


[Jan. 


Satan  has  alighted  in  the  darkness 
of  a  storm  on  the  spot  whese  the  Sa- 
viour of  the  world  was  tempted  by,  and 
withstood  him.  The  tempest  subsides, 
and  then  follows  this  beautiful  descrip- 
tion of  the  new-born  day : 

*'  The  tempest  diet,  the  winds  have  tuned 

their  ire. 
The  seft-birds  hover  on  encbftoted  wing ; 
And,  save  a  throb  of  thunder,  fiuntly  iieard, 
And  ebbing  knell-like  o'er  yon  western  deep, 
Tbat  now  lies  panting  with  a  weary  swell. 
Like  a  worn  monster  at  his  giant  length 
Gasping,  with  foam  upon  his  troubled  mane. 
No  sound  of  elemental  wrath  is  heard; 
The  Sun  is   up!  look,   where  he  proudly 

comes. 
In  blazing  triumph  wheeling  u'er  the  earth, 
A  victor  in  full  glory !     At  his  gaze 
The  heavens  magni6cently  smile,  and  beam 
With  many  a  sailing  cloud-isle  sprinkled  o*er, 
In  sumptuous  array.     Yes,  land,  aud  air 
Whose   winged  fulness  freshens  tree  and 

flower,  [skies ! 

Own  tbee,  thou  shining  Monarch  of  the 
Now  hills  are  glaring,  ricb  the  mountains 

glow,  [pear, 

The  streams  run  gladness,  yellow  meads  ap- 
And  palm-woods  glitter  on  Judea*s  plain  ; 
Beauty  and  brightness  shed  their  soul  abroad ; 
Then  waken,  Spirit,  whom  no  space  can 

bound. 
And  with  thy  vision  let  me  span  the  world." 

P.  94. 

There  is  a  ^reat  power  in  Satan's 
description  of  himself,  and  of  his  mys- 
terious influence  over  the  world  : 

"  Ere  man  was  fasbion'd  from  his  fellow  dust, 
I  was, — and  since  the  sound  of  human  voice 
Has  echoed  in  the  air,  my  darksome  power 
Hath   compass'd  him  in  mystery,  and  in 

might : 
Upon  the  soul  of  sage  Philosophy 
And  Wisdom,  templed  in  the  shrines  of  old. 
Faint  shadows  of  my  being  fell ;  a  sense 
Of  me  thus  deepen'd  through  the  onward 

flood 
Of  ages,  till  substantial  thought  it  grew ; 
A  certainty  sublinie,  in  that  great  soul. 
The  epic  God  of  ancient  song,  who  down 
The  infinite  abyss  could  dare  to  gaze. 
And  show  imsgination  shapes  of  Hell ! 
And  in  that  Book,  where  Heaven  lies  half 

reveal'd. 
By  words  terrific  as  the  h^ld  flash 
That  hints  the  lightnmg-vengeance  of  the 

storm. 
Am  /not  vision'd  ?— as  the  Prince  of  Air, 
A  Spirit  that  would  crush  the  Universe, 
And  battle  with  eternity ! "     P.  35, 

The  introduction  of  Napoleon  is  not 
in  the  author's  usual  good  taste,  nor 
can  we  refuse  a  smile  when  we  re- 
lueaiber  who  the  speaker  is  who  reasons 


on  the  "  splendid  infamy  of  war,"  and 
celebrates  the  glories  of  an  undying 
lame  won  by  the  greet  and  good. 
Throughout  the  whcde  of  this  passage 
it  is  evident  that  the  poet  is  the  speaker. 
The  sentiments  are  those  of  a  virtuoos 
mind  in  its  abhorrence  of  guiJt — it  b 
not  the  soliioquj  of  one  whose  prin- 
ciple is  that  of  utter  and  essential  evi|, 
yet  constrained  by  the  mere  force- of 
troth  to  do  homage  to  the  virtue  he 
liates.  The  poem  has  too  much  of 
this  incongruity.  What  can  be  finer 
than  the  following  lines,  depicting  the 
feelings -of  Culombus  on  his  first  dis- 
covery of  America,  and  yet  in  whose 
mouth  can  they  be  more  inappropriate 
than  Satan's?  After  describing  the 
ocean  wanderers,  amidst  the  doubt  and 
distraction  of  their  perilous  enterprize 
hymning  their  Ave-Marias,  he  say^ 
with  enthusiasm  (p.  56), 

**  But  be  was  destined  }  and  his  lightning 

glance 
Shot  o'er  the  deep,  and  darted  oa  thy  world, 
America.— Then  mighty,  long,  and  loud. 
From  swelling  hearts  the  HalUligahs  rang. 
And  cbarm'd  to  music  the  Atlantic  sales ; 
While,  silent  as  the  Sun  above  him  throned, 
Columbus  looked  a  rapture  to  the  skies, 
And  gave  his  glory  to  the  God  of  Heaven." 

But  we  have  yet  two  Books  before 
us,  and  oar  space  is  limited.  We  can 
only  admire,  on  passing,  the  beautiful 
description  of  Egypt,  Helvetia,  Fran^, 
and  the  Island  Queen. 

On  the  Second  Book  we  would  fain 
linger,  but  we  can  give  but  two  quota- 
tions. Our  female  readers  will  be  slad 
to  know  what  the  Tempter  of  Nlan- 
kind  thinks  of  them,  and  how  glow- 
ingly he  praises  what  he  cannot  enjoy. 

**  And  thou. 
The  star  of  homa,  who  in  thy  gentleness 
On  the  barah  nature  of  nsarpiog  man 
Benignenchantment  eanst  so  deeply  smiley- 
Soft  as  a  dew-fiiU  froos  the  brow  ocete, 
Or    moonlight    shedding   beaulj^  oo    the 

storm, —  [ing  heart. 

Woman !  when  love  has  wreck'd  thy  trust- 
What  port  remains  to  shalter  thee  ! — too 

fund. 
Too  delicatelv  true,  thy  nature  Is, 
Save  for  the  heart's  idolatry ;  and  then. 
Thy  love  is  oft  a  liffat  to  virtue's  path. 
It  dawns, — and  wira'ring  passions  die  away. 
Low  raptores  fitde,  pure  feelings  bloesoai 

And  tbat  which  Wisdom's  philosophic  beam 
Could  never  firom  the  wintiy  heart  awake. 
By  love  is  smiled  into  celestial  birth ! 
Tnos  love  is  Wisdom  with  a  sweeter  name. 
But  such  is  not  for  me  I — I  oaonot  love; 


18M.] 


Rbvibw.— -MootgoBiary*8  &ri«i»  a  Potm. 


45 


For  canm  an  Um  ttstoot  of  oaob  thooght, 
Wrilhiof  mj  if  irii  on  a  lack  of  fire." 

P.  186. 

The  fblbwing  is  Tigoffoot  and  dut- 
raclcf  ifiic : 

«*  Thou  an  th«  Glotioos*  I  tke  £vU  Oae  t 
ThoQ  raign'ac  above }  nj  KmgdoB  b  bdo«; 
On  aarth,  'tb  ihioa  lo  toecoiir  and  adora 
Tha   Mul,    through  Hiaa  the  intarcadiag 

Jodgf, 
Bj  thoughtt  djTlna»  and  agencies  direct ; 
To  cheer  the  gentle,  and  reward  the  good, 
And  o'er  the  many  waves  and  woes  ot  life 
To  pour  the  sunshine  of  Alroightj  love  : 
Tis  mine  to  darken,  wither,  and  destrov 
Craatioo  and  her  hopes, — to  make  them  bdl. 
**  Then  roll    thee  on,   thou  high  and 

haashty  World, 
Aad  qnaen  K  bravely  o'er  the  uohrerse ! 
Still  be  thy  sun  aa  bright,  thy  sea  as  loud 
In  bar  suuiasity,  thy  floods  and  wiada 
As  poleaty  and  tl^  lording  elements 
Aa  vast  in  their  oraative  range  of  power, 
Aa  each  aodall  have  ever  been  :  baild  throoae, 
And  empires,  heap  the  mouataia  of  thy 

crimes. 
Be  mean  or  miehtv,  wise  or  worthless  stiU»— 
Yet  I  am  with  thee!  and  my  power  shall 

reign 
Until  tha  trumpet  of  thy  doom  be  heard, 
Thtaa  ocean  vmnith'd,  and  thy  heavens  no 

more! 
TiU  thou  be  tenantless,  a  welt'ring  nsass 
Of  fire,  a  dying  and  dissolving  world  : 
And  then.  Thy  hidden  lightnings  are  nn- 

sheath'd, 
OQod!  the  thunders  of  Despair  shall  roU; 
Mine  hour  is  come,  and  I  am  wreck'd  of  all. 
All,  save  £temtty,  and  that  is  mine."  P.  804. 

The  third  Book  it  perhaps  io  a  raort 
iofiy  strain  of  satire  than  the  preceiltog. 
Here  the  Evil  One  oomes  nearer  home, 
and  deals  on  us  much  bitterness.  We 
can  afford  but  one  extract,  and  we 
prefer  a  passage  of  tenderness  and 
beauty,  to  the  general  strain  of  inveo* 
tive  which  ucrvades  the  demon's  re* 
flections  on  Engbnd. 

'*  But  lo  1  a  vision  lair  as  fsaey  sees. 
Beside  the  deep,  amboas'd  with  beaoteous 


An  infrat  standa,  and  views  the  living  awa 
Of  iu  immensityy  with  lips  apart 
Like  a  cleA  rose  hung  radiant  in  tha  sttn,-^ 
Hosh'd  into  sweetest  wonder.    How  divine 
The  tnnoeenee  of  Childhood !   Did  it  bloom 
Unwither'd  through  the  scorchii^  waste  of 

yeaia. 
Men  would  be  angels,  and  my  realm  destroy  *d ! 
With  eyes  whose  blueoess  is  a  sammar 

heaven. 
And  cheeks  where  chembim  night  print  a 

kiss,  [fijrm 

And  foraliaad  fisir  aa  Baooalit  soow,-«>tfay 
Might  be  epcradltd  ia  tha  sosy  cknids 


Ofeva,  thatdrsam 

So  gentle  and  so  glowii^  thou  appaar'st. 

And  heavenly  is  it  fi>r  maternal  eyas 

In  their  fond  l^ht  to  mark  thee  ^awiogy  day 

By  day,  with  a  warm  atmosphere  of  lova 

Around  thee  circled  with  unceasing  spell. 

While,  like  a  ray  from  her  own  spirit  shed. 

Thy  mind  shines  forth  in  words  of  sweeter 

sound 
Than  all  the  mnsic  of  thv  manhood  brings.— 
Tis  now  the  poetry  of  Itte  to  thee ! 
With  fimcies  fresh  and  iunocent  as  fiowars, 
Aud  manner  sportive  as  the  free-wing'd  air» 
Thou  seest  a  friend  in  every  smile ;  thy  daya. 
Like  singing  birds.  In  gladness  speed  aloa^ 
And  not  a  tear  that  trembles  on  thy  lids 
But  shines  away,  and  sparkles  into  ioy !" 

P.  31t. 

But  we  must  conclude.  Wheo  we 
think  of  the  youth  of  Mr.  Mont^mery, 
we  stand  amazed  at  the  height  to 
which  bis  ^nius  and  talents  have 
raised  him.  There  is  a  vigour  of  mind, 
and  a  maturity  of  thought  and  iotellecC 
*-^  moral  daring  united  to  the  finest 
perception  of  all  that  is  refined  and 
delicate  in  taste,  exciting  at  once  our 
surprise  and  admiration.  But  above 
all,  be  has  consecrated  the  gifu  and 
graces  of  a  youthful  mind  to  the  servica 
of  Religion— he  has  placed  his  rare  ta* 
lents  on  the  altar  of  piety — and  the 
offering  has  been  thereby  sanctified. 
There  is  no  remorse  laid  up  for  his 
after-life,  he  has  corrupted  no  principle, 
he  has  undermined  no  virtue.  He  hu 
"  drawn  empyreal  air.**  His  laurels 
are  unstained — long  may  he  wear  iheoi 
—and  mav  the  path  of  his  honourabk 
ambition  he  cheered  by  the  consolatory 
thought,  that  the  means  which  hu 
poems  luve  afforded  him  of  pursuing 
his  studies,  are  imconnected  with  a 
single  compromise  for  which  his  man« 
hood  will  have  cause  to  blush ;  and 
that  while  reaping  the  perishable 
harvest  of  g;ain,  he  has  gathered  the 
more  unfadmg  and  substantial  rewards 
of  a  conscience  void  of  offence,  and 
the  approbation  of  the  wise  and  good. 

Ledum  cnSeu^htre.  By  John  Flazmaa, 
Esq,  R^,  RnftMSor  ff  Scubriwn  in  the 
Rmfol  Aemkmjvf  Grteti  Brkain,  Boyai 
Seo.  PImUt.    Pp.  899. 

*'PROXIMUS  sum  egomet  mihi/' 
or  "Charity  begins  at  home,*'  it 
a  Tery  reasonable  adage  oo  many 
occasiooSy  and  may,  we  think,  be  very 
itiitably  adopted  oo  the  present  occa- 
sion, emcciaily  as  Mr.  Flaxman  has 
chosen  lor  the  subject  of  his  first  lec- 
ture ^  £ogUsh  Sculpture."    We  shall 


46 


Rbvibw. — Flaxinan*8  Lectures  on  Sculpture. 


[Jan. 


therefore  make  the  substance  of  this 
lecture  our  first  article,  and  add  some 
remarks.. 

Mr.  Flax  man  commences  with  the 
Britons^  who,  he  presumes,  had  no 
sculpture  at  all  before  the  Uoman 
times,  and  then  of  very  bad  execution, 
by  inferior  Italian  artists.  He  adduces 
some  bronze  casts,  bad  copies  of  good 
Roman-  works,  and  says,  from  a  pas- 
sage in  Speed,  that  the  Britons  cast 
magnificent  statues  in  bronze  for  two 
hundred  years  after  the  departure  of  the 
Romans.    (P.  7 — 9.) 

That  the  Britons  carved  monstrotis 
idols  in  stone,  is  evident  from  Geidas, 
"who  calls  them  **  pene  numero  vin- 
centia  ^gyptiaca,  ouorum  nonnulla 
lineamentis  adhucdetormibus  intra  vel 
extra  deserta  moenia  solitomore  re^en* 
tia,  torvis  vultibus  intuemur"  (XV. 
Scriptor.  S.)  Now  we  do  not  recollect 
that  any  Penates  or  Lares  have  been 
found  in  Celtic  barrows,  and  have  read 
that  the  Celts  abhorred  any  represen- 
tations of  their  gods  in  the  human 
form.  It  is  certain,  too,  that  the  figures 
of  the  Druids  engraved  in  Montfaucon 
and  Borlase  have  no  other  deformity 
than  rudeness  of  execution  1  and  the 
scroll-work  on  the  ancient  crosses  is, 
though  in  fantastic .  taste,  not  badly 
worked.  As  these  are  affairs  only  of 
curiosity,  not  of  skill,  we  shall  dismiss 
them  with  this  cursory  observation. 

The  fine  fragments  of  good  taste  of 
pottery,  Mr.  Flaxman  pronounces 
importations  from  Italy,  because,  he 
says,  counterparts  from  similar  moulds 
are  found  in  that  country.     P.  10. 

Concerning  the  tesselated  pavements 
so  frequently  discovered,  Mr.  Flaxman 
thus  spoke : 

**  Id  most  of  the  Roman  mosaics  found 
in  Britain,  the  principal  object  of  the  de- 
sign is  a  Bacchus,  or  an  Orpheus  playing 
on  his  lyre.  Those  mosaics  with  the  Bacchus 
are  of  the  best  design  and  workmanship,  for 
which  this  reason  may  be  given — that  the 
Bacchus  Musagetes  was  ^quently  intro- 
duced before  the  time  of  Alexander  Severus, 
in  sarcophagi  and  other  works,  that  divinity 
being  much  liked  by  the  Romans,  as  patron 
of  the  drama ;  consequently  those  mosaics 
are  likely  to  have  been  done  in  the  coiuve 
of  170  Years,  between  the  reign  of  Domi- 
tian,  when  the  Britons  adopted  the  build- 
ings and  decorations  of  the  Romans,  and 
the  year  240,  when  the  Orphic  philosophy 
spread  its  influence  in  the  Roman  empire. 
From  this  period  to  the  year  386,  the  re- 
presentations of  Orpheus  may  be  dated, 
after  which  time  they  were  succeeded  by 
Christian  characters  and  symbols,"     P.  lo. 


'  To  this  passage  we  demur.  We 
know  of  an  Apollo  and  Hercules  called 
Musagetes,  but  of  no  Bacchus.  It  is 
true  that  Marcus  Aureliut-and  Alex- 
ander Severus  did  both  hold  Orpheus 
in  the  highest  honour ;  and  it  is  pos- 
sible that  the  figure  of  that  father  of 
fiddles,*  for  the  centre  of  pavements, 
was  very  fashionable  in  the  time  of 
those  Emperors;  but  the  mythologisls 
say  that  tne  musicians  introduced  the 
worship  of  Bacchus,  and  that  the  Or- 
pheii  were  connected  with  the  latter. 
The  hypothesis  of  Mr.  Flaxman  has 
therefore  a  very  slippery  foundation. 

From  the  third  to  the  6fth  cen- 
tury, says  Maillott,  "sculpture,  to 
which  we  are  indebted  for  the  most 

Erecious  conrmissances  of  antiquity,  has 
arely  left, us  some  gross  and  shapeless 
statues,  ill  calculate  to  illustrate  the 
study  of  history"  (Costumes  et  Usages, 
vol.  iii.  p.  S.) ;  and  according  to  the 
coins  of  Merovec  and  Childeric,  the 
imitation  of  the  Roman  style  of  that 
sera  is  palpable.  (Idem,  pi.  i.)  Fa- 
shions in  the  whole  middle  age  tra- 
velled from  Italy  to  France,  and  from 
thence  to  England.  Mr.  Flaxman 
therefore  very  correctly  observes,  that 
the,  heads  of  the  Saxon  kings  upon 
their  coins  were  borrowed  from  those 
of  Oioclesian,  &c.  upon  the  Roman 
money  (p.  10).  Their  sculpture,  he 
says  (p.  11,  lS)i  was  horrible  and  bur- 
lesque. But  there  are  exceptions.  The 
discovery  of  the  coliin  of  Saint  Cuth- 
bert  has  given  us  some  carved  figures 
from  which  we  may  determine  the 
style.  The  drawing  is  exceedingly 
bad,  fit  only  for  sohooiboys  (see  Raine's 
St  Cuthbert,  pi.  iv.  &c.)  There  are 
other  sculptures,  especially  of  scrolls 
and  drains;  but  we  know  from 
Olaus  Wormius,  that  the  northern 
nations  annexed  an  allegorical  mean- 
ing to  monsters,  and  that  ihey  were  in 
many  instances  similar  to  the  **  armes 
parlantes'*  of  heraldry,  and  rebuses 
upon  names.  Mr.  Raine,  speaking  of 
Cuthbert's  coffin  (p.  I90),  says,  that 
**  a  sharp  pointed  knife,  or  some  such 
instrument,  certainly  not  a  chisel,  and 
a  scrieve,  or  goodge,  were  evidently 
used.'*  How  sculpture  in  stone,  un- 
der the  desideratum  of  a  chisel,  could 
be  executed,  we  know  not. 

Concerning  sepulchral  figures  Mr. 
Flaxman  says : 

*  Fiddles  are  only  lyres  with  a  neck,  play«d 
by  a  bow  instead  of  a  ptectnim. — Rev. 


1S30.] 


Rbtibw.— Flaxman^s  Leciures  on  Sculpture. 


47 


*'  In  th«  beginning  of  the  sixth  rentarj, 
when  the  Franks  and  Genaans  began  to 
esublish  themselves  in  Gaul,  thej  buried 
their  sovereigns  in  plain  stone  coffins,  with- 
out any  exterior  distinction  or  inscription. 
The  name  of  the  deceased  was  written  on  the 
inside  of  the  cover.  This  was  done  to  pre- 
vent the  tomb  being  violated  for  the  sake 
of  Jewels  and  other  valnables.  In  the  reign 
of  Charlemagne,  who  was  contemporary 
with  our  king  Edgar,  the  French  began  to 
decorate  the  outside  of  their  tombs  with 
statues  «»f  the  deceased,  and  other  orna- 
ments, bearing  some  resemblance  to  the 
Roman  manner."    P.  1 1 . 

No  Anglo-Saxon  sepulchral  effigies 
is  known,  but, 

'*  Immediately  after  the  Norman  conquest 
figures  of  the  deceased  were  carved  in  has 
relief  on  their  gravestones,  exaroules  of 
which  roav  be  seen  in  the  cloisters  of  West- 
minster Abbey,  representing  two  abbots  of 
that  church,  and  in  Worcester  cathedral 
those  of  SainU  Oswald  and  Wulstan." 
P.  I«. 

Ofcourte  these  were  not  portraits, 
which,  accordtns  to  Mr.  Gough,  did 
not  commence  till  after  the  thirteenth 
century.     Mr.  Flax  man  proceeds: 

**  The  crusaders  introduced  the  rich  fo- 
liage in  architecture  aud  statues  against  the 
columns,  as  we  find  at  the  west  door  of 
Rochester  cathedral,  built  in  the  reign  of 
Henry  I."     P.  l«. 

He  then  adds,  in  explanation  : 

*<  The  custom  of  carving  a  figure  of  tlie 
deceased  in  bas  relief  on  the  tomb  seems 
likely  to  have  been  brought  from  France, 
where  it  seems  to  have  continued  in  imita- 
tion of  the  Romans.  Figures  placed  against 
columns  might  also  be  copied  rrom  examples 
in  that  country,  of  which  one  remarkable 
instance  was  a  door  in  the  choreh  of  Saint 
Germain  de  Pres,  in  Paris,  cmitaining  seve- 
ral sutues  of  the  ancient  kings  of  France, 
projecting  from  columns,  a  work  of  the 
UBth  century,  of  which  there  are  paintings 
in  Montfaucon.*'     P.  13. 

Badly  drawn  as  ma^  be  the  human 
5gure,  when  in  nudity,  the  drapery, 
thoogh  stiff  and  stately,  is  commonly 
gracefbl. 

Mr.  Flax  man,  proceeding  to  the 
thirteenth  century,  particularizes  the 
figures  at  Wells  cathedral,  built  in 
1S42,  which  he  conceives  were  sculp- 
tured by  Englishmen,  because  the  style 
is  different  from  the  coeval  Italian 
(p.  1 6, 17).  These  are  well  represented 
in  Carter's  *'  Ancient  Sculpture,'*  &'c. 
Why  the  execution  was  necessarily 
rude  and  imperfect,  he  thus  explains: 

**  There  were  neither  prints  nor  printed 


books  to  assist  the  artist.  The  sculptor 
could  not  be  instructed  in  anatomy,  for 
there  were  no  anatomists.  A  small  know- 
ledge of  geometry  and  mechanics  wu  ex- 
clusively confined  to  two  or  three  learned 
monks,  and  the  principles  of  those  sciences, 
as  applied  to  the  fifure  and  motion  of  men 
aud  inferior  animals,  was  known  to  none. 
Tlierefore  these  works  were  necessarily  ill- 
drewo  and  deficient  in  principle,  and  much 
of  the  sculpture  is  rude  and  severe ;  yet  in 
parts  there  is  a  beautiful  simplicity  and  irre- 
sistible sentiment,  and  sometimes  a  graoa 
exceeding  more  modern  productions." 
P.  16. 

We  cordially  agree  with  this  ealogy, 
for  we  are  sure  that  the  Greek  chisel 
never  produced  two  finer  prostrate 
figures  than  those  of  the  Crusaders  in 
the  twelfth  century,  engraved  by  Sirutt 
(Dresses  pi.  xlv.  xlvi.),  examples 
which  appear  to  have  been  unknowa 
to  Mr.  Flaxman.  They  are  carved  in 
wood,  and  are  justly  called  by  SlruU 
••admirable.''     P.  117. 

Mr.  Dallaway,  the  late  editor  of 
Walpole  on  Painting  (i.  35),  says,  that 
the  statue  of  Eleanor  Queen  of  Edw.  i. 
is  said  to  have  been  modelled  from  her 

rers<»n  after  death,  probably  Ijy  an 
ulian  sculptor,  and  that  the  effigies 
was  the  prototvpe  of  numerous  images 
of  the  Virain  Mary  for  a  century  after- 
wards. Mr.  FLxman  is  likewise  of 
opinion,  that  the  Queen's  effigies  was 
Italian  work,  because  the  tomb  and 
sepulchral  statue  of  Henry  III.  were 
executed  by  artists  of  that  nation,  and 
the  figure  p^artakes  of  the  character  and 
grace  particularly  cultivated  in  the 
school  of  Pisano,  the  great  restorer  of 
sculpture. 

Mr.  Flaxman  finds  the  foliage  and 
historical  sculpture  of  the  time  of  Ed- 
ward III.  surprising  for  beauty  and 
novelty,  and  rejoices  that  the  sculptors 
employed  in  St.  Stephen's  chapel  were 
Englishmen  (p.  18).  He  shows  the 
beauties  of  the  age  in  the  following 
detail : 

*«  The  monuments  of  Aylmer  de  Valeoce, 
Eari  of  Pembroke,  and  Edm.  Croucbhack» 
in  Westminster  Abbey,  are  specimens  of  the 
magnificence  of  such  works  in  the  age  we 
are  speaking  «f.  The  loftiness  of  the  work, 
the  numberof  arehesaod  pinnacles,  the  light- 
ness of  the  spires,  the  richness  and  profusion 
of  foliage  and  crockeu,  the  solemn  repose 
of  the  principal  sutue,  representing  the 
deceased  in  his  lut  prayer  for  mercy  to  the 
throne  of  grace,  the  delicacy  of  thought  in 
the  group  of  angels  bearing  the  soul,  and 
the  tender  sentiments  of  concern  variously 
evpressed  m  the  relations  ranged  in  order 


48 


Review.— ilfetnoir«  of  Simon  Bolivar. 


[Jan. 


round  tbe  bAsementf  forcibly  arrest  the 
attention,  and  carry  the  thoughts  not  only 
to  other  ages  but  to  other  states  of  exist- 
P.  «0. 


eace 


We  refer  our  readers  to  the  fij^ures 
of  the  two  ansels  in  Carter's  Glou- 
cester Cathedral,  published  by  the  So- 
ciety of  Antiquaries,  in  proof  that  this 
eulcffy  is  not  too  enthusiastic. 

Mr.  Flaxman  then  proceeds  to  the 
fifleenih  century,  and  Bxes  upon  as 
fine  specimens,  the  statue  of  Hen.  VI. 
holding  the  sceptre  in  both  hit  hands, 
at  All  Souls*  College,  Oxford;  the 
Coronation  of  Henry  V.  at  Wesmin- 
ster  Abbey,  and  the  monument  of 
Hichard  Bcauchamp  Earl  of  Warwick, 
at  Warwick.    Of  the  former  he  says : 

**  The  sculpture  is  bold  and  character- 
istic, tbe  equestrian  group  is  furious  and 
warlike,  the  standing  figures  have  a  natural 
sentiment  in  their  actions,  and  simple  gran- 
deur in  dieir  draperies,  such  as  we  admire 
in  the  paintings  of  Ri^hael  or  Massacio." 
P.  ««. 

Of  the  latter,  done  by  William  Aus- 
tin, of  London, 

**  The  figures  are  so  natural  and  grace- 
ful, tbe  architecture  so  rich  and  delicate, 
that  they  are  excelled  by  nothing  done  in 
Italy  of  tbe  same  kind  at  this  time,  although 
Donatello  and  Ghiberti  were  living  when 
this  tomb  was  executed  in  the  year  1489." 
P.  93. 

We  shall  now  make  the  following . 
extract  concerning  Henry  the  Seventh's 
Chapel,  and  the  extinction  of  our  me- 
dieval sculpture: 

'*  The  building  of  all  others  most  intended 
for.  a  receptacle  and  display  of  sculpture, 
was  Henry  the  Seventh's  chapel,  at  West- 
minster. It  is  founded  on  good  presump- 
tion, that  Torregiano  was  employed  on  the 
tomb  only,  and  had  no  concern  with  the 
building  or  tbe  statues  with  which  it  is  em- 
bellished.  The  structure  appears  to  have 
been  finished,  or  nearly  so,  before  Torregi- 
ano began  the  tomb,  and  there  is  reason  to 
thiuk  that  he  did  not  sUy  in  this  country 
more  than  six  years,  which  time  would  be 
nearly,  if  not  quite,  taken  up  in  tbe  execu- 
tion of  the  tomb  and  some  other  statnea 
about  it  now  destroyed,  together  with  the 
rich  pedestals  and  enclosure.  The  archi- 
tecture of  the  tomb  has  a  mixture  of  Roman 
arches  and  decoration  very  different  firom 
the  arches  of  the  chapel,  which  are  all 
pointed.  Tbe  figures  ot  the  tomb  have  a 
better  proportion,  and  drawing,  than  those 
of  the  chapel,  but  the  figures  of  the  chapel 
are  very  superior  in  noble  simplicity  and 
gra  ndeur  of  character  and  draperv. 

**  After  tbe  observations  ou  tfiis  building 


we  must  take  a  lon^  farewell  of  such  noble 
and  magnificent  effects  of  art,  in  raising 
which  toe  intention  of  our  ancestors  was  to 
add  a  solemnity  to  religious  worship,  to 
impress  on  the  mind  those  virtues  which 
adorn  and  exaH  humanity."    P.  25. 

Such  is  the  substance  of  Mr.  Flax* 
man's  first  lecture.  The  subject  is 
treated  in  deuil  in  Carter's  elaborate 
work.  The  fact  U,  that  people  treat 
mediaeval  sculpture  in  reference  to  the 
Grrecian,  which  regards  only  the  hu- 
man figure  in  nudity,  and  is  as  differ, 
ent  from  the  Gothic  as  calligraphic 
penmanship  is  from  the  black-letter. 
Both  the  design  and  the  taste  were 
toto  coelo  distinct.  The  display  of 
breasts,  legs,  and  arms,  was  not  sought 
in  the  latter.  The  one  object  was  the 
human  figure  deified;  the  other  ex- 
eluded  perfection  of  person,  and  con- 
sidered only  religious  efifect  in  the  cha- 
racter and  attitode;  and  that  both 
admirably  succeeded  in  their  respective 
styles,  is  beyond  question. 

(To  be  conlinued,) 


Memoirs  tifSinum  Boliomr,  President  Liber- 
ator qf  the  RefubUe  of  Colombia  g  and  of 
his  prineipdl  Generals ;  comprising  a  se- 
cret history  qf  thg  Revolution,  and  the 
events  which  preceded  it  from  1807  to  the 
present  time.  By  Gen.  H.  S.  V.  Ducon- 
dray  Hdstein,  ex-Chirf  qf  the  Stt^  of 
the  President  LOentor,    Jn  two  vols, 

THE  only  means  of  retaining  dis- 
tant colonies  in  obedience,  are  tbe 
exercise  of  Yinue  in  the  GovemoEs, 
and  advantages  resulting  from  the  con- 
nection* Our  success  in  India  has 
been  owing  to  such  conduct;  it  has 
conferred  upon  the  people  benefits  un- 
known under  the  despotism  of  their 
native  princes.  Instead  of  acting  with 
similar  policy,  the  Spaniards  made 
slaves  of  the  people  of  Sooth  America, 
and  of  the  country,  a  soldeD  apple  of 
tbe  Hesperides,  of  which  they  ex- 
tracted the  aweet  juice.  As  soon  as 
the  parent  country  was  irrecoverably, 
according  to  appearance,  strusgiing 
under  the  constrictions  of  the  riench 
Boa,  the  auriferous  colony  seised  the 
opportunity  of  proclaiming  its  inde* 
.  pendence.    This  was  the  first  step. 

It  has  generally  been  supposed  by 
our  countrymen,  that  Soutn  America 
is  another  Paradise,  in  the  state  of 
Eden  before  the  Csll,  and  its  natives, 
noble-minded  Greeks  and  Romans, 
combating    for    liberty.     The    tnuh. 


ia3a] 


Review. ^•Memoirs  of  Siwion  Bolivar, 


49 


however  is,  that  fine  territories  are  ooly 
a  waste,  where  there  exist  not  morals, 
and  the  arts  ap|)endant  to  civilisation, 
and  where  the  natives  are  deini-sovaces. 
The  country  has  not  even  arrived  at 
that  first  physical  token  of  civilization, 
passable  roads throughoo I  it,and  though 
ihe  want  of  turnpikes  niav  be  natural, 
there  are  few  bridges  or  ferries  (see  p. 
18)$  education  is  either  totally  ne- 
glected, or  extremely  defective ;  agri- 
culture (though  the  soil  can  produce 
yearly  two  harvests)  is  in  the  same  low 
state  ufiih  every  other  source  of  profit 
or  comfort  (p.  32) ;  and  if,  as  General 
Holstein  says,  the  Colombians  are  at 
least  160  years  behind  the  United 
States  in  the  science  of  government  (p. 
73),  we  think  that  the  disunce  be- 
tween the  Colombians  and  ourselves 
must  be  considerably  greater;  indeed 
immeasurable,  if  knowledge  and  re- 
sources areconuected  with  »uch  science. 
As  to  the  warfare  between  the  con- 
teodins  parties,  it  does  not  resemble 
that  of  civilized  Europe,  nor  even  the 
improved  form  of  savageness  which 
distinguishes  Turkey,  but  that  of  tribes 
of  Indians,  scalping  and  torturing. 
The  book  before  us  shows,  that  if  the 
author  has  exaggerated,  we  have  not. 

Bolivar,  according  to  his  accounts, 
is  rather  to  be  deemed  an  Indian  chief 
than  an  emperor.  He  is  a  manifest 
imitator  of  Napoleon,  with  about  as 
much  real  pretensions  to  the  French 
Satan's  magnificent  talents,  as  the  Frog 
of  Eaop  had  to  the  bulk  of  the  Ox. 
He  has  wriggled  himself  into  power 
by  cunning;  in  point  of  fact,  he  is  not 
m  lion,  but  a  snake.  He  was  bom  at 
Caracas,  Julv  S4,  1783,  being  the  se- 
cond son  of  Don  Juan  Vicente  Bolivar 
y  PoDte,  a  militia  Colonel,  and  a  Mon- 
toana,  or  Caragam  nobleman.  Ac- 
cording to  the  prevalent  custom  he 
was,  io  179^f  sent  for  education  into 
Spain,  from  whence  he  removed  to 
Paris,  and  returned  in  1802  to  Madrid. 
There,  at  the  age  of  nineteen,  he  mar- 
ried a  lady  only  sixteen.  In  I8O9  they 
returned  to  Caracas,  and  livefl  in  a 
very  retired  manner  upon  their  large 
estates.  Shortly  afterwards  his  lady 
died  without  issue ;  and  as  we  know  a 
parish  pauper,  who  when  censured  by 
the  magistrate  for  illicit  connexions, 
said,  that  he  ureferred  concubines  to 
wives,  and  pleaded  the  example  of 
Abraham,  so  does  it  appear  (1.  166) 
that  this  military  Attorney,  or  Attor« 

GtKT.  Mao.  Jaimory,  1 880. 


ney-General  (for  his  whole  conduct  it 
that  of  a  clever  lawyer)  adopted  the 
same  patriarchisms  as  the  pauper,  and 
did  not  marry  again.  It  would  be 
impossible  for  us  to  state  in  detail, 
with  what  coniummaie  craft  he  bobbed 
in  and  out,  as  to  office,  until,  his 
enemies  and  rivals  having  been  re- 
moved out  of  his  way  by  circumstances, 
he  was  in  1813  nom mated  Dicutor, 
and  triumphantly  entered  Caracas,  in 
a  Roman  consular  car,  drawn,  not  by 
horses,  but  consistently  by 

<'  twelve  fine  young  lodiM,  very  elegantly 
dretied  in  white,  adoreed  with  the  national 
colours,  and  all  lelected  from  the  first  fa- 
niliea  in  Caraoat.  They  drew  hira,  in 
about  half  an  hour,  from  the  entrance  of 
the  eity  to  his  retklence;  he  ttandiDg  on 
the  car,  bare  headed,  and  in  full  uniform, 
with  a  tmall  wand  of  command  in  hit  hand/' 
i.  151. 

We  cannot  notice  innumerable  bat- 
tles, which  ought  to  be  styled  battles 
not  for  conquest,  but  murder ;  and  |)0- 
litics,  implyins  not  public  good,  but 
selfish  aggrandizement.  Fortunately, 
in  point  of  the  numbers  engaged,  each 
campaign,  compared  with  those  of  Eu- 
rope, has  been  only,  in  Lord  Thur- 
low's  phrase,  a  storm  in  a  wash-hand 
basin. 

We  have  before  said,  that  the  real 
character  of  Bolivar  is,  in  our  opinion, 
that  of  a  first-rate  Attorney ;  but,  be« 
cause  according  to  our  author  (i.  76)  the 
majority  of  mankind  admire  splendour, 
power,  and  success,  and  are  little  in- 
fluenced by  truth  or  impartiality,  tlio 
Dictator-Liberator  has  acquired  a  great 
name.  A  strong  desire  in  consequence 
is  felt,  to  know  what  sort  of  a  man  ho 
is.  We  shall  therefore  first  obserre, 
that  to  judge  from  the  plate  in  vol.  i, 
he  is  in  person  hi^h-foreheaded,  dark 
eye-browed,  lengthily  nosed,  and  peak- 
edly  chinued,  well  made,  but,  accord* 
ing  to  the  print,  somewhat  knock* 
kneed.  Whatever  his  eneiniet  may 
say,  his  coantenance  indicates  strong 
intellect. 

General  Holsteio,  who  certainly  is 
not  an  honest  chronicler,  like  Grif» 
fiths,  for  he  omiu  all  good  qualities, 
thus  speaks  of  him  : 

'<  General  Bolivar  occupies  himself  very 
little  in  studying  the  military  art.  He  ua- 
derstanda  no  Uieory,  and  seldom  asks  a 
question,  or  holds  any  conversation  relative 
to  it.  Nor  does  he  speak  of  the  civil  adroi- 
niitratioo,  unless  it  happens  to  (all  withi^ 


7 


50 


Review.— Memoir*  of  Simon  Bolivar, 


[Jan. 


the  concerns  of  the  moment.  I  often  en- 
deavoured  to  bring  him  into  serious  conver- 
sation on  these  subjects,  but  he  would  al- 
ways interrupt  roe ;  *  yes,  yes,  mon  eher  ami, 
I  know  that,  it  is  very  good ;  but  apropbs* — 
and  immediately  turned  the  conversation 
upon  some  dlfFerent  suUect. 

«  His  reading,  which  is  very  little,  con- 
sists of  light  history  and  tales.  He  has  uo 
library,  or  collection  of  books,  befitting  his 
rank,  and  the  place  he  has  occupied  for  the 
last  fifteen  years.  He  is  passionately  fond 
of  the  sex,  and  has  always  two  or  three 
ladies,  of  whom  one  is  the  favourite  mistress, 
who  f(»Ilow  him  wherever  he  goes. 

**  Dancing  is  an  amusement  of  which  he 
is  also  passionately  fond.  Whenever  he 
stays  two  or  three  days  in  a  place,  he  gives 
a  ball  or  two,  at  which  he  dances  in  his 
hoots  and  spurs,  and  makes  love  to  those 
ladies  who  uappen  to  please  him  fur  the 
moment.  Next  to  this  amusement  lie  likes 
his  liammock,  where  he  sits  or  lulls,  con- 
versing or  amusing  himself  with  his  fa- 
vourite mistress,  or  other  favourites,  some 
of  whom  I  have  named  in  the  course  of  this 
work.  During  this  time  he  is  inaccessible 
to  all  others.  The  aid-de-camp  on  duty 
says  to  those  who  have  important  business 
to  transact  with  him,  '  His  Excellency  is 
deeply  engaged  at  present,  and  can  see  no 
one.*  When  he  is  out  of  humour,  he  swears 
like  a  common  bully,  and  orders  people  out 
of  his  presence  in  the  rudest  and  most  vulcar 
manner.  From  his  habits  of  life,  or  rather 
from  his  love  of  pleasure,  it  happens  that 
many  matters  of  business  arc  heaped  to- 
gether, and  left  to  bis  Secretary,  as  his  de- 
cree of  8th  March,  1 897,  fixioc  the  Custom- 
house duties  of  Venezuela,  which  is  attri- 
buted to  Ravenga,  and  which  has  destroyed 
the  commerce  of  the  country.  When  he 
suddenly  recollects  some  business,  he  calls 
his  Secretary,  and  directs  him  to  write  the 
letter  or  the  decree.  This  brings  more  to 
miod,  and  it  often  hapi^ens  that  in  one  day 
he  hurries  off  the  work  of  fifteen  or  twenty* 
In  this  manner  it  often  happens,  that  de- 
crees made  on  the  same  day  are  in  direct  op- 
position to  each  other. 

*'  General  Bolivar  has  adopted  the  habits 
and  customs  of  the  European  Spaniards. 
He  takes  his  siesta  (noon  nap)  regularly, 
and  eats  his  meals  in  the  manners  of  the 
Spaniards.  He  goes  to  tertulias  (coteries), 
gives  re/reseosy  and  alwaya  dances  the  first 
minuet  with  the  lady  highest  in  rank  in  the 
company.  This  old  Spanish  cnstom  is 
strictly  observed  throughout  Colombia. 

**  Inasmuch  as  General  Bolivar  is  the 
sport  of  circumstances,  it  is  difficult  to  trace 
his  character.  Bolivar,  in  success,  differs 
not  circumstantially  alone  from  Bolivar  in 
adversity  ;  he  is  quite  another  man.  When 
successful,  he  is  vain,  haughty,  ill-natured, 
violent ;  at  the  same  time,  the  slightest  cir- 
cumktances  will  so  excite  his  jealousy  of  his 


authority,  that  he  arrests,  and  sometimes 
condemns  to  capital  punishment  those  whom 
bs  suspects.  Vet  he  in  a  great  measure 
conceals  these  faults,  under  the  politeness 
of  a  man  educated  in  the  so  called  beau 
numde.  They  appear  in  his  fits  of  passion, 
but  not  however  unless  he  is  sure  of  having 
the  strength  on  his  side,  the  bayonets  at 
his  command.  When  he  finds  himself  in 
adversity,  and  destitute  of  aid  from  without, 
as  he  often  did  from  1813  to  1818,  he  is 
perfectly  free  from  passion  and  violence  of 
temper.  He  then  becomes  mild,  patient, 
docile,  and  even  submissive.  Those  who 
have  seen  him  in  the  ehanges  of  his  fortune, 
will  agree  that  I  have  not  overcharged  the 
picture." 

The  representations  of  an  enemy  are 
distortions  in  caricaiore.  Bolivar  is 
plainly  not  a  hero,  saint,  or  philo- 
sopher, but  he  is  a  capit.-il  managing 
fellow ;  a  finished  man  of  the  world, 
who  has  acquired  the  happy  knack  of 
disarming  political  adversity  of  much 
of  its  miscnief.  He  avoids  irritation. 
Of  his  attorneyism,  the  following  ex- 
tracts give  more  than  suflScient  attesta- 
tion. 

*'  The  predominant  traits  in  the  character 
of  General  Bolivar  are,  ambition,  vanity, 
thirst  for  absolute  undivided  power,  and 
profound  dissimulation.  He  is  more  cun- 
ning, and  understands  mankind  better  than 
the  mass  of  his  countrymen ;  he  adroitly 
tnms  every  circumstance  to  his  own  ad- 
vantage, and  spares  nothing  to  gain  those 
he  thinks  will  lje  of  present  use  to  him.  Ha 
is  officious  in  rendering  them  little  servicea ; 
he  flatters  them,  makes  them  brilliant  pro- 
mises {  finds  whatever  they  suggest  verj 
useful  and  important,  and  is  ready  to  follow 
their  advice.  A  third  person  suggests  some- 
thing to  him,  or  he  meets  with  some  unex- 
pected success— instantly  he  resumes  his 
true  character,  and  becomes  vain,  haughty, 
cross,  and  violent ;  forgets  all  servieei  end 
all  ubligations,  speaks  with  contempt  of 
those  he  had  just  courted,  and  if  they  are 
powerless  abandons  them,  but  always  maui- 
tests  a  disposition  to  spare  those  whom  he 
knows  able  to  resist  hin.*'    ii.  936. 

All  this  shows  that,  if  Bolivar  be 
not  an  invincible  General,  what  man- 
kind deem  a  demigod,  he  is  at  least  a 
deep  Machiavelian.  The  ex tnct  quoted 
shows  only  this,  that  he  makes  friends 
wherever  and  by  what  means  he  can, 
but  crushes  all  who  are  likely  to  com- 
pete with,  or  to  obstruct  him.  Philo- 
sophers know,  that  physical  power 
alone  (for  nobody  envies  a  steam- 
engine)  can  overcome  rivalry,  and  that 
selfishness  in  con;iequence  becomei  an 
affair  of  prudence.    Eocmies,  or  dan- 


ISaa]  RwviRW.— Private  Memoirs  of  the  Court  of  Louis  XFIII.         61 


gerous  persons,  must  have  ibeir  claws 
extracted  ;  and  nothing  will  deter  am- 
bitious or  envious  people,  but  despair 
ofsuccess.  Then  they  turn  dissembling 
flatterers. 

English  people  arc  unfair  judges. 
There  is  not  now  a  philosopher  in  the 
nation.  People  are  split  into  lories, 
whigs,  radicals,  and  fanatics.  Abstract 
reason  is  unknown.  The  commercial, 
money-getting,  fortune-making  pru- 
dence of  the  nation,  is  the  only  thing 
which  preserves  its  commou  sense,  at 
least  what  remains  of  it ;  and  the  real 
political  Machiavelism  of  this  book  is 
to  favour  the  designs  of  the  Americans 
as  to  a  future  uuion  of  the  two  conti- 
nents. Now  upon  the  principle  of 
"  diamond  cut  diamond,'*  we  should 
heartily  rejoice  if  the  Americans  had 
two  powerful  rivals,  Colombia  on  one 
side,  and  Canada  ou  the  oiher,  because 
we  thoroughly  detest  the  unnatural 
feelings,  with  respect  to  trade  and  com- 
merce, which  she  tuauifests  towards  the 
mother  country. 

In  the  view  of  statesmanship  and 
history,  this  book  is  a  very  important 
one.     People  engaged  in  foreign  trade 
must  particularly  understand  the  art  of 
"  holding  candles  to  the  devil/'  and 
ve    have    only   to   observe,  that  the 
people  are  the  stiffest  of  Catholics,  who 
will  not  give  even  water  to  dying  Pro- 
testants (see  i.  p.  53) ;  and  that  emis- 
aaries  of  our   fanatical    societies  can 
therefore  only  destroy  the  trade,  and  ' 
risk  their  lives  to  little  or  no  purpose. 
Catholics,  as  they  may  learn  from  Ire- 
land,   thoroughly  despi:ic  them,  and 
what    can    overcome    contempt,   but 
reason  addressed  to  self-interest  ?    The 
knowledge  and   arts  of  Europe  will 
pave  the  way  for  universal  civilization^ 
and  interest  will  make  toleration  in- 
evitable.   Such   are  our  views,   upon 
philosophical   and    political    grounds; 
and  these  grounds  are  simply,  as  many 
markets,  and  allied  nations,  as  is  pos- 
sible.   The  preiscnt  book  we  therefore 
recommend,   as  one   from   which  all 
may  derive  multifarious  and  valuable 
instruction. 


FrivateMemnirs  of  the  Court  qf  Louis  XniL 
By  A  Lady.     9  voU.  Bvo, 

BY  a  Lad^.  Hem !  What  sort  of  a 
lady?  A  Countess-— a  Venus  I  fwe 
have  her  own  authority  for  so  calling 
her)  aud  the  Adouls  Louis  XVIII ! 


A  pretty  piece  of  mythology !  *  But  all 
natural,  because  it  is  French  !  French 
husbands  and  wives  are,  as  to  their 
conduct  towards  each  other,  mere  bro- 
thers and  sisters — not  one  bone  and 
one  flesh !  (There  are  no  more  green- 
eyed  fiends  in  France  than  toads  in 
Ireland!  There  may  be  a  knowledge 
worthy  of  acquisition,  as  well  as  booK- 
knowfed^e;  viz.  knowledge  of  humap 
nature,  in  all  its  forms  and  shapes,  as 
applicable  to  this  or  that  country.  This 
book,  for  instance,  is  one  which  is  an 
exquisite  specimen  of  French-ness.  It 
is  perfect  both  in  odour,  florescence, 
and  fructification !  A  Linnaean  Ches- 
terfield would  classify  it  as  one  of  the 
Polygamia — male  and  female  flowers 
on  the  same  stem  ;  for  he  who  marries 
a  French  woman,  marries  (intellectu- 
ally and  morally)  both  a  man  and  a 
woman  ! 

Without  going  furthei  into  French 
conjugal    physiology,   we  shall  come 
to   the    work    before   us.      No  book, 
publibhed  within  this  century,  abounds 
with  more  delightful  interest,  or  gives 
such  clear  conceptions  of  French  cha- 
racter generally,  or  of  the  leaders  of  the 
Revolution   particularly.    The  writer 
is,  inier  aiia,  a  vain  intriguante  t  but 
not    less    able    because  sne    is  vain. 
Louis  XVIII.  was  a  man  of  excellent 
common  sense,  and  superior  tact  (not 
a   mere  gasirophitist,  as   presumed) ; 
but  quite  an   opposite  character  to  a 
military  projector ;  a  good  man,  not  a 
hero — a  renelon,  not  a  Caesar.  He  was 
a  bishop  appointed  to  govern  a  mad- 
house ;  and  the  lunatics  soon  got  the 
upper  hand  of  him.    Napoleon,  in  bis 
wonderful  policy,  would  not  have  left 
a  man  capable  of  opposing  him  and  not 
in  his  interest :  he  had  nought  them 
all.  The  disposition  and  nolicy  of  Louis 
menaced  their  ruin  ;  ana  the  return  of 
the  ex-emperor  was  the  last  hope  of 
ex-functionaries,  ex- marshals,  ex-offi- 
cers, and  ex- soldiers.  The  people,  who 
had  only  to  suflcr,  were  passive.  They 
were  obliged  to  shuflSe,  and  shuffling 
is  matter  of  trade  with  a  Frenchman. 
Every   man  of   that   country    makes 
life  a  game  of  skill.     He  holos  in  con- 
tempt moral  and  honourable  character. 
He  uses  only  his  understanding.     He 
is  striving  only  to  be  the  best  chess  or 
billiard-player  with   the  men   or  the 

•  See  the  Foreign  Review,  No.  Vll.  and 
our  Sept.  Mag.  p.  248. 


52  Review.— Privaie  Memoirs  of  the  Court  of  Louis  XFIIL      [Jan. 

balls  of  fortune.  He  is,  of  course,  Louis  thought,  that  by  giTing  them 
without  heart,  and  is  insincere.  Our  the  charter,  he  had  done  all  that  was 
authoress  says  of  Talleyrand,  the  first  needful  r  but  how  was  he  to  satisfy 
inlelleclualist  of  the  nation :  soldiers  without  war,  and  functionaries 

without  places  ?  There  was  a  nation 
on  fire,  and  he  was  a  water-engine 
sent  to  quench  it.  He  was  insofficient, 
and  the  Allies  were  brought  up,  as 
more  engines,  and  succeeded. 

The  book  before  us  commits,  how- 
ever, the  greatest  errors  with  regard  to 
the  politics  of  this  country  and  the 
Allies.  The  authoress  charges  them 
with  the  most  impracticable,  and,  as 
such,  insane  projects ;  vie.  of  dis- 
membering and  parcelling  out  France. 
The  real  mtention  was  merely  that 
suggestion  of  Burke ;  viz.  that  it  was 
in  vain  to  expect  France  to  be  quiet, 
until  it  was  either  subdued  by  arms 
beyond  hope  of  successful  resistance, 
or  ruined  by  exhaustion  and  devas- 
tation, like,  in  Burke*s  figure,  a  dead 
horse  in  a  field,  skeletonised  by  beasts, 
birds,  and  insects.  This,  however, 
she  could  not  understand;  for  our 
invincible  Dnke  was  a  mere  man  of 
straw;  Blucher  a  savage;  the  King 
of  Prussia  no  better;  the  Emperor 
Alexander  somewhat  superior,  because 
he  was  gallant  to  the  ladies;  and 
the  poor  Austrian  Monarch  a  cipher, 
a  mere  hon-homme.  Want  of  head, 
or  treachery  on  the  French  side,  our 
authoress  deems  the  sole  cause  of  the 
success  of  these  poor  imbeciles ;  and 
out  of  all  her  oobag^ed  cats,  as  to 
foreign  politics,  there  is  only  one  that 
is  probable ;  viz.  that  the  burnt  child, 
the  Emperor  of  Austria,  had  made  a 
secret  treaty  with  Napoleon,  which 
covenanted  to  join  him  if  he  won 
the  first  battle.  Now,  we  think  that 
the  direction  of  Napoleon's  march  to^ 
wards  Brussels,  does  imply  such  a  pri- 
vate understanding  with  his  father-in- 
law. 

We  have  too  little  space  for  much 
remark.  The  book  in  our  judgment, 
as  we  have  before  hinted,  more  than 
any  that  we  have  read,  conveys  the 
clearest  idea  of  the  state  of  France  be- 
tween the  first  and  second  restorations 
of  the  old  French  monarchy ;  of  the 
then  existing  national  feeling ;  and  of 
the  great  public  characters;  and  we 
believe  it  to  be  substantially  a  most 
accurate  picture  of  the  events  and  per- 
sons. We  think  so,  because  every 
thing  is  probable  and  natural.  Oor 
authoresa,  in  modesty  (for  even  French 


'<  He  even  boasted  of  having  once  made 
M.  de  Talleyrand  speak  the  truth  ;  but  this 
appears  so  extraordioary  that  I  can  scarcely 
venture  to  believe  it."  ii.  87,  88. 

Fouch^  is  another  incomparable  fel- 
low ;  and  the  fact  is,  that  poor  Louis 
did  not  know  how  to  trust  one  of 
them ;  while  Buonaparte  knew  that  the 
afiedion  of  the  army  elevated  him 
above  their  power,  and  that  while  he 
could  feed  ihem  they  were  faithful;  but 
his  power  to  do  so  ceasing,  they  railed 
accordingly.  Principle  had  nought  to 
do  with  their  actions.  This  conduct 
may  be  found  even  among  the  country- 
men of  Sir  Robert  Walpole,  who  said, 
that  "  every  man  had  his  price  ;**  but 
the  difference  is  this :  such  renegades 
are  detested  and  despised  in  Walpole*s 
nation,  but  not  in  the  other.  The 
patriotism  of  France  is  estimated  by 
mere  services  to  the  sute,  in  a  military 
or  civil  view,  by  the  calibre  of  skill  in 
war  or  policy ;  and  the  understanding 
capable  of  administration  is  the  highest 
in  the  graduated  scale.  Our  authoress 
uses  such  a  scale;  and  though  Soult 
was  second  in  command  under  Na- 
poleon at  Waterloo,  she  nevertheless 
calls  him  one  who  had  become  a 
sincere  royalist,  and  was  a  man  of  in- 
tf grill/'  ii.  33. 

Louis  was,  in  the  same  style,  a 
thorough  Frenchman — a  good  and  a 
well-meaning  man,  but  who,  never- 
theless, deemed  duplicity  no  vice  of 
heart.  He  wrote  to  his  present  Ma- 
jesty to  acknowledge,  in  gratitude, 
*'  that,  next  to  God,  he  was  the  bene- 
factor to  whom  he  owed  his  throne ;" 
and  he  says  to  the  Duke  of  Wellington, 
**  that  his  birth,  in  the  same  year  with 
Napoleon,  was  a  counteracting  pur- 
pose of  Providence.'*  Our  authoiess  is 
angry  that  these  declarations  should  be 
considered  as  any  other  than  mere 
compliments — not  crateful  acknow- 
ledgments of  essential  services;  and 
represents  Louis  aw,  in  private,  insult- 
ing the  Prince- Regent  and  all  the 
AUies.  Allowances  are,  however,  to 
be  made  for  the  poor  King :  he  could 
not  appear  un-Frencht  and  nature  had 
made  of  them  a  casle  superior  to  the 
rest  of  the  human  species — the  beau 
ideal  of  our  race— children  of  Adnm 
born  before  the  fall ! 


1830.]        Rbvibw.— Williams's  Gtographf  of  Andeni  diia. 


women  may  have  modesly  in  this 
Tiew),  calls  her  work  Memoirs  t  but, 
in  fact,  it  consists  of  the  essentials  of 
real  history ;  and  we  willingly  do  jus- 
tice to  the  biue-Mlockitigum  of  her 
country,  in  saying,  that  it  is  not  pe- 
dantic, but  most  liYely  and  interest- 
ing. 

Upon  the  whole,  Louis  was  too 
good  a  man  for  the  nation ;  the  frogs 
had  a  devouring  serpent  for  a  king, 
and  yet  they  liked  him ;  they  deemra 
Louis  a  log,  though  he  was  onljr  a 
kind-hearted  human  being,  that  pitied 
them.  But  a  king  without  an  army  is 
a  carpenter  without  tools;  and  to  sup- 
pose that  Bonaparte's  old  army  would 
supply  the  desideratum,  was  as  rational 
as  to  think  that  police-officers  could  be 
made  out  of  professed  thieves,  or  the 
feline  protectors  out  of  rats.  To  add 
to  the  folly,  it  was  supposed  by  the 
Uiiras  that  Louis  could  reinstate  them, 
and  replace  every  thing  in  the  siaius 
anie  helium  t  and  this  they  thought, 
although  he  had  not  the  means  of  even 
supporting  himself  upon  the  throne. 
It  was  only  the  exhaustion  of  France, 
and  the  unexpected  return  of  Napo- 
leon, that  saved  him  and  his  family 
from  assassination ;  and  had  he  at- 
tempted to  go  the  lengths  which  the 
Ultras  desired,  that  would  have  been 
his  immediate  fate ;  Bonaparte  would 
have  been  recalled,  and  the  nation 
have  supported  him  with  an  enthu- 
siasm as  great  as  that  of  the  Revolu- 
tion. 

We  have  gone  to  this  length  because 
we  respect  the  private  character  of 
Loois,  and  know  that  his  conduct,  un- 
der all  the  circumstances,  had  every 
characteristic  of  wisdom. 


TvDo  Essays  on  the  Geography  of  Andmt 
Asiai  intended  partly  to  illustrate  the 
Campaigns  <if  Alexander f  and  the  Anabasis 
rfXenophon,  By  the  Rar.  John  Williamt, 
Ftcar  ^Lampeter,  and  Rector  of  the  Edin' 
burgh  Academy,    8t».  pp.  395. 

MR.  WILLIAMS  says: 

'*  1  think  I  can  affirm,  with  Justice,  that 
■JoMMt  every  thing  that  it  valuable  in  the 
Ti|^  and  Eaphrafies  of  D*AnviIle  has  been 
extracted  from  Gobios,  and  that  what  is 
wrong  b  D'Anville's  own."     P.  391 . 

And  again,  as  to  the  Second  Essay : 

*<  Hitherto,  all  geogn4>hera  who  have 
attempted  to  traee  the  retreat  of  the  Tea 
lliousaad,  have  been  compelled  to  take  it 


53 

for  granted  that  their  historian  was  guilty 
of  great  misrepresentations,  espectallv  with 
regard  to  what  I  may  term  the  unknown 
paru  of  the  route.  In  support  of  this,  they 
alleged  three  grots  mistakes,  taid  to  be 
committed  bj  him  on  more  known  ground : 
the  firtt,  with  respect  to  the  dittance  be- 
tween Thtptacus  and  the  Araxes ;  the  se- 
cond, at  ttated  by  Mr.  Kinneir ;  and  the 
third,  at  stated  bj  Mr.  Fortter.  At  I  have 
reitored  the  mittakes  to  their  actual  owners, 
1  venture  to  reverte  their  ammentt ;  and, 
from  the  accuracy  of  the  Journal  in  the 
parU  that  are  known,  to  infer  itt  aceuiacy 
in  the  unknown  regiont. 

'<The  line  of  the  route  it  not  ditpnted, 
and  it  accurately  giren  hi  all  mapt,  with 
one  exception :  Xenophon  did  not  cross  the 
Sangarius,  be  tailed  by  the  month  of  it." 
826. 

We  shall  now  give  a  list  of  most 
of  the  places  appropriated  by  Mr.  Wil- 
liams. 

The  first  city  which  Mr.  Williams 
professes  to  recover,  is  Ecbaiana*,  and 
this  he  says  (p.  57),  must  be  at  or  near 
Ispahan. 

Colossce  is  presumed  to  have  been 
merged  in  Chotue,  which,  the*  aathor 
thinks,  was  in  or  near  the  large  village 
or  townof  Gun^.    P.  89. 

Apameia,  still  uncertain. 

Myriandrus,  the  modern  Piks,  the 
Pass  Oemircape.     P.  1|6. 

Thapsacus,  on  the  western  bank  of 
the  river,  nearly  opposite  to  the  mo- 
dern i?acca  (p.  129),  now  Surich. 

Nicephorium,  now  Racca.  P.  133, 
seq. 

Anthemusias,  ruins  on  the  main- 
road,  about  twenty-six  miles  from  Bir. 
P.  137. 

licsaina,  the  modern  Rasal-Aln.  P. 
140. 

Callinicum,  either  the  same  with 
Nicephorium,  or  a  town  opposite,  on 
the  other  side  of  the  Bilectra,  near  its 
junction  with  the  Euphrates,  no  doubt 
the  modern  Racca  (p.  142),  Elini- 
cum,  a  recent  name  for  Nicephoriuus. 
Ibid. 

Sura,  the  modern  Sorieh  (p.  I46V 
Thapsacus.     P.  147. 

Araxes,    1  River,  the  Kbabonr.  P, 

ChaboraSfj  148. 

Carehemisk  of  the  Scriptures ;  Cir- 
cusium,  or  Circesium ;  now  Karkisiah. 
P.  154. 

Zenobia,  Zelebi.     P.  IG3. 

Id  Dara,  or  Da-Dara,  now  Al- 
Der.     P.  164. 


^  i.  €.  The  Median,  one  out  of  fViur. 


54 


Rbtibw.— Williams's  Geography  of  Jnctent  A$ia»  [Jafi. 


Pcrisaborat,  Birsahorat  probably 
Kari  Ebn  Hobeira.     P.  187. 

Siliace,  the  same  a%  the  Sittace  of 
all  other  ancient  authors.     P.  IQO. 

Opist  about  seven  miles  above  the 
Koote  of  the  Map.     P.  I94. 
Zaies,     \  River,  the  modern  Diala, 
Zabalus,  J  or  Diicla.     P.  1 94 
Parasligris  of  Pliny,  Shai-al-arab. 

P.  207. 

Samare,  Sorrah-ManRa).    P.  205. 

J^rissa,  Bagdat.     P.  210. 

Mespiih,  probably  Dokhara.  P.  210. 

Burnadus  (river),  the  modern  Hazir 
Su.     P.  216. 

Beled,  or      1  Where    Alexander 

Eske  Mosul,  J  crossed  the  Tigris. 

P.  217. 

JIalrcp,  Hoddur  of  the  Arabs.  P.  232. 

Pinax,  the  modern  Mardin.    P.  244. 

Niphafei  river.  Batman  Su.    P.  263. 

Niphafes  mountain,  Barema.  P.  263. 

Tigris  river  of  Pliny  and  Ptolemy, 
the  Bellis.     P.  273. 

Tigris  of  Strabo,  llie  Sest.     P.  275. 

Martvropolis,  Miafarikin.     P.  275. 

Bezabde,  or  Phenica,  Hesn  Keifa. 
P.  278. 

Moxocne,  possibly  Moush.     P.  280. 

Dascusa,  Aizen-Gian.     P.  286. 

Arsamosaia,  Semsal.     P.  290. 

Charpote,  Karpoot.     P.  290. 

Caluaia,  Erzerom.     P.  291. 

Carduchian  Hills,  Hamrim  Range, 
the  first  ridge.     P.  2g2, 

^ymm«5,orji    j^^      P.  309. 

Saspara,      J 

Gemish-Khana,  in  this  neighbour- 
hood is  the  8|>ot  where  Xenophon  and 
ten  thousand  Greeks  first  saw  the 
Euxine.     P.  312. 

Every  body  must  be  aware  that,  to 
discuss  such  ancient  geo^rapical  ques- 
tions is  no  easy  task  ;  and,  whatever 
may  be  the  opinion  of  travellers  and 
scholars  as  to  the  success  of  Mr.  WiU 
liams,  ii  is  certain  that  the  work  evinces 
learning*  industry,  and  acumen.  It  is 
professedly  a  scholar's  book,  but  is  oc- 
casionally enlivened  by  some  curious 
matters;  one  is,  the  presumed  origin 
of  Vitrified  Forts,  Druidical 
B0KFIRK8,  Nebuchadniszzar*8  Fur- 
nace, &c. 

<'  Of  the  prevalence  of  fire-worship  tX 
Fa-iarpu'Ia,  we  licve  an  interesting  account 
in  Appian's  History  of  the  Mtthridatic  Wars, 
which,  although  long,  I  shall  here  insert,  as 
it  may  tend  to  call  forth  souie  interesting 
ioformation,  and  induce  future  travellers 
more  nariowly  to  obseivc  the  summits  of 


renaarkable  hills  in  the  East,  where  probably 
wiU  ht  fofund  whatantiquariM  call  vitrifiio 
ports.  '  MIthridates  offered  a  sacrifice,  af- 
ter the  manner  of  his  ancestors,  to  Jupiter 
Stratius,  having  heaped  upon  a  lofty  hill  a 
loftier  pile  of  wood.  The  kings  themselves 
carry  the  first  pieces  of  wood  to  tlie  pile. 
They  form  anotner  pile  circular  and  lower. 
On  the  upper  they  place  honey>  milk,  wine 
and  oil,  with  every  species  of  incense ;  on 
the  lower  (or  on  the  one  in  the  plain)  a  ban- 
quet is  spread  for  the  refreshment  of  the 
spectators.  They  then  set  fire  to  the  pile. 
The  Persian  kings  have  a  similar  sacrifice  at 
Paaargada ;  and  the  blazing  pile,  on  account 
of  its  magnitude,  becomes  visible  to  sailois 
at  a  distance  of  1000  stadia ;  and  they  aay, 
that  it  is  impossible  to  approach  the  spot  fur 
several  days  on  account  of  the  heat  of  the 
atmosphere.  Thus  Mithridates  offered  a  sa- 
crifice, after  the  manner  of  his  ancestors.' 
May  we  not,  from  this  description,  conclude 
that  the  fiery  furnace,  into  which  the  three 
children  were  thrown,  was  a  mockery  of  the 
religious  rites  of  the  fire-worabippers,  and 
tliat  Ncbochadnezaar,  by  casting  living  be- 
ings into  it,  wished  to  pollute  she  god  of 
Cm  Medes  and  Persians,  and  add  insult  to 
conquest.  The  choioe  to  the  gneber  was 
terrible — either  submission  to  toe  tyrant's 
order,  or  to  become  the  instrument  of  con- 
taminating the  sacred  emblem  by  a  pollution 
which  his  soul  abhorred. 

*^  Pliny  fixes  the  position  of  the  Syrian 
Ecbatana,  by  mfbrming  us,  that  on  Alount 
Gurnel  there  was  a  town  formerly,  called 
Ecbatana.  Is  it  too  much  to  suppose,  that 
when  Elijah  challenged  the  priests  of  Baal 
to  meet  him  on  Mount  Carmel,  be  did  h 
because  it  was  their  own  high  place,  their 
fiivourite  spot  for  kindling  the  religious  psle^ 
«nd  making  its  reflection  in  tlie  heavens 
visible  from  tlie  borders  of  ^ypt  to  the  cit/ 
of  Tyre  ?  According  to  the  9or^>tllres,  their 
altar  was  already  made.  My  own  firm  con- 
viction is,  that  the  Prophet  intended  to 
defeat  them  by  an  appeal  to  the  very  element 
of  which  they  professed  themselves  the  de- 
voted worshippers."  P.  72. 

Concerning  Goliath  and  the  Philis- 
tines, Mr.  Williams  says : 

**  Many  commentators  on  the  Koran,  and 
other  Oriental  writers,  affirm,  that  Thalulh 
or  Goliath,  was  descended  from  ^e  Curds ; 
or,  more  properly  speaking,  tliat  the  Philis- 
tines deduced  by  us  firom  the  Egyptians  were 
A  Curdish  race.^'  P.  fl46. 

Studies  on  Natural  History  j  exUtiiii^  a 
popular  View  of  the  most  striking  and 
interesting  Oljccis  0/  the  material  iForU, 
Jlluatrated  by  ten  Engravings,  By  William 
Rhind,  Member  of  the  Royal  Medical  and 
Royal  Physical  Socidicx  of  Edssibtergh. 
Post  8ro.  pp,  C47. 


1S30.]  Revibw.— Rliind*6  Studies  of  Natural  Hkkrry. 


55 


IT  has  be«n  remarked  by  eminent 
philosophers,  that  Natural  PhiloeophT 
IS  the  most  rfBcteiit  ageiii  of  incuK* 
eating  rational  piety  and  the  love  of 
God.  To  this  may  be  added,  that  it 
exhibits  the  analogies  which  exist  be- 
tween the  hws  of  Providence  and 
the  revelations  of  Scri|)ture.  For  in- 
stance, Mr.  Granville  Penn  has,  by 
[)hilo>ophical  facts,  authenticated  the 
Niosaic  cosmogony ;  and  in  this  work 
we  may  find  a  similar  corroboration 
of  the  prophetic  destruction  of  this 
planet  by  fire. 

"  £v«r7  tolid  substance  oo  the  face  of  the 
globe,  by  means  of  strong  heat,  mi^ht  be 
reduced  into  the  ktate  of  vapour.**     P.  299. 

It  is  also  possible  that  the  primary 
state  of  our  globe  was  that  of  a  ball  of 
mere  vapour,  indurated  by  subiractiou 
of  caloric  *  ;  for,  says  Mr.  Rhynd, 

**  The  air  of  the  atmosphere  itself,  which, 
uttdcr  tlM  usual  varieties  of  temperature 
always  remaina  a  vapour,  there  is  every  ana- 
logy for  supposing  might  also  be  rentlered 
Jiuul,  and  even  a  solid,  under  intense  de- 
grees of  cold.**     Ibid. 

As  the  belief  of  a  "  Day  of  Judg- 
ment'* is  one  of  the  pillars  of  religion^ 
we  add  from  Tzschiriier,  that  all  ma- 
terial bodies  av'e  subject  to  the  laws  of 
mutation  and  di>s<>luiion  ;  and  the 
earth  having  undergone  the  former 
more  than  once,  it  may  be  finally  sub- 
ject to  the  latter. 

Of  «11  the  departments  of  Natural 
Mistory,  the  most  curious  is  Entomo- 
logy. We  shall  extract  some  very  ex- 
traordinary case. 

Insects,  at  least  certain  kinds,  survive 
aniputjiion  of  limbs,  decapitation,  and 
evisceration  itself,  and  even  disregard 
such  misfortunes. 

'<  And  what  is  more  extraordinary,  the 
headless  trunk  of  a  male  mantis  has  been 
known  to  unite  itself  to  the  other  sex.  And 
all  this  is  so  hx  a  beneficial  povblon  of  na- 
ture. Io9ect!i,  from  their  diminusive  sixe, 
and  frai^ile  texture,  are  contiDuallr  exposed 
to  injury ;  ami  had  they  been  formed  as 
sensible  to  thi^  injury  as  the  lar^r  species, 
the  quantum  of  animal  suffering  would  have 
been  extreme.**     P.  16J». 

Flics  walk  upon  ceilings  by  the  fol- 
lowing; means : 

*<  Mauy  creeping  insects,  esjiecially  flies, 
have  a  curious  provisloa  of  hollow  suckers 
at  the  extremities  ot  their  legs,  with  which 

*  The  earth  still  bacomes  colder  and 
colder.  See  .Amott*s  Phvsics,  vol.  ii.  pi.  i. 
p.  190. 


they  form  a  vaeonm,  and  the  pressure  of  the 
external  air,  acting  in  a  similar  manner  as 
the  leathern  suckers  with  which  boys  lift 
stones,  &c.  enables  them  to  resist  the  bws 
of  gravity,  and  walk  on  onr  ceilings,  and 
along  perpeadieular  sur&ces.'*     Ibid. 

Insects  also  exhibit  glimpses  of  a  re- 
flecting faculty,  and  use  conirivancet 
which  imply  reason  (l63-l64).  Their 
strength,  compared  with  their  sixe,  is 
wonderful ;  for  a  man  or  a  horse  cannot 
jump  three  times  their  length,  but  a 
flea  a  hundred  times.  U(>un  this  sub- 
ject our  author  says, 

*<  Were  our  large  animals  endowed  with 
the  same  strength  of  muscle,  in  proportion 
to  their  size,  as  the  insect  tribes,  their 
power  would  be  prodigious,  and  in  the  case 
of  ferocious  animals,  dangerous  in  the  ex- 
treme ;  and  it  is  a  fortunate  provision  of  na- 
ture that  they  are  not  so.  Tlius  a  cock- 
chaflFer  is  six  times  stronger,  comparatively, 
than  a  horse.  If  the  elephant  were  power- 
ful in  proportion  to  the  stag-beetle,  it  would 
wit|i  the  greatest  facility  level  mountains, 
and  tear  up  the  largest  rocks  i  and  were  the 
swiftness  and  strength  of  some  insects  given 
in  corresponding  proportion  to  the  lion  and 
tiger,  the  viper  or  the  rattle-snake,  no  beiag 
could  escape  their  vengeance.*'     P.  1 80. 

Ants  fight  battles  in  large  bodiet^ 
with  systematic  human  tactics  j  and 
carry  the  young  of  the  negro  ants, 

**  Which  they  rear  up  as  slaves,  making 
them  do  all  the  buainess  of  the  commnnityi 
feed,  attend  ufion,  and  carry  tlieir  mastwsy 
and  uursc  the  young.'*     P.  915. 

But  the  greatest  curiosity  is — they 
keep  cows. 

'*  Ants  feed  on  auimal  matter,  the  juices 
of  fiuits  and  plants,  and  what  is  roost  sin- 
gular, on  a  fluid  which  they  suek,  like  milk, 
from  insects,  called  yfphides,  which  live  on 
the  juices  of  the  leaves  and  roots  of  plants. 

**  These  small  insects  have  been  called 
the  cows  of  the  ants,  and  not  improperly  i 
they  afford  a  juice  equivalent  to  milk,  and 
tlie  ants  keep  them  in  flocks  near  their  ant* 
hills,  and  regularly  milk  tliera  by  applying 
tlieir  mouths  to  their  bellies,  and  pulling 
them  wiiii  their  mandibles,  till  the  juice 
fldws  freely.  Some  species  of  ants  preserve 
the  eggs  of  these  cows,  and  rear  them  up 
with  as  much  care  as  they  do  their  own 
young.  These  flocks  too,  of  Aphidfty  are 
often  the  cause  of  battles  and  contests  be- 
tween different  settlements;  and  the  more 
numerous  the  flocks,  the  richer  and  more 
luxuriously  sop|)lied  are  the  various  commu* 
niues. 

«  <  The  greatest  cow* keeper  of  all  the 
ante,'  say  Mes»r».  Kirby  and  Spence,  *  ia 
ona  to  be  met  with  in  moat  of  our  pastures^ 


56     Review. — Tales  of  Four  Nations, — Foreign  Review,  No.  IX.    [Jan# 


residing  in  hemispherical  nesU,  which  are 
•ometimes  of  considerable  dimensions,  and 
is  known  as  the  yellow  ant.     This  species, 
which  is  not  fond  of  roaming  from  home, 
and  likes  to  have  all  its  conveniences  within 
reach,  usually  collects  in  iu  nest  a  large 
hord  of  a  kind  uf  aphis,  that  derives   its 
nourishment  from  the  roots  of  grass  and 
other  plants.     These  it  transports  from  the 
neighbouring   roots,    probably   by   subter- 
ranean galleries,  excavated  for  the  purpose, 
leading  from  the  nest  in  all  directions,  and 
thus  without  going  out,  it  has  always  at 
hand  a  copious  supply  of  food.    These  crea- 
tures share  its  care  and  solicitude  equally 
with   its   own   offspring.     To  the  eggs  it 
pays  particular  attention,  moistening  them 
with  iu  tongue,  carrying  them  in  its  mouth 
with  the  utmost  tenderness,  and  giving  them 
the  advantage  of  the  sun."   Pp.  217 — 219. 
We  have  thas  given  extracts  suffi- 
cient   to    show  the    curious    matters 
found  in  this  book.     We  have  only  to 
add,  that  Mr.  Rhind  has  dressed  thein 
up  in  a  most  eloquent  and  interesting 
style,    accompanied    with    instructive 
delineations  of  the  ineffable  wisdom  of 
Providence. 

Tales  of  Four  Nations.    In  three  volumes. 

NOVELS  have  an  advantage  over 
many  other  books,  because  tney  are 
read  through  with  a  certain  degree  of 
attention.  If  they  impress  moraltruths 
and  augment  knowledge  of  life,  no 
objection  can  be  reasonably  made  to 
a  perusal  of  them ;  and  if  they  do  treat 
chiefly  of  courting  (under  prudent 
forms),  and  end  in  matrimony,  cer- 
tainly that  is  the  only  moral  and  legi- 
timate object  of  courtship.  They  may 
indeed  be  said  to  stimulate  courting 
prematurely ;  but  we  doubt  whether  it 
would  be  possible  to  prevent  youne 
people  from  this  whether  they  read 
novels  or  not.  Courting  therefore  is 
amongst  the  most  natural  of  human 
events ;  and  these  tales,  like  all  others, 
turn  upon  the  same  pivot.  The  only 
mistake  is,  that  the  heroes  of  noveuT 
are  generally  in  character  real  heroes, 
whereas  the  majority  of  lovers  in  actual 
life  are  very  far  from  having  such  lofty 
pretensions;  they  are  morally  mere 
enthusiasts  as  to  the  charms  of  their 
respective  mistresses,  or  cold  calculators 
of  their  fortunes. 

The  tale  called  the  Ambuscade  is 
the  best;  and  the  hero,  a  captain  of  a 
frigate,  would  not  disgrace  the  Iliad  or 
£neid.  The  character  of  the  **  Cubs 
of  the  British  Lion,"  i.  e.  our  sailor?, 
and  of  some  smugglers  of  all  nations. 


are  excellently  drawn.  There  is  much 
humour  in  the  French  smuggler 
Belitro. 

The  character  of  Phil  the  sailor,  a 
genuine  Tom  Pipes,  is  very  interesting. 

Von  Puffendorf  and  Fernandez  the 
Mexican,  are  6ne  characters  in  the 
other  tales  ;  but  we  trust  that  we  need 
not  say  more  in  favour  of  the  book. 

The  Foreign  Review,  No.  IX. 

THE  great  distinction  of  English 
and  foreign  literature  is,  according  to 
the  works  noticed  in  this  valuable  Re- 
view, the  preponderance  of  imagina- 
tion over  reason.  We  have  not  seen  a 
single  foreign  writer  who  can  be  called 
(to  use  the  term  out  of  the  technical 
sense)  a  logician.  If  conclusions  do 
occur,  there  are  no  premises;  if  there 
are  feet,  there  are  no  legs.  But  we 
must  proceed  to  the  articles. 

I.  biographyof  Jean  Paul  Frede* 
rick  Richter.  This  was  a  man  of  verv 
uncommon  talents,  but  exhibited  with 
such  wildness  of  fancy  as  would  be  an 
exemplar  to  Englishmen  of  the  truth 
of  the  line, 

**  Great  wits  to  madoesi  nearly  are  allied.'* 

Every  body  knows  the  story  of  Gold- 
smith's contented  Sailor ;  but  not  how 
superior  mind  may  prevent  debase- 
ment of  character,  too  usual  under  the 
severest  extremities  of  indigence.  For 
year  upon  year  was  poor  Richter 
doomed  to  feel  that,  though  an  appe- 
tite is  a  certain  thing,  a  dinner  is  not; 
but  Providence  flogged  him  into  con- 
tentment, in  the  fine  language  of  the 
Critic  in  this  masterly  article : 

*'  On  this  forsaken  youth,  Fortmie  teem- 
ed to  have  let  loose  her  ban  dogs,  and  hmi- 
gry  ruin  had  him  in  the  wind.  Whiioot  was 
no  help,  no  counsel ;  but  then  ky  a  giant 
force  within ;  and  so  firom  the  oeptha  of 
that  sorrow  and  abasement,  bis  better  soul 
rose  purified  and  invincible,  like  Hercules 
firom  his  long  labours.  A  high  cheerful 
stoicism  grew  up  in  the  man.  Poverty,  pato* 
and  all  evil  he  leaned  to  regard  not  as  what 
they  seemed,  but  as  what  they  were;  ha 
learned  to  despise  them,  nay,  in  kind 
mockery  to  sport  with  them,  as  with  bright 
spotted  wild  beasts  which  he  had  tamed  and 
Iwmessed."     pp.  17,  18. 

For  many  years  did  this  eaglet  open 
his  mouth,  and  scream  for  food ;  but 
his  noble  race  was  at  last  recognized; 
he  was  fed  and  patronized  ;  soared,  and 
was  admired. 

IL  Finder's  Uislory  of  the  Dia^ 


1830.] 


RiviEW.— Foreign  Retiem,  No.  IX. 


67 


momd.  Another  superior  article.  Of 
crystallisation  the  ancients  bad  no 
knowledge  whatever  i  nor  of  examin- 
ing f^enis  by  weight,  a  process  first 
employed  by  the  Arabs  in  the  thir« 
teenih  centtirv. — Adamas  among  the 
ancient  Greeks  applied  only  to  the 
hardest  steel ;  and  diamat  first  occurs 
in  Albertus  Magnus,  who  died  in  1280. 
The  earliest  author  who  mentions  the 
diamond  expressly  is  Theophrastus ; 
and  the  cause  of  this  neglect  seems  to 
have  been,  that  the  ancients  paid  more 
attention  to  the  coloured  reflection  of 
light  than  to  the  clearness  and  purity 
of  the  jewels  themselves.  Lewis  de 
fierquin  was  the  first,  in  147(>,  who 
polished  one  diamond  with  the  aid  of 
another;  and  glass  was  cut  with  red 
hoc  steel,  before  the  use  of  the  diamond 
in  the  l6th  century. 

III.  The  French  Cahinei.  Political 
prognostications,  which  we  do  not 
prefer  to  those  of  Dr.  Almanack  Moore. 
Prussia  is  soon  to  become  the  most 
powerful  European  Sovereignly.  This 
information  is  certainly  novel. 

IV.  Sltid^  qfthe  Civil  Law  in  Eng" 
land,  A  curious  fact  occurs  in  p.  73. 
The  most  ancient  law  book  in  Eng- 
land, viz.  Glanville's  Tractatus  de  Le- 
gibus,  &c.  temp.  Edw.  II.  is  in  a  great 
part  at  least  'a  servile  copy  of  the  pan- 
dects of  Justinian.  The  latter  were 
introduced  into  England  in  the  time  of 
Stephen  ;  Glanville  was  made  Chief 
Justice  in  1181;  Vacarius  lectured 
upon  the  civil  law  at  Oxford  about 
1150  (16  Stephen),  and  to  the  ISth 
century  we  may  therefore  ascribe  the 
incor|>orjtion  of  the  civil  law  with 
that  of  the  old  Saxon  and  Norman. 

V.  Animal  Magnetism. ^\i\  expo- 
sure of  charlatanry,  showing  that,  if 
one  fool  makes  many,  one  rogue  can 
do  the  same. 

yi.  The  Wolhers  Slolberg.  We 
think  that  ihefr  |K)elry  deserves  more 
praise  than  the  reviewers  have  awarded. 

VII.  Dumonfs  Uentham  on  Judica- 
ture, Mr.  Beniham  (see  p.  154)  oh- 
jects  altogether  to  trial  iyjury  !  to  the 
palladium  of  English  liberty.  Now, 
though  there  may  be  crooked  \efp  in 
law,  which  ought  by  reforming  irons 
to  be  made  straight,  we  should  be 
sorry  to  see  such  legs  amputated,  and 
supplied  by  Mr.  Bentham's  wooden 
substitutes.  The  reformers  whom  we 
respect  are  those  who  do  not  mutilate 
statues,  like  Iconoclasts,  but  animate 
them  like  Pygmalion. 

GtitT.  Mao.  Jffiwary,  1880. 

8 


VIII.  Niccoliiti^s  IVorks.  A  man 
who  wants  to  fly,  but  only  makes  long 
jumps.  The  most  eminent  Italians 
consider  their  language  to  be  one 
formed  from  the  old  vernacular  dia- 
lecu  of  Italv,  not,  as  Niccolini,  a  cor- 
ruption of  the  Latin  ;  bnt  the  reviewer, 
in  very  proper  castigation,  observes, 

*<Tlut  there  was  a  language  different 
from  the  noble  Latin,  called  vulgarii^  qxuiti- 
dianuSfplebeus,  rustiatSf  miUtans,  eastrentis, 
&c.  in  tbe  timet  of  Cicero,  as  before.'* 
P.  186. 

It  is  very  easy  to  compare  the  pure 
Roman  with  the  Italian,  by  the  mere 
aid  of  dictionaries,  and  thus  settle  the 
question. 

IX.  Montaigne* s  Essays.  If  a  man 
be  an  egotist,  his  ideas  are  likely  to  be 
in  consequence  original ;  and  tnose  of 
Montaigne  we  think  to  be  deserving 
of  very  liij^h  respect. 

X.  Pohce.  The  critic  thinks  that 
the  new  svstein  recently  introduced 
into  the  Metropolis  may  be  made  a 
most  dangerous  instrument  of  destroy- 
ing the  liberties  of  Englishmen.  He 
acquits  Government  of  any  such  de- 
sign ;  and  indeed  the  good  may  be  ef- 
fected without  the  prospective  evil,  by 
leaving  the  patronage  and  appoint- 
ments in  the  nands  of  the  people ;  or, 
as  the  critic  suggests,  by  muking  the 
present  Constabulary  more  enicient. 

Among  the  Continental  intelligence 
arc  the  following  curious  things.  A 
small  library  of  books,  all  written  by 
negroes,  showing  that  there  is  hardly  a 
science  in  which  some  negro  has  not 
been  distinguished,  (p.  2()8.)  A  sta- 
tue of  Venus,  found  at  Bonaira  near 
Syracuse,  said  to  excel  the  Medicean. 
(£69.)  Greek  inscriptions,  remains, 
&c.  faid  to  be  found  near  Monte  Vi- 
deo, but  disbelieved.  (2()6.)  And  to 
show  how  easily  the  discovery  of  hye- 
nas* bones  in  caves  may  be  aN/e-dated, 
as  we  have  before  observed  in  our  re- 
cent notice  of  Mr.  Rutter*s  Somerset- 
shire Delineations,  we  find  that 

« At  Erdrestrom  two  brick  inuiges  of 
Egyptian  deiiies  with  rams'  heads  and  am- 
rouo  boms,  have  been  found.  They  were 
lying  far  Iriow  the  surface  tf  the  river's 
bed,  amid  a  quantity  df  mud,  under  which 
uxu  a  large  stratum  qf  clay,  and  conse- 
quently they  must  have  l-een  there  far  some 
thousands  qf  years.**     P.  267. 

Are  brick-making  and  Egyptian  re- 
mains antediluvian?  We  shall  believe 
so,  when  Adam  and  Eve's  fig- leaved 
aprons  are  excavated. 


58 


Review. — Cox  on  tfie  Liturgy. — ^Tunnard's  Address.        [Jan. 


The  Liturgy  revised^  or  the  Necessity  and 
Beneficial  Effects  of  an  authorised  Abridg- 
ment, 6fc,  SfC.  By  the  Rev,  Robert  Coxy 
4'M,  ifc,   Svo.pp.  136. 

Improvement  of  the  Liturgy,  sounds 
to  us  much  like  improvement  ofWest- 
minster  Abbey  or  King's  College  Cha- 
pel— nay,  of  the  Bible  itself!  But  we 
must  do  Mr.  Cox  the  justice  to  own 
that  he  does  not  wish  to  alter,  only  to 
omit  and  modify ;  and,  most  certainly, 
he  exemplifies  his  plan  with  ability. 
It  is  most  true  that  a  bill  of  exceptions 
may  be  tendered,  on  the  score  of 
desuetude  (see  p.  17);  but  then  the 
very  same  objection  may  be  made  to 
the  Bible  itself.  Nothing  can  be  a 
standard  which  carries  with  it  a  ne- 
cessity of  variation,  and  which,  in  a 
matter  of  fact  affair,  is  of  course  inad- 
missible. There  is  a  holiness  in  the 
IJturgy  which  is  not  human.  It  is  a 
book  taken  from  the  library  of  the 
recording  Angel.  Mr.  Cox's  motive 
is  to  reconcile  the  Dissenters  to  the 
Church.  That  philosophers  know  to 
be  impossible.  It  forms  the  entirety 
of  dissent  that  every  man  should  be  at 
liberty  to  make  his  own  interpretation 
of  Scripture;  to  make  the  possible, 
not  the  actual,  meaning  of  the  sacred 
text  the  real  meaning  ;  to  exclude  con- 
text and  contemporaneous  application, 
and  even  the  jubt  literal  construction 
of  the  words  and  phrases  of  the  original 
language.  Mr.  Cox  forgets  that  a  Li- 
tuT^y  is,  in  se,  an  extinguisherlof  such 
notions;  that  it  is  both  a  legal  adviser 
and  a  parental  monitor,  and  that  he 
who  follows  it  no  longer  advocates 
what  is  called  «*  religious  liberty." 
The  idea  of  conciliating  the  Dissenters 
by  such  means,  implies  the  grossest 
inexperience.  Not  a  single  sect  (except 
the  Methodists,  who  aflect  the  cos- 
tume of  the  Church)  use  a  prescribed 
form  of  words  for  their  prayer;  and, 
when  Bishop  Marsh  proposed  a  joint 
delivery  of  prayer-books,  with  bibles, 
was  there  not  a  clamour  excited,  and 
a  schism  generated  ?  If  this  fact  will 
not  satisfy  Mr.  Cox  of  the  inefficiency 
of  attempting  to  wheedle  Dissenters 
into  our  Liturgy,  does  he  forget  that 
the  very  maintenance  of  dissenting 
ministeis  is  lost,  if  their  followers  are 
merged  in  Church  people;  that,  if  the 
holy  orders  of  such  ministers  are  re- 
cognized, then  there  is  a  virtual  con- 
fession of  mere  unfounded  assumption 
in  the  regular  clergy.  That  Mr.  Cox 
is  any  thing  but  a  philosopher  as  to 


Dissenters,  he  will  see  from  an  excel- 
lent little  work  called  "  The  Valleys,*' 
noticed  in  oar  vol.  xcvii.  i.  p.  604. 


Employment  of  the  Poor.  An  Address  to 
the  Grand  Jury  qfthe  Hundreds  of  Kir  ton 
and  Skirbeckf  in  the  partt  ofHoliandf  in 
the  County  of  Lineolnt  at  the  General 
Quarter  Sessions  of  the  Peace,  held  at 
Boston,  Oct.  20,  1829.  By  Charles 
Keightley  Tunnard,  esq.  Chairman,  pulf 
lished  at  the  r&juesl  of  the  Bench  tmd  rf 
the  Grand  Jury.  Svo.  pp.  1 5. 

MR.  TUNNARD  has  very  ably 
and  judiciously  exhibited  the  evils  aU 
teiidant  upon  the  allowance,  system 
and  parochial  mismanagement,  to 
which  we  have  had  occasion  to  allude 
in  our  notices  of  the  Anti-pauper 
systems  of  Messrs.  Becher  ana  Bos- 
worth.  These,  of  course,  we  shall  not 
repeat,  but  shall  direct  our  attention  to 
the  valuable  observations  of  Mr.  Tun- 
nard  on  the  abuse  of  parochial  road- 
work. 

<*  We  natarally  first  turn  our  attention  to 
the  public  works  in  our  parlthes,  and  find 
the  highways  available  to  the  employment 
of  the  poor ;  not  in  the  disgraceful  manner 
in  whicn  they  are  at  present  carried  on,  for 
I  will  be  bold  to  say,  that  with  the  same 
expenditure  which  now  takes  place  in  our 
different  parishes  for  what  is  ndsely  called 
the  repairs  of  the  highways,  but  which  it 
nothbg  better  than  a  wanton  waste  of 
parish  money,  we  might  have  good  roads 
and  full  employment  for  a  number  of  our 
labouring  poor ;  but  the  evil  of  the  allow- 
ance system  has  found  its  way,  even  into 
this  branch  of  our  parish  expenditure.  An 
idle  man  applies  for  relief  to  the  overseer ; 
he  sends  him  to  the  surveyor,  who  directs 
him  *  to  let  the  water  off  the  roods,  and  chop 
in  ruts  (this  is  the  usual  language) ;'  aaid 
there  the  parish  labourer  is  left  for  weeks 
without  the  superintendence  of  any  one  to 
see  that  he  has  performed  a  single  day's 
work.  I  have  myself  put  the  question  to 
surveyors,  and  received  for  answer,  '  Oh, 
Sir,  It  b  only  to  keep  him  out  of  mischief; 
he  is  a  drunken  eood-for-nothing  fellow, 
and  always  chargeable  to  the  psri*h,  so  we 
put  him  on  the  highways.'  This  is  a  fre* 
quent  and  not  an  exaggerated  case ;  and  I 
would  ask  you,  gentlemen,  if  this  is  just  to 
yourselves  as  charge-bearers,  or  just  to  the 
unfortunate  individual,  who  is  thus  en- 
cmiraged  to  habitual  idleness.  I  am  con- 
vinced that,  with  proper  attention,  much 
might  be  accomplished  for  the  good  of  the 
parishes  every  way,  by  the  employment  of 
their  labourers  at  stated  seasons  on  the 
highways.  Let  the  parishioners  view  their 
roads  and  direct  what  shall  bt  done ;  thien 


1830.] 


Misccllaneoiii  Reviews. 


59 


mn  BMaj  roads  waat  even  formioff,  which 
«re  DOW,  from  iMf^cct,  nothing  out  bills 
•ad  holes  ;  msuT  would  become  excellent,  m 
hi  m  the  materiel  of  the  eoontry  will  admits 
hj  turaioig  {  and  one^tenth  part  of  the  days' 
work  which  are  now  paid  for  u  soch,  would 
be*sn£5eient  to  keep  them  in  constant  re- 
pair."   P.  IS. 

7Vx>  Leetura  on  the  HtMiury  qf  Biblical  In- 
terprelationf  wiihan  Jppendix.    By  Her- 
bert   Marsh,     D.D.  F,RJS.  and  F,Su4. 
Lady  Margart^s  Professor  qfDivimiy  in 
the  UmversUy  qf  Cambridge^  and  Bishop 
if  PHerbvrough,    800.  pp,  63. 
IT  would  seem  a  strange  deviation 
from  common  sense,  if  a  person  pro- 
fessing to  state  the  factual  words  olaa- 
other,  as  evidence  in  a  court  of  justice, 
should  give  only  a  coustructiou  of  their 


meaning  made  by  himself  or  others, 
or,  in  other  words,  should  substituie  a 
comment  for  the  text.  Yet  of  such  an 
absurdity  the  learned  Bishop  plainly 
shows,  that  the  majority  of  the  Fathers 
were  guilty;  for  it  seems  that  they 
used  various  principles  of  interpreta- 
tion, mystical,  allegorical,  &c.  and 
which  in  Barrow's  language  made  the 
Scripture  a  series  of  riddles.  In  what 
modes  of  interpretation  the  Fathers 
have  so  erred,  his  Lordship  shows; 
and  such  a  work,  written  by  a  prelate 
of  such  commanding  erudition,  in  so 
convenient  and  concise  a  form,  ia  of 
no  small  benefit  to  the  theologian  ;  for 
he  might  wade  through  volumes  before 
he  would  comprehend  the  "  principles 
of  interpretation'*  developed  here. 


Mr.  Ellis's  British  Tariff,  shewing  the 
JhUUs  payable  on  Foreign  Good*  imparted 
into  Gfeat  Britain,  Irdand,  ^c.  is  a  work  of 
which  the  value  is  erident,  and  the  execu- 
tion most  BMritorious. 

Mr.  J.  H.  Cuaris  has  published  if  j^ 
nopHeal  Chart  tf  the  Diseases  qf  the  m-, 
showing  their  order,  classification,  seat> 
symptoms,  causes,  and  treatment.  This 
aiole  and  experienced  aurist  has  here  pre- 
sented to  the  profession  and  to  the  public 
at  large,  a  highly  valuable  sheet  for  refer- 
eoee,  expressed  in  a  clear  and  satisfiictory 


Mr.  J.  Gorton,  the  Editor  of  the  Gene- 
ral Btographical  Dictiooary,  has  commenced 
pubishiog,  in  Monthly  Numbers,  a  New  and 
Comprehensive  Topographical  Dictionary. 
The  whole  will  be  comprised  in  43  Numbers, 
and  embellished  with  48  maps.  The  first 
Number  affords  evidence  of  being  carefully 
compiled ;  and  as  the  work  is  to  embrace 
every  place  in  the  United  Kiogdoro  noticed 
in  tne  last  Population  Returns,  with  such 
other  hamlets,  &o.  as  can  be  otherwise  ac- 
quired, the  whole  cannot  fail  of  proviug  a 
highly  desirable  and  valuable  collection. 

The  Rev.  G.  R.  Gray's  Christian  Patri- 
otietm  d|r*ws  an  excellent  line  of  distinction 
between  the  political  and  selfish  patriot 
(see  p*  18)  and  the  Christian  philanthropist. 

Dr.  STtVBNsoM's  Works,  (1)  upon  Colds 
and  Coughs f  and  (9)  upon  Nervous  Affec- 
tioms,  merit  the  attention  of  all  prudent 
people. 

The  Son  and  the  fFard,  by  MARiiitiiB 
Parrott,  is  an  interesting  school-book, 
wisely  celeulated  to  make  a  strong  impres- 
sion, by  e&habiting  the  aseanness  and  dis- 
grace of  selfishness. 


We  think  M.  Vintouillac's  transhtton 
into  French  of  Bishop  Watson's  Apology  for 
the  Bible  a  very  valuable  school-book. 

Mr.  D.  Guest's  Inquiry  into  the  Causes 
of  the  Decline  qf  Historical  Painting  is  an 
oration  which  makes  that  style  depend  upon 
the  mechanical  exoellenee  of  tne  Dutch 
school.  We  are  among  thoee  who  do  not  eon- 
sider  drunken  boors,  cobUers,  donkeys,  pigs, 
and  pigsties,  subjects  taken  up  in  good 
taste,  or  matters  demonstrative  of  any 
thing  beyond  execution.  Hogarth  was  de- 
ficient in  this  skill ;  but  was  he  not  an  his- 
torical painter  fisr  superior  to  Wouvermans, 
Teniers,  &c.  as  to  the  elevation  and  dignity 
of  the  art  in  the  view  of  mind  ?  because 
there  is  iutellectualitv  and  genius  in  his 
conceptions;  while  Dutch  painting  is  at 
the  best  but  well-executed  portraits.  We 
mean  no  disrespect  to  Mr.  Guest,  but  we 
solemnly  protest  against  exaltation  of  the 
vulgarity  and  bad  taste  of  the  Dutch  school 
into  the  beau-ideal  pf  the  art  of  painting. 

Mr.  HiooiNs's  Introductory  Treatise  on 
Light  and  Optical  Instruments  is  most  edi- 
fying and  satisfactory,  so  fiur  as  our  present 
knowledge  extends  upon  those  subjects. 
We  have  had  occasion  to  quote  under  our 
notice  of  Dr.  Amott's  Physics. 

Mr.  Spencer's  Plainfamiliar  Lectwres  on 
Confirmation  we  can  conscientiotuly  reeom- 
roend.  We  wuh,  however,  that  in  p.  SS 
he  had  more  precisely  distinguished  the 
temptations  of  the  devil  from  those  of  the 
world  and  the  flesh.  He  would  have  found 
in  eminent  theologians,  that  the  terapta- 
tionr  alluded  to,  precisely  and  exclusively 
considered,  are  the  abstract  vices  of  the 
mind,  such  as  infidelity,  &c. ;  the  pride  of 
the  eye  and  the  lust  of  the  flesh  are  more 
immediately  connected  with  the  paMions 
and  the  senses. 


t     60     ] 


[Jan. 


FINE    ARTS. 


Mr.  Rutter  has  published   a  Series   of 
Twenty  additional  WustraHons  to  his  Deli" 
nealions  qf  the  North-western  Division  of 
Somersetshire.    ITiey  are  dedicated  to  J.  H. 
Smyth  Pigott,  Esq.  F.S.  A.  Hif.h  Sheriff  of 
Somersetshire,  to  whom  the  original  draw- 
ings beloogt  and  to  whom  Mr.  K.  is  indebt- 
ed for  considerable  assistance  in  the  expense 
of  engraving  them.    The  drawings  are  exe- 
cuted in  a  very  masterly  manner,  chiefly  by 
Mr.  J.  C.  Buckler,  the  antiquary  and  archi- 
tect, and  many'of  which  are  views  of  fine  old 
mansions    in    Somersetshire,     subjects    to 
which  Mr.  Buckler  has  devoted  very  consi- 
derable attention.  Amongst  others  are  views 
of   Ashton-court,     Barrow«court,    Kings- 
ton   Seymour    Manor-house,    Cleve-court 
and  Toot    (an  excellent   print),   Clapton 
Manor-house,  and  Cleveden-court.     These 
are  all  mansions  in  the  Gothic  style,  and 
show  how  well  that  species  of  architecture 
b  suited  to  domestic  use.  Brockley-hall  and 
L«e-court  are   each  noble  mansions,  in  a 
more  modern  style.     The  exterior  and  inte- 
rior views  of  Yatton  Church  are  very  inter- 
esting, particularly  the  interior,  which  shows 
some  very  fine  monuments  in  the  D«  Wyck 
and  Newton  Chapels  lo  that  church.     The 
inside  view  of  the  refectory  of  Woodspring 
Priory  is  a  good  subject ;  and  the  painted 
glass  from  banwell  Church,  drawn  by  Mr. 
G.  Bennett,  a  very  curious  one.      On  the 
whole  these  twenty  Plates  form  a  most  de- 
sirable addition  to  Mr.  Butter's  well-com- 
piled volume. 


Select   Fiews  of  the  principal   Cities  qf 
Europe, 

Lieut. -Colonel  Batty,  to  whom  the  public 
are  already  much   indebted  for  various  em- 
bellishments in  European  scenery,  has  here 
published  the  first  Part  of  a  new  work  with 
still  higher  claims  to  excellence.     The  city 
selected  for   the   first   Number  is  Oporto, 
which  is  illustrated  by  five  views  and  a  vig- 
nette title,   engraved   by   Goodall,  W.  K. 
Smith,  R.  Brandard,  W.Miller,  R.Wallis, 
and  T.  Jeavons.     These  are  finished  in  the 
highest  possible  style  of  line  engraving  ;  and 
we    do  not   recollect  any  plates  since  the 
publication   of  Turner's    Southern   Coast, 
that  have  delighted  us  more.     A  splendid 
sunset  is  represented  in  the  vignette-view  of 
the   mouth  of  the  Douro.     The  view  of 
Oporto  from  Villa  Novo,  with  the  Bishop's 
Palace  and  Cathedral   on  the   crebt  (»f  the 
hill  {    and  the   view  of  the   Custom-house 
Quay,  with    the   busy  scene  iu  the  fore- 
ground, and  the  Serra  Convent  on  the  sum- 
mit of  the  opposite  hill,  are  two  most  charni- 
iog   prints.      Every  engraving  has  a   key- 
pUte,  etched  by  Lieut.-Col.  Batty,  pointing 
out  the  names  of  the  objects  depicted.    Ap- 


propriate descriptions  in  English  and  French 
accompany  the  prints.  Each  Part  will  be 
illustrative  of  one  or  two  of  the  principal 
cities  or  places  in  Europe.  Twelve  paru 
will  complete  a  volume;  but  each  part 
being  complete  in  itself,  purchasers  may 
possess  those  places  they  have  visited,  or  re- 
sjiecting  which  they  feel  most  interest. 


The  Second  Number  of  Characteristic 
Sketches  of  Animals ^  by  Mr.  Thos.  Landseer, 
will  be  found  equally  satisfactory  with  its 
predecessor.  The  Musk-buU,  the  Bengal 
Tiger,  the  Elk,  and  the  lb«uc,  are  etched 
with  equal  freedom  of  drawing  and  accuracy 
of  representation,  catching  not  only  the  ex- 
pression and  fire  of  the  animals,  but  also  the 
grace  and  freedom  of  their  motions.  The 
hair  in  the  different  subjects  is  admirably 
discriminated.  The  vignettes,  as  before, 
add  much  to  the  interest  of  the  work.  That 
attached  to  the  account  of  the  Ibex,  or 
Wild  Goat,  represents  this  hardy  and  bold 
mountaineer  attacking  a  hunter  on  the  very 
edge  of  a  pathless  precipice,  and  tbrowins 
Ifiigpself  headlong  on  the  man,  so  that  both 
roilftd  over  into  the  abyss  beneatli>  and  md- 
serably  perished. 

Hamlet,  the  goldsmith  and  jeweller,  pur- 
chased last  season,  in  the  sale  of  the  late 
Lord  Rivers's  pictures,  several  paintings, 
which  were  represented  as  the  works  of  Caoar 
letti ;  but  they  were  so  defiled  with  dirt  and 
filth,  that  their  identity  was  dmibted  bv  all 
the  dealers,  amateurs,  and  artisu,  who  baa- 
pened  to  be  present  when  they  were  sold. 
Consequently  Mr.  Hamlet  obtained  the 
whole  at  his  own  price,  or,  as  the  saying  is, 
<*for  an  old  song."  These  pictures  have 
recently  been  cleaned,  and  divested  of  all 
their  impurities,  and,  in  their  present  state, 
are  now  considered  the  most  splendid  views 

Eiinted  by  Canaletti  that  are  at  present  in 
nglaod,  with  the  exception  of  those  in  the 
possession  of  his  Majesty,  in  Windsor  Castle. 

Preparing, 
A  Copper-plate  Engravings  representing 
an  action  with  the  Spanbh  slave-brig  Almi- 
rante,  captured  by  H.  M.  brig  Black  Joke, 
(tender  to  H.  M.  S.  Sybille,  Commodore 
F.  A.  Collier,  C  B.)  commanded  by  Lieut. 
Heory  Downes,  off  Lagos  (Bight  of  Beain)» 
Feb.  1,  1899.  From  an  original  Painting 
by  W.  J.  Huggins,  Marine  Painter.  Abo, 
from  a  Painting  by  the  same  Artist,  a  Cop- 
per plate  Engravings  representing  a  Vieir 
of  H.  M.  S.  Winchester  (bearing  the  flag 
of  Edward  Griffith  Colpoys,  Esq.  Viec- 
Adroiral  of  the  White,  off  the  EddystOM,) 
in  the  act  of  taking  in  top-gallaat-Muls,  and 
main-sail,  in  a  squall. 


iKja] 


[   «i    ] 


LITERARY  AND  SCIENTIFIC  INTELLIGENCE. 


Rtmiyjor  PubUaUioH, 

The  Argumtato  lor  PredMtiiMtion  and 
NacMtity  eoatfMted  with  the  ettaUithed 
Priscfplet  of  Phikwophical  Inqairy.  By  R. 
H.  Gmvu,  D.D. 

Cahrinittic  Pradeftiaation  repognant  to 
the  general  tenor  of  Scripture.  By  the  late 
Very  Rer.  Rich.  Orates,  D.D. 

Sermoet  on  various  subiects.  By  the 
Rev.  JusiPH  Edwards,  Curate  of  Wat- 
tishani. 

Sermons  on  several  occasions.  By  the 
Rev.  H.  MooRi,  Assistant  for  some  yean 
to  the  Rev.  John  Wesley. 

The  Political  L;fe  of  the  Right  Hon.  O. 
Caaninff,  from  hb  acceptance  of  the  Seals 
of  the  Foreign  Department,  in  September, 
1899,  to  the  period  of  his  Death,  in  August, 
1897*    By  A.  O.  Staplbton,  Esq. 

An  Inouiry  bto  the  best  means  of  pre- 
venting trie  destruction  of  the  Aborigines 
usually  incident  upon  settling  new  Colonies. 
By  S.  Bannistkr,  Esq.  late  Attoruey-Ge* 
neral  of  New  South  Wales. 

Mr.  Britton's  History  and  Antiquities  of 
Bristol  Cathedral,  with  eleven  engravings. 
Alto  the  Fifih  Number  of  his  Picturesque 
Antiquities  of  the  English  Gties. 

Poor  Laws  in  Ireland  considered,  and 
their  probable  effects  upon  capital,  the  pro- 
sperity, and  the  progressive  improvement  of 
that  country.     By  Sir  John  Walsh,  Bart. 

Poetical  Beauties  of  the  16ch  and  17th 
Centuries ;  from  Surrey  to  Dryden.  By 
the  Rev.  J.  D.  Parry,  M.A.  author  of  the 
Legendary  Cabinet. 

The  Biblic^raphical  and  Retrospective 
Miscellany,  or  notices  of  rare,  curious,  and 
useful  Books  in  all  Langtuiges,  &c.    Nu.  I. 

Sir  Ethelbert,  or  the  Dissolution  of  Mo- 
nasteries, a  novel  By  the  Author  of  Santo 
Sebastiano,  &c 


Preparing  for  Publication. 

Excerpta  Historica,  or  Illustrations  of 
English  History,  to  be  published  in  quar- 
terly paru.  lu  plan  is  tu  elucidate  public 
events  domestic  and  foreign,  our  ancient 
relations  with  France,  Spain,  and  other 
nations,  the  laws  and  constitution  uf  Eng- 
land, the  state  of  the  Na«y  and  Army,  tlie 
economy  nf  the  Royal  Household,  the 
splendour,  magnificence,  and  personal  cha- 
racter of  our  Monarchs,  the  history  of  Mo- 
nastic Establishments,  the  lifcs  of  distin- 
guished men,  the  costume,  modes  of  living, 
manners  and  custopis  of  our  ancestors,  the 
moral  and  political  condition  of  society,  the 
state  of  Unguage  and  literature,  the  intro- 
duction and  progress  of  the  Aru,  Heraldry, 
Courts  of  Chivali7,  and  Genealogy,  &c. 

The  late  Rev.  J.  B.  Blakeway,  of 
Shrewsbury,  devoted  a  great  part  of  hia  life 
to  collecting  materiala  for  the  history  of  his 


native  county,  Shropshire.   He  had  also  pre- 

Eired  a  distinct  work,  which  contains  a 
istory  of  the  SherifEi  of  Shropshire  from 
the  conquest  to  his  own  times  ;  and  be  had 
so  fsr  prepared  this  volume  for  the  press, 
that  it  has  been  thought  advisable  to  pub- 
lish it,  in  folio,  with  the  arms  of  the  differ- 
ent Sheriffs. 

Conversations  upon  Comparative  Chro- 
nology and  General  History,  from  the  crea- 
tion of  the  world  to  the  birth  of  Christ. 

Raleigh,  and  his  Times,  ^y  Mrs.  A. 
T.  Thomson,  author  of  Memoirs  of  Hen. 
VHI. 

An  Examination  of  the  Monajjolies  of 
the  East  India  Coropauy.  By  the  author 
of  Free  Trade  and  Colonization  of  India. 

The  Causes  of  the  existing  Privations  and 
Distresses  amongst  certain  Classes ;  with  an 
effectual  Remedy.  By  Captain  Pettman, 
Author  of  the  Essay  on  Political  Economy. 

Negro  Emancipation  no  Philanthropy  ; 
being  a  Second  Letter  to  the  Duke  of  Wel- 
lington.    By  a  Jamaica  LAndholder. 

A  short  Analysis  of  the  Criminal  Law  of 
England.  By  a  Barrister  of  the  Middle 
Temple. 

Essays  on  Superstition  (originally  pub- 
lished in  the  Christian  Observer  during  the 
year  1829),  with  corrections  and  additions. 
By  W.  NiwNHAM,  Esq. 

Social  Duties  on  Christian  Principles. 

Tales  of  the  Five  Senses;  designed  to 
explain  and  illustrate  the  Physiological  Won- 
ders of  Man's  Existence.  By  the  Author  of 
««  The  Collegians." 

A  Treatise  on  the  Principles  of  Hydrosta- 
tics ;  together  with  a  newTlieory  of  Hydro- 
dynamics. By  Mr.  MosELY,  of  St.  John's 
College,  Cambridge. 

Tlie  Jew,  a  Novel ;  depicting  the  charac- 
ter, habits,  and  peculiarities  of  the  Jewish 
People. 

A  w cries  of  Landscape  Illustrations  of 
tho  Waterley  Novels,  to  be  published 
in  munthlv  parts.  To  be  engraved  in  the 
most  finished  numner  by  Messrs.  W.  and 
E.  Finden. 


Cambridge. 

Jan.  8.  The  subject  of  the  Hulsean  priie 
dissertation  for  the  present  year  is  **  Go  the 
Futility  of  the  Attempu  to  represent  the 
Miracles  recorded  in  Scripture  as  Effects 
produced  in  the  ordinary  course  of  Natwe." 

Jan.  14.  The  subject  of  the  Seatonian 
prize  poem  for  the  present  year  is  *<  The 
Ascent  of  Elijah." 

Tbe  subjects  of  examination  in  the  last 
week  of  the  Lent  Term,  1 88 1 ,  will  be,  I . 
The  AcU  of  the  Apostles  ;  9.  Palsy's  Evi- 
deuces  of  Christianity  i  3.  Tlie  Prometheua 
of  iEschylus;  4.  'tlie  Fiftli  Book  of  the 
Histories  of  Tacitus. 


63 


Literary  Inlelligenee, 


[Jan. 


Royal  Society. 

N<m.  80.  This  being  St.  Andrew's  daj, 
the  Society  held  its  usual  anniversary  meet- 
ing, and  elected  members  to  serve  in  the 
new  Council  for  the  ensuing  year.  The 
President,  Mr.  Davies  Gilbert,  proceeded  to 
inform  the  Society  of  the  progress  made  in 
the  sciences  during  the  last  year,  and  the 
loss  that  the  Society  and  the  world  had  ex- 
perienced in  the  death  of  three  of  its  greatest 
ornaments.  Need  we  mention  the  names 
of  Sir  Humphry  Davy,  uf  Wollaston,  and 
Young — names  which  will  be  transmitted  to 
the  latest  posterity  as  long  as  science  shall 
be  respected  by  mankind.  After  detailing 
very  eloquently  the  researches  and  discove- 
ries of  these  great  men,  the  President  in- 
formed the  Society  that  he  had  received  a 
letter  from  Lady  Davy,  requesting  its  ac- 
ceptance of  a  magnificent  portrait  of  her 
husband,  by  Sir  Thomas  Lawrencie,  as  well 
as  a  portrait  of  the  late  Dr.  Wollaston,  by 
the  same  artist,  from  the  hmWy  of  Dr.  Wol- 
laston. The  President  then  stated  that  the 
Council  had  adjudged  the  first  Royal  medal 
to  Charles  Bell,  esq.  for  his  profound  re- 
aearches  on  the  nervous  system ;  and  the  se- 
cond medal  had  been  adjudged  to  Mr.  Ma- 
jendie,  for  his  investigation  into  organic 
matter. 

Jan.  SI,  18S0.  The  Society  held  their 
periodical  meeting.  The  President,  D.  Gil- 
bert, esq.  in  the  chur.  The  attendance  was 
numerous,  probably  to  witness  the  experi- 
ments of  the  Chevalier  Aldini,  of  Bologna, 
**  for  preserving  human  life  from  fire."  The 
Chevalier  handled  red-hot  pokers  as  freely 
as  he  would  walking-sticks,  and  also  supplied 
asbestos  gloves,  by  which  those  of  the  com- 
pany who  chose  to  make  the  trial  were  en- 
abled to  do  the  same.  He  informed  the 
company  that  he  had  succeeded  in  construct- 
ing an  apparatus,  or  rather  clothing,  to  pre- 
serve persons  from  injury  who  are  exposed  to 
flames,  the  efficacy  of  which  had  been  proved 
at  Geneva,  where  he  showed  the  firemen 
that  a  finger,  enveloped  first  in  asbestos, 
then  in  a  double  case  of  wire-gauze,'inight 
be  held  in  the  flame  of  a  spirit-lamp,  or  can- 
dle, for  a  long  time  before  inconvenience  was 
felt ;  and  then  clothing  them  gradually,  ac* 
customed  them  to  the  fiercest  flames.  A 
fireman  having  his  hand  in  a  double  asbestos 
glove,  and  guarded  in  the  palm  by  a  piece  of 
asbestos  cloth,  laid  hold  of  a  large  piece  of 
red-hot  iron,  carried  it  slowly  to  the  distance 
of  1 50  feet,  then  set  straw  on  fire  by  it,  and 
immediately  brought  it  back  to  the  fomace, 
the  hand  not  being  at  all  injured  in  the  ex- 
periment. Another  experiment  related  to 
the  defence  of  the  head,  the  eyes,  and  the 
lungs.  The  fireman  put  on  only  an  asbestos 
and  wire  gauze  cap,  and  a  cuirass,  and  held 
a  shield  before  his  breast.  A  fire  of  shavings 
was  then  lighted  in  a  chafing-dish,  and  the 
fireman  plunged  his  head  into  the  middle  of 
the  flames,  with  his  hve  towards  the  foel. 


and  in  that  way  went  several  times  round 
the  chafing-dish  for  a  period  of  above  a  mi- 
nute in  duration.  The  Chevalier  stated  that 
he  had  an  application  before  his  Majesty's 
Minissen  for  a  space  of  ffround,  aad  ade- 
quate oppoitanitiesf  to  OLhibit  his  experi- 
ments. He  retired  firom  the  room  amia  the 
plaudits  of  the  company. 

Ia  our  Vol.  zcvi.  i.  p.  601 ,  oar  readers 
will  find  a  venr  carious  article  *•'  on  resisting 
the  effects  of  fire,"  which  was  written  in  oon- 
sequence  of  the  wonderfol  feats  then  exhibited 
(June  1826)  by  Moos.  Chabert,  who,  al>out 
ten  years  ago,  was  performing  the  same 
tricks  in  Pall  Mall  as  a  Rusaian,  of  which 
the  public  have  been  unaware.  The  writer  of 
the  above  article  says,  that,  about  1 764,  a  Mr. 
Powell  obtained  great  celebrity  m  a  fire- 
eater.  He  exhibited  «  not  only  before  most 
of  the  clowned  heads  in  Europe,  but  even 
before  the  Royal  Society  of  London,  and  was 
dignified  with  a  carious  and  very  ample  sil- 
ver medal,  bestowed  on  him  by  that  learned 
body,  as  a  testimony  of  their  approbation 
for  eating  what  nobody  else  oould  eat." 

Chesokie  Indians. 

In  our  Vol.  xc?iii.  ii.  p.  858,  we  stated 
that  a  newspaper  had  been  establidied  by 
the  Indiana  of  the  Cherokee  nation,  printed 
at  New  Echota,  the  capital  of  that  repoblic. 
At  that  time  we  were  entirely  in  the  Sark  as 
to  the  origin  of  the  CherokM  alphabet.  It 
is  well  known  that  volumes  liave  been 
written  on  the  origi^  of  writing,  and  the 
learned  have  been  perpetually  engaged  in 
the  dispute  whether  alpiiabetic  writing  was  of 
human  or  dhrine  origiuy  it  being  generally 
considered  that  so  wonderfol  an  invention 
was  beyond  human  ingenuity.  The  matter, 
however,  receives  considerable  light  from 
the  details  published  by  Mr.  Knapp,  in  his 
Leetures  on  American  Literature,  who  re- 
cords one  of  the  most  extraordinary  events 
which  has  occurred  since  the  original  inven- 
tion of  letters.  It  appears  that  an  Indian  of 
the  name  of  See-quah-yab  is  tlie  inventor  of 
this  Cherokee  alphabet,  and  the  inventor 
under  such  disadvantageous  circumstances 
as  render  him  one  of  the  most  extraordinary 
men  that  the  world  has  produced. 

Mr.  Knapp  has  given  to  the  public  the 
history  of  this  invention  nearly  in  the  words 
of  See-q\iah-yah,  the  inventor  himself, 
then  (in  the  year  1 898)  about  sixty-five 
years  old.  At  the  termination  of  a  campaign^ 
towards  the  close  of  the  war,  it  appears  a 
letter  was  found  on  the  person  of  a  prisoner, 
which  was  wrongly  read  by  him  to  the  In- 
dians. In  some  of  their  deliberaticms  cm 
this  subject,  the  question  arose  among 
them  whether  the  mysterious  power  of"  the 
talking  leaf"  was  the  gift  of  the  Great  Spirit 
to  the  white  man,  for  a  discovery  of  the 
white  man  himself?  Most  of  his  companions 
were  of  the  former  opinion,  while  he  as 
strenuously  maintained    the    latter.     Thb 


1H30.] 


Literatff  inteUigenct. 


63 


ffBrnieoUy  b«eniM  t  tubjaet  of  eontenplatioa 
wfto  htm  afterwards,  bat  be  never  sat  dowB 
smously  to  reflect  on  h,  until  a  swelling  in 
his  knee  confined  him  to  hb  cabin,  and  at 
length  made  him  a  cripple  for  life.     In  the 
long  night  of  his  confinement)  hb  mind  was 
again  directed  to  the  mjtterv  of  speaking  hj 
letters*  the  very  name  of  whichy  of  course, 
was  not  to  be  roand  in  hb  language.     From 
the  cries  of  wild  beasts,  firum  the  talents  of 
the  mocking-bird,  firom  the  Yoices   of  hb 
children  and  his  companions,  he  knew  that 
feelings  and  passions  were  conveyed  by  direct 
sound  from  one  intelUgent  being  to  another. 
The  thoiq^bt  struck  him  to  tnr  to  ascertain 
all  the  sounds  in  the  Cherokee  laognage. 
Hb  own  ear  was  not  remai^ably  discnmina- 
ting,  and  he  called  to  bis  aid  the  more  acute 
ears  of  his  wife  and  children.     When  he 
thought  that  be  had  dbtinguisbed  all  the 
diffirent  sounds  in  their  language,  he  at- 
tempted to  use  pictorial  signs,  images   of 
birds  and  beasts,  [to  convey  thc«e  sounds  to 
others,  or  to  mark  them  in  bb  own  mind. 
He  soon  dropped  thb  method,  as  difficult  or 
impossible,  and  tried  arbitrary  signs,   with- 
out any  regard  to  appearances,  except  such 
as  might  assist  in  recollecting  them,  and 
distingubhing  them  from  each  other.     At 
first  these  signs  were  venr  numerous ;  and 
when  he  got  so  &r  as  to  think  his  invention 
was  nearly  accomplished,  he  had  about  SOO 
characters  in  hb  alphabet.     By  the  aid  of 
his  daughter,  who  seemed  to  enter  into  the 
genius  of  his  labours,  he  reduced  them  at 
last  to  86,  the  number  he  now  uses.     He 
then  set  to  work  to  make  these  characters 
more  comely  to  the  eye,  and  succeeded — as 
yet  he  had  not  the  knowledge  of  the  pen  as 
an  instrument,  but  made  hb  characters  on  a 
piece  of  bark,  with  a  knife  or  nail.     At  thb 
time  he  sent  to  the  Indian  agent,  or  some 
trader  in  the  nation,  for  paper  and  pen.   His 
ink  was  easily  made  firora  some  of  the  bark 
of  the  forest  trees,  whose  colouriug  oroper- 
ties  he  bad  previously  known — and  after  see- 
ing the  construction  of  the  pen,  he  soon 
made  one.     His  next  difficulty  was  to  make 
hb  invention  known.     At  length  he  sum- 
moned some  of  the  moat  dbtinguished  of  bb 
nation,  in  order  to  make  his  communication 
to  them— and  after  giving  the  best  explana- 
tion of  bis  discovery  that  he  nnild,  stripping 
it  of  all  flupeniatural  influence,  he  proceeded 
to  demonstrate  to  tliem  in  good  earnest  that 
he  bad  made  a  discovery.     Hb  daughter, 
who  was  hb  only  pupil,   was  ordered  to  go 
out  of  hearing,    wnile    he    requested   his 
frbndf  to  name  a  word  or  sentiment,  which 
he  put  down,  and  then  the  was  called  in  and 
read  it  to  them ;  then  the  fother  retbed,  and 
the  daughter  wrote  ;  the  Indians  were  won* 
der-strnck,  but  not  tntonly  satisfied.     See* 
quah-yah  then  propoeed  that  the  tribe  should 
select    several   youths   firom   among  theb 
brightest  young  men,  that  he  might  commn* 
nicatcthe  mystery  to  them.    Thb  was  at 


length  agreed  to,  and  several  were  selected 
for  this  purpose.  The  tribe  watched  thn 
youths  for  several  months  %ith  anxiety,  and 
when  thej  offered  themselves  for  examinn> 
tion,  the  Melingt  of  all  were  wrought  np  to 
the  highest  pitch.  The  youths  were  sepa- 
rated from  their  master,  and  from  each  other, 
and  watched  with  great  care.  The  uninitiatad 
directed  what  master  and  pupil  should  writn 
to  each  other,  and  the  teeu  were  viewwl  la 
such  a  manner  u  not  only  to  destroy  thefar 
infidelitv,  but  most  firmly  to  fix  their  foith. 
The  Indians,  on  thb,  ordered  a  great  fimst^ 
and  made  See-quah-yah  conspicuous  at  It. 
He  became  at  once  schoolmaster,  profoasor, 
philosopher,  and  a  chief. 

He  did  not  stop  here,  bat  carried  hb  db- 
coveries  to  numbers.     He,  of  course,  Imeir 
nothing  of  Arabic  digits,  nor  the  power  of 
Roman  letters  in  the  science.    The  Chero- 
kees  had  mental  numerals  to  one  hundied* 
and  had  words  for  all  numbers  up  to  that  $ 
but  they  had  no  signs  nor  characters  to  aaebi 
them  in  enumerating,  adding,  subtracting, 
multiplying,  or  dhriding.     He  reflected  npoa 
this  until  he  had  croited  their  elementary 
principles  in  his  mind,  but  he  was  at  first 
obliged  to  make  words  to  express  his  mean* 
ing,  and  then  signs  to  explain  it.     By  thb 
process  he  soon  had  a  clear  perception  of 
numbers  up  to  a  million.  His  great  difiioalty 
was    the  threshold — to  fix  the  poirers  of 
his  signs  according  to  their  places.     When 
thb  was  overcome,  his  next  step  was  in  add- 
ing up  hb  difforent  numbers,  in  order  to  pot  * 
down  the  fraction  of  the  decimal,  and  give 
the  whole  number  to  the  next  place  {  hot 
when  Mr.  Knapp  knew  him  he  had  overcome 
all  these  difficulties,  and  was  quite  a  ready 
arithmetician  in  the  fondamental  rules. 

Thb  Ingenious  Indian  is  not  only  on 
admirable  mechanic,  hot  Mr.  Knapp  stalea 
that  he  has  also  a  great  taste  for  paint- 
ing. He  mixes  hb  colours  with  skill.  For 
hb  drawincs  he  has  no  model  but  what  na- 
ture fumisned,  and  he  often  copies  them 
with  astonbhing  fiuthfolness.  Hb  resem- 
blances of  the  human  form,  it  b  true,  are 
coarse,  but  often  spirited  and  correct ;  and 
be  gave  action  and  sometimes  grmce  to  bb 
representation  ot  animab.  He  had  never 
seen  a  camel-hair  pencil  when  he  made  ose 
of  the  hair  of  wild  animals  for  his  brusbtt. 
«  Tlie  government  of  the  United  Statea,** 
continues  Mr.  Knapp,  <*  hada  fount  of  typo 
cot  for  this  alphabet}  and  a  newspaper, 
printed  pnrtly  in  the  Cherokee  language,  aod 
partly  in  the  English,  has  been  establbbed 
at  New  Echota,  and  b  characterised  by 
decency  and  good  sense ;  and  thus  many  of 
the  Cberokees  are  able  to  read  both  lan- 

AraicAM  EzrEoiTJONs. 

Mr.  Richard  Lander,  the  attendant  and 
only  surviving  member  of  Capi.  Clapper* 
too  s  expeditioa  to  the  interior  of  Anrioa^ 


Literary  and  Scientific  InieHigence* 


fA 

ksB  sailed  in  the  merehaot  brig  Alert,  from 
Spithew),  accoropMied  by  his  brother,  for 
the  wetUrn  coMt  of  th*t   hitlierto  little- 
exi>lored   continent.     Tliese   traveller*    arc 
uttiret  of  Cornwall,  and  were  both  brought 
up    to   the    printinjT    businew    at    Tniro. 
Tbey    are     remarkably    intelligent    young 
men,    and    appear    every    way    capable   of 
accomplishing  the  object  of  their  arduoos 
nnderuking.     They  uke  with  them  a  letter 
from  the  Secretary  of  Sute,  addressed  under 
a  flying  seal  to  the  CapUin   of  the  first 
King's  ship  they  roaj  chance  to  fall  in  with 
after  leaving  the  Alert,  which  is  destined 
for  Cai-e  Coast  Castle.    The  orders  in  this 
letter  are  to  convey  the  travellers  to  fiada- 
gry,  aud  to  Introduce  them,   in  the   name 
of  our  Sovereign,  to  Adulee,  the  King  of 
that  country,  as  persons  in  whose  wel£sre 
the  British  Government  feel  the  most  parti- 
cular interest.     From  thence  we  understand 
they  will  proceed  to  Katunga,  the  capiul  of 
Yariba,  and  then  to  Boussa  (where  Mungo 
Park  was  lost,)  with  the  intention  of  tracing 
the  river  Niger  to  its  termination.     Should 
the  Niger  l>e  found  to  flow  into  the  Bight 
#»f  l^nin,  the  Messrs.  Lander  are  to  return 
by  that  route ;  but  should  it  be  found  to 
flow  to  the  eastward,  into  the  L«ke  Tscha- 
dan  Bornou,  they  are  to  return  over  the 
(ireat  Desert  to  Tripoli,  by  way  of  Fexzan. 
in  the  preface  to  his  narrative  of  Capt. 
CUppcrton's  last  expedition  to  Africa,  just 
pulilifthed,  Mr.  Richard  Lander  thus  feel- 
ingly adverts  to  the  above  expedition,  which 
iiad  l>ecn  determined  upon  by  Government 
at  the  time  of  hi*  writing  : 

<*  If  energy  and  |)crseverance  can  avail  us 
any  thing,  i  have  the  best  reasons  for  be- 
lieving that  it  will  prove  as  successful  as  my 
most  sanguine  expectations  lead  me  to  hope 
that  it  will.     At  all  events,  nothing  shall 
lie  wanting  on  our  parts  to  accomplish  the 
object  in  view.     If  we  be  so  unfortunate  as 
to  faily  I  may  say  with  confidence  aud  with- 
out vanity,  that  it  shall  not  be  attributed  to 
a  want  of  proper  spirit  and  enterprise ;  since 
we  have    made   the  fixed  determination  to 
risk  every  thing,  even  life  itself,  towards  its 
final  accomplishment.     We  shall  endeavour 
to  conform  ourselves,  as  nearly  as  possible, 
to  the  manners  and  habits  of  the  natives ; 
we  will  not  muck  their  blind  superstition, 
but  respect  it ;  we  will  not  scoff  at  their  in- 
stitutions, but  bow  to  them;  we   will   not 
condemn  their  prejudices,  but  pity  them. 
In  fine,  we  shall  do  all  in  our  power  to  ward 
off  suspicion  as  to  the  integrity  of  our  mo- 
tives, and  the  innocency  of  our  intentions  ; 
and   this  cannot  be  done   more  effectually 
than  by  mingling  with  the  people  in  their 
general  amusements  and  diversions.     Con- 
fidence in  ourselves,  and  in  them,  will  be 
our  best  panoply;  and  an  English  Testa- 
ment our  safest  fetish*    Clothed  iu  this  ar- 
mour, by  the  blessing  of  God,  we  have  not 
much  to  fear ;  but  if,  by  any  casualty  or  un- 


[Jan. 


foreseen  misfMtane,  we  parish  in  Afirica, 
and  are  seen  no  more,  even  then  our  fiiSc 
will  not  be  more  dismal  than  that  of  many 
of  our  predecetsors  in  the  same  pursuit, 
whoae  gallant  enterprismg  spirito  have  sunk 
into  darkness,  witbont  a  voiee  to  record 
their  melancholy  end." 

Whilst  the  Landers    seek    the    Niger 
firom   the  western  coast,  a  young  Indian 
officer  (Mr.  Henry  Welford)  is  aboot  to 
■ail  for  Egypt,  and' proceed  thence  to  Sen- 
naar,  the  Bakr-al-Abiad,  and  Mountains  of 
the  Moon,  from  which  point  he  will  pene- 
trate   through    the    nnexplored    countries 
westward  to  the  lake  T/ad,  returning  either 
by  way  of  the  Gold  Coast,  Timbnctoo,  or 
the   Desert.    The   Bahr-al-Abiad   is  now 
•apposed  to  be  the  real  and  most  abundant 
source  of  the  Nile,  and  some  celebrated, 
geographers  imagine  that  the  Tzad  is  the 
reservoir  from  which  this  vast  river  is  tnp- 
plied.     The  Monntains  of  the  Moon  have 
never  yet  been  visited  by  any  European ; 
and  Mr.  Henry  Welford*s  journey  promisea 
to  be  oue  of  greater  novelty  and  interest 
than  any  one  since  the  first  expeditions  of 
Mungo  Park  and  Denham.     He  goes  quite 
alone,  in  the  costume  of  a  Desert  Arab; 
and  will  travel  with  the  greater  facility  from 
his  knowledge  of  eastern  manners  and  lan- 
guages. He  is  only  twenty-one  yeara  of  age. 

South  African  Colleoe. 
This  College  was  opened,  at  the  Cape  of 
Good  Hope,  on  the  1st  of  October  last. 
The  branches  for  which  professors  and 
teachers  have  been  already  provided,  are — 
the  English,  Dntch,  French,  and  classical 
languages ;  writing,  arithmetic,  geography, 
astronomy,  mathematics,  and  mecnanics. 
The  professors  are  the  Rev.  Mr.  Judge,  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Faure,  and  the  Rev.  Mr.  Adamson. 
The  two  latter  gentlemen  have  offered  their 
services  gratuitously  for  on*  year,  to  afford 
time  for  procuring  suitable  persons  from 
Europe. 

Spots  in  the  Sun. 

There  has  lately  been  a  number  of  spots 
on  the  sun's  disc,   two  of  which  were  very 
remarkable,  and  might  be  seen  with  an  or- 
dinary telescope.     One  of  them  was  of  an 
oblong  form,  broader  at  one  end  than  the 
other,   and  iU  length  was  equal  to  three 
times  end  a  half  the  diameter  of  the  earth. 
The  other  was  nearly  of  a  rhomboidal  figure, 
and  the  disUnce  from  its  eastern  to  the 
western  edge  was  equal  to  four  timet  ai^  a 
quarter  the  earth's   diameter.      In   other 
words,  one  was  98,673  mile*  long,  and  the 
other   84,386  miles    across.     The  brown 
shade  encompassing  six   black  tpoU  mea- 
sured one-eighteenth  of  the  sun's  diameter. 
Thus,  taking  the  diameter  of  the  tun  at 
886,149   miles,  the  spot  mutt  be  49,«»0 
miles. 


1830.] 


[    66     ] 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


SOCIBTY   OP  AnTIQUARIU. 

Jan,  14.  TttooMM  Amjot,  esq.  TreMurer» 
in  the  chair. 

An  abtiract  wm  read  of  the  remaincier  of 
Mr.  Dukes'  historical  account  of  Wroxeter, 
the  ancient  UTiconium  ;  including  a  verr 
long  lut  of  tlie  various  Roman  remains  which 
are  almost  annually  found  in  the  precincts 
of  that  distinguished  tution. 

The  Kev.  Charles  J.  Bird,  F.S.A.  ex- 
hibited four  teals,  1.  of  silver,  found  at 
Wallingford,  in  shape  round,  (1  iochdiam.) 
and  conUining,  within  florid  tracery,  a  shield 
hong  on  a  tree,  bearioc  a  chevron  lietween 
three  heathcocks ;  the  legeud,  SigiUum 
Thomt  d«  Bokeby,  9.  of  brass,  round  ( 1  i  ioch. 
diam.},  containing  within  tracery  a  shield 
(encircled  by  three  dragons)  bearing  a  lion 
rampant.     The   inscription  is  s.  icabinor* 

VIBRfCARNE     DB     SBCHERI     CAPCLLA    BT    DB 

sovLisBLB.  8.  »  gold  ring,  having  a  very 
l>eautiful  antiqiie  gem  set  in  it,  representing 
a  female  head  enveloped  in  drapery,  with  a 
quibbling  motto,  tbcta  lbob,  lbcta  tbob, 
(oval,tite  7-8  by  11-16).  4.  of  braw,oval, 
9  inches  by  1^,  representing  a  standiBg 
figure  of  a  bishop,  very  rudely  exeeuted,  and 
surrounded  by  an  inscription,  partly  in 
the  Irish  character,  Sigilt  dtmAnctntit  dt 

terloati    Utgala ep,'      Mr.    Bird    also 

exhibited  a  meul  box,  of  a  loxenge  form, 
gilt,  and  studded  with  stones,  found  at  Ash 
Court,  near  Margate.  It  onent  like  a  tndF- 
box,  and  ia  tuppoaed  to  nave  been  a  re- 
liquary. 

William  Hosklngs,  efq.  presented  drawl- 
ing* of  two  sculptured  metopes,  and  other 
fragment*  of  a  Grecian  temple,  explored  by 
htm  at  Piestam;  with  some  explanatory 
remarks. 

A  model  of  an  ancient  bath,  discovered  in 
the  island  of  Lipari,  near  Sicily,  was   ex- 
hibited by  Captain  William  Henry  Smyth, 
F.S.A.  accompanied  by  an  explanatory  com- 
munication from  tlie  pen  of  tliat  gentleman. 
This  beautiful,  and,  to  all  ap|)earance,  mi- 
nutely accurate  model,  conveys  an  admirable 
idea  of  the  economy  of  an  ancient  Hypocaust. 
There  were  three  pnnci|ial  aiwrtments  \  the 
first  a  kind  of  aote-chiBml)er,  adjacent   to 
which  was  a  place  for  keeping  vases  of  oil 
aad  angoeots  for  the  bathers.    The  floors  of 
the  other  two  were  constructed  of  square 
tiles,  restfatf  on  numertios  short  pillars  of 
the  same  form ;  the  surface  of  the  whole 
being  covered    with    a  mosaic    pavement, 
compoeed  of  black  and  white  tesserm,  dis- 
uihtttcd  in  squares,  loxeages,  circles,  aad  in 
the  centre  of  the  two  floors  fi>rmiBg  fisocifol 
repeeseatations  of  sea  monsters  and  fishes. 
Ob  oae  of  the  squares  of  the  pavement,  aear 
the  eatranet  of  the  firat  sadaiory  apartaeiit» 
GniT.  Mao.  •/caMry,  ItSO. 


was  represented  a  pair  of  clogs,  which  Capt. 
Smnh    conjectures    were    worn    by     tM 
batners,  to  protect  their  ieet  from  the  in- 
tense heat  of  the  floor ;  he  states  that  clog! 
are  used  by  the  Turks  in  their  bagnios,  aC 
the  present  day,  fur  the  vei^  same  purpote. 
An  aperture  at  the  bottom  of  one  of  the  Mi 
walls  of  the  first  division  of  the  sudatorj« 
admitted  the  influx  of  a  natural  warm  streanif 
which  probably  diffused  itself  all  over  th# 
hollow  space    between  the    square    pilfarA 
under  the  tessellated  floors,  and  found  vest 
by  another  openiog  quite  at  the  end  of  th^ 
building.    Tiie  heat  of  this  stream  was  thus 
communicated  to  the  floors  above,  and  mora 
completely  to    the    whole    spartment   by 
means  of  perpendicular  ranges  of  flue  tiM 
placed  all  round  the  walls  of  the  two  inner 
rooms.     As  there  is   no  appearance  of  a 
pnrfumium  or  stove  among  the  details  of 
this  roodrl,  it  is  probable  that  the  hvpocaost 
was  entirely  indebted  for  its  warmth  to  tha 
natural  fountain,  which  Captain  Smyth  say* 
to  this  day  maintains  a  temperature  of  lid 
degrees.     The  baths  exist  in  a    secluded 
spot,  and  are  concealed  by  a  fertile  vineyara. 
The  island  of  Lipari  will  be  recollected  aa 
the  largest  of  a  cluster  of  Yolcanic  istandi 
lying    north  of   the  coast  of  Sicily.    Sir 
William  Hamilton  sutes  the  circumferenoa 
of  the  island  at  1 8  miles,  the  population  at 
160,000,  and  says  that  it  is  celebrated  for  a 
robust  race  of  excellent  sailors,  and  for  the 
choice  quality  of  iu   wines.*    The  Lipari 
Islands  were  supposed  by  the  ancients  to  be 
the  abode  of  Eulus  and  Vulcan,  and  it  ap* 
pears  that  a  tale  was  current  among  tna 
natives,  that  the  flues  of  the  hypocaust,  aa 
closely  disposed  In  contact  as  the  pipes  af  an 
organ,  were  wont  occasionally  to  emit  wild 
and  mournful  sounds.i*     Captain  Smyth    in 
his    communication    ob^rved,  that  baths 
were  the  frequent  accompaniments  of  ancient 
temples ;  and  it  ap|)ears  that  the  present  vesr 
tiges  are  situatea  in  contiguity  to  a  temple 
(we  believe)  of  Minerva.     Tliere  would  ba 
certainly   something  very  etaisical   in  tha 
fiction  alluded  to,  if  connected  with  a  fima 
dedicated  to  Eolus.     Vulcan  and  Eolus  wara 
^ery  naturally  chosen  u  the  toteUry  daitiet 
of  the  Lipari  group ;  the  first  presided  ovar 
the  internal  fires  of  the  soil,  the  last  over 
the  storms  dbturbing  the  seas  by  which  it  b 
surroun.led. 

Captain  Smyth  exhibited  at  the  sama 
Ume  a  piece  of  pumice  stone,  which  had 
been  used  in  an  ancient  bath  as  a  strigil. 

**  I,  poer,  et  strigiles  Crispini  ad   balnea 
defer."  Persic  t. 

*  Cam  pi  PhWrsei ;  or.  Observations  on 
the  Volcanoes  of  the  two  Sicilies :  by  Sir 
Wm.  Hamilton.     Naples,  1776. 

t  Information  of  Capt.  Smyth. 


9 


66 


jintiquarian  Researches. 


[Jan. 


It  is  to  be  hoped  that  this  geotlemao's 
highly  interesting  communication,  with  clear 
ow//i7ze  drawings  of  these  remainst  the  deco- 
rations of  the  tesselated  pavements,  plans 
and  sections  of  the  hypocaiist  and  its  flues, 
will  be  allowed  by  him  to  occupy  a  place  in 
the  Archaeologia  of  the  Society,  if  not 
destined  for  publication  elsewhere. 

Jan,  81.  H.  Hallam,  esq.  V.P.  in  the 
chair. 

Four  new  members  were  elected,  viz. 
Charles  John  Palmer,  esq.  of  Yarmouth; 
Henry  Hoare,  esq.  of  Fleet-street;  John 
Hulbert  Glover,  esq.  of  the  British  Mu- 
seum; and  Samuel  James  Arnold,  esq.  of 
Golden-square  and  of  Stanmore. 

Alexander  Henderson,  esq.  M.D.  F.R.S. 
communicated  some  remarks  on  two  paint- 
ings lately  d'lscovered  at  Pompeii,  drawings 
of  which  were  exhibited.  Their  subjects 
are,  1 .  Two  men  employed  in  drawing  off 
into  vases  wine  from  a  covered  waggon, 
which  is  drawn  by  two  horses  abreast;  3.  A 
drinking  party  of  four  figures,  apparently 
two  of  either  sex,  attended  by  a  boy.  These 
were  also  accompanied  by  drawings  of  two 
other  paintings  :  S.  A  naked  bacchanalian 
figure  bearing  a  child,  a  very  beautiful  work 
of  art;  and  4.  A  sort  of  conversation  piece 
in  the  yard  of  a  house,  of  good  design  and 
correct  execution,  and  little  differing  from 
similar  scenes  in  modern  Italy. 

Mr.  Amyot  communicated  a  copy  of  a 
MS.  in  the  possession  of  John  Payne  Collier, 
esq.  entitled,  **  Certain  Instructions  to  my 
Lord  Privy  Seal,"  being  a  defence  of  a  repre- 
sentation made  to  Thomas  Lord  Cromwell 
by  George  Constantine,  of  certain  verbal 
communications  which  he  had  with  Johu 
Barluw,  Dean  of  Westbury,  and  John  Ikr- 
low.  Prebendary  of  that  collegiate  church. 
In  Mr.  Amyot*s  introductory  letter  some 
interesting  particulars  were  given  of  Constan- 
tine, who  was  an  attendant  upon  the  Sir 
Heury  Norris  that  was  executed  at  the  san^e 
time  as  Queen  Anne  Boleyn,  and  who  after- 
wards became  one  of  the  most  active  of  the 
minor  instruments  of  the  Reformation.  But 
the  reading  of  the  document  itself  was  de- 
ferred till  a  future  evening. 

Several  presents  of  books  were  received, 
and  also  a  handsome  donation  by  T.  Crofton 
Croker,  esq.  F.S.A.,  of  the  original  drawings 
made  by  Murphy  for  his  magnificent  work 
on  the  royal  monastery  of  Batalba.  The 
Society  had  likewise,  for  the  first  time,  the 
satisfaction  of  seeing  the  wails  of  their 
meeting-room  adorned  by  the  valuable  his- 
torical portraits  presented  by  the  late  Mr. 
Kerrich,  together  with  the  splendid  fac- 
similes of  paintings  in  the  royal  palace  at 
Westminster,  executed  for  the  Society  by 
the  late  Mr.  Smirke ;  and  a  portrait  it  has 
long  possessed,  of  old  Humphrey  Wanley, 
the  industrious  librarian  of  the  Carls  of 
Oxford,  and  author  of  great  part  of  the  Har* 
leian  Catalogue. 


Druidical  Sacrifices  in  Banoor. 

The  North  Wales  Chronicle  observes, 
"that  in  the  city  of  Bangor  there  is  a  custom 
of  killing  pigs  in  the  street,  which  no 
doubt  had  its  origin  in  the  sacrifices  of  the 
Druids.  An  assistant  Druid  puts  a  rope 
round  the  neck  of  the  victim  by  which  ne 
leads  it  into  the  midst  of  a  circle  of  boys  and 
girls,  and  the  Chief  Druid,  who  is  dressed 
for  the  occasion  in  a  red  nightcap,  and  vest 
and  breeches,  which  repeated  coatings  of 
lard  has  made  to  shine  like  armour,  advances 
into  the  middle  of  the  circle,  and  cuts  the 
pig's  throat  with  his  knife.  Upon  feeling  him- 
self wounded  the  piff  runs  about  in  all  direc- 
tions to  the  extent  of  the  rope  by  which  he  is 
held,  sprinkling  the  spectators  with  his 
blood,  until  he  fiills  through  weakness.  He 
is  then  lifted  on  a  block,  and  his  entnula 
laid  open  for  the  inspection  of  superstitious 
worshippers,  after  which  the  carcass  u  re- 
moved by  the  priests  into  a  house  ad- 
joining. 

Queen  Elizabeth's  Grammar  School, 
southwark. 

The  materials  of  Queen  Elizabeth's 
Free  Grammar  School,  situated  in  Church 
Passage,  Tooley  Street,  in  the  parish  of  St. 
Olave,  Southwark,  were  sold  by  auction  on 
January  19th,  the  site  being  required  for  the 
approaches  to  the  new  London  Bridge. 
This  school  was  founded  at  the  cost  of  the 
inhabitants,  Queen  Elizabeth  granting  her 
letters  patent,  in  1571»  for  the  support 
thereof.  The  Governors  are  a  body  corpo- 
rate. About  300  boys  are  educated  in 
these  schools,  under  the  tuition  of  seven 
masters.  ^In  1609  the  inhabitants  erected 
the  buildings  now  destroyed,  on  the  site  of 
part  of  the  nouse  which  had- belonged  to  the 
Prior  of  Lewes.  A  good  external  south  view 
of  this  school  is  given  in  Wilkmson's 
«  Londina  Illustrata." 

Under  these  schools,  and  the  adjoining 
buildings,  was  the  crypt  of  the  ancient  man- 
sion or  inn  of  the  Priors  of  Lewes,  when  par- 
liamentary or  ecclesiastical  du^  led  tbem  to 
reside  in  the  metropolis. 

Anthony  Monday,  in  his  edition  of 
Stowe's  •<  London,"  1618,  says,  «  On 
the  south  side  of  (Tooley)  street  was  some- 
time one  great  house,  builded  of  stone,  with 
arched  gates,  which  pertained  to  the  Prior 
of  Lewes,  and  was  his  lodging  when  he  came 
to  London  :  it  is  now  a  common  hostelry  for 
travellers,  and  hath  to  sign  the  Wabot- 
tree." 

A  good  north  view  of  this  crypt  is  en- 
graved in  Wilkinson's  «Limdina  Illustrata,'* 
in  which  work  it  is  thus  described :— • 
**  There  are  two  entrauces  to  this  oratoij  or 
crypt,  ia  White  Horse  Court,  leading  nrom 
Tooley  Street  to  Southwark  House*  for- 
merly the  King's  Head  Tavero,  and  prior  to 
that,  the  siffo  of  the  Wahmt  Tree.  Ia  en- 
tering by  the  northern  entianoe,  it  is  7  feet 


18S0.] 


^iifi^iicrtaii  Rmearches. 


6  iachet  loiiir  l>y  6  fMl  wkk,  which  Iwdi  to 
A  Urp  MtnieircuUr  arcbad  VAulty  89  fctt 

3  incbet  long,  by  1 8  fMt  wide ;  oo  om  tide 
at  A  wcU,  t  iMt  6  iaebM  bj  1  £Mit»  from 
which  w»Ur  i«at  pretent  eonveyed  lo  the 
hooeet  ebove  x  towmrda  the  further  eod  ii  a 
door-wmy,  4  ieet  tf  by  3  leei  6  ioohee,  leediog 
to  Another  •enieirculu*  vaulted  arch»  31  feet 
loog  by  13  leei  10  iaehee  wide»  from  thia 
you  are  led  iato  a  paMage>  7  feet  by  6  feet* 
which  lead*  to  the  principal  apartment  of 
thi«  aotieot  building,  the  whole  length  of 
which  it  40  feet  6  inches,  by  10  feet  6  inches 
in  width ;  at  the  further  [south]  end  are  two 
windows,  8  feet  6  inches  wide  each,  and  on 
oae  [western]  side  there  are  likewise  two 
Bore  of  the  sane  dimensions,  and  a  passage 

4  feet  wide*  whieh  leads  to  another  apart- 
ment, but  is  blocked  np  with  stones  and 
bricks.  This  antient  apartment  consists  of 
four  groined  [circular]  arches,  suppoited  oo 
curious  [Norman]  columns,  4  feet  10  inches 
in  disnieter.*  From  this  you  enter  into  ano- 
ther vault  of  various  diroeusions,  but  the 
length  is  97  feet  4  inches :  part  of  this 
vault  is  arched  at  the  former,  and  part 
groined,  over  which  the  stairs  leading  to 
Queen  Elizabeth's  School  are  erected.  On 
entering  the  southern  entrance,  you  descend 
bv  a  gradual  slope  into  the  second  temi- 
eircular  apartment  alreadv  described  :  the 

{>resent  flooring  is  of  eartK  and  brick  rub- 
>ish,  which  have  accumulated  from  time  to 
time,  so  as  to  half  bury  the  pilUrs.  The 
height  of  the  roof  is  unequal,  from  the 
partial  raising  of  the  ground,  but  is  in  ge- 
neral from  8  to  9  feet.'  An  excellent  plan  of 
thb  crypt,  drawn  by  Mr.  H.  Gardner,  is  also 
given  in  Wilkinsou's  work. 

Romaic  Coins,  &c. 

A  remarkable  discovery  of  antiquities  was 
Isuly  made  by  a  workman  in  the  quarry  at 
Portan,  Canton  of  Oyonax,  department  de 
TAim.  Having  inserted  his  lever  in  a  fissure 
of  the  rock  to  detach  a  portion  of  it,  he 
was  surprised  to  behold,  on  tlie  felling  of  the 
block,  a  recess  which,  on  examination,  was 
found  to  contain  nu  less  tlian  twelve  hundred 
medab  in  gold  and  bronze,  bearing  the  efli- 
gies  of  Maximian  and  Constantius  Chlorus 
(father  of  the  great  Constantine),  who 
reigned  together  at  the  commencement  of 
the  fourth  century.  These  coins  and  niedals 
were  probably  deposited,  in  times  of  danger, 
in  the  plaot  where  they  have  lain  buried 
dnrii^  fifteen  centuries.  The  greater  num- 
ber represent  oo  the  reverse  side  tlie  genius 
of  the  Roman  people  sacrificing  on  an  altar. 


*  These  edaoinsare  deseribed  in  lot  137 
of  the  Sale  Catalogue,  as  <•  Eight  Gothic 
capitals,  columns,  and  bases,  supporting  the 
irroiiied  arches  of  the  aotitot  oratory  o?  the 
Priors  of  Lewes." 


«r 


and  a  personlfieatioo  of  wealth  holding  a  ba- 
laaoa  and  a  eonMOopia.  Others  have  For- 
tune, holding  a  rudder  in  her  right  hand 
and  a  comoeopia  in  her  left.  On  the  ob- 
verse tides  the  inscriptions  moat  common 
are  :— 

Constantius  Chtoroi 

Furtunse  rednci  Cssss.  n*  b. 

or  <*  To  the  happy  return  of  our  Cmmrs." 

Maximian  Heraclins 

Salvis  Augg.  et  Ciess.  auotaKart. 

or,  ''Prosperity  to  our  Emperors  andCtesan^ 

from  the  acquisition  of  Carthage.*' 
The  medals  bearing  this  latter  inscriptioo 
represent  on  the  other  side  Ceres  standing 
and  holding  corn  in  each  liand,  in  allusioB 
to  the  rich  harveste  of  Africa.  Some  few  of 
the  coins  bear  the  effigy  of  Diocletian. 

A  communication  from  the  Carlisle  Ms* 
scum  gives  an  account  of  the  discovery  of 
several  coins,  urns,  and  other  veitigia  of 
what  appears  to  have  been  a  Roman  ceme- 
tery of  tome  extent.  These  interesting  iv 
mains  have  been  laid  open  in  the  course  of 
the  excavations  now  in  progress,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  removing  the  London  road,  at  a 
place  called  Gallows  Hill,  about  half  a  mil* 
from  the  town  of  Carlisle.  A  small  nm, 
conteiniug  sundry  coins  in  fine  presenratioa^ 
it  also  mentioued.  Among  them  are  some 
of  Faustina,  very  beautiful.  The  writer 
adds  :  '*  The  bottom  of  the  urn,  in  which 
were  the  silver  coins,  bears  testimony  to  a 
very  remsrkable  chemical  operation  of  na- 
ture. It  exhibito  a  fine  green  glaze  deposit* 
evidently  the  precipitation  of  the  alloy  of 
the  silver,  and  in  consequence  the  silver  ap- 
pears fresh  and  free  from  alloy,  the  coins 
Having  on  their  sur&ce  but  little  appearance 
of  metallic  oxide.  This  fine,  silent,  and 
secret  operation  of  nature  has  never  hitherto 
been  eitner  discovered,  or  made  a  subject  6l 
speculation.  No  doubt  it  merits  the  besi 
attention  of  the  chemist,  the  naturalist,  aad 
the  antiquary." 

Christ  Church,  York. 


Some  curious  relics  have  been  dtscoverad 
in  the  foundation  of  this  church  in  the 
course  of  the  improvement  n>aking  in  St 
Andrew-gate  comer  ;  viz.  two  coffins  of  lime- 
stone, one  of  them  formed  to  the  shape  of 
the  bead  and  shoulders  of  the  corpse,  and 
both  made  with  a  hole  in  the  bottom,  through 
which  moisture  might  escape ;  two  ancient 
tomb  stones,  with  obliterated  inscriptiuoSf 
and  on  one  the  figures  of  a  male  and  femalo 
in  the  attitude  of  prayer;  and  also  a  scraare 
stone,  hollowed  into  the  fitrm  of  a  largo 
mortar,  or  vessel  for  the  purpose  of  lieatiup 
or  crashing.  An  inspection  of  Christ  Choieh 
also  gives  reason  to  suppose  that  thb  is  not 
the  first  time  it  has  been  reduced  In  size. 
The  two  arches,  which  appear  on  the  ex- 
terior, feeing  the  Old  Haymarket,  betokmi 
its  extensioB  in  that  direction. 


£    68    ] 


[Jan. 


SELECT    POETRY. 


TRIBUTARY  LINES 

TO  THE   MEMORY  OP  THE   LATE 

SIR  THOMAS  LAWRENCE,  P.R.A. 

Bij  John  Taylor,  Esq, 

jr  AWRENCE  I  knew  io  his  bright  youth- 
ful days, 
And  then  admir*d  his  noble  thirst  for  praise; 
Saw  him,  with  unafFected  ardour,  feel 
The  force  of  filial  and  fraternal  zeal ; 
I  knew  his  brothers,  and  his  aged  sbe. 
Who  all  retum'd  his  love  with  kindred  fire ; 
With  Jot  I  saw  old  Time  assist  his  aim, 
Mature  his  talents,  and  promote  his  hvae } 
And  oft  my  humble  Muse,  with  eager  pride, 
To  pay  due  homage  to  his  merit  tried. 
While  he  as  oft,  with  all  the  gen'rous  praise 
Of  partial  friendship,  has  receiv*d  my  lays. 
Ah  1  as  he  now  has  felt  the  mortal  doom, 
What  Worth,  what  Oeniusi  iiuks  beneath 
the  tomb ! 

'  When  Death  had  struck  the  Macedonian 
chief. 
And  Hope  withheld  all  promise  of  relief, 
His  Council  stood  around,  a  noble  band. 
And  ask'd  who  next  should  hold  supreme 

command  ? 
"Let  him  who  is  most  worthy,"  he  replied, 
And,  with  these  parting  words,  the  hero  died. 
Since  Lawrence,  then,  by  Death's  relent- 
less haste. 
Has  left  the  realms  of  Genius  and  of  Taste, 
May  Graphic  Chiefs  the  great  example  own. 
And  <*him  most  worthy"  fill  the  vacant 
throne. 


SONNETS  ON  THE  SEASONS. 

1.  SPRING. 

CEASON  of  promise  \  ever  smiling  bright, 

£'en  through  the  gentle  rain,  thy  fruitful 

tears,  [fears ! 

Blest  Hope  is  thine,  unclouded  o'er  by 

For  we  regard  thy  sweet  and  sudden  showers 

But  as  the  harbinger  of  sweeter  flowers. 

With  which  Uiy  rol)e  all  richly  shall  be  dight. 

And  which  shall  be  the  pride  of  summer 

bowers. 
When  ardent  Phoebus  may  too  brightly  shine! 
Sweet  Spring !  the  happy  task  is  ever  tliioe 
To  call  the  flowers  from  out  their  winter 
sleep. 
And  waken  them  again  to  life  and  light ! 
With  thee  the  hours  run  swift  their  silent 
flight, 
And  whether  thou  dust  blandly  smile  or  weep. 
We  know  thee  so  benign,  that  we  some  good 
must  reap ! 

2.  SUMMER. 
A  LL  hail !  the  lusty  manhood  of  the  year, 
When   Nature  seems    rejoicing    iu  her 
prime,  [clime. 

When  ri{>eniiig  harvcsU  gild  our  fruitf* 


And  the  Son  saili  more  gladly  through  hb 
sphere.  [time 

How  sweet  and  soothing  is  that  breathlete 
Of  Summer,  when  eve's  softest  breexet 
blowing 
Bring  to  the  ear  the  far  off  village  ehhira 
(To  the  lone  seaman's  memory  most  dear), 
A  tranquil  sense  of  happinMs  bestowing  s 
And  then  how  sweet  the  murmur  of  the 
brook, 
0*cr  golden  pebbly  sands  inceesaat  flowing  I 
Now  is  each  tree  clad  in  his  gayest  gear, 
Each  flower  most  fragrant,  green  eaeh 
meadow's  look,  [Nature's  book  t 

And  brightly  radiant  seems  each  page  of 

a.  AUTUMN. 
XrOW  are  the  year's  wild  youthful  pnlsaa 
•^^     still, 

And  Age's  cooler  blood  in  all  its  veins  ; 
The  full  ripe  grain  crowns  every  rising  hill. 
Well  pleas'd  the  husbandfnan  beholds  the 
gains  [paint. 

Of  wise  forethought,  and  long-untiring 
Blythe  Harvest  yields  his  joyful  tribute  noir, 
£eeh  well-cropp'd  field  does  its  dark  rus- 
set suit,  [bough, 
Pomona's  sifb  are  tpm  from  branch  and 
For  Earth  in  Autumn  yields  her  choicest 

firuit. 

Nor  yet  are  all  the  little  songsters  mute 

That  gUd  our  fields,  bu(  o'er  the  Western 

main  [way  i 

The  swallow  wends  his  long  and  unknown 

The  yellow  leaves  fiUl  from  their  parent 

spray,  [wene  I 

And  every  thing  proclaims  the  year  upon  the 

4.   WINTER. 
TII^INTER !  I  love  thee  !  full  of  liroat  and 
snow 
As  e'er  thou  art,  yet  still  of  kindW  feeling. 
That  sheds  into  the  heart  its  warmnest  glow 
More  redolent :  whene'er  I  think  on  thee 
I  think  upon  the  clear  and  calm  fireside 
Where  Mirth  doth  ever  sit,  and  Okee  bright 
eyed !  [pealing. 

While  still  without  thy  wildest  blasts  are 
And  icy  frost  o'er  lake  and  river  stealing ! 
All  earth  is  voiceless  now  :  each  late  green 
tree. 
Bare  of  all  leaves,  presents  a'plteous  sight ! 
Yet  do  I  yield  not  up  to  dread  or  gloom. 
For  well  I  know,  sure  as  day  follows  night. 
Nature  shall  burst  her  temporary  tomb. 
And  Spring  shall  come  again,  with  all 
his  buds  and  bloom  !       J.  Wioitiad. 


ORIGINAL  FABLES. 

By  Eliza  Bilfoub. 

THE  GNAT  AND  THE  SPIDER. 

A  S  a  bold  liule  Gnat  once  extended  kis 
^       flight, 
Some  distant  fine  prosi>ects  to  view. 


189a] 


StUoi  PoHry. 


69 


Bejoud  whal  in  prodene*  his  paraoU  thooght 
right. 
No  woiukr  thai  ill  thould  tptut. 

With  tome  fmndi  who  ahode  io  m  •yeunort 
vrtf 
At  he  wmader'd,  incautiooa  and  gay. 
Ha  ooBoeiT'd,  while  abroad,  he  might  diiia» 
or  taka  taa^ 
Or  at  leaat  laava  hia  card,  by  the  way. 

Rctumiqg  lata  homeward,  a  maoaioo  beaidf^ 
That  roM  near  the  skirts  of  a  wood, 

A  swift,  hungry  Swallow,  his  beak  op'ning 
wide. 
Our  little  pright  insect  pursued. 

Many  windings  he  made,  like  a  poor  pant- 
ing hare, 
From  «Matruetion  his  life  to  secure. 
When  a  Spider  oallM  out,  from  his  well- 
woven  snare, 
**  Hither  haste,  my  asylum  is  sore !  " 

Anxious  death  to  avoid,  by  a  refuge  so  near, 
The  Onat  straight  the  offer  embraced ; 

But  aligbtine  he  found,  as  he  shudder*d 
with  fear, 
His  body  with  trammels  enlaced. 

At  this  the  poor  Gnat  'gan  to  weep  and 

lament ;  [peace ! " 

Whn   the  Spider  evcUim'd,  "Prithee 

'*  Frqn  the  Swallow  preaenr'd,  in  my  web 

be  eontent. 

Or  existence  shall  instantly  cease.' 

This  saying,  he  gave  him  a  desperate  blow ; 

The  Gnat  fell,  and,  foreseeing  hb  end, 
"  Far  better,*'  he  cried,  "  is  a  brave,  open 
Ibe, 

Than  a  wily  and  treacherous  friend  \ 


»f 


f* 


THE  RIVER  AND  THE  STREAMLET. 

A  River,  u  the  Tagus  wide. 
Silent,  majestic  in  its  course,— 

Flowiog  in  all  the  pomp  of  pride 
Profound — resistless  in  its  force  — 

Reproach'd,  with  no  mellifluous  tongue, 
A  gentle  Streamlet,  murm'ring  near. 

Wont,  flowery  vales  and  woods  among. 
The  peasant's  herd  and  flocks  to  cheer ; 

And  though  with  sedge  and  alders  crown'd, 

Tmnaparent  as  the  solar  ray, 
While  Naiads  frUk  and  Dryads  bound,— 

Thoa  spoke,  hia  triumph  to  display  : 

<«  BehoM,  while  you  obscurely  pour. 
On  mv  full  breast  what  vessels  crowd. 

While  Omimerce  to  the  distant  shore 
Proclaims  my  consequence  aloud  I 

«  To  swell  a  Nation's  dread  commend, 

Riches  and  grandeur  I  unfold ; 
For,  plentv  spreading  o'e i  the  land. 

My  sands  aie  sprcnt  with  glitt'ring  gold ! " 

"True,"  said  the  Stieemlet;  *<  yon  were 


To  speed  your  way  in  power  and  state 


But,  though  my  humble  waves  you  scorn. 
By  streams  like   mine  you   re  rcnder'd 
grfM* 

**  And,  though  of  rank  and  treasure  vain. 
Much  as  your  might  and  depth  you  boast. 

You  but  increase  the  boundless  main. 
And  in  immensity  are  lost." 

Thus  down  the  stream  of  human  life 
The  rich,  the  abject,  and  opprest. 

Float  amid  rocks  ot  woe  and  strife. 
And  in  one  common  haven  rest ! 

Highgate,  Jan,  1 829. 


LINES 

fVritUn  in  the  TmueUer's  AUmnit  at  the 
Grande  Chartreuu,  near  Grenoble.  By 
Moos.  Ducis. 

Imitatioit. 

JJOW  c^m!  how  des<krt!  m  this  peeoe 
profound,  [sound  t 

No  more  I  hei^  the  world's  tempestuous 
The  world  has  disappeared  ;  time  seems  for 
Immerged  in  terrible  eternity  !  [me 

The  presence  of  a  God  e'en  now  I  feel. 
Who  deigns  in  mercy  my  alarm  to  heal : 
A  pitying  father,  He  from  every  woe    [law : 
Would  snield  his  children,  pilgrims  here  be- 
Why  mar  the  works  of  his  all-powerful 
hand,  [land  ? 

Who  fbrm'd  us  to  inherit  Canaan's  promis'd 
He  wills  repentance,  yet  allows  the  charm 
Of  hope,  the  Christian's  fiuthful  heart  to 
warm. 

Oh  thou !  *  who  midst  these  mountaina* 
wintry  gloom,  [a  tomb> 

Came — sought  the  hoar-frost — deserts — and 
Thy  wondrous  charity,  ascendinc  high. 
Seems  to  admit  thee  Inmate  of  toe  sky  ! 
I  love  to  trace  thee  in  this  sacred  place. 
Where,  cradled  in  the  clouds,  thy  holy  race 
To  God  hymn  praises ;  as  the  strains  ascend. 
They  with  the  heavenly  choir  of  angels  blend. 

Sick,  tired  of  worldly  joys,  ere  scarcely 

tried. 
The  pensive  traveller  here  has  often  sigh'd. 
These  rocks — these  firs,  to  solemn  thought 

give  birth  j  [earth ; 

This  torrent  speaks,  and  bids  me  scorn  the 
The  earth,  where  happiness  a  stranger  stnys. 
And  where  some  worm  in  secret  ever  preys. 
Where'er  I  turn  some  form  of  grief  appean ; 
Love  has  iu  smiles,  but  oft'ner  still  its  tears  ! 
Of  slighted  friendship  bitter  is  the  pain  ! 
Life's  pleasures  weary^abours  are  in  vain. 
Ye,  who  for  God  have  bade  the  world  fiurc- 

well !  [shore  — > 

Happy  are  tliey  who  seek  your  peaceful 
SUll  happier  fate  in  these  retreats  to  dwell. 
And  tempt  the   earth's  delusive  joys  no 

more. 

*  St.  Bruno,  the  founder. 


C    70    ] 


[Jan. 


HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 


FOREIGN    NEWS. 


FRANCE. 

A  decision,  proDounced  by  the  Ruyal 
Court  of  Paris,  has  given  great  satisfaction 
to  the  frieuds  of  the  freedom  of  the  press. 
It  was  in  the  case  of  an  appeal  by  M.  Bar- 
theleniy,  the  author  of  a  poem  entitled  **  La 
Filsd*  Homme,"  and  M.  David,  the  printer, 
M^inst  the  judgment  of  the  Correctional 
Tribunal,  which'  sentenced  the  former  to  be 
imprisoned  three  months,  and  to  pay  a  fine 
of  1 ,000  francs,  and  the  latter  to  pay  a  fine 
of  25  francs.  The  Court  confirmed  the  sen- 
tence of  the  Correctional  Tribunal  as  to  M. 
Bartheleroy,  and  pronounced  for  the  free 
discharge  of  M.  David,  on  the  ground  that 
he  did  not  act,  in  printing  the  poem,  with 
any  bad  intention.  The  principle  laid  down 
by  the  Court,  that  the  mere  act  of  agency 
in  printing  an  objectionable  work,  does  not 
prore  the  existence  of  a  criminal  intention, 
is  hailed  by  the  Liberal  party  as  a  rule  by 
which  future  decisions  will  be  guided,  and 
not  arising  out  of  the  peculiar  circumstances 
of  this  case. 

ITALY. 

The  King  of  Naples  has  been  excommu- 
nicated by  the  Holy  See.  De  Medici,  the 
Finance  Minister,  left  that  ciu  a  short  time 
since  to  join  the  King  at  Madrid,  and  on 
bis  way  was  obliged  to  pass  through  Rome. 
Hardly  was  he  arrived  there,  when  a  demand 
was  made  on  him,  as  the  representative  of 
his  master,  of  a  tribute,  which  has  been  due 
a  long  time  to  the  Pope.  Medici  demurred ; 
but  Albani  was  not  to  be  denied,  and  a  rup- 
ture was  the  consequence.  It  is  understood 
that  the  utmost  extremities  will  be  resorted 
to  unless  the  sum  demanded  be  paid. 

SWEDEN. 

Ghreat  honours  have  lately  been  done  to 
Ochlraschlaeger,  the  celebrated  Danish  poet, 
in  Sweden.  He  was  received  at  Lund  as  if 
he  had  been  a  conqueror.  He  was  addressed 
by  the  students,  honoured  by  the  King,  and 
crowned  with  laurel  by  Tegner,  the  author 
of  **FrithiofF,"  and  the  prince  of  the  living 
Tioets  of  Sweden.  The  Danes  and  Swedes 
have  long  lieen  accustomed  to  regard  one 
another  with  jealousy  and  hatred ;  but,  on 
this  occasion*  the'  nations  seemed  to  blend 
like  brothers  in  common  affection. 

GREECE. 

The  following  is  a  statement  of  the  reve- 
nues and  expenses  of  the  state  of  Greece, 
from  January  1 828  to  May  1 829  : 


Revenues.  Francs. 

Revenues  of  Sute      ....  3,415,989 

Capital  of  National  Bank      .     .  618,064 

Seizures  not  liquidable     .     .     .  98,86ff 

Debts  due  to  State      ....  1 86,880 

Capital  advanced  by  President    .  682,630 

French  subsidies 8,302,000 

Russian  subsidies 1,758,200 

10,346,658 
Expenditure. 

Army  and  Navy 7,458,886 

Establishmenta  for  public  service  273,734 
Salaries  of  Department  .  .  ,  751,947 
Interest  naid  by  National  Bank  15,512 

Orphan  Asylum 366,603 

I*oor 142,753 

Advances  made  to  state  creditors  1 12,708 
Arrears  of  farmers  of  state  .     .       274,879 

Lord  Cochrane 63,804 

Austrian  Admiral  Dandolo  .  .  46,832 
Ready  money  in  Treasury  .  .  714,808 
Paymenta  which  lutve  yet  to  be  made  136,800 

10,258,36& 

RUSSIA  AND  TURKEY. 

The  Russian  General  Kisselef  hat  issued 
an  address  to  the  Divan  of  Wallachia,  upon 
his  taking  the  office  of  President  of  the 
Turkish  rrincipalities  on  the  Danube,  in 
which  he  promises  an  honest  administration 
of  the  public  affairs  entrusted  to  him,  tod 
an  indulgent  and  kind  treatment,  in  order 
to  alleviate  the  miseries  iofiiicted  on  the  pro- 
vinces by  the  war.  It  declares  that  the  In- 
tention of  the  Emperor  Nicholas,  at  its 
commencement,  was  to  render  the  occupa- 
tion of  the  Principalities  as  little  oppressive 
to  their  inhabitanta  as  possible;  but  that 
the  functionaries  employed  in  that  quarter 
had  been  guilty  of  great  extortions.  The 
system  of  forced  gin  had  been  resorted  to, 
and  the  presence  of  a  large  body  of  strangers, 
instead  of  being  a  blessing,  by  supplying  a 
market  fur  the  productions  of  the  provincety 
had  been  a  curse.  All  tliese  evils,  he  assures 
the  Turkish  authorities,  shall  be  amended. 

An  earthquake  was  felt  in  the  night  of 
the  35th  of  November,  in  Odessa,  Jassj, 
Czemowitz,  Hermanstadt,  Kronstadt,  and 
many  other  places  in  Transylvania  and  the 
Buckowina.  It  did  considerable  mischief  at 
Bucharest,  where  115  houses,  among  which 
is  that  of  the  English  Consul,  have  been 
rendered  untenable  by  ita  effecta.  Fifteen 
churches  are  so  much  injured  that  they  o^h 
not  be  used.    Tlie  town  of  Kiupria,  on  the 


i6sa] 

nwd  to  KroiMCadt,  hu  vatknd,  in  propor> 
tioB,  mora  than  fiuohvMl. 

A  frightfol  ttcckknt  occurrtd  on  tht  19th 
at  Ismail,  in  tha  explosion  of  a  ship,  ladaa 
with  powdar  and  other  ammunition,  by 
which  two  magazinet  were  totally  destroyed, 
and  the  roo£i  of  aboot  60  houses  blown  off. 
In  400  more  not  a  pane  of  class  was  left. 
Four  vessels  that  lay  near  toe  ship  which 
had  blown  up  were  destroyed  in  an  instant, 
and  several  others  which  lay  at  a  greater 
distance  sustained  more  or  less  daoMge. 
Fragments  of  timber  and  iron,  and  large 
blocks  of  ice,  were  hoisted  through  the  air, 
and,  fiJIiog  on  the  rools  of  houses,  com- 
pleted the  scene  of  terror  and  destruction. 
It  b  ascertained  that  forty- two  persons  were 
wounded,  and  sia  killed. 

On  the  97th  of  November,  by  the  cart- 
leesness  of  an  artilleryman,  an  explosion 
look  place  in  the  grsat  oowder- magazine  at 
Shumla,  which  not  only  oestroyed  the  whole 
of  the  stone  building.  In  which  there  were 
68,000  cartridges  and  9000  barrels  of  gun- 
powder, but  forty  field-pieces,  that  were 
ready  to  be  sent  to  Adriaoople,  were  for  the 
most  part  melted,  and  forty-eight  artillery- 
men killed.  In  the  saoM  building  there  was 
n  magasioe  of  provisions,  containing,  it  is 
said,  10,000  sacks  of  com,  and  a  great 
ooantity  of  provisions,  which  were  destroyed. 
The  fire  in  this  magazine  continued  the 
whole  day,  and  as  the  bombs,  grenades,  &e. 
weie  flying  about  in  all  directions,  nobody 
attempted  to  extiogubh  it. 

EGYPT. 

The  Padia  of  Egypt  steadily  proceeds  in 
the  work  uf  political  reforasatton.  The  pro- 
vinces have  been  divided  into  departments, 
•rroodtssements,  and  sub-arrondisements.  A 
centnl  assembly,  or  general  divan,  composed 
of  deputies  firom  all  the  provinces,  to  the 
number  of  more  than  two  nundred  members, 
U  to  meet  in  the  capital.  Swme  thirtv  offi- 
cers, civil  and  military,  attsched  to  the  ac- 
tual administration,  are  to  form  part  of  thb 
divan.  The  viceroy  will  submit  to  the  f»>n- 
aideratioa  of  the  general  assembly  all  puUic 
questions,  of  what  nature  soever  they  may 
be.  The  sending  of  young  men  to  France, 
in  order  that  they  may  he  instructed  in  the 
different  sciences,  in  Jurbprudeoce,  and  in 
tbenseftU  arts,  has  not  been  discontinued. 
Six  Egyptians  have  been  seat  to  Toulon  to 
learn  uie  art  of  buildmg  ships  of  war.  The 
oongar  brother  of  Noureddin  Bey,  a  ma- 
or-geneial  in  the  service  of  the  Pacha,  and 
'§omM  new  popib,  who  are  to  npply  themsdvea 
to  tha  studv  of  mechanica  and  various  ma- 
Btt&etttrea,  have  been  sent  to  Paris.  Re- 
nently  thirty*  four  scholars,  from  the  ace  of 
eight  to  fiftseo,  have  arrived  at  MarseiUea ; 
they  are  destined  for  the  study  of  hydraulics, 
that  of  naval  architeetore,  and  fifteen  othar 
braaebai  of  irheniim.  Thirty  other  pn- 
fUa m !•  firilovlbMi.    lafia*,  ll6otkir 


NewM. 


71 


I 


tndividnab,  lor  tiallar  pliiposea,  are  to  arrive 
in  Fruice,  independently  of  those  young 
Egyptians  who  are  to  proeeaite  their  studies 
in  England.  To  finish  the  picture  of  these 
innovations  which  are  casting  their  light 
over  Egypt,  we  most  not  omit  to  add,  that 
there  is  now  printed  in  that  country  a  peri- 
odical publication.  The  title  of  the  journal 
b  «  News  of  Egypt."  and  it  b  inscribed  on 
a  pyramid,  from  oehind  which  the  rbing 
sun  hastens  to  shed  its  rays. 

Some  time  ago,  says  a  Parb  paper.  Cap- 
tain Beaulbu,  a  French  officer  in  the  service 
of  the  Pacha  of  Egypt,  sent  off,  for  one  of 
hb  friends  in  France,  a  collectioo  of  anti* 
qoities  and  curiosities,  among  which  w«ra 
some  crocodiles'  eggs.  During  the  passage, 
or  the  quarantine,  these  eggs  hatched,  and, 
when  the  case  opened  at  ttM  custom-house, 
three  small  crocodiles  ran  out.  On  the  way 
they  had  devoured  several  rolls  of  papyrus, 
and  the  bandagea  and  mummy  oi  an  ibu,  of 
which  nothing  remained  but  the  claws  and 
some  of  the  feathers. 

EAST  INDIES. 

Lord  Wiiriam  Beotinck,  the  Governor 
General  of  Indb,  has  iuued  a  proclama- 
tion at  Benare*,  abolishing  the  inhuman 
practice  of  burning  Hindoo  widows,  whidi 
has  so  long  prevailed  in  India.  It  was  fo- 
vourably  received  by  the  Brahmins,  the  only 
class  who  were  thought  likely  to  make  any 
opposition  to  it.  Benares,  the  Holy  City, 
as  it  is  called,  and  one  of  the  most  ancient 
seats  of  Hindoo  superstition,  b  one  of  the 
Sersmpore  sutioos  :  and  Mr.  Smith,  the 
missionary  there,  on  the  13th  of  February, 
writes  as  follows  :  **  Went  out  by  the  river 
side,  and  conversed  with  a  number  of  Brah- 
mins on  religious  subjects,  and  also  brou|^t 
in  the  order  respecting  the  prohibition  of 
suttees,  on  hearing  wnich  a  Brahmin  as* 
claimed,  <Whst!  has  government  now  arisen 
from  sleep  ?  So  many  years  has  this  crnel 
practice  been  carried  on,  and  has  compas- 
sion at  last  entered  into  their  breasts  ?  lliey 
ought  to  have  prevented  this  practice  many 
years  ago.* " 

The  military  letters  from  India  represent 
the  army  to  be  in  a  complete  state  of  insub- 
ordination on  account  of  the  proposed  re- 
duction in  the  allowances ',  but  a  little  ex- 
aggeration U  supposed  to  be  resorted  to  in 
these  accounts  sent  over  by  military  man, 
with  the  view  of  intimidating  the  Company 
from  carrybg  their  projects  mto  el^t. 

BRITISH  AMERICA. 

lu  Nova  Sootia,  under  the  patronage  of 
Lord  DaJhousie,  a  college,  upon  a  iaiga 
scale,  has  been  establbh^.  By  a  beqnest 
of  a  Mr.  M*Gill,  the  means  for  establbtiing 
a  third  college,  of  princely  msgnificenoe,  ta 
Montreal,  have  been  provided.  And  for 
Upper  Canada  a  truly  rc^  endowment  haa 
bMHB  proeiuad  fro«i  tha  Crown  bj  Afchdn^ 


72 


Foreign  Neuj9,'^DomeitiQ  Occurrences. 


[Jtu. 


con  Stitchan,  of  Yovk,  tu  thtt  proTinoe,  ibr 
a  unifenitj,  upon  a  tcde  worthy  of  the  an- 
cient founders  of  the  colleges  of  Oxford  and 
Cambridge.  The  expense  for  the  building 
of  this  college  it  not  estimated  at  much  less 
than  that  of  King's  college,  London. 

Since  September  1834,  a  Roman  CktholSc 
church  has  been  erected  in  Montreal,  which, 
for  magnitude,  has  not  a  parallel  in  all  the 
ecclesiastical  stnlctures  raised  in  Christen- 
dom since  the  denunciation  of  the  Jesuits. 
It  is  calculated  to  contain  10,000  persons  ; 
is  adorned  with  six  lofty  towen,  three  on 
each  side ;  and  the  two  on  the  West  front 
will,  when  6nished,  be  nearly  as  high  as 
those  of  Westminster  abbey.  The  Eastern 
window  at  the  high  altar  is  64  feet  in  height. 
In  point  of  ornament,  and  curious  carving, 
racn  as  adorn  the  cathedrals  of  the  old 
countries,  it  is  certainly  inferior ;  but  in 
distant  eflFiect,  from  its  situation  and  its 
towers,  it  is  equal  to  any  of  them. 


WEST  INDIES. 


From  an  authentic  rettlni  of  the  SlaVA 
population  of  the  Colony  of  Demerara  and 
EsseqUibo,  made  on  the  Slat  of  MfcT,  1899, 
it  appears  that,  up  to  that  period,  tbe  num- 
ber of  Slaves  of  both  sexet  amounted  to 
60,368,  the  females  exceeding  the  midei 
by  about  one-fifth.  The  mortality  in  th6 
Colony  during  the  three  last  yean,  up  t6 
the  date  above- me  ntioned,  was  id  the  pro- 
portion of  one  in  twelve. 

In  the  course  of  tbe  last  twelve  years,  tb6 
most  considerable  importations  of  slaves  in- 
to Demerara  and  Essequibo  ftom  6ther  Co- 
lonies took  place  between  1817  And  1890. 
They  have  since  greatly  decreased.  Of  thm 
whole  amount  ot  Slaves  above  specified,  Ik 
appears  that  96,691  are  Africans,  aiMl 
42,677  Creoles.  It  Is  remarkable  thtt  the 
number  of  deaths  among  the  Slaves  during 
the  last  twelve  years  has  exceeded  ihk%  of 
births  by  about  an  average  of  1 800. 


DOMESTIC    OCCURRENCES. 


INTELUGENCE  FROM  VARIOUS 
PARTS  OF  THE  COUNTRY. 

Jan.  1 5.  A  meeting  of  the  freeholders  of 
Devonshire,  relative  to  the  Tithe  Laws,  took 
place  iu  tlie  Castle-yard,  Exeter ,  having 
been  convened  by  the  Sheriff  on  a  requisi- 
tion signed  by  upwards  of  eleven  hundred 
payers  and  receivers  of  tithes.  The  Hon. 
Newton  Fellowes  proposed  the  petition.  It 
was  seconded  by  C.  P.  Hamlyn,  esq.  in  a 
speech  of  great  length,  in  which  he  took  a 
review  of  the  origin  of  Uthes,  their  original 
appropriation,  and  entered  into  calculations 
to  show  their  unequal  operation,  uuder  the 
present  mode  of  collection,  upon  the  fiu-mer. 
The  petition,  which  was  adopted  almost  una- 
nimously, set  forth  —  *<  That,  since  tithes 
were  originally  established,  all  property  has 
undergone  material  changes,  and  particu- 
larly agricultural,  by  the  operation  of  these 
laws  ;  and,  in  consequence  of  an  increase  of 
public  burdens  within  these  thirty  years, 
coupled  with  other  circuro&tances,  the  in- 
conveniences of  them  have  been  rapidly  ac- 
cumulating. That  your  petitioners  have  also 
to  complain,  that  disputes  respectlug  the 
payment  of  tithes  are  determined  in  a  Court 
constituted  in  a  manner  peculiar  to  itself, 
and  without  the  constitutional  intervention 
of  a  jury.  That  your  petitioners  ask  for  no 
innovations  on  the  principles  of  the  British 
Constitution,  nor  for  any  un&ir  or  impro|>er 
sacrifice  from  any  party,  but  humbly  pray 
that  your  honourable  House  will,  at  as  early 
a  period  in  this  Session  of  Parliament  as  the 
business  of  the  Nation  will  allow,  take  into 
its  most  serious  consideration  the  present 
state  of  the  Tithe  LaWs,  and  the  effects  now 
resalting  firom  them,"  &c. 


The  accounts  from  different  parti  ef  the 
country  are  generally  of  a  despimding  ■»» 
tnre.  At  Huddenfield,  a  puUie  iBeeiu:|^ 
was  lately  held,  at  whieh  a  most  molaocbAly 
picture  was  given  of  the  general  distnts 
among  the  operatives  in  that  qvartart  where 
above  1 3,000  individuals  onl^r  had  tmapmtt 
haypenny  a  day  to  subsist  upon  1 

The  accounts  from  Coventry  represent  th« 
state  of  the  artisans,  and  other  laboimn  in 
that  city,  as  moat  deplonblt.  The  poor 
rates,  and  the  number  of  panpen,  art  mp- 
fully  on  the  increase.  The  directors  of  tho 
poor  have  thought  prqwr  to  MOBoriftKie 
the  Privy  Council  on  this  state  ol  thinga. 
Amongst  other  remarks,  they  obecrw  that 
"  the  casual  out-poor  of  Coveatry,  in  tha 
month  of  December  1 8979  amooatad  to  ttO 
£unllies,  which  number  of  lamiUia  is  nov 
augmented  to  l,dl9.  In  the  month  of  Jar 
nuary  1828,  the  number  of  indi^oab  to 
the  House  of  Industry  was  183|  ia  tha 
month  of  January  1880,  it  amounted  to  466. 

The  following  is  an  extract  fh»m  the  peti- 
tion agreed  on  at  the  fViUthin  Sesaiona, 
and  signed  by  every  Magistrate  preeent  :-*- 
*<  Tliat  the  most  alarming  distress  parvadat 
both  the  agricultural  and  manaihetariBg  die- 
tricts  of  this  county ;  that  sneh  distfaii  oan« 
not,  they  fear,  be  attributed  to  taiporaiy 
causes,  or  be  expected  materially  to  ahaia 
wiihout  Legislaiwe  mierftrtnet ;  and  that 
they  entertain  moit  serious  appnitaukm  ff 
the  gradual f  tnUnoless  certem,  wtimHim  Ijf 
their  property." 

Jan,  16.  On  this  day  a  most  nunierei 
meeting  was  held  at  the  Town-hall,  HwiMi 
ler.  Sir  W.  Cooke  in  the  chairi  aad  p^ 
tions  were  adopted,  praying  Fsrlitiail'  to 
take  mto  immediate  consideration  tha  dis* 


183a] 


Donkesfic  Oecurrencn. 


tretted  lUU  of  the  country.  The  lineiuge 
of  the  ipefekert  evinced  a  very  etrong  mliog 
on  the  •uhject.  Mr.  PilkUgtoD  ttid  a  cri- 
iis  liad  arrived  when  tomethioc  must  be 
done :  and  Mr.  Deofton  declared  oU  opinion 
that  OoTcraroent  had  only  the  choice  of 
two  thioct — the  pruninff-lroife  or  the  sponge. 
Mm »ri.  Duncombe  and  Wilton,  t«ro  of  uie 
Mf  robcra  for  Yorlibire,  were  present. 

Jan,  1 6.  Tlie  freeholders  and  other  inha- 
bitants of  the  county  of  Norfolk  assembled 
at  the  Shire  Hall,  Norwich,  the  High  She- 
riff in  the  chair,  to  8|*ree  to  a  petition  for 
the  repeal  of  the  Malt  Tax.   There  were  up- 
wards of  1 ,500  persons  present,  including  all 
the  noblemen  and  gentlemen  who  usually 
take  a  part  In  the  public  proceedings  of  the 
county.     Mr.  W.  Buluer  moved  a  series  of 
resolutions,  one  of  which  declared  "That 
the  repeal  of  the  Duties  on  Malt  wodd 
greatly  lienefit  the  consumers  generally,  but 
more  especially  would  it  relieve  the  labour- 
iog  and  industrious  classes,  by  placing  with- 
in their  reach  the  means  of  brewing  their 
own  beer,  and  baking  their  own  bread ;  by 
the  want  of  which  they  are  now  driven  to 
the  use  of  ardent  spirits,  to  the  destruction 
of  their  health  aud  morals."    They  were 
secon<!cd  by  Mr.  Coke,  who  declared  him- 
self an  advocate  for  the  repeal  of  both  the 
Malt  and  Beer  Taxes ;  but,  as  it  was  not 
likely  they  would  obtain  the  repeal  of  more 
than   one,  he  preferred  the  repeal  of  the 
Tax  on  Malt.    The  revolutionanr  war  had 
been  the  primary  cause  of  all  the  (distress 
and  liankruptcy  which  had  taken  place  since, 
and  of  the  present  impendlug  danger  to  t!ie 
country.     He  said  the  other  coontics  had 
to  foHuw  the  example  of  Lincolnshire  end 
Norfolk,  and  then  he  should  like  to  see  the 
Minister  who  dare  refuse  what  was  the  Joint 
re<|uest  of  the  pride  of  England.    The  reso- 
lutions were  ultimately  carried. 

A  meeting  has  aI#o  been  Iield  at  Lnccs, 
in  Sussex,  for  the  purpose  of  pctHinntng 
Parliament  fur  the  rci>eal  of  the  Duties  on 
Malt  and  Beer,  when  a  series  of  resolutions 
to  the  al)ove  effect,  prepared  by  Mr.  Her- 
bert Curteis,  were  unanimously  |>af8cd.  At 
the  Lewes  Quarter  Sessions,  the  County 
Mag^iitratcs  drew  up  a  representation  on  the 
distresses  of  the  county.  It  was  forwaided 
to  the  Duke  of  Weliint^ton. 

Jan,  If). — A  fire  brdkc  out  at  a  siiop- 
keeper's  in  the  town  of  ShecrnesSf  which, 
owing  to  the  ficculiarly  combustible  nature 
of  the  buildings,  destroyed  54  houses,  be- 
sides tmt- buildings,  liefort  it  could  lie 
stopped.  The  lost  Is  estimated  at  30,000/. 
whereof  about  one  lialf  u  inaurc-l  in  the  Sun, 
County,  Kent,  and  Nomich  offices.  Only 
two  or  three  yeah  ago,  a  fire  of  simihr  ex- 
tent occurred,  the  houses  being  almost 
wholly  built  of  fir  and  weathef- boarding, 
and  iMing  frequtntly  covered  with  tarpadtln. 
Jan.  1  f).  A  genera]  meeting  of  the  sub- 
CiCNT.  MXc.  January f  ^M0. 

10 


scrlbers  to  th«  Bath  aid  Bristol  Railway, 
was  held  at  the  Bush  Tlurem,  BristJ,  whaa 
it  vAi  uBtBimoaiitv  rtsolved,  "  That  the  in- 
tended line  of  Railway  from  Bath  to  Bristol 
win  lessen  the  distance  between  these  citiest 
whereby  passengers  and  goods  any  be  con- 
veyed with  perfect  safety,  at  a  raU  not  ex^ 
ceeding  one>third  of  the  present  charge, 
and  with  sudi  expedition  and  reguUritj  at 
alT  seasons,  whether  of  frost  or  flood,  at 
must  maintain  an  uninterrupted  commani- 
catfon  between  the  two  cities,  and  therel^ 
secure  essential'  advantages  to  the  mer- 
chants, manufacturers,  and  traders  of  Bris- 
tol, and  afford  great  convenience  to  the  visi- 
tors of  aifkon.  Hot-wells,  Bath,  SontH 
Wales,  and  IreUnd." 

Mr.  Kde,  in  a  pamphlet  on  the  Poor 
Laws,  Just  published,  calcuUtet  the  number 
of  Irish  labourers  who  annually  flock  to  this 
country  at  100,000 ;  that  their  sUy  is  from 
the  end  of  March  to  the  beginning  of  Octo- 
ber {  during  which  i6  weeks  their  earnings, 
at  8f.  a  week,  amount  to  1,040,000/,  of 
which  they  carry  back  from  81.  to  4f.  eac1i» 
or  from  300,000/.  to  400,OOOZ. !  the  whole 
of  which  earnings  are  taken  from  the  Eng- 
lish labourer  at  the  most  valuable  time  of 
the  Year. 

The  fVeather, — The  severity  of  the  present 
winter  will  be  memorable  in  the  annals  of 
the  seasons.     In  the  course  of  one  week  we 
hate  experienced  all  the  alternations  of  win- 
ter weather — intense  frost,  deep  snow,  haavy 
rain,  and  rapid  thaw.     The  snow  which  feU 
on  the  l!)tD  of  Jan.  was  drifbd   by  the 
North-easterly  wind  into  deep  masses  in  va- 
rious parts  of  the  public  roads,  putting  a 
stop  to  the  |»a«sa<;e  of  carriages.     In  the 
low  grounds  of  Wiltshire,  the  snow  accumu- 
lated in  some  places  to  the  depth  of  1 5  or 
1 6  feet.    'V\iQ  snow  upon  M^ndip  has  been 
in  many  places  from  Kf  to  90  feet  deep. 
Up**fds  of  20  waggons  and  carts  were  com* 
pletcly  blocked  up  near  OakhlU,  and  so  co* 
vercd  with  the  snow  that  only  a  little  of  the 
top  of  one  of  the  waggons  was  visible.   Fifly 
labourers  were   einjiloyed  in  clearing  away 
the  snow,  and  the  road  was  at  Icngtli  ren- 
dered in  some  degree  passable.     Since  what 
is  termed  **the  great  frost  of  1814,"  we 
have  not  cxperlvnced  so  long  a  continaanct 
of  cold  weather,  nor  has  travelling  been  so 
much  impeded. 

LONDON  AND  ITS  VICINITY. 

Jan,  3.  This  morning  a  young  man, 
named  Ooney,  went  into  the  yard  in  th« 
Tower,  round  which  the  cages  of  the 
beasts  are  placed,  for  the  pur]>osc  of  re* 
moviug  this  bones  which  had  bcnn  swept 
out  of'  the  cages'  after  tlie  beasts  liad  been 
fed,  when  one  of  the  leopards^  the  keeper 
liavihff  neglected  to  holt  its  door,  pounced 
upon  nin,  and  stieking  his  immense  rlhws 


Domestic  Occurrences, 


[Jan. 


oa  each  side  of  his  neck,  grasped  the  hack 
of  it  with  his  tusksy  and  kept  a  fast  hold. 
Croney  called  out  for  assistance)  and  reach- 
ing out  his  hand,  endeavoured  to  force  open 
the  keeper's  room  door,  but  it  was  fastened. 
The  keepers  at  length  came  to  his  assist- 
ance, and  stunned  the  animal  by  giving  him 
some  tremendous  blows  on  the  head  with  a 
large  fowling-piece.  Croney*s  neck  and 
shoulders  were  seriously  injured »  and  he 
was  carried  to  Guy*s  Hospital. 

Jan.  9.  A  robbery  was  committed  at  the 
Royal  Mint  to  a  great  extent,  and  under 
circumstances  of  great  audacity.  A  man 
named  Keith,  employed  in  the  moneyer's  de- 
partment, had  eight  journeys  of  gold  blanks 
given  over  toliim,  for  the  purpose  of  putting 
mto  the  regular  process  of  stamping  for 
sovereigns.  He  went  away  with  Iialf  the 
blanks  (2008)  and  was  not  missed  for  some 
time  afterwards.  When  inquiries  were  made 
fuir  him,  it  was  found  he  had  decamped  with 
the  property.  One  hundred  pounds  is  offered 
by  the  Mint  for  the  apprehension  of  Keith, 
100/.  upon  his  conviction,  and  300/.  upon 
the  recovery  of  the  whole  property  stolen, 
or  in  proportion  for  any  part  thereof. 

Jan.  14.  A  verdict  was  given  in  the 
Court  of  King's  Bench,  damages  50/. 
agains|  The  Times  Newspaper,  for  a  libel 
on  Mr.  Alaric  A.  Watts,  a  gentleman  distln- . 
euished  in  the  literary  world,  which  arose 
from  the  police  report  of  a  ^cas  with  a  Jew 
salesman. 

Jan,  1.9.  The  first  annual  meeting  of 
the  proprietors  of  shares  in  the  St.  Kathe- 
rlne's  Docks  was  held  at  the  Dock-house, 
Tower-hill,  Thomas  Tooke,  Esq.  in  the 
chair.  The  report  stated,  that  the  total 
cost  of  the  docks,  and  all  the  works  and 
buildings  within  the  boundary  wall,  was 
1,988,473/.;  and  an  additional  outlay  of 
1 96,995/.  was  required,  which  it  was  pro- 
posed to  raise  by  an .  issue  of  debentures, 
reserving  the  rights  of  the  holders  of  those 
already  issued.  Of  such  additional  outlay, 
the  excess  upon  the  estimates  is  only 
45,891/.  15.  id,  the  remaining  sums  being 
required  to  defray  the  expense  of  additional 
works,  buildings,  improvements,  plant  fix- 
tures, and  contingencies.  The  directors 
recommend  a  dividend  of  one  and  a  half  per 
cent,  upon  the  fixed  capital  1,352,800/. 
(the  interest  on  debentures,  up  to  the  5th  of 
October  last,  having  been  paid),  which  will 
leave  a  balance  of  14,926*/.  I9s.  9d.  to  be 
carried  to  the  credit  of  the  revenue  account 
of  the  next  half  year.  The  report  was  re- 
ceived with  stroDg  marks  of  approbation. 
The  Chairman  then  observed,  that  80  ships, 
between  800  and  800  tons  register,  had  en- 
tered the  dock  during  the  last  year. 

Jan,  iO,  In  the  High  Court  of  Dele- 
gates two  appeal  cases  were  dismissed  with- 
out the  Court  ooming  to  any  decision.  The 
fira  W9M  an  •|H>Md  nom  tbe  sentence  of  the 
Judge  of  the  Prerogitivt  Court,  by  which 


an  allezed  will  of  Mr.  J.  Clopton,  of  Clop- 
ton-hul,  Warwick,  in  favour  of  Mr.  Henry 
Wyatt,  was  set  aaide,  on  the  gronud  that  it 
was  obtained  by  fraiid  and  eircumvention. 
Mr.  Justice  lattledale,  the  prsses, informed 
the  parties,  that  the  Court  had  come  to  tho 
determination  to  adjourn  their  decision, 
witbout  naming  a  day  to  deliver  it.  The 
parties  might,  m  the  mean  time,  consider 
whether  they  should  come  to  any  arrange* 
meot  which  would  render  it  unnecessary  to 
require  the  judgment  of  the  Court.  The 
other  case  was  an  appeal,  like  the  foriuer 
one,  from  the  Prerogative  Court,  whereby 
the  will  of  Mrs.  Sophia  Harding,  in  favour 
of  her  husband,  Mr.  John  Harding,  was  set 
aside  on  the  ground  of  its  having  been  ob- 
tained by  undue  influence.  The  Court  deli- 
berated about  half  an  hour,  when  the  doors 
were  opened,  and  the  registrar  read  the 
order  of  Court,  which  was,  that  the  Court 
was  divided  in  opinion,  and  as  neither  of  the 
three  Common  Law  Judges  concurred  with 
the  majority  (the  Delegates  fntm  the  Civil 
Courts),  their  Lordships  gave  no  decision. 

A  Commission  has  recently  been  ap- 
pointed to  remedy  the  abuses  and  delays  . 
existing  in  the  Ecclesiastical  Courts.  By  an 
Act  of  last  Session,  the  Judges  of  the  Ec- 
clesiastical Courts  are  authorized  to  esta- 
blish tables  of  fees,  and  to  regulate  the  du- 
ties of  the  deputy-registrars  and  clerks  of 
seats :  and  it  provides  that,  in  future  ap> 
poiotments,  clerks  of  seats  shall  execute 
their  duties  in  person.  The  Act  aurhorizes 
additional  Court-days  and  abolishes  holidays, 
and  it  empowers  the  Court  of  Peculiars  to 
sit  in  the  Hall  at  Ductors'-commons,  in- 
stead of  the  vestry-room  at  Bow  church. 
Considering  that  these  Courts  originated  in 
the  usurpation  of  the  Romish  church  ; 
that  their  forms  of  proceedings  are  at  variance 
with  the  principles  of  English  law ;  that 
procrastination  and  ext^ense  are  so  flagrant 
there,  that  even  Cliancery  practitionern 
point  at  them  with  the  finger  of  scoru ; 
and,  lastly,  that  the  costs  in  an  ecclesiasti- 
cal suit,  instead  of  being  the  necessary 
price  paid  for  justice,  are  avowedly  an  en- 
gine of  punishment, — it  would  seem  that, 
instead  of  reform,  total  excision  would  be 
the  fittest  remedy  for  the  evils  of  a  system 
of  judicature,  which  makes  up  in  vexation 
what  it  wants  in  power. 

Jan,  21.  A  numerous  meeting  of  tlie 
parishioners  of  St.  Andrew,  Holborn,  was 
held  this  day,  to  take  into  consideration  the 
claims  of  the  rector,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Bcres- 
ford,  relative  to  tithes,  when,  after  consi- 
derable discussion,  it  was  resolved  tooff<'r  a 
composition  in  lieu  of  tithes  and  Easter- 
offerings.  Counsel's  opinion  had  been  ol>- 
tained  relative  to  the  disputed  claim  for 
tithes  in  the  Middlesex  portion  of  the 
parish.  It  stated  that  the  rector  could  not 
muntain  his  claim  upon  the  parishioners 
generally  who  resided  in  Middlesex,    and 


1830.]         Theatrical  Reguler.'^Promotioni  and  Prefer menii,  75 

« 

wlio  had  nrnfomly  ratktod  it.     It  michty  object  it  to  iaerMM  lh«  rMpMtabUitj  of 

Itowever,  be  difftrtot  with  imect  to  tbott  the  profeettooy  and  to  promote  the  geneitl 

ttarUhiooere  ia  that  part  of  the  pansh  who  eonvenieoce  and  advantage  of  ita  memliers'i 

ltd  been  in  the  laabit  of  peyiog  tithes ;  and  with  which  view  it  it  propoaed  to  provide  a 

in  all  tttch  catet  the  rcctor*t  book,  in  which  boildiog,  to  eootitt  of  a  hall,  open  at  all 

i!ie  receipu  uf  thoae  tithes  were  entered,  hoara  of  the  day,  and  famished  with  desks 

would  be  sufficient  evidence  to  establish  hit  or  enclosed  tables,  in  which  is  to  be  kept  an 

right  in  that  particular.  account  of  the  business  connected  with  the 

Tl>e  following  b  an  Abstract  of  the  Net  profession ;    a  library,  which  it  is  designed 

Produce  of  the  Revenue  of  Great  Britain  in  shall  contain  a  complete  collection  of  law 

the  Years  ended  on  the  5th  of  Jan.  1889t  books,  an  office  of  registry,  a  club*rooB, 

and  tbe  6th  Jan.  1 880.  &c     Lectures  on  the  different  branches  of 

Years  ended  Jsn.  6.  law  are  also  contemplated.     The  new  build- 

1 899.  1 830.  ing  is  to  be  in  Chancery-lane ;  the  site  is 

CnstOHBS 16,195,118     16,093,860  now   cleared;    iu  front  will   consist  of  a 

Excise   18,700,378     17f749>791  plain,  but  handsome,  Ionic  portico.    The 

Stampe 6,666,863       6,644,635  total  expense  of  it  is  estimated  at  95,0001. 

Post  Office 1 ,400,000       1 ,376,000  To  carry  these  views  into  effiect,  a  capital  of 

Taxes 4,849,309      4,896,566  50,000/.  has  been  raised  in  9000  shares  of 

Miscellaneous...       564,166  449»091  95i.  each. 


if48,805,399  i^47il89,873 
Decreesoon  the  Year,  .£1,165,449. 

A  new  arrangement  of  duty  has  taken 
place  in  the  Chml  Royal  at  Whitehall,  in 
ctmseooenee  of  which  the  monthly  Preachers 
from  toe  two  Universities  are  disnented  with. 
The  preaeherships  were  establitned  by  King 
Geo.  I.  for  tbe  purpoee  of  brinffing  into  no- 
tice resident  Feltowt  of  the  two  universities. 

Jan,  91.  The  members  of  the  Law  Insti- 
tution and  friends  celebrated  the  commence- 
ment of  their  new  building,  by  a  dinner  at 
tlie  Freentason's  tavern.  This  institution 
was  projected  in  1895,  and  is  limited  to 
attorneys,  solicitors,  and  proctors,  in  Eng- 
land and  Ireland,  and  writers  to  the  signet, 
and  solicitors  of  the  courts  in  Scotland.   Its 


THEATRICAL  REGISTER. 

CoVCIfT-GARDBir. 

Jan.  5.  A  farce,  entitled  Tile  Husbands 
Mistake,  or  the  Corporats  tVeddittgy  was  pro- 
duced, being  an  adaptation  from  the  opera  of 
La  Fwnc^.     It  was  partially  successnil. 

Jan.  19.  The  PrenUogisit,  a  fsree,  from 
the  pen  of  Mr.  T.  Wade,  author  of  Woman's 
Love,  &c.  was  brought  forward.  It  was  a 
smart  satire  on  phrenology,  and  excited 
much  laughter ;  tnoogh  some  of  the  scenes 
Were  too  eztravaffant  and  boisterous. 

Jan.  1 8.  Mnrpny's  tragedy  of  the  Greeian 
Daughter  was  produced,  for  the  purpoee  of 
bringing  forward  Miss  F.  Kemble  in  the 
character  of  Euphrasia.  Her  acting  was  very 
fivourably  received. 


PROMOTIONS    AND    PREFERMENTS. 


Gazxttb  Promotions. 

Jan,  4.  3d  Foot,  Gen.  Sir  G.  Don, 
G.  C.  B.  36th  Foot,  to  be  Col — 36th  Foot, 
Lient.-Gen.  Sir  R.  Hald  SheaiFe,  Bart,  to  be 
Col. — 48th  Foot,  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  Tho.  Hls- 
lop,  Bart,  and  G  C.  B.  51st  Foot,  to  be 
Col.— 51  St  Foot,  Mai.-Gen.  SirBen.D*Ur- 
ban,  K.C  B.  to  be  Col.— 14th  Foot,  to  re- 
tain on  its  colours  and  appointments  the 
word  '*  Cornnna  "  (which  was  granted  to  tbe 
late  9d  Battalion],  in  commemoration  d  its 
distinguished  coodnct  in  the  action  near  Co- 
runna  oa  the  16th  Jan.  1809. 

Jan.  11.  1  St  Foot,  Lieot.-Col.  C.  Stoart 
Campbell,  96th  Foot,  to  be  Lieut.-Col.— 
9d  Foot,  Lieiit.-CoL  J.  G.  Baomgardt,  81st 
Foot,  to  be  Lieiit.-Col.— 96th  Foot,  Lieut  - 
CoU  R.  Armstrong,  let  Foot,  to  be  Lieut- 
Col — 3 1  St  Foot,  brevet  Lieat.-Col.  Sam. 
MitcheU,  RifU  Brigade,  to  U  Lieot.-CoL 
45th  Foot,  Capt.  E.  F.  Boys  to  be  Major.— 
54th  Foot,  Littit.-Col.  MUdmay  Fane,  98th 


Foot,  and  Maj.  Rich.  Murray,  to  be  Lieut.- 
Cols.  Captain  J.  Clarke  to  be  Major.— 68d 
Foot,  Mti.  J.  Logan,  Rifle  Brigade,  to  be 
Lient.-Cof.— 64th  Foot,  Capt.  J.E.Freeth, 
to  be  Major.— 9dth  Foot,  Lieut.-Col.  Edw. 
Fitzgerald,  to  be  Lieut.-Col. — Rifle  Brigade, 
Capt.  Arch.  Stewart,  and  Capt.  W.  «lobn- 
ston,  to  be  Majors.  —  Unattached,  Major 
Ralph  Johnson,  64th  Foot,  to  be  Lieot.- 
Col.  of  Inf. 

'    Member  returned  to  $erve  m  ParkammL 

SoMiAomptoA.— J.  Barlow  Hoy,  of  Midea- 
bury,  esq.  vice  W.  Chamberkyne^  esq.  dee. 

EcCLIfllAtTIClL  PRiriKMiim. 
Rev.  J.  Storer,  to  be  Principal  Official  ia 

the  Royal  Pleculiar  of  the  Deaneiy  of 

Bridgenorth,  Salop. 
Rev.  TTBgyddl,  Minor  Canon  in  Chester 

Cath. 


79 


Fromotiwu  and  Ptrfenrntmis. — Bhrtk^'^Mimlag/ti,      .  [Jau. 


Bcv.  H.  J.  Todd,  to  Om  Prcbad  «£  H«|b. 

Bev.  P.  fi^Kiar,  ToEnf  Ok  ia  dw  TnAj- 

tcffy  Of  UsBuoc 
RcT.  H.  J.  fivtoa,  LottoD  ud  ESsy  R.  eo. 


Rev.  G.  BoDBpr,  to.be  Mniitter  of  New  Sof- 

fiA-aq.  Ch.  Cbeltenhein. 
Rev.  J.  Brmmston,  Greet  Beddov  Y.  Essex. 
Rev.  T.  CUrlooo,  Beytoo  R.  Suffblk. 
Rev.  F.  Costaoce,  Reppooilen  P.  C.  iUfifiuc 
Rev.  C.  ruber,  CJtoa  R.  Suffiilk. 
Rev.  U.  CK^M,  Corbrid^  V.  Nortfaamberl. 
Rev.  C.  ZMnmy,  A>he  R.  Hents. 
Rev.  R.  Newcmne,  Clocoeiioc  R.  Denbigb. 
Rev.  P.  Pooie,  Frfidd  R.  Hants. 
Rev.  W.  H.  Sbetfbrd,  Preston  R.  Suffolk. 


Rev.  J.  Spiff  eon,  Twyford  R.  Norfolk. 

•Rev.  H.  Taylor,  Slokenbam  V.  Devon. 

Rev.  C  Tifpp,  BnMlon  R.  Soquerset. 

Rev.  R.  WiU,  Stanton  R.  Norfolk. 

Rev.  R.  WiHianis,  Aber  R.  Caroanron. 

Rev.  C  V.  H.  Sumner, -Chaplain  in  Ordinary 
to  the  King. 

Rev.  £.  H.  G.  Willian^s,  ChapL  to  tbe  dow- 
ager I^dy  Cawdor. 

Civil  Preterm  ents. 

J.  I.  Lockbart,  esq.  M.  P.  elected  Recorder 
of  Roinsej,  vice  R.  W.  Missing,  esq.  dec. 

Rev.  W.  H.  Clarke,  Second  Master  of  Nor- 
wich tree  Gram.  School. 

-Rev.  J. 'Hutchinson,  Head'Mast.  of  Chelms- 
ford Free  Gram.  School. 


BIRTHS. 


Jtt/y  1^.  At  Sydney,  the  I#^  of  Lieut.- 
Gen.  Darling,  Governor    of    New   South 

W*lcs>  a  <li^u. 

Latdy.    At  Oakley-park,  JLodlaw,  Ledy 

Harriet  Qive,  a  son. ^.\t  Islington,  the 

wife  of  Capt.  fialchUd,  ^M.  a  dan. 

At  Bromptoo' barracks,  Chatham,  the  wife 

of  Capt.  Beghie,  83d  JEteg.  a  dan. At 

Portsmouth,  the  wifs  of  Mi^  Chiches^ir, 
£Qth  Rifles,  a  son. 

Dec,  31.  The  Hon.  Mrs.  Feigasoo,adau. 

Jaru  St.  At  Gonton-park,  in  NeiiuUc,  Lady 
(Suffield,  a  son.         4.  At  Mere,  the  wife  of 


fFohn  Chafin  Morris,  esq.  Commander  R.N> 
a  son.  7»  In  Harley-street,  .the  wife  of 
Dr.  .Souther,  a  dau.  10.  Jn  York-pUce, 
^e  iriCs  of  M^rLrfviogston,  .£.LC.  service, 
A  son.— 19.  In  .George-street,  Hanover- 
square,  the  wife  of  George  Bankes,  esq.  M.P. 

asqn^ Id.  At  Beal-house,  the  wiie  of 

H.  W.  Mason^  esq.  High  Sheriff  of  Bucki, 
a  dau. — r-^4.  In  Green-fftmet,  G^oavooor- 
jKquare,  tbe  wife  of  D.  Barc^r,  esq.  M.P.  a 
jK*n,  since  dead.  \&,  In  iLi^Vfdoii,  the 

wife  of  W.  £.  XauotoQ,  eaq.  Itroordw  •£ 
Oxford,  a  son. 


MARRIAGES. 


Lately,  In  Carmarthenshire,  J.  D.  Da- 
vies,  esq.  R.N.  to  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  the 

Ute  Sir  William  Maosel,  Bart. ^At  Braf- 

ferton,  the  Rev.  B.  Lunley,  Rector  of  Dal- 
by,  to  Miss  Howard,  dau.  of  the  late  John 

Howard,  esq.   of  Hull. The  Rev.  J.  £. 

Daniel,  Vicar  of  Weybi^ad,  eldest  son  Qf 
Capt.  Daniel,  R.N.  of  Ipswich,  to  Mary, 

^d,es^   4fu.  of  John  Alarich,  esq. At 

^utbec,  the  Hon*  F.  }N,  Primrose,  brother 
(0  th^  £arl  of  Rosebery,  to  Percy  Gore, 
third  dau.  of  the  latie  Col.  j^.  Goroi  of  B^ry- 
iitottJBt,  in  li^Iao^  and  niece  to  Vice-A(UD. 

Sir  John  Gore. ^  Kfi«gravc,  Wm.  Page 

Wood,  Fellow  of  Trinity  CoUece,  Cam- 
bridge, second  son  qf  Matthew'  Woud,  esq. 
M.P.  toCharlutte,  only  dau.  of  Edif.  Moor, 
esq.  of  Great  Beallngs,  Suffolk. 

Jan.  4.  At  ManSkulI,  Dorset,  the  Rev. 
F.  Y.  Ljuke,  Rector  of  Frintoo,  Esses,  to 
Agnes  Eliza,  dau.  of  the  Rev.  W.  B.  Kiams- 

den. 5.  At  St.  Mary's,  Mary-le-bonc,  R. 

Browne  Clajton,  only  %on  of  Lteut.-Gen.  B. 
Clayton,  of  Falweod-hall,  Lancashire,  to 
CatA.  Jane,  only  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  R. 
Dobson,  of  Fumeux  Pefbam,  Herts.  At 
Ot.  Jamet^,  Westminsler,  J.  Bowen  Gum- 
bleton,  esq.  of  Fort  William,  co.  Weterfbrd, 
to  Aun,  eldest  dau.  and  co-heiress  of  H. 
Everard,  esq.  of  Spalding.^— 7.  At  Bath, 


the  Rev.  Wm.  Coyte  Freeland,  of  Cogges- 
hall,  Essex,  to  Mary  Cath.  yoniigest  dau.  of 
the  late  Rear-Adm.  Bingham,  and  srand- 
dau.  of  the  late  Vice-Adm.  Sir  W.  Parker, 

Bart. At  Lymington,  the  Rev.  Q.  Hardv 

Raven,  of  Boston^  to  Jane  Ac^gosta,  fifth 

dau.  of  John  Richman,  e^q. 9.  At  Bath- 

§ot6,  Col.  Ptiillott/R.A.  to  the  refict  of  the 
late  J.  Shaw,  esq.  and  daughter  of  the  la(e 

T.  Lo%mdes,  esq. ^At  St.  Mary's,  Lam- 

betb,  John  Wright,  widower,  agwi  102,  to 
Cath.  Stringer,  widow,  in  her  60th  year. 
Tbe  bridegroom  appeared  healthy  and  ac- 
tive.  18.  At  Clapham,  the  Rev.  R.  Dick- 
inson, Rector  of  Headley,  Hants,  to  H. 
Maria,  dau.  of  the  late  Capt.  fietler,  formerly 
of  SBrrey-fooare.  ■  14.  At  Paris,  the 
Viscompte  Qias.  de  Mentqoe,  Capt.  of  Gre- 
nadiers, to  Miss  Cproline  Susanna,  dau.  of 
the  Hon.  John  Spencer,  nod  niece  of  the 

Diiko  of  MarlLoroi^ii. At  Lewiafiam, 

W.  Dnke,  Jan.  esq,  of  Huttings,  to  Sarah 
Batley,  only  dau.  of  T.  Cox,  esq.  of  Black- 
heath.— At  Chislehampton,  Oxfordshire, 
V/,  Bobart,  esq.  to  Ellen,  third  dau.  of  Mr. 

J.  Richmond. 19.  At  Brighton,  the  Rev. 

P.  W.  DoBgks,  Rector  of  Bon^  and  Hork- 
stow,  lioeoinshtre,  and  nephew  to  the  Bi- 
shop of  Durliam,  to  Charlotte,  dau.  of  the 
late  John  Barber,  esq.  of  Denmark-hill. 


1830.] 


I    77    ] 


O  B  1  T  U  A  «  Y. 


Earl  or  KBtviB. 

Dec.  3.  At  Airdrie  Huum*  co.  Fife, 
Mrd  83,  the  Right  Hon.  Metbven-KelUe 
Enkiiie,  t«iitb  EatI  of  KcUie,  Viscount 
of  Fenton  (ibe  premier  Viicuunty  of 
ScocUnd),  and  Baron  of  Dirleion.  oo. 
HaddinKton*  and  uintb  Baronat  of  Cao- 
bo,  CO.  Fife. 

His  locdthip  wai  tbe  f ixib  and  yonnf- 
eit  aon  of  David  Ertkine,  E»q.  (fourth 
•on  of  Sir  Alexander  tbe  second  Baronet 
of  Cemboy  and  brother  to  Sir  Cbarhae, 
Sir  Jubn,  and  Sir  William,  tbe  tbirdy 
fourth,  and  fifth  BArnnets)  by  bis  second 
wife.  Miss  Vounf  of  £Uiubur|;b.  David 
was  fuurib  in  descent  from  Thomas 
first  Earl  of  Kellie;  and  maternal. Kcand- 
tou  of  Alcaandtj'  the  third  Earl;  bis 
father  Sir  Alexander,  »bo  wi^  tKffd 
Lyon  Kin^  of  Arms,  and  Kn^bt  in  Far- 
iiameut  lur  Fifesbire,  bavini^  married 
i«ady  Mary  Ecstuae,  ibe  third  Earfs 
eldeat  dau|;bter. 

Mr.  MeUiv«n  Erskine  bad  io  early  life 
•on^  emplov^nent  in  Henj^aU  He  ia«r- 
rird  at  Eduiburfb,  July  I0«  I7al«  Jo- 
Lauua,  dauj;bter  of  Captain  Adam  Gor- 
don ol  Arduebf  and  aiuer  to  tbe  Lady  to 
»bom  bis  elder  brother  Thomas  (after- 
vranls  tbe  ninth  Earl  of  Kellie)  bad 
become  uoiicd  at  Gouenburgb  ten  years 
previously.  We  believe  both  these  ais- 
tars,  a  circumatance  which  must  baaw 
appear^  rtry  remote  at  tbe  period  of 
ibeir  marriage,  lived  to  be  Countestta  of 
Kellie.  Anne^  widow  of  Earl  Themes, 
died  on  tbe  SOlh  of  las(  March  {  and 
Johanna,  we  believe,  now  aurvivea  bcr 
husband. 

Between  tbe  period  of  the  SMtrriagc  ef 
tbe  auliject  vf  tbU  notice,  and  bit  accea- 
aieA  to  tbe  earldom,  the  following  elder 
male  hrancbea  of  his  family  (if  not 
etbcie)  were  removed  by  death :  towards 
the  close  of  1181  died  Thomas- Arcbi- 
baid  tbe  aixtbEarli  in  1790  died  Sir  Cbai. 
Er»kine,6tb  Bart,  of  Cafnbo(ibe  eldest 
brother  of  Metbven)  i  in  1791  Sir  Wil- 
liam Eftkiaa^  bit  aon  and  successor  $  in 
1793  David,  Methven's  fourth  brother; 
in  n9T  ArvhibaW  tbe  seventh  Earl; 
in  1799  CbaHct  the  eighth  Earl  of 
Kellie,  aad  Ibe  vounftr  brutber  and 
aucoetaer  of  Sir  William,  and  also  boir 
of  bit  cousin  fiaH  Archibald  i  and  i» 
1898  Tbootaa  ibf  ninth  Earl,  Meth- 
ven't,  De«t  elder  brother. 

On  tha  dfiuh  of  the  last-mentioned  at 
Cambo  Houtib  Feb.  7, 18S8,«  Matbveii 
Kfakitif ,  Etq.  at  the  afe  of  82,  aucoeed- 


cd  to  a  title,  between  whkh  .and  the 
tenant  livini^  at  hia  birth,  all  the  sibove 
malef,and  three  utbera  whoHied  youn^, 
had  intervened. 

We  believe  that  this  peeriiKebat  -now 
become  extinct,  it  having  been  in  errer 
that  we  ^considered  in  1698  (the  dien 
tucceasor  to  tbe  title  to  have  been  la  eon 
of  David  *Brskine,  Esq.  -who  died  tat 
Wareham  in  1804,  that  pentleman  (ac- 
cording te/DottgbM^a  Peeiege,  by  Wood) 
having  deceased  unmarried.  Stewart 
Erskiue,  Esq.  of  tBromley  Lodge,  Kent, 
bis  only  yuungor  brother,  who  ilied  at 
Bromley,  and  bas  a  tcMnb  in  tbe  chunih- 
yard  tlu:ne,  married  (says  tbe  same  aa- 
thorit.y)  Miaa  Reid,  but  .bad  no  atiflt*. 
Tbe  Visco«iaty  ef  Fenton,  bestowed  on 
him  in  1606,  was  tbe  first  eeeatrd  in 
the  Peerage  of  Seoiland. 

Tbe  lamily  of  Ertkine,  Earls  ef  KelKc, 
was  descended  from  Sir  Alcaander  £e- 
akiae  ef  Gofar,  fourth  aon  of  Jefan 
fourth  iford  Erakiae,  aiid  hratberto  tbe 
Regent  John  of  Mari  aad  was  raised  to 
tbe  peerage  in  tbe  person  of  Sir  Alexan- 
der, son  of  Thomas,  a  juvenile  compa- 
nion of  KingJeines  VI.,Hhe  courtier  who 
slew  AlcRUiiider  Authvrcsi  in  tberencaun- 
tie  denominated  tbe  Ooevy  Conapiracy ; 
and  who  afterwards,  acceetpanyinf^  hit 
«nyal  master  to  finglaad,  was  eoe  -of  tbe 
most  ftvoaeed  of  that  Monaroh't  entift- 
trymen. 


"TT- 


*  A  memoir  of  thit  nobleman,  who 


Viscount  Harbbrton. 

^ov.  S8.  At  hi«  heme  im  Uppar 
BMofc^alffeet«  haviag  wearly  eompletad 
hU  80th  year,  the  Right  Hon.  Henry  Ple- 
merey,  seoond  Viscount  Harhertoti,  aiKl 
Baren  Uarberton  of  Caibery,  co.  Kal- 
dare;  F.8.A. 

Hit  Lofdthip  wet  horn  Dee.  8,  1T49, 
the  eldett  ten  of  Arthur  the  firat  Vit- 
oouMt,*  by  Mary,  daughter  and  heiteaa 

wat  a  Repreteatative  Peer  ami  Lard- 
lientenant  of  Fifethtre,  wat  given  ia  mir 
vol.  Kcviii.  i.S€9;  isi  the  geneeJofieal 
particvlart  are  aoate  errem,  which  it  it 
hoped  are  corrected  in  the  ttatement 
above.  A  hea«tiful  portrait  ef  Earl 
Thofltat,  painted  by  WUkie  for  the 
Couiity  Hall,  Cupar,  wee  eahsbited  at 
Somcrtat  Houte  in  1889- 

*  Thit  branch  of  tbe  ancieiU  bafonlal 
fami^  of  Pomeroy  wat  foanded  io  Ire- 
land by  tbq  Very  Rav.  Artbor  Pomaray, 
DeaQ  of  Cork,  whote  anetatort  were  of 
Eogetdon,  in  Devontbirt.  Hit  fraod- 
ton,  Arthur  Pomeroy,  on  being  raited 


78 


Obituary. — Gen.  Lord  C.  FUzroy. 


[Jab. 


of  Henry  Colley,  of  Castle  Carbepy,  co. 
Kildare,  Esq.  and  Lady  Mary  Hamilton » 
third  daughter  of  James,  siitb  Earl  of 
Abercorn.  Mr.  Colley  was  the  elder 
brother  of  the  first  Lord  Murninj(ton, 
and  Lord  Harberion  was  consequeni  ly  a 
seeoiid  cousin  of  the  Duke  of  Welling- 
ton, the  Marquess  of  Wellesley,  &i*. ; 
and  ill  fact  the  representative  of  the 
elder  branch  of  the  family  of  Colley  or 
Cowley. 

The  Hon.  Henry  Pomeroy  tat  in  the 
Irish  House  of  Commons,  during  more 
than  one  Parliament,  for  the  borough  of 
Strabane.  He  succeeded  his  father  April 
9,  1798:  and  we  believe  was  never  a 
member  of  the  British  Parliament. 

Lord  Harberton  married,  Jan.  20, 
i7B8,  Mary,  second  daughter  of  Nicholas 
Grady,  of  Grange,  co.  Limerick^  Esq.; 
and  by  that  lady,  who  died  Jan.  S3, 
1823,  had  an  only  child,  the  Hon. 
Henry  Pomeroy,  whom  he  lost  at  the 
age  of  fourteen  in  1804.  The  Viscount 
is  succeeded  by  his  next  brother,  the 
Hon.  Arthur-James  Pomeroy,  who  is  in 
bis  seventy-seventh  year.  He  is  mar* 
ried,  but  has  no  children.  The  Hon. 
and  Rev.  John  Pomeroy,  the  next  bro- 
ther, has  four  sons. 


Gen.  Lord  Charles  Fitzroy. 

Dec.  20.  At  his  residence  in  Berkeley- 
square,  aged  65,  General  the  Right  Hon. 
Lord  Charles  Fitsroy,  of  Wicken  in 
Northamptonshire,  M.A.  Colonel  of  the 
48th  Foot  ;  brother  to  the  Duke  of 
Grafton. 

Lord  Charles  Fitsroy  was  bom  July  17, 
1764,  the  younger  son  of  the  first  mar- 
ritge  of  Augustus-Henry  3d  and  late 
Duke  of  Grafton^  K.G.  with  the  Hon. 
Anne  Liddell,  only  daughter  and  heiress 
of  Henry  Lord  Ravensworth.  He  was 
created  Master  of  Arts  of  Trinity  Col- 
lege, Cambridge,  in  1784,  his  father 
being  then  Chancellor  of  that  Univer- 
sity. He  was  appointed  Ensign  in  the 
3d  foot  guards  in  July  1782,  Captain  in 
the  43d  foot  1787,  and  from  that  year  to 
1789  was  on  half-pay.  At  the  close  of 
tbe  latter  year  he  was  appointed  to  a 
company  in  tbe  45th  foot,  from  which 
he  was  removed  to  the  3d  foot  guards. 

His  Lordship  served  with  the  brigade 
of  Guards  in  Flanders,  during  the  whole 
of  tbe  campaigns  of  1 793  and  1794.  He 
was  present  at  the  siege  of  Valenciennes, 
and  at  every  action  in  which  the  grena- 

to  the  peerage,  took  the  title  from  the 
manor  of  Harberton,  in  Devonshire,  a 
part  of  the  extiensive  pbssessions  of  the 
great  honte  of  Pomeroy,  of  Berry  Pome- 
foy,  eo.  Devon. 


dier  battalion  was  engaged.  In  February 
1795  his  Lordship  wa«  appointed  Aid- 
de-camp  to  tbe  King,  and  Colonel  in  the 
army  \  and  Jan.  1,  1798,  Major-general. 
He  served  oq  tbe  Staff  in  Ireland  from 
February  that  year  till  April  1799,  when 
he  was  removed  to  the  Siaif  in  England ; 
on  which  he  continued,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  the  year  of  peace,  1802,  until  the 
Ist  of  May,  1809*  For  several  years  be 
commanded  the  garrison  in  Ipswich,  in 
which  situation  he  was  greatly  and  de- 
servedly respected.  The  1st  of  January, 
1805,  be  obtained  tbe  rank  of  Lieut.- 
General,  and  was  appointed  Colonel  6f 
the  43d  foot;  and  on  the  4th  of  June, 
1814,  he  was  promoted  to  the  rank 
of  General. 

Lord  Charles  Fitzroy  was  for  many 
years  one  of  the  Burgesses  in  Parliament 
fur  Bury  St.  Edmund's.  He  was  first 
returned  in  1787,  in  the  room  of  his 
c&usin  the  late  Lord  Southampton,  who 
then  accepted  tbe  Chiltern  Hundreds. 
At  the  general  election  in  1790  he  was 
re-elected;  but  at  that  of  1796  Lord 
Hervey  was  returned  in  his  room.  In 
1802  he  was  again  chosen,  and  be  coil- 
tinued  member  during  four  parliaments, 
till  1818,  when  he  resigned  bis  seat  to 
bis  nephew  the  Earl  of  Euston. 

Lord  CharlesFitzroywastwice  married; 
first,  June  20,  1795,  to  Frances,  only 
daughter  of  Edward  Miller  Mundy,  Esq. 
(for  many  years  M.P.  for  Derbyshire) 
by  his  first  wife  Frances,  eldest  daughter 
of  Godfrey  Meynell,  Esq.  ;  and  balf-sis- 
ter  to  the  late  Duchess  of  Newcaitle  (tee 
the  memoir  of  Mr.  Mundy  in  vol.  xcii. 
ii.  472).  By  this  lady,  who  died  Aug. 
.9,  1797,  his  Lordship  bad  one  son,  Lt.- 
Col.  Charles  Augustus  Fitsroy,  oow 
Deputy- Adjutant-general  at  tbe  Cape  of 
Good  Hope,  and  who  succeeds  to  his 
father's  Northamptonshire  estates ;  be 
married  in  1820,  Lady  Mary  Lennox,, 
eldest  daughter  of  Gen.  Charles  fourth 
and  late  Duke  of  Richmond  and  Lennox, 
K.G.  and  has  a  family.  His  Lordship's 
second  marriage,  March  10,  1799>  was 
with  Lady  Frances  Anne  Stewart,  eldest 
daughter  of  Robert  first  Marquis  of 
Londonderry.  Her  Ladyship  died  Feb. 
9, 1 8 10,  leaving  two  sons  atid  two  daugh- 
ters :  2.  Frances,  married  in  1824  to  the 
Hon.  George  Rice-Trevor,  M.P.  eldest 
son  of  Lord  Dynevor;  3.  George,  Capt 
1st  foot  guards,  and  now  or  late  Aid- 
de-camp  to  the  Lord-Lieutenant  of 
Ireland;  4.  Emily-Elizabeth,  who  died 
in  April  1827  $  And  5.  Robert. 

On  tbe  30th  Dec.  his  Lordship's  re- 
mains were  interred  at  Wicken j  near 
Stoney  Stratford,  in  which  parish  htn 
had  resided  for  nearly  twenty  years. 
His  death  is  deeply  and  deservedly  re- 


1S30.]     OmTUAEY.— //on.  J.  Cuvenirif. — Sir  P.  G.  Egirion. 


79 


gr«ttrd  ill  liiJit  neigbbovrbood,  wbere  be 
WM  unircrtally  beloved  by  all  cUstet. 
On  bit  deaib-bed  kit  Lerdtbip  ordered 
bUiikett  and  otbcr  necettariet,  witb  a 
contiderable  quantity  of  coal,  lu  be  dit* 
tributed  anonftt  tbe  poor  of  Wickeii, 
and  alto  anonpt  tbe  poor  at  Euttoo 
and  I  bat  ncigbbourbood,  nearly  tbe  last 
wordt  »bicb  be  wat  able  to  write  brings 
a  direction  for  a  diitribuiion  to  be  made 
on  New-year't  Day,  wbetber  be  abould 
turvive  to  that  timcy  or,  as  be  bimtelf 
anticipated,  tbuuld  bave  quilted  tbe 
tcene  of  tbit  world. 

Hit  Lordtbip*t  will  wat  proved  on  tbe 
6tb  of  Jan.  and  ibe  pertoiialty  »wom 
under  100,0001.  Tbe  will  ii  written  on 
parcbrocnCy  in  bit  own  band*writinp, 
partly  on  tbe  19th  of  October,  1829,  and 
partly  on  a  following  day  ;  and  tbcre  it 
a  codicil  dated  tbe  8tb  Dec  in  a  differ- 
ent writinf^. 


Hon.  John  Covbntry. 

A'ev.  19.  At  Burgate,  Hnmpfbire, 
aged  64,  tbe  Hon.  John  Coventry,  half- 
brother  to  tbe  E^rl  of  Coventry. 

Thit  gentleman  wat  born  June  SO, 
1765,  the  elder  ton  by  tbe  tecond  mar- 
riage uf  George- William  thetixth  Earl, 
with  the  Hon.  Barbara  St.  John,  fourth 
daughter  of  John  tenth  Lord  St.  John. 

He  w«t  twire  married,  fint  in  1788, 
to  Mift  Anne  Clayton,  by  whom  be  bad 
itsue  two  tont  and  two  d^ugbtert :  I. 
Caroline,  married  in  1894  to  Hugh 
Mallet,  of  Ath  Houte  in  Divuntbire, 
Eiq. }  9.  Frederick,  manied  in  1819  to 
hit  tecond  cousin  Louita,  only  daughter 
iif  Sir  Henry  Halfurd,  Bart.  MX>.  by  tbe 
Hon.  Eliaahetb-B^irbaraSi.  John,  fourth 
daughter  of  John  eleventh  Lord  St  Jubn, 
and  bat  teveral  children  ;  3.  John,  mar- 
ried to  Eliiabcth,  daughter  of  the  Rev. 
M.  Wilton,  and  hat  alto  teveral  children ; 
4.  Anne,  married  in  1893  to  her  firtt 
coutin  Thomat-WiUiam  Coventry,  E^q. 
B^rrtftter-at-Uw,  the  «*nly  ton  of  the 
late  Hi*n.  Thomat  William-Covrntry, 
ber  faiher't  younger  brother,  who  died 

in  1(116. 

The  Hon  John  Coventry  married  te- 
cotid*y,  in  Augatt  I809>  Anna-Maria, 
widtiw  of  Eheneser  Pope,  £«q.  and  te- 
rond  daughter  of  Franrit  Evet,  of  Clif- 
ford Place  in  Herefordtbire,  Etq.  ;  and 
bat  left  that  lady  bit  widow. 


Rev.  Sir  P.  G.  EoRitTON,  Bart. 
Dec.  13.  At  Oulton  Park,  Cbetbire, 
after  only  three  dayt*  illnett,  aged  69, 
the  Rev.  Sir  Philip  Grey  Egerton,  ninth 
Baronet  of  Bferton  and  Oulton  P^rk, 
Rector  of  Tarporlcy,  and  of  tbe  opper 


mediety  of  Malpat,  both  in  tbe  tame 
county. 

Sir  Philip  wat  bom  at  Broaton  in 
Cheshire,  July  6,  1767>  the  tecond  ton 
of  Philip  Egerton,  of  Oulton,  etq.  by  hit 
■paternal  coutin-gt- rman  Mary,  daughter 
of  Sir  Francit  Ha^kin  Eylet-St>  let,  Bart.; 
and  titter  and  tole  beireti  to  Sir  John 
Eyiet-Stylet,  the  fourth  and  latt  Baronet 
of  that  name.  He  wat  formerly  Fellow 
of  Peterhoute,  Cambridge,  where  be 
proceeded  RA.  1790,  MA.  1794.  He  waa 
pretented  to  the  upper  mediety  of  the 
rectonr  of  Malpat  in  1804,  by  hit  aunt 
Mitt  Eliaabetb  Egerton,  patron  for  that 
turn;  and  to  Tarporley  in  1806,  by  bit 
brother  Sir  John  Grey  Egerton. 

Ou  the  death  of  Sir  John,  May  94, 
1895,  tbit  gentleman  tucceeded  to  the 
title  of  Baronet,  which  bad  devolved  ou 
hit  brother  on  the  death  of  Thomat 
Earl  of  Wilton  in  1814  (tee  the  biogra- 
phical  notice  of  Sir  John  in  our  vul.acv. 
ii.  85).  On  tbe  15th  of  July  fuUowiiig^ 
he  reieivfd  the  royal  license  to  bear  the 
name  of  Grey  before  that  of  Egerton, 
and  to  quarter  (he  arrot  of  Grey  de 
Wilton,  and  alto  to  ute  and  bear  tbe 
tame  tupportert  allusive  to  that  family, 
which  had  been  granted  to  bit  brother 
in  1815,  in  commemoration  of  hit  de- 
tcent  from  Bridget,  titter  and  co-heirett 
to  tbt  latt  Baron  of  that  name,  who  wat 
the  wile  of  Sir  Rowland  Egerton,  tbe 
firtt  Baronet. 

Sir  Philip  Grey  Egerton  married,  Sept. 
14,  1804,  Rebecca,  daughter  of  Jamet 
Dupri,  of  Whitton  Park,  in  Bucking- 
hamihire,  Etq.  and  bad  ittue  Ave  tont  and 
five  daugbten  .  1.  Sir  Pbilip-de-Malpat, 
born  in  1806,  (and  to  named  from  the 
B^iront  of  Malpat,  tbe  earliett  proge- 
niturt  of  the  family),  who  bat  tucceeded 
to  the  Baronetcy,  and  it  a  Gentleman- 
commoner  and  B.A.  of  Chrittcburch, 
Oxford  I  9.  Mary- Anne-Elisabeth  )  3. 
Charlrt-Dupri  )  4.  John-Francit  |  5. 
William-Henry  ;  6.  Madelina,  died  in 
1813;  7.  Richard-Caledon  t  8.  Eglan- 
tine ;  9>  Fanny-Sarah  ;  and  10.  Re- 
beccaXatberine. 


Sir  Richard  Brdingprld,  Bart. 

Nov.  99.  At  Windtor,  when  on  bit 
way  to  London  from  a  vitit  to  Lord 
Dillon  at  Ditchley,  of  apopleay,  aged  69, 
Sir  Richard  Bedingfeld,  tbe  fifth  lUronet 
of  Oaburgh  in  Norfolk ;  father-in-law 
to  Lord  Pet  re,  and  brother-in-law  to 
Lord  Stafford. 

Sir  Richard  wat  the  repretentatlvc  of 
a  dittinguithcd  Roman  Catholic  family, 
which  hat  for  teveral  fenerationt  formed 
alliancct  with  tome  of  the  nott  illut- 
triotia  fanillet  of  tbt  pecragt;  and  waa 


80. 


Obitua«y.— /?ir  /?*  BefHngfeld;  Bart,  8(C.  Stc. 


[Jan. 


tbeonly  child  of  Sir  Richard  the  fourth 
Baronet,  by  the  Hon.  Mary  Brownei 
only  daughter  of  Anthony  sorenth  Vis- 
count Mont  aj(<i.  He sucoeeded  hns  father' 
M«rch  17»  1795,  and  married  on  the 
ITtb  of  the  following  June,  Charlotte^' 
Georgranai  only  dauf^hterof  Sir  William 
Jernmgham,  the- fifth  Baronet  of  Cossey 
in  Norfollc,  (by  tlie  Hon.  Frances  Dillony 
aunt  to  tlie  present  Viscount  Dillon,) 
and  sister'to  the  present  Lord  Staff6rd. 
They  bad  issue  four •sotts  and  fdur  daugh- 
ters t-1.  Frances- Cli  a  riot  te,  married  in' 
1815  to  William- Francis- Henry  the  pre- 
sent and  11th' Lord  PetrCy  and  died  Jan. 
30,1823$  2.  Matilda-Mary,  married  in 
1820  to  SMnleyCary,  of  FuUaton  in  De^ 
vonsbire,  Esq. ;  3.  Agnes-Mary,  married 
in  1833  to  Thomas  Mulyneux  Seele,  of 
Hurst  House  in-  Lancashire,  Esq. ;  4.  Sir 
Henry-Richard  Bt^diiigfeld,  bcn-n  in  1800, 
who  has  succeeded  to  the  Baronetcy ; 
he  married  in-  1836,  Margaret-Anne, 
only  daughter  of  Edward  Paston,  of  Ap- 
pleton  in  Norfolk,  Esq.  ;  5.  Charlotte- 
Eliza  ;  6.  Charles-Richard,  an  officer  in 
the  Austrian  service;  7*  Edward-Ri- 
chard, a  midshipman,  R:N.  who  was 
drowned  at  sea  in  1833;  and  8.  Felix- 
William- George-Richard. 


Barbara,  and  died  in  the  year  I832r(iee 
vol;  XfHX.  if.  p;  380) ;  and'  6.  Charlotte; 
married  in  1819  to  Sir  Attbtin  the  prcH- 
s6nC  and  ceventb  Buroiiet'of  Ralfigh  in 
Deronsbirei  We  are  tiot  sure  whet  her  Sir ' 
James  Williams's  eldMt  son  Jamtss  sur^ 
vives  to  succeed  to  bis  title,  or  whethlsr- 
it  has  devolved  on  MMJof  Williams^-  mbo  ■ 
married  Lady  Mary  Port escue. 


Sir  J.  H.  Williams,  Bart. 

Dee.  3.  At  Clovelly  Court,  Devon- 
shircy  aged  64,  Sir  James  Hamlyn  Wil- 
liams, the  second  Baronet  of  that  place. 

Sir  James  was-  the  only  surrivlng  "son 
of  Sir  James  Hamlyn,  (whose  paternal 
name  was  Hiimmett,)  the  first  Baroner, 
and  M.P.  for  Carmartheirshire  from  1795 
to  1803,  by  habella,  fourth  daughter 
but  at  length  sdle  heir  of' Thomas  Wrl- 
liams,  of  Edwinsford,  co.  Carmarthen, 
E*q.  and  niece  to  Sir  Nicholas  Williams, 
Bart,  who  was  Lord  Lieutfnant  and 
Knight  in  Parliament- for  that  county  in 
the  reign  of  George  the  First. 

"The  deceased  received  the  Royal  li- 
cence-to assume  the  name  and  arms  of' 
WHIiams  only  in  1798.  In-  1803  his 
father  resigned  in  his  favour  the  repre- 
sentation of  the  cottnty  of  Carmarthen  ; 
but  ai.  the  nvxtg&ikeral  eleetion  in  IB06 
Sir  William  Paxton  »vas  elected.  Mr. 
Williams  succeeded  his  father  in  llle 
Baronetcy  May  38,  1811. 

Hfe  married,  July  S3,  1789,  Diana- 
Anne,  daughter  of  Abraham  Whittaker, 
of  Stratford  in  E«st*x,  £«q.  and  by  that 
laUy  bad 'issue  ;  I.  James,  who  was  for- 
merly a  Major  in  the  7tb  Hussars,  and 
married  Feb.  15,  1836,  Lady-MaryFor- 
tcABcue,  fourth  daughter  of-  Eari  Fortes- 
rue;  3.  the  Rev.  Olrlando,  Rtctor  of 
Cr^Telly ;  4.  Diana;  5. Arabella,  whiVbe- 
came  in  ld3<y'the'  third  wife  xif- Lord 


Sir  R.  B.  db  Capell  Brooke^  Bart. 

J^ov.9rf.    At  Great  Oakley  in^Nbr-" 
thamptonsUire,   in  his  73nd    year,  Sl^* 
Richard  Brooke  de  Capelt  Brooke,  of  that 
place,  Bart.  Colonel  of  the  Northamp- 
tonshire Mflitia,  and  r.R.S. 

The  paternal  name  of  (his  gentleman  ■■ 
was  Supple,  he  being  the  only  child  of ' 
Richard  Supple  of  Aghadoe,  co.  Cork, 
Esq.  by  Marf,  daughter  and  heires<  of  * 
Arthur  Brooke, Esq.  the  descendant  of  an  ' 
ancient  Northaroptonsbire  family.    On 
the  death  of  his  father  in  1797  Richard 
Brooke  Supple,  Esq.  obtained  the  royal 
licence  to  assume  the  name  of  Brooke, 
as  directed  by  the  will  of  bts  great  uncle 
Wheeler  Brooke,  esq.  and  at  the- same 
time  to  change   that  of  Supple  to  de 
Capell,  that  being 'considered  to  be  the' 
orighial    orthography    of '  bit    paternal 
name.    Philip  de  Capell,  who  went' to 
Ireland  with  Robert  Fitxstepben^  temp. 
Henry  II.  was  rewarded  "with  the  estate  of 
Aghadoe,  co.  Cbrk,  to  be  beld'by  knight*! 
servrce,  and  the  payment  of  a  pair  of 
spurs  at  Easter  at  Dubllh  castle ;  and 
that  estate,  subject  to  the  same  qiiit'-rrnt, 
bus  descended  in  tb^  family  to'tbe  pre- 
sent time. 

Sir  Richard  was  created  a  Bkronet  by 
patent  dated  June  :)0,  1803;  be  mar« 
ried  Ang.  18,  1788,  Mary,  only  child  and 
heiress  of  Major-Gen.  Richard  Wbrge, 
Colontl  of  the  8th  foivt,  by  whom  he 
had  two  sons.  Sir  Arthtir,'  who  hat  stio- 
ceeded  to  the  Baronetcy,  born  in  1791 » 
and  is  a  Lieutenant  in  the  Royal  borte 
guards;  and  William,  borrl  in*180l-; 
and  four  daughters,  Mary-Aftne/$oi)hia> 
Louisa,  and  Augusta. 


Sir  Wm.  Fowls  Mi odlbton,  Bart. 

Dee.  36.  At  his  seat,  Shrubland  Park; 
near  Ipswich;  aged  80.  Sir  William  Fowie 
Mhldleton,  Bart,  a  Deputy  Lieutenant 
and  Magistrate  for  Stlffulk. 

Sir  William  was  a  native  of  South 
Carolina,  and  was  born  on  the  19th  of 
Sept.  I74J,  the  eldest  son  of  Wflliam 
Middleton;  Elsq.(son  of  AnUur,soitie>ifiie 
Governor  of  that  Colony,  and  whotlied 
about  1737)  by  his  third' wife  Sarab^ 
daitghfer  ol  Morton  Wilkiiiaon.  At  an 
early  period  of  life,  he  was  removed  to 


imo.] 


Obituakt. — Sir  W.  PowU  MiildUion,  Bart. 


81 


this  county*  wbtr*  bit  family  was  reti- 
cent, and  placed  at  the  Free  Granmar 
School  of  St.  Edmund's  Bury,  then  un- 
der I  be  able  and  Judicious  superintend- 
cnce  of  tbat  aeeomplished  scbolar,  tbe 
Rev.  Robert  Gariibaro.    From  tbeitce  be 
was   removed  to  Caius    Colle|;e,  Cam- 
bridge, «ibere  be  resided  for  some  time  ; 
and,  on  leavinf  tbe  Uni versify,  was  ap- 
pointed  to  a  company  in  the   Eatteni 
Battalion  of  tbe  Suffolk  Militia.    In  1786 
be  offered  himself  a  candidate  for  the 
repreftcniation  of   Jps«irh,    in    which, 
after  a  slronf^  contest,  he  proved  un* 
succes«rul.     In  I78S  he  served  the  of- 
fice  of  WigU  Sheriff  of  the  county  j  in 
which  year  it  was  unanimously  resolved 
at  a  general  meetioic,  hulden  at  Stow- 
market  on  the  Sth  of  August,  to  build, 
by  voluntary  subscription,  a  ship  of  war 
of  74  guns,  for  the  service  of  goveni- 
ment.     Ou  Sir  William,  as  hlieriff  and 
Chairman,  devolved  the  management  of 
thi<  public  measure,  and  he  received  the 
thaoksof  the  Committee,  "  for  bis  noble 
and  spirited  exertions  on  the  occasion." 
On  tbe  3d  of  April  1784  be  was  elected 
a  Burgess  in  parliament  for  the  borough 
of  Ipswich,  by  a  vtry  large  and  decided 
majority  ;  and,  in  the  following  year, 
was  chosen  one  of  its  Bttliffs.     At  the 
general  elections  in  1790  and  1796,  be 
Mood  severe  contests  for  that  borough; 
but  in  both  instances  was  unsuccessful. 
In   1803,   however,  on   tlie  decease  of 
Charles-Alexander  Crickiti,  Eiq.  he  was 
again  elected,  without  opposition,  ai>d 
duriog    that    parliament  be    was  cre- 
ated a  Baronet,  by  patent  dated  June 
8,   1804.     At  the  general  election    in 
1806,  be  was  returned  to  parliament  as 
a  Baron  for  tbe  cinque  port  of  Hastings  i 
but  be  closed  bis  senatorial  career  with 
tbe  dissolution  in  I80T« 

Dtiring  the  late  war.  Sir  William  was 
Cor  many  years  Major  and  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  Commandant  of  the  Bosmere 
andClaydon  Volunteer  Infantry  i  acorpe 
which  was  trained  and  disciplined  undi;r 
bis  immediate  inspection.  In  1881  he 
was  chosen,  a  second  time,  one  of  the 
Bailiffs  of  l|»swieb.  In  IbSS  the  royal 
licence  and  authority  was  granted  to 
him,  and  dame  Harriot  his  wife,  to  as- 
auBM  the  name  of  Fowle,  to  be  used  be- 
fore that  of  Middleton,  in  rompliance 
with  tbe  last  will  of  John  Fowle,  of 
Broome  tn  Norfolk,  Esq. 

During  tbe  whole  period  of  a  long 
life,  Sir  WUliam  was  ;ilniost  a  constant 
icttdcnt  in  Suffolk  {  and,  as  a  country- 
fenttemao,  motC  laiMlably  devoted  bit 
attention  to  agricultural  pursuit^,  and 
Uie  improvement  of  bis  estates )  to  tb« 

GanT.  M40.  Jamtmrjft  1830. 

11 


employment  of  tbe  poor,  and  tbe  amelio- 
ration of  their  condition.  As  a  pubUe 
man  be  was  active  and  alert  on  every 
occasion  that  called  him  to  tbe  post  of 
public  duty  t  firm  and  consistent  in  bis 
support  of  tbe  cause  of  liberty  civil  aitd 
religious,  and  sincere  in  his  attachment 
to  the  principles  established  at  the  Revo- 
lution. In  the  discharge  of  the  varloua 
and  important  functions  of  tbe  magis- 
trate, bii  conduct  was 'prompt,  impar- 
tial, and  decided ;  ever  alive  to  the  calla 
of  Justice,  and  ready  to  listen  to  the 
poor  man's  complaint.  To  bis  friends 
he  was  sincere  and  attached;  and  to  bis 
numerous  tenantry  indulgent  and  con- 
siderate. As  a  Member  of  the  House  of 
Commons,  his  sentiments  were  liberal 
and  enlirged,  and  his  conduct  firm  and 
independent ;  modelled  on  the  priiiri- 
pies  of  Mr.  Fox,  fur  whose  great  talents 
and  enlightened  system  of  policy  he  en- 
tertained the  highest  veneration. 

Sir  William  married  in  1774,  Harriot, 
dMiiKhter  of  the  late  Nathaniel  Acton, 
of  Br4mfurd  Hall,  in  Suffolk,  Esq.  and 
had  iuue  one  son  and  two  daughters  : 
I.  Sir  William-Fuwle  Fowle-Middleton, 
who  has  succeeded  to  the  title,  born  in 
1784,  and  married  in  l8iS  to  tbe  Hon. 
Anne  Cost,  the  youngest  sister  of  Earl 
Brownlow ;  8.  Harriot,  married  to  Charles 
Dashwood,  of  Stanfield  in  Lincolnshire, 
Esq.  and  is  since  deceased;  3.  Louisa, 
married  in  1803  to  Sir  Philip  Bowes  Vera 
Broke,  of  Broke  Hall,  Suffolk,  Bart,  and 
K.  C.  B.  a  Captain  in  tbe  Royal  Navy. 


Sir  W.  C.  db  Crbspiqnv,  Baiit. 

Dec.  S8.  At  bis  seat.  Champion  Lodge, 
Camberwcll,  aged  nearly  65,  Sir  William 
Champion  de  Cresplgny,  the  second  Ba- 
ronet of  that  place,  a  magistrate  for 
Surrey  and  Hampshire,  LL.B*and  F.S.A. 

Sir  William  was  born  Jan.  1765,  tbe 
only  son  of  Sir  Claude  Champion  de  Crea- 
pigny,  LL.D.  tbe  first  Baronet,  (so  cre- 
ated in  1805,]  by  Mury,  sole  daughter 
and  heiress  of  Joseph  Clark,  Esq.  He  was 
riill  hit  death]  amemberof  Trinity  Hall, 
Cambridge,  where  bis  father  bad  been  a 
Fellow,  and  took  tbe  degree  of  LL.B.  in 
1786.  He  succeeded  to  the  Baronetcy 
on  tbe  death  of  bis  father,  who  died  at 
the  age  of  83,  Jan.  S8,  1818.  He  was 
returned  M.P.  for  Southampton  at  the 
General  Elect  ions  of  1 8 1 8  and  1 8S0 1  but 
at  that  of  1896  Mr.  Dottin  was  chosen. 
Sir  William  was  Provincial  Grand  Master 
of  tbe  Freemasons  nf  Hampshire}  be 
also  held  the  commist ion  of  Lieutenant- 
Colonel  in  tbe  Surrey  Volunteers. 

Sir  William   married   Aug.  4,  1786« 


8^ 


Obituary. — Sir  9V.  C  de  Crtipigny^  Bart. 


[Jaii. 


Lady  Sarah  Windsor,*  4th  and  youngest 
daughter  of  Other  Lewis  fourth  Earl  of 
Plymouth  ;  and  by  that  Udy,  who  died 
Sept.  39,  1835,  had  issue  five  sons  and 
as  many  daughters :  1.  Claude,  who  died 
ft  Lieutenant  ItN.  in  1813  ;  2.  Wiliiam- 
Other-Robert,  who  died  holding  a  simi- 
lar commission  June  34,1816;  3.  Au- 
gustus James  Champion,  a  Captain  in  the 
tame  service  ;  he  married  May  39t  1817> 
Caroline,  younger  daughter  of  Sir  Wil- 
liam Smijth,  the  seventh  and  late  Baro- 
net of  Hill  Hall  in  E<8ex,  and  died  Oct. 
84,  1835,  leaving  Sir  Claude-William- 
Champion  de  Crespigny,  born  in  1818, 
who  has  now  succeeded  his  grandfather 
in  the  Baronetcy  ;  and  other  children  ; 
4.  the  Rev.  Heaton-Cbampion,  Rector  of 
Stoke  Doyle,  Northamptonshire,  and 
Vicar  of  Neatesbead,  Nurfolk  ;  he  mar- 
ried in  1830  Caroline,  youngest  daughter 
of  Bishop  Bathurst,  and  has  issue ;  5. 
Mary,  deceased  ;  6.  Patience-Anne,  mar- 
ried in  1814  to  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  Paul- 
Anthony  Irhy,  brother  to  the  present 
Lord  Boston,  and  Kector  of  Cottesbrooke 
and  Whiston,  co.  Northampton ;  7.  Fran- 
ces, who  died  an  infant ;  8.  Mar}--Cathe- 
rinei  g.  Emma-Honoria ;  and  10.  Her- 
bert, of  the  Inner  Temple. 


Admiral  Sir  George  Montagu. 

Dec,  34.  At  his  seat,  St o well  Lodge, 
Wiltshire,  aged  79>  Sir  George  Mon- 
tagu, G.  C.  B.  Admiral  of  the  Red. 

Sir  George  Montagu  was  bcm  Dec. 
13, 1750,  the  eldest  son  f  of  Admiral  John 
Montagu,  (great  grandson  of  the  Hon. 
Jam*^8  Montagu,  of  Lackham  in  Wilt- 
shire, third  son  of  Henry,  first  Earl  of 
Manchester,]  by  Sophia,  daughter  of 
James  Wroughton,^  Esq.  He  went  to 
the  Royal  Naval  Academy  at  Ports- 
mouth in  1763,  and  thence  entered  (he 
Preston,  of  50  guns,  having  the  flag  of 
Rear  Admiral  William  Parry,  and  com- 
manded by  Captain  (afterwards  Lord) 
Gardner.  In  that  ship  he  proceeded  to 
the  Jamaica  station,  where  be  continued 

*  Whose  eldest  sister  was  Lady  Ca- 
therine, the  wife  of  Sir  James  Tilncy 
Long  ;  this  connection  brought  Sir  Wil- 
liam de  Crespigny's  name  so  frequently 
before  the  public  in  the  recent  legal  ar- 
rangements relative  to  Mjr.  Wellesley's 
cbildreo,  to  whom,  as  a  great  uncle  by 
marrtaei>,  he  was  appointed  a  guardian. 

f  His  brother  Bdward  was  Co!unel  of 
Artillery  in  the  Bengal  Establishment, 
and  died  in  I79d-  Captain  Jamet  Mon- 
tagu, 'another  brother,  commanded  the 
Montagu,  "74,  at  the  battle  of  the  glo- 
rib'tir  June  f**  1794,  and  wai  the  ooJy 
officer  of  hit  rank  then  slain. 


upwards  of  three  years  {  and  thence  re- 
turned to  England  with  the  latter  officer 
in  the  Levant  frigate,  in  1770. 

.Soon  after  his  arrival,  Mr.  Montagu 
was  made  a  Lieutenant,  and  appointed 
to  the  Marlborough,  of  74  guns;  from 
which  ship  he  removed  into  the  Captain, 
another  third-rate,  bearing  the  flag  of  hit 
father,  then  a  Rear-AdminJy  with  whom 
he  went  to  America ;  where  he  obtained 
the  rank  of  Commander  in  the  King- 
fisher sloop  of  war ;  and  from  that  ves- 
sel was  promoted  to  the  command  of 
the  Fo^ey,  of  30  gun*.  His  )iost  com- 
mission bore  date  April  15,  1773. 

At  the  commencement  of  the  conteti 
with  our  trans-Atlantic  colonies,  Capt. 
M.  was  employed  in  the  arduous  service 
of  blockading  the  porta  of  Marblehead 
and  Salem,  on  which  station  he  cofiti- 
nued  during  a  whole  winter,  and  bad 
the  good  fortune  to  capture  the  Wash* 
ington,  a  brig  of  10*  guiit,  the  first  vet" 
sel  of  war  sent  to  sea  by  the  American 
Slates.  Her  crew,  70  in  number,  were 
sent  to  England  as  rebels  ;  but,  instead 
of  being  banged,  as  they  were  considered 
to  deserve  and  expect,  they  were  there 
well  clothed  and  set  at  liberty. 

Capt.  Montagu  was  subsequently  en- 
trusted, by  Vice-Admiral  Shuldham, 
with  the  diflicult  and  important  duty  of 
covering  the  retreat  and  embarkation 
of  the  army  under  Sir  W.  Howe,  at  the 
evacuation  of  Boston.  The  enemy  hav- 
ing thrown  up  strong  works,  command'^ 
ing  the  town  and  harbour,  the  Vice- 
Admiral  dropped  down  to  Nantatket'^ 
road  with  the  line-of-battle  ships,  leav* 
ing  the  whole  arrangement  and  eiiecu- 
tion  of  this  service  to  Capt.  Montaga» 
who  received  the  thanks  of  the  General 
in  a  very  flattering  manner,  through  hie 
brother.  Lord  Howe,  when  he  assumed* 
the  chief  command  on  the  coast  of  Ame- 
rica. 

We  next  find  our  officer  serving  in 
the  rhrer  Chesapeake,  i»here  he  rescued- 
Lord  Dun  more  and  family,  and  also 
prevented  Governor  Eden,  of  Maryland, 
from  falling  into  the  bands  of  the  enemy. 
The  Fowey  was  subsequently  stationed 
by  Lord  Howe  as  the  Ndvanced  ship  at 
the  siege  of  New  York;  toon  after  the 
reduction  of  which  place,  Capt.  M.  re- 
turned to  England  in  a  very  ill  state  of 
health. 

In  1779.  the  Romney,  of  50  gunt,- 
which  ship,  bearing  his  father't  flag  at 
NewfouncUand,  he  had  commanded  for 
a  period  of  two  years,  being  ordered  to 
receive  the  broad  pendant  of  Commodorw- 
Jobnttoiie,Capt.,Moiitagtt  was  appointed 
to  tbe  Pearl  frigate,  and  hurried  to  sea,* 
on  a  pressing -and  important  tervice« 
before  bis  crew  t<mld  be  either  watched 


1830] 


Obiiuait. — Jdm,  Sir  George  Montagu. 


as 


or  quarttrcil,  »iiU  only  ten  men  «bo 
bad  been  in  a  thip  of  war  before.  On 
tbe  I4tb  Sept.  about  four  wfcks  afier 
bU  departure  from  port,  be  Ml  hi  wiib, 
and  alter  a  K^ll^nt  act iuii  of  too  bourt, 
.  vblcb  **  stamped  bis  name  «iib  a  eulogy 
far  beynnd  any  ibiti|(  tbat  even  a  partial 
pen  ouuld  say,"  captured  tbe  Santa  Mo- 
nica, «  Spaiiiib  frigate  of  38  guns,  900 
tonSf  and  980  men,  38  of  wbum  were 
•tain  and  45  woundrd,  1*be  Pearl 
MBoonted  tbe  same  number  of  guns  as 
ber  opponent,  but  was  only  700  tons 
burtben,  and  bad  a  eery  small  pro|ior- 
tion  of  seamen  among  ber  crew,  wbieb 
consisted  of  990,  officers,  men,  and  boys. 
Her  loss  on  tbis  occasion  was  twelve 
killed  and  nineteen  wuunded. 

Towards  tbe  latter  end  of  tbe  tame 
year,  Capt.  Montagu  tailed  witb  Sir  G. 
D.  Rodney  to  the  relief  of  Gibraltar,  and 
was  eonseqtfently  present  at  tbe  capture 
of  tbe  Caraeea  convoy,  with  wbieb  he 
returned  to  England,  in  company  witb 
tbe  Africa,  64.    Some  time  after  this 
ev%nt,  he  was  ordered  fo  America,  with 
intrlligence  of  a  French  squadron,  with 
troops  on  biiard,  being  about  to  sail  from 
Frxficf-,  fur  the  purpose  of  making  an 
-attack  upon  New  York.     The  fleet  on 
tbat  station,  uri'ier  Vice-Adm.  Arbutb- 
not,  having  proceeded  with  Sir  Henry 
Clinton's  army  to  besiege  Charlestnwn, 
In  Sooth  Carolina,  Capt.  Montagu,  on 
his  arrival,  found  himself  senior  ofJScer 
at  New  York,  and  the  security  of  that 
place  necessarily  dependent  on  bis  exer- 
tions.    From  thence  he  went  on  a  cruise 
off  Bermuda ;  and,  on  tbe  30tb  Sept. 
captured  TCsperance,  a  French  frigate 
of  the  lame  tonnage  as  bit  former  prise, 
with  a  valuable  cargo,    from  St.  Do- 
mingo bound  to  Bourdeaux,  of  39  guns, 
and  nearly  900  men.     The  ship  made 
an   obstinate  defence,    maintaining    a 
close  art  ion  of  two  buurs,  in  which,  and 
in  a  running  flght  of  equal  duration, 
sbe  had  twenty  of  her  crew  killed,  and 
twenty-four  wounded.    Tlie  Pearl's  Iota 
was  only  sia  ilain  and  ten  wounded. 

On  tbe  !6ih  March,  1781 ,  Capt.  Mon- 
tagu  was  in  company  with  tbe  squadron 
under  Vice-Adm.  Arbutbnot,  when  that 
officer  encountered  M.  de  Temay,  then 
on  bis  way  to  co-operate  wiih  a  detach- 
ment of  tlie  American  army  in  an  attack 
npon  Brig.-Gen.  Arnold,  whose  corps 
bad  nearly  overrun  tbe  whole  province 
of  Virginia.  Unfortunately,  a  thick 
baae,  together  witb  tbe  disabled  condi- 
ti«>«  of  the  three  ships,  on  which  the 
brunt  of  tbe  engagement  chiefly  fell, 
rendered  it  impossible  for  the  British 
squadron  to  pnrsus  tbe  advantage  it  bad 
gained,  and  tbe  cooictt  was  conse- 
^eeiitly  intltctitve. 


Capt.  Montagu's  abilities  and  geal 
were  by  tbia  time  so  highly  and  gene- 
rally appreciated,  tbat  when,  in  October 
following,  Rear-Adm.  Graves,  who  bad 
succeeded  to  tbe  chief  command  of  tbe 
naval  force  employed  on  tbe  American 
station,  meditated  an  attack  upon  tbe 
French  armament  under  Count  deGrasse, 
then  lying  at  the  entrance  of  the  York 
river,  be  appointed  the  Pearl  to  lead 
bis  fleet:  unfortunately,  however.  Earl 
Cornwallis  bad  been  obliged  to  capitu- 
late before  bis  arrival,  and  the  ente^ 
prixe  was  contequenily  abandoned.— 
Capt.  Montagu  returned  to  England  in 

1789,  in  a  shattered  state  of  bealtb,  and 
paid  off  tbe  Pearl. 

During  the   Spanish  armament.    In 

1790,  Capt.  Montagu  obtained  tbe  com- 
mand of  tbe  Hector,  74 ;  and,  at  tbe 
commencement  of  tbe  war  witb  France* 
in  1793,  he  accompanied  Rear-Admiral 
Gardner  to  Barbadoes,  and  was  subse- 
quently  despatched,  in   company   with 
tbe  Hannibal,  74,  to  reinforce  the  squad- 
ron on  the  Jamaica  station.    Towards 
the  dote  of  the  year  he  convoyed  home 
a  large  fleet  of  West  Indiamen  {  and  on 
bis  arrival  at  Spit  head  be  was  placed 
under  the  orders  of  Commodore  Pa«lej, 
with   whom,  and   Rear-AJm.   M'Bride* 
be  cruiied  in  tbe  channel  till  bis  pro- 
motion  to  a  flag,    which    took   place 
April    19,    1794,    when   be  joined  tbe 
grand  fleet,  at  that  period  commanded 
by  Carl  Howe.     Early  in  the  following 
month  he  was  detached  with  a  squadron 
to  escort  the  outward-bound  East  India 
fleet,  and  other  convoys,  amounting  in 
the  whole  to  about  four  hundred  sail,  as 
far  to  the  southward  as  Cape  Finisterrt. 
After  tbe  performance  of  tbit  important 
service,  be  cruised  for  some  days  to  tbe 
northward  of  Cxpe  Ortega!,  and,  pre- 
viously to  bis  return  to  port,  captured 
a  French  corvette,  of  99  guns  and  140 
men,   and  retook   several  British   and 
Dutch  merchantmen. 

Early  in  June,  he  wat  again  ordered 
to  sea  for  tl>e  purpose  of  reinforcing 
Lord  Howe,  as  well  as  to  look  out  for  a 
valuable  convoy  coming  from  Americay 
and  hound  to  the  western  coast  of 
France,  the  capture  or  destruction  of 
which,  at  tbat  critical  period,  wat  deemed 
an  object  of  the  utmost  importance.  On 
the  8ih  of  that  mouth,  being  off  Usbani, 
witb  eight  74  gun  ships,  one  64,  and 
several  frigates,  be  discovered  a  French 
squadron,  consisting  of  one  3-decker, 
seven  74's  and  one  other  two-decked 
ship,  which  he  pursued  until  they  got 
dote  under  the  land,  and  some  of  them 
into  Brett  Water,  where  two  other  ships, 
supposed  to  be  of  the  line,  were  tbeaat 
anchor.    At  seven  a.  m.  on  the  fpUe'w- 


64 


OBiTUARY.-^i^dm.  Sir  George  Montagu. 


[Jan, 


ing  day,  the  fleet,  under  M.  VilUret 
Joyeute,  appeared  in  tight  to  the  west- 
ward, standing  in  for  the  land,  with  the 
wind  about  north.  Rear-Adm.  Mon- 
tagu, perceiving  that  the  enemy  had 
fourteen  effective  line-of-battle  ships 
(one  of  which  was  a  flrsi-rate)  indepen- 
dent of  five  others  which  had  been  dis- 
abled in  the  recent  battle  with  Lord 
Howe,  besides  frigates,  &r. ;  aware  of 
the  ease  willi  which  those  he  bad  chased 
on  the  preceding  evening  might  have 
formed  a  junctiun  with  this  superior 
force,  and  fearing  that  his  stfrnmost 
ships  would  not  he  able  to  weather  the 
French  line,  tacked  to  the  eastward  in 
order  of  battle,  and  then  gradually  edged 
away  to  the  southward,  with  the  view 
of  drawing  M.  Joyeuse  off  the  land,  and 
getting  his  own  squsdron  in  as  eliphle 
a  situation  as  possible  to  act  against  the 
enemy,  if  an  opportunity  should  offer 
itself,  but  his  adversary  kept  bis  ships  so 
close  connected,  and  guarded  with  so 
much  care  those  which  were  disabled, 
that  the  Rear-Admiral  had  it  not  in  his 
power  to  take  any  step  that  was  in  the 
least  degree  likely  to  contribute  to  the 
public  service.'  The  French  commander 
stood  after  the  British  for  about  five 
hours,  and  then  hauled  to  the  wind  on 
the  larboard  tack,  whilst  Rear-Admiral 
Montagu  stood  to  the  north-west  in  the 
bopei  of  meeting  Earl  Howe.  His 
Lordship,  however,  was  then  on  his 
way  to  Spithead,  with  his  prises  taken 
on  the  I  St  of  that  month  ;  and  our  offi- 
cer, understanding  that  it  was  his  wish 
that  the  fleet  should  assemble  at  Ply- 
mouth, anchored  with  his  division  in 
Cawsand  Bay  on  the  13th. 

Having  informed  the  Admiralty  of  his 
arrival,  and  requested  permission  to 
come  on  shore  for  the  recovery  of  his 
health,  which  was  considerably  affected 
by  the  tidings  of  the  death  of  his  brother, 
Capt.  James  Montagu,  who  had  fallen 
in  the  late  battle,  he  received  that  per- 
mission from  the  Secretary  of  that  Buard, 
its  President  the  Earl  of  Chatham,  and 
the  veteran  nobleman  under  whose  orders 
be  was  then  serving,  in  some  flattering 
letters  which  are  printed  in  Marshall's 
Royal  Navtl  Biography. 

From  this  period,  with  the  exception 
of  his  being  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
Vice-Admiral,  un  the  1st  June,  I795, 
we  find  no  fort  her  mention  of  this  officer 
until  March,  I799>  when  Lord  Spencer, 
then  at  the  head  of  naval  affairs,  offered 
him  the  command  at  the  Nore,  which 
be  declined,  thinking  it  beneath  his 
rank.  In  the  following  year,  the  Earl 
of  St.  Vincent  applied  for  him  to  be 
attached  to  the  Channel  fleet;  but, 
befort  his  application  reached  the  Ad* 


miralty,  the  appointment  was  given  to 
another  officer ;  and,  although  the  gal- 
lant Nelson,  with  whom  he  was  not  then 
personally  acquainted,  proposed  him  aa 
his  successor  in  the  Baltic,his  flag  was  not 
a?ain  hoisted  till  the  summer  of  1803* 
During  the  ensuing  fire  years  and  a  haK» 
'  a  period  of  active  war,  he  held  the  chief 
command  at  Portsmouth,  and  executed 
the  arduous  duties  of  that  office  to  the 
full  and  entire  satisfaction  of  the  differ- 
ent Boards  of  Admiralty.  Whilst  there, 
his  present  Majesty  (then  Prince  of 
Wales)  honoured  that  town,  a  secoml 
time,  with  his  presence,  and  previously 
to  his  departure  dined  with  the  Admiral, 
who  afterwards  received  the  followlnf^ 
highly  flattering  letter:— 

«  Sir,        Portsmouth^  Sep]  14,  1803. 

I  am  commanded  by  the  Prince  of 
Wales  to  express  the  high  satisfaction 
H.  R.  H.  experienced  in  bis  visit  to  the 
fleet  yesterday.  The  great  skill  and 
undaunted  courage  which  has  been  so 
brilliantly  displayed  by  the  officera  and 
men  in  all  quarters  of  the  world,  render 
any  remark  from  H.  R.  H.  superfluous,, 
but  which  alone  has  been  produced  by 
the  state  of  discipline  and  subordination 
so  Justly  the  admiration  of  all  Europe^ 
The  Prince  of  Wales  further  commanda 
me  to  say  how  sensible  H.  R.  H.  is  of 
your  and  Admiral  Holloway's  attention^ 
as  well  as  the  Captains  of  the  Fleet. 

*'  I  have  the  honour  to  be.  Sir,  your 
most  faithful  and  obedient  servant, 

B.  Bloompibld.*' 

In  Aug.  1810,  a  large  body  of  Cap- 
tains, who  had  fitted  out  at  Portsmotitb, 
whilst  he  commanded  there,  presented 
Admiral  Montagu  with  a  snperb  piece 
of  plate,  as  "  A  tribute  of  their  respeet 
and  esteem  I"  He  was  advanced  to  the 
rank  of  full  Admiral,  Jan.  I,  1801 ;  and 
nominated  a  G.  C  B.  Jan.  3,  1815^ 
He  subsequently  published  a  pamphlet, 
dedicated  to  his  Majesty,  and  entitled 
**  A  Refutation  of  the  incorrect  state- 
ments, and  unjust  insinuations,  con- 
tained in  CaptHin  Brenfon's  Naval  His- 
tory of  Great  Britain,  as  far  as  the  same 
refers  to  the  conduct  of  Admiral  Sir 
George  Montagu  ;  in  a  letter  addressed 
to  the  author."  A  perusal  of  the  fore- 
going Memoir,  (remarks  the  author  of 
the  Royal  Naval  Biography,  from  which 
it  has  been  extracted,)  will  prove  to  the 
world  that  no  demerit,  much  less  dis- 
grace, is  to  be  attached  to  bis  professional 
character.  To  use  the  words  of  a  former 
biographer,  **  it  has  ever  been  free  from 
stain,  and  bit  actions,  like  himself,  ever 
generous,  brave,  and  praiseworthy." 

Sir  George  Montagu  marri^,  Oct.  9, 
1783,   hit  cousin,  Charlotte,  daughter 


ISSa]         OBiTUJkmT.— G<»«ro2  NieoUi^f^Gmeral  Garth. 


85 


and  oo-btirt««  of  George  Wroiightoii«  of 
Wileut,  in  Wilubirvy  E«q.  and  by  that 
lady,  who  tunrivet  bim,  bad  four  tont 
and  firm  daugbtcn:  I.  Georgtana,  osar- 
ried  Kng.  15,  1808,  to  the  precent  Viet- 
Adm.  Sir  Jobn  Gore,  K.  C  B. ;  9.  Char- 
lotte, died  in  I8IS{  8.  Lt.-Col.  Georf^e 
Wroui^hton,  who  bat  a«tniiicd  the  »ur- 
name  (»f  Wrotij^hfoti ;  4.  Jobn-William, 
Capt.  R.N.;  5.  Jamef,  Cnpt.  R.  N. ;  6. 
Sophia  t  7'  tbe  Rev.  Edward,  tiled  at 
Bifthop^tmw,  Wilts  Dfc.  99,  1890;  8. 
Sutaiina,  deceased;  and  9*  Anne,  who 
died  in  1807. 

Gbnrkal  Nicolls. 

Dec,  S.  At  Chirhrster,  afped  87,  Gen. 
Oliver  Nieollt,  Colonel  of  the  66th  regi- 
ment of  foot. 

Thit  officer  wat  appointed  Eniifrn  of 
the  Ut  foot  in  1756 ;  and  Lieutenant  in 
1760.  In  1768  he  went  to  Gibraltar; 
in  1773  was  promoted  to  a  company ; 
and  in  1775  returned  to  England.  In 
1780  be  went  out  to  the  West  Indiet, 
and  tcrred  on  hoard  the  fleet  till  the 
capture  of  St.  Euttatiut,  when  he  wit 
employed  by  the  late  Sir  John  Vaoghan 
to  inspect  and  report  upon  the  books  of 
Cbott  who  styled  tbemcelves  Eni^lith 
mercbantsi  he  afterwards  was  sent  home 
with  bis  report  to  the  Secretary  of  State. 
He  obtained  a  Mxjariiy  in  bis  refriment 
in  1781;  a  Lieut.-Coloni*lcy  in  1787; 
and  in  the  tame  yexr  he  was  removed  to 
the  45th.  In  Mxrcb  1789  he  embarked  to 
)oin  his  regiment  in  the  West  Indies;  and 
he  commanded  the  troops  in  the  Island 
of  Grenada  nearly  three  years,  under 
General  Matthew,  then  Commander-in- 
Chief  in  the  West  Indies.  He  received 
the  rank  of  Colonel  in  tbe  army  in  1794 1 
in  the  same  year  he  visited  England,  but 
in  December  again  embarkeil  for  the 
West  Indies,  where  be  was  appointed 
BrigadierGen.  and  also  Quarter- master- 
general.  He  was  sent  immediately  after 
to  the  Island  of  Grenada,  then  in  a  state 
of  insurrection,  and  which  he  succeeded 
in  restoring  to  order  and  tranquillity. 
He  was  appointed  Colonel  of  tbe  4th 
West  India  regiment  in  1795  ;  he  ob- 
tained the  rank  of  Maior-General,  and 
was  placed  on  tbe  StafiT  of  the  We«t  In- 
dies in  1796.  He  shortly  after  returned  to 
England,  and  was  appointed  to  the  Home 
Staff,  in  whirb  be  continued  till  he  re- 
moved to  tbe  Staff  of  the  E%st  Indiet; 
where  be  fur  some  time  held  the  chief 
command  at  Bombay.  He  received  the 
rank  of  Lieut.-Gencral  in  1803;  and, 
having  again  returned  to  England,  was 
next  placed  on  th«  Staff  of  the  Kent 
District.  He  vat  appointed  Colonel  of 
tho  54tb  foot  in  1807 1  of  the  66tb  foot 
ui  I80»s  andGtocna  1813. 


In  a  terviee  ol  upwards  of  seventy 
years,  this  officer  was  n^ver  on  half-pay« 
bit  teal  and  talents  baring  constantly 
recommended  him  for  active  employ- 
ment, until  his  official  duties  were  ne- 
cessarily suspended,  at  Arst  by  the  hlgli 
rank  he  had  attained,  and  afterwards  by 
the  infirmities  of  age.  During  the  latit 
ten  years  of  his  life.  General  Nicolls  re* 
sided  in  Chichester,  univi* rsally  beloved 
and  respected.  Although  dying  in  tho 
fulness  of  years,  he  will  be  most  sincerely 
regretted  by  his  friends,  both  in  his  pub- 
lic and  private  capacity!  tbe  King  bat 
lost  a  faithful  servant,  and  tociety  a  good 
man. 


General  Garth. 

A^ov.  18.  At  his  house  in  Grosvenor- 
place,  aged  85,  Thomas  Garth,  Esq.  Gc^ 
neral  in  his  Majesty's  service,  and  Colo- 
nel of  the  1st  or  Royal  Regiment  of 
Dragoons. 

This  gentleman  was  ton  of  Jobn  Garth, 
Esq.  R«*corder  of  Devif  et,  and  who  died 
when  M.  P.  for  that  borough  in  Dec. 
1764 ;  and  great-nephew  to  tbe  cele- 
brated Sir  Samuel  Ganh,  Physician  in 
Ordinary  to  King  George  tbe  First.  He 
had  two  elder  brothers,  Charles  Garth, 
E«q.  who  wat  Recorder  of  Devises,  and 
M.  P.  for  that  borough  from  1765  to 
1780,  when  be  was  made  a  Commif- 
sioner  of  the  Excise,  and  who  died  at 
Walthamstow,  March  9»  1784;  and  Ge- 
neral i;eorge  Garth,  Colonel  of  the  17th 
foot,  who  died  in  1819. 

General  Thomas  Garth  entered  the 
army  in  1769  as  Comet  in  the  1st  dra- 
goons. He  served  tbe  compaign  of  that 
year  in  Germany,  in  the  allied  army, 
under  the  command  of  Prince  Ferdinand. 
In  1765  be  obtained  a  Lieutenancy,  and 
in  1775  a  Captaincy  in  his  regiment. 
In  1779. he  exchanged  into  the  90ih  light 
dragoons,  and  went  to  the  West  Indiet 
in  the  intended  expedition  to  the  Spanish 
Main,  which  was  anticipated  by  Lieut.- 
Gen.  Sir  James  Darling,  tbe  Lieut.-Go- 
vemor  of  Jamaica.  In  1799  Capt.  Garth 
returned  to  this  country,  and  was  re- 
duced to  half-pay  with  tbe  other  officers 
of  his  regiment ;  but  in  the  same  year  he 
obtained  the  Majority  of  the  2d  dragoon 
guards.  In  1794  be  was  appointed  Lieut.- 
Colonel  of  tbe  1st  dragoons;  he  served 
that  year  in  Flanders,  and  was  present 
at  the  greater  part  of  the  actions  from 
the  17th  of  April  to  the  dote  of  tbe 
campaign.  He  wat  next  appointed  Co* 
lonel  of  tbe  Sussex  Fencibles,  and  after- 
wards, on  the  death  of  Viscount  Field- 
ing in  17999  to  the  late  S9d  light  dra^ 
goons.  On  tbe  7th  Jan.  1801,  he  waa 
appointed  Cokmel  of  bis  original  r^gi- 


•B5 


Obituaily^— GtfJMnrZ  Garthj'^Ueut.'Gtu. 


[Jbn. 


menty  the  Itt  dragoons ;  be  receired  tbe 
rank  of  MA)or-Gen«ral  1798,  Lieut.-G«- 
nerAl  1806,  and  General  1H14« 

Recent  uiifortunatecircufnstiineetbfive 
made  the  marriage  of  Gen.  Garth  with 
A  U'dy  of  illustrious  birth,  much  more 
notorious  than  the  parties  desiri'd.  Tbe 
issue  of  the  marriage  was  one  son,  who 
•bears  his  father's  names,  and  is  a  Captain 
in  tbe  army.  He  was  the  c  bief  mourner 
at  his  father's  funeral,  whieh  took  place 
on  the  Sitb  Nov.  at  St.  Martin's-inthe- 
Fields. 

Tbe  will  of  General  Garth  was  proved 
on  the  lOih  of  December  in  tbe  Prero- 
gative Court  of  Canterbury.    It  is  dated 
the  l^tb  of  Septamher    \S99,   and   de- 
scribes the  testator  as  of  Grosvenor-place, 
in  the  county  of  Middlesex,  and  of  Pid- 
.dletown,  in  the  county  of  Dorset*  It  be- 
.queatbs  tbe  fee-farm  rents  of  his  estates 
in  Northamptonshire,  devised  to  the  tes- 
tator by. bis  sitter  Elizabeth  Gartb,  to 
his  nephew  Thomas  Garth,  a  Captain  in 
.the  Royal  Navy  (who  married  in  1890, 
Charlotte,  eki^st  daughter  of  L4«*utenaiit- 
Gen.  Fredierick  Maitland),  his  beirs  and 
asaigiii.  An  annoity  of  300/.  to  bis  niece, 
FranccA  Gartb, spinster  (who,  we  believe, 
was  .one  of  ik»  Maids  to  tbe   King^ 
^Herbwoman  at  tbe  Coronation  Procea- 
•ion  in  1890),  but  who  is  deceased,  since 
ber  uncle,  Jan.  I7>  in  Baker  street,  PorC- 
■lan-aquare.    A  moiety    of  an  annuity 
or  yearly  pension  of  3,000/.  granted  hy 
JUiig  Charles  II.  which  the  testator,  by  a 
(deedof  settlement, dated  l7(h  Nov.  IdSO, 
bad  settled  on  himself,  and  *<  in  certain 
aveiits,"  on  his  son,  Thomas  Gartb,  is  to 
be  paid  by  tbe  trustees  to  bis  sun,  and 
bis  lawful  issue t  and,  if  be  should  leave 
oo  issue,  then  to  the  aforeaaid  nephew 
of  the   testator,   Capt*  Thomas   Gartb, 
R.  N.   his  heirs   and  assigns.     He   be- 
queaths the  house,  3i,  Grosvenor-place, 
which  be  lately  purchased  t*£  Sir  Henry 
Hardliige,  to  bis  said  son,  Thos.  Garth, 
And  also  the  plate,  household  furniture, 
and  personal  effects  in  tbe  said  bouse,  and 
io  and  about  tbe  estate  at  Piddletown. 
The  will   then  directs  the  payment  of 
aundry  legacies :  *'  from  the  great  regard 
and  affection  which  1  have  entertained 
for  the  late  Charles  Boone,  Esq.  as  well 
as  for  his  daughter  Lady  Drumtaond 
[wife,  we  believe,  of  Sir  Gordon  Drum- 
mond,  G.  C.  B.]  1  beg  ber  Ladyship's  ac- 
ceptance of  100  guineas,  for  tbe  pur^ 
ehase  of  a  ring,  or  any  other  thing  she 
nay  ehuse,  as  a  mensorial  of  my  aibra- 
t  ion  ate  regard  for  ber ;  '*  to  Col.  Tbpt« 
Foster,   lOOi.  3  per  eeni,  consols;    to 
Mfcry,  wife  of  Tbomat  Legg,  an  annuity 
«f  301: 1  ttf  Wni.  LoveU,  of  Piddletown, 
10004  3  pir  ecnff. ;  to  each  of  hie  ser- 
tt«iil8  a  year's  waget;  tb  bii  at^apt 


Henry  Dtifall,  900/.  t  to  Eiisa  Lagg  aid 
Henry  Collier,  50/.  each  Spertemis*  TIm 
residue  of  the  testator's  property^  rtal 
and  personal,  to  bis  nephew,  Capt.  Tbot. 
Gartb,  R.  N.  who  is  appointed  eiecntor, 
with  another  nephew,  John  PuUertoo,  «f 
Thriberf-park,  Vorksbife,  Eiq.  to  wboti 
a  legacy  of  500t  is  left. 


LEitrr.-GBN.  Bingham. 

Nov^  18.  In  London,  in  bis  69d  jwar, 
Lieut.-General  Rich.  Bingham,  of  Mah 
combe  Bingham  in  tbe  coonty  of  Dorset. 

This  gentleman  was  the  eUeat  eon  of 
Richard  Bingham,  E<q.  Colonel  of  tbe 
Dorsetshire  Militia  (tee  tbe  pedigree  of 
this  very  antient  family  in  Hotobint't 
History  of  Dorsetshire,  vol.  iv.  p.  f03} 
hy  his  first  wife,  Sophia,  daughter  of 
Cbarlea  HaUey,  of  Great  Gaddesdm  In 
Hertfordshire,  Esq. ;  and  half-brother  co 
Major.-Gen.  Sir  George  Ridout  Bingfaaoif 
K.C.  B.and  K.T.S. 

He  entered  tbe  army  an  Ensign  In  tho 
17tb  foot,  Oct.  5,  1787  i  «nd  was  pro- 
moted to  a  Lieutenancy  and  tba  Ad|«- 
Uiicy  in  May  1790.  He  married  at  Kil- 
kenny, May  96,  1799,  Miss  PriicillaCar- 
deii,  a  relative  of  Sir  John  Canleny  who 
was  created  a  Baronet  of  the  kiofdoMi 
of  Ireland  in  1787. 

In  1793  Lieut.  Bingbam  raised  a  com- 
pany in  Ireland,  with  which  be  was  Mnt 
to  Chatham,  where  it  was  drafts.  Ho 
obtained  a  Company  in  the  I09d  foot, 
Oct.  31,  that  year,  a  Majority  in  Feb. 
1795,  and  a  Lieut. -Colonelcy  loSoptci^' 
ber  following.  But  the  reglsieot  w« 
drafted  immediately  after  this  last  pn^ 
motion,  and  be  remained  onattaebed  un- 
til plared  on  half-pay  at  tba  begioninf 
of  1798. 

In  July  that  year  he  was  sent  to  iak« 
tbe  command  of  the  forces  stationed  III 
Alderiiey  ;  where  he  remained  tintil  the 
July  following,  and  was  then  placed  oa 
the  full-pay  of  the  6tb  West  India  regi* 
ment.  In  the  ensuing  month,  bowevvr* 
be  removed  to  the  9th  foot,  and  joined 
tbe  expedition  under  Sir  tlames  Pulto- 
ney,  and  afterwards  that  under  Sir  Ralph 
Abercromby.  In  December  he  returootf 
to  Lislxm,  and  io  March  1801  to  Euf- 
land.  He  was  again  placed  on  half-pay, 
Oct.  94,  1809,  and  appointed  to  tbe  8d 
foot,  July  9,  1803.  In  September  of  tba 
last-named  year  be  obtained  tbe  rank  of 
Colonel  t  in  July  1804  was  placed  on  tba 
Home  Staff  as  Brigadier  General,  and  to 
continited  until  June  1806.  In  1808  bo 
was  appointed  to  tbe  Staff  in  Irelandy 
and  reosained  there  until  Mav  85,  1809* 
when  ho  «ae  ramovod  to  the  Suffof 
Malta.    He.wassobacquontly  emphiyod 


i8Sa]      OteiTUAmT«^M^.  Trtnchard,  Ei^.^C.  Goring,  Esq. 


om  Um  8Uff  in  tht  SuMei  dbtriet.  Ht 
attained  the  rmnk  of  if  A)or-Gciieral  io 
1810.  and  that  of  Lieut.-Gcn  in  1814. 

Having  died  without  i<»tue,  General 
Bini^faam  it  locceededin  bit  cttatet  by 
hl4  iirpbew,  Williaro-Winyard  BinKbain, 
Eiq.  bom  in  1798,  tba  eldest  ton  of  ibe 
late  Rev.  William  Bio|fhaiDt  Rector  of 
Mclbury,  who  died  in  1810,  by  Emily, 
daugbttr  of  General  Winy  aid. 


William  TtENciiARO,  Esq. 

Oei,  30.  At  Uicbet  MaltniTert,  Dor- 
■•tibire,  afed  76,  Wm.  Trcncbard,  Eiq. 

Tbe  family  of  wbicb  tbit  gentleman 
was  tbe  last  surriving  male  detcendant, 
wat  one  of  tbe  mutt  antient  in  tbe 
coooty  of  Dortet,  being  traced  up  to 
Paganot  de  Trencbard,  collector  of  tbe 
Danegeld  in  tbe  Isle  of  Wigbt  in  tbe 
reign  of  Henry  tbe  First,  l^be  name  It 
derived  by  Dr.  Hickes  from  tbe  l)ono« 
Norman  *Dreng-b«rd*  or  *  Drenc-bard  i' 
Ufiemumt  mtlei,  vei  poiaior  I  For  teveral 
general iont  tbe  Trenebards  were  seated 
at  Hordbill  in  Hamptbire  ;  tbey  beeama 
teated  at  WuUetun  in  Dorset tbire  in  tl)« 
reign  of  Edward  the  Fourth,  and  since 
tbe  Rettorafion  lisve  resided  chiefly  at 
Litcbet  Maltraven.  Sir  John  Trenchard, 
great -grandfjii her  to  the  gf  ntleman  now 
decf  ased,  was  Secretary  of  State  to  King 
William  and  Queen  Mary.  There  aro 
two  portraits  of  him  in  Hutcbiiis's  Hit<« 
tory  of  Dorsetshire,  vol.  iil  p.  SS,  where 
also  is  a  pedigree,  cumpriMng  twenty* 
four  descents  from  Paganus  to  the  gen- 
tleman whose  death  is  now  recorded. 

William  Trencbard,  E«q.  was  left  a 
minor  on  tbe  death  of  his  father  Geurge 
in  1768.  He  was  appointed  Sheriff  of 
tbe  county  of  Dorset,  Jan.  31,  1778; 
and  marrieil  Aug.  6,  1790,  Lady  Hester 
Amelia  de  Burgh,  dau|cbter  of  John- 
Smyth  I  Ith  Earl  uf  CUnricarde,  and  aunt 
to  tbe  present  Marquess;  but  by  that 
lady,  who  died  Nov.  15,  18S1,  he  had  no 


HisjTonnger  brother,  the  Rrv.  George 
Treucbard,  LU  D.  Rectur  of  Liichet 
Mallravert,  married  Anna-Maria,  daugh- 
ter of  Sir  Thomas  Reeves,  Chiel  Ju«iice 
of  tbe  Common  Pleas,  but  also  died  with* 
out  ifaue  in  180tt  {  and  his  uncle,  Juhn 
Trencbard,  Esq.  Comoiisaioner  cf  Taies, 
(of  whom  there  is  a  portrait  iu  tbe  His- 
tory of  Dorsettbire,)  died.uii married.  Hit 
two  aonta  were  married,  Henrietta  to 
Joeelyn  Pickard,  Esq.  of  Bloxwortb, 
who  left  iMuet  and  Mary  to  tbe  eelo- 
bratod  Ricb.  Owen  Cambrklge,  Esq.  and 
to  their  detcondants,  ii  Is  preaumed^ 
tbe  Treacbaid  ettattt  descend. 

It  wuttkl  boMijiMtiea  to  the  mcmonr 
and  chnnttnr  of  tbe  dccnMcdoM  to  add» 


that  blgb  bononr  and  a  liberal  tp&rtt 
never  tbooe  brtgbtec  than  in  him.  Tb« 
gentry  of  tbe  county  of  Dorset,  and  the 
poor  in  the  neigbbourbood  of  bis  reti« 
den'^e,  will  long  remember  bit  unosten* 
tatiout  and  boapitable  disposition  {  they 
have  lost  an  old  Englitb  gentleotau  and 
friend. 


Charles  Gorino,  Es9. 

Dec.  3.  Aged  86,  Charlet  Goring,  etq. 
of  Witton  Park,  Susiex;  half-uncle  to 
Sir  Charlet  Furtter  Goring,  of  Highdcn^ 
Bart. 

Mr.  Goring  was  the  only  child  of  tbe 
second  marriage  of  SirCharlcs-Matthewg 
Goring,  tbe  fourth  Baronet,  with  Elisar 
beth,  titter  and  heiress  of  Sir  Robert 
P'ggTt  <bc  fourth  and  last  Baronet  of 
WiMun,  who  died  in  1*40.  He  was  a 
singular  specimen  of  the  old  English 
geiiileman,  of  the  bigtiest  Tory  prin- 
ciple*, uf  a  hearty  vif^oruus  constitution, 
active  habits,  and  great  hospitality.  HU 
fortune  amounted  to  I9,0U0/.  a-year;  he 
sat  for  the  r;ipe  of  Bramber  in  the  Par- 
liament which  lasted  frum  1774  to  1780, 
and  bis  ptdiiical  influence  wat  alwayt. 
very  coniiderable  in  tbe  wettern  part  of 
Suttei. 

Mr.  Goring  was  thrice  married  :  first 
to  S«rah  daughter  of  Ralph  Beard,  of 
llurst|ierpuint,  E^q.  who  died  without 
issue  In  1797  ;  secondly,  to  Miss  Eliia- 
beib  Saxford,  by  whom  be  bad  two 
(Uughters  ;  and  thirdly,  to  his  cousin 
Mary,  d4U|;hter  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Ballard, 
Rector  of  Great  Longford  in  Wiltshire,, 
and  France*,  daughter  of  Sir  Harry 
Goring,  the  third  Haronet.  By  bis  last 
lady  Mr.  Goring  bad  a  sun  Charles,  born 
in  1817,  who  succeeds  to  Witton,  a 
daughter  Mary,  and  Juhn,  bom  in  18S4, 
iftben  bis  father  wat  eighty  years  of  age. 


Wm.  Cuamberlaync,  Esq.  M.P. 

Dec.  10.  Found  dead  in  his  bed,  at 
Cranbury  Park,  near  Winchester,  Wil* 
liaro  Cbambcrlayne,  e&q.  M.P.  for  Soutb-^ 
amptun  i  first  cousin  to  the  Earl  of 
Li»er|>ool,  and  to  the  late  L^rd  Zuucbe*. 

Thi«  gentlem'«n  wat  son  of  tbe  late 
William  Chamberlayue,  Etq.  Solicitor  to 
the  Treasury,  who  died  in  1799  (see  our 
vol.  LXix.  p.  1004),  by  Harriot,  fourth 
daughter  of  Sir  Cecil  Bishopp,  the  fifth 
Baronet  of  Parbani,  and  widow  of  I'bo* 
mat  Dummer,  of  Cranbury  Park,  Esq.  { 
and  which  lady  married  thirdly  Natha- 
niel Dance,  Eu).  R.A.  the  oelebrated 
painter,  who  asaumed  tbe  name  off 
Holland,  aud  waa  created  a  Baronet 
(tea  ib«  memoir  of  Dame  Harriot  Uid- 
land  in  vol.  xcv.  ii.  641). 

Mr,  Chambtfflayne  wat  edncatod  at 


88  ObitUaky. — fV.  Chamherlaynt,  Esq.-^JB,  Tucker,  Eiq.      [Jan. 


Winchester  and  New  College,  Oxford, 
where  he  attained  the  degree  of  M.A.  in 
1793.  He  was  first  returned  to  Parlia- 
ment for  Cbristohurch  about  the  year 
1800,  through  the  infiuence  of  the  late 
Right  Hon.  George  Rose,  and  in  the 
room  of  William  Stewart  Rose,  Esq.; 
he  sat  only  till  the  dissolution  in  1802. 
He  was  afterwards  induced,  in  1818, 
in  consequence  of  some  political  dif- 
ferences, to  oppose  that  gentleman's 
son,  the  present  Right  Hon.  Sir  George- 
Henry  Rose,  for  the  borough  of  South- 
ampton, and  he  carried  his  return  by  a 
majority  of  one  only.  He  was  re-elected 
in  ]8S0and  1836. 

With  a  mind  stored  with  the  richest 
vein  of  classic  lore,  Mr.  C.  possessed  a 
roost  correct  and  elegant  taste  for  the 
arts.  He  was  a  speaker  of  talent ; 
though  be  never  took  part  in  the  de- 
bates in  the  House  of  Commons,  those 
who  heard  him  on  the  hustings  at  the 
Southampton  contested  election,  will 
remember  the  eflfect  of  his  oratory. 

His  property,  including  the  large  es- 
tates which  bad  belonged  to  Mr.  Dum- 
mer,  and  which  descended  to  him  on 
the  death  of  bis  mother.  Lady  Holland, 
in  I8S5,  now  devolve  to  an  only  sister, 
and  eventually  to  a  nephew. 

Benjamin  Tucker,  Esq 
Dee,  1 1.  At  the  house  of  his  brother 
in  John-street,  Bedford-row,  aged  67, 
Benjamin  Tucker,  Esq.  of  Trematonr 
castle,  Cornwall,  of  which  Duchy  be  was 
Surveyor-general  fur  the  last  fwenty 
years. 

It  was  in  the  preceding  part  of  bis 
life  that  be  was  best  known  and  most 
distinguished    for    bis    public   services, 
having  passed  trhough  the  subordinate 
stations  of   the  navy  to  that  of  Com- 
missioner, and  finally  of  Second  Secre- 
tary  to  the  Admiralty.      Without  any 
other  recommendation  than  his  own  ta- 
lents and  industry,  be  first  obtained  the 
confidence  of  Lord  St.  Vincent  during 
his  command  of  the  Mediterranean  fleet, 
which  he  continued  to  enjoy  more  and 
more  while  that  illustrious  commander 
presided  over  the  naval  administration 
of   the    country,    and    until    be    died. 
Having  retired  with   his   Lordship,  be 
resumed  the  same  active  office  during 
the   time   that   Lord  Grey  and  Mr.  T. 
Grenville  were  at  the  head  of  the  Admi- 
ralty, ever  zealously  applying  the  most 
consummate  knowledge  of  the  service 
to  establish  and  aggrandize  our  naval 
pre-eminence.    Of  bis  public  merits,  the 
lanctioD  of  the  eminent  persons  abovc- 
nmmed  if  the  b€tt  proof.    His  private 
worth  it  attested  bv  the  warm  affection 
of  a  numerous  circle  of  friends^  and  the 


deep  sorrows  of  his  family  on  the  lots  of 
such  a  husband  and  parent. 


Rev.  £.  A.  Hay-Drum'mono,  D.D. 

Dee,  30.  At  the  glebe-boose  of  Had* 
leigh,  Suflfjlk,  in  his  7Sd  year,  the  Ri^. 
Edward  Auriol  Hay-Drummond,  D.D. 
Rector  of  that  parish,  and  of  Dalham  in 
the  s^me  county.  Dean  of  Bocking,  Pre- 
bendary of  York  and  Southwell,  and 
Chaplain  to  the  King ;  uncle  to  the 
Earl  of  Kinnoul. 

This  venerable  divine  was  born  April 
10,  1758,  and  was  the  fourth  son  of  the 
Hon.  and  Most  Rev.  Robert  HayDrum- 
mond,    Lord  Archbishop   of   York,   by 
Henrietta,   daughter    and    coheiress  of 
Peter  Auriol,  E!>q.  merchant  of  London. 
He  was  educated  at  Christ  Church,  Ox- 
ford, w  here  he  attained  the  degree  ■  of 
M.A.  in  1780,  and  accumulated  the  de- 
grees of  B.  and  D.D.  in  1794.     in  1784 
he  was  collated  by  Archbishop  Markbam 
to  the  prebend  of  Hiistbwaite  iu  the 
cathedral  church  of  York  ;  and  in  1789 
be  was  appointed  a  Chaplaui  in  Ordinaiy 
to  his  Majesty.    In  1796  he  was  collated 
by  Archbishop  Moore  to  the  rectory  of 
Uadleigh,  a  peculiar  of  the  see  of  Can- 
terbury I    and  in    1806   by  Archbishop 
Markbam  to  the  prebend  of  Rampton  in 
the  collegiate  church  of  Southwell.    In 
1832  he  was  presented  to  the  rectory  of 
Dalham,  by  Sir  James  Affleck,  Bart. 

Mr.  Drummond  was  twice  married ; 
firstly,    Dec.   12,   1789,  to    Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  William  de  Visme,  Esq.  by 
whom  be  bad  two  sons  and  lour  daugh- 
ters :  I.  Elizabeth,  deceased ;  9.  Edward- 
William  Hay-Drummond,  Esq.  who  has 
commanded  a  company  in  the  73d  regi- 
ment, and  is  now  keeper  of  the  Records  in 
the  Lyon  office  of  Scotland;  he  married 
in  181S  Louisa-Margaret,  only  daughter 
of  John  Thompson,  E^q.  deputy  Com- 
misf ary-general  of  the  eastern  district; 
3.  Maria,  4.  Sophia,  and  5.  Henry,  all 
deceased;  6.  Henrietta-Auriol.    Having 
lost  his  first   lady  Feb.  14,  1790,  Mr. 
Drummond  married,  secondly.  May  84, 
1791,   bis  cousin  Amelia,  daughter  of 
James  Auriol,   Esq.  and  by  that  lady^ 
who  survives  him,  had  two  sons  and  two 
daughters  i  7*  Robert-Auriol,  and  8.  Wil- 
liam-Auriol,  both  deceased  ;  9*  Amelia- 
Auriol,    married    in   1812  to  the  Rer. 
George   Wilkins,    D.D.  Prebendary  of 
Southwell,  Vicar  of  Lowdbam,  Nettt. 
and  of  St.  Mary,  Nottingham  i  and  10. 
Cbarlutte-AurioL 

For  thirty-tbrce  years  Dr.  Drummond 
offidAted  as  Minister  of  the  large  and 
pppulous  parish  of  Uadleigh,  and  whe* 
ther  conMdcre^  at  an  elegant  icholar 
or  a  aoond -divine,  as  a  preaeber  of  very 


1836.] 


Obituary. — Rev.  T.  Brwon. — Rev.  J.  Jenkim, 


89 


imprcMivt  powert  or  a  sellout  put  or  of 
ht«  flork,  Im  will  \on%  live  in  the  recol- 
lection of  the  ai»iiy  «bo  have  been  bc- 
neflfed  by  bit  inttructiont,  or  conioled 
by  bit  tynpatby  and  kindnett.  Nur 
should  it  be  forgot ten»  that  io  the  rtrla- 
tiont  of  dumettic  life,  at  a  hutband, 
father,  friend,  and  matter,  be  wat  uni- 
forinty  an  eiample  of  all  that  was  affec- 
tionate, eontideraie,  and  jott.  He  wat 
the  Muibor  of  **  A  Table  of  Catecbet ical 
Quest  ioittf  prior  to  Coufirmation>  Lond. 
1813."  l8tno. 

His  remains  were  interred  at  Had- 
Irigb  on  Satnrdav  Jan.  9>  And  a  funeral 
sermon  preached  on  the  folloiking  day 
by  bis  sou  in  law  Dt.  Wllkins. 


Rkv.  Thomas  BaowK. 

Dec.  f  0.  At  Coiiiogton  to  Canhridge- 
•htre,  agad  68,  the  lUv.  Thomas  Brovo, 
Rector  <k  that  parish  for  more  than  forty 
years ;  and  a  MagistraU  for  the  coontiet  of 
Qunbrtdge  and  Hants.  Mr.  Brown  was  third 
aod  yoniigest  too  uf  Lsocelot  Browo,  Esq. 
Head  Gardener  to  his  late  Majestv  at  Hamp- 
ton Conrt,  wlio  was  celebrated  lo  tlie  last 
century  (uoder  the  lietter  known  appellation 
of  CapabiTicy  Brown)  for  his  skill  and  taste 
in  laying  out  parks  and  ornamental  garden- 
ingf  by  which  he  acquired  a  Urge  estate  of 
hb  own,  which  passed  to  the  subject  of  this 
memoir,  alter  his  t»o  elder  brothers  had  en- 
joyed it  in  succession,  snd  had  died  without 
tssne,  via.  Lancelot,  a  BarritUr,  aod  some- 
time M.P.  for  Huntingdon;  and  John,  an 
Admiral  of  the  Royal  Nary.  The  late  Mr. 
Brown  wm  of  St.  John  s-college,  Cam- 
bridge, B.A.  1784,  M.A.  1787;  and  was 
prssentcd  to  the  RectorY  of  Conington  in 
1789  by  the  Hon.  Dr.  Vorke,  then  Bishop 
of  Ely.  He  married  early  in  life,  Susan, 
daogbter  of  Dr.  Dickins,  Rector  of  He- 
mingfbrd  Gray,  near  Huntingdon;  and  by 
her,  who  survives  him,  he  has  left  two  sons, 
Lancelot,  Rector  of  Kelsale  in  Suffolk,  who 
snecseds  to  hb  estate:  and  Thomas-Chsries, 
Cnrattof  Somenham,  in  the  I«le  of  Ely,  a 
living  attached  to  the  Regius  Professorship 
of  Divinity  in  the  University  of  Cambridge; 
and  one  da«»hter  Snsan. 

The  remsinsof  Mr.  Brown  wers  dejMwited 
by  those  of  hb  &ther,  under  the  monument 
in  the  chancel  of  Fenstanton.  His  charac- 
ter was  that  of  an  excellent  parish  priest ; 
and  be  will  be  sincerely  lamented  by  the 
poor  of  hb  neighbonrhood,  to  whose  wanu, 
ooth  sptrHoal  and  temporal,  he  never  fiuled 
to  admmisler.  In  hb  fiHnily  he  wss  warmly 
beloved  i  and  the  opea*Kearted  sincerity  ni 
hb  friendship  can  be  attested  by  the  writer 
of  tbby  who  experienced  it  for  half  a  cen- 
tory 

«*  Chore,  vale !  at  teevm,  aim  mode  dig* 
nnSf  em* 
Ganr.  Mao.  /emiery,  itao. 

12 


Rtv.  John  Jrnkins,  M.  A. 

N9V.  90.  At  the  Vicarage-hoose,  Kerry, 
CO.  Montgomery,  the  Rev.  John  Jenkins^ 
M.  A.  Vicar  of  that  paiish,  Prsbendwy  of 
York  and  of  Brecon,  Roral  Dean  of  Male- 
nith  ultra  Ithou,  la  the  Archdeaconry  of 
Brecknock,  Cbaplab  to  hU  Royal  Hi^hnett 
the  Duke  of  Clarence,  and  one  of  hu  Ma- 
jesty's Justices  of  the  Peace  (or  the  oonntj 
of  Montgomery. 

Mr.  Jenkins  was  born  at  CU-yhroonan, 
in  the  parish  of  Llangoedmor,  near  Cardi- 
gan. He  was  collated  to  his  living  by  Dr. 
Bursess,  BUhop  of  St.  David's,  in  1 807 ; 
to  £e  Prebend  of  Mochtre,  in  the  Colle- 
giate Church  of  Brecknock,  by  the  saaae 
patron ;  and  to  that  of  Oslialdwick  in  the 
Cathedral  of  York,  by  Archbbhop  Vernon, 
in  1888.  By  bis  learning  and  indefatigalde 
Kcal  in  the  pursuit  of  Welsh  literature,  Mr. 
Jenkins  held  no  mean  station  among  the 
chief  literati  of  Cymru.  In  fiict  his  exer- 
tions were  more  than  common,  aod  deserv- 
ing of  imitation  by  every  one  who  has  the 
lesst  iota  of  patriotism  for  hb  native  land, 
since  it  was  princi|>ally  through  his  exer- 
tions thst  the  great  provincial  Eisteddfodan 
was  revived  in  1819;  and,  ever  mindful  as 
he  was  to  further  the  dawn  of  rising  talent 
in  others,  be  hss  left  behind,  as  a  proof  aa^ 
monument  of  his  own  industry  and  rc|paid 
for  hb  country,  a  considerable  eollcctaen  of 
antieot  Welsh  MSS.  and  music,  which  are 
considered  to  be  the  most  extensive  now 
extant. 

His  loss,  therefore,  will  be  deeply  and  sin- 
cerely felt,  not  only  by  the  Bards  and  Literati 
of  Cambria,  amongst  whom  he  was  known  as 
the  Ivor  Hael  (or  Iran  the  generous)  of  the 
present  age;  but  by  a  numerous  circle  uf 
relatives  and  friends,  to  whom  he  was  aSee- 
tionately  endeared,  as  well  as  revered  in  the 
hearto  of  an  extensive  flock  of  parishioners, 
being  courteous  and  affable  to  all,  strict  to 
his  engagements  and  consbtent  in  bis  prin- 
ciples ;  and  whether  he  be  vbwed  as  an  ex- 
emplary and  conscientious  pastor,  deeplv 
impressed  with  the  responsibility  of  his  ot- 
flee,  and  even  anxious  to  lead  and  point  the 
way  to  brighter  worlds,  as  an  mtelligent 
and  impartial  magistrate,  or  in  other  depart- 
ments of  hb  active  lifs,  we  shall  find  an 
example  deserving  of  emulation ;  and  if  pa^ 
triotism  be  a  virtue,  if  liberality  to  whatmr 
seemed  to  have  a  claim  on  private  ohari^, 
or  pnblic  patronage,  be  deserving  cf  record^ 
the  Iste  Vicar  of  Kerry  was  prominent  in 
these  particuUrs,  and  will  be  remembersdy 
probably,  as  long  as  the  Awen  of  Cambria 
will  be  able  to  express  its  feelings  in  the 
figurative  language  of  poetry. 

On  the  Friday  subsequent  to  his  deosate> 
hb  rtmaiat  were  intened  io  the  chancel  of 
the  venemble  and  highly  picturesque  ebnreh 
where  he  bad  for  nearlya  ouarter  of  a  etn- ' 
tory  dispensed  the  Word  of  Ufe,  we  wonid 


90 


OuTVikRr. 


XmM' 


faiD  hope  mitkk  muoh  prufi^  to  the  touU  of 
hU  hef  ren^  amid  a  l^uge  ooficuurjie  of  ya- 
rishiooers,  who  had  Maembled  to  pay  the 
last,  tkov\gh  melancholy,  tribute  of  retpect 
to  their  deceased  pastor,  oearlj  two  hundred 
of  whom  provided  themselves  wiUi  iH^tr- 
1]#mds  and  gloves  for  jbhe  sorrowful  occasiaB» 
whilst  the  principal  freeholdeis  caosed  the 
pulpit,  readiog-Uesk,  commouioo-tahle  aod 
rails,  to  be  covered  with  black  cloth  at  their 
own  expense. 

Mr.  Jenkins  married  \a'l$9S^M\u  Jones, 
of  Cross  wood  House^  in  the  parish  of  iGuils- 
field,  Montgomeryshire,  a  lady  of  estima- 
ble manners  and  a  coosidexable  6tftuiici,  by 
whom  he  had  issue  one  son. 


DEATHS. 
London  and  its  Vicinity. 

Oct,  6.  At  Lambeth,  aged  59,  Mr.  Jo- 
nathan Wilson,  die-sinker  and  medallist. 
He  resided  thirty  years  in  SheffieM,  during 
which  his  designs  for  cutlery  and  silver  plate 
contributed  greatly  to  increase  the  demand 
for  those  manufactures.  Mr.  Wilson  was 
the  first  introducer  of  the  art  of  embossing 
horo.  He  was  a  self-taught  artist;  and  in 
the  early  part  of  his  life  atudied  witii  tlie 
cdebratedf  Chaotrey. 

OcL  20.  At  Highbury-cottage,  aged  87» 
Martha,  widow  of  Mr.  Philip  Mallett,  wine- 
n^erchant,  and  author  of  a  pamphlet  on  the 
wine-trade;  whose  death  in  1795  by  being 
thrown  from  a  chaiae  when  rid'mg  with  this 
lady«  is  recorded  in  our  vol.  lzv.  p.  793. 

Oct Frances,  widow  of  G.  Gran- 
ville, esq.  and  grand-daughter  of  the  Rev. 
Marshall  Brydges,  Canon  Residentiary  of 
Wells. 

Nov.  20.  In  Bruton  st.  Frances,  youngest 
dau.  of  late  Rev.  S.  D.  Myers,  Vicar  of 
Mitcham. 

Dec.  ...  At  HammessBiith,  in  his  UHk 
year,  Wm.  Black,  M.D. 

Ike.  1 4.  Mr.  Donald  Spalding.  He  was  for 
fourteen  vears  treasurer  to  the  benevolent 
"  Club  of  True  Highlanders/*  aod  was  an 
enthusiastic  supporter  of  Celtic  manners. 
His.  zeal,  indeed,  led  him  to  acts  that  were 
rather  eccentric.  H«*  attended  the  Queen's 
fonsral  in  the  Highland  costume,  and  ren- 
dered himself  much  noticed ;  and  excited 
some  displaaaure  by  his  attempts  to  lead  Uie 
procession.  His  remains  were  followed  to 
t^  grave  by  about  thirty  of  his  countrymen 
in  Um  fill!  g^rb  of  Caledonia,  with  three 
pipersy  who  didnot,  however,  in  deference  to 
the  Lord'a-day,  and  the  usages  of  this  coun- 
try, play  the  Coronach  of  their  departed 
friend. 

i>ec.  1 6.  Jn  Highbory-pk.  W.  H  ogfaes»  ?  s^. 

Jpe^  ta.*  In  Bskff-stseety  Thos.  Arm- 
■trangy  esq.  turmNi. 

Jk^  9d.  At  CoAQHicbt-temeei  P.  FiU- 
kerbtityesq. 


JLa^y.    In  <xower«stvaet,  Hooom  M«c- 
gnarite  Fmocoise,  wife  of  Dr.  Spurzheinu 

In  Ely-placcy  Fnioces,  yovifgeat  dau.  of 
late  Rev.  Sam.  Crowther^  Vioar  of  Christ 
Church. . 

In  Park-row,  aced  54,  Luly  EUzibeUi- 
-Jane,  wife  of  the  Itsv.  Riohard  Brickeadoqy 
and  sister  to  the  Earl  of  Cavan.  She  w«e 
the  ouly  dau.  of  Richard  the  6th  Earl  bjr 
his  second  wife  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  George 
Davis,  esq.  Commiasiooer  R.  N. ;  was  mar- 
ried first,  Nov.  9)  1793,  to  Capt.  William 
Henry  Jervis,  R.  N.  elder  brother  to  ibe 
present  Vise.  St.  Vincent,  and  by  him  had 
two  daus.  Martha-Honora-Geoipoa,  mar- 
ried in  182&  to  the  late  Osborne  Markham* 
esq.  who  in  consequence  took  the  namt  of 
Jervis  ;  and  Henrietta-Eliz.-Mary,  married 
in  1817  to  Capt.  Edm.  Palmer,  ItN.  In 
1799  her  Ladyship's  marriage  wisli  Mr.  Jer- 
vis was  dissolved,  aod  she  was  married  Sdly, 
in  March  1800,  to  the  Rev.  lUch.  Bridcoa* 
den,  by  whom  she  had  children. 

In  Gower-at.  aged  88,  Mrs.  A.  lAoyd. 

In  Finsbury,  aged  68,  W.  M.  WiDett, 
esq.  the  celerarated  editor  of  the  Statesman 
during  the  O.  P.  war  in  1809*  eobscqueotly 
of  the  British  TraveHer,  and  other  pe- 
riodicals. 

Jan  I.  At  Fulham-lodge,  aged  17 1  Ffed. 
Geo.  youngest  con  of  W.  J.  Leathall,  eaq. 

Jan.  2.  At  Hampstead,  in  his  i4th  year, 
Mr.  James  White,  late  of  Chohhan,  S«nroy» 
aurgeon. 

Jan.  8.  Aged  29,  Ann,  wife  of  Geo.  Ro- 
bioson,  esq.  of  New  Broad-stie^  soKdtor* 
aod  only  aurviving  dau.  of  Rich.  Sonthem,«f 
York. — And,  on  the  13th,  her  husband  Mr. 
Robinson. 

Jan.  4.  Aged  67,  Mark  Moriey,  esq.  of 
Doctors'-commons. 

In  Upper  Charlcs-st.  Fitzrny-«quafO,  Jos. 
Hayes,  esq.  siurreon. 

Jan.  6.  At  Knightsbridge,  agod  86,  Fiaa- 
oes-AofOBta,  relict  of  Wm.  Howard,  esq. 

In  Parliament-street,  the  reKet  of  Capt. 
Dury,  R.  A. 

Jan.  6.  Jane*Margaret,  wife  of  John 
Holfbrd,  esq.  of  York-place,  Portmnn-eo. 

Jan.  7.  At  Whitehall,  aged  7ft,  the  Rt. 
Hon.  Mary- Jemima  dowager  Lady  Grant- 
ham. She  was  the  younger  dau.  and  eoh. 
of  Philip  2d  Earl  of  Hardwicke,  by  Lady 
Jemima  Campbell,  Marchioness  de  Grey; 
was  married  to  Thomaa  2d  aod  late  Lord 
Grantham,  Aug.  17,  1780,  aod  waa  left  hie 
widfjw,  July  20,  1786,  having  luul  issue  three 
SODS,  Tbos.-Phinp  (he  present  Lord  Grant- 
Itani,  Fred.-John  now  Vise.  Goderich,  and 
Philip  who  died  an  Infent.  By  her  Lady* 
ship's  death,  Lord  Grantham  haa  become  tho 
immediate  hdr  piwaumptive  to  the  JSarldon 
of  de  Qnjt  to  which  he  will  suoceed  on  tho 
death  of  bis  aunt  the  present  Countess,  tho 
older  co-heuoss  of  that  branch  of  the  bouse 
of  Grey  which  produced  twolvo  Earls  and 
one  Duke  of  Kont. 


lasa] 


OBtWMfHr. 


9^ 


In  Omt  SteJimn  tl>m,  wgtA  79,  lb# 

CounceM  St.  Mftitia  d«  Frnau 

faChsptl^t.  GrotvtMr-pL  agtd  ft,  ^n, 
nUct  of  Dr.  Lectvoi*. 

Jim.  t.     In  Davin-tS.  Btrktlvy-wy.  tgtd 

t7»  dM  Right  Hod.  Anm  C«iBt«M  doiMtr 

of  Oaltowiijf.  Slw  «M  th*  9^(ko.  of  Sir  <fiit. 

DMhwooH,  the  9d  BaroDet  of  KirkliogCo*- 

parli  io  Oxferd»hire,  tod   M.  P.    for  th«t 

couotj,  br  Eliabetb,  <ka.  aod  coh.  (irith 

Aoo*  DoelitM  of  HMBiltoo)  of  £dfr.  Spen- 

•or,  o(  ReodlMhtai,  acq.)  «id  wm  onoM« 

^•eotly  float  Io  th«  pmcBi  Diikt  of  Moo- 

ehotter,  IXiehflM  of  MoMroM,  MflrehiooMi 

of  Eky,  lie.     Sbfl  twcMM  dte  ad  miW  of 

iohn  7  th  aad  kto  Eflri  of  Oflllowiy,  June  IS^ 

1 764,  flod  iiO»  loft  hb  widow,  Nov.  14, 1  MM, 

hflring  had  m  fiMily  of  sovea  Mot  aod  flight 

4hm.  of  whom  Ooorgo  te  thfl  ptflfleot  Eorl 

aod  K.  T.,  Charlflt-Jamet  it  BiflfHw  of  Qoo* 

bM^  aod  Soiao  '%•  Dochflta.  of  MarlborooKh. 

Jan,  %,    Ja  a  dofll  foosht  mm  tho  Rad 

Hovfl»,  B«iaifle»-fifllda,  Otivor  Clajto«,  asq. 

editor  ol  «  C\mum'%  Court  OiMde."     HU 

oppooeot  wai  Litot.  H.  LasriMflchc.    The 

qwwfflltookDtorofltWoodVHottl,  Pantoa* 

•i|Mi«,  St.  Jaaaea't,  whei*  Mr.  Clayton  Iwd 

naidad  foraibont  tiMroo  jeaiv.     Mr.  Uanon 

WM  the  ao»of  a*  banlnr  at  Qdway,  «id  hit 

MlaCifW^  af»  aH   of  thfl*  Calholie  roUtfioK 

Abovtfenr7«flfla«gi»lio  pobKcly  flAijflrad  tiM 

GatiMsRo  religioB,  and  aubaeyatly  hfla  bees 

•nyaflid  in  iri^tipg  agmio>t-the  elaiafl  of  thfl 

C!atholifla  in  various  pflriodioal  worka.     Hfl 

wta  also  thfl  anthor  &i  fflvflral  pamphletfl,  and 

•r  a  work  oflNeA  ««Ten  Miiflt  rooiid  Lowfcm/' 

A  Coroner'a  jury  bronght  in  a  vefdiet  of 

••  wilfoi  nMfitor''  agMMt  Lieat.  LMnbr«<ibi« 

•hfl  principal  and  Lieut. Cox  aod  Mr.  BigWy, 

tiM  aaoondfl,  io  tho  duel. 


9.    Io  KflotiogtoiHflq.  agfld  70,  Mn* 


Sopliin 

In  Ruaaoll-flq.  William  Pvatt,  eM|. 

Jon.  10.  Io  Somerfet-ttr>  Pottwan  ty * 
aged  88,  Mra.  Abo  llrooha* 

Jon.  II.  At  Briatoo,  i^  78,  Oabrtel 
Cohen,  9»n» 

Jwn,  19.  In  Ormood-at.  in  hit  97th  ynar, 
Frod.  Wiifimn  Fmrnptoo,  of  Cliftoe,  M.D. 

CaroUnfl  Uwy,  afloond  dan.  of  Gflo.  £. 
Bowar  JAifliataot  Chief  Clerk  of  tfaeOrdaaote, 
Toflvr  of  Loodon. 

Jmk,  14.     AtLambetli,  aged  90,  Adbo, 
of  Tbomaa  BuUock,  eM. 

Jbi.  16.  Matilda^  wUb  of  of  Rev.  John 
Mitchel,  Reetor  of  St.  Nieholat  CoUnbbey. 

Jmu  IC  Afr  KfloifaMEtoa,  agad  76,  Jane, 
widow  ol  M^or  John  Saoi.  Torr^flnno. 

At  ifindnyn»  Miaa  VtMon. 

Agii  IKI»  Mm  Ifcflfh,  oiq.  of  Qoflfln-aq. 

Jte  17*  A»Chfllmirag«d  88,  Mr.  KSflgi 
frthar  of  Mr.H.  W.  King,  aolieitor,  BcUtnl. 

In  thnOrtatOolalaffli  Waiiwhitfr,  Md 
98,  Mfi»  |jflB8an»  moilMr  of  thfl*  Itov. 
Riflhar^Landos,  RMMaiof St«  JBdmoodcho' 
King. 

\m  Bflgit  IIP.  Himgwii  Aiimi  wift  of 


IUf.ChMbD3faM>iMWilkim»,  wA 
tho  late  Right  Hmi.  W.  Wiodham. 

•/on.  17.  At- Walworth,  Tho.  Carte*',  etq. 
fuwnflfly  a;  mrgoon  and  anothaeary,  but  who 
had  retired  from  tho  proraaaion  mnny  y«ari« 

Jon.  18.  In  Albetnarlo-etreet,  agad  86, 
Fraocffl,  relict  of  ktfl  Sir  Rieh.  Nemro,  fK* 
flnt  ft^rt.  of  Dag»nhani*park,  Eaaak,  F.R.S. 
and  F.d.A.  Sha  wia  thfl  4tb  dan.  of  John 
Briatow,  esq.  waa  aaarried  Feb.  18,  1781, 
and  left  a  wMow  Jan.  86,  1814,  having 
had  issue  SirThoibM  the  present  Baronot, 
three  other  aont,  and  five  daugheera. 

At  Balharo,  Susannah,  third  snrviviM; 
dau.  of  bte  Charlaa  Pofli*^  flflq.  of  Chiatfli- 
hanpton-lodffe,  Oxoo. 

Aged  7 1 ,  Wm.  Dinwiddie,  esq. 

Jan,  1 9.  In  Upper  Berkdey  street,  aged 
80,  Philip  Perry,  esq.  of  MoorhaU,  near 
Harlow. 

Ac  Kensington,  aged  69,  Edward  Hfloj. 

Bwin,  flsq.  fnmieTly  of  Caleiltta. 

Ann,  relict  of  firyau  Rosser,  esq.  for- 
merly of  Trindeo,  co.  Durham. 

Jon.  90.  In  Piccadilly,  Lydin,  widow  fl€ 
John  Board,  esq.  of  TwickoDham. 

Bans. — Joir.  8.  At  Manlden  Mill,  Mr. 
Bdwntd  Peimv&ther ;  and  Jon.  1 1,  at  the 
flanan  phwo,  Mr.  Isflac  Psuoyfithflr.  They 
were  twins,  and  lived  to  be  nearly  77  ytnra 
of  agfli 

BtiiKi.-^Nflar  Randbg^  Mrs.  Mitfeid, 
mother  of  the  sutboress. 

A«  Speeo-hill,  EKxah^h,  dau.  of  Rev. 
Jamaa  Etty,  laU  rector  9^  Whitehurch,  Ozfi 

Jon.  6.  At  Buckeu-hill,  In  her  19tH 
ytmr,  the  rsl'iot  of  Thonaim  Cotaploo,  esq.  of 
Choldeftoo,  Hants. 

Jan,  9.  At  Newbary,  a^od  84,  Mmi 
Mary  Child,  sister  of  \mU  Edw.  C.  •tq.of 
Abingdon* 

BucKi.— i!>00.  17.  At  ChalfonModge, 
R.  Hibbert,  eaq.  joo. 

Chishirk. — At  Chmter,  the  widow  of 
the  Rev  Charles  Mainwario^,  of  Oteleypark, 
and  mother  of  Chaa.  K.  Mainwafing,  eaq. 
Hiffh  Sheri£F  ^  Shropshire. 

CoiiNWAiL. — Jan,  1 8 .  Robert  Bake,  mq. 
ofDeUbele. 

Dbvon.— /)«c.  98.  At  Mount  Radford, 
Baeur,  aged  99,  Eleanor  Sophia,  ekAstt 
da.  of  Nathaniel  Trigoo  StUl,  esq.  of  Deao'fl 
Orchard. 

Lolfiy.  Aged  54,  the  writ  of  Jnim 
Pybe,  esq.  of  the  North  Devon  Bnk, 
Barnstaple. 

At  Dartmouth,  agod  74,  N.  Blrooking, 
esq.  88  yetn  coUefl.  (Jooatuma  at  that  pnit. 

Jan,  4.  At  the  retidflnoa  of  bor  ftth*r, 
David  DflM,  of  HonitoB,  Amelia,  wUb  of 
Josflph  Lavleount. 

Joit.  8.  AtPlymowth,  a^  78,  Thotes 
Yaiefl,  esq.  lata  of  Devonshirfl-street. 

At  Honitooi  rt  an  advanced  age,  John 
Mumb,  fliq.  ' 

Jam,  14.    At  Liftoa*cottage,  aged  61, 


99 


Obituaiy. 


[Jan. 


HuiDab,  yoongett  daa*  of  late  John  Betrd* 
esq.  of  Hallwhyddoo,  Cornwall,  and  •Uter  to 
late  Mrs.  Aruodal  Harr'itt  of  Kenegie,  Comw. 

Essix.— Jon.  19.  Aged  83,  Robert 
Daviet,  esq.  of  Walthamstow. 

Gloucbstkrshirb.  ^  Dec*  87*  Mr.  R. 
Edwards,  many  years  printer  in  Bristol,  but 
lately  of  Crane-court,  Fleet-street.  He  was 
confidentially  employed  by  Mr.  Perceval  to 
print  the  book  containing  **  The  Delicate 
Investigation;"  from  a  copy  pirated,  the 
work  was  afterwards  publ'ished. 

Lalely.  At  Cheltenham,  the  widow  of  the 
Hon.  H.  Butler. 

Arthur  M.  Storkley,  esq.  of  Wickwar. 

At  Leamington,  aged  73,  Mrs.  Roche, 
formerly  of  Stratford  ufion  Avon. 

Jan,  3.  At  Moorfield-bouse,  near  Bris- 
tol, aged  78,  Samuel  White,  esq.  deeply 
lamented  by  his  aged  widow  and  a  large 
circle  of  friends. 

Jan,  8.  At  Leamington,  Jemima- Ldttle, 
relict  of  Rev.  J.  Worgan,  V.  of  Pebworth. 

Jan,  10.  AtYate,  aged70,  Mr.  Wm. 
Ludlow,  last  surviving  son  of  Daniel  Lud- 
low, M.D.  of  Chipping  Sodbury,  and  uncle 
to  Mr.  Sergeant  Ludlow. 

Jan.  14.  At  the  Abbey-gate  House, 
Bristol,  Susanna,  eldest  daughter  of  the  late 
W.  Barrett,  esq.  surgeon  and  historian  of 
that  citT. 

AtCnarlton  Kings,  aged  61,  Elizabeth, 
relict  of  Rev.  Ben.  Urisdale,  A.M.  Rector  of 
Wittington. 

Jan.  16,  At  Clifton,  the  wife  of  James 
Graves  Russell,  esq.  dau.  of  late  Richard 
Lechmere,  esq. 

Hants. — Dec,  97.  At  Ems  worth,  aged 
85,  Miss  Joan  Coleman.  In  consequence  of 
having  slept  in  a  damp  bed  when  a  child, 
this  singular  individual  was  deprived  of  hear- 
ing and  speech,  and,  what  is  still  more  re- 
markable, her  mind  appears  to  have  been 
stinted  firom  that  time ;  so  that,  with  a  very 
antiquated  visage,  and  '<  guise  of  ancient 
date,"  she  teemed  to  possess  the  Acuities  of 
a  eprighUy  girl  about  sU  or  eight  years  of 
age— such  as  fondness  for  playthings,  love 
of  gay  sights  and  dress,  and  much  attach- 
ment to  children.  But,  though  her  under- 
standing was  so  defective,  her  memory  was 
remMrkably  strong  ;  she  never  forgot  the 
person  she  had  once  seen,  nor  the  appella- 
tion by  which  that  person  had  been  desig- 
nated in  her  vocabulary.  She  generally 
attended  church,  and  turned  over  toe  leaves 
of  the  book  as  if  following  the  minister ; 
and  on  the  day  of  her  death  she  was  heard 
firaqnently  to  maculate,  in  her  own  dialect, 
'<  Onr  Father,^'  and  *<  Amen." 

Laiely,  AtOouport,  Miss  Halsted,  aister 
of  Vioe-Adm.  Sir  Lawrence  Halsted. 

At  Wineheeter,  Arthur  Clifford,  esq. 

Jan,  18.  In  Winchester,  aged  98,  John- 
Charles,  MO  of  the  Ute  John  Dietench, 
esq.  etaiff-oflloer  of  the  dep6t,  Lymington. 

Jen.  17.    At  WinchMter,  aged  33,  Jas. 


Grabum*  esq.  formerW  of  Lincolnshire,  and 
late  of  Easton,  near  Wiaehester. 

At  Packham-hoiiae,  (the  reskienoe  of 
Major  Brice,  her  son-in-law,)  aged  64,  Cn* 
Tokae,  wife  of  R.  A.  SaUsbnry,  esq.  late  of 
Chap^  Allerton,  co.  York,  and  joongete 
dau.  of  the"  late  John  Staniforth,  esq.  of 
Hull. 

Hbrep.  —  Aged  68,  Isabella,  widow  of 
Thomas  Nixon,  esq.  BillroilUlodge. 

Herts. — Dec.  80.  Aged  78,  John  Barim 
Dickinson,  esq.  of  Ware,  for  many  years  an 
active  county  magistrate,  and  grandson  of 
the  Rev.  John  Baron,  of  PatishsJl,  co.  Npn. 
'  Dee.  ...  At  Baldock,  aged  72,  Greorse 
Hickes,  esq.  M.D.'  great-grandson  of  the 
nonjuriog  Dean  of  Worcester,  and  nncle  to 
Charles  Hickes,  esq.  of  Bath. 

Jan,  6.  At  Hoddesdon,  aged  89,  Joseph 
Beldon,  esq. 

KsNT.— Oc/. ...  At  New  Cross,  R.  Edl- 
monds,  esq.  a  magistrate  for  Kent. 

Dee,  99.  In  U>e  Isle  of  Thanet,  where 
she  resided  dnrlns  her  long  life,  Mrs.  Yeo- 
mans  (formerly  IVf iss  Clunn) ,  aged  1 00  yeart, 
bems  the  only  female  bom  in  anv  braneh  of 
her  Simily  for  a  century.  Mrs.  Yeomans  vaa 
once  married,  and  had  one  son  only,  who 
died  without  issue.  Her  only  brother,  a  fiur- 
mer  at  Birchington  near  Margate,  had  also 
one  son  only,  who  succeeded  to  his  &rni, 
where  his  widow  now  resUee  i  be  had  eight 
children,  all  sons,  seven  of  whom  are 
now  living,  tradesmen  in  London.  The 
eldest,  Mr.  JobnOunn,  groeer,  of  GrayV 
inn-lane,  after  having  been  married  ten 
Years  and  had  four  sons,  has  recently 
had  a  daughter  (the  only  female  since  Mra. 
Yeomans  was  bom).  Two  of  Mr.  Clunn'a 
brothers  (Mr.  T.  Cluno,  a  partner  in 
Richardson's  coffee-house,  Coven t-gaiden, 
and  Mr.  £.  Clunn,  law  stationer.  Chancery- 
lane,)  are  also  married,  but  at  present  they 
have  sons  only. 

Jan.  3.  At  Ramsgate,  aged  77,  Josiah 
Culmer,  esq.  fatlier-in-law  to  Captain  John 
Wilson,  of  that  place,  late  of  Hull. 

Jan,  8.  At  Nottingham-lodge,  Christian, 
wife  of  Joseph  Carter,  esq.  of  Lombard. st. 

Jan.  11.  At  Deptford-bridge,  aged  80, 
Mr.  Hubert  Hoare. 

Jtn.  15.  At  the  Vicarage,  Wilmington, 
the  relict  of  Rev.  John  Wall,  V.  of  Daient. 

Lancashire. — Lately,  At  Little  Bolton, 
Mr.  Joseph  Bolton,  aged  109,  and  retaining 
his  faculties  to  the  last. 

Jan.  4.  At  Shepley  hall,  John  Lowe, 
esq.  a  magistrate  of  Lane,  and  Cheshire. 

Jan.  6.  At  the  house  of  her  son-in-law, 
Mr.  Thomas  Fleteher,  Liverpool,  aged  81, 
Mary,  wklow  of  Rev.  William  Enfield, 
LUD. 

LKicssTiRSHiRt.— Dec  ...  At  Wigston- 
parva  Hall,  Hannah,  dau.  of  Ute  Jonathan 
Grundy,  esq.  of  Lightwood  House,  Bir- 
mingham. 

Jan.  5.  At  Saaiettone,  in  her  70th  jear. 


4630] 


OllTUAIY. 


93 


H«iuwh,  widov  of  ThooMi  Ckrty  gml.  of 
Hwthtr. 

Liiicouiihirb.^Om.99.  AiCawthorpe, 
W.  Dov€«  Mq. 

Dm.  96.  Al  Boara,  in  kit  SOlk  tmt, 
W.  LftwrtoMf  esq  fonntrlj  of  Haceoobir. 

L§k^,  At  Gruthaai,  Med  ^9,  Mr.  Par- 
kiot,  conmooW  cdlcd  «•  Dr.  Parkiiw/'  a 
otltbrMtd  utroiogar  md  ibrtnoA  teller. 

At  AulMirn,  tho  widow  of  R.  LAmbCf  tsq. 

MovMOOTHBttiat.-— Jioa.  9.  At  BImda- 
vnoy  Jaac,  jouogMt  dau.  of  tho  bto  Thot. 

Hill.  tM|. 

NoRroLK.— Jion.  8.  At  Yarmouth,  aged 
A4»  William  Armitafre,  atq. 

NoRTUAMPTONtHiat.— Jaii.9.  Aged  13* 
JoliBy  Mcond  too  of  W.  Rom  Rose,  esq.  of 
Chapel  BrampCim. 

Jin.  9.  Manr,  eldest  daughter  of  the  late 
Tbomaa  Leo  Tooroton,  etq.  of  BrockhalL 

NoRTHOMtiRLANo.— At  Newcastle,  aged 
M,  Mrs.  Cecilia  Wren,  la<t  descendant  from 
SirChnstofiher  Wren,  retaining  hb  name,  in 
the  north  of  England 

.  Jon.  8.  At  Neweastle*npon*Tyne»  aged 
66,  Valentine  Hntchinsoo,  eto. 

Notts.— Jon.  9.  Aged  79»rar.R.  Frost, 
Nottingham,  one  of  the  Soeieiy  of  Frienda. 
Ha  »aa  a  meehanic  of  the  first  order,  hia 
name  heing  identified  with  the  trade  and 
poteot  iaventioaa  of  the  town.  His  mode  of 
living  was  particularly  singular  \  &»r  S6  jtax% 
he  never  tasted  animal  food,  which  pro- 
ceeded from  a  wish  to  avoid  taking  away  life. 

OzoM.— At  Black  Bourton,  In  his  100th 
year,  Mr.  Thomas  Kearse. 

Jan.  7.  Benjamin  Churchill,  esq.  one  of 
the  Aklermen  of  Woodstock. 

Jmi.  90.  At  OxfonI,  Frederick,  Infant 
SOB  of  the  Rev.  John  Antony  Craaer,  Pub- 
lic Ofator. 

Salop^— %/air.  6.  Aged  70,  Mr.  John 
Haycock,  of  the' Priory,  Shrewsbury. 

bOMUiiT. — Dec. ...  At  Marstoo-honse, 
aged  94,  Lady  Isabella  £liiabeth  Boyle,  el- 
dest daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Cork  and  Orrery. 

At  Boh,  aged  76,  Edward  Paston,  es<i.  of 
Appleton,  Norfolk,  fitther  of  the  pretent 
Lady  Bedingfield  (see  p.  SO). 

At  Bath,  advanced  m  age,  the  widow  of 
Col.  Bo  wen. 

Eliiabeth,  wifo  of  W.  Rodbard,  esq.  of 
West  Cokar-honse. 

At  Bath,  hi  his  90th  year,  John  Walmis- 
ley,  eeq.  of  Wigan,  formerly  a  Captain  in 
the  Army. 

Ok.  97.  At  Bath,  aged  89,  Mr.  Bamee, 
of  Weathwy, 

Jwn  S.  hX  ShepCoQ  Malletf,  J.  Brovai,^ 
eeq.  mamher  of  the  Rayal  CoUega  of  Sv- 


Jtm,  €.  At  Cmtk  Oht,  agad  78,  Mrs. 
Anna  Whim  Woodforda,  £■.  of  kta  Heighe^ 
W.  esq.  of  AaalMd. 

At  Bath,  agad  89,  Bfifi.  Sarah  Cotton, 
aunt  to  Sir  Vboani  Cotton,  bart.  of  Mad- 
higlay.naiMteiiavtw    Sliawaal 
dcst  dan.  of  Sir  Jobi-Hynda  tha  5th 


net,  by  Amw,  Meond  dan,  of  HmnpYuay  Plsr- 
sons,  esq.  twioe  Lord  Bfayor  of  London. 

Jan.  19.  At  Bath,  aged  73,  Jaa.  Sholto 
Douglas,  kte  Coosnl-gooeral  at  Tangier. 

STAFPORDaHiRB.  —  Lotefy,  Al  West- 
boame-crove,  W.  Q.  Johnson,  esq.  of  Port- 
way-hall. 

At  Wedneabury,  S.  F.  Crowther^  eeq.  so- 
licitor. 

Su PPOLK.—Jon.  1.    At  Sodbory,  aged 

86,  Mary,  relict  of  John  Addison,  esq. 
banker,  and  dan.  of  late  Thomas  Fenn,  eeq. 
Receiver-general  for  Su£Fnlk. 

Jan,  19.  At  Ipswich,  aged  87,  Mrs.  Ann 
Psge,  mother  of  Kear-Adro.  Page,  the  Rev. 
R.  L.  Page,  Rector  of  Paofield,  Essex,  and 
of  Samuel  Page,  esq.  of  Dulwich. 

Jan.  90.  At  Brandon,  aged  46,  Jas.  Par- 
kinson Miller  Keoyon,  esq.  late  of  the  9d 
regiment  of  Life  Guards. 

SuRRKY. — Lately.  At  Epsom,  Sir  Jamaa 
Alexander.  He  was  knighted  when  Sheriff 
of  London,  March  9,  1808. 

Jan.  8.  At  Croydon-lodge,  Thos.  Bain- 
bridge,  esq. 

Jon.  10.  At  Snrbiton-pbce,  aged  \$p 
Ano-Hodson,  dau.  of  Mr.  Aid.  Garratt. 

SvssBX.— Dee At  Brighton,  in  his 

80th  year,  Alexander  Davison,  esq.  of  Swan* 
land  Park,  co.  Northumberland,  and  for- 
merly of  St.  James's-eqnare,  Ixmdon.  Hb 
remains  were  deposited  m  the  fSunily  vault  at 
Kirk  Newton,  co.  Northnmb. 

Jan.  7.  At  Nyton  House,  near  Chiehei- 
ter,  aged  84,  Edward  Payne,  eeq. 

At  Brighton,  Capt.  C.  R.  Feed,  formerly 
of  90th  regiment  of  foot,  son  of  late  Lient.- 
Gen.  Feed,  R.  A. 

Jon.  9.  At  Chichester,  Philip  Shallett 
Marett,  esq.  of  the  Inner  Temple. 

Jon.  17.  At  Brighton,  aged  69,  Thomas 
Pediey,  esq.  of  Huddersfield  and  London. 

Westmorsland. — Jan.  6.  At  Casterton- 
hall,  afier  extreme  suflFering  for  eleven  years, 
Elisabeth,  second  dan.  of  W.  Wilson  Cams 
Wilson,  esq. 

Wilts. — Jan,  13.  At  Salisbury,  aged 
71,  Eleonora,  widow  of  the  Rev.  Archdea- 
con Coxe. 

Jan.  14.  Aged  14,  Charles  Brooghfam 
Hodding,  third  son  of  Thomas  Davis,  esq. 
of  Portway- house,  Warminster. 

WoRCtSTiRSHiRE.— Jon.  15.  At  Naplo* 
tun,  Philippa-Elizabeth,  wife  of  Mr.  Rowland 
Henry  LenthaL 

York. — Jan,  3.  At  Bishopton,  near  Rl* 
pon,  Francis  Wilkinson,  in  his  105th  year. 

Jan,  4.  At  Ellonghton,  aged  64,  Mr. 
James  Fleming,  schoolmaster  at  that  plaoa 
upwards  of  30  years. 

Laiefy,   At  Barton-upon-Humber,  agad 

87,  Mra.  Wilkinson,  mother  of  Robert  Wil- 
kinson, esq.  of  London. 

Jan,  6.  At  Daneombe  Park,  aged  90, 
the  Hon.  Adolphns  Dunoombe,  Commoner 
of  Christ  Church,  Oxford,  fourth  surviving 
ami  of  tha  £ari  of  Favenhaoi. 

Jan.  8.  At  Scarborough,  agad  60,  Mr. 


Obituary.— BiZ^  of  Martalily. — Markets, 


M 

Gtorge  WMdhottf  e  Pirr•t^  ^tpbnildttf,  nd 
memlMar  of  tha  Corponttioo. 
.    Jan,  ».  At  PoAtefnet^  aged  Wt,  Mary, 
lelici  of  Rev.  M;Im  Steodmaiu 

Jtm,  la.  At  York,  Thomaat  yimnaatt  ton 
4tf  tho  late  W.  H.  HarriMo,  M.D.  of  Ripon. 

Jan,  15.  At  Bererley,  the  widow  of  the 
Ber.  Joha  GHlby,  Lt.  B. 

Jan,  17.  At  Hull,  aged  74,  William 
WiboD,  geot.  late  a  comiderable  corn-fiictor. 

Walks. — Sept,  9\,  At  Bangor,  Anne, 
widow  of  Rer.  John  Williaina,  Vicar  of  Pro* 
bus,  Corawall,  and  dau.  of  the  late  Sir 
Wm.  Eliai  Taunton,  of  Grand  Pcmt,  near 
Oxford.  To  a  highly  cultivated  and  accom- 
plished mind  were  bieaded  all  those  Chris- 
tian crscet  that  best  adorn  our  nature,  and 
which,  thoughout  her  life,  were  exemplified 
lA  deeds  of  active  benevolence,  and  bj  the 
submissive  and  meek  endurance  of  a  painful 
awl  protraded  illness. 

JD^  AO.  At  Eglwysfaeb,  co.  Denbigh, 
aged  80,  Mr.  John  Owoi,  many  years  Clerk 
In  the  Comm^eakuiera  of  Land  Tax  and  As- 
sessed Taxes  in  the  hundred  of  Uwchddulas. 
Ha  mas  »  man  ai  very  considerable  talents. 
From  hie  tkomugh  knowledge  of  parochial 
and  other  faMinosa,.  his  aid  sod  assiataiee  in 
thetet  mattera,  as  well  aa  in  all  things  coa^ 
■eeted  with  hia  officU  situation,  were  in 
gnneral  reqneat  throttghoni  that  division  of 
tha  comneyk. 


[i 


Dte.%6,  At  DolgtOy,  Meritecthih*  W. 
Williams,  esq.  B. A.  of  Qneen's  coll.  Oxfiotfi* 

ScoTLAifD«— I>ec.ai.  Ales.  Murray  Chith- 
rie,  esq.  younger,  of  Craigie  ;  and,  Jtm.  14, 
in  his  90th  year,  Jamea  Gathrie,  as^*  of 
Craigie. 

LaiOy,  At  Edinbnrgh,  DaHd  Boation, 
esq.  Keeper  of  the  Council  Recofda. 

Jan.  4.  At  Laagley  Pbrk,  to*  Forfiav  i^id 
8ft,  Janses  Cmikshank,  esq. 

Irklamd. — Dec.  19.  At  the  Deny  Infir- 
mary, Jane  Donnel,  aged  106.  Wbea  a  giil 
of  15,  she  crossed  the  river  Foylo  on  the 
ice,  in  1739  (the  great  frost  which  conti- 
nued for  three  muntlis)  from.  Giendermott, 
where  she  hsd  purchased  n  wheel,  which 
was  the  companion  of  her  joomey  to  Aae- 
rica  in  1 800,  from  whence  Ae  returned  in 
1807,  with  the  same  wheel,  beiug  all  her 
furniture.  She  possessed  all  her  facultiee  to 
the  last. 

Latdy,  At  Clonmel,  aged  103,  Michnal 
Ivy,  a  pauper.  Ha  retained  kit  fiionltier.to 
the  last. 

Aged  108,  FfMiois  Bryans,  esq.  of  Moy, 
Tyrone. 

Abhoad. — Jimt  5.  At  AllehibnA,  M^or 
Thomaa  Aleundar  Hepwwrth,  S.I.C  cMM 
son  of  laie  Capt.  Brodie  HapwMth,r  e£  ike 
Msnsfinld  Indiaman. 

Jkme  17.  At  Chonacy  Biigil»  Majnr  Hv 
Maxwali,  4ad  rag;  KLC 


BILL  OF  MOftTAU  FY,  horn  Deo.  98,  1 889  to  Jan^  1$^  183a. 


Chrietoned. 
Maier     •     841 
Fei9|iles  -     844 


} 


1685 


l.'uried. 
Males  •  888 
tlemales  -     850 


Wherefsf  have  died  unvler  two  years  oM 
Sail  55.  per  bushel}  1  id,  {ler  poimJ. 


8  and  5  145 
5  and  10  73 
10  and  SO  55 
20  and  SO  90 
80  and  40  118 
40  and  60  1 80 


50  and 
60  and 
70^  and 
80  and 
90fttid10O 
and  101 


0O104 
70  1«8 
80  174 
90  81 
15 
1' 


CORN  BXCHANGB,  Jaa 

1.  95. 

Whent. 

ISarley. 

Oats. 

Rye. 

Beans. 

s.     d. 

s,     d. 

s,     d. 

r,     d. 

8,     d. 

78     0 

36     0 

28     0 

84.     0 

86     0 

Peat, 
r.     d, 

36     0 


Kent 


Btar.... 
r0itta. 


St.  18f.  to  8/.  05. 

5^     55.  to  6f.  Si, 

df.  1«5.  to  Tti  75. 

Fknihaai  (fine) XSlL    Or.  to  13/.  135. 


PRICE  OF  HOPS,  Jan  25. 

Famham(secondfe}. 9t 

Kent  Pockets eU 

Sossex 5t. 

Essex  «.^ SL 


or,  ea  loL  los. 

05.  tDlOf.  0^. 

St.  to  $t:  65. 

er.  to  8/.  85. 


PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW,  Jao;  25. 
Sttitfafiddv  ^uj:  91,  105.  to  4L  105.       Straw  W.  105.  to  2t  25.       Clover  9l,  155.  to  5L  Or 

SMITHFIELD,  Jan.  25*    To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  8lbi. 

4d:    iJamb M. 05.  Oif.  to  01.  Od» 

6d,  Head  of  CattMafr  Market.  Jan.  25: 

ed.  Beasts 2,573      CalvM  100 

4d  Shee|f  and  Liuuba  17,260      Piga     220 

COAL  MARKET>  Jan.  25,  325.  Od.  to  405.  Od. 

]  TALUYW,  pcflr.cirii;— Town  TJlow,  405.  od:    Yellow  Ruatia,  38s.  ed, 

^KP^Yt\\oM^.7(^M!MaA,m9.  Civ4M5.->— CAM>LIS,7^.pirdic»<Moo]ib»0fc6A 


BMfl 35.  }0d,  to  45. 

^lttttoa  .  .••.«.« 45.  Od:  to  45. 

¥Mi....«... 45.  &(.  to  55. 

Pbck.... 49.  4i2.  to  55. 


PSICES  OP  SHARES,  Jutvaxj  18.  1850, 

At  the  Offic*  of  WOLFE,  Rrdtuibi,  'Chuge  A1I«j,  Cmhin. 


LMttoa  (Stack) 

WMla&     [e«Ml>) 
-      ■    -        (Swek) 
(Scoek) 


WuotIm    .     .    . 

im.afL  . 

Aaa.«r7/.  . 


S  G<l». 

I    10 

1    1> 

1      0 

1-1     4 
0     II  S 

Li.crpuol 

lUicliff 
Rochikit 

40     0 

W».uk 

M)   0 

»^^ 

! ;:,' 

Kim,  «d  c 

!§] 

METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  bt  W.CARY,  Stsakj 

From  Dtaenbme,  I  BSD,  to  January  9S,  1 830,  hilA  iwrAuiV. 
Fthrenbcit'i  Theim.  '"  'mnlwU'i  Tluim. 


\l 


!|d^ 


DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 

Pnni  DtcembtriS,  IStS,  to  January  n ,  IBSO,  telh  inclmUt. 


South  Su  SUKk,  Jul.  IS,  IMJ.— Nn  Soutb  Sm  Abs.  Ju.  IS,  99}. 
Jib.  23,  91}.— Ju.  3T>  9t{. 
J.  J.  ARNVLL,  Sti»k  BcnUr,  Buik-biuUiagi,  CorotuU, 

late  RlCHAUWOM,  GOOBLVCS,  ud  Co. 


KI.I«MlHT-fTRUr. 


GENTLEMANS  MAGAZINE. 


[.  H>nl4-I 


•HiFirc  «•  LwdiM 
*mtl\T  Nprri 


C.>krid|»CuliiltC 
C>rMRE.-CMB>r. 
CMNHMi 


tfrfffinal  CunomnlcMlaa^. 

iMmoa  Coiiunwduk;! 98 

lAddkiauiBdCatnetiMi  taKniitOI>ituuiM((. 

iNcvTnmlMiMofZMhuHb,  rh.  ii 8S 

UtraalnCUqgjiBcB.EpiMiipdLiMrfereantOO 
PicMR  of  ■  wmciMtiMi  Puiih  fiicit . . . .  1 0 1 
Hob.  iDd  Rh.  G.  6*nccr.-4:wdliul  WsU  lOS 
DcinwtiaB  af  Sc  Mujr  Onr^'i  Cbneh...  IM 
T.iittr,  ChwA,  ad  Aot^uitiM  orDaBdrj-lOS 
Di>M«M  af  Ika  MawAcMring  Otaai.. ..  lOS 

PrograuadDMUMorWilclMnft. 107 

ChuicbofSMUbMM,  MidiUtMi 110 

Mr.  Hiniaa'a  Rapt;  W  Mr.  Vftitm IIS 

SuiMcripuoea  for  tu  NafdMn  Libnnci~>>ii. 

Notioa  sfTaiBhMk  aad  ito  Abba; 1 18 

lBi*aMt7if  RaciKda  iatha  ChapiaiHouM  1 18 
Life  aad  WrlUua  ofChriitophar  Ma[lD«a..iai 

Walk  tlira^h  tbe  Hifthhndi Iflfi 

Mr.HullilwFaaBdatarthaThMUicalFiuuLlia 

Hrtiira  tr  Jftcu  ^tilcatitntf. 


FEBRUARY,    1830. 

[PUBLISHED  MARCH  I,  1930.] 


RaT.  J.Giahaa  _. 

{    CanD;aglun'iU*aiorBiiC.Artiua>Vul.if.  141 

Memnin  uf  tba  Tower  DfLaiuliu] 1 44' 

I    Moon '■  Lift  of  Lard  BjTon KG] 

{    GalrJimidoD  tb«Di«4biUt!a*of  tbt  J«m...IM 
I    BnuubT'*  Hiitoi7  of  Canwnon  Ctidc...  .ISlI 

HuDUr't  Diarv  of  RWph  Ttiombr. . 
I    Mn.  Br^'trmof  nti-Ford.... 


..I68„ 

L1TII  laV  I  NTILLiaEMCt. -N  ■  ■ 

Sala  of  Lnid  Bjf  os'i  Poemi.-FraDch  Dmnklss 

Ahieui  Tuudiiig. 

AansDiRUH  HuHicHta 

SiLICT  PotTBV 168 

Vi^ocical  Cbronkle. 
Prneaediiigi  in  prcMRt  Sauiuo  of  PaHiamcot  1 64 

DoBwitic  Oecumuce* 

Pronotion,  Ite.  IGS^Martiuai 

OiiTUiRV;  witb  MiBoin  of  the  Qoaan  of 
Portugal )  Hun.  J.  HiiDcbUiD ;  Gea.  Sir  H. 
Clinbin  i  Sli  Thoi.  Lanrtoc* :  Geo.  Daaa, 
.  Tki  Gerdd  I  Dr  Wauon ;  Rm. 


Lanlcr't  Racunfa  nf  CUfqwrUHi'iEiKditlDa  1 2»   I      W.   Birth  1  Mr.  Lill;  Wigs,  F.LS. ;   IT. 
Bun'iLibuidTian  oFFrascHl IS3  £*biD  Tmlie,  Ev).[  Itc.fte 17] 


e*biD  TiHlie,   Km).[  Stc.  ii 17; 

Kll  uf  MortaJilT.— MarkaU,  IM.~Sbaml9L 
I    Maiaoruloglcal  Diu]r. — Prioci  of  Slo«la..lB9 


a  Via*  of  th*  Chdkch  and  Towi>  at  Dunnar,  eo.  Sonanat; 
bo  *Ilh  Bapmactatiani  of  aDioa  ihcikkt  Helici  in  TiviiToCi  CHuacH ; 
CiFT.  CLirpiaToit'a  FuHsaiil:  tad  Spaeimau  of  Aivictv  TiTTooma. 

By    SYLVANUS    URBAN,    Gent. 


[    98    ] 


MINOR    CORRESPONDENCE. 


W«  have  commnnieated  Mr.  Beard's  let- 
ter to  the  writer  of  the  article  compIaiDed 
of;  and  his  answer  is  as  follows: — <*Mr. 
Beard  had  certainly  no  idea  of  meeting  with 
a  raaor  in  the  critic^  a  Trinitarian  Clergy- 
maa  of  the  Church  of  England.  The  latter 
is  bound  by  the  canons  and  his  ordination 
vow,  to  support  the  doctrine  of  the  Church 
to  which  he  belongs  ;  and  that  doctrine  b> 
that  unless  Christ  be  God  as  well  as  man, 
the  atonement  is  not  eiBcaotous.  The  main 
point  of  Mr.  B.'s  letter  is  a  denial,  that  the 
Unitarians  argue  di  priori  concerning  Deity ; 
but  how  is  it  possiole  for  them  to  impugn 
the  doctrine  of  the  Trinity,  without  predi- 
cating, that  there  cannot  be  a  Triune  Ueity, 
the  possibility  of  which  even  Hume  admits  ? 
As  to  other  points  of  his  letter,  many  Cler- 
gymen are  ot  opinion  (and  not  without  rea- 
son] that  Unitarianism  tempts  Its  follow- 
ers to  commit  the  sin  against  the  Holy 
Ghost;  and  therefore  is  the  most  perni- 
cious form  of  Dissent.  Concerning  the  in- 
sults in  Mr«  B.'s  letter,  the  Clergy  every  day 
meet  with  rampant  sectaries  of  all  kinds, 
and  if  they  know  their  duty,  only  pray  for 
the  conversion  of  them,  in  common  with 
Jews,  Turks,  infidels,  and  heretics.'* 

A.  Z.  A.  is  informed,  that  his  MS.  copy 
of  Bishop  Lake's  dving  Declaration,  was 
copied  from  "A  Dewnce  of  the  Profession 
which  the  Ute  Right  Rev.  John  late  Lord 
Bishop  of  Chichester,  made  upon  his  death- 
bed, concerning  Passive  Obedience  and  the 
new  Oaths;  together  with  an  Account  of 
some  passagea  of  his  Life,  by  Rob.  Jenkins, 
1690,*'  4to;  and  that  the  said  declaration, 
or  **  profession,*'  is  quoted  by  Mr.  Dalla- 
way,  m  his  memoirs  of  the  Bishops  of  Chi- 
chester, History  of  Sussex,  vol.  I.  p.  91. 

A  Constant  Reader  asks  for  <<some 
particulars  relative  to  the  pedigree,  arms, 
&c.  of  the  family  of  Bamham,  of  Boughton 
Monchency,  Kent.  Hasted  mentions  seve- 
ral of  the  family.  The  baronetcy  became 
extinct  some  time  in  the  latter  part  of  the 
17th,  or  the  earlier  part  of  the  18th  cen- 
tury." In  the  Appendix  to  the  late  edition 
of  bebrett'a  Baronetage,  the  baronetcy  is 
stated  to  have  lasted  only  fix>m  1668  to 
1685. 

The  followmg  are  corrections  of  our  re- 
cent Obituaries,  Ike— December,  p.  659, 
The  family  name  of  the  Marquess  ofHead- 
fort  is  not  Taylour :  all  the  family  write 
their  nauM  Taylor.  The  former  mode  of 
spelling  has  obtained  place  in  the  Peerages 
probably  from  confusion  wiih  the  Earl  of 
Winterton's  name.  Tumour.  In  the  same 
article»  for  Kello  read  Kells ;  and  for  Long- 
ford, Viscoimteas  LangfiMd.— P.  571.  The 


late  Archdeacon  Heatheote  lost  his  wife» 
the  daughter  of  Dr.  Wall,  af^r  the  birth 
of  one  son ;  and  he  contracted  a  accoad 
marriage  with  Miss  Beadon  of  Stoneham,  a 
relation  of  the  lata  Bishop  of  Bath  and 
Welb,  by  whom  he  had  fife  children  i  who 
live  to  deplore  the  loss  of  both  parents, 
-Mrs.  HeatQcote  having  died  a  short  time 
before  the  Archdeacon.— 'Ibid.  The  Rev. 
John  Strange  DandridgCy  was  M.  A.  of 
Worcester  Colleige,  Oxford,  where  he  was 
formerly  on  the  roondation.  It  was  another 
clergyman  of  the  same  names  (we  presume 
his  father),  and  who  ia  now  Rector  of  Roaa- 
ham,  Oxfordshire,  and  Slresham,  North- 
amptonshire, that  waa  of  Emanuel  ColkgCf 
Cambridge.  —  P*  686,  for  the  county  of 
Roes,  read  RoacommoBd— P.  647.  The  Rev. 
John  Wilde  was  son  of  John  Wiide,  esq.  of 
Harnage,  by  Miss  Dodd,  a  lady  of  an  an- 
cient Mmily.  Besides  the  third  portion  of 
Pontesbury,  he  held  the  minbt^  of  Al- 
brighton  Chapel  near  Shrewsbury;  where 
lie  was  a  forcible  and  energetic  pitachery 
and  had  formed  a  Sunday  School.  He  died 
on  the  1 6th  Dec.  and  his  remains  were  in- 
terred in  the  Church  of  Cound.— January, 
p.  76,  a.  19  from  bottom,  for  Barrymoont 
read  Barrowmount  i  b.  1 1  from  bottMU,  for 
Hon.  John  Spencer  read  John  Spencer,  esq. 
and  for  niece  read  couaia. — ^P.  77>  b.  ton 
three  lines,  beginning  **  The  Viaoonnty  of 
Fenton,"  were  mtended  to  cooolode  the  ar-« 
tide^— P.  79,  b.  87>  for  James  Dupr^  of 
Whilton  Park,  read  Joeias  Dopr^  of  Wil- 
ton Park.— P.  87.  Mr.  Gorioj^s  second  wifo 
was  Miss  Luxford,  not  SaxnHdi  and  baa 
third  wifo  was  not  his  cousm,  befaig  Am 
daughter  of  Dr.  Balhurd  by  another  wifo,  n 
daughter  of  T.  G.  Waller,  eaq.  of  Winches- 
ter.—Ibid.  Mr.  Chamberbyne  died  at  Wee- 
ton  Grove  near  Southampton  t  he  never  re- 
akled  at  Crauburv  Park.  He  waa  not  the 
son  of  the  late  Ladv  Holland,  nor  waa  shn 
ever  married  to  his  father  (into  which  mis- 
take we  were  led  by  Debrett's  Peerage,  un- 
der Zouche)  t  but  only  to  Mr.  Dummer  and 
Mr.  Dance  (afterwards  Sir  Nathaniel  Hol- 
land), by  neither  of  whom  had  ahe  issue. 
Mr.  Chamberiayne  the  elder  was  solicitor  to 
Mr.  Dummer,  and  acquired  the  letter's  mu- 
nificent bequest  from  personal  regard,  not, 
it  is  believed,  from  any  affinity  or  fomily 
connection.  On  occasion  of  King  George 
HI.  visiting  Winchester  school  in  1778,  Vhm 
late  Mr.  Chamberiayne  was  selected  to  deli- 
ver a  apeech  to  his  Majesty.  The  last  pa- 
ragraph, <m  the  eraaure  of  the  worda  "  nb 
mother,"  will  be  correct. — P.  98.  Lady  Isa- 
lielU  Boyb  died  Dec.  94.  Mr.Kenyoo  at 
hb  death  was  Captain  half-pay  t5th  foot. 


THE 

GENTLEMAN'S     MAGAZINE. 


FEBRUARY,    1830. 


ORIGIN  All   eOMMUNICATIONB. 


NBW  TtAMSfiATIOV   OF  ZBCUARIAH,  C.   IX. 


Mr.  UmiAV,  Feb.  2. 

I  HAVE  frequenily  obterred  wiih 
pleaiare  the  maoly  tpirit  with 
which  voo  have  stood  (orwanJ  in  the 
cause  oi  fdigioa.  This  induces  me  to 
believe  that  what  I  have  here  to  of- 
ler  for  a  pasc  of  vour  Miscellany,  will 
be  io  accord  with  the  general  tenor 
ofiL 

It  is  not  as  a  poetical  composition 
that  1  wish  to  obtrude  it  upon  notice. 
One   who   has   attempted   poetij  in 
his  joQlh,  may  be  allowed  to  dwindle 
into  a  translator  in  adranccd  life,  and 
yoa  will  find  me  to  be  little  more  than 
a  poetical  commentator.     With  hints 
derived  from  Bishop  Lowth,  and  some 
conjectures  of  my  own,  I  would  fain 
believe  that  I  may  have  rendered  in« 
telligible  to   your    serious   readers   a 
chapter  of  Zechariah»  who  yields  to 
few  of  the  Hebrew  prophets,  for  the 
awfulocsa  of  bis  predictions,   poeti- 
cal iaaagery,  and  tender  and  afftrction- 
ate  appeals.     The  three  events,  the 
successes  of  the  Maccabees,  the  de- 
sirucfion  of  Jerusalem,  and  the  con- 
flicts which  the  Jews  may  have  to  sus- 
tain upon   their  restoration  to  their 
once  highly  favoured  city,  as  also  the  vic- 
torious rcsok  of  them,  and  their  con- 
version at  that  tim^  are  sometimes  ab- 
ruptly placed  in  juxta-position,  and 
expressed  in  terms  of  Pindaric  force 
and  brevity  $  so  that  it  requires  much 
attention  to  detach  them,  and  discover 
the  great  richneas  they  derive  from  the 
comparison,  or  contrast  observable  in 
this  arrangeoicnt. 

The  dear  understanding  of  these 
predictions  becomes  exceedingly  iute- 
rcating  in  the  present  momentous  timef, 
not  nlefcly  as  a  matter  of  curiosity,  but 
as  mo  JudncfmcBt  to  sciioiuncsa. 


YoiifSy&c. 


X. 


ZiiniAaiAH,  c.  IX. 

The  burthra  of  the  Lard's  portentoas  word 
Oo  Sjfisn  Hsdfsch  pretsetli  heavily ; 
On  proud  Dunueoi  too,  a  tardier  prey* 
lu  weight  thaU  rest;— ^he  attoaislisd  hea- 

theo, 
And  Israel  looking  heavenward,  iball  expeet. 
Each  in  their  torn,  the  advaacing  punish- 

ment. 
On  either  confine  Hamath,  just  where  Syria 
Toucheth  the  district  of  enlightened  Sldon, 
(Sidon,  informed,  tn  all  bnt  heavenly  wis- 
domO  Pjre* 

Hamath  shall  fall.    Thoa  further  distant 
Tremble; — for  though  thy  bulwarks  they 

be  strong. 
Yet  not  impregnable, — thy  gold  and  silver 
Be  plentiful,  and  scarcely  more  resarded 
Than  thy  street  sweepings,  what  shall  these 
avail  thee  ?  [Lord's  hand, 

HurI'd  from  their  heights  thy  tow'rs  by  the 
Shall  roll  into  the  sea,  thy  lesser  buildings 
Devour'd  by  fire  shall  blaze  and  disappear. 
How  shudders  Askelon,  how  Gaza  moomsy 
Ekron  abashed,  content  to  lay  aside 
Her   high  pretensions,  Gaza  laments  her 

King; 
Bnt  none  remain  in  Askelon  to  weep. 
One  of  strange  race  henceforth  shall  dwell 
in  Ashdod :  [tasted  flesh 

There  £ills  Philistia's  pride.— Ah  !  have  ye 
Of  human  sacrifice  ? — I'll  tear  away 
The  hateful  morsel  from  your  teeth  and  lips  i 
And  if  a  few  be  spared,  they  shall  acknow- 
ledge 
The  mighty  God :  these  Jndah  shall  esteem 
As  her  own  citizens,  advance  to  honours 
In  Sion  or  afiir,— in  friendly  union 
Shall  treat  them  as  the  Jebusite-of  old. 
Who  dwelt  where  Sion  and  her  temple  stand : 
And  as  the  tide  of  war  rolls  on  toward  Egypt, 
Or  ebbing  brinp  the  conqoeior  back,  my 

host 
Of  angels  shall  encamp  anmnd  my  temple ; 
And  Maeedoa's  vietorions  king  shall  show 
Ualook'd-fiir  finronr.    Hence  shall  oppres- 
sion csase. 
With  pityiac  eye  since  I  regard  my  people. 

Yet,  dawiter  of  Jerusalem,  rejoice  t 
In  coBisa  ec  tine  a  moit  victorious  King 


100 


Intrusive  Clergymen,  and  Episcopal  Interference,  [Feb. 


lo  pomp  shall  p«ss  thy  walls,  and  enter  in. 
Shout,  sbout  aluudff  Zjoo,  behold,  be  curoes ! 
Ji«st,  an4the  ilnner'i  juitifier,  lovly, 
Borne  on  an  ass'a  foal,  to  thee  He  brings 
Salvation,  and  to  all  who  own  Uii  sway. 
Jerusalem  shall  war  no  more,  nor  £phraim 
Direct  the  horse,  the  charioti  or  tne  bow. 
Messiah's  voice   shall  hush  the  world  to 

peace,  [nion 

Compose  the  heathen,  and  his  vast  domi- 
Sliall  from  Enphmtes  reaeh  eirtb'i  diftaot 

bounds ;  ['tea. 

Truth,  peace,  and  bliss,  prevail  from  sea  to 
And  as  for  thee,  whose  sons  are  prisoners. 
Deep  in  the  pit  of  siBy  to  whoM  parch'd  lips 
The  current  of  life's  waters  is  denied, 
I  call  them  fiorth.     Hit  blood  has  ransomed 

them ; 
With  this  red  dye  He  sealed  yoor  covenant. 
Ah !  turn  ye,  turn  ye,  prisoners,  in  hope 
And  strong  assurance,  to  that  safe  defence 
By  Him  erected.— Yea !  have  ya  soffsred 

deeply  ? 
With  double  blessinp  1*11  requite  your  painA. 
But  tho'  that  time  M  distant,  even  now 
Shall  Jodah  fill  the  bow  of  Ephraim, 
Ai  a  w«og*d  arrow  drawn  unto  the  head ; 
Tiiy  i^ns  a  mighty  sword  shall  with  keen 

edge 
Fall  on  the  ranks  of  Macedoo,  while  flashiiw 
Aa  lightning  firom  above,  the  Lord's  swift 

shafts 
Shall  hasten  their  discomfiture,  the  blast 
Of  trumpet,  and  the  southern  whirlwind's 

roar  [own. 

IShall  noark  His  presence,  and  protect  His 

By  the  Lord's  nelp  'twas  thus  the  strip* 

ling  Dsvul  [vails, 

LaSd  low  his  mightier  foe.  Their  shout  pre- 
The  shout  of  heroes  drunk  vdth  victorv ; 
For  gore,  not  wine,  shall  fill  their  bowb, 

their  foes 
As  victims  heap'd  upon  the  altar  lie. 
Thus  shall  He  save  His  flock.    Thus  shall 

they  shine 
As  Jewels  in  a  crown ;  their  radiant  light 
From  distant  lands  shall  draw  them  prose- 
lytes. 
Jehovah,  good  as  great.  His  bounty  sheds 
On  those  he  favours ;  rich  with  com  and 

wine. 
He  blesses  them.    The  lus^  harvest  man, 
And  vintage  maid,  who  cuU  what  He  bestows. 
With  sparkling  countenance  bespeak  His 

g»ft»>  [praise. 

With  joyous  hearts  and  tongues  resound  hU 

.  Mr.  UiiRAir,  Feb.  13. 

A  RECENT  narober  of  the  Gen- 
ikman'a  Magiftiiie  (Nov.  |i.  400) 
contnnt*  a  ftattment  of  two  or  three 
ntianeci,  ta  which  psfocbial  hiinb- 
ten  are  repreiented  to  have  been  in- 
oomremeoced  by  the  intnMion  of  other 
Clergymen  into  their  pariihes  on  be- 
half of  the  Bible  Society.  Oneofthew 


accounts  relating  to  a  gentleman  "  of 
high  clerical  aocomplitbmenlsy"  iqay 
pcMsilily  have  been  intended  ai  a  de- 
scription of  what  lately  occurred  in 
the  West  of  England,  thoogh  it  doea 
not  perfectly  agree  with  all  the  facts. 

The  case  was  this.  At  the  request 
of  several  churchmen  and  dissenters* 
the  respectable  Curate  of  a  market- 
lown  attended  a  mceling  in  an  adja- 
cent parish,  to  endeavour  to  fomi  a 
Bible  Association.  This  parish,  thoush 
inhabited  by  many  very  respectable 
farmers,  was  pccoharly  destitute  of 
the  Scriptures  among  the  poor.  It 
had  scarcely  a  benevolent  society  with- 
in its  limits,  and  happened  at  that  time 
to  he  undergoing  a  change  of  Minla* 
ters.  The  new  Curate  nad.iott  ar* 
rived ;  he  had  been  informed  of  tho 
proposed  meeting,  and  invited  to  pa^ 
side ;  and  had  expressed  himself  ob^ 
liged  for  the  invitation,  but  deoliDcd 
being  present,  merely  on  the  plea  of 
argent  business.  He  foaod  time, 
however,  to  come  with  a  gentlemaii 
farmer,  and  interropted  the  meetings 

Somised  that  the  poor  ahoold  have 
ibles  gratis,  and  did  m  much  as  bo 
could  to  prevent  the  establishment  of 
the  Association.  To  this  day  five  Bi- 
bles have  not  been  distribated.  Tho 
Diocesan  is  known  to  be  vnfavoorable 
to  the  Bible  Society,  and  eompUiDt 
was  quickly  dispatched  U»  him  (it  it 
not  said  by  whom)  of  tbts  intmsioB. 
The  consequence  was,  a  atrong  hint  to 
the  intruder  from  the  learned  Biahop, 
of  the  impropriety  of  soeh  an  ioaarfcr- 
ence. 

In  the  same  town,  a  great  wrestling 
match  had  been  prelected  to  take  plaea 
that  very  week,  and  large  rewards  wtie 
offered  to  the  victors.  The  samerrc* 
spectable  Curate,  prompted  by  a  seiMo 
of  doty,  exerted  himself  also  on  that 
occasion.  His  discourses  were  emi* 
nently  calculated  to  discourage  a  smv* 
tade  so  unworthy  of  a  Christian  land 
and  a  civilised  age ;  and  he  had  a  rtm* 
sonable  hope  that  few  of  his  faeareta 
would  attend.  Bot  what  was  the  W9* 
suit  ?  The  wrestling  took  place,  a  vast 
deal  of  drunkenness  and  profligaoy  ehw 
sued  I  bad  characters  came  purposely 
from  a  neighbouring  sea-port ;  and  tho 
seene  was— not  indieed  hoooared,  but 
— <lisgrBced  by  the  preaenee  and  conn^ 
tenance  of  a  Clergyman  from  an  ad* 
joining  parish,  and  many  of  his  peo- 
ple! No  remonstrance  from  the  Dio- 
cesan followed  ihi$  intrusion;  proba* 


i8S0.] 


Pkiure  of  a  amicieniioui  Pamh  Prkii. 


101 


bly  DO  one  thought  it  a  duty  to  act  the 
|iert  of  ao  ioibrmer. 

Now  let  thcK  two  eatea  be  preacni- 
cd  together  to  the  readers  of  the  Gen* 
tleman's  Magiiioe,  aoioiig  whonip  it 
appean,  are  a  large  number  of  the 
Clergy  I  and  let  them  take  a  fair  and 
unpre|tMliced  view  of  the  natural  con- 
tcquencet  of  each*  In  the  one  caie,  b 
a  populous  naritht  very  iU  supplied 
with  the  Hoqr  dcriptnres.  without  any 
efficient  efibns  being  made  to  provide 
tbein  i  and  a  neicbbouring  Cler^nan^ 
who  lends  his  Jitinterestcd  assistance* 
under  peculiar  circumstances,  to  esta« 
blish  the  means  of  supply,  is  denoune-i 
cd  as  an  onpardonable  inuuder.  Per-^ 
sons  well  affrcted  towards  the  Church 
of  England  are  scandalised  with  the 
atteropit  to  frustrate  such  an  obfect, 
and.  with  the  want  of  candour  dlsplav- 
ed^ln  the  other  case,  b  an  upright 
Minister  doing  his  utmost  to  check 
ihe  torrent  oT  immorality  among  bi» 
parishioners;  but  the  flood-gates  are 
iMnken  down  by  an  union  of  profli- 
gate and  unthinking  persons,  counte* 
nanoed  by  a  pastor,  whose  decided 
duty  It  is  to  exhort  against  "  drunken* 
ncsa,  revdlings,  and  such  like."  Thb 
is  se/mfltea,  with  a  witness !  Who  can 
avoid  applying  the  words  of  the  author 
of  the  Task?— 

<*  Frofli  such  apoftlet,  oh,  ye  mitred  beads, 
Frtttfvt  the  Chuccb !  sad  lay  not  careless 

hsadi 
Ob  tkaUt  thss  eaoiiot  taaeh,  aad  will  not 

leanir 

From  the  result  in  both  instances, 
the  cause  of  diiaent  ineviubly  receives 
additional  confidence  and  strcnaih; 
while  the  Ministers  of  the  Church  of 
England,  who  adopt  such  courses  of 
proceeding,  are  assuredly,  whatever 
they  themselves  may  think,  amoont 
her  most  formidable  enemies,  ''  the 
foe  within  her  walU." 

Fairnett  and  impartiality  will  doubts 
lesa  procure  the  insertion  of  this  in  the 
ne&t  number  of  the  Gentleman's  Ma« 
tf^iinc,  and  prevent  the  necessity  of 
Its  .^ng  introduced  to  public  notice 
tbrai^  another  channel.  A. 

■  Mr.  Urbav, 

HAVING  pMrtioipated  in  the  en- 
jo^rnient  of  some  of  those  fissti* 
vitica  wuich  gUdden  the  social  season 
of  Chrbtmast  in  a  country  village  re- 
mote from  the  great  Metro|>olis,  and 
in  the  hospitabk  panonegt  of  a  loiig* 


valued  friend,  I  hope  it  may  be  exeiis- 
able,  and  not  altogether  nsuseful,  if  I 
endeavour  to  sprMid,  through  the  mc^ 
dium  of  your  widely  circulating  Mapr 
aine,  a  portion  of  tlie  satisfaction  which 
amoii^  numerous  instanm  of  an  mh 
propriate  use  of  clerical  ulents  and  cm- 
rical  influence  I  experienced  from  the 
judicious  exercise  of  the  sacred  officn 
by  a  man  of  great  worth  and  learning, 
whose  lot  has  placed  him  in  retirement^ 
but  whose  example  should  be  the  ob- 
ject of  neoeral  imitation  amongst  bin 
more  affluent  and  osore  fortunate  bre- 
thren. The  amiable  divine  who,  after 
the  cessation  of  interconne  of  half  a 
century,  has  been  accidentally  (or  migiht 
I  say  providentblly)  brought  within  my 
view,  has  been  a  constant  resident  duiw 
iug  the  greater  portbn  of  that  period 
of  time  amongst  the  woods  and  wiUa 
of  a  district  but  little  freouented  byrth* 
traveller,  and  surroundeo  by  a  populftv 
tion  perhaps  as  rude  and  unrefined  aa 
any  of  equal  extent  in  this  improving 
country.  My  intention  b  not  to  write 
a  panegyric  on  his  character,  but  tor 
describe  what  I  saw  and  heard  i  and 
to  leave  the  unvarnished  narrative  t» 
|Koduce  its  own  effect  without  any  d^* 
sire  to  captivate  by  the  glare  ot  misre- 
presenution,  or  the  ostentatioua  dis- 
play of  virtues,  whose  mild  radianen 
would  be  sullied  by  such  an  attempt. 

First,  then,  for  what  I  saw ;  which 
to  me  indeed  seemed  almost  cqmlly 
unusual  and  gratifving,— I  saw,  Mr. 
Urban,  a  neat,  onierljr*  attentive  cdo- 
gregation  assembled  in  the  perbh 
church,  at  the  regular  and  accnatomed 
timea  of  Divine  Service  on  Sundays ; 
and  several  (certainly  not  many)  de» 
cent  aged  and  equally  orderly  and  ai» 
tentive  persons  as  regularly  congre- 
gated in  the  same  place  on  each  oAhe 
Wednesdays  and  Fridays  during  my 
visit  there;  as  also  on  an  intermediate 
red  letter  day,  which  it  b  the  custom 
of  this  same  pastor  (%vho  perhaps  nay 
be  called  eccentric  as  well  as  imfii- 
sliionable)  to  observe  with  the  same 
reaularity  as  he  found  it  to  have  been, 
when  he  entered  upon  his  living. 

I  saw  thb  same  old*fashioned  pastor 
diligently  attentive  to  the  duty  ofSrirft- 
ing  two  or  three  sick  persont  whoae 
oonditioa  required  hb  personal  atten- 
tion at  their  respective  habitationa,— 
saw  him  equally  attentive  to  the  doe 
superintendance  of  a  small  charity 
scnool  in  his  village,  upon  which  has 
btcD  grafted  a  Sutiday  school  of 


im 


Pkture  of  a  conscieuiious  Parish  PrieiL 


[P€b. 


dcrn   establishroenty  and  for  the  accom- 
niod  ation  of   which  shaving  refiised 
that  his  chancel  should  be  converted 
into  a  school  ropm«  at  he  h'kewise  ob* 
jecu  to  permit  the  use  of  his  church 
for  any  but  ecclesiastical  |nir|X)ses,)  his 
assistance  has  mainly  contributed   to 
supply  an  appropriate  building.    I  saw 
the  distribution  of  unostentatious  cha* 
rities,  and  the  interposition  of  mild 
persuasive  advice,  to  reconcile  conflict- 
ing opinions,  and  promote  harmony 
and  good  neighbournood.    I  saw,  too, 
all  ranks,  ages,  and  degrees  of  people 
in  the  village  which  I  am  describing, 
concurrent    in    their    expressions    of 
good    will    towards    their    minister; 
though  entertaining  extremelv  oppo- 
site opinions  with  regard  to  nis  rigid 
adherence  to  old  customs  and  old  fa- 
shioned habits,  his  opposition  to  mo- 
dern  alterations,  dislike  of  dress   a- 
moogst  the  lower  classes,  and  severity 
(as  it  was  called   by  some)  towards 
those  customs  which  the  neighbour- 
ing clergy  permitted  or  connived  at 
without  censure.  Without  descending 
to  more  minute  particulars  of  what  I 
saw,  I  will  proceed  to  what  I  heard. 
And  as  I  have  related  with  fidelity 
what  I  saw,  I  will  mention  nothing 
that  I  heard  without  a  voucher  for  its 
truth.    I  heard  that  after  several  un- 
successful e£Forts  to  establish  conven- 
ticles, and  set  up  dissenting  congrega- 
tions in  this  parish,  not  one  had  been 
successful.    Not  through  the  opposi- 
tion of  authoritative  influence,  or  the 
manifestation  of  a  persecuting  spirit ; 
but  by  the  fair  and  effectual  preventive 
of  there  being  no  room  nor  occasion 
for  any  such  addition  to  the  ministerial 
function,  where  at  all  the  stated  times 
which  orthodoxy  permits,  but  at  no 
other  than  when  sanctioned  by  si»ch 
aothoritj,   the    Liturgy,   Sacraments, 
and  ordinances  of  the  Church,  as  by 
Jaw  established,  were  constantly,  dili- 

gently,  and  ably  performed  and  cele- 
rated,  without  evasion,  reluctance,  or 
deviation,  and  by  the  minister  law- 
fully appointed  thereto.  No  corpse 
had  been  left  unburied,  or  inconve- 
nient time  assigned  for  the  perform- 
ance of  that  solemn  but  certainly  la- 
boiious  part  of  the  Clergyman's  duty. 
No  child  left  unbaptised  because  the 
minister  was  absent  from  home ;  and 
as  a  due  degree  of  attention  was  paid 
to  the  spiritual  comforts  of  the  people, 
so  their  temporal  wants  were  not  neg- 
lected, and  the  zeal  of  the  sectaiian 


found  no  room  for  the  intrusion  of  hit 
crude  theology,  nor  opportunity  of  in* 
gratiating  himself  by  decbtming  aninat 
the  sloth,  negligence,  pride,  or  aelftth* 
ness  of  the  Vhurck  Mimiier. 

«  What  shall  we  do.  Sir,"  aaid  a 
grey-headed  old  larroer,  liyiog  iip«i 
his  own  esute  in  the  nirith,  "ividi 
the  travelling  preacher  ttiat  is  eomelo 
preach  under  tne  tree?"  (in  th«  middle 
of  the  village).  ^'  Ask  him  lo  ge  bone 
with  you,  and  give  him  tome  breed 
and  cheese  for  his  trouble;  if  I  weie  le 
hear  him  I  should  i"  was  the  reply  of 
this  eccentric  divine  ;*^nd  so,  ate 
two  or  three  haraneues  mndir  ike  irtf^ 
the  itinerant  took  nis  leave,  and  left 
the  villagers  to  go  to  chorch,  aa  their 
fathers  had  done,  and  as  they  coniinae 
to  do,  without  a  iingie  mHkodi$i  mt 
dittenier   amongst  t£tm  /^   Not    that 
the  parson  at  all  shapes  his  diaooonca 
to  ttie  accommodating  topica  whick 
perhaps  may  be  supposed^  to  have  bed 
some  influence  in  rendering  bim  po» 
pular.  By  no  means.    He  depepda  nol 
upon  the  will  and  pleasure  ofbis  bear- 
ers as  the  lecturer  or  the  sectarian  doci» 
for  the  opportunity  and  the  right  wbieb 
he  possesses ;  he  exercises  it  with  jdia* 
cretion,  but  with  independent  aiiiceriy» 
as  a  true  son  of  the  Chureb.    Rank, 
station,  age,  sex,  all  equally-  bit  beer- 
ers,  are  equally  the  objects  of  bb  te> 
gaid  in  his  discourses :  and  that  I  may 
not  trespass  too  long,  I  wSl  beg  Icere 
to  give  an  instance  of  it»  fay  addiob 
that  in  two  of  his  sermoiia  wbicb  i 
happened  to  hear,  the  discosMoa  waa 
in  the  first  from  a  verse  in  Hoacay  **  Ye 
have  f>loughed  wickednesa,  te  bare' 
reaped  iniquity,  ye  haye  eaten  the  fmit 
of  lies,  because  thou  didst  tmat  in  tbr 
way"  (ch.  x.  13) ;  and  in  the  aeBOii^ 
from  its   accompaniment,  "Sow   to 
yourselves  in   righteoosneta,  reap  in 
mercy,  break  up  your  fellow  groond  | 
for  it  is  time  to  seek  the  Lord,  till  be 
come    and    rain    righteousness   npoa 
you.*'  (ch.  X.  le.)    Now,  Mr.  Urban, 
the  efl*ect  of  this  sort  of  preaekmg  mud 
living  being  exemplifled  as  I  bare  de- 
scried, I  cannot  help  thinking  that 
as  similar  effects  are  usually  foniiPlb' 
be  produced  bv  similar  causea,  tbm 
would  be  mucn  less  pride  and  cafct« 
ousness,  and  ill  neishbourhobd  and 
idleness,  and  quarrelling  and  disho* 
nesty,  and  infinitely  leu  cant  and  fii« 
naticism  and  hypocriqr  amongst  tbe 
people  of  EndUind,  if  such  examplea 
as  that  which  I  have  cited  were 


183a] 


Hon.  and  Rtv.  G.  Spencer.— Cardmal  Weld. 


103 


common  amongit  us ;  and  if  there  were 
fewer  plomlitts  and  noo*retidcnis,  and 
fox-homing,  shooting*  gambling,  danc- 
ing, electioneering,  and  justice-hont- 
ing  Clergy,  than  are  frequently  to  be 
met  with.  Firz-DBACOM. 

Mr.  Urban,  Feb.  18. 

ACCORDING  to  an  account  piib- 
liihed  yesterday  in  the  Morning 
Herald  and  other  papers,  the  Hon.  and 
Rev.  Gemrge  Spencer,  yonngeu  son  of 
Esrl  Spencer,  publicly  renounced  the 
principles  of  the  Protesunt  Church  of 
England,  in  the  Catholic  Chapel  at 
Leicester  on  Saturday  last,  and  em* 
braced  the  tenets  of  the  Catholic  reli- 
gion, into  whose  service  it  is  said  he  is 
to  be  received  as  a  priest.  The  con- 
version of  so  amiable  and  illustrious  a 
nobleman  in  these  eventful  days,  is  in 
itself  not  a  little  remarkable ;  but  what 
fenders  it  more  so  is,  that  by  the 
change  he  will  have  to  forego  a  very 
large  and  lucrative  church  preferment, 
amounting  to  near  three  thousand  a 
year.  This  (act,  whatever  may  be 
thoiicht  of  the  change  itself,  is  highly 
creditable  to  the  honesty  of  him  who 
has  made  so  mat  a  pecuniary  sacrifice 
for  the  sake  <m  his  cmiseience.  This  \% 
the  seventh  or  eighth  person  of  conse- 
quence, who  hasl)cen  converted  with- 
in as  many  years;  among  the  number 
may  be  reckoned  several  scholars  from 
Cambridge. 

If  we  credit  the  papers,  conversion 
is  going  on  at  a  great  rate  in  some 
countries,  in  Germany,  for  instance, 
and  in  Pbland.  The  letter  published 
in  the  Chronicle  by  the  Rev.  Morrb 
James  of  Ptombridge  is  certainly  not 
calculated  to  dissuade  men  from  the 
change  from  Protestant  to  Catholic 
religion.  And  indeed  there  is  a  some- 
thing in  the  tenor  of  the  times,  and  in 
the  course  that  religious  politics  have 
taken,  that  looks  very  much  as  if  Ca- 
tholicism would  again  increase ;  while 
the  liberal  sentiments  entertained  by 
all  modern  Catholics*  and  the  esta- 
blishment of  the  great  principle  of 
civil  and  religious  liberty,  by  the  late 
enactments,  will  guarantee  the  public 
against  the  bimtted  encroachment  of 
any  religious  faction  whatever,  while 
charity  and  profbse  munificence  to- 
wards the  poor  and  needy  will  spring, 
as  hrrrtofore ,  cml  of  the  pre^'alence  of 
religious  feelings,  and  society  will  be 
benefited. 

It  i«  remarkable  that  the  Right  Rev. 
Dr.  Weld,   the   owner  of  Lulworth 


Castle,  who  was  last  month  created. 
Cardinal  at^  Rome  by  his  Holiness,  is 
the  first  Englishman  who  Ym  held 
that  elevated  post  since  the  days  of 
Charles  I.*  This  gentleman  also  has 
foregone  the  enjoyment  of  a  large  foiw 
tune,  in  order  to  become  Prelate  of  the 
Catholic  Church,  and  a  more  amiable 
or  learned  man  there  does  not  exist. 

I  have  travelled  within  a  few  years 
over  a  large  portion  of  £urope,  and 
I  have  been  surprised  at  the  man- 
ner in  which  the  Catholic  ChoKh  is 
beginning  again  to  prevail ;  but  unik^ 
out  any  of  that  intolerance  which  is 
said  formerly  to  have  belonged  to  ir. 
I  am  sorry  to  say  that  Deism  is  also 
gaining  ground  among  many  superfi- 
cial joong  men  at  the  German  Uni* 
versities.  These  two  facts  put  me  in 
mind  of  what  is  said  by  the  author  of 
an  old  tract  called  «  Body,  Life,  and 
Mind,"  published  many  years  ago, 
via.  <*That  there  were  but  two  thiogi 
in  religion.  Deism  and  apostolical 
Christianity,  and  that  a  man  might 
just  uke  his  choyce  between  them.*' 
Absurd  as  this  sentence  is,  I  fear 
that  piety  and  infidelity  often  produce 
each  other  by  the  re-actton  of  party 
spirit.  Be  this  as  it  may,  there  is  no 
ooubt,  if  we  look  at  the  number  of 
new  Churches  aud  Chapels,  that  at 
present  religion  is  gaining  a  great 
march  on  scepticism,  as  men  are  now 
beginning  to  see  that  Christianity  is 
u  necessary  for  happiness  here  as  it  is 
hereafter;  it  may  be  fiiirly  presomtd 
that  the  crimes  of  atheistical  revolu- 
tions have  been  amply  atoned  for,  and 
that  the  faith  of  the  Cross  will  at 
length  extend  itself  over  the  earth  in 
peace.  Theodorus. 

Mr.  Urbaw,  Feb.  i. 

STRANGE  and  fearful  rumours  are 
once  more  afloat,  that  the  venerable 
and  noble  edifice  of  St.  Mary  Overy's, 
now  St. Saviour's  Church,  South wark, 
is  about  to  be  partially  destroyed, 
through  the  sapience  and  economy  of 
an  omcial  knot  of  %vorthy  burghers, 
who,  though  they  may  be  veiy  excel- 

•  We  know  aot  wh  j  oor  Corretpondtat 
omits  to  nentioB  the  Cardinal  of  York,  tba 
Utt  of  the  Stuarts ;  who,  though  a  forvigMr 
by  liiflh,  it  ihoold  not  bt  forgotten,  (band  hi 
hit  d'lttretfl  the  Mhrantage  «f  hit  dMCMt, 


from  Ea^lith  aad  ProtMtut  booaty.  Car- 
dinal Ertkioa,  alto  a  pentiootr  of  Gtofge 
the  Third,  wat  a  Seouroan,  of  the  Earl  of 
Kellic't  fiiroiW.    EniT. 


104 


Threatened  DesiruciiQn  of  SI.  Mary  Overjf'n  Church.        £FeU 


Jent  and  prudent  judg^  of  nauere  of 
busineaa  behind  their  counters  (I  apeak 
it  with  no  disrespect  for  commercial 
pursaiu),  are  certainly  totally  disquali- 
ned  from  their  habits  and  occupations 
to  direct  repairs  or  alterations  in  our 
public  edifices.  I  will  consider  (by  an 
extension  of  charity)  that  these  volun- 
tary desecrators  of  our  fine  old  Gothic 
fanes  are  actuated  by  no  puritanical 
hostility,  arising  from  the  assumed  su- 
perior illumination  of  dissent  against 
our  national  Church*  although,  alas ! 
constituted  as  parish  authorities  now 
frequently  are,  such  a  feeling,  either 
openly  or  insidiously,  may  acquire  in- 
fluence and  prevail.  I  will  consider 
them  combined  merely  in  a  committee 
of  economy,  and  that  their  intention  is 
but  summarily  to  get  rid  of  such  parts 
of  the  venerable  edifice,  as  it  would 
require  a  considerable  sum  to  repair. 
But  will  it  be  believed  or  endured, 
that  in  an  age  in  which  the  architec- 
tural improvement  of  the  British  Me- 
tropolis IS  ao  much  sought  and  pursued 
at  a  lavish  expenditure,  that  this  noble 
and  now  almost  solitar)^  remnant  of 
ancient  ecclesiastical  architecture  with- 
in the  limits  of  the  City  of  London, 
should  be  swept  from  the  surface  of 
the  earth  or  disfigured,  on  the  paltry 
plea  of  pecuniary  expediency  ?  Is  it  of 
no  importance  to  tlie  effect  of  the  mag- 
nificent Bridge  which  is  now  in  the 
course  of  rapid  completion  across  the 
Thames,  that  its  southern  approach 
should  be  seen  in  combination  with 
ao  splendid  a  monument  of  the  piety 
of  our  forefathers? 

When  the  destruction  of  the  Hall 
of  £ltham  Palace  was  meditated,  some 
members  of  the  British  Senate  thought 
proper  to  raise  a  strong  and  effectual 
protest  in  its  favour;  and  will  they 
suffer  St.  Saviour's  Church,  South- 
wark,  to  fall,  or  be  mutilated,  without 
a  single  word  for  its  protection  ?  I  do 
not  believe  it;  it  is  only  because  these 
things  are,  in  the  first  place,  meditated 
ao  secretly,  and  consummated  so  sud- 
denly, that  they  are  effected  without 
the  interference  of  the  members  of  th^ 
lef^islative  and  executive  Government. 
I  call  upon  them  not  silently  to  suffer 
this  ancient  and  striking  feature  of  our 
national  architecture  to  be  disfigured 
or  destroyed.  I  call  upon  the  Society 
of  Antiquaries  of  London,  as  a  body, 
once  more  to  exert  whatever  influence 
tbcy  mav  posaeas,  to  arrest  such  a  mea- 
sure. Be  the  parish  of  St.  Saviour's 
really  too  poor  to  undertake  the  resto- 


ration of  the  building,  surely  a  few 
thousands  (whatever  the  state  of  pub- 
lic finance)  would  be  cheerfully  con- 
ceded by  the  City  of  London,  or  Par- 
liament, for  so  reasonable  an  object. 
Let  the  building  be  repaired  as  nearly 
as  possible  on  the  principles  of  the  ori- 
ginal construction  of  its  existing  parts. 
A  successful  specimen  of  such  an  at- 
tempt is  exhibited  at  the  caat  end  of 
the  Church,  although  I  think  it  wm 
somewhat  dearly  bought  by  the  de- 
struction of  the  ancient  Chaipel  conti- 
guous, and  the  monuments  which  it 
contained. 

The  space  cleared  for  the  approaches 
to  the  new  London  Bridge  most  fortu- 
nately will  throw  the  old  Church  com- 
pletely open  to  view ;  the  houses  which 
surround  it  are  for  the  greater  part  of 
an  old  and  valueless  description,  and 
nothing  could  be  easier  to  effect  than 
a  commodious  square  of  handsome 
buildings  surrounding  the  Church, 
which  would  be  eagerly  occupied  by 
commercial  men  for  their  town  resi- 
dences. Let  those  whose  inleretU  it 
may  concern  look  well  to  this;  and 
let  all  who  love  the  history  and  an- 
cient monuments  of  th«ir  native  land, 
unite  in  any  way  which  may  lie  within 
their  power  to  forward  the  object  of 
this  appeal. 

For  myself,  Mr.  Ufban,  1  am  an 
old  friend  and  acquaintance  of  this 
conventual  pile;  even  in.  my  boyisk 
days  1  loitered  in  her  long-drawn  aiales, 
contemplated  her  embowered  roof,lis^ 
tened  to  the  swell  of  the  organ,  and 
the  chaunt  of  infant  praise,  surveyed 
the  martial  traits  of  the  mailed  tem- 
plar, her  benefactor,  or  paused  at  the 
tomb  of  the  chaplet-crowned  old  Eos* 
I ish  minstrel  Gower.  I  shall  still  watch 
her  fate,  and  if  she  must  fall,  or  be 
dishonoured  by  the  spirit  of  Vandal- 
ism, 1  shall  do  my  best  to  ring  her 
knell,  without  respect  of  persons,  in 
the  ears  of  those  who  are  the  authors 
of  the  violence. 

Yours,  &C.  SUTHBIEVSIS. 

P.  S.  Since  writing  the  above,  I 
have  learnt  that  the  transepts  of  the 
Church  which  have  been  so  long  in  a 
ruinous  and  disgraceful  state,  are  to  be 
repaired,  and  that  the  principal  feature 
of  the  proposed  mutilation  ia  to  be  the 
lowering  of  the  present  roof,  a  design 
which  will  mucn  injure  the  effect  of 
the  building,  and  at  variance  with  the 
hiffb'poiuied  style  of  Gothic  in  which 
it  IS  constructed. 


■-  .•il/.-.tEHSETSMll 


IdSO.]      Tower,  Church,  Aniuiuities,  and  Scetierff  of  Dundry, 


105 


Mr.  Urbaw,  Feb.  3. 

THE  village  of  Dundry,  in  Somcr- 
tvt!ihirr,  is  tiiiiaietl  on  a  range  of 
hills,  or  rather  one  vast  hill,  Ji^li  feet 
abo%'e  the  level  of  the  tea,  which  may 
be  said  lo  commence  at  Beil minster. 

Its  name  is  derived,  says  Colli nson, 
from  two  Erse  wonls,  jDunand  Dreach, 
signifying  "  hill  of  oaks,"  of  which 
woo<l,  no  doubt,  there  was  plenty  in 
former  times. 

The  manor  of  Onndry  was  formerly 
unitrd  to  thai  of  Chew  Magna,  and 
held  by  the  Bishops  of  Bath  and  Wells, 
tor  a  period  of  five  hundred  years,  until 
the  time  of  Edward  VI.,  when  it  was 
alienated  from  the  Church,  and  giveti 
to  the  Dnke  of  Somerset,  on  whose 
attdinder  it  rcteried  to  the  Crown,  and 
passid  through  several  bonds,  until  it 
eame  from  the  Popbam  family  to  ilie 
Sunimerit   who  are   its    pretcni  pot- 

SCt>B4in. 

This  village  has  been  honoured  with 
a  roost  magnificent  Tower,  api»ended 
to  a  most  insignificant  Church.  Dm 
th«  former,  which  was  erected  in  the 
reign  of  Edward  IV.  is  a  land-mark 
fi>r  an  amaaing  extent,  oiid  migfit  pro- 
bably have  been  originjlly  intended  at 
buch  by  the  fotmderor  foundt-rs,  rather 
than  as  necessary  for  so  cuntrniptibla  a 
structure  as  that  which  shrinks  be^ 
neath  it.  A  turret  crowns  the  north- 
east angle,  and  buttresses  of  eight 
gradations  support  three  others.  Four 
horiiontal  strings  separate  the  height 
in  10  as  many  stories,  each  of  which  con- 
tains pointed  windows,  with  neat  mul- 
lions.  The  upper  string,  or  cornice, 
has  projcciiDg  grotesque  heads  of  ani- 
mals on  every  angle  but  the  norih- 
east,  and  one  over  each  window  to  the 
canlinal  points.  The  former  support 
brautiful  pierced  flying  buttresses  lo 
the  four  lanirrns  or  pierced  turrets; 
and  the  latter  octagon  columns  em- 
baiilrd.  The  rich  rH'ect  uf  the  whole 
will  be  be»t  exempli He<l  by  the  an- 
nexed print,     i^rr  Piatc  L) 

The  ooiith-wr&i,  or  weaihcr-tidet  of 
this  fine  Tower,  have  recently  been 
ihorouably  and  judiciously  repaired,  by 
the  subititution  of  sound  stones  for 
those  which  were  deca^. 

From  the  summit  of  this  Tower  it  a 
fine  view  of  Bristol,  with  its  nuuierotu 
spires,  contrasted  with  the  more  solid 
lower  of  the  Cathedral.  More  to  the 
left,  are  tiie  Crescents  ni  CliTion,  al- 
most overhanging  the  Hoi  Wclis ;  and 

Gbnt.  Mao.  Fehvary,  1 880. 
O 


below  the  picturesque  rocks  of  St.Vin- 
rrnt  are  occasional  views  of  the  Avon, 
bounded  by  (he  hanging  woods  of 
SioiieleiMh.  Rather  incire  to  the  west, 
is  Sir  John  Smyih*s  elegant  seat  at 
Long  A»hion,  over  which  are  seen  the 
waiers  of  ilie  Severn,  bounded  by  the 
WeUh  cojst.  To  the  south,  the  eye 
ranges  over  a  rich  and  varied  country, 
including  Alfred's  Tower,  and  the  lux- 
uriant woods  rising  above  Sir  R.  C. 
Ho3re*s  sent  at  Sioiirhead  ;  also  KnulU 
Hill,  near  Warminster,  with  the  noble 
plantations  at  (^ngleat,  belonging  to 
the  Marquess  of  Baih,  and  the  Dukv 
of  Somerset  at  Maiden  Bradley  |  be* 
yond  which  are  the  high  downs  of 
Wilts  and  Dorset. 

The  body  of  Dundry  Church  it  of 
more  ancient  date  than  the  lower. 
The  columns  of  the  nrchet  are  plain 
and  massive  ;  and,  at  the  west  end  of 
the  nave,  is  a  small  lancet  window,  of 
the  early  English  oira.  The  font  ia 
octagonal,  with  a  lur<;e  rcoess,  oiid  it 
enriched  with  sculpture  of  an  early 
age. 

'  In  the  Church  is  a  mononienl  to 
William  Symes,  gent,  and  several  of 
his  succe5««irs.  There  are  also  memo- 
rials of  the  families  of  Tibbol,  Hay- 
ihorne,  and  Baker,  of  Alwick  C<»urt; 
and  one  to  William  J  ones,  of  Bishpori, 
of  whom  it  awerts,  *'  that  his  natnral 
abilities,  unnided  by  ocademical  educa- 
tion, enabled  him  to  refute,  with .  no* 
common  sagacity,  the  slaviih  tyalcint 
of  usurped  authority  over  tlie  Vighltp 
the  consciencety  or  the  reason  of  man- 
kind!!'* 

in  the  (-horch-yard  it  a  crots,  with 
a  tall  shaft,  having  an  ornamented 
head,  nearly  perfect,  fixed  on  a  high 
pedestal,  on  five  rows  of  slept.  Near 
It  originally  tiood  an  immense  tione, 
of  al)oul  five  feel  cubic  measure,  which 
hos  been  removed  to  the  southern  tide 
of  the  Church.  It  is  called  the  "  Mo- 
ney Stone,''  and  on  it  the  poor  have 
been  paid  from  time  ini memorial* 
North  of  the  Church  are  the  inuiilaicd 
remains  of  an  ancient  stone  coflBn; 
and  contiguoni  it  an  antique  hoiMCi 
built  by  the  Bishop  of  Raili  and  Welb. 
for  the  retidence  of  the  officiating  oo- 
rtte,  but  now  convened  into  the  parish 
poor*hoose. 

Dundry  contains  2,800  acres  of  land, 
8S  houses,  92  families,  and  464  in« 
hnhitanis.  The  living  it  a  curacy  on- 
ncxcd  to  Chew  Magna. 

Yourt,  &c.     A  TR.\vr.LLEB. 


106  Disiresses  of  th€  Manufacturing  and  Labouring  Classes,     [Feb. 

lures  and   commerce,   are    intimately 
connected  with  successful  agriculture. 


MI  T«  « .  *•     Summerlands,  Exeter, 
r.  Urban,  ^^^  ^ 

AN  Antiquarian  Magazine,  of  such 
long  and  established  repuleas  the 
Gentleman's,  records  whatever  may  be 
of  general  interest  and  utility  to  future 
generations.  Nothing,  within  the  whole 
scope  of  the  uncertain  science  of  po- 
litical economy,  has  created  so  deep  a 
sensation  in  the  public  mind,  as  the 
suflfcrings    and    distress    so    prevalent 
among  manufacturers  and  the  labour- 
ing  classes  of  the  people.     Ascribed  to 
a  muliiplicity  of  causes,  this  dreadful 
visitation  of  Providence,  apparently,  is 
traced  to  none  distitictly,  while  it  is 
more  than  probable  that  all  of  them, 
operating  variously,  contribute  to  pro- 
duce  the  melancholy  effect  so  much 
felt  and  lamented.    At  a  recent  Countj 
Meeting,  a  Noble  Lord  attributes  agrt- 
cultural  distress  (it  is  thought  truly)  to 
not  having  lowered  rents  at  the  peace. 
Manufactures   yielded   the   prodigious 
profits  seen  during  the  war,   because 
the  competition,   if  any,   was   feeble 
and  unavailing.     It  is  now  far  other- 
wise, as  our  own  machinery  is  erected 
and    in  activity  against   us    all    over 
Europe  and  America;  and  inferior  as 
the  produce  has  comparatively  been,  it 
has  approximated  to  an  equality  which 
has  lowered  the  value  of  and  demand 
for  British  manufactures.   Buonaparte, 
that  eminent  destroyer  of  the  human 
race,  and  whose  inordinate  ambition 
occasioned   four  hundred    millions  of 
the  national  debt,  endea%*oured  in  the 
Netherlands  to  rival  the  manufactures 
of  this   country,   and    signally   failed. 
The  consequence  was  a  distress  among 
operatives,  similar  to  what  is  now  un- 
fortunately  experienced    here.     That 
country  abouncling  in  moors  of  an  im- 
provable substratum,  the  government 
judiciously    resolved    to    employ    the 
starving  and  distressed   manufacturers 
and  labourers  in  cultivating  these  spare 
and  unproductive  lands,  by  spade,  hoe, 
and  mattock-husbandry,  under  the  in- 
struction and   guidance  of  competent 
persons.     Sufficient   habitations  were 
erected,  and  government  sustained  all 
expenses,  till  a  successful  course  of 
systematic  labour  and  industry  rendered 
such  assistance  unnecessary.    The  bar- 
ren ground  thus  brought  into  cultiva- 
tion is  now  among  the  most  fertile  in 
the   Netherlands!    while   former   dis- 
tress has  disappeared,  with  a  great  in- 
crease of   that    national  wealth    and 
prosperity,  which,  through  manufjc- 


Emigration  has  frequently  been  pro- 
posed as  an  efficient  means  of  providing 
for  manufacturers  and  labourers  unem- 
ployed.   When  such  proceed  to  British 
colonies,  the  public  welfare  is  bene- 
fited ;    but  otherwise,  they  strengthen 
foreign   nations   to  the  injury  of  the 
mother  country.     In  the  present  case 
of  almost  general  distress,  funds  cannot 
be  found  (or  the  removal  of  a  sufficient 
number  for  rendering  adequate  relief. 
Besides,  when  population  is  diminished 
by  this  expedient,  the  chasm  is  soon 
filled  up,  and  su Bering  rises  rapidly  to 
its  origmal   level.     A   permanent  re- 
medy, of  constant  application,  is  want- 
ing;  and,  fortunately,  it  is  obvious, 
efficient,  and  of  easy  application.    The 
waste    lands    amount,  at   the  lowest 
estimation,  to  five-and-tweniy  millions 
of  acres,  to  which  may  be  added  about 
six  millions  of  meadow-land.  Without 
loss  of  time,  proper  farm-houses  ought 
to  be  constructed  on  the  waste  buds 
roost  contiguous  to  the  parts  of  the 
kinsdom  where  pauperism  and  want 
of  labour  ap|}ear  to  be  most  prevalent. 
Under  the  management  and  superin- 
tendance  of  persons  skilled  in  agricul- 
ture, the  able-bodied  objects  now  re- 
ceiving poor-raies  should  be  located  on 
the  pre|)ared  sites,  with  all  requisites 
provided  for  setting  them  to  work,  in 
the  cultivation  of  their  resMctive  allot- 
ments, by  means  of  apaae^huihandry. 
The  females,  furnished  in  the  first  in- 
stance with,  the  raw  materials,   will, 
ere  long,  furnish  articles  of  clothing 
for  their  families.    Thns,   in  a  short 
time,  these  establishments  will  main- 
uin  themselves,  provide  for  the  tenant, 
and  yield  a  rent.     Where  is  the  ex- 
pense of  carrying  into  effect  so  very 
eligible  a  plan  to  come  from?     It  is 
manifest  that  a  fair  portion  of  the  poor- 
rate  cannot    be  more  advantageously 
employed.   The  sale  of  the  waste  lands 
has  been  frequently  pro|>osed,  for  dif- 
ferent tiseful  purposes.    To  defray  the 
first  expense  of  the  important  and  in- 
dispensable plan,  imperfectly  sketched, 
here  are   the  ready   means,   as  these 
lands  would  be  purchased  with  money 
that  cannot  now  be  employed.     It  is 
quite  unnecessary   to   point  out   how 
highly  the  national  interests  would  be 
promoted  by  the  sale  and  cultivation  of 
at  least  a   due   proportion   of  ground 
now  comparatively  useless.  The  clergy 
have  the  same  title  to  tithes  that  the 


1830.] 


Frogrui  and  lUcliMt  of  fVUeherqft. 


107 


landlord  hat  lo  rent  The  bcti  inte- 
rrats  of  Chritiianity  demanil  that  ihc 
clencyman  and  tenant  should  not  be 
brought  in  contact  on  the  luhject  of 
tithes ;  and  thrrefore,  in  the  proposed 
sale,  the  purchaser  must  be  bound  to 
p»y  this  requisite  lax,  to  be  occasionally 
modlRrd  by  the  average  price  of  corn, 
throughout  erery  seven  years,  as  equi- 
table io  both  parties. 

Si  quid  movisii  reciiiu  i»tis,  candidut 
imperii — Si  hoh,  it  must  be  allowed 
that  what  appears  to  be  readily  prac- 
ticable, and  indispensably  necessary, 
must  be  eligible. 

John  Macdoiiald. 


OV  TUB  PROGRBSS  AND  DECLIVB   Op 
WITCHCBAFT. — NO.  V. 

'*  fiehoM  ihtB  firoat  Co  front,  aceiirieii  both, 
SauI  uA  tha  Sorctrest.    Her  inqaisitive  gaxa 
GUr*d  on  liim ;  and  hit  eyelid  grsdval  sank 
Beneath  har  ttarcliiog.'* 

Sothesy's  **SaMV' 

(CamdmUd  from  p,  99.) 

AT    the  Taunton    Assixes,    1811, 
Betty  TowDKnd,  aged  77,  consi- 
dered by  the  superstitious  as  a  witch,  was 
tried  for  obtaining  money  from  a  child 
under    the    following    circumstances. 
The  prosecutor  Jacob  Poole^  a  labour* 
ing  man,  had  been  in  the  habit  of  send- 
ing his  daughter,  aged  thirteen,  with 
applet  in  a   basket  to   market.     On 
Jan.  84,  the  old  woman  met  with  the 
^irl,  and  asked  to  see  what  she  had  got 
in  her  basket,  which  having  examined, 
she  said  to  her,  "  Hast  got  any  mo- 
ney?"   The  child  said  she  had  none. 
"  Then  get  some  for  me,"  said  the  old 
woman,  '*and  brin;^  it  to  me  at  the 
castle  door,  or  1  will  kill  thee."    The 
child  terrified  to  an  extreme  at  such  a 
threat  from  a  witch,  procured  two  shil- 
lings, and  carried  it  to  her,  when  the 
old   woman  said,  '**Tis  a  good  thing 
thou  hast  not  it,  or  el.^e  I  would  have 
ipade  thee  die  by  inches.'*    She  prac- 
tised this  upon  tne  child  several  times, 
obtaining  in  all  2l.  6s.  bd.    This  was 
at  length  disclosed  by  the  child  to  her 
mother,  who  accused  the  witch,  where- 
upon she  swore  that  if  any  one  dared 
accuse  her»  the  would  make  them  die 
by  inches.    "No,"  said  Mrs.  Poole, 
who  coutidercd  that  she  knew  more 
about  witches  than  her  daughter,  "  that 
thee  shall  not;  1*11  hinder  that;'*  and, 
lakmga  pin  from  her  clothes,  scratched 
the  witch  from  the  elbow  to  the  wrist, 
in  three  diflerent  placet,  to  draw  her 
blood ;  a  process  belierol  to  be  of  un- 


failing efficacy  at  an  antidote  to  witch- 
craft. 

It  appears,  by  the  "  A nnoal  Register'* 
of  1808,  that  Ave  %ifomen  were  irifd  at 
Putna,   in  Hindotlan,  on  charges  of 
torcery,  and  being  found  guilty,  wera 
put  to  death.    Tlie  Governor-General, 
on  being  informed  of  the  circumstance, 
ordered  all  the  principal  persons  who 
composed  the  tribunals,  to  be  appre- 
hended and  arraigned  before  the  Cir- 
cuit Court  of  Putna,  on  charges  of  the 
murder  of  these  women ;  and  the  Court 
ordered  them  to  suffer  death.     It  ap- 
i)eared,  however,  that  this  custom  had 
been  preserved  time  immemorial.    Se- 
veral of  the  witnesses  referred  to  nu- 
merous   instances   of  persons   having 
been  put  to  death  by  the  Brahmins  for 
sorcery;  and  one  of  them,  in  parti- 
cular, |>roved  that  his  own  mother  had 
been  tried  and  executed  at  a  witch. 
The  Governor  therefore  pardoned  the 
officers ;  but,  to  prevent  tne  recurrence 
of  a  circumstance  so  disgraceful  to  hu- 
manity, a  proclamation  was  forthwith 
issued^  declaring,  that  any  one  forming 
a    tribunal    for   the   trial    of   persons 
charged  with  witchcraft,  or  aiaing  or 
encouraging    in    any   act    lo    deprive 
such  |)ersons  of  life,  shall  be  deemed 
guilty  of  murder,  and  suffer  the  penalty 
aitacheil  to  that  offence. 

On  the  nth  April,  1827.  at  the 
Monmouth  Assizes,  William  Watkiut, 
and  three  othert,  were  indicted  and 
found  guilty  of  an  assault  upon  Maiy 
Nicolas,  a  decrepit  old  woman,  up- 
wards of  ninety,  which  they  had  com* 
mitted  under  a  belief,  prevalent  in  that 
neighbourhood,  that  she  was  a  witch. 
The  old  woman  deposed  to  the  pri- 
tonert-  and  othert  having  teized  her, 
and  beaten  her  with  thorns  and  brian, 
for  the  purpose  of,  as  in  days  of  yore» 
drawing  blood  ;  and  they  also  attempt- 
ed to  force  hrr  into  a  pool,  for  the  j>or- 
pose  of  trying  the  efficacy  of  the  water 
ordeal. 

A  witness  proved  the  prisoners  haviog 
taken  the  old  %voman  to  a  lane  where 
three  cattle  had  died,  and  charged  her 
with  being  the  author  of  their  death  ; 
and  then,  taking  her  to  a  stable  where 
there  was  a  colt,  made  her  repeat  te- 
veral  times,  "  God  bless  the  cohf 
They  afterwards  stripped  her  naked, 
and  searched  her,  in  order  to  find  her 
teat,  which  they  declared  they  had 
found,  upon  their  ditcovering  a  wan 
or  weo  upon  her  head. 

Thit,  in  all  probability,  it  the  latett 
inttance  to  be  met  with  of  Englitb  cre« 


108 


Pfogreis  and  Decline  of  fVUckcraft. 


[Feb: 


dulity  as  lo  the  existence  of  this  sur- 
prising art,  and  it  may  be  Questionable 
whether  it  will  not  be  the  last. 

From  what  has  btren  stated,  it 
will  be  |)eTceived  that  the  ladies,  with 
but  very  few  exceptions,  have  pos- 
sessed the  honour  of  being  the  ex* 
clusi\e  proprietors  of  this  peculiar 
charm  ;  and  it  may  be  expected  that, 
in  a  treatise  of  this  kind,  the  writer 
should  attempt  to  give  some  account  of 
this,  and  explain  the  cause  to  which  it 
may  be  attributed.  The  oracles  of  the 
ancient  Sybils,  who  were  all  women, 
have  acquired  such  an  established  re* 
putation  in  the  world,  that  they  will 
for  ever  do  honour  to  the  fair  sex  ; 
and  then  they  can  boast  of  Circe, 

**  Goddess  and  queeo,  to  whom  the  powers 

belong 
Of  dreadful  magic  and  commanding  song.** 

Odyssey  f  Book  x. 

Their  Siren  sislcrs 

"  Celestial  music  warbled  from  their  tongue, 
Their  song  was  death — they  made  destruc- 
tion  please  1 

*Twas  then,  too,  that 

«  Witchcraft  celebrated  pale  Hecate's  o£Fer- 
ing ;"  Shakipeare, 

The  Queen  of  Witches,  whose  power 
extended  over  heaven,  and  earth,  and 
sea,  and  hell. 

A  Gipsey,  or  Egyptian,  is  a  common 
name  for  a  female  fortune-teller  to  this 
day,  which  is  doubtless  attributable  to 
the   fact  that  Egypt  was,  as   is  well 
known,  famous  for  the  art  of  divina- 
tion, of  which  we  have  a  very  early 
instance   recorded    in  Exodus,   where 
mention  is  made  of  the  Sorcerers  and 
l^lagtcians  exercising   their   enchant- 
ments in  the  presence  of  Moses  and 
Pharoah ;    and    it    is    singular    that, 
amongst  Gipseys  as  well  as  Witches, 
the  pre|)onderance  on  the  side  of  those 
possessed    of  these   endowments    has 
invariably  been  in  favour  of  the  wo- 
men.    By  what  means  the  ladies,  in 
preference  lo  the  other  sex,   became 
thus  )>eculiarly  gifted,  I  have  not  been 
able  distinctly  to  ascertain.     Certain, 
however,  it  is,  that  for  many  ages  it 
was    so   peculiar  to   themselves,    that 
they  may  justly  claim  the  honour  of 
being  almost  the  sole  possessors  of  it. 
One  Hichnrd  Barnard,  however,  a  mi- 
nister of  Batcombe,  in  Somerset,  in 
1627,   attempted   to  account    for  this 
singular  mnnopolv,   in   a    little   work 
entitled,  '*  A  Guide  to  Grand  Jurymen 
about  the  Trial  of  Witches." 

"  There  are  more  women  witches  (says 


he)  than  men,  and  it  may  be  for  these 
sons  : — First,  Satan  his  setting  upon  thmam 
rather  than  on  men,  since  his  unhappie 
outset  and  prevailing  with  Kve.  Seeondly, 
their  more  credulous  nature,  and  apt  to  be 
misled  aud  deceived.  Thirdly,  for  uiat  they 
are  c(*mmonlie  more  impatient  and  nore 
superstitious ;  and,  being  displeased,  more 
malicious,  and  so  more  apt  to  bitter  cursing  } 
and  far  more  revengeful,  according  to  tlicir 
power,  than  men,  and  so  herein  mure  6c 
instruments  of  the  devill.  Fonrthly,  they 
are  more  tongue-ripe,  and  less  able  to  hide 
what  they  know  from  others  s  end  therefore, 
in  this  respect,  are  more  ready  to  be  teeehers 
of  witcltcrafc  to  others,  and  to  leave  it  to 
children,  servants,  or  to  some  others,  than 
men.  Fifthly  and  lastly,  because,  where  they 
think  they  can  command,  they  are  more 
proud  in  their  rule,  and  more  busy  in  setting 
such  on  woike  whom  they  may  oommand, 
tlun  men,  and  therefore  tlie  devill  labonretk 
roost  to  make  them  witches  {  beeaose  tbey» 
upon  every  light  displessure,  will  set  him  on 
worke,  which  is  that  whicb  he  desireth,  and 
is  sore  displeased  if  he  bee  not  set  on  worke, 
which  women  will  be  ready  enough  to  doe.*' 

It  is  time  now  to  bring  this  subject 
to  a  close;  and,  in  doing  so,  it  may 
not  be  altogether  useless  if  we  endea- 
vour to  satisfy  ourselves  whether  or  not 
there  is  any  foundation  for  the  belief, 
which  appears  to  have  been  entertained 
in  every  age  and  in  every  country,  that 
this  extraordinary  power  has  been  pos- 
sessed by  our  frail  species.     It  ought 
readily  to  be  allowed,  that  much  im- 
posture on  the  one  hand,  and  much 
Ignorant  superstition  on  the  other,  have 
taken  place  as  regards  the  practice  of 
witchcraft ;  but  can  it  be  supposed  that 
our  heavenly  Father  %voold  re})eatedly 
comn)aii(l  the  rulers  of  his  people,  u 
wc  find  he  has  done,  to  punish  with 
death  a  crime  which   never  had  any 
existence  ?   The  existence,  malice,  and 
power  of  infernal  spirits,  are  sufficiently 
declared  in  Scripture,  atid  their  various 
arts  minutely  detailed.    There  can  be 
no  doubt  that  they  have  been   both 
able  and  willing  thus  to  interpose,  if 
permitted,  and  that  our  nature  is  to 
corrupt  and  vile,  as  knowingly  to  com- 
bine with  them.   That  witchcraft  may 
be,  and  that  it  hath  been  until  a  late 
period   practised,   seems  to  be  abun- 
dantly ca|)able  of  proof,  were  any  col- 
lateral evidence  necessary  to  confirm 
the  truth  of  the  divine  testimony,  a 
conviction  of  which  appears  to  nave 
been  deeply  impressed  u|)on  the  mind 
of  the  celebrated  commentator  Scotf^ 
as  well  as  most  other  pious  and  intelli- 
gent commentators.    But,  as  is  well 
observed  by  Scutt, 


1830.] 


Program  and  Decline  of  f¥\iehtfafl. 


log 


**  As  liy  cOTtaia  dtgrett  of  oultivaikMi  wild 
b«MU  art  banifthtd  nr  tstirpaled,  so,  in  mim 
•U;:et  of  civilitatioa,  the  practice  of  witch- 
craft i«  Marly  ttdodarf.  The  troth  it,  hi 
Mich  circwmetancei,  it  wo  lonf(«r  to  well 
antwert  Satan's  grand  piirpoees  uf  deception 
and  destruction.  He  therefore  shifts  his 
griMiod,  and  vsrirs  his  attacks ;  nor  is  he 
any  kiser  hy  eschan|(tog  ttie  practice  of 
witchciaft  for  the  fNrcvaleoce  of  scepticism.'* 

The  credit  of  inaitert  of  fact  depends 
much  upon  ihr  relaters,  who,  ir  they 
can  lint  be  deceived  thrmseUes,  nor 
supposed  to  be  any  way  inieretted  to 
inipoM?  upon  others,  oii^ht  lo  be  ere- 
ditrd,  for  upon  these  circumstances  all 
human  faith  is  ^rotiiideil.  The  rela- 
tions which  have  been  sel«rctcd,  may 
be  ffelie<l  U|>on  as  genuine  and  authen- 
tic: the  irijis  took  place,  the  facts 
narrated,  and  many  others  which  want 
of  space  required  lo  l>e  omitted,  were 
actually  sworn  to.  Indeed,  1  look  U|K>n 
it  a«  a  S|)ecial  instance  of  proviflence, 
that  there  ever  and  anon  have  been 
examples  of  witchcraft ;  for  thereby  a 
strong  confirmation  of  the  truth  of  the 
sacred  volume  is  afforded.  I  confess  1 
am  not  one  of  those  who  disbelieve 
erery  thing  which  I  cannot  compre- 
hend or  account  for.  I  believe  the 
account  of  the  VV^itch  of  Endor  for  this 
simple  reason — because  I  believe  the 
record  which  contains  it  to  be  the  in- 
spired work  of  God:  but  still,  I  must 
confess,  that  the  arts  and  practices 
ascribed  to  witches  in  the  sixteenth 
and  seventeenth  centuries,  are  not 
more  extraordinary  and  unaccountable. 
The  way  pro|)erly  to  judge  of  the  fact 
is  by  the  evidence.  Mat  ten  of  fact, 
well  proved,  ought  not  to  be  denied, 
because  we  cannot  conceive  how  they 
can  be  performed,  or  because  we  never 
saw  the  like.  By  the  same  reasiming, 
we  may  infer  that  there  never  were  any 
robberies  done,  on  Hounslow  Heath, 
because  we  have  travelled  over  there 
without  bring  robbed ;  and  the  Spa- 
niard inferred  well  %vho  said  there  was 
no  sun  in  England,  because  he  had 
been  three  weeks  here  and  had  not 
seen  any.  What  is  to  be  said  of  those 
renowned  sages  of  the  l.iw,  such  as 
Lords  Chief  Justices  Coke,  Hale,  Uoli, 
and  others,  who,  with  all  their  learn- 
inz,  gofwl  sense,  and  solid  judgment,  are 
now  to  be  recorded  ns  sad  instances  of 
human  frailly.  Sir  Matthew  Hale  has 
said,  that  there  were  such  creatures  u 
witches,  he  made  no  doubt  it  all,  for 
these  reasoiM :— Ftrsl^  the  bdy  Scrip- 
tures have  affirmed  iu    Scooudly,  the 


witdom  of  all  nations  hare  provided 
lavrt  against  such  persons,  which  seems 
to  imply  a  confident  belief  in  the  ex- 
istence of  witchcraft.  Can  it,  in  short, 
be  allowed  that  all  the  world  have 
conspired  together  to  cheat  and  juggle 
mankind  on  this  subject;  that  every 
recorded  instance  is  ulse;  that  every 
one  of  the  many  thousands  who  hava 
suffered  death,  had  no  commerce  with 
an  evil  spirit,  without  whose  influence 
it  cannot  be  believed  that  they  could 
have  performed  these  astonishing  feats ; 
that  all  the  countless  host  of  witnesses 
were,  to  a  man,  liars  and  perjurers; 
and  the  judges  and  juries  of  the  ac- 
cused fools  and  murderers  ? 

Upon  the  whole,  the  safest  conclu- 
sion appears  to  be  that  which  was 
come  to  by  the  enlightened  Black- 
stone,  doubtless  after  much  reflectioo 
u|x>n  the  subject,  who  adopted  the 
opinion  entertained  by  a  celebrated  Es- 
sayist, in  1711.  After  a  description  of 
the  crime  of  witchcraft,  in  the  fourth 
volume  of  his  "  Commentaries,"  p.  60, 
Blackstone  says : 

**  To  deny  the  possibility,  nay  actoal  ex- 
istence of  witchcrafi  and  sorcery,  is  at  once 
flatly  to  contradict  the  revealed  word  of  GhNly 
in  various  passages  l>oth  of  the  Old  wtA 
New  Testaments ;  and  the  thing  itself  is  a 
truth  to  which  every  nation  in  the  world 
has  In  its  turn  borne  testimony^  either  by 
examples  seemingly  well  attested,  or  by 
prtihibitory  laws,  which  at  least  si^ipose  the 
possibility  of  a  commerce  with  evil  spirits. 
The  civil  law  punishes  with  death  not  only 
the  sorcerers  tnemselves,  but  also  those  who 
cou^ult  them,  imitating  in  the  former  the 
express  law  of  God — *  thou  shalt  not  suffir 
a  »tU:K  to  live.*  And  our  own  laws,  both 
hefoie  and  since  the  Conquest,  have  been 
equally  penal,  ranking  the  crime  in  the  same 
class  with  heresy,  and  condemning  both  to 
the  flames.  Wherefore  (he  adds)  it  seems 
to  be  roost  eligible  way  to  come  to  the  con- 
clusion of  an  ingenious  writer  of  oar  own." 

The  conclusion  referred  to  will  be 
found  in  No.  117  of  "  The  Spec- 
tator,'* which,  it  is  said,  was  written 
by  the  elegant  and  sensible  Addi- 
son, and  produced  a  great  sensatioo 
in  the  vear  171 1*  having  materially 
shook  tne  popular  credulity,  no  one 
having  been  put  to  death  in  this  coun- 
try after  that  period,  although  one  waa 
hanged  in  1705,  and  several  were  af- 
terwards convicted.  With  the  obser- 
vations of  this  estimable  man,  as  they 
entirely  coincide  with  my  own  humble 
opinions,  I  close  this  subject : 

«  Wbni  I  hear  the  relatioDS  that  are 
made  fron  all  paru  of  the  worlds  sol  oely 


110 


Chitrch  of  South  Mims,  Middkier. 


[Wb. 


fiom  Noriray  aftd  LApUad,  from  th«  Etttt 
and  \Ve»t  loflieiy  but  from  •very  paitiealar 
DfttioD  in  Europe*  I  cannot  Curbear  dunking 
tliAt  there  U  such  an  interconne  and  com- 
merce with  evil  Spirits  as  that  which  we 
express  bj  the  name  of  Witchcraft.  Bnt 
wlien  I  consider  that  the  ignorant  and  cre- 
dulous parts  of  the  world  abound  roost  in 
these  relatious,  and  that  the  persons  amongst 
us  who  are  supposed  to  engage  in  such  an 
infernal  commerce*  are  people  of  a  weak 
mderstaading  and  cnucd  imaffimUion,  and 
m  the  same  time  reBect  npon  the  many  iro- 
poetures  and  delusions  of  thb  nature  that 
Dave  been  detected*  in  all  ages,  I  endeavour 
to  auikpcod  my  lieiief  till  I  liear  more  certain 
accounts  than  any  which  have  yet  come  to 
my  knowledge.  In  short*  when  I  consider 
the  question — whether  there  are  such  per- 
sons in  the  world  as  those  we  call  witcnea, 
my  mind  b  divided  between  the  two  opposite 
opinions  ;  or  rather*  to  speak  my  thoughts 
freely,  I  believe  in  several  that  there  is*  and 
has  been*  such  a  thing  as  witchcraft ;  bnt, 
•t  the  same  time*  can  give  no  credit  to  any 
particular  modern  instance  of  it." 

Yours,  &c.  I.  P. 


Mr.  Urbabt*        Bqrnei,  Dec.  14. 

HAVING  passed'  my  schoolboy, 
days  at  South  Mims*  and  being 
bare  on  a  short  visit,  I  made  a  pilgrim- 
age lo  the  old  Church  there*  endeared 
to  me  bv  many  recollections.  The 
tower  and  body  of  il  were  built  not  later 
urobablj  than  the  reign  of  Henry  II. 
Tlie  chancel*  and  a  part  now  inclosed 
bv  a  screen  (the  latter  apparently  about 
Henry  VI. 's  time),  were  evidently  built 
at  a  different  period.  The  whole  of 
this  pari  of  the  structure  is  lower*  both 
the  roof  and  range  of  windows*. 

South  Mims  Church  has  been  very 
rich  in  stained  glass*  as  appears  by  the 
following  entry,  made  A.  L>.  l62l*  in 
the  Register.  Tliis  volume,  which  is 
of  vellum*  commences  in  1558,  and 
reaches  to  17(^«  and  is  in  fine  preser- 
vation. 

"An'oDVi,  IG21. 

**  A  eete  of  certoinc  windowes  in  the 
Cliuroh  of  South  Mims,  taken  out  in  the 
year  above  written,  at  whose  cust  they  were 
made  and  in  what  >eare*  as  doth  plainely 
apeare  in  the  windows  by  the  date  of  the 
Lord. 

"  The  firste  grcate  window  on  the  north 
side  abutting  westward,  was  made  by  Richard 
Walter  and  John  Boman*  in  the  year  1 596. 

"  TIm  next  window  was  made  by  the 
voung  men  and  maydes  of  the  same  p'rish* 
m  the  year  of  o'  Ljrd  1526. 

*  A  view  of  ttiia  Church  will  be  found  in 
voL  LXV.  p.  545.~Edit. 


«Th«  aesfe  to  thnS  one,  tKt  Bonk  aUt, 
wm  made  bj  Richwd  Haat*  am  thm  y«r 
15«6. 

«•  Tha  fourth  window  om  tU  Mnh  aida 
waa  made  by  Thomas  Fraaccit»  ia  tha  jtmr 
of  or  Lord  1536. 

*'  The  fifth  window  oae  the  Mnh  aid«» 
towards  the  east*  waa  made  by  the  gond 
women  of  the  aamc  p'rish*  in  the  year  of 
o'  Lord  1526. 

**  One  of  the  windows*  one  the  south  aide* 
waa  made  by  Edward  Jones*  eitiaaa  mad 
marchant  taylor  of  London,  in  the  year  of 
o*  Lord  1541. 

**  There  is  no  mention  made  of  the  odwr 
of  that  side*  neither  of  the  west  end  wu- 
dowes*  nor  the  west  windowes ;  who  mada 
them*  nor  when  they  were  made." 

Four  of  the  windows  exist*  in  dif- 
ferent degrees  of  preservation  :  enough 
remains  to  identify  those  of  the  Ma^ 
dens*  and  Richard  Walter's ;  and  one 
inscription  is  perfect : 

"  Thys  Wendow  made  be  the  good  Ban, 
Thomas  Francys*  1 596." 

The  windows  remaining  are  all  of 
the  same  design  ;  a  priest  on  one  side 
kneeling  at  a  plain  table*  on  which  is 
a  book*  praying*  and  a  oongregation  of 
men  betiind.  On  the  other  side,  a 
lady  abbess*  similarly  occupied  and  at- 
tended* but  the  table  very  gaily  decked 
with  hangings  and  drapery. 

South  Mims  is  rich  in  monumental 
brasses.  In  front  of  the  commnnioo- 
table  is  a  grave-stone*  I  presaroe  about 
the  time  of  Edward  L  On  it  are  four 
shields*  each  bearing  a  chevron  be- 
tween three  leopards  heads^  and  in- 
scribed* 

**  Henri  Frowyk  gist  icy, 
Dieu  d*  Salme  elt  m'oy." 

This  family  was  of  great  conse- 
quence heref*  as  in  the  porch,  under 
the  tower,  is  another  grave-stone  for 
Thomas  Frowyk*  on  which  are  the 
efligie»  of  a  knight  (whose  head  lays  on 
a  hcrliiiet),  and  his  lady.  Beneath*  six 
boys  and  twelve  girls^.  The  brass* 
with  the  names  and  dates  of  their 
deaths*  is  lost,  as  also  the  shields  with 
the  arms;  hut  another  remains,  with  a 
very  curious  epitaph*  in  these  hexame- 
ter lines*  written,  says  Wfcver*  by  John 
Whethamsted*  Abbot  of  St.  Albao't. 

**  Qui  jacet  hie  stratus  Thomas  Frowyk 
vocitatus, 

f  An  account  of  the  Frowyk  family  may 
be  seen  in  Lysont*  '*  Middlesex  Parishes* 
p.  928.— Edit. 

I  Mr.Omigh  (u.  151)  says,  «  thirtaen 
gtris."— Edit. 


ino.]        Omreh  mid  MmumenU  ai  Smik  Mim$,  Mhddkiix. 


Ill 


Maribw,  «l  Bfttttf  fwitt,  vida  — deWi  i 
Vir  KtnenMoi  tnt,  gvMroMq**  gMU  oolr- 

Nam  quod  uMrt  sok't  gtne rot!  pisiq**  fr»- 

qucaUaty 
Aacnp'in  volucra*  viaatieiiiiiq"*  fenmm 
Mttham  tfltilt,  Volptt  fbveb  tpoliftril 
Ao  tasot  aiveit;   brtnttr  qiMcumcjf*  pro- 

piw|iiis 
lotolcnuil  dMBprn  pro  poMe  fbgcvetmt  ipsa : 
loter  ocM  ttiaiD  si  litit  eefoewt  uoqu'a 
AoModi  fkcttlu,  nwdiaas  ci^tinxertt  ip«M, 
Feconu  tt  paeon  { cur  nuae  pacU  tibi  paauam  i 
Det  Daw  oi  rtquioB  qoa  Mnp"  parmantt. 

AOMD. 

This  aingalar  epitaph  on  a  man  iU 
lutiriout  in  hit  day,  comnieoioratet  hit 
love  of  fowling,  hit  homing  of  wild 
beatu,  hit  dririog  away  wolvet  and 
badgrrty  and  other  pcttt  in  hit  neigh- 
bourhoi>d.  It  alto  comtnendt  hit  ami- 
able qualitict  as  a  mediator  and  peace- 
maker. The  tradition  of  the  place  it, 
that  he  killed  a  wild  boar  that  infctted 
tbete  parts. 

In  1631  all  the  brattet  on  thit 
grave-tiooc  were  perfect,  by  which  it 
appeared  that  Thoroat  Frowyk  died 
A.  D.  1448;  and  that  a  chantry  wat 
founded  for  the  reriote  of  hit  tool  and 
Uiat  of  hit  wife  Elizabeth,  which  wat 
alienated  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth. 

In  the  chapel,  tcreened  ofT,  and  now 
terving  at  the  vettry,  is  a  superb  mo- 
nument of  a  knight,  in  full  and  splen- 
did armour,  hit  head  resting  on  hit 
helmet,  and  hit  feet  on  a  lion,  under 
a  canopy  tupported  by  four  columnt. 
The  workmanithip  can  tcarcely  be  later 
than  Edward  IV.  No  inscription  it 
vitible  at  present.  It  may  be  buried 
under  the  coatt  of  whitewath,  by  which 
the  tomb  hat  been  beautified t  or  have 
lieen  on  bratt,  that  hat  been  plundered. 
In  front  are  four  thieldt,  and  on  each 
are  the  arms  of  Frowyk^-a  chevron 
between  three  leopards*  heads.  On  the 
first  and  fourth  shields,  thc^  impale 
three  chevronels;  on  the  third,  three 
birds  ;  and  on  the  second  quartering,  a 
cross  voided,  between  eight  crott  crost- 
Ictt. 

Within  the  communion -railt  it  an- 
other canopy-monument,  without  effigy 
or  inscription,  supported  by  four  co- 
lumns, which  barbarously  attempt  to 
imitate  Corinihian  capitals,  all  the 
other  work  being  Gothic,  probably 
towards  the  conclusion  of  the  reign  of 
Henry  VIII.  In  front  are  four  quatre- 
foils : — io  the  fir»t  and  fourth  are  the 
united  rotes  of  York  and  Lancstterj 
io  the  second,  a  loaten^  and  a  flourisb- 
ed  9  j  and  in  the  thirds  an  9>  which 


w«  may  prcsuoie  are  the  initials  of  the 
person  resting  thtie*. 

Opposite  to  this  is  a  tnblet-mona- 
ment,  recording  the  death  and  an- 
cestors of  Thomas  Marsh,  Etq.  of 
Hackney,  who  died  A.D.  l667.  His 
armt  are— a  horte^s  head  between  tliree 
crotset  fitch^,  impaling  those  of  his 
wife,  a  daughter  of  Jacob  Horsey,  of 
Hunninghaiu,  Warwickthire— three 
horse's  heads,  bridled. 

Within  the  communion- rails  are  also 
these  inscriptions  on  brasses : 

**  Here  lieth  the  body  of  Heory  Ewor,  of 
South  Mims,  in  the  oouatj  of  Middt.G«nt. 
son  of  Thomas  Ewer,  of  Shealjburie.  The 
said  Henry  aaarriad  Joana,  daughter  of  Ran- 
dal Marsh,  of  Heodon,  and  had  issue  by  her 
one  too  and  three  daughters.  He  departed 
this  life  the  80th  day  of  November,  1641." 

Arms — A  wolf  ttatant,  showing  his 
teeth  ;  in  chief,  three  crosses;  pii^ese«( 
impaling  a  horse's  head  between  three 
fleurs  de  lis. 

"  Here  lieth  interred  the  body  of  Sophia 
Harrison,  second  daughter  of  Thomas  Har- 
rison, of  South  Mims,  Etq.  by  Cathariae 
his  wife,  eldest  daughter  oi  Sir  Thomas 
Bland,  of  Kippax  Park,  in  the  county  of 
Yorkshire,  Kot.  and  Bart,  who  departed  thit 
life  the  90th  day  of  June,  b  the  ISth  year 
ofberage,  An«  1661." 

Arms— Three  eagles  displayed  in 
fesse. 

Near  Henry  Fowyk's  is  a  grave-stone 
of  equal  antiquity,  on  which  only  re- 
main  two  armorial  brattes.  One  has^ 
Nebul^,  on  a  bend  dexter  a  lion  pas* 
tant.  On  the  other,  a  man-of-war 
with  her  anchor  pendant ;  and  in 
chief  a  lion  nasi^ant.  A  modern  io- 
tcription  hat  neen  cut  on  thit  ttone, 
of  which  the  word  '*  Rowley*'  only 
remaint.  Most  likely  another  tenant 
of  the  old  grave. 

Near  this  it  another  bratt,  intcribed : 

«  Here  lyeth  the  bodie  of  Roger  Hodsdeo, 
y«  husband  of  Jone  Hodsden.  He  deceaaad 
y«  16  day  of  Octob.  1606  s  and  y«  saU  Jooa 

deoeaeed  tlie day  of  -^— .  |  ud  they 

had  itsue  betwext  thcfls  6  sonnet  and  6 
daughters." 

I  n  the  north  aisle  it  a  bratt,  intcribed : 

*'  Martha  Ewer,  daughter  of  Henry  Ewer, 
Gent,  and  of  Joaae  his  wife.  The  said  Henry 
beioff  son  of  Thomas  Ewer,  of  Sheoleybury, 
w«^  Tbo*  was  son  of  Tbc^  Ewer  of  Hunton- 
bridge.  The  said  Joaoe  wee  daughter  of 
Raadoll  Martha,  of  Heodon.    Thit  Martha 

«  IMiabhr»  says  the  «  EodetHatieal 
Topogmpby,^  tha  tomb  of  Robarl  HiH, 
vioar,  lass.—EoiT. 


» W       Jlf r.  Higgbu't  lUplf  to  Mr. 

h«lli  dioMB  tU  Utter  put,  fc,  iho-h  fc, 
bodjr !»,  her.  lo  dart  «itli  h^ti^Z^ 

K     •  ?*V*"u  •«>»•««•  in  reu.  with  her 
.^LTfe^**^"'."!'*" »««« left  l»r  eldS 

■  ^-  ''^'  '»  '•»•  "'*'"  rf  thi.  wSZ 
Obnt  1 9 Dec.  len.    Euri.  is  ~ 

menl..  but  I  .hall  only  nwice  one 
which   appear,  ,o  haw  betn  ertcwS 
about  th«  lime  of  Jam«  I.     lo^ih* 
centre  ,.  .  deaih'.  head.    Two  li,.« 
.re  paimed  black  on  .  red  groaiT 

0»er  it  ii  the  followinc  coat  — -S 
which  name  freq.iently  occun  in  the 


Avexoi;  Kai  Awex»v. 

Mr.  Urban,  p^  , 

T  't^.  '"'»"»«'  Ihat.  in  your  Mam. 
J.  z  ne  for  last  nmnth,  .  re„„  i,  ^. 
•erted   from    my  friend    Mr.  Uohim 
re.l.eciing  my  4le  ,r«.i,e  o .  iC  |^' 

•rticle,  as  religious  controversy  with 

A  FRIBtTD  IS  not  to  mv  lasie  '  I   . 

J«UndthaU.maT"d-by'hZ" 
teh'l7'"|-"  -e*'""  (^hristlnity. 

aav   th..  \l'         "•  ^  P"n>i«ed  to 
My.  that  I  have  never,  in  anv  work 

*"«««"  •  ««"d  again.;  our  ?eliaron 
*I"^.  """"h  against  the  frauds    of 

Tf  r.    '•'VJ'^P'*  """•  •"''I'""*  rellRion 
of  Jesus  Christ  has  been  overlaiif  bv 

iiiJ  .„.?•"!."""'  "Pew'i'ions  degr.d 
lOf  to  the  character  of  the  lieiii,   «„j 

»«»rofChrXnTtv   T*?*""  '"  '"«- 
ob.erv.tioo.Txf;.  fet„?'  "^ 

P'fc:?.ieT,a,^l>rJi 
ranrwrtter.''"?"*'^^^^ 

o-ni,cJ,,.X''S,''tt.?g2- 


«**«i.-i«W*A«ri.  LiAr«n«. .  [Feb. 

«^^  havin,  no.i;edrro'rr„r  *" 

.11  w  unforiunaie  that  roan»  «» 
religious  per,on,  shnuW  ™  j^  \Vl 
t«|ey^e  promoting  their o^^^^.^^ 

aidered  a.  .hero.  .  philoK,pher.  and  , 
Chrftiao  the  la.ter  Sf  whi5.  ^  ^ij 
w«f.  as  he  p«,f««|  to  believe  iS^S 

'iu'^°".h':ir  •"'~'' •••- 5^: 

him      R...  I  *•»«•"•»«  taught  by 

lot,  ,r."ii.^P  ?•  '.'»«  '"ow  hi.^ 


•obereWn^Ibl^forr^^-VtS 
Koran  f„rg.j|  by  hi.  follow^.  ,ta?i 

<an  wrmit  Jesus  Chritt  to  be  t^^ 
aible  for  what  i.  nid  in  il.- /T^*^ 

wmaio.  Sir,  yours,  &c.      "'«*'"»«•  * 
GODFRKY  Htaoiiis. 


1*«V  •.""u'     ,       Somnsei Place 

.ion  .  '"*'"8  g""""  additional  circul,! 
Norih^,  7- API.«»I  in  behalf  of  "hj 
Northern  Libraries.  1  would  now  h^ 
to  acquaint  you.  ,|,a,  „,„  "^*  ^ 
been  sunported  by  the  libJr.1  ^coi;^  ibT 
orr!n^   1^''  ^r".?*^'  «*•«  Arrhbishop 

cSn:  iTe' S?r'  F  b"'w"°"-  ^''■"'«""« 
con  B,  h1,  Vk  "•  ^^?'f""'  Archdea- 
W?li;       I .'  T'"'^"*  R'ckman.  hj,. 

bv  o?he?t''?*""  ^'"•""'  «^- «^^ 
whose  choice  sefections  of  book,  will 
open  a  „,de  field  of  study  lo  theTn- 
dusinous  inhabitants  of  those  incl^ 
mem  regions.  A.  the  .mounU«W  ) 
which  I  anticipate,  is,   however,   fij 

fJdi         f  ."I  •'"  P"»?«»»  of  know. 

S  Jht"  \- '8  '"  ••"••  'hat  1  .hail 
Jeq>  the  sentiments  expressed  in  niv 
former  appeal  ojK^n  until 'the  begionit^J 
of  the  month  of  April,  af.er  whilh  "imf 

the  ^^"'' r"''."?."  *'"  »«  «>nfidei  W 
he  integrity  and  di«:reiion  of  Profesw 

"*'"•  NiCH.  Carlisle. 


.  jf 


Yi 


;   t 


:3t 

Li 
K 
J 

I"- 
1 


1 1'Z        Mr^  Higgins'9  Reply  to  Mr.  Upham. — Northern  Libraries,  .  [Feb. 


hath  chosen  the  better  part,  for  thoueh  her 
body  lies  here  in  dust  with  her  earthly  mo- 
ther, yet  her  soul  lives  in  reste  with  her 
heavenly  Father,  and  she  hath  left  her  eldest 
•ister,  Mary,  only  child  of  the  said  Henry 
and  Joane,  to  the  trobles  of  this  world. 
Obiit  16  Dec.  1638.     Eutis  16." 

Theie  are  a  varieiy  of  mural  monu- 
ments, but  I  shall  only  notice  one, 
which  appears  to  have  been  erected 
about  the  time  of  James  I.  In  the 
centre  is  a  death's  head.  Two  lines 
are  painted  black  on  a  red  ground, 
in  the  ledge,  immediately  under  the 
"  Memento  mori :" 

'*  You  shoulde  looke  on  :  why  tnrn  away 
thyne  Eyne  ? 

Thia  is  no  Strangers  hce  :  th*  pyesnamy 
is  Thyne." 

Over  it  is  the  following  coat : — S. 
three  covered  cups  A.  borne  by  No  well, 
which  name  frequently  occurs  in  the 
parish  register.     Yours,  &c.       R.  S. 

Ave^ov  Kai  Air€\ov. 

Epict.  apud  Aul.  Gell.  lib.  17. 
Mr.  Urban,  Feb  5. 

I  AM  informed  that,  in  your  Maga- 
zine for  last  month,  a  letter  is  in- 
serted from  my  friend  Mr.  Upham, 
respecting  my  little  treatise  on  the  life 
and  character  of  Mohnmed.  I  have  not 
read,  and  probably  never  shnll  read  the 
article,  as  religious  controversy  with 
A  FRIEND  is  not  to  my  taste.  I  un- 
dersund  that  I  am  accused  by  him 
of  having  written  against  Christianity. 
Though  1  decline  controversy  with  a 
friend,  I  may,  I  trust,  be  permitted  to 
say,  that  I  have  never,  in  any  work, 
written  a  word  against  our  leligion, 
though  I  may  have  expressed  myself 
with  warmth  against  the  frauds  of 
priests,  or  the  trash  and  nonsense  with 
which  the  simple  and  sublime  religion 
of  Jesus  Christ  has  been  overlaid  by 
various  sectaries — Jumpers,  Ranters, 
CaUinists, — with  superstitions  degrad- 
ing to  the  character  of  the  Deity,  and 
subversive  of  morality,  filling  our  pri- 
sons with  criminals,  and  our  hospitals 
with  lunatics.  But  I  apprehend,  an 
impartial  reader  will  find  in  my  works 
new  and  im|>onant  arguments  in  fa- 
Toor  of  Christianity.  For  instance,  my 
observations  jon  Mr.  Hume*8  fine  rea- 
soning on  miracles,  which  1  think  (in 
my  ••  Celtic  Druids,**  ch.  iv.  sect.  22,) 
has,  for  the  first  time,  received  its  re- 
futation. It  is  very  remarkable,  that 
those  of  my  friends  who  have  written 
against  my  works,  are  very  clear-sighted 
iu  seeing  what  they  are  pleased  to  call, 
or  miscall,   my  attacks    on    religion. 


though  they  seem  to  be  perfectly  bliml 
to  the  passages  which  they  contain  in 
its  defence,  never,  I  have  reason  to  be- 
lieve,  having  noticed  one  of  them  ! 

It  is  unfortunate  that  many  very 
religious  persons  should  imagine,  that 
they  are  promoting  their  own  religioin 
by  running  down  the  characters  of 
the  founders  of  those  of  their  neigh- 
bours and  fellow-subjects.  But  ge- 
nuine Christianity  requires  no  such 
defences ;  and  I  am  quite  satisfied 
that,  though  Mohamed  was  liable  to 
faults,  like  every  other  human  being, 
yet  that  the  closer  his  character  is  can- 
vassed, the  clearer  it  will  appear  that 
he  was  a  very  great  man,  both  con- 
sidered as  a  hero,  a  philosopher,  and  a 
Christian,  the  latter  of  which  he  really 
was,  as  he  professed  to  l)elieTe  in  the 
divine  mission  of  Jesus  Christ,  and  in 
the  truth  of  the  doctrines  taught  by 
him.  But  I  can  no  more  allow  him 
to  be  res|)onsible  for  the  whole  of  the 
Koran  forged  by  his  followers,  than  I 
can  |)ermit  Jesus  Christ  to  be  respon- 
sible for  what  is  said  in  the  (almost) 
scores  of  works,  called  Gospels,  written 
respecting  him. 

With  the  best  wishes  for  the  pro- 
sperity of  your  excellent  Magazine,  I 
remain.  Sir,  yours,  &c. 

GODPRRY   HlOOIMS. 

Mr.  Urban,  Somerset  Place, 

MY  best  thanks  are  due  to  yon  for 
having  given  additional  circula- 
tion to  my  Appeal  in  behalf  of  the 
Northern  Libraries.  I  would  now  beg 
to  acquaint  you,  that  my  request  has 
been  sup|)orted  by  the  liberal  contribu- 
tions of  Earl  Spencer,  the  Archbishop 
of  Canterbury,  the  Rt.  Hon.  SirThomas 
Grenville,  Sir  F.  B.  Watson,  Archdea- 
con Butler,  Thomas  Rickman,  Ksq. 
William  Lloyd,  Esq.  John  Lee,  Esq. 
LL.D.  and  Joshua  Watson,  Esq.  and 
by  other  kind  patrons  of  literature, 
whose  choice  selections  of  books  will 
open  a  wide  field  of  study  to  the  in- 
dustrious inhabitants  of  those  incle- 
ment regions.  As  the  amount  (S60/.), 
which  I  anticipate,  is,  however,  far 
from  being  complete,  I  would  again 
invite  the  co-oi>eration  of  those  who 
are  friendly  to  the  piogress  of  know- 
ledge ;  and  1  beg  to  add,  that  I  shall 
keep  the  sentinirnts  expressed  in  my 
former  ap|>eal  open  until  the  beginning 
of  the  month  of  April,  after  which  time 
the  whole  collection  will  be  confided  to 
the  integrity  and  discretion  of  Professor 
Rafn.  Nich.Carlislk. 


Is.M.] 


S'otin^  (if  Tai'utock  and  its  AUny. 


113 


Mr.  I'i'p, *\,  h\i.  4. 

II I A  \'  I".  '»cn  r.ivoiireil  by  M".  Bray, 
fi!  ihc  Vicar  J'^f  Ilcj:ii«i',  T:uisiCK-k, 
\vli«  a<-  jniifiti.iii  MI  \.\sw  is  well  known 
l.v  l5»  r  h:>t- rir.il  r<iMi.ii)Ci-»,  wsih  ihc 
nif'!''-r«l    (Irtwm^    nl"    iwo    picct's    of 

p.lll'l.   Ml  lljir  I  il"  l-»-lOM  of  [111-  Uc%'.  K. 

A  Ur.iv,  I'.S  A.  lit  r  Im-h.Knl,  relics  of 
till"  .iiuii'iK  ilfror.iiioMi  of  Tu  i>!c»ck 
cliijr»M.  1  lii*^  to  t'lKr  it  in  yoor  .Mis- 
cill.iiiy,  :)<-r(i!ii]Miiii'>l  by  «omc  nnu'S 
wliwli  h.j*i"  lis-  11  ciiiU'riid  by  invH'ir, 
\Mi!i  .1  \  irw  lo  rfliiiii;j[  an  arcount  of 
'r.ivi^iiiik  Alilicy  :mi(I  its  rnvir^Mis.  In 
list  M-  iMXt's  \()u  will  b.i\('  litilf  more 
ili.iii  •  «k(li ton  or  (uii'iine  (if  micIi  an 
ijiwIvTi  ikin;:,  .itvl  whrihcr  I  ni.iy  cvit 
fill  (li<  in  iiji  at  1  conUI  tU'sirc,  must  tie- 
|it-(ul  iipiYii  ItvMirc  .111(1  tlint  t'nrour.ii;c- 
nit-iii  whicli  i-i  nt<cs>;»ry  to  i-very  liic- 
rjry  undrrT.ikinj,  wbicb  the  author 
il*M-!»  not  \vi>h  iiltinintciy  to  prove  a 
niiilct  on  his  7i-:il  and  c-xertionH.  C\'r- 
tini  it  ii  ih:it  'I\nist<ick  :inil  its  i-n- 
«iroii<  atl'onl  hichlv  bc.iinilul  ol'iccts 
f"i)r  ^r.iphu'  il  osir.iiion,  ih.it  ««<.'virji 
(-h.ir.uiirs  (MiiiiKMii  in  hijforv  arc  fim- 
nocicd  with  the  p!.!c*e,  and  ihnt  the 
pari-ii  rii("«t  is  ri'in.irkjbiy  rich  in  an- 
fifjil  <lti»!<,  and  riiiirfh warden's  ac- 
roinii>,  ooiiie  ot'  which  I  examined  at 
'l'.ivi««i(i<-k  ill  the  \ear  IH'J7t  but  many 
more  ^iiil  rein.iin,  wliicli  I  hope  ere 
litn^  t>>  iui\e  an  opijortiiniiy  of  pertis- 
m.'.  In  the  mean  time  i  hhall  be 
ii.ippy  i:'  lite  sidj>C(piciU  cursory  memo- 
r.iiKla  ni  ly  be  fuund  acceptable  lo  your 
ri.-ad(-r<i. 

The  chiirc'i,  nKniaslic  dwcliini^s, 
aiid  pii-CiMCi  of  ihc  Alibcy  of  Tavistock 
111  IXiiiii,  Wire  siiii.iied  within  a  few 
v.irtii  (if  ihc  ri^ht  bank  of  the  ri%'rr 
'I'axy,  cm  a  nariow  plain,  very  slijshily 
I'ievaicii  .iiio\<-  the  bi-d  ol'  liiat  river, 
and  •'urriuindtil  on  the  n.>rtli,  soiilh, 
III'!  '•t-''Tti  'id---  l»v  •vniiUMicf'. 

'I'le  'I'jvy  1-  .1  rapid  •'in-im,  and  hat 
itN  (-(ii.i- ■  it.rou^h  a  rocky  channri;  the 
ili-jiih  '.f  this  i!*er  u  \cry  variable,  de- 
pt  III!.:..'  n.uch  on  liic  qii.mtiiy  of  rain 
u!i!(ii  drcendt  from  llic  hii^li  iaiids 
ab-iv  iiii-niiont  (!.  When  thii  is  ron- 
s-t'f.il-le  ihc  'I'.ivy  beronies  an  oiiject 
«il  iiiK  h  inicn  si,  lr<uu  iliceiloriN  of  its 
wdl  and  roaring  w.ilers  to  surmount 
liie  ('jip  >'«:iion  preneiiti'd  lo  their  ronrjic 
bv  i!i«-  iiiiin'-rou^  fra^iiieiiis  of  rock, 
wiii'M  lie  5C.*.!ured  in  the  bed  of  the 
s:r>"aiti. 

I:i  dry  sr'i..)ii.  the  r.iml'.itT   may  de- 
scend  into  tiie  rh.miii:!   tvorn    by  the 
fiFNT.  Mao.  F'irunrij,  l?aO. 


waters  of  the  Tavy,  where  he  will  find 
beautifully  piciuresrpie  combinations 
at  every  step.  The  blue  waters  of  the 
river  making*  their  gnrj^lin^  "  music 
with  the  enamelled  stones,'*  dark  foli- 
age here  and  there  ovei banking  the 
b.mks,  the  stillness  of  the  scene  per- 
chance broken  by  the  flight  of  the 
kinn- fisher,  whose  bright  cerulean 
pluma;;c  Hashes  like  a  meteor  across 
the  sombre  lints  of  the  ircis.* 

It  i>  nio>t  probable  that  the  emi- 
nences Mirrouudinir  Tavistock  Abbey 
wi-re,  in  remoie  times,  thickly  covered 
with  wood  ;f  this  must  have  greatly 
heightened  the  beauty  of  the  swelling 
upl.mds,  whii-h,  as  it  were,  Hank  the 
conr>e  td  the  river,  and  thus  the  site 
was  admirably  well  cho5cn  for  a  lif(ft 
of  seclusion  and  holy  contemplation^ 
"  Locus  amd'iius  opportunitate  nvmo- 
rum,  captura  copio.'-a  piscium,  ecclesias 
con^riienie  fabnca,  fluvialihu«  rivis  per 
oHicinas  monachnrum  dccurreiitibuii, 
qui  suo  iin))Ctu  etfosi  quicruiid  inveni- 
rent  supertiuum  poriant  in  cxitum." 
Such  is  M.iliiu>biiry*s  account  of  the 
beauty  and  con\enieiices  of  the  pKice.J 

The  eiymolo;;y  of  the  name  Tavis- 
tock does  not  ap|H'ar  to  be  of  dillicidt 
soluiinn.  "The  place  on  tlieTavy**  is 
evidently  implied  by  the  compound  ; 
but  il  ni.iy  he  ol)<i'Fvrd  tlial  by  early 
writer*  of  the  monkish  a;je,  ihe  Tavy 
is  c.illed  the  '/««,  and  that  the  Taw, 
ihe  Towy,  the  Tay,  and  the  Taf,  arc 
commoti  appellitivci  of  many  Kritisb 
rivers.  ThcTa\y  discharges  itself  into 
the  Tamar,  a  lew  miles  above  Ply- 
mouth ;  of  which  last  mentioned  riv^r 
it  may  be  accounied  a  branch.  There 
can  be  little  doubt,  ttierefore,  that  the 
Ta*y  i"«  an  abbreviation  of  the  Mriiish 
wiirds  7\iH  vrffnifif  or  the  little  'I'au, 
lhusdi»tinL>uifiinn'j[  ilie  tribiiiirv  branch 
from    the    'J\ni   Muirr  (afurvvards   'i'a- 

*  Til  obtain  nn  idea  of  a  Uovunsliire 
striMm,  ill  all  its  lieauty.  the  traveller  ihouM 
\i>it  ilu>  Wdlkluim  at  Wurde  liridge,  .about 
four  niilc«  fruiu  Tavistock.  Ac  tlii^  s|K)C 
tl.c  !ttreuiit  makes  iu  way  ljflt»-c-eii  thickly 
cludterin;;  frai;iiiOiit.s  of  dark  inoss-prnwu 
rix  k^,  and  (m  llic  liaiik,  c(Miti;;ii<i:iB,  is  an 
enchanting  little  womi,  t^-Jirri:  ilic  nakf 
arc  seen  fljuiisliin:;  aiuid.it  liii^c  iijahfea  of 
granite,  co%'Pr<>d  wiLii  lllfl^'  nud  liLtuMis. 

f  Tlie  Exi'ter  Doinrsdiiy  ais^i^^nii  a  large 
proportiun  vf  wmul  in  the  manor  tif  Tavis- 
tock. 

I  Malmosbdry  de  cstls  INn'.ir.  Ang?. 
apiid  Scri|itorci  post  l);:(!.'*an,  p.  9'f.'. 


114 


Notices  of  Tavistock  and  its  Abbey, 


[Feb. 


mar),  the  great  Tau.  When  the  Saxons 
established  their  town  and  monastery 
on  the  banks  of  the  Tau  vechan,  they 
M*ere  content  to  aflix  a  short  adjunct 
from  their  own  language  to  the  ori- 
ginal British  words,  and  the  abbrevi- 
ated form,  so  much  sought  by  common 
parlance,  easily  moulded  Tau-vechan- 
stoke  into  Tavistock.  The  Saxon 
Chronicle  indeed  strongly  countenances 
this  opinion  ;  in  that  venerable  record 
it  is  called  Mtepn^fcoke,  which, 
without  any  distortion,  may  be  read 
At-tavingsioke.* 

Ord^ar,  Duke  or  Heretoch  ofDevon, 
a  dignity  equal  to  that  of  permanent 
viceroy  or  petty  prince,  founded  the 
Abbey  at  this  place,  A.D.  qOi,  in  con- 
sequence of  a  remarkable  vision  which 
appeared,  according  to  the  Cartulary  of 
lavistock,  to  him  and  his  wife.  The 
structure  was  completed  by  his  son 
Ordulf,  about  twenty  years  after.  It 
was  appropriated  to  the  residence  of 
monks  of  the  Benedictine  order,  and 
dedicated  to  St.  Mary  and  St.  Rumon. 

Leland  found  a  M§.  Life  of  Rumon 
in  Tavistock  Abbey,  at  the  time  of 
the  suppression  of  monasteries.  He 
appears  by  this  account  to  have  been 
one  of  many  saints,  who  emigrated 
from  Ireland  into  Cornwall  in  the  5th 
or  6ih  century,  for  the  purpose  of  en- 
joying the  cieepest  seclu:iion,  and  to 
nave  erected  for  himself  an  oratory  in 
what  the  author  terms  a  Nemaean  fo- 
rest, formerly  a  most  frequented  haunt 
of  wild  beasts.  This,  according  to  the 
MS.  was  at  Falmouth,  where  he  died 
and  was  buried ;  but  the  fame  of  his 
sanctity  still  surviving,  Ordulf,  on  com- 
pleting the  monastery  at  Tavistock, 
was  induced  to  remove  his  bones  from 
their  resting  place,  and  to  enshrine 
them  in  the  Abbey  Church,  where  they 
became  an  object  of  ignorant  devotion. 
Malmesbury  seems  to  lament  that  the 
miracles  of  Rumon,  in  common  with 
those  of  many  other  saints,  owing  to 
the  violent  hostility  of  subsequent 
ticnes,  remained  unrecorded.  No  doubt 
this  hiatus  was  amply  supplied  in  the 

•  The  passage  in  the  Saxon  Chronicle 
runs  thus : 

Opbulj^j-  m  ynpep  cet  -ffitepn^jroke 
fopbspnbon, 

the  appareot  pleonasm,  by  the  repetition  of 
the  preposition  4Bt,  does  not  militate  against 
xny  definition,  as  custom  had  incorporated  it 
iu  the  compound,  forming  collectively  the 
name  of  the  place. 


volume  found  by  Leland,  and  the  la- 
bours of  him  who  perhaps  was  really  a 
zealous  and  fearless  propagator  of  Chris- 
tianity in  the  primitive  times,  were 
converted  into  a  series  of  ascetic  mor- 
tiBcations,  degrading  to  reason,  and 
worse  than  useless,  to  society,  while  his 
sanctity  became  attested  by  the  detail 
of  miracle?  more  absurd  than  the  wild- 
est of  the  Arabian  tales.  Of  the  re- 
puted saints,  however,  many  were  really 
such  in  their  day;  heroic  soldiers,  like 
St.  Paul,  of  Christ's  Church  militant  on 
earth,  in  perils  and  persecution ;  but  the 
purity  of  their  doctrines  becoming  ob- 
scured durins  temporal  convulsions,  the 
monks  issued  from  their  scriptoria  new 
versions  of  their  livies,  which  suited 
their  own  purposes  for  the  time,  but 
have  had  the  eflfcct  in  these  enlightened 
days  ofclouding  the  memory  of  holy  men 
with  much  of  doubt  and  incredulity. 

In  an  account  of  Tavistock  Abbey  it 
is  impossible  to  pass  over  the  story  of 
King  £dgar*s  marriage  with  Elfridn, 
the  daughter  of  Ordgar,  the  Heretoch 
of  Devon.  I  shall  be  content  to  relate 
it  in  Malmesbury's  own  words.* 

*'  There  was  in  the  time  of  £dgar  one 
Athelwold,  a  nobleman  of  celebrity,  and  one 
of  his  confidants.     The  King  had  commis- 
sioned him  to  visit  £Ifthrida,  daughter  of 
Ordgar,  Duke  of  Devonshire  (whose  charms 
had  so  fascinated  the  eyes  of  some  persons 
that  they  commended  her  to  the  king),  and 
to   offer  her   marriage  if   her  beauty  were 
really  equal  to  report.     Hastening  on  his 
embassy,  and  finding  every  thing  consonant 
to  general  estimation,  he  cooeeaTed  bis  mis- 
sion  from  her  parents,  and   procured  the 
damsel  for  himself.     Returning  to  the  king 
he  told  a  tale  which  made  for  hi^  own  pur- 
pose, that  she  was  a  girl  nothing  out  of  the 
common  track  of  beauty,  and  by  no  means 
worthy  of  such  trauscendant  dignity.    When 
Edgar's  heart  was  disengaged  from  this  af- 
fair, and  em|)Ioyed  on  other  amours,  some 
tattlers    acquainted    him    how    completely 
Athelwold  had  duped  him   by  his  artifices. 
Paying  blm  in  his  own  coin,  that  is  return- 
ing him  deceit  for  deceit,  he  shewed  the  earl 
a  fair  countenance,  and,  as   in   a  sportive 
manner,  appointed  a  day  when   he  would 
visit  this  far  fiuned  lady.     Terrified  almost 
to  death  with  this  dreadful  pleasantry,  he 
hastened  before  to  his  wife,  entreating  that 
she  would  administer  to  his  safety  by  attiring 
herself  as  unbecomingly  as  possible ;  then 
first  disclosing  the  intention  of  such  a  pro- 
ceeding.  But  what  did  not  this  woman  dare! 
She  was  hardy  enough  to  deceive  the  confi- 
dence of  her  first  lover,  her  husband ;  to  call 
up  every  charm  by  art,  and  to  omit  nothing 

*  Historia  Novella,  translated  by  Sharp,  1 54. 


1830.] 


Notices  of  Taviitoek  and  iU  Ahhef. 


11$ 


tvhich  could  tUmiikte  tb«  dnira  of  ayoaag 
•ad  powerful  mao.  Nor  did  evanto  nappta 
cootrary  to  tier  design,  for  ha  fell  to  despe- 
rately in  love  with  her  the  moment  he  saw 
her,  that,  dissembling  his  indignation,  ha 
sent  for  the  £ari  into  a  wood  at  Warewelle 
called  Harewood,  under  pretence  of  huntioga 
and  ran  him  through  with  a  jarelin  ;  and 
when  tha  illegitimate  son  of  the  murdered 
noblemen  approached  with  his  usual  fami- 
lisrity,  and  was  asked  by  the  king  how  he 
liked  that  kind  of  sport,  he  is  reported  to 
have  said,  *  Well,  my  sovereign  liege,  I  ought 
not  to  be  displeased  with  that  wnich  gives 
you  pleasure.'  This  answer  so  assuaged  the 
mind  of  the  raging  monarch,  that  for  the  re- 
mainder of  his  life  he  held  no  one  in  greater 
estimatiim  than  this  young  man ;  mitigating 
the  offence  of  his  tyrannical  deed  against 
the  fatlier,  liy  royal  solicitude  for  the  son. 
In  expiation  of  this  crime,  a  monastery, 
which  was  built  on  the  spot*  by  £lfthrida, 
is  inhabited    by   a  large    congregation   of 


nuns. 


Elfrida  bore  Ed^^ar  a  son,  Ethelred, 
and  in  order  that  he  might  be  elevated 
to  the  throne,  she  treaclierously  caused 
Kdward,  his  half-brother,  who  enjoyed 
the  kingly  office  aliout  three  years  and 
a  half,  to  be  murdered  by  an  attendant 
at  the  gate  of  her  castle,  while  he  was 
on  horseback,  and  taking  from  her 
hand  a  ctip  of  wine,  which  he  reque«l- 
ed  as  a  boon  of  hospitality,  after  the 
fatij^ties  of  the  chase. 

Elfrida  became  penitent,  after  the 
fashion  of  ihobc  days,  and  endeavoured 
to  expiate  the  sin  of  blood,  by  a  life 
of  superstitious  mortification  and  se- 
clusion in  the  nunnery  which  she  had 
founded  at  Wherwell.  False  religion 
rather  encourages  than  represses  crime; 
it  sets  as  it  were  a  certain  price  on  its 
|)erpetration,  and  holds  out  the  dein* 
sive  idea  that  the  deeds  of  hell  may  be 
bought  out  and  exchanged  at  a  nxed 
rate,  for  the  glory  and  felicity  of 
heaven. 

To  return  to  Ord^r,  the  founder  of 
Tavistock  Abbey,  Malmesbury,  whom 
we  have  ahore  quoted,  and  who  wrote 
in  the  time  of  King  Stephen,  tells  ut 
that  the  tombof  Ordgarwas  to  be  seen 
in  his  day,  as  also  that  of  his  son  Edulf 
or  Ordolf,  of  whose  remarkable  bodily 
strength  he  relates  an  anecdote  to  the 
following  effect. 

*  For  nuns  of  the  Augustine  order,  at 
Wherwell  in  Hampshirt,  This  sets  asida 
tlie  claim  which  has  been  made  for  Hare- 
wood  in  G>mwall,  the  seat  of  the  Trelawoy 
family,  as  the  scent  of  the  above  traasae- 
tioo. 


Ordolf  was  one  daj  in  eomptny  with 
his  kinsman  King  Edward ;  approach- 
ing the  city  of  Exeter,  the  porter  in 
charge  of  the  gate  bv  which  tney  were 
to  enter  was  out  or  the  way,  and  had 
secured  the  gate  on  the  outside  by  bars, 
and  on  the  inside  by  bolts.  Ordulf, 
willing  to  give  his  roval  cousin  ''  a 
touch  of  his  quality,*'  jumped  off  his 
horse,  and  seizing  the  bars  with  both 
hands,  with  a  slif^ht  effort  broke  them 
them  in  two.  Warmed  with  the  suc- 
cess of  this  first  essay,  with  a  single 
kick  he  burst  the  remaining  fasteninss 
asunder,  tearing  the  gates  off  their 
hinges.  The  surrounding  attendants 
extolled  the  feat  with  expressions  of 
the  highest  admiration ;  but  the  king, 
calling  to  mind  perhaps  the  demoniacs 
of  scripture,  who  resiaed  in  the  tombs, 
and  whom  no  human  bonds  could  con- 
fine, told  his  relative,  half  in  joke,  half 
in  earnest,  that  his  was  the  strength  of 
no  man,  but  of  a  devil  incarnate !  Some 
circumstances  are  added  to  this  story, 
concerning  Ordulf's  striding  across 
streams  ten  feet  wide;  an  useful  ac- 
complishment in  a  country  every  where 
intersected  by  water  courses,  and  in 
those  davs  doubtless  but  ill  provided 
with  bridges. 

Browne  Willis  tells  us,  that  in  his 
time  the  sepulchral  effigies  of  this 
Saxon  giant,  of  ^reat  length,  were  still 
preserved  by  lying  under  au  arch  in 
the  north  side  of  the  cloisters  of  the 
Abbey  church.  This  identical  arch, 
as  1  apprehend,  still  remains,*  a  soli- 
tary remnant  of  the  immediate  appen- 
dages of  the  Abbey  church.  The  ar- 
chitecture of  this  recess  is  of  the  time 
of  Henry  III.  and  as  there  is  no  exam- 
ple extant  which  can  lead  us  to  con- 
clude that  sepulchral  figures  were 
placed  over  tombs  in  the  middle  ages, 
until  the  twelfth  century,  and  as  it  was 
usual  to  re-edify  and  remodel  the  mo- 
numents of  saints  and  remarkable  |ier- 
sons  (of  which  custom  the  shrine  of 
Edward  the  Confessor,  now  in  West- 
minster Abbey,  is  a  prominent  exam- 
ple,) Ordulfs  tomb  perhaps  underwent 
u  renovation  about  this  period,  and  was 
supplied  with  a  sepulchral  effigy.  In 
diffging  the  foundation  of  the  house 
calkd  the  Abl)ey  house,  on  the  site  of 
which  the  Beoford  Arms  Inn  now 
stands,  a  remaikably  rude  and  small 
sarcophagus  was  found,  not  more  than 

*  A  tolerably  correct  view  of  It  b  cn- 

Sved  in  the  Antiqoarian  and  Topographical 
linet,  vol.  II, 


116                         Notices  of  TatUtock  and  its  Ahhef.  [Feb; 

three  or  four  feet  in  length,  contaioing  brief  particulars  relative  to  him  and  hU 

loroe  large  bones.    Two  of  these,  each  son,  which  have  reached  these  later 

belonging  to   a  thigh,  are  preserved  days,  it  maj  be  well  to  observe  that  the 

in  the  parish  church  of  Tavistock,  and  account  of  the  remarkable  strength  of 

the  larger  is  shewn  as  appertaining  to  the  latter  need  not  be  rdected  as  alto* 

the  body  of  the  founder  Ordgar,  the  gether  an  idle  tale.      Most  of  these 

smaller  to  that  of  his  wife;*  the  size  magnified  relations  have,  like  the  lives 

of  the  stone  chest  not  more  than  three  of  the  deified  personaees  of  the  Greek 

or  four  feet  in  length,  and  the  dissimi-  and  Roman  age,  some  foundation  in  real 

larity  of  the  dimensions  of  the  bones,  circumstances.      Modern  times    have 

seem  indeed  to  countenance  the  idea  aSbrded  us  indisputable  instances  of 

that  the  perishing  remains  of  Ordgar  individuals  gifted  with  wonderful  mas« 

and  his  wife,  as  benefactors  to  the  mo-  cular  power.    Ordulf  might  have  re* 

nastery,  might  have  been  coUecied  by  moved  in  a  manner  surprising  to  the 

a  pious  care,  and  deposited  in  one  com-  ordinary  race  of  men,  some  obstacle 

mon  receptacle  by  the  monks  of  St.  which  opposed  the  entrance  of  King 

Rumen.      Am6ng  several  interesting  Edward  and  his  train,  into  the  city  of 

architectural    fragments,    which    are  £xeter,  and  possessed  of  a  stature  be- 

preserved  with  the  sarcophagus  itself,  yond  the  usual  standard,  and  of  strength 

oy  the  good  taste  of  the  Rev.  £.  A.  m  proportion,  might  have  excelled,  in 

Bray,  the  present  vicar  of  Tavistock,  passins  brooks,  dylces,  or  other  obsta- 

under  a  gothic  arch  in  the  Vicarage  cles,  all  his  competitors  in  the  chase. 

Garden,  (of  which  arch   more  here-  The  Abbey  Church  being  completed 

after.)  were  two  fragments  of  stone  ta-  by  Ordulf,   Aimer    became   the  first 

blets,  inscribed  in  a  delicate  Roman  Abbat.    Ethel  red,  the  grandson  of  the 

character  j  one  bore  the  legend,  founder,  who  had  succeeded  to  the 

svBiACET  iNTvs  English  Crown  by  the  death  of  Ed- 

coRDiTOR  ward  the  Martyr,  granted  a  charter  to 

T|,e  oiher :  ^^^  Abbey  J,  exempting  it  from  all  se- 
cular service,  except  rate  for  military 

INDOLE    ...             '     J   ^iJ                •         r  1.  'J 

cQNDiTOR  A cxpcditions,  aud  the  repair  of  brideei 

PRESTET  ANiMA*.*.....  ^°^  castlcs.    In  thc  preamble  to  thia 

„.     ,                                    ,        ,  instrument,   he  laments  that  certain 

The  last  inscription  may  perhaps  be  „^„      ^^^^^^  ^j^^  infidelity,  bad 

a  mpnitorv  sentence  to  the  visitor  of  ^^„  allowed,  without  his  content  (he 

the  founder  s  tomb,   that  he  should  ^eing,  as  it  might  be  said,  in  an  infant 

exhibit  as  benevoent  a  disposition  as  ^^j  '^powerless  state,   not  more  than 

Ordgar  towards  the  abbey:    «ut  ille  t^entV  years    of   age),   to  drive  the 

indolem  sicut  conditor  abbatiae  nostra  ^^^^^  ^^  Tavistock  from  their  sacred 

praestet  animam.t  ,^^^^  ^^^  possessions.    This  auin  of 

Ordcar,  the  founder,  IS  said  to  have  \^^^^x\iy  wksT  I  apprehend,  nothing 

residecTat  Tavistock,  and  the  «ite  of  his  ^^^^  ^^in  a  disbelieYin  the  sanctity  of 

house  is  still  iradiiionally  pointed  out.  n^onachism.  and  the  expulsion  of  the 

Before  I  dismiss  the  nonce  of  the  above  jy^^^j^^    ^^^^   ^^^^^j,  "benefice*,    in 

*  They  have  betn  measured  for  me  by  ^»^'»c*\  they  were  replaced  by  the  much 

Mr.  James  Cole,  the  sexton  of  Tavistock  :  more  deserving  and  useful  class  of  eccle- 

the  larger  thigh  bone  Is  91  inches  in  length,  siaslics,  the  secular  Clergy.     The  8UO» 

5i  in  circumference;  thesmaller  19  in  length,  cess  of  the  artifices  of  Dunstan,  in  fa« 

4^  in  circumference.    If  these  were  reallj  the  vour  of  the  monkish  order,  is  however 

bones  of  Ordgar  and  his  wife,  as  probably  well   known.    The  Charter  containt 

they  were,  it  ia  not  surprising  that  their  son  the  customary  anathemas  against  all 

Ordulf  should  be  tall.  infringement,    and    is    witnessed    by 

t  It  is  with  regret  that  I  record  that  Ethelred  or  Adelred,  King  of  all  Bri- 

some  one  has  grossly  abused  the  kindness  ^^      Alflhrith  or  Elfrida  his  mother, 

of  the  worthy  vjcar,  who  grants  ready  access  Dunstan    the  Archbishop  of  CantCI- 

to  every  one  wishing  to  view  these  rehcs,  and  t                 i                          ^i  .^  ««j  ^.« 

has  cut  off  all  further  examination  of  the  in-  ^"^y*  ^"1  numerous  prelates  and  mag. 

scriptions  by  carrying  them  away.    He  must  "^J^  ^[  ^"®  '^**™-      ,      t^     .  .     « 

beapitifiil  antiquary  indeed  who  ean  stoop  '"  «hc  year  997   the  Danish   fleet, 

to  disgrace  himself  by  theft?  which  cannot  ""Jer  Sweyn,  entered  the  bevern,  and 

long  enrich  himself,  and  who  abstracts  from     __^_— ^^— — — — ^_ 

the  pleasure  and  infuriuation  of  the  public  X  Bee  Charter  of  Inspesimus,  Edw.  III. 

at  large  in  a  present  and  future  age.  Dugdale's  Monasticon. 


idso.] 


No^ctB  of  Tavktoek  and  Ui  Abbey. 


117 


hating  plandered  and  laid  waste  rarkMit 
places  on  the  coast  of  Wales,  Somer- 
setshire, and  Cornwall,  sailed  round 
Penwihtsteort,  the  Land's  End,  and 
anchoring  in  the  mouth  of  the  Tamar, 
they  ravaged  the  country  as  far  as  Ljd- 
ford,  burning  and  slaying  all  before 
them.  In  this  devastation  the  monas- 
tery of  Tavistock,  so  lately  completed 
by  Orduir,  was  plundered  and  con- 
sumed by  6re,  the  Danes  retiring  laden 
with  its  spoils,  and  those  of  tne  ad- 
jacent country,  to  their  ships*. 

The  Abbey  thus  destroyed,  lay  for 
some  lime  in  ruins,  but  was  at  length 
rebuilt,  probably  by  the  exertions  and 
munificence  of  Living  or  Livincus, 
who  was  nephew  to  Brithwald,  Bishop 
of  St.  German's  in  Cornwall :  he  was 
at  first  a  Monk  of  Winchester,  after- 
wards Abbatof  Tavistock,  and  in  the 
year  I03S  was  consecrated  Bishop  of 
Crediton  (Kirton).  He  was  greatly  in 
the  favour  of  King  Canute,  and  ac- 
companied him  in  his  pilgrimage  to 
Rome.  After  the  death  of  Brithwald, 
his  uncle,  he  procured  the  See  of  St. 
German'sf  to  be  united  to  his  own, 
and  held  them  both,  with  the  Bishopric 
of  Worcester,  to  which  he  was  pro- 
moted, until  his  death.  A  heavy  ac- 
cusation was  brought  against  him  of 
being  concerned  in  the  death  of  Alfred, 
the  eldest  son  of  King  Ethelred.  He 
was  deprived  of  his  episcopal  prefer- 
ments for  a  season ;  but,  having  cleared 
himself  from  impeachment,  was  re- 
stored to  them,  and  died  in  the  year 
1046.  He  was  interred  at  Tavistock 
A  bbey,  to  which  he  had  been  a  muni- 
ficent benefactor. 

£dwy  Atheling,  a  son  of  Ethelred, 
and  great-grandson  of  Ordgar  the  foun- 
der, soQsht  a  refuge,  I  conjc;pture,  in 
Tavbtock  Abbey,  from  the  jealousy  of 
Canute,  as  he  died  and  was  buried  there 
about  this  time. 

Aklred  socceeded  Living  in  his  life 
time  as  Abbat,  and  at  his  death  in  the 
see  of  Worcester.  In  the  reign  of  Ed- 
ward the  Confessor,  he  was  elevated  to 
the  see  of  York,  and  is  said  to  have 
crowned  William  the  Conqueror.  He 
afterwards  fulminated  an  excommuni- 
cation against  the  King  for  having 
broken  the  oath  taken  at  his  corona- 

*  SaxoD  ChroB.  tab  aan.  997. 

t  The  Church  at  St.  German's  it  well 
worthy  th^  attettiion  of  lli«  antiquary.  I 
have  liule  doabt  of  mmm  of  its  architectural 
paru  fflill  extant  are  of  tlio  tame  of 
AtbaUtao. 


tion,  to  dbpense  indtacrimiiuite  jnatice' 
and  favour  to  his  English  as  well  as 
bis  Norman  subjects;  but  wanting  that 
▼igour  of  character  necessary  to  sustain 
a  bok)  step,  he  fell  a  victim  to  anxiety 
of  mind,  broosht  on  by  fear  of  the 
consequences  of  the  above  measure,  in 
the  year  \Q6g.  Sithric  appears  to  have 
ancc«eded  him  in  his  Abbacy  of  Ta- 
vistock, for  he  occurs  as  Abbat  1050, 
and  died  in  1082.  Next  came  Geof- 
frey, who  died  in  1088.  Wimund  fol- 
lowed, who  appears  to  have  abused 
the  trust  reposed  in  him;  for  Henry 
the  First,  by  his  letters,  commands 
the  Sheriff  of  Devon  to  cause  re« 
stitution  to  be  made  to  his  Church 
of  Tavistock,  of  the  manors  of  Rue- 
berge  (Roborough)  and  Cudelipe  (Cod« 
lip),  which  Wimund  had  unjustly  de- 
livered up  to  his  brother {.  Wimund 
was  at  length,  in  1  lOS,  deposed  for 
simony,  and  was  replaced  by  Osbert, 
to  whom  King  Henry  the  First  granted 
the  privilege  of  a  weekly  market,  on 
Fridays,  in  the  manor  of  Tavistock, 
and  a  fair  for  three  days  at  the  feast  of 
St.  Rumon.  He  confirmed  to  him  and 
his  monastery,  and  to  Turold  and  their 
dependent  monks  residing  in  the  Scilly 
Isles,  all  the  Churches  and  their  land 
there,  as  they  or  any  other  monks  or 
hermits  had  neld  them  in  the  time  of 
King  Edward  the  Confessor.  Reginald 
Earlof  Cornwall,  natural  son  of  Henry, 
afterwards  corroborated  this  charter, 
and  also  granted  the  monks  in  Scilly 
all  wreck  upon  those  isles,  excepiins 
whales  and  entire  ships.  Osbert  died 
in  1 13 1,  and  was  followed  by  Geoffrey, 
to  whom  succeeded  Robert  de  Plymp* 
ton,  1141.  Robert  Postell,  ob.  1154. 
Walter,  monk  of  Winchester,  who 
died  1 174,  had  a  charter  of  free  warren 
for  the  Abbey  possessions,  from  King 
Henry  II.  Baldwin,  ob.  1183;  next 
Stephen,  then  Herbert,  ob.  1200. 
Jordan,  ob.  1220.  William  Kermet, 
ob.  1224.  John  Capell,  ob.  1233. 
Alan  de  Cornwall,  ob.  1248.  Robert 
de  Kitecnoll,  a  monk  of  the  foundation,, 
succeeded ;  nextThomas,and  then  John 
de  Nonhampton,  ob.  1257.  Philip 
Trenchfield,  ob.  126O.  Alured,  the 
next  Abbat,  was  succeeded  in  1262  by 

X  These  mitappropriationt  of  Chureh  pro- 
party  wara  not  uncommon.  See  an  instance, 
in  Kenpe's  Historical  Notices  of  St.  Marttn- 
le-Orand,  London,  of  land  and  houses  be- 
kinging  to  Uiat  fbondation  being  alienated 
to  the  sons  and  daughters  of  the  officiating 
priest.     P.  57. 


118 


Inveniory  of  Records  in  the  Chapter-house. 


[Pdi. 


John  Chubbfy  who  was  deposed  eight 
years  after  his  election.  Robert,  ob. 
1S85.  Robert  Campbell,  ob.  1325. 
Robert  Bosse,  deposed  1333.  Then 
followed  John  de  Courtenay,  eldest  son 
of  Hugh  Courtenay,  Earl  of  Devon, 
ob.  1349.  Richard  de  Ashe  or  Esse. 
Stephen  de  Langdon,  elected  1362, 
ob.  1380.  Thomas  Cullen,  ob.  1402. 
John  Mey,  ob.  1421.  Thomas  Mede 
held  the  Abbacy  till  1442,  when  Tho- 
mas Crispin,  Prior  of  the  Monastery, 
was  elected;  he  died  in  144?.  Wil- 
liam Pewe,  the  next  Abbat,  died  in 
1460,  and  was  followed  by  John  Dy- 
nington  or  Dymyngton,  who  applied 
to  the  King  for  permission  that  the 
Abbats  of  Tavistock  should  enjoy  the 
distinction  o^  wearing  the  episcopal 
habiliments,  which  was  granted  in  the 
following  terms,  as  they  may  be  ren- 
dered from  the  Latin  form. 

**  Licence  for  the  Abbst  of  Tavistoke  to 
wear  the  Pontificalia. 

**  The  King,  to  all  to  whom  these  presents 
shall  come,  greeting :  Be  it  known  that  we 
of  onr  especial  grace  have  granted  and  given 
permisiion  for  us  and  our  heirs,  as  much  aa 
in  us  lies,  to  John  Denynton,  Abbat  of  the 
House  and  Church  of  the  blessed  St.  Mary 
and  St.  Ruroon,  to  solicit  and  have  per- 
mission from  the  sovereign  Pontiff,  the 
present  Pope,  to  use  the  mitre,  amice  *  (al- 
nucio),  aandals,  and  other  pontifical  in- 
signia, and  of  blessing  in  the  solemnity  of 
masses,  and  pronouncing  absolutions  with 
the  same  authority,  and  in  tlie  same  manner, 
as  any  Bishop  uses. 

**  And  that  the  said  Abbat  may  likewise 
prosecute  any  other  provisions  concerning 
the  above  matter,  and  enjoy  the  l>enefit  of 
them  for  himself  and  his  successors  for  ever. 

**  And  further,  we  of  our  greater  fiivour 
luve  granted  and  given  licence  to  the  said 
Abbat,  that  lie  may  receive  A|>osti>lic  Let- 
teis  and  Bulls  for  the  aforesaid  provisions, 
and  all  and  singular  therein  contained,  exe- 
cute, reail,  and  cause  to  lie  read,  and  them 
and  every  of  them  altOj^ether,  fully  and 
wholly,  quietly,  peaceably,  and  without 
luirm,  according  to  the  effect  of  the  said 
letters  and  bulls,  and  each  of  them,  mav 
use  and  enjoy,  forltiddiog  that  the  said 
Abbat  or  his  IVoctors,  Fautors,  G>unci)k)rs, 
Hel|yfn,  or  .Adhereuu,  or  any  oihcr  his  Soli- 
citorf.  Readers,  or  Publishers  of  the  said 
Letters  and  Bulls,  shall  be  bv  ua  or  our 


*  The  anice  has  been  erroaeously  defined 
by  glu«sari»u  as  a  cap:  it  was  an  under 
rxt|>e  made  ^nermlhr  of  linen,  cmrring  the 
shouUer*%  and  lastenetl  bv  string  r\>und  the 
breast.  See  the  Rev.  J.  Maine's  in^retilng 
attd  Waraid  **  Aec^Hint  of  the  fiadiag  of  the 
bodv  and  iwl*s  of  Su  CuihWrt." 


heirs  impeded,  dnquieted,  dtsturbedy  mo- 
lested or  oppressed,  the  statotea  for  Pio* 
visors.  Ordinations,  Provisions^  enacted  to 
the  contrary,  or  other  thbga,  couaes,  m»tr 
ters  whatever,  which  on  our  or  any  other  part 
may  be  said  or  alledged,  notwithstanding. 

**  In  witness  whereof  we  have  caused 
these  our  Letters  to  be  made  patent. 

«  Witness  the  King  at  Westmtnatery  the 
third  day  of  February.'^— (86  Hen.  VL  A.D. 
1457.) 

Yours,  &c.  A.  J.  K. 

(To  he  continued.) 

Mr.  Urban,  Feb.  4. 

IT  is  one  of  the  many  disadvantago 
under  which  Historical  and  Anti* 
quarian  literature  labours,  that  the 
contents  of  some  of  the  public  reposi- 
tories are  but  little  known  to  the  world. 

The  Chapter  House,  Westminster, 
contains  muniments  of  the  moat  va- 
luable, but  miscellaneous,  nature ;  and 
in  1807  the  Record  Commissioa  or* 
dered  an  Inventory  to  be  made  of  them. 
Three  copies  only  were  taken  of  it; 
and  of  the  existence  of  these,  %'ery  few 
persons  are  aware.  Having  made  ao 
abstract  of  the  "  Alphabetical  Index" 
to  the  one  in  the  British  Museum,  I 
send  it  for  publication  in  the  Gentle* 
man*s  Magazine. 

It  is  but  an  act  of  justice  to  add, 
that  the  present  Keeper  of  the  Chapter 
House  has  always  manifested  a  disposi* 
tion  to  afford  as  much  facility  to  lite- 
rary inquiries  as  the  existing  regula- 
tions of  that  establishment  will  permit, 
so  that  by  making  your  readers  ac- 
quainted with  its  stores,  you  will  pro- 
bably be  the  means  of  hriogiiig  to 
light  many  historical  facts. 

Yours,  &c.  N.  H.  N. 

General  Inventory  of  all  ike  Record^ 
and  other  Puttie  Documents,  frt- 
served  in  the  Chapter  House  at  iFeU* 
IN :u/rr,  made  ty  order  rf  His  Ma- 
jesty^s  Commissioners  on  ike  Puh&c 
Records  iff  ike  Kingdom.  1807. 
Folio,  on  parchment^  deposited  in  ike 
Library  qftke  Briiisk  Museum. 

At  a  board  of  the  Commiasionefi, 
held  on  Thursday,  30th  July,  1807*  it 
was  ordered  that  Sir.  lUingworthp  as  a 
Sub^Commissioner,  together  with  Mr. 
Kilis  and  Mr.  Richards,  do  proceed 
immediaielv  to  make  a  general  InTeii- 
tory  of  all  tKe  Recoids,  and  other  pub- 
lic documents,  preserted  in  the  Chap* 
ter  House,  the  said  inventory  to  be  w 
the  natuic  of  a  pre»s  catalogue,  deacrib» 


1830.] 


Inveniarff  of  Records  in  the  Chapier»house. 


ing  the  general  coDtents  of  each  apart- 
ment, press,  and  shelf,  specifying  the 
title  and  numerical  marks  now  amxed 
to  each  Roil,  Book,  or  Box  ;  and  that 
two  copies  be  made  of  it  on  vel- 
lum, together  with  a  Catalogue  of  the 
several  existing  Indexes,  one  of  the 
said  copies  to  remain  in  the  Chapter 
House,  *'  open  to  public  inspection, 
and  the  other  to  be  delivered  to  the 
Keeper  of  His  Majesty's  Records  in 
the  Tower,  there  to  remain  for  the 
use  of  the  public.'*  On  the  3 1st  Oc- 
tober  following,  the  Inventory  was  ac- 
cordingly made :  and  at  a  board  of  the 
Commissioners  held  on  the  l6th  De- 
cember, 1807,  it  was  approved.  The 
gentlemen  who  preparea  it  were  de- 
sired to  authenticate  the  contents  of 
the  book  by  subscribing  their  initials 
to  every  page ;  and  a  third  copy  was 
commanded  to  be  made  upon  vellum, 
and  deposited  in  the  British  Museum 
for  the  use  of  the  public.  Messrs.  11- 
iingworth,  Ellis,  and  Richards,  were 
farther  ordered  to  report  annually,  on 
the  1st  of  March  in  each  year,  the 
alterations  or  additions,  if  any,  m»de 
to  the  aforesaid  Cataloeue;  their  first 
report  to  be  made  1st  Nlarch,  ISOQ. 

Abbeys,  tunrejt  of — temp.  Hen.  VIII. 

Arregoo,  treaties  with,  from  the  18  £dw.  I. 
to  the  reign  of  Henry  VUI. 

Assize  Rolls,  chronologically  arranged  from 
the  reign  of  Edward  I.  to  Henrv  VI. 

in  counties — Henry  III.  to  Hennr  IV. 

Atuinilers,  records  relatine  to  ;  vidt  Crom- 
well, Wolsey,  and  Forfeited  Esutes. 

Augmentation,  Court  of,  bills,  answers,  and 
^positions  in,  also  for  grants  of  Chancery 
lands — temp.  Edw.  VI. 

Aulae  Placita ;  vide  Marsbalsea. 

BeneToIeacet  and  Loans,  Privy  Seals  for— 

ump.  Henry  VII.  and  VIII. 
Brittany,  treaties  with — from  the  15  John, 

to  7  Henry  VH. 
Burgundy,  treaties  with — from  8  Hen.  V.  to 

1  Ric  III. 
Butleragt,  aecounU  of — temp.  Henry  VIII. 

Calais,  the  Treasurer's  and  Controller's  ac- 
counts relating  to,  and  abo  of  ibe  staple 
of— tamp.  Hen.  VIII. 

CastUe,  treaties  with — ^firom  the  88  Henry 
HI.  to  91  Edw.  IV. 

Catherine,  Queen  of  Hen.  VUI.,  papers  re- 
lating to  her  divorce. 

Chnnuries  and  Chapels,  particulars  for  sales 
of  lands  belonging  to— temp.  Edw.  VJ. 

Charles  I.  Receiver  General's  accounu  of 
lands  late  belonging  to — anno  1643. 

Chivalry,  Court  of,  Placita  Exercitus — 94 
Edw.  I. 

Clause  RoUs^anno  18  Ric  II. 


119 


Common  Pleas,  Court  of,  original  and  judi- 
cial writs— Edw.  III.  to  Henry  Vil. 

—  Original  and  judicial  writs,  with  re- 
turns, bail  pieces,  habeas  corpus  cum 
causa,  and  returns,  Jac.  II. ;  jury  pro- 
cess, records  for  trial,  and  poetess,  write 
of  execution,  &c. — Hen.  II.  to  Jac.  II. 
'  similar  documente  oeeur  for  the  reigns 
of  Ric.  II.,  Hen.  VIIL,  Edw.  VI.,  Philip 
and  Mary,  EJixabeth,  James  I.,  Charles  I., 
Commonwealth,  Usurpation,  and  Charles 
II. 

Placita  de  Banco— from  3  Hen.  HI.  to 

94  Hen.  VII. 

—^  pedes  finium  in  cur*  regis,  and  in  the 
Common  Pleas — from  Ric.  I.  to  4  Jac.  II. 

writs  of  entry,  summons,  and  seizin — 

from  1  Eliz.  to  4  Jac.  II. 

Counties,  assize  rolls,  miscellanea,  and  forest 
proceedings,  &c.  relating  to  each  county 
—Edw.  I.  to  Hen.  VIII. 

Coroners  Rolls. 

Court  Rolls  of  manors  formerly  in  the  pos- 
session of  the  Crown — various  reigns. 

Cromwell,  Thomas  Lord,  correspondence 
and  sUte  papers  during  his  administration 

—temp.  Hen.  VUI. 

Crown,  Pleas  of  the— Hen.  HI.  to  Hen.  VI. 

Curia  Regis,  fines  levied,  and  placita  in— 
Hen.  II.  Ric.  I.  and  John. 

Customs,  Receivers'  General,  accounte  of— 
various  reigns. 

Dioceses,  bag  of  divers — rarions  reigns. 
Domesday  Book. 

Escheat  Terrae  Normannorum,  Rolls  of  ac- 
counts of  lands  escheated  to  the  Crown- 
Hen.  111. 

Exchequer  Accounts — temp.  Hen.  VIII. 

Excise,  receipts  of  Collectors  for  the  stapdard 
measure — anno  1700. 

Exercitus  Regis — vide  Chivalry,  94  Edw.  I. 

Eyre,  Rolls  of  placita  before  the  Justices  in 
—Hen.  III.  to  Edw.  III. 

Fines,  pedes  finium  in  Com'  Pleas,  et  ia 

Cur'  Regis— Ric.  I.  to  4  Jac.  H. 
Flanders,  treaties  with — 8  Hen.  II.  to  10 

Hen.  IV. 
Forests,  placita  perambulations,  and  forest 

claims  In  various  counties — Hen.  III.  to 

Car.  II. 
Forfeited  Estates,  Surveyor's  accounte  of— 

various  reigns. 
France,  treaties  with — Hen.  III.  to  Jac.  I. 
Funerals,  orders  for  several  Royal  and  other 

—Hen.  VIII.  and  Eliz. 

Gaol  Deliveries— Edw.  I.  to  Hen.  VI. 
Garter,  statutes  of  the  order  of  the^Hen. 

VUI. 
Germany,  treaties  with — 6  Edw.  I.  to  95  Eliz. 
Gold  and  Silver  Mines — various  reirns. 
Guernsey  and  Jersey  Assize  Rolls,  Miscella- 

neons,  8ce.  Edw.  I.  to  Edw.  III. 

Hanse  Towns— Hen.  VIII. 
Henry  V. — his  wilt 


ISO 


Inventory  of  Records  in  the  Chapter-house. 


[Feb. 


Henry  VII.— hit  will. 

*i  Chapel — books  of  the  founda- 
tion of. 

»—  VIII.  divorce*  letters,  &e.  of  his  am- 
bassadors ;  his  will  and  monameDt. 

Holland,  treaties  with— 19  Hen.  Vf.  to  89 
Jac  I. 

Household,  Royal,  accounts  of— Henry  VII. 
and  Hen.  VI 1 1.;  vide  Wardrobe. 

Hundred  Rolls  in  each  County — Edw.  I. 

James  the  First's  Annexation  of  the  Impe- 
rial Crown  and  Jewels  to  the  Crown. 

Jersey  and  Guernsey  Assize  Rolls,  miscel- 
lanea, &c.  £dw.  II.  and  Edw.  Id. 

Jewels  and  Plate,  indentures  for  the  delivery 
of Edw.  II.  and  Edw.  III. 

Jews,  Rotuli  Judeorum — John  and  Hen.  HI. 

Inquisitions  poet  mortem,  transcripts  of,  in 
the  Court  of  Wards— from  S8  Hen.  VIII. 
to  31  Car.  I. 

Ipswich  and  Oxford  Cardinal  College,  sur« 
renders  of  molwsteries  for  the  endowment 
of,  Hen.  VIII. 

Ireland,  State  Papers  relating  to  the  affairs 
of — various  reigns. 

Tuly,  treaties  with — 96  Edw.  III.  to  19 
Hen.  VIII. 

Iter  Rolls— Hen.  III.  and  Edw.  I. 

King's  Bench,  Court  of,  original  and  judi- 
cial writs,  mesne  and  jury  processes, 
posteas,  &c. — various  reigns,  Hen.  VII. 
to  Jaq.  I. 

— ^  Placita  coram  Rege — 4  Hen.  III.  to 
10  Hen.  V. 

Langeton,  Walter  de,  pleadings  in  com- 
plaints against — 1  Edw.  II. 

Letters,  Royal,  to  Cardinal  Wolsey,  Lord 
Cromwell,  Lord  Lisle,  and  miscellaneous 
•^temp.  Hen.  VIII. 

Liber  Niger. 

Lincoln  Assize  Rolls  and  miscellanea — Hen. 
III.  to  Rich.  II.  and  insurrections  in, 
temp.  Hen.  VIIL 

taxation  of  the  Clergy  in  the  dio- 
cese of — a®  1640. 

Lisle,  Lord,  letters,  &c.  temp.  Hen.  VHI. 

London,  City  of.  Assize  Rolls,  &c. — Hen. 
IlLandHen.  IV. 

1 1  Roll  of  lands  given  in  mortmain  in 

— various  reigns. 

Manors,  rentals  of  various,  temp.  Hen.  VIII. 
Marshalsea  Court,  Placita  Aulae — Edw.  L 

II.  and  III. 
Mews  and  horses,  expenses  of  the  King's — 

13  Edw.  I. 
Michael,  St.  order  and  statutes  of,  sent  to 

Henry  VIII. 
Mines,  I1n,  in  Cornwall  and  Devon-^va- 

rious  reigns. 

Gold  and  Silver,  m  Gloucestershire 


and  Somersetshire — various  reigns. 
Mint,  Assays,  indentures,  &c. — Edw.  III. 

and  Car.  1. 
Miscellaneous  Records,  bags  of,   in  each 

county— various  leigns. 


Monasteries,  surveys  and  vlsitatiout,  tie- 
ports  of  visitors  and  •arrendert  —  Hea. 
VIII. 

'  pensions  to  abbota,  tec  of  dlit- 

•olved  monasteries — ^Hen.  VIIL 

Mortmain  Liceuses  to  Wolsey  to  endow  hu 
colleges— Hen.  VIII. 

-Musters  of  men  at  arma,  bobilera,  &r.  ia 
various  coimties— Hen.  V.  VL  and' VIII. 

Navarre,  Treaties  with— I   Ric.  IL  to  4 

Hen.  VHI. 
Navy  and  Ordinance  accounts— Hen.  VIIL 
Normandy  Ministers*  accounts,  -»  a*  1305. 

Ordnance  and  Navy  accounts— Hea.  VIIL 
Oxford  University,  fbnndatioa  aad  endows 
ment  of  Cardinal  College,  temp.  Heo,VIlI. 

Palaces,  Castles,  &e.  aeeounte  of  expeasee 
of,  vide  Hampton  Court,  Wiodior,  York 
Place— Edw.  IV.  to  Hen.  VIIL 

Papal  Bulls,  books  of  eaidmeat  thereel^ 
Edw.L 

Parliament,  petitions  and  pleadiage  m$  end 
several  rolls  of — ^Edw.  L 

Patent  Rolls— John,  Edw.  IL  end  Hen.  VI. 

Pips  Rolls— John,  Henry  VUI.  Philip  and 

Placita  Aulse— 19  Edw.  I. 

de  Assists— Hen.  IH.  to  Ren.  VI. 

-  de  Banco — 3  Hen.  Iff.  to  S4  Hen. 


VIL 


Coroue,  &c.  in  Eytev  ftc^^-vaiioat 
reigns. 

Exercitus— 94  Edw,  L 

Parliaroentaria — Edw.  I. 

Cor'  Rege— 4  Hen.nL  to  10  Hen.  V. 


Pole,  Cardinal,  letters  and  euminntions  of 

—Henry  VIIL 
Ponthieu,  Montrieul,  and  Bordeanx,*  Trei^ 

surers'  accounts  of— Edw.  IlL  Hen.  V. 

and  VIII. 
Portugal,  treaties  with— 47  Edw.  III.  to  6 

Henry  VIL 
Privy  Seal,  Bills  for  patente— Heniy  VIIL 

Elizabeth  and  Jac.  1. 
■  for  loans— Heary  VHI. 

Philippa,  Queen,  vide  contents  of  Regtauui 

bag— Edw.  I. 

Quo  Warranto,  rolls  and  abatraet»^£dv.  I. 
II.  and  III. 

Rageraan's  Baf. 

Rebellbns  in  Lincolnshire  and  Yoikahifi— 

Henry  .VHI. 
Receiver^,  General,  accounts  of  revennce  of 

the  estates  of  Charles  I.  anno  1943. 
Rentals  of  manors — Henry  VIII. 
Requests,  Court  of,  affidavits,  minntee,  tad 

interlocutory    orders,    books    of — diveif 

reigns. 
— ^  Bills,  answers,  depoeitioae,  &e. 

mixed  with  those  of  the  Couit  of  Wards 

— Eliz.  Jac.  I.  and  Car.  I.  and  of  variout 

reigns. 

Orders  and  Decrees— Hien.  VIL 


to  Charles  I. 
Richard  II.'s  Will. 


1^0.]     InvetUorif  cf  Recardi  m  the  ChapUr-houfe,  H^ettminster,         191 


Scoihuid,  UMtieswUh— I  Ric.l.totS  Elis. 

■  eoot«st  aiul  award  between  Druoe 

and  Baliol — Edw.  I. 

daim  of  £dward  I.  aa  tuperior 


Lord. 

Spain,  treaties  with — 8  Hen.  VII.  8  Jaq.  I. 
Stannariea,  vide  Mines. 
Star  Chaoiber,  bills,  aaewers,  and  depoai« 

tions — Henry  VII.  to  Car.  I. 
Statutes,  enrol  nients  of,  de  illis  qui  debent 

Dim'i  in  joratis  et  assisis,  8(e.  Winchester, 

Wales,  Gloticeeter»  Wesiniinter — the  9d 

£dw.  I. 

Act  of  Resanption — 98  Hen.  VI. 

Sopreniaey,  doenmeats  relative  (o^Henry 

Vill. 

Testa  de  Neirile,  tianscript  of,  for  seYcral 
counties — Edw.  I« 

Wnle^,  bag  of  mieoallaaca  lelatiag  to-« 

various  feigns. 

■        Statute  of— Edw.  I. 
Wardrobe,  accounU— Edw.  I.  to  Hen.  VIII. 

from  91  to  23  Heo.  VII.  and  1   to  12, 

Hen.  VIII. 

Wards  and  Liveries,  Conrt  of. 

Arreragia,  books  of — Elix.  to  Car.  I. 
BiRs,  answers,  and  depositions,  mixed 

with  those  of  the  Coort  of  Requests 

— -Tarioaa  reigns. 
Calendar  to   the  bills  and   answers— 

97  Hen.  VIIL  to  14  Car.  I. 
Evideoeea  of  Wards  estates — Hen.  VII. 

to  Car.  1. 
Books  of  orders  and  interlocutory  pro- 

oeediags — various  reigns. 
Decrees— 15  Elix.  91  Car.  I. 
Decrees    and    PatenU  —  1   Phil,   and 

Mary  to  17iac.  I. 
Dower,  parUculars  for — 9  Eliz.  9  Car.  I. 
Feodartes  accounts,  in  rolls  and  books 

—Hen.  Vin.  Jac.  I.  to  Ur.  I. 
Transcripts  and  books — Elix.  to  Car.  I. 

and  Tarious  feigns. 
Leases,  particolan  for— <8S  Elix.  to  91 

JacL 
Finns  for  leases     Elix. 
Calendar  of  leases—.^  Heo.  VIII.  to 

19  Car.  1. 
Entries  of  lease*-- 1  Hen.  VIII.  to  9 

Jac.  1. 
Liveries— 36  Hen.  Mil.  in  91  Car.  L 
Special  Liveries^!  to  34  Heo.  Mil. 
Fines  for  liveries -34  Hem  III.  to  4 

Edw.  VI. 
Particulan  for  Kveiies— 1  Hen.  VIII. 

to  5  Mary. 
Transcripts  of  indentures — Heo.  VIII. 

Edw.  VI.  lEIix.  l7Car.  I. 
Inquisitions  post  mortem  —  28  Heow 

111.  to  91  Car.  1. 
Transcripu  of  inquisitions  post  mor- 
tem—9  to  30  Hen.  VIII. 
Calendar  to  ioq.  pust  mor^m — 7  Elix. 

15  Car.  I. 

Gkmt.  Mag.  Felruary^  1630. 


Abstracts  of  inq.   post    mortem— 10 

Jac.  I.  to  1 5  Car.  L 
Marriajres  and  leases — 17  Jac.  I.  to  14 

Car.  L 
Fines  fur  marriages — 16  to  86  Elix. 
Rates,   books  of— 5  and  6  Ph.  and 

Mary,  to  9  Jac.  I. 
Receiver-(;eoerars  accounU   in  Rolls, 
&c.— Hen.  VIII.  to  Car.  I. 

—  in  volumes — 1  Edw.  VI.  to 

17  Car.  L 
Surveys— 5  Hen.  VIII.  to  18  Elix. 
Calendar  to  bargaius  and  surveys— 1 

Hen.  VIII.  to  EIIe. 
Views  of  acoouou— 1  Ph.  and  Mar. 

to  8  Car.  I. 
Wards  accounts — Hea«  VU. 
Sales  and   preferments  of  wards  •-«  k 

Hen.  VIII.  to  91  Car.  L 
Wards  Committees,  index  of— 81  Elix. 
to  8  Jaq.  I. 
Westminster,    account    of   building   York 

Place,  temp.  Hen.  MIX. 
Westminster  Abbey,  endowment  and  foun- 
dation of  Henry  VII.*s  Chapel. 
Wills,  of  Richard  II.  Henry  V.  MI.  and 

VHL 
Windsor  Castle,  expenses  of  rebuilding,  and 

repairs,  &c.— Edw.  IV.  to  Hen.  VIII. 
Wolsey,  Cardinal,  pensions  to,  correspond*- 
eooe  with,  accounts  of  hia  plate,  jewels, 
&c.  colleges  founded  by,  &c« — Hen.  VIII. 
Wood  Sales. 

York  Place,  Westminster,  accoonts  of  buUd*- 
ing— Henry  VIII. 

The  greater  part  of  these  documents 
are  staled  to  be  unindcxed,  and  many 
of  them  are  iu  a  confused  state,  and 
defective  ;  others  are  marked  as  uncer- 
tain whether  complete  or  not,  some 
as  partly  or  much  decayed,  and  not  a 
few  as  being  quite  perished. 


Life   and  Writiitos  of  Christo- 
PHiR  Marlows. 

(  Continued  from  p.  5.) 

I  COME  noMT  to  consider  the  charge 
of  blasphemy,  with  which  Mar* 
lowe's  optnious  nave  been  unceremo^ 
iiiously  sugmaiitcd.  So  often,  indeed, 
and  from  so  many  quarters,  has  the 
impuKiiion  been  repeated,  that  fe^ir 
seem  disposed  to  question  its  truth,  and 
the  title  of  Atheist  has  by  general  con- 
sent become  part  and  parcel  of  his 
character : 

"Shame  sits  and  grins  npoa  his  loathed 

grave. 
And  howling  fomits  up  in  filthy  guise, 
'1  he  blasting  story  of  his  infaniea." 

Rdurmfrom  PemasmM, 


1^ 


Life  and  H'ritings  0/  Christopher  Marlowe, 


[Febi 


This  tale,  however,  has  quite  as  un- 
stable a  foundation  as  many  others  that 
have  been  related  of  him,  though  his 
biographers,  kind  souls !  have  almost 
universally  ukeu  the  thing  for  granted, 
and  dismisse<l  poor  Christopher  to  per- 
dition, like  his  own  Faustus,  wiihout 
troubling  themselves  to  inquire  into 
the  justice  of  his  sentence.  Let  us 
see,  however,  with  whoiu  the  charge 
originated.  The  reader  has  already 
|>erused  the  substance  of  it,  in  the  ex- 
tract from  the  **  Golden  Grove"  of  W. 
Vaughan,  whose  puritanical  prejudices 
were  not  calculated  to  render  him  very 
nice  in  his  assertions  upon  any  subject 
connected  with  the  Drama,  since  he 
devotes  one  of  his  chapters  to  an  in- 
quiry *'  whether  Stage- playes  ought  to 
be  suflfred  in  a  wel-gouerned  common- 
wealth i"and  after  discussing  the  ques- 
tion with  all  the  amiable  temper  and 
impartiality  usually  displayed  by  such 
writers  upon  such  subjects,  he  arrives 
at  the  sage  conclusion,  that,  "  being 
fraught  altogether  with  scurrilities  and 
knavish  pastimes,  they  are  utterly  into- 
lerable.'* Vaughan,  however,  was  not 
the  first  relater  of  the  story;  neither 
was  Mercs  (•*  Wits'  Treasury),  as 
stated  by  the  editor  of  Marlowe,  182G ; 
both  of  them  having  borrowed  it  from 
a  quarto  work  called  *'The  Theatre  of 
God*8  Judgments,"  1597,  written  by 
that  savage  old  puritan  Thos.  Beard, 
who,  in  his  Sdd  chapter,  treating  *'of 
epicures  and  atheists,"  gives  the  fol- 
lowing more  circumstantial  detail  of 
Marlowe's  imputed  atheistical  opi- 
nions, with  a  description  of  his  death, 
which  is  so  outrageously  over- done, 
that  it  r.efutes  itself,  or,  if  true,  merely 
shows  that  he  died  delirious : 

'*  Nut  inferior  to  aoy  in  atheisme  and 
inipietie,  and  equall  to  all  in  maner  of  pu- 
n'uhment,  was  one  of  our  own  nation  called 
Marlin,*  by  profession  a  scholler,  brought 
vp  from  his  }outh  in  the  Vniversitie  of  Cam- 
bridge, but  hy  practise  a  play-maker  and  a 
poet  of  scurrilitie,  who,  by  giuing  too  large 
a  swinge  to  his  owne  wit*  and  suffering  his 
lust  to  haue  the  full  reines,  fell  (not  with- 
out just  desert)  to  that  outrage  and  extre- 
mitie,  that  he  denied  God  and  his  sonne 
Christ :  and  not  onely  in  word  blasphemed 
tlie  Trinitie,  but  also  (as  it  is  credibly  re- 
portrdj  wrote  bookes  against  it,  affirming 
our  Saviour  to  be  but  a  dcceiuer,  and  Moses 
to  be  but  a  coniurer  and  seducer  of  the  pec* 
pie,  and  the  Holy  Bible  to  be  but  vaine  and 
idle  stories,  and  all  religion  but  a  deuice  of 
policie.     Hut>  see  what  a  hooke  the  Lord 

*  In  the  margin  the  name  is  given  pro- 
perly, Marlou^e. 


K 


It  in  the  oosthrils  of  this  barking  dogge* 
t  so  fell  out,  that,  as  he  purposed  to  atab 
oue  whom  he  ought  a  grudge  unto,  with  his 
dagger,  the  other  partie  perceiuing,  so  auuidi 
ed  the  stroke,  that  withall  catching  hold  of 
his  wrest,  he  stabbed  his  owuo  dagger  into 
his  owne  head,  in  such  sort,  that  notwith- 
standing all  the  meanea  of  targerie  that 
could  be  wrought,  he  shortly  after  died 
thereof;  the  manner  of  hit  death  being  to 
terrible  (fir  he  even  cursed  and  lUuphemed 
to  his  last  gaspe,  and  together  with  his  tretUk 
an  oath  fUw  out  qf  his  mouthy  that  it  was 
not  onely  a  manifest  signe  of  God's  jud|g- 
nent,  but  also  an  horrible  and  ieanful  terr 
ror  to  all  that  beheld  him.  But  herein  dkl 
the  justice  of  God  most  notablv  appeare*  i« 
that  he  compelled  his  owoe  nana,  which 
had  written  those  blasphemiflt»  to  be  the  in- 
strument to  punish  him^  and  that  in  hii 
brain,  which  had  devised  the 


This  is  the  earliest  mentioD  of  Mar^r 
lowe  by  name  as  a  blasphemer;  but 
Mr.  Collier,  in  the  *'  Poetical  Deca* 
meron,"  has  given  an  extract  from  t 
volume  printed  in  15g4,  uoder  the  title 
of  "The  French  Academie/'  by  T.B. 
(doubtless  the  Thomas  Beard  jubt 
quoted),  in  which  he  11  evideollv  al- 
luded to,  though  covertly,  u  *'a  t>li8- 
phemous  hel-hound.**  An  edition  of 
this  book  of  an  earlier  date  (1589),  >> 
in  my  possession,  but  it  hat  not  the 
passage  in  question. 

Beard's  account,  as  I  before  re- 
marked, has  hitherto  pasied  nnqnct* 
tioned.  It  has  been  repeated  by  nu- 
merous writers,  as  derived  from  un- 
questionable authority ;  and  though  the 
exact  coincidence  of  their  stories,  and 
even  language,  which  shows  that -they 
all  resorted  to  the  same  doubtful  source 
of  intelligence,  ought  to  have  excited 
suspicion  and  inquiry,  the  warmest 
admirers  of  Marlowe's  genius  hare 
been  content  to  believe  that,  in  re- 
ligious matters,  he  was  a  sad  reprobate. 
Bishop  Tanner  styles  him  '*  a  norrible 
and  blasphemous  atheist;**  and  Ant. 
Wood,  who  had  little  affection  for  the 
race  of  |>oets,  has  given  universal  cur- 
rency to  the  relation,  by  contriving  to 
introduce  it  in  his  "  Athene/',  Art. 
•'  Thomas  Newton,'*  where  he  says, 
that  "  Marlowe  denied  God  and  his 
Son  Christ,  and  not  only  in  woni 
blasphemed  the  Trinity,  but  also,  at  ii 
was  credibly  reported,  wrote  divers* 
*  Discourses'  against  it,  affirming 
our  Saviour  to  be  a  deceiver  and  Moses 
to  be  a  conjuror,  and  all  religion  but  a 
device  of  policy.  But  see  tne  end  nf 
this  person,  wnich  was  noted  by  allp 

ESPECIALLY  THE  PRECISIANS." 


1830] 


Li/f  and  fVrUingi  of  Chriitopher  Marhwe, 


193 


I  hare  now  enumerated  all  the  an- 
thorities  from  which   an  estimate  of 
Marlowe's  moral  character  has  been 
formed  ;  and  it  must  be  admitted  that, 
so  far  as  bare  assertion  goes,  we  hare 
here  a  formidable   body  of  evidence 
against  this  Tom  Paine  of  the  sixteenth 
century  :  yet  who  was  crcr  before  con- 
demned upon  testimony  so  completely 
unsupported  by  pmof,  and  rendered  so 
questionable  by  the  reputation  of  the 
parties  tendering  it  ?    Every  one  knows 
that  the  Puritans    grossly  viliBed  all 
those  who  in  any  way  encourased  the 
Theatre ;  and  it  was  not  probable  that 
Marlowe,  who,  in  addition  to  being 
one  of  its  roost  acti%'e  and  successful 
supporters,  had  severely  ridiculed  iheir 
manners  and  attire,  would  escape  their 
malicious    aspersions.     Writers,   who 
numbered    among    the    deadly    sins 
health-drinking,  hair-curling,  dancing, 
church-music,  and,   above  all,    play- 
writing,  would  scarcely  fail  (like  many 
Puritans  of  our  own  day)  to  term  the 
premature  death  of  such  a  person  a 
special    manifestation    of  divine  ven- 
geance.    That    Marlowe's    life    was 
M>roewhat  dissolute,  cannot,  I  fear,  be 
doubted ;  and  the  language  employed 
by  Greene,  in  a  letter  hereafter  (quoted, 
even    warrants  a   belief   that,   in   his 
thoughtless    moments,  he    sometimes 
spoke   lightly   upon    religious   topics: 
but  as  fur  the  stories  of  his  dreadful 
and  unparalleled  blasphemies,  let  due 
allowance  be  made  lor  the  prejudices 
and  palpible  exaggerations  of  the  par- 
ties   from   whom   %ve    have    received 
them  ;  and  we  must  hesitate  ere  we 
assent  to  the  probability  of  their  truth. 
It  should,  moreover,  be  observed,  that 
not  oue  of  the  authors  who  accuse 
Marlowe  of  writing  asainst  religion, 
pretends  to  have  teen  his  book,  but, 
on  the  contrary,  all  give  the  story — 
"  as   it   is    reported."     Now,   had   so 
famous  a  personage  produced  any  thing 
of  the  kiiid,  is  it  not  very  improbable, 
aye,  impossible,  that  it  should  not  have 
oetn  known  even  to  his  contempora- 
ries, and   that  its  very  name  should 
have  perished?     Yet  who   ever  met 
with  the  slightest  trace  of  such  a  work, 
either  MS.  or  printed,  or  any  mention 
of  it,  save  in  the  fanatical  ravinus  of 
Beard,  and  the  compilations  of  those 
writers  who,  unable  or  unwilling  to 
investigate  the  truth  of  what  they  re« 
|»eated,  have  suffered  themselves  u>  be 
influenced  by  him ;  a  circuoMtance  of 
itself  almost  sufficient  to  prove  that  it 
iieter  existed.     No  one,  I  refjeat,  pre* 


lends  to  more  than  hearsay  authority 
upon  the  point ;  bnt  in  the  <*  Athens^ 
firiiannicas*'  of  Myles  Davis,  1716, 
p.  377,  there  is  a  cunous  though  some- 
what obscure  allusion  to  the  subject, 
which  should  not  be  suppressed.  The 
author,  after  remarking  that  there  aie 
now  circulated  ••  few  libels  of  Arian- 
izing  dogmaticks,**  adds,  "  neither  be 
there  any  memorials  autographal  of 
the  Arian  blasphemies  of  the  stage- 
poet,  Christopher  Marlowe,  now  ap- 
|)ea ring  since  I5g3*." 

1  have,  howe%'er,  a  theory  upon  this 
point,  to  which  I  would  not  be  thought 
to  attach  undue  importance,  but  which, 
if  allowed  10  possess  any  degree  of  pro- 
bability, may  perhaps  serve  to  set  the 
question  at  rest.     I  surmise,  that  the 
terrible  compositions  which   procured 
for  Marlowe  the  character  ot  a  blas- 
phenirr,  were  not  argumentative  trea- 
tises,  but   simply   plays   and    poems! 
Wood,    it   will   have    been  observed, 
says,  in  his  account  of  him,  that  he 
'*  wrote  divers  discourses  against  the 
Trinity.*'    Now  it  is  %ery  probable  that 
these,  afier  all,  were  nothing  more  than 
the  two  parts  of  •*  Tamburlaine  the 
Great,"  which  ihe  bookseller's  entry, 
in   the  Stationers'  Register,  I59O,  as 
well  as  the  title-pages  of  the  first  and 
second  editions,  style  ««  Tragicall  Dis- 
courses,'* and  which  abound  with  bom- 
bastic speeches,  bordering  upon  blas- 
phemy; insomuch  that  Greene,  in  his 
introcluction  10  "  Perimides  the  Black- 
smith," 1688,  upbraids  the  author  for 
••  darine  God  out  of  heaven  with  that 
atheist  Tamburlaine."     I  will  cite  but 
one  from  among  numerous  similar  pas- 
sages,  to   show  the  freedom  of  tone 
which  the  language  of  the  personages 
in  this  tragedy  occasionally  assumes  : 

"  Well,  soldiers,  Mahomet  remains  in  liell; 
He  cannot  hear  the  voice  of  Tamburlaine. 
Seek  nat  another  godhead  to  adore ; 
The  God  that  siu  in  heaven,— (/^<m^  God.'* 

Act  ii.  Sc.  5. 
So.  in  his  "Ovid," Lib.  iii.  Eleg.  3  i 

*'  God  Is  a  name,  no  sabstancei   fear'd  in 


vain; 


And  doth  tbe  world  in  fond  belief  detain. 
Or,  if  there  be  a  God,  he  loves  fine  wenches, 
And  all  things  ton  much  in  their  sole  power 
drenches.*' 


*  It  is  a  singular  coincidence  tlwt,  « 
century  after  (1690),  one  Marlowe  pub- 
lished «•  An  Eway  on  the  Trinity,"  the 
title  of  which  I  met  with  in  an  oM  bouk- 
seUer*s  catalogue,  but  have  never  been  abb 
to  procore  tbe  work  itsel/. 


W4 


Lif^  and  H^itingt  of  Christopher  Marloufe. 


[Feb. 


Af^ain,  Lib.  iii.  Eleg.  8 : 
*'  When  bad  fates  take  good   men,  I  aro 

forbod, 
By  sftcrot  thoughts,  to  tliink  there  is  a  God." 

Other  lines,  equally  objectionable, 
might  be  adduced,  but  these  will  suf- 
iice  to  illustrate  my  argument;  and  it 
is  needless  to  swell  this  article  %viih 
further  quotations  from  pieces  which 
now  may  readily  be  referred  to.  The 
bombast  of  the  nero  of  •*  Tamburlaine*' 
can  scarcely  fail  to  amuse*;  but  I  must 
confess,  that  expressions  occasionally 
occur  in  that  play,  which  might  rea- 
conably  give  offence  to  minds  far  less 
squeamishly  constituted  than  those  of 
Messrs.  Beard,  Vaughan,  and  the  rest. 
Is  it,  therefore,  by  any  means  improba- 
ble, that  it  was  this  laxity  of  lan<j(uage 
which  mainly  contributed  to  blacken 
Marlowe's  reputation ;  or  that  these 
**  Two  Tragicall  Discourses''  were 
transformed  by  puritanical  zeal  into 
set  discourses  against  religion  ? 

The  reader,  nevertheless,  will  judge 
for  himself  of  a  matter  upon  which 
perhaps,  at  this  remote  |)criod,  and 
with  the  paucity  of  materials  we  pos- 
sess for  forming  an  opinion,  it  is  im- 
possible to  arrive  at  any  ))Ositive  con- 
clusion. Let  me  not,  however,  be 
understood  to  assert  that  Marlowe  was 
wholly  free  from  that  dangerous  folly 
which  esteems  free-ihinkiiig  to  be  a 
mark  of  spirit,  and  which  frequently 
tempts  men,  for  the  sake  of  appearing 
witty,  to  handle  sacred  subjects  pro- 
fanely. Thus  far,  I  fear,  he  must  be 
coni>idered  guilty ;  but,  in  the  total 
absence  of  satisfactory  proof,  let  him 
not  be  branded  as  a  cold-blooded  sceptic 
—a  deliberate,  casuistical  blasphemer, 
who  not  only  entertained  atheistical 
opinions  himself,  but  aimed  at  shaking 
the  faith  of  others  by  disseminating 
them  in  his  works. 

Before  1  quit  the  examination  of 
this  point,  I  must  mention  that,  among 
the  papers  of  the  Lord  Keeper  Picker- 
ing, in  the  British  Museum,  there  is 
preserved  a  most  curious  manuscript 
relating  to  Marlowe's  imputed  blas- 
phemies, which,  with  those  who  are 
inclined  to  credit  the  tale,  **  may  help 
to  thicken  oihcr  proofs,  which  now 
demonstrate  thinly.'*  So  much  of  this 
remarkable  document  as  is  fit  to  be 
printed  1  shall  transcribe;  but  some  of 
the  passages  must  be  omitted,  for  rea- 
sons which  will  readily  be  imagined. 
They  who  are  desirous  to  peruse  the 
whole,  may  consult  that  somewhat 
rare  tract,  ifie  **  Observations  on  War- 


ton's  Hist.  English  Poetry,"  by  Riisoo, 
p.  40,  where  it  is  given  entire. 

'<  A  Note,  contayning  the  0|)iaioB  of  on* 

Christoplter     Marlje,    coneernyoge    hit 

Damoable  opinions,    and  Judgment  oC 

RelygioD,  and  Soome  of  Gud't  word*** 

*<  That  the  Indiana,  and  nuiDy  Auihon  of 

Antiquitei,  have  assuredly  wriuen  of  about 

16'  thowsand  yeeres  agone,  wher  Adam  b 

proued  to  have  leeved  w*^  in  6  thoiratn4 

yeers. 

**  He  affirmeth  that  Moytet  was  but  • 
Juggler,  and  that  one  Heriots  eon  doo  pKnv 
(hen  hee. 

<*  That  Mojses  made  the  Jewet  lo  trsTill 
fortie  jeers  in  the  wildemei,  (w^  lomy 
migh*  have  ben  don  in  Letse  then  one  yeer,) 
er  they  came  to  the  promised  Landoy  to  iht 
intente  that  those  wnoe  war  privei  to  noat 
of  his  subUleteis  might  perish,  and  ao  hi 
ever  lastinge  suPstieinn  renwyne  ia  the  halts 
of  the  people* 

«  That  the  firsie  btginnyn^a  of  IU%io» 
was  only  to  keep  men  ia  awe. 

*'  That  it  was  an  easye  matter  for  Mmea, 
beini^e  brought  vp  in  all  the  vta  m  the 
Egiptians,  to  abvse  the  Jeweaj  hmng  a  rvdf 

and  grosse  people. 

*  *  « 

«'  That  Chrut  was  the  Sonne  of  a  Car* 

penter;  and  that  yf  the  Jewcs»  among* 
whome  he  was  borne,  did  crvellye  hiss,  ihel 
best  knew  liim,  and  whence  he  eaase. 

*<  That  Christ  deserved  bettar  to  die  then 
Barabas ;  and  that  the  Jewes  mada  a  good 
choyce,  though  Barabas  were  belli  a  tSeifr 
and  a  inurtherer. 

«  That  yf  ther  be  any  God  or  good  Ro: 
ligton,  then  it  is  in  the  papista»  bcoana  dba 
service  of  god  is  Pfbrroeu  wt^  mora  ceremo- 
oyes,  as  eIevac*on  of  the  masses  Organs, 
singinge  men,  shaven  crownes;  ftc.  That  ail 
protestants  are  hypocritall  asses. 

**  That  yf  he  wer  put  to  writs  n  new  re- 
ligion, he  wolde  vndertake  both  a  more  es» 
cellcnt  and  more  admirable  method;  and 
that  all  the  new  testament  b  filthely  written. 
4"  «  « 

«  That  all  thei  that  love  not  tohneoo  wd 
boyea,  ar  fiioles. 

**  Tliat  all  the  Apposteb  war  Bshomsn 
and  base  fellawes,  neither  of  wict  nor  wordi, 
Tliat  Pawie  imly  had  witt.  That  he  was  a 
timerous  fellow,  in  biddinge  men  to  be  snb- 
iect  to  magistrates,  against  his  consetenet* 

**  That  he  had  as  good  right  to  cojnOy  at 
the  Queen  of  Encland ;  and  that  be  wsi 
acquainted  w*^  one  Poole,  a  prisoner  In  Nev^ 
gate,  whoe  hath  great  skill  In  mixtore  of 
metuls ;  and,  havinge  learned  sooM  thing! 


*  Tliis  title  is  partly  crossed  ottt»  and  the 
following  substituted : 

*'  A  Note,  deliu*ed  on  whitson  eve  hsl» 
of  the  most  horreble  blasphemes  iHaied'bf 
X'pofer  Marly,  who  w»u«  i^j  dayea  after  OMO 
to  a  sodeu  and  fearfull  end  of  hb  lifi.*'  •  r 


I«i30.] 


Life  ajfd  f^rtltn^  of  Chrulophtt  Marlowe. 


195 


uf  bim,  he  ment,  Uiroagb  bclpof  a  cvooyn^ 
tumpe-roaker,  to  coyoe  frencb  cfownM>  pit- 
toletu.  and  Eogluhe  Sbillingt. 

»*  Tbat  yf  CbrUt  bad  instituted  tbe  Sacra- 
roeou  »**•  more  ceremonjall  reverence,  it 
wold  bave  lien  bad  in  more  admlrac'on ;  tbat 
it  wolde  bate  ben  mucb  betur,  being  admi- 
nistered in  a  Tobacco-pype. 

"  Tbat  one  Riebard  Cbolraelei  hatb  coo- 
fe»»ed  tbat  be  waa  p*««»»ded  by  Marloe't 
reaaon,  to  liecome  an  atbeiste*. 

"  ThM  tbingt,  w«*»  many  other,  iball,  by 
good  and  honett  men,  be  proved  to  be  his 
opioiona  and  co'okoo  spcecbe  (  and  that  this 
Marloe  coiuetbi  p'swadetb  men  to  Atbe- 
isme,  willinge  them  not  to  be  afirayed  of  bug- 
beares  and  liobeoblins ;  and  vtterly  scomynge 
both  God  and  bis  ministers,  as  I,  Richard 
Bame  will  justify,  both  by  roy  otbe  and  tbe 
testimony  of  many  honest  men ;  and,  almost 
all  men  ^  irhome  ho  had  convened  any 
tyme,  will  testefy  tbe  same.  And,  as  i 
tbinke,  all  men  in  chr'isttantci  ought  to  en- 
devor  tbat  the  mouth  of  so  dangerous  a 
member  may  be  stopped. 

<*  He  sayeth,  moreou%  that  he  hath 
coated  a  number  of  contrarieties  out  of  the 
scriptures,  m^  be  hath  geeven  to  some 
);reat  men,  wboe  in  convenient  tyme  shal 
be  named ;  when  tbeis  things  shal  be  called 
in  question,  the  witnesses  shall  be  P*duce<l. 

"  Rycharo  Bami." 

Who  or  what  this  Richard  Bame 
was,  ii  is  now  useless  to  inquire ;  hot, 
according  to  the  Editor  of  Marlowe's 
works  (1826),  the  Stationers*  Hegisler, 
u.  3l6,  shows  that  he  was  hanged  at 
Tyburn  on  the  6ih  Dec.  1394.  He 
was  apparently  some  pitiful  culprit, 
who  strove  to  avert  punishment  from 
hini&eif  by  becoming  the  accuser  of 
others ;  or  some  cantins,  malignant 
scoundrel,  whose  enmity  Marlowe  had 
provoked,  and  who  aimed  at  wreaking 
nis  revenge  upon  him  by  that  common 
resource  of  weak  minds,  the  blackening 
his  adversary's  character,  craftily  com- 
bining a  charge  of  political  delinquency 
with  one  of  moral  turpitude.  The 
stroke  of  fate,  however,  interposed  be- 
tween his  vengeance  and  his  victim, 
and  Marlowe  |)erislied  by  a  less  linger- 
ing doom  than  was  intended  for  him 
by  this  sanctified  slanderer. 

ilavins  now  expressed  my  opinion 
ureily  fully  upon  the  question  ol  Mar- 
lowe's imputed  blasphemies,  I  hare 
litile  more  to  offer  upon  this  point, 
except  to  entreat  that  the  reader,  what- 

*  Opposite  to  this  paragraph  there  is 
written  in  tbe  mtrgin,  m  a  different  band, 
'*  he  ii  utydfatr;**  which  Ritson  supposes  to 
mean,  tbatCholaelie  hmd  been  sent  after  to 
f(tv«  ioftirmaskm  opoo  the  sobfect. 


ever  he  may  think  of  my  hnmble  at- 
tempt  to  vindicate  the  poet's  fame,  will 
not  form  his  conclusions  without  de- 
liberately reperusing    and    com|)aring 
the  evidences  upon  which  the  charge 
has    been    grounded ;    dispassionately 
weighing  the  probability  of  the  several 
narratives  ;  and,  abore  all,  taking  into 
full  consideration  the  circumstance  that 
he  who  first  broached  the  tale  which 
others  have  heedlesslv  adopted,  was  a 
fierce  and  viodicti%'e  Puritan.   Let  him 
call  to  mind  the  rancorous  malignity 
displayed  by  the  members  of  that  io* 
tolerant  sect  towards  those  who  distin- 
guished themselves  by  encouraging  the 
arts  which  impart  grace  and  elegance 
to   society;   and,   above  all,    towards 
those  who  upheld   the  enormities  of 
the  Drama.    Let  him  recollect  of  what 
extravagancies  this  same  spirit,  tooie* 
limes  dormant,  but  never  extinct,  has 
im|)elled   man  to  the  commission   in 
our  times,  when  the  conflagration  of 
one  theatre  has  been  styled  from  the 
pulpit  a  national  blessing,  and  the  sud* 
den  downfall  of  another  described  (in 
a  strain  of  impious  buflbonery)  as  the 
triumphant  issue  of  a  contest  between 
the  Deity  and  the  Evil  Principle  for 
the  possession  of  its  site*;   when  a 
writer,  who   probably  would  feel  of- 
fended at  being  termed  a  fanatical  fool, 
has  ventured  to  assert,  in  print,  that 
"  thousands  of  unhappy  spirits,  and 
tlK>usands  vet  lo  increase  the  number, 
will  look  back  with   unutterable  an- 
guish on  the  nights  and  days  in  which 
the  plays  of  Shakspeare  ministered  to 
their  guilty  delishisfr'    Let  him  ask 
himself  whethc(  a  writer  capable  of 
seriously,  and  perha|)s  conscientiously, 
promulgating  such  a  sentiment  as  this, 
would  hesitate  to  go  a  step  further,  and 
blacken  by  any  means  in   his  power 
the  moral  character  of  the  author  whose 
writings  he  so  earnestly  decries?    Or 
whether   he  would  not  deem  the  in« 
vention  of  any  libel,  having  a  tendency 
to  deter  men  from  the  perusal  of  them', 
a  mere  pious  fraud — a  piece  of  com- 
mendable duplicity?  That  Beard,  with 
whom  originated  the  charges  against 
Marlowe,   reasoned   and   acted   some^ 
what  after  this  fashion,  is   mv   firm 
conviction ;   hut  the  reader,  wno  has 
now  before  him  all  the  accessible  ma- 
terials wheieoQ  to  form  an  opinion, 
will  dispassionately  weigh  the  probabi- 

*  See  «  Tbe  Ground  of  tbe  Theatre,"  by 
the  Rev,  G.  Smith.     1 898. 

t  "  Eclectic  Review,'*  Vol.  ui.  Pt  i. 
p.  7«. 


]<26 


PValk  through  the  Highlands. 


[Feb. 


lilies,  pro  and  con,  and  assent  or  demur 
to  the  correctness  of  my  conclusion^  as 
his  judgment  may  determine. 

Jambs  Brouohtoit. 
(To  be  continued.) 

Walk  throi^gh  the  Highlands. 

(Continued  from  FbL  xcix.  ii./>.487.) 

THE  following  morning  something 
of  our  listlessness  remained  ;  but, 
after  breakfast,  thanks  to  the  town- 
crier,  with  his  red  coat  and  his  drum, 
things  seemed  to  brighten  upon  us. 

Through  the  kindness  of  my  friend 
.,,,,  1  had  received  letters  of  intro- 
duction to  Mr.  Owen,  one  of  the  pro- 
C'etors  of  the  Cotton  Mills  at  New 
nark,  objects  well  worthy  of  atten- 
tion, and  which  cannot  be  inspected 
unless  by  persons  made  known  in  this 
way  to  one  of  the  managers.  We 
found  Mr.  Owen  at  the  mills,  and  re- 
ceived from  him  every  civility.  He 
informed  us  that,  at  the  present  time, 
between  two  and  three  thousand  people 
were  employed  at  the  manufactory. 
But  a  very  considerable  share  of  his 
attention  seemed  to  be  directed  to  the 
Schools,  forming  part  of  the  establish- 
ment, one  consisting  of  three  hundred 
boys,  the  other  of  the  same  number  of 
girls.  He  did  not  appear  to  follow  ex- 
actly the  system  ot  Lancaster  or  Dr. 
Hell,  but  rather  united  the  two,  in 
expectation,  I  suppose,  of  improving 
upon  both.  The  Lancasterian  system, 
however,  appeared  to  me  to  be  the 
basis ;  and  we  saw  the  boys  go  through 
their  manceuvres,  by  the  sound  of  the 
nioniior*s  whistle,  with  much  precision. 
Mr.  Owfn  seemed  altogether  to  disa|>- 
prove  of  the  system  of  punishment  or 
reward.  Not  so  the  master;  for,  in 
the  corner,  we  obsen'ed  a  delinquent 
with  some  ticket  of  disapprobation 
pinned  to  his  sleeve,  at  which  our 
conductor  appeared   considerably  an- 

The  establishment  is  of  thirty  years* 
standing.  Formerly,  the  people  em- 
ployed were  notorious  for  their  extreme 
dissoluteness  of  manners  and  immo- 
rality; now,  according  to  our  in- 
formant, they  are  as  remarkable  for  the 
opposite  qualities.  Many  new  regu- 
lations have  been  lately  introduced. 
Amongst  others,  they  have  a  public 
table,  and  a  shop  within  the  premises 
for  the  sale  of  all  necessary  articles  of 
food  and  clothing.  These  innovations 
were  at  first  very  obnoxious,  and  ac- 
cofdingly  resisted ;  but  tlic  people  arc 


at  length  not  only  reconciled  to  them, 
but  fully  aware  of  their  advantages. 

1  was  given  to  understand  that  the 
employment  amongst  the  cotton  was 
not  so  unhealthy  as  generally  supposed  ; 
and  we  saw  a  machine,  lately  invented, 
for  removing  the  most  injurious  part  of 
the  process.  The  women  and  girls 
employed,  with  few  exceptions,  looked 
healthy  and  smart. 

The  machinery  was  of  fir,  a  good 
deal  of  it  foreign,  and  appeared  in  ex- 
cellent order.  In  ihe  lower  stories  are 
for^  for  iron  and  brass-work,  some  of 
which  had  an  excellent  polish,  and 
was  well  worked.  Indeed  evety  thing 
appeared  well  rfguluied  and  most  com- 
plete. 

The  noise  of  the  machinery  is  dis- 
tressingly loud,  and,  on  the  ouuide  of 
the  mills,  resembles  that  of  the  Falls« 
for  which  it  might  easily  be  mistaken* 
Close  to  the  mills  a  minor  fall  presents 
itself,  which,  in  England,  would  lie 
deemed  very  pretty,  perhaps  maffnifi- 
cent,  and  ornamented  most  carefnlly< 
Sometimes,  however,  there  is  a  de- 
ficiency of  water. 

Mr.  Owen  has  an  excellent  hoose 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  mills,  in 
a  beautiful  situation,  surroaoded  by 
somewhat  lofty  hills,  and  which  are 
planted  in  very  good  taste. 

We  started  (walking)  frooi  onr  inn 
at  Lanark  at  half-past  two,  taking  ihs 
road  to  Hamilton.  This  was  our  6rsl 
day  of  walking,  and  I  still  did  not 
quite  like  the  idea  of  the  knapsack  at 
my  back ;  I  therefore  carried  my  tJi- 
dependent  in  my  hand  to  the  end  of 
the  town.  I  think  my  companion  bad 
the  ma<^naniinity  to  pat  his  in  the 
proper  place  at  starting.  We  had  not 
proceeded  far  before  we  came  within 
sound  of  the  Fall  of  Stony  Byers,  oo 
our  right,  a  steep  p.ith  leading  down  to 
it  from  the  road.  This  fall  is  said  to 
be  only  fifty-eight  feet:  yet  it  struck 
me  as  being  superior  in  grandeur  to 
any  I  had  yet  seen.  Hitherto  art  had 
united  with  nature,  and  we  had  walk- 
ed to  Corra  Lynn  and  Boniton  through 
shady  avenuef,  and  on  gravel  walks, 
without  a  weed.  Wetft  Nature  reigned 
supreme,  and  certainly  appeared  to 
greater  advantage  when  unassisted  and 
alone. 

The  afternoon  was  delightfully  plea- 
sant, and  we  lingered  some  time  under 
the  shade  of  beech  and  alder,  while 
my  coinpaiiion  sketched  the  Fall.  We 
rc-asi:ended  by  the  sleep  path  lo  the 
road,  which  still  coutinuod  very  pic* 


1630.] 


Walk  through  thi  Uighlandt. 


I«7 


turetqiif,  winUing  by  ilie  banks  of  the 
Clyde,  aad  afibrding  a  most  dclighiful 
view  of  ihe  hanging  woods  and  river. 
About  four  miles  on  ihe  right,  we 
tame  to  a  neat  house,  belonging  to 
Coionel  Gordon ;  and,  about  the  same 
distance  onwar<ls,  to  a  castle  of  Lord 
Steiofofft's,  the  latter  most  pleasantly 
situated. 

We  arrived  at  Hamilton  at  half-past 
seven,  thirsty,  and  somewhat  fatigued ; 
and  on  the  following  morning  ^Sunday) 
proceeded  through  rain  to  the  Palace,  a 
venerable  pile  of  building,  in  some 
degree  resembliug  Holy roo<l- house. — 
The  pictures  are  really  superb*  und  it 
is  decidedly  the  hrsi  mlkctiun  in  Scot- 
land. We  were  urinciually  struck  with 
a  paintins  of  Dan  id  in  the  Lion's 
Den,  by  Rubens ;  by  some  inimitable 
Dutch  |)aintinff«,  and  by  some  fine 
specimens  of  balvaior  Rosa.  There 
are  also  many  excellent  poriraits,  par- 
ticularly one  of  the  Earl  of  Denbigh. 

The  drawing-room,  in  which  the 
chief  pictures  are  disposed,  is  extremely 
magniBcent,  and  a  hundred  and  twrntj 
feet  in  lensth.  At  the  further  end  is 
a  throne  ofcrimson  and  gold,  with  the 
royal  arms,  which  had  accompanied 
the  Duke  of  Hamilton  when  ambassa- 
dor to  Russia.  This  superb  throne 
adds  much  to  the  magnificence  of  the 
room,  which,  notwithstanding  its  size, 
is,  even  in  winter,  very  wurm.  I'he 
furniiure  throughout  the  Palace  is  ex- 
tremely handsome,  and  it  contains 
some  of  the  most  elegant  cabinets  I 
ever  saw.  From  the  windows  we  had 
a  view  of  Chatetherault,  at  thedisunce 
of  about  two  miles,  built  for  a  hunting 
seat,  which  ap|)eared  to  be  very  plea- 
santly si  tuate<l,  and  commanded,  as  we 
were  informed,  a  most  enchanting 
prospect.  The  ground  and  premises 
immediately  adjoining  the  Palace  did 
not  appear  in  the  best  order,  but  the 
park  is  very  fine,  and  contains  many 
jioble  trees. 

We  had  walked  about  three  miles 
on  our  way  from  Hamilton,  and  it  was 
again  raining,  when  we  were  fortu- 
nately overtaken  by  a  carriage,  and 
arranged  with  tlie  driver  to  convey  us 
to  Glasgow. 

We  soon  crossed  a  bridge  over  the 
Clyde,  where  one  unaccustomeil  to 
Scottish  manners  would  have  been 
surprised  at  the  sight  of  two  smart 
lassies,  on  their  way  to  Kirk,  in  verv 
handsome  white  gowns  and  yellow  silk 
spencers,  but  without  shoes  or  stock* 
ings— at  least  on  ihdr  feet!  Probably 
they  had  them  in  their  pockets,  ready 


to  put  on  clean  in  the  Kirk-porch* 
We  had  heavy  showers  the  whole  of 
the  way,  and  arrived  at  Glasgow  aboot 
four.  Both  chaises  and  horses,  on  thb 
road,  appeared  to  be  occuliarly  good. 

The  Cathedral  of  Glasgow  has  a  fine 
and  very  venerable  appearance,  parti- 
cularly striking  in  Scotland,  where  so 
few  of  these  edifices  remain ;  but,  on 
entering  iu  doors,  our  veneration  was 
by  no  means  increased.  The  Church 
is  ru>w  divided  into  two  places  of  wor- 
ship by  the  Presbytery,  one  of  them 
lately  fitted  up  with  new  deal  pewt 
and  wainscoting,  ill  according  witli 
the  other  parts  of  the  building.  The 
smell  from  the  new  wood  was  vtiy 
unepitcopaip  and  rather  served  to  re* 
iniod  one  of 

**  Tha  nasal  twang 
Hvard  at  conventicle,  where  worthy  nen, 
Miskd  by  euttom,  smin  celestial  themes 
Through  the  iMren'd  ooauil,  spectacle  bt- 
strid." 

The  principal  window  is  ornamented 
by  some  modern  painted  glass,  sent 
from  London  about  two  years  since. 

Under  the  guidance  of  a  friendly 
bibliopole  we  visited  the  Canal,  iu 
which  were  several  large  vessels;  the 
Lunatic  Asylum,  a  baiulsome  and 
commodious  building ;  and  the  Ob- 
servatory, which  is  furnished  with  ex- 
cellent instruments.  We  also  explored 
the  Infirmary,  of  three  hundred  beds. 

The  College  has  a  very  venerable 
and  really  collegiate  appearance,  in  this 
respect  differing  altogether  from  that 
at  Edinbtir^h.  In  the  Courts  at  Glas- 
gow we  might  fancy  ourselves  at  Ox- 
lord  or  Cambridge.  The  building  con- 
sisis  of  two  quMrangles.  At  the  end 
of  the  second  is  the  edifice  built  for 
Dr.  Hunter's  Museum,  litis  Court  is 
open  on  one  side  to  grounds,  which  are 
neat,  and  ornamented  by  several  hand- 
some trees.  The  class-rooms  for  the 
students  in  humanity  are  spacious,  and 
apppeared  newly  fitted  up.  Particular 
benches  are  ticketed  with  the  name  of 
the  class  which  occupies  them.  The 
academical  dress  consists  of  a  red  gown. 
The  Professor's  reading-room  it  a  good- 
sited,  handsome,  and  very  comfortable 
apartment,  adorned  by  some  good  por- 
traits—one of  their  areat  Mnefactor 
Dr.  Hunter.  The  Librarv  is  a  light 
and  elegant  building ;  and,  altogether, 
we  were  much  gratified  by  our  in- 
spcctioo. 

In  the  Museum,  the  anatomical  pre- 
parations are  invaluable ;  the  mincimit 
Deauiifnl,  and  in  excellent  order.  Iu 
this  room  may  be  teen  two  autograph 


199         VisU  to  the  HighUmdt.-^Aunder  of  th§  Theatrical  Fund.  -,  [Mi 


lecterty  one  from  Dr.  Franklin,  the 
other  from  General  Washington.  The 
far-famed  Medals  can  only  be  teen  in 
the  presence  of  three  Professors ;  and 
here  my  letters  of  inlroduciioo  were 
very  serviceable. 

After  bidding  adieu  to  these  gentle- 
men, we  put  ourselves  under  the  di- 
rection of  Cameron,  the  janitor,  and 
inspected  f  the  process  for  singeing 
moslin.  The  muslin  is  made  to  pass 
quickly  over  a  red-hot  iron  cylinder, 
also  in  motion,  and  thus  its  superflui- 
ties and  asperities  are  removed.  It 
comes  away  discoloured,  but  is  after- 
wards taken  to  the  bleach- field,  and 
(here  obtains  its  snowy  whiteness. 

It  was  now  too  late  to  think  of 
walking  to  Dumbarton,  yet  we  foond 
it  very  disagreeable  to  spend  another 
night  in  Glasgow.  After  a  hastv  re- 
past, therefore,  we  made  with  all  haste 
for  the  steam-boat,  which  was  to  sail 
for  Greenock  between  five  and  six. 
We  embarked  on  board  the  Princess 
Charlotte,  and  were  speedily  at  Dun- 
glass. 

Dutiglass  is  about  three  miles  from 
Dumbarton,  and  from  hence  we  had  a 
rery  pleasant  walk,  as  the  evening  was 
uncommonly  fine,  though  very  cool. 
The  rocks  to  the  right  of  the  road  are 
extremely  fine,  and  the  first  appearance 
of  the  Castle  very  sinking. 

On  the  morning  of  Wednesday,  the 
10th,  some  slight  showers  did  not  pre- 
vent us- from  visiting  the  Castle.  From 
the  Church-yard  the  Rock  has  a  noble 
appearance,  but  the  buildings  on  it  are 
but  insignificant.  They  are  by  no 
means  imnobing  except  from  their  si- 
tuation, wnich  is  altogether  very  grand, 
the  hill,  disjoined  from  all  others,  rising 
from  an   immense  plain.    Under  the 

fruidance  of  a  soldier,  we  ascended  a 
ong  and  laborious  flight  of  steps  to  the 
batteries,  where  the  first  wonder  was  a 
miserable  iroUt  in  a  well.  This  fish 
was  nearly  new  to  its  prison-house. 
Its  pncdecessor  had  lived  in  it  for  thirty 
years.  We  ascended  still  further,  to  the 
summit  of  the  lower  division.  From 
this  point  there  is  a  most  extensive 
and  varied  view  of  the  Clyde  and  the 
adjoining  country.  In  a  clear  day 
it  is  possible  to  see  Glas^w.  When 
we  visited  Dumbarton  it  was  hazy, 
and  the  view  rendered  much  leas  mag- 
nificent from  the  absence  of  the  tide ; 
yet  we  thought  we  discovered  Ben 
'Lomond.  Near  to  this  spot  is  a  small 
building,  in  which  General  St.  Simon 
was  some  time  confined. 


We  descended  a  little,  in  order  lo 
come  at  the  steps  leading  to  the  higher 
pinnacle,  where  a  small  party  of  the 
71st  were  on  |>arade. 

Our  last  sight  was  the  celebrated 
sword  of  Sir  William  Wallace,  kept  in 
the  Guard- Room,  and  which,  like  the 
dirk  of  Hudibras,  might  be  used  either 
for  civil  or  warlike  purposes.  We  here 
left  our  friend  the  soldier,  and  were 
down  in  the  plain  in  a  few  seconds. 

A«  Old  Subsgribbk. 
fTo  be  continued.) 

Mr.URHAW.      Norlon-Mlrtei.  Port. 
'  land-place. 

THE  high  and  merited  reputation 
which  your  excellent  Magazine 
has  maintained  from  its  origin^  renders 
it  a  duty  in  your  readers  iq  correct  any 
mistake  of  which  it  may  have  been  the 
medium.  Your  correspondent  W.  PI 
(in  your  January  Number)  has  no  doubt 
stated  exactly  what  Garrick  said  at 
Hampton ;  but  the  word  ''  establish- 
ment '  admits  of  a  doubtful  meaning; 
and  it  might  be  inferred  that  Garrick 
was  the  original  founder  of  the  Thea- 
trical Fund.  Now,  Sir,  the  real  founder 
of  the  Theatrical  Fund  was  Mr.  Thomas 
Hull,  a  learned  man  and  a  respectable 
actor.  The  Theatrical  Fund  originated 
at  Coveni  Garden  Theatre,  and  a  year 
or  two  afterwards  was  adopted  at  Drury- 
lane  Theatre,  and  Mr.  Garrick  wrote 
and  sooke  an  Address  in  support  of  it, 
which  I  had  the  pleasure  of  hearing^  in 
h is  la tter  days.  By  de^ re  of  M  r.  Richh 
ards,  formerly  scene-painter  at  Covent 
Garden  Theatre,  on  the  death  of  Mi;. 
Hull,  I  wrote  the  following  Epitaph, 
which  is  placed  on  his  tombstone  it^ 
the  Church-yard  .of  St.  Margaret x, 
Westminster : 

EPITAPH. 

"  On  the  Ute  Thomas  Hull,  Etq.Founfe 

of  The  Tlieatrical  Fiind. 
"  Hall,  long  respected  in  hit  Scenic  Art, 
On  life'i  great  itage  snstain'd  a  virtuous  parti 
And,  some  memorial  of  hn  zeal  to  ihoir 
For  his  lov'd  art,  and  shelter  age  from  woa^ 
He  fSorm'd  that  noble  ruNO  whioh  guaids  his 


£mbalm'd  by  Gratitude,  enshrin'd  by  Fi 

Mr.  Garrick  might  reasonably 
joice  that  he  adopted,  and  by  hit  great 
talents  supported,  so  benevolent  oft 
Institution. 

I  am,  Mr.  Urban,  your  frienil  and 
admirer,  Johh  Tat2.or. 

P.  S.  It  is  somewhat  hurprisiiig  ihat» 
at  the  anniversiiry  celc  brat  inns,  the 
name  of  Mr.  Hull  is  never  uientionccl 


isao.] 


[   w  ] 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


Rteordt  ^  CapL  Cktpperkm*t  last  Expedi- 
tim  to  Afiiea,  By  Riehtrd  LMi<i«r,  his 
faU^ful  AtUmUnif  and  ike  omly  suroifring 
Member  ^  the  Bxpediium.  mtkihetub' 
Mfquent  Adventures  tiflke  Author.  S  voU. 
poti  %vo,    Colbara. 

WHEN  we  reflect  on  the  many 
gallant  ioolt,  stimulated  by  the 
daring  spirit  of  adventure,  who  have 
perished  in  this  inhospitable  and  mor- 
tiferoos  portion  of  the  globe ; — when 
we  recall  to  mind  the  ill-fated  des- 
tinies of  Park,  Belzoni,  Denham^ 
Laing*  and  innumerable  others,  whose 
names  will  be  embalmed  in  the  recol- 
lections of  an  admirins  posterity;— 
and,  finalU,  when  the  dauntless  Clap- 
pertOD  and  all  his  enterprising  compa* 
nions,  save  the  author  of  these  volnmes, 
have  shared  the  fate  of  their  prede- 
cessors in  the  same  perilous  career,— 
wt  cannot  but  feel  a  deep  though  me- 
lancholy interest  in  the  deui Is  con- 
nected with  the  above  expedition. 
They  are  written  in  the  most  unassum- 
ing manner,  and  bear  in  every  line  the 
very  impress  of  truth.  Considering 
the  subordinate  capacit]^  in  which  the 
writer  was  engaged,  it  is  really  a  mat- 
ter of  surprise  that  he  should  have  exe- 
cuted the  task  of  producing  these  vo- 
lumes with  so  much  fc^aphic  ability ; 
but  it  is  evident  that  his  talents  were 
far  beyond  the  capacity  of  a  menial, 
though  his  enterpnsing  spirit  induced 
him  to  accept  anv  situation,  however 
humble,  that  mignt  gratify  his  ardent 
thirst  for  foreign  adventure  and  useful 
discovery.  In  confirmation  of  this  we 
have  only  to  advert  to  his  late  appoint- 
OMOt  by  Government  to  explore  the 
Niger,  accompanied  by  his  brother,  as 
stated  in  p.  64  of  our  last  Magazine. 

In  a  neat  "  Sketch  of  the  Author's 
Life,"  prefixed  to  these  "  Records," 
bis  6rst  introduction  to  and  engage- 
ment  with  Capt.  Clapperton,  are  thus 
briefly  suted.  It  shows  the  zeal  and 
dauntless  ardour  with  which  Mr. 
Lander  entered  upon  so  perilous  an 
expedition,  though  in  direct  opposi- 
tion to  the  wishes  of  his  friends  aiu) 
relatives. 

«  Havieg  beMd  that  it  was  the  ioteatioB 
of  the  Britbh  GovcruneM  to  send  oat  ano- 
OiiiT.  Mao.  Fdfmarjf^  IMO. 


ther  expedition  for  the  purpose  of  esploriog 
the  yet  uoditcovtred  parts  of  oentril  AfHee, 
and  of  •odcavooring  to  aseerUun  the  tooiee» 
OTugress,  and  tenniiMtion,  of  the  nijrsterioes 
Niiper ;  and  the  attempt  eoiocidti^;  esaetly 
with  my  loog-cberished  wishes,  I  instantly 
waited  upon  the  lau  Captain  Clapperton, 
who  I  was  told  was  lo  be  placed  at  iu  head, 
and  expressed  to  (hat  brave  and  spirited  offi- 
cer the  great  eagerness  I  felt  to  become  a 
party,  however  bumble,  to  the  novel  and 
hazardous  undertaking  into  which  he  was 
aboot  to  enter.  The  Captain  litteoed  to 
me  with  attention,  and  after  1  had  answered 
a  few  intefrosfationt,  willingly  eneaged  me 
to  be  hit  eoufidential  servant.  In  tnii  inter- 
view the  keen,  penetrating  eye  of  the  Afri- 
can traveller  did  not  escape  my  ohservatioa  t 
and  by  iu  fire,  enerey,  and  quickness,  de- 
noted, in  my  own  opinion  at  least,  the  very 
soul  of  enterprise  and  adventure." 

In  pursuance  of  his  engagement, 
Mr.  Lander  shortly  after  left  the  Me- 
tropolis with  Capt.  Clapperton  for 
Portimooth,  being  then  in  the  twenty^ 
first  year  of  his  age.  On  the  27th  of 
August,  1825,  they  embarked  in  the 
Brazen  sloop  of  war,  along  with  the 
other  associates  of  the  mission,  con- 
sisting of  Capt.  Pearce,  R.N. ;  Dr. 
Morrison,  a  Na«y  surgeon ;  Dr.  Dick- 
son, a  Scotch  surgeon ;  Columbus,  a 
West  Indian  mulatto,  who  had  accom- 
|)anied  Major  Deo  ham  in  the  previoua 
journey ;  and  Pksko,  a  black  native  of 
Housaa,  who  was  to  act  as  interpreter. 
The  expedition  arrived  at  Cape  Coast 
on  the  14th  of  November,  and  tailed 
for  Cape  Castle  on  the  17th.  After 
touching  at  Whydah,  they  came  to  ao 
anchor  in  Badagry  Roads  on  the  28th. 

<<  The  day  after  the  arrival  of  the  Brasea 
at  Badagry  (tays  Mr.  Lander),  the  gentle- 
men of  the  mission  and  the  officers  of  the 
ship  assembled  on  the  quarter-deck  to  take 
a  nnal  farewell  of  each  other  t  and  some  of 
the  IstUr  were  deeply  affwted,  as  with  a 
faltering  voice  and  agitated  manner  they 
breathed  their  hopes  that  sooeess  might  at- 
tend the  perilous  undertaking  to  which  th^ 
enurprising  friends  liad  so  willingly  devoted 
themselves.  There  was  something  so  mov- 
ing in  the  pathetie  spectacle  of  Eoglishflsea 
parting  under  a  strong  persuasion,  almnet 
amoontiae  to  a  eoovictioo,  of  meeting  uo 
more  in  this  world,— to  see  the  meoHr  rseo- 
latkm  and  stubborn  indiflereace  of  Britasb 


130         Review. — Laadefs  Records  of  Clapperton'i  Expedition ,      [Feb. 


officen'  combating  with  the  tenderer  and 
more  amiable  feeliogs  of  human  nature, 
that  I  myself  could  with  difficulty  atifle  ay 
emotion;  and  to  dispel  the  gloom  which 
hung  upon  my  mind,  I  bade  the  officers  a 
hasty  and  respectful  adieui  and  shaking 
hands  with  many  of  the  honest  seamen  on 
deck,  I  sprang  into  a  canoe  that  lay  along- 
side the  firazeU)  and  as  two  of  the  natives 
were  rowing  it  towards  the  shore,  I  took 
the  opportunity  of  playing  <  Over  the  hills 
and  far  atvay,*  on  a  small  bugle  horn  which 
I  had  brought  with  me.  This  elicited  the 
admiration  of  the  sailors  of  the  ship,  and  I 
landed  amidst  the  hearty  cheers  and  accla- 
mations of  them  all." 

After  crossing  the  river  Formosa, 
about  a  mile  in  width,  the  travellers 
arrived  at  Badagry,  where  they  re- 
mained till  the  27tn  of  December,  be- 
ing comfortably  accommodated  at  the 
dwelling  of  Mr.  Houison,  who  had 
previously  resided  at  this  place.  On 
quitting  Badagry,  they  began  to  ex- 
perience the  dimculties  and  extreme 
miseries  of  African  travelling. 

"Captain  Clapperton  havine  borrowed 
the  horse  of  a  Badagrian  chief,  he  and  Mr. 
Houtson  agreed  to  ride  htm  in  turns.  We 
took  a  short  route  across  the  country,  whilst 
Captain  Pearce  and  Dr.  Morrison  proceeded 
to  Dagnoo  by  a  safer  but  more  circuitous 
road.  It  was  evening  when  we  left  Book- 
har,  and  it  soon  becoming  dark,  we  bad  to 
grope  our  way  on  a  narrow  foot  path,  wind- 
ing through  a  gloomy  dismal  forest,  and 
rendered  almost  impervious  toman  or  beast, 
except  on  the  beaten  track,  by  reason  of 
thick  entangling  underwood.  To  odd  to 
our  misery,  Captain  Clapperton  became  so 
painfully  galled  in  consequence  of  riding  on 
the  back  of  a  lean  horse  without  a  saddle, 
that  he  preferred  walking  the  remainder  of 
the  way,  although  wearing  only  slippers; 
these  were  soon  Jost,  and  he  was  obliged  to 
limp  a  considerable  distance  barefooted,  so 
that  his  feet  were  swollen,  and  blistered 
dreadfully,  and  before  reaching  laako  were 
literallv  bathed  in  blood."     P.  57. 

"Tne  roads  being  rendered  almost  im- 
passable, in  consequence  of  the  rains  that 
had  fallen  the  preceding  night,  it  was  nut 
without  experiencing  cunsiderable  difficulty 
that  we  could  pursue  our  journey.  The 
mud  and  water  reached,  in  some  places,  al- 
most to  the  horses*  shoulders  ;  and  Daw- 
son,* who  was  ill  with  ague,  was  unable  to 
retain  his  seat  on  the  animal's  bock,  and 
fell  three  or  four  times  in  the  mire,  till  he 
became  so  much  exhausted  by  struggling  to 
regain  his  seat,  that,  in  despair,  he  at  last 
flung  his  arms  onlv  across  the  horse's  back ; 
and  panting  with  his  exertions,  was  in  this 

*  An  English  seaman,  who  had  been  en- 
gaged at  Badagry  as  servant  to  Dr.  Morrison. 


manner  dragged  to  a  considerable  distance. 
At  eleven  o'clock  we  arrived  at  tlie  village  of 
Egbo ;  and  after  partaking  of  a  slight  re- 
freshment, each  of  us  being  indisposed  in  a 
greater  or  less  degree,  we  stretched  our- 
selves at  full  length  on  our  mats,  in  th^ 
hope  of  obtaining  a  little  sleep.  Dawson, 
however,  was  taken  dreailfiilly  ili,  and  his 
moanings  of  distress  prevented  me  from 
closing  my  eyes.  He  pronounced  the  names 
of  his  wife  and  children,  whom  he  had  left 
in  England,  with  a  bitter  emphasis,  and  re- 
proached himself  repeatedly  with  having  d** 
serted  them,  to  perish  miserably  in  a  strongt 
country."  P.  74. 

During  his  agonies  poor  Dawson 
swallowed  a  dose  from  a  phial,  by 
mistake,  which  caused  his  immediate 
dissolution.  Captain  Poarce  and  Dr. 
Morrison  soon  alter  fell  yictims  to  ex- 
cessive fatigue  and  the  baneful  in- 
fluence of  the  climate. 

After  experiencing  innnmerable  dif* 
ficulties,  the  remainder  of  the  party 
arrived  at  Katunga,  the  capital  of^  Ya» 
riba,  on  the  15th  of  Jan.  1826',  where 
they  remained  seven  weeks,  the  King, 
on  various  frivolous  pretcnoea,  refaa« 
ing  to  grant  them  permission  to  de- 
part. The  account  which  Mr.  Lander 
gives  of  the  manners  and  cusloma  of 
the  inhabitants,  when  residing  there, 
is  very  amusing. 

On  the  6ih  of  March  the  IraYellen 
left  Katuntj^a;  but  Mr.  Houtson,  on 
account  of  ill  health,  was  lefl  behind, 
and  died  after  a  few  days'  ill  nets  thft 
party  being  thus  reduced  to  two  Euro- 
peans only,  Capt.  Clapperton  and  Mr. 
Lander.  On  quitting  the  Yaribean 
territories,  they  passecT  through  several 
viNages  which  had  been  burnt  by  the 
Falatahs,  a  powerful  and  increasing 
tribe,  who  are,  at  the  present  time, 
desolating  the  interior  of  this  part  of 
Africa,  by  conquest  and  spoliation. 
Some  of  these  Falatahs  profess  tSM 
Mahommedan  faith,  and  some  wor- 
ship idols,  like  the  natives  themselves, 
whilst  others  have  no  outward  form  of 
religion  at  ail.  Many  of  them  are  fotf 
ever  wandering  from  place  to  place, 
like  the  Bedouin  Arabs,  and  othera 
s|)end  a  tranquil  existence  in  the  occu- 
pations of  pasturage  and  aprieultme. 
Several  are  suspected  of  stirring  up  thd 
minds  of  the  people  against  their  rulers, 
and  treated  accordingly  with  as  mueh 
contumely  and  disrespect  as  the  Jewa 
in  some  countries  of  clurope. 

The  expedition  passed  thrptigh 
Wow  Wow,  the  metropolis  of  a  pro- 
vince of  the  same  name,  in  the  em- 


183a]     RsTiBW.— Lander^B  Reomrd$  of  ClappertonU  Expedition.       131 


pire  of  Borghoo,  which  is  goTem- 
cd  by  Mohammed,  a  Mutsiilman, 
strongly  addicted  to  fU|>ertlition,  but 
of  mild  and  uiiasiuming  mannem. 
Boussa  it  a  province  contiguous  to 
Wow  Wow,  the  capital  ot  which, 
called  alio  Bouiaa,  is  situated  on  an 
island  in  the  rirer  Niger,  or  more  pro- 
iierly  the  Quorr^,  about  three  miles  in 
len((ch,  and  one  in  breadth.  It  is 
chiefly  remarkable  as  the  place  where 
the  enterprising  Park  and  his  compa- 
nions experience<l  their  melancholy 
fate.  Our  travellers  look  some  pains 
to  ascertain  the  particulars  of  his  death, 
and  to  recover  if  possible  his  journal 
and  papers;  but  it  appears  that  they 
had  all  been  destroyed,  or  conveyed  no 
one  knew  whiiher;  and  the  inhabit- 
ants were  extremely  reserved  on  the 
subject.  The  following  appears  to  be 
the  most  authentic  version  of  the  dis- 
mal story  of  the  deaths  of  Park  and 
Martin,  which  Mr.  Lander  waa  able 
to  obtain  : 


CI 


The  vojagtrs  had  raaebed  Youri  m 
nafety,  and  wart  oa  btimata  awl  ftuisiliar 
terniB  with  iu  Sultan,  ikther  to  the  lel^ 
ing  prioce,  who  tntreated  theas  to  ianl^ 
their  journey  throngh  tba  eountiy  by  laad, 
instead  of  proceeding  down  the  Quorra  to 
the  salt  water ;  obienring,  that  the  peopla 
inhabiting  the  islands  and  borders  of  the 
river  were  ftmeious  in  their  manners,  and 
would  not  suffer  their  ctaoe   to  proeotd 
withoat  haviag  first  riiWd  it  of  its  contents, 
ami  evpoeed  them  to  every  speciet  of  indig- 
nity and  insult ;  tad  that  if  their  lives  wert 
spared,  they  would  infidlibly  be  deuined  at 
domestic  slaves.    This  evil  report  was  oon- 
sidertd  tt  tht  eflbct  of  jealousy  and  preju- 
dice ;  and,  disregarding  the  prudent  eooasel 
of  the  Sultan  of  Youri,  the  ill-fated  advea- 
tartrt  proceeded  down  the  Qoorrm  at  fkr  tt 
the  itiand  of  Boussa,  from  whence  their 
ttntige-k>oking  canoe  wat  observed  by  out 
or  two  of  the  iobabitaats,    whose  shoots 
brought  nomben  of  their  companions,  arm- 
ed with  bows  and  arrows,  to  the  spot.     At 
that  time  the  usurpations  of  the  Palataht 
had  begun  to  be  the  general  ulk  of  the 
Idack  population  of  the  country,  so  that  the 
people  of  Bouttt,  who  had  only  hearti  of 
that  wariike  nation,  fancied  Mr.  Park  and 
hia  aiiocittt  to  be  tome  of  them,  coming 
with  the  incentioo  of  taking  their  town,  and 
fufajugating  its    inhabitants.     Under    thit 
impression,   tbty  saluted  the   onfortunata 
Englishmen  from  the  beach  with  showers  of 
missiles  and  ixNsoned  arrows,  which  were 
returned  by  the  latter  with  a  discharge  of 
musketry.     A  small  white  flag  had   been 
previously  waved   by  our  countrymen,   in 
token  or  their  peaceable  intentions ;   but 


thit  symbol  not  being  understood  by  ihe 
people  of  Boutsa,  they  continued  firmg  ar- 
rowa,  till  they  wert  joined  by  the  iniole 
male  population  of  the  island,  when  the  un- 
equal contest  was  renewed  with  greater  vio- 
lence than  ever.  In  the  mean  time  the 
Englishmen,  with  the  blacks  they  had  with 
tliem,  kept  firing  unceasingly  amongst  tba 
multitude  on  shore,  killing  manv,  and 
wounding  a  ttill  gretur  nnmbtr,  tift  their 
ammunition  being  expended,  aad  seeing 
every  hope  of  life  cut  off,  they  thi«w  their 
goods  overboard ;  and  desiring  their  sable 
assisUnts  to  swim  towards  the  beach,  locked 
themselves  firmly  in  each  other's  arms,  and 
springing  into  the  water,  instantly  sank,  and 
were  never  seen  again." 

Our  author  relates  a  curious  adven- 
ture which  took  place  at  the  city  of 
Wow  Wow   with  a   widow  lady  of 
Arab  extraction  named  Zuma,  who 
was  immensely  rich,    and    possessed 
of  so  much  influence,  that  she  had 
ertn  aspired  at  the  government,  by 
attempiiag  to  depose  her  sovereign. 
This  lady,  who  was  greatly  celebrated 
for  the  piagoidity  of  her  person,  and 
waa   a  perfect  beauty,  according    to 
African   notiont,  became  desperately 
cnamoorad  of  Mr.  Lander;  and  on  his 
rejecting  her  anient  suit,  she  made 
orertaret  to  his    master— a  circum- 
stance which  involved  the  parties  in 
some  troubles  with  the  reigning  sove- 
reign, who  was  extremely  jealous  lest 
such  an  alliance  might  endanger  hia 
throne!     Mr.  Lander's  description  of 
this  sable    Venus    is  truly  amusing 
"  Poor  widow  Zuma,  (he  exclaims)  T 
almost  fancy  I  see  her  now,  waddlinc 
into  our  house,  a  moving  world  of 
flesh,  puffing  and  blowing  like  a  black- 
smith s  bellows,  and  the  very  pink  and 
essence  of  African  fashion.** 

On  the  S3d  of  December,  after  a 
wearisome  journey  from  Kano  of 
nearly  a  month,  Lander  reached  Soc- 
catoo,  the  celebrated  capital  of  the 
Falatahs,  where  Capt.  Clapperton  had 
already  arrived  some  time  previous. 
This  place  has  been  very  much  en- 
larged by  the  present  Sultan  Bello,  and 
appears  to  be  the  roost  important  citv 
in  the  interior  of  Africa.  The  svafl 
that  surrounds  the  capital  of  the  Fala- 
tah  empire,  does  not  indeed  encom- 
pass so  large  a  portion  of  ground  as 
that  of  Kano,  but  its  population  it 
treble  the  amount ;  and  allowing  the 
latter  city  to  contain  forty  thousand 
souls,  the  aggregate  number  of  inha- 
bitants in  boccatoo  will  be  one  hun- 
dred and  twenty  thousand. 


132  Review,— Lander'i  Recordt  of  Clapper  ton  i  Exptdilion.     [Feb. 

It  was  ai  Soccaioo  th^iL  ilie  lamented  Htb  flig  ""ing  "Io'It  "^  mmimrollj  am 

Cbppcrlun    Lreatheil    hi.    lul.      The  th™  >t  (h*  •>«»  momeiit     Not  m  m^ 

nirralWc  of  hii  lufferinits,  death,  sod  """l   H.ttmd  lo  thii  pemlUilj  dbtnuing 

funeral,  a>  relal«l  by  Under,  i>  truly  ""nmaj  j   f..r  tl>.  .U™  w«.  q»mll™ 

aBecimg.  ,„^^     Thi.  being  d™.  th.  fl.g -•  ukm 

"  The   iUtci  fB-mg  w!<iuni|>l»hed  thn  ,         „j  ,f,g  (^    ,]j,.]    |o,„„j  i^^  ,|^ 

U>k  of  digging  the  g««,  the  cut|»e  wu  „^  .  ,^j  j  ^^^  hitwrf*  u  I  nud,  fur  ■ 

bon»  to  (he  briok  of  the  pil,  uid  I  pLnud  ,„,  jj^,^  „„  ^  ,i^^  rwiaiiwd  of  nj  in- 

lh«  fl>s  «l"e  *°  ";  '""••  "MO'e'ine  ^T  treuid  and  belored  Dtutcr." 
\mi,   and   opeumg  a   pr.jer-booli,  »mid«t  ■         u     r  i 

•bonn  of  uan,  T  rod  tin  impniiKe  fu-  A  vignellc,  reprsienlmg  ihe  fmiersl 

nenl  lenin  of  the  ChHfch  nf  Engtind  over  ceremony,  is   introduced  with  very  ap^ 

tha  rtmuD*  of  1117  valued  m»ler— the  £pg-  prO|irUle  effect. 


The  author,  hating  esprriencrd   a  ThronaorMcrcT.— MihaOodorCUnlaBi, 

aevere  JMneM  and  much  iDfTertng,  \th  — and  haitiljr  avalloind  ih*  frtkh,  daahiig 

Soccaioo  on  the  4th  of  May,  and  ma<le  tbe  polun-ohalic*  to  iha  gmmd.     A  low 

lh«  best  of  his  way  towards  the  Coaal,  n"™""  ™  throogh  tha  avtnUy  j  tbm 

paaaint;   through  Kano,  Wow  Wow.  •"  th<.<.ght  I  .hould  iutaotly  hna  npired, 

and  Kalunga.     After  enduring  much  "'  "  '*"'  We  diieowrtd  >pimoiH  bT 

fatigue  and  aickneaa.  and  meeifng  with  "'•"  "S""'^.'  '^'  *''*^,"'"  "?  "?  ""^ 

tnany  ..range   »d«n.ur«     he  arrived  ^''^^."r/.Tl.".  Y,X    ?>.'tS^Z 

atBada^t-yon  the  2I«  of  No-ember,  „p,„  ^,,  i  r„„^  raj  poor  ^T.7m  mm. , 

having  been  a  month  on  the  road  from  thjy  had  come,  they  laid,  to  catch  a  laH 

Kaluiiga-  glii»p«  of  tlieir  maiUr ;  but  whan  that  mm 

Owing  to  the    base  insmuatmni  of  me   alive  lod   at  liberty,  [hej  leaped  ^ 

Ihe   Potlogueae    residenli   at   Badagry,  daaced  fur  joy,  and  prepuvj  a  path  f(»  M 

the  author  was  compelled  by  the  native  thruugh  the  deax  man  of  aimed  pMpI*. 

ptietu  10  iwBtlow  a  liquid  poi«on,   10  ThcH  lel  iip  m  uUiuading  ahoot  at  ny 

prove  that  he  was  innocent  of  all  irea-  uneipected  appearance,  aad  leamad  graatly 

sonable  deiigni.     By  n.iraculou.  good  f  *•"«*  (if  1  might  ba  alloovd  to  jadge)  that 

fortune,   he  was  aa«d  from  the  fatal  ' '"''  ""i^"'?:  ""™  *? '^  "'"r-,?* 

effect,  of  the  dreadful  ordeal.  iha.r  fc.tfulfcti.h.    Oo  arrmog M  my  d-dl. 


.™g°.  I 


_,      ,        ,  .  ,,.        .        ■        '"»^'  '  ''™»   innMii  mua   pnwinui  an 

lh«  bowl  in  my  trentbliog  hand,      ,j,c,  a^t  .eoocioas  potion  from  ay  at 


Ined   two  moathi 


>k  ofcompaHiua  ihooe  aixn  aoT  „""  »^"<'"   remained    two  OlDatlH 

.-,    a  dead  lileon  pnniled  in  ihi  '}  B"d»nry.  anxi^oiKiy  waitmg  the  ar- 

glooiDj  Moctuaty  of  tkulli;  every  eva  irai  ">■"'   <>'    >ome  tnglitli    trader,   when, 

inienily   fixed    upon   me ;    and   leeiBg   no  O  >he  £0l1i  ofjaniiary,  he  receitcd  ■ 

pni'ihility   uf    euape.  or  of   evading    the  letter  directed  to  "  Tlie  Engliihnan  U 

piercing  glaace  of  the  prieiti  and  eiriert,  I  Badagry,"  fiom  Captain  JLdingr,  of  iha 

afiartd  up,  btcinally,  a  ibort  prayer  to  tha  brig  Maria,  ol  Ij>ndon,  wholiail  pur- 


1830.]  Rbvibw. — Bacon's  Lift  and  Timu  of  Franm  L 


133 


pcMcly  come  from  Whydah,  io  convcv 
him  from  thence.  He  accurdinglj  took 
hit  immediate  departure  for  England. 

The  portrait  vvhich  Mr.  Lander  hai 
drawn  of  the  African  character,  with 
the  exception  of  the  horrid  cruchiet 
practised  at  Badagry,  ii  extremely  fa- 
vourable; and,  indeed,  he  preteius  his 
readers  with  a  lively  |)ortraiture  of  the 
rcligioufl  sects,  governments,  amuse- 
ments, manners,  &c.  of  the  natives, 
from  Badagry  to  Soccatoo. 

<*  N»tor«    (savB  he)    has   endowed   tha 
Afriean  with  a  \>uoyMit,   cheerful,   happy 
temper ;  to  that  no  calamity,  however  K'^^t, 
— nu  grief,  however  poignaot, — ii  capable 
nf  making  a  deep  or  tafttog  impression  on 
hit  mind.     He  does  indeed  display  a  lively 
natural  feeling  when  bis  infant  children  are 
•natclied  forcibly  from  his  embracei,  or  he 
himself  torn  from  his  borne,  and  kindred, 
and  village^tree,  to  gaze  u|Kia  strange  faees, 
and  wander  amongst  foreign  scenes ;  but  this 
emotion  is  as  evanescent  as  a  flash  of  light- 
ning i  he  kuows  uo  fixed  laaiing  sorrow  ; 
pakt  misfortunes  are  quicklj  swallowed  up  in 
present  eojcivment,  while  anticipations  ef  the 
future  have  no  power  to  harass  and  perplex 
him,  because  it  is  painful  for  him  to  think 
at  all,  and  he  does  not  think." 

<•  lilt  Africans  have  less  of  semHment  in 
their  love  affairs  than  Europeans ;  they  have 
no  stolen  interviews— no  rsmbUng  in  verdant 
fields — no  affectionate  sqoeezes  of  the  hand 
language  of  the  e^res — no  refined  feel- 
«o  moonlight  reveries ;  all  is  conducted 
the  most  unpoetieal  basiness*like  way 


ouire  a  knowled^  of  ihete  meanf*  to 
tnat  we  may  avoid  or  couoteract  ihem, 
it  the  instructite  object  of  the  science 
of  history.  Our  Henry  VIII.  has  been 
commonly  thousht  an  original  genius 
the  means  alluded  to,  and  an  ac- 


\n 


cordant  distinction  has  been  conferred 
upon  him  which  would  not  disgrace 
the  devil  himself.  But  contemporary 
history  can  alone  explain  coniemporary 
acts;  and  the  royal  author  was,  in 
certain  eminent  and  as  supposed  notel 
depravities,  only  a  plagiarist. 

vVc  had  scarcely  opened  the  first 
volume,  when  we  came  to  a  "  delicate 
investigation,'*  which  waa  the  arche- 
type of  Henry*8  dissolution  of  his  mar* 
riage  with  Catharine,  ainl  of  the  pre- 
vious discussions  (.mutatis  mutandis) 
concerning  the  quantum  of  intimacy 
which  subsisted  between  her  and  Prince 
Arthur,  her  former  husband.  Henry 
found  the  following  horse  ready- sad- 
dled, and  gliidly  mounted  it. 

••  Bjr  the  death  of  Charles  Vill.  Anne  of 
Brittany,  the  object  of  Louis*!  first  pauion, 
was  agsia  free  to  dispoae  of  her  band.  He 
resulvoil  upon  annulling  hia  actual  marriage ; 
and,  allegmr  that  which  was  natrua  *,  so- 
licited the  rojie  ti»  grant  him  a  divorce  from 
his  wife  Jeanne  [daughter  of  Louis  XI.]  t 
and  a  dispensation  to  contract  a  marriage 
with  the  Queea  Dowager.  He  alleged,  that 
he  had  secretly  protested,  at  the  time  of  his 
marriage,  acainst  the  duress  under  which  ha 
was  compelled  to  solemnise  it :  that  Jeanne 
imaginable,  and  is  considered  in  the  light  of     was  deformed,  and  uf  so  feeble  a  constitution 


in 


one  of  their  least  impfirtant  coneerns  ;  the 
lover  merely  saying  to  his  intended  bride, 
*  Should  you  I'dce  to  become  my  wife,  my 
dear  ?'  To  which  the  lady  replies^  *  I  have 
no  olijectioo.'  '  Then  come  and  live  with 
me,*  retoru  tha  mant  and  from  that  hour 
the  couple  reside  tosather." 

\Vc  have  rarely  experienced  more 
pleasure  than  in  the  Perusal  of  these 
iDieresting  volumes.  The  philosopher 
#ill  be  gratified  by  the  fimd  of^  in- 
formation they  contain,  and  the  seneral 
reader  by  the  very  amusing  deuils  with 
which  tney  are  interspersed. 

A  fine  portrait  of  Mr.  Lander  by 
Dean  is  given  as  a  frontispiece  to  the 
first  volume;  and  the  wood  engrav- 
ings that  embellish  the  second  are  %ery 
favourable  specimens  of  the  art. 


that  it  was  impossible  that  sbe  couU  produoa 
an  heir  to  the  tlirnoe.    Upon  every  princtpla 
of  moral  Justice,  it  is  cloirly  impossible  to 
excuse  such  a  proceeding,  even  if  all  tha 
circumstances  opon  which  it  was  grounded 
had  been  as  true  as  some  of  them  were  no- 
toriously felse.   And  yet  such  was  the  public 
feeling  of  that  day,  that  it  seems  to  have 
excited  little  disgust;  nor  is  it  mentioned  by 
the  historians  of  the  times  as  auv  blemitn 
opon  the  character  of  the  King.     With  the 
excFptinn  of  some  of  the  inhabitant*  of  Paris^ 
whf>  etitertaiaed  a  respect  fur  the  memory  of 
Louis  Xf.  to  them  a  benefactor,  although  a 
scourge  to  the  rest  of  his  people,  and  who 
did  nut  hesitate  to  express  their  disapproba- 
tion of  the  unworthy  treataMut  to  which  his 
daughter  was  exposed,  no  one  seems  to  hava 
cen>ured  it.    Jeanne  herself  offered  no  ef- 


fectual opposition  to  the  proceeding  s    hot 
her  love  uf  truth  would  not  permit  her  Io 
Life  imd  Times  of  Fnmdt  the  Pinit  King  tf    |tt  the  King's  depositions  respecting  her 

Fnnce.     By  James  Bacon,  Esq.     «  voU.     : 

sro.    Seamd  Edit,  •  '•  He  swore,  in  the  face  of  the  Church* 

IT  is  an  amusing  part  of  history,  to    ^hat  the  marrisge  ha<l  never  been  consum- 

ohserve  by  what  meant  some  people  free     mated,  though  the  princess  had  sworn  the 

themtelTes  from  the  inconvenient  feel-     contrary ;  iad  published  other  matters  not 

ings  of  right  and  wrong;  and  to  ac-     more  pnAmhle.'     i.  p.  15,  noU  n. 


134 


Ri VIEW.— Bacon's  Life  and  Times  of  Francis  I, 


[Feb. 


marriage  pais  uncontradicted.  Having  dis- 
charged this  duty  to  her  conscience,  she 
assumed  the  monastic  habit." 

The  people  took  all  ihis  patiently, 
and  80  did  ihe  English  with  regard  to 
Catharine;  but  did  they  do  so  in  the 
affair  of  the  late  Queen  Caroline,  where 
the  question  of  solvent  or  bankrupt 
morality  was  far  more  deeply  impli- 
cated ?  But  in  those  days,  "  Bshing  in 
troubled  waters"  often  ended  in  drown- 
ing; and  now  such  fishers  can  swim; 
nor  is  it  any  other  than  real  benefit  to 
society  that  the  people  should  be  able 
to  value  and  exhibit  moral  feelings,  for 
upon  these  depend  happiness  and  the 
well-being  of  families. 

Wobey's  ejaculation — "  If  I  had 
served  my  God  as  faithfully  as  I  have 
done  my  king,'*  &c.  has  been  much 
admired,  and  is  an  ejaculation  very  just 
for  the  catVpaw  of  a  sovereign,  who 
was  a  des|)Ot  and  a  voluptuary,  and 
never  exercised  pity  but  from  indif- 
ference, nor  practis^  justice  but  from 
self-interest.  The  Nlarechal  de  Grh 
had  offended  the  Queen  of  Louis  XI. ; 
and  u|)on  his  trral,  when  the  Countess 
of  Angouleme,  to  whose  hand  he  had 
once  aspired,  gave  rancorous  evidence 
against  him,  he  said  to  her  : 

**  If  I  had  altvayt  served  God  as  1  have 
served  yoUf  Madam,  I  should  not  have  a  great 
account  to  render  at  mj  death."   i.  46, 

People,  in  those  days,  valued  most 
highly  the  sovereigns  who  did  not  tax 
them,  and  kept  down  the  nobles. 
Elizabeth  has  nad  the  credit  of  origi- 
nality given  to  her  for  this  policy,  but 
we  find  that  she  was  only  a  copyist  of 
I^uis  XI. 

"  Louis,  who,  at  the  commencement  of 
this  expedition,  bad  been  obliged  to  impose 
some  additional  taxes,  no  sooner  found  that 
he  had  terminated  the  enterprise  without 
costs,  than  he  ordered  the  collection  to 
cease ;  a  proceeding  which  exposed  him  to 
the  ridicule  of  some  of  his  unthinking  cour- 
tiers, but  formed  an  additional  claim  to  the 
affection  of  the  people,  who  had  given  him 
the  appellation  oi  father."    i.  63. 

The  King  was  ridiculed  for  this 
avarice  in  a  farce ;  but  he  replied  : 

**  I  had  rather  my  courtiers  should  iaugh 
at  my  avarice,  than  that  my  people  should 
trcrp  at  my  profusion."    L  63. 

The  manoeuvre  of  infantry  lying 
down  to  avoid  shot,  is  not  new.  At  the 
battle  of  Ravenna,  in  1612,  a  body  of 
Spanish  infantry  did  so ;  but  the  French 
brought  guns  to  bear  upon  them 
from  an  elevation,  and  with  the  aid  of 


archery  so  galled  them,  that  they  rose, 
and  could  not  be  withheld  from  rush- 
ing into  action,    i.  84. 

«  Louis,"  says  Mr.  Bacon  (i.  118)  «  set 
an  example  of  dignified  morality  and  exalted 
virtue,  which  made  his  court  one  of  the 
purest  in  the  whole  world." 

But  this  eminence  of  virtue,  and  its 
consequent  public  influence,  could  not 
secure  him  from  the  intrusion  of 
"  foxes  who  preach  to  poultry,"  and 
well  know  their  advantage,  when  they 
can  lay  hold  of  a  weak  mind.  He  had 
married  Anne  of  Brittany  for  love,  and 
no  man  is  a  sincere  lover  who  does  not 
act  weakly  in  consequence.  Louis  suf- 
fered much  disquiet,  becaurc  "  the  in- 
triguing of  the  emissaries  of  the  Pope 
induced  his  Queen  to  think  that  her 
husband  had  placed  his  soul  in  jeopardy 
by  engaging  in  a  war  with  the  head  of 
the  church."    i.  1 10. 

Every  body  recollects  the  famous 
reply  of  the  French  guard  at  Waterloo' 
—that  they  died — but  never  surren- 
dered. After  the  battle  of  Nfarignoo, 
certain  Switzers,  who  tvert  summoned 
to  surrender,  replied*  "  that  their  ene- 
mies knew  that  they  were  alwayt  pre- 
pared to  die,  but  never  sarreooercd.'* 
They  perished  to  a  man :  but  of  the 
vieilies  mousiaehts  those  only  who 
could  not  help  it;  for  when  a  man 
has  no  alternative  between  standtng  or 
falling,  it  is  very  natural  thai  heshoald 
prefer  running  away,  braye  as  he  may 
be  under  hope. 

Sham  wooden  cannon  are  exhibited 
in  the  Tower,  as  having  been  invented 
in  stratagem.  At  the  marriage  of  Lo- 
renzo de  Medici  with  Madeleine  de 
Boulogne,  in  15 IS,  a  wooden  fort  was 
erected.  It  contained  artillery,  coo- 
sisting  of  hrfcfi,  wooden  canoon.  iimt- 
hooped,  which  discharged  balls  filkd 
with  wind.    i.  201,  203. 

James  I.  when  at  dinner,  used  to 
converse  with  bishops,  who  then  at« 
tended  on  purpose.  The  same  custooi 
obtained  at  the  court  of  Francis  I.  He 
never  supped,  dined,  or  took  a  walk, 
without  the  society  of  men  of  learn- 
ing"   i.  814,  215. 

The  JFhitehoys  in  Ireland  are  said 
to  have  been  so  denominated  because, 
wanting  uniforms,  they  put  their  sliirts 
over  their  clothes.  It  appears  that  a 
certain  attack  was  called  tne  Camiiode 
of  Rebec,  because  Pescara,  in  order  to 
enable  his  soldiers  to  distinguish  each 
other  in  the  dark,  had  made  them  pnt 
their  shirts  over  their  armour,    i.  44<9. 


1830.1 


lUviBw,— MilnuiD's  Huiarn  ^  IJU  /cim. 


135 


Bayarri,  JMt  before  he  was  killed, 
said,  "  1  coiDiDfnd  my  soul  to  God 
—my  life  it  my  country's.**  i.  461. 
There  is  no  doiibt  that  the  cele- 
brated Sheridan  borrowed  from  hence 
his  famous  reply  of,  "  my  life  is  my 
Prince's,"  connected  with  another 
phrase,  which  we  do  not  precisely  re- 
collect. 

It  seems  that,  in  the  year  1538,  the 
following  notion  obtained  concerning 
medical  men.     Mr.  Bacon  says  i 

**  Jtvt  mod  Araht  wera  then  the  notl 
reoowaad  profFSSon  of  nediclaa,  and  the 
vulgar  ooCirai  had  so  coflfounded  tbtir 
Imowladga  with  ihair  religUra,  that  oaleia 
tbey  profeMtd  tha  laith  of  tliair  Mvcral  na- 
tions, tbaj  wcra  not  ralied  on.  When 
Francis  1.  was  su£f«rtng  under  a  dangerous 
illness  at  Conpeign,  in  1538,  he  requested 
the  Emperor  to  send  him  from  Spain  a  ce- 
lebrated Jewish  physician.  On  the  arrival 
of  this  medical  professor,  ha  turned  out  to 
be  a  converted  Jew,  and  was  so  well  satisfied 
with  the  change  of  his  religion,  that  he 
boasted  of  it  to  the  King.  Francis  was 
eonvlneed  that.  In  order  to  be  effsctually 
cared,  ha  mast  have  tba  aid  of  a  real  Jew, 
and  ha  thaiafora  dismissed  tbe  auovart,  and 
sent  to  GMatantinoula  lor  aa  Israelite  who 
adhered  to  tbe  faith  of  bis  fibers.  The 
Jew  caase  and  cured  bim,  but  it  was  by  a 
remedy  which  might  have  been  prescribed 
with  equal  effect  by  a  Christian  :  be  simply 
told  the  King  to  drink  ass's  milk."   ii.  109. 

We  have  not  entered  into  narrative 
or  incideot»  thoush  many  parts  of  the 
work  would  vindicate  extracts,  if  we 
had  room.  The  history  is  a  political 
one ;  and,  like  manj  such,  refers  chiefly 
to  attempts  and  failures  as  to  making 
new  conquests.  It  shows  that  there 
were,  in  those  days,  better  warriors 
than  statesmen,  and  fewer  good  men 
than  either.  The  execution  of  the 
work  deserves  high  praise. 

TV  Hulani  rf  iht  Jews.  Fob.  11.  and  JIL 
1 6mo,  Murray. 
THE  connection  of  the  Hebrew  his- 
tory with  Christianity  has  given  it  a 
preponderating  iinjwriance  over  other 
nisiories,  because  it  is,  in  fact,  an  attes- 
tation of  prophecy,  and  is  indirectly  con- 
nected with  the  doctrine  of  future  life. 
Indeed,  such  a  history  as  that  of  the 
Jews,  is  one  which  all  persons  should 
read,  not  as  a  mere  matter  of  enter- 
tainment or  interest,  but  as  a  study  of 
the  hijihest  moment,  and  an  indis- 
pensable companion  to  the  Bible.  A 
cheap  and  well-digested  work  on  the 
subject  is  therefore  to  be  deemed  a 
public  benefaction. 


It  is  difiBcult  for  an  Englishman  to 
separate  the  idea  of  Jews  from  pedlars, 
who  cry  "  old  cloaths,'*  hawk  sealing* 
wax,  and  have  a  peculiar  physiogno* 
micul  character.  But  whoever  reada 
the  S8th  chapter  of  Deuteronomy,  and 
the  S4th  of  Matthew,  will  see  that 
they  were  persons  whom  Providence 
consigned  to  Christians,  that  they 
might  be  treated  much  in  the  same 
way  as  anatomical  subjects ;  and  that 
(till  recently)  they  have  been  treated 
by  the  said  Christiana  accordingly,  and 
have  no  otherwise  been  regarded  aa  of 
the  human  race.  We  are  not,  how- 
ever, disposed  to  review  this  Work 
theologically ;  and  shall  therefore  take 
other  ground. 

The  fortifications  of  Jerosatem  at 
the  time  of  the  siege,  seem  to  throw 
light  upon  militaiy  architecture,  and 
castramctation.  Upon  parts  of  these 
fortifications  we  shall  therefore  make 
some  remarks. 

'*  Jerusalem,  at  this  period,  waa  fortified 
by  three  walls  in  all  tbusc  parts  where  U 
was  not  surrounded  by  abrupt  and  impassabla 
ravines ;  there  it  had  but  ona."    ii.  p.  14. 

This  practice  of  three  valla,  to  guard 
accessible  paru,  and  only  one  where 
there  was  a  ravine^  is  quite  common 
in  British  camps  ;  though  at  Jeru- 
salem the  walls  were  not  concentric 
circles,  but  irregular,  according  to  the 
nature  of  the  ground,  or  arti&rial  de- 
fences, and  intended  to  divide  the  por- 
tions of  the  city  into  four  distinct 
towns. 

The  construction  of  the  outer  wall 
seems  to  explain  the  cause  why  the 
Cyclopean  masonry  was  made  to  cooattt 
ot  enoraioua  blocks. 

<*  The  stooes  were  85  fSMi  loog,  «e  totii 
atnoitott  ttuily  shaken  by  battering  engines, 
or  wutermmed,  Tbe  wall  was  17^  ImS 
broad.*'    P.  16. 

Ttiis  proportion  of  35  feet  seems  to 
have  been  a  standard,  for  the  towera 
which  guarded  the  circuit  of  all  their 
walls,  were  of  the  same  cyclopean  mas« 
sinefs.  The  construction  in  drminish* 
ing  stories,  one  above  another,  shows 
that  the  towers  were  of  Babylooiao 
and  Egyptian  fashion. 

•*  They  were  85  feet  broad,  and  36  high ; 
b«t  above  this  height  were  lofty  chambers, 
aad  above  those  again,  upper  rooms  aad 
large  tanks  to  receive  the  min- water.  Broad 
i%huofsiepaledaptathen."    P.  17. 

From  the  length  of  the  stones,  it 
appeara  that  the  walb  were  not  of  the 


Rbvibw.— Milman's  HUtorjf  of  the  Jews. 


1S6 

earlier  Cyclopean  styles,  but  of  that 
later  manner,  which  is  presumed  to 
have  subsisted  between  the  times  of 
Epaminondas  and  Alexander ;  unless 
the  fashions,  prevalent  in  Egypt  and 
India,  are  not  comprised  in  the  usual 
classification  of  the  style  alluded  to. 

The  Palace  of  the  Kings  was  plainly 
of  Egyptian  character. 

«  It  was  surrounded  by  a  wall  85  feet 
high,  which  was  adorned  by  towers  at  equal 
distances,  and  by  spacious  barrack  rooms 
with  100  beds  In  each.  It  was  paved  with 
every  variety  of  rare  marble  ;  timbers  of  un- 
equalled length  and  workmanship  supported 
the  roofs.  The  chambers  were  countless, 
adorned  with  all  kinds  of  figures,  the  richest 
furniture,  and  vessels  of  gold  and  silver. 
There  were  numerous  cloisters  of  columns 
of  different  orders,  the  squares  within  of 
beautiful  verdure ;  around  were  groves  and 
avenues,  with  fountains  and  tanks,  and 
bronze  statues  pouring  out  the  water.  There 
were  likewise  large  houses  fur  tame  doves." 
P.  19. 

The  cloisters  and  general  fashion  are 
the  chief  things  which  show  that  this 
building  had  especially  an  Egyptian 
character.  The  *'  all  kmds  of  figures," 
in  the  chambers,  assimilate  the  hiero- 
glyphics on  the  walls  of  edifices  in  that 
country,  though  the  prohibition  of 
animal  representations  probably  caused 
the  figures,  as  in  coins,  to  be  of  the 
vegeuble  world ;  or  more  probably  of 
knops,  open  flowers,  cherubims,  and 
palm  trees,  as  mentioned  in  the  Book 
of  Kings  (1  Kin{rs,  c.  vi.  18,  Sg). 
Wainscotting,  deal  floors,  and  wooden 
ceilings,  are  also  particularized  in  the 
same  chapter ;  and  we  know  that  there 
were,  in  the  middle  apres,  rooms  floored, 
wainscot  led,  and  ceiled  with  planks,  of 
which  one  still  exists  at  Lambeth. 

The  tower  of  Psei)hina  was  an 
octagon  (p.  18).  We  uo  not  recollect 
any  such  form  in  Egyptian,  Indian,  or 
Greek  work.  This  is  the  earliest  spe- 
cimen known  to  us.  The  fashion  does 
not  apitear  before  the  Roman  sra,  in 
Fosbroke*s  Foreign  Topography  (see  p. 
35,  49,  88,  &c.) 

Our  early  Castles,  in  the  frequent 
fashion  of  a  square  with  four  angular 
towers,  had  an  ancient  origin. 

**  The  fortress  Antonia  stood  alone,  on  a 
high  and  precipitous  rock  near  niuety  feet 
high,  at  the  north-west  comer  of  the  temple. 
It  was  likewise  a  work  of  Herod.  The 
whole  hce  of  the  rock  was  fronted  with 
smooth  stone  for  ornament,  and  to  make 
the  ascent  so  slippery  as  to  be  impenetrable ; 
round  the  top  of  the  rock  there  was  first  a 


[Feb. 


low  wall,  rather  more  than  &f  feet  hich. 
The  fortress  was  seventy  feet  ia  height. 
It  bad  every  loxary  and  coDveaiance  of  a 
sumptuous  palace,  or  even  of  a  ci^ ;  spacious 
halls,  courts,  and  baths.  It  appeared  like  a 
vast  square  tower,  with  four  other  lowers  at 
the  comers ;  three  of  them  between  eigh^ 
and  ninety  feet  high:  that  at  the  comer 
next  to  the  Temple  above  1 80."     P.  1 9. 

Adjacent,  as  in  the  Greek  Acropolis, 
was  the  Temple,  and  from  hence,  in 
the  primary  origin,  arose  our  custom 
of  the  Church  near  the  castle  and 
manor-house.  The  larger  corner  tower 
was  the  archetype  of  our  keep,  and  a 
dwarf  wall  round  the  summit  appears 
at  Launceston,  a  British  castle. 

Mr.  VVilkins,  in  his  Magna  Grecia, 
assimilates,  in  correction  of  previous 
error,  the  form  of  the  Temple  of  Solo- 
mon to  that  of  a  Greek  one. 

The  plan  before  tis,  p.  SO,  pro- 
nounced to  be  most  accordant  with 
the  descriptions,  has  a  commixture  of 
both  Egyptian  and  Grecian  forms.  If 
the  Porcn,  Holy  Place,  and  Holy  of 
Holies,  resemble  the  Ce//aof  the  Greek 
Temple  in  the  disposition  of  the  in- 
terior, the  sides  were  not  lined  exter- 
nally, as  here,  with  the  Priest's  cham- 
bers, but  with  columns  or  pseado- 
columns ;  nor  do  we  remember  in  any 
others  than  in  E^ptian  Temples,  a 
division  of  the  Hieron  into  so  many 
courts  and  cloisters.  The  fashion  of 
placing  the  houses  of  our  Plrebendaries 
or  Canons  around  our  Cathedrals,  had 
however  its  evident  commencement  in 
the  ancient  lodgings  of  the  Priests 
around  the  Temples. 

The  author  (Mr.  Milman)  thinks  it 
probable,  that  the  later  Jews  first  gene- 
rally adopted  their  commercial  habits 
in  Asia  Minor  and  Alexandria  (p. 
136) ;  but,  whencTcr  and  however  they 
acquired  these  habits,  to  them  |>reseff- 
vation,  and  such  well-being  as  aiH 
happy  circumstances  permitted,  have 
been  owing;  because  Kings  and  Nobles 
took  them  upon  these  accounts  under 
their  protectiou  *.  Most  happily  does 
our  author  delineate  the  history  of  the 
Jews  in  the  middle  and  modern  aget. 

<<  At  one  period,  the  history  of  the  Jewa 
is  written,  as  it  were,  in  their  Uood  1  thay 
show  no  signs  of  life,  but  in  their  cries  oJF 
agony ;  they  only  appear  in  the  anaals  of 
the  world,  to  be  o])pressed,  robbed,  pens 
cuted,  and  massacred.  Yet  still  paUavt  aad 
indefatigable,  they  pursue,  under  every  dis- 
advantage, the   steady  coarse  of  indiutiy* 

*  Sea  Ducange,  v.  Judm,    Rbt. 


1830.1 


Rbvibw. — Milman*d  HUloty  of  the  Jews, 


137 


Wb«reirtr  they  hsve  be«o  tllowtd  to  dwell 
uninolettedy  or  ttill  more  ia  hnnoar  snd 
retptct,  they  have  Mided  Wgelj  to  the  etock 
of  DAtiooal  wrcalth,  civilixfttioo,  and  comfort. 
Where,  m  hat  heeo  more  otoallj  the  case, 
they  have  heeo  barely  tolerated,  where  they 
had  been  cootidered,  io  public  ettimatioo, 
the  hatett  of  the  bate,  the  very  outcasta 
and  reftise  of  manktod ;  they  have  ^one  oa 
•ceuroulatiiig  thoae  treasures,  which  they 
could  not  betrey  or  eojuy  ;  in  the  roost  bar- 
baroos  periods  they  kept  ap  the  only  traffic 
and  courouoicatioo  which  subsisted  between 
diataot  countries  ;  like  hardy  and  adven- 
turous miners,  they  were  always  at  work 
ander  the  surfiice  of  societyf  slowly  winning 
their  way  to  opulence.  Perpetually  plun* 
dered,  yet  always  wealthy ;  mtssacred  by 
thousaaids,  yet  sprinzing  up  again  from 
their  undying  stock,  tne  Jews  appear  at  all 
timet  and  in  all  regions;  their  perpetuity, 
their  national  immortality,  is  at  once  the 
most  curious  problem  to  the  political  en- 
qnirer;  to  the  religious  roan  a  subject  of 
pruftioad  aad  awful  admiration."     P.  94. 

This  is  a  just  and  a  liberal  character; 
but  philosophers  are  not  surprised  at 
their  inflexible  pertinacity.  If  every 
Jewess  was  allowetl  to  marry  only  a 
Chriiiian  husband,  and  the  issue  com- 
pulsorily  educated  distinct  from  pa- 
rental controul,  the  future  generation 
would  be  unjudaized.  We  do  not 
state  a  practicable,  only  a  theoretical 
case.  It  does  not  ap)>ear  that  the 
American  Indians  have  been  amalga- 
mated with  the  settler:),  nor  tribes  of 
gi|>sies  been  extinguished.  The  acqui- 
sition of  riches,  and  private  interest, 
appears  to  have  been  the  most  success- 
ful mode  of  conversion  hitherto  known, 
though  it  has  been  but  partial.  Perhaps 
some  extraordinary  providential  change 
of  circumstances  can  alone  make  it 
universal. 

The  public  are  much  indebted  to 
Mr.  Milman  for  this  excellent  work, 
because  it  is  written  upon  those  en- 
lightened principles  which  alone  will 
be  rezarded  in  modern  times.  Au  resle^ 
says  Mr.  Milman, 

**  The  de.«tiniat  of  this  wonderful  people, 
at  of  all  mankind,  are  io  tlie  hands  of  the 
All-wita  Ruler  of  the  Universe  ;  bis  decrees 
will  be  accomplished ;  his  truth,  his  good- 
ness, and  hit  witdom,  vindicated.  This, 
however,  we  may  venture  to  assert,  that 
true  religion  will  advance  with  the  dissemi- 
nation of  knowledge  ;  tha  more  enlightened 
the  Jew  becomes,  the  lett  credible  will  it 
appear,  tliat  tha  Univenal  Father  intended 
aa  exclptive  religioo,  confined  to  one  family 
MDong  tha  raca  of  mao,  to  be  permanent ; 

Oknt.  Mao.  Petnuay,  li80. 


6 


tha  more  evident  that  the  faith,  which  em- 
braces tha  whole  haman  race  within  the 
tphere  of  itt  benevoleaoe,  it  alone  adapted 
to  a  more  advanced  and  civilised  age."  P. 
418. 

Thotc  penons,  therefore,  who  pro- 
fess to  adrocate  the  conversion  of  iUt 
Jews,  ought,  we  think,  to  recollect 
that  it  is  the  tendency  of  knowledge  to 
extirpate  prejudices,  and  that  it  is  the 
best  human  instrument  of  eflecting  the 
object  desired.  Yet  the  devotees  who 
profess  to  have  this  object  most  at 
heart,  are  the  oniif  persons  in  this  realm 
who  depreciate  knowledge ! 

For  the  purpose  intended,  the  work 
before  us  is  must  satisfactorily  executed ; 
and  we  fully  truRi,  that  it  will  find 
that  patronage  which  it  so  amply  de- 
serves. 

FlaxinanS  Lectures  on  Sculpture, 
{dmcluded  from  page  48.) 

WE  shall  How  abstract  .Mr.  Flax- 
man's  distinctive  characteristics  of  an- 
cient sculpture. 

i^gyption. — No  anatomical  details, 
and  total  deficiency  in  the  grace  of 
motion.  He  assigns  the  cause  (far 
more  reasonably  than  VVinckelman)  to 
imperfect  skill  in  geometry.  In  their 
basso-relievos  and  paintings  there  is  no 
perspective,  and  figures  intended  to  be 
in  violent  action,  are  equally  destitute 
of  joints  and  other  anatomical  forms, 
as  well  as  of  the  balance  and  spring  of 
motion,  the  force  -of  u  blow,  or  the 
just  variety  of  line  in  the  turning 
figure. 

Their  historical  representations  are 
far  inferior  to  their  statues,  which, 
though  of  general  forms  only,  without 
particular  detail,  have  simplicity  of 
idea,  breadth  of  parts,  and  occasional 
beauty  of  form. 

The  cause  of  these  defects  was  want 
of  the  anatomical,  mechanical,  and 
geometrical  science  relating  to  the  arts 
of  painting  and  sculpture. 

GrecO' Egyptian. — After  the  Ptole- 
mies, their  sculpture  was  improved  by 
Grecian  animation  and  beauty. 

Roman- Egyptian, — Entirely  unlike 
the  genuine  Egyptian,  as  the  drawing 
and  character  are  Roman  in  Egyptian 
attitudes  and  dresses. 

Pertepnlitan.  Nothing  in  science, 
worthy  study. 

JncUan,-^0(  some  resemblance  to 
the  Egyptian,  but  inferior  both  in 
science  and  likeness  to  nature. 


138 


Rbvibw. — Flaunan'8  Lecturet  on  Sculplurt. 


£Feb. 


Grecian  iSctt/p/tire.—- Science  rouit 
attain  a  certain  perfection  before  the 
arts  of  design  can  be  cultiratec)  with 
success,  and  this  progression  is  very 
distinctly  marked  in  Grecian  sculpture. 
Perspective  and  foreshortening  were 
very  imperfect,  because  optics  were  so; 
ana  it  was  not  until  Hippocrates,  De- 
mocritus,  &c.  made  anatomical  re- 
searches, that  Leontius,  the  contem- 
porary of  Phidias,  Brst  expressed  nerves 
and  veins.  The  geometrical  improve- 
ments of  Pythagoras,  Thales,  and  Eu<^- 
clid,  increased  the  knowledge  of  circu- 
lar and  triangular  power,  and  relations, 
a  knowledge  indispensable  to  perfectly 
understanding  the  curvilinear  motion 
of  animal  bodies  in  different  directions, 
and  to  ascertain  its  Quantity  and  direc- 
tion in  the  limbs. — Poetry,  philosophy, 
and  myihology,  further  influenced  the 
art.  When  the  figures  of  deities  were 
ordinary  and  barbarous,  symbols  or 
wings  (to  show  that  they  were  not 
men)  distinguished  them.  Homer's 
verses  caused  Jupiter  and  Neptune  to 
be  represented  with  beards ;  and  as 
the  arts  improved,  the  distinguishing 

Sersonal  characteristics  were  added, 
iercury  obtained  a  youthful  figure, 
from  his  patronase  of  gymnastic  exer- 
cises, and  Hercules  his  extraordinary 
muscular  strength,  probably  from  the 
descriptions  of  the  Greek  tragedians. 
The  winged  genii  on  the  painted  vases 
were  introduced  from  the  Pythagorean 
philosophy,  and  female  divinities  be- 
came lovely  and  gracious  in  the  time 
of  Plato. 

Daedalus  is  the  earliest  sculptor  men- 
tioned, at  least  of  any  note.  He  mea- 
sured the  proportions  of  the  Egyptian 
statues  (whicn  are  seven  heads  and  one 
third  high),  and  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum are  small  bronzes,  supposed,  with 
great  reason,  to  be  copies  of  the  naked 
Hercules  of  Osedalus.  They  have  the 
high  shoulders,  sti  AT  attitudes,  and  slim 
forms  of  the  Egyptian  style.  There  is 
reason  to  think  that  improvement  in 
painting  preceded  that  in  sculpture, 
because  oblique  views  of  objects,  and 
the  veins  of  the  body  and  limbs,  seem 
not  to  have  been  attempted  in  sculp- 
ture before  the  time  of  Phidias,  eignt 
hundred  years  after  that  of  Daedalus. 

We  shall  now  make  an  extract  from 
the  book,  in  detail,  to  show  certain 
eradations  or  processes,  by  which  the 
Greeks  attained  such  wonderful  excel- 
lence : 

"Pamphilus,    the  Macedonian  painter, 


under  whom  Apalles  studied  ten  jmn^  ms 
learned  in  all  literature,  particalarly  arith- 
metic and  geometr;,  without  whieh  he  df 
elared  art  could  not  be  perfected. 

**  How  geometry  rad  arithroetio  were  ap- 
plied to  the  study  of  the  human  figure,  Vi- 
truviut  informs  ut,  from  the  writings  ofitm 
Greek  artists,  perhaps  from  those  of  Pam- 
philus  himself.  A  man  (says  he)  may  be 
so  placed  with  his  arms  and  legs  eitendedt 
that  bis  navel  being  made  the  centre,  a  cir- 
cle can  be  drawn  round  touohing  the  ex- 
tremities of  his  fingers  and  toes. 

**  In  the  like  manner  a  man  standing  up- 
right, with  his  arms  extended,  is  indoaed 
in  a  square,  the  extreme  extent  of  his  arms 
beioff  equal  to  his  height. 

«  How  well  the  ancients  understood  the 
nature  of  balance,  is  proved  by  the  two 
books  of  Archimedes  on  that  subject;  be* 
sides,  it  is  impossible  to  see  the  numevons 
figures  spriDgini;,  jumping,  dancing,  and 
f  Jling,  in  the  Hereulaneum  paintiagay  on 
the  painted  vases,  and  the  antM|tte  beaso  it- 
lievos,  without  being  assursd  that  the  paini* 
ers  and  sculptors  must  have  employed  geo- 
metrical figures  to  determine  the  degrees  of 
curvature  in  the  body,  and  angular  or  recti- 
linear extent  of  the  limbs*  and  to  £x,  the 
centre  of  gravity."    pp.  195»  196, 

We  shall  not  copy  Mr.  Flazman's 
rules  in   p.  1S6,  for  determinios  the 
centre  of  gravity  or  graviutkin  of  the 
human   figure,  in   standing,  rootioQ, 
&c.    nor    his    technical  delineationt, 
though  to  professionists  eminently  oae- 
fiil.    Taste  is  not  an  intuitive  acquiai- 
tion.    No  barbarian  could  devise  a  aa- 
perior  thing  to  the  Parthenon  or  Bd- 
videre  Apollo.     But  a  master  of  all 
the  processes  of  an  art  has  nothing  me- 
chanical further  to  learn,  and  improve* 
ment  grows  out  of  practice,  ana  taile 
out    of   improvement.     Grandeur  of 
sentiment  may  f;row  out  of  heroiam^ 
heroism  out  of  situation ;  and  the  for- 
mer out  of  imagination  in  a  poet,  hoi 
he  is  obliged  first  to  invent  difficvlt 
situation.      But    imaginatioo,    whcce 
the  exhibition  of  it  is  dependent  upon 
artificial  skill,  is  only  the  conceptioii 
of  an  oration  in  the  mind  of  a  aamb 
man.    In  music,  painting,  and  tcolp- 
ture,  practice  is  the  process  of  settatkn 
necessary  to  the  birth  of  gemot;  and 
if  an  all-perfect  offspring  ensue,  it  re- 
duces all  future  professors  to  the  hum- 
ble rank  of  imitators  only :  e.  ff .  it  b 
said  by  Hume,  that  Sir  Isaac  Newton 
has  stopped  all  further  advancement  ia 
mathematics.    The  same  may  he  uid 
of  Greek  sculpture.    It  cannot  be  im* 
proved,  and  *<  f  ennui  du  hemi^'  only 
brings  on**  le  gout  de  singmHtrJ*   Bol 


183a] 


Rbviiw.*— *FUxiDtn*t  Leeiurei  on  SaJptmre. 


•colptort  cannot  fortonately  indulge  in 
the  tantittie,  without,  m  in  the  E^tch 
taste,    eleraiing  execution  abore  de- 
sign, skill  aboTc  genius,  the  mason 
abore  the  architect.  Of  modern  sculp- 
ture, as  having   no  originalitfr,   Mr. 
Flaxraan  accordingly  says  litile.    He 
lays  his  stress  upon  the  mechanism, 
the  practical  part,  and  leaves  attitude, 
gesture,  and   composition,   to  supply 
the  desideratum  of  soul  in  the  physiog- 
nomical and  personal  expression.  Much 
is  to  be  said  in  extenuation.     Nudity 
save  the  Greeks  advantage,  in  throw- 
ing character  and  expression  into  the 
whole  figure,  but  the  unfortunate  mo- 
derns  have  only  face  and   fmsture  in 
their  power,  and  what  would  be  the 
Farnesian   Hercules   without  nudity? 
The  grand  organ  of  expression  is  the 
eye,  but  to  that  neither  sculpture  or 
raintiiig  can  give  the  force  of  nature. 
There  are  only  very  limited  forms  of 
the  visage,  which  can  supply  its  place; 
and  viotcnt  excitement  may  produce 
distortion.  The  desideratum  is  to  cha- 
racterize soul  by  portrait,  to  make  the 
featorrs,  whatever  they  may  be,  denote 
the  mind  of  the  roaA  as  well  as  the 
person.     Hogarth  was  here  especially 
eminent.      He  painted  ethically  and 
biographically ;  and  had  he  possessed 
or  valued    dignity  of    sentiment,    he 
would  have  excelled  in  expression,  be- 
yond past  or  future  rivalry.     But  no* 
thing  could  elevate  him  aoove  vulga- 
rity. Other  moderns  seem  to  have  risen 
no  higher  than  tame  intelligence.    No 
head  of  Chsist  has  ever  equalled  that 
of  the  Belvidere  Apollo ;  and  the  apos- 
tles of  Raphael  in  the  cartoons  are 
sun-burnt   Turks.    The    Last    Judg- 
ment of  Michael  Angelo  is  a  combat 
of  gladiators,  fighting  naked,  and  mere 
dramatic  attitude.     In  the  antique,  na- 
ture is  not  outraged,  and  yet  the  ex- 
pression is   purely  of  an   intellectual 
character.     Nobody  studies  the  details 
of  a  Grecian  bust  or  figure,  because  no 
deformity  or  bad  execution  draws  the 
eye  to  it ;  but  the  attention  is  entirely 
aosorbed  in  the  general  character.     In 
this  pre-eminent  characteristic,   phy- 
siognomical  expression,  we  do  think 
modern   sculpture  deficient.     Further 
apologies   may  be  made.     No  genius 
could  make  a  sod  or  a  hero  out  of  the 
features  of  a  Mandarin,  perhaps  not 
out  of  any  round  face,  pug  nose,  or 
smalt  eyes  whatever;  and  portrait  is 
often  a  cruel  necesMiy  imposed  upon 
sculptors.    Nevertheless  the  bemm  ideal 


Jd9 

may  be  indulged  in  alle^rictl  fisures. 
But  here  u  another  fatlnre.  Nearly 
all  wo  know  are  lanky  thin  girls,  wim 
insipid  oval  countenances,  or  brawny 
porters.  The  Greek  contour,  round 
without  obesity,  seems  to  us  in  the 
former  to  be  utterly  lost ;  and  in  the 
latter,  muscle  ought  to  be  accompa- 
nied with  colossal  stature.  At  the 
same  time,  we  beg  to  be  considered  as 
speaking  from  honest  feelings  only, 
from  actual  impression,  and  we  wish 
that  others  as  ourselves  also  spoke  as 
they  felt.  For  instance,  in  the  famous 
meto))es  of  the  Parthenon,  the  cen- 
taurs in  combat  seem  to  exhibit  no 
more  feeling,  than  men  at  dinner,  not 
in  combat.  They  seem  also  to  be 
round-faced  fellows,  either  in  or  be- 
yond middle  age.  Thus  have  we 
spoken,  dangerou»ly  we  admit  for  our 
reputation  ;  but  we  are*  not  among 
those  who  confound  execution  with 
genius,  mechanism  with  soul,  or  au- 
tomata with  living  beings,  shadows 
with  substances,  and  actors  with  the 
real  persons. 

We  cannot  take  our  leave  of  Mr. 
Flax  man  without  noticing  his  pallia- 
tion of  the  bad  taste  which  disgraced 
the  Greeks,  viz.  painted  sculpture. 
The  practice  was  intended,  as  he  says, 
to  enforce  superstition,  or,  as  we  sup- 
pose, to  give  an  idea  that  the  figure 
represented  was  alive,  or  was  better 
characterized  as  living,  mere  colour- 
less stone  not  being  so  perfect  a  re- 
semblance.   Our  author  says, 

**  We  have  all  bean  ttmck  by  the  retem- 
blance  of  figures  b  coloured  was- work  to 
pertoni  in  life,  and  therefore  such  a  repre- 
•entatioo  is  particularlv  proper  for  the  •imi- 
litode  of  persons  in  fits,  or  the  deceased ; 
bat  the  Olympian  Jupiter  and  Athenian 
Minenm  were  mtended  to  represent  those 
who  were  superior  to  death  and  disease. 
They  were  believed  inmortal,  and  therefiire 
the  stillness  of  these  statues  having  the  co- 
louring of  life  during  tlie  tine  the  spectator 
viewed  them,  would  appear  divinity  in  aw- 
ful abstraction  of  repose.  Their  stupen- 
dous size  alone  was  supernatural;  and  the 
colours  of  life,  without  motion,  increased 
the  sublimity  of  the  statue,  and  the  terror 
of  the  pious  beholder."     P.  S96. 

Now  let  any  man  place  the  Farne- 
sian Hercules  in  full  size  beside  one  of 
the  giants  at  Guildhall  t  or  paint  the 
eyes,  eyebrows,  hair,  &c.  of  the  for- 
mer. Perhaps  he  will  see  in  the  first 
experiment,  that  the  eflfect  is  deterio- 
rated ;  in  the  second,  that  the  colour- 


140 


RBViiw.-'-GrahaiD*8  Poem$4 


[Feb. 


iDg  annihilates  the  effect  of  the  sculp- 
ture; that  it  is  a  rivalry  which  places 
Punch  in  competition  with  Garrick. 

In  conclusion,  we  have  only  to  ob- 
serve, that  Michael  Angelo  does  not 
appear  to  us  to  have  improved  the  art 
of  sculpture,  and  yet  to  have  been  the 
founder  of  the  modern  school.  We 
mean  that  He  has  substituted  attitude 
for  expression,  and  given  to  his  figures 
the  character  of  tumblers.  The  es- 
sence of  his  art  seems  to  consist  in 
sprawling  and  stretching,  and  his 
grouping  in  a  mob  fight.  The  execu- 
tion we  do  not  include  in  this  stricture. 

Flaxman  was  a  justly  eminent  man ; 
and  the  ideas  of  proficients  are  in  every 
art  instructive.  Much  elementary  in- 
struction may  be  gained  from  this 
work,  and  of  course  it  is  addressed  ra- 
ther to  tyros  than  professors.  Perhaps 
we  are  not  fair  critics,  because  we 
think  sincerely  that  the  taste  in  mo- 
dern sculpture  wants  improvement; 
but  by  so  saying,  we  mean  to  derogate 
nothing  from  the  high  merit  of  Flax- 
man,  or  the  value  of  his  excellent  work. 

Poems f  chiefly  historical.  By  the  Rev.  John 
Graham,  M.A.  Rector  qfTamlaght^ard,  in 
the  Diocese  (if  Derry,    Svo.  pp.  358. 

TtlE  Wild  Song  of  Erin  has  been 
long  proverbial ;  and  her  minstrelsy  is 
coeval  with  her  earliest  history.  Her 
bards  and  her  lyric  poets  have  lived  in 
traditional  story,  while  history  itself 
has  failed  to  transmit  to  posterity  the 
names  of  many  of  her  ancient  and 
illustrious  heroes.  The  most  honour- 
able deeds,  or  the  most  important  na- 
tional transactions,  connected  with  her 
early  annals,  had  probably  sunk  into 
eternal  oblivion,  if  the  child  of  song 
hud  not  embodied  them  in  immortal 
verse.  "  Songs  (observes  Lord  Kuimes) 
are  more  operative  than  statutes,  and 
it  matters  little  who  are  the  legislators 
of  a  country,  compared  with  the  writers 
of  its  popular  ballads.*' 

The  name  of  the  author  of  this  col- 
lection of  poems  is  familiar  to  our 
readers,  his  productions  having  fre- 
miemly  appeared  in  the  pages  of  the 
Gentleman's  Magazine.  He  has  been 
long  celebrated  as  a  lyric  )K)et  in  the 
Sister  isle,  and  the  assistance  of  his  pen 
has  often  been  invoked,  on  many  po- 
litical occasions  of  great  local  import- 
ance. His  effusions,  as  connected  with 
the  politics  of  the  day,  have  usually 
l>een  directed  against  the  dogmas  or 
buffooneries  of 'Fojmtv  and  their  abet- 


tors, which,  as  a  matter  of  courae^  haa 
raised  aeaiost  him  nomerous  eaemiea, 
both  religious  and  political.  **  In  a 
country  distracted  as  Ireland  hat  been 
by  the  acerbity  of  party  feelings  (sayi 
tlie  '  Londonderry  Journal'),  where  po^ 
Htics  have  been  used  as  a  stalking- 
horse  to  conceal  the  ulterior  designs  of 
fanatical  and  ambitious  ecclesiastics,  it 
is  next  to  impossible  for  the  man  who 
devotes  himself  to  maintain  the  integ- 
rity of  the  glorious  principles  which 
have  been  transmitted  to  us  by  Re- 
formers and  Martyrs,  always  to  con- 
fine hiuiself  to  the  weapons  which  the 
first  promulgators  of  Christianity  used 
against  its  enemies:  if  he  would  be 
found  faithful,  he  must  stand  upon  the 
tower  of  observation,  and,  watching 
every  movement  of  an  insidious  foe, 
give  the  alarm  the  instant  he  sees  an 
attack  directed  against  any  of  the  bul- 
warks of  his  beloved  citadel.  That 
precitely  has  Mr.  Graham  acted,  and 
we  are  bold  to  affirm,  that,  with  the 
exception  of  his  statistical  labours  for 
the  improvement  of  his  coontry,  and  a 
very  few  of  his  lyrical  pieces,  oif  a  most 
innocent  and  useful  descriptioD,  the 
labours  of  bis  pen  have  been  all  di- 
rected to  subserve  the  interests  of  the 
Reformed  Faith." 

Some  of  the  poems  in  this  collection 
have  alread]^  appeared  in  our  pagot; 
and,  in  particular,  we  notice  the  open- 
ing one  of  "  The  Wolvet  and  the 
Sheep,"  (see  Vol.  xcvi.  ii.  p.  356) 
and  the  concluding  one,  entitled  *'  The 
Popish  Petition  for  1829.".  (See  Vol. 
xcviii.  ii.  p.  2.)  Both  of  these,  at 
satirical  productions,  possess  much  hu- 
mour and  talent.  "  The  lyrical  pieces 
in  this  volume  (says  Mr.  Graham)  are 
the  author's  own  favourites,  and  many 
of  them  have  been  for  some  years  po- 
pular in  Ireland.  During  the  intervals 
of  graver  studies,  they  served  to  re- 
create his  mind,  and  contributed  to 
keep  him  and  those  around  him  cheer- 
ful, at  times  when  some  little  causes 
existed  for  their  being  otherwise." 

We  copy  the  following  little  effosion^ 
as  a  specimen  of  Mr.  Graham's  satirical 
talents : 

AURICULAR   CONFESSION  ANALTSXD. 

«  A  mWj  Priest  in  Eria*i  West, 
With  heavy,  shriving  care  opprest. 
Resolved  to  ease  his  work  distresaiiig. 
By  thus  arranging  those  confessiog  :— 

On  Monday,  aided  by  hii  Friars, 
He  purposed  hearing  all  the  lian  i 


1830.] 


RiTiBvr.— Graham's  Poemi, 


141 


On  ToMcky,  doa«  with  truth-detpifen, 

H«  aaoirooiied  all  lh«  tordki  mbera ; 

()n  W«diiM<U7,  (hoM  who  dealt  in  •kadtr— 

Thanday  for  libnition  and  pander } 

Friday  for  youths  of  bad  repate, 

Aad  Saurday  fur  prottitote. 

Whibt  all  this  prudent  plan  commended. 

He  gained  hit  point — for  moni  Amif  did  !*' 

but  Mr.  Graham's  effusions  are  not 
confined  to  mere  impromptus  or  sa- 
tirical productions.  He  is  evidently 
endowed  with  that  versatility  of  poetic 
tact,  for  which  so  many  of  his  coun- 
trymen have  been  distinguished.  The 
following  stanzas  are  replete  with  po- 
etic feeling,  expressed  in  truly  melo- 
dious language : 

AN   ADIBU. 

**  Farewell,  frail  world,  Tve  proved  thee  well. 

And  ever  found  thee  vain ; 
Of  all  thy  magic,  not  a  sficU 

Remains  to  give  me  pain. 
I've  been  in  camps,  and  glanced  at  Courts, 

Sought  honour,  wealth,  and  fame ; 
But>  a«  the  wisest  man  reports, 

I  found  thee  still  the  same. 

The  soldier's  joy,  the  victor's  pride, 

Are  transient  as  the  gale. 
That  blows  their  pliant  plumes  aside* 

While  passing  hill  or  dale. 
The  thrill  of  pleasure,  when  the  foe 

Begins  in  fear  to  yield. 
Subsides,  before  the  victors  go. 

From  trench  or  tented  neld. 

The  Statesman's  smile,  meant  to  beguile 

The  unsuspecting  heart, 
I've  seen,  like  sunbeam,  shine  awhile. 

And  suddenly  depart. 
The  same  devotedness  to  self, 

Beneath  a  cover  frail, 
Tlie  same  sly  scramble  for  vile  pelf, 

I  've  ever  seen  prevail. 

I  've  heard  the  praise,  that  vainly  sought 

A  word  to  cause  a  fall" 
1  've  seen  the  courtly  smile  full  fraught 

With  bitterness  and  gall. 
I  *ve  seen  the  Lord  of  rank  and  land, 

A  victim  to  despair ; 
And  those  I  who  thousands  could  command, 

*  A  golden  sorrow  wear.' 

I  felt  the  prompt,  yet  heartless  hand, 

Grasp  mine,  ttnd  heard  the  vow 
The  giver  made,  yet  saw  the  brand 

Marked  on  his  braxen  brow. 
I  've  seen  the  Politician's  eye. 

In  well-feigned  frenzy  roll — 
Heard  bow  for  friends  the  man  could  die, 

And  thought  he  had  a  soul ; 

And  yet,  when  tried,  that  eye  I  've  seen 

To  sympathv  quite  deaid 
That  heart,  which  once  so  hoi  had  been, 

As  cold  as  froxen  lead. 


So  tanght,  at  last,  perhapa  too  late. 

On  wings  of  haste  I  fly 
To  this  fair  valley's  deep  retreat — 

Unknown  to  live  and  die. 
Here,  in  the  Bible's  holy  page, 

Some  balm  I  hope  to  find ; 
While  calm  and  happy  tliooghts  engage 

A  renovated  mind. 
In  scenes  all  pastoral  around. 

As  ancient  Eden  fair ; 
Here  on  my  pott  may  I  be  found* 

To  give  the  flock  my  care. 

To  the  rich  pasturage  of  Grace, 

With  haste  the  hungry  bring. 
And  lead  the  thirsty  sheep  apace, 

Tu  drink  at  Sion's  spring. 
May  we,  refreshed  by  food  Divine, 

Sink  to  our  beds  of  clay  ; 
And  rise  affain,  like  stars  to  shine. 

In  redms  of  endless  day." 

The  following  pleasine  and  sportive 
lines,  with  which  we  shall  close  oar 
notices,  were  penned  in  imitation  of  a 
|>oem  written  by  the  celebrated  James 
Graham,  Marquess  of  Montrose : 

"  Unhappy  is  the  man. 

Whose  income  is  confined 
Within  a  narrow  scope 

Uosuited  fo  his  mind ; 

Who  loves  to  live. 

To  take  and  give. 
As  other  people  do ; 

With  o|)en  door. 

To  friend  or  poor. 
To  each  engagement  true ; 

Yet  still  must  bear. 

Distress  and  care, 
The  rich  fool's  vulgar  scorn. 

And  every  day. 

Find  cause  to  say. 
He  grieves  e'er  he  was  bom. 
Thrice  happy  is  the  man 
Who  in  himself  can  find. 

In  every  place. 

The  cheering  grace 
Of  a  contented  mind  ; 

Who  looks  above. 

In  fear  and  love, 
For  happiness  in  store. 

And  reckons  health 

As  greater  wealth 
Titan  banks  of  golden  ore  ; 

With  thoughu  like  these 
He  blessings  sees 
In  every  object  round  ;— 

With  heart  at  reaty 

He  hopes  the  best 
Of  blessings  will  abound. 

The  Lives  of  the  most  emnent  BnUsk 
PamterifSculplartyandArchiieeU,  21^  Al- 
lan Cunningham.  ybl,JL  Murnj. '  IBHO. 

THIS   volume    forms    the   Tenth 
Number  of  ••  The  Family  Libfafy," 


142 


Revibw.— Cunniogfaam's  Lives  of  Bfiiish  Aftists.        [Fd>. 


and  the  second  od  the  subiect  on 
which  it  treats.  It  contains  the  lives 
of  West,  Bany,  Blake,  Opie,  Morland, 
Bird,  and  Fuseli,  written  in  that  lively 
and  agreeable  style  in  which  Mr.  Cun- 
ningham excels.  With  a  fine  feeling 
for  art,  and  with  a  moral  sense  in  its 
healthiest  exercise,  the  author,  with 
admirable  tact,  steers  clear  of  those 
apologies  for  the  degrading  aberrations 
of  men  of  genius  and  talent,  by  which 
pure  biography  has  been  so  much  dis- 
figured. He  knows  how  to  separate 
the  artist  from  the  man;  and  while, 
as  in  Morland,  he  praises  the  painter 
with  the  nicest  discrimination  of  his 
great  and  unrivalled  beauties,  he  shows, 
by  inferences  drawn  from  the  profli- 

fate  habits  of  the  drunkard  and  de- 
auchee,  how  the  loftiest  talents  are 
debased  and  neutralized  by  the  folly 
and  grossness  of  his  life. 

The  life  of  fFesi,  which  commences 
the  volume,  is  undisturbed  by  any  of 
those  associations  of  which  we  have 
spoken.  He  rose  gradually,  and  with 
much  of  royal  patronage,  and  an  even 
course  of  auiet  and  not  undignified 
conduct  ana  demeanour,  to  the  high 
station  of  President  of  the  Royal 
Academy.  We  fully  coincide  with 
Mr.  Cunningham  in  his  estimate  of 
West's  talents  as  a  painter.  His  cri- 
ticism is  as  sound  as  it  is  beautifully 
expressed : 

'*  His  fiffurei  seemed  distended  over  the 
CU1VAS8  bj  line  and  measure,  like  trees  in  a 
l^anUtion.  He  wanted  fire  and  ioiAgination 
to  be  the  true  restorer  of  that  grand  style 
which  bewildered  Barry,  and  was  talked  of 
by  Reynolds.  Most  of  his  works,  cold, 
formal,  bloodless,  and  passionless,  may  re- 
mind the  spectator  of  the  sublime  vision  of 
the  Valley  of  dry  Bones,  where  the  flesh  and 
skin  had  come  upon  the  skeletons,  and  k>efore 
the  breath  of  God  bad  informed  them  with 
life  and  feeling.'* 

The  following  anecdote  is  a  curious 
account  of  West's  first  school  of  paint- 
ing: 

**  When  he  was  some  eight  years  old,  a 
party  of  roaming  Indians  paid  their  summer 
visit  to  Springfield,  and  were  much  pleased 
with  the  rude  sketches  which  the  boy  had 
made  of  birds,  and  fi'uits,  and  flowers,  for  in 
such  drawings  many  <^  the  wild  Americans 
have  both  taste  aad  skill.  They  showed  him 
some  of  tbeir  own  workmanship,  and  taught 
him  how  to  prepare  the  red  and  yellow 
colours  with  which  they  stained  their  wea- 
pons ;  to  these  his  mother  added  indi;;o, 
and  thus  he  was  possessed  of  the  three 
primary  colours.    The  Indians,  unwilling  to 


leave  siich  a  boy  in  ignoraoce  of  their  other 
acqoirementa,  taught  him  arehery,  in  vhieh 
he  became  expert  enough  to  thooi  nliraetory 
birds,  which  refused  to  eome  on  mildtr  terms 
for  their  likenesses.  The  future  Praaidant 
of  the  British  Academy,  taking  laesona  in 
painting  and  in  archery,  from  a  tribe  of 
Cherokeet,  might  be  a  subject  worthy  of  ths 
pencil." 

The  life  of  Barry  is  pregnant  with 
materials  for  sad  and  solemn  medita* 
tion.  With  a  fondness  for  his  art  bat 
faintly  expressed  by  the  word  entha- 
siasm,  the  infirmity  of  bis  temper  de- 
feated his  highest  aspirations ;  and  he 
who,  but  with  common  prudence  and 
a  manly  compliance  witn  established 
customs,  mignt  have  done  more  for 
himself  and  his  art  than  almost  any 
other  painter  of  the  last  century,  li?ed 
in  sullen  penury,  and  is  now  almost 
forgotten.  Mr.  Cunningham  has  se- 
lected wiih  much  judsment  from  the 
previous  biographers  oi  this  intemperate 
man,  and  has  arranged  his  materials 
with  skill. 

Of  Blake,  the  visioiury,  we  hardly 
know  how  to  speak:  he  appears  lo 
have  been  an  amiable  enthusiast,  on 
the  wrong  side  of  the  line  of  demarce* 
tion  as  it  respected  his  sanity.  **  Hit 
fancy  overmastered  him,*'  sm  Mr.C; 
until  he  at  length  confounded  *'  the 
mind's  eye"  with  the  corporeal  organ, 
and  dreamed  himself  out  of  the  sym- 
pathies of  actual  life.  The  followios 
absurdity  is  recorded  of  him ;  end  his 
friend,  Mr.  Varley,  has  authenticated 
the  story  by  giving  an  engraving  of  the 
"  Spirilualitaiion,**  in  his  equally  ab- 
surd volume  on  "  Astrological  l4iysi- 
ognomy." 

**  He  closed  the  book,  and  talung  oat  a 
small  panel  from  a  private  dimwer,  said,  '  thii 
is  the  last  which  I  shall  ahow  yon:  hot  it  b 
the  greatest  curiosity  of  all.  Only  look  at 
the  splendour  of  the  eolourfa^p  aad  the 
original  character  of  the  thing ! '  'I  see/ 
said  I,  '  a  naked  figure  with  a  strong  body 
and  a  short  neck ;  with  homing  eyes  vliioB 
long  for  moisture,  and  a  fiiee  worthy  of  a 
murderer,  holding  a  bloody  cup  in  its  elavad 
hands,  out  of  which  it  seems  eager  to  drialu 
I  never  saw  any  shape  so  strange,  nor  did  I 
ever  see  any  colouring  so  curiously  splendid 
— a  kind  of  glistening  green  and  dusky  gold* 
beautifully  varnished.  But  what  in  Um  vofla 
is  it  ?'  <'  It  is  a  ghost.  Sir— the  ghoat  of  a 
flea — ^a  spiritualization  of  the  thing !'  *  Ha 
saw  this  in  a  vision,  then,'  I  aatd.  *  I'll 
tell  you  all  about  it.  Sir.  I  called  on  lilm 
one  evening,  and  found  Blake  more  than 
usually  excited.  He  tokl  me  had  eeea  a 
wonderful  thing— the  gliott  vf  aflea.'  '  And 


ISSOl]        Rituw. — Cunningham's  Lioa  of  BrilM  Ariitis, 


H3 


did  TOO  makt  a  dnviiig  of  him  ? '  I  iaqnirtd. 
*  Nn,  indeed/  idd  he  j  <  I  wUh  I  bad;  hoi 
I  shall  if  he  appear*  again ! '  He  looked 
earnettlj  into  a  comer  of  the  room,  end 
then  said  *  Here  he  ia— >reach  me  mr  thinct 
— I  ihall  keep  my  eye  on  him.  There  be 
comet!  his  eager  tongue  whiskint;  out  of 
hit  mouth,  a  cup  in  hb  hand  to  hold  blood, 
and  covered  witli  a  tealj  tkin  of  gold  and 
green ! '  At  he  described  him  so  he  drew  him." 

The  Life  of  O/ne  it  well  compiled. 
The  anecdotes  of  hit  e«rly  life  are  ft* 
miliar  to  all  our  readers.  Against  that 
in  which  Opie  is  represented,  when  a 
boy,  as  kindlinfi;  the  indignation  of  hit 
father  that  he  might  paint  Mm  with 
^  '*  eyet  lighted  op,'*  tne  moral  tense 
which  we  hafe  praised  in  Mr.  Cun- 
ningham recoils,  and  he  rebukes  the 
offender  in  a  fine  tone  of  calm  expostu- 
lation. 

Mr.  C.  tomt  up  the  character  of 
Opie  at  a  painter,  in  the  following 
passage,  and  it  is  just. 

'         "  He  is  not  a  leader,  perhape,  but  neither 
I  it  he  the  tenrile  follower  of  any  man,  or  any 

school.  Hit  original  deficiency  of  imagina- 
tion, no  labour  could  ttrengthen,  and  no 
ttudy  raate.  Hit  model  mattered  him,  and 
he  teemed  to  want  the  power  of  elevating 
what  it  mean,  and  of  tubttituting  the  elegant 
for  the  vulgar.  Opie  taw  the  common  but 
not  the  poetic  nature  of  hit  tubjectt :  he 
htd  no  vitioot  of  the  grand  and  heroic. 
Hit  pencil  could  strike  out  a  rough  and 
manly  Cromwell,  but  wat  unfit  to  cope  with 
the  dark  tnhtle  tpirit  of  a  Vane,  or  the 

Krincely  eye  and  bearioff  of  a  Falkland  or 
lootroee.  Hb  ttrength  lay  in  boldness  of 
effect,  simplicity  of  compotition  in  artiest 
attitudes,  and  in  the  vivid  portraiture  of  in« 
dividual  nature.*' 

"The  annals  of  genius  record  not  a 
more  deplorable  story  than  Mor land's.*' 
It  is  a  sickening  detail  of  gifts  and  ta- 
lents, which  might  have  raised  their 
possessor  to  companionship  with  the 
magnates  of  the  land,  employed  but 
as  the  ministers  of  folly  the  most 
egregious,  and  rice  the  most  detesta- 
ble. Mr.  Cunningham  has  recorded 
the  following  anecdote,  we  are  sure 
as  an  apolo^  for  the  artist  seeking 
occasions  for  hit  pencil  in  the  lowest 
grades  of  society  ;  it  is  evident  that  the 
man*s  taste  lay  in  this  road,  and  out 
of  such  associations  he  extracted  ma- 
terials for  the  exercise  of  his  art. 

"  A  friend  once  Ibvnd  him  at  Freth  water- 
gate,  in  a  low  poblic-hoose  called  7^  Cabin. 
sailors,  rottict,  and  fithermen,  were  teated 
round  him  m  a  kind  of  ring,  the  roolbet 
rMg  viih  Hogbter  aadsoBg ;  aad  Moriaad, 


with  nantfeat  rehietance,  left  their  oom- 
pany  for  the  conversation  of  hb  friend. 
'  George,'  taid  hit  monitor, '  you  most  have 
reatont  for  keeping  such  company.'  '  Rea- 
sons, and  good  onet,'  taid  the  artbt  laogb- 
iog,  *tee — where  could  I  find  auch  a  picture 
of  life  at  that,  unlete  among  the  originalt  of 
The  Cabin  ?'  He  held  op  hb  tketch-boolc 
and  thowed  a  correct  deliueation  of  the  very 
tcene  in  which  he  had  to  lately  been  tha 
presiding  tpirit.  One  of  hit  bMt  pictaret 
contains  this  ^-simile  of  the  tap-room* 
with  its  guests  and  furniture." 

Bird  is  best  known  by  his  pathetic 
picture  of  *•  Chevy  Chace.'*  We  re- 
member to  have  seen  it  at  the  British 
Institution,  and  many  bright  eyes,  at 
they  rested  on  the  mournful  story,  gave 
the  best  proof  of  the  triumph  of^the 
painter;  it  is  a  picture  over  which  the 
eye  can  scarcely  "  wander  dry.'*  Bird 
was  a  Bristol  man ;  he  was  misled  br 
evil  admirers,  aiul  deserting  the  patn 
of  his  early  success,  he  followed  '*  the 
will  o'  the  wisp  of  pageant  painting* 
which  led  to  the  slough  of  despond,  to 
despair,  and  the  grave." 

The  last  in  the  volume  is  the  life  of 
Fuseli,  and  contains  more  of  original 
matter  than  either  of  the  former.  Fu« 
seli  had  more  learning  than  any  artist 
of  our  country,  and  what  it  not  alwayt 
a  concurring  quality,  he  had  more  ima- 
gination. He  was  not  displeased  to 
be  termed  "  Painter  in  ordinary  to  the 
Devil."  "The  wings  of  his  fancy," 
says  Mr.  Cunningham,  "  were  some- 
times a  little  too  strong  for  his  judg- 
ment, and  brought  upon  him  the  re- 
proach of  extravagance,  an  error  to 
rare  in  British  art,  that  it  almost  be- 
comes a  virtue.'* 

Fuseli  had  a  sovereign  contempt  for 
portrait  painting  and  connoisseurs ;  he 
had  imbibed  too  deeply  that  spirit 
which  had  shadowed  the  startling  pro- 
ductions of  Michael  Angelo;  his  ima- 
gination was  too  fervid  for  the  age  in 
which  he  lived,  and  while  the  paint- 
ers of  the  realities  of  life  were  reaping 
the  harvest,  the  conceptions  of  FuseU 
remained  on  his  hands  not  altogether 
without  admirers,  but  the  purcnatcn 
were  few  and  far  between. 

The  life  of  Fuseli  has  been  carefully 
written,  and  contains  many  passages  of 
great  and  striking  beauty. 

We  recommend  the  volume  at  one 
of  great  interest  to  the  general  reader, 
and  as  a  manual  to  be  studied  by  the 
artist,  not  lets  for  his  moral  improve- 
ment than  for  his  advantage  in  the 
panuil  he  hat  chosen. 


144 


Review.— Af«woir«  o/  the  Tower  of  London. 


[Feb. 


Memoirs  of  the  Tower  of  Londoriy  comprising 
historical  and  descriptive  Accounts  of  that 
national  Fortress  and  Palace;  Anecdotes  of 
State  Prisoners,  of  the  Armouries^  Jewels, 
RegaliaSy  Records,  Menagerie,  ^c.  By 
John  Britton,  andE,  W.  Brayley,  FF.A.S. 
EmkeUished  with  Engravings  on  fVood, 
Post  8fo,  pp,  875. 

THREE  years  have  expired  since 
we  passed  over  the  decapitating  quarter 
of  Ix)ndon  ; — visions  of  headless  trunks 
flitted  before  our  eyes,  and  we  instinc- 
tively put  our  hands  to  our  chini,  to 
feel  if  all  was  safe.  The  fortress,  too 
-—once  it  was  the  man  in  armour  in 
Lord  Mayor's  show — once  with  its  un- 
encumbered circuit  of  walls  and  towers, 
and  noble  keep,  it  had  the  aspect  of  a 
real  castle*,  as  grand  as  Caernarvon  or 
Conway,  as  superb  and  picturesque  an 
ornament  to  the  eastern  end  of  the  me- 
tropolis, as  the  Abbey  is  to  the  western. 
So  it  might  have  remained  without 
impairing  its  utility,  had  there  been  a 
tasteful  and  consistent  disposition  of 
the  interior.  Oh  !  that  another  Samp- 
son would  arise,  and  carry  off  all  the 
modern  incongruities  on  his  shoulders, 
like  the  gates  of  Gaza,  provided  he 
first  put  the  records  in  his  pf»cket. 

^  e  have  gone  amply  into  the  sub- 
ject of  this  memorable  fortress,  in  our 
notices  of  Mr.  Bayley's  original  His- 
tory, and  Messrs.  Allen  and  Brayley's 
respective  accounts  of  London.  We 
continue  to  believe,  that  it  was  origi- 
nally a  British  fortress  of  succeeding 
Roman  occupation,  and  retained  by 
the  subsequent  Sovereigns  of  this  realm, 
as  a  citadel,  to  which  they  might  fly 
for  refuge,  and  by  which  they  might 
overawe  the  intractable  Londoners. 
It  is  true  that  there  is  an  hialus  in  part 
of  the  historical  evidence  of  these  facts 
during  a  certain  period  ;  but  it  is  a 
rule  in  evidence,  that  where  written 
documents  do  not  exist,  usage  is  to  be 
received  ;  and  as  Fitz  Sieplien,  in  the 
time  of  Henry  II.  calls  it  **  Arx  Pala- 
tina,"  so  we  would  not  aflirm  that 
there  had  not  been  a  Roman  castle 
here,  like  that  of  Colchester ;  for  be- 
sides the  ingot  of  Honorius  discovered, 
and  the  adjacent  Roman  wall,  it  is 
known  that  Cold  harbour  is  a  term  in- 
dicative of  Roman  stations.  Now  there 
was  a  place  called  Col-hirborutce,  near 
the  Wiiile  Tower  (p.  322).  And  on 
the  south  side  of  the  latter,  have  been 

*  Ste  Ag^as's  View  of  London,  temp. 
Eliz. 


excavated    old    foundations   of   stone 
three  yards  wide. 

«  The  non-existence  of  such  a  ttnictiire 
(say  our  authors),  after  the  estincUoa  of 
the  imperial  power  iu  Britain,  may  be  pre- 
sumed from  tne  silence  of  the  writer  of  the 
Saxon  Chronicle,  and  other  early  annalUta* 
who,  although  they  make  frequent  allusioii 
to  the  City,  Port,  and  Walls  of  London, 
during  the  wars  of  the  Danes  and  Saxons, 
do  not  mention  the  Tower,  or  any  fSortreas 
in  that  situation,  previous  to  the  time  of 
the  Norman  Invasion.'*     P.  d. 

Now  this  cannot  be  admitted ;  for 
the  Saxon  Chronicle  says,  that  in  the 
year  886,  jefette  ^Ippeb  cynin^ 
LiOnben-bup^,  i.  e.  King  Alfred  re- 
stored Lundenburg ;  and  fixed  a  gar- 
rison there.  Castles,  among  the  Anglo- 
Saxons,  were  called  burgs,  not  castles 
or  towers.  Whoever  consults  the 
Chronicle,  will  find  that  between  the 
years  912,  and  915,  nine  castles  are 
mentioned,  and  that  they  are  alt  called 
burgs  or  burhs.  Indeed,  the  Latinism  ^ 
castle  was  not  used  by  them ;  at  least* 
not  in  the  seras  alluded  to.  If  it  be 
said  that  burgh  or  burh,  merely  implied 
a  walled  town,  we  reply,  that  we 
never  heard  of  any  such  town  without 
a  castle;  and  that  here  the  Roman 
wall  ioined  on  to  the  Toveer,  which 
completed  the  communication  with 
the  river.  Our  authors  seem  to  have 
understood  the  word  burgh,  in  its  mo- 
dern sense  of  borough,  that  is,  a  cor- 
porate town,  not  in  that  of  the  Anglo- 
Saxons.  We  now  give  a  curious  in* 
stance  of  their  distinction  of  Lunden/^ 
burgh,  from  Lunden  (without  burgh), 
though  the  same  town. 

Lundenbyrig  or  Lundenburght  oc- 
curs under  the  years  457t  861*  B?^, 
886,  894,  896,  9l«,  992,  c^,  in  con- 
nection with  military  matters,  alnioat 
exclusively,  but  there  are  one  or  two 
instances  of  a  civil  application. 

In  the  year  101^,  a  parliament  is 
said  to  have  been  holden  at  Lunden- 
byrig,  after  which  Lunden  only  appears 
to  have  been  used. 

Lunden,  down  to  the  years  839.  ia 
limited  to  Ecclesiastical  concerns ;  but 
in  that  year,  and  883,  and  1013,  ihera 
are  exceptions  connected  with  the  mi* 
litary  history ;  nevertheless,  the  eccle- 
siastical application  occurs  again  in  the 
years  898,  957f  and  96 1. 

In  the  year  IOO9,  )>a  buph  Lunbene 
appears. 

In  short,  we  think  that  the  Tower 
was  included  with   the  walla  of  ibc 


1S30.]  RiriBW.-*Jlfafioir«  of  the  Tower  of  London, 


145 


Citj,  under  the  generic  term  hurfht 
for  the  tilence  of  ancient  bistoriantt  u 
to  anj  specific  dbiinction,  amounts  to 
nothing,  because  they  never  used  any 
such  discriminating  term  as  cattle; 
and  as  to  omissions,  Simeon  of  Dur- 
ham mentions  conflagrations  of  the 
City,  under  the  jrears  7g8,  80 J,  Q%9^ 
which  the  Saxon  Chronicle  does  not 
notice. 

Histories  of  the  ToWer,  of  course, 
consist  of  accounts  of  the  different 
buildings  ;  of  the  officers  and  prisoners ; 
of  events  connected  with  the  National 
history ;  and  of  its  present  stale  as  an 
arsenal  and  garrison.  In  all  these 
matters,  the  book  before  us  is  most  sa- 
tisfactdrily  written. 

Three  events  are  matters  of  contro- 
versy, oamelv,  the  murders  (if  they 
were  such)  or  Henrv  VI.,  the  Duke  of 
CUreoce,  and  Euward  V.  and  his 
brother. 

The  first  is  supposed,  upon  rea- 
sonable grounds,  to  have  died  a  na- 
tural death,  his  constitution  being 
sickly.  The  singulariiv  of  the  drown- 
ing story  has  awakened  suspicion  con- 
cerning Clarence  ;  aud  writers  of  suitable 
qualifications  have  presumed  that  Per- 
kin  Warbeck  was  actually  Edward  the 
FiAh.  Great  difficulties  attend  the 
latter  story.  The  fullest  and  most  ac- 
cordant evidence  concerning  the  secret 
asaasainatioo,  ia  collected  by  our  in- 
dtmrtoas  authors;  but  this  b  again 
eoaoterbalanced  by  the  reception  whifeh 
Perk  in  naet  with,  especially  his  mar- 
risM  with  the  daughter  of  a  powerful 
nobleoian.  James  III.  who  made  the 
match,  according  to  every  rational  pre« 
sumption,  would  not  thus  have  pntro- 
nizcd  an  impostor,  because  such  a 
measure  implied  more  than  |x>liiical 
feeline,  was  unnecessary,  and  an  un- 
provoked insult  to  a  noble  relative. 
Nothing  therefore  is  certain,  but  that 
the  story  is  still  involved  in  apparently 
irretrievable  perplexity. — Of  the  murder 
story  further  i>of/ea. 

It  seems  from  p.  327»  that  the  De- 
vereux  Tower  was,  in  the  reign  of 
Henrr  the  Eighth,  called  «  Robin  the 
Devyrs  Tower,**  of  the  oriffin  of  which 
epithela  no  account  has  been  given. 
Robert  the  Devil  (a  Duke  of  Nor- 
mandy) was  a  favourite  metrical  ro- 
mance in  the  days  of  Henry  the  Se- 
venth, but  be  lived  before  the  Con- 
quest, and  was  an  immediate  ancestor 
of  William  the  First  and  Second. 

QiMT.  Mao.  Peirumry,  1 130. 


Under  the  article  ««  Bloody  Ttmer,** 
we  have  this  paragragb : 

<*  Not  the  IcMt  cradit  it  due  to  the  lagtnd 
which  repretcott  this  tovar  as  the  scene  of 
th«  murder  of  Edward  the  FifUi  aod  the 
Duke  of  York ;  nor  yet  to  the  tale  of  the 
booM  of  those  ill* fated  yoothi  having  been 
fouud  in  Charles  the  Second's  reign,  beneath 
the  little  ttair-caie  that  leads  to  the  gloomy 
chambers  of  the  superstroetnre.  That  bones 
were  found  is  true;  yet  die  discovery  was 
not  made  here,  but  at  the  depth  of  several 
foet  below  the  stairs  leading  to  the  Chapel 
in  the  PfliUe  Tower,  The  propriety  of  as* 
signing  those  remains  to  the  yonog  Princes, 
was  in  the  highest  degree  questionable." 
P.  847. 

Now  SO  far  from  this  appropriation 
deserving  so  severe  a  remarit,  it  is  the 
only  circumstantial  evidence  which 
supports  the  murder-story,  and  was 
very  fairly  used.  Sir  Thomas  More, 
who  wrote  about  two  hundred  years 
before  the  bones  were  found,  says, 

'<  They  [the  assassins]  laid  the  bodies 
out  upon  the  bed,  and  fetched  James  Terril 
to  see  them,  which  when  he  saw  them  per- 
fectly dead,  he  caused  the  murtherers  to 
burye  them  at  the  stayrt  fooU^  metely  dtepe 
in  the  groumle,  under  a  great  heape  ofshmtSm 

<*  Tyrrel,  having  performed  his  task,  rode 
to  tlie  King,  and  snowed  him  all  the  manner 
of  the  murther,  who  gave  him  great  thaokes» 
aud  as  men  saye,  there  made  hym  Knighte, 
but  he  allowed  not  their  bnriall  in  so  vile  a 
corner,  saying  that  he  would  have  then 
buried  in  a  better  p1ace»  because  they  were 
a  Kynges  sonnes.  Whereupon  a  priest  of 
Sir  Robert  Brakenburies  tokt  them  up  and 
buried  them  in  such  a  place  secretly ,  as  by 
the  oeeasMMi  of  bis  death  (which  was  very 
shortly  after)  the  very  tnieih  could  never 
et  be  very  well  and  perfightly  kaowea." 
p.  44,  45. 

Now  Sir  Robert  Brakenbury  being 
Constable  of  the  Tower,  and  this  Priest 
in  his  service,  what  improbability  is 
there  (under  admission  of  the  uict) 
that  the  staircase  leading  to  the  Chapel 
was  not  the  place  to  which  the  priest 
removed  the  nones,  especially  as  inter* 
ment  at  the  feet  of  stairs  seems  to  have 
been  deemed  an  unsuspected  plaecj 
and  therefore  more  secret. 

We  have  before  spoken  of  the  cha* 
racter  of  this  work.  The  book  is  ele« 
gantly  got  up,  and  the  wood-cuts  are 
numerous  and  interesting;  but  in  that 
of  the  trial  of  the  Seven  Bishops  there 
ia  an  anachronism.  They  appear  in 
modern  wigs.  Among  the  portraits  at 
Lambeth,  Archbishop  Tillotson  is  the 


f 


7 


Review.— Moore's  Life  of  Lord  Byron. 


146 

first  who  appears  in  a  wig.  It  re- 
sembles his  natural  hair,  and  is  with- 
out powder* 

Letters  and  Journals  of  Lord  Byron,  with 
notices  of  his  Lfe.    By  Thomas  Moore. 
9  vols.  4/0.     Murray. 
SUCH  is  the  modest  tide  given  to 
these  volumes,  accompanied  by  a  pre- 
face in  the  same  spirit;  and  indeed, 
throughout  the  work,  there  is  a  careful 
and  an  almost  ovcrsiudious  design  of 
keeping   down    the    biographer,   and 
elevating  the  subject.    The  book  is  an 
(entertaining  one,  abounding  in  anec- 
dote, and  for  the  first  time  the  noble 


[Feb. 


greater  his  sins  against  decency  and 
decorum,  the  more  pointed  were  hb 
attempts  to  make  decorum  and  decency 
ridiculous. 

The  "  rool  of  the  matter  was  wiihm  " 
— he  hated  Religion  because  the  de- 
nounced his  vices — he  was  an  infidel, 
but  it  was  the  *'  unbelief  of  an  evil 
heart,'*  not  of  an  inquiring  mind.  Hb 
poetry,  with  all  its  beauty,  might  well 
be  spared,  if  we  could  so  remove  the 
mischief  it  has  effected,  and  we  are 
now  unhappily  to  lament  another  of- 
fence to  morals,  b]^  this  elaborate  <spo- 
sore  of  his  most  irreligiout  life.  We 
will  not  shrink  from  this  avowal  of  oor 
honest  and  deliberate  opinion.    With 


bard  is  fairly  arraigned  at  the  bar  of    3^    ii^e    kind  hearted  ness  which   Mr 
public  opinion.     When  we  say /air/y,     Moore  has  brought  to  his  labour,  and 


we  would  not  be  understood  as  speak- 
ing of  the  impartiality  of  the  advocate, 
for  there  is  neither  vice  nor  failing 
which  Mr.  Moore  does  not  refer  to 
some  extenuating  circumstance,  but 
out  of  his  own  mouth,  as  it  were,  the 
character  of  Lord  Byron  may  now  be 
estimated,  and  we  can  now  speak  of 
him  from  "  his  own  showing.'' 

It  is  not  our  intention  to  add  an- 
other to  the  many  dissertations  that 
have  been  written  on  the  moral  and 
poetical  character  of  this  celebrated 
man.     Well  has  it  been  said, 

"  that  all  the  pious  daties  which  we  owe 
Our  parents,  friends,  our  country,  and  our 

God, 
The  seeds  of  every  virtue  here  below 
From  discipline  alone,    and  early  culture 

grow." 

This  moral  discipline,  this  early  cul- 
ture.  Lord  Byron   never  knew.     His 
first  years  were  without  that  firm  yet 
gentle  guidance  which  might  but  have 
restrained   his    sullen   and   passionate 
temper,  a  temper  indulged  until  it  be- 
came his  master  —  and,  borrowing  a 
phrase  from  his  classical  recollections, 
he  is  perpetually  complaining  of"  eat- 
ing his  own  heart."     His  warfare  was 
a(^ainst  established  customs  and  opi- 
nions ;  there  was  nothing  too  sacred 
for  the  exercise  of  his  sarcasm  ;  morals 
and  religion,  man's  honour,  and  wo- 
man's delicacy,   were  perpetually  the 
butt  of  his  wit  or  his  humour.     His 
splendid  talents  were  prostituted  to  the 
worst  purposes,  and  the  most  demo- 
ralizing opinions  were  supported   by 
the  worst  example.     If  tried  by  the 
standard   of   reason    or   religion,    his 
career  must  be  pronounced  to  have 
been  one  reckless  profligacy  3  and  the 


with  all  that  cunning  web  of  sopbisUy 
by  which  he  has  sought  to  hide  Lord 
Byron's  vices,  still  the  author  of  Childe 
Harold's  own   handwriting  is  aajUMl 
him.     Many  of  his  letters  are  the  re- 
cords of  opinions  and  pursuits  deroga- 
tory alike  to  his  birth,  his  station,  and 
his  talents.     It  is  worse  than  idle-— it 
is  wicked  to  cry  "  peace  where  there 
is  no  peace."     The  charity  for  which 
Mr.  Moore  contends,  ought  never  10 
be  employed  in   making  the  ^  worse 
appear  the  better."    Our  hope  is,  that 
the  God  whom  he  denied,  and  the  re- 
ligion he  despised,  may  have  reached 
his  heart  before  he  exchanged  time  for 
eternity.    This  is  our  charity,  and  if 
oor  hope  were  realised,  then  would 
this  volume  be  an  offence  to  hia  aie« 
mory,  and  nothing  but  a  meFcenary 
feeling  could  have  induced  its  [mblicaF- 
tion,  at  least  in  this  shape.    Yetoot  of 
the  jarring  elements  of  which  it  is 
composed,  there  is  much  to  excite  oar 
interest  and  our  admiration.     As  the 
poet  said  of  his  own  Corsair,  "  all  is 
not  evil" — and  after  delivering  oar  gpe* 
neral  opinion,  in  which  we  feel  our- 
selves borne  out  by  the  contents  of  the 
volume,   we  will   not  return  to  this 
part  of  our  subject,  but  content  our- 
selves with  passages  which  may  be  ex- 
tracted without  onence,  and  comment^ 
ed  on  without  pain. 

Respecting  the  childhood  of  Lord 
Byron,  Mr.  Moore  has  been  more  than 
sufficiently  minute  in  his  researches. 
The  anecdotes  recorded  of  him  during 
his  probation  in  Scotland,  are  no  other* 
wise  interesting  than  as  partaking  in  « 
degree  of  that  mixture  of  wilhiliicas 
and  generosity  which  characterised  hia 
after-life.    The  title  descended  to  bin 


1830.1 


Rbvibw.— Moore*8  L%f9  of  Lord  Byron, 


147 


in  his  tenth  year;  and  we  agree  with 
his  biographer  in  thinliing  tnat,  had 
he  been  left  to  struggle  on  for  ten 
years  longer  as  plain  George  Byron, 
he  would  have  been  the  better  tor  it. 
Soon  afier  his  arrival  from  Scotland, 
he  was  placed  under  the  care  of  Dr. 
Glennie,  a  schoolmaster  of  Dulwich  ; 
and  from  thence  he  was  removed  to 
Harrow,  in  his  14th  year.  Of  his 
studies  and  employinenta  at  a  public 
school,  he  has  himself  afforded  some 
Ycry  lirely  sketches.  He  does  not  re- 
present himsdf  as  having  been  popular, 
nor  were  the  friendships  he  formed 
there  of  a  very  permanent  character. 

Of  that  romantic  attachment  which 
in  his  own  opinion  tank  so  deep  as  to 
give  a  colour  to  his  future  life,  Mr. 
Moore  has  given  a  very  pleasing  ac- 
count. The  age  of  the  lady  was 
eighteen.  Lord  Byron  was  two  years 
younger ;  that  he  drank  deeply  ot  the 
fascination,  there  can  be  no  doubt ; 
bnt  an  **  idolatrous  fancy**  had  great 
share  in  the  homage  paid  to  the  divinity 
—-she  was  the  subject  of  many  a  poeti- 
cal dream,  and  what  imagination  has 
thus  sanctified,  he  believed  to  have 
been  influential  beyond  its  real  power. 

At  seventeen  he  entered  at  Trinity 
Oollege,  Cambridge.  His  feelings  to- 
wards his  Alma  Mater  do  not  amtear 
to  have  been  very  affectionate.  There 
are  some  of  his  letters  published  about 
this  time  also,  in  which  his  natural 
parent  is  treated  with  much  coarseness. 
She  was,  to  be  sure,  a  woman  of 
violent  temper,  and  their  disputes  at- 
tained a  height  which  could  only 
6nd  an  appropriate  similitude  in  the 
••  tempest  *'  and  the  •*  hurricane.** 

*<  It  ifl  told  at  ft  curious  proof  nf  each 
other's  Tioleoce,'*  Myt  Mr.  Moore,  "  that 
after  natrtin^  ooe  evening  in  a  tempest  of 
this  kind,  they  were  known  each  to  go  that 
night  privately  \n  the  apothecary's,  inquir- 
ing aoxiouslj  whether  the  other  liad  t>ecn 
to  purchase  pobou,  and  cautioninj^  tlia 
vender  of  drugs  not  lo  attend  to  such  an 
application,  itnada." 

The  idea  of  printing  his  poems,  is 
stated  to  have  first  occurred  to  him 
thus : 

**  Miss  Pigot,  who  was  not  before  awara 
of  his  turn  for  vcraifyinz,  had  been  reading 
aloud  the  poems  of  oums,  when  young 
Byron  said,  *  that  he  too  was  a  Poet  some- 
times, and  wouki  write  down  for  her  soma 
veraes  of  his  own  which  he  rememberad. 
Ha  tbta  with  a  peacil  wrose  three  liaasf  be- 
giaaiagy  *  la  tbaa  I  ibodlj  hoped  to  clasp«' 


which  were  printed  ia  hia  Urst  uapablisKed 
volume,  but  are  not  contained  in  tlie  edi^ews 
that  followed.  He  also  repeated  to  her  the 
verses  *  When  in  the  hall  my  father's  voice*' 
so  remarkable  for  the  anticipations  of  hia 
future  fame,  that  glimmer  tnrough  them. 
From  this  moment  the  desire  of  appearing 
ia  print  took  entire  poeacstioo  m  him, 
though  for  the  present  his  ambition  did  not 
extend  its  views  bevood  a  small  volume  for 
prirate  circulation. 

The  notices  of  Lord  Byron  at  this 
period  are  animated  and  interesting, 
but  are  more  so  perhaps  when  read 
with  reference  to  what  he  afterwards 
became,  than  as  varying  (with  tlic  ex- 
ception of  his  poetry^  from  the  life  of 
any  other  man  of  fasfiion.  He  affected 
an  indifference  to  his  volume,  which 
he  did  not  feel  —  and  he  evidently 
and  naturally  relished  the  encomiums 
which  private  friendship  and  profes- 
sional criticism  bestowed  upon  his 
poetry. 

We  have  expressed  our  intention  of 
abstaining  from  any  further  allusion  to 
that  gloomy  scepticism  which  took 
such  early  root  in  the  mind  of  Lx>rd 
Byron ;  but  we  mention  it  now,  to 
state  that  the  subject  is  noticed  by  Mr. 
Moore  in  a  very  affecting  way,  ho- 
nourable alike  to  his  own  principles, 
and  to  that  friendship  for  Lord  Byron 
which  refers  with  a  true  feeling  of 
sorrow  this  melancholy  temperament 
to  the  absence  of  that  controul  which 
his  mssions  and  his  pride  most  required 
at  tnis  period  of  his  life.  The  passage 
is  somewhat  long,  but  we  will  give  it, 
in  justice  to  all  parlies,  entire : 

*<  It  is  but  rarely  that  infidelity  or  seep* 
ticisro  finds  an  entrance  into  youthful  minds. 
Tliat  readiness  to  take  the  future  upon  trust, 
which  is  the  charm  of  this  period  of  lilci 
woukl  naturallv,  indeed,  make  it  the  season 
of  belief  as  well  as  of  liope.  There  are  also 
then,  still  fresh  in  tlie  mind,  the  impressions 
of  early  religious  culture,  which,  even  ia 
those  who  liegio  soonest  to  question  their 
faith,  give  way  but  slowly  to  the  encroach- 
ments of  doubt,  and,  ia  the  OMan  tiBMf  ex- 
tend the  lienefit  of  their  atoral  restraiat 
over  a  portion  of  lifi  whea  it  is  ackaowledgad 
such  reatiaiats  are  nMst  aacessaiy.  If  ex- 
emption from  the  ehecks  of  rsligton  be,  aa 
iafidcla  theaiselves  allow,  a  state  of  freedom 
from  reapoosibility  daageroos  at  all  ttaiea, 
it  must  be  peculiarly  so  in  that  season  of 
temptation,  youth,  whan  the  passions  are 
solBeiently  deposed  to  usurp  a  latitude  for 
then»selvea,  without  taking  a  licence  also 
^m  infidelity  to  enlarge  their  range.  It  is« 
theralbre,  fin tanata  that,  tan  the  causae  joat 
ttatad»  the  inroads  of  scepciciam  and  disbt- 


148 


Retibw. — Moore*8  Life  of  Lord  Byron* 


lief  should  be  teldom  felt  in  the  mind  till  a 
period  of  life,  when  the  character,  already 
formed,  b  out  of  the  reach  of  tlieir  disturb- 
ing influence,  —  when,  being  the  result, 
howerer  erroneous,  of  thought  and  reason- 
ing, they  are  likely  to  partake  of  the  so- 
briety of  the  process  by  which  they  were 
acquired,  aud,  heaae  considered  but  as  mat- 
ters of  pure  speculation,  to  have  as  little 
slutre  in  determining  the  mind  towards  evil 
as,  too  often,  the  most  orthodox  creed  has, 
at  the  same  age,  in  influencing  towards  go<)d. 

*'  While,  in  this  manner,  the  moral  qua- 
lities of  the  unbeliever  himself  are  guarded 
from  some  o£  the  mischiefs  that  might,  at 
an  earlier  age,  attend  such  doctrines,  the 
danger  also  of  his  communicating  the  infec- 
tion to  others  is,  for  reasons  of  a  similsr 
nature,  considerably  diminished.  The  same 
vanity  or  daring  which  may  have  prompted 
the  Youthful  sceptic's  opinions,  will  lead 
him  likewise,  it  is  probable,  rashly  and  irre- 
verently to  avow  the  in,  without  regard 
either  to  the  effect  of  his  example  on  those 
around  him,  or  the  odium  which,  by  such 
an  avowal,  he  entails  irreparably  on  himself. 
But,  at  a  riper  age,  these  consequences  are, 
in  general,  more  cautiously  weighed.  The 
infidel,  if  at  all  considerate  of  the  happiness 
of  othere,  will  naturally  pause  before  he 
chases  from  their  hearts  a  hope  of  which 
his  own  feels  the  want  so  desolately.  If  re- 
guardful  only  of  himself,  he  will  no  less  na- 
turally shrink  from  the  promulgation  of 
Sinions  which,  in  no  age,  have  men  utter- 
with  impunity.  In  either  case  there  is  a 
tolerably  good  security  for  his  silence, — for, 
should  benevolence  not  restrain  him  from 
makmg  converts  of  othen,  prudence  may^ 
at  least,  prevent  him  from  making  a  martyr 
of  himselr. 

"  Unfortunately,  Lord  Byron  was  an  ex- 
ception to  the  usual  course  of  such  lapses. 
With  him,  the  canker  showed  itself '  in  the 
mom  and  dew  of  youth,'  when  the  effect  of 
such  '  blastments '  is,  for  every  reason,  most 
fiital, — and,  in  addition  to  the  real  mis- 
fortune of  being  an  unbeliever  at  any  age, 
he  exhibited  the  rare  and  melancholy  spec- 
tacle of  an  unbelieving  schoolboy.  The 
same  prematurity  of  developement  which 
brought  his  passions  and  genius  so  early  into 
action,  enabled  him  also  to  anticipate  this 
worat,  dreariest  result  of  reason  ;  and  at  the 
very  time  of  life  when  a  spirit  and  tem))era- 
ment  like  his  most  required  controul,  those 
checks,  which  religious  prepossessions  best 
aupplv,  wera  almost  wholly  wanting. 

**  We  have  seen,  in  those  two  addresses 
to  the  Deity  which  I  have  selected  firom 
among  his  unpublished  Poems,  and  still 
more  strongly  in  a  passage  of  the  Catalogue 
of  his  studies,  at  what  a  boyish  age  the  au- 
thority of  all  systems  and  sects  was  avowedly 
shaken  off  by  his  inqnirmg  spirit.  Yet, 
even  in  these,  there  is  a  fervour  of  adoration 
mingled  with  hb  defiance  of  creeds,  through 


[Feb. 

which  the  piety  implanted  in  hii  nature  (as 
it  is  deeply  in  all  poetic  natures)  unequivo- 
cally shows  itself;  and  had  he  then  fiUIen 
within  the  reach  of  such  guidance  and  ex- 
ample as  would  have  seconded  and  fostered 
these  natural  dispositions,  the  licence  of 
opinion,  into  which  he  afterwards  broke 
loose,  mieht  have  been  averted.  His  scep- 
ticism, if  not  wholly  removed,  might  have 
been  softened  down  into  that  bumble  doubt 
which,  so  far  from  being  inconsistent  with 
a  religious  spirit,  is  perhaps  its  best  guard 
against  presumption  and  uncharitableneta  | 
aud,  at  all  events,  even  if  his  own  views  of 
religion  had  not  been  brightened  or  elevatedy 
he  would  have  learned  not  wantonly  to  cloud 
or  disturb  those  of  others.  But  there  was 
no  such  monitor  near  him.  After  his  de- 
parture from  Southwell,  he  had  not  a  single 
friend  or  relative  to  whom  he  could  look  up 
with  respect ;  but  was  thrown  alone  on  the 
world,  with  his  passion  and  his  pride,  to 
revel  in  the  fatal  discovery  which  he  imagined 
himself  to  have  made  of  the  nothinneas  of 
the  future,  and  the  all-paramoont  claims  of 
the  present.  By  singular  Ul-fortune»  too, 
the  individual  who,  among  all  his  college 
friends,  had  taken  the  strongest  hi^  on  his 
admiration  aud  a£Fection,  and  whose  loss  he 
afterwards  lamented  with  brotherly  tender- 
ness, was  to  the  same  extent  as  himself  if 
not  more  strongly,  a  sceptic." 

In  spite  of  all  this,  beaotifol  u  it  it 
in  language,  we  doubt  whether  Lord 
Byron  had  at  this  time  settled  princi* 
pies  of  any  kind ;  bis  passions  were  hit 
masters,  he  had  generous  impoltet  and 
benevolent  feelings ;  but  of  anj  thing 
that  could  regulate  or  restrain,  whe* 
thcr  it  be  called  philosophy  or  religion, 
he  was  destitute.  He  was  the  creature 
"  of  the  minute  ;"  and  any  statement 
of  his  creed,  by  himself  at  least,  is  uo 
more  to  be  depended  on  than  are  those 
exaggerated  pictures  of  his  vices  with 
which  his  letters  and  poems  abound. 
The  well-meaning  but  injudicious 
friends  who  attempted  his  reforma- 
tion, he  loved  to  *' mystify*'  and  to 
confound,  and  so  tenaciously  did  this 
spirit  cling  to  him,  that  when,  in 
Greece,  he  had  those  conversationt 
with  Dr.  Kennedy  on  the  subject  of 
religion  which  are  announced  for 
publication,  there  was  hardly  a  per* 
son  acquainted  with  him  there  who 
did  not  insinuate  that  he  was  amusing 
himself  at  the  doctor's  expence. 

So  much  has  been  already  said  on 
the  article  in  the  Edinbursh  Review, 
which  it  has  been  contended  awaken- 
ed the  poetical  energies  of  the  subject 
of  it,  that  we  will  dismiss  it  with  thit 
observation,  that  we  agree  with  Mr. 


1830.] 


Rbv  IB w.— Moore's  Life  of  Lord  Byron. 


Moore  that  it  was  rather  the  contemp- 
tuous tone  in  which  it  was  written, 
than  any  mistake  in  the  critic's  es* 
timate  of  Lord  B.'s  |)oems,  that  de* 
serves  our  reprehension ;  for,  as  Mr, 
Moore  elegantly  says, 

"  Th«  early  verses  of  Lord  B/ron^  how- 
ever disttoguubed  by  tenderness  and  grace, 
give  but  little  promise  of  those  dazzling 
miracles  of  poesy  wiib  which  he  afterwards 
enchanted  toe  world;  and,  if  bis  youth- 
ful verses  have  now  a  peculiar  charm  in  our 
eyes,  it  'is  because  we  read  them  as  it  were 
by  the  light  o(  his  subsequent  glory." 

The  article  was  speedily  followed 
by  the  satire,  a  proof  at  once  of  his 
genius  and  of  the  ferocious  spirit  by 
which  it  was  influenced ;  it  is  evident 
indeed  that  the  foundation  of  this 
poem  was  laid  long  before  the  appear- 
ance of  the  oflcnsive  review.  There 
is  scarcely  a  philippic  in  that  satire 
which  either  his  after-position  in  so« 
ciei]ir,  or  his  own  generous  nature,  did 
not  induce  him  to  retract ;  he  used  his 

^  best  efibrts  to  suppress  what  his  ill- 
humour  had  urged  him  to  publish,  and 
there  is  no  severity  that  can  be  pro- 
nounced on  the  recklessness  of  this  at- 
tack that  can  equal  the  sentence  pro- 
nounced on  it  by  himself. 

In  a  state  of  mind  over  which  Mr. 
Moore  throws  the  protecting  shield  of 
his  ^enerout  coiDpaationy  and  which 

^  in  his  Maal  elegant  excolpatorp  style, 
he  refers  to  tlie  accidental  circum- 
stances of  a  disappointed  life,  Lord 
Byron  now  proceeded  on  his  pil- 
grimage. His  letters  during  his  ab- 
sence from  England  are  excellent  spe- 
cimens of  epistol«r)r  descriptions;  they 
give  a  very  interesting  account  of  his 
travels,  and  are  written  in  an  agree- 
able, lively  style,  with  scarcely  any 
traces  of  that  moody  temper  in  whicn 
he  had  left  his  counirv.  His  return 
is  annoanced  in  the  following  charac- 
teristic leuer : 


i< 


To  Mr.  Henry  Drury. 


t€ 


€t 


f^oUigt/rigaU,  of  Uihant^July  17,1311. 

'•  M  V  dear  Dniry, — AfUr  two  years'  ab- 
seaoe  (on  the  td)  and  sense  odd  days,  I  am 
approaching  your  coontry*  The  day  of  our 
arrival  you  will  tee  by  the  ouuide  date  of 
my  letter.  At  present,  we  are  becalmed 
eomibrtably,  close  to  Brest  harbour; — I 
have  otver  been  so  aear  H  siaoe  1  lefi  Dock 
Pvddle. 

*'  We  left  Malta  thiity-lbvr  days  aro, 
and  have  bad  a  tadMMS  passage  of  it.  Yoa 
will  either  see  or  hear  froas  or  of  ase,  soon 
after  the  icceipl  ol  thiiy  m  1  pasa  thceagh 


149 

town  to  repair  my  irreparabla  t£fair«i  and 
thence  I  want  to  go  to  Notts,  and  raise 
rents,  and  to  Lanes,  an^  sell  coUierias,  and 
back  to  London,  and  pay  debu, — for  it 
seems  I  shall  neither  have  coals  or  eomfort 
till  I  £o  down  to  Rochdale  m  person.  I  have 
brought  home  some  marbles  tor  Hobhoose; 
— for  myself,  four  ancient  Athenian  skulls^ 
dug  out  of  Sarcophagi,— a  phial  of  atUo 
hemlock, — four  hve  tortoises, — a  grey- 
hound (died  on  the  passage), — two  live 
Greek  servanu,  one  an  Athenian,  t'other  a 
Yaniote,  who  can  speak  nothing  but  Ro- 
maic and  luiian, — and  myself,  as  Moses  in 
the  Vicar  of  Wakefield  says,  slily,  and  I  may 
say  it  too,  fur  I  have  as  Utile  cause  to  boast 
of  mv  expedition  as  he  bad  of  his  to  the  ^r. 

*•  I  wrote  to  you  from  the  Cyanean  Rocks, 
to  tell  yoo  I  liad  swam  from  Sestos  to  Aby- 
dos— >hiave  you  received  my  letter  ? 

<*  Hodgson,  I  suppose,  is  four  deep  by 
this  time.  What  would  he  have  given  to 
have  seen,  like  me,  the  real  Parnassus, 
where  I  robbed  the  Bishop  of  Chrisssof  a 
book  of  geography;— but  this  I  only  call 
plagiarism,  as  it  was  done  within  an  hour's 
ride  of  Delphi." 

His  avowed  intention  of  leaving 
the  *'  whole  Castaiian  Sute"  was  as 
speedily  abandoned  as  oiost  of  his  re- 
solutions. He  returned  to  England 
with  two  long  poems,  the  one  a  satire, 
in  imitation  of  Horace ;  the  other,  the 
two  first  cantos  of  Childe  Harold ;  the 
former  appears  to  hare  been  his  fa- 
vourite. 

**  la  tracing  the  fbrtones  of  men,"  says 
Mr.  Moors,  "  it  u  not  a  little  earioos  to 
observe  how  often  the  conrse  of  a  whola 
life  has  depended  on  a  smgle  step.  Had 
Lord  Byron  now  persisted  m  his  original 
purpose  of  giving  this  poem  to  the  press,  i| 
is  more  than  probable  that  he  would  bave 
been  lost  as  a  great  poet  to  the  world." 

But  we  cannot  thus  track  the  foot- 
steps of  Lord  Byron ;  the  most  promi- 
nent features  of  his  life  are  well  known 
to  our  readers,  for  there  are  few  men 
whose  minutest  acts  have  been  so 
blazoned. 

His  letter  to  Lord  Holland  (whom 
he  had  abused  in  his  satire),  on  pre- 
senting him  with  his  new  poem  of 
Childe  Harold,  exhibits  much  good 
feeling  and  candour. 

"My  Lord,  -».  JWi-Krert, 

^         *  March  b,  1818. 

"  May  I  rsqoest  yoor  Lordship  to  aocept 
a  copy  oif  the  thing  which  aocoaspaaias  this 
note?  Yon  hava  abeady  so  fidly  proved 
the  troth  of  the  first  liae  of  Popa*s  couplet, 

*  Forgtveaess  to  the  iaivftd  doth  hekog,' 


150 


Hevjbw,— Moore's  Life  of  Lord  Byron, 


[Feb. 


that  I  long  for  an  opportcmity  to  give  the 
]ie  to  the  vene  that  foliowa.  If  I  were  not 
perfectly  conTinced  that  any  thing  I  may 
nave  formerly  uttered  in  the  boyish  rash- 
ness of  my  misplaced  resentment  had  made 
as  little  impression  as  it  deserved  to  make, 
I  should  hardly  have  the  confidence — per- 
haps your  Lordship  may  give  it  a  stronger 
and  more  appropriate  appellation — to  send 
you  a  quarto  of  the  same  scribbler.  But 
your  Lordshipt  I  am  sorry  to  observe  to- 
day, is  troubled  with  the  gout :  if  my  book 
can  produce  a  laugh  against  itself  or  the 
author,  it  will  be  of  some  service.  If  it  can 
set  you  to  sleep,  the  benefit  will  be  yet 
greater ;  and  as  some  Sections  personage 
observed  half  a  century  ago,  that  *  poetry  is 
a  mere  drug,'  I  oflfer  you  mine  as  an  humble 
assistant  to  the  *  eau  midceinale.*  I  trust 
you  will  forgive  this  and  all  my  other  buf- 
fooneries, and  believe  me  to  be,  with  great 
respect,  your  Lordship's  obliged  and  sincere 
aervant,  Byron." 

The  public  adulation  which  follow- 
ed this  poem  did  not  tend  to  improve 
his  character ;  he  was  proud  and  re- 
sen'edj  he  had  drawn  his  poeiical  por- 
trait as  that  of  one  of  melancholy  and 
sadness,  and  he  appears  to  hare  worn 
such  an  appearance  in  vindication  of 
his  consistency.  To  those  behind  the 
scenes,  his  manners,  on  the  contrary, 
are  represented  as  frank,  social,  and 
engaging.  There  was  too  much  of 
this  masquerading  for  a  strong  or  ho- 
nourable mind  to  have  practised  ;  it 
was  a  species  of  hypocrisy  too  that  flat- 
tered his  pride,  ana  amused  his  vanity. 
During  the  three  following  years,  hit 
poetry  was  poured  out  in  rich  profu- 
sion of  talent ; — but  we  have  no  space 
to  particularize. 

His  marriage  and  the  unfortunate 
circumstances  that  succeeded,  are 
treated  by  Mr.  Moore  with  great  deli- 
cacy, and  in  a  way  which  scarcely  anv 
other  pen  could  have  managed  so  well. 

In  a  letter  to  Mr.  Moore,  Lord  By- 
ron thus  expresses  himself  on  the  sub- 
ject of  his  separation,  an  avowal  ho- 
nourable to  his  candour  and  to  the 
character  of  Lady  Byron : 

<'  I  must  set  you  right  in  one  point,  how- 
ever ;  the  huh  was  not,  no,  nor  even  the 
misfortune  in  my  choice,  unless  in  choosing 
at  all ;  for  I  do  not  believe,  and  I  must  say 
it  in  theTery  dregs  of  all  this  bitter  busi- 
ness, that  there  ever  was  a  better  or  even  a 
brighter,  a  kinder,  or  a  more  amiable  and 
agreeable  being  than  Lady  B.  I  never  had 
nor  can  have  any  reproach  to  make  her 
while  with  me.  Where  there  is  blame  it 
belongs  to  myself|  and  if  I  cannot  redeem^ 
I  mukt  bear  it." 


A  prting  word,  and  we  have  done; 
We  should  deem  it  little  less  than  blas- 
phemy to  be  told,  that  if  I>ord  BWon 
had  been  a  better  man,  he  would  nave 
been  a  worse  poet.  What  hci  mieht 
have  been,  had  he  drank  of  that  liTinff 
founuin  which  would  have  healed  his 
sorrows  and  purified  his  iniellectp  it 
were  now  in  vain  to  inquire.  The 
following  thought  of  a  writer  less 
known  than  he  deserves  to  be,  tells  ns 
in  language  as  elegant  as  the  sentiment 
is  just,  how  a  taste  for  the  beaaties  of 
the  natural  world  with  which  the 
poetry  of  Lord  Byron  is  rife,  is  qoick- 
ened,  improved,  and  elevated  by  reli- 
gious feeling : 

''The  sun  may  beaatiQr  the  fiuse  of  m- 
ture,  the  planets  may  roll  in  oiaJcBtic  order 
through  the  immensity  of  spac«,  aprii^ 
may  spread  her  blossoms,  fammer  may  ripa 
her  fruits,  autumn  may  all  to  the  baaqeety 
the  senses  are  regaled ;  bat  in  tlio  heart  thrt 
is  not  purified  by  religiom  asatnaants,  than 
is  no  perception  of  spiritual  beanty,  no  mowa' 
roent  of  spiritual  delight»  no  rafrrenca  to 
that  Hand  which  is  acatteriag  aronnd  tha 
means  of  enjoyment,  and,  the  IneeBtiffaa  to 
praise.  But  let  the  heart  La  toaclied  with 
that  etherial  spark  which  is  eficiled  bj  tha 
Word  of  God  and  the  proniaaa  of  his  Son ; 
let  the  sinful  affections  be  removadf  aad  the 
influence  of  a  devont  spirit  be  diarlghcds 
let  intellect  and  refUetian  heeome  ike  hmi" 
maids  of  Piety  i  tlien  we  shall  saa  God  ia 
all  that  is  great  and  hentilai  hi  oreatioat 
and  feel  him  in  all  thai  is  chaasM.  aiid 
happy  io  our  own  minds."      :       . 

The  volume  before  as  brinies  the 
life  of  Lord  Byron  down  to  the  period 
of  his  final  departure  from  Engfamd. 
We  cannot  help  thinking  that  some- 
thing too  much  has  been  afloMcd; 
and  we  cannot  conceal  onr  apprehen- 
sions that,  as  the  poetryof  Lord  Byron 
produced  a  generation  of  sceptical  mi- 
santhropes, so  the  details  of  his  fashion- 
able excesses  may  provoke  a  spirit  of 
imitation  in  the  thoughtless,  thcg^kldj* 
and  the  young. 

Remarks  on  the  Ciml  DvuUnUUti  qfBHiUk 
Jews,  By  Francis  Henry  GoldsDild.   Cal- 

bum  and  Bentley. 

THE  argument  of  Mr.  Goldtmid, 
for  the  emancipation  of  the  British 
Jews,  is  founded  on  an  investigation 
of  the  Statutes.  Hcl  first  disposes  of 
the  objection  that  they  are  alienst, 
by  citing  very  competent  authoritica 
against  that  doctrine,  and  then  procaeda 
to  an  examination  of  the  variom  Acta 


1830.]    RiviBW.— Ooldsmid  on  ihi  Gvil  DisabiUtie$  of  the  Jews.    161 


of  PaHiament  by  which  iheir  ciril  li. 
heriy  it  invaded.  It  appears  to  us  that 
the  case  of  the  Jews  was  not  originally 
aiuicipatrd  by  tlie  framert  of  the  laws 
of  England,  beeaoae  ihey  were  consi- 
dered a  strange  people  dwelling  amongst 
us,  by  permission  or  by  sufferance; 
even  now,  when  we  speak  to  a  Jew  of 
those  of  his  own  faith,  we  term  them 
those  of  his  nation.  The  case  may  have 
been  altered  by  subsequent  Statutes. 
The  Jews,  however,  have  not  been 
disqualified  by  particular  enactments 
directed  against  them ;  but  ihey  have 
been  involved  in  the  various  sacra- 
mental and  other  tests,  for  the  exclu- 

^  sion  of  dissenters;  and  the  annual  Bill 
of  Indemnity  absolved  them  from  the 
penalties  that 'might  have  been  incur- 
red,  equally  with  the  Unitarians  and 
others.  But  the  repeal  of  the  Test 
and  Corporation  Acts  has  rendered  the 
situation  of  the  Jew  worse  than  before. 
A  Declaration  has  been  frame<l,  to 
which  he  cannot  possibly  subscribe, 
and  he  is  now  without  any  other  re- 

^  niedv  than  the  direct  interference  of 
the  Legislature. 

England  was  certainly  meant,  at  the 
time  of  the  Reformation,  to  be  a  Chris- 
tian Protestant  country.  The  multi- 
plication of  sects  in  Cromwell's  time 
did  not  alter  this  character  of  the  Con- 
stitution. Our  modern  liberals  have 
violated  its  integrity ;  it  has  ceased  to 

#  be  ProtesUnL  Therefore,  Mr.  Gold- 
smid*s  arguoients  are,  in  our  opinion, 
fair;  and  Jews  have  as  just  a  claim  to 
sit  in  Parliament  as  Apists,  and  so 
have  Mahometans. 

It  remains  to  be  seen  whether  our 
nobles  and  country  gentleiuen,  who 
are  of  oure  English  blood  but  are  poor, 
will  allow  the  landed  estates  of  this 
country  to  be  bought  up  by  the  Jews, 
who  are  rich  and  equal  to  the  purchase. 
In  a  religious  view,  the  settlement 
of  the  Jews  in  freehold  estates  in  Eng- 
land would  impede  their  return  when 
Messiah  shall  call  them  home;  but 
this  is  a  consideration  for  them.  In 
the  same  way  many  settled  at  Baby. 
Ion,  and  would  not  return  after  the 
publication  of  the  edict  for  rebuilding 
the  Temple.  With  all  this  wc  Chris- 
tians have  nothing  to  do.  We  only 
wish  that  their  learned  men  would 
turn  from  the  legends  oi"  the  Talmud, 
And  consult  their  Bibles. 

If  there  be  any  thing  galling  to  Eng- 
lishmen who  love  their  country  and 
its  institutions,  in  the  prospect  of  a 


mongrel  Parliament,  to  be  composed 
of  «•  Jews,  Turks,  infidels,  and  here- 
tics,*' let  them  answer  for  it  who 
framed  the  Trinity  and  Popish  Eman- 
cipation Bills. 

Mr.  Goldsmid's  pamphlet  is  written 
in  a  lone  of  moderation,  which  must 
insure  it  a  respectful  attention,  and  his 
argumenu  display  the  sincerity  of  his 
intentions,  and  the  acuteness  of  bis 
research. 

A  Sketch  of  the  History  qfCamarwm  Castle. 
By  James  Hews  Braosbj.  Poole  and 
Harding,  Carnarvon. 

THIS  volume  has  more  merit  than 
many  larger  publications.  As  a  pleas- 
ing Cicerone  to  transient  visitors  to 
Carnarvon,  Mr.  Bransby  must  hence- 
forth be  a  sine  qua  non  t  because  his 
book  will  tell  of  things  which  cannot 
otherwise  be  known,  except  by  an 
immense  labour  of  consulting  many 
others. 

The  author  modestly  denominates 
his  book  a  Sketch  of'^  History,  that 
"  aims  at  no  pomp  of  language,  or 
brilliancy  of  colouring.  He  has  stu- 
died simplicity,  and  left  objects  and 
circumstauces  to  make  their  own  im- 
pression.'^ In  this  aim  he  has  com- 
pletely succeeded.  Witness  the  fol- 
lowing picture  of  Llewellyn's  heroism, 
on  Edward's  proceeding  into  Wales, 
with  a^  determination  to  exterminate 
that  Prince's  power  s 

**  The  royal  baaoers  were  oooa  oiora  ua- 
furled  upon  the  mountains,  the  tnimpeS 
called  to  battle,  acd  Uevdlyn,  around  whom 
Lit  countrjmea  always  flocked  at  the  soand 
of  war,  preimred  to  defend  himself  against 
the  invaders.  While  the  tide  rolled  on  with 
contiouallv  increasing  impetuosity,  though 
he  must  have  had  hit  aaxioot  doubtt  and 
fiMrt,  be  took  cart  to  betray  no  want  of  the 
most  deliberate  and  tranquil  telf-pottettioo  i 
and  many  a  combatant  of  dtttinction  fell  be- 
fore hit  vigorout  arm.  But  that  arm  was 
toon  to  be  unnerved.  The  hour  approached 
when  bit  heart  wat  to  yield  iu  expiring  sigh, 
and  hit  glory  to  he  shrouded  in  impeuetia- 
ble  darkoett.  On  the  11th  of  Deeember, 
1989,  he  wat  ilaio  at  IJaadweyr  n  Radaor- 
thire,  not  far  from  Bualth,  having  received 
hit  death- wound  from  the  spear  of  one  Ste- 
phen de  Franktoo,  a  common  toldier.  1% 
wat  not  till  he  bad  been  some  time  welter- 
ing in  bb  blood  that  he  wat  known  {  lor  ha 
bad  entered  the  fieU  without  armoiir  and  qa 
ftiot,  and  on  that  fiual  day  there  wat  no  pe- 
culiarity in  hit  drett  or  appearaaoe  to  iadi- 
cato  his  raak.  The  atoment  his  pale  and 
ghastly  but  ttiU  nobla  featares  vtia  disceta- 


152  Review.— Bransby*8  History  of  Carnarvon  Ca»tle»        [Feb. 


r 

ed,  a  thout  of  surprise  and  joy  burst  from 
the  English  troops,  and  the  cooflict  was 


over 


i»» 


The  fate  of  Llewellyn's  brother  is 
tragical  indeed,  and  pathetically  nar- 
rated. Passing  from  thai  event  to  the 
incorporation  of  Wales  with  England, 
Mr.  Bransby  (as  an  Englishman, -who 
seems  to  have  adopted  Wales  as  his 
chosen  residence,)  manages  the  deli- 
cate subject  with  peculiar  address,  and 
by  no  means  at  the  expence  of  truth. 

**  To  viodicate  the  motives  which  led  to 
this  important  conquest,  and  the  means  by 
which  it  was  achieved, — to  prove  that  it 
was  founded  in  justice  or  in  necessity,  would 
perhaps  be  a  difficult  as  well  as  an  invidious 
and  unprofitable  task;  yet  who  can  doubt 
that  great  good  was  accomplished  by  it  ? 
who  will  deny  that  the  result  has  proved 
eminently  beneficial  ?  An  end  was  put  to 
the  sanguinary  disputes  in  which  the  two 
nations  had  been  so  constantly  embroiled, 
the  olive  of  peace  was  planted  on  the  moun- 
tain side,  and  both  the  victors  and  the  van- 
quished saw  that  it  was  their  interest  no 
less  than  their  duty  to  cherish  a  pacific  and 
friendly  disposition  towards  each  other.  They 
became  one  people  ;  enjoyed,  in  after  years, 
the  protection  of  the  same  laws ;  and  have 
oow  the  unspealcable  privilege  of  calling 
their  own  the  same  political  institutions — 
institutions  not  surpassed  in  grandeur,  in 
beauty,  or  in  usefulness,  even  by  those 
which  adorn  the  fid)led  realms  of  Utopia  and 
Atlantis."  • 

But  as  conquest  over  such  a  people 
as  those  whom  Edward  had  subju- 
gated,— a  people  accustomed  to  diffi- 
culties, ana  fearless  of  daneers, — could 
not  be  achieved  without  leaving  a  la- 
tent, untamed  spirit,  ready  to  burst 
forth  and   cast  off  the  yoke,   unless 


*  «  Though  every  one  must  honour  the 
fiseling  which  leads  the  well-educated  Welsh- 
man  to  look  with  affectionate  pride  upon 
his  native  language,  and  to  be  anxious  for 
its  preservation,  yet  many  advantages  would 
arise  from  its  ceasing  to  be  a  spoken  lan- 
guage.    It  presents  a  serious  obstacle  to 
the  intellectual  and  moral  improvement  of 
the  lower  classes.  They  have  not  the  means 
of  keeping  pace  with  their  fellow  subjects, 
or  of  being  emancipated  from  the  prejudices 
and   superstitious    inseparable  from    igno- 
rance, which  impress  upon  them  the  cha- 
racteristics of  a  distinct  and  separate  tribe. 
Who  that  has  a  heart  in  his  bosom  but 
would  rejoice  to  see  them  universally  and 
fully  participating  in  the  blessings  which 
the  improved  forms  of  education  and   the 
diffusion  of  science  are  conferring  upon  the 
other  inhabitants  of  this  Aivoured  land?" 


watched  and  overawed,— the  *•  roth- 
less  king,*'  as  Gray  terms  him,  built, 
for  the  twofold  purpose  of  iotimida* 
tion  and  safety,  the  castles  of  Carnar- 
von, Conway,  and  RhuddUn.  Of 
thnese,  Mr.  Bransby  justly  observes, 

"  Carnarvon  Castle  has  a  cUim  to  pre- 
eminence, on  account  both  of  its  original 
grandeur  and  of  the  place  which  it  oecii- 
pies  in  the  page  of  the  historian.  Its  ran, 
formerly  so  glorious,  is  set — the  pride  of  its 
strength  is  gone ;  but,  even  now,  amidst  ttie 
devMtations  of  time,  it  is  Impressively  ma- 
jestic.— So  beautiful  a  ruin  must  stribt  erea 
the  idle  and  listless  spectator,  while  ao  -»» 
of  genuine  taste  can  approadi  it  withoai  be- 
ing deeply  interested.  There  is  spread  av«r 
it  a  certain  tranquil  gloom  which  ia  fSsvoar- 
able  to  meditation ; — a  soleflanity  whicfa  ap- 
peals to  the  heart,  suggesting  pare  and  ele- 
vated thoughts,  and  teaching  the  bkmI  sa- 
lutary lessons. — Most  of  our  princely  and 
baronial  structures,  now  cnimbling  Into  dost, 
are  composed  of  diffisrsnt  portions,  vhidi 
exhibit  specimens  of  the  arcliitflctare  of  dif- 
ferent ages.  But  such  is  ael  the  case  with 
the  huge  pile  at  Camarvoa  t  it  was  Wgua 
and  rendered  complete  by  Edward,  and  faas 
received  no  additions  from  aay  of  its  sabaa- 
quent  possessors." 

Many  of  the  notes  are  extremelv  ca- 
rious, and  demonstrate  Mr.  BransDj  to 
have  a  discriminating  mind  and  a  kind 
heart. 

To  the  reasons,  specified  by  Mr.  B. 
in  a  note,  pp.  8,  9,  for  plaatiiu  jeiv- 
trees,  &c.  in  church-yaitlib  and  inin^ 
dieting  their  prostration,  migfit  he  not 
have  added  the  martial  met  to  wlikli 
the  wood  of  the  yew-tree  was  applied, 
— that  of  bows,  before  the  inTentioo 
of  fire-arms,  about  the  year  146O? 
When  invasion  or  sudden  attack  was 
apprehended,  —  to  the  chnreb-yard 
might  simultaneously  resort  the  inha- 
bitants of  every  parish,  and  there 
speedily  supply  themselves  with  wea- 
pons, as  from  a  common  armoaij.* 
The  lopping  of  branches  for  anch  a 
purpose  would  not  come  within  the 
interdict,  "  Ne  Rector  arhorti  M  cr- 
meterio  prosternat ;"  because  no  tree^ 
perhaps,  sustains  so  little  injniy  by 
lopping,  as  the  yew.  Loppecf,  more- 
over, under  such  patriotic  circmnf* 
stances,  the  severing  of  some  of  tU 
branches  would  be  done  hy  the 


*  Mr.  Ritson  says,  "  it  may  be 
ed  whether  a  body  of  expert  archers  woaM 
not,  even  at  this  day,  be  suptrior  to  n 
equal  number  armed  with  moskaCi."'— NaM^ 
page  55. 


i8aa] 


Riviiw.— Diary  of  Ralph  Tlhort^. 


153 


tivct  with  care,  and  even  with  Yenera- 
tion  ;  considering  it  almost  as  a  sacred 
beneficent  guardian,  that  was  at  every 
future  crisis  to  yield  them  and  their 
children  a  further  supply. 

The  Diary  md  Carrufandenee  rf  Ralph  Thy 
resty,  F.ILS,  Author  qf\^  The  Topography 
<tfLettU^**  1677— ir«4.  NowJirU  pib- 
Hthed  from  the  Orininai  ManuMcriptf  by 
the  Rev.  JoMph  Hunter,  FS.A.  fbur 
volt.  Boo.  Colburn  and  Bentley. 

ANOTHER  diary  of  a  life  devoted 
to  literature  has  escaped  the  accidenu 
to  which  all  writings  of  this  kind  are 
exposed,  and  some  peculiar  dansers  of 
iu  own,  and  after  the  lapse  of  more 
than  a  century  is  now  ottered  to  the 
public.  We  rejoice  to  see  remains 
of  this  kind  brought  from  their  hiding 
places  s  they  are  most  valuable  deposi- 
tories of  authentic  information,  to  be 
used  hereafter  in  histories  of  the  litera- 
tore  and  science  of  England,  and  in 
the  biographies  of  the  distinguished 
men  who  have  raised  so  high  the  cha- 
racter of  our  nation.  Many  a  fact  be- 
fore unknown  has  come  forth  in  the 
Diaries  of  Evelyn  and  Pepys,  and  a 
glance  at  the  minute  index  which  is 
added  to  those  volumes,  will  show  that 
we  have  here  a  work  which  in  these 
vrspects  is  not  behind  former  diaries. 
They  present  also  faithful,  and  often 
▼erv  agreeable  pictures  of  the  manners 
of  life^  the  haoits  and  studies  of  the 
perton  who  makes  the  record  of  his 
life.  And  there  are  no  writings  which 
equally  with  these  cany  us  into  times 
long  passed  away,  and  give  us  a  distinct 
impress  of  the  "manners  living*'  as 
th^  were. 

The  name  of  Thoresby  has  been 
long  familiar  to  the  public  ear.  His 
Ducatos  Leodiensis,  or  Topography  of 
Leeds,  has  always  been  a  oook  prized 
and  popular.  It  is  distinguishca  from 
all  books  of  topography  which  pre- 
ceded it,  and  from  most  of  those  which 
have  followed  it,  by  having  the  dryness 
of  its  antiquarian  detail!  relieved  by  an 
occasional  intermixture  of  moral  senti- 
ment, or  rather  of  those  details  having 
received  an  impress  from  the  amiable 
and  devotional  spirit  of  the  writer. 
The  name  of  Thoresby  is  found  in  the 
writings  of  manv  of  his  antiquarian 
contemporaries,  u>r  he  was  ever  ready 
to  assist  in  every  attempt  at  illustrating 
the  minute  points  in  the  history  of  the 
country.  But  perhaps  he  is  h<>st  Itoowu^ 

OaifT.  Mao.  Pfknmy^  1S80. 

8 


and  now  most  frequently  mentioned, 
OS  the  possessor  of  a  very  extensive  and 
curious  Museum,  in  which  were  de- 
posited rarities  both  of  nature  and  art ; 
fossils  and  shells;  books,  manuscripts, 
prints,  coins,  and  autographs.  A  de- 
scriptive caulogue  is  annexed  to  the 
Ducatos.  We  see  in  this  Diary  how 
a  private  person,  in  a  country  town, 
and  with  a  small  fortune,  was  able  to 
amass  a  treasure  which  may  excite  the 
envy  of  the  nwre  opulent  but  less  for- 
tunate collector  of  tnese  times. 

Thoresby  was  pre-eminently  a  col- 
lector. He  was  one  of  the  fathers  of 
that  still  increasing  and  fknirishing  fa- 
mily. Like  some  of  his  successors,  he 
had  stored  op  some  things  as  valuable 
rarities,  which  better  judgment  and 
superior  knowledge  would  have  led 
him  to  reject.  But  compare  his  Cata- 
logue with  that  of  the  Tradescants, 
and  how  superior  was  his  Moseom  to 
theirs !  There  was  in  it  very  little  to 
be  despised,  and  a  great  deal  to  be 
coveted. 

Thoresby  was  a  man  of  insatiable 
curiosity.  As  we  read  his  Diary,  and 
observe  the  topicsof  his  correspondence, 
it  strikes  us  that  this  was  the  most  dis- 
tinguishing feature  of  his  mind.  The 
subjects  on  which  his  knowledge  was 
profound  are  few ;  but  there  are  few 
subjects  which  interest  mankind,  to 
which  his  was  not  at  some  time  or  other 
directed.  The  natural  bias  of  h'ls  dis- 
position wu  to  antiquarian  and  histo- 
rical inquiry.  This  seems  to  have  been 
given  him  in  his  youth.  He  tells  as 
that  his  mind  was  directed  to  one  par- 
ticular subject  of  antiquarian  iiiquiry, 
by  a  Sermon  which  he  heard  in  the 
Cfhurch  of  Leeds  when  he  was  a  boy ; 
and  perliaps  the  general  bias  of  his 
mind  to  antiquarian  pursuits,  he  might 
owe  to  a  cabinet  of  coins,  part  of  the 
furniture  of  his  father's  house,  which 
his  father  had  purchased  of  the  family 
of  Fairfax. 

But  he  was  no  less  aMiduous  in  re- 
cording than  he  was  in  inquiring.  We 
have  heard  of  an  eminent  antiqoary  of 
the  present  day,  who  said  that  he  did 
not  think  the  man  deserving  the  name 
of  an  antiqoary  who  did  not  every 
night  minute  down  what  he  did,  what 
he  heard,  and  whom  he  conversed  with. 
Thoresby 's  pretensions  would  bear  be- 
ing submitted  to  this  test  We  see  in 
uhat  is  printed  how  he  descended  to 
maitcis  the  most  minute  in  his  personal 


154 


Rbvibw. — Diary  of  Ralph  Thoreiby. 


[Feb. 


chronicle.  We  may  guess  from  what 
is  published  how  much  ihe  editor  has 
found  it  necessary  to  omit. 

Indeed,  to  say  the  truth,  valuing  as 
we  do  records  such  as  these,  we  can 
well  dispense  with  much  that  must  oC 
necessity  find  a  place  in  a  book  which 
is  to  contain  an  account  of  what  any 
man  did  erery  day  of  his  life.  It  i» 
also  evident  that  it  is  due  to  the  dead, 
and  in  many  cases  due  to  the  living, 
that  every  thing  which  may  be  insert- 
ed in  Diaries  such  as  these,  should  not 
?;o  forth  to  the  world  to  minister  matter 
or  reproach,  or  for  the  comments  of 
ill  nature.  But  it  is  evident  that  he 
who  sets  out  upon  the  principle  of  re- 
cording every  day  what  he  did  and 
saw,  must  live  in  very  unfavourable 
circumstances  indeed,  if  he  do  not  leave 
behind  him  a  work  from  which  much 
may  be  expected  that  will  amuse,  in- 
struct, and  inform. 

In  many  respects  the  situation  of 
Thoresby  was  favourable.  His  home 
was,  it  IS  true,  in  a  provincial  town, 
but  it  was  then,  as  it  is  now,  a  town 
of  great  resori,  and  the  fame  of  his 
museum  attracted  to  his  house  the  per-' 
sons  of  distinction  who  visited  the 
place,  and  especially  Artists,  Naturalists, 
and  Antiquaries.  But  Thoresby  was 
fond  of  travelling.  His  Diary  contains 
more  instructive  notices  than  any  book 
with  which  we  are  acquainted,  of  the 
facilities  and  means  for  moving  from 
place  to  place  which  our  ancestors  pos- 
sessed, at  a  time  when  steam-carriages 
and  mail-coaches  were  alike  unknown; 
and  when  on  these  journeys,  he  often 
admits  us  to  the  acquaintance  of  i)er- 
sons  more  eminent  than  those  whom 
he  saw  in  his  native  town.  He  fre- 
quently visited  London ;  and,  while 
sojourning  there,  his  whole  time  was 
passed  among  the  Philrjsophers,  the 
Antiquaries,  and  the  more  eminent 
divines  of  the  time.  He  was  for  ever 
at  the  libraries  and  museums.  He 
omitted  no  opportunity  of  attending 
the  meetings  of  his  brethren  of  the 
Royal  Society  at  Gresham  College. 
And  he  sometimes,  as  when  he  relates 
the  conversation  which  he  held  with 
the  antiquarian  Earl  of  Pembroke  in 
that  nobleman's  cabinet  of  medals, 
preserves  remarks  on  scientific  subjects, 
which  are  useful  and  important. 

There  is  scarcely  an  Antiquary,  or  a 
distinguished  Naturalist  of  the  time, 
with  whom  Thoresby  was  not  more 
or  less  acquainted ;  and  there  was  no 


one  with  whom  he  was  acquainted 
whose  name  does  not  appear  in  hit 
Diary.  With  many  he  was  upon  terms 
of  close  intimacy.  Not  inferior  in  in- 
terest or  in  value  to  the  Diary,  are  the 
letters  which  accompany  it.  Among 
the  naturalists  whom  Thoresby  had  the 
honour  to  reckon  among  his  friends, 
and  whose  letters  are  found  in  the  cor- 
respondence, were  Lister,  Evelyn, 
Ray,  Woodward,  and  Sloane.  cut 
the  band  of  Antiquaries  of  the  time 
whom  Thoresby  numbered  among  his 
friciids,  and  whose  letters  grace  this 
collection  of  original  correspondence, 
consists  of  the  distinguished  names  of 
Nicolson,  Gibson,  the  Gales,  Smith, 
Lhwyd,  Hickes,  Strype,  Heame,  and 
Baker. 

The  attention  of  Thoresby  was  not 
so  dissipated  over  the  wide  field  which 
his  curiosity  induced  him  to  explore, 
as  not  to  be  brought  to  settle  on  any 
particular  point.  In  fact,  there  were 
two  subjects  to  which  his  attention 
seems  to  have  been  more  particolarty 
directed,  and  which  serrea  as  points 
about  which  to  wind  the  information 
which  he  collected  in  his  reading,  in 
his  journies,  and  by  the  conversation 
and  correspondence  of  his  friends.  A 
taunt  of  the  Romanists  that  the  Eng- 
lish Protestants  had  not  encouraged 
virtue,  piety,  and  charity  as  their  fore- 
fathers had  done,  early  roased  a  spirit 
of  inquiry  into  the  justice  of  the  charge/ 
and  he  exulted  in  the  numerous  list  of 
Protestant  benefactors  he  was  able  to 
collect :  he  was  ever  in  the  pursuit  of 
them,  and  wherever  he  found  them, 
he  not  only  held  them  in  high  esteem, 
but  he  transferred  to  his  paper  the  re- 
cord of  their  liberal  deeds.  The  his- 
tory of  his  native  town,  Leeds  and  the 
district  surrounding  it,  the  lioidis  and 
the  Elmeie  of  Bede,  was  another  point. 
The  Ducatus  contains  the  results,  bat 
it  is  in  this  Diary  that  we  learn  how 
he  collected  the  information  which 
that  volume  contains.  We  see  some 
of  his  topographical  theories  in  their 
rudiments,  and  persons  interested  in 
these  inquiries  may  have  the  same  gr^ 
tification  from  these  volumes  which  is 
aflbrded  by  the  sight  of  the  earlier  ef- 
forts of  the  artist  before  he  produces  a 
finished  engraving. 

This  subject,  however,  led  directlj 
to  another.  The  field  of  his  topomr 
phical  inquiries  became  extended  oe* 
yond  its  original  limits.  The  whole  oP 
the  great  county  lay  before  him  Ibea 


1830.] 


Review^ — Diarg  of  Ralph  ThoresLg. 


wholly  undcscribcd.  It  <lo^  nol  ap- 
pear thii  he  ever  mediiaied  a  work 
upon  the  history  of  the  county  at  large; 
but  his  ccplleciions  had  a  hearing  unou 
that  object,  and  particularly  his  bio- 
graphical collections,  for  it  is  et ideut 
that  it  was  enough  that  a  maa  was 
Eboracentit,  to  be  entitled  to  more 
than  the  ordinary  curiosity  and  the 
derotion  ofThoresby. 

We  should  think  that  this  work 
must  possess  very  peculiar  claims  upon 
the  attention  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
county  of  York  ;  but  we  are  sure  the 
people  of  Leeds  and  its  neighbourliood 
will  6nd  it  •  work  of  very  surpassing 
interest,  exhibiting  as  it  does  in  such 
minute  detail  the  studies,  the  habits, 
and  the  pursuits  of  their  own  anti- 
quary, whom  we  here  find  to  have 
lieen  also  a  useful  townsman,  taking 
an  active  part  in  all  the  aflfairs  of  the 
borough,  intercstint;  himself  in  erery 
thing  which  tended  to  advance  the 
welfare  of  the  place,  and  sympathizing 
in  all  the  private  sorrows  of  his  neigh- 
bours. 

The  peculiarities  of  Thoresby's  own 
situation  and  character  afford  in  these 
pages  an  agreeable  subject  of  contem- 
plation. His  father  was  a  merchant, 
and  he  was  trained  to  merchandize. 
In  the  early  part  of  his  life  he  was  sent 
to  Holland  to  complete  his  mercantile 
education ;  but  be  ne%'er  made,  as  he 
sjys  of  himself,  a  merchant  worth  a 
farthing,  nor  ^t  back  in  profit  the 
money  which  it  cost  him  to  become 
free  of  one  of  the  commercial  compa- 
nies of  the  time.  He  sustained  in  this 
character  great  losses,  and  it  was  not 
till  he  was  free  from  trade,  and  had 
retired  u)>on  a  small,  very  small,  inde- 
pendence, that  he  was  free  from  many 
harassing  anxieties,  and  had  much  en- 
joyment of  life.  We  see  him  also  em- 
iKirjssed  still  more  in  his  religions  pro* 
fession.  There  is  no  more  prominent 
feature  in  his  character  thnn  n  deep 
and  earnest  feeling;  of  reli;4ion.  It 
sometimes  appears  in  the  Diary  ex- 
pressed in  lam^uagi.*  whi'^h  is  almost 
eloquent.  It  had  been  wrought  into 
his  mitid  by  his  pious  father,  who  was 
one  of  the  Puritan  branches  of  the 
great  Protestant  family,  and  who  had 
borne  arms  in  the  Parliament  service. 
The  family  of  his  wife,  whom  he 
married  early,  were  also  zealous  Par* 
liamentarians  and  Puritans.  Her 
grandfather  had  sat  in  judgment  oa 
ine  King,  and  sufiercd  death.  Thoret* 


156 

by  was  entering  life  when  the  great 
struggle  was  making  against  the  con- 
solid;ition  of  a  nonconforming  interest 
hs  the  remains  of  the  Puritan  jiany. 
He  and  his  father  were  among  the 
princiMl  persons  at  Leeds  who  con- 
curred in  the  creation  of  a  plan  set 
apart  for  Nonconforming  worship,  as 
soon  as  the  effurts  of  the  Court  were  a 
a  little  relaxed  in  1672,  and  to  the 
Nonconformists  for  nianv  years  he  ad- 
hered. But  time  passecl  on,  and  new 
views  entered  the  mind  of  Thorcsby; 
and  perhaps,  as  far  as  what  relates  to 
himself,  the  most  interestinc  parts  of 
this  Diary  are  those  in  which  the 
struggles  are  exhibited  of  a  very  de- 
vout and  consclcj)tious  mind,  and  the 
arguments  are  here  exhibited,  prepara- 
tory to  his  return  to  the  bosom  of  the 
Church,  in  which  he  remained  to  the 
conclusion  of  his  life. 

Thoresby  was  eminenily  the  reli- 
gious character.  His  devotional  exer- 
cises arc  so  piquant  as  to  excite  sur- 
prise in  such  an  ape  as  this.  His  de- 
votion lost  none  of  Its  fervour  when  he 
became  a  conformist.  In  the  concerns 
of  the  Society  for  Promoiins  Christian 
Knowledge,  and  of  the  Society  for  the 
Propagation  of  the  Gospel,  he  was 
deeply  interested.  Those  who  do  not 
peruse  these  volumes  for  the  value  of 
the  curious  information  they  contaiti 
respecting  the  more  eminent  literary 
characters,  or  the  manners  of  the 
lime,  may  be  edified  by  their  piety, 
while  they  follow  the  reflections  of 
Thoresby's  own  mind,  accompany  him 
in  his  recollections  of  religious  dis- 
courses to  which  he  had  attended,  or 
peruse  the  letters  of  men  distinguished 
among  the  pious  of  an  age  gone  by, 
Ileywood,  Henry,  and  Boyse ;  or  the 
prelates,  Sharp  and  Burnet. 

We  cannot  close  this  notice  without 
ol)8erving  that  we  have  no  where  seen 
accounts  equally  minute  of  the  pro- 
ceedings of  a  community  of  Dissenters 
in  the  most  interesting  period  of  their 
history,  with  those  which  are  here 
exhibited  of  the  Nonconformbts  of 
Leeds. 

We  have  a  good  portrait  of  the 
worthy  man  who^e  life  is  here  so 
plainly  mapped  out  before  us;  and 
there  are  a  few  useful  notes  by  the 
very  able  Editor,  who  has  some* 
times  introduced  original  notices  of 
persons,  chiefly  the  Yorkshire  anti* 
quaries,  who  are  leas  known  to  the 
reader,  and  who  formed  the  literary 


156 


Rbtibw.^Mts.  Bray'f  FUz  of  Fitz-Fwrd. 


[Feb. 


circk    in    which,    when    at    home, 
Thoresby  was  often  to  be  found. 

FUt  of  FUxrflofnIf  a  Lq^  cf  Devon.  By 
Mn.  B»y ,  AiUhor  <^  De  Foix,  The  frhiie- 
hoodtt  Protatanif  dCe.  dfc.  Dedicated  hy 
permutkm  to  his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Bed" 
fird.  8  voU,  pott  9vo,  Smith  and  £lder. 
18S0. 

IT  has  been  somewhere,  and  we 
think  with  great  truth,  observed,  that 
if  a  man  would  become  a  poet  he 
should  take  up  his  residence  in  a 
mountain-country  t  and  as  we  do  iK>t 
mean  to  quote  this  remark  as  if  re- 
stricted to  writers  in  metre  only,  tve 
may  assert  that  "  Fits  of  Fitz-Ford  '* 
will  form  a  striking  example  of  its 
truth.  This  is  now  the  fourth  Ro- 
mance, from  the  pen  of  Mrs.  Bray, 
which  has  been  noticed  in  these  pages. 
Characteristic  and  instructive  as  the 
others  are,  to  this,  for  the  reason  above 
assigned,  depending  on  the  circum- 
stances under  which  it  has  been  writ- 
ten, we  are  disposed  to  give  the  palm. 
Mrs.  Bray  is  evidently  a  Keen  observer 
of  nature,  whether  in  the  varied  per- 
sonages, of  all  degrees,  "  who  strut  and 
fret  their  hour  on  the  staee  of  human 
life,**  or  in  the  scenery  of  that  magni- 
ficent theatre  in  which  they  act, 

"  —  the  forms  eternal  of  created  thingi. 
The  radiant  Son,  the  Moon's  nocturnal  lamp. 
The  mountains,  woods,  and   streams,  the 

rollmg  globe, 
■         the  green  earth,  the  wild  resounding 

waves. 
With  light  and  shade  alternate,  warmth  and 

ooia. 
And  clear  autumnal  skies,  and  vernal  showers, 
And  all  the  fiur  variety." 

Placed  in  a  situation  where  these 
beautiful  features  are  continually  be- 
fore the  eye,  the  most  callous  and  in- 
sensible heart  must,  in  some  degree, 
acknowledge  their  influence.  What, 
then,  must  he  their  efiect  on  a  pure 
and  polished  imagination,  in  which,  as 
by  nature's  mirror,  the  glassy  lake,  each 
surrounding  object  is  reflected,  if  in  a 
new  position,  still  with  the  strictest 
truth — a  truth  which  the  writer  stu- 
dious of  nature  will  find  acknowledged 
by  that  universal  responsive  fethng 
which  her  great  Author  has  implanted 
in  the<  human  breast,  accordant  with 
bis  works. 

The  scene  of  Mrs.  Bray*s  Romance, 
as  she  tells  us  in  the  Introduction,  is 
laid  in  the  immediate  neighbourhood 
ofher  own  residcuce,  Tavistock.    The 


traditions  of  the  place  have  afforded 
her,  it  appears,  some  slight  gtoond- 
work  for  her  story ;  one  otwhich  my*, 
that  Judge  Glanvile,  who  flourished  in 
the  reign  of  Elisabeth,  condemned  his 
own  daughter  to  death.  And  Prince 
has  told  us,  that  Sir  John  Fitz,  cooo- 
sellor-at-law  and  sheriff  of  Devon,  io 
the  above-mentioned  sera,  was  much 
addicted  to  the  study  of  judicial  astn^ 
logy,  and  that  casting  the  nativity  of 
his  child,  even  at  the  moment  of  its 
taking  place,  found  by  "  these  artf 
inhibited  and  out  of  warrant*'  that  he 
would  come  to  an  unlucky  end.  It 
fell  out  indeed  as  the  astrologer  hadi 
predicted  :  this  son  having  attained  tp 
manhood,  killed  his  neighbour.  Sir  Ni- 
cholas Slanning,  in  a  duel,  and  sub> 
seaurntly  ended  his  days  by  soicklc. 

VVe  should  infringe  oo  the  miMd 
limits  appropriated  in  these  colDmos  to 
a  review,  if  we  should  particularly  d^ 
tail  the  plot  which  Mrs.  Bnj  baa  con- 
structed on  the  above  hioti,  or  ahottii 
attempt  to  describe  all  the  chanctert 
introduced  into  her  Romance.  Her  in- 
timate acquaintance  with  hiatoiy,  and 
ancient  manners  in  general,  and  her 
local  experience  in  Devtm,  hat  afibrded 
her  great  advantages  in  Uie  fonnatkm 
of  her  tale.  Thus  we  hare  bold  and 
masterly  sketches  of  cavern  acencf,  in 
which  the  bands  of  oatlawed  niinen» 
who  infested  Danmoor  in  the  time  of 
Elizabeth,  are  the  actors.  Levi,  a 
Jew,  an  agent  for  the  ilknal  traflk  of 
these  men,  is  a  particulaily  wdl-cM^ 
ccived  and  finely-sostained  character. 

The  scene  in  which  Mrs.  Alice 
Phytic  (a  proper  name,  by  the  bfe,  of 
frec^uent  occurrence  among  the  De- 
vonian commonalty)  details  to  Master 
Barnabas,  the  instructor  of  the  LdBtin 
boys  in  the  Schola  Regia  Tavisiacbi 
ensis,  Mike  of  the  Mount,  the  Min- 
strel, &c.  seated  round  the  kilchen-fira 
of  the  knightly  mansion  of  Fita-Fonlt 
the  ule  of  Judge  Glanvile  condemnit^, 
in  his  legal  office,  h:s  own  daughter  to 
death,  is  such,  as  we  conceive,  may  be 
fairly  paralleled  with  Corporal  Thin*s 
relation  of  his  young  master's  death  to 
the  inmates  of  the  kitchen,  in  the 
pases  of  that  great  master  of  the  eoids 
of  human  sympathy,  Sleme.  (See  voL 
i.  p.  229  '^  '^0  We  extract  a  portion 
of  the  death-bed  scene  of  Sir  Ha^ 
Fitz  (Mrs.  Bray  seems  to  bavo  taken 
the  liberty  of  designating  him  Una||i 
instead  ofJohn,  his  real  nama»  IbrSo 
sake  of  distinguishing  bin  from  his  ill- 


1830.] 


Rbvibw.— Mn.  Biay*8  Fitx  of  FUz-Ford. 


fiijetl  ton),  as  we  think  this  psssage 
fairly  illustraiite  of  hrr  talent  for  ine 
pathetic,  and  as  it  turns  on  the  final 
melancholy  catastrophe  of  the  tale. 

*'  Sir  Hagh  now  lay  ntcDcled  oa  hit  bed, 
hit  heaA  aaid  amt  propped  up  by  piUovt, 
drmwiog  hit  breath  vitn  pato,  sod  oov  sad 
then  rsJtiag  tbosa  evat  to  heavtOt  io  which 
tha  watary  rheum  oi  dittolution  htd  already 
tattled,  randeriog  din  avvry  remaioing  tpark 
of  light  aod  animataoo.  The  dainpt  of  death 
hung  oo  hit  hro»,  at  these,  with  piout  care, 
were  from  time  to  time  wiped  off  by  the  hand 
of  that  beloved  ton  who  bow  ttood  fixed, 
with  a  cmiateoaace  all  torrow,  by  hit  tide. 

*'  Hit  wife  wat  not  present  i  fpr  Lady  Fits 
wat  one  of  thoeepertont  whote  refinement  of 
feeling*  anaiont  to  tpare  ittelf,  but  lett  care- 
fnl  of  the  feelinffs  of  the  djing,  could  not 
bear  the  tight  ofdeath.  She  had  therefore 
thuaned  the  partner  of  years,  of  weal,  and 
woe,  whiltt  the  vital  tpark  yet  glimmered  era 
it  espirtd  i  and,  but  for  the  filud  luve  of  Sir 


John  FiUy  the  death-bed  of  the  old 
would  bare  been  Uh  to  the  attendance  of 
menialt  and  that  of  Savegrace,  a  puritanical 
ntnitter,  who,  during  the  latter  yeart  of  Sir 
Hugh't  life,  had  managed  to  find  oonti- 
deraUe  fiivour  in  hit  sighs.** 

"  John  Fits  supported  Sir  Hugh  in  hit 
anns,  and  the  old  man's  head  rested  on  the 
bosom  of  bis  son.  *  John,'  taki  be,  '  my  dear 
boy,  whtltt  I  lived,  I  (eared  to  tell  you  what  I 
would  BOW  reveal  in  my  last  momentt  {  for  it 
most  not  go  down  a  secret  with  bm  to  the 
mve.— At  thy  birth  there  was  an  evil  in- 
luaoce  of  the  liaavaBa»  that  foretold  a  fearful 
•ad  to  thee,  and  that  by  vioUiU  meant. — 
Yoa  have  a  hot  temper,  apt  to  ttir  at  strife. 
^PhNBise  ate,  before  I  die,  that  you  will 
shun  to  draw  your  sword  on  occasions  of 
quarrel ■  ■promise  it,  and  I  shall  die  in 
peace.'  oir  Hugh  spoke  these  wordt  with 
so  much  effort,  and  in  such  a  low  tone,  that 
it  was  only  by  the  rivetted  attention  with 
which  John  Fits  Usteaed,  that  he  coukl  un- 
derstand their  unport.  He  did  so  however, 
and  replied  in  a  vmce  fuU  of  emotion^  '  I 
will  promite  thity  my  dear  fiuhar ;  yon  shall 
be  obeyed.* 

*'  Toe  fiither  csQght  these  expressions  of 
obedience  to  his  last  couatel  witn  eager  Joy ; 
fur  an  instant  his  eye  brightened,  and  life 
seemed  to  revhre  like  the  flame  of  a  lamp 
which  is  seen  to  leap  up  but  the  momeat 
before  iu  total  eatJactioa.  He  proaooaced 
the  words, '  God  bless  you,  my  soa  !*  ia  a 
ditttnet  voice ;  hot*  ia  aaother  moment,  the 
trantient  aaimatioa  of  hb  eouateaaace  was 
cone,  and  the  rigi£^  ofdeath  ahowed  itaelf 
la  every  faatare.  fu  soak  back  ia  a  swooa^ 
from  which  ha 


In  closing  these  brief  ooticcs  we 
would  obaenre,  that  we  think  the  cen- 
sure  of  Mrs.  Braj  oo  the  love  of  family 


157 

pedigree  (vol.  i.  p.  89),  howevei  keenly 
pointed,  somewhat  hard  opon  us  as 
antiquaries :  a  respect  for  a  long  line  of 
distinguished  and  honourable  ancestors 
is,  or  ought  to  he,  some  incentive  to 
virtuous  conduct.  It  may  be  also  re- 
marked, that  notes,  whether  personal 
or  illustrative,  which  have  a  tendeo^ 
to  bring  the  reader  from  the  illusion  to 
which  he  has  willingly  submitted  his 
imagination,  back  to  the  present  time, 
had  much  better  be  incorporated  in 
the  introduction,  or  at  least  be  placed 
at  the  end  of  a  work  of  fiction.  It  is 
in  our  opinion,  and  wc  care  not  what 
authority  may  sanction  a  contrary  prac- 
tice, very  erroneous  judgment  to  let 
the  reader  too  frequently  behind  the 
scenes.  We  conclude  with  expressing 
our  hearty  approbation  of  <*  Fitz  of 
Fitz-Ford,**  whether  for  the  sound 
principles  of  religion  and  morality 
which  it  every  where  incidentally  ia- 
cnlcates,  its  lively  delineations  of  cha- 
racter, its  faithful  pictures  of  ancient 
manners  and  Devonian  scenery,  or  the 
simplicity  of  style  with  which  it  is 
penned.  Indeed  the  last  is  a  point 
which  we  think  worthy  of  peculiar 
commendation ;  there  is  nothing  of 
pedantry  and  aflfecution  in  the  diction 
of  this  tale;  none  of  the  Hellenism 
and  Latinity  which  learning  is  often 
tempted  to  engraft  on  the  English 
tongue.  We  sospect  that  Mrs.  Bray, 
while  composing  these  volumes,  has 
kept  her  eye  fixedly  on  our  own  great 
Shakspeare,  ainl  on  Cervantes,  as  he 
appears  in  the  excellent  translation  of 
his  Don  Quixote  by  Jarvis ;  and  we 
will  venture  to  predict  that  her  reivard 
will  be  a  permanent  name  among  the 
first  class  of  the  writen  of  amusing  and 
instructive  fiction  ;  and  that  when  the 
numerous  works,  depicting  the  in- 
trigues, the  follies,  and  the  habits  of 
fashionable  life,  in  the  present  age, 
.shall  sleep  in  undisturbedT  repose  and 
oblivion  with  the  real  characters  whieh 
they  pretend  to  delineate,  Mrs.  Bray*a 
Romances  will  sorrive,  an  example  of 
the  permanence  secured  by  an  adhe- 
rence to  the  simplicity  of  nature. 

These  volumes  are  interspersed  with 
several  pleasing  pieces  of  poetry  from 
the  pen  of  the  Rev.  £.  A.  Bray,  to  one 
of  which,  a  ballad  on  the  superstitious 
custom  of  looking  throagh  the  key- 
hole of  the  church-door  on  Midsummer 
eve,  we  have  given  a  place  in  our 
"  FdetVCorner." 


[     168    ] 


[Feb. 


LITERARY  AND  SCIENTIFIC  INTELLIGENCE.  ' 


Just  Published,  or  Nearly  Ready. 

Stuart  and  Revett's  Antiquities  of 
Athens,  Part  10,  with  Supplement,  which 
completes  Vol.  IV.  and  the  Work. 

The  whole  Interior  of  King  Henry  the 
Seventh's  Chapel  at  Westminster,  consisting 
of  a  Series  of  Practical  Drawings  of  Plans, 
Elevations,  Interior  Perspective,  Views, 
Sections,  Details,  Mouldings,  Ornaments, 
and  Sculpture  of  the  Chapel,  dmwn  from 
actual  admeasurements.  Bjr  L.  N.  Cottino- 
UAM,  Architect;  with  Observations  on  Go* 
thic  Architecture,  &c. 

Travels  in  Russia,  and  a  Residence  in  St. 
Petersburg  and  Odessa,  in  the  years  1827, 
1828,  and  1829.  Bv  Edward  Morton, 
M.  B.  Member  of  the  Royal  College  of 
Physicians,  London. 

Nineteen  Sermons  on  Prayer.  By  the 
Compiler  of  «  The  School  Prayer  Book." 

Memoirs  of  Sir  James  Campbell,  of  Ard- 
kioglaas,  written  by  himself. 

Sir  Rjtlph  Esher,  or  Memoirs  of  a  Geo- 
tlemea  of  tlie  Court  of  Cliarles  II. 

Personal  Memoirs  of  Pryce  Gordon,  Esq. 

Tlie  Private  Correspondence  of  John  Pin- 
kerton,  Esq.  Edited  by  Dawson  Turner, 
Esq. 

The  Correspondence  of  Sir  John  Sinclair, 
Bart. 

Musical  Memoirs,  or  an  Account  of  the 
State  of  Music  in  England,  from  the  first 
Commemoration  of  Handel  in  Westminster 
Abbey,  in  1784,  to  182S,  with  Anecdotes 
of  the  Professors.     By  W.  T.  Parki. 

The  Life  of  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence.  By 
T.  Campbell,  Esq. 

The  Life  of  Titian.  By  James  North- 
cote,  Esq. 

The  Life  of  Henry  Fuseli,  R.  A.  By 
John  Knowles,  Esq. 

Personal  Memoirs  of  Capt.  Cooke.  Writ- 
ten by  himself. 

Life  of  Sir  Joseph  Banks,  with  Selections 
from  his  Correspondence.  By  a  Member 
of  the  Royal  Society. 

The  Life  of  Jolm  Hampden.  By  Lord 
Nugent. 

History  of  Modem  Greece.  By  James 
Emerson,  Esq. 

Private  History  of  the  French  Cabinet, 
daring  the  period  of  the  Directory,  the 
Consulate,  and  the  Reign  of  Napoleon.  By 
M.  BouRRiENNs,  Private  Secreury  to  the 
Emperor. 

An  Account  of  the  Subversion  of  the 
Constitution  in  Portugal  by  Don  Miguel. 
By  Lord  Porch  ester. 

Commentaries  of  the  Life  and  Reign  of 
Charles  I.  Vols.  3  and  4.  By  I.  DTsraeli, 
Esq. 

A  Voyage  to  the  Pacific  and  Behring's 
Strait.  By  Capt.  F.  W.  Beecuev,  R.  N. 
in  which  Pitcalrn*s  Ireland,  Talieiti,  Kamts- 


chatka.  Loo  Choo,  and  other  places  in  the 
Pacific,  were  visited. 

Travels  among  the  Bedouins  and  WaliA- 
bees.  By  the  late  John  Lewis  Burk- 
HARDT,  Esq. 

Travels  in  various  Parts  of  Pern ;  com- 
prising a  Year's  Residence  at  Potosi.  By 
Edmund  Temple. 

Travels  in  Poland  and  the  Crimea,  and 
various  Parts  of  the  Turkish  Empire.  By 
the  late  James  Webster,  Esq.  of  the  Inner 
Temple. 

Letters  from  Nova  Scotia ;  or.  Sketches 
of  a  Young  Country.  By  Capt.  W.  Moor- 
som. 

Notes  on  Hayti,  made  doriog  a  R^idence 
in  that  Republic.  By  Charles  Mackenzie, 
Esq.,  late  Consul-General  at  Hinrti. 

Four  Years  Residence  In  the  West  Indies. 
By  F.  W.  H.  Bayley. 

A  New  Novel,  from  the  pen  of  Mr.  Ho- 
race Smith,  entitled  <' Walter  Colyton," 
a  Tale  of  the  Court  4»f  James  IL 

The  Barony,  a  Romance.  By  Miss  A. 
M.  Porter. 

The  Verb  of  the  English  I«ogiiage  Ex- 
plained. 

Preparing  fir  PubHcatim. 

Letters  on  the  Phrsicsl  History  of  tihe 
Earth,  addressed  to  Professor  BlniDefliheeh. 
By  the  late  J.  A.  De  Luc,  F.R.S.  Pirofcesor 
of  Philosophy  and  GeolcMty  tt  Ooftiago. 
Translated  horn  the  Frenco.         ^ 

Notices  of  Braxil  in  1828*9.  Bjtht  Rcr. 
R.  Walsh,  LL.D.  &c 

The  three  Histories  :  the  History  of  w 
Enthusiast ;  the  History  of  an  Enerv^ ;  the 
H  istory  of  a  Misanthrope.  By  M  aku  Javi 
Jewsbuiiy. 

Essay  on  Superstition ;  being  an  Inquiiy 
Into  the  Effects  of  Physical  Influence  on  the 
Mind,  In  the  Production  of  Dreams,  Vbions, 
Ghosts,  and  other  supernatural  Appearances. 
By  VV.  Newnham,  Esq.  Author  of  ATribatc 
of  Sympathy,  &c. 

Oxford  English  Prize  Essays,  aow  finl 
collected. 

Dr.  Lardner  intends  to  devote  eight  tro* 
lumes  of  his  Cyclopeedla  to  the  Lives  of  the 
most  illustrious  literary  and  scientifio  Cha- 
racters, since  the  Revival  of  Letters  in  Sn- 
rope  to  the  present  day.  Mr.  T.  MoORB 
is  engaged  in  writing  a  Life  of  Petnreh. 
Lives  of  the  most  lllostrions  Naval  Cha- 
racters are  to  be  written  by  Mr.  Southet, 
and  the  Military  ones  by  the  Rev.  O.  IL 
Gleio.  The  Bishop  of  Cloyne  contribotee 
to  the  scientific  department. 

A  fiunlllar  Treatise  on  Life  Aasnnncen  mad 
Annuities.  By  Robert  Rankin,  SecietMy 
to  the  Bristol  Union  Fire  aad  Lift  Ii 
Company. 


1H30.] 


Literary  Intelligence, 


159 


A  dMcriptivt  Road-Book  for  tht  Um  of 
Travellers  la  CrennMy.     By  £.  A.  Domeiu. 

Ciiropielet  of  m  School-Room ;  or,  Cha- 
nicicrt  ia  Youth  and  Age.  By  Mrt.  S.  C* 
Hall. 

Arcaoa  of  Science  attd  Register  of  tho 
useful  Arte»  for  1830. 

The  Livlog  Temple,  in  which  Man  is  con- 
sidered in  his  true  relation  to  the  urrlinary 
Occupations  and  Pursuits  of  Life.  By  the 
Author  of  **  The  Morning  and  Evening  Sa- 
crifice," &c. 

Discourses  on  the  Milleooiom,  the  Doc- 
trine of  Blection,  Justification  hy  Faith,  the 
Assurance  of  Faith,  and  the  Freeness  of  the 
Gospel,  &c.  By  the  Rev.  Michael  Rut- 
BEL,  LL.D.  Author  of  **  A  Connection  of 
Sacred  and  Pro&oe  History/'  &c. 

A  Second  Series  of  Stories  from  the 
History  of  Scotland.  By  the  Rev.  Alexan- 
der Stewart. 

A  complete  History  of  the  Jews,  in  An- 
cient and  Modern  I'imes.  By  the  Rev. 
Georoi  Ckoly. 

Cambridge,  Feb.  5. 

Dr.  Smith's  annual  prizes  of  95/.  each  to 
the  two  best  proficieois  in  mathematical  and 
natural  philusopy,  among  tlie  commeuciog 
Bachelors  of  Aru,  were  on  Friday  last  ad- 
judged  to  Mr.  Steventon,  of  Corpus  Chri^i 
College,  and  Mr.  Heaviside,  of  Sydney  Sussex 
College,  tlie  third  and  second  Wranglers. 

The  Norrisian  prize  fur  the  year  1899 
was  on  Monday  last  adjudged  to  Wm.  Sel- 
wyn.  Esq.  B  A.  Fellow  of  St.  John's  College, 
for  his  Essay  on  the  following  subject  :— 
**  The  Doctrine  of  Types,  and  its  influence 
on  the  Interpretation  of  the  New  TeaU* 
ment." 

Lord  Byron,  Mr.Morray,  and  Mr.  Col- 
burn. 

At  a  Trade  Sale,  Feb.  19,  at  the  Albion, 
amongst  other  things  submitted  to  the 
hammer,  were  the  copy-riffhts  of  65  of  Lord 
Byron's  minor  poems.  Mr.  Hanson,  one  of 
Lord  Byron's  executors,  and  tlie  two  great 
publishers,  Messrs.  Murray  and  Colburn, 
uere  present.  Upon  the  lot  being  put  up, 
Mr.  Murray  was  the  first  biilder  at  dOO 
pounds  :  the  bidding  went  on  till  it  amounted 
to  the  enormous  sum  of  3,700  guineas,  when 
it  was  knocked  down  to  Mr.  Murray.  At 
this  moment  Mr.  Colburn  claimed  the  pur- 
chase, and  much  altercation  ensued,  when  the 
room  became  in  a  state  o(  complete  confu- 
sion,the  Company  conteuding  on  tlie  one  hand 
tlutt  it  was  Mr.  Murray's,  and  Mr.  Colburn 
on  the  otlier  that  It  was  hie.  It  was  a  very 
considerable  time  before  Mr.  Colburn  could 
get  a  hearing,  when  ht  submitted  tlie  case 
to  the  company :  he  stated  tliat  lie  had  given 
tlie  auctMineer  unlimited  authority  to  go  cm 
bidding  till  lie  desired  him  to  stop,  which 
the  auctioneer  did  not  deny.  Finally,  Mr. 
Colburn  wrj  handsomely  gave  the  puichaee 
up  to  Mr.  Miarray^  whkh  informRtioo  waa 


received  by  the  company  in  terms  of  accla- 
mation {  when,  afier  an  hour's  altercation, 
the  business  of  the  day  went  on. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  poems,  most 
if  not  all  of  which  have  been  already  pub- 
lished : 

On  leaving  Newstead  Abb^-« Epitaph  on 
a  Fried— A  Fragment — ^The  "Tear — An 
Occasional  Prologue — On  the  Death  of  Mr. 
Fox — Stanzas  to  a  Lvly  with  the  Poems  of 
Camoens— To  M.— To  Woman^To  M.  S. 
O. — Song— To  «— . — ^To  Mary,  on  re- 
ceiving her  Picture — Damsetas— To  Marion 
—Oscar  of  Alva— To  the  Duke  of  D.— 
Adrian's  Address  to  his  Soul  when  dying — ' 
Translation — ^Translations,  from  CatulTos, 
— of  the  Epitaph  on  Virgil  and  Tibullos-— 
from  Catullus — fmiuted  firom  Catolhii — 
Translations  firom  Anacreon.  To  his  Lyre; 
Ode  HI.^FragmenuofSchool  Exercises-^ 
Episode  of  Nisus  and  Euryalus — ^Translation 
from  the  Media  of  Euripides — ^Thoughts 
suggested  \y  a  Colle/;e  Examination — ^To 
the   EaH  of  . — Granta,    a  Medley — 

Lachin  y  Oair — To  Romance — Elegy  on 
Newstead   Abbey— The  Death  of  Calmer 

and  Oria— To  E.  N.  L.,  Esq.— To  .— 

Stanzas — Lines,  written  beneath  an  Elm  in 
Harrow  Church-yard — English  Bards  and 
Scotch  Reviewers — Notes  to  English  Bards 
ami  Scotch  Reviewers— Waltz :  an  Apoetro- 

Ehic  Hymn — Farewell  to  Englaod-*To  my 
Uughter,  on  the  Morning  of  her  Birth—i 
To  Jessy— Son|(  to  Inez — lAnn  to  T. 
Moore,  Esq. — Ode — Curse  of  Minerva- 
Lord  Byron  to  his  Lady— Lines  found  in 
the  Traveller's  Book  at  Chamouni— Child- 
ish Recollections— To  a  Lady— «*  On  this 
Day  I  complete  my  Thirty-sixth  Year."— • 
Lord  Byron's  Reply  to  Lines  written  by  Mr. 
Fitzgerald  — Windsor  Poetics  —  Werner- 
Heaven  and  Earth — Vision  of  Judgment— 
The  Island — Age  of  Bronze — Deformed 
Transformed^Mortgante  Maggiore— Par- 
liamentary Speeches — Eight  Poems  printed 
in  Mr.  Hobhouse's  Miscellanies. 

The  copyright  of  eleven  cantos  of  Don 
Juan,  (V.  to  XVI.)  was  the  next  lot  sold, 
which  was  bought  in  hy  the  executors  of 
Lord  Byron  for  3 1 0  guineas. 


French  Drama. 

Katice  of  Gustavus  Adolphus,  a  Tragedy  in 
Five  AcUj  by  Lucien  Arnault* 

Historians,  poets,  orators,  et  hoe  gcimt 
omnCf  have  made  Gostavus  Adolphus  the 
subject  of  their  lucubrations ;  we  are  not, 
therefore,  aatonished,  that  the  event  which 
terminated  his  career  has  been  introduced 
at  the  Theatre  Fran^ais.  The  Rev.  Walter 
Harte,  about  seventy  years  since,  wrote  the 
history  of  his  life ;  in  which,  if  he  had  de- 
voted aa  much  attention  to  style  and  eom- 
iM>si:ion,  as  he  has  to  profound  research, 
le  would  have  produced  a  master>piece  :  he 
has,  liowever,  fulfilled  the  more  imporunt 
branch  of  his  duty  as  a  biographer,  and  has. 


lOO 


ArnaulVt  Tragedy  of  Guttaoui  Adolphiu. 


[Feb. 


in  consequence*  coosidenble  claims  upon 
the  public  gratitude ;  at  any  rate  he  has  the 
approbation  of  those  who  can  duly  appre- 
ciate laborious  inquiry,  although  unaocom- 
panied  with  the  graces  of  rhetoric,  or  the 
tinsel  of  fiction,  that  essential  to  the  popu- 
larity of  a  modem  work.  Mr.  Harte  s  ac- 
count of  the  death  of  Gustavus  may  be 
summed  up  as  follows  : — 

On  the  39th  Oct.  1639,  Gustavus  took 
leave  of  his  queen,  at  Grfurt,  and  set  out 
for  Naumburg :  his  rapid  advance  from  Ba- 
varia was  unexpected  by  Walstein,  the  Im- 
perialist general,  who  had  then  detached  a 
division  under  Pappenhoim,  to  take  posses- 
sion of  Halle.     Gustavus  having  intercepted 
a  letter  to  an  Imperialist  officer,  ordering  him 
to  hasten  to  H*lle»  and  come  on  with  Pappen- 
lieim  to  join  the  main  body,  he  immediately 
decided   on  attacking  Walstein   while  hit 
forces  were  scattered.     The  5:.h  Nov.  was 
occupied  in  advancing ;  and  by  die  evening 
of  that  day,  the  armies  were  in  presence  on 
the  plain  of  Lutxen,  separated  only  by  the 
high  road  from  Leipsicy  on  each   side  of 
which  was  a  deep  ditch.     Gustavus  passed 
the  night  in  his  coach.     His  intention  was 
to  attack  the  enemy  before  dawn,   but  a 
thick  mist  prevented  him.     He  had  divine 
service  performed  early ;  and  at  nine  o'clock 
he  rode  through  the  lines,  and  haraneued 
his  troops ;  he  then  put  himself  at  the  head 
of  the  right  wing,  accompanied  by  the  Duke 
of  Saxe-Lauenburg,    several  aicb-de-oarop, 
and  a  few  of  his  household.     When  the 
action  had  commenced,   he  observed  that 
some  of  the  brigades  did  not  advance,  like 
the  others,  to  pus  the  ditch ;  he  rode  up 
and  called  out  to  them,  to  stand  firm  at  least, 
and  see  their  master  die.     The  king's  ad- 
dress had  the  desired  effect;  he  advanced 
against  the  enemy,  and  soon  received  a  mor- 
tal wound.     Pappenhetm  arrived  during  the 
engagement,  but  with  only  a  part  of  his 
^vision :  he  took  his  fiivourite  post,  (tlutt 
opposed  to  Gustavus,)    but  while  giving 
some  orders,  he  was  struck  by  a  falconet 
ball,  which  caused  his  death.     Piccolomini 
nroained  on  the  field  till  the  last ;  he  re> 
ceived  several  wounds,  but  would  not  retire ; 
he  even  attempted  to  carry  off  the  dead  budy 
of  Gustavus. 

Lauenburg  Is  accused  of  being  concerned 
in  the  king's  death.  A  story  is  related  of  a 
personal  affront  he  received  from  Gustavus, 
and  which  excited  his  resentmeut :  this 
anecdote  may  suit  a  romance,  and  is  thought 
to  have  had  iu  origin  south  of  the  Alps ; 
se  nen  e  vero,  c  bm  trwato,  Riccio  {de 
btlUs  Germanieis)  declares  it  anUemfabeUam, 
tnuiiercularem  deliramtntum.  As  all  who 
%sere  near  Gustavus  peruhed,  except  Lauen- 
burg, who  immediately  rode  out  of  the 
batUe,  without  communicating  tlie  circum- 
stance to  Duke  Bernard  of  Weimar,  or  the 
Swedish  general  Kniphauseo,  the  Swedes  to 
this  day  believe  that  he  gave  some  signal, 
and  WIS  thus  accessary  to  the  event;  but 


whether  his  motives  be  founded  on  a  privUe 
injury,  or  In  fanaticism  for  the  Imperial 
cause,  cannot  at  thii  distance  of  time  be 
determined. 

To  confine  a  dramatist  to  historical  fiiet 
would  be  unreasonable,  for  some  latitnda  is 
necessary  for  the  play  of  imagination ;  but 
in  the  present  case,  the  uncertainty  which 
attaches  to  the  king's  death,  justifies  the 
introduction  of  even  doubtful  cireomstanoea. 
Mr.  Arnault  represents  Lauenburg  as  smart- 
ing with  a  recollection  of  the  injury  he  haa 
received  from  Gusuvus,    who  generously 
apologises  to  him.  This  maenanimity  placet 
the  duke  in  a  dilemma,  as  he  has  be«i  or- 
dered by  a  secret  tribunal  (a  tort  of  Fldimjf 
to  kill  the  king.    While  in  a  ttate  of  tnt- 
pense,  he  is  reminded  of  hit  duty  by  Fre- 
deric, a  fanatical  student,  who  ftering  the 
duke's  irresolution,  decides  on  committing 
the  act  himself;  he  advances  to  the  tent 
where  Gustavus  is  asleep,  and  fiiet  at  him, 
but  without  effisct:  he  is  then  arretted,  tried, 
and  condemned.    On  the  trial  it  appeara, 
that  the  pistol  he  had  used  belon^^  to 
Lauenburg,  then  presiding ;  but  the  yoong 
enthusiast,  in  order  to  serve  hit  cante,  finds 
an  excuse,  and  congratulates  himtelfy  that 
he  leaves  behind  him  cme  who  la  boond  to 
attempt  the  same  deed.    While  Fftdtrie  it 
awaiting  the  order  for  hit  rseeotioii,  the 
king  enters  and  givea  huB  a  firee  nanioii ; 
which  act  maket  him  at  eethotittUc  in  his 
fiivour,  as  he  wat  befbie  b  the  enoae  of  hia 
enemies. 

The  next  inoident  which  Mr.  Amanh  hat 
invented,  is  the  arrival  of  a  depntttioB  firott 
Sweden,  exhortmg  Guttsvnt  to  pnl  en  end 
to  the  war.  He  decieret  bit  intention  ntber 
to  abdicate ;  which  to  movet  the  deprtke 
that  thev  cease  to  oppose  hia  viewt :  the 
young  Christina  is  publicly  declared  hit  tue* 
cesser,  and  the  crown  is  solemnly  phioed  on 
her  head  by  her  fisther.  Publie  prayer  it 
then  made;  the  signal  for  engagement  b 
given ;  and  Gustavus  is  soon  after  brought 
in  mortally  wounded,  Lauenburg  hamng 
given  the  concerted  signal  to  the  enemy. 
The  king  continues  to  give  orders,  Uvet  to 
hear  the  shout  of  victory,  and  diet  b  the 
embraces  of  his  wife  and  daughter.  Afker 
his  death  Piccolomini  it  introduced,  and 
surrenders  his  sword  to  the  TonX  corpse; 
this  anecdote  is  borrowed  from  Dugueeemn, 
but  though  quite  unfounded  respecting  Que* 
tavos,  is  pernctly  consistent  with  the  per- 
sonal respect  entertained  for  him  by  many  of 
his  enemies. 

The  play  is  decidedly  of  the  cUtuMd 
school,  excepting  of  course  the  tnbatitntion 
of  a  pUUd  for  a  dagger.  Without  a  tingle 
change  of  acene,  the  whole  tragedy  it  re- 
presented in  a  lai^  tout,  decorated  with  the 
Swedish  arms.  It  is  true,  that  bj  oaoa 
cionally  drawing  a  curtain  in  the  tant»  n 
camp  is  rendered  visible ;  but  with  tiiat  en- 
ception,  we  find  the  convenationt  «Ddhi* 
terviewt  of  Gustavus,  the  coniuhationi  ef 


1830.]  jf'^ictni   Tattooing.  161 

compinMn,  th*  trial  of  aeiiBilul,  pnp*-  m  toba  ludcntood.    llii  being doM,  tS« 

niioa  bi  bit  dntti,    puUie  pimjcn,  lad  mui  out  eight  otber  deep  gubcs  on  th*  taft ' 

fiullf   Um  dntb   or  Quiutui,  elt  xikia^  ctiHli  i  ud  [he  onJj  meui  bj  which  ooa 

pbc*  is  tlw  uid   Wnt.     The   luigwg*   u  could  then  Judre  of  the  chlld'i  diitrcN  wm 

digoifiadwtd  bamMioui;  muj  fin*  teiti-  bj  obHrving  ■  luj;s  pool  of  mingled  blood 

BMnU  tro  eabodM  i  end  ic  U  wnelbiog  in  and  teui  on  the  giound,  M  bj  t  eoplou 

fiiour  of  the  ^*o»,  thit  w«  nnt  Hilh  noM  ttreim  flowing  from  th*  fua  <»  th<  littb 

of  thoH  Udioua  ipMchM  in  rhymtilmu,  inoDcent 

which  to   tn^atuiij   maooj   w   in  r  naeh  Tb*  pnlientt  an  ionnablj  left  to  blaad 

plaji.     Howarai  tha  ptiDcipal   buutiai  of  till  thej  btcoma  ioKuible ;  and  death  tra- 

ibii  tiwdf  bear  »  much  raMmbluica  to  qtMntlj  necun  in  wealilj  ouei.    After  eome 

approred  parte  tt  aarce«rul  dnmai,  parti-  daji.  when  their  itrencth  ii  in  a  tnaania 

cularl]'  Epiebarii  and  Marina  Falairo,   (the  Tailored,  ib»  art  pririlegad  to  b«e  in  ihn 

frriKjt  pitcaa  H)  BBmed  are  allnded  lo,)  that  itraiti   tit)  their  woundi  coDpletelj  btal) 

withoDt  pcivlHlj  io<nirTin|f  the  cha^    of  and  thii  doei  not  uite  place  oncntimei  for 

plagkriia,  tba   uthor  can  icaroal;  elajm  four  or  Ere  monlhi  afCtr  the  opention,  lb* 

th*  Mrll  of  origlnalitj.     It  wu   wall  n-  children,   during    that   loog    period,   eanjr 

ceitiil  at  the  fint  nueMnlation  (Ju.  93),  iltndtr  braschei  of  tttet  in  their  hiodt,  in 

bnt  th*  Fnnch  eriltoi  an  divided  in  thaii  order  to  (cat*  vnj  fliei,  which,  on  alijtbt- 

opbiioat  Mpevting  it*  mtrit.      W.  S.  B.  ing  upon  the  laceiated  &e<,  cauea  contider- 

.  able  pain,  ud  occaaioo  it  to  ■well  prodi- 

AraiCiK  TtTTOOIBO.  giooilj.     Thii  imparti  to  the  countenance 

^ExIratUd finm  Lamtcr'i  Rtcanb  1^ jffiieai  "  uoiighll]'  appearance;  one  than  which 

Ttviaotdiitp.  I39-)  nolbing  can  Iw  man  irulj  dliguiliur  i  and 

The  operation  of  taltnaiag,  b*  which  th*  maoT  of  thete  pitiable  object*  >a  obumd 

diSartnt  racai  in  Africa  ar*  diitinniiehtd  in  Uie  deepeet  miierj.  waodeilDg  thrangti 

fiwn  eaeb  oihat  much  nor*  aaiilj  than  1^  the  ilreete  of  Kaiunga,  and   other  citiet, 

anj  natnra]  poeqiiaritv  in  the  eolonr  of  th*  and  dmoet  itarving  for  want  of  food* 
akin,  or  that  pncnl  ^>pmr*nc*,  ii  per-  Whan  a  Yaribean  perpetratet  erer  lo  trt- 

(ocned  bj  a  ibarp  IroD  laitruiiwBt,  aaDi*-  lial  a  crime,  the  tattoo  mark  of  hie  nation 

what  largvr  than,  but  ccnaiDljr  agt  uulik*  it  lo  croaiad  bjr  other  inciiioni,   inflletad 

th*  bbd*  of  a  oommoo  Engliih  ptB-knifa  g  upon  him  by  the  miniiten  of  Joitica,  thit 

•■d  ehitdrra  gnneralljf,  at  tb*  aga  uf  iti  or  it   becomai   utterly   uadiitii^iibabie,  and 

•ana  jean,  nndaigo  thit   paiuol  pnccu,  tha  imprtnioB  of  asotbar  people  ii  aubati- 

which  iadted  cannot   b*  cDeetwl    without  tutcd  on  th*  other  tide  of  th*  {to*  in  it* 

potting  tb*  poor  ereatum  to  aicraciitiog  ttead.     With  thii  brand,  which  can  navn 

torture.     I  law  two  girli  tattooed  at  Katun-  be  *ra**d,  h<  quit*  hii  natin  conntrj,  In 

ga.  In  th*  fallowiog  manner;     Tha  haadi  whiuh  ha  wai  looked  upon  ai 

and  Knt  of  each  b*ing  Gret  bonnd,  the  bead  " < A  nark  tot  Seara 

■*  h*IJ  hj  th*  blb*r,  and  th*  opcrUor  ha-  To  point  hi*  ilow  oDBoriDg  Sugar  at," 


gaa  hii  work  bj  n*Uag  &Te  incitioo*  ud     aad  diai 
th*  fcr«h*if  wfah  lb*  it 


.    . it*ba**d»-     known. 

•crib*dt  ih*  Dttl*  (ufftrcr  aturlag  th*  Dio*t  Tha  mbjiMiMd  ir*  th*  t*ttoo  marki  of  th* 
jii*nili|  tiirwim.  till  tnm  boaneo***  th*  natitea  of  the  mott  eooiiderabl*  comitrt** 
VM  uaiUt  kngtr  In  '7  aloud,  ot  ip*Bk       loinWeileni  and  Central  Africa. 


9- 


OfVT.  Maa.  Atrury,  I  MO. 


E    i««   ] 

ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


[Fi^. 


Society  op  Antiquaries. 

Jatu  98.  Thomas  Amjoty  Esq.  Treasorer, 
in  th«  Qiair. 

Tht  statement  of  George  Constantine 
(noticed  in  oar  last  report,  p.  6(}))  was  read 
to  the  meeting.  It  relates  the  particulars  of  a 
journey  he  took  from  Bristol  by  theAust  pas- 
sage to  Chepstoir,  and  so  into  Wales ;  and 
details  very  nilly  the  poliUcal  discourse  he 
had  with  his  clerical  companions,  the  Dean 
of  Westbury  and  his  brother,  disclosing  se- 
veral particulars  of  historical  importance 
relative  to  the  period,  which  is  that  when 
Henry  the  Eignth  was  contemplating  his 
marriage  with  Anna  of  Cleve. 

Ftb,  4  and  1 1.  Hudson  Gumey,  Esq.  V.P. 
in  the  Chur. 

An  elaborate  essay  by  the  Prince  of 
Canino  (liucien  Buonaparte),  was  received 
through  the  Earl  of  Aberdeen,  the  Pre- 
sident of  the  Society,  to  whom  it  had  been 
transmitted  (in  the  form  of  an  Engl'ish 
translation)  by  Lord  Dudley  Coutts  Stuart 
(who  is  son-in-law  to  the  Prince)  \  and  its 
pemsal  entirely  occupied  these  two  meet- 
ings. It  u  descriptive  of  some  hypogea  of 
Etruscan  vases,  unexampled  in  extent, 
which  have  been  recently  discovered  on  the 
Prince's  estate  at  Canino.  The  first  ex- 
cavations were  made  in  1838;  they  were 
continued  during  last  year  for  four  months, 
and  at  one  time  a  hundred  labourers  were 
employed.  Within  the  space  of  a  rubeo  of 
land  no  less  than  8000  vases  were  ex- 
humed, of  which  about  900  have  inscrip- 
tions. The  general  execution  of  the  pMnt- 
ings  is  of  admirehle  beauty ;  and  is  consi- 
dered by  the  Prioce  to  assert  the  constant 
.superiority  of  lulian  over  Greek  art.  It 
appeara  that  the  site  is  that  of  Vitulonia, 
"  the  seat  of  Italian  grandeur*'  before  Uie 
foundation  of  Rome,  and  which  the  Prince 
appean  to  consider  had  no  longer  any  ex- 
istence afier  the  foundation  of  that  city. 
Upon  this  presumption  he  rests  his  com- 
putation, that  the  deposits  must  have  been 
made  before  that  epoch,  which,  lie  proceeds 
to  observe,  was  400  yeara  previous  to  the 
sere  of  the  perfection  of  the  arts  in  Greece. 
To  maiutain  the  hypothesis  of  this  greatly 
anterior  superiority  of  Italian  art,  a  long 
series  of  ingenious  arp;uments  is  employed; 
whilst,  to  reconcile  this  opinion  (which  has 
been  entertained  only  by  Buonaroti  and 
one  or  two  others)  with  Winckelman  and 
a  host  of  codflicting  authr>r8,  it  is  remarked 
that,  as  a  colony  of  the  Pclasgi,  the  Etrus- 
cans may  by  some  have  been  termed  Greeks, 
without  any  intention  of  confounding  them 
with  the  Heileni.  It  appeared,  however, 
to  l)e  the  general  opinion  of  the  Members 
of  the  Society  present  at  the  reading,  that 


the  Prince  of  Canino  has  assigned  too  early 
a  date  for  the  formation  of  these  hypogea ; 
in  consequence,  as  it  seems,  of  having  dis- 
regarded the  probability  that  the  town  to 
which  they  belonged,  whether  known  as 
Vitulonia  or  under  some  other  name,  may 
have  existed  for  a  considereble  period  poste- 
rior to  that  at  which  its  extinction  has  been 
dated.  Among  the  inscribed  vases,on1y  one  al- 
ludes to  the  nameVitulonia ;  the  city  is  repre- 
sented upon  it  as  a  matron,  assisting  at  a  sa- 
crifice to  Bacchus.  A  member  of  the  Socie^ 
showed  to  his  friends  a  letter  he  had  re- 
ceived from  Italy,  containing  copies  of  some 
of  the  inscriptions  (none  of  which,  we  be- 
lieve, have  yet  been  received  firom  Lord 
Dudley  Stuart );  part  of  them  consist  en- 
tirely of  Etruscan  charactere,  (of  which 
alphabets  may  be  seen  in  the  "  Celtic  Dro- 
ids,  by  Godfrey  Higgins,  esq.'*^  bnt  otbcn, 
of  Greek  letten,  of  very  perfect  and  appa- 
rently modern  fbrmation. 

On  the  1 1  th,  Samuel  Pront*  Esq.  «tf  Brix- 
ton, (the  eminent  landscape  dniwhtsmui,) 
and  William  Hoskings,  Esq.  of  ramhral'a 
Inn,  architect,  were  elected  Fellofrs  ;  and 
to  the  foreien  list  was  added  tb«  name  of 
«  M.  Louis  Francois  Petit  Radel,  Member 
of  the  Royal  Institute  of  FVaaoty  la  the  elaas 
of  the  Acmdemy  of  Inscriptions  and  Bellea 
Lettres ;  a  gentleman  well  versed  in  the  his- 
tory and  antiquities  of  various  parts  of  Eu- 
rope, and  who  has  particularly  distln( 


himself  by  his  researches  bto  the  early  his- 
tory and  antiquities  of  Greece  tad  Italy." 

Feh,  18.  Wm.  Hamilton*  Es^  V[P.  in 
the  chur. 

Edward  Orme,  Esq.  of  Fitzroy-sqaare,  and 
Austin  Cooper,  Esq.  of  Dnbtin,  were  el«ettd 
Fellows. 

Dr.  Ingrem,  President  of  Trinity  Collig*, 
Oxford,  F.  S.  A.  sent  an  ateount  of  sobm 
Norman  tiles  in  the  church  of  Rotbeifield 
Greys,  Oxfordshire. 

Croftoo  Croker,  Esq.  F.  S.  A.  oommui- 
eated  three  interesting  letten  liv  Mr.  JaoMS 
Murphy,  arcliitect,  (author  of  Tmvels  in 
Portugal,  &c.  see  vol.  Ixv.  p.848),  addreiaod 
to  his  patron,  the  Right  Hon.  Wm.  Borton 
Conyn^ham,  whilst  employed  in  Portugal  in 
1 789,  m  making  his  elaborete  drewinga  of 
the  church  and  royal  monastery  of  Pfitalhag 
which  have  lately  (see  our  last  Magazina) 
been  presented  to  the  Society  by  Mr.  Qnd- 
ton  Croker. 

Mr.  Ellis  then  read  ffrom  the  Cottoniaa 
collection,)  arnwmorial  of  the  Levant  mer- 
chants  to  King  James  the  Pint,  detailing 
some  curions  particulan  relative  to  Uie  in« 
tereourse  maintained  at  that  period  between 
this  country  and  Turkey. 


8ao.] 


1   K»   3 


SELECT    POETRY. 


MIDSUMMER  EVE : 
A  Ballad.    Bt  the  Rbv.  £.  A.  Bkat, 

Cf  Tavitioek  ;  from  Mrs.  Bray't  Ronumee  <f 

Pitt  qfPitz-For<L 
SCARCE  stiedf  th«  Mood,  through  rollbg 
clotuby 
A  fiuDt  and  flickering  light ; 
Looff  ha*  the  wearied  viilacer 
Shared  the  "  deep  •leep'*  of  night. 

Slow  o'er  the  eburcb'Tard't  looelj  p*th 

Young  Edward  beom  hb  way* 
Where  bodice,  from  life's  caret  and  toile, 

Rett  till  the  Judgment  day. 

YewB,  drear  as  death,  in  lengthening  rows 

Spread  a  chill  gloom  aroand ; 
Beneath  the  verdsnt  vault,  his  steps 

In  startling  echoes  sound. 

The  bat  in  cireles  o'er  his  heed 

On  leathern  pinion  flits. 
What  time,  'tis  said,  the  wailing  ghost 
His  narrow  mansion  quits. 

With  heart  undaunted  he  proceeds 

To  where,  amid  the  skies, 
The  spire  uplifts  his  haughty  head. 

And  wind  and  storm  defies. 

He  enters  now  the  frowning  porch 
That  guards  the  hallowed  door ; 

And,  seMed  on  its  smooth-worn  benehy 
Thns  coos  his  purpose  o'er. 

'*  Here,  till  the  hour  of  midnight  sounds 

With  patient  heed  I  sUy  : 
Such  is  my  Emma's  fond  command. 

And  gladly  I  obey. 

**  Long  though  so  ooy,  the  yielding  maid 

Has  snuled  on  my  reouest ; 
To-morrow  quiu  a  mother's  care* 

And  seeks  a  husband's  breast. 

"  What  Joys  were  mine,  when  thus  she  cried* 

'  I  know  roy  Edward 's  true : 
My  mother  and  my  home  1  '11  leave 

To  live  and  die  with  jou ! 

** '  By  arts,  which  now  1  blush  to  own, 

I  ofi  your  love  have  tried ; 
And,  if  your  courage  be  as  strong. 

Yourself  shall  now  decide. 

**  <  Midsummer's  awful  eve  is  near. 
When  they  whoee  hearts  are  bold 

May,  at  the  great  church-door,  'tis  said. 
The  train  of  death  behold  ! 

«  'There,  through  the  key- hole  (snob  the 
tole). 

At  midnight  hour,  the  eye 
See«  those  slow  pacing  through  the  aisle 

Who  in  the  year  shall  die. 


" '  Learn  whether,  theo>  the  viigia  tfiia 

(If  you  the  sight  can  brave) 
Shall  lead  me  to  the  nuptial  bower. 

Or  bear  me  to  the  grave. 

<<  <  For  why,  short  Joy  to  either  heart. 
Should  wedlock  Join  our  hands ; 

If  death,  to  pierce  each  heart  the  more, 
So  soon  shall  break  the  bands?'" 

Now  through  the  sacred  pile  resounde 

The  long,  last  hour  of  night ; 
To  the  broad  keyhole  bends  the  youth* 

And  through  it  darts  his  sight. 

Bright   through   the  windows   bursts   the 
Moon 

And  pours  her  beams  around ; 
He  hears,  re-echoing  through  the  aitlet* 

Slow  footsteps  tread  the  ground. 

Instant  he  sees  a  numwous  train 

Approach  in  solemn  pace  i 
A  saUe  shroud  surrounds  each  limb 

And  pale  is  every  face. 

He  watcb'd ;  and,  ere  to  ailes  remote 

The  spectres  slow  withdrew. 
Must,  if  not  ail  the  ghostiv  train* 

Tbe  youth  with  horror  knew  ! 

Some,  doom'd  in  manhood's  prime  to  frdi  i 

Some  in  the  pride  of  charms ; 
And  mothers,  with  their  new-bom  babee 

Reposing  in  their  arms  ! 

The  feeble  forms  of  hoary  age 

Pass  on  with  tott'ring  kncM : 
A  cold  sweat  bathes  bis  shudd'ring  limbi 

When,  lest,  himself  he  -^  • 


Another  Edward  meets  his  eye, 

And  ends  tbe  horrid  train  ! 
Hb  breath  b  stopp'd,  hb  eyes  art  fixed, 

Hb  bosom  throiis  with  pain. 

His  locks  are  stiffen'd  with  affright, 
Hb  breath  distends  with  sichs. 

Scarce  can  hb  liinbs  support  nim  home-* 
He  enters — fidb — and  dies  ! 


fVrUten  far  a  Lady*i    AWvcm^ 

Autograph  of  the  Duke  ^fykttingtm. 


TJ17HEN  Freedom,  half  vanqnbhed* 
^^    ybldiug  to  Fate, 
Whose  iMwer,  intorpoeing,  dark  Deetioj 
braved  ? 
The  darker  the  tempest,  more  firm  and  elate 
Rose  Wellington's  spirit— -and  Europe 

was  saved ! 
London^  Fd:,  1 5.  H.  F. 


t     1«4    1 


[feb. 


HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 


PROCEEDINGS    IN    PARLIAMENT. 


HousB  OP  Lords,  Fd\  4. 

The  fourth  l^ssion  of  the  present  Parlim- 
ment  was  this  day  opened  by  Royal  Com- 
m'usion }  when  the  iMrd  Chancellor  delivered 
the  following  Speeoh  : — 

'*  My  Lwds  and  Gentlemen, 

*'  We  are  commanded  by  his  Majesty  to 
inform  you,  that  his  Majesty  receives  from 
all  Foreign  Powers  the  strongest  assurances 
of  their  desire  to  maintain  and  cultivate  the 
most  friendly  relations  with  this  country. 
His  Majesty  has  seen  with  satisfaction  that 
the  war  between  Russia  and  the  Ottoman 
Porte  has  been  brought  to  a  conclusion. 
The  efforts  of  his  Majestv  to  accomplish 
the  main  objects  of  the  Treaty  of  the  6th 
July,  1837>  have  been  unremitted.  His 
Majesty  having  recently  concerted  with  his 
Allies  measures  for  the  pacification  and  final 
settlement  of  Greece,  trusts  that  he  shall 
be  enabled^  at  an  early  period,  to  communi- 
cate to  you  the  particulars  of  this  arrange- 
ment, with  sueh  information  as  may  explain 
the  course  which  his  Majesty  has  pursued 
throughout  the  progress  of  these  important 
transactions.  His  Majesty  laments  that  he 
is  unable  to  announce  to  you  the  prospect 
of  a  reconciliation  between  the  Prioces  of 
the  House  of  Braganza.  His  Majesty  has 
not  yet  deemed  it  expedient  to  re-establish« 
upon  their  ancient  footing,  his  Majesty's 
diplomatic  relations  with  the  kingdom  of 
Portugal.  But  the  numerous  embarrass- 
ments arising,  from  the  continued  interrup- 
tion of  these  relations  increase  his  Majesty's 
desire  to  effect  the  termination  of  so  serious 
an  evil. 

» 

**  Gentlemen  of  the  House  of  Commmut 

*'  His  Majesty  has  directed  the  Estimates 
for  the  current  year  to  he  laid  before  you. 
They  have  been  framed  with  every  attention 
to  economy,  and  it  will  be  satisfactory  to  you 
to  learu,  that  his  Msjesty  will  be  enabled  to 
make  a  considerable  Reduction  in  the  amount 
of  the  Public  Expenditure,  without  impair- 
ing the  efficiency  of  our  Naval  or  Military 
Establishments.  We  are  commanded  by  his 
Majesty  to  inform  you,  that  although  the 
National  Income,  during  the  last  year,  has 
not  attained  the  full  amount  at  which  it  had 
been  estimated,  the  diminution  is  not  such 
as  to  cause  any  doubt  as  to  the  future  prm- 
perity  of  the  Revenue. 

**  My  Lords  and  Gentlemen, 

*'  His  Majesty  coAimands  us  to  acquaint 
you  that  his  attention  has  been  of  late  ear- 
nestly directed  to  various  important  consi- 
derations connected  with  improvements  in 
the  administration  of  the  law.  His  Majesty 
has  directed  that  measures  shall  be  submitted 


for  your  Miberttlon,  of  wKieh  aoiM  we  cal- 
culated, in  the  opinion  of  his  Maies^,  t» 
facilitate  and  expedite  the  eonrte  of  Justic* 
in  different  parts  of  the  United  KingAon, 
and  others  eppear  to  be  neceeaary  prellmiii»- 
ries  to  a  revision  of  the  pmctioe  aad  pro- 
ceedings of  the  superior  GMRtt.  We  arm 
commanded  to  assure  you  that  hit  Majcatj 
feels  confident  that  yon  will  give  your  best 
attention  and  assistance  to  evbtecta  of  tiieb 
deep  and  lasting  concern  to  the  wcll-bdng 
of  Lis  people.  His  Mi^^  commaodi  va 
to  inform  you  that  the  Export  io  tlic  last 
vear  of  British  Produce  and  Maoulaetarea 
has  exceeded  that  of  any  fonaer  yoar.  Hia 
Majesty  laments,  that,  ootwithslMidiBg  this 
indication  of  active  commcitCf  diitrcee 
should  prevail  among  the  AgricolUiral  and 
Manufacturing  clasees  in  some  parte  ai  tlio 
United  Kingdom.  It  would  be  motX  grati* 
fying  to  the  paternal  feelings  of  kit  Mijettj 
to  be  enabled  to  propose  for  your  coneidenr 
tion,  measures  calculated  to  remove  the  dif- 
ficulties of  any  portion  of  hb  imbjectSy  mod 
at  the  same  time  compatible  with  toe  geacial 
and  permanent  interest!  of  hit  pecnw.  It 
is  from  a  deep  solicitude  for  thoee  intereite 
that  his  Majesty  u  hnpreased  vHli  tlie  ne- 
cessity of  acting  with  estreaie  eentioit  in 
reference  to  this  importanl  t«h)eet.  Hb 
Maiesty  feels  assnreil,  thai  yon  wMI  eoociir 
with  him  in  assigning  due  wdgfat  to  the 
effect  of  unfitvourable  seasosft  and  to  the 
operation  of  other  cause*,  which  are  beyoul 
the  reach  of  Legislative  cootmul  or  renedy. 
Above  all,  his  Majesty  is  convinced  that  no 
pressure  of  temporary  difficulty  will  iod«ee 
vou  to  relax  the  deteminatioD  which  yo« 
have  uniformly  manifiBsted,  to  niaintaia  in- 
violate the  Public  Credit,  and  tboa  te  a^old 
the  hieh  Character  and  the  pemieneut  l¥el- 
fare  of  the  Country." 

The  Duke  of  Buecleugh  moved»  and  Lord 
Saltoun  seconded,  the  usual  Addreta  to  hb 
Majesty,  for  his  cradous  Speech.— fieri 
Stanhope  expressed  nimself  dissatisfied  with 
the  Speech.  He  would  ask  if  it  conteiaed 
a  real  and  true  representation  of  the  ateie 
of  the  country  ?  If  it  was  any  other  speech 
than  that  of  his  Majesty,  he  would  m  thai 
a  more  inapt  speech,  or  one  more  niU  of 
misrepresentation*  had  never  been  writtai. 
The  Noble  Earl,  in  conclusion,  moved  ae  aa 
amendment — "That  this  House  sees  with 
the  deepest  sorrow  and  anxiety  the  aeveri 
distress  which  prevails  in  the  coontry,  and 
will  immediately  proceed  to  exaniue  ita 
causes  with  a  view  to  a  remedy."— The 
Duke  of  Richmond  could  not  aopport  the 
Address.    The  Noble  Duke  dibtedat 


1830.]  Proctedingi  in  the  preuai  Senion  of  Parliament 


105 


length  npoo  th«  drc«dfbl1j  diftnswd  ecmdi- 
tioo  of  the  wool  grofTOTt.— £ffrl,  Cantarmm 
nerer  heard  such  cold-blooded  lilhitioiu  to 
the  dbtretset  of  e  kiogdom  as  those  eos- 
taioed  in  the  epeech  that  day  delivered.  The 
Minittere  of  hit  Maiettj  had  said  that  the 
dittreuet  were  hot  partial.    That  he  denied 
— they  were  general. — ^The  Dvkt  of  fFel- 
Ungtan  said,  that  the   speech  which   had 
been  deliverad  recommended  that  the  die- 
tresses  should  be  inquired  into.     No  man 
could  poesiblj  feel  more  than  he  did  upon 
the  subject.    Thoee  dbtreeses  he  contended 
were  owing  principally  to  the  badness  of  the 
seasons*  which  occasioned  an  enormous  addi- 
tional expense  to  the  agriculturist  in  parti- 
cular.   The  Noble  Duke  then  remarked  that 
the  great  introduction  of  machinery  and  of 
steam  would  neoeesarily  tend  to  lessen  khnur, 
and  to  that  circumstance  it  was  to  which  his 
MajeetY*s  speech  alluded.     He  was  tokl  by 
Noble  Loffds  that  there  was  a  de6oiency  in 
the  circulation.     Now,  upon  looking  over 
the  retomst  be  found  that  there  had  been 
an  increase.     After  some  further  discussion 
the  House  divided,  when  the  numbers  were, 
for  the  original   motion, — Contents,    71  ; 
Noo-oontsntSy  9;    Majority  for  the  Ad- 
dreesy  0f  • 

In  the  Housi  op  CoMMOifs,  the  same 
day,  the   Eari  of  Darlington  moved   the 
Address  to  his  Majesty,  which  was  seconded 
by  Mr.  fi^ard. — Sir  B.  KnaiehhUl  expressed 
his  dissatisfaction  at  the  speech,  on  many 
accounts,  but  particulaHy  with  that  part  in 
which  the  national  distress  was  adverted  to. 
The  Hon.  Bart,  concluded  by  moving  aa  an 
amendment,  <*  That  the  d'istress  was  general 
throughout  the  country,  that  it  extended  in 
some  paru  to  a  frightful  extent,  and  that 
the  Houee  should  adopt  immediate  measures 
to  alleviaU  it."— The  Manfuisof  Blandford^ 
Mr.  fFntem,  Mr.  Protheroe^  Mr.  O'ConneUf 
Mr.  Huskiuont  an<)  Mr.  Brougham,  supported 
the  Amendment.  The  ChatuxUor  cf  the  Ex- 
ekequer  assured  the  House  that  Ministers  felt 
as  acutely  as  men  could,  the  distress  which 
prevailed,  but  they  were  not  bound  to  exag* 
gerate.  He  believed  some  parts  of  the  coun- 
try were  labouriog  under  great  difficulty,  but 
there  were  other  parts  of  it  in  which  no  such 
distress  existed.— Mr.  Perl  thought  it  would 
be  OMire  wise  to  wait  until  it  was  known  what 
measure  was  intended  to  be  proposed  by 
Government,  than  for  Gentlemen  to  pledge 
themselves  to  inquiry,  the  extent  of  which 
they  could  not  control.     Ministers  were  de- 
termined through  good  and  bad  report  to 
pursue  what  they  considered  the  interests  of 
the  country.    On  a  (fivision  there  sppeared, 
— For  the  Address,  158 — For  the  Amend- 
ment, 106— Majority,  5a. 

Feb.  5.  On  Lord  Darlington  bringing  up 
the  report  to  the  Address,  a  long  discussion 
eosocd  on  the  distresses  of  the  country. 


The  Biarquis  qf  Blandford  moved  an  amend- 
ment to  the  eiacty  that  the  lower  classes  of 
the  country  had  been  plunged  into  abeolute 
misery  in  consequence  of  the  pressure  of 
taxation  and  the  burden  of  the  poor-rate»y 
and  that  the  House,  as  then  constructed,  was 
not  in  a  proper  Mtuation  to  act.  On  a  divi" 
sion  there  appeared,  for  the  amendment,  11; 
against  it,  96, 

Housi  OP  Lords,  Feb,  8. 
The  Duke  qf  Montrote  brooght  up  the 
answer  of  his  Majesty  to  the  Address  of  th« 
House,  which  was  as  follows  : — <*  I  thank 
you  for  Tour  loyal  and  dutiful  Address,  and  I 
rely  with  just  confidence  on  your  zealaoe 
co-operation  in  all  measures  calculated  !• 
improve  the  condition  of  my  subjects,  and 
to  maintain  the  honor  and  high  eharacter 
of  the  country." 


In  the  Housi  op  Commons,  the  saaM 
day,  Mr.  Fed  communicated  the  answer  of 
his  Majesty  to  the  Address  of  the  HoosCy 
which  gave  rise  to  a  very  lengthened  die* 
cussion  on  the  causes  of  the  national  distress. 

Mt, Greene  moved  for  leave  to  bring  in  a  biR 
to  enable  Rectors  and  Vicars  in  England  and 
Wales  to  enter  into  a  composition  lot  titheew 
The  present  Bill  went  to  authorise  the  ap- 
pointment of  Commissioners  at  once,  instead 
oS  requiring  a  private  Act  in  every  Instance. 
Leave  was  then  giren  to  bring  in  the  Bill> 
which  was  read  a  first  time. 

Feb,  9.  Mr.  Peel  moved  for  the  appoint- 
ment of  a  Committee  to  inquire  into  the 
affairs  of  India,  and  the  trade  between  Great 
Britab,  India,  and  China.  He  proposed  a 
Committee,  not  for  the  purpose  of  ratifying 
any  engagement  previously  entered  into  be- 
tween this  Government  and  the  East  Indies/ 
but  that  the  financial  and  commercial  aAurs 
of  India  might  be  revised,  according  to  the 
result  of  their  investigations. — Sir  J,  Mae- 
donald  was  glad  to  hear  from  a  Minister  of 
the  Crown,  that  the  welfare  of  the  milliona 
under  our  rule  in  India  was  not  to  be  lost 
sight  of  in  the  inquiry. — After  some  discus 
sion,  the  question  was  put  and  carried  witb- 
out  opposition. 

Mr.  Aid,  JVaxthman  moved  for  accoonCe 
of  the  exports  and  imports  of  British  and 
Colonial  produce  from  1 793  to  1 880,  speci- 
fying the  ofiicial  and  real  value,  and  the 
increase  and  decrease  in  each  year.  He 
suted,  that  from  1798  to  1814  the  rsnl 
▼alue  of  the  exports  had  always  exceeded  the 
official  value,  and  the  gross  amount  of  the 
excess  in  those  years  amounted  to  the  enor- 
mous sum  uf  340,000,000/.  From  1 8 1 4  to 
1819,  the  real  value  b^o  to  fall  below  the 
official,  but  still  the  official  value  was  conti- 
nued. From  1819  to  1838,  the  official  value 
rose  above  the  real,  from  36,000,000/.  to 
59,000,0001.  The  excess  of  the  official 
abdve  the  real,  in  those  years,  amounted  to 


166  Proceedingi  in  the  present  Session  of  Parliament. 


80,O00,O00Z.  being«differeDoe  of  8,000,000/ 
per  annum.  Under  the  operation  of  the  pre- 
sent system,  our  export  trade  had  been  fidiing 
off,  and  it  was  now  less  bt  eight  millions  and 
a  half  than  formerly.-— After  some  remarks 
from  different  members,  the  question  was 
agreed  to. 

Feb.  II.  The  question  relative  to  the 
disfranchisement  of  East  Retford  was  intro- 
duced by  Mr.  N,  Calvert,  and  Mr.  Tennywn, 
and  after  some  discussion  the  proposition  of 
the  former  was  negatived  by  a  majority  of 
1 54  to  55.—^  division  also  took  place  on  an 
amendment  by  Lord  tiowick,  who  proposed 
a  number  of  resolutions  against  brii>ery  ge- 
nerally ;  it  was  lost  by  a  majority  of  97. 

The  Solicitor  General,  after  an  alile  speech 
on  the  necessity  of  effecting  various .  l^al 
reforms,  obtained  leave  to  bring  in  the  fol- 
lowing bills  : — a  bill  to  facilitate  the  pay- 
ment of  Debts  out  of  real  estatos  ;  a  bill 
to  amend  the  law  relating  to  the  property  of 
lufantSy  Femes  covert,  and  Lunatics ;  a  bill 
for  amending  the  law  relating  to  Lunatic  and 
In&nt  Trustees  and  Mortgagees  ;  ani  a  bill 
for  amending  the  law  reUtiug  to  Process  of 
Contempt  imd  Commitments  for  Contempt 
of  the  Courts  of  Eauity. 

On  the  motion  that  the  House  do  resolve 
itself  into  a  Committee  of  Supply,  The  Mar- 
quis  qfBlawlford  declared  that  he  would  not 
consent  to  vote  one  shilling  of  the  public 
money  until  the  question  of  public  distress 
had  been  considered,  and  tlie  grievances  of 
the  country  redressed.  It  was  of  little  mo- 
ment to  him  whether  he  was  called  a  factious 
person.  He  should  do  his  duty. — ^The  House 
divided,  when  there  appeared, — For  going 
into  a  Committee,  1 09 — Agabst  it,  9. 

House  or  Lords,  Feb.  18. 
Lord  Holland  tote  topro|K>s«  the  following 
resolution  respecting  the  affairs  of  Greece, 
— ^That  there  should  be  no  pacification  or 
aettlement  of  Greece,  which  would  not  give 
that  country  an  extent  of  territory  sufficient 
to  enable  her  to  preserve  her  independence 
by  land  and  by  sea ;  and  that  no  government 
should  be  imposed  on  b.er  which  was  not 
consistent  with  the  wishes  of  the  people. — 
Tht  Earl  of  Aberdeen  entreated  the  House  to 
negative  the  resolution  of  the  noble  Lord, 
as  contrary  to  any  proceeding  which  had  ever 
taken  place  on  such  subjects.— >The  Duke  of 
WelUngloH  never  heard  any  thing  more  un- 
parliamentary than  the  courae  proposed  by 
the  noble  Lord ;  the  object  of  it  was  to 
manifest  a  want  of  confidence  in  his  Ma- 
jesty's Ministen. Resolution  withdrawn. 

In  the  House  of  Commons,  the  same  day. 
Sir  James  Graham^  after  expatiating  on  the 
national  distresses,  and  the  depreciated  value 
of  all  commodities,  moved  the  foll(»wiog  re- 
solution:— <*  lliAt  whereus  the  salaries  of 
public  officers  had  Iccu  augmented,  in  con- 


sequence of  the  depreciation  of  the  cmrencj, 
it  was  expedtenr,  now  that  the  standard  waa 
restored,  to  reduce  the  salaries  of  officers  to 
what  they  had  been  in  1797." — ^By  way  of 
amendment,  a  resolution,  '<  That  every  •»▼• 
iog  ought  to  be  made  without  the  vicilation 
of  existioc  engagements,  and  witboat  detii* 
ment  to  the  public  service,"  was  moved  bj 
Mr.  Dawson.  After  several  members  had  apo- 
ken,  the  amendment  was  carried  by  cooseuft. 

Feb.\5.  The  ChaneeUor  of  Ike  Exchequer 
having  moved  the  order  of  the  day  for  ibt 
House  to  resolve  itself  into  a  Conunittee  of 
Supply y  Mr.  Hume  moved  as  an  aoMiid- 
ment,  **  That  tlie  House  will  forthwith  pro- 
ceed to  the  repeal  and  modification  of  taaee 
to  the  largest  possible  extent  that  the  cirili 
military,  and  naval  establlshmenta  of  tbo 
country  will  admit,  as  the  means  of  affonUng 
general  relief  to  the  country." — ^The  Ckmt' 
cellar  of  the  Exchequer  replied;  and  after 
some  observations  by  Mr.  Maberiy^  Mr. 
JVestem,  Lord  Jllhmrp,  Mr.  C.  fFbod,  Mr. 
C.  Grant,  Lord  Howick,  Mr.  Pedf  wed  Mr^ 
ffhdehouse,  the  House  divided— For iha  mo- 
tion, 69;   against  it,  184. 

Feb.  1 7.  AfUr  several  petitions  had  be«i 
presented,  Mr.  Peel  obtained  leave  to  briog 
in  aBill  to  abolish  all  fees  heretofore  payable 
bv  penons  on  their  acquittal,  or  other  diir 
charge  from  anv  criminal  charge. 

The  House  then  went  into  a  Committae 
of  Supply,  and  the  fblloviag  roolatloiit 
were  agreed  to  without  disonsaioB :— Thai  a 
sum  not  exceeding  9,500»00(M.  ba  giaatod 
to  his  Majesty  to  dischaige  the  liln  anoimt 
of  supplies  granted  in  the  yeaia  1628,  4,  ft, 
6,  7»  8,  and  9  : — ^A  anm  aot  exceediog 
85,438,800/.,  to  pay  off  and  diacbarga  Ex- 
chequer Bills  issued  in  1889  and  1880 : — ^A 
sum  not  exceedug  168»8002.  to  pa|  off 
Exchequer  Bills  issued  on  aoooont  of  ad> 
vances  for  carnring  on  PaUio  Worin  and 
Building  New  Churehea. 

Feb.  1 8.  Mr.  Peel  obtauied  leave  to  brisg 
in  a  Bill  to  regulate  the  appropriation  m 
fees  payable  to  officers  in  the  Courta  of 
Common  Law. 

The  Marquis  of  Blan^fbrd,  in  a  speech  of 
great  length,  brought  forward  a  motion  for 
Parliamentary  Reform.  The  Marquis 
recommended  the  going  back  to  the  old 
mode  of  paying  our  representatives  for  their 
labours  and  loss  of  time.  The  representir 
tives  of  cities  and  boroughs  to  have  ft2.  per 
day,  and  county  memben  4^  He  akw  re- 
commended a  reduction  of  electioneeripg 
expenses,  and  proposed  a  complete  chanM 
in  the  right  ot  voting,  excluding  non-rasi* 
dents.  The  motion,  <*  That  leave  be  given 
to  bring  in  a  Bill  to  restore  the  Constitntiooal 
influence  of  the  Commons  in  the  Parliainent 
of  England,"  was  eveotoally  lost  by  a  oft- 
jority  of  lOS. 


1830.] 


[     167    ] 


DOMESTIC   OCCURRENCES. 


INTELUGENCE  FROM  VARIOUS 
FARTS  OF  THE  COUNTRY. 

SHEiirn  ton  \9S0. 

Beifordth J.  T.  Davion,  of  CUpham,  esq. 

Berks. — John  Walter,  of  Bear- wood,  esq. 
BucJb.— R.W.H.  H.  Vjsc,  Stoke-place,  esq. 
Comb,  if  HunL — J.G3coU,Someribaro,  esq. 
Cheshire — G  Walmsley,  Bcleswurtb-ca.  esq. 
Cumberland. — C.  Parker,  Petterili-gr.,  esq. 
Cornwall. — Edw.  CoUius,  of  TrothM,  esq. 
Derbyshire. — RL.Neirtoo,  Boir.bridge,esq. 
DewM.—^.  B.  Swete,  Oxton  hoose,  esq. 
I>orM<.— John  Bond,  of  Grange,  esq. 
£sser.'Capel  Cure,  of  Biakehall,  esq. 
Glouces. — D.  Ricardo,  Gatcombe-park,  esq. 
/2rr{/&r(2.— R.  Blakemore.  of  the  Leys,  esq. 
HerU.—Vi.  Hale,  King's  Walden,  esq. 

A'eitl.— Edw.  Rice,  Dane-court,  esq. 
Lancaster. — P.  Hesketh,  Ro&ll-hall,  esq. 

Leicestershirt.-^it  G.  U.  W.  Beaumont,  of 
Coleorton-faall,  bart. 

Lincolnsh. — W.  A.  Johnson,  Wytham,  esq. 

Mtanmoulh, — W.  Jones,  of  ClYiha,  esq. 

Ni/rJUk—Hon.  G  J.  Milles,  North  Elmham. 

Northan^onshire. — R.  Pack,  of  Floore,  esq. 

Nor  thumb. — Sir  J.Trevelyan,  Wallington,  bt. 

Nottingham.-^,  Coke,  of  Mansfield  Wood- 
house,  eso. 

OxfimL^R,  Weyland,  Woodeaton,  esq. 

/{lifloiMf— J.£agleton,Sottth  Luffenham,  esq. 

ShrD^hire. — R.Hunt,  Boraatton-park,  esq. 

Somerset. — J.  A.  Gordon,  Portbury ,  esq. 

Stafford.—T.  Twemlow,  Peauwood,  esq. 

Southampton. — G.  P.  Jenroise,  of  Herriard- 
house,  esq. 

Suffolk — J.W.Sheppard,  Campsey  Ashe,  esq. 

Surrev.^S'tr  Wn.  Geo.  Hyltoa  Joliffe,  of 
Merstham,  bart. 

Sussex. — ^Thoe.  Sanctoary,  of  Rusper,  esq. 

ffarwick. — E.  B.  King,  Umbertlade,  esq. 

JfiUs. — E.  W.L.  Popbam,  of  Littleoote- 
park,  esq. 

fforcest^    John  Sooit,  Stourbridge,  esq. 

ybrUtrr.— -Hon.  £.  Petre*  Stapleton-park. 

SOUTH   WALKS. 

Cardiganskirt.'^T,  H.  Jones,  Noyadd,  esq. 
Pfm^/oteAi— A.A.  Oower,  Kilderweon,  esq. 
CsmurftAfii.— R.  G.  Thomas,  Llanon,  esq. 
Radmr.'^'R.  B.  Price,  Downfield,  esq. 
.Orcoon.— Wm.  L.  Hopkins,  Aberanell,  esq. 
GJiamorfon— .W.WiUkms,Aberpergwm,esq. 

MOUTH  WALU. 

Angleaeif'-^'V.  Williams,  of  Gleorafon,  esq. 
Carnarvon-'^.  Wtlliamt,  of  Bryntirion,  esq. 
Merioneth. — J.  Puiton,  of  Llwyngwem,  esq. 
Montgomery. '^•H,  A.  Proctor,  Aberhafesp- 

hnll,  esq. 
TVttfiigft.— W.  Hanroer,  of  Bodood,  e%Q. 
Ftintshire.^Sit  U.  Brown,  Bronwhwylfii,  kt. 


A  discovery  has  been  made  recently,  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  IVorcesUr^  which  has  ex- 
cited a  great  sensation  in  that  county.     A 
murder  was  committed  so  finr  back  as  J  line, 
1 806,  at  the  village  of  Oddingley,  in  Wor- 
cestershire.   The  victim  was  the  Rev.  Mr. 
Parker,  Rector  of  the  parish.   The  reported 
perpetrator  of  the  deed  was  a  man  named 
Heming,  but  at  the  time  he  was  considered 
only  au  instrument  in  the  hands  of  others, 
who  formed  a  combination,  in  order  to  take 
away  the  life  of  the  reverend  gentleman,  he« 
being  on  bad  terms  with  some  of  his  pa- 
rishioners.    In  the  afternoon  of  the  94th 
June,  in  that  year,  his  assassin  was  seen  in 
the  act  of  shooting  him   by  two  butchers 
who  happened  to  be   on  the  road,  one  of 
whom  pursued  the  murderer,  while  the  other 
went  to  the  assistance  of  the  dying  man.— 
The  butcher  had  nearlv  overtaken  the  assas- 
sin, when  the  villain  threatened  to  shoot  his 
pursuer  if  he  followed  him  a  step  further  ; 
the  bttteher,  although  he  relinquished  the 
pursuit,   had  sufficient  view  of  the  man  t6 
believe  him  to  be  a  person  named  Heming, 
a  carpenter,  of  Oddiurley.   The  inquest  had 
returned  a  verdict  of  Wilful  Murder  against 
some  person  unknown,  when  the  sudden 
disappearance  of  Heming  strengthened  the 
suspicion  against  him,  and   Ivge  rewards 
were  offered  for  his  apprehension,  but  in 
vain.   Years  rolled  on,  and  the  subject  com- 
paratively died  away.     But,  contrary  to  all 
■nticipanon,  afier  the  lapse  of  upwards  of 
three  and  twenty  years,  the  body  of  the 
murderer  has  been  discovered.     A  man  who 
was  employed  to  teke  down  a  bam  at  North- 
erwood,  in  the  parish  of  Oddingley,  found,  in 
a  comer  of  the  bam  which  was  not  flagged, 
a  skeleton,  on  one  side  of  which  was  a  car- 
penter's rule ;  and  the  shoes,  tolerably  en- 
tire, with  some  remains  of  dress,  were  also 
found.    The  man  who  found  the  skeletos 
was  Heming's  brother-in-law,  and  that  the 
skeleton  was  his,  both  the  brother  in-law 
and  Heming's    widow  agreed.      That  the 
wretched  murderer  had  been  murdered,  there 
could  be  no  doubt ;  on  the  \oh  side  of  hu 
forehead,  and  in  other  parte,  the  skull  waa 
fractured ;  the  blows  must  have  been  violent, 
as  the  skull  was  broken  into  more    than 
twenty  fragments.  An  inqnest  was  held  upon 
the  body,  at  the  Talbot  Iun»  near  Worcester, 
when  a  number  of  witnesses  were  examined!. 
In  order  that  all  the  circumstances  slunild 
undergo  the  strictest  investigation,  the  in- 
quest was  adjourned ;  when,  in  consequence 
of  certain  fiscte  which  were  elicited,  Francis 
Clewes,   of  Netherwood  Farm,  was  teken 
into  custody.      Clewes   afterwards  made  a 
confession,  which  implicated  himself,  Capt. 


168 


Domestic  Occurrences, 


[Feb. 


Evans,  Mr.  George  Banks,  Mr.  Bamett, 
and  a  farrier  named  Taylor,  who  resided  at 
Droitwich,  but  is  now  dead,  with  the  mnr- 
jder  both  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Parker  and  of 
Heming.  The  latter  was  murdered  by  them 
the  day  after  he  had  perpetrated  the  deed 
they  had  employed  him  to  commit,  and  bu" 
ried  in  the  barn,  where  he  had  concealed 
himself.  Clewes,  however,  denied  that  he 
was  the  actual  perpetrator  of  the  murder,  aU 
though  present  at  the  time.  Captain  Evans 
died  in  May  last,  aged  95,  and  was  for  many 
years  a  mt^istrate  at  Droitwich.  He  had 
retired  from  the  89th  foot  on  half  pav. — 
Bamett  is  a  farmer  of  Oddingley.  The  three 
prisoners  have  been  committed  for  trial. 

Jan,  29.  This  morning,  Hinchinbrook 
House,  near  Huntingdon,  the  seat  uf  the 
Earl  of  Sandwich,  was  destroyed  by  fire.— 
The  mansion  was  left  in  charge  of  a  few  ser- 
vants ;  they  happily  succeeded  in  saving 
nearly  the  whole  of  the  family  paintings,  va- 
luable library,  articles  of  taste  and  vertu, 
(many  of  tkem  but  recently  brought  from 
Italy  by  the  Countess  of  Sandwich,}  and  a 
considerable  part  of  the  furniture  ;  but  the 
fiunily  writings,  title  deeds,  and  other  valua- 
ble papers,  tell  a  prey  to  the  flames.  The 
damage  is  estimated  at  about  10,000/.,  and 
the  house  and  furniture  were  insured  in  the 
Sun  Fire  Office.  The  Earl  of  Sandwich,  who 
is  yet  a  minor,  was  in  London.  The  Coun- 
ts, his  Lordship's  mother,  and  lier  daugh- 
ter, Lady  (Proline  Montagu,  are  in  Italy.— 
Hinchlubrook  House  was  built  on  the  site 
af  an  old  priory  founded  by  William  the 
Conqueror,  which  in  1537  was  granted  by 
Henry  VIII.  to  Richard  Williams,  alias 
Cromwell,  whose  son  Sir  Henry,  styled  the 
Golden  Knight,  erected  the  fiunily  mansion 
here,  and  In  which  he  had  the  honour  of 
enterUlning  Queen  Elizabeth,  after  her  vult 
to  the  University  of  Cambridge,  in  1564. 

Feb.  3.  This  night  a  fire  broke  out  in  the 
iwnservaiory  of  Rradlesham  House,  Suffolk, 
by  whicli  this  splendid  mansion  was  entirely 
destroyed.  The  conservatory  is  warmed  by 
flues,  which  pass  under  the  suite  of  rooms, 
a«d  to  this  circumstance  the  sad  catastrophe 
is  to  be  attributed.  Lord  and  Lady  Iten- 
dlesham  and  &mily  were  at  Paris,  and  the 
steward  and  three  female  servants  were  (he 
only  persons  in  the  house.  The  damaf^e  is 
computed  at  100,000t,  no  part  of  which 
was  insured. 

Feb.  3.  This  morning,  the  engine  boiler 
at  United  Hills  Mine,  in  the  parish  of  St. 
Agnes,  Cornwall,  burst  with  a  tremendous 
explosion.  Nine  men,  a  boy,  and  a  girl, 
were  in  the  boiler  house  at  the  time,  and 
one  saan  in  the  engine  house.  Nine  were 
so  dreadfully  injured  by  the  concussion  of 
ateam,  scale'* ng  water,  and  blows  from  the 
atone  and  bricks,whieh  were  scattered  in  every 
<UEection,  that  they  died  within  a  few  hoars. 


LONDON  AND  ITS  VICINITY. 

Feb.  10.  Judgment  was  ffiven  to  the  fol- 
lowing effect,  in  the  Court  of  King's  Beneh, 
against  Alexander,  Marsden,  and  laaacaon, 
for  a  series  of  libela  in  the  Morning  Joamal, 
(see  Dec.  Mag.  p.  556). — ^That  upon  each 
of  the  three  indictments,  Mr.  Alexander  be 
imprisoned  in  Newgate  for  four  calendar 
months  ;  and  pay  a  fine  of  dOOl.,  and  give 
security  for  his  good  behaviour  for  thna 
years.  Mr.  Isaacson  to  pay  a  fine  of  lOOL 
— Mr.  Marsden  to  give  security  for  his  good 
behaviour  for  three  years,  himself  in  100/., 
and  two  sureties  in  50/.  each.  Mr.  Guteh 
had  been  previously  discharged  on  his  own 
recG^uizances. 

Nlons.  Chabert,  the  «  Fire  King,**  is  at 
length  discovered  to  be  an  impostor.  Mr. 
WiS^ley,  the  editor  of  the  Lancet,had  chal- 
lenged him  to  take  prussie  acid,  to  be  admi- 
nistered by  Mr.  W.  nimself,  which  challenge 
he  accepted ;  but  when  put  to  the  test  he 
positively  refused  to  take  it.  So  enrand 
were  the  company,  that  the  dethroned  **  fin 
King"  was  oblieed  to  ran  do%m  an  avea  for 
protection,  and  nide  himself. 

Fd;,  12.  The  Argyll  Rooffli,  Regent- 
street,  were  wholly  consumed  by  fire.  The 
accident  is  attributed  by  aone  to  tlie  heet- 
iog  of  the  Fira-King's  oven,  and  by  others 
to  preparations  for  a  coooert  bj  neatbg 
the  rooms. 

Feb.  15.  In  the  Court  elDekgntesy  the 
suit  of  Free  v.  Burgoyntf  which  has  so  often 
been  before  the  public,  Matte  on  in  tfaie  shape 
of  an  appeel,  andtheJodMBent  of  the  Archa' 
Court,  which  directed  (hat  Dr.' Free  sbonld 
be  deprived  of  his  Ihrtng  et  l^^on,  in  Bed- 
fordshire, forthwith,  was  confirmed. 

Feb,  16.  Between  one  and  tero  o*clocl[ 
this  mornmg,  an  alarming  fire  liroke  Ml  in 
the  English  Opera-house,  in  the  Strand. 
— So  npid  was  its  progress,  that»  in  a 
very  short  time,  the  whole  body  oif  the 
theatre  was  on  fire.  One  after  another 
the  houses  in  Eaeter-street  seemed  to  be 
embraced  by  the  flames,  wktU  nearly  the 
whole  side  of  that  street  became  a  b«m)ag 
mass.  At  about  a  quarter  before  four,  we 
roof  of  the  theatre,  together  with  tlie  liemrj 
beams,  fell  in  with  a  lood  crash.  Mr.  Ar- 
nold estimates  the  building  itself,  inth  its 
fittines  and  properties,  tQ.be  worth  90/KkiL 
The  front  of  the  English OpeimlMNise« m^ 
the  Courier  office  adjoining,  in  the  Stnm4^ 
escaped  with  little  injury. 


THEATRICAL  REGISTER. 
King's  Thbatu. 

Feb,  18.  This  house  opened  for  tlw  sea- 
son, with  Sendrandde  and  the  Ctndoti  et 
Femce,  The  new  prima  donna,  Medemoiielle 
BUsb,  sustained  the  part  of  j^iwinrwii  with 
spirit  and  propriety. 


1830.]         TheaMcal  Regitier.'-^Promotioni  and  PrefermenU, 


169 


DtuRY  Lami. 

Feb.  4.  A  Btw  openh  fiom  the  pea  of 
Mr.  Pl«acli^»  entiiled  The  Natimial  Guard, 
or,  Pridr  tmd  No  PruU,  wm  produced,  and 
met  wtUi  decUed  tuceeM.  Ine  mueic  aod 
•eenery  were  dtligtilAil. 

Feb,  99.  A  new  after^pieoey  ibuaded  on 
the  French  lUvoliidM,  aid  adepted  from  tlie 
Fmach  by  Mr.  Poole,  entiUed,  Past  and 
Pri9mi,mpTktBidimTnasure,  wm  pro- 
diioed.  It  wee  perleetlj  tucceMfuU  and  eo* 
nwmced  lor  mpetitioa  aaudst  uaeoimoue  ap* 
pbi 


CovBNT  Garden. 

Ftb.  1 .  A  translatioa  of  the  French  roelo- 
drame  of  **  L'Aaoeau  de  la  Fianc^/'  was 
brought  forward,  under  the  name  of  RobeH 
the  DeviL  It  was  a  miserable  prodnotion, 
and  UDanimonsly  eonderoned. 

Fe6.  8.  A  piece  translated  frodi  the 
French  of  «  Pierre  le  Convreur,"  aliitera- 
tively  entitled  Teddy  theTiler,  was  acted  with 
unboonde<l  success.  It  was  replete  with 
drollery  and  nouitte  hnmoor. 

Feb.  11.  The  opera  6f  La  Gazza  LadrOf 
ad«p«ed  to  tlM  Bogllsh  ftage,  waa  auocess- 
inlly  preduoed. 


PROMOTIONS    AND    PttEFERMENTS. 


OazBTTm  Promotions. 
Jam,  96.     Cba.  Goddard,  of  CUpton,  co. 
MiddloMx,    eaq.  td  take  the  surname   of 


#M.  1.  49th  Foot»  Capt.  H.  Smidi 
Omond,  to  bo  ilaJor^Brovet,  Col.  R. 
Hooetom  £.  L  C.  to  bo  Col.  in  the  army. 

Fkb,  9.  Tile  Right  Hon.  J.  C.  Harries, 
to  bo  Pfoaiioat  of  tbo  Committee  of  Coun- 
cil far  TiUf  and  Foreiga  Plantations. 

Aft.  1  »•  Tho  Boa.  Ceeil  Foreater,  to  be 
oao  ol  tho  Qrooaia  of  hii  Majesty's  Bed- 
chamber} vice  Mai.-Gen.  Hon.  H.  King. 

J^.  17.  Tho  Right  Hdn.  T.  Frankknd 
Letfh^  to  he  Treamrar  of  the  Naty. 


Mhrnbennfunedt^Mrvt  in  ParUamenU 
C^m  ^Tha.  Babiagtion  MaeauUy,  esq.  vice 

tko  Rigl*  iko.  JodMe  Abercf  ombie. 
Amesdk«--ThoRkU  Hoa.  J.  C.  Herriee. 
JTa^eilninaii:/!      tlaarj  Bronghai,  eaq.  vtet 

Righft  Hoa.  Goo.  Tierney,  dec. 
FitilSiMffr      fnha  Waitl,  of  Holwood,  esq. 

•ice  B<ov1aad  Stcybeneon,  esq 
iMwridk^Ck— Iieat.-Col.  Standiah  aGrady 

of  Cahai«BiUMMi9,  vu»  Tho  Uoyd,  esq. 


mu  Zeee.— Cha.  Bnller,  tho  younger,  of 

Fohrolleay  m^  via  Chn.  Bailer,  esq. 
Whtck^m     JnhaWiHiama,  esq.  of  Groeve- 
•iee  Henry  Brooghan,  eaq. 


BOCLIMAOTIGAL  PrIPERMENTS. 

R^  Rev.  Dr.  C^,  Bp.  of  £xeter,  to  be 
1%!.  of  St.  Asaph' 


Ron  J^  WallKr,  to  be  a  Bishop  of  the  Epia- 
aonl  Ckm  of  Scetlaad,  tice  Bp.  Sandford. 
Ro«^Dlb Cktt^lor,  Deaa  of  Chichester. 


Ror.  Dk  9ialtfy,  Prob.  in  Winchester  Cath. 
R«r.J.  Jflcfcaoa,  Pkob.  in    Brecon  Coll. 

CiMKh 

Ron  Dr.  J.  fiall»  Ca^a  of  Christ  Ch.  Os* 

fcvd^  ascr  Pett. 
Rav.  VL  W.  M^  (Pnoeptor  to  Prince  Geo. 

of  CamberlMd)  Ce««  of  Christ  Ch.  Oaf. 
Roe.  J.  Boilow,  Little  Bowden  R.  co.  North- 


Raewfa.  &  Dt  Brott,  Broughton  R.  near 
Blia|.  en.  Laneoln. 

Qnnr.  Mao.  Fetmary,  1 430. 

10 


Rer.  Jas.  Edwards*  Newington  R.  Oxfordsh. 
Rev.  W.  Farwell,  St.IVlartm*s  R.  near  Looe, 

Cornwall. 
Rev.  T.  Guthrie,  Church   of  Arbirlot,  co. 

Forfar. 
Rev.  A.  B.  Haden,  Brewood  V.  StaflBnnlsh. 
Rev.  W.  Y.  C.  Hunt,  D.D.Tamerton  Folliott 

R.  Cornwall. 
Rev.  J.  Heath,  Wigmore  V.  co.  Hereford. 
Rer.  A.  R.  Irtine,  Ch.  at  Foss,  co.  Perth. 
Rev.  C.  James,  EvenTade  R.  co.  Worcester. 
Ror.  J.  James,  Eyton  P.  C.  co.  Hereford. 
Rev.  J.  M'Donald,  Ch.  of  Rannock,  Perth. 
Rev.  H.  Mode,  Box  V.  Wilts. 
Rer.  J.  Natt,  St.  Sepulchre's  V.  London. 
Rot.  Ld.  C.  Paulet,  Walton  Deiril  R.  and 

Wellesboortieand  Walton  VV.  co.  Wanr. 
Ror.  D.  Pitcaim,  Ch.  of  N.  Ronaldshoy, 

in  presbytery  of  North  Isles. 
Ror.  R.  J.  Rose,  Hadleigh  R.  Suffolk. 
Ror.   S.  P.  J.  Trist,  Verran  V.  Cornwall. 
Ror.  R.  Walpole,  Beechamwell  St.  John, 

and  Beechamwell  St.  Mary  RR.  Norfolk. 
Rer.  T.  Wangh,  Ch.  of  Deemess,  in  presby- 
tery of  Kirkwall. 
Rer.    J.  WilKaros,  Lbn&ea  and  Penman 

P.  C  Wales. 
Rer.  E.  Bobes,  Chaplara  to  Earl  of  Buchan. 
Rer.  G.  W.  Straton,  Chap,  to  the  Dowager 

Comiteet  of  Massereene. 

Civil  PRtrBRMEMTS. 

Rt.  Hon.  James  Abercrombie,  to  be  Lord 
Chief  Baron  of  the  Exchequer,  Scotland. 

J.  Wm.  Jeffcott,  M.A.  Barrister  at  Law, 
to  be  Chief  Justice  at  Sierra  Leone. 

C.  K.  Murray,  esq.  to  he  Secretary  to 
the  new  Ecclesiastical  Committee. 

Adey  Ogle,  M.D.  FJI.S.  of  Trinity  Col- 
legev  Cambridge,  to  be  Clinical  Professor. 

Dartd  Wilkie,  esq.  to  be  principal  painter 
in  ordinary  to  his  Majesty. 

M.  A.  Shee,  esq.  to  he  President  of  the 
Royal  Academy ;  and  Mr.  Eastlake  R.A. 

Ror.  W.  Cape,  to  be  Head  Mast,  of  Pe- 
terborough Free  Gram.  School.     ^.   .    r* 

Rer.  E.  ChurtAu,  Head  Mas.  of  HaekAy 
Church  of  England  School. 


[   iro  ] 


[Feb. 


BIRTHS. 


Dee,  Id.  At  Wortham  Hall,  Suffolk,  the 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Tho.  D*£ye  Betto,  m  son 
•ad  heir. 

Jan,  S8.  At  Salisbury,  the  wife  of  the 
Rev.  O.  T.  Pretyman,  Preb.  of  Winchester 

Cath.  a  son. 80.    At  Westhorpe,  the 

lady  of  Sir  T.  F.  Fremantle,  Bart.  M.P.  a 
son  and  heir. 

Lately,    At  Holdemess-honse,  Park-lane, 
the  Marchioness  of  Londonderry,  a  dau. 
In  St.  James's-square,  the  Baroness  de  Rut* 

zen,  a  son.— ^In  Fitzwillism-iquare,  Dub^ 

lin,  the  wife  of  Geo.  Hume  Macartney,  esq. 


of  Lissanoure  Ca8tle>  co.  Antrim,  a  son  and 
heir. 

Feb.  3.  In  Great  Surrey-st.  the  wife  of 
John  Donkin,  esq.  of  twin  daus.——^.  At 
Paris,  Lady  Oakeley,  widow  of  Sir  Charles 
Oakeley,  Bart,  a  dau.— 7.  At  Bath,  the 
Lsdy  Georgiana  G.  Ryder,  a  son.  \3. 
At  Whitton-park,  the  seat  of  her  father  Sir 
B.  Hobhouse,  Bart,  the  G>untess  Ranghjasct 

Brancaleone,  a  dau. 18.  In  John-street, 

Berkeley-square,  the  lady  of  the  Hon.  6. 
Talbot,  a  son  and  heir. 


MARRIAGES. 


Jan.  5.  J.  G.  Welch,  esq.  of  Broadway, 
CO.  Wore,  to  Anne,  dau.  of  Edw.  Blox- 
some,  esq.  of  Dursley.—— James  Quilter, 
esq.  of  Hadley,  Midd.  and  Grav's-inn,  to 
Amelia  Coweli,  dau.  of  G.  C.  Julius,  esq. 
of  Richmond.— 5.  Rev.  B.  R.  Perkbs, 
to  Sarah,  dau.  of  Mr.  Clode,  of  Bishops- 
gate-stiect  Rich.  Hill  Miers,  esq.  of  Ca- 
doxton- lodge,  co.  Glamorgan,  to  Eliz.  Jane, 
dau.  of  J.  Bonnor,  esq.  of  Bryry  Gwalie, 
CO.  Denbigh.  ■  6.  Hen.  Kirk,  esq.  of 
Clapton,  to  Martha,  dau.  of  late  T.  Bird, 

esq.  of  Bath. 9.     At  St.  Mary's,  Mary- 

le-bone,  Gea  J.  Twiss,  exq.  Cambridge,  to 
Laura  Maria,  dau.  of  late  Money  Hill,  esq. 

of  Waterden,  Norfolk. 1 1 .    At  Waloot, 

near  Bath,  R.B.  Buller,  esq.  Nether  Stowey, 

to  Eliz.  dau.  of  late  C.  Poole,  esq. IS. 

J.  B.  Harris,  esq.  of  Peers-court,  co.  Gloac. 
to  Helen,  dau.  of  W.  Moor  Adey,  esa.  of 
Wotton-under-Edge.- la  At  NewtNit- 
tle  Abbey,  Mid-Lothian,  Col.  Sir  W.  M. 
Gumm,  K.C.B.  Coldstream  Guards,  to  Eliz. 
Anne,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Right  Hon.  Lord 

Robert  Kerr. 14.     Rev.  Rob.  Gibson, 

jitn.  of  Firfield,  Essex,  to  Anne,  dau.  of  Mr. 

W.  B.  Morgan,  St.  James's-place. At 

St.  Margaret's,  Westm.  Rich.  Bohun,  esq. 
Beccles,  Ut  Jane,  dau.  of  late  J.  Elam,  esq. 

Chesterfield 1 6,    At  Kensington,  Fred. 

son  of  W.  Taylor,  esq.  of  Worcester-park, 
Surrey,  to  Frances  ^Iary,  only  child  of  D. 
R.  Warrington,  esq.  of  Waddon,  same  co. 
—18.  At  East  Barnet«  T.  Crosthwaite, 
esq.  of  Dolly  Mount,  co.  Diibltn,  to  Emma, 
dau.  of  late  Rev.  Philip  Castell  Sherard,  of 
Glatton,  and  of  Upper-Harley-st.— 19. 
At  Carnegie- park,  Port  Glasgow,  Geo.  Car- 
ter, esq.  to  Eliz.  dau.  of  the  late  James  Car- 
negie, esq.  of  Penang,  E.  Indies. 93. 

At  Brighton,  W.  H.  Covey,  esq.  of  Uck- 
field,  Sussex,  to  Emma,  eldiest  dau. ;  and  at 
the  same  tilne,  Liwb  Cubitt,  esq.  to  Sophia, 
■cooad  dau.  .6f  'H.  £.  Kendal],  esq.  of  Suf- 
Ib)fe4tfnet,  P«U  MaU. 85.  At  Sal- 
ly Devon,,  ibe  Hon.  Fred.  J.  Shore, 
ion  of  L«rd  Teignmouth;  to  Char- 


lotte Mary,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Geo. 

Cornish,  eso. 35.    At  Louth,  J.  Tatam 

Banks,  esq.  M.D.  to  Susanna,  youngest  dan. 
of  the  late  Rich.  Bellwood,  esq.  86.  At 
Hutton,  the  Rev.  Cha.  Hall,  Rector  of  Ter- 
rington  and  Routh,  to  Mary,  second  dra.  of 
R.  T.  Stainfbrth,  esq.  88.  At  Brighton, 
the  Rev.  Mr.  St.  John,  to  Henrietta  Franoeay 
only  dau.  of  the  late  Maurice  Magnth,  esq. 
of  Dublin. 

LaUly,  Sir  John  PhiUimore,  K.C.B.,  to 
Baroness  Katharine  Harriet  de  RaSgersfeld. 
<^— -At  Plymouth,  James  Cottle,  esq.  to 
Sarah  Wilmot,  eldest  dao.  of  the  late  John 
Harrington,  esq.  of  Bathw  At  Fairfoni, 
Gloucestershire,  the  Rev.  F.  W.  Rioe,  eldest 
son  of  the  Hon.  the  Dean  of  Glooceater,  to 
Harriet  Ives,  dau.  of  the  late  D.  R.  Barker, 

esq. At  Tuam,  Capt.  H.  Gaeooyne,  84th 

Foot,  son  of  Gen.  Gascoyne,  M.P.  to  Elix« 

dau.  of  Dr.  Trench,  Abp.  of  Taam^ 

At  Coggeshall,  Robert,  second  son  of  Chas. 
Barclav,  esq.  M.  P.  of  Groaveaor-plaee,  to 
Rachel,  third  dau.  of  Osgood  Hanburyy  esq. 
of  Holfield-granee.  ^ 

Feb.  8.  At  St.  Mary's,  Mary^le-bone, 
Russell  Elliot,  esq.  Commander  RN.,  son 
of  the  late  Sir  W.  Eliot,  of  StoU  Castle» 
Roxburghshire,  to.  Bythia,  eldest  dau.  ti 
Dr.  W.  Russell,  of  Gloucester-place,  Port- 
man- square. ^8.     At  Bath,  A.  MuraSnK, 

esq.  to  Marg.  Eliz.  dau.  of  the  Ute  Peter 
Sherston,  esq#  of  Stoberry-hill,  Someraet. 

9.    At  St.  Margaret  a,  WestmiBsttr, 

Wm.  Heatrell  Dowse,  esq.  of  Lincola's  iaa« 
to  Frances  Lesage,  dau.  of  David  Claptent 
esq.  of  Parliament-street.— ^11.  At  St. 
Mary's,  Bryanstoo-square,  Capt.  Pattoa, 
Iffth  Regt.  only  son  of  the  Ute  Adna.  Pbt* 
ton,  to  Rosina,  dau.  of  the  late  Joieph 
Neild,  esq.  of  Gloucester-plaoe,  PortowH 

square. 1 8.    At  Poplar,  R.  Rising,  Jna. 

esq.  barrister,  to  Miss  Parish,  eldest  dau*  of 

Cha.  C.  Parish,  esq.  of  Blackwal». 16. 

At  RulU  Park,  Essex,  Cul.  W.  C  Eostane, 
C.  B.  to  Emma,  second  dao.  of  Adok  Sir 
Eliab  Harvey,  G  C.B.  and  M.P.  for 


1830.] 


[  ni   ] 


OBITUARY. 


The  Queen  of  Portugal. 

Jan,  7.  At  tbe  palace  of  Queluz,  near 
Lisbon,  aged  54,  her  Majesty  Carlotta- 
Joacbima,  Queen-dowager  of  Portugal. 

Sbe  was  born  April  25,  1775,  tbe 
eldest  daughter  of  King  Cbarles  tbe 
Fourth  of  Spain,  by  Louisa- Maria-Tbe- 
resa.  Princess  of  Parma.  Sbe  was  mar- 
ried Jan.  9t  1790,  to  tbe  late  King  Jubn 
tbe  Sixth  of  Portugal,  who  left  her  bis 
widow  March  10,  1826. 

The  activity  of  *«  the  old  Queen  "  in 
the  administration  of  tbe  Guvernment 
of  Portugal  during  many  years  past,  is 
well  known.    Her  character  has  long 
been  highly  unpopular  in  England,  and 
her  death  was  announced  in  the  Times 
newspaper  in  the  following  terms  of  un- 
measured censure:— •*' Tbe  only  fact  of 
importance  which  the  Lisbon  papers  re- 
cord—and it  is  enough  for  one  arrival- 
is  the  death  of  the  Queen  Dowager  of 
Portugal^  the  mother  and  adviser  of  Don 
Miguel — tbe  fanatic  plotter  against  tbe 
peace  and  freedom  of  Portugal,  and  tbe 
unrelenting  instigator  of  general  perse- 
cution and  violence.     Few  persons  in 
modern  times  have  enjoyed  such  exten- 
sive means  of  mischief  on  so  limited  a 
stage  of  action,  and  none  have  ever  ex- 
ercised them  with  a  more  eager  instinct 
of  crnelty  and  vengeance.    Reflecting  in 
her  last  moments  on  the  distracted  con- 
dition  of    the    Portuguese    monarchy, 
groaning  under  usurpation  and  oppres- 
sion,  with  its  trade  destroyed,  its  in- 
dustry paralysed,  and  its  best  subjects  in 
dungeons  or  In  exile,  she  could  leaveihe 
world  with  tbe  proud  satisfaction  that 
its  delivery  into  tbe  bands  of  despotism 
and  anarchy  was  mainly  ber  own  work. 
Though  for  a  long  time  called  *  the  old 
Queen,'  she  was  nut  far  advanced  in  life 
when  sbe  became  tbe  victim  of  ber  dis- 
solute   habits   and    ravenous   passions. 
Some   curious  stories   are   told   of    tbe 
means  employed  by  the  doctors  and  di- 
vines who  surrounded  ber  death-bed,  to 
prolong  tbe  life  of  this  worthless  prin- 
cess.    Medical  skill  confessing  defeat, 
they  sent  from  Queluz  to  Lisbon  for  a 
little  miraculous  image  called  our  Lady 
of  'the  Rabbit-bole/  to  tbe  fame  and 
wealth  of  which  sbe  had  so  largely  con- 
tributed on  its  first  discovery  in  1823. 
But  this  image,  which  mainly  contri- 
buted in  that  year  to  overthrow  tbe  con- 
stitution, and  which  has  since   nearly 
filled  the  Cathedral  of  Lisbon  with  vo- 
tive offerings,  was  found  to  have  no  effi- 
cacy  against  tbe  Queen's  malady." 


"  When,  shortly  before  her  dissolution^ 
pressed  by  one  of  her  confidants  to  re- 
ceive the  last  rites  of  religion,  she  re- 
plied, <  Do  you  imagine  1  am  already  at 
my  extremity  ?*  Sbe  had  previously  or- 
dered that  Azevedo,  ber  physician,  should 
not  be  allowed  to  approach  tier  any  more^ 
for  having  given  at  second-hand  the 
same  advice.  A  few  hours  before  ber 
deatb  she  expressed  a  wish  to  see  pon 
Miguel,  who  manifested  tbe  utmost  in- 
differefice  to  tbe  situation  of  his  mother. 
Upi)n  being  told  that  he  had  gone  out 
with  the  Marquis  de  Bellas,  she  is  re- 
ported to  have  said,  <  It  appears  that 
Don  Miguel  takes  more  interest  in  the 
daughter  of  the  Marquif  than  in  me  ; 
but  he  will  soon  regret  the  death  of  his 
mother.'  She  retained  ber  faculties  and 
self-possession  to  the  last ;  in  proof  of 
which  she  ordered  several  letters  written 
by  Lord  Beresford  to  be  brought  to  her 
and  consigned  to  the  flames  before  her 
eyes.  Tbe  correspondence  of  another 
Englishman,  under  the  name  of  Major 
Dudswell,  met  with  a  similar  fate."— 
(Contiituiumnel.) 

Tbe  family  uf  which  the  Queen  was 
mother,  consisted  of  at  least  three  sons 
and  six  daughters :-« 1.  Maria-The- 
resa, now  widow  (from  1812)  of  the 
Infant  Don  Pedro  Carlos  of  Spain,  first 
cousin  to  King  Ferdinand  \  2.  Carlos 
Prince  of  Beira,  who  died  young;  3. 
.Isabella-Maria,  who  was  the  second  wife 
of  ber  uncle.  King  Ferdinand,  and  died 
Dec.  26,  1818  {  4.  Pedro  d'Alcantara, 
now  Emperor  of  Brazil ;  5.  Maria-Fran- 
cescina,  married  in  1816  (on  the  same 
day  as  ber  sister  to  his  father)  to  ber 
cousin  Don  Carlos,  tbe  heir-apparent 
of  Spain,  and  has  several  children  ;  6. 
Miguel,  now  King  of  Portugal ;  7. 
Anna -Joanna- Josephina  I  8.  Maria- 
Anna  ;  and  9y  an  Infanta  born  Dec. 
13,  1806.  We  believe  it  was  the 
youngest  of  these  daughters  who  in 
1828  formed  a  surreptitious  roateh  with 
tbe  Marquis  de  Loul^,  a  nobleman  not 
related  to  Royalty;  the  newly  married 
couple  shortly  after  visited  this  country^ 
and  are  now  resident  in  France. 


Hon.  John  Monckton. 
Jan,  2.  At  Fineshade  Abbey,  North- 
amptonsbire,  aged  90,  tbe  Hon.  John 
Monckton,  a  Gentleman  of  tbe  King's 
Privy  Chamber,  formerly  Lieut.-Colouel 
in  tbe  army,  half-great  uncle  to  Lord 
Viscount  Gal  way,  and  grandfather  of 
the  Earl  of  Harborougb. 


172 


Obituary. — Hon,  John  Monckton. —  Gen,  CVmion.        [Feb. 


He  was  born  Aii^.  2,  nSO,  the  eldest 
son  by  tbe  second   marriage  of  Jubn, 
tbe  first  Viscount  Galway,  witb  Jane, 
only  daughter  of  Henry  Westenra,  of 
Dublin,  Esq.   and  Elinor,   daughter  of 
Sir  Joshua  Allen.    He  served  in  India, 
under   the   first  Sir- Eyre   Coote,   and 
brought  home  the  dispatches  conveying 
the  intelligence  of  the  capture  of  Pondi- 
cherry,  in   1 761.     Having  attained  the 
rank  of  Lieut. -Colonel,  be  retired  fruni 
tbe  ai:roy ;  and  in  1795  was  appointed  a 
Gentlemaix  of  the  Kiqg's  Privy  Chamber. 
Having  married  tbe  sister  and  heiress  of 
the  gallant  Major  Adams,  with  whom  he 
bad  served  in  tbe  East  Indies,  be  settled 
at  Fineshade  Abbey,  «%bere  be  resided 
for  sixty  years,  and  died  universally  re- 
spected and  beloved.    His  wife  deceased 
Sept.^O,  1803,  leaving  issue  three  daugh- 
ters :    1.   Mary-Anne,  married  in  1796 
to  Gen.  Sir  George  Pigot,  Bart,  and  has 
a  numerous  family ;  2.  Jane,  deceased; 
3.  Eleanor,  married  in  1791  to  Philip, 
fifth  and  late  Earl  of  Harborougb,  and 
died  in  180£|>  having  given  birth  to  tbe 
present  Earl  and  six  daughters. 

Col.  Munckton'a  elder  half-brother, 
Robert,  was  a  Lieut.-General  in  tbe 
army,  and  second  in  command  to  Gen. 
Wolfe  at  Quebec.  He  was  shot  througk 
the  body,  tbe  ball  being  extraQt«Hl  from 
under  bis  shoulder-blade ;  but  be  reco- 
vered from  his  wound,  and  commanded 
the  expedition  against  Martinique,  which 
he  succeeded  iu  capturing.  General 
Moi^cktun  WM  afterwards  Guvernor  of 
Portsn^outh,  where  there  is  a  fort  which 
bears  his  naraei  and  wai  also  Represen- 
tative of  that  Borough  in  Parliament. 
He  died  May  3«  1789. 

Tbe  Hon,  Henry  Moncl^ton,  next 
brother  to  tke  gentleman  now  deceased, 
also  recovered  from  a  shot  through  hi< 
body  during  tbe  American  war,  but  waa 
killed  in  i^  subsequent  action, 

Tbe  Hoi».  Edward  Moackton,  the 
youngest  brother,,  still  survives,  at  tbe 
age  of  eighty-five;  at^l  recently,  not 
many  days  before  hls<  brother's  death, 
resigned  bis  cgmmisiiou  as  Colonel  of 
the  Sts^ordsbire  regiment  of  Yeomanry 
<?avalry.  He  married  the  Hon.  Sophia 
Pigot,  daughter  of  G/sprge,  Lord  Pigot, 
and  first  cousin  to  his  brother's  son-in- 
law. 

The  Hon.  Mary  Monckton,  tbe  young- 
est of  tbe  family,  was  the  second  wile 
of  the  late  Earl  of  Corke  (\nd  Orrery : 
and  al$o  survives,  in  ber  eighty-se«oiid 
yeaif,  in  the  enjoymeat  of  unusuid  |ww«n 
both  of  body  anil  npAd. 

Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  H.  Clinton. 
Dtc.  U.    Ax  bia  seat  io  Hampsiure, 
Lieul.-Geii.  Sir  Heury  CUul9n,  (^  C.  ^ 


K.  M.  T.,  St.  G.,  and  W.,  and  Colonel  of 
tbe  3d  regiment  of  foot. 

Sir  Henry  Clinton  was  the  younger 
son  of  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  Henry  Clinton, 
K.  B.  (grandson  of  Francis,  sixth  Earl  of 
Lincoln)  who  died  in  1795,  (sec  notices 
of  him,  Tol«  Lxv.  1060,]  and  brother 
tti  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  William- Henry  Clia<^ 
ton,  G.C.3.  tbe  present  Lieut.-Gencral 
qf  tbe  Ordnance,  and  Culooel  of  tbe 
55ib  regiment. 

Sir  Henry  commenced  bis  nilUaiy  ca* 
reer  Oct.  10,  1787>  at  fin&ign  ii)  tbo  1  lib 
foot,  from  which  he  was  rBqioYed.to  th» 
1  St  Guards,  March  1 9, 1 799.  Fron  Oct. 
1788  to  Aug.  i789»  he  served  in  tfa« 
Brunswick  Corps,  under  LicaU-Geun.  die 
Riedesel ;  and  on  the  85th  of  M^rcb, 
1790.joined  his  regiment,  tke  IttGu^fdt. 
He  received  a  company  in  th«  l&tb  loot 
on  the  6th  of  April  following,  fron  wbkb 
be  exchanged  into  tbe  Guard*,  Nov.  tko 
aoth,  1793.  In  January,  1793,  h«  was 
appointed  Aid-de-Camp  to  bit  Rcgrai 
Highness  the  Duke  of  York,  ia  wblck 
capacity  he  served  tbe  campaigiii  of 
1793  and  1794,  in  the  Netherlandtt  b« 
was  present  at  the  action  of  St.  Amaadj 
battle  of  Famara,  siege  of  Valeadenpti^ 
action  of  Lidregbem,  battles  of  WaftUc- 
nies  and  Maubeuge,  aod  action  of  Vuuk 
Qu  the  22d  of  April,  I7»4,  h»  «^  ape 
pointed  Major  by  brevet,  and  witk  that 
rank  was  at  the  action  of  Canphin  go 
the  IQth  of  May  followuAi^  ip  whicsh . 
being  wounded,  be  wa«  absent  ipom  thm 
army  to  tbe  lOih  of  Anffwit,  tilMnbn 
j(»iQed  near  Breda. 

M^or  Qinton  next  terved  ft  ^  !!«&• . 
qf  Nintegi^en  by  tbe  eneaqy,  Ila  c«- 
tuffied  to  England  witb  tbe  Duke  of 
York,  nnd  remained  Aid-d^-Cani^  t«  bin 
Rvof^  Hicbnesa,  qntU  pcoesoted  tM  tjkvn 
LieHt.-Coloneky  of  the  66tb  VfCioWAt* 
Sept.  30.  1795. 

lu  tbe  following  iponth  LUut.-CoL 
CUpton  proceeded  to  join  that  regiaien(t 
in  tbe  West  liuJies.  He  was  preaeot  a| 
tbe  landing  in  St.  Lucie,  under  SirEalpk 
Abercromby,  an4  at  the  siege  aiid.  anr- 
render  of  Morue  Fortune ;  after  which 
Kp  jaiived  tbe  66tb,  at  Port-au-Priace,^ 
in  St.  Domiugo.  Tbe  SOib  of  OeUber,  . 
1796,  be  again  exchanged  to  the  let 
Guards,  and  sailed  from  St.  Domingo  tO 
join  that  Corfi,^  but  w«s  mn4e  pcifpncr 
on  tbe  passage^  and  did  not  arriire  in 
England,  entilJune,  1797.  He  iqgwid 
witb  t^e  Gnarda  in  IreUnd  in  n9B«  and 
in  that  yjear  waa  appointed  Aidrde-Canip 
to.  Lord  Cornwajlif,  tkn  Lord-Lient/toanft 
and  Comniander-io-Cbief  iu  that  cemnr 
try,  under  w^om  be  aerved  tbe  short 
camp^gQ  in  Gonnaugbt,  and  was  pre- 
sent at  tbe  surrender  of  tbe  French  fovcn 
under  Gen.  Unmbert  ai  BaUiiiairnirkp 


1830.] 


Obitvaay,— -. 


.-Gm.  Sir  H.  ClmUm. 


tad 


lu  Apnl,  1799*  Licut.-C«l.  CUotoD, 
beiof  atucb«l  to  Lord  W.  Bcaiiock» 
empluyed  od  a  mittioD  to  tbo  Aiutro- 
RuttUn  army  io  Italy,  was  pretcot  at 
the  bat  tie  off  Tr«biaf  ticfct  of  Aiexaa- 
dria  and  SeraYalle»  and  at  the  battia  of 
Nuvi;  after  wbieby  being  appointed  to 
aiiend  Marahal  SiitirarroTT,  on  bit  march 
into  SwitMriand,  he  euit  present  at  the 
actiuo  in  forcing  the  passage  of  St* 
Got  bard :  at  those  of  tbeTeufels  Briicky 
Kluntbaler  See,  and  Glarus.    Early  in 

1800,  being  employed  oo  a  mission  to 
the  AMttrian  army  in  Swabia,  he  was 
present  at  the  battles  of  Engen  and 
Mocskirck)  and  during  the  retreat  from 
the  Upper  Paouhe  to  Alt  Of  ting  in  Ba- 
varia. At  tba  end  of  the  campaign  he 
Juined  his  battalion  io  England ;  in  June, 

1801,  be  was  appointed  Assistant  Adju- 
tant-general ill  the  eastern  district; 
and  In  Jone,  180S»  Adjutant-general  in 
the  Eaat  ludict.  He  received  tbe  brevet 
off  Colonel,  Sept.  S5»  1803,  and  in  Oct. 
he  Joined  the  army  under  LorJ  Lftke,  at 
Agra.  He  was  at  the  battle  of  Lasswar- 
ree,  on  which  occasion  he  was  entrusted 
by  his  Lfordship  with  tbe  command  of 
the  richt  of  the  army ;  be  continued  to 
serve  in  Hindostau,  until  October,  1804, 
and  then  he  resigned  the  appoiutment 
of  AJjutanl-generaL  lu  Blarob  follow- 
ing be  sailed  from  India. 

lu  November,  1805,  Col.  Clinton  was 
emplo>ed  on  a  mission  to  the  Ruuiau 
army  in  lloravia»  under  Gen.KiUusovv; 
aud  at  the  eeoclusion  of  the  peace  be- 
tween Russia  aad  France*  returned  to 
Eugland.     In  July,  1806,  he  embarked 
fur  Sicily,  in  command  of  the  flank  bat- 
talion of  the  Guards.    He  commanded 
the  garrison  of  Syracuse  from  Dec  1806 
to  November  following,  and  returned 
with  bis  battalion  to  England  in  Jan. 
1808  i  the  85th  of  which  month  he  was 
apiHAJnted  Brigadier-general,  and  as  such 
Commanded  a  brigade  in  the  armament 
that,  sailed  undec  the  late  Sir  John  Moore 
to  Sweden.    On  bis  return  from  tbe  Ut- 
ter phK-e,  he  was  appointed  Adjutant- 
general  to  tbe  army  in  Portugal  &    he 
was  present  at  tbn  action  of  Vimiera, 
and  with  Sir  John  Moore  during  the 
campaign  in  Spain,  and  retreat  through 
Gallicia,  to  the  embarkation  ai  Curunna 
io  Jan.  L809.  On  his  return  (rom  Spain, 
he  publidied  a  pamphlet,  entitled  **  A 
Few  Remarks  eaplanatory  of  the  motives 
which  guided  tbe  opetatioaa  ol  the  liriu 
ith  army  dujiog  Ibo  late  short  campaign 
in  Spaiu  i**  the  object  of  which  was  to 
justify  the  rctreaft  of  Sir  John  Moore, 
and  **  to  dear  hia  repotation  from  that 
shade,  which  by  some  has  bcoo  caa( 
over  it." 

The  tttU  oC  Jan.  1809t  Cot  Uintoa 


was  appointed  A4jtttaai  general  in  lie- 
land,  and  on  the  S5(h  of  July,  1810,  « 
Mi^or-GeneraL    lu  0«t.  1811,  he  waa 
removed  from  the  Staff  of  Ireland  to 
that  of  the  army  noder  Lord  Wellington 
in  Portugal,  and  was  appointed  to  tbt 
command  of  the  siath  division.   In  June, 
1812,  he  waa  charged  with  tbe  siege  off 
the  fo^s  of  Salamanca  {  and  he  was  pre- 
sent at  the  battle  fought  near  that  city 
on  the  $Sd  of  July.    When  Lord  Wel- 
lington marched  against  Joseph  Buona- 
parte at  Madrid,  Major-General  Clinton 
was  entrusted  with  the  command  of  that 
part  of  tbe  army  left  upon  the  Douro,  to 
observe  tbe  enemy  in  that  quarter.     He 
was  present  at  the  siege  of  the  Cutle  of 
Burgos,  and  in  the  several  affairs  which 
happened  in  the  retreat  from  theilce  to 
the  frontiers  of  Portugal    Mi^or-Gen. 
Clinton  received  the  thanks  of  Parlia- 
ment for  his  conduct  at  the  battle  of 
Salamanca;  on  tbe  99ih  of  Jolv,  1818, 
he  was  appointed  an  extra  Knight  of  tho 
Order  of  tbe  Bath,  and,  on  tbe  enlarge- 
ment of  the  Order,  nominated  a  Knight 
Grand  Cross.    In  April,  1813,  be  was 
appointed  a  LieQt.-Gen.  In  Spain  and 
Portugal  I  he  was  present  at  the  invest- 
ment of  Pamplona  in  July,  and  at  tho 
actions  which  were  fought  upon  paaslng 
tbe  Nivelle  in  November,  and  the  Nive 
in  December  of  that  year.    During  tbe 
winter  be  was  employed  in  the  blockade 
of  Bayonne  ;  was  present  at  tbe  battle 
of  Ortbes  on  the  97th  of  February,  18I4| 
affair  of  Cacerea,  on  the  JTd  ofMarebj 
affair  at  Tarbes,  rni  the  90tb|  and  at 
the  battle  of  Tontowae,  on  tbe  1 0th  of 
April.    Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  Henry  Clinton 
received  tbe  thanks  of  Pariiament  for 
hia  serrkea  in  these  several  actions  (see 
onr  vol.  ULXXiv.  ii.  70.) 

Sir  Henry  waa  appointed  Colonel- 
Commandani  of  the  fimt  hattalioii,  60tb 
foot.  May  SO,  1813;  Lieut  .-General  iw 
the  army,  June  4,  1814;  the  same  year 
Inspeetor-gcneral  of  Infantry;  and,  sub- 
sequently, seoofid  in  oommaiid  in  tbe 
Belgian  army.  He  commanded  a  divi- 
sion of  infantry  at  tbe  battle  of  Water- 
loo ;  aud  for  his  coitdwct  on  that  occasto* 
waa  appointed  Knight  of  tbe  Auocriao 
Ordw  of  MariarTbereia  ;  Knight  of  th» 
Third  Qass  of  the  Ruasian  Order  of  St. 
George ;  and  Knight  of  the  Third  Clam 
of  the  Wilbeim  Order,. oC  the  Kingdom 
of  the  NctberlaiidK 

He  afterwards  commanded  a.  diviaion 
of  the  British  coaiingeut  in  Fcancei  On 
thedtbof  August,  1815,  he  was  mmoved 
from  the  sixth  baitalion,  60ih  (out,  to 
the  Colonelty  of  his  Into  regiment,  tbe 
3d  foot  i  aed  on  the  SOih  id  May,  1816, 
be  again  rwceived  in>  penou  %he  tlmiikft 
of  the  House  uf  Commons. 


174 


Obituauy. — Sir  Thomas  Lawrence,  Prea  K.  A. 


[F«6; 


Sir  Henry  Clinton  married,  Dec.  83, 
17999  Lady  Susan  Charteris,  sister  to 
the  present  Earl  of  Weroyss,  and  to  the 
Countess  of  Stamford  and  Warrington. 
Her  Ladyship  died  without  issue,  Aug^. 
17,  1816. 

Sir  Thomas  Lawrence,  Prbs.  R.  A. 

Jan.  14.  At  his  house  in  Russell- 
square,  aged  60,  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence, 
Knt.  President  of  the  Royal  Academy, 
Principal  Portrait-Painter  to  his  Ma- 
jesty, LL.D.  Fits,  and  Knight  of  the 
Legion  of  Honour. 

Sir  Thomas  Lawrence  was  born  at 
Bristol,  April  13,  1769.  His  father, 
Thomas,  who  had  been  a  Supervisor  of 
Excise,  took  possession  of  the  White 
Lion  Inn,  in  Broad'Street,  on  the  3d 
of  June  following  Sir  Thomas's  birth.* 
Mr.  Lawrence  in  person  was  tall  and 
rotund  ;  and  to  the  last  wore  a  large 
bushy  wig  and  a  cocked  hat.  His 
manners  were  mild  and  pleasing,  and 
his  countenance  blooming  and  grace- 
ful. He  made  some  pretensions  to 
literary  taste,  and  was  fond  of  reciting 
poetry,  particularly  passages  from  Shak- 
speare  and  Milton.  In  some  satiric  lines, 
by  Chatterton,  entitled  '*  The  Defence," 
be  is  lashed  as  an  admirer  of  one  of  the 
contemporary  versifiers  of  the  boy-bard, 
whose  resplendent  genius  was  undistin- 
guished through  the  Bceotian  fogs  that 
then  enYcloped  his  native  city— > 

**  Say,  can  the  satirising  pen  of  Shears 
Exalt  his  name,  or  mutilate  bis  ears  ? 
None  but  a  Lawrence  can  adorn  bis 
lays,  [praise." 

Who  in  a  quart  of  claret  drinks  his 

Sir  Thos.  Lawrence's  mother  was  the 
daughter  of  a  clergyman,  the  incumbent 
of  Tetbury  in  Gloucestershire ;  and  Sir 
Thomas  had  two  brothers  and  two  sis- 
ters. His  elder  brother,  the  Rev.  Andrew 
Lawrence,  was  Chaplain  of  Haslar  Hos- 
pital, and  his  brother  William  a  Major 
in  the  Army;  both  have  been  dead  some 
years.  His  elder  sister,  Lucy,  was  mar- 
ried  in  March,  1800,  to  Mr.  Meredith, 
solicitor,  of  Birmingham.  She  died  in 
February,  1813*  leaving  one  daughter, 
married  to  Mr.  John  Aston,  of  St.  Paul's- 


*  As  Mr.  Lawrence  became  an  inha- 
bitant of  the  parish  of  Christ  Church  at 
so  near  a  period  to  Sir  Thomas's  birth, 
the  registers  have  been  searched  for  an 
entry  of  his  baptism,  but  it  is  not  to 
be  found  in  it.  The  register  con- 
tains entries  of  the  baptism  of  Littleton 
Colston,  son  of  Thomas  and  Lucy  Law- 
rence, on  the  18th  of  Dec.  1770,  and  of 
their  daughter  Frances,  on  the  10th  of 
Dec.  177«» 


square,  in  Birmingham.  His  jomiger 
sister,  Anne,  married  the  Rev.  Dr.  BIok- 
am,  of  Rugby,  and  they  have  six  aooa 
and  three  daughters  living. 

We  will  nuw  quote  from  Mr.  Barring- 
ton's  Miscellanies,  (which  were  printtti 
in  1781,)  a  passage  In  whieb  be  noticct 
the  future  President.    After  speakinf^  of 
the  early  musical  talent  exhibited  by  the 
Earl  of  Momington,  be  prueeedt,*-^'  As 
I  have  mentioned  so  many  other  proofs 
of  early  genius  in  children,  I  eannot  bers 
pass  unnoticed  Master  Lawrence,  tun  of 
an  innkeeper  at  the  Devises  in  WUtshlrs 
[whither  his  father  had  tlien  reoMvcd 
from  Bristol.]   This  boy  is  now  (vis.  Fobw 
1780)  nearly  ten  years  and  a  nislf  oMi 
but  at  the  age  of  nine,  witlwat  tlie  OMSt 
distant  instruction  from  any  one,  be  was 
capable  of  copying  historical  piotores  in 
a  masterly   style,  and    also  socceodod 
amasingly  in  compositions  of  his  own, 
particularly  that  of  Peter  denying  Christ* 
In  about  seven  minutes  he  scarcely  ever 
failed  of  drawing  a  strong  likeness  of 
any  person  present,  which  bed  generally 
much  freedom  and  grace,  if  the  sali)eel 
permitted.    He  is  likewise  an  exoelleoc 
reader  of  blank  verse,  and  will  imnw- 
diately  convince  any  one  that  be  both 
understands  and  feels  the  striking  pas- 
sages of  Milton  and  Shakspeare.**    This 
last  talent  it  is  probable  the  boy  Is- 
bibed   from   his    parent :   Sir  TbomM 
Lawrence  was  always  dktingolslied  for 
skill,  taste,  and  feeling  In  recitation. 

Failing  in  business  at  Devises  Mr« 
Lawrence  returned  to  Batb,  where  Im 
took  a  private  residence  in  Alfred-street, 
and  for  some  time  owed  bis  own  sop- 
port  and  that  of  his  family  to  the  talewls 
and  industry  of  his  son  Tbonutt,  tbea 
111  bis  boyhood. 

Without  favouring  cireomstanoss, 
therefore,  it  may  well  be  ateribed  to  In- 
nate genius  (hat  young  Lawrence  at  a 
very  early  period  of  life  manifested  a  de- 
cided talent  for  the  fine  arts,  and  parti- 
cularly for  portraiture.  His  predilee- 
tiuns  and  abilities  in  this  pursuit  led  to 
his  being  placed  as  a  pupil  under  tbe 
care  of  Mr.  Huare  of  Bath,  the  father  of 
the  much-esteemed  Mr.  Prince  Hoare, 
and  a  crayon-painter  of  exquisite  taste, 
fancy,  and  feeling.  Under  such  a  mas-  ' 
ter,  it  is  not  surprising  that  Lawrenee 
should  acquire  those  qualities  of  gracey 
elegance,  and  spirit,  which  rendered 
him  so  truly  the  artist  of  patrician  dig*- 
nity  and  loveliness.  At  first  he  exccotml 
crayon  likenesses  in  the  manner  of  bis 
instructor;  and  two  of  these  portraits 
have  been  seen  of  ladies  in  red  faekets* 
with  hats  and  feathers,  the  then  un- 
sightly costume  of  the  fashionable  of 
Bath,  for  which  he  was  paid  Urn  skUim^ 


1830.]  Obituary. — Sir  Thonuu  Lawrence,  Prt».R,A. 


175 


and  tixpimie  each ;  yet  in  ibeir  AnUh 
tbey  pmrtftke  of  the  extreme  delicacy  of 
hti  latest  productions. 

The  Hod.  John  Hamilton^  a  member 
of  the  Abercorn  family,  wbo  resided  on 
Lansdown-biil,  contributed  greatly  to- 
wards tbe  cultivation  of  tbe  young 
artist*s  talents,  as  well  by  pecuniary  en- 
couragement, as  by  affording  bim  access 
to  some  rery  fine  scriptural  pieces,  tbe 
production  of  tbe  old  masters,  in  bis 
possession.  Anotber  of  bis  early  patrons 
was  Sir  Henry  Harpur,  a  Derbysbire 
baronet  of  fortune  and  liberality,  wbo 
even  went  so  far  as  to  offer  to  send  tbe 
lad  to  Italy  at  bis  own  expenie,  and  de- 
dicate \000L  to  tbat  purposes  but  tbe 
proposal  was  declined  by  tbe  fatber 
(wbo  was  naturally  very  proud  of  bis 
son),  on  tbe  alleged  ground  tbat  <*Tbo- 
mas's  genius  stood  in  need  of  no  such 
aid."  Personal  motives  of  a  less  disin- 
terested nature  might,  it  is  to  be  feared, 
have  bad  their  share  in  producing  this 
decision ;  his  son*s  pencil  being,  as  we 
have  already  seen,  at  that  period  tbe 
main  prop  of  the  whole  family. 

But  tbe  most  remarkable  incident  in 
tbe  life  of  young  Lawrence  during  bit 
residence  at  Batb,  was  bis  receiving  the 
great  silver  pallet  from  tbe  Society  of 
Arts— an  event  of  which  be  spoke  at  a 
recent  anniversary  of  tbat  Society  in 
terms  of  the  warmest  gratitude,  ascrib- 
ing to  this  encouragement  and  honour 
much  of  tbat  enthusiastic  feeling  and 
luve  of  his  art  which  bad  raised  bim  to 
his  eminent  station.  As  the  documents 
respecting  this  transaction  are  very  in- 
teresting, we  copy  them  from  the  pro- 
reedings  of  the  Society.  Tbe  first  entry 
appears  under  the  date  of  March  9t  1784, 
and  is  as  follows  :— •*  Resolved,  Tbat,  as 
the  drawing  marked  G  appears,  by  a 
date  upon  it,  to  have  been  executed  in 
tbe  jrear  1789,  it  cannot »  according  to 
tbe  ctinditions,  page  197,  be  admitted  a 
candidate.*' 

In  consequence  of  this  difficulty,  it 
appears  that  inquiries  had  been  iiisfi- 
tuted  :  and  on  tbe  30th  of  March  we 
find  the  annexed  record  : — ''Took  into 
consideration  the  drawings  of  tbe  Trans- 
figuration marked  G,  and  opened  tbe 
paper  containing  the  name  of  tbe  can- 
didate, according  to  the  directions  of 
tbe  Society,  and  it  appeared  to  tbe  Com- 
mittee that  the  candidate  was  T.  Lsw- 
rence,  aged  13,  1783,  in  Alfred-street, 
Bath. — The  Committee  having  received 
satisfactory  information  that  the  pro- 
duction is  entirely  the  work  of  tbe 
young  man ;  Resolved,— To  recommend 
to  tbe  Society  to  give  the  greater  silver 
pallet  gilt,  and  five  guineas,  to  Mr.  T. 

Lawreuce,  as  a  token  of  the  Society's 

approbation  of  hit  abilitiet." 


Tbe  grant  of  five  guineas  was  a  very 
uncommon  thing  at  this  period  of  the 
Society^s  history,  and  shows  how  highly 
Lawrence's  performance — the  Transfi- 
guration of  Raphael,  in  crayons— was 
appreciated  by  bis  judges;  one  of  whom, 
the  Chairman  of  tbe  Committee,  was 
Valentine  Green,  the  celebrated  engra- 
ver. Mrs.  Cocking,  tbe  well-informed 
housekeeper  of  this  institution,  remem- 
bers tbe  occasion  perfectly,  and  tbat  ber 
mother,  as  every  body  else,  was  much 
struck  by  tbe  extraordinary  beauty  of 
tbe  young  artist,  whose  light  hair  hung 
in  profusion  around  bis  fresh  and  charm- 
ing countenance. 

Before  Sir  Thomas  had  attained  bit 
teventeenth  year,  tbe  family  removed 
from  Bath  to  London  i    and  In  these 
days    tbe   fatber    used    to    sell    pencil 
sketches  and  portraits,  the  early  draw- 
ings of  his  son,  for  half  a  guinea  eacht 
many  of  which  have  since  been  re-pur- 
chased by  him,  at  a  high  price.     Sir 
Thomas,  during  his  obscurity,  and  want 
of  eroploymeut  as  an  artist,  lived  much 
on  what  is  called  "  the  Town,"  and  im- 
proved himself  in  the  aceomplishmenta 
requisite  to  form  the  gentleman  and  the 
man  of  fashion.    He  was  a  scientific  and 
successful  billiard   player}   but  one  of 
bis    friends    expretted   regret  that   be 
should  have  become  celebrated  for  hit 
skill  at  the  game,  and  be  relinquished 
it   altogether.     He    plaved    the    violin 
admirably,   and    danced    with    infinite 
grace.      He    recited    poetry,    and    de- 
claimed   with    taste     and    discrimiiui- 
tion.    His  performances  in  the  private 
theatricals  at  tbe  late  Marquis  of  Aber- 
corn's,  at  Stanmore,  evinced  to  much 
dramatic  skill  and  knowledge  of  stage- 
effect,  as  mtitt  have  insured  to  him  pre- 
eminence, had  he  adopted  the  stage  at 
a  profettion.      He  wat  once  to  have 
married  a  young  lady  of  great  beauty 
and  aceomplitbmentt,  the  daughter  of 
Mrs.  Siddons  t    but  at  tbat   period  hit 
own  income  was  extremely  limited,  and 
tbe  father  of  tbe  lady,  wbo  was  then 
living,  refused  bis  consent.     He  subse- 
quently ever  remained  single;    but  tbe 
noblest  efforts  of  his  art  have  been  ex- 
erted in  perpetuating  various  real  and 
historical  resemblances  of  tbe  different 
brancbet  of  tbit  family ;  and  it  is  re- 
markable   that   his    last  work  wat    a 
sketch   of   Miss   Fanny  Kemble.    Thn 
object  of  bit  addrestet  died  of  a  pul- 
monary complaint  many  yeart  ago. 

Lawrence's  first  appearance  as  an  ex- 
hibitor at  Somerset-House  was  in  1787, 
(when  six  hundred  and  sixty-six  pictures, 
dec  formed  the  collection)  ;  here  we  find 
T.  Lawrence,  at  No.  4,  Leicetter-iquarey 
with  teven  product iont,  one  a  portrait 


1J6 


Obitvakt.— Sir  Tkomag  Lawrence,  Free.  R.  J. 


pWi. 


of  Mrs.  Est  en,  In  tbe  ebsncter  of  BelTi- 
dera,  four  other  poftmitt  of  ladles,  a 
Vestal  Vir^ii,  and  a  Mad  Girl.  Next 
year  the  arthrt  resided  in  Jermyn-street, 
and  sent  six  or  his  performances,  all  por* 
traits.  In  1789  he  exhibited  no  fewer 
than  thirteen  pieees,  and  was  evidently 
advancing  rapidly  in  his  profession,  as 
three  of  the  portraits  are  "  ladies  of  qua- 
lity,** besides  his  Royal  Highness  the 
Duke  of  York.    In  1790,  among  twelve 

£ietures,  occur  tbe  Princess  Amelia,  her 
lajesty,  a  Nobleman's  Son,  a  General 
Officer,  and  a  Celebrated  Actress.  The 
last  was  Miss  Farren,  whose  beaatifal 
whole-length  was  hung  as  a  pendant  to 
the  eelebratedf  one  of  Mrs.  Billington,  as 
8t.  Cecilia,  by  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds.  In 
1791,  Lawrence's  address  was  S4,  Old 
Bond^treet ;  and  Homer  reciting  his 
PoeBM  is  the  first  subject  we  find  with 
bis  name.  In  the  next  Catalogue  the 
prusperous  record  runs,  **  Thomas  Law- 
rence, a  Prindpal  Painter  in  Ordinary 
to  His  Majesty  ;*'  and  his  chief  pictures 
are,  a  Lady  of  Fashion  as  Barbarossa, 
aad  a  portrait  of  the  King.  He  subse- 
«[ucntiy  nu^ddhf  several  years  in  Greek- 
street,  Soho,  wbese  we  hare  understood 
WiMtall  occupied  part  of  the  same  house. 

The  peaee  of  18*14  was  an  auspicious 
ssTCi  for  Lawrence.  He  received  a  mag^ 
niftcent  commission  from  hie  royal  pa- 
tron, tbe  Xing',  to  paint  the  Allied  So- 
vereigna,  their  miaisters,  and  the  most 
•Kalted  p»rsonagea  off  Europe,  inrloding 
the  Pope,  Metternieb,  Blucher,  Platoff, 
Cardinal  Gonsal¥i,  Ac.  For  this  purpose 
be  visited  Paris,  Vienna,  Rome^  and  the 
other  principal  cities  of  the  continent. 
He  iwceived  tbe  bonoiir  of  knighthood, 
April  «0^  1815. 

On- the  death  of  Mr.  West  In  18S0,  Sir 
Thomas  Lawrenoe  was  elected  to  the 
President's  chair,  in  tbe  Rojral  Academy. 
Hto  was  then  at  Rome,  employed*  on  his 
portrait  of  rhe  Pope,  but  be  speedily  re^ 
turned  to:  England.  In  his  high  and 
honourable  office,  hie  elegance  and  sua- 
vity of  manner,  united  with  a  strong 
impression  of  bis  general  benevolence 
and  liberality,  rendered  him  eminently 
popular.  His  lavt  public  duty  at  the  Aca- 
demy was  tbe  delivery  of  the  biennial 
medals  about  a  month  before  bis  decease 
(see  our  December  Magaxine,  p.  544), 
when  the  ailbctlonate  eloquence  of  bit 
address  waa  such  at  will  never  be  forw 
gotten  by  tbe  students.  Two  or  three 
of  bia  similar  addresses  have  been  print- 
ed, but  only  for  private  distribution. 

In  1886  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence  paid 
another  visit  to  Paris,  for  tbe  purpose 
of  painting  Cbarlee  X.  and  was  reward- 
ed  with  the  croM  of  the  Legion  of 
Honour.    The  acceptance  of  foreign  ho- 


nours is  generally  denied  to  Brftfslr  tirb* 
jects  by  tne  English  government  eseept 
for  military  services.  A  few  etceptiont 
are  to  be  found  undier  peculiar  eiream- 
stancrs,  and  the  case  of  the  late  Presi- 
dent is  one. 

His  death  was  unexpected,  occurring 
after  a  slight  illness  of  five  days.  On 
the  previous  Saturday  be  dined,  in  com- 
pany with  Mr.  Witkie,  Mr.  Jackson,  and 
some  other  artists,  at  tbe  bouse  of  Mr. 
Secretary  Peel.  On  Sunday  he  ftrtt 
complained  of  pain  fn  the  neck  and 
lower  part  of  the  face.  From  that  dny 
till  Tuesday  his  malady  seemed  to  In- 
crease and  remit  at  intenralt,  and  mwM 
considered  Inflammation  in  tbe  boarelt. 

So  late  as  tbe  Tuesday  bt  was  bosl^ 
employed  in  the  Committee  of  the  Atb^ 
nsBum,  making  arrangements  Ibr  the 
opening  of  the  new  botttCy  where  be  .was 
paniculariy  animated  on  tbe  subject  of 
internal  decoration,  and  took  a  great 
interest  in  pfucuring  works  of  art  to 
adorn  the  interior.  He  had  hinuelf  pro- 
mised to  paint  and  pivsent  a  portrait  of 
His  Mi^esty,  to  be  placed  in  tna  library t 
but  tbe  accomplishment  of  tbif  pmiaiae 
was  unhappily  prevented  by  hit  d^tb. 
He  was  also  at  Messra.  Conttt,  the  ban- 
kers; and  the  subject  of  conversation 
now  remembered,  was  that  of  an  exqui- 
sitely written  letter  of  condolence  went 
by  him  to  one  of  the  partnen,  on  the 
decease  of  bis  daughter.  On  tbe  evening 
of  the  same  day„  Mn.Octley,  the  wife 
of  tbe  distinguished  writer  on  the  Fine 
Arts,  and  a  part  of  her  young  fVimily, 
spent  the  evening  with  bhn,  when  be 
appeared  cbeerM.  On  Wednesday  even- 
ing he  was  worse,  and  Dr.  Holland  was 
called  in,  who  immediately  saw  tbe  dan- 
ger of  hie  patient,  with  whom  he  sat  op 
all  night:  be  was  relieved  and  better 
during  Thursday,  so  that  towanll  even- 
ing he  received  two  other  old  frlendi, 
one  of  whom  read  to  him,  at  bis  own 
request,  an  article  in  the  New  Monthly 
Magazine,  in  answer  to  tome  obser- 
vations in  the  Edinburgh  Review  on 
the  life  of  Flaxman.  They  had  re- 
tired, perhaps  to  take  tea  in  anotber 
room,  when  they  were  suddenly  alarm- 
ed by  cries  fbr  anistance :  they  were 
those  of  Sir  Thomas's  servant,  bat 
when  they  reached  the  spot  whidl 
they  had  so  recently  quitted,  his  nMster 
had  ceased  to  breathe.  An  examination 
made  by  Mr.  Green,  in  the  presence  of 
Dr.  Holland  and  Mr.  Foster  Reeve,  as- 
certains death  to  have  ensued  from  an 
extensive  and  complieated  ossification  of 
the  vessels  of  tbe  heart. 

Thus  died  the  most  distingulslied 
painter  of  the  day  in  one  branch  of  tbe 
art,  that  of  portrait-painting;    In  this 


1830]        Obituary.— Sir  Thomai  Lawretue,  Pret.  ILJ. 


117 


he  wmi  cf  rtainly  without  a  rival ;  and 
bit  reputation  and  torcMt  were  not  hi- 
ooinmeniurate  with  hit  merit.  He  wai 
called  on  lo  paint  all  the  rminent  cha- 
racter* of  bit  daj,  whether  dittini^uithed 
by  personal  attractions  at  beaut iet,  hv 
rank  or  ttation,  or  by  tatenti  which 
were  likely  to  render  their  lirinjf  linea- 
wientt  objecii  of  curiosity  with  posterity. 
The  charaet eristics  of  hit  style  were 
brilliancy  of  colour,  and  a  delicate  mode 
vf  conveyinf  a  faithful  resemblance,  with 
an  eaquititely  beautiful  sense  of  grace 
and  effect.  This  perception  of  beauty 
and  grace  was  combined  with  a  strung 
sense  of  individualitv  of  character — and 
nrely,  indeed^  did  he  fail,  whilst  con- 
eeyinf  the  oMst  accurate  resembUnce, 
to  iflnpart  also  ioine  of  those  graces, 
umted  with  iboee  iflB|ifovements  which 
aprin^  from  a  mind  having  the  perfect 
tion  of  art  always  present  to  his  recol- 
lection. No  painter  who  ever  lived 
aaemed  to  dive  deeper  into  individual 
character,  as  conveyed  by  the  conform* 
Ation  of  the  ritage,  and  the  expression 
of  the  features  by  the  motion  of  the  lips 
and  eyes  I  and  none  knew  more  skilfully 
bow  to  avail  himteU  of  the  changeful 
appearances  which  they  betrayed  in  those 
convertationt  which  were  dexleroutly 
introduced  during  thesittinf;,  and  which 
destroyed  or  relaxed  a  rigidity  of  muscle 
assumed  on  tuch  occatiunt,  and  which 
frequently  bafllet  the  utmost  ingenuity 
of  the  artist. 

His  portraits  in  the  last  eshibition 
were  the  fulk>wing:^The  Duke  of  Cla- 
rence ;  Duchess  of  Richmond ;  Marchio- 
iictt  of  Salisbury;  Lord  Durham  ;  Miss 
'Macdonaltl }  Mrs.  Locke,  son.;  John 
Soanc,  Esq.;  and  Robert  Southcy,  Esq. 
At  the  perio<l  of  hii  dcmiie  he  wat  en- 
gaged on  many  .interesting  personnge^; 
among  others,  Sir  George  Murray,  M.P. 
for  the  county  of  Prrth  ;  and  the  follow- 
ing engravings  from  hi«  works  were  pub- 
litbedlduring  the  latt  tucUe  months;— 
the  King,  whole  length,  in  linCf  by 
H.  Findcn,  (18  liy  27]  ;  ditto,  mcizo- 
tinto,  by  T.  Hodgctit  (««im«t  tizt);  hy 
R.  L^nc,  in  htbography  (19  by  16); 
Pope  Pius  VII.,  whole  length,  roczso- 
tinto,  by  S.  Cousins  (?0  by  31);  Lord 
LyneJocb,  whole  length,  mczz.  by  T. 
Hod^etts  (17  by  98)  ;  Mr.  Canning, 
whole  length,  by  C.  Turner  (16  by  96) ; 
Earl  Grey,  and  tue  Right  Hon.  John 
Wilson  Croker,  both  roezf .  by  S.  (Ton- 
sin<  (11  by  16) ;  two  daughters  of  C.  B. 
Calmady,  Esq.  under  tlie  title  Nature, 
in  line,  1^  G.  T.  Doo  (14  hy  Mi) ;  Eliza- 
beih  Duchess  of  Devonshire  (19  by  14); 
Mist  Bkntam,  a  study  (II  by  14),  in 
chalk,  by  F.  C.  Lewi* ;  and,  finally»  Miss 

Gent.  Mao.  FHruary,  1830. 

11 


Fanny  Kerohle,  in  lithography,  by  R. 
Lane.  In  theprogreuof  this  latt  dratt- 
ing  the  Pretident  took  great  interest, 
and  Mr.  Lane  worked  on  it  for  several 
days  at  Sir  Thomas's  house,  and  under 
his  eye,  frequent  touches  and  improve- 
ments lieing  added  by  him,  and  at  his 
suggestion.  This  beautiful  print  may, 
therefore,  be  considered  as  affording  a 
specimen  of  a  master-band  applied  u|»on 
a  material  hitherto  strange  to  him.  Had 
he  lived,  the  world  wouhl  probably  have 
been  dt4ighted  with  a  drawing  on  stone 
entirely  of  his  own  production.  As  it 
it,  the  print  will  lierome  additionally 
vaUiable,  from  the  circumstances  under 
which  it  appeared.  We  are  happy  to 
announce  that  the  same  excellent  litho- 
graphic artist  hat  Just  completed  a  simi- 
lar print  of  Sir  Thomas,  from  a  drawing 
by  himself. 

But  the  late  President  was  ambi- 
tious of  the  still  higher  honours  of  his 
art ;  and  if  we  recall  to  memory  the  evi- 
dence which  he  gave  to  the  Committee 
of  the  House  of  Commoiit,  t<iurhing  the 
Elgin  marbles,  we  shall  find  that  he 
ardently  aspired  to  the  glory  of  an  his- 
torical painter,  though  the  calls  of  an 
inferior  branch  held  him  bound  in  tram- 
mels through  which  he  could  not  break. 
Some  of  his  early  copies  and  designs 
have  before  been  noticed ;  and  it  is 
stated  that  his  attention  had  lung  been 
engaged  in  a  grand  composition  from 
Milton. 

«  The  President  has  left  many  pictures 
nnliniihed,  which  throw  much  into  the 
hands  of  his  survivors.  Hit  prices  were 
very  high — 600/.  f  jr  a  whole  length,  of 
which  a  moiety  was  paid  at  the  Artt 
sitting.  Among  hit  latest  portraits  thus 
painted,  is  one  of  Moore,  for  Mr.  Mur- 
ray. But,  with  all  his  immense  re- 
ceipts, it  is  understood  that  SirT.  Law- 
rence has,  from  early  incumbrances  and 
a  profuse  expenditure,  which  dilBrulties 
always  aggravate,  died  puor.  His  will  baa 
not  \«t  been  proved ;  but  we  understand, 
that,  in  pursuance  of  iis  directions,  the 
invaluable  collection  nf  drawings  hy 
Michael  Angelo,  Raphael,  Rul>ens,  Rem- 
brandt, Leonardo  da  Vinci,  Guidu,  and 
the  other  old  masteri,  which  .cost  the 
President  upwards  of  thirty-seven  thou- 
sand poundt,  is  to  be  offered  to  the  Ring 
and,  in  case  of  refusal,  to  some  other 
patrons  of  art  and  public  iusiitutions,  at 
ld,000il  The  pictures,  thirty -three 
or  thirty-four  in  number,  painted  hy  Sir 
•Thomas  for  the  Waterloo  Gallery,  at 
WiiuUor  Castle,  have  been  removed  to 
their  dettinatiun.  Mr.  Peel  pOfctestes, 
from  his  luind,  all  the  portraits  of  his 
colleagues  excepting  that  of  the  Lord 


17« 


Obituaat.— Sir  Thamaa  Lawreuce,  Prei,  R.  J. 


XFeb. 


Chancellor,  who  had  agrted  to  lit  a  few 
^ayt  before  the  fatal  attack  came  on. 

The  King  it  said  to  have  i^nted  per- 
mission to  the  family,  pablicly  to  ex- 
hibit, for  their  exclusive  benefit,  all  the 
-portraits  painted  on  the  continent,  by 
Royal  command,  for  the  Kinf^.  His 
•Majesty  has  likewise  granted  permission 
to  engrave  these  works,  and  in  conse- 
fftienee  uf  this  gracious  signification,  the 
relatives  announce,  «they  are  making 
arrangements  for  the  immediate  publi- 
cation of  a  series  of  engravings  of  the 
most  distinguished  characters,  from  the 
works  of  the  late  President." 

No  portrait  of  Sir  Thomas  himself  had 
previously  to  his  death  been  published ; 
except  that  his  figure,  with  those  of  his 
two  brothers  and  his  sister,  exists  in  a 
well-known  series  of  prints,  after  West- 
all,  illustrative  of  the  ceremonies  of  the 
Thurch.  About  three  years  ago,  be  told 
Mr.  Acraman,  of  Bristol,  that  he  never 
painted  a  portrait  of  himself  but  once ; 
although  he  intended  to  do  it,  and  to 
present  it  to  his  native  city.  "  But," 
said  he,  **  should  I  fail  to  do  so,  and  yon 
can  find  out  the  portrait  that  I  painted 
of  Curran,  the  barrister,  one  of  m3rself 
might  he  found  under  it."  This  por- 
trait of  Curran  is  in  the  possession  of 
the  Rev.  John  Taylor,  of  Clifton.  In  a 
letter  to  J.  S.  HarfonI,  E^q.,  written 
about  two  years  since.  Sir  Thomas  ex- 
pressed his  Intention  of  presenting  his 
portrait,  through  him,  to  the  Bristol 
Institution.  The  same  intention  is  also 
mentioned  in  letters  to  Mr.  Acraman, 
at  whose  request,  his  friend,  G.  Moranty 
Esq.  recently  called  on  Sir  Thomas  to 
inquire  if  the  portrait  was  likely  to  be 
finished  in  time  for  the  Bristol  exhibi- 
tion in  the  present  year.  Sir  Thomas 
showed  that  gentleman  the  portrait  in 
a  very  forward  state,  and  said,  it  was 
his  intention  shortly  to  finish  it  and  send 
it  to  Bristol ;  at  the  same  time  be  apo- 
logised for  the  delay  that  had  occurred 
in  the  fulfilment  of  this  intention. 

Tbe  Monday  in  the  week  following 
that  in  which  he  died,  had  been  ap- 
pointed by  Sir  Thomas,  to  sit  for  a  bust 
to  his  friend  and  fellow-townsman,  Ed- 
ward H.  Baily,  Esq.  R.  A.  Under  this 
circumstance  Mr.  Baily  was  allowed  to 
take  a  cast  of  the  President's  face  after 
death  )  the  same  privilege  being  granted 
to  one  other  person  only — Mr.  Chant  cry. 
Mr.  Baily  intends  to  proceed  immediately 
with  bis  bust,  as  well  as  with  a  model 
for  a  medal,  to  be  engraved  by  Mr.Scipio 
Clint,  the  medallist  to  the  King.  One 
of  the  first  copies  of  the  bust  is  intended 
by  Mr.  Baily  to  grace  the  siatuary-room 
of  the  Bristol  Institution,  and  thus  fulfil 
what  is  known  to  have  been  one  of  tbe 


President's  wishes.  We  will  not  leave 
tbe  subject  of  Lawrence's  birth-plaee 
without  inserting  one  of  his  letters  tethe 
above  named  Mr.  Acraman,  which  hw^ 
been  recently  published.  From  tbe  n. 
spect  entertained  in  tbe  placo  of  bis 
birth  for  Sir  Thomas's  character*  as 
well  as  for  his  talents,  he  was  preseotcd 
.wiih  the  freedom  of  the  city  in  the 
spring  of  last  year,  at  the  same  time 
that  a  similar  compliment  was  paid  to 
Lord  Eldon.  Tbe  folk>wiiig  is  bis  reply 
to  the  communication. 

<<  RuiteH-^ifumr^,  Jjprii  9,  1899. 
<'  Mv  DEAR  Sir, 

'*  Your  kind  assurance  now  con- 
firms to  me,  that  I  have  received  from 
my  native  city  the  very  highest  honour 
(the  protection  of  Majesty  eicepted) 
that  could  have  rewarded  my  piofet- 
-sional  exertions ;  I  beg  3^00  to  expren 
to  those  of  your  friends  who,  with  your- 
self,  have  generously  assisted  in  -pro- 
curing it,  (be  sincere  gratitodeand  re- 
spect with  which  it  has  imptesged  me, 
and  the  attachment  it  has  strengthened 
to  the  pktet  of  my  Hrthf  as  weH  as  the 
seal  with  whidi  I  shall  attempt-  to  for- 
ward any  measure  conducive  to  its  I10- 
nour,  and  the  improrement  of  Its  leAned 
establishments. 

*'  I  shall  gladly  take  advantage  of 
your  offer  for  tbe  exhibition  of  my  two 
other  pictures. 

**  Pardon  some  baste  in  which  I  write, 
and  believe  me  to  remain  whli  tbe  high- 
est esteem,  My  dear  Sir,  yoor  very  faith- 
ful servant,  Thos.  Lawrincb." 
•*Td  D,^.  Acraman^  Esq.  Brittti.** 

In  another  letter,  very  recently  re- 
ceived at  Bristol,  by  Mr.  John  Hare^Jun. 
Sir  Thomas,  in  enclosing  a  donation 
for  tbe  Anchor  Society,  expressed  him- 
self warmly  interested  in  the  welfaie 
of  his  native  city.  He  was  elected  an 
Honorary  Member  of  the  Philosophical 
and  Literary  Society  at  the  Bristol  In- 
stitution; and  to  tbe  Exhibition  of  Pic- 
tures in  the  Institution  he  often  liber- 
ally contributed,  as  a  loan,  some  of  his 
most  beautiful  performances. 

Sir  Thomas's  characteristic  benevo- 
lence, and  tbe  prompt  and  liberal  man- 
ner in  which  be  came  forward  to  patro- 
nize Danby,  on  his  leaving  Bristol  for 
London,  drew  forth  the  following  affec- 
tionate tribute  from  another  of  the 
gifted  sons  of  that  City— 

In  genius  vigouroup,  yet  refin'd. 
Noble  in  art,  yet  more  in  mind--- 
SweeMemper*d,  gifted  Lawrence,  great. 
In  singleness  of  heart  innate^ 
Pleas'd  others*  genius  to  commend. 
And  kind  a  ready  hand  to  lend 
To  merit,  when  it  wants  a  friend. 


iUSO J        OaiTUAftT.«-^5ir  Tkmnm  Lawnmee,  Ptrm.  &  A 


179 


In  rtfertac*  to  this  patMft»  Sir 
Thonncy  in  a  letter  in  tiM  po«e«i<Mi  of 
the  eoniDoiiieaot  of  these  notice^  tpeekt 
of  the  coo  flatterinf  mention  of  Ml 
naae.  *'  I  with,"  be  fayt*  ••  I  coald 
feel  that  I  detenred  it ;  jet  I  may  tmljr 
tav,  that  tbe  natural  tendency  of  my 
thoogbtt  and  #iibef  k  to  do  to,  and  to 
■bow  tbat  fratitude  to  Providence  fur 
my  own  tueorM,  wbicb  tbould  lead  me 
to  assist  otbera,  wbo  with  equal  talent, 
tbou)[b  In  other  dejpartments  of  art, 
have  been  less  fortunate  in  their  eareer." 
Whilst  quotinf  Sir  Thomas's  letters,  it 
may  be  notieed  tbat  his  hand-writing 
was  peculiarly  neat  and  elegant. 

We  have  now  shown,  at  some  length, 
the  many  exeelleneies  of  Sir  Thomas 
Lawrence's  iMrivate  character,  as  well  as 
tbe  tufMriority  of  bis  professional  ta- 
lenta.    His  mind,    indeed,   was  stored 
with  a  combinatiun  of  refined  and  grace- 
ful  qualities,  seldom  found  united  in  one 
person.    He  possessed  all  the  qualities  of 
a  perfect  gentleman ;  he  was  kind-heart- 
ed, liberal,  and  honourable.    Hit  appeaiw 
ance  was  attractive ;  bia  manners  bland 
Mnd  polite,  and  hit  countenance  more 
than  ordinarily  handsome.      It  bore  a 
strong  retemhlaoee  to  tbe  late  Mr.  Can- 
ning, with  this  difference,  that  tbe  ea- 
preuion  was  not,  perhaps,  so  highly  and 
perfectly  intellectual.     As  a  speaker  be 
was  clear,  free,  easy,  and  graceful,  at- 
tempting no  fiight  of  oratory,  but  always 
leaving  an  impreuion  of  great  neatness 
and  propriety. 

Tbat  Sir  Thomas  ever  indulged  in  a 
passion  for  play  is  a  calumny  which,  to 
those  who  knew  his  habita  and  feelings 
on  the  subject,  requires  no  refutation} 
at  the  same  time  it  will  not  excite  sur- 
prise, that  among  others  wbo  heard  of 
his  Urge  receipts,  and  were  aware  of 
his  occasional  embarrassments,  an  opi- 
nion should  be  unadvisedly  adopted, 
affording  a  ready  solution  to  tbe  ques- 
tion—what  became  of  his  money  i  His 
ardent  passion,  however,  for  the  fine 
arts  in  general,  and  especially  for  that 
branch  of  them  to  which  his  own  time 
was  more  particularly  devotcil,  caused 
him  to  expend  immense  turns  in  their 
encouragement,  and  in  the  purchase  of 
the  works  of  the  first  masters,  of  whose 
drawings  he  gradually  accumulated  his 
anri vailed  colleetioo.  Hit  benevolence 
towards  the  sons  of  genius.  Jets  favoured 
by  fortune,  was  alto  dealt  out  with  no 
stinted  allowance.  Numerous  instances 
of  this  we  could  adduce  and  substan- 
tiate, were  we  not  restrained  by  motives 
wbicb  roust  be  obvious ;  it  is,  however, 
gratifying  to  know,  that  since  his  de- 
cease, the  right  feelings  of  many  of  those 
who  profited  by  bis  kindness  have  over- 


come the  natural  ralttctanct  to  piibUfb 
their  obligationa. 

A  Life  of  Sir  Tbomaa  Lawreoee  It 
preparing  for  publication  by  Mr.  Camp* 
bell,  tbe  poet. 


[The  fkmerai  vf  Shr  Tktmm 
see  are  iatdmeed  te  deeeribe  mi  a 
wkai  ummntal  kngthf  firom  kmirimg 
beenfawmred  with  am  original  aeemmtj 
wUek  fwoy  he  eentkUred  at  aeemraie 
asiiie  mmaie.'] 

Soon  after  the  lamented  decease  •f 
Sir  Thomas  Lawrence,  the  Council  of 
the  Royal  Academy  signified  to  the  Ri- 
ecutor  their  wish  to  pay  every  possible 
mark  of  respect  towards  the  memory  of 
the  late  excellent  President,  by  the  at- 
tendance of  the  Members  of  the  Aetf- 
dcmy  at  his  funeral.  That  tbe  last  sad 
honours  should  be  observed  in  a  manner 
due  to  his  eminent  public  merits  and 
private  worth,  the  requisite  arrange* 
ments  were  made  for  the  interment  of 
his  remains  in  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  with 
the  same  public  ceremony  that  marked 
the  feelings  of  the  Academy  on  the  In- 
terment of  his  distinguished  predecessor 
Sir  Joshua  Reynolds. 

Accordingly,  on  the  evening  of  Wed- 
nesday, tbe  SOth  of  January,  tbe  body 
of  the  President  was  conveyed  from 
his  house  In  Rutsell-square,  (followed 
by  four  members  of  hit  familv  and 
the  Executor,  attended  by  an  old  and 
faithful  tervaot,)  Co  Somertet  House, 
where,  on  its  arrival  at  tbe  rooms  of  the 
Royal  Academy,  it  was  fceeived  by  the 
Council  and  oAcert  of  that  establish- 
ment, and  deposited  in  tbe  Model-foom, 
which  was  appropriated  for  its  recep- 
tion. Tbe  room  had  been  previently 
bung  with  black  cloth,  and  lighted  with 
large  wax  tapers  and  numeront  wax 
candles  dispersed  in  silvered  teoncet. 

At  the  bead  of  the  eoAn  wat  placed 
a  large  atchievement  *  of  tbe  armorial 

•  Argent,  a  cross  raguly  Gules*  Crest, 
a  demi-turbot  Proper.  Motto,  Loyal  an 
mort.  I  n  the  hatchment  in  Russell-squafe 
is  suspended  from  the  bottom  of  the 
shield,  on  tbe  dexter  side,  the  chain  and 
badge  of  the  President  of  the  Royal  Aca- 
demy s  on  the  sinister,  the  cross  of  the 
French  order  of  tbe  Legion  of  Honour. 
The  medal  and  chain  worn  by  Sir  Tho- 
mas Lawrence  as  President  of  tbe  Aca- 
demy was  presented  to  him  by  bit  pre- 
sent Majesty  as  an  especial  mark  of 
royal  favour,  and  be  was  tbe  first  Presi- 
dent upon  whom  the  distinction  was 
conferred.  As,  however,  it  was  in  the 
character  of  President  that  be  was  so 
honoured,  these  Insignia  have  been  re- 
turned into  tbe  royal  handt. 


fto. 


OdiTtiAEY. — Sir  Thonutt  Lawrence,  Pret.  R.A. 


[F*. 


beariogs  of  the  deceased,  and  the  pall 
over  the  ccrTiii  *  was  also  decorated  with 
silk  escutcheons  of  the  arms. 

The  Members  of  the  Council  and  the 
family  having  retired,  (he  body  lay  in 
state  all  night,  the  old  servant  of  the 
President  sitting  up  with  it,  at  his  own 
particular  request,  as  a  last  tribute  of 
duty  and  respect  to  a  kind  and  valued 
master. 

The  following  morninf:,  Thursday,  the 
21st,  being  appointed  for  the  coitvey- 
ance  of  the  remains  to  St.  Paul's,  the 
family  of  the  deceased  assembled  in  the 
Library  of  the  Royal  Academy  soon  afti^r 
ten  o'clock,  and  the  mourners  invited 
upon  the  occasion,  with  the  members  of 
the  Academy,  in  the  great  exhibition 
room. 

The  hearse,  mourning  coaches,  and 
carriages  of  the  Nobility  and  Gentry  oc- 
cupied the  great  square  of  Somerset- 
bouse.  By  half-past  twelve  Mr.  Thorn- 
ton, the  Undertaker,  had  completed  the 
various  arrangements,  when  the  exten- 
sive line  of  procession,  consisting  of 
forty-three  mourning  coaches  and  se- 
venty-two private  carriages,  besides  those 
of  the  Lorl  Mayor  (who  was  prevented, 
by  serious  indisposiiion,  from  attending 
in  person)  and  Sheriflf::,  moved  in  the 
following  order  :^ 

Four  Marshall's  men. 

Two  of  the  City  Marshalls  on  horseback. 

Carriage  of  the  Lord  Mayor. 

Carriage  of  Mr.  Sheriff  Ward. 

Carriage  of  Mr.  Sheriff  Richardson, 

The  Undertaker,  Mr.  Thornton,  jun.  on 

horseback. 
Four  Mutes,  followed  by  Six  Conductors, 

on  horseback. 
The  Lid   of  Feathers,  supported  by   a 

I'age  on  each  side. 

The  Hearse,  drawn  by  six  horses,  with 

five  Pages  on  each  side. 

The  eight  Pall-bearers  in  mourning 
roiiches — The  Earl  of  Aberdeen  ;  the 
Earl  of  Clanwilliam  ;  Earl  Gower ;  the 
Right  Hon.  Robert  Peel ;  Hon.  George 
Agar  Ellis ;  Right  Hon.  Sir  Geo.  Mur- 
ray, G.  C.  B. ;  Right  Hun.  John  Wilson 
Croker  ;  R.  Hart  Davis,  E«q.  M.  P.  for 
Bristol. 

Mourning  coache<*,  containing — Rev. 
Rowland  Bloxam,  chief  mourner}  ReV. 
Thus.   Lawrence    Bloxam ;    Mr.  Henry 

*  Inscription  on  the  cofii n- plate : — 
Sir  Thomas  Lawrence,  Knt.  LLD.  F.R.S. 

President 

of  the  Royal  Academy  of  Arts  in  London, 

Knight  of  the  Royal  French  Order 

of  I  he  Legion  of  Honour. 

Died  7th  January,  mdcccxxx. 

in  the  LXi.  year  of  his  age. 


Bloxam;  Rev.  Andrew  Bloxam;  Mr- 
Matthew  Bloxam  ;  Mr.  John  Ruutie 
Bloxam;  Mr.  John  Meredith  ;  Rev.  Du 
Bloxam ;  Mr.  John  Asron  ;  Rev.  Roger 
Bird;  Archibald  Keightley,  jun.  Es^. 
Executor;  the  Rector  of  St.  George, 
Bloonisbury  (Rev.  J.  Lonsdale)  j  tbe 
confidential  Servaitt  of  the  deceased. 

Officers  of  the  Royal  Academy— W. 
Hilton,  Esq.  Keeper ;  H.  Howard,  E^q. 
Secretary;  R.  Smirke,  Esq.  Jun.  Treft» 
surer;  Joseph  Hen.  Green,  Esq.  Pro- 
fessor of  Anatomy. 

Council  of  the  Academy— E.  H.  Baily» 
E<q.;  A.  Cooper,  Esq.;  W.  Collins,  Eic^-; 
J.  Constable,  E«q. ;  W.  Etty,  Esq.;  D. 
Wilkie,  Esq.;  J.  Ward,  Esq. 

Royal  Academicians---Sir  W.  Beechey  ; 
Martin  A.  Shee,  Esq.*;  J.  W.  Turner, 
Ekq. ;  Ch.  Rossi,  Esq. ;  Tbo.  Phillips, 
Esq. ;  A.  W.  Calcott,  Esq.  {  R.  Westma- 
cott,  E^q.;  H.  Bone,  Esq.;  W.  Mul- 
ready,  E^q.;  John  Jackson.  E>q. ;  Fra. 
Chantery,  Esq.;  R.  Cook,  E^q. ;  W.  Du^ 
niell,  Eiiq. ;  R.  R.  Reinagle,  £m|.  i  Sir 
Jeffery  Wyatville ;  C.  R.  Leslie,  Esq.; 
H.  W.  Pickersgill,  Esq. 

Associates — J.  Gandy,  Elsq.  \  A.  I. 
Oliver,  Esq. ;  G.  Arnold,  Esq. ;  CCIiut, 
Esq.;  J. J.Chalon,E<q.;  G.—> Newton, 
Esq.;  C.R.  Cockerell,  Esq. ;  Edwin  Land- 
seer,  Esq.;  J.  P.  Deering,  £<q.{  F* 
Danby,  Esq. ;  H.  P.  Briggf,  E<q. 

Associate  Engraven— John  Liindteer, 
W.  Bromley,  R.  J.  Lane,  C.  Turner. 

Students— G.  Patten,  W.  Pktten,  W. 
B.  Taylor,  Cafe,  Vulliamy,  J.  Webster, 
Ainslie,  \\,  Behnes,  W.  Bebnes,  Fair- 
land,  C.  Moore,  Andrews,  Hayter,  D* 
M*Cligp,  Kearney,  S.  C.  Smith,  Black- 
more,  Rouw,  Leigh,  Grant,  Redgrave, 
Hughes,  Pegler,  Solomon,  Wood,  Sass, 
Johnson,  Smith,  Mtddleton,  Brorkedon, 
Wright,  Boxall,  Carey,  Freebaim,  Rots, 
Mead,  Stothard,  Moore,  Cary,  Milling- 
ton,  Brooks,  Watson,  Panorme. 

Private  Mourners — ^The  Hun.  Charles 
Greville;  Sir  Robert  H.  Inglis;  Mjjor- 
Gen.  McDonald;  Col.  Hugh  Baillie; 
Washington  Irving,  Theodore  Irving, 
and  L.  Ramsey,  the  three  Secretaries  of 
the  .American  Embassy;  Horace  Twiss» 
Esq.  M.  P.;  John  Nasb,  Esq.;  Wn. 
Woodgate,  Esq. ;  Herman  S.  Wulff»Esq-, 
Cha.  Kemble,  Esq.;  Joseph  Gwilt,  Esq.) 
Tho.  Campbell,  Esq. ;  Archer  D.  Croft, 
£«q.;  Dr.  Sigmond  ;  Sir  A ntb.  Carlisle; 
Henry  Ellis  Esq.;  Rev.Josiab  Forsbslli 
Ed. Hawkins,  Esq.;  Geo.  Morant,Esq.| 
Tho.  Fullerton,  Esq.;  Tho.  Boddiagtom 
Esq.;    P.   Hardwickf,    Esq.;    Dedmus 

*  This  gentleman  has  been  since  elected 
to  succeed  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence  in  the 
Chair  of  the  Royal  Academy,  aud  ap- 
proved of  by  the  King. 


1890.]        OBiTUAtY«— Sir  Thowuu  iMwmut,  Pra.  R*  A. 

Burton,  E«q.i  John  Knowlet,  £sq«t  J« 
W.  Scivier,  Esq.;  R.  Evani,  Efq.;  Cbn. 
I>«nham,  E«q. ;  S.  Woodburn,  £Uq.  ; 
Mr.  Moon;  John  F.  Reeve,  E«q.s  G. 
Simpson,  Esq.;  J.  Simpson,  Esq. |  G. 
R.  Ward,  Esq. ;  John  Irwine,  Esq.  \  Mr. 
F.CLewis}  Mr.  Hoieartb  ;  £.  HulmaOy 
Esq.;  Tho.Robson,  Esq.;  W.Y.Oulej, 
Esq.  i  Warucr  Otiley.  Esq. 

The  Officers,  &c.  of  the  Society  of 
Painters  in  Water-ettlours — Mr.  George 
Barrett,  Cba.  Wild,  R.  HilU,  P.  Dewint, 
G.  F.  Robson,  J.  Varley,  F.Nasb,  A. 
PuKin,  F.  Mackensie,  F.  O.  Finch,  W. 
Nesa«rld,  S.  Prout. 

The  Society  of  British  Artists — Meu. 
Davis,  Hulmef,  Dawe,  Hufland. 

The  Society  of  the  Artists'  General 
BenevoUot  Institution — Messrs.  Davi- 
son, Curbould,  Stan  field,  Robertson, 
Roper,  Davis,  Lahre,  Tyou. 

Carriages  of  the  Nubility  and  Gentry, 
following  after  the  carriage  of  Sir  Tho. 
Lawrence:— 

Carriages  of  the  Pall-bearers— Earls 
of  Aberdeen,  CUnwilliam,  and  Gower; 
Right  Hon.  R.  Peel ;  Hon.  George  Agar 
Ellis  ;  Right  Hon.  Sir  Geo.  Murray ; 
Rt.  Hon.  J.  W.  Croker  \  and  Rich.  Hart 
DavU,  Esq.  M.  P. 

Carriages  of— The  Lord  Chancellor; 
Dukes  of  St.  Albaii*s,  Bedford,  Devon- 
shire, Wellington;   Marquises  of  Staf- 
ford,   Londonderry,    Bristol ;    Earl    of 
Esses  I    Cuunteu  of  Guildford ;    Earls 
Spencer,    Bathurst,   Listowel,  Rosslyn, 
Cbarleville,  Dudley,  and  Mountcharles; 
Viscounts  Granville,  Beretford,  and  Go- 
dericb  ;  Bishop  of  London )  Lords  Hol- 
land, Hill,  Stowell,Beiley,Famborougb, 
aod  Seaford ;  Prince  Esterhasy ;  Barou 
Bulow  \    the    American    Ambassador  ; 
Sir  Henry  Hardinge,  M.  P. ;  Sir  Abra- 
ham Hume;  Sir  Rob.  H.  Inglis,  M.P.) 
Sir  Henry  Halford  ;  Sir  Charles  Flower; 
Right  Hon.  Sir  John   Beckett,   M.P.; 
Sir  W.  Kuighton;  Sir  Ed m.  Antrobus; 
Sir  Astlt-y  Cooper;  Sir  Coutts  Trotter, 
and  SirFra.  Frerlin^,  Barts.— Sir  James 
Endaile,  and  Sir  JrflTrey  Wyatville,  Knts. 
J.Planta,E^q.M.P.;  —Fuller,  Esq.;  T. 
Hope,  Esq. ;  Carrick  Moore,  Esq, ;  — 
Lyon,  Esq. ;  C  Kern  Lie,  Esq. ;  —  Fair- 
lie,    Esq. ;    MaJor>Genenil   M'Donald  ; 
Colonel  Hugh  Baillie;  Messrs.  Smirke, 
Chsntery,  Wllkins,  Grt- en,  Nash,  Soane, 
Dunlop,  Boddiugton,  Fullerti>n,  T.  Bar- 
ber  Beaumont}  Dr.  Sigmond,  and  Dr. 
Holland. 

The  hear»a  arrived  at  the  great  west 
door  of  St.  PaoPs  about  a  quarter  before 
two,  and  about  half  past  two  the  body 
reached  the  cboir,  preceded  by  the  dig- 
nitaries of  the  church,  and  the  members 
uf  the  choir,  singing  the  sentences  at  the 
commcocemeni  uf  the  burial  srvice  to 


IHT 


the  solemn  and  affecting  music  of  Crofc. 
The  body  being  placed  on  tressells,  the 
chief  mounter  was  seated  iit  a  chair  at 
the  bead  of  the  coffin,  attended  by  the 
old  servant  of  the  deceased.  The  mourn- 
ers being  also  seated,  on  either  side  of  the 
Choir,  the  funeral  service  proceeded,  the 
proper  portions  being  cbaunted.    The 
lesson  was  read  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Hughes, 
the  Canon  Residentiary,  whose  feelings 
were  more  than  once  so  overpowered  as 
to    prevent   his    proceeding  without   a 
pause.*     Green's  fine  anthem,  **Lord, 
let  me  know  mine  end  !*'  was  sung  by 
the  choir,  accompanied  hy  the  organ, 
after  which  the  body  was  removed  into 
the  crypt,  and  placed  under  the  centre 
of  the  dome,  when  the  mourners  being 
summoned,  and  preceded  by  the  clergy 
and  choir,  went  in   procession   to   the 
centre,  and  turning  to  the  righ^ formed 
a  large  circle,  which  during  the  time  the 
music  continued,  fell  into  a  double  line 
round  the  perforated  brass  plate,  where 
the  remainder  of  the  service  was  read  by 
the  Bishop  of   Llandaff,   Dean  of   Su 
Paufs,  in  a  most  impressive  manner. 
The  whole  concluding  with  part  of  Han- 
del's matchless  Funeral  Anthem,  *< Their 
bodies  are  buried  in  peace."    Here  the 
voices  of  the  young  choristers,  strength- 
ened  by  the  addition  of  the  children 
from  the  Chapel  Royal,  produced  a  de- 
lightful effect.    After  the  pathetic  and 
solemn,   though   somewhat  lengthened 
and  monotonous  effect  of  the  mournful 
strains    which     had    preceded    it,    the 
words  <'but  their  name  liveth  evermore,'* 
cheered  the  senses,  and  produced  feel- 
ings the  more  pleasing  from  being  unex- 
pected. 

The  ceremony  having  concluded,  the 
mourners  retunied  to  their  carriages. 
The  executor  and  some  of  the  family 
of  the  deceased  went  down  to  the 
crypt  and  saw  the  body  deposited  in 
the  grave  prepared  for  it,  at  the  head  of 
the  late  President  West,  and  not  far 
from  the  remains  of  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds. 
The  solemnity  and  decorum  which  pre- 
vailed throughout  the  whole  proceedings 
upon  this  melancholy  occasion,  has  been 
a  subject  of  general  remark  and  appro- 
bation. 

By  the  order  of  Mr.  Secretary  Peel  a 
strung  force  of  the  Metropolitan  Police 
under  the  direction  of  Mr.  Thomu,  at- 
tended and  preserved  order  ibroughooi 
the  line  of  route,  from  Somerset- Hous« 
to  Temple- Bar,  and  in  consequence  of 
orders  issued  by  the  Lord  Mayor,  the 
City  Police  had  kept  the  whole  line  of 
Fteet-street  free  from  the  intermptioo 

*  Dr.  Hughes  was  an  old  and  intiiaate 
friend  of  Sir  T.  Lawrence. 


183 


OBiTVkur. '^George  Dawes  Esq.  R.A. 


[FA. 


of  carriages  from  an  early  hoar  in  the 
morning,  by  which  meant  the  mournfal 
cavalcade     preserved    due     order,    and 
reached  the  church  wKhout  a  tingle  in- 
terruption or  break  of  itt  extensive  line. 
The   shop  wiiidowt   were   every   where 
closed.    The  streets  were  crowded  t  in- 
deed, the  Strand  and  Fleet-ttreet  may 
be  said  to  have  been  lined  on  both  sides 
by  the  people,  who  preserved  the  most 
respectful  order  ;    and  the  windows  of 
the  houses  in  the  route  of  the  proces- 
sion  were   filled   with   spectators,    who 
witnessed  opon  this  occasion  the  just 
tribute  paid  to  distinguished  merit  in 
perhaps  one  of  the  most  extensive  atten- 
dances of  persons  that  has  been  paid  to 
the  memory  of  the  dead  since  the  public 
funerals  of  Nelson  and  Pitt.     No  acci- 
dent happened,  nor  did  any  untoward 
event  arise  to  interrupt  the  decorum 
and  order  of  the  scene.    Much  praise  is 
undout>tedly  due  to  the  very  excellent 
and  effective  arrangements  of  Messrs. 
Thornton  and   Son,  under  whose  sole 
control  and  direction  the  funeral  was 
condaeted. 


George  Dawb,  Esq.  R.A. 

Oct,  15.  At  the  house  of  his  brother. 
Sn-law,  Thomas  Wight,  Esq.  in  Kentish- 
Town,  George  Dawe,  Esq.  R.  A.  Mem- 
ber of  the  Imperial  and  Royal  Academies 
of  Arts  at  St.  Petersburg,  Stockholm, 
Florence,  &c. ,  First  Painter  to  his  Im> 
perial  Majesty  the  Emperor  of  all  the 
Russias,  &c. 

Mr.  Dawe  was  the  author  of  **  The 
Life  of  George  Morland,  with  Remarks 
on  his  Works  1807/'  8vo.  In  this  work 
(of  which  a  critique  will  be  seen  in  the 
Monthly  Review,  N.  S.  Ivi.  357^370)  he 
states  that  his  father,  Mr.  Philip  Dawe, 
was  articled  to  Morland's  father,  who 
was  a  painter  in  crayons.  We  believe 
the  elder  Dawe  was  afterwards  an  engra- 
ver in  mezzotinto,  employed  by  Bowles, 
of  St.  Paul's  Cburch>yard,  &c. 

From  1809  to  1818,  Mr.  Geo.  Dawe  was 
a  constant  exbibiter  at  Somerset  Huuse, 
of  many  portraits  and  a  few  historical 
subjects.  Among  the  portraits  were  Dr. 
Parr,  Lord  Eardley,  the  Hon.  S.E.  Eard- 
ley.  Prince  and  Princess  of  Saxe  Cobourg, 
the  Archbishop  of  Tuam,  Bishop  ol  Sa- 
lisbury, &c.  &c.  Among  the  historical 
subjects  were,  Andromache  imploring 
Ulysses  to  spare  the  life  of  her  son;  Ge« 
uevive,  from  a  poem  by  T.  Coleridge, 
Esq. ;  a  Child  rescued  by  its  mother  frum 
an  Eagle's  nest ;  and  a  Demoniac,  which 
be  afterwards  sent  as  a  presentation,  and 
it  now  adorns  the  CounciURoom  of  the 
Royal  Academy.  He  was  elected  an  As- 
socinte  in  1809|  and  a  Royal  Academi- 
cian in  1814. 


In  the  year  1816  he  painted  aUm 
whole-length  picture  of  Miss  O'NelllyTn 
the  character  of  Juliet,  which  «m  ex- 
hibited by  lamp-light,  in  order  that  it 
might  be  viewed  under  the  sane  elir- 
cumstances  as  the  original  was  teen  on 
the  stage.  This  portrait  was  eagvaved 
in  meaaotinto  by  Mr.  G.  Male. 

Mr.  Dawe  has  for  the  last  few  yaart 
entirely  practised  hit  art  upon  the  con- 
tinent,  particularly  at  St.  Petersburg, 
where  his  talents  were  held  in  the  high- 
est estimation  by  the  Imperial  Family. 
He  had  arrived  in  England  only  about  six 
weeks  before  his  death ;  at  which  tine 
the  following  paragraph  appeared  in  the 
newspapers  t  "  Mr.  G.  Dawe,  R.  A.,' who 
has  recently  arrived  in  this  country  from 
Warsaw,  where  he  had  been  engaged  in 
painting  the  Emperor  and  Emprest  of 
Russia  as  King  and  Queen  of  Poland. 
and  also  the  Grand  Doke  Conetantinc, 
went  to  the  Royal  Lodge,  in  Windsor- 
park,   on  Sunday,  by  command  of  the 
King,  for  the  purpose   of  showing  his 
Majesty  portraits  of  the  King  of  Prusiia, 
the  Duke  of  Cumberland,    and  other 
works  executed  since  hit  lastTlsit^otbk 
country.      His  Majesty  was  gmeloutty 
pleased  to  express   bis   approbation  of 
tbem,    and    honoured  Mr.  Dawe  with 
some  flattering  commissions." 

It  has  been  stated  that  Mr.  Dawe 
realised  100,000/.  by  painting  the  prin- 
cipal Sovereigns  of  Europe. 

At  the  time  of  his  arrival,  be  was  In 
an  ill  state  of  health  from  a  diieaie  of 
the  lungs.  His  remains  were  interred 
In  St.  Paul's  Cathedral,  attended  by  ^ 
long  cortege  of  artists  and  IKeranr  meni 
the  Russian  Ambassador  and  SlrTbom^ 
Lawrence  (the  latter  of  whom  was  ao 
soon  after  .to  be  borne  to  tiie  same  spot) 
acting  as  pall-bearen. 


Mrs.  FitsGehald. 

Jan,  11.  At  her  house,  St.  James*s- 
square,  Bath,  deeply  and  deservedly  la- 
menied  by  her  family  and  friends,  aged 
82,  Mary,  widow  of  the  Right  Hon.  €2ol. 
Richard  FitzGeraUl,  of  the  Queen's  Co.. 
M.P. 

Mrs.  FitzGerald  was  daughter  and  co- 
heir of  Fairfax  Mercer,  E^.  of  Dublin, 

by ,  daughter  and  heir  of  William 

M'Causland,  Esq.  of  Dublin.  Fairfax 
Mercer  was  son  of  William  Mercer,  Eaq. 
of  Dundalk,  by  Anue-Sarab,  daugbcer 
of  John  Baillie,  of  Inishargie,  co.  Down, 
Esq.  M.  P.  From  a  pedigree  in  Uisier't 
oflSce,  it  appears  that  the  issue  of  the 
said  William  Mercer,  by  his  wife  Anne- 
Sarah  Baillie,  was  Fairfax  Mercer,  aa 
above,  and  two  daughters,  Dorothy,  tba 
youngest,  wife  of  Ross  Moore,  Esq.  Pro- 


1830.]   .  OBVTVAmrr^Mn,  BUQtrald^^.  Wa^mi.  ILD. 


189 


pri«lor  of  x\m  borough  of  CarUn^ord, 
beforeikcUnkmiMidAlieU,  bom  1791« 
wife,  first,  of  Bcfijamifi  Honf,  Eiq.  ((o 
wboiB  tbo  was  aMrrivdy  Jyne  I,  1741), 
luida  stcondly,  of  8tc|>brB  Catsan,  £tq. 
of  SbeAeld,  Queen's  County,  Barritur 
at   law   of   LiiicolH't   liHi,  1750*    Hifb 
Sherif  of  Quei*n't  County  in  1763,  died 
April  <?9,  1773,  (will  pruved  Dec.    10, 
fullowinfc,  ill  virtue  uf  a  comaiitsioo  of 
the  Hig;h  Court  of  Cbanrery  in  Ireland,) 
•Iticat  ion  at>d  beir  of  Matthew  Cataan, 
E«q.  of  SbffBeld,  Barrister  at  law,  who 
was  ton  and  beir  of  Stephen  Caatan,  Esq. 
<»f  tbo  saaie   pUnce,  who   died    1750-1, 
afped  OO    (admin  i<t  rat  ion  granted  from 
the  Prorofative  Court  of  Irelaud,  May 
5,  175S).     Mrs.  Cassan,  furmeriy  Alicia 
Mereer,  aunt  of  Mrs.  FitsGerald,  died 
Fob.  6,  1789,  aged  68,  tearing  issue  two 
cons  and  one  daughter,  Alicia,  bom  Nor. 
90,  1755,  married  the  Rev.  Geo.  Howte, 
Rector   of  liichy    co.  Wexford    (%un  uf 
C^urge  Archdeacon  of  Dromore)  ;  Mrs. 
Howse  died  llf^,  learing,  among  other 
issue,  Alicia   Hnw%e,  mrife   of  the  Rer. 
Peter  Browne,  Dran  of  Ferns,  half-bro- 
ther of  the  Iste  M^irquess  uf  Sligo.     Of 
the  sons,  I.  Matthew  Castan,  Esq.   of 
Sheffield,  born  Oct.  18,  1754,  was  Gen- 
tleman  Commoner  uf   Eieter  College, 
Oxford,  Nur.  I,  I77d,   High  Sheriff  of 
Queen's  County  in  1783,  and  an  acting 
magistrate  for  the  same,  (liring  1830,) 
married,   first.    May   18,   1776,   Sarah, 
daughter  of  Cot.  Forde,  of  Seaforde,  co. 
Down;    and,  secondly,  Sept.   15,  ]8I9» 
Catherine,  daughter  of  John  Head,  of 
Ashley,  co.  Tipperary,  Esq.  by  Phcsbe 
his   wife,  sixth   and  >oungest  sister  of 
John  Toler  Earl  of  Norbury,  tate  Lord 
Chief  Justice  of  the  Court  of  Common 
Pleas  in  Ireland.     8.  Stephen  Cassan, 
bora  Jan.  9,  I757»  of  Trinity  College, 
Dnblin,  Nor.  ],  1773;  Barrister  at  law 
of  the  Middle  Temple,  Nuv.  15,  1781; 
died  January  26,  1794  (administration 
granted   in   the   Prerogatire   Court    of 
Canterbury,  March   18,  1795),  married 
March  4,  1 7 86,  Sarah,  only   daughter 
and  beir  of  Charles  Mears,  Esq.  a  Bro- 
ther of  the  Trinity  House,  and  bad  iaeue 
the  Rer.  Stephen  Hyde  Cassan,  M.  A. 
F.  S.  A.  of  Mere  Vicarage,  Wilts,  born 
at  Calcutta,  Oct.  37»  I789»  married  at 
Frome,  co.  Somcrtety   Dec.   27 1   1880, 
Fanny,  third  daughter  of  the  Ute  Rer. 
William  Ireland,  M.A.  Vicar  of  Frume, 
and  an  acting  Magistrate  for  the  county 
of  Somerset,  and  has  issue.    See  IVdi- 
gree  of  Cassan,  Heralds*  College,  13.D. 
14.  fo.  181. 

Mrs.  FitiGerald  was  the  secoi.d  wife 
ol   the  Colonel.*     She   was  mother  of 


Gmrald  FitiGerald,  Em|.  of  St.  James'f 
square,  Bath,  and  ihree  daiightart:  of 
tha  latter,  Margaret,  is  the  widow  of  thm 
Hon.  John  Jocelyo,  fourth  ton  of  tlit 
first  Earl  of  Roden,  and  b«s  a  daughter, 
Ann  Chariotte»  married  io  1880,  to  Ro- 
bert Bourke,  Esq.  eldest  son  of  tbe  Hon. 
Richard  Bourke,  Lord  Bishop  oJfWator- 
ford»  who  is  brother  and  beir  protump* 
tive  to  ih«  Earl  of  Mayo. 


Joseph  Watson,  LL.D. 

Nov.  23.  At  the  Deaf  and  Dumb 
Asylum,  in  the  Kent  Road,  aged  64, 
Joseph  Watson,  LL.D.  Teacher  of  thu 
•siablishroent. 

Dr.  Watson  acquired  his  skill  in  the 
tuition  of  deaf  and  dumb  at  the  private 
academy  kept  for  that  purpose  at  Hack- 
ney by  Mr.  Thomas  Braidwood.  **  It 
was  here,*' he  says,  «<  in  tbe  year  1784, 
that  my  reso1uti(»ii  was  finalfy  taken,  to 
embrace  the  instruction  of  the  deaf  and 
dumb  as  a  profession."  He  assisted  by 
bis  counsel  and  adrice  in  forming  tbe 
London  Asylum, f  and  superintended  the 
instruction  of  all  the  pupils  admitted 
from  its  commencement,  in  1798.  During 
this  long  period  of  thirty-seren  years  ho 
exerted  an  underiating  attention  and 
lodiclout  energy,  in  the  arduous  task  of 
successfully  instructing  the  objects  of  bis 
care,  and  leading  them  to  an  acquain- 
tance with  written  language;  through 
which  they  have  been  conducted  to  aQ 
the  arts  of  common  life  and  to  tbe  hopes 
afforded  by  Christian  revelation.  The 
cliildren  trained  under  the  doctor's  care 
preserved  a  high  degree  of  affection  to- 
wards him  through  life,  and  he  lived  to 
witness  a  great  number  of  his  scholars 
providing  for  themselves  and  families 
with  comfort  and  respectability.  One 
of  the  most  striking  instanoes  of  bis 
successful  exertions  occurred  a  few  digrs 
after  his  lamented  decease,  in  the  cii^ 
cumstance  of  one  of  his  private  pupils 
being  called  to  the  bar,  by  the  Honour- 
able Society  of  the  Middle  Temple. 
Nothing  can  more  strongly  point  out 
the  benefits  which  have  resulted  fnm 


*  His   first  wu  the  Hon.  Margaret 


King,  only  child  and  heir  of  JaoMS 
fourth  Lord  Kinpton,  and  by  her  he 
had  issue  an  only  daughter,  Caroline, 
who  married  her  cousin  Robert^  second 
Earl  uf  Kingston.  She  died,  1883,  leav- 
ing issue  the  present  Earl  of  Kingston, 
the  Lord  Viscount  Lortoii,  the  CouAteas 
of  Mount-Casbel,  and  other  issue. 

f  See  tbe  memoir  of  the  Rev.  John 
Townsend,  one  of  the  founders,  in  our 
vol.  xcvi  i.  878i  and  a  full  account  of 
tbe  Asylum,  accompanied  by  a  view  of 
tbe  building,  in  vol.  xcii.  i.  305. 


Id4      OBiTVAiELY.—Rev.  Walter  BWch.^Mr.  Lilly  Wigg,  P.L.S.    [  [Feb. 

the  Parish  Church  of  Trowbridge,  WHtehira, 
on  the  95  th  day  of  Octobier,  printed  at  ihm 
request  of  the  Congregation ;"  in  1810, 
without  hit  name,  "  Verset  spoken  aC  iba 
Encseoia,  by  Mr.  Smith,  Demy  of  Magdalen 
College,  Oxford;"  inl8l6,  •*  ChrisHtmiiy 
literal  according  to  the  genuine  itndfuU  tm^ 
port  of  the  term,  a  Sermon,  pleached  at  the 
Visitation  of  the  Archdeacon  of  Wihs,  hbl- 
den  at  Marlborough,  July  £8,  publbbed  at 
the  request  of  the  Clergy  present;"  and  in 
1818,  **  A  Sermon  on  the  prevalence  of 
infidelity  and  enthusiasm,  preached  in  the 
Parish  Church  of  St.  Peter,  Colcheetar, 
July  98,  at  the  Visitation  of  the  Bbhop  of 
London,  published  by  command  of  the 
Bishop  and  at  the  request  of  the  Qeisy.'* 

He  married  Elizabeth,  eldeat  dangttter  of 
Nathaniel  Dimock,  of  Stonehouse,  inOleu- 
cestershire,  by  whom  lie  has  left  fonr 
and  two  daughters. 


Dr.  Watson's  peculiar  talents,  than  this 
singular  and  interesting  fact,  which  pre- 
sents the  first  instance  on  record  of  a 
Barrister  being  deaf  and  dumb.  . 

Dr.  Watson  published  an  account  of 
his  system  in  two  volumes  8vo.  1809» 
under  the  title  of  **  Instruction  of  the 
Deaf  and  Dumb,  or  a  View  of  the  means 
by  which  they  are  taught  to  understand 
and  speak  a  Language."  (See  our  vol. 
Ixxx.  ii.  635)  His  remains  were  interred 
at  BeroMndsey. 


Rev.  Walter  Birch,  B.D. 
Dec.  8.  Aged  65,  the  Rev.  Walter  Birch, 
B.  D.  Rector  of  Stanway,  Essex,  and  Vicar 
of  Stanton  Bernard,  Wilts. 

He  was  the  third  son  of  the  Rev.  Tho. 
Birch,Rector  of  South  Thoresby ,  co.Lincoln , 
(by  Mary,    only  daughter  of  Mr.  Edward 
Wright,  of  Algarkirk,  in  the  same  county,) 
who,  on  the  slender  means,  which  usually 
&11  to  the  share  of  our  parochial  clergy, 
brought  up  a  family,  consisting  of  eight  sons 
and  two  daughters,  in  such  a  manner  as  to 
render  them  useful  and  respectable  mem- 
bers of  society.     After  a  competent  prepa- 
ration at  home,  he  received  his  education  at 
Rugby  school,  under  Dr.  James,  by  whose 
excellent  method  of  instruction,    together 
with  the  valuable  friendship  of  the  Assistant 
Master,  Mr.  George  Innes  fnow  Master  of 
the  King's  School,  Warwick),  he  improved 
his  naturally  coud  talents  very  highly.     He 
was  distinguished  at  school  for  humane  feel- 
ings and  great  simplicity,  united  with  con- 
siderable   energy     of    character,    qualities 
which  he  retained  unimpaired  to  the  end  of 
life.     At  Oxford,  as  a  Demy  and  Fellow  of 
Msgdalen  College,  where  he  proceeded  M.A. 
1798,   B.D.    1805,   he  was   respected  by 
many  good  and  literary  men,  not  only  for 
these  virtues,  but  for  the  purity  of  his  man- 
ners, and  for  his  classical  taste  and  acquire- 
ments.    Having  been  appointed  tutor  to  the 
present  Earl  of  Pembroke,  who  was  then  at 
Harrow  School,  and  whom  he  accompanied 
to  Oxford,  he  was  presented  by  the  late  Earl, 
in  1813,  to  the  Rectory  of  Sunton  Bernard 
in  Wituhire.     Afterwards,  in  1817,  he  also 
took  a  valuable  College  liviug,  Stanway,  in 
Essex. 

As  a  Christian,  those  who  knew  him  best 
will  acknowledge  that  none  C(»uld  better  de- 
serve the  encomium  of  l>eing  *'  an  Israelite 
indeed,  in  whom  there  was  no  guile."  As 
a  clergyman,  he  was  firmly  attached  to  our 
National  Church,  but  without  any  bitter- 
ness towards  those  tl^t  differed  from  it.  As 
a  scholar,  he  was  remarkable  for  that  keen 
perception  of  the  highest  beauties  in  the  an- 
cient writers,  which  it  is  the  lot  of  so  few 
to  attain.  With  these  endowments,  it  is  to 
be  regretted  that  we  can  enumerate  no  more 
than  the  following  writings  which  he  pub- 
lished: in  1809,  "  A  Sermon,  preached  in 


Mr.  Lilly  Wioo,  F.  L.S. 

March  39,  1838.  At  Great  YamMmth, 
in  his  80th  year,  Mr.  Lilly  Wigg,  F.L.S. 
a  man  of  no  ordinary  talents  and  aoquure- 
ments,  nor  so  entirely  unknown  to  fiune 
that  his  death  deserved  to  have  passed  thna 
long  unrecorded. 

He  was  a  native  of  Smallbofgh,  in  Nor- 
folk, where  he  was  bom  on  Christmas  day, 
1749.    His  father,  poor  bat  respectable^ 
was  a  shoemaker,  and  brought  op  his  bod  for 
the  same  trade ;  but  the  young  man  left  it 
before  he  was  twentv  years  ok^  and  havai^ 
received  a  respectable  village  education,  and 
being  always  fond   of  books,  removed  to 
Yarmouth,    and  established  himself   aa  a 
schoolmaster.     In  this  situation,  more  coo- 
i^enial  to  his  inclination,  but  very  little  pra- 
^table  to  his  pocket,  he  continned  tall  the 
year  1801,  when  he  was  pennaded  to  re- 
linquish it  for  the  place  of  a  cleric  in  the 
Bank  of  Gurneys  and  Turner,  and  theie  he 
remained  so  long  as  he  lived.    Mr.  Tiamtr 
and  he  had  been  brought  together  aome 
years  previously  by  their  mutual  taste  lor 
botany;  the  same  cause  had  before  that 
time  procured  Mr.  Wigg  the  acqnalntanee 
of  Dr.  Aikin,  long  a  resident  in  Yarmouth, 
of  the  Hon.  T.  Wenman,  of  Mr.  Woodward, 
of  Dr.  Smith,  of  the  Rev.  Norton  NichoHs, 
and  of  many  other  gentlemen  of  similar  pur- 
suits, who  were  in  the  habit  of  visiting  the 
town.   At  wluit  period  nf  his  life  Mr.  Wigg'a 
attachment  to  boUny  first  manifested  itaclf 
is  not  known ;  but  it  is  believed  that  it  traa 
very  early ;  and,  so  long  as  he  had  beakh 
and  strength,  few  men  pursued  the  study 
with  more  cnerg}',  or,  as  fir  as  hb  limited 
means  would  allow,  with  more  success.   The 
neighbonrhood  of  Yarmouth  was  necessarily 
his  great  field  of  action ;  and  this  he  insea- 
tigated  with  uncommon  care,  and  made  in  it 
more  than  one  addition  to  the  list  nf  Britia 
flowering  plants,  besides  many  among  th 


1S30.]         Obituary.— iWr.  L.  mgg.^PV.  Eyion  Tooke,  Esq. 


1S5 


tem  weedBy  to  which  for  •  coottderable  part 
(if  liis  life  he  paid  the  cloeett  attentloo.  Hit 
cullection  of  them  wee  rich,  ttid  showed 
grret  care  iu  tke  lelectioo  aod  enquisite 
Dcatnett  io  the  dnpUy  of  the  tpeclneni. 

The  Mme  properties  were  chancteristie  of 
all  be  did.     lie  was  siogularlj  laborious  and 
•iDgularly  exact ;  neat  and  clean  in  his  mind 
and  person;  fcnipuloosly   honest  In   word 
and  deed ;  modest,  retiring,  and  diffident, 
in  the   extreme;  but,  when   stimulated  to 
action,  uniiAuncedlj  and  UDwearie<ily  perti* 
nsciout  in  his  defence  of  wlut  be  l>rlicved  to 
he  ri^fit.     In  politics  he  was  a  republican  ; 
in  religion  a  Baptist ;  bat,  from  private  rea- 
sons, he,  for  more  thin  thirty  years  of  his 
life,  frequented  no  place  of  worship.     His 
i>rejutiices  aga'nst  the  Catholics  were  pecu- 
liarly stronc ;  they  were  what  he  had  im- 
bibed with  nis  mother's  milk,  and  were  what, 
at  Uie  period  of  his  birth,  were  entertained 
by  a  considerable  pttrtion  of  the  community, 
who  remembered  with  infinite  gratitude  the 
Kcvuluiion  uf  16B9,  and  with  corresponding 
horror  the  narrow  escape  which  the  kingdom 
had  fct  that  time  from  ropery.     Occupied  as 
was  his  time,  and  small  as  were  his  resources, 
Mr.  Wigg,  nevertheless,  by   dint  of  great 
industry,  acquired  a  competent  knowledge 
of  Latin,  and  made  himself,  to  a  certain  de- 
gree, acquainted  with  the  French  and  Greek : 
what  is  less  to  1>e  wondered  at,  with  the 
higher  branches  of  arithmetic  he  was  rerv 
conversant  I  and  his  hand- writing  was  of  such 
beauty  that  it  might  easily  be  mistaken  for 
copfierpUte.     About  the  year  1 800  the  Li- 
nean  Society  elected  him  into  the  number  of 
its  asMiciates ;  and  nearly  at  the  same  time 
lie  was  gratified  by  ooe  of  the  new  fuci,  that 
he  had  discovered,  being  called  after   hia 
uame,  and  published  so  in  the  Transactions 
of  the  same  Society,    lliese  were  a!l  the 
honors  he  ever  received  from  his  love  for 
science ;    except  being   occasionallv   men- 
tioned, and  always  with  respect,  in  tne  pnb- 
licatioot  of  Sir  James  Smith,  and  in  Mr. 
Woodward's,  and  Mr.  Turner's.     Botany, 
however,  though  his  favourite  department 
in  Natural  History,  was  far  from  being  the 
only  one  he  cultivated;  be  also  bestowed 
considerable  atteotioa  upon  the  birds  and 
fishes  of  the  coast  and  neighbourhood  of  his 
residence  ;  and,  aa  the  investigation  of  the 
productions  v^  the  divine   hand  constituted 
the  great  source  of  his  tojoymeot,  he  left 
no  portion  of  the  field  of  nature  untrodden. 
As  an  author  he  never  appeared  before  the 
public;  but  it  was  hit  inteation  to   have 
done  io ;  and,  with  this  view,  he  had  de- 
voted the  priodpal  part  of  the  leisure  of 
nearly  twenty  yean  of  h'tt  lifii  to  collecting 
materials  for  a  history  nf  esculent  plants. 
Deatli,  however,  overtook  him  iu  the  midst 
ij4  hit  pursuits ;  his  hunp,  afker  maintaining 
a  regular  and  almost  naioterrupced  fiame  for 
GcnT.  Mao.  FH/nmiyt  19M0. 

12 


the  spac«  of  mors  than  seventy- nine  years, 
was  gradualhr  and  gtntly  estingnithed  by 
the  pressure  of  a  raw  days ;  and  tlit  great 
mass  he  had  laboriously  got  together  re- 
mains in  a  rude  and  undigested  state,  equally 
useless  to  perpetuate  his  own  name,  to  in- 
struct the  worid,  or  to  benefit  those  for 
whose  assistance  be  had  principally  Intended 
it.  Thus,  always  accumulating  and  never 
arranging,  though  continually  intending  to 
do  so,  he  has  afforded  another  sad  exam|de, 
at  once  of  the  folly  of  procrastination,  under 
the  belief  that  death  is  never  near,  and  of 
the  importance  to  every  man  to  finish  his 
own  work;  sure  that  his  mental  labours, 
like  his  bodv,  deprived  of  the  particle  of 
divine  breath,  which  equally  gave  life  to 
both,  will  otherwise,  like  it,  only  be  doomed 
to  neglect,  corru{)tion,  and  forgetfiiloess. 


W.  Eyton  Tookb,  Esq. 

Jan.  37.  At  his  father's  in  Richmond 
Terrace,  on  his  24  th  birth-day,  William 
Eyton  Tooke,  Esq.  B.  A. 

This  much  lamented  young  gentleman  was 
the  eldest  son  of  Tho.  Tooke,  Esq.  F.R.S. 
the  eminent  Russ'an  merchant,  the  well- 
known  author  of  several  standard  essays  on 
trade  and  political  economy ;  and  graodsoo 
of  the  Rev.  Wm.  Tooke,  F.R.S.  author  of 
«  The  Life  of  Catherine  H."  and  of  other 
popular  pnblicaticms  relating  to  Russia,  and 
also  of  several  valuable  Works  io  Theology 
and  general  Literature. 

Mr.  W.  Evton  Tooke  was  educated  at 
Westminster  School,  and  finished  his  stu- 
dies at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  where 
he  soon  so  greatly  distinguished  himself  by 
the  depth  and  extent  of  his  inquiries  into 
the  several  branches  of  Moral  and  Political 
Philosophy,  and  by  the  acute  and  able  ex- 
pression of  his  sentiments  on  those  subjects^ 
that  he  was  elected  President  of  the  union 
Society,  an  Institution  for  inquiry  and  de- 
bate, consisting  of  a  numerous  and  highly- 
gifted  portion  of  the  Students  of  the  iJnt- 
versity.  He  quitted  Cambridge  on  obtain- 
ing his  degree  of  Bachelor  of  Arts,  and,  by 
his  own  free  choice,  entered  io  the  mercan- 
tile establishment  of  his  &ther;  still  de- 
voting his  unremitting  attention  to  the  same 
studies,  into  connexion  with  the  great  topics 
of  commercial  policy  in  which  hie  was  now 
more  immediatelv  interested.  He  had  beea 
for  some  time  a  Member  of  the  Committal 
of  the  Society  for  the  Diffusion  of  Useful 
Knowledge,  and  actively  engaged  in  revising 
and  preparing  treatises  for  publication.  The 
over  tension  of  mind — occasioned  by  these 
absorbing  contemplations,  which  were  not 
only  unrelieved  by  the  ordinary  relaxations 
and  recreations  of'^youth,  but  too  frequently 
allowed  to  trespass  on  needful  hours  of  rest 
— there  is  every  reason  to  snppose,  caused 


186* 


Obituary. — Clergy  deceased. 


£Feb. 


tlutt  moriuJ  fttftto  of  the  brain*  whlch»  ag- 
gravated ami  accelerated  by  the  anusual  se* 
verity  of  the  weather*  produced  the  deplor- 
able event — thus  prematurely  quenching  all 
the  fotid  hopes  which  his  parents  were  jus- 
tified in  entertaining,  but  which  constituted 
the  least  portion  of  his  claims  to  their  attach- 
ment* as  his  high  attainments  were  all  sub- 
servient to  the  better  feelings  of  duty  and 
affection,  by  which  every  part  of  his  domes- 
tic conduct  was  influenced. 

The  following  tribute  to  tlie  memory  of 
Mr.  W.  £.  Tooke  appeared  in  the  Morning 
Chronicle  : — *'  The  loss  of  this  amiable, 
able,  and  accoir.plished  young  gentleman, 
produced  a  great  sensation  yesterday.  He 
was  a  youth  of  great  promise,  and,  by  all 
who  had  the  happiness  of  knowing  him,  he 
was  exceedingly  beloved.  A  more  generous 
and  benevolent  heart  than  his  never  beat 
within  a  human  bosom.  His  range  of  in- 
formation was  unusually  extensive  fur  his 
vears,  and  his  judgment  was  excellent.  He 
had  already  written  several  treatises  which 
were  much  esteemed;  and,  with  his  research 
and  sagacity,  and  uncompromising  love  of 
truth,  liad  his  life  been  spared,  he  could  not 
have  failed  to  become  one  of  the  chief  orna- 
ments of  his  age." 

His  remains  were  interred  on  the  following 
Tuesday,  in  the  church  of  St.  George, 
Bloomsbury ;  and  attended  to  the  grave  by 
his  immediate  relations  and  by  many  sin- 
cerely sorrowing  friends,  as  well  of  those 
more  matured  in  life,  whose  confidence  and 
approbation  he  had,  by  his  many  amiable 
qualities  and  andeviating  correctness  of  con- 
duct, conciliated,  as  also  by  several  young 
men  who  were  treading  equal  steps  witli  him 
in  the  paths  of  usefulness.  Of  the  former 
description  were  Sir  J.  W.  Lubbock;  W. 
Astell,  Esq.  M.  P.  Deputy  Chairman  of  the 
East  India  Company ;  Pascoe  Grenfell,  Etq.j 
Isaac  Solly,  Esq. ;  M.  A.  Shee,  Esq.  Presi- 
dent  of  the  Rcyal  Academy  ;  and  Dr.  Hoget. 
The  younger  cart  of  the  attendants  consisted 
of  Mr.  J.  W.  Lubbock,  Mr.  W.  H.  Ord, 
Mr.  J.  Romilly,  Mr.  E.  M.  Fit/gerald,  Mr. 
Hildyard^  &c. 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

Oct.  31.  At  his  residence  at  Shrews- 
bury, aged  48,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Ostcell, 
Rector  of  the  first  pc»rtion  of  Westbury,  co, 
Salop.  He  was  son  of  the  late  Alderroaa 
Oswell*  of  Shrewsbury,  by  Mary,  daughter 
of  the  Rev.  Stephen  Pyrethrick,  Vicar  of 
Much  Wenlock  and  Leighton.  He  was  of 
St.  John's  college,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1803, 
M.  A.  1 806,  and  T-as  presented  to  his  living 
in  the  latter  year  by  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Pemher- 
ton.  Although  for  several  years  prevented 
by  ill  health  from  performing  his  clerical 
duty,  he  was  highly  respetted  by  his  parish- 


ioners, and  in  his  private  character  it  amy  b« 
truly  said,  that  lie  «  walked  with  God.**  Hit 
remains  were  interred  at  St.  Alkmuad'si 
Shrewsbury. 

Nov,  SO.  At  Ealing,  aged  65,  the  Rev. 
George  Nicholat,  LL.  D.  Head  MMtor  of 
Ealing  School.  Dr.  Nicholas  wat  fbrmerW 
a  member  of  Wadham  college,  Qxfimlt 
where  he  attained  the  degree  of  M.A.  ia 
1791,  and  proceeded  B.  and  D.C.L.  in  1793« 
He  was  the  author  of  «  Ao  Easy  lotrodnc- 
tion  to  Latin  Grammar,"  ISn&o.  1793  ;  and 
his  school  has  long  been  celebrated  for  the 
number  of  his  pupils.  Dr.  Nicholas  wee  in 
excellent  scholar,  an  almoet  unrivalled  dis- 
ciplinarian, and  remarkable  for  his  benevo- 
lence and  urbanity.  He  has  lefk  sons  to 
carry  nn  his  establishment. 

Dec,  26.  Found  dead  on  a  mad,  havio|^ 
fallen  from  his  horse,  the  Rev.  John  Jonetf 
Vicar  uf  Minster-lays,  Salop,  (to  which  he 
was  presented  in  1822  by  the  above  Mr. 
Oswell,  as  Rector  of  WestbtvyO  umI  CuFite 
of  Habberley. 

Jan.  1.  At  Qif^on  Hotwells,  seed  87» 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Buckley^  PerpetBalCiirato 
of  Measharo,  Derbyshire. 

Jan.  2.  At  Wickham,  Berks,  aged  73* 
the  Rev.  Henry  Sawhridge,  Rector  oi  Wel- 
ford  cum  Wickham.  He  was  of  Queen's 
coll.  Camb.  B.A.  1782,  M.A.  1789;  and 
was  admitted  to  his  living  on  hia  own  pe* 
tition. 

Jan.  18.  Aeed  68,  the  Rer.  JVblAomel 
May,  Vicar  of  Leigh,  Kent.  He  ins  of 
Lincoln,  coll.  Oxford,  M.  A.  I786«  end  wee 
instituted  to  his  living  in  1811  on  his  own 
petition.  He  was  the  aothor  (^  **  SOTmone 
on  the  History  of  Joseph,  piceehed  in  tho 
parish  Churches  of  Hemel  Uempsted  and 
Greet  Gaddesden,  Herts,  1793,"  Umo. 

Jan.  24.  In  Sloanc-st.  the  Rev.  Janet 
Stuart  Freeman,  D.  D.  Vicar  cf  ChalfentSt. 
Peter's,  Bucks.  He  was  formerly  Fellow  of 
St.  John's  college,  Oxford,  where  be  pro- 
ceeded M.  A.  1787,  B.  D.  1799,  D.D. 
1799;  and  was  presented  to  his  living  faf 
that  Society  in  1 808. 

Feb.  1.  At  the  Vicerage-hoose,  St.  Bl«r- 
garet's  in  Leicester,  afker  a  short  illnetet 
aged  68,  the  Rev.  Tkomtu  Burtuhi^  M.  A. 
Vicar  of  that  parish.  Rector  of  Mlstertfln, 
one  of  the  senior  acting  Megistmtes,  ead 
one  of  the  oldest  incunil^nts  u  the  conntf  • 
He  was  the  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  Robert 
Bumaby,  LL.B.  who  was  Vicar  of  Sfeliw- 
garet's,  Rector  of  Wanlip,  and  Pnbendaiy 
of  Lincoln,  bv  Katherine,  only  child  of 
Thomas  Jee,  Esq.  of  Leicester.  Hewai 
of  Clare  hall,  Cambridge,  B.A.  1784»MA. 
1 787*  and  was  chosen  a  Dixie  Fellow  of  £«•- 
nuel  college.  In  August  178A  he  manied 
Lncy,  fourth  danghter  of  RichaidDrctt* 
Esq.  of  Freeford,  in  the  coanty  of  StB^Mdy 
bv  Katherine,  only  daughter  of  ThoflMS 
Henick,  Em^,  second  brother  of  th«  bCe 


1S30.] 


Obituahy, 


187 


William  Herrick,  Esq.  of  Bi«utuftnor-i>&rk» 
and  bu  left  a  Httcoofalato  widow  and  ten 
children  to  lamtnt  their  irrcparabU  lots.  He 
was  iirctentcd  to  Miftertoo  in  178^,  hj 
hi«  fuaWj,  and  to  St.  Mamret'i,  Leicet- 
ter,  in  1789»  bj  hit  father  in  virtue  of  his 
tult  at  Liocolo.  In  1795,  when  the 
country  was  in  a  moat  disturbed  state,  ea 
alarroiog  riot  broke  out  at  Barrow-upon- 
Suar  in  this  county.  Accompanying  the 
I^icestcr  troops  of  yeomanry  cai^Iry,  the 
siiliiect  of  tliis  memorial,  by  his  firmness  at 
a  Magistrate,  aided  by  the  good  conduct  of 
the  yeomanry,  was  mainly  inttrumcDtal  in 
qoelliog  the  disturbance.  For  this  service 
he  publicly  received  the  thanks  of  Govern- 
ment, tlirough  the  Judges  at  the  following 
aseUet.  He  wat  the  rondest  and  best  of 
husbands,  the  kindest  and  most  affectionate 
of  fathers,  whose  greatest  hapfMoess  was  in 
the  botom  of  hu  family.  Those  who  knew 
him  best  esteemed  him  most.  Totally  free 
from  hypocrisy  or  guile,  he  endeavoured  to 
do  hit  duty  to  God  and  man.  Could  eppn- 
rent  health  and  ttrength  ensure  continusnce 
on  earth,  it  might  liave  been  looked  for  in 
him  ;  but  at  the  doec  nf  a  dav  spent  in  the 
utmoat  cheerfulness  and  vigour,  he  was,  in 
less  than  half  an  hour  (after  lying  down 
upon  his  pillow)  summooed  to  rMi;;n  his 
li£e  into  the  hands  of  Him  who  gave  it. 


DE-\THS. 

LoWDON    AND   ITf   VlCINITY. 

Jaiu  9.  At  Woolwich,  MaJorTsylor,R.A. 
•/on.  19.  In  tapper  Groavenor-st,  Major 
Thoa.  Otway  Cave,  brother  to  Rnbt.  Otway 
Cave,  esq.  M.P.  for  Leicester.  He  was  tlie 
eecood  son  of  the  late  Heair  Otway,  esq.  of 
Stanford  Hall,  Leic.,  and  Castle  Otway,  in 
Ireland,  by  Sarah,  sister  and  heiress  to  Sir 
Thomaa  Cave,  tlie  seventh  Bart,  of  Staufortl. 
He  was  Captain  in  the  97th  foot,  and  pur* 
chased  the  rank  of  Major  in  1836*. 

Jan.  30.  In  Devonshire-place,  Ricliard 
Chichely  Plowden,  esq.  a  Director  of  the 
£ast  India  Company. 

Jan,  91.  In  Henrietta-st.  Brunswick  sq., 
aged  36,  Geori^e  Huntington,  esq.  of  Hull, 
youngest  son  of  late  Wm.  |{.e»q.  of  Kirkella. 
Jan.  93.  In  Harley-st.,agrd  38,  thehon. 
Henrietta  Maria  Petre,  sister  to  Lord  Petre. 
She  was  the  third  dau.  of  Roht.  Edward,  1 0th 
and  late  Lord  by  Mary  Bridget,  daughter  of 
Henry  Howard,  esq.,  and  sister  to  the  Duke 
of  Norfolk. 

Jan,  93.  In  York  terrace.  Regent's  Park, 
Isabella  Mary,  wife  of  John  ■Fairlie,  esq. 

At  Chelsea,  aged  75,  Robert  Barker,  esq. 

Jan.  96.  Aged  69,  Augns.  Robt.  Hankey, 
esq.  of  Fenchurch-st.  banker. 

Jan.  97.  In  Great  Ruttcll-st.  Alexander 
Murray,  esq. 

Jan.  38.  Aged  71 ,  Mr.  Willoughbv,  of 
i«<rjfaats*    Inn,    a    confidential     clerk    in 


Messrs.   Hoares*  benking-honse,   and  for- 
merly of  West  Knoyle,  Wilts. 

Jan.  99.  In  Bernard  St.,  aged  78,  Samuel 
Pryer,  esq.  of  Gray's  Inn. 

Laiely.  At  hb  son's,  the  Rev.  W.  H. 
Rowlatt,  in  Eutton-sq.,  aged  84,  John  Row- 
latt,  eso. 

At  Cliaring-cross,  Major  Henrv  Marlay, 
half-pay  of  8.id  rtf^.  late  of  the  8d  Buffs. 
In  HilUst.,  Col.  Burrows,  in  hb  84ch  year. 
Fel\  9.     In  Brook-st ,  Margaret  Emma, 
wife  of  Dr.  Holland. 

In  Warren-st.,  a<;ed  80,  Wm.  Lake,  esq. 
uncle  to  Sir  James  S.  W.  Lake,  Bart.  He 
was  the  youngest  and  last  surviving  son  of 
Sir  Atwell,  the  2d  Bart,  by  Mary,  only  dau. 
of  James  Winter,  of  Mile-end,  esq. 

Fel\  3.  In  £bory-st.,  Pimlico.  aged  84, 
Mrs.  Byerley,  many  years  attendant  on  the 
Princess  Aucusta. 

Feb.  4.  In  Lambeth,  Mr.  W.  H.  Parys, 
who  during  the  late  war  served  in  the  Bra- 
zilian navy  under  Don  Pedro,  and  was  subse- 
quently employed  in  the  Commissaiy-gene- 
lid's  office,  in  Canada.  During  the  war,  he 
acted  as  clerk  and  interpreter  to  the  various 
ships  that  were  engaged,  which  situation 
he  obt;iined  througn  the  influence  of  a 
noble  lord.  At  the  conclusion  of  hostilities, 
a  reduction  took  place,  and  Mr.  Psrys  was 
discluu'ged  amonffst  others.  Upon  his  arrival 
in  this  country,  he,  with  the  utmost  persa- 
verance,  endeavoured  to  procure  employ- 
ment suitable  to  his  talents,  but  all  his  efft»rts 
proved  unavsiling.  He  was  reduced  to  the 
most  deplorable  distress,  and  at  length  driven 
to  self-destruction  by  poison,  leaving  a  wife 
and  three  children. 

Feb.  5.  In  Millman-st.,  Chas.  Davis,  esq. 
only  son  of  late  Mri  Lnckyer  Davis,  of  Hoi- 
born,  bookseller,  who  died  in  1791  (see 
memoirs  of  him  in  Nichols's  Literary  Anec- 
dotes, vol.  iv.  p.  436').  Mr.  Charles  Davb 
was  remarkably  short  in  stature,  a  misfor* 
tune  he  very  sensibly  felt.  He  was  a  very 
amiable  man,  much  respected  and  beloved. 

In  Stanhope-street,  May -fair,  Alexander 
Montagu,  only  child  of  W.  Bingham  Baring, 
eso.  M.P. 

In  Harley-st.  in  his  80th  year,VVm.  T\nn. 
Welsh,  esq.  Some  years  back  he  returned 
from  India  with  an  independent  fortune.  On 
the  90th  of  Jan.  he  was  knocked  down  by  a 
cart,  and  the  wheel  went  over  his  body  ;  he 
was  able  to  walk  home,  but  several  ribs  be- 
ing broken,  he  gradually  tank  until  hit 
dissolution. 
fW^  6.  At  Clapton,  aged  90,  Mrs.  Brewster. 
Feb.  7.  At  Claremont-terrace,  Cordall  Tho- 
mas, esq.  of  the  Bank  of  England. 

Sarah,  9d  daughter  of  late  Wm.  Blosam, 
esq.  of  Hiehgate. 

Feb.  9.  Henry,  eldest  son  of  late  Lt.-Co]. 
West,  R.  A. 

At  Kenniuston-green,  a^red  49,  Chas.  Arm- 
strong, esq.  mm-merchant,  of  S<nitliwark. 
Feb.  10.  At  Hountditch,  the  widow  of  Mr. 


188 


Obituaky. 


John  Parker,  cork  manufacturer,  having  tar- 
vived  her  eldes^  dau  (Mrs.GKbbs)  onlv  6  days. 

Fd\  U .  At  Hackney,  aged  59»  fhotnas 
Giover,  esq.  who  for  many  years  was  princi- 
pa]  of  tlie  Investigators-office  in  the  Hank 
of  England. 

Aged  57,  Lewis  Charles  Miles,  esq.  late 
of  Epping. 

In  NewBond-st.  aged  Bd,Wm.L!oyd,M.D. 

In  Queen  Anne->st.  Sophia,  widow  of  Wm. 
Bowen,  M.D.  of  Bath,  and  sister  to  Thos. 
Boycott,  esq.  of  Ridge  Hall,  Salop. 

Feb.  12.  In  Montagu-square,  Mrs.  Geo. 
Thomhill,  sister  to  Sir  John  Gfesar  Haw- 
kins, of  Kelston,  near  Bath,  Bart.  She  was 
<lau.  of  John  Hawkins,  esq.  (son  of  Sir  Gesar 
the  first  Bart.)  by  Anne,  eldest  dau  of  Jos. 
Colbume,esq.  and  was  married  in  Aug.  1780. 

Feb,  18.  In  Guilfurd-st.  aged  32,  Alex. 
John  Wallace,  esq. 


Derby. — Feb,  16.  At  Derby,  in  the  huute 
bf  her  son-in-law  John  Bingham,  esq., 
Martha,  widow  of  Daniel  Rogers,  esq.  of 
Wassel  Grove,  Wore,  (brother  to  the  poet, 
Samnel  Rogers,  esq.)  whose  death  was  re- 
corded in  our  last  volume,  part  ii.  p.  S84. — 
They  have  lefi  a  numerous  fiiroily. 

Devon. — Jan.  16.  At  Torquay,  Capt.  Lu- 
cas, late  of  2d  Royal  Veteran  battalion. 

Jan.  25.  At  Whiteford  House,  Lady 
Louisa  Georgiana,  wife  of  Sir  W.  Pratt  Call, 
Bart,  lialf-sister  to  the  Earl  of  Granard.  She 
was  the  3d  dau.  of  George,  the  5th  and  late 
Earl,  by  his  second  wire.  Lady  Georgiana 
Augusta  Berkeley ;  was  married  to  Sir  Wm. 
June  19y  1806*,  and  had  several  children. 

Jan,  29.  Eliz.  wife  of  the  Rev.  James 
Longmore,  of  Yealmpton,  Devon,  and  sister 
of  late  Sir  W.  Young,  G.C.B. 

Lateiy,  At  DawHsb,  aged  45,  Eleanor, 
wife  of  the  Rev  Jolm  Norcross,  Rector  of 
Framlinghamy  Suffolk,  and  third  daughter 
of  Robert  Bell,  esq.  of  Humbletou. 

At  Plymouth,  Comm.  John  Davies. 
.  At  Koowle  Cottage,  near  Exeter,  Lady 
Collier,  widow  of  Rear- Adm.Sir  Geo.Collier, 
Bart,  and  K.C.B.  She  was  Maria,  daughter 
of  John  Lyon,  of  Liverpool,  M.D. ;  was 
married  Mav  18,  1805,  and  left  a  widow 
without  children,  March  21,  1824,  when 
the  Baronetcy  expired. 

Feb,  5.  At  Fulford  Park,  near  Crediton, 
the  Right  Hon.  Susan  Countess  of  St.  Ger- 
mans. She  was  the  6th  and  youngest  dau- 
of  Sir  John  Mordaunt,  the  7th  Bart,  (and 
grand&ther  of  the  present  Sir  John,)  by 
Elizabeth,  dau.  and  coh.  of  Thos.  Prowte, 
of  Axbridg^e,  esq. ;  she  became  in  1814  the 
fourth  wife  of  the  Hon  Wm.  Eliot,  (who 
succeeded  his  brother  in  the  Earldom  in 
1883,)  and  had  no  family. 

Dorset. — Jaw.  19.  Aged  70,  Anne,  wife 
of  Robert  Bridge,  esq.  of  Piddletrenthide. 

Jan.  28.  Wni.  Windham,  infant  son  of 
the  Rev.  Wii^  Berry,  Tarrant  Hiutuo. 


[Feb. 

Feb,  5.  At  an  advanced  age,  Mr.  John 
PercT,  an  eminent  surveyor  and  auctioneer 
of  Sherborne,  who  conducted  an  exteotive 
business  for  nearly  fifty  years  with  the  strict- 
est integrity. 

Feb.  9.  In  his  92d  year,  Thos.  Young 
Bird,  esq.  the  oldest  burgess  of  the  corpora- 
tion qf  Poole. 

Feb,  1 8.  At  Okeford  Fitzpaine,  aged  82, 
Mr.  John  Longman,  only  sarviving  brother 
of  the  late  Mr.  Joseph  Longman,  Master  of 
the  Free  School,  Sbroton. 

Gloucestershire. — At  Norfolk-terrace, 
Gloucester,  the  wife  of  Lieut.-Col.  Mason. 

Feb.  9.  At  the  house  of  bis  brother 
Wm.  Weare,  esq.  Bristol*  aged  75,  Henry 
Weare,  esq.  of  Clifioo* 

Feb.  10.  At  Codrington,  aged  95.  Han- 
nah, widow  of  Rich.  Orumond  Oseland,  esq. 
attorney,  of  Malmeabury. 

Feb.  16.  At  Didmarton,  aged  70,  Robt. 
Dyer,  esq.  M.D.  late  of  BristoL 

Hants.  —  Jan.  88.  At  Southamptoo, 
David,  second  son  of  the  late  Capt.  Wm. 
Baird,  and  grandson  of  Sir  Jas.  Gardiner 
Baird,  Bart,  of  Saughton  Hall,  Mid  Lothian. 

Jan.  89.  In  his  48d  jear,  Augustus  At- 
kius,  esq.  of  Shidfield  Honse,  near  Wtck*> 
ham. 

Feb,  6.  Aged  1 6,  Eliz.  Stewart,  niace  of 
Dr.  Stewart,  of  Southampton. 

Feb.  7.  At  Lyroioeton,  aged  75,  Eliz. 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Ellis  Jones. 

Ftb.  8.  Aged  76,  Lieut.  John  Watkios, 
for  17  years  of  the  S.  Hants  Militia,  and 
previously  of  the  Wilts. 

Feb,  14.  At  Southampton,  aged  78,  Wm. 
Smith,  esq.  late  Collector  of  the  Custoau  of 
that  port,  and  one  of  the  senior  Aldermaa  of 
the  Corporation. 

Feb.  19.  At  Wincliester,  in  the  house  of 
her  son-in-law  Sam.  Deverell,  eaq.  aged  67, 
Mrs.  Lechmere. 

At  Avon  Cottage,  near  Ringwood,  aged 
66,  James  Tyrrell  Ross,  Esq. 

Hereford.  —  Jan.  9.  At  HerefNd, 
John  Goise  Rogers, -esq.  formerly  a  com- 
mander in  the  E.  I.  C.  He  was  one  of  the 
few  who  was  saved  from  the  wreck  of  the 
Haswell  East  lodiaman  in  1786. 

Jan,  26.  At  Hereford,  Ann,  wife  of  Wn. 
Radford,  esq.  R.  N. 

Herts. — Feb.  5.  At  St.  Alban*s,  John 
Harrison,  esq.  Ir-te  a  Commissioner  of  tho 
Victualling  Board. 

Feb.  14.  Aged  78,  Tho.  Hope  Brde,  ea^ 
of  Ware  Park,  for  many  years  neeeivtr- 
general  in  Herts. 

Hunts. — Feb.  12.  At  Stangronad,  from 
pulmonary  consumption,  in  her  17th  Tear, 
Margaratta,  eldest  dan.  of  the  Rer.  Wm. 
Strong.  To  a  frame  already  beyond  tho 
ordinary  stature  of  womanhood,  ahe  addad 
an  understanding  equally  mature,  aod  dis- 
played a  conscientious  demeanour  itt  every 
reUtion  of  life. 


Obituary. 


vl89 


Kknt.— Ffi*.  b*.   At  Frant,  ftged  74,  Wa. 
Ilftily,  e%q. 

LricKSTCMiimt. — F<sb.  3.  At  Bath  House, 
aged  4b*,  tha  Rt.  Hon.  Rob.-Wa.  Shirlaj, 
Lord  VitcouDt  Tarn  worth*  only  son  of  Earl 
Ferrers.  He  married  Anne,  otAj  dan.  of 
Rich.  Wetton,  eio.  and  luw  left  two  aont, 
Wathiogton-Sewailit,  now  Viicoiiot  Tam- 
worth,  horn  in  1832,  and  Robert- WilUam- 
Dererenx. 

Feb.  9.  Aged  81,  Mrs.  Carver,  of  Prtnae 
Thorpe. 

Feb.  II.  At  Eoderby,  aged  81,  Samud, 
•on  of  Mr.  Rich.  Hernck. 

Feb.  13.  Aged  73,  Thot.  Walker,  gent, 
of  Earl  Sbilton. 

Ftif.  15.  At  Whatton  House,  the  seat  of 
her  brother-in-law  Edward  Dawson,  esq. 
Catlierine,  wife  of  the  Rev.  J.  H.  Hamilton, 
fifth  and  youngest  dan.  of  the  late  Thos. 
March  Phillips,  esq.  of  Garendon  Park. 

LiNCOLNfHiaE.^Jon.  91.  At  Wisbeach, 
in  his  80th  year,  John  Marshall,  esq. 

Jan.  96.  Alex,  eldest  son  of  Dr.  Fraser, 
of  Wisbeach. 

Latety.  In  his  52d  year,  Tamberlain 
Qwillim,  esq.  of  Sleaford,  and  of  Welling- 
ton, near  Hereford. 

Feb.  H.  At  Lincoln,  aged  G5,  the  relict 
of  Dr.  Rockliffe,  of  Homcastlc. 

Middlesex. — Jan.  29.  Aged  72,  Benj. 
Fuller,  esq.  of  Homscy. 

At  Fincliley,  in  her  82d  vear,  Mary,  relict 
of  Edw.  Homer,  esq.  of  West  Town,  Back- 
well. 

Norfolk. — Jan.  21.  Tlie  wife  of  Andrew 
Fountaine,  esq.  of  Narford  Hall. 

NORTHAMrrONtMlRE. — Juju,  1829.  At 
Oundle,  aged  70,  Mr. Thomas  Haynes,  au- 
thor of  an  «  Improved  System  of  Nursery 
Gardening,"  1811,  royal  8vo. ;  **  A  Treatise 
on  propagating  hardy  American  Green-house 
PlanU«  Fruit-trees,"  Sic.  1811,  royal  8vo.  { 
'*  A  Treatise  on  the  improved  Culture  of  the 
Strawberry,  Raspberry,  and  Gooseberry,** 
1812,  8vo. 

Jan.  22.  At  PeUrborough,  aged  67 >  Ka- 
therine,  wife  at  Christopher  JeflFery,  esq. 

Jan.  27.  At  fiyfield  Rectory,  aged  40, 
Cbarlotu,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Cha.  Wetherell. 
Norf^^Fet,  12.  AtMirfield  Hall,  near 
Tux  ford,  aged  92,  Mrs.  Catherine  Cart- 
wnght,  dau.  of  Wm.  Cartwright,  esq.  of 
Mamham,  by  Anne  dau.  of  Geo.  Cartwright, 
esq.  of  Oesington.  She  was  sister  to  the  late 
Major  Cartwright  and  the  Rev.  Dr.  Cart- 
wright, FJLS. ;  and,  like  her  distinguished 
brothers,  preaerved  to  extreme  old  aga  an 
extraordinary  degree  of  quickness  and  men- 
tal taergy.  She  waa,  in  her  manners  and 
accomplishmtPta^  one  of  the  moet  perfect 
•pectaMoa  of  a  geatlewomaa  of  the  old 
achool,  af  which  Uitrt  art  now  but  few  ex- 
amples left. 

ihcoK. — Feb,  5.  At  Ifilev,  ared  80,  Mary, 
wife  of  John  IraUiidy  eeq.  M.D.  a  nagi»trate 
of  tht  CO.  of  OxuB. 


Latdjf*  In  bit  ttot  at  Lauatom  i^pad  op- 

warda  df  100,  Jamaa  Smith*  a  weU-kaowa 

character,  conaidered  a  Uag^af  the  Gipaies. 

Salop.-^^M.  B.     Rieh.  Hayaai  )«Ma« 

esq.  of  Bishop's  Caatle,  lata  senior  Captain 

nth  Foot. 

SoMBtSET.— Jon.  81.  At  Martoclfo  in 
her  2dd  year*  Mary,  third  dau.  of  Wm.  Cola 
Wood,  esq.  {  and  on  the  following  day,  at 
Coate,  in  her  80th  year,  £Us.-Cole,  Ma 
eldest  dau.  and  wife  of  Wm.  R.  Warn,  t^f^ 
Lately.  At  Bath,  aged  69,  Major  Godlirey, 
formerly  of  the  1 1  th  Dragooaa,  and  Soaier- 
set  Fencible  Cavalry,  and  a  BMgiitiata  af 
the  county. 

Feb.  1 .  At  Taunton*  Susanna*  widow  of 
the  late  Rev.  H.  Hj^man*  of  Halstock*  in 
CO.  Dorset. 

Fe6.  2.  At  Bath,  ag«l  aearly  70,  the 
Hon.  Vesey  Knox,  brother  to  Loid  Visa. 
Northland,  to  the  Bishop  of  Derry*  aad 
the  Dean  of  Down*  He  was  the  third  of  the 
seven  tons  of  Thomas  the  first  Viscount,  by 
the  Hon.  Anne  Vesey,  second  dau.  of  Jolm 
first  Lord  Knapton.  Ha  was  formerly  Cap- 
tain in  the  d2d  Foot ;  and  having  marriad, 
Oct.  23,  1792,  Catherine,  dau.  of  Gen.  Gis- 
bome,  had  one  dan.  and  two  sons  \  1 .  Ma- 
risnn  Diana,  married  to  the  Rev.  Richard 
Nugent  Homer;  2.  Thomas* Gisborae s  8. 
the  Rev.  Edmond-Thomas. 

Feb,  14.  At  Bath,  aged  27,  Mr.  J.  Pavty* 
painter,  author  of  a  treatise  on  the  Bane  in 
Sheep,  whieh  met  with  the  highest  appro- 
bation from  the  Hath  and  West  of  England 
Agricultural  Society. 

Lately.  At  Stanton  Drew,  Mr.  Paint, 
farmer,  aged  102. 

Jan,  1 3.  At  Alford-House,  aged  76,  John 
Thring,  esq.  a  deputy  lieutenant  and  acting 
magistrate  for  the  county. 

Feb.  15.  At  Bath,  Maria,  relict  of  Robert 
Batharst,  esq.  formerly  collector  of  customs 
in  Bengal. 

Stappord. — Jan.  23.  At  Stafford,  aged 
65,  Henry  Somerville,  esq.  M.D. 

Sufiolk. — Dec.  26.  Aged  6fij  Susanna, 
wife  of  Milesoh  Edgar,  esq.  of  the  Red 
House,  near  Ipswich. 

Jan,  20.  At  Capt.  Warner's,  Layham* 
Artemkdorus-Cromwell,  son  of  Tho.  Arte- 
midonis  Russell,  esq.  of  Cheshunt  Park,  and 
grandson  of  the  Ute  Oliver  Cromwell,  esq. 

Surrey. — Dec.  30.  At  Surbiton-plaoe, 
Bged  17,  Emma,  dan.  of  Mr.  Aid.  Garrett 
(see  the  death  of  a  younger  sister  in  our  laat 
number,  p.  93). 

Jan,  17.  At  Egham,  aged  8 1 ,  Mrs.  Jane 
Wetton,  formerly  of  Chertsey. 

Sussex. — Jan,  25.  At  Brighton,  agad 
87,  Silvanns  Bevan,  esq.  late  of  Foabury 
House,  Wilts,  and  of  Gloucester-place. 

FeX),  1 .  At  Worthing,  aged  f  years,  the 
Hon.  Arthur-Dudlay  Law*  only  child  of  Ld. 
Ellenborough. 

Feb.  4.     At  Brighton,  aged  83,  the  Hon. 


190 


Obituary.— BtZZ  qf  MortalUy.^^MarkeU. 


[Feb. 


QwrloUey  widow  of  A.  Chapmiii,  esq.  of 
Gmnrille  Howoy  Dorset. 

Feb,  8.  At  Hutiiigi^  aged  69^  John 
Aoetesy  otq. 

WiLTi. — Jan,  tl.  At  Eut  Harnham, 
need  96y  Mary  Ann,  only  daa.  of  the  late 
Mr.  John  Gou,  of  hit  Majesty's  Chapel 
Royal*  and  formerly  of  Salisbury. 

Jan.  95.  At  Salisbarr,  aged  56,  Rachel 
Frances,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Rer.  H. 
Hawes,  Rector  of  Little  Laogford  and  Dit- 
teridge. 

Laieiy.  At  Langley  Burrell,  aged  80, 
Nicholas  Ponting,  esq. 

Feb.  17.  Aged  6t,  Thelwall  Maurice, 
«sq.  of  Marlborough. 

Aged  68,  Oeorge  Moule,  esq.  a  respect- 
able solicitor  and  hanker,  of  Melksham. 

Feb.  99.  At  Calue,  Mr.  Robert  Bailey, 
woolstapler ;  a  worthy  upright  man,  and  a 
member  of  the  corporation. 

YoRKsHiiis. — Jim.  91.  At  Westwood- 
ball,  near  Leeds,  aged  74«  Ann,  relict  of 
Lieut.-Col.  Lloyd,  of  Kingthorpe-house, 
and  dau.  of  late  Walter  Wade,  esq.  of  New 
Orai^,  near  Leeds. 

Jan.  99.  At  Ripon,  aged  69,  Githerine, 
widow  of  W.  Harrison,  M.D. 

Jan*  96.  Aged  81,  John,  eldest  son  of 
Tho.  Cadman,  esq.  of  Leeds. 

Lately.  At  Sheffield,  aged  105,  Dorothy 
Jones*    She  was  the  mother  of  eleven  sons, 


all  of  whom  fell  in  the  service  of  their 
try,  nine  in  the  army  and  two  in  the  nainr. 

Fa,  4.  At  Eccleshill,  aged  78,  the  Rer. 
Zechariah  Yewdall,  Methodist  Preacher. 

Feb.  8.  Aged  59,  Mr.  Lancashire*  book- 
seller, Huddersfield. 

Feb.  9.  At  Leeds,  aged  99,  Edward  San- 
derson Oeorge,  esq.  F.L  S.  Hiji  attainments 
in  chemistry  contributed  in  a  hiffh  dc^ret  to 
the  prosperity  of  the  respectMile  firm  of 
Thomas  George  and  Sons.  The  Philoeo- 
phieal  Hall,  in  Leeds,  exhibits  many  meaM>- 
rials  of  his  knowledge  in  geology,  ornitho- 
logy, and  various  other  departments  of  aci- 
ence. 

Feb.  11.  At  Scarborough,  aged  69»  tlie 
relict  of  John  Fowler,  esq.  naany  ytan  na 
eminent  shitHbuilder.  Mrs.  F.  is  the  eighth 
of  the  family  that  has  died  within  the  Jeat 
nine  months. 

Wales.— Jon.  93.  At  Welfield-hoiiae» 
Radnorshire,  aged  46,  David  Thomea,  ea^ 
a  Magistrate  and  Deputy  LieuteBBSt  oif  co. 
Brecon. 

Feb.  15.  Edw.  Aug.  Phillips,  «iq.  of 
Slebech-hall,  Pemb. 

Scotland.  —'  At  Arbuthnot-house,  eo. 
Kincardine,  aged  80,  the  Hon.  Charlotte 
Arbuthnot,  aunt  to  Vise.  Arbuthnot.  She 
was  the  eldest  dau.  of  John,  the  6th  Viae.» 
by  his  second  wife  Jane,  dau.  of  Alex*  Ar- 
buthnot, of  Fiudourie. 


^» 


BILL  OF  MORTALiry,  from  Jan.  90,  to  Feb.  16,  1830. 


Cliristened. 
Males      -     628 
Females  -     645 


} 


1978 


l!uried. 
Males    -     807  ) 

Females  -     999  J 


1799 


Whereof  have  died  under  two  years  old 
Salt  65.  per  boshel;  1{</.  per  poonJ. 


9  and  5  141 
5  and  10  59 
10  and  90  55 
90  and  30  108 
SO  and  40  1 13 
40  and  50  175 


50  and 
60  and 
70  and 
80  and 


60  15^ 
70  904 

aoirt 

90    9t 


90  and  100   II 


CORN  EXCHANGE,  Fel 

u  92. 

Wlieat. 
s.     d. 

Barley. 
s.     d. 

Oatf. 
t.     d. 

Rye. 
s,     d. 

Beans. 

s.     d. 

75     0 

34     0 

99     0 

39     0 

36     0 

Peas, 
s.     d, 
88     0 


PRICE  OF  HOPS,  Feb.  92. 

KentBm 5/.  19f.  to    8/.    Os. 

Sussex  Uitto 5^     55.  to    6L     65. 

Essex 52.  195.  to     7l     75. 

Famham  (fine) 191.    05.  to  13^  135. 

PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW,  Feb.  99. 
Smithfield,  Hay  91.  105.  to  AL  155.      Straw  9/.  05.  to  9Z.  145.       Qover  32. 1 5s.  to  61.  Oi. 

SMITHFIELD,  Jan.  95.    To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  8lbs. 


Famham  (seconds) 9L    Of.  to  102.  lOs. 

KentPockets SL    Os,  to\OL    0«. 

Sussex &2.  165.  to  62.    6s. 

6L    65.  to  8^    iff. 


Beef 35.  \od.  to  45. 

Mutton 45.     9(2.  to  45. 

Vad 55.    0(2.  to  65. 

Pork 45.    542.  to  55. 


9(2. 
8(2. 
0(2. 
6(2. 


Lamb 05.  0<2.  to  Ot.  Odl 

Head  of  Cattle  at  Market .  Feb.  99 : 

Beasts 9,443     Cahea    79 

Sheepaod  Lambs  14,540      Pigi     160 

COAL  MARKET,  Feb.  92,  925.  Od.  to  365.  6d,  ^ 

TALLOW,  per  cwt.— Town  Tallow,  405.  Od.    Yellow  Russia,  385.  6d. 

OAP.— Yellow,  74f.  Mottleil,  805.  Curd,825.— -HANDLES,  75.  per  doz.  Mouliki  85.6^. 


I     191     1 
PRICES  OF  SHARBS,  Fchruarj83,  1830, 

At  tbt  OKn  (/WOUi:,  BanriiMi,  Stock  &  "da^*  AH*},  ConhiD 


t   11*  1 

MElEOROLOGlCAr,  DIARY,  by  W.  CARY.  sViakd, 


Fdimihcit'i  Them. 

Si 


to  FdiTaary  9S>  1S30,  talk  inetutitr. 
'iTIicim. 


33  1' 


lObir 


Icluudj 


17  jo 

18  I   4li   ' 


I  33  i   !9,  R7:cliMiHj 

9  i  33    '.      ,  70&ir 
Q  .  30  ':       ,  G4'&ir 

D  ;  SO  :.      ,  so'bir 


\\%> 


DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS. 

Pnm  Janattry  4B,  la  Fetruarg  35,  1830.  Irolk  in 


11  its 


J.  J.  ARNULL,  Stuck  Broker,  Buk-buiMiDgi,  CnnihUI, 

Ute  ItlCIIARMOH,  GoODM'CKi  (Sd  Co. 


GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 


MARCH,    1830. 


pr/A 


[PUBUSHED 

«Tf|lnil  tftnmnnfcitlon^. 
iR  CoaiupOMDiNCE. — Ld.  BloomfitU  194 

DcKclptiTc  Account  of  Migdcborg 193 

Tlic  CliolflB  FvnilT 197 

Wdl  Ihrough  (he  H'lghUwl* 19S 

.Mill  Tm'i  Almi  Hautci  tt  Milchu 101 

JudIiu,  Sir  P.  Fnncii,  Burka,  uhI  H.Tooka,  il. 

Anwricu  EtuJuU  en  Juaiiu SOS 

Drhcu  in  tb«  Court  of  Cbioccnr it. 

Kciwki  on  Peuicburch,  ».  HinToid  .  ..(OS 
VVhuplodi.HHlum.  &  PortUhexiChurcbe*  904 

Auti»l  U<tl  of  WiMhM»r  Cutl* it. 

-Sir  KcmIoi  llubr'i  McDoin SOS 

SitT.MulMwipicIiiKDfliifkiiUafSpaiDlOr 

AnlicDt  EpiUph  ia  BroBlei  CKunh SOS 

Percjr  MonunraU  U  BtttAej 109 

Ru-reliari  ia  Bavtiltj  MiotMr IIS 

Mr.Upham'tlUpUtaMr.  Higgio 914 

ll.>n.  ud  Hit.  O.  Spmnt'i  CoBienion  . . -Sia 

Oo  th*  Dunrt  of  Popcit 918 

Naiic«tofT»UtackuuliuAbhcT.  ..91S-9S1 

Hriuih  MoaumcaU  uil  SuoD  School 919 

Lifr  tad  WriiiDci  afChiuUphcr  MulDn..lS9 
Puiphraw  OB  Zieimith,  Cbap.  X 9S4 

Riwm  of  turn  Ipubdcatigii^. 

'•  LihofSitThoaMMunro 996 

Sir  H.  Dstj'i  CouolUioal  ia  Tnnl 999 

Itibri'i  Lhuum  OB  Uiriidu  Eduntioa.  ..931 
i^ballUlMd  aich  k  Vin  of  Alm>  Houiu  at  Mi 


APRIL  1.   1 830.] 

DiDbaaj'i  Onid*  to  th*  Charcli 9SI 

Popolu  Vongn  wd  Tnnli — Tutkor  .  ■ .  ■  Ul 
Sir  J.  Wiltli  OB  Poor  Uwi  ia  IraluJ  . . .  .UE 

Bp.  Mul'i  Clenrmu'i  ObUgMiooi SS7 

Dr.  TowBioo'i  Pnctiul  DiicounM 93S 

.DBual  Obiturj  for  1830  . , 


JJ.S4S 

Bi  bl  iognphioai  ud  Rotroipoct  it*  MlM«lhof94  G 

NmbU  Hiitori  of  Iuhcu .917 

MikcIIbwoiu  natifwi. 948-950 

Fmi  Abti 930 

LiTiRimvlKTtLUOEi)ci.-N«i>PoblicatioB*933 
AMTianiRitii  RuiiacHU 9SJ 

SlLtCTPOITIT 937 

Ki^todtal  €tiaa\tU. 

Proccsdian  in  pteicat  SMiioaof  PuIiuacDtSSB 
Fonigo  tttn,  9fl3.--DosiaticOccnrr*acM9e4 

Promotioaa,  &e.S63.— Mardun 9(i6 

OarrujtmT)  *ilb  Mcmoin  of  Lord  Rodc*- 
dal*  ;  Lord  On^tt  i  Right  Hoa.  O.  T\n- 
B*T ;  Bp.  of  St.  Anph  ;  Bp.  Sudfixd ;  Sir 
C.BnnoDi  Sir H. C. MoBUonwni A. Ctlf- 
ford,  M.  H.  B<wb,  J.  Smilhioa,  Mai*., 
0*a.  MrtBcrieffi  Gaa.  Slawvt,  of  Owtb  i 

Adm.  FriMri  Capt.  Fol*]',  &e 9S7 

Bill  of  Monditr.— Muksu,  996.— ShaiHSBT 

MatwRological  Diar;. — Priw  of  Stoeki.,988 

rcHiM,  lata!/  tndcd  aad  (odoBod  bjMiw  Tin; 

MOKUMUTT    U    BlVEKLIY. 


By    SYLVANOS    URBAN,    Gimt. 


[     19*    ] 

MINOR    CORRESPONDENCE. 


Oar  Corretpondent  Tiibooorus,  to  p. 
103,  however  correct  he  may  be  in  other 
tnore  Important  }>oiDtt  relative  to  the  Hoo. 
and  Rev.  George  Spencer,  must  stand  cor- 
rected with  regard  to  the  value  of  the  Church 
frefermeot  relinquished  by  that  nobleman. 
t  consisted  only  of  the  living  of  Brington 
(his  father's  parish)  in  Northamptonshire; 
which  it  is  true  u  a  rectory,  but  which,  it 
must  be  well  known  in  the  neighbourhood, 
produces  not  a  fifth  peart  of  the  annual  in- 
come stated  by  our  correspondent. 

£.  Y.  remarks  :  **  Before  yonr  Old  Sub- 
scriber attempted  to  nnfrock  Lord  Bloom- 
iield  (as  he  does,  p.  498j,  he  should  have 
looked  at  the  articles  ot  the  Irish  Union, 
where  he  will  find  the  very  case  provided 
for,  and  will  perceive  that  the  only  effect  of 
the  allowance  of  the  Roscommon  Peerage 
is,  that  the  Crown  must  await  the  extinc- 
tion of  Jour  peerages  instead  of  ihreCf  before 
a  new  Irish  Peer  can  be  created." — If  £.  Y. 
had  referred  to  p.  290,  he  would  have  seen 
the  same  law  laid  down  by  our  Old  Sub- 
scriber hinMelf ;  and  the  first  paragraph  of 
his  letter  in  p.  498,  tends  to  the  same  point, 
— that,  as  the  Earl  of  Roscommon  was  not 
acknowledged  by  the  House  of  Peers  until 
1828,  and  no  new  creation  has  since  been 
made,  the  case  is  without  difficulty,  pro- 
vided that  the  Roscommon  peerage  remain- 
ed unclaimed  for  twelve  months  after  the 
late  £ari;s  death  in  1816.  Tliis,  we  are 
now  enabled  to  state,  it  did ;  as,  although 
the  present  Earl  perhaps  assumed  the  title, 
neither  he,  nor  any  other  claimant,  nuule 
any  .'such  legal  claim  before  the  House 
of  Peers  as  alone  could  be  regarded  by 
the  Government.  The  right  of  the  Crown 
to  avail  itself  of  the  presumed  extinction,  is 
therefore  indefeasible,  and  Lord  Bloom- 
field's  patent  holds  good.  It  is  true  that 
his  Lordship  has  not  yet  voted  at  the  elec- 
tion of  a  Representative  Peer,  and  this  be- 
cause he  has  not  proved  his  right  liefore 
the  House ;  but  it  is  merely  a  voluntary  de- 
lay, prol>ably  arising  from  his  absence  from 
the  country.  Our  Old  Subscriber  was 
not  strictly  correct  in  stating  that  the  pre- 
sent Earl  of  Roscommon's  name  was  in- 
cluded, pending  his  claim,  in  the  annual 
list  of  Ulster  King  at  Arms;  the  title  was 
returned,  but  the  name  left  blank.  The 
consideration  of  these  circumstances  will,  it 
is  presumed,  a^ain  restore  Lord  Bloom- 
field's  patent  to  the  favourable  impression 
under  which  our  Old  Subscriber  pre- 
viously virwcd  it  ;  and  it  will  be  evident 
that  the  Crown  has  merely  to  quote  four  in- 
stead of  three  extinctions  in  the  next  pa- 
tent conferred.  We  presume,  indeed,  that 
the  delay  which  has  taken  place  in  the 
creation  of  Mr.  James  Daly  to  the  title  of 
Lord  Dunsandle*  has  Arisen  from  an  inten- 
tion to  wait  till  the  legal  space  of  a  twelve- 
month lias  expired,  after  the  date  of  a  fourth 
extinction. 


Mr.  W.  Hortok  Llotd  says,  '*  Yonr 
Correspondent  W.  S.  B.  part  ii.  p.  484 »  of 
last  vol.  in  correcting  Sir  Walter  Scufct'a 
errors,  appears  to  have  &llen  Into  one  him- 
self. He  objects  to  the  Dominicans  being 
called  by  Sir  Walter  Scott  black  friars,  and 
asserts  that  they  were  called  white  friars.  But 
the  Dominicans  certainly  were  called  Heuk 
friars,  wearing  a  black  dress ;  and  the  Car- 
melites were  those  called  White  Friam,  ae 
see  (if  authority  be  necessary)  Bonanai'e 
Religions  Orders, — Burn's  Bccles.  Law,  art. 
Monasteries, — and  Dngdale's  Warwickshire^ 
p.  1«2." 

J.  G.  N.  observes,  that  our  correspon- 
dents, on  the  biography  and  literary  lalmiin 
of  the  Rev.  William  Ains worth,  in  our  laet 
volume,  part  ii.  pp.  S90,  498,  600,  do  not 
appear  to  have  been  aware  tliat  a  bibliosira- 
pnical  account,  with  eatracts,  from  toat 
author's  "  Medulla  Bibliorum,  1659,'*  was 
communicated  to  our  vol.  zcvii.  i.  599. 

Carthusiemsis  is  desirous  to  supply  an 
omission  in  the  Obituaries  of  the  late  JSiahop 
of  Crlcutta  (Dr.  James),  and  that  groat 
and  excellent  man  Dr.  WoUaston,  by  eUtlng 
that  they  were  both,  though  **  loogo  in- 
tervallo,  educated  at  the  Charier  H<m»e,  a 
school  which  he  could  prove  by  nnouotiooa- 
ble  documents,  has  produced  witbin  the 
last  century  more  distinguished  Churchmen, 
Lawyers,  and  Statesmen,  in  proportion  to 
the  number  of  its  scholars,  than  any  other 
public  school  in  the  kingdom. 

Mr.  Cliristopher  Irwin,  of  Downend,  naar 
Bristol,  having  noticed  in  onr  July  Man- 
zine,  p.  2,  the  inquiries  of  W.  B.  reapectuig 
the  Irwins  of  Devonshire,  sends  the  fiMlowinx 
information  : — John  Irwin  (who  is  suppoeed 
to  be  the  eldest  son  of  Christopher  Inrin) 
who  removed  from  Scotland  into  Deroo- 
shire,  was  buried  March  5,  1768;  a  atone 
was  erected  to  his  memory  in  Kenlesbory 
Church  (near  Barnstaple),  bnt  in  the  re- 
pairs which  the  chureh  underwent  laat  sum- 
mer, it  is  lost.  His  wife  Mary  died  in 
1796,  aged  .93.  This  John  Irwin  had  three 
sons  and  one  daughter,  John,  William,  and 
Christopher.  Chrihtopher  (my  grandfather) 
died  Nov.  30,  1768.  William  Irwin,  the 
brother  of  John  Irwin,  sen.  died  Jan.  fil, 
1779,  aged  60;  and  Elizabctl)  his  wile, 
died  Dec.  7,  1773,  who  had  three  eont, 
John,  William,  and  Joseph. 

Errata. — Vol.  xcix.  ii.  p.  491,  b.  I.  40, 
fijr  Pt4)linus,  read  Ploiinus. — P.  493,  a.  last 
line,  fiir  communion,  read  connexion.— P. 
495,  a.  I.  33,  for  deemed  read  deem.— P. 
595,  b.  line  16  from  bottom,  ^br  compli- 
ment read  complement. — Ibid.  Pig.  !•  fifr 
34«§  read  20*>  57'.— P.  5:18,  last  line,  fir 
34®  30'  rsad  «0*  67'» 

Vol.  c.  i.  p.  90,  a.  1.  20,Jvr  1899  read 
1893;  p.  184,  b.l.  93,ybr  L898«  read  1899. 


THE 

GENTLEMAN'S     MAGAZINE. 


MARCH,    1830. 


OBZOnVAXi   COMMUmCATIONS. 

DBSCRimVK   ACCOUNT  oF  MAODBBURO. 

Mr.  Urbav,  of  the  north  aiile,  north  porch,  and 

AS  thecitT  of  Magdeburg  (a  trans-  west  end,  with  iu  towers,  whieh  are 

latioo  or  its  more  ancient  appella-  Gothic)  promiscuously  of  those  two 

tion,    Parthenopolif)  does    not  come  styles    of  architecture  which,   when 

within  the  course  ^nerally  pursued  by  found  in  this  country,  have  been  lately 

Enf^lish  travellers  m  Saxony,  the  fo(-  denominated  Norman  and  Early  Eng- 

lowing  account  of  it,  imperfect  as  it  is,  lish.     The   profusion   of   ornaments, 

may  not  be  entirely  unacceptable  to  chiefly  foliage,  lavished   all  over  the 

some  of  your  readers;  more  es))ecially  as  interior,  is  truly  astonishing;  and  the 

it  has  now  been,  for  several  ages,  one  execution  of  it  is  beyond  measure  de« 

of  the  most  important  places  in  that  licate.    The  greatest  display  of  sculp* 


beauty,  and  the  number  of  its  churches,  statues  of  saints,  which  are  in  them- 

and  remarkable  for  the  great  strength  selves  sufficient  proofs  of  the  very  great 

of  its  fortifications.    The  form  of  it  is  ability  of  the  artists  employed  upon  the 

nearly  that  of  a  circle,  whose  diameter  buildmg.    To  the  south  side  of  the 

is  about  an  English  mile.    The  prin-  church    is   attached    a    quadrangular 

cipal  part  is  on  the  western  bank  of  cloister,  chiefly  in  the  Norman  style 

the  Elbe ;  there  are  also  a  suburb,  with  of  architecture,  in  which  are  several 

the  citadel,  on  the  eastern,  and  a  few  monuments  to  former  dignitaries  of  the 

small  streets,  on  an  island,  united  to  see.     In  a  chapel,  to  the  south  of  the 

both  by  bridffes.  The  fortifications  are  choir,  is  a  small  altar-tomb  of  white 

kept  in  excellent  order  i  and  the  glacis,  stone,  to  the  memory  of  the  Empress 

being  generally  planted  with  trees  and  Edith  above-named,  with  a  represcn* 

shrubs,  makes  tne  immediate  neigh-  tation  of  her  upon  the  top  or  it,  of 

bourhood  of  the  town  extremely  agree-  which,  though  much  mutilated,  enough 

able.  remains  to  give  the  specutor  an  idea  of 

It  seems  to  have  arrived  at  its  hiahest  iu  having  been  a  faithful  portrait,  and 

gMnt  of  eminence  in  the  reign  of  the  of  one  to  whom  had  been  allotted  no 

mperor  Otho  the  Great,  who  in  the  common   share  of   personal   charms, 

year  930,  at  the  desire  of  his  Empress  On  the  margin  of  the  tablet,  on  which 

Edith  (accordinf(  to  Speed,  a  dauahier  the  figure  reposes,  is  the  following  in* 

of  omr  Saxon  kins  Edward  the  Elder)  scription,  which  remains  uninjured : 

built  the  cathedral  church  in  honour  "  dive  .  rxginb  .  ro^nor"  .  bdit  . 

of  St.  Maurice,  and  transferred  thither  anolib  .  rbois  .  bdmVoi  .  filib  .  uic 

one  of  the  ten  bishops'  sees  established  ess  a  .  ccTdv'^tvr  .  cvivs .  rbligiosi  . 

hy  his  ancestor  Charlemagne,  when  he  amoris  .  imptlsv  .  hoc  .  tx^plV  . 

had  completed  the  conouest  of  Saxony,  ab  .  othokb  .^maovo  .  Divo  .  cab- 

lliis  church  is  (with  tne  exception  of  sarb  .  fv'datv*  .  est  .  obiit  .  a^jio  . 

the  screen  to  the  choir,  the  windows  christi  .  Dcccc  .  xlvii."  *  f 

*  S«venl  of  the  Ittten  of  this  iatcriptioii  (aeoordiog  to  a  praettce  which  wts  oommon 
io  tlie  decline  of  the  Roman  empire,  mod  which  was  imitated  by  those  who  had  adopted,  In 
a  degraded  form,  Ronao  arts  aad  literature)  are  placed  (io  sroalh  within  the  preceding 
letter,  aa  I  within  D,  in  the  word  "  DIV£,'  &c.  The  mention  of  an  ejffigy  on  the  tombt 
aiHl  the  figures  io  Goikic  niches  placed  round  ity  indicate  that  the  tomb  must  have  been 
erected  at  a  period  much  posterior  lo  the  death  of  Edith.    As  to  the  iascription  round  the 


196  JccouiU  of  Magdehurg.  [ftfarcb« 

The  tides  of  the  tomb  are  occupied  burnt  in  1631  •  doriog  the  thirty  jcars* 

by  Gothic  niches,  which  have  small  war,  are  Su  U]rica*Sy  St.  John's,   St. 

statues  in  them;   and  the  north  end  Catherine's, SuJames^Su Sebastian's, 

has  a  representation  of  some  part  of  Sl  Nicholas's^  St.  Peter's,  the  Walloa 

the  legend  of  St.  Elizabeth.  The  south  Chorcb,  and  that  of  the  Holy  Ghost. 

end,  from  the  position  of  the  mono-  These  are  uniformly  in  the  same  style 

ment,  is  invisible.  of  Gothic  architecture,  which  has  beea 

At  the  west  end  of  the  church  there  designated  perpend icolar  Engliih.     It 

is  also  another  altar- tomb,  very  large,  should,  howerer,  be  obsenreo,  that  the 

and    of   bronze,  to    the    memory  of  four  firstrnamed  have  each  two  lofty 

Ernest,  a  bishop  of  the  see,  who  died  square  towers  at  their  western  ends  ; 

in  the  early  part  of  the  sixteenth  cen-  those  of  St.  John's  being  in  the  Nor- 

tory,  but  by  whose  order  it  was  cast  at  man  style,  having  apparently,  with  the 

the  latter  end  of  the  fifteenth.    Upon  areater  part  of  the  cathedral  and  Sl 

it  lies  a  figure  of  him,  in  the  episcopal  Marv*s,  escaped  the  otherwise  giencral 

robes  and  mitre,  with  a  richly-worked  conflag^tion.     St.  Mary's   is   of    an 

Gothic  canopy  above  the  head,  having  earlier  order  of  architecture  than  the 

the  crosier  in  one  hand  and  a  staff  in  cathedral,  and  is,  to  all  appearance, 

the  other.     At  the  angles  are  the  em-  the  roost  ancient  edifice  in  the  citT.  Il 

blems  of  the  four  Evangelists,  with  the  is  built  of  red  brick,  and  is  siggplar  at 

exception  of  that  of  Sl  John,  which  having  two  round  towers  at  its  west 

was  destroyed  by  the  Freneh,  when  end.    The  nave  is  flanked  t^  nine 

they  took   the  town,  under  Marshal  plain  semicircular  arches,  resting  opoa 

Ney.    The  sides  and  ends  are  com-  massy  square  pillars,   the  capitals  of 

posed  of  Gothic  niches,  in  which  are  which    are  generally  engraved  with 

statues  of  the  apostles  and  other  saints.  Arabesque  work :  from  thence  apwarda 

Behind  the  choir  are  two   slabs  of  the  building  seems  to  be  of  later  date, 

bronze,  with  figures  of  bishofis  upon  other  arches  having  been  erected  onon 

them,  in  relief;  one  of  Frederic,  who  them  in  the  early  English  s^le.    The 

died  in  the  twelfth  century ;  and  the  transepts  and  chancel  are  sifluiar  to  the 

othei^— which  is  extremely  beautiful,  nave.    The  windows  to  the  aialea  are 

and   has  the  two  first  fingers  of  the  merely  narrow  highly  chamfered  opciv- 

light  hand  elevated,  as  in  the  act  of  ings,  with  semicircular  heads, 
giving  the  benediction — of  Albert,  who         The  square,  of  which  the  cathedral 

died  m  the  tenth.    Possibly  this  last  forms  one  side,  is  planted  with  tree^ 

may  be  to  the  memory  of  that  prelate,  and  has  upon  it  the  ropl  p^ace,  pa* 

mentioned  by  the  Noremburg  Chro«  laces  for  the  superiora  of  tiie  cbnicb, 

nicle  as    the  first  of  the  see.     The  a  building  for  the  administration  of  the 

church  is  at  present  under  repair,. so  aflbirs  of  the  province,  and  a  laige 

that  two  monuments  are  boarded  op,  newly-erected    barrack    for   anillery. 

to  secure  them  from  injury.    It  does  The  number  of  military  now  stalioQed 

not,   however,  appjcar  tliat  either  of  here  is  about  4000,  chiefly  consisting 

these  is  that  for  which  it  was  formerly  of  artillery  and  infantry;  and  there  are 

famous— of  Otho  himself.    I  suppose,  extensive  barracks  for  then  under  the 

therefore,  it  perished  by  the  hands  of  the  western  ramparts,  besides  the  qnarteia  in 

French.    There  was  once  here  a  large  the  ciudel  and  those  above-mentioned. 

collection  of  reliques,  and,  amongst  In  the  market-place,  in  front  of  the 

them,  one  of  the  water-pou,  the  con-  town-house,  is  a  small  equestrian  statoe 

tents  of  which  were  changed  into  wine  of  the  Emperor  Otho  the  Great,  opoo 

by  our  Saviour,  at  the  marriage-feast  of  a  lofty  pedestal  and    under  a   stone 

Cans  in  Galilee;  but  these  have  dis-  canopy,  with  those  of  his  two  wives, 

appeared  since  the  introduction  of  Lu-  Ediin  and  Adelaide, 
theranism  into  the  country.  There  are        From  the  easy  communication  by 

ten  other  churches  besides  the  cathe-  the  Elbe  with  Hamburg,  this  bat 

dral  (  one  only  of  which,  Sl  Mary's,  now  become  a  very  busthng  commer- 

belongs  to  those  of  the  Roman  Catholic  cial  town,  and  the  handsome  quays  to 

persuasion.    The  remaining  nine,  all  the  river  have  very  large  warehouses 

probably  rebuilt  since  the  town  was  upon  them.    There  are  manufactories 

— — ^ t 

▼erge  of  the  tablet,  we  cannot  judge,  withont  oenlar  intpeccion,  whether  the  tablet  be  the 
sime  which,  at  a  simple  flat  stone,  might  have  on^nmWy  covered  the  £ropren*t  tomb :  cr 
whether  the  whole  has  been  renewed,  and  a  more  aacieot  inseriptien  imitated.— Eorr. 


1830.] 


Th$  dintcm  Family. 


IW 


for  difimnl  trtidet  of  doihing ;  but 
that  for  which  the  place  it  particularly 
eroinenty  it  a  tubttitate  for  cofllce  from 
the  root  of  the  wild  toccory  (Ciehoriam 
lotybat),  a  plant  to  be  foand  on  watte 
grouDd  every  where  in  thit  country, 
and  eatiW  recognised  in  tammer  and 
autumn  oy  itt  beautiful  blue  flower. 
In  a  ttate  of  cultivation  the  roott  grow 
very  large  and  flethy ;  and  the  prepara- 
tion of  them,  when  oted  in  combina- 
tion with  the  coffee  ittelf,  it  taid  to 
add  very  much  to  the  agreeablenets  of 
iu  flavour.  X.  Y.  Z. 


Mr.  Urban,         Osjord,  Feb.  l6. 

YOUR  Antiquarian  Corretpondent, 
Mr.  Fot broke,  in  p.  31,  complaint 
of  certain  difficultiet  which  he  findt 
concern  ins  one  Reynold  de  Clinton, 
mentioned  in  Hatted't  "  History  of 
Kent,"  vol.  iv.  p.  3(>7*  Hatted,  How- 
ever, had  in  tome  degree  corrected  hit 
own  error,  by  taying  "  Reynold,  or 
more  probably  William  Lord  Clinton." 
There  wat  a  Reginald  or  Reynold  de 
Sandwich,  of  tome  eminence,  con- 
nected with  the  history  of  thit  town, 
in  conjimetioo  with  some  of  the  Clin- 
ton family ;  which  probably  led  to  thit 
misapplication  of  the  Christian  name : 
but  the  great  benefactor  to  the  Houteof 
the  Carmelite  Friart  at  Sandwich,  wat 
certainly  William  Lord  Clinton.  The 
date  of  hit  benefaction,  neverthelctt, 
was  not  the  twentieth  of  Edward  I., 
but  the  tenth  of  Edward  HL  There 
were,  iodeedy  tome  grantt  to  the  Priory, 
conBrmed  by  letiert  patent  of  the  eighth 
and  thirty-murth  of  Edward  L;  but 
theae,  it  it  pretumed,  were  inferior  be- 
nefactions, though  the  very  ezitteoee 
of  them  it  tuflicieot  to  account  for  thit 
variety  and  ooofutioo  of  datet  and 
namet.  Hatted*t  "  Hittory"  it  truly 
characterited  by  Mr.  Fotbroke  at  "  va- 
luable;*' but  in  the  pretent  inttance, 
whatever  relaiet  to  the  Priory  at  Sand- 
wich, Hatted  copied  from  Boyt,  the 
bittorian  of  the  town.  Boyt  copied 
from  Tanner  I  Tanner  from  Weever; 
Weever  from  Bale,  Ldand,  See.  The 
most  valoable  and  isteretting  part 
of  <<  The  Hittory  of  Sandwich,"  by 
Boys,  it  eatracted  from  the  town- 
recofdt,  many  of  which  are  now  lott, 
not  entirely  it  is  to  be  hoped,  from 
the  unwortny  caute  oMntioncd  by  Mr. 
Garret,  the  town-clerk— that  antiqua- 
riet  liave  b^rrwced  them,  and  nave 
forgotten  to  return  them.    Thit  it  a 


terioot  aceniatioii,  which  all  true  aft- 
tiquariet  are  bound  to  repel  i  and  Mr. 
Gariet  should  be  called  upon  eitlier  to 
substantiate  the  charge,  or  retract  it. 
They  might  probably  have  been  used 
by  Boys,  and  not  replaced. 

Mr.  Fotbroke  is  uot  quite  correct  in 
stating  that  friaries  haa  no  territorial 
endowments,  though  such  endowments 
were  rare,  particularly  in  the  early 
history  of  such  establishments.  The 
Dominicans,  or  Black  Friars,  are  said 
to  have  come  into  England  in  1921 1 
the  Franciscans,  or  Grey  Friart,  in  1 224  ; 
the  Carmelites,  or  White  Friars,  about 
1240.  The  latter  were  to  far  from 
being  popular  at  first,  that  in  the  forty- 
teventn  of  Henry  III.  about  three-and 
twenty  yeart  after  their  lirtt  introduc- 
tion, we  find  a  writ  from  the  Crown 
for  arresting  all  vagabond  Carmelites. 
Hence,  by  decreet,  arote  their  fixed 
habitations,  with  occasional  endow- 
ments, some  of  which  were  considera- 
ble, as  this  at  Sandwich.  Henry  V. 
it  taid  to  have  taken  up  hit  abode 
with  this  fraternity,  in  the  year  14l6, 
before  he  embarked  for  Calais ;  a  pre- 
sumptive proof  of  their  opulence  and 
importance. 

The  Bernardines  were  only  a  re- 
formed branch  of  Friart,  brought  into 
England  so  late  as  1452,  whose  most 
sumptuous  foundation  was  in  Oxford, 
from  the  munificence  of  Archbishop 
Chicheley,  part  of  whose  establishment 
may  still  be  seen  in  the  outer  quadran- 
gle of  St.  John's  Collure. 

To  return  to  the  (Jlinton  femtly,  I 
am  quite  tatisfied  that  there  was  no 
William  Lord  Clinton  in  the  time  of 
Edward  L  though  there  were  many 
eoDateral  brancoet  of  the  family  of 
that  name,  both  before  and  afW  that 
period;  and  the  6rtt  William  Lord 
Clinton  wat  created  Earl  of  Hunting- 
don in  the  fourteenth  century,  and  not 
so  late  as  the  period  of  Henry  IV.  and 
Edward  IV.  at  tUtoB  by  Mr.  Fotbroke* 
L  e  in  the  fifteenth  century.  Tkete 
particolart  are  of  importance,  as  eoiv 
nected  with  the  hittory  of  an  illottriout 
family;  aiKl  at  your  Aepotitory,  Mr. 
Urban,  it  remarkable  for  itt  genealogi- 
cal at  well  as  other  treaanret  of  ai^ 
tiquity,  I  have  trantmitted  thetc  notices 
for  iotertioo  in  your  pa^.  Mr. 
Fotbroke  himtelf,  on  examination  of 
Dogdale  and  other  aothoritiet,  will  tee 
elearly  the  real  ttale  of  the  eate,  and 
will  be  the  firtt  to  correct  any  mistake. 

J.I. 


198 


Walk  through  </ie  Highlands. 


[Marcby 


Walk  through  ths  Highlands. 

{Continued  from  page  1S8.) 

IMMEDIATELY  on  quiuingDum- 
bartou,  we  crossed  the  Leven,  and, 
according  to  some,  entered  on  the 
Highlands.  Generally  speaking,  how- 
ever, they  are  said  to  commence  at 
Loss.  Soon  after  this  we  passed  the 
monument,  by  the  road  side,  erected 
to  the  memory  of  Dr.  Smollett,  and 
were  within  view  of  the  family  man- 
sion. I  do  not  recollect  that  there  is 
any  thing  particularly  elegant  in  this 
monument,  neither  is  the  situation  of 
it  happy,  except  in  as  far  as  regards 
publicity.  The  roads  here  are  un- 
commonly good,  and  the  neighbour- 
hood populous,  with  several  bleach- 
fields. 

At  this  spot  we  were  joined  by  a 
dirty  and  right  villanous-looking  fel- 
low, with  a  pack  at  his  back,  who 
seemed  determined  to  favour  us  with  his 
company.  At  first  we  were  shy;  but  he 
persevered,  and,  in  the  end,  we  gained 
from  him  some  nsefol  information.  He 
was  a  Highlander,  and  had  a  perfect 
knowledge  of  the  whole  country  and 
Its  inhabitants,  in  high  or  low  land. 
He  had  travelled  repeatedly  over  the 
borders,  and  been  as  iar  south  as  York. 
Finally,  it  appeared  that  he  was  a 
whiskey  smuggler,  and  with  this  de- 
lightful beverage  he  travels  all  over 
Scotland.  If  this  is  found  upon  him 
by  the  government-officers, 

*'  Thae  curst  horse-leeches  o'  th*  Excise, 
Wha  mak  the  wbitkey-itills  their  prize," 

he  is  instantly  deprived  of  his  whole 
cargo.  But  this  is  the  only  punish- 
ment ;  "  for  as  yet,"  says  he,  *'  there  is 
BO  transporting  in  our  country."  He 
now  spoke  English  well,  although  at 
the  ase  of  twenty-five,  he  said  he  was 
unable  to  utter  a  word  of  that  lan- 
guage. 

The  first  view  which  we  had  ■  of 
Loch  Loinond  was  infinitely  more 
bcAutiful  than  I  have  words  to  express. 
The  day  was  fine,  and  very  warm, 
though  not  without  a  refreshing  breeze. 
The  waves  of  the  Lake  rolled  stilly  and 
placidly  to  the  shore,  reflecting,  in  the 
most  vivid  manner,  heaven's  blue  con- 
cave. We  had  a  view  of  several  of 
the  Islands,  clad  in  the  freshest  ver- 
dure; of  the  house  of  Cameron,  most 
romantically  situated  on  the  water's 
edge,  yet  "  bosomed  high  in  tufted 
trees;*'  and  of  Ben  Lomond,  at  the 
further  extremity  of  the  Lake.  At  the 
spot  where  we  rested,  the  wild  flowers 
from  the  hedges  dispensed  the  most 


grateful  fragrance;  and,  altogether,  I 
^It  the  scene  highly  exhilarating; 
Here,  too,  the  sides  ot  the  road  were 
adorned  with  foxglove  in  great  abun- 
dance, and  in  full  bloom,  with  varioos 
other  flowers,  which,  without  being 
rare,  were  notwithstanding  beautifuL 

"  The  droopinc  Ash,  and  Birch,  betvrceDt 
Hang  their  nir  tresses  o'er  the  giecoy 
And  all  beneath,  at  random  grow 
Each  coppice  dwarf  of  varied  tbow. 
Or  round  the  stemt  profusely  t«riiied» 
Fling  summer  odours  on  the  wind." 

Before  parting,  our  Highbnder  told 
us,  that  in  the  Loch  were  as  many  at 
thirty  islands,  on  one  of  which,  be- 
longing, I  think,  to  the  Duke  of  Mon- 
trose, there  were  deer.  He  also  pointed 
out  to  us  Inch  Murren,  on  which,  he 
informed  us,  there  is  an  asylum  for  the 
**  daft  people.'*  He  moreover  lold  us 
that  the  water,  within  a  certain  number 
of  years,  had  encroached  considerably 
on  the  land ;  and,  at  some  distance  in 
the  Lake,  pointed  out  to  ut  a  spot 
where  there  was  formerly  a  church, 
parts  of  which  are,  ai  times,  still 
visible. 

The  Islands  of  Loch  Lomond  are 
supposed  to  form  part  of  the  Grampian 
chain,  which  termiiuttes  here  on  the 
west.  The  depth  of  this  Lake,  on  the 
south,  is  not  above  twenty  fathoms  | 
but  the  northern  Creek,  near  the  bot- 
tom of  Ben  Lomond,  is  from  sixty  to 
eighty  fathoms.  Pennant  makes  its 
length  twenty-four  Scotch  miles;  its 
greatest  breadth,  eight  miles. 

We  arrived  at  LjSm  about  four ;  and, 
because  we  wished  to  be  at  the  foot  of 
Ben  Lomond,  ready  to  start  for  iu 
summit  in  the  morning,  procured  a 
boat  to  cross  to  Rowerdenan,  a  solitanr 
house,  which  we  reached  about  hafi* 
past  seven.  The  mountain  looked  mora 
frowninglv  than  ever,  still  thicker  mists 
majestically  sailing  along  its  sides ;  and 
it  appeared  that  we  had  little  chance 
of  a  fine  day  for  our  ascent  on  the 
morrow.  The  mist  had  the  appearance 
of  vast  columns  of  steam ;  and,  on 
some  parts,  it  seemed  to  hang  suspend- 
ed like  a  water-spout.  Altogether  the 
phenomenon,  to  an  inexperienced  cfe, 
was  very  striking,  and  right  melancholy, 
and  I  already  fancied  myself  in  toe 
land  of  heroes,  listening  to  the  songs  of 
other  limes. 

We  had  thought  Loss  miserable, 
and  we  scarcely  found  ourselves  better 
off  here.  We  requested  some  tea,  that 
soother  of  all  sorrows,  and  retired  to 
bed.  My  room  at  the  time  was  under 
the  hands  of  the  masons,  and  covered 


1830.1 


WM  ihraugh  ih€  H'^hiands. 


wiih  splathcf  of  white- wash,  and  of  the 
most  iu»aflerable  closeness.  '*  There 
was  the  most  Yillanous  compoand  of 
rank  smells  that  ever  offended  nostril.** 
'*  He  that  would  have  his  window 
open/*  says  Johnson,  **  must  hold  it 
with  his  hand,  unless  (what  may  some* 
times  be  found  amongst  good  con- 
trJTers)  there  be  a  nail,  whieh  he  mav 
stick  into  a  hole  to  keep  it  from  falling/' 
Here,  howcTcr,  there  was  no  nail,  and 
I  was  under  the  necessity  of  propping 
the  window  open  with  my  knapsack, 
which,  in  the  morning,  I  found  sa- 
turated with  the  dews  of  hearen.  At 
Dumbarton  I  had  Chinit  hangings. 
At  Rowerdenan  I  had  none.  What 
would  be  the  pleasure  of  travelling, 
were  it  not  for  mmV/y, 

*'  the  very  soice  of  life. 
Which  gWcs  it  all  iu  fbvoor  ?" 

The  morning  of  Thursday,  the  1  Ith, 
had  a  still  more  unpropttions  appear- 
ance. Thick  and  impenetrable  clouds 
had  gathered  on  the  nead  of  Ben  Lo- 
mond, and  the  wind  howled  mostpoe/i- 
cally.  Strolling  into  the  woods,  which 
are  here  very  extensive,  and  covered 
with  the  most  beautiful  heaths,  we  re- 
enjoyed  a  view  of  the  Lake.  On  our 
return  along  its  shores,  we  observed 
two  boats  making  for  our  hoiei;  the 
one  containing  a  sentleman  and  two 
ladies,  the  other  tneir  carriage.  We 
rejoiced  at  the  sight,  thinking  that,  if 
they  were  companionable  souls,  they 
would  serve  to  dissipate  the  solitade  of 
Rowerdenan.  In  this  we  were  not 
disappointed.  Having  commenced  an 
acmiainunce,  we  found  that  the  ladies 
had  crosaed  the  Lake,  like  ourselves, 
with  a  view  of  ascendint^  Ben  Lomond. 
The  gentleman  had  performed  this  feat 
before,  and  had  no  with  to  repeat  the 
experiment.  We  were  therefore  to  be 
the  ladies'  conductors,  and  we  com- 
menced our  ascent  about  mid-day. 
One  of  the  ladies  was  placed  on  an 
old  and  steady  gray  charger,  well-used 
to  the  rocky  and  uneven  road  over 
which  he  was  to  past;  and  his  rider 
seemed  to  proceed  without  much  ap- 
prehension. The  rest  of  the  party 
walked.  Having  ascended  somewhat 
nmre  than  a  mile,  we  had  a  tolerable 
view  of  the  Lake  and  its  Islands. 
Shortly  after  this  it  began  to  rain,  and 
every  object  was  suddenly  snatched 
from  our  view.  At  length,  after  an 
hour's  march,  we  were  completely  en- 
velo|>ed  in  the  thick  mists  hovering 
near  the  summit,  and  very  speedily 
wet  through.  We  fiaascd  several  mo- 
rasses or  springs  on  the  side  of  the 


199 

mountain,  when  we  were  frequently 
ankle-deep  in  the  mire,  or  in  the  gnu 
ters  made  by  the  torrenu,  and  often 
concealed  by  rushes  and  long  grass. 
We  bad  thus  not  only  to  encounter 
wet  and  din,  but  some  danger.  The 
day  was,  in  fact,  most  miserable ;  yet 
we  determined  not  to  return  till  we 
had  gained  the  summit.  At  the  last 
suge,  we  left  the  old  horse,  took 
some  refreshment,  and  proceeded.  Our 
clothes  were,  at  this  time,  on  the  side 
from  which  the  wind  blew,  completely 
covered  with  a  hoar  frost,  and  it  was 
intensely  cold ;  yet  we  heeded  it  not, 
but  arrived  at  the  hishest  point  in 
safety.  Storms  and  thick  darkness  sur- 
rounded us  on  all  sides.  We  bent 
over  the  well-known  precipice,  but 
could  only  behold  the  thick  mist  sail- 
ing below  us.  The  sight,  notwith- 
sunding,  was  really  grand,  and  the 
gulf  below  horrible. 

After  resting  a  sufficient  time  on  the 
summit,  and  congratulating  ourselves 
upon  attaining  it,  we  prepared  to  de- 
scend, and  came  down  right  merrily 
till  we  observed  our  guide  to  waver; 
and,  long  before  he  confessed  it,  we 
felt  ceruin  that  he  had  missed  his  way. 
At  length  he  was  obliged  to  stop  and 
reconnoitre.  We  could  see  but  a  very 
few  yards  before  us,  and  our  situation 
was  any  thing  but  agreeable.  We 
wandered  altogether  at  random  for  a 
very  considerable  time,  and  in  a  direc- 
tion, as  it  appeared  to  me,  quite  dif- 
ferent from  that  by  which  we  had 
ascended.  We  did  not,  however,  think 
it  expedient  to  interfere  with  our  guide, 
who  yet  seemed  very  ready  to  take  any 
advice.  At  length  we  came  to  a  moun- 
tain-stream, and  followed  its  course 
downwards.  The  walking,  for  track 
there  was  none,  was  now  really  fright- 
ful. At  one  moment  we  were  in  a 
morass,  the  next  enungled  in  the 
heath  ;  and  though  we  fought  our  way 
with  much  resolution,  yet  were  we  by 
no  means  sorry  when  we  got  a  sight  of 
the  Lake,  and  finally  of  our  inn. 

The  height  of  Ben  Lomond  is  com- 
monly stated  to  be  3,86f  feet  above 
the  level  of  the  sea,  and  it  is  said  to 
be  composed  chiefly  of  gneiss,  though, 
in  its  neighbourhood,  micaceous  schis- 
tus  is  very  abundant.  "  Ftarmagans,'* 
sajTs  Gilnin, "  are  fonnd  on  the  summit, 
and  roebocks  in  the  lower  regions.'* 

On  Friday,  the  I2ih,  we  crossed 
the  Lake  to  Invernglass  Ferry.  The 
bieadth  at  this  spot  is,  I  suppose,  not 
more  than  a  mile ;  yet,  when  we  were 
aboat  midway  over^  we  met  with  a 


wo 


Walk  through  the  Highlandi. 


[Marcby 


coDtiderable  swell;  and  at  licpes  our 
guide  ID  formed  us,  ihe  navigatioD  was 
very  hazardous,  owing  to  the  squalls, 
or  sudden  goats  of  wind,  from  the 
mououios.  The  water  was  beautifully 
clear,  and  transparent  to  a  very  con- 
siderable depth. 

From  Invcrn^lass  Ferry  the  road 
was  excellent,  wmding  along  the  bor- 
ders of  the  Lake,  and  partly  cot  oui  of 
the  huge  masses  of  overhanging  rock, 
not  without  an  immense  expenditure 
of  labour  and  money.  By  the  side  of 
the  road  we  did  not  fail  to  observe, 

<<  Coptou  of  flowers,  the  woodbifie  pale 
and  vrsD, 

Bat  wfill  compenMtiog  ber  sickly  looks 

With  never-cloying  odoart." 
Few,  however,  were  the  passengers  to 
enjoy  its  fragrance.  I  believe,  on  this 
day,  we  had  it  all  to  ourselves.  I  do 
not  recollect  encountering  even  a  shep- 
herd or  his  dog.  The  admirable  sute  of 
the  roads  in  these  solitary  wilds  at  first 
surprised  us  coosiderabfy ;  but,  when 
ooce  made,  they  are  indestructible. 

Between  one  and  two  we  arrived  at 
Arroquar  Inn,  a  house  standing  alone 
at  the  head  of  Loch  Long,  and  sur- 
rounded bv  a  thick  and  gloomy  grove 
of  pines.  It  has  greatly  the  appearance 
of  the  abode  of  a  Highland  cbiefuin ; 
and  on  entering  the  house,  I  think 
we  learnt  that  it  had  actually  been  the 
residence  of  a  Highland  family,  and 
not  very  long  relinquished.  The  rooms 
were  large  and  gloomy,  the  furniture 
of  every  description  corresponding ;  the 
wainscoting  oif  oak ;  the  tables,  win- 
dows, and  fire-place,  truly  baronial. 
After  a  sufficient  rest,  we  proceeded. 

It  now  occurred  to  us  very  forcibly 
that  we  %vere  in  the  Highlands.  The 
hills,  the  roads,  the  lakes,  were  such 
as  we  had  anticipated.  A  few  misera- 
ble firs,  here  and  there,  served  to  point 
out  the  abode  of  man ;  or,  perhaps,  a 
solitary  and  half-blasted  pine  waved  its 
branches,  in  undisturbed  melancholy, 
over  some  tall  clitf.  Loch  Lonz,  by 
the  side  of  which  we  were  travelling, 
is  a  salt-water  lake,  dreary,  cold,  and 
comfortless ;  and  we  could  not  avoid 
contrasiing  its  shores  with  those  of  the 
beautiful  and  highly- favoured  Loch 
Lomond,  which  we  had  so  lately 
quittetl — the  latter  gently  rolling  its 
pellucid  waves  to  the  shore,  over  peb- 
bles without  a  weed,  and  hidins  them 
under  its  banks,  fring^  with  alder  and 
hazles — the  former,  disturbed,  salt,  and 
boisterous— iu  shores,  from  the  filthy 
and  collected  sea- weed,  resembling  the 
sweepings  of  the  Augcdu  stable. 


Hastening  our  steps,  we  toon  arrived 
at  Glen  Croe.  We  had  thought  Loch 
Long  horrible,  but  this  spot  far  sur- 
passed iL  Besides,  .it  was  now  raining 
very  hard.  The  swollen  streams  were 
continually  crossing  the  road,  and  were 
at  first  vexatious,  because  they  prevent- 
ed us  looking  for  stepping-stones.  At 
length  they  became  so  namerons,  that 
we  walked  through  them  without  fur- 
ther trouble. 

The  road  was  here  aocommonly 
steep,  almost  overhang  by  the  huge 
mouDUin-masses  bounding  its  sides, 
and  we  now  seemed  altogether  ex- 
cluded from  the  haunts  ot  men.  A 
dismal  rivulet  foamed  by  tbe  side  of 
the  road,  into  which  hastened  nom- 
berless  mountain-streams*  causing  a 
noise  of  many  waters.  A  few  wan- 
dering sheep  were  sdUtered  Ofer  the 
sides  of  the  mounUio.  With  a  good 
road  under  our  feet*  in  Minuner,  and 
without  a  possibility  of  missins  oar 
way,  the  scene  was  tremendoni.  What, 
then,  must  it  have  been  in  older  limes* 
without  a  road,  and  amidu  the  dariL- 
ness  of  a  night  in  winter } 

At  length  we  reached  the  sammit 
of  the  hill,  and  arrived  at  Bcsl^nd-be 
thankful,  which  is  a  stone*  with  a 
suiuble  inscription,  placed  bv  the  sol- 
diers of  the  sbd  regiment,  by  whose 
labour  the  road  was  began  sind  finished. 
Here  we  at  last  rested  for  m  short 
space,  and  reviewed  the  toad  we  had 
passed.  We  appeared  to  have  arrived 
at  the  end  of  all  things ;  and  I  think 
my  friend  remarked,  that  the  adjoiniiiE 
rocks,  and  scenery  altogether*  appeared 
to  him  as  the  offiil,  or  rubbiah-aiaterials, 
thrown  aside  after  the  creation  of  bap- 
pier  parts  of  the  world — and  whico, 
stubborn,  unwedgsbic*  unmalleable^ 
must  ever  continue  to  frown  in  this 
their  primaeval  and  chaotic  slate— 
without  form  and  void. 

From  Rest-and-be-thankfnl  nothtna 
auracted  our  attention  till  we  arrived 
at  Ardkinglass,  a  eood  hoote  on  the 
left,  immediately  before  enfeertn^Caim- 
dow  ;  the  end  of  oor  peregrinations  Ibr 
the  day.  As  we  passed,  it  appeared  lo 
us  very  snug  and  comfortable*  for  it 
was  in  a  sheltered  sitoation*  snnounded 
by  policies  of  tolerable  jDOwlh.  We 
arrived  at  the  inn  at  Gurndoir*  on 
Loch  Fyne,  a  quarter  after  six*  wcL 
and  much  fatigued;  hut  we  fooni 
civility  aud  comfort,  and  what  more 
can  there  be  in  the  mansions  of  laivdi 
or  chicfuins  ? 

An  Oij>  Soucmbbb* 


1830.]  AlmskoHset  at  Milcham.— Author  of  Juniui.  SOI 

Mr.  Urban,  potsikiliCy  that  Jushit  ihouM  have  been  In 


coiiniy  of  Surrey,  lauW  creeled  and  ^S,,„„„;  ,  fi„j  there  Imve  been  teTefml 

endowed  by    ihe  munificence  of  MiM  ctrnflngwlions  of  bii  works:  one  on  March 

Taie,  -for  iweU-e   poor  women,   frpni  ,o,  1768 ;  alio  S«.|ii.  d,  1757  ;  proUbly  m- 

dcfiigoi  and  utidrr  llic  direclioii  of  Mr.  vemi  other  times  at  an  earlier  period.   •  The 

Buckler.    Ttwse  Alms- Houses  occupy  JSdhibuf|;h  KcTiew/  Nov.  I8i7,  telb  us, 

the  tilc  of  an  Ancient  mansion,  formerly  that  Fmnots  was    merely  a  clerk  in  the 

the  residence  of  the  Tate  fainify,  many  Foreign  Office  in  1756,  remained  uatil  1768« 

of  wbimi    are  buried    in   the   parish  when  he  went  with  Oeneral  Bligh,  as  se- 

churoh.  A  iiioniiinent«  beaulifnlly  ex-  cretary,  to  the  expedition  to  St.  Cae;  ne- 

ccuied  in  while  marble,  has  lately  been  w  landed  j    returned  home ;    in  En^snd 

erected  in  the  north  aisle  to  the  father  «»«'  '7(fl,  when  he  went  with  Lord  Kin- 

of  the  Ibundieu  of  these  Alms-  Houses,  J?"»^  V.^°'  ^  •" »  «;j°'-«*  ^"^"^ 

ui  tii«  Mi«H^.«^  ^, !„„.,„  ,  r  «»,:  October  of  the  same  year,  and  was  appointed 

Gcofge  Tate,  Esq.  a  gentleman  of  ami-  ^  ^  ^^^^^^  .^  ^J  War-Office  j  .rth«, 

able  and  acconiDhshed  manners.  admitting  Jnnius,  af^aimt  all  prolmbility. 

Yours,  &c.  ♦.  ^^  in  p„i,  in  Aug.  1 761 ,  it  h  evident  Frau- 

^    ■.  CIS  was  not  there,  being  tlien  in  Lisbon.'* 

Joiriui.S«PHiLipFRAKcis.BuRKE,  ^  Thc  dale  of  the  burning  of  the 

JoHll  HoRMB TooKE.  Jesuitical  books  at  Pans,in  Aug.  176I, 

..     ,•  rri  <i*   ^  r*  I   to  furnishes  a  most  decisive  fact  against 

Mn.Vm^AlK,         rhetfard. Feb.  13.  ^^^  ^^^.^^  „,^j^  j.^^  ^^^^^,  j.^,  ^n 

REFERRING  your  correspondent  reference  to  the  biography  of  Burke 

"  C.  S.  B."  to  your  Number  for  (which  I  have  not  at  hand),  I  think  it 

September,  IMTf  p.  283,  for  an  ac-  ^ill  appear  that  he  did  not  visit  Paris 

count  of  the  Imrning  of  the  Jesuitical  i\i\  1772. 

l)o<)ks  of  BuKmbaum  and   others  at         1  ^jh  take  the  present  opportnily  of 

Paris,  Aug.  7»  I7^ilf  I  beg  to  present  doin^  justice  to  the   memory  of  Sir 

you   with  an  extract  from   a  letter  •  phihp  Francis,  as  I  have  been  unin- 

which.  loon  after  the  insertion  of  that  tentionally  instrumental  in  pro|Mgating 

article  in  ^ar  Miscellany,  I  rcceifcd  gome  calumnious  and  false  statements 

from  my'friend  Mr.  George  Coventry ;  respecting  him.     In  p.  89  of  my  book 

the  aottaoTj  it  will  be  remembcn-d,  of  Thave  quoted  the  fdlowiiig  passage 

the  Euay  in  which  thc  claims  of  i«rd  f„in  Capt.  MedwinV"  Conversations 

George  SaekvlUe  were  very  ably  at-  with  Loid  Byron  :*' 
"^rted.                                          ^  «<<DoyoatbiBk(«kedI)  that  Sir  Waher 

<'  I  have  Bov  '  Tlie  Gentleman's  Map-  ScoU's  Norsls  owe  any  part  of  their  rtpuU- 

zioe  *  for  October  before  me.    ItsUtesthat  tioa  to  the  eonosalntat  of  the  autnor'a 

the  Jesniliosl  books,  twenty-four  in  namber,  hum  ? '    *  No,'  saki  Lord  Byraa,  <  soch 

w«*re  barat  by  the  common   hangman   In  works  do  not  esia  or  Jose  by  it.    I  am  at  a 

1*arii,  oB  Aug.  7,  1761.    The  question  is,  ]ou  to  know  his  reason  for  not  giving  np 

whethtr  this  eonflaeration  is  the  one  aHnded  the  ineognUo,  but  that  the  reigning  family 

to  by  Jaaiosy  nr  whether  it  was  one  of  an  could  not  have  beien  very  well  pleased  «ntn 

rarliar  Hate?     Tliat  it  cannot  be  the  one  Wavcrley*.    There  is  a  degree  of  CharU- 

alluded  to  by  Junius,  is,  I  think,  evident  tani^m  in  lomc  authors  keciiin^  up  the  un- 

from  the  ciraumslance  that  we  were  at  open  known.     Junius  owed  much  cf  his  fame  to 

hufttility  with  Fiance  at  tlie  trra  in  question  2  tliat  trick  ;  and  now  tlist  it  is  known  to  be 

su  tliat  it  would  lia*e  be*-'n  neat  to  an  im- 

~    iw_  ~         *  On  this  point  Lord  Byron's  sentiments, 

•  1  quote  it  frimi  the  Prefsce  ^  "  Th«  („  suted  bv  Capt.  Medwio,)  have  long  since 
C'lsims  of  Sir  Philip  Francis,  K.B.  to  tl\e  j,r„v»a  erroneous.  Some  of  Bynm's  alleged 
Aulhorshipof  Junius' Letters  di»pro*ed,  and  „5«rtions  on  the  subject,  particularly  re- 
some  Inqniry  into  the  Claifni  nf  thc  late  tj^ctin::  an  interview  between  his  i^>rdBhip 
diaries  Lloyd,  Esq.  to  the  (.(impositimi  of  ^j  Sir  Walter  Scott  in  iMumy*s  s»iop,  have 
them,  by  E.  H.  Baiktr."  I^nd.  1  !)28.— 1  |^„,  denied  by  the  Novelist,  in  his  late  Frc- 
*rniuretoaasursyourcorres|>oudent  tlwt,  if  f^^.  .nd  Byron's  ridiculous  notion,  that 
l.n  will  caainine  tliis  lMw«k,  lie  will  find  a  Waverley  gave  off,  iice  to  the  reigning  family, 
gieat  variety  of  new  rostlcr  on  ll»c  whole  f^^^^  ^\^^  „,^j  couiplctc  nfuUlioa  iu  the 
ipiffttion,  wiiliout  the  ftmallc&t  Lia»  lowaids  aeilicatii'n  of  th«  new  eJ.tiou  t<»  hi.  Ma- 
fcny  parixulai  u|Mr.ii>ii.  icaly.— JiJiT. 
li...NT.  Mai-.  .Vi.»i.  r,  133-.' 
t} 


SOS         Sir  Philip  Francis. — American  Essayists  on  Junius,         [Marchi 


the  work  of  Sir  Philip  Francis,  who  reads  it  ? 
A  political  writer,  and  one  who  descends  to 
personalities,  such  as  disgrace  Junius,  should 
be  immaculate  ss  a  public  as  well  as  a  private 
character ;  and  Sir  Philip  was  neither.  He 
had  his  price,  and  was  gagged  by  being  sent 
to  India*  He  there  seduced  another  man's 
wife.  It  would  have  been  a  new  case  for  a 
judge  to  sit  in  judgment  on  himself  in  a 
erim,  con.  It  seems  that  his  conjugal  felicity 
was  not  great ;  for,  when  his  wife  died,  he 
came  into  the  room  wliere  they  were  sitting 
up  with  the  corpse,  and  said,  <  Solder  her 
upy  solder  her  up !'  Ho  saw  his  daughter 
crying,  and  scolded  her,  saying,  <  An  old 
hig,  the.  ought  to  have  died  thirty  years 
ago  r  He  married,  shortly  after,  a  young 
woman.  He  hated  Hastings  to  a  violent 
degree.  All  he  hoped  and  prayed  for,  was 
to  outlive  him.  But  many  of  the  newspapers 
of  the  day  are  written  as  well  as  Junius.'  ' 

This  passage  was  extracted  into  va- 
rious periodicals  at  the  time  of  its  Brst 
appearance  in  Captain  Medwin's  book ; 
and  as  there  v^as  no  public  contradic- 
tion given  to  the  slanderous  statements, 
no  doubt,  in  many  quarters,  they  were 
regarded  as  true.  But  a  friend,  who  is 
acc^nainted  with  the  daughter  of  Sir 
Philip  Francis^  made  the  following 
communication  to  me,  which  I  am 
happy  to  make  public : — "  The  story,** 
she  says,  *'  is  an  infamous  falsehood ; 
that  she  was  with  her  mother  during 
her  last  illness,  and  remained  in  the 
house  subseouent  to  that  melancholy 
event,  and  that  her  father  never  con- 
ducted himself  with  the  monstrous 
impropriety,  never  uttered  the  barba- 
rous expressions  there  imputed  to  him  ; 
and  he  did  not  marry  again  for  seven 
years  after  the  occurrence  in  question. 
Air.  Francis  (the  son)  had  intended 
prosecuting  Captain  Medwin  and  his 
publishers ;  but  ill  health,  and  a  domes- 
tic misfortune  (the  loss  of  an  amiable 
and  beloved  wife)  have  prevented  his 
making  any  kind  of  exertion.*' 

It  may  be  interesting  to  some  of 
your  readers,  to  know  that  the  question 
about  the  authorship  of  "  Junius's 
Letters**  has  been  much  agitated  in 
America.  I  have  received  from  that 
distant  region  three  works  on  the  sub* 
ject,  of  which  the  titles  are : 

1.  **  Junius  Unmasked ;  or  Liord  George 
iackville  proved  to  be  Junius.  With  an 
Appendix,  showing  that  the  Author  of  the 
*  Letters  of  Junius'  was  also  the  Author  of 
«  The  History  of  the  Reign  of  George  III. ;' 
and  Author  of  *  The  North  Briton,'  ascribed 
to  Mr.  Wilkes.  Embellished  with  a  Print 
of  Sackville. — Movel  uma  rzom€M.**"Boston, 
1828.     13mo.  pp.  187. 


9.  ''  Memoirs  of  John  Home  Tooke, 
together  with  his  valuable  Speeches  and 
Writings.  Also  containing  Proo&,  identi- 
fying him  as  the  Author  of  the  celebrated 
*  Letters  of  Junius.'  By  John  H.  A.Graham, 
LLD. — JustituB  generisque  humani  adooca- 
tus," — New-York,  1828.     8vo.  pp.  942. 

3.  <*  The  Posthumous  Works  of  <  Jhnius ;' 
to  which  is  prefixed  an  Inoaiiy  respecting 
the  Author.  Also,  A  Sketcn  of  the  Life  of 
John  Home  Tooke.— iVbn  vuliutf  mm  color 
t<72u«."— New-York,  1899.     8vo.  pp.498. 

In  **  The  North  American  Retiew," 
No.  65,  Oct.  29,  1829,  there  ii  a  very 
long  article,  which  takes  for  iu  text 
the  first-mentioned  of  these  books, 
"Junius  Unmasked,"  and  in  which 
the  pretensions  of  Sir  Philip  Francis 
are  refuted  at  much  length,  and  those 
of  Lord  George  Sackville  are  enforced. 

My  intelligent  correspondent.  John 
Pickering,  Esq.  in  a  letter  dated  Boston, 
U.S.  Nov.  30, 1829,  writcito  me  thus : 

'*  I  perceive  a  work  on  '  Junins*  just 
announced  as  coming  out  this  winter, 
which  I  will  forward  to  yon.  This  is 
announced  with  some  pretensions,  as 
demonstrating  '  JaniiM*  to  bare  beea 
the  work  of  an  Engluh  Peer,  to  whom 
it  has  never  been  attributed/' 

Youn,  &c.     E.  H.  Barker. 


Mr.  Urban,   Summerlands^Exeier, 

PUBLIC  attention  is  beneficially 
elicited  to  lamentable  defects  in 
leading  Institutions,  by  attempts  to 
state  them,  and  to  suggest  remedies, 
or  some  alleviation  of  a  positive  and 
crying  evil,  through  the  channel  of 
widely-circulating  periodical  publica- 
tions. The  Court  of  Chancery, 
originally  intended  as  a  court  of  con- 
science and  equity,  to  soflen  and  tem- 
per the  asperities  of  common  liEiw, 
corresponded,  during  a  long  period, 
with  the  beneficent  design  of  its  in- 
siitution ;  but,  in  process  of  time,  an 
unfortunate  disposition  (o  litigation,  too 
generally  prevalent,  removed  to  a  court 
distinguished  by  the  fairness  of  iu  de- 
cisions so  vast  a  multiplicity  of  cases, 
as  to  exclude  all  possibility  of  the.  more 
early  or  speedy  determination.  In  this 
state  of  things  rules  and  forms,  un-i 
avoidably  of  a  tedious  and  vexatious 
description,  were  introduced,  ostensi- 
bly for  the  maintenance  of  due  order, 
method,  and  regularity,  but  very  de- 
structive of  the  properly  unfortunately 
involved.  A  just  and  slow  decision, 
on  a  comparatively  few  number  of  suits 


183a] 


Defecli  in  the  Court  of  Chancery^^^Remediet^ 


903 


long  in  abeyance,  affords  no  cootola- 
lion  to  the  muUiiudc  of  wretched 
suitors,  whose  properly  lying  in  Chan- 
cery, amounts  lo  between  ihtrty  and 
Joriu  miUiom  iierling.  It  is  but  loo 
well  known  that  numbers  of  families 
mid  individuals,  wliose  means  are  thus 
locked  up,  and  who  would  otherwise 
be  wealthy  and  independent,  are  re- 
duced lo  extreme  misery  and  suflfcriog, 
ill  utter  liopelessness  of  ever  emerging 
from  a  coiiaiiion  frequently  terminating 
in  insanity,  arising  from  excited  feel- 
ings of  despair.  Deeply  impressed 
with  a  just  sense  of  such  a^&gravatcd 
circumstances,  many  benevolent  and 
eminent  legal  characters  have,  at  va- 
rious limes,  brought  this  heart-rending 
subject  liefore  I^rliamcnt.  pro|)osing 
ameliorations  of  a  system  the  source  of 
so  much  solid  miu'rv. 

The  only  essential  improvement  in- 
troduced, was  that  of  appointing  an 
as$t$tant  judge  to  the  Lord  Chancellor. 
It  was  foreseen,  as  appears  to  be  the 
fact,  that  where  there  was  such  ac- 
cumulated evil  to  be  remedied,  this 
inadequate  assistance  could  have  but 
an  inconsiderable  effect.  The  measure, 
feeble  as  it  was,  sufficiently  evinced, 
however,  that  the  appointment  of  ad- 
ditional Chancery  Judges  was  the  pre- 
cise remedy  wanted ;  with,  also,  the 
abolition  of  useless  technicalities,  and 
modes  of  proceeding,  fully  proved  to 
be  good  for  nothing  more  than  to  pro- 
duce delay  and  an  unnecessary  increase 
of  expense.  It  then  clearly  appears, 
that  a  principle  has  been  practically 
admitted  and  established  for  obviatina, 
in  future,  a  national  reproach,  which 
has  existed,  is  prevalent  in  the  Court 
of  Chancery,  and  which  it  concerns 
the  public  credit  to  have  diminished. 
All  this  bein|;  unquestionable,  the 
mode  most  desirable  and  least  expen- 
sive for  efTecting  a  great  good,  and  re- 
moving an  intolerable  evil,  remains  to 
be  considered.  It  is  evident  that  all 
our  learned  and  excellent  Judges  are 
sufficiently  occnpied ;  and  he  must  be 
but  a  superficial  and  shallow  observer, 
who  has  not  noticed  the  zeal,  labour, 
and  ability  with  which  these  excellent 
men,  in  advanced  life,  discharge  their 
most  important  duties.  Our  learned 
Scrjeants-at-law  are  generally  men  of 
distinguished  talents,  who,  after  long 
practice  and  experience,become  Judges 
.IS  \acancicb  occur,  and  therefore  they 
.lie  adri|uate  lo  every  duly  required  on 
the  Iknch.     The   Augean  slalfc   re- 


quires to  be  cleansed;  or,  in  other 
words,  aii  the  cases  in  Chancery  ougki 
io  be  decided.  To  achieve  this,  let  six 
of  the  legal  Serjeants  best  calculated 
for  the  task  be,  with  an  adequate  al- 
lowance, nominated  to  act  as  Judges 
under  the  auspices  of  the  Lord  Chan- 
cellor. Probably  two  of  the  Exche- 
quer Judges,  who  have  least  to  do, 
might  be  conjoined.  Where  is  the 
allowance  to  these  temporary  Judges  to 
come  from?  In  favour  of  a  measure 
which  promises  the  only  chance  of 
recovering  their  property,  now  despe- 
rately situated,  the  much  to  be  pitied 
suitors  would  readily  acquiesce  in  hav- 
ing the  enormous  sum  in  Chancery 
assessed,  in  order  to  accomplish  the 
great  object  in  view.  This  once  ef- 
fected, the  temporary  Judges  will  be 
no  longer  reouisite,  and  in  future  all 
cases  will  be  decided  without  delay. 

I  write  very  imperfectly,  Mr.  Urban, 
on  an  interesting  subject,  and  with  a 
view  of  inducing  those  better  qualified 
to  propose  something  better,  in  a  case 
of  inr|is|)ensable  necessity,  and  impli- 
cating the  national  honour. 

The  philanthropic  investigations  of 
the  Solicitor-general  into  most  dis- 
tressing cases  of  unintended  severe 
sufTerings  in  prison,  and  the  Lord 
Chancellor's  humane  resolution  to  ob- 
viate such  in  future,  give  additional 
interest  and  force  to  wnat  cannot  fail 
to  arrest  the  attention  of  every  feeling 
mind.  John  Macdonalo. 


Mr.  Urbaw,  March  10. 

PERMIT  me  to  offer  a  few  observa- 
tions which  occurred  to  me  in 
reading  some  of  your  recent  numben. 
Yours,  &c.        E.  I.e. 

PETERCHURCH,   CO.   IIBREPORD. 

If  your  correspondent  Mr.  Sawyer, 
(in  your  last  volume,  page  4g6,)  had 
given  the  dimensions  of  Peterchurch, 
or  added  a  scale  to  the  plan,  he  would 
have  rendered  it  of  more  utility ;  and 
I  could  have  wished  your  correspon- 
dent had  minutely  described  the  ar- 
chitecture of  the  building,  which  I 
should  judge  from  the  place  to  lie  a 
structure  of  more  than  ordinary  inte- 
rest. The  portions  d  and  c  I  consider 
formed  the  first  church  ;  b  was  then 
added,  the  small  arch  between  b  and  c 
being  in  all  probability  the  original  en- 
trance. A,lhe  present  nave,  was  then  ap. 
peiided  to  the  structure ;   which,  if  1 


204 


Architectural  Remarks, 


[March, 


am  right  in  my  comectores,  must  war* 
rant  the  character  I  have  attributed  to 
it«  The  church  of  Eust  Ham  is  very 
similar*  ;  it  has  an  eastern  chancel  of  a 
semicircular  form,  then  a  second  chan- 
cel more  westward,  and  then  a  nave,  all 
ancient  and  in  the  circular  style  ;  and 
lastly,  a  tower  of  pointed  architecture. 
—The  existence  of  the  ancient  altar  is 
very  singular:  the  destruction  of  altars 
was  one  of  the  excesses  which  reflected 
little  credit  on  the  reformers  of  the 
church  in  the  l6th  century. 

WHAPLODB   CHURCH. 

The  device  mentioned  by  the  Rev.  G. 
Oliver,  (p.  59O)  as  existing  on  a  stone 
coffin  in  Whaplode  Church,  is  a  thun- 
derbolt^adeviceevidcntly  borrowed  from 
ihe  Romans  (vide  Gough,  In  trod,  to  3e- 
pul.MonumeutsinGreatBritain,vol.  I, 
plate  3).  The  devices  inscribed  on  the 
other  stones  are  probably  incipient  he- 
raldic ordinaries,  which,  with  the  va- 
l^ieus  crosses  found  on  the  grave-stones 
of  ecclesiastics,  (the  Whaplode  speci- 
mens appertaining,  I  consider,  to  lay- 
men) were  matured  into  a  science  by 
the  heralds,  at  a  subsequent  period. 

HEXHAM    CHURCH. 

Hexhamensis  (page  1 7  of  your  pre- 
sent Volume,)  asks,  *'  could  not  (a 
brief)  be  adopted  at  present  to  restore 
what  the  parish  is  unable  to  do  ?"  viz. 
the  ancient  priory  church  at  Hexham. 
— It  is  to  be  regretted  that  the  old  and 
approved  mode  of  raising  money  for 
such  laudable  pur|>ose8  has  been  done 
away  with  by  one  of  those  sweeping 
acts  of  legislation  for  which  the  present 
age  is  likely  to  be  remarkable  :  m  lieu 
of  a  brief  for  each  individual  church, 
collections  are  now  to  be  made  by  what 
is  called  a  **  King's  Letter,"  and  the 
amounts  are  directed  by  the  stat.yGeo. 
4,  cap.  4S,  sec.  10,  to  be  paid  to  the 
treasurer  of  the  *'  Society  for  enlarging, 
building,  and  repairing  churches  and 
chapels,*^  to  be  applied  towards  carrying 
the  designs  of  the  Society  into  cflecu — 
However  laudable  the  exertions  of  the 
Society  may  be — and  it  is  certainly  de- 
serving of  great  encouragement — it  is 
much  to  be  regretted  that  the  old  s;fs- 
tem  has  been  done  away  with.  If  a  brief 
had  been  bonH  fide  issued  for  the  repair 
of  a  church  which  had  become  a  sub- 
ject of  interest,  many  would  have  con- 

*  The  Church  at  Dunwick,  in  Suffolk,  is 
of  similar  cpnstructioo.  See  Archsologia, 
vol.  xii. — Edit. 


trihoted  liberally  towards  the  individual 
case.  As  the  royal  letters  are  like  aii- 
gePs  visits,  the  Society  is  likely  to  have 
enough  upon  its  hands  in  the  manage- 
ment of  its  fundi,  which,  from  the  na- 
ture of  the  case,  must  be  far  fr.om  ade- 
quate to  the  purpose  of  it,  and  as  the 
object  of  the  Society  is  rather  to  gain 
accommodation  than  the  preservation 
of  a  piece  of  antiquity,  I  fear  Hexham 
church  will  derive  but  little  assistance 
from  the  new  mode  of  makins;  the  col- 
lections. If  the  destruction  of  old  sys- 
tems, good  in  the  main  but  abosed  in 
the  management,  so  fashionable  in  the 
present  day,  be  not  timely  itonped,  some 
of  our  fairest  institutions  of  antiquity 
will  tremble  for  the  consequences. 

PORTISHEAD  CBURGH. 

The  gentleman,  who  presented  the 
chairs  made  out  of  the  materials  of  an 
ancient  screen  to  Portishead  Church, 
(see  page  38,)  displayed  in  the  do- 
nation more  munincence  than  good 
taste.  Are  the  chairs  any  better  for 
their  materials  having  once  formed  an 
ancient  screen  ?  It  reminds  me  of  the 
construction  of  a  bridge  by  the  vain 
Duke  of  Chandos,  out  of  the  remains  of 
a  Roman  pharos,  and  his  inscribing  the 
circumstance  on  the  structure.  If  the 
sarcophagus  of  Alexander  had  fallen 
into  the  hands  of  any  Vandal,  who  had 
exclaimed  *'  the  pavement  of  my  fine 
court  is  formed  out  of  Alexander's  cof- 
fin,*' his  barbarity  would  have  received 
enoi^h  of  censure.  If  the  gentleman 
had  expended  his  money  in  restoring 
the  screen  either  to  its  original  use,  or 
to  some  appropriate  situation  in  the 
church,  he  would  truly  have  deserved 
applause ;  but  as  it  is,  I  cannoc  help 
regretting  the  misappropriation. 

WINCHE8TBR  CASTLB. 

Your  reviewer  (p.  35)8peaks  of  the  an- 
cient hall  at  Winctiester  Castle  as  being 
divided  by  pillars  and  arches,  and  Mr. 
Buckler  asserts  the  same  in  his  clever 
essay  on  Eltham  Palace.  That  the 
building  now  used  as  a  hall  is  so  di- 
vided, is  certain  ;  but  I  much  question 
whether  the  present  is  the  original  des- 
tination of  the  structure.  It  has  every 
appearance  of  a  chapel  j  a  supposition 
which  is  confirmecl  .by  its  being  situ- 
ated according  to  the  ecclesiastical  ar- 
rangement :  and,  until  some  evidence 
is  adduced  to  shew  that  it  has  always 
been  used  as  a  ball,  L should  rather  be 
inclined  to  consider  that  the  present 
building  is  the  chapel  of  llie  Castle. 


..  >k 


i83a]        iSif  KeMlm  Dighy^i  Memoin,^Hi»  Spanuh  Amour.  905 


Mr.  UftBAK.  Fe6.  10. 

YOU  hare  already  indalged  me  to 
full^  in  the  intertioii  of  mv  coU 
lections  illustrative  of  the  "  rrivate 
Meinoics  of  Sir  Kenelm  Digby,**  that 
1  have  little  hesitation  in  intruding 
apoa  yon  with  another  document,  be- 
cause I  (latter  myself  that  it  will  not 
be  considered  as  otherwise  than  "  ger^ 
mane  to  the  matter."  It  will  be  found 
to  throw  further  light  on  the  romantic 
amour  of  Thcagenes  with  that  paragon 
of  the  Spanish  court,  that  '*  greatest, 
richest,  and  noblest  lady  in  £gypt," 
the  fascinating  Mauricana,  whose  real 
name — Donna  Anna  Maria  Manriauc, 
it  was  the  object  of  my  Iast(Nov.Mag. 

r.  990)  to  disclose ;  and  it  will  fornisn, 
conceive,  a  further  proof,  in  addition 
to  the  many  other  parts  of  Sir  Kenelm *s 
natrative  which  nave  been  brought 
to  the  test  of  history,  that,  however 
freely  the  imaginative  writer  may  have 
indulged  in  tne  flowers  of  embellish- 
ment, still  the  outline  of  his  facts 
throughout  is  that  which  it  was  the  ac- 
tual experience  of  his  wayward  fortune 
to  encounter.  The  passage  fromHowePs 
Letters,  which  I  before  adducetl,  has 
proved  that  Mauricana  was  a  real  in- 
dividual, and  that  her  name  was  Man- 
rique  ;  my  uresent  discovery  is  a  letter 
of  Sir  Kenelm  himself,whicn,  therecan 
be  no  doubt,  alluded  to  the  same  lady, 
although  the  name  is  suppressed. 

Whilst,  however,  the  actual  founda- 
tion of  these  *'  Private  Memoirs"  is 
proved  by  these  real -life  e|)istles,  so  also 
by  the  Utter  may  the  poetioal  flights  of 
the  former  be  estimated ;  since  1  think 
it  will  be  allowed  of  both  thefollowioK 
Inter  and  that  of  Howel,  that,  though 
they  show  Donna  Anna  Maria  to  have 
honoured  theEnglish  gallaot  with  a  cer- 
tain degree  of  her  regard,  they  are  for 
from  justifying  the  supposition  that  her 
heart  was  so  acutely  wounded  as  The- 

genet  has  had  the  vanity  to  state.  Un- 
as, indeed,  her  sending  for  him,  and 
employing  (as  he  describes)  such  ear- 
nest personal  intreaties,  was  subse- 
quently to  his  writing  the  following 
epistle,  it  would  even  appear  that  he 
departed  from  Madrid  without  enjoy- 
ing the  privilege  of  uLing  a  personal 
adieu,  and  was  obli^  to  leave  his  fare- 
wellcomplimentslo  be  made  by  deputy. 
The  fnend  on  whom  this  task  was 
imposed,  was  another  chevalier,  who, 
though  not  equally  ulented,  yet  pos- 
sessed ooDttdcrable  abilities  aa  a  writer ; 


but  who  iKrhape  surpassed  Sir  Kenelm 
in  eccentricity,  and  is  doubtless  chiefly 
indebted  to  the  whimsicalities  of  his 
conduct  for  his  share  #f  immortality.—- 
This  was  Sir  Tobie  Mathews,  son  of 
the  Archbishop  of  York  of  tlie  same 
name,  but  himself  a  papist  and  a  Jesuit, 
and  long  a  rceidentin  Madrid.  The 
letter  occurs  in  a  collection  which  bears 
the  name  of  this  personage,  and  which 
was  printed  in  160O,  under  the  superin- 
tendence of  the  celebrated  Dr.  Donne: 
"  S.  KD.  to  S.  T.M. 

**  A  Letter  qf  a  CaoaHer  to  a  fiiendy  fir 
the  doing t^ an  humbleoffice  to  a  great  Laaiy  : 

*'  Sir,  if  I  durst  prwomt  to  ■•nd  iiiy 
thaaks  to  say  lady  A.B.*  for  her  &roiin  to 
BM  bars,  I  shoald  oot  trouble  joa  with  thia 
latter.  Bot  the  eminaneie  of  oar  condition, 
which  makes  her  able  to  sow  blessings 
wherever  she  passes,  makes  it  nnmannerlie 
for  snch  as  I  am,  to  acknowledge  themselves 
immediately  to  herself.  I  beseech  yon  there- 
fore. Sir,  let  her  ladiibip  receive  from  yoor 
tongue  the  follett  expressions  it  can  make  of 
a  deep  sense  in  me  of  the  very  great  obliga- 
tions end  honours  she  was  pUsaied  to  beep 
upon  me,  whilst  I  had  the  happioasse  to  wait 
upon  her  hero.  I  most  coafiHse  it  u  ia^os- 
sible  that  her  ladiship  sboold  settle  greater 
upon  aaj  man ;  for  soeh  are  to  be  mnasnrod 
by  the  daim  which  ooe  ought  make  to  them. 
And  I  am  sure  that,  inmy  behalf  there  was 
nothing  to  tempt  her  to  this  ejcercise  of  her 
goodnesse  but  m^  absolute  want  of  all  title 
to  it.  Whereby  it  became  meerly  an  act  of 
her  own  generotitie  without  any  ouier  motive 
to  share  in  it.  I  ever  honoured  and  esteemed 
this  noble  creature  beyond  expression ;  but 
henceforward  those  actions  ot  reverence 
mostgoastepforther,  and  become  a  perfect 
devotion  in  me,  to  do  her  all  the  service  in 
my  power;  for  such  sweetaasse  aad  eivilitie 
as  sne  is  mistresse  of,  miagled  with  all  other 
exoelleneiee,  I  never  yet  met  with  in  any. 

**  I  make  bold  to  cbuse  your  conveyance, 
rather  than  any  other's,  to  deliver  my  sense 
to  her  ladiship,  beoanse  I  am  sure  it  will  gain 
most  advantage  by  your  means ;  and  you 
have  so  much  goodnesse  and  friendship  to 
me  as  you  will,  1  know,  pardon  my  importun- 
ing you  in  an  occasion  wherein  I  am  so  justly 
earnest.  And  I  am  also  confident  enough 
that  it  will  not  displease  you  to  oarrie  in  a 
prize  to  a  lady  to  whom  you  are  so  much  a 
servant,  and  particularly  since  it  is  a  heart 
which  had  bidden  a  long  farewell  to  the  of- 
fering of  all  devotions  at  ladies'  altars.  1 
kisse  your  hand,  and  rest  your,  &c." 

The  little  volume  from  which  (p.Sl6) 

*  The  name  being  wholly  suppressed,  the 
first  initials  of  the  a^ihabetare  inserted ;  and 
the  same  in  other  letters. 


206 


Sir  Tohie  Maihews  not  a  **  painter  J* 


IMsitth^ 


this  has  been  extracted,  is  entitled  "  A 
Collection  of  Letters  made  by  S'  Tobie 
Mathews,  KS  With  a  character  of  the 
most  excellent  Lady  Lucy  Countesse 
of  Carlile,  by  the  same  author.  To 
which  are  added,  many  Letters  of  his 
own  to  several  persons  of  honour,  who 
were  contemporaries  to  him."  1660. 
12mo. — A  large  portion  of  these  letters 
are  comprised  in  other  "  Collections," 
-particularly  many  of  Bacon,  which  ap< 
))ear  in  tne  Cabala,  Bacon's  Works, 
&c.  Of  the  **  Character"  of  the  blue- 
stocking Countess  of  Carlisle,  parts 
are  quoted  in  Wal pole's  Anecdotes  of 
Painting,  and  Lodge's  Portraits,  with 
the  remark  that  its  rhapsodical  adula- 
tion might  be  understood  as  ironical 
satire  ;— -though  such  probably  was  not 
the  intention  of  the  writer,  wnose  sim- 
ple extravagance  was  a  subject  of  gene- 
ral ridicule.  It  was  a  similar  character 
of  the  Infanta  Maria  of  Spain,  written 
by  Sir  Tobie  when  at  Madrid  in  l62d, 
that,  from  its  having  been  styled  **  a 
picture,**  obtained  the  admission  of  his 
name  into  the  former  of  the  works 
mentioned ;  and,  although  (as  remarked 
by  the  recent  editor,  Mr.  Dallaway) 
Horace  Walpole  "  Brst  suspected,  and 
afterwards  proved,  that  Sir  Tobie  Ma- 
thews had  not  the  slightest  pretension 
to  be  included  in  these  Memoirs*,'*  yet 
he  seems  to  have  been  considered  too 
amusing  a  personage  to  be  dismissed 
from  the  second  edition,  and  this  elo- 
quent illuminator  of  the  splendours  of 
the  female  character  was  retained, 
principally  to  exhibit  his  own  buffoon- 
cry,  but  ostensibly  "  to  throw  as  many 
lights  as  possible  on  the  manners  of  the 
age."  It  may  be  added,  ihat  Walpole 
has  misled  several  other  writers,  parti- 
cularly Granger,  who  has  classed  Sir 
Tobie  with  Kubens,  Vandyke,  &c., 
among  the  painters  of  Charles's  reis^n, 
and  not  only  states  that  "  he  di^  a 
portrait  of  the  Infanta,"  but  also  that 
**  he  attempted,  at  least,  to  paint  the 
Countess  of  Carlisle  ;*' nor  in  the  last 
very  imperfect  edition  of  the  **  Bio- 
graphical History"  is  it  noted  that  both 
attempts  were  merely  descriptive. 

^  It  is  somewhat  inconsistent,  however, 
with  this  explanation,  that  in  this  last  edi- 
tion the  article  of  Tobie  Mathews  is  one  of 
those  selected  for  the  introduction  of  a 
wood -cut  portrait,  and  he  is  thus  made  to 
rank  not  merely  with  the  artists  who  form 
the  subjects  of  the  work,  but  even  with 
those  who  wear  a  mark  of  [leculiar  distinction. 


Whilst  turning  over,  a  short  time 
ago,  a  volume  of  the  Harleian  MSS*. 
(No.  1576)  f  accidentally  met  with  a 
copy  of  Sir  Tobie's  "  oicture,"  and,  aa 
I  believe  it  has  never  been  engraved,  I 
will  now  request  you  to  undertake  that 
task,  as  I  doubt  not  the  daubing;  (such 
as  it  is)  will  be  represented  with  suffi- 
cient accuracy  by  that  unusual  species 
ofsfipple,  the  types  of  your  letter-press 
printer. 

In  the  first  place,  however,  I  inust 
quote  the  royal  correspondence  which 
became  the  undesigned  cause  of  enrol- 
ling Sir  Tobie  Mathews  in  a  catalogue 
of  painters.  His  pictorial  fame,  then, 
originated  in  a  postscriptadded  byPrince 
Charles  in  his  own  hand  to  a  letter 
which  the  Duke  of  Buckingham  had 
written  to  the  king,  in  the  joint  name 
of  4he  Prince  and  himself,  at  Madrid, 
June  26,  1G23.     It  is  as  follows  : — 

*'  Sir,  In  the  medest  of  our  serins  busines 
littell  prittie  Tobie  Malhew  evimw  to  intreKt 
us  to  deliver  this  letter  to  your  M.  which  is, 
as  he  eals  it,  a  piclur  of  the  Infiuita*B,draweD 
in  blake  &  whyte.  We  pray  you  let  00ns  lafe 
[laugh]  at  it  but  your  aelfe  and  honnestKate 
[the  Duchess  of  Buckingham].  He  thlnkea 
he  hath  bitt  the  naille  of  the  head,  but  you 
will  fynd  it  [the]  foolisliest  thing  that  ever 
you  saw*. 

In  a  letter  written  to  her  lord  on  the 
16th  of  July  we  find  "  honnest  Kate" 
thus  alluding  to  the  production : — 

**  I  have  sene  his  Ma^*  latly,  but  hath  not 
seen  the  picktnr  toby  mathos  ded,  but  I  hope 
the  next  tim  I  shall.  I  do  immagen  what  a 
rare  peace  [piece]  it  tis  being  of  dib  doing." 

The  Duchess  then  goes  on  to  men- 
tion a  real  painting  (which  may  have 
contributed  to  mislead  Yertue  and 
Walpole)  : 

'<  Sence  the  Prince  keep*  that  cerbere 
[Gerbier]  has  done  for  the  Infimta,  I  hope 
nobody  shall  have  th^  next  he  dos  from  me, 
for  I  do  much  desier  to  see  a  goodnicktur  of 
hers,  for  I  here  her  infinitely  com  ended. — 
She  had  need  prove  a  good  on  [one]  that  the 
Prince  may  think  his  Jorney  and  delays  well 
bestode  for  her ;  for  I  swere  he  desarvea  her, 
be  she  never  so  hanssom  or  good,  to  under- 
take such  a  jorney  for  her  ;  and  she  had 
need  make  us  pore  wifs  some  a  mens  [amends] 
for  being  the  cause  of  keeping  our  husbands 
from  us.  But  I  thioke  it  tis  not  her  fitnlte^ 
for  I  warant  she  wood  fane  have  it  dis- 
pacht  to." 

There  certainly  seems  reason  to  sup- 
pose that  the  marriage  was  not  disliked 

*  From  the  original  in  the  Had.  MSS.6987. 


laao.]  Sir  ToffH  Mulhewi'  Charatter  of  the  Infanta. 


S07 


by  tlie  lofanla,  frcmi  whote  '<  ptcV* 
tur**  I  o<Mv  will  BOi  longer  detain  Uie 
reader : 

«•  Infmnlas  Character  and  DescriptUm,  ly 
S'  Toby  Mathew. 

««  Madrid,  June  98,  1693. 
«<  Hm  IttfimU  Dooa  Maria  will  have  17 
yean  of  aga  y*  next  August.    Sbee  teema 
bal  low  of  statura,  for  akee  uMih  no  helpe 
at  all  t  y*  woBMo  of  thia  country  are  not  fp' 
nerally  tall,  bat  tlia  In&nu  \m  much  of  the 
same  stature  w<^  these  ladyes  have,  w^  live 
b  )•  Court  of  Soayo,  8t  are  of  >•  same  yeara 
w*<>  ber.     Shee  M  fiiyr  in  all  p  faction  ;  her 
favour*  Is  very  good  and  fiiyr,  far  from  hsv- 
hig  any  odfc  ill  feature  in  it.     Her  counte- 
sanee  it  sweet  in  an  extraordinary  ma'ner,& 
•howt  ber  to  bee  both  kingly  bom,  «c  w«k  all 
y*  abee  plaeetk  no  great  felicity  in  that :  for 
there  seems  to  sbnie  from  her  soull  through 
ber  body  aa  great  sweetnesse  &  goodnesse  as 
ean  be  desired  in  a  creature.     Her  close  ruff 
aad  eofU  are  said  by  them  who  know  it  best 
to  bee  greatly  to  her  disadvantage  :  for  y' 
both  her  head  is  rarf  ly  set  on  her  neck,  &  so 
are  ber  excellent  hands  to  her  arms  ;  and 
they  say  that  before  she  it  dressed  shee  it 
uicomparably  better  y*  afierward. 

**  But  y*  virtue  of  her  mind  is  held  to  ex- 
ceed J*  beauty  of  her  p*son  v«ry  far.  In  ber 
leiirioB  she  is  very  pious  and  devout ;  she 
iftyly  speadeth  9  or  3  houres  in  prayer;  she 
coowssetli  &  comnnicatetli  twice  a  week, 
aamely,  upon  VVedneaday  and  Saturday  ;  she 
carryeth  a  most  p'ticular  &  tender  devntioa 
to  y  reverent  sacrament  and  y«  im'aculate 
conception  of  our  B.  Lady.  Shee  doth  usually 
make  some  little  thin^  w*^  her  own  hands 
day  by  day,  w<^^  may  &e  for  y*  use  of  sick 
or  wounded  p*aons  in  y*  hospiullt,  &  m^iY 
times  it  is  but  drawing  lynt  out  of  linnen  ^ 
may  tervc  for  wounds.     AH  v'  w«*»  y«  King 
ber  Brother  giteth  ber  for  play  or  toyt,  ac- 
cording to  ber  fcncy,  w«fc  comes  to  about  an 
\oa*^  a  month,  shee  in<pIoys  wholy  upon  y« 
poor.    Shee  is  generally  of  few  words,  but 
yet  of  sweet  k.  easy  conversation  w^  she  it 
private  w*^  *•  Ladyes. 

««  Her  miade,  they  say.  Is  more  awake  y" 
they  y^  know  ber  not  well  would  easily  be- 
lieve. Tliey  who  have  studied  lier  most  tell 
inee  y*  shee  is  verv  sensible  of  any  reall  un- 
kindnetf ,  but  y«  this  costetb  no  body  any- 
thing but  herselfe;  for  shee  makes  no  noyse, 
expostulates  not,  but  only  greives.  Of  bir 
p  son,  beauty,  «t  dretting  shee  is  careless, 
Ik  takes  w^they  bring  ber  w*^out  more  adoe. 
S!iee  is  thought  to  be  of  great  courage  for  a 
woman,  and  to  despise  danger  :  for,  besides 
y»  ibee  never  staru  as  many  women  do  at 

♦  That  is.in  mwlern  languace,  the  <a:/>re4- 
iion  of  l»er  countenance.  Shak>pearc  writes 
in  Measure  for  Measure  (iv.  «),  «*  Surely, 
Sir,  a  pood  faimiT  you  Imtrc,  save  that  you 
luixtf  a  lumping  h»tk  .'** 


tnddea  'tbingt,  nor  b  frighted  by  thunder 
and  lightning  or  the  like,  they  obterve  how 
^t  wkB  y«  )|^  ««Ar  at  Araminet,  where  )* 
Queen  made  a  shew  or  puUick  enterteynment 
for  y*  Kins  into  w<^  themselves  did  enter 
w^  many  oUier  Ladyes,  and  w^  y«  fules*  and 
bought  fell  into  a  sudden  fire  \  &  w^  y« 
company  was  much  frighted  w^  y«  imminent 
danger  thereof,  U.  were  flying  from  thence 
at  foil  speed,  y*  Infanudid  but  call  y^Conde 
de  Olivares,  &  willed  him  to  defend  her  from 
J*  press  of  y*  people,  tk  so  shee  went  of  with 
ner  usuall  pace,  &  w^ut  being  in  any  disor- 
der at  all,  even  so  much  at  by  y*  leatt  change 
of  her  colour. 

'*  Many  virtues  are  sayd  to  live  in  y<  heart 
of  this  Lady  ;  but  y*  w^^  reigns  and  is  sove- 
reign in  her,  is  a  resolution  w<^  sliee  hath 
mainteyned  inviolable  from  her  very  infimcy, 
never  to  spesk  ill  of  any  creature,  &  not 
only  so,  but  to  show  a  plain  dislike  of  them 
who  speak  ill  of  others,  saying  sometimes, 
*  P*hapa  it  is  not  so,'  or  else,  '  A  body  can 
believe  nothing  Init  w^  they  tee,*  or  els,  *  It 
is  good  to  hear  botli  sides,*  and  the  like.-— 
The  world  in  Spayn  doth  all  conspire  to  ho- 
nour, love,   and  admire  this  Lady  ;  but  y* 
King  her  Brother  doth   make  more  proofe 
thereof  y"  they  all ;  for  there  is  no  one  even- 
ing wherein  he  goeth  not  to  court  her  in  her 
lodging.     He  will  sit  by  her  somtimes  while 
shee  is  making  herself  ready,  &  hee  is  often 
giving  her  presents,  &  would  have  her  co'- 
mand  him  to  giveber  more,but  as  for  v*  there 
is  no  remedy  :  for  shee  would  never  bee  in- 
treated  to  ask  any  thing  for  her  self,  &  w^ 
thee  it  importuned  by  others  to  ask  this  or 
that  p'ticclar  favour  of  y*  King  for  them,  it 
is  strange  to  see  how  respective  &  discreet 
shee  is,  and  indeed  how  carefull  not  to  meddle 
in  any  bnssiness ;  &  forasmuch  at  concemi 
p*sOnal  suites,  unJest  y*  thing  detired  be  tone 
toy,  the  will  p'fett  not  to  name  it,  'till  sbee 
may  finde  by  tome  meant  or  other  how  y« 
king  her  brother  stands  affected  to  y*  p'ton 
more  or  lest ;  '  for,'  saith  thee,  '  I  Know 
how  much  y*  K.  my  brother  desires  to  give 
me  gust,  &  it  is  not  reason  becans  bee  desires 
to  give  me  gust,  I  should  suffer  my  self  to  bee 
p*s waded  to  give  him  disgust.* 

«  She  hatn  been  often  heard  upon  severalf 
occasions  to  speak  with  great  sens  &  tender- 
ness  of)*  King  our  soveraine,  Sehow  deeply 
•he  holdeth  her  self  obliged  to  him  for  y* 
great  bono'  and  favour  w«>>  shee  understands 
his  Ma*'  to  have  don  her,  &  for  y*  tender  care 
hee  vouchsafes  to  have  of  her ;  &  1  have  p*ti- 
colar  retsons  w^^  make  roee  thinck  y*  I  know 
y»  y«  loving  reverence  w«^  she  will  bear  to- 
wards him,  and  v*  hearty  obedience  w'^  shee 
will  p'form  to  his  Ma**,  will  give  him  soch 
nnff|)eakable  comfort  as  p'haps  nee  did  never 
look  for  in  this  kindc,  in  his  life. 

**  How   much  y  InfanU  doth  Iionor  & 
esteem  y«  Prince  )•  vulgar  ca*not  say,  but 

•  Leavea? 


906      Infanta  Maria  of  Spttinj^ Epitaph  in  BromUff  Church.     [March, 


tlMTObee  enough  in  y«  world  who  know  f 
thee  doth  it  ezticmelT  much,  according  to 
her  great  obligation.  Y*  time  if  not  }*t  arrived 
Ibr  her  to  make  thow  publick  expreMioni 
thereof  w«^  arc  not  warranted  by  y*  atile  of 
thia  court  till  the  treaty  bee  abaolutely  at  an 
end,  yet  I  have  no  doubt  but  thia  time  ia 
neere  at  hand,  &  my  heart  is  foil  of  joy  to 
thinck  how  happy  our  excellent  Prince  shall 
bee  In  t«  sweet  society  of  such  a  wife,  &  in  ]j« 
mean  wme  a  man  may  guess  howy«  InfcnU'a 
puis  beatedi  towarda  his  Highness,  since  by 
myl/'AdmiraH's*  indisposition  this  last  week 
through  y«  swelling  of  his  fece,  eaused  by  y« 
drawing  of  a  tooth,  y«  Infimta  hearing  of  it 
did  expresse  to  have  much  greife,  for  y*  sbee 
would  not  for  any  thing  of  this  world  y*  any 
ill  accident  should  lay  hold  on  him,  especially 
in  this  journey  bee  had  undertaken  in  y*  ser- 
vice  of  y<  Prince  upon  her  occasion. 

«* FINIS." 

After  tliis  singular  eulogy  it  may  not 
be  inappropriate  to  quote  another  de- 
scription or  the  Infanta  Maria,  made 
by  an  indiflferent  observer.  Previously 
to  the  Prince  of  Wales*s  visit  to  Ma- 
drid, James  Howel  thus  described,  to 
his  friend  Mr.  Arthur  Hopton,  the 
Princess  and  other  members  of  her 

family  : — 

'<  llie  treaty  of  the  match  betwixt  our 
Prince  and  the  Lady  Infanta  is  now  strongly 
a-ibot.  She  is  a  very  comely  lady,  rather  of 
a  Flemish  complexion  than  Spanish ;  £ur 
hair'd,  and  carrieth  a  most  pure  mixture  of 
red  and  white  in  her  face ;  she  b  foil  and  big- 
lipp'd,  which  is  held  a  beauty  rather  than  a 
blemish  or  anv  excess  in  the  Austrian  Family, 
it  being  a  tiling  incident  to  most  of  that 
race  ;  m  goes  now  upon  sixteen,  and  is  of  a 
tallness  aereeable  to  those  years.  The  King 
b  also  of  such  a  complexion,  and  b  under 
twenty  ;  he  hath  two  brothers,  Don  Carloa 
and  Don  Feruando,  who,  though  a  youth  of 
twelve,  yet  he  b  Cardinal  and  ArchbUhop  of 
Toledo,  which,  in  regard  it  hath  the  Cban- 
cellorship  of  Castile  annexed  to  it,  is  the 
greatest  spiritual  dignity  in  Christendom  af- 
ter tlie  Papacy,  for  it  is  valued  at  800,000 
crowns  per  annum.  Don  Carlos  is  of  differ- 
ing complexion  from  all  the  rest,  for  he  Is 
blacke-haired  and  of  a  Spanish  hue ;  he  hath 
neither  office,  command,  dignity,  or  title, 
but  ii  au  individual  companion  to  the  King ; 
and  what  clothes  soever  are  provided  for  we 
King  he  hath  the  very  same,  and  as  often, 
from  top  to  toe.  He  ii  the  better  beloved  of 
the  people  for  his  complexion  ;  for  one  shall 
hear  the  Spaniard  sign  and  lament  saying, 
*  O  when  snail  we  have  a  Kiog  again  of  our 
own  colour  Vf  " 

*  The  Duke  of  Buckingham. 
f   £ptstol«  Ho-elianae. 


The  Infanta  Maria  was  subsequently 
married  to  Ferdinand,  King  of  the  Ro- 
mans, who  became  Emperor  by  the 
tiile  of  Ferdinand  the  Third,  in  l637  ; 
she  was  the  mother  of  Leopold  the 
First,  and  consequently  ancestress  to  all 
the  subsequent  emperors ;  and  she  died 
in  1646.  As  Donna  Maria  never  set 
her  foot  upon  this  coonlry,  she  it  not 
admitted  byGranger  into  his  Biographi- 
cal History  of  England ;  but,  as  a  per- 
sonage who  received  so  important  and 
singular  a  visit  from  many  of  the  most 
illustrious  English,  and  who  so  nar- 
rowly lost  the  honour  of  becoming  the 
first  female  in  Great  Britain,  I  coDceive 
she  might  with  propriety  be  introduced 
into  that  work.  I  have  seen  portraits 
of  her,  both  as  Infanta  and  Empress, 
which  convey  a  favourable  impressioa 
of  her  countenance.  Her  hand-writinff 
is  engraved  in  the  recently  published 
work  on  Autographs,  plate  4o. 

In  conclusion,  I  will  only  further  re- 
mark that  Sir  Tobie  Mathew  returned 
toEngland  in  thetrain  of  PrinceCharles, 
aud,  (how  far  in  reward  for  bit  pictorial 
skill  it  does  not  appear,)  wn  the  very 
first  knight  dubbed  byjthe  King  after 
the  Prince's  arrival.  This  distinction 
was  conferred  on  him,  five  days  after 
that  event,  at  Royston^  on  the  10th  of 
October,  l623.* 

Yours^  &c.       J.  G.  N. 


Mr.  Urban,  March  12. 

IN  the  late  refiairs  of  Bromley  church', 
Kent,  a  brass  plate  has  been  found, 
which  commemorates  the  wife  of  Rich- 
ard Lacer,  who  was  Mayor  of  the 
city  of  London  in  1345.  His  name 
is    in   some   lists   printed   Leggett. 

Wt  facet  3ira(»ena  9'nla'  u%*  mkH 
Hacer  nup'  Jttaiot*  Honlioii'  ^ur  Mit 
q'rta  W  Hug'ti  a\  t*i  m.€€€.W* 
Cut'  aie  p*picUtuv  DetiiT.    Km*. 

Lacer*s  arms  were.  Ermine,  a  lioo 
rampant  Gules.  He  was  probably  the 
same  individual,  whn,  according  to 
Lysons,  held  lands  in  the  |>arish  of 
LXeptford  in   13--. 

Yours,  &c.         R.  S. 


*  See  Niclioi&'s  Progresses  of  King  James 
the  First,  vol.  iv.  p.  930. 


issa] 


Percy  Mmuments  at  Beverley,  co.  York, 


tot 


PbRCT   MoVUMBirrS    at  BtVBRLBT. 

WITH  the  accomfianying  plate  of  a 
singular  nionumtnt  at  Beverley 
we  hare  been  faroured  byM  r.Scaum,ihe 
publisher  of  the  handsome  work  on  the 
History  of  that  town,  which  is  noticed 
in  our  present  month's  reriew.  The 
plate  is  a  very  favourable  specimen  of 
the  advance  made  by  the  art  of  litho* 
granhy  towards  rivalling  the  delicacy 
and  finish  of  line  engraving  ;  it  is  from 
the  press  of  Mr.  R.  Martin,  and  la  highly 
creoitable  to  his  abilities. 

•  The  finest  monuments  in  Beverley- 
Minster  are  three  belonging  to  the  ii- 
lustrioufl  family  of  the  Percys.  The 
most  perfect  otthem,  on  account  of  its 
magnificent  and  highly  enriched  cano- 
py, is  usually  called  the  Percy  Shrine, 
and  was  probably  erected  to  the  me- 
mory of  Idooeade  Clifford,  wife  of  the 
second  Lord  Percy  of  Alnwick,  and 
grandmother  of  the  first  Earl  of  North- 
umberland. She  died  in  1365.  A 
mutilated  altar*tomb  is  that  of  Henry 
the  fourth  Earl,  who  was  slain  in  an 
insurrection  atThirsk  in  1489-  The 
third  is  that  represented  in  the  accom- 
panying plate. 

These  monuments  appear   to  have 
been  particularly  unfortunate  in  suffer- 
ing by  removal  from  one  part  of  the 
chapel  to  another,  an  operation  which 
is   seldom  effected  without  mutilation 
or  misapplication  of  pans.    We  are  in- 
formed by  Mr.  Gough,  in  his  Sepul- 
chral Monuments,  (where  four   folio 
plates  are  dedicated  to  the  "  Shrine*' 
and  its  carvings,  and  one  to  each  of  the 
other  monuments,)  that  that  of  the 
fourth  Earl  "  stood  at  first  against  the 
sooth  wall,  and  had  a  rich  stone  ca- 
nopy over  it ;  but,  the  wall  being  con- 
siderably oat  of  its  perpendicular,  the 
canopy   was  broken  down,  and   the 
tomb  removed  into  the  middle  of  the 
chapel.     Fragments  of  the  canopy  lie 
by  It.**    The  Beverley  historian  says 
that  the  tomb  represented  in  the  an- 
nexed plate  "  has  been  removed  per- 
haps more  than  once.**   It  will  be  per- 
ceived that  tlie  i'Qigy  is  not  of  sufficient 


lensth  to  cover  the  cavity  of  the  tomb ; 
and,  although  it  does  not  teem  to  have 
so  struck  either  Mr.  Googh  or  the  au- 
thor of*  Beverlac,*'  we  have  little  hesi- 
tation in  thinking  that  the  effigy  ami 
tomb  were  not  originally  one  monu- 
ment. This  supposition  u,  we  think, 
supported  by  the  description  which  Le- 
lana  has  left  of  these  monuments  in  his 
Itinerary.     He  describes  them  as 

"  three  tumbet  most  notable  on  the  north 
tide  of  the  quier. 

**  Yd  one  of  them,  with  a  cbipel  arehid 
over  it,  is  buried  Percy  £rl  of  Northumbtr- 
kuid,  and  his  sun,  fiuher  to  the  last  Erie. 

"  Yn  another  it  buried  Eleanor,  wifr  to 
one  of  the  Lord  Percys. 

'*  And  yn  another  of  white  alabaster  Ido~ 
nea  Lsdy  Percy,  wife  to  one  of  the  Lord 
Percys. 

'*  Under  Eleanor's  tumbe  is  buried  one  of 
the  Percys,  a  preste." 

It  will  be  perceived  that  Leland  dis- 
tinctly describes  the  '*  three  tumbes," 
besides  that  memorial  (not  specified, 
but  doubtless  this  effigy)^  by  which  he 
was  informed  that  a  priest  was  buried 
"  under  Eleanor's  tumbe.'*  To  our 
apprehension,  therefore,  it  appears  evi- 
dent that  the  priest's  effigy  was  then 
placed  on  the  floor,  and  that  by  the  ex- 
pression "  under,'*  the  venerable  father 
of  antiquarian  tourists  means  on  that 
part  of  the  floor  contiguous  to,  or  as  it 
might  now  be  expressed, — helow,  that 
monument. 

The  first  tomb  mentioned  by  Leland 
is  indisputably  that  of  the  fourth  Earl. 

The  second  we  conceive  to  be  the 
altar-tomb  represented  in  our  plate,  but 
then  surmounted  by  either  an  effigy  of 
Eleanor  Lady  Percy,  or  by  a  slab  and 
brass,  probably  the  latter,  which  may 
more  readily  have  incurred  its  entire 
destruction  or  concealment. 

The  third  we  consider  to  be  that 
now  called  the  Percv  Shrine;  and 
which,  though  the  author  of  "  Bever- 
lac,'*  has  admitted  such  various  claims 
for  its  appropriation,  is  attributed  to 
the  same  Idonea  as  Leland  names,  by 
the  high  authority  of  Mr.  Gougb.*— 


*  The  grand  mistake  of  Bishop  Percy  in  bringing  it  down  more  than  a  centnry  to  the 
lady  of  the  fourth  Earl,  and  which  wu  corrected  by  Mr.  Qongh  (though  witli  delicacy,  in 
deference  to  the  Bishop,  who  was  then  alive,)  had  better  been  passed  oanoticed  by  Mr. 
Poulsnn,  particularly  as  he  found  the  opinion  of  Mr.  Googh,  as  to  the  ^a  of  the  monu- 
ment, supported  by  those  of  Mr.  Rickroan  and  other  architectural  critics.  The  Bishop  was 
led  to  ascribe  the  moooroent  to  the  Countess  Maud,  in  consequence  of  a  MS.  memoran- 
dum in  the  copy  of  Ducdale's  Baronage  in  Wororster  cathedral  library,  which  records  the 
opening  m  1671  of  *<  Site  grave  wherein  the  bod^  of  Mand  Countess  of  Northumberland 

GawT.  Mao.  March,  ISao. 


210 


Perof   Monuments  at  Beverley, 


[March, 


We  are  aware  that  Mr.  Pooison  may 
probably  object  that  it  is  not  made  of 
alabaster ;  as  he  says  in  p.  695,  "  there 
is  evidently  no  alabaster  monument, 
nor  any  traces  of  one  left."  This  very 
circumstance,  however, — that  there  are 
no  traces  of  alabaster  left,— contributes 
to  prove  that  Leland  mistook  the  free- 
stone of  the  "  shrine,"  for  alabasier, 
which  he  might  easily  have  done  from 
the  delicacy  of  the  sculpture,  and  per- 
haps from  tne  substance  being  concealed 
by  colours. 

In  this  manner  we  distribute  Leland's 
description  ;  and,  although  in  conse- 
quence of  the  movement  of  at  least  two 
of  the  monuments  (the  first  named  and 
the  priest's  effiey),  it  is  undoubtedly  (as 
remarked  by  Mr.  Poulson)  *'  much  at 
variance  with  the  Beverley  monuments 
as  they  now  stand,*'  yet,  we  think  it 
will  not  thus  beany  longer  "  difficult  to 
reconcile  his  (Leland's)  statement  with 
their  present  appearance.*' 

As  it  is  not  necessary,  on  this  occa- 
sion, to  describe  more  particularly  the 
Percy  "shrine,"  we  will  now  refer  our 
readers  to  the  History  of  Beverley,  or 
the  more  fortunate  of  our  readers  who 
have  access  to  the  Sepulchral  Monu- 
ments, to  that  work,  in  order  that  it 
may  receive  a  further  portion  of  that  at- 
tention, of  which,  as  a  beautiful  speci- 
men of  ancient  art,  at  the  most  florid 
period  of  pointed  architecture,  it  is  so 
fully  deserving.  We  will  only  notice, 
for  the  information  of  those  who  may 


remember  the  monument  in  times  past, 
that  during  the  recent  repairs  ot  the 
Minster,  when  the  choir  was  fitted  up 
for  divine  service  instead  of  the  nave, 
the  tomb  under  the  *'  shrine**  was 
removed, 

"  when  the  contents  exhibited  a  atone 
coffin  joined  with  mortar,  6  feet  6  inchea 
long,  1  foot  6  inches  wide,  and  onlj  16 
inchet  deep ;  the  body  was  closely  enveloped 
in  lead,  so  much  so  as  to  leave  the  impression 
of  the  body  in  it,  and  enclosed  in  a  wood 
coffin  [which  appeared  to  have  been  (Pon- 
dered of  the  ornaments  which  decorated  it.*] 
— Dr.  Hull,  who  was  presenty  supposes  that 
the  arms,  legs,  and  bones,  from  their  magni- 
tude, did  not  belooc  to  a  person  above  the 
age  of  19  or  14.  [it  is  shrewdly  suspected 
that  the  account  in  Gough  had  tempted  the 
cupidity  of  the  plunderers.f]  It  seems  that 
this  altar-tomb  liad  been  a  subsequent  intro- 
duction under  the  canopy,  as  the  mouldings 
had  been  cut  away  for  its  admission,  from 
which  it  may  be  inferred  that  the  orisinal  in- 
terment was  below  the  floor  of  the  ehnrch." 

We  will  now  proceed  to  our  main 
business,  to  describe  the  subjects  repre- 
sented in  the  plate. 

First,  with  regard  to  the  tomb,  its 
architecture  agrees  with  the  style  of  the 
commencement  of  Edward  the  Third's 
reign,  which  was  the  period  at  which 
Eleanor  Lady  Percy  died.  She  was  a 
dauehter  of  John  the  second  Fitz-Alan 
Earl  of  Arundel,  and  wife  of  Henry  the 
first  Lord  Percyof  Alnwick,  who  died 
in  1315,  and  was  buried  in  the  Abbey 
of  Fountains.    It  is  probable  that  the 


was  interred  at  Beverley  minster,  near  unto  the  before-specified  monument*'  of  her  has* 
band;  but  this  memorandum,  it  will  be  perceived,  mentions  no  monument  of  the  CooBtass, 
but«  on  the  contraiy,  describes  the  place  where  her  stone  coffin  was  found  as  a  '*  snave."— 
It  appears  that  Gttharine  widow  of  the  fifth  Earl,  by  will  in  1549,  \e/h  her  body  to  be  bariad 
at  Beverley.  It  is  possible  that  the  remains  found  in  Dugdalc's  time  may  have  beloaged  to 
this  Countess. — We  are  sorry  to  see  that  Mr.  Dallaway,  in  his  account  oic  the.Perey  fiunilj, 
(under  Petworth,  in  the  History  of  Sussex,)  has  copied  the  misappropriation  of  the  mooomcBt 
to  Maud,  notwithstanding  he  refers  to  Gough's  Sepulchral  Monuments.  He  adds  in  anotot 
«  For  the  preservation  of  this  monument  a  small  stipend  is  still  paid;'*— we  hope  iS  will 
continue  to  be  so. 

*  t  We  have  marked  these  passages,  because  they  refer  to  the  account  mentioned  in  the 
preceding  note,  of  the  investigation  made  in  1671*  at  which  time  a  corpse  was  found  with 
several  rich  ornaments,  and  which  Mr.  Poulson  has  hastily  considered  to  be  the  same  as 
that  described  in  the  text.    To  shew  the  impossibility  of  their  identity,  we  will  now  quote 
the  description  of  what  were  considered  the  remains  of  the  Countess  Maud  :  **  Her  eorpae 
was  found  in  a  stone  coffin,  embalmed  and  wrapped  in  cloth  of  gold,  with  slippers  embroi- 
dered with  silver  and  gold,  a  wax  lamp,  and  a  plate  candlestick  with  a  candle.       Aocovding 
to  Mr.  Poulson's  account,  the  recent  resurrectionisU  appear  to  have  expected  that  the 
resurrectionists  of  1671  were  so  considerate  as  to  leave  all  these  in  statu  quo  ;  and  that,  if 
the  curiosities  were  gone,  it  must  have  been  by  plunderers  since  Mr.  Gough's  advertisement 
of  the  hidden  treasures  !    But  it  appears  so  obvious  that  a  body  *'  closely  enveloped  in  lead" 
could  not  be  the  same  as  had  been  seen  150  years  before,  not  inclosed  In  lead,  but  merely 
«'erobahned  and  wrapt  in  cloth  of  gold,  with  slippers,"  that  we  wonder  how  the  seppoaStiea 
that  the  two  corpses  were  the  same  could  be  entertained  for  a  moment. — We  cannot,  more- 
over, pass  unnoticed  the  carelessness  with  which,  in  the  extract,*'  embroidered"  u  vasgAabti ' 
for  '<  embalmed/'  and  «  Baronetage"  for  «  Baronage." 


1830.] 


Percf/  Monuments  at  Beverley, 


211 


manor-house  of  Leckonfield  near  Be- 
verley was  asti^aecl  to  her  aB  the  resi- 
dence of  her  widowhood,  and  that  she 
was  thus  induced  to  hestow  the  honour 
and  proBt  of  her  interment  on  the 
neighbouring  Minster,  instead  of  re- 
posing by  the  side  of  her  husband  at 
Fountains.  The  indenture  recording 
her  obit  at  Beverley  is  now  6rst  printea 
in  p.  693  of  Mr.  Poulson's  rolume, 
from  Dodsworth's  manuscripts  at  Ox- 
ford ;  and,  at  the  period  ot  Lcland's 
▼isit,  the  monument  probably  either  re- 
tained itsinscription,or  was  well  known 
by  tradition.  The  indenture  is  dated 
in  1336;  butitappears  that  Lady  Elea- 
nor had  deceased  in  1328,  when  the 
Earl  was  appointed  constable  of  Scar- 
borough castle,  on  the  death  of  his  mo- 
ther, to  whose  custody  it  had  been 
committed  in  the  preceding  year.*— 
In  the  plate  in  Gough  is  a  sketch  of 
the  east  end  of  the  monument,  giving 
through  the  hole  a  peep  of  the  stone 
coffin  inside. 

We  will  now  speak  of  the  statue. — 
Mr.  Gough  correctly  attributed  it  to 
George,  a  son  of  the  second  Earl  of 
Northumberland,  00  the  mere  ground 
that  he  was  a  Prebendary  of  Beverley ; 
but  we  have  now  a  positive  confirma- 
tion, in  the  party's  own  direction  to  be 
buried  at  Beverley,  of  which  we  are  in- 
formed by  the  catalogue  of  "testamen- 
tary burials,'*  formed  by  the  antiquary 
Torre  from  the  wills  to  the  prerogative 
office  at  York. 

It  appears  that  Leckonfield  near  Be- 


verley was  the  favourite  residence  of 
the  second  Earl  $  since  we  find  by  a 
curious  list  of  his  progeny,  made  bv  his 
chaplain,  Robert  Cavell,  that,  ot  hit 
twelve  children,  six  at  least  were  bom 
at  that  manor. t — The  mother  of  this 
numerous  family  was  Lady  Eleanor 
Nevill,  daughter  of  Ralpn  Eari  of 
Westmoreland,  by  his  second  wife, 
Joan  Beaufort,  halt  sister  to  King  Henry 
the  Fourth.  It  was  to  this  marriage  that 
the  heir  of  the  Percys  was  indebted, 
through  the  mediation  of  the  Countess 
Joan  with  her  nephew  Henry  the  Fifth, 
for  his  reconciliation  with  the  house  of 
Lancaster,  and  consequent  recall  from 
banishment  in  Scotland,  and  restora- 
tion to  his  Earldom  and  estates,  which 
were  forfeited  by  his  father  the  celebrated 
Hotspur ;  and,  to  judge  from  that  excel- 
lent criterion,  the  tiumber  of  thie  off- 
spring, the  marriage  was  a  happy  one. 

George  Percy,  whose  effigy  is  before 
us,  was  the  eighth  child  and  sixth  son, 
and  was  born  at  Leckonfield  on  St. 
Sampson's  day  (July  28),  1424.  "  He 
was,'*  adds  the  Bishop  of  Dromore,  "  a 
clergyman  ;  yet  he  does  not  appear  ever 
to  have  attained  to  any  other  prefer- 
ment but  a  prebend  in  the  collegiate 
church  of  Beverley."  By  Torre's  me- 
morandum from  his  will,  we  are  now, 
however,  informed  of  other  prefer- 
ments. In  that  document,  which  is 
dated  Nov.  14,  1474,  he  styles  himself 
*•  George  Percy,  uncle  to  Lord  Henry 
Percy,  Earl  of  Northumberland,  Rector 
of  the  churches  of  Rothbory  and  Kalde- 


*  Roc  Fib.  S  £dw.  III.  m.  7 ;    1  Edw.  III.  m.  99. 

f  Not  a  vMtige  of  ibe  mantioii  at  Leckoo6eld  now  remiios  ;  bat  we  learn  from  Leiaad 
that,  thovtth  it  was  fortified  bj  licence  from  the  Crown  in  9  £dw.  II.  (id08),  it  wae 
chiefly  buiU  of  wood.  «  Lekingfeld,"  be  mji,  «  it  a  large  house,  and  stondith  withyn  a 
great  mote,  yn  one  very  spatius  courte ;  S  partes  of  the  house,  saving  the  meane  gate  that 
la  made  of  bnke,  is  al  of  tymbie.  The  4  parte  is  fitir,  made  of  stone,  and  sum  brike.  I 
Mw  in  a  litle  studiyng  chaomber  ther,  caullid  Paradice,  the  Genealogie  of  the  Percys.  The 
Park  therby  is  very  fiur  and  large,  and  meately  wclle  woddid.  Ther  is  a  fair  tour  of  brikt, 
for  a  ^ofn  ya  the  Park." — It  is  worthy  of  remark,  that  in  the  Earl  of  Northumberland'a 
castle  otWreeel,  Lalaad  also  met  with  a  small  library  bearing  the  same  enthusiastic  name 
as  this  at  Leckooifield.  Such  notices  of  a  regard  for  literature  in  the  frmilies  of  our  ancient 
DobiUty  are  always  inCersating,  and  wt  are  tempted  to  add  here  the  passage  penned  by  Le- 
laad  oa  this  second  occasion,  in  the  warmth  of  his  bibliomaniaca]  admiration.  "  One  thing,** 
be  says,  "  I  likid  ezoadingly  yn  one  of  the  towers,  that  was  a  study  oanllid  Paradise,  wner 
was  a  closet  in  the  midle,*  of  8  squares  latasid  aboute,  and  at  the  toppe  of  every  sqaare  was  a 
desk  ledgid,  to  set  bookaa  on ;  and  oofirs  withyn  them ;  and  these  semid  aa  yoinid  hard  to 
the  toppe  of  the  closet,  and  yet,  by  palling,  one  or  al  wold  com  downe,  brette  high,  in  ra- 
bettes,  and  serve  fordaskaa  to  lay  bokas  on."  As  a  farther  evidence  of  a  literary  taste,  may 
be  noticed  that,  aa  well  in  the  hoose  of  Leckonfield,  in  the  New  Lodge  in  the  Park,  and  al 
Wresel,  were  inscribed  round  the  apartments  a  large  assemblage  of  versified  proverbs  and 
other  moral  poetry,  '*  chiefiy  collected,"  we  are  told,  *<  by  the  fifth  Earl,'*  and  oopiee  of 
which,  from  the  Royal  MSS.  in  the  British  Museom,  art  printed  in  the  Aotiquarian  Keper- 
tory.  It  is  to  be  feared  that  they  prodooad  little  effwt  In  the  mind  of  Henry  the  Eigotb, 
who  lodged  at  Lcckoafield  ia  his  progress  to  Hall  in  1641. 


^12 


BaS'Relie/i  in  the  Church  at  Beverley. 


[March, 


beck."  The  former  benefice  is  in 
Northumberlaod,  and  in  the  palronage 
of  the  see  of  York ;  and  our  clerk  was 
probably  presented  to  it  by  his  first 
cousin  George  Nevill,  brother  to  the 
kiug-making  Earl  of  Warwick,  and 
Archbishop  of  York  from  1465  to 
1476.  The  latter,  now  written  Cald- 
beck,  is  in  Cumberland,  and  in  the  pa- 
tronage of  the  see  of  Carlisle;  and  the 
Beverley  Prebendary  probably  obtained 
his  presentation  to  it  from  his  younger 
brother  William  Percy,  who,  it  may 
be  presumed,  was  a  man  of  superior 
abilities  to  George,  as  he  was  appointed 
Bishop  of  Carlisle  in  1452;  ne  was 
also  Chancellor  of  the  University  of 
Cambridge  from  1461  to  1456,  and 
died  in  1 462. 

The  effigy  of  this  highly  connected 
priest  is  much  covered  with  armorial 
shields,  a  circumstance  very  unusual  in 
figures  of  ecclesiastics. 

On  his  maniple  are:  1.  Three  lions 
passant,  under  a  label  of  three  points. 
—2.  Checquy,  Clifford.— 3.  A  bend 
engrailed  between  two  crescents. — 4. 
A  manche.— 5.  Three  legs  of  ilfan.— 
6.  A  fess. 

On  the  bottom  of  his  robe  are  the 
following  coats :  Checquy,  Clifford.— 
A  fess  between  two  or  three  lioncels 
rampant,  impaling  three  lions  passant 
guardani. — A  lion  rampant,  a  chief. 

On  the  hem  of  his  robe :  A  fess  be- 
tween two  chevrons. — ^Threc — A 

chevron  between  beasts'  heads. — ^Three 
stags'  or  bulls*  heads.— A  fess  between 
three  boars'  heads. 

On  the  bottom  of  his  hood,  among 
other  coats,  are  distinguished,  three 
lions  passant  guardant,  and  a  fess  be- 
tween two  roundels.*  J.  G.  N. 

Mr.  Urban,        Grimshy,  Feb.  4. 

THERE  is  an  anomaly  in  the  fine 
Church  at  Beverley,  which  would 
appear  surprising  to  the  improved  taste 
and  feeling  of  the  present  age,  were  we 
not  in  possession  of  certam  historical 
facts,  which,  while  they  serve  to  ac- 
count for  what  would  be  otherwise  in- 
explicable, inducea  doubt  of  the  sanity 
of  a  religion  that  could  abet  such  aber- 
rations froni  solemnity  and  decorum,  as 
were  exhibited  in  those  absurd  farces, 
the  Abbot  of  Misrule,  the  Boy  Bishop, 

*  We  think  these  arms  could  be  more  cor- 
rectly made  out  by  a  fresh  examiiuttion  wiUi 
ikc  original. 


the  Morisco,  the  Theatrical  Miracles, 
the  Feast  of  Fools,  and  other  mumme- 
ries, whose  sanction  was  derogatory  to 
the  practice  of  that  sober  and  decorous 
worship  which  the  creature  ought  to 
pay  to  the  Creator.  I  allude  to  the  bas- 
reliefs  on  the  subsellia  or  moveable 
seats  in  the  choir.  When  I  first  beheld 
these  uncouth  figures,!  was  struck  with 
wonder  at  the  grotesque  and  even  inde- 
cent postures  in  which  many  of  them 
are  pourtrayed,  and  felt  somewhat  at  a 
loss  to  account  for  their  introduction 
into  a  sacred  structure  dedicated  to  the 
service  of  the  Most  High.  The  history 
of  the  times  in  which  they  were  sculp- 
tured, however,  furnished  me  with  a 
clue  towards  their  elucidation,  and 
subsequent  reflection  has  suggested  the 
following  arrangement : — 

1 .  They  are  probably  either  memo- 
rials of  individuals  wno  were  chiefly 
concerned  in  beautifying  the  choir  witn 
the  richly  tabernacled  stalls  which  still 
add  a  splendour  to  this  portion  of  the 
edifice ;  or, 

2.  They  bear  a  reference  to  local 
customs  and  usages  ;  or 

3.  To  ancient  legends  of  the  saints  1  or, 

4.  They  refer,  in  symbol  or  carica- 
ture, to  the  persons  or  propensities  of 
individuals. 

The  former  of  these  classes  embraces 
but  few  of  the  designs.  On  one  of  the 
stalls  is  a  central  group  representing  a 
person  of  some  distinction  in  a  huDtiog 
dress,  with  a  hawk  on  bis  fist,  and  at- 
tended by  servants  and  dogs  ;  flanked 
by  single  figures,  a  dog  feeding,  and  a 
game  cock  trimmed  for  the  fist ;  and 
inscribed  with  the  name  of  the  Rev. 
John  Wake,  who  was  probably  one  of 
the  prebendaries,  and  attached  to  the 
sports  of  the  field  and  other  recreations 
which  were  prevalent  in  the  sixteenth 
century.  Here  are  also  a  few  coats  of 
arms,  which  undoubtedly  refer  to  indi- 
viduals connected  with  the  establish- 
ment at  thesame  period.  A  fess  between 
three  weights,  with  this  inscription^ 
tempore  S^inmi  9^pg&t  cancfnarft  fm* 
iu^^ttU^iat,  and  two  men  bearing 
heavy  weights  fi^r  supporters.  ADOCber» 
(]uarterly  I  1  and  4,  three  pallets  cooped 
in  chief  to  make  room  for  as  manj 
roundels.  S  and  3,  a  chevron  between 
mullets  ;  supported  on  the  dexter  side 
by  an  eagle,  and  on  the  sinister  by  a 
stag  collared,  seated  on  a  cask  or  tun, 
to  which  he  is  chained ;  and  having  this 
inscription:  Srma  JUagi^trt  (Ciailie 
Donpngton  cantarit  (uju^  CtcUjfiBi. 


1830.] 


Boi'ReUefs  in  the  Chm'eh  at  Beoirley. 


31S 


The  ihird  coal  is  charged  with  a  fest 
with  rays  beiween  three  martleu,  sup* 
ported  by  a  falcoQ  on  the  dexter  side, 
and  a  fox  passant  regardant  on  the  si* 
nisier.  The  inscription  (placed  round 
two  separate  carvines  of  a  martlet  and 
falcon.)  is.  Xrma  leinielmi  <(aCf  (ac 
tori#  mMavLtavii  Imin^  4EccMtaf.— 

15«0.» 

The  second  class  is  more  numerous. 
Bear  and  bull  baiting  was  a  favourite 
amusement  in  Beverley,  from  the  ear- 
liest limes  down  lo  a  very  recent  period, 
and  was  in  full  oueration  when  these 
sulls  were  erected.     All  ranks  joined 
in  it,  notexceptingcrownedand  mitred 
heads,  on  their  frequent  visits  to  the 
town  ;  and  consequently  it  would  not 
be  rejected,  either  oy  clergy  or  laity. — 
Accordingly   we   have    here   frequent 
mementos  of  the  sport.  On  one  seat  is 
depicted  a  mounted  bear-ward, with  se- 
veral muzzled  bears  under  his  charse ; 
on  another,a  reluctant  bear  is  compelled 
to  the  stake  by  being  drawn  thither  on 
a  sledge ;  another  is  conveyed  by  eager 
amateurs  with  a  wheelbarrow ;  and  at 
length  a   regular  bear  bailing  is  dis- 
played in  its  full  perfection,    ^ut  this 
animal  is  introduced  in  other  situations 
still  more  ludicrous  ;  and  the  attendant 
monkeys,  which  were  usually  associated 
with  Sir  Bruin,  are  pourtrayed  in  every 
mimic  posture.    Tnus  the  artist  has 
favourea  his  admirers  with  the  repre- 
sentation of  a  bear  dancing  to  the  de- 
lectable music  produced  by  the  bagpipes 
of  his  companion  monkey.  Another  of 
these  roiscnievous  animals  is  employed 
in  nursing  an  infant ;  a  third  affects  to 
use  the  hinder  parts  of  a  dog  like  a  mu- 
sical instrument ;  while  others  appear 
to  be  engaged  in  some  grotesque  mum- 
mery, and  are  disporting  themselves  on 
the  backs  of  men.    To  this  class  mav 
also  be  referred  that  bas-relief  which 
represents  three  fellows  drest  in   antic 
habilimenu,    dancing  a   morisco,  at- 
tended by  two  companions  in  similar 
habits,  the  one  playmg  a  pipe  and  U- 
bor,and  the  other placra  in  an  uncouth 
posture,  with  a  fool's  bauble   in    his 
hand.t     Here  is  another,  of  an  over- 
grown goose  with  a  man's  head  appear- 
ing at  the  breast.  These  kind  of  repre- 
sentations were  perfectly  familiar  to  the 
people  of  England  at  the  time  here 

*  Of  this  bas-relief  thare  is  a  plate  in 
Scaam't  History  of  Beverley. 

t  Also  repreteotetl  in  the  History;  see 
likewise  a  wood-cnt  in  our  Vol.  zcjv.  i.  $2. 


referred  to  ;  for  the  Feast  of  Fools  and 
other  buffooneries  were  periodically 
exhibited  before  the  public  by  the  jo- 
culators  ;  and  one  chief  excellence  of 
their  profession  was  to  assume  the  garb 
and  manners  of  brutes,  and  to  imitate 
their  cries.  The  sports  of  the  field  are 
also  here  represented.  On  one  seat  is 
a  pack  of  hounds,  with  the  huntsman 
winding  his  horn  ;  and  on  another  an 
actual  boar  hunt,  the  animal  at  bay, 
and  the  huntsman  striking  him  with  a 
boar-spear. 

The  third  class  may  include  the  bas- 
relief  of  St.  George  and  the  dragon  ;  a 
naked  figure  to  represent  a  human  soul 
consigned  to  torment.and  placed  within 
the  clutches  of  a  daemon  ;  and  an  ex- 
communicated person  on  his  knees,  in 
the  act  of  preparing  for  submission  to 
the  highest  censure  of  the  church,  short 
of  actual  excision,  public  penance ; 
with  others  of  the  same  nature. 

The  explication  of  the  fourth  clan 
must  depend  somewhat  more  on  con- 
jecture; but  who  can  contemplate  the 
portraiture  of  a  dancing  master  giving 
professional  instruction  to  an  aged  mon- 
key, without  observinga  sly  insinnation 
to  some  antique  bean,   %vho  wishes   lo 
emulate  the  fire  of  youth,  and  endea- 
vours to  ingratiate  himself  with   the 
softer  sex  by  increasing  the  elasticity  of 
his  limbs  wii.i  gentle  exercises?     Or 
who  can  behold  a  grave  physician  pre- 
scribing lo  a  superannuated  goat,  and 
withhold  his  assent  to  the  conjecture 
that  the  animal  alludes  to  some  libidi- 
nous fellow,  then  well   known,  who 
had  brought  on  himself  a  premature 
old  age  and  imbecility,  by  the  practice 
of  vices  which  baffle  the  skill  of  the 
most  experienced  medical  practitioner? 
What  can  be  the  meaning  of  a  picture 
representing  the  devil  attending  a  soli- 
tary drunkard,  but  to  convey  the  just 
and  striking  moral  that  perdition  awaits 
the  miserable  wretch  who  wastes  time, 
substance,  and   constitution,   on  this 
execrable  vice  ?     Again,  we  hare  here 
the  delineation  of  a  sacred  assembly  ;  * 
but,  alas !  a  fox  is  the  preacher,  while 
the  hearers  arc  geese.    This  is  an  apt 
representation  of  an  ecclesiastic  who 
prefers  the  fleece  to  the  flock  ;  a  crafty 
popular    preacher,    who    delights   in 
plucking  ao  audieuce  which  he  collects 
by  a  plausible  afiectation  of  sanctity, 
which  they,  like  silly  geese,  believe  to 
be  genoine,  while  in  private  he  laughs 
at  the  stupid  credulity  of  the  dupex  by 
whom  ht  it  lauded  to  the  skies.    One 


914 


Mr.  Upham*$  Reply  to  Mr.  Higgim. 


[March, 


would  almost  wonder  how  soch  a  cari- 
cature wai  admitted  into  this  situation. 
What  can  be  the  significant  meaning 
of  a  monkey  mounted  on  the  back  of 
a  hare,  but  that  a  timid  and  perhaps 
opulent  individual  is  placed  under  the 
implicit  direction  of  a  designing  and 
politic  scoundrel,  who  makes  equally 
free  with  his  name,  repuution,  and 

Kurse.  Here  also  we  have  a  muzzled 
ear  instructing  a  monkey  to  play  the 
Scotch  bagpipe  ;  and  a  choir  of  young 
pigs  followmg  the  lead  of  bruin  on  the 
same  instrument.  Now  what  is  the 
muzzled  bear  but  some  supercilious  of- 
ficer of  the  establishment, who  had  been 
reduced,  either  for  tippling  or  loquacity, 
and  compelled  for  his  subsistence  to 
drill  the  sluggish  singing  boys,  symbol- 
ized by  swine,  and  tne  pert  musicians 
typified  in  the  monkev  ?  Some  bur- 
lesque reference  to  tne  fraternity  of 
minstrels  which  existed  at  Beverley 
under  the  protection  of  its  Aldehman, 
is  probably  contained  in  the  represen- 
tation of  a  hog  elevated  on  his  hind  lep, 
and  solemnly  executing  some  favourite 
measure  upon  the  harp.  On  another 
seat,  the  same  animal  is  playing  the 
bagpipes,  while  several  of  his  compa- 
nion swine  are  engaged  in  a  merry 
dance.  All  these  were  most  likely  well- 
known  characters. 

On  a  few  of  these  subsellia  are  de- 
lineated satirical  pictures,  which  seem 
to  bear  a  more  direct  reference  to  real 
persons  and  real  transactions ;  for  being 
intended  to  represent  individuals  in  a 
more  humble  sphere  of  life,  there  ap- 
peared less  need  of  mystery  and  symbol. 
One  of  this  character  displays  the  figures 
of  two  workmen,  who,  having  quar- 
reled, are  in  the  act  of  determining 
their  differences  by  single  combat ;  the 
one  is  armed  with  a  mallet  and  the 
other  with  a  chisel,  and  they  are  at- 
tended by  their  seconds.  The  man  with 
the  mallet,  being  armed  with  the  most 
formidable  weapon,  has  evidently  the 
advantase;  he  is  preparing  to  strike  a 
blow  which  infuses  terror  into  one  of 
the  seconds,  and  to  avoid  it  the  chisel 
man  retires.  This  apparent  want  of 
courage  excites  the  contempt  of  the 
other  second,  which  he  manifests  by 
holding  his  nose.  Another  bas-relief 
displays  a  shrew  conveyed  by  her  hus- 
band to  the  cucking-stool  in  a  wheel- 
barrow. Her  countenance  exhibits  the 
furious  workings  of  her  mind  at  the 
contemplation  of  the  proposed  mark  of 
distinction  to  which  she  has  been  ele- 


vated by  her  superior  powers  of  rheto- 
ric; and  her  feelings  are  strikingly 
pourtrayed  by  the  attack  which  sue 
makes  upon  her  husband's  cranium. 

I  here  close  this  enquiry  for  the  pre- 
sent, hoping  that  the  few  hints  aboYe 
submitted  may  induce  a  more  minute 
investigation  of  this  curious  subject 
than  is  usually  bestowed  upon  it  bj 
writers  on  ecclesiastical  topography. 

I  am.  Sir,  yours,  &c.    Geo.  Olitbr. 

Mr.  Urbav,  March  13. 

r'  appears  to  roe  one  of  the  most 
indisputable  of  positions  that  no 
man,  whatever  may  be  his  station  or 
acquirements,  has  any  moral  right  to 
impugn  or  attack  any  of  the  established 
remilations  in  society,  either  ciyi!  or 
religious,  without  the  means  of  folly 
justifying  his  undertaking,  and  the 
candour  to  establish  or  disaYOw  his 
opinions  if  they  are  proved  to  be  fal- 
lacious. 

With  Mr.  Higgins's  creed  I  hare 
nothing  to  do,  and  I  have  left  it  where 
it  must  ultimately  rest,  betwixt  himaelf 
and  his  Creator;  but  bis  assertions, 
whereinsoever  they  appeal  to  facts,  I 
have  endeavoured  fairly  atid  candidly 
to  examine;  and,  according  to  my 
•pinion,  they  lamentably  break  down 
under  him.  If  there  be  any  fallacy  or 
error  in  my  arguments,  they  lie  open 
to  Mr.  Higgins*s  refuution ;  bat  if, 
from  the  testimony  of  Mobammed't 
own  wives,  I  can  prove  his  life  to  have 
been  vicious  and  sensual ;  if  even  the 
brightest  portions  of  his  Koran  are 
borrowed  from  our  Scriptures,  and 
those  which  are  not,  are  stained,  by 
luscious  and  impure  images  few  would 
care  to  peruse ;  if  it  appears  that  !•• 
lamism,  instead  of  iu  boasted  tolera- 
tion,  has  in  fact  become  a  withering 
atrophy  over  the  whole  East,  convert- 
ing the  most  popular  districts  and 
provinces  into  sandy  deserts:  if  the 
Emperor  Ukbur,  instead  of  merely 
evincing  toleration  in  his  religiona 
creed,  arrogated  to  himself  such  powers 
as  amount  to  an  aberration  of  reason ; 
and  if  I  can  prove  the  amiable  QjDrck- 
hardt,  instead  of  having  died  a  convert 
to  Islamism,  as  Mr.  Hi^ns  has  nar* 
rated,  to  have  ended  his  days  in  the 
Christian  faith ;  in  all  these  points, 
which  are  indeed  his  strongholds  and 
only  positive  references,  1  conceive  Mr. 
H.  is  bound  to  adduce  fresh  evidence, 
or  to  admit  his  absolute  failure. 

The  fabled  mildness  and  suavity  of 


1830.]        Reply  to  Mr.  Higgim. — Bon.  and  Rev.  G.  Spencer. 


915 


the  Ottoman  role,  I  have  adverted  to 
in  the  conclading  part  of  my  remarks ; 
and  they  are  principles  about  as  mani- 
fest as  Mr.  Hiffgins's  friendship  and 
advocation  of  Christianity — both  can- 
not fail  of  reminding  the  reader  of  the 
exclamation  of  the  impatient  listener 
to  what  an  injudicious  friend  had  orged 
in  his  defence — '•  Heaven  deliver  me 
from  my  friends !"  he  exclaimed ;  "  and 
as  for  my  enemies,  I  well  know  how  to 
guard  myself  against  them." 

One  further  trespass  I  would  make 
on  your  pages  respecting  the  conversion 
of  the  Emperor  Ukbur,  both  because 
of  the  illustrious  character  which  he 
bore,  and  also  for  the  beautiful  descrip- 
tion of  his  tomb,  and  the  fact  of  his 
apotheosis,  which  is  not  generally 
known. 

When  I  referred  to  "  The  Quarterly 
Oriental  Magazine,'*  published  at  Cal- 
cutta, for  the  evidence  which  I  adduced 
in  refutation  of  Mr.  Higgins's  remarks 
respecting  the  Mussulman  orthodoxy 
of  the  Emperor  Ukbur,  I  had  not  the 
work  before  me,  and  quoted  merely 
from  memory,  and  knew  not  how 
much  stronger  to  the  purpose  the  real 
truth,  as  far  as  concerns  the  passage  in 
question,  is ;  for  it  is  not  a  little  singular 
that  the  Mogul  Emperor  Ukbur  mani- 
fested the  most  decided  indifference 
to  the  subject  of  religion  altogether,  by 
speaking  of  all  religions  as  equally  false 
and  imperfect!  Thus  he  completely 
nulliBes  the  assertion  of  his  refusing 
his  conviction  to  the  faith  of  Christ 
upon  anv  admitted  superiority  of  Is- 
bmism,  but  solely  as  arising  from  his 
inflated  pride  in  assuming  to  himself 
divine  honours.  The  passage  itself  is 
iMirt  of  a  letter,  descriptive  of  the 
Governor-general  Lord  Amherst's  visit 
to  Agra,  the  state  of  which,  and  that 
also  of  Taj  Muhal,  the  splendid  marble 
tomb  of  the  beautiful  Noor  Jehan,  is 
so  particularly  interesting  that  1  cannot 
resist  copying  it  for  the  pages  of  your 
instructive  and  useful  Magazine. 

"  Early  in  tba  morning  of  the  10th  of 
iftnaary,  18S7,  we  visited  Seeundrm,  the 
awnsolciiin  <^  tncbur  the  Great,  the  most 
liberal  and  enlightened  of  the  Mogul  So- 
vereigns s  *  bnt  who,  not  satisfied  with  all 

*  There  can  be  no  qneation  bat  that 
Ukbor  was  truly  rma  fai  his  principles  of 
government,  as  well  m  the  general  toleration 
of  his  nde  {  but  when,  from  his  policy  as  a 
sovereign,  we  read  of  his  arrogant  impie^  as 
a  man,  who  can  repress  a  sign  for  the  weak- 
and  folly  of  poor  baaumitj  ? 


the  glory  and  fiune  attainable  by  a  mere 
mortal,  was  desirous  of  blending  with  it  the 
exalted  veneration  which  is  due  only  to  the 
Deity  \    Ccnsiderifig  all  rdigions  as  equaUy 
false  and  imperfect,  he  followed  the  example 
of  MahoBMt  in  framiae  a  new  creed  :  but, 
more  ambitions  than  toe  Prophet,  he  prO' 
claimed  himat^f  the  god  I  The  entrance-gate 
to  his  mausoleum  is  in  bad  repair,  but  b 
still  handsome,  and  highly  ornamented.  The 
hct  is  covered  with  a  kind  of  Mosaic  work, 
composed  of  different  kinds  of  stones,  inlaid 
in  various  patterns.     A  fine  stone  terrace^ 
aboat  three  yards  long,  intersecting  an  ex- 
tensive garden,  leads  straight  to  the  manso- 
leom.     It  is  built  in  a  totelly  difterent  style 
from  the  T«J,  with  which  it  bears  no  com- 
parison ;  but  its  lie ht  and  complicated  archi- 
tecture is  not  without  its  peculiar  elegance. 
It  is  built  of  red  stone,  and  is  one  entire 
succession  of  arches  on  arches,  or  galleries 
on    galleries }    on   the  summit  of  which, 
crowning  all,   is  an  area,    surrounded   by 
a  marbw  tkreen,  richly  carved.     In   the 
centre  of  this  area  is  the  elegant  monument 
of  Ukbur,  of  white  marble.  *  The  god  Ukbur , 
may  his  glory  be  magnified,'  together  with 
the  huudred  names  of  the  Deity,  it  inscribed 
upon  it  in  Arabic,  interwoven  with  fiowers 
and  leaves,  beautifully  executed  in  relief. 
The  view  from  the  summit  is  extremely  fine, 
the  immediate  neighbourhood  being  covered 
with  ruins  of  the  tombs  of  hb  wives,  nobles, 
or  courtiers,  who,  &ithful  in  death  as  in  life, 
repose  their  ashes  around  the  tomb  of  their 
king  and  their  fincied  god.     In  the  dbtance 
lies  the  town  and  fort  of  Agra,  ravines,  and 
ruins;   and,  above  all,  the  beautiful  Taj, 
*  the  diamond  of  the  desert.'" 

Yours,  &c.     Edward  Upham . 

Mr.  Urban,    Kensington,  Mar,  25. 

I  BEG,  as  an  occasional  correspon- 
dent of  your  Miscellanj,  to  except 
to  two  communications  in  the  last 
Number;  and  first,  the  gratuitous  apo- 
logy and  panegyric  of  Theodorus,  (p. 
103,)  on  the  apostacy  of  the  Hon.  and 
Rev.  Geo.  Spencer,  which,  as  he  re- 
marks with  pKPCuliar  depth  of  observa' 
tion,  '  is  in  iuelf  not  a  little  remarka- 
ble.* But,  as  he  proceeds,  what  renders 
it  more  so  is,  that  by  the  change  he  will 
have  to  forego  a  very  large  and  lucra- 
tive church  preferment ;  which  we 
are  told  is  hisniy  creditable  to  his  ho- 
nesty, &c.  '  Fudge !'  about  as  much  so 
as  a  mail  on  his  death-bed  bequeathing 
his  possessions,  because  he  cannot  keep 
them  any  longer.  If  this  be  the  7ih  or 
8th  person  of  consequence  (query  ?)who 
has  so  lost  himself,  it  only  proves  that 
such  individuals  are  lamentably  c^cteni 
inintellect,  or  that  they  arc  very  weakly 
grounded  in  the  Protestant  faith  ;  and 


216         Dangers  of  Popery. '^MahomeU'^Tavistock  Abbey.      [March* 


if  the  assertion  with  regard  to  Cam- 
bridge be  correct,  it  is  a  most  disgrace- 
ful distinction  to  the  University  to  have 
placed  herself  on  that '  bad  eminence/ 
—The  advocates  of  the  late  disastrous 
measure  told  us  it  would  be  a  means  of 
promoting  the  Protestant  cause ;  but 
now  we  are  coolly  informed  that  '  it 
looks  very  much  as  if  Catholicism  (by 
what  rignt  does  he  put  the  whole  for  a 
part?)  would  again  increase.*  And 
does  a  Protestant*  pen  this?  Alas  I 
that  the  blood  of  the  martyrs  should,  in 
this  degenerate  age,  cease  to  germinate 
as  the  seed  of  the  church. 

We  are  also  told  that  the  liberal  sen- 
timents entertained  bv  all  modern  Ca- 
tholics (Papists)    will   guarantee   the 
public,   &c.  —  Monstrous !     Contrary 
alike  to  experience,  to  facts,  and  to  the 
nature  of  man.  And  again,  '  that  cha- 
rity and   munificence   will  spring   as 
heretofore,  &c.*  Is  this  to  be  tolerated  ? 
—To  what  do  we  owe  the  unexam- 
pled flow  of  benevolence  in  every  pos- 
sible channel,  which  adorns  and  ferti- 
lizes, not  Britain  only,  but  extends  to 
every  quarter  of  the  globe,  makins  the 
barren  wilderness  to  rejoice  and  blos- 
som as  the  rose?  Not,  God  be  praised, 
to  the  spirit  of  Popery.     Theodorus 
says  he  has  *  travelled  over  a  large  por- 
tion of  Europe,  and  has  been  surprised 
at  the  manner  in  which  the  (Roman) 
Catholic  church  is  beginning  again  to 
prevail'     A  rational  being  might  well 
be  surprised— 'SL  true  Protestant  will 
lament,  and  see  in  it  the  fulfilment   of 
the  prophecy  that  *  For  this  cause  God 
shall  send  them  strong  delusion,  that 
they  should  believe  a /fe' — see  SThess. 
2d  ch.  As  for  its  modern  spiniot tolera- 
tion, we  must  look  for  if,  not  in  the 
fluctuating  medium  of  polished  society, 
but  to  the  unerring  index  of  unchanged 
and  unchangeable  bulls  and  decretals. 
Theodorus  is  sorry  thatDmm  is  gain- 
ing   ground  among  many  superficial 
young  men,  &c.  (as  if  the  converts  to 
Popery  were  deep  !)     So  am   I — but 
not  surprised — Popery  and  Deism,  if 
not  Atheism,   will   advance   together 
(see  B.   White's   lt!xpos^) ;    but  how 
*  piety  and  infidelity  can  produce  each 
other'  I  cannot  comprehend,  even  by 
help  of  the   philosophical  elucidation 
that  it  is  *  by  the  reaction  of  party 
spirit!'  His  concluding  sentence,thougn 

*  To  this  we  can  reply,  No ;  we  believe 
our  correspondent  Theodorus  to  be  a  Ro- 
man Githolic. — Edit. 


open  to  remark,  I  willindy  leave  to  its 
own  feebleness  and  incoherence. 

Thus  much  for  your  Popish  apologist ; 
now  one  word  to  your  Mahometan  pa- 
negyrist,    I  can  make  no  pretensions 
to  add  any  ihini;  to  the  excellent  re- 
marks of  Mr.  (Jpham,  which,  in  true 
Turkish  spirit,  Mr.  Higgins  determines 
not  to  read  ;  but  I  cannot  pass  over  his 
extraordinary  assertion,  that  Mahomet 
is  to  be  considered  really  a  Christian, 
because  '  he  professed  to  believe  in  the 
divine  mission  of  Jesus  Christ,  and  in 
the  tru(h  of  the  doctrines  taught  by 
Him*.      If  this   much    suflice   for  a 
Christian,  we  may  give  the  right  hand 
of  fellowship  to  devils,  as  well  as   to 
Turks,  for   they  believe,  and  tremble 
too ;    and,  acknowledging  his   power 
and  authority  over   them,   bore  open 
testimony  that  Jesus  was  the  Son  of 
the  Most  High  God.  Were  it  possible, 
our  next  step  in   the  mad  career  of  li- 
beral it)r  would  be  to  emancipate  those 
high' minded  and  suffering  spirits  froui 
their  unjust  and  cruel  thraldom. 

Yours,  &c.         M.  S. 

Notices  of  Tavistock. 

^Continued  from  p.  IIB.J 

DYNINGTO.N  probably  made 
large  repairs  and  additions  to  the 
buildings  of  his  Abbey,  as  most  of  the 
remains  of  these  now  extant  are  cha- 
racterised by  the  deep  label  moulding 
and  obtusely  pointed  arch  which  be- 
came the  prevailing  characteristic  of 
gothic  architecture  towards  the  close  of 
the  15th  century.  The  great  gate  of 
the  Abbey  is  decorated  with  two  mina- 
rets of  this  period,  and  the  parapet  of 
its  pointed  roof  is  crenellated  and  em- 
battled ;  certainly  a  misapplication  of 
the  crenellated  form,  and  a  specimen  of 
perverted  taste. 
Richard  followed  Denyngton  in  14^; 
Richard  Yeme  or  Yerne  was  next 
elected  in  149 1,  on  whose  death  or  se- 
cession Richard  Banham  became  Ab- 
bat;  he  received  the  temporalities  of 
the  Abbey  June  7ih,  14Q2,  7th  Henry 
VII.  Banham  being  of  an  ambitioui 
character  obtained  for  his  Abbey,which 
Denyngton  had  procured  to  be  a  mitred 
one,  the  further  honour  of  a  seat  in  the 
house  of  peers,  a  privilege  whi«h  the 
circumstance  of  its  being  previously 
dignified  by  the  mitre  did  not  it  seems 
of  itself  confer.  It  is  supposed  that 
Banham  took  this  step  in  order  to  cope 
with  his   diocesan,   Henry  Oldham, 


183a] 


Notieti  of  Tavistock  and  Us  Ahhetf, 


517 


Bishop  of  Exeter,  with  whom  lie  was 
engaged  in  perpetual  coDtests,and  whoae 
excommunieation  he  procured  frooi  the 
Pope,  notwithstanding  the  worthy  and 
tiscftil  character  of  the  Bi»hop. 

The  following  is  a  translation  of  the 
instrument  which  conferred  the  privi- 
lege of  ParUamenC  on  Banhani,  who 
enjoyed  it  but  ten  years,  and  whose 
successor  of  course  lost  it  in  the  next 
rrign  by  the  suppression  of  monasteries. 

<*  Henry,  bj  the  grace  of  God,  &e. 
"  Kdow  ye  that  for  certain  considerations 
*'  especially  moving  ut,  and  lur  the  iieculiar 
**  devotioB  which  we  entertain  and  bear  to- 
*<  wards  the  blessed  Virgin  Mary  the  mother 
**  c(  Christ,  and  St.  lUiroon,  in  honour  of 
"  both  of  whom  the  Abbey  of  Tavistock,  of 
"  the  foundation  of  the  Kings  of  England 
«<  and  under  oar  patronage,  stands  dedicated. 
"  Hence  it  arises  that  of  our  s|>ecial  grace, 
**  certain  knowledge,  and  mere  motion,  we 
**  will  that  the  said  our  Abbey  or  Monas- 
•*  tery  shall  enjoy  the  privilege  and  liberty 
**  of  the  spiritual  lords  of  our,  our  heirs*  and 
'*  successors'  Parliament.  Therefore  we 
^  grani  fur  vs  and  for  our  successors,  at 
**  much  as  in  us  lies,  to  our  right  dear  Fa- 
**  ther  in  Christ,  Richard  fianbam,  Abbat  of 
'*  Tavistock  aforesaid,  and  to  his  successors, 
"  er  to  any  of  them,  who  for  the  time  being 
<*  shall  there  be  Abbat,  that  he  shall  be  one 
'*  of  the  spiritual  and  religious  lords  of  our, 
**  our  heirs*  and  successors*  Parliament,  by 
'*  eojoyiug  the  honour,  privilege,  and  lilter- 
'*  ties  of  the  same.  And  moreover,  of  our 
**  more  abundant  grace,  earnestly  desiriug 
**  the  welfare  of  our  said  mouaslery,  and 
'*  considering  the  distance  thereof,  if  it  shall 
'<  happen  XoU  aay  Abbat  for  the  time  being 
<*  is  or  shall  be  absent  on  the  service  of  the 
'*  said  monastery,  and  by  reason  thereof  not 
"  coming  to  the  Parliament  aforesaid  of  us, 
"  our  heirs  or  successors,  we  pardon  by  these 
<*  presents  such  our  Abbat*s  absence,  pro- 
'*  vided  always  that  he  fortliwith  pay  into 
'*  our  exchequer  for  such  his  absence,  by  hia 
*'  attorney,  five  marks,  fur  us,  our  heirs  and 
*<  successors,  as  often  and  as  many  tiroes  as 
*<  the  same  in  future  shall  happen.  In  wit- 
**  ness  whereof,  &c." 

John  Pyryn  succeeded  Banham,  and, 
with  the  Monks  assembled  in  chapter, 
surrendered  the  Abbey  to  the  King's 
Commissioners  on  the  2Uth  March, 
1538.  Of  the  iwcnty-two  signatures 
which  appear  on  the  margin  of  the 
deed  of  surrender,  the  following  may 
be  noted.  The  Abbat  and  ttie  Prior 
sign  first: — "  Per  me  Joh'em  Abbale*, 
per  me  Robertu*  VVaUh,  priorc*;'*  then 
indiscriminately  are  found  '*  Joh'cs 
Harrits,  suhprior,  Ryc'(Ricardus)  cur- 
ios," &c.  The  Abbat  retired  on  a  pen- 

Giirr.  Mao.  F^ebruary,  1830. 


sion  of  one  hundred  pounds  per  tnnom, 
at  that  period  a  very  large  one ;  the  Prior 
had  a  stipend  of  10/.  per  annum  ;  the 
sub- prior  one  of  8/. ;  the  monks  from 
6/.  to  51. 6t.  S(L  each  ;  and  two  novices 
were  allowed  2/.  per  annum.  The  Ab« 
bat  continued  to  reside  at  Tavistock,  in 
the  enjoyment  of  the  comfortable  pro- 
TJsion  which  had  been  assigned  him; 
at  which  place,  in  the  year  1549,  he 
made  his  will,  which  bemg  proved  in 
April,  1550,  we  may  conclude  that  he 
died  about  that  lime. 

Tlie  dissolved  Abbey  of  Tavistock 
and  its  dependencies,  were,  by  the 
King's  letter- patent,  dated  the  4th  of 
July,  in  the  thirty-first  year  of  his 
reign,  granted  to  John  Lord  Russel, 
Ann  his  wife,  and  their  lawful  heirs 
male,  at  a  certain  /eservcd  rent.*  Lord 
Russel  had  been  received  into  the 
favour  of  Henry  VIL,  knighted  by  his 
successor,  and  created  a  Baron  of  the 
realm ;  nominated  Lord  Warden  of 
the  Stannaries  in  Devon  and  Corn- 
wall, Lord  Privy  Seal,  and  one  of  the 
Councillors  of  Edward  VL  during  his 
minority.  He  was  constituted  Lord 
High  Steward  at  the  coronation  of  that 
youthful  monarch,  and  on  the  insur- 
rection which  broke  out  at  Sampford 
Courtenay,  in  Devon,  and  which  was 
followed  by  the  siege  of  the  capital  of 
the  west,  Exeter, Lordf  Russel  marched 
against  the  rebels,  totally  routed,  and 
dispersed  them.  For  these  services  he 
was  shortly  after  created  Earl  of  Bed- 
ford. It  is  not  the  object  of  these  notes 
to  enter  at  length  into  the  history  of 
this  ancient  and  noble  house ;  sunice 
it  to  say,  that  William,  the  fifth  de- 
scendant from  the  Earl,  was,  in  the 
reign  of  William  and  Mary,  created 
Marquis  of  Tavistock  and  Duke  of 
Bedford,  and  his  present  worthy  de- 
scendant, John  Duke  of  Bedford,  is  in 
possession  of  the  lands  and  ecclesiasti- 
cal impropriations  of  the  dissolved  Ab- 
bey. At  Kndileigh,  a  demesne  of  the 
Abbey,  his  Grace  has  erected  an  ele- 
gant cottage  ornie,  delightfully  sur- 
munded  by  woods  and  rocks,  through 
the  midst  of  which  the  waters  of  the 
Tainar  glide  on  their  course  towards 
Newbridge,  and  thence  past  the  tower- 
ini5  crajjs  ofMorwcIl  and  the  wooded 
heights  of  Cothele,  on  their  way  to 
their  magnificent  embouchure  the  Ha- 
monzeand  Plymouth  harbour. 

•  Fee-Farm  Roll,  AugraenUtion  Office, 
t  See  Holinshed,  pp.  1003  etse<j. 


218 


NoOces  of  Twriitoek  and  Us  Abbeif. 


[March, 


Browne  Willis  informs  as  that  the 
venerable  church  of  St.  Mary  and  St. 
Rumon  remained  standing  in  its  rains 
till  about  the  jrear  I670,  when  its  ma* 
terials  were  given  to  build  a  school* 
house  ;  it  must  have  been  a  magniAcent 
structure,  as  from  the  best  information 
he  could  obtain,  it  extended,  inclusive 
of  the  usual  appendage  of  a  chapel  de- 
dicated to  the  Virxin  at  the  east  end, 
upwards  of  350  feet  in  length.  The 
only  indications  6f  its  existence  appear 
when  in  digging  the  eraves  on  its  site, 
which  is  now  included  within  the  ce- 
metery of  the  parish  church,  portions 
of  its  elegant  pavement  are  thrown  out, 
consisting  of  those  glazed  and  orna- 
mented tiles  which  were  disported  in 
our  ancient  sacred  edifices  in  an  infi- 
nite variety  of  connected  patterns.  The 
Cloisters,  which  were  generally  placed 
on  the  south  or  sunny  side  of  the  mo- 
nastic churches,  were  in  that  situation 
at  Tavistock.  I  have  alreadjr  mentioned 
the  single  arch  of  these  cloisters,  which 
still  remains.  They  were  about  forty 
yards  in  length.  On  the  east  of  these 
was  a  door  into  the  Chapter-house,  the 
walls  of  which  were  extant  in  Willis's 
day ;  he  describes  it  as  a  structure  con- 
taining 36  stalls,  beautifully  arched 
over  head  ;  by  which  I  conclude  it  was 
one  of  those  elegant  multangular  build- 
ings, whose  groined  roofs  are  usually 
supported  by  a  single  pillar  in  the  cen- 
tre. The  chapter-house  and  Saxon 
school,  which  I  shall  mention  hereafter, 
were  pulled  down  in  1736,  in  order  to 
construct  a  residence  for  the  Duke  of 
Bedford's  steward  on  their  site;  this 
was  called  the  Abbey-house,  and  is  now 
replaced  by  the  Bedford  Arms  Inn. — 
While  I  am  writing  this  account,  I  am 
informed  in  a  letter  from  Mrs.  Bray 
that  part  of  the  pavement  of  the  chap- 
ter-house has  oeen  just  discovered, 
consisting  of  tiles,  bearing  the  figures  of 
lions  and  fishes :  having  no  drawing  at 
present  of  these  tiles,  I  can  only  ob- 
serve that  the  lion,  either  passant  or 
rampant,  has  been  borne  in  the  armo- 
rial coat  of  the  £arls  of  Cornwall  ever 
since  the  time  of  Reginald  (base  son  of 
Henry  I.  a  benefactor  to  the  Abbey), 
and  that  by  the  fishes  some  allusion  to 
the  possessions  of  the  Abbey  in  the 
Scilly  Isles  may  be  intended. 

The  refectory  stands  behind  the  Ab- 
bey-house, or  Bedford  Arms  Inn,  and 
is  still,  as  in  Browne  Willis's  day,  a 
meeting-house.  A  stone  pulpit,within 
the  mehiory  of  some  aged  persons,  was 
remaining  against    the    wall  of  this 


boilding,  whence  the  monks  were  edi- 
fied at  their  meals  by  the  readings  of 
one  of  their  fraternity.  A  very  beauti- 
ful portico,  cieled  with  the  most  ele- 
gant tracery,  forms  the  entrance  to  the 
refectory  ;  the  arms  of  the  Abbey  are 
displayed  in  the  centre  of  the  arch ;  they 
correspond  with  thoae  of  the  Ferrers 
family,  who  had  possessions  at  Bere  ia 
this  neighbourhood,  and  were  benefac- 
tors to  the  church.  The  immediate  pre^ 
cinct  of  the  monastery  (which  enclosed 
the  Abbey  and  parochial  churches, 
the  cemetery  in  which  the  two  last 
mentioned  building  stood,  the  Saxon 
school,  and  monastic  offices)  was  com- 
prised in  an  irregular  plot,  of  which 
either  side  may  l^  taken  at  about  two 
hundred  yards,  or  within  the  circum- 
ference of  half  a  mile.  Towards  the 
Tavy  a  massive  wall  with  a  crenellated 
parapet  still  remains ;  also  the  Abbat's 
private  gateway,  leading  from  Guile  or 
Abbot's  Bridge  into  the  precincL  The 
south-west  angle  of  the  embattled 
wall  towards  the  river  is  formed  by  a 
tower  called  the  SHll-komstf  which  hat 
a  door  into  the  Abbey  grounds,  now 
the  vicarage-garden,  &c. ;  into  this 
building  the  healing  herbe  of  the 
garden  were  probably  brought  to  be 
distilled  by  the  monks.  Towards  the 
eastern  extremity  of  that  part  of  the 
boundary  wall  which  &ced  the  river 
were  seated  perhaps  the  offictna  mona' 
chorum,  whose  commodious  situation 
is  lauded  by  Malmesbury.  From  the 
Still-house  the  boundary  makes  a  right 
angle  to  the  northward,  towards  a  aate- 
way,  the  obtusely  pointed  arch  of  which 
is  flanked  by  two  low  scjuare  towers.— 
This  also  stands  in  the  vicarage  garden, 
and  opened  into  the  Abbey  srounds.— 
It  is  called  Betsy  Grimbals  Tower; 
from  some  vague  tradition  of  a  female 
who  made  it  her  abode  after  the  disso- 
lution of  religious  houses.  Mrs.  Bray 
has  made  good  use  of  this  and  other 
local  traditions  in  her  intereatine  ro- 
mance Fitz  of  Fitzford,*  in  which  are 
incidentally  combined  much  of  the 
topography  and  history  of  Tavistock. 

The  situation  of  the  stew- ponds,  for 
the  supply  of  fish  for  the  monasterv,  b 
still  marked  by  some  banks  and  willowt 
in  a  field  to  the  westward  of  the  vica- 
rage garden.  Here  I  may  state  that  the 
handsome  and  commodious  vicaraes- 
house  was  erected  in  the  year  1818  by 
his  Grace  the  Duke  of  Bedford,  and 
the  grounds  tastefully  laid  out  by  the 

*  Reviewed  in  our  last  Nunber,  p.  16tf. 


)i83a] 


BrUiik  Mwumeais  ami  Saxon  SehooU 


%19 


prcteni  ioeombcnt  The  old  vicarage^ 
Qoute*  stood  near  tbo  river,  eaitward 
of  the  bridse.  It  thoald  alto  be  re« 
corded  that  Mr.  Bray's  antiquarian  seal 
has  prefcnrcd  in  the  vicarage  garden 
one  of  those  sepulchral  stones  which 
belonged  to  the  British  inhabitants  of 
Danmonia.  The  story  of  the  preserva* 
tion  of  this  ancient  monument  is  some« 
what  singular.  Having  fallen,  as  I  sup* 
pose,  from  its  original  position  by  tne 
road  side,  it  by  in  the  common  nigh- 
way  with  the  inscribed  face  downwards, 
ID  the  west  street  of  the  town  of  Ta- 
vistock, until  its  surface  was  worn  so 
smooth  by  the  traffic  of  the  public  road 
that  it  became  slippery  and  dangeroiis 
for  horses  to  pass  over  it.  About  fortv 
years  since  it  was  taken  up,  and,  with 
the  face  still  downwards,  it  formed  a 
bridge  of  the  Abbey  mWUUat  or  stream. 
The  Rev.  £.  Bray,  on  hearing  that  this 
stone  had  letters  on  the  under-surface, 
caused  it  immediately  to  be  removed  to 
the  grounds  of  his  father,  and  finally 
transferred  it  to  its  present  situation.-— 
This  memorial  is  now  placed  in  its 
original  perpendicular  position.  It  is 
of  moor-stone  (the  granite  of  Dartmoor 
usually  so  called),  stands  about  seven 
feet  above  the  surface  of  the  earth,  and 
is  inscribed  in  very  legible  characters, 
NCPRANI 

FIL  CONb'eVI 
I  have  seen  at  Buckland  Monachorum, 
about  six  miles  from  Tavistock,  stand* 
ing  near  the  public  highway,  another 
similar  stone,  inscribed  f 

SAblN^FIL-M 

MACCODEChETI 

And  also  by  the  wav-side  near  Fowey 
in  Cum  wall,  a  parallel  monument  dedi- 
cated to  the  memory  of  Cunowor.— 
Such  memorials  are  frequent  also  in 
South  Wales,  and  for  the  greater  part 
are  placed  by  the  way  side.  Some 
are  inscribed  with  crosses,  others  of 
later  date  were  probably  formed  into 
crosses  by  cutting,  or  by  the  addition 
of  a  transverse  stone.  I  am  induced  to 
hazard  the  opinion  that,  before  Chris- 
tianity became  the  general  religion  of 
the  land,  and  christian  and  pagan  Bri- 
tons lived  in  one  community, — before 
the  practice  of  burying  in  churches 
and  churchyards  obuined,  which  was 
not  until  the  eighth  century,^  it  was 

•  Sm  View  of  Tavitiock,  by  Ch.  Dt  k 
Foataioa,  engraved  by  R.  Parr,  1741. 

t  Thesa  tteoaa  ara  engraved  in  Ljaoaa's 
Devon. 

X  See  Nawcone's  Si.  Albans,  p.  109. 


the  custom  of  the  Romaoo-Britoiu,  pt«> 

em  or  christian,  indiscrimiiiately  to 
ury  their  dead  by  the  way-side ;  dis- 
tinguishing the  sepulchral  sielct  or  pil- 
lars of  the  latter  by  a  cross.  On  the 
monuments  above  we  find  the  parenC 
has  a  Celtic  name,  the  child  a  Roman ; 
Nepranus  the  son  of  Condef,  Sabinus 
the  son  of  Maccodechet. 

These  names  being  found  in  the  ee- 
nitive  case,  I  conclude  that  Memorut, 
or  some  other  word,  was  considered  so 
usual  as  to  be  understood  without  in- 
scribing. The  reclined  Ts  in  the  se- 
cond inscription  are,  however,  perhaps 
only  intended  as  points. 

Thb  Saxov  School. 

The  demolition  of  a  room  appropri- 
ated to  the  study  of  the  Saxon  language 
has  been  alluded  to  in  the  preceding 
notes.  No  mention  of  such  an  esta- 
blishment is  to  be  found  aipong  the 
muniments  of  the  Abbey ;  but  Arch- 
bishop  Parker  refers  to  the  existence  ot 
a  Saxon  school  at  Tavistock,  and  af 
many  other  monasteries  within  the 
realm,  as  a  matter  in  the  memory  of 
persons  of  his  time.*  He  says  that 
many  of  the  charters  and  muniments 
of  the  eaHy  times  being  written  in  the 
Saxon  tongue,  these  foundations  were 
provided  in  order  to  communicate  the 
knowledge  of  it  from  age  to  age,  lest  it 
should  at  length  become  totally  obso- 
lete. It  is  probable  that  the  Saxon 
school  shared  the  fate  of  its  fostering 
parent,  the  monastery,  at  the  time  of 
the  reformation,  or  that  it  merged  in  the 
grammar  school,  still  existing  at  Tavis- 
tock, to  which  no  date  of  foundation 
can  be  assigned.  Indeed  it  is  not  likely 
that  so  eminent  a  monastery  as  Tavis- 
tock had  neglected  to  establish  a  school 
for  the  instruction  of  the  children  of 
the  poor  in  Latin  and  church  music ; 
the  mode  in  that  day  of  providing  that 
there  should  always  be  a  number  of 
persons  qualified  tor  the  priesthood. 
The  grammar  school  at  Tavistock  if 
at  the  present  time  very  slenderly  at- 
tended, there  seldom  being  more  than 
one  or  two  scholars  on  its  list.  The 
schoolmaster  instructs  them  in  Latip 
and  Greek,  and  the  steward  of  the  Duke 
of  Bedford  sends  as  many  scholars  (in 
the  name  of  the  Ouke)  as  he  chuses ; 
each  boy  paying  two  guineas  entrance- 
money,  and  one  guinea  annually  to  the 
master .f  Some  particulars  of  the  mas- 

*  Pref.  to  Aaatr't  Annals  of  Alfirtd. 
t  Liber  Scholaatieos,  Svo.  1899. 


Printing  Pregs,  and  Church  of  Tavidock. 


9iO 

itT*s  stipend  in  the  time  of  Elizabeth 
will  be  toand  in  a  subsequent  document. 

The  Printing  Press. 

The  noble  art  of  printing  was  com« 
rounicatcd  to  our  land  about  the  ^ear 
1471,  and  being  first  practised  in>\est- 
minster  Abbey,  the  example  was  soon 
followed  by  St.  Augu8iine*s  Canter- 
bury, St.  Albans*,  and  **  other  monas- 
teries of  England,'*  says  Stow*;  among 
which  number  was  the  Abbey  of  Ta- 
vistock. Certain  it  is,  that  a  translation 
of  Boetius  de  Consolatione  Philoso- 
phiap,  undertaken  at  the  instance  of  one 
Elizabeth  Berkeley,  and  completed  by 
John  Walton,  Canon  of  Osney  in  1410, 
was  printed  at  Tavistock  in  1534,  under 
the  editorship  of  Dan  Thomas  Rychard, 
one  of  the  monks,  who,  by  the  prefix 
of  Dan  or  Dominus  to  his  name,  was 
perhaps  a  graduate  of  the  university,  or 
a  scholar  of  some  noie.  It  might,  how- 
ever, be  a  distinction  added  on  account 
of  the  office  which  he  bore  in  the  mo- 
nastery ;  for  1  take  him  to  be  the  same 
person  who  signs  his  name  to  the  sur- 
render, **  Rycardus  custos.*'  The  con- 
clusion of  this  hook  (so  rare  that  Hearne 
had  only  seen  two  imperfect  copies  of 
it),  has  the  following  note  : 

"  Here  endeth  the  Boke  of  comfort  called 
in  latjn  Boeciut  de  coniolatione  Phre,  Em- 
prented  in  the  exempt  Monastery  of  Tavettok 
in  Denshjre.  By  me  Dan  Thomas  Rychard 
Monke  of  the  said  Monastery.  To  the  in- 
stant desyer  of  the  ryght  worshypful  esqayer 
Mayster  Robert  Langdon.  Anno  d.  M  J3xxv. 
Deo  gracias.i'" 

Robert  Langdon,  LL.D.  was  nephew 
to  Bishop  Langdun,  a  great  patron  of 
literature,  and  I  suppose  had  imbibed 
something  of  his  uncle's  spirit.^ 

The  Parish  Church 

is  dedicated  to  St.  Eustace,  and  was 
erected  within  the  cemetery  of  the  Ab- 
bey Church.  Leland  thought  it  had 
not  been  built  long  before  the  dissolu- 
tion, and  that  the  parishioners  had  pre- 
viously a  place  of  worship  within  the 
Abbey  church;  this  indeed  was  not 
unlikely,  as  other  examples  might  rea- 
dily be  adduced  to  shew.  The  parish 
church  of  Tavistock  was,  however, 
certainly  in  existence  in  the  reizn  of 
Richard  II.  and  how  much  earlier  I 
have  not  discovered ;  it  appears  to  have 
been  under  repair  in  1380.   The  exte- 

*  Annales  of  England,  4to  edit.  p.  dGO. 
"t  Glossary  to  Robt.  of  Gloucester's  Chron. 
vol.  2,  p.  708. 

I  Wood's  Athen.  Oxon.,  vol.  2,  p.  64b\ 


[Mareli^ 


rior  view  exhibits  a  dark  1o(\y  tower; 
onder  which  is  an  archway,  formiirg  a 
passage  from  the  Abbey  precinct  imtor 
the  town ;  four  distinct  roofs,  extending 
from  the  tower  at  the  west  to  the  ter^ 
mination  of  the  building,  indicate  s 
spacious  interior.     Among  the  docu- 
ments to  which  I  had  access  in  f897» 
I  found  and  deciphered  the  following 
very  early  churchwarden's  acount  of 
the  ninth  year  of  Richard  II.     I  shall 
give  an  extract  from   it,  on  account 
of  the  curious  items  it  contains ;  among 
these  will  be  found  a  charge  for  col- 
lecting rushes  for  strewing  the  church 
against  the  feast  of  John  the  Baptist, 
and  the  anniversary  of  the  dedication  ; 
for  the  expenses  of  a  man  and  horse 
sent   to   buy  wax    at  Plymouth,  for 
lights  in  the  church  ;  charges  for  ma- 
terials for  repairing  windows,  &c. ;  for 
making   three  painted  fieures  in  the 
window  of  the  vestry ;   for  fuel ;  for 
shutters  to  the  great  east  window  ;  for 
the  bringing  a  mason  to  repair  the  said 
window  ;  tor  drinkings  to  the  work- 
men employed  on   the  above  ;   rents 
from  the  park  of  Trewelake  for  main- 
taining lights  at  the  altars  of  St.  Nicho* 
las,  St.  Stephen,  St  John  the  Baptist, 
St.  Katharine ;  payments  made  to  the 
sacrist  of  the  parish  church  for  offerrngs 
to  the  respective  alurs  therein ;  to  the 
notary,  for  drawing  the  aecoont,  &c. 

«  Tavystoke.  S.  Compu*s  cmtod*.  hojns 
eccU'e  beat!  Eustacbii  Tavistock  a  fcsto  la- 
venc*o*is  s'c't  cnicb  sab  anno  d'oi  mill* 
ccc"'<'  octogesimo  nsq'  ad  id*a  tn*e  pVni 
aequ'  anu*  d*m'  mill^'  ccc**  Isxxvi**. 

"  Empcio  cene.  Idem  comptit.  in  eaL  lib. 
cerae  emptis  hoc  anno  Ivi.**x'* — Outostt 


emptis  in  repacVe  vestioientor^. — ^In  con- 
duco*e  unius  viri  ceram  emere  apod  Plvmonth 
et  unius  equi  expens.  snia  ibidem  viiL^— >Ib 
qua'rtio  calcis  (lime)  empt.  xv.^— la  enr- 
riag.  d*ce  v.'* — In  carreragio  lanid.  iv.^ 
(carriage  of  stone) . — In  vet.  vit.  (old  f  bit) 
empt.  iii.**  v.<**— I  repac'oe  unius  fiMieetns 
vitre.  in  6ne  ecc'lie  ii.*'  iiii'* — In  vi.  pediboi 
novi  vitri  empt.  vii." — lu  viii.  pedibua  vcta- 
ris  vitri  iii.-  iv.«l-— In  fbcaTibus  (fual) 
empt.  ii.'* — In  Iviij.  lib.  plumbi  tnpi.  iv.^ 
X.  ob.— In  vii.  lib.  stannt  empt.  xviii.'*— la 
couduco'e  unius  machionis  (mason)  add'e'aai 
fenestram  reparand. — In  factura  trima  Vflsa- 
ginum  in  fenestr.  in  vestiario  zii.^— 1'  Uh 
pa*coe  trium  claterium  (shutters)  ad  magnaai 
fenestram  in  €ne  eccl'ie  vi.'*— In  cilio  et  pota 
vi.'*— In  biberia  ad  opus  fenett'  iii.'*— Ad 
campanas  xii.'*  (for  bell  ringing).— In  rsMaa 
(resin)  empt.  in  factura  1 1  torches.— In  1 
parva  corda  pro  velo.— In  v.  verg.  (yards) 


1030.] 


PaMingi  an  Panel  at  TavUlock. 


^t 


puini  linei  mA  vanm  rochttnm^— In  frctun 
<ju«d.  roclitta  ▼!. — la  futura  Qoiiit  caitae 
vi**. — In  Hbitina  (a  bier)  empt.  viii.— In  rt- 
pa*coe  vettiuMntorum  p.  a*.  r'lA' — In  vetta- 
mentU  Uvandit  p.  a\  vi.'*— -lum.  Ad  cnp. 
redditit  pare*  de  treweUke  xvi.<l* — £t  divenu 
aluribu*  eccPie  p*d*ce  de  redds,  p'ci.  pd*ot. 
v'u.  ad  lumen  tci  nichi.  iii.'*  ad  lunen  ic*! 
•u'phi  iii.'*  ad  lamen  tci  Job.  bautitte  iii> 
ad  lumen  see  Katerine  Hi.'* — In  clerico  tcri- 
bent.  compot.  xiL— In  emendMoe  fenett*  ii.'*. 
—In  pergaroino  (parcbm«nt]  empto  ii.*'*." 

The  sum  total  of  these  expenses,  of 
which  I  have  only  given  extracts,  is 
3/.  7*.  3d, ',  then  follows — 

'*  Liberacio  denar*. — Idem  compatat'  in 
liba'coe  Sacristae  monasterii  de  Tavjstoke 
pro  oblacione  penrenieute  ad  altaria  eccle- 
tie  parochialis  predicta  iii.**  iv.'*  per  ann.^ 
Pro  altari  tee  Marie  apud  la  south  dor  vi.** 
viij.  a  flesto  invencionis  see  crucis  usque  ad 
idem  iestum  tone  proxime  sequent*.  Pro  altari 
sci  Eiutach.  xii.^  per  a.  pro  altari  scse  Kate- 
rin«  xii.^  pro  altari  sci  blasii  iv.'*  p'  altari 
aci  Jobb  baptist.  tiA  pro  altari  see  trinitatts 
vi.^  p'  altari  sci  georgii  IvA  pro  altari  sci 
aalvatoris  in  capelTa  Job.  dabernoun  it.***." 

The  accoont  is  subscribed  "  per  nne 
cleric'/'  by  the  notary,  who,  I  suspect, 
was  a  wag,  as,  instead  of  his  signature, 
he  affixes  his  notarial  mark ;  a  head 
with  an  extraordinarily  lonj^  nose  (per- 
haps this  was  intencfed  for  his  own 
portrait)  having  a  quill  stuck  on  the 
forehead  by  wa^  of  plume.  Subjoined 
to  the  account  is  this  postscript  :— 

**  Sepum  (tallow)  pro  mortario.* de 

sxxiv.  lib.  sepi  de  eropcione  boe  ann.  The- 
saurus ecc'lie.  Idem  R.  de  cupa  euro  cuver- 
culo  (cup  and  cover)  argenteo  et  duobus 
angelis  deauratis  teneot.  vit.  cUu.  corpus. 
d*m*curo  (two  gilt  aneels  holding  the  body 
of  our  Lord  enclosed  in  glass) ;  et  de  iv. 
calices  cum  patents  argent.  £t  de  duobus 
cruetis  argent  (silver  cruets).  £t  de  1  pixide 
argenteo  pro  corpora,  x«*.  Summa  pat.  £t 
recaaa.  1  cupa  com  euvercolo,  iv.  calices  cum 
patents,  8  cruet*  cum  pixide  argenteo.*' 

The  paintings  which  form  the  sub- 
ject of  the  engraving  that  accompa- 
nied these  notes  (see  February  Mag- 
azine, p.  1 13),  are  the  next  relics 
in  point  of  antiquitv  appertaining  to 
the  Church  of  St.  Eustace.  The  pa- 
nels are  two  feet  eleven  inches  in 
height,  the  longer  piece  four  feet  in 
length,  the  shotter  about  two  feet; 
the  figures  are  canopied  (as  may  be  seen) 
by  the  most  tasteful  and  elegant  carved 
gothic  foliage;  the  mouldings  which 
divided  them  no  longer  remain,  but 
their  situation  is  readily  observed  by 

*  A  light  bvmiBg  at  Uie  shrines  or  tombs 


the  racant  spaces  between  the  figures, 
and  those  who  have  a  knowleoge  of 
the  gothic  style  of  architecture  and  or- 
nament will  easily  supply  them.    The 
first  figure  to  the  left  hand  is  the  mar« 
tyred  Stephen,  his  hands  uplifted,  and 
his  head  surrounded  by  a  nimbus  of 
glory,   the  distinguishinjs   emblem  of 
saints ;  the  next  figure  is  St.  Lawrence, 
holdinf^  the  instrument  of  his  martyr- 
dom, the  gridiron.     These  are  all  that 
remain  of  a  series  of  saints,  which  were 
probably  at  least  nine  in  number,  to 
correspond  with  the  nine  grades  of  the 
angelic   hierarchy,  which    are  distin- 
guished with  wings.  Ofthe  latter  remain 
the  personifications  of  the  ?Crc|^an0tTt» 
Cfttniiim,  9nttiltatt0,  and  a  fourth, 
with   a  crown   and    sceptre,   the   in- 
scription of  which  was  probably  9xin^ 
cipatui^,*    The  style  of  the   armour 
worn  by  one  of  the  fi^^ures  fixes  the  age 
of  the  painting  at  about  the  time  of 
Henry  Vl.     I  believe  that  the  whole 
of  these   figures    must   have   adorned 
compartments  of  the  rood-loft  of  the 
parish   church,  which   was  doubtless 
erected  over    the  opening    from  the 
church   into  the  chancel ;  supporting 
the  figure  of  our  blessed  Saviour  on  the 
cross,  and  of  his  mother  and  John,  the 
disciple  whom  he  loved,  standing  by. 

The  mysterious  meaning  of  this  ar- 
rangement was  as  follows :  the  body 
of  the  church  typified  the  church  mili- 
tant on  earth,  the  chancel  the  church 
triumphant  in  heaven  ;  and  all  who 
would  attain  to  a  place  in  the  latter, 
must  pass  under  the  rood;  that  is,  take 
up  the  cross,  and  follow  their  great 
Captain  through  trials  and  affliction. 
(To  he  continued.)         A.  J.  K, 


•  The  five  other  grades  were — ^Throni, 
Angeli,  Seraphim,  Doroinalua,  and  Virtutes. 
All  nine  are  represented  in  a  window  in  St. 
Neot's  Church,  Curnwall  (see  Hedgelaod's 
Prints,  just  published),  and  doubtless  it  was 
these  nine  orders  which  were  painted  on  the 
Romsey  alur-piece  (see  your,  last  Supple- 
ment, p.  585).  To  this  order  of  marshalling 
the  heavenly  host,  derived  by  early  Christian 
writers  from  the  Bible  and  the  traditions  of 
the  Jews,  Milton  has  frequently  alluded.  Ha 
makes  both  the  Saviour  of  mankind  and 
Satan  address  them  in  the  fifth  book  of 
«  Paradise  Lost :" 

"  Thrones,  Dominations,  Princedoms,  Virtuetm 
Powers  r 

And  in  the  tenth  is  the  following  passage  : 
**  him  Thrones  stxkA  Powers, 


Princedoms,  and  Dominations,  ministrant 
Accompanied  to  Heavengate. ' 


299 


Lift  <md  Wriiingi  of  Chriitapker  Uarhwe.  [Marck; 

this  formidable  rival  was  regarded  with 
strong  feelings  of  jealoosy  and  chagrin.- 
In  fact,  we  are  furnished  with  suffi- 
cient evidence  that  such  was  actual ly 
the  case,  by  a  letter  in  Robert  Greene  s 
*'  GroatVworth  of  Wit  bought  with  a 
Million  of  Repentance/*  published,  as 
the  title-page  expresses,  "  at  his  dying 
request,'*  which  is  one  of  the  most 
curious,  and,  from  its  connexion  with 
celebrated  names,  most  interesting, 
morsels  that  black-letter  literature  can 
furnish.  Some  parts  of  it  are  printed 
in  the  Variorum  Shakspeare,  but  not 
very  correctly,  and  I  therefore  subjoin 
a  careful  transcript  of  the  whole  com- 
position, made  from  the  edition  of 
l62Q,  which  professes  to  be  ''  newlv 
corrected,  and  of  many  errors  puiged/' 
Shakspeare  had  previously  been  sneered 
at  in  the  epistle  prefixed  to  Greene's 
*'  Arcadia,''  and  the  reader  will  not 
fail  here  to  notice  the  palpable  hit  at 
the  Shake- scene,-^tht  "  vpstart  Crow 
beautified  with  our  feathers,"  as  he  is 
styled  in  allusion  to  his  remodelling 
the  plays  of  "  King  John,"  **  Henry 
the  Sixth,*'  and  other  compositions  of 
the  junta,  a  proceeding  which  appears 
to  have  especially  excited  their  anger. 
The  succeeding  passage  in  Italics,  a 
"  ^yg^**  heari  wrapt  in  a  player^t 
hyae,**  it  may  perhaps  be  necessary  to 
mention,  is  a  parody  upon  a  line  in 
Part  III.  Act  i.  Sc.  4,  of  the  latter  pieces 
viz. 


LiFB  avD  Writings  of  CuRiflTO- 
PHBR  Marlowe. 

(Continued from  p,  126J 

IT  is  foreign  to  the  purpose  of  this 
paper  to  enter  into  a  critical  exami- 
nation of  Marlowe*s  productions  indi- 
vidually, or  his  character  as  a  writer 
generally ;  but  I  must  repeat  what  was 
advanced  at  the  commencement  of  this 
article,  that  Shakspeare  was  under  far 
more  extensive  obligations  to  him  than 
is  generally  imagined ;  and  that  to  him, 
Greene,  Peele,  Nash,  or  Kyd,  must  be 
allotted  the  honour  of  having  com- 
menced that  species  of  composition 
styled  our  "  Romantic  Drama,"  which 
Mr.  Campbell,  in  his  "  Specimens** 
(adopting  the  dictum  of  others),  assigns 
without  a  shadow  of  iustice  to  Shak- 
speare alone.  That  Marlowe,  if  he 
wrote  "  Tamburlaine,*'  wrote  also  the 
old  "  King  John,"  is  inconiestibly 
proved  by  the  Prologue  to  that  play. 
That  he  was  the  author  of  ••  The 
Contention  of  York  and  Lancaster** 
(subseouently  retouched  by  Shakspeare 
and  styled  Henry  VI. )» >*  almost  equally 
certain ;  and  I  feel  confident  that  the 
old  ''Taming  of  the  Shrew,"  1594; 
*«  Titus  Andronicus,**  and  perhaps 
**  Locrine,*'  also  proceeded  from  his 
pen.  Not  only  in  particular  passages, 
where  the  language  is  verbatim  the 
same  as  in  his  acknowledged  works, 
but  in  the  general  tone  of  thought  and 
mode  of  expression,  the  incessant  clas- 
sical allusions,  introduced,  as  it  would 
seem,  merely  to  display  the  writer's 
learning;  and,  in  short,  in  every  marked 
characteristic  of  Marlowe's  style,  the 
resemblance  is  so  striking,  that  I  think 
no  one  who  takes  the  trouble  to  ex- 
amine into  the  subject  will  hesitate  a 
moment  to  subscribe  to  the  correctness 
of  my  opinion.  Could  I  flatter  myself 
that  the  topic  possessed  sufficient  in- 
terest to  warrant  my  occupying  a  page 
or  two  with  citations  from  tne  plays 
in  question,  in  support  of  what  I  have 
advanced,  I  should  gladly  enter  upon 
the  task ;  but,  to  the  majority  of  readers, 
a  further  pursuit  of  the  inquiry  might 
seem  merely  tedious  and  unprofitable, 
and  therefore  I  desist. 

From  the  monopoly  of  the  Stage, 
which  the  writers  just  enumerated 
appear  almost  exclusively  to  have  en- 
joyed for  some  years  previous  to  the 
commencement  of  Shakspeare's  career 
as  a  dramatist,  they  doubtless  derived 
much  profit  as  well  as  reputation  ;  and 
it  may  therefore  be  readily  imagined 
that  the  appearance  u|)on  the  scene  of 


"  O  tyger*s  hearty  wrmpp'd  in  a  wooiaB's 

hide." 

**  To  those  Gentlemen,  his  quondam  acquaint' 
ance,  that  spend  their  wits  in  makmg 
Playes,  R,  G,  tvisheth  a  better  exerdte,  and 
vHsedome  topreuent  his  extremeties, 

**  If  wofuU  experience  may  rnona  yov 
(Gentlemen)  to  bewnre,  or  vnheara-nf 
wretchednesse  intreat  yon  to  take  heady  I 
doubt  not  but  you  will  lodca  backa  with 
sorrow  on  your  time  past,  and  eodenonr  with 
repentance  to  spend  that  which  is  to  oooMi* 
Wonder  not,  (tor  with  thee  will  I  first  be- 
ginne)  thou  famous  gracer  of  Tracediaaa 
[Marlowk],  that  Greene,  who  hath  saklt 
with  thee,  like  y«  fool  in  his  heart,  TUre  st 
no  Godf  should  now  gtue  glorv  vnio  Ids 
greatnesee ;  for,  penetrating  is  hb  power, 
nts  hand  lyes  heavy  upon  me.  Ha  hath 
spoken  vnto  me  with  a  voyM  of  thaadtf* 
and  I  haue  lefi.  He  is  a  Qod  thai  oaa 
punbh  enemies.  Why  should  thy  exceUeat 
wit,  his  gift,  be  so  blinded,  that  tboa  aboukl- 
est  giue  no  glory  to  the  giuer?  Is  it  psili 
lent  Machiauilian  pollicie  that  thoa  ImmS 
studied  ?  O  punish  [qu.  muluh  ?]  toUy ! 
What  are  his  Roles,  bt^  metra  eaaiamA 
mockeries,  able  to  extirpate  to. small  tUsf 
the  generation  of  maalunde  ?     For,  if  Sic 


183a] 


Lift  tmd  HViltM^  0/  Chruiaphtr  Mmhvoe. 


m^ 


vofe,  tic  lutes  ImM  IB  thoM  ibal  tra  tbk  to 
commABd,  uid  if  il  b«  UwfuU,  Faa  H  nefiUf 
to  <loe  Aoythtng  that  U  beoeficiall,  oocly 
Tyimou  should  poMCMe  th«  earth ;  and  thaj, 
ttriuJDg  to  cxcoed  In  tyranny,  should  ech  to 
other  be  a  slaughterman  i  till,  the  mightiest 
out-  liuing  all,  one  stroke  were  left  for  death, 
that  in  one  age  man's  lifii  should  end.  The 
Brother  [qu.  broacher  or  breather  ?]  of  this 
Diabolicall  Atheisme  is  dead,  and  in  his  lifb 
bad  neuer  the  felicity  be  aymed  at ;  but,  at 
he  beganne  in  craft,  lined  in  feare,  and  ended 
in  despaire.  Qham  vueniiatitia  sunt  Dei 
iudicia  I  This  murderer  of  many  Brethren 
had  his  eoescienoe  seared  like  Caine ;  this 
betrayer  of  him  that  gaue  his  lifie  for  him, 
inherited  the  portioo  of  Judas ;  this  apostate 
perished  ae  ill  ae  Julian.  And,  wilt  thou, 
my  Friend,  be  his  Disciple  ?  Looke  vnto 
me,  by  him  perswaded  to  that  Liberty,  and 
tho«  shalt  fiade  it  an  infemall  Bondage !  I 
know  the  least  of  my  demerits  merit  this 
miserable  death ;  bat,  wilfnll  striuiog  against 
knowne  truth,  exceedeth  all  the  terrors  of 
my  soole.  Drftnt  not  {with  me)  till  thu 
kui  poynt  ofextremiiy  ;  rom,  litti.1  know- 
bat  THOU  HOW  m  THB  BMD  TUOO  SHALT  BB 
TItlTBD  ? 

*'  With  thee,  I  ioyno  yoong  Jtraenall 
[LoDOi]  that  biting  Satyrlst,  that  lastly 
[qu.  latehr  ?]  with  mco  together  writ  a  Co- 
medy. Sweet  boy,  might  I  adoise  thee,  bo 
aduised,  and  get  not  many  enemies  by  bitter 
words !  looeigh  against  vaioe  men !  for,  thou 
canst  doe  it, — no  man  better,  no  roan  so 
welL  Thou  hast  a  ItbertT  to  reprove  all,  & 
name  none;  for,  one  being  spoken  to,  all 
are  offended ;  none  being  blamed,  no  man  is 
iniored.  Stop  shallow  water ;  still,  running, 
it  will  race.  Tread  on  a  worme,  and  it  will 
tame.  Then,  blame  not  Sehollers,  who  are 
▼exed  with  sharpe  and  bitter  lines,  if  they 
reprooue  thy  too  moeh  libertv  of  reproofe. 

**  And  thou,  [Nash]  no  lesse  deseming 
than  the  other  two,  ia  some  things  rarer, 
IB  nothing  inferioor,  driuen  (as  myselfe) 
to  extreme  ihifte,  b  little  have  I  to  say 
to  tiM«;  and,  were  it  not  an  idolatrous 
OBtht  I  wowld  swear  by  sweet  St.  George, 
thou  art  vnworthy  better  hap,  sith  thou 
depeodett  00  so  mean  a  steT.  Base-minded 
BMs,  all  thsBt  of  you,  if  by  my  misery 
yae  be  aoi  wnrBods  for  mto  none  of  you 
(liht  bm)  iOBgkt  thoee  burs  to  cleaoe; 
thoee  Puppdi  (I  meBa)  that  speak  from  our 
BsoBthsi  Ummm  Aatiekfl,  gamisht  in  our  co- 
lovB.  Is  it  Bot  stnmce,  that  I,  to  whom 
dmy  al  hano  bcoM  boholding,— is  it  not 
iilw,  that  you,  to  whom  they  mI  baoe  beene 
bebokting,  shall  (wtre  yte  in  that  case  that 
1  am  bow)  be  both,  01  them,  at  once  for- 
saken? Yea!  tniet  fhtm  not!  for,  there 
is  an  vpetait  Crow,  beantified  with  our  Fea- 
thers, that,  with  his  Tiger's  hearty  wrapt  m 
m  PUnfer^i  j^dr,  enppoeee  he  is  as  wel  able 
to  bombast  oat  a  blaiik  verse,  ae  the  best  of 
70a  {  aady  bsJBg  BB  absolute  Johannu  Joe 
tatMM  isy  ia  hie  owae  conceit,  the  onely 
Siun-fciHB  in  b  Gontry.    Oh !   that  1 


might  intreat  your  rare  wits  to  h%  Imployed 
in  more  profitable  courses,  and  let  these 
Apes  imitate  your  past  excellence,  &  never 
more  acquaint  them  with  your  admired  in* 
uentions !  I  know,  the  best  husband  of  yon 
all,  will  never  proue  an  usurer;  and,  thB 
kindest  of  them  all,  will  never  proue  a  kind 
nurse.  Yet,  whilst  you  may,  seeke  you  better 
masters !  fur,  it  is  pitty,  men  of  such  rare 
wits  should  bee  subiect  to  the  pleasures  of 
such  rude  groomes ! 

*<  In  this,  I  might  insert  two  more,  that 
both  liaue  writ  against  these  buckram  gen- 
tlemen i  but,  let  their  owne  worke  serue  to 
witnesse  against  their  owne  wickednesse,  if 
they  perseuer  to  maiotaine  any  more  such 
peasants.  For  other  new  comroers,  I  leauo 
them  to  the  mercy  of  these  painted  mon- 
sters, who  (I  doubt  not)  will  driue  the  best- 
minded  to  depise  thera  ;  for  the  rest,  it  skila 
not  though  tney  make  a  iest  at  them. 

*'  But  now,  retume  I  againe  to  you  three» 
knowing  my  misery  is  to  you  no  newes  ;  and^ 
let  me  heartily  intreat  you  to  be  warned  by 
my  harmes !  Delight  not  (as  I  bane  done)  in 
irreligious  oaths ;  for,  from  the  blasphemer's 
house  a  curse  shall  not  depart!  DespisB 
drunkennes,  which  wasteth  the  wit,  &  maketh 
men  all  equal  vnto  beasts  !  Flie  lust,  as  the 
death 's-man  of  the  soule ;  and  defile  not  tho 
temple  of  the  Holy  Ghost !  Abhor  thoso 
epicures,  whose  loose  life  hath  made  religion 
loathsome  to  vour  eares ;  and,  when  they 
sooth  you  with  terroes  of  mastership,  re- 
member, Robert  Greene,  whom  they  hsua 
often  so  flattered,  perishes  now  for  want  of 
comfort !  Remember,  gentlemen,  your  lioes 
are  like  so  many  light  Upers,  that  are  with 
care  deliuered  to  all  of  you  to  maintaine. 
These,  with  mind-puf^  wrath,  may  be  ex- 
tinguished; with  drunkeonesse  put  out; 
with  negligence  let  h\\ ;  for,  man's  time  of 
itselfe  is  not  so  short,  but  it  is  more  short- 
ened by  sinne.  The  fire  of  my  light  is  now 
at  the  last  snuffe,  &  the  want  of  wherewith 
to  sustaine  it ;  there  is  no  substance  for  life 
to  feed  on.  Trust  not,  then,  (I  beseech  ye) 
to  such  weake  stayet;  for,  they  are  aa 
changeable  in  minde,  as  in  many  attires! 
Well,  rov  hand  is  tjred ;  8c  I  am  forc't  to 
leaue,  where  I  would  begin ;  for,  a  whole 
booke  cannot  containe  the  wrongs  which  I 
am  forc't  to  knit  vp  in  some  few  lines  of 
words. 

"  Desirous  that  you  should  Hue,  though 
himse(fe  be  (fyingt 

**  RoBBBT  Greene." 

They  say,  **  the  words  of  dying 
men  enforce  attention,  like  deep  har- 
mony;"  but  it  ii  a  lamentable  truth 
that,  in  this  instance,  the  warning 
failed  of  its  due  effect,  and  that  Greene'a 
impressive  admonition  had  no  influence 
upon  his  reckless  companions  in  folly, 
or,  if  at  all  thought  of,  was  quickly  for- 
gotten. VA'hat  a  touching  interest  is 
imparted  to  those  solemn  words  which 
form  the  peroration  of  his  address  to 


884 


Paraphrase  on  Zechariah,  Chap,  x. 


[Marcb^ 


Marlowe,  by  the  reflection  that  the 
Ciilfi4ifient  of  his  prediction  followed 
hard  upon  its  delivery,  as  if  the  ex- 
piring rake  had  been  gifted  with  a 
foresight  of  that  terrible  judgment 
which  was  destined  speedily  to  over- 
wheUii  the  partner  of  his  debaucheries ! 
"  The  suniet  of  life  gave  him  mystical  lore, 
And  coming  events  cast  their  shadows  before!*' 

His  exhortation,  however,  upon 
which  much  stress  has  been  laid  as 
conclusively  deciding  the  question  of 
Marlowe's  scepticism,  and  which  in 
truth  tells  more  strongly  against  him 
than  all  the  suspicious  narratives  hand- 
ed down  to  us  by  the  Puritans,  will 
appear,  when  attentively  considered, 
and  when  allowance  is  made  for  the 
hyperbolical  strain  in  which  it  is  con(i- 
posed,  to  be  nothing  more  than  such 
an  anxious  warning  as  mi^ht  well  be 
addressed  by  a  repentant  dymg  rake  to 
his  dissolute  companions  in  guilt,  even 
though  the  said  companions  were  not 
professed  blasphemers  and  atheists. 
We  find,  moreover,  from  Chettle's 
"Kind  Harte*  Dreame,"  1592,  that 
Marlowe  was  deeply  offended  by 
Greene's  address :  but  would  this  have 
been  the  case  with  an  avowed  and 
shameless  sceptic,  such  as  he  has  been 
described?  A  man  who  prided  himself 
on  his  atheism  and  debauchery,  would 
have  been  quite  indiflerent  about  the 
charge,  or  would  rather  have  gloried 
in  it.  James  Brouguton. 

{To  he  continued,) 

Mr.  Urban,  March  3. 

YOUR  obliging  reception  of  my 
former  contribution,  emboldens 
me  to  ofier  you  my  attempt  to  para- 
phrase the  chapter  next  in  succession 
of  the  Prophet  Zechariah.  It  is  not  so 
rich  in  its  allusions  as  the  preceding, 
but  it  furnishes  valuable  subjects  for 
reflection.  It  contains  what  may  in- 
duce us  to  belie\e  that  if  the  Jewish 
nation  be  now  very  near  the  eve  of 
some  great  event  occurring  in  their 
favour,  the  ill-judged  endeavours  of 
certain  advocates  are  not  calculated  to 

f promote  it.  That  our  House  of  Par- 
iament  should  exhibit  as  motley  an  as- 
sembly as  the  Royal  Exchange,  cannot 
be  the  wish  of  any  true-born  English- 
man. Rut  it  is  of  more  serious  im- 
portance to  consider  that  a  permission 
or  encouragement  to  that  people  to 
strike  a  deeper  root  in  our  soil,  may 
be  inconsistent  with  the  promises  made 
to  them  in  the  Jewish  Scriptures,  and 
ought  not  to  be  desired  by  any  who 
believe  in  them.    The  accomplished 


Member  for  Oxford  has  already  shown 
himself  to  be  on   the  alert  on  this 

3ue8tion.  I  wish  our  self-termed  Philo- 
udeans  were  equally  clear-sighted. 

ZECHARIAH.-^hap.  Z. 

YcT  are  their  prajers  requir'd :  aak  of  tha 

Lord, 
And  He  shall  give  yon  ferUlizing  imini } 
The  former  which  may  cause  the  seed  to  swell. 
And  burst,  and  germinate ;  and  •howera  in 

Spring 
To  fill  tlie  tender  blade,  and  o'er  your  pattaret 
To  spread  the  mantle  of  luxuriant  herliaee. 
Not  so  your  Idols — for  how  vain  uieir 

comforts ! 
False  were  the  words  they  ntter'd  by  dlvintn. 
Who  bade  you  trust  in  direams  fiUse  as  them- 
selves ; 
And  visions  of  futurity  misled  yon. 
IVas  therefore  as  a  flock  without  a  guide, 
A  prey  to  terrors,  or  in  lewd  exoets 
Ye  indulged,  and  fell  o'er  steepe,  or  loosely 

reveird : 
Hence  I  chastis*d  these  goats  { my  fury  kindled 
'Gainst  those  who  pamper'd  (hem ;  but  the 

house  of  Judah, 
My  sheep,  I  visited,  I  strengthened  them. 
And  made  them  as  a  warhorse  in  the  field. 
From  them  shall  issue  forth  a  valnnt  leader,* 
On  whom  they  may  depend,  akiU*d  in  (he  bow. 
And  follow'd  by  a  powerful  chanplon-trun. 

Thus,  too,  in  later  timai»  under  my  &voar» 
Shall   tliey  be  strong  in  fight;   oppoaing 

squadrons 
Shall  they  disperse,  and  trample  in  (he  mire. 
And  Josei/h  will  I  save,  his  House  xestora 
As  though  1  bad  not  cast  them  off;  in  meivy 
I'll  bear  them  as  they  call  on  me,  (heir  Qod* 
Yea,  scatter'd  £phraim  shall  be  mighty,  be 
More  numerous,  more  diapers'd,  now  waxing 

strong,  [childien. 

As  one  whom  wine  hath  hnrten'd }  Te*i  hia 
As  they  behold  my  deeds,  shall  bleaa  (aeLord. 
Id  distant  lands  though  they  be  (hiokly  aeaC^ 

ter'd,  [increaia 

As  grain  in  seed-time,  though  (hey  yield 
An  hundred-fold,  yet  will  I  gather  (hem 
From  Egypt,  from  Assyria :  through  (bf  bed 
Of  ocean  and  of  Jordan  a  dry  patli 
Shall  open  to  admit  them  on  their  way : 
1  'II  soicly  bruise  the  pride  of  every  power 
That  would  detain  them,  when  I  turn  again 
My  people  who  remember  nfe.    The  signal 
For  their  recall  shall  be  that  hissing  sign 
On  which  my  Servant,  in  the  wildefneas» 
Bade  Israel  look ; — for  the  uplifted  Saviour 
Hath  their  redemption  sealed.     They  aod 

their  children 
In  Sion  shall  again  enjoy  repose 
Shall  spread  on  Lebanon,  o*erpeople  Gilead  i 
Scarce  shall  the  land  sufiioe  to  hold  (heir 

numbers. 
Yea !  saith  tlie  Lord,  the  blessing  of  my  namo 
Shall  give  them  strength,  and  my  direeting 

Spirit 
Shall  guide  their  ways  in  innocence  and  pwea* 
Yours,  &c.  X. 

«  Judas  Maccabaeus. 


HEVIIiW  OF  NKW  PUBLICATIONS. 


The  Life  *?/*  hSnjm-Getitral  Sir  Thomas 
Muttro^  Barl.  and  A'.  C.  B.  late  Gwrmar 
t/MadroM,  with  Kxtracis/inm  his  Corre- 
sptmdenee  and  Private  Papers.  By  the 
Rev,  G.  R.  Gleig.     «  cU#.  8w.    Colburo 

''I  '*HE  life  of  a  miliiary  man,  whose 
1     profeuional  career  for  nearly  fifiy 
yeart  was  confined  to  an  Indian  eni- 
pire»  does  noi  appear  on  a  first  impres- 
sion to  promise  much  that  would  sa- 
tisfy the  curiosity  of  tlie  soldier,  or  in* 
lerest  the  feelings  of  the  general  reader. 
Two    octato    volumes    would    be    a 
startling  announcement,  even  were  the 
subject  of  the  biographer  more  fami- 
liar to  our  cars  than  the  apathy  which 
belongs  to  British  India  will  permit 
any  of  her  heroes  and  statesmen  to  be. 
These  were  our  first  thoughu  on  open- 
ing the  volumes  before  us;  and  it  will 
be  no  less  our  pleasure  than  our  duty 
to  remove  stich  erroneous  imprt-ssions 
irom  the  minds  of  those  who  shall  take 
up  the  Life  of  Sir  Thomas  Munro :  for  a 
more  valuable  addition  to  the  recorded 
lives  of  British  %vorihies,  has  not  been 
presented,  than  that  which  forms  the 
subject  of  our  present  notice.   To  those 
who  are  lookin}^  forward  with  so  much 
anxiety  to  the  intentions  of  our  Legis- 
lature, as  it  rrspccis  the  renewal  of  the 
East  India  Company's  charter,  ample 
materials  will  here  be  furnished  for  a 
better  acquaintance  with  the  bearings 
of  this  important  question,   while  to 
the  young  who  are  about  to  enter,  or 
are  already  engaged  in  the  public  service, 
the  recorded  life  of  Sir  Thomas  Munro 
teaches    this    important    lesson,    that 
**  there  is  no  prize  beyond  the  grasp  oi 
talent,  provided  it  be  accompanied  by 
industry,   and    a    strictly   honourable 
conduct." 

Sir  Thomas  Munro  entered  the 
ser\icc  of  the  Com|>any  with  no  ex- 
traordinary recouimendaiions,  as  a  ca- 
det ;  his  course  was  one  of  undeviating 
honour  and  integrity  ;  and  he  died  Go- 
vernor of  M.»dra8.  It  it  no  answer  to 
our  proposition,  to  say  that  ••  the  race 
is  not  always  to  the  swift,  nor  the 
battle  to  the  strong."  We  know  that 
liuiioiirs  and  rewards  have  been  |)Oured 
on  the  heads  of  the  unworthy,  but  we 
ronieiid  that  no  one  whose  beginnings 
wtrr  in  hiiinbit  life.  e%er  graduated 
Gent.  Mao.  AStrek,  \M0. 

5 


with  love  and  respect  to  the  object  of  a 
virtuous  ambition,  whose  course,  amidst 
dangers,  diiliculties,  and  temptations, 
did  not  lie  in  the  manly  path  of  ho- 
nourable industry,  and  \\  hose  **  doings 
were  not  ordered"  by  virtue  and  truth. 
Sir  Thomas  Munro  was  born  at 
Glasgow,  1761.  He  was  the  son  of  a 
respectable  merchant,  and  was  destined 
for  the  same  calling.  At  school  he 
had  given  indications  of  those  moral 
and  personal  gifts  for  which  he  was 
throughout  life  distinguished  ;  and  the 
failure  of  his  father  in  business,  when 
young  Munro  was  of  an  age  to  accept 
of  an  appoinlinent,  diverted,  we  think 
fortunately,  his  lalcnu  into  another 
channel.  '  He  was  ap()ointed  to  a  ca- 
detcy,  and  in  1779  quitted  home,  •*  a 
solitary  adventurer,  to  push  his  way 
through  life.'* 

To  follow  Mr.  Gleig,  with  any  ihitig 
like  minuteness  of  detail,  through  the 
course  of  the  busy  and  honourable  life 
he  has  narrated  with  so  much  fidelity, 
would  far  exceed  our  limits.  We  will 
content  ourselves,  after  strongly  recom- 
mending the  volnmes  to  general  pe- 
rusal, with  selecting,  as  we  proceed, 
passages  interesting  in  themselves,  or 
illustrative  of  the  habits  and  characu-r 
of  British  India. 

The  maiden  campaign  of  Munro 
was  a  brisk  one.  He  arrived  in  India 
at  the  beginning  of  1780.  In  June  of 
the  same  year  he  joined  the  army  act- 
ing against  Hyder  Ally,  one  of  the 
most  ai^solute  monarchs  an'l  consum- 
mate generals  of  his  age.  He  shared 
the  gUiries  and  reverses  of  this  army, 
nntil  the  definitive  treaty  with  Tippoo 
in  1784. 

The  following  letter  to  his  mother, 
written  about  the  year  1/87.  i»  in  a 
beautiful  ktrain  of  filial  affection  : 

<*  Dear  MsHani,  7a»{/ore,  lOth  Ntm.  1 785. 
«*  'Hiat-gh  my  sit«i«tioo  is  act  such  as  I 
might  Imvc  expected,  had  Sir  Eyre  Ctioia 
lived,  }et  I  tiill  look  ibrward  with  hojie, 
and  do  not  despair  of  seeing  it  bettered. 
Tlie  only  cause  I  have  for  repioiag,  is  my 
inability  to  assist  my  f^aher  as  I  with,  and 
the  hearing  that  your  spiriu  are  so  truth 
■ffectad  by  the  \on  of  his  fortnoe.  Yet  I 
oaooot  bat  chink  that  you  have  maay  reasons 
for  rejolciDi;.  None  of  yoor  rhlklren  hava 
been  takeo  from  you;  a»d  though  they  e^n- 


2^6 


Review. — Gleig's  Life,  of  Sir  Thomas  Munro,         [March, 

veries   concerning   muscular  motion."  —  i. 


not  put  you  in  a  state  of  af&uence,  they  can 
place  you  beyond  the  reach  of  want  The 
tiiTie  will  come,  I  hope,  when  they  will  be 
able  to  do  more,  and  to  make  the  latter  days 
of  your  lire  as  happy  as  the  first.  When  I 
couijjare  your  situation  with  that  of  most 
mothers  whom  1  remember,  I  think  that 
you  have  as  little  reason  for  grieving  as  any 
of  them.  Many  that  are  rich,  are  unhappy 
in  their  families.  The  loss  of  fortune  is  but 
a  partial  evil ;  you  are  in  no  danger  of  expe- 
riencing the  much  heavier  one — of  "having 
unthankful  children.  The  friends  that  de- 
serted you  with  your  fortune  were  unworthy 
of  your  society ;  those  that  deserved  your 
friendship  have  not  forsaken  yon. 

**  Alexander  and  I  have  agreed  to  remit 
my  fi&ther  100/.  a  year  between  us.  If  the 
arrears  which  Lord  Macartney  detained  are 
paid,  1  will  send  SOi#/.  in  the  course  of  the 
year  1786.  John  Napisr  will  tell  you  the 
reason  why  it  was  not  in  my  power  to  send 
more." — i.  p.  67. 

The  movemenls  of  bolh  armies,  on 
the  renewal  of  the  war  with  Tippoo, 
are  given  with  singular  vigour  and 
animation  in  letters  lo  his  father. 
These  descriptions  unite  all  the  best 
qualities  of  a  military  historian,  and 
they  will  form  invaluable  documents 
for  future  writers  on  Indian  campaigns. 
To  give  any  specimen  by  which  to 
judge  of  their  merits,  would  be  impos- 
sible ;  they  are  too  closely  connected 
for  separation. 

"  The  following  extract,''  says  Mr. 
Gleig,  ''from  Letters  addressed  to  his 
brother  on  his  first  arrival  in  India, 
deserves  to  be  studied  by  all  young  men 
when  first  starting  into  life." 

*<  Though  1  am,  in  many  respects,  a 
greater  boy  than  you ;  yet,  as  1  have  had 
the  start  of  you  in  this  country,  [  will  ven- 
ture to  give  you  some  hints.  Do  not 
wonder  at  any  tning  you  see ;  or  if  you  do, 
keep  it  to  yourself.  Do  not  pester  people 
with  questions  al>out  me,  for  men  in  general 
are  a&  much  disgusted  with  hearing  a  person 
talk  of  his  relations  as  of  himself.  My 
father  says  you  are  diffident.  I  rejoice  to 
hear  it;  for  it  is  a  fault  more  easily  cor- 
rected than  forwardness.  You  have  no 
reason  to  be  alarmed  at  what  is  called  launch- 
ing out  Into  the  world.  A  little  experience 
will  convince  you,  that  it  is  composed 
neither  of  wiser  nor  of  better  people  than 
you  have  seen  in  small  circles.  Play  your 
own  character  without  affectation,  and  be 
assured  that  it  will  goon  procure  you  friends. 
Do  not  distrust  your  own  medical  skill ;  if 
you  do,  you  are  a  wonderful  doctor.  In 
this  country,  a  good  understanding,  sound 
principlee,  and  oonsistency  of  character, 
will  do  more  for  you  than  a  ihoutand  disco- 


p.  139. 

In  1792  a  treaty  of  peace  was  signed 
with  Tip|)oo,  niid  Mr.  Munro  passed 
from  the  military  to  the  civil  ^ervice. 
From  the  general  ignorance  of  the 
Company's  servants,  of  the  language 
spoken  in  the  ceded  provinces.  Lord 
Cornwallis  was  compelled  to  make 
choice  of  military  men  for  the  collect- 
ing of  the  revenue,  and  for  the  purpose 
of  reconciling  the  inhabitants  to  their 
new  masters.  Amongst  those  selected, 
from  his  knowledge  of  the  eaitern 
dialects,  was  Mr.  Munro,  and  we  find 
him,  until  1799.  engaged  in  civil  occu- 
pations. His  letters  to  his  family  dor* 
ing  this  period,  contain  descriptiocii  of 
Indian  habits,  manners,  customs,  ^nd 
superstitions,  in  the  highest  degree  in* 
structive  and  amusing.  With  a  mind 
vigorous  in  the  extreme,  and  neithei 
enervated  by  climate  nor  emasculated 
by  indulgence,  he  looks  around  him 
with  the  eye  of  a  Christian,  a  philo- 
sopher, and  a  statesman,  and  describes 
what  he  sees  with  a  clearness  and  pre- 
cision, indicative  atonce  of  the  ttrensih 
of  his  talent  and  the  aoandne»  of  nis 
judgment. 

In  1807,  as  Colonel  Monro,  he  re- 
turned to  England,  after  a  residence  in 
India  of  se\  en  and  twenty  years,  during 
which  perio<l  he  had  been  actiYcly  em- 
ployed either  as  a  military  or  civil  of- 
ficer. He  had  discharged  more  ardnoot 
and  important  duties  than  ever  before 
fell  to  the  share  of  a  British  fnnctionary 
in  the  East,  and  his  talents  both  for 
business  and  war  %vrre  acknowledge 
on  all  hands  to  be  of  the  wtrj  highest 
order.  This  is  the  eulogy  or  his  bio- 
grapher, and  it  is  more  inan  justified 
by  the  narrative  of  his  services. 

During  the  residence  of  Col.  Monro 
ill  England,  he  was  called"^  u|)on  to 
give  evidence  before  the  House  of 
Commons;  and  of  all  the  witnesses  ex- 
amined on  the  question  of  a  renewal 
of  the  Company's  charter.  Colonel 
Munro  is  slated  to  have  made  the 
deepest  impression  on  the  House,  *'  by 
the  comprehensiveness  of  his  views, 
by  the  promptitude  and  intelligibility 
of  his  answers,  and  by  the  jud((iiient 
and  sound  discretion  which  cbarao- 
terized  every  sentiment  to  which  he 
gave  utterance." 

A  very  able  paper  was  also  drawn 
up  by  Colonel  Mimro  on  this  im- 
portant subject,  and  it  is  peculiarly 
worthy  of  perosal  at  the  present  bmh 


laao.]  Rbviiw.— Gleig*s  Life  of  Sir  Thomas  Munro. 


9ft! 


inent»  when  the  same  question  ts  about 
to  \yt  agitated  in  Parliament.  But  he 
was  too  raluable  a  senant  to  l>e  per- 
mitted to  remain  in  England.  He  was 
placed  at  the  head  of  a  commission  to 
inquire  into  the  defects  of  the  judicial 
system  of  India;  and  in  1814  (having 
married)  he  returned  to  his  arduous 
Iah«)urs  in  the  East. 

The  commission  to  which  Colonel 
Munro  was  appointed,  after  some  op- 
position, had  ju>t  t>egun  to  act,  when 
in  18l(j  a  war  with  the  Mahraitas,  the 
result  of  a  long  system  of  predatory  in- 
cursions, was  determined  on.  After 
many  disappointments,  for  his  civil 
services  were  too  imfx>rtant  to  be  re- 
linquished, he  was  appointed  to  the 
command  of  a  brigade  in  the  army  of 
the  Dtccan,  under  Sir  T.  Hislop. 
With  what  skill,  courage,  and  saga- 
city this  command  was  fulfilled,  it  is 
unnecessary  to  re|)eat.  The  war  was 
brought  to  a  successful  issue,  and  the 
following  eloquent  tribute  to  the  ta- 
lents and  ser^'ices  of  General  Munro, 
5poken  by  Mr.  Canning  in  the  House 
of  Commons,  will  explain  at  once  the 
nature  of  those  service?*,  and  record 
the  merits  of  this  brave  officer  in  lan- 
guage as  elegant  as  it  is  just. 

*'  At  the  Boathern  extremity  of  this  long 
line  of  operatious,  and  io  a  part  of  tlic 
camiMtgo  carried  on  in  a  dittrict  iaj  horn 
public  gaze,  and  without  the  opportuoiues 
of  earlj  especial  notice,  was  employed  a  man 
who«e  name  I  thould  indeed  have  been  torrj 
to  have  pasted  orer  in  silence.  I  allude  to 
Colonel  Thomas  Munro,  a  gentleman  of 
whose  rare  qualifications  the  late  House  of 
Commons  had  opportunities  <i^  judging  at 
their  bar,  on  the  renewal  of  the  Eut  India 
Company's  charter,  and  than  whom  Europe 
nerer  produced  a  more  accomplished  states- 
man, nor  India,  so  fertile  in  heroes,  a  more 
skilful  soldier.  This  gentleman,  whose  oc- 
cupations for  some  years  must  have  been 
rslber  of  a  ctvd  and  administrative,  than  a 
niiliury  nature,  was  calleJ  euriy  in  the  war 
to  exercise  abilities  which,  though  dormsnt, 
had  not  nisted  from  disuse.  He  went  into 
the  field  with  not  more  than  five  or  six 
hundred  men,  of  whom  a  very  small  pro- 
portion were  Europeans,  and  marched  into 
the  MahratU  territniies,  to  uke  pmne«(sion 
oi  the  countrv  which  had  been  ceded  to  us 
by  the  treaty  of  Poonah.  The  p<»pulation, 
which  he  subjugated  by  arms,  lie  managed 
with  such  address,  equity,  and  wisdoir.,  that 
he  established  an  empire  over  their  hearts 
and  feelings.     Nineforta*  were  surrender- 

*  *'  Mr.  Canning  was  mistakeu  as  to  the 
number  of  fortresses  taken.    £rea  those  re- 


ed to  him,  or  taken  by  assault,  on  his  way ; 
and  at  the  end  of  a  silent  and  scarcely  ob- 
served progress,  ha  emerged  from  a  territory 
heretofore  hostile  to  the  British  interest* 
with  an  accession  instead  of  a  dimioutioa  of 
force,  leaving  eveiy  thing  secure  and  tranquil 
behind  him.  This  result  s|ieaks  mora  than 
could  be  told  by  any  minute  and  extended 
commentary." — i.  p.  505. 

In  January  18 19,  General  and  Mrs. 
Munro  embarked  for  England,  where 
they  arrived  at  the  end  of  June.  After 
a  residence  of  a  few  weeks,  he  was  re- 
called from  Scotland  by  a  notice  of  his 
promotion  to  the  Government  of  Ma- 
dras, as  successor  to  the  Hon.  Hugh 
Elliot.  "  Had  his  private  feehngs  been 
consulted,''  says  Mr.  Gleig,  "  there  is 
reason  to  believe  titai  he  would  have 
declined  the  ap|>oiniment ;  but  Sir 
Tliomas  Munro  was  not  in  the  habit 
of  obeyiuic  his  own  inclinations,  when 
a  sense  of  duty  stood  op}K>sed  to  them  ; 
and  finding  that  his  acceptance  of 
office  was  looked  to  with  anxiety  hy 
men  of  all  parties,  he  did  not  refuse  it. 
His  departure  was  ^celebrated  with  the 
usual  .testimonies  of  respect,  by  the 
Court  of  Directors,  and  in  the  Decem- 
ber of  the  year  he  had  returned,  he 
embarked  a  third  time  for  India,  ac- 
companied by  Lidv  Munro. 

Our  notice  of  the  remainder  of  the 
life  of  this  exemplary  man  must  be 
necessarily  brief.  During  the  period 
in  which  he  held  the  high  and  re- 
sponsible office  of  Governor  of  Madras, 
his  tioie  and  talents  were  devoted  to 
increase  the  comforts  and  respectability 
of  the  European  servants  of  the  Com« 
pany.  His  published  minutes  on  these 
subjects  are  models  of  ofiicial  soperin- 
tcndance  and  of  paternal  care. 

Upon  the  two  great  questions,  of  the 
freedom  of  the  press  in  India  and  the 
conversion  of  the  natives,  we  have  his 
recorded  opinions  at  some  length  ;  he 
holds  the  former  as  utterly  incompati- 
ble wiih  the  continuance  of  our  autho- 
rity in  the  East ;  and  his  arguments  we 
think  are  unanswerable.  On  the  subject 
of  conversion,  while  he  objects  to  the 
double  employment  of  the  Couipany't 
servants  as  collectors  and  magistrates, 
and  as  teachers  of  religion,  he  does 
not  oppose  the  labours  of  those  mis- 

doced  under  the  immediate  eye  of  General 
Monro  himself  exceeded  the  nnmlier  of 
nine  ;  and  if  others  captured  under  his 
auspices  be  counted,  they  will  amount  to 
more  tluin  thrice  nine.'* 


Q^S 


Review. — Gleig*s  Life  of  Sir  Thomas  Munro,         [March, 


sioiiaries  who  have  been  sent  out  by 
the  diB'erent  European  Goverume nts. 

"  These  men  (he  Mys]  visit  every  port  of 
the  country,  and  pursue  their  labours  with- 
out the  smallest  hindrance,  and  as  they  have 
no  power,  they  are  well  received  every  where. 
In  order  to  dispose  the  natives  to  receive 
our  instruction,  and  adopt  our  opinion,  we 
must  first  gain  their  attachment  and  confi- 
dence, and  this  can  only  be  accomplished 
by  a  pure  administration  of  justice,  by  mode- 
rate assessment*  res|>ect  for  their  customs, 
and  general  good  government.'*— ii.  p.  44. 

There  was  no  departnient  into  which 
Sir  T.  Munro  did  not  carry  a  wise  su- 
perintendance,  and  his  administration 
may  be  distinguished  as  etnbracing 
those  principles  which  he  had  so  care- 
fully laid  down.  He  was  essentially  a 
practical  man. 

We  have  no  space  for  extracts,  but 
his  letters  addressed  to  various  mem- 
bers of  the  Government  at  home,  ex- 
hibit the  finest  illustrations  of  his 
statesmanlike  and  philanthropic  views. 

India  %vas  again  in  a  state  of  pro- 
found repose,  and  again  the  heart  of 
Sir  T.  Munro  yearned  towards  his  na- 
tive land.  The  Burmese  war,  how- 
ever, suspended  this  intention,  and  in- 
duced him  to  recall  the  resignation  he 
hud  sent  home.  His  correspondence 
with  Lord  Amherst  during  the  conti- 
nuance of  this  war,  shows  the  zeal  with 
which  he  entered  into  every  arrange- 
ment ;  and  the  votes  of  thanks  which 
followed  the  close  of  hostilities,  are  the 
best  proofs  of  the  manner  in  which  his 
services  were  appreciated.  It  was  dur- 
ing this  period  that  a  second  son  was 
born  to  him.  The  illness  of  this  child 
induced  Lady  Munro  to  einhark  wiih 
her  infant  for  England,  and  the  pa- 
rents never  met  again. 

lUit  we  must  hasten  to  a  close. 

**  On  the  day  when  the  signing  of  the 
definitive  treaty  was  communicated  to  the 
Madras  Government,  he  dis|>atched  not 
fewer  than  six  copies  of  a  letter  in  which 
his  extreme  impatience  to  resign  office  was 
stated.** 

During  the  inten-al  that  t-lapsed  he 
formed  the  unfortunate  resolution  of 
visiting  his  old  friends  in  the  ceded 
districts.  The  season  was  unpropi- 
tious,  and  the  cholera  was  racing;  and 
to  this  disease  he  fell  a  victim. 

We  will  not  attempt  to  injure  the 
simple  statement  of  Mr.  Gleig:  he 
writes  as  follows : 

"  It  was  now  one  o*clock  in  the  day,  and 
his  pulse  lieing  still  full  and  goofl,  sangnihe 
hopes  were  cncuurn^^cd  that  all  mi|^ht  still 


be  well ;  hut  from  that  time  he  failed  ra- 
pidly, and  the  fears  of  his  friends  and  at- 
tendants became  severely  excited.  AI»out 
three,  honever,  he  rallied,  and  feeling  bet- 
ter, exclaimed  with  a  tone  of  peculiar  sweet- 
ness, <  that  it  was  almost  worth  while  to  be 
ill,  in  order  to  be  so  kiudly  nursed.'*  Be- 
tween three  and  four,  no  event  of  import- 
ance occurred,  except  that  be  repeatedly  al- 
luded to  the  trouble  which  he  gave,  and 
urged  the  gentlemen  aroimd  him  to  with- 
draw ;  but  soon  nfter  four,  he  himself  re- 
marked that  his  v<iice  vras  growing  weaker, 
and  his  sense  of  hearing  more  acnte.  These 
were  the  last  articulate  wonis  he  ottered, 
for  the  disease  increased  rapidly  npon  him ; 
and  though  faint  hopes  were  more  than 
once  entertained,  owing  to  the  appevaace 
of  ccruin  favourable  symptoms,  for  tlie  ap- 
prehensions that  accompanied  them  there 
was  too  much  ground.  Sir  Thomas  Munro 
lingered  till  half-past  nine  in  the  evening, 
and  then  fell  asleep.'* — ii.  p.  205. 

A  character  of  Sirlhomns  Munro, 
affeciing,  from  the  simple  elegance  of 
the  language,  and  vindicated  in  its  eu- 
logy by  the  undeviaiins  rectitude  of 
his  life,  has  been  siven  by  Mr.  Gleig. 
We  would  willingly  extract  it,  but  wc 
must  content  ourseh'es  with  congratu- 
lating England,  India,  his  family,  and 
friends,  in  having  poiKssed  lo  eminent 
a  man,  both  in  public  and  private  life, 
as  Sir  T.  Munro,  and  who,  more  for- 
tunate than  many  of  the  great  ami 
good,  has  found  in  Mr.  Gleig  a  biogra- 
pher who  could  appreciate  his  talenu» 
discriminate  each  shade  of  his  public 
and  domestic  life,  and  build  up,  if  we 
may  so  s|)eak,  from  scattered  materials 
of  his  virtues  and  talents,  an  imperish- 
able monument  to  his  memory. 

How  well  Mr.  Gleig  has  executed 
his  task,  the  lucid  arrangement  and  the 
conneclinn;  narrative  bear  ample  testi- 
mony. To  the  historian  the  Life  of 
Sir  Thomas  Munro  will  be  an  invalu- 
able guide,  and  an  unerring  light  in 
his  rest?arches  in  British  India:  nor 
cm  we  conceive  a  more  valuable  pre- 
sent that  could  be  made  to  young  men 
about  to  embark  in  the  public  sen  it  e 
of  their  country,  than  the  Tolunies 
which  have  been  the  subject  of  our 
imperfect  notice. 

The  Appendix  is  a  collection  of  va* 
luable  fKipers,  which  will  amply  re- 
ward a  diligent  perusal. 

Con9oUjUon»  in  Travel ;  or  the  last  D*^  ff 
a  Pkilotophir,     By  Sir  Humphry  Da«y» 
Bart,  hie  Pregidenl  of' the  Ejoyal  Society. 
Ib'mo.  /m.981. 
THERE  were  times  when  ihe  study 

of  philodophical  works  runccrning  llw 


1S30.1         Revibw.-— Sir  H.  Dary's  Consolations  in  Travel. 


history  of  man,  was  e^pccinlly  recom- 
nieiultrd  ai  ihc  Univeniliet;  and  know- 
inz  at  we  do,  ihal  in  ditcnsaions  about 
religion,  enthusiasm  is  substituted  for 
reason,  and  ambition  for  principle,  we 
have  found  reference  to  these  law  hooki 
about  the  actual  nature  of  man,  the 
operation  of  circumstances,  and  the 
practicable  mediaof  improvement,  very 
valuable.  For  be  it  recollected  (and  it 
is  not  our  own  idea)  that  the  way  to 
acquire  wisdom  is  to  study  circum- 
stances, to  collect  evidence,  and  deter- 
mine by  it.  But  in  the  present  day, 
theorists  who  want  to  carry  certain  po« 
litical  innovations  (in  fact  to  overthrow 
the  Church),  have  made  the  public 
press  a  merry  andrew  of  mountebnnks; 
and  Ferguson,  Kaimes,  Millar.  Stuart, 
&c.  &c.  are  never  quoted.  Philoso- 
phers, by  deductions  from  history,  have 
lold  us  what  was  practicable,  and  what 
not.  They  have  poured  money  into 
our  purses  (steam,  machinery,  &c.) 
and  antidotes  to  death  into  our  heads, 
as  in  the  vaccine,  and  the  safety-lamp 
of  the  philosopher  before  us. 

Compare  the  results  of  fanaticism 
with  those  of  philosophy.  The  for- 
mer has  filled  the  country  with  such 
interpretations  of  the  Holy  Bible  as 
insult  the  wisdom  of  the  Almighty; 
but  what  has  the  latter  produced?— 
results  npproaching  almost  to  MIRA- 
CLPS.     Take  as  examples  : 

*'  The  practical  results  of  the  progress  of 
plusicf,  cUeniistrr,  and  roechanics,  are  of 
ttie  most  marvelloufl  kind ;  and  to  mske 
tliem  all  distinct,  would  require  a  compari- 
flon  of  ancient  and  modem  states  :  ships 
that  were  moved  hj  human  labour  in  tlie 
ancient  world,  are  transported  by  the  winds  ; 
and  a  piece  of  steel  touched  by  the  magnet, 
points  to  the  maiioer  his  unerring  course 
from  tlie  old  to  the  new  world ;  and  bj  the 
exertions  of  one  man  of  genius,  aided  bv  the 
resources  of  chemistry,  a  power  which  by 
the  okl  philosophers  could  hardly  have  been 
imajsined,  has  been  generated  and  ai^plied 
to  almost  all  the  machinery  of  active  life— 
the  steam-engine  performs  not  only  the  la- 
bour of  horses  but  of  man,  by  combina- 
tions which  sppear  almost  possessed  of  intel- 
ligence, waggons  are  moved  by  it,  construc- 
tions made,  vessels  eaused  to  perform  voyages 
in  opposition  to  wind  and  tide,  and  a  power 
placed  in  human  baoda  whiefa  aeems  aJmost 
unlimited.  To  these  oovel  and  still  Cfxtend- 
ma  improvements  wmj  be  added  others, 
which,  though  of  a  secondary  kind,  yet  ma- 
terially affrct  the  comforts  of  life ;  the  col- 
lecting from  fossil  materials  the  elements  of 
combustion,  and  applying  them  so  as  to  il- 
luminate, liy  a  single  operation,  houses, 
streets,  and  even  rities.     If  you  look  to  the 


t99 

results  of  chemical  arts,  you  will  6od  new 
substances  of  the  most  extraordiaaiy  nature 
applied  to  novel  purposes ;  you  will  £nd  a 
few  experimeou  in  electricity  leading  to  tlie 
marvellous  result  of  disarming  the  thunder- 
cloud of  its  Urrors,  and  you  will  see  new 
instruments  created  by  human  ingenuity, 
possessing  the  same  powers  as  the  electrieal 
organs  of  living  animals.  To  whatever  part 
of  the  vision  of  modem  times  you  cast  your 
eyes,  you  will  find  marks  of  superioiity  and 
improvement ;  and  the  resulu  of  intellectual 
labour,  or  of  scientific  genius,  are  perma- 
nent and  incapable  of  being  lost.  Muoarchs 
change  their  plans  ;  GoveromenU  their  ob- 
jects :  but  a  piece  of  steel  touched  by  the 
magnet,  preserves  iu  character  for  ever,  and 
secures  to  man  the  dominion  of  the  track- 
less ocean.  A  new  period  of  society  may 
send  armies  from  the  shores  of  the  Baltic 
to  those  of  the  Euxine,  and  the  empire  of 
the  followers  of  Mahomet  may  lie  broken  in 
pieces  by  a  northern  people,  and  the  domi- 
nion of  the  Britons  iu  Asia,  may  share  the 
fate  of  that  of  Tamerlane  or  Zengbis  Khan ; 
hut  the  steam-lMMt  which  ascends  the  Dela- 
ware or  the  St.  Laurence  will  be  continued 
to  l»c  used,  and  will  carry  the  civilizatiou  of 
an  imptoved  oeople  into  the  deserU  of  North 
America,  and  into  the  wilds  of  Canada.  In 
the  common  hbtory  of  the  world,  as  com- 
piled by  authors  in  general,  almost  all  the 
great  changes  of  nations  are  confounded 
with  changes  in  their  dynasties,  and  events 
are  usually  referred  either  to  sovereigns, 
cliicfs,  heroes,  or  their  armies,  which  do  in 
fact  originate  from  eutirely  different  causes, 
either  of  an  intellectual  or  moral  nature. 
Governments  depend  fiir  more  than  is  gene- 
rally supposed  upon  the  opinion  of  the  peo- 
ple, and  the  spirit  of  tlie  age  and  nation.** 
pp.  3t— 86. 

Now  philosophers,  when  untainted 
with  hostility  to  Revelation  (and  Sir 
Humphry  was  one  of  them),  are 
blessings  to  the  homan  race.  In- 
stead of  diminishing  the  cnmCorts  of 
man,  by  way  of  improving  his  virtue, 
it  augments  them,  because  as  people 
grow  wiser  they  grow  better. 

Supernatural  communications  are 
either  contemptuously  ridiculed,  or  su- 
perstitiously  cheri^^hed ;  but  if  it  be 
true,  as  it  un<loubtedly  is,  that  there 
are  unknown  laws  of  Providence,  by 
which  things  are  regulated,  then  the 
anecdote,  soon  to  be  related,  will  show 
that  there  is  a  certain  portion  of  faith 
to  be  attached  to  ^host  sforie«,  which 
is  not  unphilosophical.  The  existence 
of  unknown  laws  of  Providence  is 
proved  (if  it  requires  proof)  by  the  fol- 
lowing fact : 

"  Tliere  appears  nothing  more  accidental 
tlian  the  ses  of  an  in^t,  yet  take  any  great 
city  or  any  province,  anH  yon  wdl  find  that 


330 


Rbtibw. — Sir  H.  Davy's  Con$oialions  in  Travel.     [Mardi, 


tlie  relations  of  rotlet  and  femalM  are  unal- 
terable."—p.  37. 

Now  for  the  ghost  story. 

Sir  Humphry,  speaking  under  the 
character  of  Philalethes,  says,  that 
while  he  was  suffeiing  under  a  danger- 
ous fever,  and  was  passionately  in  love 
at  the  time  with  a  lady  who  had  black 
hair,  dark  eyes,  and  pale  complexion, 
a  female  figure  continually  haunted 
him,  in  the  mind's  eye,  which  had 

"Brown  hair,  blue  eyes,  and  a  bright 
rosy  complexion,  and  was  far  unlike  any  of 
the  amatory  furma  which  in  early  youth  had 
io  often  haunted  his  imagination. ' — p.  70. 

As  he  became  convalescent,  the  vi- 
sion gradually  disappeared ;  but,  he 
says, 

'*  Ten  years  after  I  had  recovered  from 
the  fever,  and  when  I  had  almost  lost  the 
recollection  of  the  vision,  it  was  recalled  to 
my  memory  by  a  very  blooming  and  grace- 
ful maiden,  fourteen  or  fifteen  years  old, 
that  I  accidentally  met  during  my  travels  in 
Illyria :  but  I  cannot  say  that  the  irapres- 
iion  made  upon  nay  mind  by  this  female 
was  very  strong.  Now  comes  the  extraor- 
dinary part  of  the  narrative.  Ten  years  af- 
ter— twenty  years  after  my  first  illuess — at 
a  time  when  I  was  exceedingly  weak  from  a 
severe  and  dangerous  malady,  which  for 
many  weeks  threatened  mv  life,  and  when 
my  mind  was  almost  in  a  desponding  state, 
being  in  a  course  of  travels  ordered  by  my 
medical  advisers,  I  again  met  the  person 
who  was  the  representative  of  my  visionary 
female  ;  and  to  ner  kindness  and  care  I  b^ 
lieve  I  owe  what  remains  to  roe  of  exist- 
ence.**—p.  71. 

Now  this  is  ascribed  to  mere  imagi- 
nation, excited  by  disease ;  but  though 
events  may  be  prophesied,  because  they 
are  foreseen,  how  can  the  identity  of 
the  figure  in  the  vision  with  the  fe- 
male be  so  explained  ?  The  pheno- 
mena of  perception  are,  as  justly  ob- 
served in  p.  214,  not  explicable  by  any 
mediate  intervention  known  to  us;  and 
if  not  of  perception,  certainly  not  of 
anticipation;  yet  the  existence  of  pre- 
sentiments is  undeniable.  "Impon- 
derable agents,  such  as  electricity, 
possess  (says  Sir  Humphry),  force 
sufllicient  to  overthrow  the  weightiest 
structures  ;'*  and  "  fear  could  not  exist, 
if  there  was  not  anticipation.'*  Percep- 
tion, therefore,  may  be  influenced  l)y 
media,  of  which  we  have  no  know- 
ledge, acting  u))on  ho()e  or  fear. 

Sir  Humphry  evidently  was  medi- 
tating upon  the  prospect  of  early  dis- 
solution, when  he  wrote  these  "his 
last  words.**    The  "  last  words  "  of  a 


man  like  him  obviously  carry  with 
them  authority  not  merely  human,  but 
demi-divine,  tor  the  last  words  of  dy- 
ing people  are  said  to  be  prophetic. 
He  admits  the  |M>ssible  immortality  Qf 
the  sentient  principle,  but  presumes 
that  our  souls  carry  with  them  to  ano- 
ther state  only  our  intelleccoal  power. 

"You  ask  me  if  they  have  any  know- 
ledge or  reminiscence  of  their  transitiooi  ; 
tell  me  of  your  own  recollections  in  she 
womb  of  your  mother,  and  I  will  amwer 
you.  It  is  the  law  of  Divine  WlsdoiD,  that 
no  spirit  carries  with  it  into  aaothar  staSie 
and  being,  any  habit  or  mental  qualify  ex- 
cept those  whk;h  may  be  connected  with  its 
new  wants  or  enjoyments  i  and  knowledga 
relating  to  the  earth  would  be  no  naoie  vae- 
ful  to  these  glorified  beings  than  their 
earthly  system  of  organised  duit,  wluch 
would  be  instantly  resolved  into  its  ulti- 
mate atoms  at  such  a  temperature  [ha  is 
speaking  of  comets].  Even  on  the  earth,  the 
butterfly  does  not  transport  with  it  Into  the 
air  the  organs  or  the  appetites  of  the  crawl- 
ing worm  from  which  it  s|»nmg.  There  is, 
however,  one  sentiment  or  pasaion  which 
the  monad  or  spiritual  esseact  carries  with 
it  into  all  its  stages  of  being,  and  which  in 
tliese  happy  and  elevated  craaturca  is  cooU- 
nually  exalted — the  love  of  knowledge  or  of 
intellectual  power,  which  is  in  &ct,  in  ita  ul- 
timate and  most  perfect  developement,  the 
love  of  infinite  wisdom  and  unbounded  power, 
or  the  love  of  God.**— p.  57. 

All  this  is  imaginative.  Sir  Ham- 
phry  knew  that  man  could  not  possi- 
bly understand  any  thing  beyond  the 
limited  sphere  of  his  own  being;  and 
therefore  could  have  no  accurate  ideas 
of  religion,  except  by  Revelation.  He 
vindicates,  however,  by  philosophy, 
certain  Scriptural  difficulties,  as  tba 
Judaic  prohibition  of  intermarriage 
with  aliens,  and  the  extinction  of 
whole  nations,  in  a  philosophical  nun- 
ner,  superior  even  to  that  of  Bishops 
Watson  (pp.  39,  8S) ;  and  he  shows 
that  the  religion  of  Jehovah,  as  em- 
bracing the  most  perfect  form  of 
iheisin,  and  the  most  refined  and 
exalted  morality,  is  that  which  alone 
is  fit  for  the  civilised  world.  As,  too. 
Sir  William  Herschell  believed  that 
there  is  nebulous  or  luminous  matter 
now  in  the  process  of  forming  new 
suns,  and  as  it  is  evident  that  the  mo- 
derns have  produced  a  far  more  intel- 
leclual  existence  than  the  ancients, 
he  is  of  opinion  (p.  S80)  that  genii  or 
seraphic  intelligences  may  inhabit  the 
planetary  fysiems,  and  be  the  minii- 
ters  of  the  Eternal  Mind ;  and  because 
we  know  nothing  of  the  generation  o( 


1830.]         BibcrB  Lec/nrct.— -Daubenys  GukU  to  the  OiwrcA.  «Sl 

the  human  being  in  ihc  ordinary  course     ike  commitobe  op  tmb  Society  cow- 
of  naiure,  lo  he  %tt*  no  improbability     cerned  in  ike  matter  had  ordered  two 
ihc  idea  ihal  au  iniegrani  pari  of  his     hundred  copies  of  thai  number  of  ike 
sciice  may  have  animalcd  a  human    paper  which  was  to  contain  the  report 

of  their  proceedingt.'^'ib. 

In  p  25g,  Dr.  Bibcr  informs  us  that 


in  th 
e» 

form. — p.  93. 

Wriiingj  which  prove  Revelation 
by  Pro*i(lencc  need  no  praise,  and  il 
is  to  philosophers  like  Sir  Humphry 
Davy  and  others,  not  to  such  mere 
public  crirrs  as  fanatics,  that  we  owe 
the  means  of  coniprehending  and  ac- 
crediting the  Divine  Will  in  the  insti- 
tution of  our  religion. 

Of  the  author  we  can  only  say,  that 
it  is  needless  todescribe  a  luminous  body 
visible  to  the  whole  world  as  a  star  or 
a  sun.  It  was  an  ancient  piece  of  my- 
thology, that  a  man  might  become  a 
constellation  ;  and  whatever  may  be 
the  physical  absurdity,  it  is  ceruin 
that  there  have  been  great  men  whose 
memory  is  not  less  brilliant  than  that 
of  the  starry  orbs. 


Christian  Educatiim,  in  a  Course  of  Leetura, 
By  £.  Biber,  Ph.  D.     9vo.  pp.  S87. 

IT  is  not  uncommon  for  a  man  of 
talents  to  be  a  natural  also ;  and  such 
a  person  we  take  this  Dr.  Biber  to  be, 
because  he  expects  to  carry  a  point  by 
mere  sneer  and  insolt«  which  only  pro- 
voke hostility ;  and  because  he  informs 
us  in  p.  143,  that  he  makes  it  a  rule  to 
censure  that  of  which  he  thinks  better 
than  of  any  otber  *•  thing  !**  We, 
however,  though  "  gentiles  among  the 
Lord's  people"  (see  pp.  201,  259),  'C® 
greatly  obliged  to  him  for  confirming 
our  repeated  strictures  concerning  the 
follies  now  prevalent  under  the  name 
of  religion.  VVe  shall,  from  public  mo- 
lives,  and  in  our  own  vindication,  ex- 
pose some  of  these. 

We  have  said  that  the  puffs  of  the 
Bible  Society,  &c.  are  paid  for,  and 
exposuies  suppressed.  In  consequence 
of  tiiis  ailirmation,  a  Mr.  Tarn,  who 
styled  himself  assistant  secretary,  pub- 
lished a  solemn  declaration,  th^vt  kg 

SUCH  MBASURE  WAS  EVER  RfiSORTKO 
TO    BY   TUR  COMMITTEB  OR  OFFIChRS 

(>F  THE  SociBTY.  (See  oor  Magasiue 
for  January  1H29,  vol.  xcix.  p.  VI.) 

Now,  what  says  Dr.  Biber? — Be* 
cause  he  preferred  the  Bible  Society  to 
every  other  religious  institution  what- 
ever, he  therefore  wrote  an  article 
against  it,  in  a  periodical  journal. — 
p.  143. 

But  his  article  was  suppressed,  avoW" 
ediy "  for  no  oikit  reason,  lui  because 


the  Holy  Scriptures  are  turned  into 
^gfi^^is,  by  way  of  an  artificial  me- 
mory. We  will  not  disgust  our  read- 
ers with  his  specimens ;  but  one,  by 
which  the  pence  table  is  taught  in  in- 
fant schools,  may  perhaps  amuse  them : 

<*  Forty  pence  are  three  aDd  four  pence, 
A  pretty  sum,  or  rro  mistaken, 
Firty  pence  are  four  and  two  pence, 
Which  will  buy  five  pounds  of  bacon." 

P.  173. 

Of  Tea  and  Bible  parties,  Dt,  Biber 
says: 

**  Often  have  I  been  shocked,  when  in  a 
drawing  room,  fitted  up  with  all  the  lu«a- 
rtet  of  the  world,  where  every  thing  bespe«ks 
the  Maminun  service  of  the  master,  and  the 
vanity  of  the  mistr«M,  after  a  long  gossip, 
during  which  hi/pocriticat  conceit,  malice^ 
slander,  and  all  uneharitableness,  were  in- 
dutged, — to  cloae  the  scene  worthily,  ths 
Bible  was  brought  m,"  &o. 

That  such  practices  as  these,  which 
Dr.  Biber  exposes,  must  cause  Reason 
to  retropade  and  Religion  to  be  ridi- 
culed, IS  manifest. 

Archdeacon  Daabeny't  Guide  to  the  Chutch. 
New  Edition,  wUh  Life  and  Portrait,  8 
vols.  8w>. 

THAT  "too  many  cooks  spoil  the 
broth,"  is  a  just  though  homely  adage, 
and  in  application  of  it  to  religion, 
that  of  the  present  dav  is  as  ftdl  of 
strange  ingredients  as  tlic  cauldron  of 
the  witches  in  Macbeth.  At  least  the 
intention  and  rperation  of  both  are,  in 
a  civil  and  political  view,  the  same, 
viz.  dealing  with  the  devil  and  evok- 
ing spirits,  which,  if  they  are  tried^ 
arc  certainly  not  of  God  ;  there  beins 
such  things  as  '*  seducing  doctrines,  * 
and  "  doctrines  of  devils."  The  detce* 
tion  and  exposure  of  such  mischief  is 
the  distinguishing  characteristic  of 
Archdeacon  Daobeny's  writings;  and 
amidst  all  the  varied  subjects  which  he 
treats,  we  have  not  found  a  single 
sophism,  so  excellent  is  his  logic,  and 
so  sound  it  his  argument ! 

It  is,  however,  some  comfort  to 
spaak  the  truth,  to  be  conscientiotisly 
upright;  and  it  is  a  public  good,  be- 
cause it  warns  us  against  empiricism 
itnd  folly  I  Dor  can  there  be  a  doubc 


t32 


Rbvibw.— Daubeoy^s  Guide  to  the  Churvh,  [March, 


but  that  all  positions  of  high  reason 
have  a  great  influence  upon  legisla* 
lion  and  example.  Valuing,  there- 
fore, as  we  do,  the  golden  currency 
of  the  excellent  Archdeacon's  opi- 
nions, we  shall  presently  give  them 
in  main  points,  because  we  know 
enough  of  the  habiu  of  the  present 
times  in  religious  matters,  to  alBrm, 
that  he  who  wishes  to  he  a  safe  and 
reputable  swindler  cannot  do  belter 
than  to  begin  with  being  a  saint  —  a 
harsh  cynicism,  it  is  true  ;  but  it  is  our 
misfortune  to  judge  of  reliu:ious  im- 
pression by  conduct  and  disposition, 
and  not  by  ostentation  or  profession. 

Liberfy  of  conscience.  Nothing  more 
than  private  persuasion. — i.  104. 

Toleration  Act.  Only  a  suspension  of 
penalties. — id.  112. 

Bible  without  note  and  comment. 

**  It  was  a  complaint  made  by  one  of  the 
primitive  writers  of  the  Church,  '  that  the 
sense  of  the  Scriptures  was  the  only  r/iece 
of  knowleflge  which  every  one  thought  him- 
self a  com|)etent  judge  uf,  without  pains  or 
study ;  wicliout  the  help  of  a  guide  or  in- 
structor;* a  presumption  which  the  levity 
and  thoughtlessness  nf  the  age  have  tended 
to  increase.  But  whiUt  there  are  things 
hard  to  be  understood  in  the  Scriptures, 
which  unlearned  and  unstable  men  did  in 
the  Apostles'  days  wrest  to  their  own  de- 
struction ;  the  notion  that  any  man,  without 
the  aid  of  study  or  learning,  is  qualified  to 
be  an  expounder  of  the  Word  of  Gad  ; 
<  rightly  to  divide  the  word  nf  truth,*  as  the 
Apostle  expresses  it ;  seems  calculated  not  so 
much  to  serve  the  cause  of  religion,  as  that 
offoUy,  enthusiasm,  and  imposture."— i.  197* 

Nonconformity.  The  principles  of 
nonconformity  ultimately  produce  fac- 
tion in  the  Slate  and  infidelity  in  the 
Church. — i.  351. 

Depreciation  of  works, 

**  The  doctrine  of  faith  withc»ut  works 
has,  indeed,  of  late  )ears  been  put  out  of 
countenance:  but  ih<iuch  it  does  not  ap- 
pear so  openly  among  Christians  as  it  once 
did,  it  is  still,  I  fear,  making  its  way  in  dis- 
guise. A  doctrine  nearly  related  to  it  is  at 
this  day  propogated,  incompatible,  if  I  un- 
derstand it,  with  the  grand  economy  of 
man's  salvation ;  I  mean  that  doctrine  which 
represents  the  fruiu  of  holiness  as  the  ne- 
cessary produce  of  Christian  faith.  Persons 
who  profess  to  write  agniost  the  gross  cor- 
ruption of  Aniinottiianismj  may  uninten- 
tionally promote  it,  by  ad<ipting  a  mode  of 
reconciling  the  two  apostles  St.  Paul  acd 
St.  James,  to  which  the  apostles  themselves 
would  not  subscribe.  If,  with  the  view  of 
doing  honour  to  faith,  as  the  root  or  found- 
ation of  Christian  practice,  because  no  Chris- 


tian practice  can  exist  independent  of  ii»  tXsm 
fiuiu  of  holiness  are  to  be  considered  ••  its 
tucessary  produce,  not  only  a  great  part  nf 
St.  Paul's  writings  would  be  without  maan- 
ing,  but  the  supposed  attempt  of  St.  James 
to  counteract  the  wrong  conclusions  that 
might  be  drawn  from  some  paru  of  them 
taken  unconnectedly,  would  nave  been  uae- 
less,  because  in  such  case  no  such  eimclu- 
sion  could  have  been  drawn.*'— ii.  893. 

Gospel  Preachers.  It  is  one  of  ihe 
hackneyed  phrases  of  the  day,  that  the 
Clergy  are  not  gospel  ministers.  It  is 
not  easy  to  speak  without  severity  of  a 
charge  so  destitute  of  truth,  and  so  en- 
tirely void  of  charity,  lu  addition  to 
the  inconveniences  which  sometimes 
happen,  when  important  doctrines  are 
stated  differently  in  the  same  congrega- 
tion, the  evil  must  become  intolerable 
when  a  direct  attempt  is  made  to  depre- 
ciate the  ministry  of  a  fellow-labourer; 
to  alienate  the  affectious  of  his  flock  ; 
and  to  accuse  him,  however  pious,  or- 
thodox, and  learned,  of  darkening  the 
counsel  of  God.-^ii.  4l6. 

Salvation  by  grace.  Preachers  of 
salvation  by  grace,  like  the  gospellers 
of  the  last  century,  should  rather  be 
called  preachers  o\  absolute  decrees, 
predestination,  election,  and  faiiK 
without  works.— ii.  417* 

Evangelical  Magatine.  A  publica- 
tion which  seems  to  have  been  set  on 
foot  for  the  express  pur|X»se  of  propa- 
gating schism.— ii.  3A9- 

Every  man  has  a  rigki  to  wonhip 
God  in  his  own  way, 

<*  If  it  were  the  business  of  man  to  make 
a  religion  for  hinueif,  the  deist*  die  theo- 
philanthropist,  the  Stoic,  or  avcn  the  Epi- 
curean himself,  might  be  ap|iruvedt  but 
this  is  not  the  case.  We  are  to  betievt 
what  God  has  taught  us,  and  to  do  what  he 
has  commanded.  To  talk,  therefore,  in  the 
liberal  language  of  the  day,  that  every  man 
has  a  ri^ltt  to  worship  God  in  hfa  own  way, 
is  downright  nonsense."— ii.  78* 

Enthusiasm. 

*<  Vanity  is  the  life  and  sod  of  ea- 
thnsiasm.  This  weakneu  of  the  human 
understanding,  and  vanity  of  the  hanan 
heart,  constitutes  the  pnnary  and  puwer- 
ful  causes  of  that  clwnge  in  religiuus  ko- 
guage  and  feelings,  which  has  L^  degrees 
been  productive  of  that  lamentable  defec- 
tion from  our  established  or  orthod«tt 
Church,  which  so  peculiarly  distinguishes 
the  character  of  these  latter  days.*' — u.  79. 

Church-building. 

*<  llie  roost  decisive  ex|)eriment  having 
been  made,  that  the  prmciples  of  aun- 
cooformity  ultimately  pniduce  fiution  in 
the   Sutc  and   infidelity   in   tlif  Chareh, 


Itaa]        RiTitV.— Popu^cr  Vo^agm  md  Trtnek^J^ktt.         (BSS 


tlioM*to  whom  tlM  guiriiii^iip  of  mv 
CititurioB  hat  btCB  •nmnitudy  otaaot 
IwUtf  discharge  their  troti,  thui  bj  ffhri^g 
all  fiOMibU  eocouragitHMot  lo  tht  oaiM- 
tng  additional  chnrehct  in  all  popalotis 
■  plaeta,  where  thoee  already  built  prove  too 
sBall  for  the  accommodation  of  the  inh*- 
httanu.'*— I.  asft. 

We  fthall  conclode  our  extracts  with 
an  anecdote  concerning  Modern  Di- 
vines. 

"  At  an  ordination  tenrice  which  took 
place  at  a  meeting  of  Diitenten,  it  waa 
oheerffd  by  a  minister  who  waa  expa- 
tiating oa  the  modern  improvementa  in 
religioos  ksowledge,  that  tne  divinee  of 
ihe  preaent  daY  pocaeaacd  'great  advan- 
tages {  for  standing,  as  they  must  he  con- 
aidered  to  do,  upon  the  shoulders  of  the 
Apostles,  they  could  therefore  see  further 
ihaa  they  did.  To  which  an  old  minister 
present,  who  did  ant  see  the  subject  in  the 
same  light,  shrewdly  replied,  <  that  the  mo- 
dem divines,  it  must  oe  allowed,  not  only 
aaw  further  than  the  Apostles  did,  but  also 
lurther,  he  believed,  than  even  Qod  saw  yet." 
•— i.398. 

If  ever  there  was  a  man  who  con- 
ferred honour  opon  the  order  to  which 
tie  belonged,  it  was  Archdeacon  Dau- 
beny.  He  was  a  mighty  pillar  of  the 
Chorch  of  England,  a  giant  combating 
\viih  insects,  as  a  lion  combats  the  ants 
of  Africa,  whose  nest  he  has  trampled 
upon.  He  was  a  Hercules,  who  ought 
to  have  been  a  bishop,  and  would  have 
been  one,  if  be  had  noi  been  a  man  of 
principle ;  if  there  had  been  any  hopes 
of  his  subjecting  himself  lo  tKe  Om- 
phaU  of  political  temporising,  and  sit* 
ling  down  to  work  at  the  distaff  with 
favour-wooing  courtiers. 

To  his  brother  Clergymen  his  works 
are  an  invaluable  acquisition,  because 
they  show  that  in  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land is  lo  be  found  a  complete  arnioury 
of  defensive  weapons ;  and  he  will  be 
ever  venerated  as  vir  jusiut  ei  propo* 
siii  tenax,  the  greatest  of  the  surviving 
few  who  have  not  yet  compromised 
their  professional  integrity. 


Stories  ofpopmUr  Forages  and  TmeU^  wiih 
JUustratkmM,  Trtvelt  in  Turkey »  with  an 
Account  rf  the  Manners  and  Customs  of 
the  JnhatiioHU  qf  Constantinople,  ifc,  icc» 
Ifith  a  preliminary  Sketch  of  the  History 
and  Geography  iff  the  Empire.  l6mo.  pp. 
479. 

THOUGH  Islamism  produces  "the 
desolation  of  future  and  the  destruc- 
tion of  man,"  yet  Mohammed  *'  evca 

Gent.  Mao.  March^  lUO. 


io  the  latest  slrogglet  of  expiring  be- 
inf,  clung  to  hb  apostolical  prelenstoiM 
with  the  same  pertinacity  and  zeal, 
that  he  had  displayed  in  the  triomph- 
antperiod  of  his  career."— p.  4. 

Thus  does  it  appear  that  enthusiasm 
on  his  part,  and  ignorance  on  that  of 
the  people,  laid  tne  foundation  of  a 
curse  which  a  diffusion  of  knowledge 
would  have  blown  into  air. 

Oriental  manners  are  well  known 
to  us  from  the  Arabian  Nishts'  En- 
tertainments and  Lady  M.  W.  Mon- 
tagu's Letters.  The  following  pas- 
sage is  a  further  illustration : 

'*The  ladies  are  always  ia  full  dresa» 
which  is  spleudid  and  becoming.  Mr.  Mad- 
den never  saw  them  wear  turbans.  The  hair 
is  generally  plaited  in  an  embroidered  piece 
of  gauze,  and  circling  the  head,  on  which 
are  all  the  fair  one's  pearls  and  diamonds, 
depends  in  rich  clusters  to  the  wabt,  fre- 
quently much  lower,  and  is  then  con6ned  by 
a  great  number  of  little  gold  ornaments.  In 
Turkish  houses  the  apartments  of  the  harem 
are  commonly  the  largest.  Those  of  the 
wealthy  are  gaudily  decorated  {  the  ceilings 
rudely  painted  in  fresco;  the  paanels  and 
cornices  gilt ;  and  the  walls  furnished  with 
various  repositories,  carved  after  the  Moresco 
fashion,  and  inlaid  with  mother-of-pearl. 

**  A  marble  fountain  usually  occupies  the 
centre  of  the  sitting  room,  aud  soothes  the 
ear  with  the  murmur  of  its  waters.  The 
only  furniture  in  the  chamber  is  the  divan,* 
which  estends  around  its  walls.  The  cover 
is  of  the  finest  cloth,  the  cushions  of  blue 
or  purple  velvet ;  and  the  moat  grateful  per- 
fumes burning  beside  it,  diffuse  their  aroma 
around.  When  the  ladies  diae,  rich  carpeu 
are  spread  on  the  marble  floor,  on  which 
they  sit  after  tlie  oriental  &sliion.  Ooe  dish 
is  served  up  at  a  time,  unaccompanied  by 
any  carving  utensil,  and  the  fingers  of  a 
party  of  beauties  are  employed  in  disuniting 
the  bones  of  a  fowl,  or  partitioning  a  leg  of 
mutton.*' — p.  193. 

"  It  is  almost  impossible," says  our  au- 
thor, "  for  a  Fmnk  to  estimate  the  Oilo- 
man  characier  correctly."  To  us  it  ap- 
pears to  have  the  customary  virtues 
and  vices  of  the  Kavage.  The  follow- 
ing picture  is  extracteci  from  Mr.  Mad- 
den's  work : 

«A  Constantinople  man  of  quality  ia  a 
slow-paced  biped,  of  a  grave  aspect,  and  a 
haughty  carriage;  he  assumes  aa  iadoleat 
air  aad  shufliag  gait ;  the  fornser  is  aoii- 
chaimsee,  the  lauer  toi^ton.    He  wears  bb 


a  A  priat  of  the  interior  of  a  divaa  asay 
be  seen  ia  Sir  Robert  Aiaslie's  Sgypliaa 
Views.— RsT. 


6 


934 


Rbvibw.— PopuZiir  Voyages  and  TravtU-r^Turkefl,      [Marek, 


turbui  over  bis  right  eye»  sports  a  noicgmy 
in  his  bosom,  and  is  generally  to  be  distin- 
guished from  the  million  by  the  magnitude 
of  his  pantaloons.  He  sits  for  hours  smok- 
ing his  chibougue,  wrap^ted  up  in  a  reverie. 
He  has  been  educated  in  the  imperial  se- 
raglio; and  after  serving  his  youth  in 
slavery,  he  is  preferred  to  some  office  in 
the  state,  or  is  advanced  to  the  government 
of  some  distant  province.  In  middle  age  he 
can  iwrhaps  read  and  write,  and  repeat  every 
favourite  chapter  in  the  Koran  from  begin- 
ning to  end,  but  this  is  all  his  knowledge, 
and  he  turns  it  to  the  account  of  plunder. 
1*he  grandee,  however,  relaxes  from  the  fa- 
tigue of  dignity  pretty  often ;  he  perambu- 
lates with  an  amber  rosary  dangling  from 
his  wrist, — he  looks  neither  to  the  right 
nor  to  the  left, — the  corpse  of  a  Rayah  at- 
tracts not  his  attention, — the  head  of  a 
slaughtered  Greek  he  passes  by  unnoticed,— 
he  causes  the  trembling  Jew  to  retire  at  his 
approach, — he  only  shuffles  the  unwary 
Frank  who  goes  along,  it  is  too  trouble- 
some to  kick  him,— he  reaches  the  coffee- 
house before  noon, — an  abject  Christian 
salaams  him  to  the  earth,— spreads  the  new- 
est mat  for  the  Effendi, — presents  the  rich- 
est cup, — and  cringes  by  his  side  to  kiss  the 
bem  of  his  garment,  or  at  least  his  hand. 
The  coffee  peradventure  is  not  good, — the 
Effiendi  storms, — the  poor  Armenian  trem- 
bles,— he  swears  by  nis  father's  beard  he 
made  the  very  best, — in  all  probability  he  gets 
the  cup  at  his  head,  and  a  score  of  maledic- 
tions, not  on  himself,  but  on  bis  mother. 
A  friend  of  the  Effendi  enters,  and  afUr  ten 
minute's  repose,  they  salute  and  exchange 
salaams,  A  most  interesting  conversation 
is  carried  on  by  monosyllables  at  half  hour 
intervals.  The  erandee  exhibits  an  English 
pen-knife, — his  firiend  examines  its  back  and 
blade,— smokes  another  pipcj  and  exclaims 
<  Qod  is  great !' 

**  Pistols  are  next  produced ;  their  value 
is  an  eternal  theme,  and  no  other  discussion 
takes  place  till  a  grave  old  priest  begins  to 
expatiate  on  the  temper  of  his  sword.  A 
learned  Ulema  at  length  talks  of  astronomy 
and  politics ;  how  the  sun  shines  in  the  east 
and  m  the  west  and  every  where  he  shines-* 
how  he  beams  on  a  land  of  Mussulmen ;  how 
all  the  Padishahs  of  Europe  pay  tribute  to 
the  Sultan,  and  how  the  giaours  of  England 
are  greater  people  than  the  infidels  of  France, 
because  they  make  better  pen-knives  and 
finer  pistols.  How  the  Uej  of  Algiers 
made  a  pruoner  of  the  English  Admiral  in 
the  late  engagement,  and  after  destroying 
his  fleet,  consented  to  release  him  on  con- 
dition of  paying  an  annual  tribute ;  and  how 
the  Christiao  ambassadors  came  like  dogs  to 
the  footstool  of  the  Sultan,  to  feed  on  his 
imperial  bonnty.  After  this  ediffing  piece 
of  history,  the  Effendi  takes  his  heave,  with 
the  pioos  ejaculation  of  «  Ma«h  Alk !  how 
wonderful  is  God  !*'    The  waiter  bows  him 


out,  overpowered  with  gratitade  fur  tlw 
third  part  of  an  English  farthings  and  lln 
proud  Effiendi  retnrns  to  his  hairemy— Iw 
walks  with  becoming  dignity  along — per* 
haps  a  merry  andrew  playing  off  his  baf- 
foooery,  catches  his  eye,  he  looks,  but  hb 
spirit  smiles  not,  neither  do  his  lipei  his 
gravity  is  invincible,  and  he  waddles  ottward 
like  a  porpoise  cast  on  shore }  it  is  evident 
that  nature  intended  him  not  for  a  pedea- 
trian  animal,  and  that  he  looks  with  con- 
tempt on  his  locomotive  organs."— «p.  18A 
seq. 

Having  returned   home,    and   per^ 
formed  his  evening  ablutions, 

"His  better  half  or  halves  furnish  roeg 
water  for  his  beard,  and  supply  the  appa- 
ratus of  the  toilette.  After  the  purifioataoa 
of  his  person  he  sits  down  to  supper;  thd 
women  standing  before  him  until  be  Ins 
finiihed  his  repast,  when  dishes  are  intro- 
duced for  their  use.  Good  breediog  fequiiet 
that  they  should  eat  with  the  finger  and 
thumb  only,  and  restrain  the  eifemal  aigna 
of  their  love  of  sweetmeats  within  the  limila 
of  decorum.  Supper  is  removed  by  the  hoet 
of  attendants  who  served  it  up,  and  tmall 
bottles  of  rosoelio  are  generallv  prodveed^ 
of  which  some  ladies  will  take  three  or  fbor 
little  glasses  in  a  fiew  minntes.  A  6mal» 
slave  usually  presents  the  pipe  to  her  mne- 
ter ;  and  coflee  is  not  onfirequtntlj  brought 
by  a  wife,  who  kisses  her  hifd'a  hand,  n 
ceremony  indispensable  in  the  momin|^ 
when  none  of  tne  partners  of  hb  bed  Uiat 
have  not  borne  children  are  permitted  to  be 
seated  in  his  presence.  In  toe  evening  tho 
jce  of  ceremoiiy  dissohee  in  moet  hareBsa» 
and  the  phlegmatic  vices  of  the  Moalem  la 
wrinkled  with  laughter.  A  fiivoorile  pas- 
time is  to  recline  smokinr  in  the  divan* 
while  one  of  the  manried  UMfiea  aliaaipooa 
his  feet  with  her  delicate  fiogem."— p.  188. 


In  purchasing  a  female  ilare,  the 
vender  makes  a  merit  of  her  not  snor* 
ingnor  starting  in  her  ileep^-— p.  l68. 

Demoniac  possession  has  been  deem* 
ed  by  most  divines  to  be  inMniiy.  U 
is  certain  that  the  Greeks,  at  did  tbcf 
ancients,  so  denominate  that  disease. 
— p.  265. 

The  late  war  has  so  brought  Shumla 
into  notice,  that  we  think  the  follow- 
ing account  will  be  interesting  i 

"  Shumla,  styled  the  Thermopyki  of 
Bulgaria,  lies  in  an  angle  of  a  valk^,  romMNl 
b^  two  ridges  of  the  low  Balkan  laacn.* 
he  heights  which  surround  it  on  tbran 


'^ 


*  The  Balkan  is  the  great  ridge  of  thn 
ancient  Mount  Haemns,  extending  in  length 
firom  the  Chilph  of  Venice  to  the  Eniinn, 
and  in  hreedtb  firom  Fakih  toShonilB,  ■huty-- 
six  milM.— ^  199. 


lasa]    IUtibw.— sir  J.  Walflh  on  the  Poor  Lam  in  trtUmd.  935 


u699f  in  an  UDphitheatried  shape,  an  al- 
laott  imprttnaule,  aod  coMtitute  tU  chief 
defipDce.     Tlia   tidet  of  tliese  heights  are 
covered  with  eardeutt  vjoeyardt,  and  plaota* 
tioof.    The  Russiant  besieged  it  without 
soceess  in  1774,  1810,  and  dorine  the  late 
campaifTo.     Their  failore  is  attriouutle  to 
the  peculiar  skill  and  olMttoary  with  which 
the  Tarkt  defend    fortified  places,   for  in 
other  hands  it  would  be  aoteDable.     It  it 
TCfY  large  and  irregular,  like  a  vast  camp. 
It  hat  two  divisions,  the  upper  and  luwer ; 
the   former  is  Turkish;  the  latter,  called 
Warish,  is  Christian^  Jewish*  and   Arme* 
nian.     All  the  roads  to  the  fortresses  on 
the  Danube  diverge  from  Shumla.     Its  for- 
tifications are  earthen  ramparts  and  brick 
walls,    flanked  by  towers,  each  capabit  of 
holding  eight  or  ten  soldiers.     Thej  extend 
over   an  unequal  surface,   three  miles  in 
length,  and  one  in  breadth.     The  town  b 
&mous  for  its  braziery  and  clothing  mann- 
fixtures.     Its   artisans    have    covered    the 
domes  and  minarets  of  the  mosques  with 
homished  tin  plates,  that  glitter  in  the  sun. 
A  Pacha,  who  had  licen  a  prisoner  in  Ros* 
sia«  presented  it  with  a  town  clock.    This, 
with  another  given  by  the  same  individual  to 
Rasgratx,  and  one  set  up  by  Lord  Elgin  at 
Athens,  are  the  only  public  proclaimers  of 
time  of  mechanical  construction,  in  the  do- 
minions of  the  Sultan.    The  population  is 
computed  at  about  sixty   thousand.     The 
view  from  the  heights  presents  an  extensive 
prospect.  Below,  where  the  mouutain  ridges 
terminate,  an  immense  plain  sweeps  away  on 
the  north  to  the  Danube,  and  on  the  east  to 
the  Black  Sea.     At  a  distance  of  fifty-four 
ihiles,  between  two  headlands,  are  seen  the 
town  and  port  of  Varna,  where  those  who 
dread  the  passage  of  the  Balkan,  arrive  by 
sea,  and  proceed  thence  to  Shumla.'*— p.  1  id. 

Here  we  must  leare  the  work, 
which  abounds  with  information,  io 
the  present  timet  particularlv  interest- 
ing. We  finally  hope  that  the  history 
of  Turkey  will  convince  etery  person 
of  the  rate  imjsoriance  of  knowledge 
to  the  prosperity  tod  preseiration  of 
e%'ery  country. 

Poor  Laws  in  Ireiand,  considered  in  their 
protaHe  Effect*  upon  the  Capital,  the 
Profperity,  and  the  progreuive  Improve- 
mcni  rf  thai  Country.  By  Sir  John 
Walsh,  Bart.     8do.  pp,  lU. 

IT  is  obserred  by  Mr.  Turner,  in  his 
History  of  the  Anglo-Saxons,  that 
when  the  soil  of  a  country  becomes 
private  properly,  through  occupancy 
and  cultivation,  a  waste  population, 
whose  labour  is  not  waoleo,  soon  en- 
sues. From  this  cause  have  proceeded 
coiouies,  and  the  gangs  of  banditti. 


which,  as  mercenaries,  have  sold  them- 
selves at  various  seras  to  sovereigns  and 
feudal  lords.    Such  a  waste  population 
being  the  necesury  result  of  appropria* 
tion  of  the  soil,  the  question  is,  what 
is  the  best  mode  of  providing  for  it{ 
because  it  has  a  natural  claim  of  main- 
tenance not  to  be  superseded.    Colo* 
nizaiion,  where  the  mvadcrs  usurped 
liie  territory  of  the   natives,  enslaved 
them  for  labourers  and  artisans,  and 
reserved    the    profession   of   arms    to 
themselves,  is  the  most  ancient  mode. 
As  the  free  population  becomes  more 
dense,  slavery  declines ;  and  as  civi- 
Illation  increases,  and  with  it  produc- 
tion and  luxury,  commerce  aogmenta 
wealth,  and  wealth  dispersed  among 
the   peoiile,  says  Plutarch,  generates 
liberty :  but  civilization  fosters  the  fur- 
ther growth  of  population,  for  many 
and  various  wants  require  division  of 
labour,  and  as  many  distinct  cbsses  of 
society.      In    abstract    consideration, 
when  there  ensues  an  excess  of  popu- 
lation, able-bodied  males  should  find 
employ  in   the  national  service,  arnl 
emigration  to  colonies  be  an  additional 
resource.    Neither  of  these  resources 
has  met  with  encouragement  upon  sys- 
tem, the  waste  population  has  been  in 
most  countries  thrown  upon  the  land, 
and    benevolent  people  nave  recently 
recommended  provision  of  cottages  with 
small  portions  of  land  ;  but  such  a  plan 
not  only  diminishes  the  production  of 
the  soil,  but  under  continued  exteiw 
sion  renders  the  country  a  general  abode 
of  paupeiism.*    The  people  of  Eng- 
land, iiutead  of  adopting  this  alterna- 
tive, contribute  ceruin  sums,  which 
are  called  Poor*s  Rates ;  and  these,  in 
their   original    intention,   imply  only 
tnaintenance  withoui  work  to  the  sick 
and  infirm,   and  work   with   inferior 
wascs  to  the  able-bodied.     Whatever 
evil  may  have  proceeded  from  abuses 
of  this  impost,  the  original  institution 
(as  ill  the  43d  Eliz.)  unlike  the  present 
pl.in,  acted   in  check  of  population, 
and  so  was  a  far  less  evil  than  throw- 
ing  the   people  on    the    land ;   nay, 
while  it  consulted  humanity,  it  stimii« 
lated  industry  and  an  honourable  de-» 
sire  of  independence. 

In  tlie  present  day,  the  grievance  of 
Poor's  Rates  is  owing  to  bad  manage- 
ment, money  payments,  and  luxtiry ; 
and  as  Lord  Chief  Justice  Best  has 
stated,  pao|)erism  must  ensue,   when 

*  Essays  ob  Political  £ouoooiy,  pp.  5«  6. 


93(F        RaviBw:— Sir  j:  Walsh  on  the  Poor  Laws  in  Ireland.    [Marck{ 

wages  sink  below  maintenance.  Those 
excellent  philanthropists^  Messrs.  Be- 
cher  and  Boswonh,  have  nevertheless 
demonstrated,  that  nearly  one  half  of 
the  sums  at  present  raised,  is,  under  an 
improved  system,  unnecessary  ;  and  it 
is  equally  certain  that,  under  their 
plans,  accompanied  with  a  judicious 
scheme  of  emigration  to  take  off  grow- 
ing numbers,  the  country  may  be  al- 
most wholly  relieved  of  the  demorali- 
zation and  burden  of  Poor's  Rates. 

Under  the  opinion  that  where  there 
is  an  excess  of  population  there  is  only 
a  choice  of  evils, — throwing  the  people 
upon  the  land,  or  giving  them  money- 
payments, —  the  latter  has  been  prefer- 
red, as  prospective  of  fewer  bad  conse- 
quences than  the  potatoe-system,  and 
cutting  up  estates  into  gardens,  which 
system,  as  we  have  before  observed, 
feeds  population  until  a  country  be- 
comes a  general  abode  of  pauperism 
and  misery.  But  the  inducement 
which  the  burden  of  Poor's  Rates 
creates  in  the  minds  of  the  wealthy, 
to  improve  the  condition  of  the  poor, 
and  the  tendency  of  the  relief  to  sup- 
press insurrection— these  and  other 
motives  have  caused  various  writers  to 
recommend  an  extension  of  the  system 
to  Ireland.  In  deprecation  oi  this 
measure.  Sir  John  Walsh  has  publish- 
ed this  truly  excellent  and  elaborate 
pamphlet,  lie  states  numerous  and 
solid  objections.  Of  these  the  chief 
is,  that  the  people  not  being  maintain- 
ed, as  in  En^^land,  by  wages,  and  not 
having  a  similar  desire  of  ameliorating 
their  conditions.  Poor's  Rates  would 
have  no  other  tendency  than  that  of 
augmenting  the  number  of  paupers,  al- 
ready too  large.  Most  truly  does  Sir 
John  say. 


Then,  moreover,  there  are  naeonsi* 
dcrable  farmersXtc^  employ  them.  A 
tisitor  to  Ireland^ 

(<  Looks  in  vain  for  the  houses  of  the 
better  class  of  farmers  and  yeomen.  The 
nearest  approach  to  them  art  a  few  low 
cottages,  whitewashed,  slated  roofs,  small 
windows,  the  frames  not  painted,  and  the 
glass  broken.  No  where  does  he  see  the 
least  attempt  at  neatness  or  embellishmeot. 
The  land  is  generally  cultivated,  but  in  aa 
unfinished  and  slovenly  manner.  The  fcneeti. 
are  commonly  mere  banks  and  ditchee^ 
without  quick,  a  pole  stuck  across  a  gap. 
serves  for  a  gate.  He  meeta  with  nothmg 
but  rude  cars  drawn  by  one  starved  miserable- 
looking  horse*  and  driven  by  a  loiteriii|^ 
careless  fellow.  He  finds  nnmeroos  footr 
passengers,  many  of  the  men  and  women, 
bare-legged,  some  of  the  children  quite 
naked.  They  seem  all  to  belong  to  the 
same  cUss  ;  a  frieze  great-coat  for  the  meoy 
and  a  blue  cloak  for  the  women^  cover,  for 
the  most  part,  verv  ill-conditioned  and  slat- 
ternly apparel.  He  passes  few  towns,  and 
those  few  consist  of  a  small  nucleus  of  to- 
lerable houses,  surrounded  by  a  filthy  suburb 
of  mere  huts.  If  he  enters  the  cabins  oi 
the  peasantry,  he  finds  that  their  interiot 
fully  corresponds  with  their  external  ap- 
pearance of  wretchedness  and  poverty.  They 
are  dark  and  dirty,  filled  witD  smoke»  and. 
their  furniture  scanty  and  of  the  mdest  de-. 
scription.  He  learns  that  their  chief  food 
consists  of  potatoes*  that  at  many  scasoot 
of  the  year  they  cannot  ptocare  work,  and. 
that  the  wages  of  labour^  which  he  has  been. 
accustomed  to  consider  as  the  sole  resonree^ 
of  the  peasantry,  are  at  all  times  so  low,, 
as  scarceljf  to  maintain  a  fiunily."— p.  fii. 


"  The  Irish  have  encreased  so  fast,  he- 
cause  they  have  not,  as  in  most  other  Eu- 
ropean nations,  depended  upon  the  wages 
of  labour  for  subsistence.  They  have  ex- 
tracted a  cheaper  and  easier  livelihood  from 
the  earth.  Their  multiplication  has  there- 
fore borne  no  sort  of  proportion  to  the  de- 
mand for  labour,  which  regulates  the  in- 
crease of  the  poor  in  the  generality  of  ci- 
vilized states.  Were  the  parishes  bound  to 
provide  work  for  the  unemployed  cottiers, 
they  would  be  utterly  unable  to  devise  any 
for  so  large  a  body  which  would  remunerate 
them.  But  the  wages  of  unproductive  or 
inadequately  productive  labour,  would  differ 
little  in  their  effects  from  pure  donations  or 
pensions  to  the  labourer.  They  would 
equally  tend  to  the  increase  of  the  popula- 
tion and  the  extinction  of  property."— p.  1 05 . 


The  moral  habits  of  the  peasantry 
are  c|uite  different  from  those  of  the 

English. 

"  Give  a  steady  and  frugal  Eagliflb  la- 
bourer 100/.;  and  if  yon  were  to  pay  him  a 
visit  in  a  twelvemonth)  you  would  probably 
find  his  cottage  newly  whitewashody  some 
articles  of  furniture  added  to  his  heosehold 
store :  his  home  would  exhibit  to  yon  in 
some  way,  that  a  considerable  portimi  of 
his  increased  means  had  been  expended  in 
adding  to  his  personal  comforts  and  eonve- 
niences.  With  an  Irbh  cottier  of  similar 
character,  the  result  would  be  quite  dif- 
ferent. The  dung-heap  would  stiU  fume  in 
front  of  the  door,  the  pigs  would  still  grunt 
in  and  out  of  the  kitchen,  the  broken  win- 
dows would  still  be  repaired  with  hay- 
bands  instead  of  glass ;  but  probably  there 
would  be  more  pigs  to  grunt,  he  would 
have  rented  a  small  field  in  addition  to  his 
potatoe-garden,  and  bought  a  cow  to  share 
nis  cares  with  his  pics.  There  would  be 
quite  as  much  dirt,  and  appartot  disoMnforty 
but  more  ease  and  plenty  than  before*   The 


laW).]  RjiTiMW.— Bpu  MaDt*fl  CUrgyman^s  ObUgaiuM 


tnuM  it  obviowtf.  Tfaa  £i^UthiiMuiy  b»- 
Umgiog  to  A  oauBtty  ia  th«  highest  ttat*  of 
civiliutiooy  has  iMtM  mud  mrtifictal  wantt, 
of  which  th«  IrbhoMui  it  totally  aoeon- 
•cioiM."— p.  Si,  93. 

Now  if  there  be  no  taste  for  com* 
fortt  and  Itixuriet,  how  is  it  possible 
that  Ireland  can  become  a  civilized 
Country  ? 

Why  does  not  Ireland  pay  taxes^. 
like  Great  Britain?  Why  is  it  not  a 
thriving  nation?  W^hy,  but  because 
it  is  a  nation  where  the  population  has 
been  thrown  upon  the  land,  to  an  ex- 
tent and  subdivision  which  terminates 
in  pauperism? 

Sir  John  Walsh,  who  has  most  ably 
supported  his  thesis,  takes  for  the  gist 
of  bis  argument,  that  larger  farms  held 
as  in  England,  and  labourers  paid  in 
wagety  if  one  great  process  with  which 
sabstantial  improvement  roust  conv* 
mence.  Conceded.  But  when  the 
fiarms  are  enlarged,  can  they  employ 
the  population  already  accumolated? 
Ortainly  noL  Colonization  appears 
lo  be  a  previous  indispensable  process, 
and  in  default  of  that,  unimpeded  re- 
moval to  England.  Sir  John  Walsh 
contends  (p.  115)  that  such  removal 
offers  no  important  competition  to  our 
agricultural  labourers,  only  to  those  in 
the  great  manafactoring  towns.  He 
says,  that 

*'  With  the  exception  of  tha  waavtft 
of  tho  Borth  of  Irtluid,  who  luMrt  bsea 
reeeived  at  Glasgow,  tba  oompatitioa  chitf- 
ly  takes  pltca  for  the  lowest,  tha  Moai 
laboriovi,  and  tha  wofsl  paid  work.  We 
shall  find  Irish  portars,  paviors,  and  brick- 
layer's laboarers;  bat  wa  shall  aot  fiod 
Irish  carpaot^rs,  slaters,  or  smitht,  or  arti- 
ficers of  aoy  kind.  The  concluaioa  seeass 
to  be,  that  the  really  injorious  competitioa 
is  coafioad  to  the  great  towns,  and  to  the 
laborions  cnployments  requiring  neia  ma- 
nual stienetn.  There  does  not  appear  to 
be  moch  cnanee  of  its  encroaching  beyond 
those  Hmita.  Wban  Iialand  has  mads  pro- 
gress enough  to  teach  these  paopla  handi- 
oraft  trades,  befiies  she  sends  them  forth, 
she  will  have  alsn  bacooM  rich  enoagh  to 
easploy  tham  at  home.'*— pp.  115,  116*. 

Irebnd,  unlike  England,  is  a  bear 
which  has  never  been  taught  to  dance ; 
and  civilization  must  be  the  first  step 
to  its  improvement. 


The  Clergyman  t  OtHgation$  considered:  at 
to  the  CeUbrabm  ^  Disim  ffbrship.  Mi- 
ntntratioH  of  the  Saerameniif  InstruciwH  of 
the  Poor,  Praaekuig^  cad  otter  oficud 
dtuiaf  and  as  to  his  permmal  characUr 


.    «7 

and  eonduUf  hU  oecupatio^,  ammemenitt 
and  inter  course  with  oiherg^  tciik  particular 
rrferenet  to  the  Ordmaiiou  yino.  By  Ri- 
chard Mant,  D.  D,  M.R.LA.  Bishop  tf 
Down  and  Connor,     1 3iiio.   pp,  397. 

IN  regarding  the  Clergy  as  a  body, 
we  find  that  they  support  all  the  liberal 
education  of  this  country,  as  University 
tutors  and  schoolmasters ;  that  they 
are  seated  in  certain  districts,  called 
parishes,  for  the  purpose  of  advocating 
morality,  philanthropy,  and  the  educa-i 
tion  of  the  poor,  and  that  they  exerciso 
a  salutary  controul  in  check  of  vice 
and  ignorance.  In  support  of  these 
arrangements,  we  find  that  they  arb 
supported  by  a  predial  tax  called  tythesy 
wnich  tax  mutt  be  paid  either  tathem<« 
selves  in  the  present  form,  or  if  abo-* 
lishcd,  to  the  landlord  in  that  of  aug-i 
mentcd  rent.  We  find  also,  that  the 
episcopal  ordination  which  confers 
these  privileges,  is  not  extended  to  per* 
tons  who  have  not  adequate  education, 
or  can  be  permanently  enjoyed,  unlcaa 
character  be  supported. 

All  this  appears  to  work  together 
for  cood ;  of  course  is  very  reasonable 
to  aosiract  persons,  to  statesmen  im« 
porunt.  But  nevertheless  there  are,  ia 
this  country,  persons  assimilating  thioae 
who  upon  tne  continent  are  distin^ 
guisheu  by  the  appellation  of  "  lea 
diseurs  des  Patre-notres*'  (the  taytrt  ^ 
Pater^notteri).  We  have  a  decidedly 
bad  opinion  of  those  who  never  say 
their  prayers,  because  we  think  that 
•uch  persons  have  not  sound  principle* 
or  reason,  bat  we  do  not  tnink  thai 
persons  who  do  say  their  prayers  arc 
iherebu  miraculously  qualified  to  dic- 
tate alarminz^innovattons  in  Church 
and  State.  But  such  a  party  does 
exist,  and  in  aid  of  designing  laymen, 
who  have  at  heart  no  other  motive 
than  sedition,  has  far  exceeded  the 
very  humble  limits  of  talents  and 
learning,  which  are  to  be  found  among 
them,  by  proposing  contempt  of  mo- 
rals,* alterations  01  the  Liturgy ,t  and 
expulsion  of  the  arts  and  sciences^l 
except  in  subordination  to  their  own 
particular  faction.  The  only  remain- 
ing step  (as  they  now  recommend 
American  episcopality)  is  to  patronice 
radiodj^  and  Parliamentary  reform. 

*  Sea  oar  Review  of  Warner's  Anti- 
etaagelical  pamphlet,  f  Also  of  *'  Ezaasi- 
nation  of  recent  Works  of  Church  Re- 
form." X  Also  of  the  system  of  the  Rev. 
Lrgh  Richnood. 


938  Revibw. — Bp.  Manila  Ctergyman*t  ObligatUm$  cantidered.  [Blaralit 


Now  we,  who  are  in  the  habits  of 
paying  great  attention  to  history,  do 
not  find  that  the  ''  diseurs  de  P^trc- 
notres*'  ever  benefited  the  country 
which  fostered  them ;  of  course  were 
not  supported  by  Providence. 

On  the  contrary,  we  see  in  their 
works  only  enthusiasm  and  declama- 
tion, some  of  which  have  the  unques- 
tionable tendency  of  inculcating  a 
Gothic  contempt  for  science  and  arts, 
not  only  impolitic,  but  in  final  result 
ruinous  to  the  natural  well-being,  and 
the  progress  of  reason  and  civilization. 

It  is  consoling  however  to  know, 
that  these  mere  "  diseurs  de  Patre- 
notres'*  have  not  yet  attained  to  the 
highest  ranks  of  the  hierarchy;  but 
that  these  are  filled  b^  men  of  discre- 
tion, and  (although  it  has  been  said 
that  there  is  no  more  connection  in 
the  Church,  between  merit  and  re- 
ward, than  between  beauty  and  strength) 
occasionally  by  men  of  hish  merit; 
and  such  a  person  is  the  Right  Re« 
verend  author  of  the  book  before  as. 

This  book  contains  many  judicious 
remarks  concerning  the  pr0|jer  dis- 
charge of  various  ecclesiastical  func- 
tions, and  other  most  important  mat- 
ters connected  with  the  conduct  of 
Clergymen.  Occasional  notices  are 
taken  of  some  popular  notions  of  the 
day,  from  one  of  which  notices  (^Rc' 
ligiout  Books)  we  shall  make  an  ex- 
tract. 

'*  There  are  personi,  whose  opinion  it 
appe«n  to  be,  that  no  other  proceeding  is 
requisite  in  order  to  the  propegation  of  tho 
Christian  faith  among  those  who  are  pre- 
viously unacquainted  with  it  alto;;ether,  or 
who  know  it  only  in  a  debased  and  corrupt- 
ed form,  than  a  boundless  circulation  of  the 
holy  Scriptures.    But  so  far  as  I  find,  from 
the  word  of  God  itself,  that  sacred  book 
was  never  used  by  divine  appointment;  so 
far  as  I  find,  it  was  not  intended  to  be  used, 
to  the  exclusion  of  ministerial  instruction. 
And  indeed,  when  I  reflect  upon  a  variety  of 
circumstances  belonging  to  those  invaluable 
writings ;  when  for  instance  I  reflect  upon 
tlie  different  ages,  characters,  situations, 
and  numerous  peculiarities  of  their  respec- 
tive auUiors ;  on  the  conditions  of  the  se- 
veral persons  to  whom  they  were  originally 
addressed,   or  for  whom  they  were  more 
immediately  written ;  the  remote  and  vary- 
ing periods  of  their  composition ;  ffjm  lan- 
guages In  which  they  were  composes i  the 
many  natural   phenomena,    the    manners, 
and  the  civil  and  religious  institutions  of  the 
countries  to  which  they  relate;  the  occa- 
sions which  severally  called  for  them ;  the 
nature  of  their  subjects ;  the  modes  of  their 


execution ;  in  a  word,  all  the  noBwrooa  and 
diversified  particulars  which  Mrait  be  fSiBi- 
liar  to  the  minds  of  those  who  are  boopd  bj 
their  professional  eaeagement  to  be  *  dilt 
gent  in  reading  the  Holv  Scriptaret,  and  m 
such  studies  as  help  to  toe  koowlei^o  of  the 
same  ;*  when  1  reflect  jopon  tliese  thin^,  I 
cannot  but  see  great  reason  to  be  persuaded 
that  the  Bible  must  abound  in  difficaltMff 
which,  as  they  are  calculated  to  be  an  im- 
pediment in  the  way  of  aa  anleemed  readerj 
so  give  occasion  tor  a  Clergymaa  to  ba 
diligent  in  applying  all  the  nseans  that  ha 
can  furnish,  in  order  to  tbeir  eaphoatioa 
and  removal.  To  the  qoettion  of  Philip 
concerning  a  particular  passage  in  tba  bply 
volume,  *  Understandest  tlioa  what  thoa 
readest?'  the  answer  of  the  Ethiopian  eonnch 
may  be  returned  with  refinance  to  a  laiga 
portion  of  its  contents,  *  How  eaa  l,  eaoapC 
some  man  sliould  guide  nie*."    Pp.  71-74. 

We  have  always  thought  thai  direc- 
tion-posts are  of  no  use  to  peraona  who: 
cannot  read ;  but  sudden  conveniooa 
are  now  usual,  and  the  nature  of  thiog^ 
may  be  altered.  There  were  once,  at 
least,  conscientious  persona,  who  sup- 
posed that,  if  books  were  given  lo 
those  who  could  not  possibly  under* 
stand  them,  error  was  the  sure  oonae- 

?|uencc ;  and  that  they  were  prohibited 
rom  promoting  such  error  by  a  cer- 
tain text  (2  Pet.  iii.  l6),  which  aaja,. 
that  "  unlearned  and  unstable  people 
wrest  the  Scriptures  luito  their  own: 
destruction."  This  many  gel  over  ■  in 
a  most  simple  and  ingenious  manner*, 
viz.  by  reading  advamiag€  instead  of 
destruction* 

The  Bishop  says  nothing  of  partiea 
in  the  Churcn,  which  brings  dnorder 
intoreli2ion,andaredoinginaeseribable 
mischief.  The  days  actually  exist, 
when  (as  before  shown)  the  prcflomp* 
tion  of  obscure  Clergymen  is  so  great, 
that  they  take  upon  themselves  to  scout 
learning,  depreciate  morality,  and 
Americanize  episcopacy  and  the  li* 
turay.  Those  who  read  history  and 
philosophy,  account  such  projects  dan- 
gerous to  the  Constitution  and  the 
public  good ;  and  such  persona  lo  be 
unintentional  dupes,  geese  flattered  bj- 
fozes.  The  Bishops  should  not  perse- 
cute ;  but  they  can,  as  a  body,  circnlate 
a  reasonable  declaration,  wnich  would 
controul  such  officious  and  licentiooa 
daring. 


Practical  Disemirsa :  a  Seleetim  fnm  ike 
unpunished  Mamtscripts  ^  ike  lette  nr- 
neratle  Tkomms  Tbimfois,  D.  IK  Arek' 
deacon  ofRickmond  f  one  of  Ike  tketen  ef 


1890.1 


RiTiiv.^-Townson's  Dueokrses, 


9S9 


M^lpoft  Ckttkkt ;  mtd  mmeiimt  FtUow 
of  Si,  Mary  MttgdaUm  CoUtge,  Oxford; 
wiih  m  bkgrmpkkal  memoir,  by  Arch' 
deacon  Chartoo.  Edited  bjf  Joho  [Jebb» 
D.D.J  Bishop  rf' Limerick,  8m,  pp.  400. 

DR.  TOWNSON,  born  in  1714, 
u'an  son  of  the  Rev.  John  Townson, 
I^J.A.  Rector  of  Much  \jee%  in  Essex  ; 
and  successively  educated  under  his 
faiher,  and  the  Rev.  Henry  Nott,  Vi- 
car of  Terliog,  latterly  at  the  Free- 
school  at  Felstcd.  In  1733  he  was  en- 
tered a  Commouer  of  Christ  Churchy 
Oiford,  and  in  1735  elected  a  demy  of 
Magdalen,  of  which  society,  two  years 
afterwards,  he  became  a  Fellow.  Im- 
mediately After  his  ordination  as  a 
Priest  in  1742,  be  travelled  through 
France  and  Italv  with  Mr.  Dawk  ins, 
in  company  with  Mr.  Drake  and  Mr. 
Holdswortn,  the  famous  author  of  the 
Muscipula,  And  enthusiastic  worship- 
per of  Virgil.  Upon  his  return  from 
the  Cooiinent,  he  was  in  1746  insti- 
tuted to  the  Vicarage  of  Hatfield  Pe- 
vcrel,  in  Essex ;  am  in  1749  chosen 
senior  Proctor.  At  that  time  he  and 
Mr.  [afterwards  Bishop]  Lowth  were 
looked  up  to  as  the  two  first  scholars 
in  the  university;  and  a  design  was 
entertained  of  bringjing  Mr.  Townson 
forward  at  a  competitor  for  the  Profes- 
sorship of  Poetry.  This  competition 
he  would  not  suffer.  In  1749  he  re- 
signed Hatfield,  and  was  presented  to 
Blithficld  in  Staffordshire,  by  Sir  Wal- 
ter Wagstaffe,  BarL,  and  in  the  same 
year  by  Mr.  Drake,  to  the  lower  me- 
diety  of  Malpas  in  Cheshire.  In  1751 
he  was  instituted  to  the  latter,  and  re- 
signed his  Fellowship.  In  1758  he 
had  some  accession  of  fortune,  and  in 
1759  resigned  Blithfield,  in  favour  of 
the  Rev.  Walter  Bagnt,  soo  of  hit 
friend  and  patron.  Mal|>as  then  lie- 
came  his  constant  residence,  and  he 
passed  his  time  in  the  two  useful  oc- 
cupations of  an  exemplary  narish  Priest, 
and  theological  writer.  In  1779  the 
University  of  Oxford  conferred  upon 
him  the  decree  of  D.  D.  by  diploma, 
and  in  1783  Lord  North  offered  him 
the  Regius  Professorship  of  Divinity. 
In  1790  he  was  attacked  with  a  pain- 
ful disease,  which  was  the  fint  symptom 
of  approaching  dissolution ;  and  by  a 
singular  coincidence,  a  Sermon  on 
Prov.  xxvii.  1,  '*  Boast  not  thyself  of 
tomorrow,"  flrc.  wat  the  first  that  he 
preached  in  Malpat  Church ;  and  an- 
other on  the  same  text  happened  to  be 


his  last.  On  April  15,  1792,  he  died. 
Having  been  disappointed  in  ao  attach- 
ment, he  never  married. 

Professional  character  was  far  more 
distinctly  marked  in  the  clergy  of  those 
day*,  than  it  is  now.  They  were,  with 
only  a  rare  exception,  of  the  same  age, 
as  like  one  another  as  docks.  Their 
dress,  furniture,  equipages,  and  modes 
of  living,  were  professional ;  and  the 
*'  trop  du  monde  pour  un  ministre**  wat 
studiously  shunned.  A  pipe,  a  news- 
pa|>er,  a  rubber,  and  oackgammoo, 
were  their  harmless  amusements ;  and, 
if  they  did  not  blaze  away  in  the  pul- 
pit, they  look  great  paint  to  patronize 
and  recommena  the  good  among  their 
parishioners,  and  reform  and  discou- 
rage the  bad.  Their  conversation  wat 
guarded,  inoffensive,  and  intermixed 
with  harmlest  anecdote.  In  literature 
they  had  a  clauical  taste  i  and  their 
composition  was  soundly  logical.  Par- 
son and  parishioners  went  on  in  a 
quiet  way ;  the  Church  was  not  neg- 
lected, and  morality  had  a  preponderat- 
ing estimation.  Whether  it  was  ne- 
cessary, with  regard  to  villages  in  par- 
ticular, for  Wesley  and  his  unphiloso- 
phical  friends  to  disturb  this  state  of 
things,  we  leave  to  be  determined  by 
these  facts,  viz.  that  places  of  worship 
have  been  most  unnecessarily  multi- 
plied, the  people  distracted  more  and 
more  with  feuds,  enthusiasm  tubtti- 
tuted  for  principle,  crime  increased, 
and  nearly  all  the  scholars  in  the  realm 
held  up  to  popular  disregard ;  all  to 
produce  a  population  of  devotees;  a 
measure  which  the  clearest  assurance 
of  history  shows  wat  never  attended 
with  any  other  result  than  civil  and 
political  evil. 

It  was  the  custom  in  the  days  of 
Dr.  Townson,  to  take  all  the  passages 
in  the  Bible  which  lx>re  upon  a  parti- 
cular subject,  collate  and  explain  tnem, 
and  then  draw  a  moral  inference  en- 
forcing the  whole.  It  was  a  certain 
method  of  well  grounding  instruction, 
and  in  the  sermons  of  these  old  divinet 
we  are  sure  to  find  sound  doctrine  and 
sound  logic.  What  is  called  oratory 
by  intermixture  of  imagination  and 
poetical  figure,  was  studiously  thun- 
ned  {  ibtpbey  did  not  write  or  preach 
to  acqiiii^ilerary  reputation  or  popu- 
larity.  We  most  therefore  judge  of 
Dr.Townton*s  Sermont  by  the  divi- 
nity and  reason  which  they  display, 
and    herein   they  excel.      We  shall 


940 


RfiviBW. — Annual  ObitiiOty. 


DMiuA, 


take  an   extract  from  a  sernAon,  m 

-  which  the  doctrine  of  a  particular  pro- 
vidence is  most  ingeniously  illustrated. 
When  Ahab  seized  Naboth's  vine- 
yard, the  prophet  Elijah  declared  that 

'dogs  should  lick  his  blood  also  in  the 
same  vineyard.  Ahab,  •'  bearing  this 
prophecy  in  mind,*'  thought,  when 
IVlicaiah  said  that  he  should  fall  al 
Uamoth  Gilead,  that  he  could  noi  fall 

-at  such  a  distance  off  as  Ramoth,  and 
ivas  sanguine,  as  to  personal  safety,  so 
far  as  regarded   that  expedition;  but 

•nevertheless  the  event  happened  as  was 
foretold.    Thus    Dr.  Townson,   who 

'proceeds  to  say, 

"  There  is  another  evidence  of  this  di- 
recting Providence  in  the  manner  of  Ahab'i 
death,  to  whom  Micaifth  had  foretold,  that 
if  he  went  to  Ramoth  he  would  not  come 
back  aKve.    The  King  of  Sjrria,  with  whom 
he  had  been  to  frequently  at  war,  seems  to 
have    entertained    a    particular     animosity 
■gainst  him,  tmd  therefore  gave  command 
to  hit  chief  oaptalna  to  fight  neither  with 
.small  nor  great,  save  only  with  the  King  of 
.Israel,  and  to  make  their  whole  attack  upon 
,his  person.   Aliab,  apprehensive  of  such  a 
design,  went  into  the  battle  so  far  disguised, 
as  not  to  be  distinguished  from  the  rest  of 
his  captains.     And,  therefore,  the  Syrians, 
mistaking  King  Jehosaphat,  the  commander 
in  ciiief,  bent  all  their  force  against  him ; 
but  perceivinr  their  mistake,  desisted  and 
retired  from  him.    Where  to  find  out  the 
King  of  Israel,  and  to  fight  with  him  only  as 
(hey  had  been  commanded,  they  knew  not. 
In  this  perplexity,  one  of  them  drew  a  bow, 
with  no  particular  aim  or  design,  but  that 
bis  arrow  might  annoy  some  one  or  other 
of  the  enemy's  army.     Who  then  guided 
the  arm  of  this  Syrian,  and  directed  his  ar- 
row, sent  at  a  venture  so  successfully  and 
surely  to  the  King  of  Israel,  that  it  found 
its  wav  through  the  joints  of  his  armour 
into  his  body  ?     Was  it  not  the  great  Dis- 
poser of  all  events,    who  had  forewarned 
him  by  his  prophets,  that  if  he  went  to  Ra- 
moth, he  should  perish  there.     Vain,  there- 
fore, were  his  shifts  of  caution  and  disguise." 
pp.  96,  97. 

The  Annual  Biography  and  OhUuary  :  1 830. 
Fol,  XIV.  8ix>.  /)/>.  4G6.  Longman  and 
Co. 

WE  have  unintentionally  delayed 
our  notice  of  this  volume,  which  is 
one  of  the  most  interesting  and  best 
that  the  series  has  produced.  In 
the  first  place  we  acknowledge  with 
approbation  the  attention  paid  to  our 
suggestions  regarding  the  titles  of  the 
work  and  its  divisfons,  in  which  the 
inconsistencies  that  wc  pointed  out  in 


our  retiew  of  the'  last  yekr't  Tolaoie 
have  been  corrected  or  modified.*     * 

We  have  said  that  this  volom^  is 
particularly  interesting,  —  a  circbm- 
stance  primarily  under  the  control  of 
no  other  person  than  a  certain  allego- 
rical tyrant,  whose  scythe,  althou^ 
so  certain  and  universal  in  its  sweep- 
ing harvest  of  the  ordinary  ''grass -of 
the  field,"  i»  undoubtedly  capricious  in 
the  extent  of  its  ravages  upon  the  moite 
brilliant  flowers  of  the  numan  raoe. 
•In  the  last  year,  within  a  few  •short 
months,  it  cut  down  in  the  garden  of 
Science  its  three  pre-eminent  glories, 
Davy,  Wollaston,  and  Youne. 

It  is  the  province  of  the  biographer 
to  cull  those  flowers  ere  yet  their  tne- 
•morials  have  withered,  and  to  preserve 
the  remembrance  of  that-  excellenee 
which  might  otherwise  be  forgotten, 
from  the  cause  assigned  by  Horace, 
eATod  quia  vale  $aero. 
This  task  is  one  in  which  oar  own 
Miscellany  endeavoars  to  be  the  nfosfc 
active  labourer :  and  (as  far  as  we  can 
with  modesty  praise  a  stream  in  ao 
great  a  degree  derived  from  our  own 
fountain)  we  may  pronottdce  the  An- 
nual Obituary  to  be  a  valoable  eoitipl*> 
lation.     Were  we  to  intestigafe  the 
vriginality  of  the  present  votaine,  aa 
we  took  some  pains  to  do  with   the 
last,  we  think  we  shoald  probably  ar- 
rive at  nearly  the  same  rcsalt,"— that 
the  original  matter  is  comprised  in  a 
small  proportion, .and  that  the  irambef 
of  articles  is  less  than  that  contained 
in  the  Gentleman's  Magaaine  4br  the 
same  period.     Nor  on  the  great  maio* 
riiy  of  the  articles  have  any  firesh  in* 
quiries  been  made;  they  are  transferred 
to  the  Annual  Obituary  as  they  ap- 
peared in  the  Gentleman's  Magaaine 
(we  name  our  work  first  as  being  by 
fur  the  principal  source),  or  the  other 
previous  publicatioAs.    Still  the  dit4 
|)osiuon  of  the  contents  is  sufficient  to 
show  that  the  editorship  is  entrtistad 
to  a  man  of  good  discrimination,  cor- 
rect taste,  and  sound  principle;  and 
his  compilation  is  a  good  one,  as  htm 
it  extends. 

The  features  of  the  Tolome,  which 
strike  our  attention  as  roost  oriffinal, 
are  the  memoirs  of  Sir  Edward  West^ 
Chief  Justice  at  Bombay,  and  author 
of  several  works  on  political  economy; 
and  of  William  Stevenson,  esq.  Keeper 
of  the  Records  in  the  IVeasurT*  and  a 
writer  on  statistics,  &c— both '  «•!■• 
able  articles,  and  the  former  a  long  one. 


I89a] 


KmyiHW^^AMwil  ObUnartf, 


til 


From  the  ariirle  on  Mr.  Bnron  HuU 
lock,  ''compiled  from  4h«  Lam*,  Gru- 
tleman*!,  and  Monilily  Magazines,** 
we  will  makf  ibe  foliowing  extracts  a% 
an  adilitioii  to  what  ap|>eare(l  in  our 
number  for  Se|)tenil>rr,  p.  275  : 

**  In  early  Ufe  Mr.  Hullock  entered  at 
Oray*t  loo,  and  wwm  in  d«ie  time  called  to 
the  Ber  ;  et  which  he  prsctited  up«ftrd«  of 
twenty  Teen,  with  the  rvptttatioa  of  beio^ 
one  of  the  •ouodesi  Uwyert  in  Wettmioeter 
Hall.  In  his  more  )euthful  profeMtonal 
•tudiee*  he  derived  cooai<l«>rable  advantage 
from  the  friendship  of  Mr.  Lee,*  a  barrister 
of  soma  note  in  his  day,  who  was  very  much 
struck  with  h'ls  intelli^oce  aad  a|)|ilivatiun. 
Mr.  Hullock  does  not  appear,  however,  to 
have  had  much  practice,  until  afl«r  the 
publication  of  his  wurk  on  tlie  Law  of  Costs 
in  1799.  Tliis  brought  him  into  notice  : 
and  he  rose  by  degrees  to  fill  the  second 
place  (nevt  to  the  present  Attorney -gene- 
ral, S»r  James  Scarlett,)  amongst  the  c«>un- 
sel  on  the  Northern  Circuit.  We  d«»  not 
Ceel  competeat  to  enlarge  on  lus  peculiar 
BMfits  as  an  advocate  i  we  only  know  that  it 
was  his  practice  to  graap  firmly  the  stroog 
points  ot  an  argument,  and  rest  liia  case  up- 
on tliem  I  instead  of  frittering  away  liis 
strength,  and  weakening  tlie  impression,  by 
an  over  anxiety  to  anticipate  evriy  thing. 
Of  the  manliness  of  his  cliaracter  the  fol- 
lowing anecdote  affords  an  undeniable  proof: 

**  In  a  cause  which  he  led,  lie  was  parti- 
cularly instructed  not  to  pri>duce  a  certain 
deed  unless  it  should  be  absolutely  neces- 
sary. Notwithstanding  this  injonctioo,  he 
produced  it  before  it  was  necessary,  with  the 
view  of  deciding  the  business  at  onee.  On  ea- 
aminntion,  it  proved  to  have  been  forged  by 
his  client's  attorney,  who  was  seated  behind 
him  at  the  tiasa,  and  who  had  warmly  re- 
BKwstrated  against  the  eourse  which  he  had 
pursued.  Mr,  Justice  Bayiey,  who  was  try- 
mg  the  causa,  ordered  the  derd  to  be  im- 
pounded, that  it  might  be  asade  the  subject 
of  a  proeeeotion.  Btfore  this  could  be 
done,  nowever,  Mr.  Hullock  re<)oasted  leave 
to  iospeei  it  i  aad  on  its  being  handed  to 
him,  immediately  returned  it  to  his  hag. 
The  Judge  remonstrated ;  hut  in  vain.  *  No 
power  on  earth,'  Mr.  Hullock  replied, 
*  shauld  indoee  him  to  surrender  it  i  he  had 
incautiously  put  the  life  of  a  fellow- creature 
in  peril »  and,  though  he  liad  acted  lo  the 
best  of  his  discretion,  he  should  never  be 

*  Familiarly  kaown  as  Jack  Lee ;  the 
gentleman,  we  believe,  of  whom  Wilkes  ob- 
served, lliat  no  man  was  so  «ell  attended  to 
at  the  bar  i>f  tlie  HuuftC  of  Commons ;  the 
reason  of  which  »at,  tliat  he  was  continually 
abiuiog  them.  Mr.  I^e*i  country  house 
was  at  Staindrop,  Durham. 

GtsT,  Maq.  March,  18.30. 


7 


liappv  again  wrere  a  firtal  raanlt  to  eatiit/ 
Mr.  Justice  Bavley,  not  eorry,  narfupt,  to 
have  an  excuse  fur  assisting  the  oesi^,  aiNH 
tinned  to  insut  on  tlie  delivery  of  toe  dead, 
hut  declined  taking  decisive  measures  unUl 
he  had  consulted  with  the  associate  Judge. 
The  consulutioa  came  too  lata;  Ibr  wa 
deed  was  destroyed  without  delay,  aad  the 
attorney  esca|ied. 

**In  the  year  1816,  Mr.  HuUack  was 

Eomoted  to  the  rank  of  Serjeant  at  Law. 
uring  the  few  years  tliat  he  remained  See* 
jeant  be  was  engaged  in  several  importani 
causes.  Among  others,  he  was  rataiaed  by 
Government  to  auist  in  conducting  soma 
momentous  proceedings  arising  aut  of  the 
disturbed  state  of  the  aorth.  He  alto  pre- 
sided, with  great  ability,  on  the  coromissAon 
o(  lunacy  respecting  the  Earl  of  Ports- 
motitlu*' 

To  thcic  particulars  we  may  add 
from  a  new^|>u|>cr : 

**  The  will  of  the  late  Mr.  Baron  Hellack 
was  proved  by  Dame  Mary  Hullock,  raliai 
uf  toe  deeesMd,  on  the  6th  of  Jan.  last. 
The  property  in  the  provinaa  of  CaataiiMtfy 
was  swurn  to  be  under  6,000/.  The  deceased 
has  left  all  his  proper^  to  hit  widow,  taoiiil 
SOOZ.  which  he  has  left  to  hie  «lark>  Mr.  W. 
Calvert,  as  a  mark  of  hie  ttmn  of  hie  long 
aad  faithful  services,  which  wtm  is  lo  m 
paid  at  the  expiration  of  tightaaa  ■ontbs, 
and  too  guiueas  to  his  friend  aad  brother- 
in-Uw,  Mr.  W.  MarUa." 

Of  the  memoir  of  the  late  Willitm- 
Thomas  FiisGerald,  Esq.  *'  nearly  the 
whole  has  l>een  derived  from  the  Gco» 
tiemaii's  Magatinc ;  with  a  few  (acta 
from  a  private  source.'*  Aiiioog  these 
is  that  his  father**  name  was  Joba 
Ansiruiher  (not  Austen)  FitxGerild; 
and  thai  he  was  the  represeotatire  as 
well  as  descendant  of  tlie  great  Eail  of 
l>esmond,  attainted  in  I58f.  This  we 
have  also  heard  confidently  a<aerted  in 
other  quarters;  and  to  the  sketch  of 
Mr.  FiizGerald's  character  is  added  the 
following  paragraph,  the  latter  part  of 
which,  it  will  be  perceived,  refers  to 
the  same  circomsiance,  and  will  raise 
a  smile  with  roost  readers : 

"  His  punctuality  aad  delieacy  ia  ptee- 
niary  transactions,  were  canitd  to  each  aa 
extent,  that  he  would  never  wear  any  clothes 
which  had  beea  sent  home  for  him  by  his 
uilor.  until  he  had  paid  the  bill.  So  aict, 
indeed,  was  bis  seaee  of  honour,  that  soaM 
ears  ago,  oa  the  death  of  a  near  lalatkai, 
e  liquidated  her  debts,  to  the  aartoat  of 
several  thousands  of  pounds,  althoogh  ia  aa 
way  legally  liable  for  them.  Ha  was  nfoad 
of  his  desceat.  Heiag  one  day  asked  by  a 
gentleman  if  he  did  not  baloog  to  tlie  Daka 


I 


Rbview. — SliAw's  Chaptl  at  Luton  Park,  ^Marcbj 


94^ 

of  Leinttor's  fiunily,  bit  answer  wm, — ><  No» 
Sir»  th«  Duke  of  Leinster  belongs  to  my 
fiunily."' 

The    memoir   of   ^Ir.   Wadd,   the 

surgeon,  in  our  December  Magazine, 

was  not,  it  appears,  published  in  lime 

to  amend  the  article  given  in  p.  466 ; 

where  we  find  it  stated   that   *'  Mr. 

Wadd's  family  had   been    settled    for 

many  generations  at    Hampstead,   in 

the  vicinity  of  the  metropolis  ;  and  its 

most  distinguished    member   was   Sir 

William  Wadd,  Governor  of  the  Tower 

in  the  time  of  James  I.  during  the 

Gunpowder    Plot."     This    statement 

first  appeared  in  the  Literary  Gazette, 

and  was  thence  copied  elsewhere.     It 

is  totally  incorrect ;  the  name  of  the 

Lieutenant  of  the  Tower  was  Waad, 

in    modern   orthography    Wade,    not 

Wadd  ;  his  family  was  therefore  quite 

a  distinct  one ;  and  it  may  be  added, 

ihftt   the   senerations  of    the   Waads 

settled  at  nampstead,  were  but  two. 

Sir  William  ana  his  father. 

^  that  they  were  erected  ai  the  cost  of  a 

The  History  and  Antiquities  qf  the  Chapel  at  rich  Gild  or  Fraternity  of  "  the  Holy 
LuUm  Park,  a  Seat  of  the  Marquess  qf  and  undivided  Trinity,  And  the  muet 
Bute.    By  H.  Shaw.    Part  IT.  Jbrmittg     blessed   Virgin    Mary,*'    who    had 


built  expressly  for  the  purpose  by  Mr. 
R.  Smirke,  who  has  also  the  merit  uf 
suggesting  the  present  work  to  Mr. 
Shaw. 

To  Dr.  Ingram,  the  learned  President 
of  Trinity  College,  Oxford,  the  public 
are  indebted  for  the  accompanying 
history  of  the  chapel.  The  late  able 
anliqiiarv,  Mr.  Gough,  in  his  notes  on 
Luton  Park,  in  the  "  Bibliotheca  To- 
pographica  Britannica,'*  has  preserved 
a  tradition  that  these  l>eautirul  carving 
were  first  put  up  at  Tiitenhanger,  in 
Hertfordshire,  by  Sir  Thomas  Pofie, 
and  removed  thence  by  Sir  Robiert 
Napier  in  lG74,  when  Sir  Robeit  built 
a  chapel  at  his  seat  at  Luton,  the  ori- 
ginal deed  of  consecration  of  which 
chapel  has  been  contributed  to  this 
work  by  the  Marquess  of  Bute.  This 
tradition  has  been  hitherto  adopted  by 
subsequent  writers;  but  the  learn- 
ed President  of  Trinity  is  of  0))inion» 
that  the  carvings  came  from  the  neigh- 
bouring parish  church  of  Luton ;  and 


in  all  Twenty  Plates.    Atlas  Folio,    Car- 
penter and  Son. 

WE  are  much  pleased  lo'sce  that 
Mr.  Shaw  has  completed  his  elaborate 
work,  on  which  he  has  evidently  be- 
stowed much  patience  and  industry, 
and  the  result  is  a  beautiful  illustration 
of  a  chapel,  a  most  excellent  example 
of  the  latest  and  most  florid  |)eriod  of 
Gothic  architecture ;  *'  displaying  in 
th&  forms  of  some  of  its  arches  and 
mouldings  a  mixture  of  the  Uoaian, 
which  was  then  coming  into  fashion, 
and  which  afterwards  degenerated  into 
the  grotesque  siyle   prevalent  during 


chapel  in  Luton  Church.  The  Re- 
gister of  this  Gild,  iu  the  postenion  of 
the  Marquess  of  Bute,  hat  been  contolt- 
ed,  from  which  it  appears  to  have  been 
one  of  the  wealthiest  in  the  kingdom. 

**  It  exhibits  an  annual  catalogue  of  die 
masters,  wardens,  brethren  and  sieierSfl 
bachelors  and  maidens,  in  richly  illuminated 
calligraphy,  with  the  names  of  the  kings 
and  queens  of  £ngland,  bishope,  abbotSy 
prtors,  and  other  persons  of  consequence, 
who  were  inroUed  amongst  its  memlierst  or 
noticed  as  founders,  patrons,  and  benefiusiora. 
The  period  which  it  embraoee  (1476  to 
as  well  as  the  general  chaneter  of 


enjoyed,  there  is  every  reason  to  infer,  that 
it  was  capable  of  producing  whatever  was 
magnificent  in  design,  or  elaborate  in  •seeo- 


.u«  .' :  ^.    'r  171'  '  I    .u        IT  T  »'      ^h^  ornaments,  exactly  fiarmoaiiet  with  the 

the  reigns  of  LIuabeth  imd  James  L"       ,t)leof  emWlishmentobswvaUein  theLu- 

From  the  great  variety  and  bcauiy  of  j„„  chapel  5  and  from  the  opnlenoe  of  thb 
Its  enrichments,  and  the  very  able  man-  Society,  as  well  as  Uie  patronage  which  it 
ner  in  which  us  beauties  are  displayed         •      -     ■       -  ... 

by  Mr.  Shaw,  this  chapel  is  well  cal- 
culated to  form  an  excellent  example 
to  modern  architects,  whose  attention, 
we  rejoice  to  say,  is  likely  to  be  more 
and  more  called  to  Gothic  architecture, 
in  the  erection  of  new  churches. 

The  work  is  most  appropriately  de- 
dicated to  the  Marquess  of  Bute  (with 
his  arms  elegantly  displayed  by  Mr. 
Willemeni),  who,  in  the  extensive  al- 
terations at  Luton  Park,  has  preserved 
these  inimitable  carvings  with  the 
most  anxious  cnre,  having  caused 
them  to  be  placed  in  a  new  chapel 


tion." 

This  fraternity  was  dissolved  by 
statute  1  Edw.  VL  and  the  next  year 
its  possessions  were  granted  to  Ran- 
dolph Bursh  and  Robert  Beverle.  l*hia 
book  contains  many  curious  particulart 
concerning  the  value  of  lands,  the 
price  of  provisions,  &c.  The  accounta 
of  their  anniversary  or  yearly  feasts 
show  the  magnificence  of  mi ranccstort 
in  their  entertainments.  This  curtoiM 
manuscript  was    purchoKd   Aug.   3, 


1830.1 


Hiviiw.— Poulson*8  HUioTjf  of  Btverlef, 


U$ 


I77B,  of  Mettfi.  Leiirh  and  Soiliebj» 
at  I  he  auction  of  Mr.  Hingnton,  booK* 
•tfller,  by  Mr.  Janiet  Matthews,  who 
disposed  of  it  to  Dr.  Ducarel,  by  whom 
it  was  presented,  Dec.  13,  I779f  to 
Thomas  Asile,  K%q.  who  presented  it 
to  the  first  Earl  of  Bute.  We  respect- 
fully su^icest  to  its  present  munificent 
owner,  that  the  publication  of  this 
MS.  would  coniribole  to  the  gratifica- 
tion of  the  loTcrs  of  the  manneti  and 
customs  of  the  olden  timet. 

We  think  the  conjecture  of  Dr. 
Ingram,  above stJtetl,  as  to  the  original 
destination  of  theve  carviti^^,  a  very 
happy  one;  and  are  of  opmion  that 
the  public  are  much  indebted  to  Mr. 
Sh.iw,  and  to  all  who  have  assisted 
him  in  hit  arduous  undertaking. 

Beverlae ;  w  the  Antviuitin  and  History  tf 
the  Totcn  of  Beverley  ^  m  the  County  of 
Yo9  k ;  mnd  of  the  Provostry  and  Collegiate 
Kstalluhmenl  tf  St.  John*s ;  trith  a  mu 
nute  deweriptum  of  the  preaeni  Minster 
end  the  Church  of  St,  Miary^  ami  other 
ancient  ami  modem  Edijices,  Compiled 
Jrmn  authentic  Recnrds,  Charters^  and 
HmpuUiAed  Mamaeripls,  urith  numerous 
EmteUishmmts.  By  Oaorge  Poulsoo» 
£j7.  late  of  the  Universiiy  of  Oxford, 
4  to,  pp,  91H.    Plates,     Longman  and  Cu, 

NO  man  can  estimate  the  possible 
jd%antaget  which  the  commutiiiy  htis 
derj%ed  from  Topography.  The  ^id 
which  ii  lias  given  to  the  amor  |>a* 
iriae,  to  the  preservation  of  fine  edifict  s, 
the  picturesque  improvement  of  the 
country,  the  developemcnt  of  its  re- 
sourcr^i,  the  felicity  of  rural  residence^ 
the  vrflue  of  estates,  and  contioffeot 
benefiu  beyond  enumeration,  is  evicKnt. 
As  long  as  feeling  and  affection  in- 
fluence action,  so  long  will  topography 
have  important  oonseqnenccs.  Every 
man  loves  his  native  or  favourite  place; 
and  if  a  miattesa  be  adored,  her  portrait 
is  desired,  and  even  a  portrait  may  in- 
vite lovers ;  and,  as  persoot  so  place 
may  from  description  derive  improve- 
ment and  occupancy}  and  wealth  and 
happiness^  like  the  waters  of  a  drained 
marsh,  thus  spread  a  fertilising  in- 
fluence over  a  neglected  waste. 

Beverley  is  a  town  which  owes  its 
eiuinence  to  an  Anglo-Saxon  Saint, 
and  an  exquisite  church,  that  forms 
a  reuvarkable  assimilation  to  West- 
minster Abbey,  aiKi  from  the  western 
lowers  of  which  Sir  Christopher  Wrea 
ought  to  have  taken  his  patterOy  in- 
stead of  substituting  those  of  hb  own 


mongrel  and  iineh-a^ie  style.  But,  as 
Capability  Brown  said  that,  had  ht 
created  the  world,  he  would  have  mftde 
it  better!  to  do  men  of  high  talent 
overweeningly  estimate  their  powers. 

Camden  has  pUced  Peiumrim  at 
Beverley,  and  the  first  chapter  is  de» 
voted  to  the  British  and  Roman  period. 
The  indidu  of  the  former  people  aru 
distinctly  seen  in  Deig«miia  ( Milling- 
tun),  an  evident  British  fortress^  ante- 
cedent to  the  Roman  occupation,  and 
a  %-ery  considerable  metropolitan  oim 
intended  fur  a  numerous  population, 
the  foriificatiuns  iuclotinif;  an  area  of 
4186  acres,  a  space  too  large  for  de» 
fence  by  an  invading  army.  It  has 
not,  too,  the  forms  of  Roman  castra- 
nieuiion.  Besides  this  station,  there 
are  near  Beverley  Celtic  barrows,  out 
of  which  have  been  excavated  British 
urns,  a  very  fine  specimen  being  cn- 
giaved  in  p.  474.  Some  of  tb«e  bar* 
rows  merely  contained  skeletons,  with- 
out any  signs  of  cremation,  and  thest 
of  course  were  earlier  than  the  others. 
This  circumstance  shows  that  the  oc- 
cupancy of  the  spot  a«ljacent,  by  the 
Britons,  was  of  ancient  and  loogatiud- 
ing.  In  the  vicinity  was  a  manufiM- 
tory  of  cells  and  arms,  thus  described : 

**  In  th«  mora  immediate  aeighhoaAood 
of  Beverley,  nu  the  downs  wast  of  KlrkallBt 
ara  teveral  eireuUr  pita  or  holes,  and  olhar 
•troof;  intlicatums  of  the  site  of  a  BrilU 
village,  adjacent  to  an  ancient  trackway  tfat 

riiiuts  to  the  pastaga  of  tlia  Hamker  at 
erriby.  In  1715)  a  l»u>lifl  of  eelts,  anell 
indoaad  in  a  mould  or  case  of  matal,  waa 
luaad  at  Broagh  cm  the  Hamber  ;  aad  in  a 
bank,  forming  part  of  sooic  aatensiva  earth- 
works at  Skirlaugh,  a  largt  qoaatily  ai 
eelta,  8|icar-headf,  sword-bladaa,  &&  af 
miaed  metal  like  bnua,  waa  diacovarsd  ie 
the  year  1809.  Akmg  wkh  thaas  thete 
were  alto  several  eubee  of  the  aama  maial, 
aad  some  maaaes  evidently  Uttlag  hito  tlia 
neck  of  the  monlds.  In  which  the  calta 
cast :  the  whole  was  wrapped  hi 
atroog  linea  chnh,  pnrtlona  whereof 
very  perfiwt,  and  eneloaed  in  a  ease  of  waad, 
which  waa  brokea  into  pSecea  by  the  ploegiu 
Stone  hateheu,  or  battla-ascs,  lawa  dso 
been  occaaiooally  diaeoverad  in  various 
places.'*^p.  6. 

As  these  remains  impljf  the  arts  of 
casting  metals  and  weavins,  the  re- 
mains may  be  ascribed  to  the  Roman 
British  era.  But  the  most  remarkable 
specimen  was  a  bronze  statute  of  Mer- 
cury, found  near  Kilnsca  on  the  see- 
shore.  Mercury  was,  we  know,  the 
petfoo  god  of  tlie  Britons. 


246 


Rb V I E w. — Bibliog raphicul  Miscellany. 


[Marchf 


ihcir  several   portions   were  not  well 
performed. 

*'  Also  2s,  received  of  Richard  Trollop, 
Alderman  of  the  Painters,  liecause  his  pliiy 
of  The  Three  Kin^^s  of  Cologne  was  badly 
and  disorderly  performed.** — p.  978.  [There 
are  other  items.] 

In  p.  S95  is  a  long;  list  of  pledges 
(pieces  of  furniture  or  apparel),  which 
were  lodged  with  the  Governors  as  se- 
curity for  the  payment  of  arrears  of  the 
town  dues. 

7%e  Biliiographical  and  Retrospective  Mis- 
cellany, containing  Notices  of  and  Extracts 
from  rare,  curious,  and  useful  B'juks,  in 
all  Languages  ;  original  Matter,  illustra- 
tive of  the  History  and  Antiquities  of  Grail 
Britain  and  Ireland ;  Abstracts  from  ra- 
luable  Manuscripts;  unpublished  Auto^ 
graph  Letters  of  eminent  Characters  ;  and 
Notices  of  the  principal  Book  Sales.  To 
be  continued  monthly.  Parts  L  IL  and 
III,     1 9mo.     John  Wilson. 

THE  Editor  of  this  Miscellany,  in 
order  10  enhance  the  merits  of  his  de- 
sign, claims  the  credit  of  originality  of 
plan,  and  accuses  British  Literature  of 
deficiency  in  bibliogriiphical  works. 
The  latter  of  these  assumptions  is 
surely  denied  by  a  numerous  host  of 
English  authors,  who  have  dedicated 
their  labours  to  that  subject ;  the  for- 
mer is  a  quibble,  and  nothing  more 
than  may  be  said  of  any  new  publica- 
tion—that none  has  been  conducted  on 
a  plan  of  precisely  the  same  combina- 
tion. There  have,  however,  been  pub- 
lished, in  a  periodical  series,  the  Cen- 
sura  Litcraria,  and  later  miscellaneous 
works  of  a  similar  nature, — from  one 
of  the  best  of  which,  the  Iletra«ipective 
Review,  the  present  appears  to  have 
partially  adopted  its  title.  We  may 
also  remark,  that  our  own  pages  have 
by  no  means  excluded  the  topic,  wit- 
ness the  course  of  papers  they  some 
years  ago  contained  undtrr  the  title  of 
The  Censor,  the  curious  series  of  Fly- 
Leaves,  for  which  we  have  been  in- 
debted to  a  gentleman  eminently  dis- 
tinguished in  bibliography;  and,  with 
regard  to  sales  by  auction,  those  of  the 
prmcipal  importance  have  seldom  es- 
caped our  notice. 

Passing  by  these  too  common  exag- 
gerations of  prospectuses  and  prefaces, 
we  consider  the  present  a  meritorious 
attempt,  and  will  now  give  some  ac- 
count of  the  numbers  before  us.  The 
editor  promises  particular  attention  to 
Englibh  History,  and  commences  his 


work  with  three  articles  on  that  sub- 
ject,— Ciapham's  Chronicle,  Baker^i 
Chronicle,  and  Historical  Collections* 
1706.  There  are  others  on  "  The 
Com  play  nt  of  Roderyck  Mora,  som- 
tyiiie  a  grayfryre  ;'*  on  the  Jestbooks* 
&c.  of  Richard  Head,  temp.  Charles 
n  ;  on  the  poems,  in  the  learned  Ian- 
guan;es,  of  Elizabeth  Jane  Weston ; 
Mondus  Alter  et  Idem,  l643;  Bishop 
Niculson's  Historical  Library;  the 
Chronicles  of  Asser,  Walsingham, 
GeofTrey  of  Monmouth,  &c.  1  a  cu- 
rious contemporaneous  |>amph}et  re- 
la  live  to  the  proposed  duel  between 
Francis  I.  and  Charles  V. ;  England's 
Interests,  by  Sir  Jonas  More ;  YvriKJit's 
Historia  Histrionica;  Sir  Edw.  E)er- 
ing^s  Sj>eeche8,  1()60  ;  &c.  &c.  A  very 
copious  list  of  Works  on  Chess  was 
also  commenced ;  but,  having  been 
found  to  run  to  a  greater  extent  than 
was  ex|)ected,  is  discontinued  in  the 
third  number,  with  the  view  of  its 
being  printed  in  a  separate  Tolume. 
There  are  also  analyses  of  Ptnzer's  An- 
nales  Typographic!,  and  Renooard's 
Annales  des  Aide;  and  a  crumbling 
review  of  Hartshorne's  Book  Rarities 
in  the  University  of  Cambridge.  Some 
of  the  arguments  of  this  critic  against 
the  study  of  titles  and  colophons,  will 
certainly  he  applied  to  the  Miscellany 
in  which  his  criticism  appears,  and  be 
considered  an  attack  00  bibliography 
in  a  work  dedicated  to  that  pursuit. 
The  editor  should  have  returned  the 
article,  if  not  with  a  repetition  of  the 
arguments  he  has  elsewhere  employed 
in  his  defence, — at  least  with  tne  re- 
fleciion  that  "  it  is  an  ill  bini  that  de- 
files its  own  nest.'*  The  truth  is,  that 
in  matters  of  mere  literary  amusement^ 
the  rule  of  chacun  a  ion  gcui  mi^  be 
innocently  allowed  ;  and  that  all  these 
matters,  though  of  minor  importance, 
yet,  kept  in  their  place,  have  their  use. 
Mr.  Hartshorne  is  blamed  becauie  he 
has  selected  for  his  chief  atteutioa 
such  articles  as  are  of  the  greatest 
rarity.  The  objects  of  his  book,  n 
expressed  by  the  title,  were  these, 
and  what  else  has  the  reader  any  ri^ht 
to  expect?  To  give  a  comprehensive 
view  of  the  useful  books  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  Cambridge  would  be  a  very 
wide  field,  and  one  which  no  author 
of  reputation  would  incautiously  un- 
dertake. We  are  not,  however,  ouali- 
fied  to  be  the  defenders  of  Mr.  narta- 
home's  work,  as  we  know  nothing 
further  of  it  than  thai  it  is  very  dear. 


laaa] 


Rbviiw.— -Nolttroi  Halorff  of  Intecis. 


347 


llie  principal  c^rigiool  articlet  iu  the 
Bibliographical  Mikccllany  are  at  fol- 
low. Ao  accouot  of  the  Maoiier  of* 
keeping  ibe  King's  birthday  at  £ilin»; 
burgh  in  1734.  Deacription  and  ex- 
tracta  from  a  volume  of  the  archives  of 
the  Bastille,  acciiicnully  found  in  one 
of  the  apartmeou,  a  day  or  two  after 
its  surrender,  llie  finder  was  Mr. 
Christopher  Putter,  a  person  who  was 
twice  returned  M.P.  for  Colchester,  in 
1781  and  I784»  but  on  both  occasions 
found  not  duly  elected.  To  escape 
from  his  difficulties  he  afterwards  re- 
moved to  France,  and  in  consequence 
was  in  the  way  to  procure  this  volume; 
which  was  transmitted  to  his  brother, 
a  haberdasher  at  Charing  cross,  by  him 
sold,  and  its  present  possessor  is  not 
known.  Ii«contenis,  if  we  may  judge 
from  the  cxtracu  (which  are  full  of 
ignorant  mi»prints),  are  much  less  inte- 
resting than  its  history.  A  warrant  to 
the  Actors  at  the  Cockpit  in  Drury- 
lane,  from  Sir  Henry  Herbert,  Master 
of  the  Revels,  Oct.  13,  l6G0.  A  (peti- 
tion of  Anthony  Babingion,  the  Con- 
spirator, to  Queen  Elisabeth,  from  Mr. 
Lpcott's  colieciion.  Notice  of  MSS. 
in  the  Public  Library  at  Besancon. 

We  cordially  winh  this  periodical 
success ;  but  recommend  far  greater 
cjre  in  the  correction  of  the  ptess, 
which  is  faulty  througlutui,  and  parti- 
ruUrly  where  any  other  language  but 
Knglish  occurs. 

The  Natural  Hutary  rf  ItuecU,  In  two  parts f 
Fol.  /.  \6mo,  pp,  913.     Murray. 

WHOEVEU  studies  Natural  Philo- 
sophv,  as  initiatory  tu  Theology,  lays 
the  foundation  of  piety  u|K>n  a  moun- 
tain, which  not  a  hurricane  or  even 
earthquake  of  scepticism  can  remove ; 
and  he  acquires  that  humility  in  his 
conceptions  of  Deitv,  and  that  confi- 
dence in  His  benevolence,  which  leada 
him  to  wisdom  and  happiness.  In  fact, 
he  is  a  student  of  the  laws  of  Provi- 
dence, and  there  he  finds  every  thing 
that  is  neceasary  for  his  own  well-be- 
ing. He  finds,  in  short,  that  with  re- 
gard to  lempoial  well-being,  virtue  and 
prudence  are  the  sole  agents  ;  and  with 
regard  to  his  spifitual,  that  ho|ie  is  a 
feclins  which  never  extends  to  unat- 
tainable objects  ;  and  therefore  that, 
because  what  may  be,  is,  he  has  no  tena- 
ble ground  for  philoaophising  against 
revelation. 

Wheo  St.  Paul  talked  of  philosophy 


and  vain  deceit,  he  only  talked  of  the 
.  solemn  trash  of  Greek  lecturers,  who 
made  nature  conformable  to  their  own 
particular  inia|^i nations,  and  never 
dreamed  of  finding  the  contenta  of  th% 
egg,  by  breaking  the  shell.  Mathema- 
tical problems  were  to  be  solved  by  the 
ingredients  of  poetry,  and  the  troth  of 
phvsics  was  made  dependent  upon  skill 
m  logic  But  things  are  now  different; 
such  rashness  now  amounts  to  utter  ig- 
norance of  the  veiv  abecedary  of  the 
matter  ;  and  the  subject  before  us.  En- 
tomology, presents  an  apt  illustration. 

Whoever  knows  that  various  genera 
of  carnivorous  (es|)eciallv)  and  other 
animals  have  been  otterlj  extirpated, 
may  be  led  to  think,  that  it  is  a  general 
law  of  Providence  to  extend  the  same 
privilege  with  regard  to  all  kinds.  Bkit 
he  is  mistaken.  It  is  not  permitted^ 
unless  (in  confirmation  of  the  Bible,) 
it  be  for  the  use  of  man.  Every  boc^ 
knows,  that  timber  may  be  cut  down 
and  used  by  man,  for  most  beneficial 
purposes  ;  and  alao,  that  when  an  ani- 
mal s  or  insect's  means  of  subsistence 
is  withdrawn,  the  genus  perishes,  be- 
cause the  injury  is  not  compatible  with 
the  well-bein^  of  the  **  Lord  of  Crea- 
tion." For  instance,  veg^ation  can 
never  be  injuriously  luxuriant,  where 
man  wants  the  soil,  but 

**  The  deslnictivcMti  of  tha  white  aott, 
it,  perhaps,  ona  of  tha  most  efficient  mctuu 
of  cbeckioff  the  pcruicious  luxiirUoce  of  ve- 
getation within  the  tropics.  No  Urge  nai- 
mal  could  effect  in  months  what  the  white 
ant  can  execute  in  weeks ;  the  largest  trees, 
which,  foiling,  would  rot  and  render  tlie  air 
pestilential,  are  so  thoroughly  removed,  that 
not  a  grain  of  their  substance  is  in  be  recog- 
nised. Not  only  is  the  air  freed  from  this 
corrupting  matter,  hut  the  plauts  destroyed 
by  the  shade  of  these  bulky  gianu  of  the  ve- 
getable world,  are  thus  permitted  to  shoot.*' 
—p.  144. 

But  the  locusts,  the  caterpillars,  &*c. 
destroy  the  food  of  man ;  yes,  but  io 
how  limited  and  periodical  a  degree  I 
The  general  law  is,  that  the  agency  of 
insects  relieves  us  from  that  extreme 
abundance  of  vegetable  matter,  which 
would  render  the  earth  uninhabitable, 
were  this  excess  not  periodically  de- 
stroyed (Insect  Architecture,  p.  11). 

Insecta  which  feed  upon  the  human 
body  produce  a  discomfort,  which  in- 
duces cleanliness ;  and,  in  a  hot  cli- 
mate, where  certain  tormentors  are  not 
to  be  wholly  removed,  they  are  mere 
taxes  paid  for  that  superior  production 
which  emurea  cheapness  of  food,  and 


248 


Miscellaneous  Reviews. 


[March^ 


for  that  warmth  which  rtntli-rs  fuel  un- 
necessary»  lodging  easy,  and  clothing 
cheap.  What  is  the  diflicully  of  get- 
ting rid  of  a  few  mnsquitoes,  compared 
with  that  of  providing  for  a  family? — 
But  it  is  possible  that  when  a  flea  sucks 
blood,  he  sucks  with  it  insects,  wliich 
have  in  him  a  natural  enemy.  But 
the  most  curious  fact  in  the  insect  eco- 
nomy is,  that  tliey  are  always  snending 
their  time  in  the  propagation  of" young, 
which  they  never  live  to  rear,  or  even 
to  see ;  yet  the  care  which  they  take 
of  their  ova  exhibits  parental  feeling. 
Change  of  season  and  loss  of  food  is 
the  evident  cause  of  this  early  dissolu- 
tion ;  and  the  apparent  intention  that 
they  should  not  he  too  abundant. 

In  a  general  view,  phenomena  only 
indicate  that  state  of  per|)etnal  change 
and  motion  which  pervades  all  being 
whatever  ;  for  there  is  not  a  moment 
of  time  in  which  such  being  is  not  un- 
dergoing a  mutation  ;  and  consequently 
is  in  action,  however  quiescent  it  way 
appear  to  us.  Every  animated  being 
is  a  pabulum  for  another,  and  that  ano- 
ther for  others ;  and  Brown's  micros- 
copical ex|)eriments  show  that  there  is 
motion  even  in  atoms  of  silex.  In 
confirmation  of  these  remarks,  we  find 
here  in  p.  209,  that 

*'  Not  only  min,  and  the  giants  of  the  cre- 
ation, whether  vegetable  or  animal,  are  sub- 
jected to  the  attacks  of  these  tiny  depredators, 
but  insects  themselves  must  furnish  nourish- 
ment to  still  smaller  insects ;  and  even  the 
smallest  of  those  which  are  visible  to  the 
naked  eye  presents  a  wide  range  for  some 
puny  parasite.  The  bee,  the  beetle,  and  the 
dragon-fly  may  be  seen  covered  with  these 
creatures.  The  spider,  at  all  times  offen* 
sive,  becomes  loathsome,  when  its  body  is 
eaten  up  with  acari.  The  common  fly  must 
yield  up  its  juices  to  its  parasites,  and   the 


gnat,  which  steals  a  minute  drop  from 
provides  an  ocean  of  nourishment  for  Uit 
little  hexajMides,  which  lodge  under  the  mm- 
]ile  folds  of  its  body.  The  minute  plant-lice, 
uhich  drain  the  vegetable  world,  are  them- 
si'hcs  drained  in  their  turn.  But  there  are 
some  species  of  insects  which  are  infected 
hy  acari,  whose  habits  arc  perfectly  unique. 
Dr.  Gccr  observed  a  heap  of  small  aeari 
piled  on  the  i)ody  of  a  si)€cies  of  beetle  (lep- 
tura),  which  prevented  it  fmm  walking,  and 
appeared  to  inflict  «in  it  t!ie  greatest  tor- 
ment.  On  examining  this  heap  wiih  a  leasy 
what  was  his  astonishuient  in  discoveriag 
that  the  acari  composing  it  formed  a  ohaia 
of  suckers  !  Tlie  first  sucked  tha  laptura* 
tlie  second  sucked  the  sucker,  and  the  third 
drained  the  secnud." 

To  revert  to  our  first  prDpositien — 
the  extirpation  uf  genera  inimical  to 
man.  That  it  is  physically  impractica- 
ble in  reference  to  insects  IS  dear ;  vnd 
the  reason  may  be,  that  insects  perhaps 
form  an  indispensable  iiari  of  animal 
substance.  Without  adopting  the  hy- 
perbole, that  man  is  a  "  congeries  of 
insects,"  it  is  either  proved  olr  reasotia- 
bly  assumed,  that  there  is  nothing  qui- 
escent throughout  nature  ;  that  matter 
is  divisible,  ad  infinitum  ;  and  that  ho 
two  atoms  are  in  actual  contact.  If  it 
be  too  much  to  say  that  all  these 
a:onis  consist  of  organic  beiogs,  it  is 
evident  that  all  organic  beings  are  only 
nidi  of  others  ;  and  that  it  is  difiicQit 
to  account  for  phenomena,  without  a 
theory  of  animation  far  more  extentive 
thuii  the  present. 

But  we  must  speak  of  the  book.  It 
consists  of  a  true  romance;  a  wonderful 
display  of  divine  wisdom,  which,  as  a 
story,  as  much  exceeds  the  sublime  and 
marvellous  of  the  finest  fiction,  as  the 
glory  of  the  sun  does  the  light  of  acan- 
dle.     It  is  a  truly  delightful  book. 


We  wish  that  Mr.  Watson  may  satisfy  tlie 
public,  in  regard  to  his  Plan  for  prevejiling 
Ships  foundering  at  Sea,  and  therdjy  render' 
ing  every  Ship  a  Life-ship  ;  and  most  certaiD  !y 
we  think  if  there  can  be  a  life*/-oa<»  there 
may  be  also  a  \\ie-ship,  Mr.  Watson  has  re- 
cently given  a  very  satisfactory  Lecture  on 
the  subject,  at  the  Royal  Institution.  He 
exhibited  some  ingenious  experiments  in 
proof  of  the  advantages  of  hU  discovery. — 
These  experiments  were  peiformed  on  a 
small  model  of  an  80-gun  ship,  and  were 
clearly  successful  in  their  results  as  regarded 
the  model.  A  leak  was  sprung  prior  to  the 
application  of  the  air-tubes,  and  the  model, 
df  course,  soon  sunk ;  the  air-tubes  were 
then  applied,  and  the  leak  sprung  as  before. 


but  a  very  different  result  ooeamd.  Far 
from  sinking,  the  model,  though  oomplatdy 
filled  with  water,  and  having  weichto  pro- 
p<irtionally  equal  to  the  950  tons  Amm  the 
average  weight  of  80-gun  ships,  attached  to 
it,  remained  above  water. 

Laconics  ;  or  the  Best  ffinrds  of  tke  Bett 
Authors.  These  three  neatly  printed  volumes 
contain  more  than  4000  choice  extrBCta  Id 
prose  and  verse  from  standard  English  au- 
thors ;  and  form  excellent  eompanioiis  fur 
the  breakfast  or  drawing-rooms.  No  MM 
can  dip  into  them  for  a  moment  without 
meeting  with  matter  of  amuaement,  reflex 
tion,  or  improvement.  The  compiler  has 
been  evidently  well  qoalified  for  his  task  by 


isao.] 


Hfict/IcaMOM  Rmtws. 


449 


•  most  «at«MtiF«  lnMi«lc<lge  of  books.  Wo 
•hottld  hafvo  pitfcwoJ  •  ciMrificatioo  of  tuV- 
iocU ;  Wutt  M  toBO  eompooMiioo,  toch  to* 
luflM  hoA  tko  boocfic  of  o  aoo<I  iodom ;  oocl  ia 
Wtido  enbtUkhtd  wiih  five  ponroiu,  on* 
grovtd  ia  ooo  pkilo. 


kaUo  work  ootitlod  «  Fahk  ond  JuKifi* 


TAe  Mam^  ^ihe  Remumy  if  iht  Hmmtm, 
Bodyt  M  HeaUk  mtd  DiimMe,  **  ooouinmg 
o  briof  view  of  ilt  ttruetnio  aad  funotiooi» 
ood  the  diieom  lo  whioh  ii  ie  liokle  i  with 
onple  dirtoliooa  for  the  logoloiioo  of  dioi 
•Ao  logiaeo,  firooi  in&acv  to  old  ago."— 
Thia  Mfol  tolooM  ia  woU  adapted  to  tho 
gcueral  reader,  aa  it  begiot  by  oiplaioing  tho 
stroetare  and  limetiooa  of  the  homao  finune, 
Moviooa  to  diacoaalog  tho  diaooaea  to  which 
U  ia  aub{oet»  and  tbo  troataont  deairablo  in 
oaoh  caao»  with  tho  maiMigoment  of  chil* 
dcon»  and  pbda  and  oaofbldirectiooa  reapaot^ 
iog  dial  and  rofraaooy  oold  aod  warm  batning» 
etoroiao»  and  tno  beat  methoda  of  lendoriag 
old  ago  oooAvtoblOi  This  work  deaorvea  to 
ho  popolar*  It  ia  not  a  hook  of  qnaekory  } 
the  anthofitioa  are  given,  oonporcd,  md 
examined  ;  and  the  aaabtanco  ot  tho  boat 
medical  advice  within  reach  is  io  all  cases 
aiffoogly  roooauMBdrd. 

Wo  aofiiooe  of  7^  Yamng  rfkmitnr*i 
Cave,  and  tho  three  other  taloa  i  that  onti- 
tUd  '<  Fogging**  oxoeDted.  Tho  pnhlie 
sohoola  hovonoodttoed  too  men  who  haeo 
most  enaobledthb  nation ;  and  ae  boya  loam 
there,  that  not  rank  hot  high  qoaUlieo  gain 
distinction  and  profefanoo-  qnaiitioa  whioh 
they  will  never  oeqoiro  in  private  ieminariea» 
baoaose  tho  interest  of  the  master  prodoocs 
partiality—the  **  &ggiog  "  is  not,  cenemlly 
speaking,  a  seriooa  evil.  It  may«  however, 
require  to  be  controlled  and  modified ;  but  it 
should  be  notwithstanding  rooollected,  that 
to  rough  it  in  early  life,  has  been  and  is  oon- 
sidered  by  men  of  emioeoce  an  inestimable 
blcMiog,  because  it  has  enabled  them  to  bear 
adversity  with  patience,  and  laugh  at  pott/ 
evils. 

CapCnin  Fomf  aw,  in  his  Pretent  Owuner- 
€ittl  Disirtu  tractd  lo  the  true  eatut  ,*  amd 
ike  Aral,  if  not  the  on/y  wuans  <{fremcving  it 
pointed  oui  /  recommends  (p.  t7)  that  ma- 
nofiictorars  shonld  withdraw  from  trade  all 
the  soporfinous  capital  that  cannot  be  turned 
to  advantage,  and  that  a  door  shouU  bo 
opened  for  the  emigration  of  suporfinooa 
labouicrs. 

The  Qnesiioms  en  the  Church  Service,  fir 
the  use  qf  Sundtttf  SchooU,  desenra  unquali- 
fied praise. 

Mr.  BcirriMo's  Sermon  upouJustificafiom 

by  Faith,  has  a  bearing  totiwds  mysticism, 

which  is  not  accordant  with  Mr.ToDo's  dear 

and  dffimite  nation$  i^feaving  faith,  in  Ua  vt- 

GiKT.  Mag.  March,  Itso. 


It 


Mr.  PimcBY,  in  hia  Code  qf  HeaUh,  well 
illustrates  the  advantagea  of  tcmpeiaooe, 
puio  air»  and  exorcise. 

We  eiyoyod  with  a  smila  tho  light  aod 
elegant  humour  of  the  Charity  Bmart,  o 
poem. 

The  AntiSlaoery  Reporter,  No.  66,  de- 
nies the  statements  of  Mr.  Mackenzie. 

The  Literary  and  Sdeniyie  CloMt-Book, 
by  tho  Rev.  J.  Platts,  is  really  what  it 
professes  to  be ;  and  any  yonthral  student, 
with  the  assistance  of  a  careful  tutor,  to 
explain  soma  little  difficulties  which  are  not 
to  be  avoided  in  such  a  work,  would  acquire 
much  philosophic  knowledge  and  scientific 
taste.  It  consbts  of  lessons  for  each  day  in 
the  year,  fifiy-two  beioe  set  apart  at  the 
end  of  the  volume  for  the  Sundays,  which 
are  characterised  by  a  purs  aod  devotiooal 
spirit.  The  volume  is  interspersed  whh 
poetical  Quotations,  seleoted  with  evideot 
taste  I  and  embellished  with  diagrams,  &c. 

The  Rev.  6.  Shoto'i  Orgame  iVowniicifl- 
lian,  wo  think  excellently  odapted  to  froiti*> 
tate  the  dUBcult  and  tedious  process  of 
teaching  children  to  read.  It  b  the  best 
book  known  to  us  for  acquiring  the  import 
of  syllablee,  by  brioetng  into  one  labour  tho 
double  tedium  of  first  naming  the  letters, 
and  then  giving  to  them  the  proper  sound. 
It  teaches  simultaneously,  by  botn  eye  and 
ear. 

We  recommend  Mr.  Cvthbiiit  Jorn- 
ion's  Utes  qfSaitfir  Jgriadturttl  Fwpoeee, 
ifc,  to  the  attention  of  experimeotal  lum- 
ers.  The  testimonies  quoted  are  roost  re- 
spectable. The  preservation  of  timber  by 
salt  (see  p.  189}  b  very  important  to  ship- 
buiUers. 


t 


Concerning  Predntmation  and  Prte-will, 
an  Athmofian,  we  have  onlv  to  praise 

e  teal  and  eloquence  of  the  author.  Thb 
we  do  most  sincerely,  because  that  creed, 
whatever  may  bo  said  of  the  damnatory 
clauses,  b  a  full  and oompleto,  and  truly  scrip- 
toral  compendium  of  tho  doctrine  of  the 
Trinity,  a  doctrine  upon  which  dtponds  the 
whole  scheme  of  Rodemption. 

The  Bight  if  ike  Ckurdk  V*  Sngjand  io 
her  EndmomerUt  oxpoees  tho  sophbtry  of 
Uioso  who  have  dbputod  it.  ThoM  oodoiy- 
ments  are  not  toxoa,  but  beoefcctioos  of  ow 
nioos  aacaators ;  and,  liko  all  other  bono- 
iactiona,  belong  to  the  donees.  Tho  State 
or  poopio  cnn  no  more  make  a  title  to  them, 
thoa  it  oon  to  tho  eatato  of  a  choritablo 


8 


250 


Miscellaneous  Reviews. — Fine  Arts. 


[March^ 


foundation ;  and  if  it  covld,  it  would  only  be 
diversion  of  an  unavoidable  payment  froin  a 
man  in  a  black  coat  to  another  in  a  brown 
one.  ' 

Dr.  CoRDER  Thomson's  eloquent  Letter 
on  Anatomical  Pursuits,  combats  tlie  feel- 
ings which  prohibit  a  due  supply  of  sub- 
jects for  medical  students.  There  is  cer- 
tainly no  difference  in  the  abstract,  whether 
a  corpse  is  destroyed  by  putrefaction  or  dis- 
section. Other  countries,  we  believe,  avoid 
all  legislation  upon  the  subject,  and  we  have 
read  that  a  foreign  trade  is  opened  accord- 
ingly. 

We  are  happy  to  see  that  Mr.  Dale's 
Introductory  Lecture  to  the  Study  of  Theo- 
logy  and  of  the  Greek  Testament  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  London,  shows  that  the  plan  in- 
tended is  judicious,  and  based  upon  the 
•*  Divinity  of  Christ,"  and  a  correct  under- 
standing of  Scripture. 

The  Review  of  the  Arguments  and  Alle- 
gations against  the  Retiewal  of  the  East  In- 
dia  Company's  Charter,  states,  In  p.  6*7t 
that  these  arguments  and  allegations  are  in 
the  whole  barefaced  misrepresentations ;  and 
that  the  teas  sold  so  cheap  on  the  Continent 
are  only  Ankhe  or  Ankoy  teas,  or  rubbish, 
unsaleable  at  all  unless  dirt  cheap. 

Lady  Byron  has  given  circulation  to  a 
letter,  containing  '*  Remarks  on  Mr.  Moore's 
Notices  of  the  Life  of  Byron"  The  most 
interesting  part  is  that  relating  to  the  sepa- 
ration between  his  lordship  and  herself} 
which  it  was  inferred  was  attributable  to 
undue  influence.  At  the  time  that  Lady 
Byron  first  left  him,  her  belief  was  that  his 
Lordship,  in  his  behaviour  towards  her, 
acted  under  the  influence  of  insanity;  and 


she  took  that  step,  not  under  the  persuaston 
of  any  one.  She  was  afterward*  satisfied 
that  the  notion  of  insanity  was.  an  illasina, 
and  every  extenuating  circorostanee  being 
then  removed,  she  insisted  upon  a  separar 
tiun,  under  the  advice  of  Sir  S.  Romilly  and 
Dr.  Lushington,  who  were  in  possession  of 
all  the  circumstances.  Lady  E^ron  annexes 
a  letter  from  Dr.  Lushington  written  last 
January,  in  which  he  declares  his  belief  that 
a  reconciliation  was  impossible;  and  con- 
cludes, by  declaring  her  only  object  to  be 
that  of  viudioating  the  memory  of  her  pa- 
rents from  the  calumny  of  having  iostignied 
the  separation. 

The  Examination  qf  the  Princiflet  and 
Policy  of  the  Government  qf  BritiA  hidia^ 
Sc,  is  properly  a  subject  of  Parliamentary 
discussion.  It  requires  local  knowledge, 
and  a  vast  fund  of  evidence  to  come  to  • 
correct  decision.  We  therefore  decline  giv- 
ing any  opinion  of  the  contents  of  tbia 
work,  though  we  willingly  acknowledge  that 
the  literary  execution  of  it  does  ciedit  to 
the  author. 


We  know  nothing  of  the  einsei  whidi 
casioned  the  Rev.  Charles  Catoi,  late 
Rector  of  Kirk  Smeaton,  to  state  in  bis 
Farewell  Sermon,  that  he  was  no  longer  per- 
mitte.d  to  address  his  flock  as  their  minis- 
ter from  the  pulpit,  except  that  he  was 
charged  with  not  preaching  the  Gospel  (p. 
17]  9  and  holding  a  Itrge  fiirm.  (p.  91.)  Alt 
we  can  or  ought  to  say  is,  that  (p.  15)  he 
acknowledges  *<  being  warned  that  h'ls  flock 
roust  all  be  scattered  and  driven  away,  and 
that  be  had  hosts  of  enemies."  The  Sermon 
is  eloquent,  and  exhibits  a  surpassing  know- 
ledge of  Scripture;  but  no  parish  priest 
that  ever  lived  has  done,  or  could  do,  the  aU 
to  which  lie  lays  claim. 


FINE    ARTS. 


Mosaic  Works. 


A  variety  of  pictures  in  Mosaic  work,  of 
singular  beauty,  are  open  to  the  public  in 
Old  Bond-street.  They  are  the  laborious 
accomplishment  of  Signer  Moglia,  a  Roman 
artist.  Upon  entering  the  room  where  they 
are  exhibited,  we  passed  by  a  large  half- 
length  portrait  of  His  Majesty,  in  his  robes, 
the  size  of  life,  after  the  original  of  Sir 
Thomas  Lawrence,  supposing  it  to  be  an 
oil  painting  :  our  attention,  however,  was 
directed  to  it  as  forming  the  most  remarkable 
and  attractive  feature  of  the  collection. 
And  assuredly  it  is  a  work  of  extraordinary 
labour,  patience,  and  merit.  The  whole 
work  is  composed  of  the  astonishing  number 
of  one  million  sixty  thousand  and  fifty  dis- 
tinct pieces  of  coloured  stone.  In  the  same 
room,  besides  a  variety  of  small  landscapes, 
s  a  copy  of  the  **  Kuropa,"  after  Guido, 


surrounded  by  a  wreath  of  flowers,  most  ad- 
mirably copied  from  nature.  A  small  por- 
trait of  a  spaniel,  calculated  to  adorn  the  lid 
of  a  snuff-box,  is  finished  m  the  saoM  mi- 
nute material,  and  with  as  close  an  attention 
to  the  easy  gradations  of  colour  as  a  falgblj- 
finished  miniature.  To  the  curious  an  ert 
we  strongly  recommend  the  patronage  of 
these  ingenious  works.  They  are  the  moife 
perfect  specimens  of  mosaic  work  we  evar  mm, 

Mr.  Haydon's  PicrusBt. 

Death  <f  Eucles.— The  subject  is  taken 
from  PluUrch  de  Glorid  Athemensium;  end 
the  painter  has  represented  his  hero  (after 
having  ran  to  the  houses  of  the  first  macie- 
trates  to  announce  the  victory)  as  rasnlag 
to  his  own  home,  and  dropping  dead  Jutt  m 
he  reaches  the  threshold,  huiiains  as  be 
£iMs.     Opposite  to  the  here  is  his  wife. 


1830.] 


Fine  Arts. 


2h\ 


^CTACted,  who  hM  come  out  to  me«t  him* 
with  her  io^t  in  her  mxtm.  Id  front  is  a 
fine  athletic  figure  springing  foiward  to 
catch  tha  hero.  Behind  is  the  father  of 
Eucles,  thanking  tha  gods  his  son  is  victo-> 
rious,  though  djiog.  In  the  back- ground 
are  the  Parthenon,  the  temple  of  Minerva, 
and  the  Propylseom.  The  subject  is  a  fine 
one,  and  b  here  most  ably  treated  bv  Mr. 
Haydon.  The  picture  has  been  purcnased 
by  50  siiliscribers  at  10  guineas  each,  and 
the  fortunate  owner  will  be  decided  by  lot 
on  the  5lh  of  April.  Mr.  Haydon  has  an- 
other fine  subject  in  hand,  "  Zenophon 
and  the  Ten  Thousand  first  catchioi;  a  sight 
of  the  Sea  on  Mount  Thcches.**  This  pic- 
tore  it  IS  intended  shall  also  be  disposed  of 
in  the  same  way  as  the  Eucles,  by  50  shares 
of  1 0  guineas  each. 

Punch  and  Judy;  or  Life  in  Londan."^ 
The  second  picture  in  Mr.  Hsydon's  exhi- 
bition, is  a  direct  contrast  to  tlte  preceding. 
One  is  the  trsgedy ;  the  other  the  farce. 
The  celebrity  Mr.  Haydon  has  gained  by 
hb  very  humorous  picture  of  the  "  Mock 
Election,*'  and  **  the  Chairing  the  Mem- 
her,"  will  nut  be  diminished  by  this  very  en- 
tertaining and  well-grouped  picture.  Punch 
and  Judy  are  admirably  painted ;  Punch  is 
beating  bis  wife  for  levity  of  conduct ;  and 
the  show  has  evidently  firoduced  its  iutended 
effect  on  the  merry  group  bef«>re  it.  An 
honest  farmer  is  so  lost  in  sdmiration  as  to 
be  insensible  of  the  danger  he  is  in  of  losing 
his  pc»cket-book,  from  the  united  attentions 
of  a  LunJon  sharper,  his  lady-friend,  and  a 
boy  who  is  picking  the  farmer's  pocket. 
Observing  this  scene  is  a  London  thief- 
taker,  ready  to  pounce  on  the  thief.  A 
fine  atliletic  sailor,  and  a  life-guardsman,  are 
put  in  as  fsir  representatives  of  the  noble 
services  to  which  they  belong.  The  scene 
is  laid  in  the  New  Road,  before  Mar}leb(me 
Church,  from  which  a  hsppy  new-married 
pair  are  driving  in  a  chariot,  and  towards 
which  a  liearse  is  carrying  the  body  of  a 
}oung  girl.  In  the  opposite  side  of  the 
picture  to  Punch  and  Judy,  are  a  chimney- 
sweeper and  his  lady,  dancing,  with  Jack 
in  the  Green,  and  all  the  paraphernalia  of  a 
May- day.  We  sincerely  hope  that  pa- 
tronage will  be  amply  bestowed  on  this  de- 
serving and  industrious  artist,  who  has  cou« 
tributed  so  much  of  late  to  the  gratification 
of  the  public. 

Panorama  or  Calcutta. 

Mr.  Burford  has  lately  opened  in  the 
great  circle  at  LeicesUr-square,  a  painting 
of  this  chief  seat  of  the  British  Government 
in  India.  The  site  ia  a  perfect  fiat,  and 
little  more  than  a  century  ago  «as  covered 
with  stagnant  poob  and  thick  jungle,  and 
infested  by  wild  animals.  The  banks  of  the 
river  Hooghley,  for  a  distance  of  six  miles, 
now  prt»ent  one  of  the  most  magaificent 


and  thickly  peopled  cities  in  the  world.  The 
present  Panorama  b  taken  firom  tlie  Eepla- 
nade,  and  includes  the  best  parts  of  the  Eu- 
ropean divbion  of  the  city»  including  Fort 
Willbm,  the  palace  of  the  governor,  the 
bank,  supreme  court,  the  princely  dwellings 
of  the  chief  officers,  &c.  To  relieve  the 
flatness  of  the  view,  and  the  monotooooi 
character  of  the  buildings,  the  artUt  has  ui* 
troduced  groupes  of  figures,  which,  though 
seldom  seen  at  Calcutta,  add  much  to  the 
interest  of  the  picture :  such  b  a  magni- 
ficent procession  of  a  native  priaoe,  mounted 
on  an  elephant,  and  accompanied  by  three 
other  elephants,  oameb,  several  spirited 
horses,  and  a  numerous  retinue  of  servants  in 
splendid  costumes ;  in  another  part  of  the 

Kicture,  a  devotee  b  undergoing  penanca, 
y  being  swung  in  the  air,  suspended  by  a 
hook  in  the  muscles  of  his  body ;  groups  of 
dancers,  jugglers,  palanquins,  and  dealers  in 
fruit,  agreeably  diversify  the  scene.  The 
picture  is  from  drawings  by  Captain  Smith, 
of  the  44th  rec.  The  atmosphere  well  re- 
sembles the  sultry  climate ;  and  the  whole 
picture,  which  b  extremely  well  painted, 
affords  a  correct  idea  of  the  place. 

Sale  op  Ekorayikgs. 

A  collection  of  engravings,  the  property 
of  Mr.  John  Serjeant,  which  was  sold  by 
auction  by  Messrs.  Southgate,  Grimston, 
aud  Wells,  Feb.  93,  and  four  following 
days,  obuined  very  large  and  almost  unpre- 
cedented prices.  They  consisted  mostly  of 
engravers'  proofs,  and  were  eitlier  in  a  sin- 
gular or  uaique  state,  or  very  brilliant  im- 
pressions. We  have  room  to  enumerate 
ODiy  a  few  of  the  most  choice. — Portrait  of 
Thomas  Killegrew,  by  Faithorne,  4/.  1 4s,  6d, 
— John  Kersey,  by  do.  5/.  10<. — William 
de  Brisacier,  the  grey-headed  man,  by  Mas- 
son,  8/. — ^The  Three  Trees,  by  Rembrandt, 
7/  Ss. — St.  John,  after  Dominichino,  by 
Muller,  1808,  61.  I  Or. — Pope  Leo  X.  after 
Raffaelle,  by  Lignon,  5/. — Nature,  afier  Sir 
T.  Lawrence,  by  George  T.  Doo,  4/.  S«.— 
St.  Cecilia,  by  Wm.  Sharp,  before  letters, 
il.  \7s.  6d. — Hon.  Mr.  Lajnbton,  by  Sir  T. 
Lawrence,  proof  before  writing,  6/.— Holj 
Familv,  by  dharp,  from  Reynolds,  S/.  7*.— 
Holy  Family,  after  Raffaelle,  by  Richomme, 
8/.  8«.~ Another,  67.  lbs. — Maooalika 
PRAYING,  after  Murillo,  by  Morghio,  proof 
before  letters,  16/.  Fine  impression,  with 
letters,  9/.  lis.  6d — La  Petite  Ecoliere,  bj 
Wille,  81.  4«.— Les  Bons  Amb,  by  Wille» 

froof  before  arms  or  inscription,  lOL  5i.— 
nstruction  Pkternelle,  by  ditto,  4/.  I  Is. — Hb 
Menagere  HoUaodoise,  proof  befi>re  inscrip- 
tion, 61.  lbs, — His  Tricotrose  Holland- 
OfSE,  proof,  16/.  \6s. — Ditto,  with  lettering, 
9/.  1  2m.  6<f.-— St.  John,  the  Madonna,  and 
Dead  Christ,  after  Vandyck,  by  Schiavo- 
netti,  5/.  1 9J.  6d. — Dutch  Couruhip,  after 
Oatade,  by  J.  Vigscher,  SL  Ss, — Portrait  of 
Dr.  Hunter,  after  Reynolds,  by  Sharp,  5/. — 


Fine  Arts.^Literary  end  Scientific  Intelligence.       [Marcft, 


252 

CiURi-nl*  *WD  Tm  DuKi  o?  Hamiitoh, 
by  Sir  Robert  Strange,  after  Vandyck,  proof 
before  letters,  14^.    Ditto,  with  the  open 
letters,  4l.  6s.     Another,  Si.  1 55.^-Crossiog 
the  Red  Sea,  after  Danby,  by  Phillips,  en- 
graver's proof,  6i.— The  Pope,  after  L*w- 
rence,  by  Cousins,  first  state,  with  address 
of  Sir  T.  Lawrence,  bl.  l&s.    Ditto,  with 
address  of  W.  B.  Tiffin  as  publisher,  3l.  lOS, 
— La  Madona  di  S.  Sisto,  by  Mnller, 
1  bl.  65.— The  Deluge,  by  Martm,  engraver's 
proof,  9/.  9s.— Portrait  of  George  IV.  after 
Lawrence,  by  Fmden,  uncommonly  brilliant 
proof,  UL  OS.  6d. — Wolf  and  the  Lamb, 
srfter  Mnlre»dy,  by  Robson,  proof  before 
letters,  61.  6s.    Ditto,  with  letters,  4l.  bs. 
— Da  Vinci's  Last  Supper,  bv  Morghen, 
one  of  the  first  fifty,  with  the  haodwrrting 
of  <<  R.  Morghen,"  90/.    Ditto,  unfinished 
proof,  4t  6s. — Coole's  and  Turner's  South- 
em  Coast,  eighty  proofi   before    letters, 
371.  ie5.--WilkieU  Jew's  Harp,  by  Bur- 
net, before   letter  H  to  Colna^i,  lOl. — 
His  Bluid  Fiddler,    by  ditto,  firet  state, 
lit.  1«J. — His  Rent  Day,  by  Raimbach, 
132.  ISs.— Hit  Village  Politician,  by  ditto, 
ISL   lOs. — ^The  woilcs  of  Wodlett  were 
proved  to  be  in  high  estimation ;  the  re- 
mainder are  all  his  : — Morning  and  Evening, 
after  Swanevelt,  82.  85. — Portrait  of  George 
in.  bl.  lbs. — Landscape,  after  Laracci,  9/. 
—The  Enchanted  Castle,  after  Claude,  7L 
— Four   Shooting    Pieces,   prooft,    I2l. — 
Peno's  Treaty  with  the  Indians,  before  the 
letters,  5/.  155. — ^The  Premium  Landscapes, 
before    lettersy    142.    55. — Landscape   with 
Apollo  and  Seasons,  after  Wilson,  172.— 
Battles  of  la  Hague  and  the  Boyne,  72.  55. 
—The  S^nish  Pointer,  10/.  lOs.— Death 
OP    General    Wolfe,     18/.     185.— The 
Fishery,  SI 2.;   another  proof,  16/.  105j 
and  a  print,  52. — Roman  edifices  in  ruins, 
1 21.  bs. ;  another,  82.  85. — Landscape,  after 
Puussin,    10/.    105. — Cicero  at  his   Villa, 
Id/.  105. — Landscape,  after  Pillement,  7/. 
— The  Haymakers,  7/.— Phaeton,  SL  lbs. 
— Niobe,  10/.  105.;  ditto,  a  print,  5/.  155. 
— Meleager    and   Atalanta,  8/.  j  another, 
'72. 105. — Landscape,  with  sacrifice  to  Apollo, 
the  Altieri  Claude,  132.;  another,  5/.  10<. 
— ^The  total  produce  of  (he  sale  was  1  i47/.  65. 
a  sum  unprecedented  for  five  days  of  en- 
gravings. 


BriUorCs  Piaumqtti  Aniixiuittet  qf  th»  Eng' 
Hsk  CiHest  No.  K 
This  Number  contains  one  view  at  Glou- 
cester, Rodiester,  Hereford,  and  Durham ; 
and  two  Views  at  Norwich,  Bristol,  and 
Wells.  This  work  improves  as  it  proceeds. 
We  are  highly  pleased  with  the  views  of 
Bristol,  particularly  the  Wet  Dock.  The 
general  view  of  Wells  is  also  a  eharmiqg 
print.  Nor  must  we  omit  the  clever  inters 
nal  view  of  Rochester  Castle.  All  diese 
are  drawn  by  an  ingenious  young  draftsman, 
Mr.  W.  H.  Bartlett. 

Panorama  of  the  Thames^  from  Loadm  to 
Richmond,  aeeompattied  wUh  a  Descfim- 
Hon  of  the  most  rewutrkahk  Places.  Leigh. 
We  have  here  a  cheap,  novel,  beantiftil, 
and  gretifyms  publicaUon ;  no  less  than  m 
view  of  the  whole  scenery  on  both  banks  of 
4he  rivef  Thames,  from  LondQn  tor  Rich- 
mond.   It   was   impossible  to  kXkm  ih/& 
windinp  or  preserve  the  width  of  the  river. 
The  seenery  is  therefore   npctteated   kk 
straight  lioaa,  as  it  eppean  to  fkm  epeetator 
paashig  up  the  centre  of  the  rivtr.    Eveiy 
4>bject  is  distinctly  seen,  and  the  nanea  nif 
tbe  places,  and  tlie  owaen  Af  the  laaU  aad 
plaoee  of- business  inscribed  on  eadi.    lis 
minnteness  of  detail  is  astonishing.    Bvnnr 
parson  Itvii^  on  tbe  banks  of  the  river  will 
easily  discover  wba)  is  most  interesting  to 
himself.    This  Panorama  must  prove  a  4e- 
lightftil  companion  to  aU  those  who  make 
an  aquatic  enoniaton  to  Richmond.    Pre- 
fixed to  the  same  neat  portfolio,  is  an  ex- 
cellent   panoramic  view  of  London,  ably 
ettihed  and  aqoatinted  by  Mr.  CUrk,  drawn 
horn  tbe  Adelphi,  which  commands  as  large 
n  portion  of  the  metropolis,  and  as  msuj 
inteMsiing  objecta,  as  can  perfaapa  be  bro^^ 
■Into  view  in  any  one  given  spot. 

SociBTT  OP  British  Artisti. 

The  Seventh  annual  Exhibition  of  this 
Society  was  opened  March  tO,  tut  a  private 
view.  The  collection  is  well  anmnged,  and 
the  whole,  we  think,  is  equal  if  not  superi(»r 
to  any  previous  exhibition  of  the  same  So- 
ciety. The  Landscapes  are  numerous  and 
particularly  interesting,  the  portraits  goody 
and  the  nmcy  and  miscellaneons  snUecia, 
both  dnwings  and  paintings,  highlij  re- 
spectable. 


LITERARY  AND  SCIENTIFIC  INTELLIGENCE. 


Preparing  for  Publicatum. 

Pcaotioal  Sermons,  preached  in  Dublin, 
by  the  late  Dr.  Graves,  Dean  of  Armqgh. 

A  new  Edition  of  Mr.  FABxa'a  «<  Diffi- 
culties of  Romanism,*'  entirely  re-written 
and  much  enlarged. 

Four  Discourses  :  On  the  Extent  of  the 
'Sacrifice  of  Christ ;  On  the  Nature  of  that 


Faith  whidi  secures  the  Bloaaiqg  nf  Re- 
demption; On  Christian  Aasumneai  and 
Un  the  Sealing  of  the  HoW  Spirit.  % 
W.  Hiu. 

A  new  Edition  of  the  Hon.«id  Bar. 
Gerard  T.  Noel*!  Sermona. 

A  Statement  of  the  Natna  and  O^aoli 
of  tbe  Coarse  of  Study,  in  tl»  Qtaa  W 


Liierary  and  Sdemlific  InielUgenet^ 


1830.] 


La^  Mui  Um  PhUoMfihy  of  ik*  Hi 
Mind,   in  th«  Uoivtrtily  of  LmidDB.     Bf 
the  K*v.  JoHW  Hofpvt,  A.M. 

Problemt  in  tko  tflffofvnt  Bfaooket  of 
Philosophy,  ftdapud  to  th«  Covne  of  Re«l- 
iog  portueirl  fai  tb«  Uolverticy  of  CABibridct» 
collecMd  Mid  MTon^  bj  (ho  Rov.  M. 
Bland,  D.D.,  F.R.S. 

Oa  th«  CftuMt  which  hovo  ioiueaeod  tin 
DmUoo  of  Sduftoe  in  EogUiHi.  By  Mr. 
Bamagc 

Th«  firtt  Volnmo  of  a  Treatiao  on  Opiaot, 
cootainiag  the  Theory  of  iai|iolanMd  Light. 
By  the  Rer.  U.  Lxoyd. 

Four  Yeare'  Residtnct  in  the  West  Indies. 
lUustrated  hy  levea  Lithographie£ogrATian. 
By  F.  W.  N.  Bayiy. 

The  Village  and  Cottage  Floriat's  Di- 
xeetory*    By  Jamis  Main,  AX.S. 

"  The  Armeniane/*  the  Scene  of  which 
is  laid  on  the  Banka  of  the  Bosphoroa.  By 
Mr.  Mac  FAftLAVft. 

JuU  PmtUshed,  or  Nforly  Ready, 

EataYs  on  the  Lives  of  Cowper,  NewtOBf 
and  Heber ;  or  an  Eaamination  of  the  Evi- 
dence of  the  Course  of  Nature  being  in- 
tarmpted  hy  Divine  Govemanent. 

Tlie  Three  Tenu>les  of  the  one  true  God 
contrasted.  By  the  Rev.  S.  Hinds,  Vice- 
Principal  of  St.  Alban'i  Hall,  Oxford. 

The  Revenoes  of  the  Church  of  England. 
By  Geo.  CoYENTHY,  Author  of  *'  An  Inquiry 
relative  to  Junius." 

The  Last  Days  of  Bishop  Heber.  By  the 
Rev.  T.  RoBiNioNf  A.M.  Archdeacon  of 
Madras. 

Part  lAll.  of  DuoDALi's  ** Monasdcoo," 
being  the  first  of  the  Index.  The  Second, 
including  Pre&ce,  &c  will  complete  the 
work. 

Paaorazna  of  the  Maine,  from  Mayeocc  to 
Frankfort ;  drawn  from  nature.  By  F.  W. 
Dblkeskamp,  accompanied  with  a  description 
of  the  places  oa  each  bank  of  the  Rhrer,  and 
a  minute  account  of  Frankfort. 

Panoramic  View  of  the  most  remarkable 
objects  in  Switxeiland»  taken  from  Mount 
Righk  By  Henry  Kbllir.  To  which  is  at- 
tested a  circular  View  of  Switxerland,  from 
th«!  same  station.  Bv  General  Ppypper. 

The  0th  Vol.  of  British  Entomology.  By 
J.  Curtis,  F.L.S. 

VoL  I.  of  the  National  Portrait  Gallery ; 
containing  S6  highly  finished  Portraiu  of 
Illustrious  and  Minent  Individuals  of  the 
19th  Century.  Edited  bj  W.  Jbidan,  Eaq. 
F.S.A.  8ce.  &c. 

Tales  of  ScoCtiah  Life  and  Charactrr. 

On  the  Nature  and  Properties  of  the  Sugar 
Cane  ;  with  practical  directions  for  Improv- 
ing iu  Culture.  By  0.  R.  PoRTta. 

On  the  EffecU  of  the  Ute  Colonial  Policy 
of  Great  Brilaia.  By  Mr.  Barcuiy,  aathor 
of  ••  Tha  PMant  Stale  of  Slavery  ia  iha 
West  Indies." 

A  OiaJcal  RcfMHt  of  the  Royal  Dispta- 


^65 


sary  lor  Diseaaee  of  tha  Ear  firom  1816  to 
IMOtContaiaiag  an  Attcaant  of  tha  Number 
of  PatieaU  admitted,  &a.  By  Mr.  CtiRTii, 
Sargaoa  Aarist. 

Tlie  Reproof  of  Bratva.  By  the  AntlMr 
of  <*  The  Revolt  of  the  Beea.^'  Tba  tilk 
aa  euggaaled  bv  the  Shade  of  Bratua  ap- 
paariag  to  the  Irish  Abeeotaea  at  Room. 

ThreeCoarsesandaPcaeeri.  With  fi% 
Eagraviaga,  from  original  Drawiaga.  By 
Gboaob  Cruikbbank.  ' 

Raauli^  de  Rohaia  :  a  Romaace  of  tha 
twelfih  Century.  By  the  Author  of  «  Tal« 
of  a  Voyager  to  the  Arctic  Ocean." 

Derwentwater :  aTaleof  1716. 


ROTAL  SociiTY. 

March  4.  D.  Gilbert,  esq.  President,  ia 
the  Chair.— A  paper,  written  by  the  Prasi- 
<lent,  waa  read,  *<  On  tha  ptagreeeive  Im- 
provemente  made  ia  the  Eflieieacy  of  Staaa- 
Eogiaes  in  Corawall,  with  lavaetigatioaa  af 
the  Methods  bast  adanted  for  imparting 
great  aagrolar  Valoeitiea.  Ahtr  whicL  soon 
▼alaable  books  were  piaecaled  to  tha  Society^ 
aad  eaverai  new  members  elected. 

March  II.  The  following  papers  were 
read : — **  An  experimental  Intpiiry  relative 
to  the  Pobrication  d  Heat,"  by  the  Rev. 
Badea  Powell,  M.A.,  F.R.S.  of  Oriel  Col- 
lege,  aad  Saviliaa  Profeeeor  of  Qaometry  ia 
the  Uatversity  of  Oxford ;  ««  Oa  the  Ptoadu- 
Jum,"  by  S.  W.  Lobbock,  Eeq.  F.R.S. 

March  1 8.  The  papers  read  this  evenlag 
were— «  Oa  the  Electricity  of  Threads  of 
GUss,  with  sonae  of  the  moat  useful  applica- 
tions of  this  property  to  varioos  kinds  of 
Torsion  Balances,"  by  W.  Ritchie,  ce(|. 
Rector  of  the  Royal  Academy  of  Tain; 
"  On  the  Theoretical  Investigation  of  tha 
Velocity  of  Sound,  as  corrected  from  M.  Du*> 
long's  recent  Experimenta,  compared  widi 
the  results  of  the  obearvatiooa  uf  Dr.  Mola 
and  Dr.  Von  Bech,"  by  Dr.  Simronos,  As- 
sistant of  the  Observatory  of  the  University 
of  Utrecht.  Communicated  by  Capt.  Katar. 

MaDico-BorANiCAL  Society. 

March  9.  The  Preeideat,  Eari  Stanhope, 
in  the  Chair. — Previooe  to  the  minutes 
being  read,  notice  was  given  that,  at  tJia 
next  gtneral  meeting,  a  propoaitioa  woald 
be  Hsade  relative  to  the  appointoMat  of  a 
Profsseor  of  Chemistry,  aa  also  to  the  de- 
fining the  seversl  duties  of  tha  ranaetiva 
Pra^ora.  The  Dreeante  of  books  havii^ 
been  anooonoed,  Maasn.  Etarett  and  Dun- 
can were  ballottad  for,  and  declared  daly 
elected  FeMows  of  the  Society ;  and  Meters. 
Jenkins,  Delafbns,  Will'.ch,  8cc.  were  ad- 
mitted. A  naper  o«  the  Tocreum  Mamm, 
aad  a  Tkanaktioo  (firom  the  **  Journal  de 
Pharmacia"}  of  M.  Soobarla'e  notica  of 
Dr.  HaoeaeVe  <<  Raaurks  oa  the  Saraapa- 
rilb,"  aa  published  in  the  bst  number  af 
tha  Sacktf  a  «<  Tmaeactioae/'  vara  laad. 


854 


Literary  and  ScieHlific  Intelligence. 


[March* 


CiMBBiDGB,  March  5. 

The  followio^  U  the  subject  for  the  an- 
nuel HuUeen  rrize:— "On  the  Futility  of 
Attempts  to  represent  the  Miracles  record- 
ed in  the  Scripture,  as  Effects  produced  in 
the  ordinary  course  of  Nature." 

The  aahjects  for  the  Latin  Prose  compo- 
sition are, — For  the  Bachelors— "Quan- 
tum roomenti  ad  studium  ret  Theologicse 
promovendum,  habeat  literarum  humania- 
Tum  cultus?"  For  the  Uodei^raduates — 
"  Quae  sit  forma  TloXiruac^  ad  Grsciae  re- 
nascentis  stature  optim^  accommndata  ?" 

It  is  intended  that  a  second  Seatonisn 
prize  of  40Z.  shall  this  year  be  awarded, 
should  any  poem  be  considered  worthy  of  a 
second  prize.  Subject — "The  Ascent  of 
Elijah." 

Mr.  Ord*s  MSS. 

In  our  Magazine  for  last  Jiily>  p.  65,  we 
gave  some  account  of  the  high  prices  pro- 
duced by  the  portion  then  sold  of  the  li- 
brary of  MSS.  belonging  to  Craven  Ord, 
Esq.  F.S.A.  A  second  portion,  sold  on  the 
S9th  of  January  last,  was  not  less  favourably 
received.  The  following  were  among  the 
most  remarkable  articles.  An  extensive 
collection  of  Northamptonshire  deeds,  36/. 
155. — Book  of  Wardrobe  stuff  at  Windsor, 
t.  Hen.  VIII.,  61.  (Mr.  Palgrave).— Ward- 
robe Warrants  from  10  to  80  Eliz.,  7L  7s, 
"-Volume  containing  the  negociations  of 
Sir  Henry  Unton,  as  Ambassador  in  France, 
1591-2,  14^  35.  6d. — A  long  roll  of  Scrip- 
ture Chronology  and  Genealogy,  in  Englisu, 
of  the  14th  century,  with  pictures  of  the 
Jewish  kings,  &c.  SZ.  165.  (Rodd.) — A  still 
more  ancient  and  curious  roll,  containing  the 
"  Geoealogie  des  Roys  d'Angleterre,"  with 

{>ictures  of  the  kings  on  their  thrones,  and 
leads  of  their  younger  sons :  it  commences 
with  Athclstan  (but  appears  to  have  lust  an 
earlier  skin  or  skins),  and  ends  with  Henry 
III.;  bLSs.  (Rodd). — Liber Garderobae,  85 
Edvr.  I.  54/.  105.  and  that  for  39  £dw.  I. 
56/.  105.  These  two  lots  were  secured  (we 
know  not  whether  to  ssy  happily  secured, 
at  so  extravagant  and  disproportionate  a 
price,)  for  the  British  Museum.— Compotus 
Nichulai  de  Heigate,  being  Accounts  of  Ed- 
ward II.  in  Duchy  of  Aquitaine,  56/.  105. — 
Liber  Receptorum  in  Garderoba,  17  Edw. 
II.  27/.  65. — Compotus  Nicholai  de  Tick- 
hull,  of  works  at  Palace  of  Westminster  and 
the  Tower,  5  Edw.  II.  73/.  105. — House- 
hold book  of  George  Duke  of  Clarence, 
1488;  this  being  only  a  transcript  (of  the 
Age  of  £li74il>eth)  sold  for  3/.  65.— A  volume 
of  Navy  accounts  temp.  Henry  VI.  43/.  15. 


—  A  volume  of  135  Treasury  warraata  t. 
Henry  VIII.  41/.  95.  6c/.— Privy-purse  Ex- 
penses of  Henry  VH.  from  1503  to   1506, 
20/.  95.  6</.— Ditto   1505-6,  J  7/.  65.  6d, — 
Ditto  of  Henry  Vin.  from  1510  to  I&I89 
33/.  15. — Ordnance  Accounts  firom  1547  t« 
1553,  10/.  55. — Expenses  of  the  interment 
of  Henry  VH.  1 1/.  O5.  6(/«— Escheat-mlla  of 
Norfolk  and  Suffolk,  9  Hen.  VII.  16L     A 
great  proportion  of  the  collection  was  foiv 
roerly   in    the   collection   of  J.  Martin   of 
Thetford,  and  this  MS.  and  three  others 
were  sold  in  one  lot  for  ttoeloe  shillings,'" 
Escheat  Rolls  of  Norfolk  and  Suffolk,  18 
and  14  Hen.  VIII.   16/.  1 65.— Registry  of 
Thetford  Priory  from  38  Edv.  IV.  to  1540» 
15/. — A  very  large  quantity  of  small  ancient 
deeds  was  sold  m  bags ;  there  were  about 
30  lots,  which  produced  from  3/.  to  8/.  eaclr. 
But  the  most  singular  and  perhi^  voiqoe 
article,  was  a  collection  of  impressions  of 
sepulchral  brasses,  pasted  down  on  blue  nttf 
per,  and  bound  in  two  volumes  of  six  reet 
in  height ;  they  were  purchased  by  Tborpe 
the  bookseller   for    43/.  15.  —  We    under- 
stand tliat  a  considerable   portion  of  the 
MSS.  sold  both  at  this  and  the  former  sale 
are  now  added  to  the  lar/^e  collection  of  Sir 
Thomas  Phillipps,  Bart.  F.S.A. 

RipON  Minster. 

The  liberal  assistance  which  the  present 
worthy  and  active  Dean  of  Ripon,  and  his 
Chapter,  have  received  towards  the  repair  of 
the  beautiful  Minster  entrusted  to  their  care, 
hss  induced  them  to  submit  the  entire  state 
of  the  building  to  the  inspection  of  Edward 
Blore,  Esq.,  a  gentleman  who  has  deservedly 
attained  a  high  eminence  for  his  knowledge 
in  that  style  of  architecture  which  so  pecu- 
liarly marks  our  ecclesiastical  edifices.  Mr. 
Blore's  Report  states  that  he  is  of  opinion 
it  will  cost  3096/.  to  put  the  building  In.  a 
substantial  state  of  repair ;  and  he  then  enu- 
merates various  restorations  and  improve- 
ments, which  would  give  to  the  interior  an 
uniform  and  consistent  character.  These 
restorations  he  estimates  at  8785/.  making 
a  total  of  5881/.  We  rejoice  to  see  that 
the  subscription  is  headed  by  the  Aim.  of 
York,  500/.;  that  Mrs.  Laurence  of  Stod- 
ley  Park  has  contributed  the  same  mnnifi- 
cent  donation  ;  and  that  more  than  8000/. 
are  already  subscribed.  We  heartily  recom- 
mend the  affluent  thus  to  dispose  of  a  por- 
tion of  their  abundance;  well  satisfied  as 
we  are,  that  whatever  is  done  will  be  done 
effectually  and  creditably  to  all  parties  eon* 
nected  with  the  restoration  of  this  terj 
beautiful  Minster. 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 

Society  of  Antiquaries. 
Frt,  35.     H.  Gurney,  Esq.  V.  P.  in  the 
Cliair. 

J.  H.  Murkland,  Esq.  F.S.A.  communi- 


cated a  fac-simile  of  an  inscription  lately 
discovered  on  a  chimney-piece  m  the  third 
floor  of  the  Governor's  residence  in  the 
Tower  of  London.    It  is  in  Roman  captttUs^ 


1830.] 


Antiquarian  Hetearches. 


355 


and  cocDinerooratcf  tlie  sccoimI  of  th«  three 
imprUoomenu  (all  of  which  were  for  ma- 
trimonial matters)  of  Margaret  Couotets  of 
Leoox,  granddaughter  of  Kin^  Henry  the 
Seventh,  and  grandmother  of  King  James 
the  First.  It  states  that  the  Couoteaa  was 
'^comytede  prysner  to  thys  lofiyngey"  on 
the  90th  of  June,  156*5,  '*  fur  tne  mar'ege 
of  her  Sonne,  my  Lord  Henry  Darnle,  and 
the  Quene  of  Scotland.*'  It  also  records 
the  names  of  the  several  persons  '*  that  Joe 
wayte  vpon  her  noble  Grace,  in  thys  plase,'* 
and  has  the  date  1 56*6  annexed.  On  a  cor- 
responding stone  to  that  containing  the 
statement,  and  apparently  inscribed  by  ano- 
ther hand,  b  a  verse  of  four  lines,  expres- 
sive of  resignation  and  pious  cunSdence.— 
It  will  be  recollected  tliat  many  of  the  pri- 
soners* inscriptions  which  remain  in  the  se« 
veral  apertooents  of  the  Tower,  were  first 
printed  in  the  thirteenth  volume  of  the 
Arch«ologia.     Some  of  them  are  there  en- 

Sived,  aa  are  all  the  most  iutrrcsting  in 
y ley's  History  of  the  national  fortress. 

A  cooimunioatlon  was  also  read  from 
John  Bruce,  Esq.  being  a  summary  of  the 
evideaoe  relating  to  the  claim  of  King 
Henry  the  Eightn  to  be  considered  as  the 
author  of  the  book  against  Luther  which 
bears  his  name.  This  inquiry  is  directly 
illustrative  of  Mr.  Aroyot*s  recent  commu- 
nication of  the  conversation  which  |}assed 
between  George  Constantine  and  the  Dean 
of  Wesibury. 

The  following  gentlemen  were  announced 
as  Auditors  of  the  Society's  accounts  for 
tlie  present  year  : 

Geo.  Fred.  Barnwell,  Esq. 
J.  H.  Merivale,  Esq. 
Sir  Geo.  Thns.  Suunton,  Bart. 
Cdl.  Benj.  Chas.  Stevenson. 

March  4.  Wm.  Hamilton,  Esq.  V.P.  in 
the  Chair. 

Robert  Swan,  Esq.  principal  Registrar  to 
the  diocese  of  Lincoln ;  Edgar  Taylor,  Esq. 
of  the  Inner  Temple ;  and  Cliarles  Kemble, 
Esq.  of  Covent-garden  Theatre,  were  elect- 
ed Fellows  of  the  Society. 

Mr.  Samuel  Woodward,  of  Norwich,  ex- 
hibited a  brass  instrument,  found,  witii  some 
celts,  at  Fmtney  Common,  Norfolk,  oppo- 
site Narburgh  camp.  It  coostsu  of  a  cir- 
cular ring,  about  5  inches  diameter,  fixed 
to  a  spike ;  wlitch  is  supposed  to  have 
been  fixed  in  a  handle.  lu  use  is  unknown  ; 
but  it  b  conjectured  to  have  been  part  of  a 
standard.  A  similar  instrument  b  in  the 
Brituh  Museum  among  the  antiquities  from 
Poro|»eii  i  and,  we  understand,  a  third  b  in 
the  possession  of  Mr.  Tyson  of  Wimbledon. 

Nlr.  Woodward  also  communicaud  a  i»ian 
of  some  vaulu  in  the  chalk  near  St.  Giiee'e 
GaCe,  Norwich,  discovered  in  sinking  a  we!l 
Dec.  9a,  1883  ;  but  since  closed  up.  Some 
similar  excavations  in  anotlier  quarter  of 
Norwich  were  described  in  the  Philosophi- 
cal Transaetione  of  March  1748;  and  they 


were  by  some  considered  as  quarries,  and  by 
others  as  places  of  cuucealraent.  Mr.Wooil- 
ward  considers  them  to  have  been  burrnwej 
for  the  pur(>ose  of  collecting,  not  the  chalky 
but  the  flints,  nhich  were  employed  in  some 
of  the  finest  buildings  formerly  erected  in 
Norwich.  In  one  of  the  allies  is  mscribed 
the  name  of  **  John  Bond,  1 57 1 ." 

Thomas  Duffus  Hardy,  Esq.  F.S.A.  exhi- 
bited the  matrix  of  a  seal  found  in  a  wall  at 
Dunwich  some  years  ago.  It  b  of  lead, 
oval  in  shape  (sj  by  l|  inches),  and  repre- 
sents, rudely  engraved,  a  double  or  patriar- 
chal cross  between  two  keys :  with  the  le- 
gend,     SIOILLVM     P&NITBNCURII     IBROSOL'. 

Of  the  officers  called  Penitentiarii,  it  ap- 
pears that  there  were  five  principal  fuoc- 
tiontries;  who  took  their  styles  from  the 
churches  of  Rome,  Alexandria,  Antioch, 
Constantinople,  and  Jerusalem  :  to  the  last 
of  whom  this  seal,  the  age  of  which  is  about 
the  beginning  of  the  thirteenth  century, 
must  have  belonged. 

A.  J.  Ken  pe,  Esq.  F.S.A.  submitted  to 
the  iuspcction  of  the  Society,  drawings  by 
the  late  C.  A.  Stothard,  F.S.A.  from  some 
ancient  portraits  on  panel  remaining  in  the 
Baston  Manor  House,  Hayes  Common, 
near  Bromley  in  Kent,  the  residence  of  Sa- 
muel Ward,  Esq.  The  drawings  were  ac- 
companied bv  a  communication  from  Mr. 
Kempe,  in  which  he  stated  that  the  paint- 
ings were  probably  intended  to  commemo- 
rate the  conquests  of  Atlielstan,  the  Saxon 
Monarch,  over  the  Kings  of  Scotland  and 
Wales.  The  panels  were  unfortunately  in  a 
mutilated  state,  so  that  all  the  figures  paint- 
ed on  them  could  not  be  appropriated  with 
certainty.  One,  however,  was  intended  for 
Athelstan,  as  it  wore  a  royal  robe  powdered 
with  golden  ^*s,  and  as  an  inscription  un- 
derneath assigned  it  to  that  monarch,  briefly 
describing  his  deeds.  Mr.  Kempe  took  oc- 
casion to  observe  on  the  very  early  practice 
of  painting  historical  subjects  in  oil,  on  the 
waiofcotted  or  lambruscaUd  apartments  of 
persons  of  distinction,  and  quoted  documeola 
to  show  that  it  must  have  obtained  as  early 
as  the  thirteenth  century.  He  remarked 
that  in  the  fifteenth  century  tapestry  came 
into  use,  and  that  the  representation  of  his- 
torical subjects  was  continued  sgreeably  to 
the  former  usage,  on  that  mode  of  decom- 
tion.  Mr.  Kempe  incidentally  introduced 
some  observations  on  the  use  of  eiuthen 
vessels  as  wine-cups  previouslv  to  the  gene- 
ral employment  of  class.  These,  he  said, 
were  usually  adorned  with  moral  sentences, 
scripture  subjects,  or  figures  emblematical 
of  some  of  the  cardinal  virtues.  One  of 
tliese  CUDS  has  been  depicted  in  oar  Maga- 
zine (or  March  1897. 

March  II.  H.  Hallam,  Esq.  V.P.  in  the 
Chair. 

Richard  Edward  Kerrich,  Esq.  sob  of  the 
late  libmriMi  to  the  Uotversity  of  Ca«- 


356 


Antiquarian  Researches. 


[March, 


bridgei  and  benefactor  to  the  Sooiety,  was 
elected  Fellow. 

T.  Croftou  Croker,  Esq.  F.S.A.  eommn- 
nicated  a  cursory  account  of  some  exteusive 
and  hitherto  scarcely  noticed  Druidical 
works  in  the  county  of  Limerick,  the  prin- 
cipal of  which  are  situated  about  ten  miles 
south  of  Limerick  on  the  road  to  Cork,  but 
the  connecting  parts  of  which  extend  over  a 
track  of  country  ten  miles  in  circumference. 
There  is  one  circle  of  65  stones,  another  of 
79,  and  others.  Mr.  Croker's  communication 
was  accompanied  by  several  drawings ;  and  we 
trust  it  may  lead  to  a  further  investigation 
of  remains,  which  appear  to  be  of  almost 
unexampled  extent. 

March  18.     Mr.  Gumey  in  the  Chair. 

Isaac  Lyon  Goldsmkl,  Esq.  F.  R.S.  of 
Dulwich-hill  House,  was  elected  Fellow. 

Three  papers  were  read.  The  first  was  by 
Lord  Viscount  Mahon,  on  the  Violet  of  the 
ancients,  which  his  Lordship  showed  by  va- 
rious quotations  to  be,  not  the  modern  vio- 
let, but  the  Iris,  and  which  is  still  known 
by  the  name  of  Viola  in  Sicily. 

The  second  was  a  letter  from  William 
Knight,  Esq.  Architect  of  the  London 
Bridge  works,  describing  the  appearance  of 
the  original  structure  as  disclosed  on  the 
partial  destruction  of  the  two  arches  which 
were  removed  in  1 836  and  1827 ;  and  which 
was  further  illustrated  by  three  drawings. 
It  appears  that  the  width  of  the  bridge 
built  in  1176  was  only  twenty  feet ;  on  the 
removal  of  the  houses  which  were  hung  to 
its  sides,  in  1752,  it  was  enlarged  to  the 
width  of  forty-five  feet.  The  mode  of  form- 
ing the  ancient  foundation  is  remarkable. 
An  enclosure  similar  to  a  modem  coffer- 
dam was  formed ;  but,  instead  of  the  water 
being  pumped  out,  it  was  forced  to  give 
place  to  masses  of  stone,  on  which,  when 
settled,  the  pier  was  erected.  From  this 
plan  originated  the  surlings.  Tlie  story 
told  by  Stow,  &c.  that  the  course  of  the 
river  was  turned,  is  rendered  the  less  pro- 
bable irom  the  plan  described,  as  well  as  by 
the  circumstance  of  so  long  a  period  as 
thirty-three  years  having  been  consumed  in 
the  erection  of  the  edifice. — Mr.  Knight 
exhibited  a  snuff-box  turned  from  a  piece  of 
the  oaken  piles. 

Henry  Ellis,  Esq.  Secretary,  communi- 
cated, from  the  Musgrave  MSS.  in  the  Bri- 
tish Museum,  an  account  of  some  expen- 
sive scarlet  liveries  made  in  1 604  for  the 
six  princiiMl  Masters  of  the  Royal  ships, 
the  same  having  been  before  an  annual  pro- 
vision in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth.  Mr.  Ellis 
attached  some  remarks  on  the  origin  of  the 
naval  uniform  of  this  country,  including  a 
very  interesting  communication  from  Ed- 
ward Hawke  Locker,  Esq.  F.R.S.  Secretary 
to  Greenwich  Hospital.  Among  various 
curious  particulars  it  appeared  that  the  first 
general  uniform  for  the  service  was  appoint- 
ed in  1748,  before  which  time  there  was 
considerable  variety,  sliii>s,  like  regiments, 


having  costumes  peculiar  to  tlieiiMel 
George  the  Second,  it  is  related,  thea 
lected  an  nnifbrm  of  blue  turned  up  witk 
white,  firom  admiration  of  the  riding  costtiflM 
of  the  Duchess  of  Bedford,  which  was  made 
of  those  colours.  This  regulation  is  not  on 
record,  but  is  referred  to  In  a  subaeqaeBt 
one  of  1757.  As  recently  as  about  1789, 
epaulettes  were  considered  as  pieces  of  dam* 
dyism.  Nelson,  in  particular,  though  a^ 
terwards  so  vain  of  his  stars  and  ordeni,  ia 
a  letter  written  at  that  period  from  Paris  to 
Mr.  Locker's  £sther,  declared  he  did  not 
choose  to  associate  with  two  English  offi- 
cers there  who  displayed  the  military  iSop- 
pery  of  epaulettes.  One  of  them  was  afkar- 
wards  his  intimato  friend  and  companion  in 
arms.  Sir  Alexander  Ball. 

March  96.  Mr.  Gumey  in  the  chair. 

Richard  Smlth,esq.ofLiiwrpoo],  M.R.S.Li. 
author  of  a  Tour  in  Denmark  and  the  North 
of  Europe,  1897,  was  elected  Fellow  t  and 
Francis  Joseph  Baron  de  Bretfeld  Chlumc- 
xansky,  Knt.  of  Malta,  Chamberlain  to  the 
Einperor  of  Austria,  an  Honorary  Fellow. 

The  reading  of  the  evening  consisted  of  a 
Disquisition  by  William  namper,  Esq. 
F.S.A.  on  the  member  of  architeotora  called 
an  Oriel ;  in  which  that  emdito  antiquary  has 
arranged,  in  a  novel  manner,  the  varioos 
opinions  which  have  been  promulgated  on 
the  signification  and  e^mology  of  tliat 
term;  and  proved,  by  a  copioos  sariea  of 
quotations  from  ancient  documtnta,  that  it 
was  applied  with  consideiable  latitndt.toa 
variety  of  erections,  which  Mr.  Hamper  din^ 
cussed  in  a  classification  of  seven  divisional 
1 .  a  pent-house,  or  covered  way ;  9.  a  poreh ; 
8.  a  detached  gate-house;  4.  a  chapel  or 
oratory;  6.  a  projecting  window  of  seve- 
ral sides ;  6.  an  upper  story  or  lof^ ;  7.  a 
gallery  for  minstrels.  Hu  notice  of  Ohriel 
College  fell  under  the  second  class;  the 
origin  of  its  name  being  aitribated  to  the 
porch,  which  it  is  probable  was  Uit  moit 
remarkable  feature  of  the  original  houas. 
At  the  head  of  such  «  oriels*'  is  to  be 
placed  the  magnificent  porch  of  Peterbo- 
rough Cathedral.  With  regard  to  "oriel 
window  "  Mr.  Hamper  has  not  found  any 
such  term  in  the  more  early  docameats,  al- 
though it  was  tlie  principal  object  of  his 
inquiry.  A  circular  or  bow  irindow  appears 
to  have  been  sometimes  termed  a  oompase  i 
oriel  windows  might  be  distinguished  by 
angles.  It  was  the  embowed  window  that 
formed  *<  my  lady's  bower."  In  condosion, 
Mr.  Hamper  remarked  that,  instead  of  pw- 
sumbg  to  eive  a  decided  opinion  on  the 
meriu  of  the  various  etymologies  already 
advanced  ia  this  much  disputed  term,  ha 
should  offisr  a  new  one,  suggested  frooi  a 
general  consideration  of  the  sigoificaUona 
above  enumerated,  and  derived  from  tha 
Saxon  over-hele, — to  cover  over,  whidh 
would  form  in  colloquial  language  **  o'er* 
hele,"  from  which  the  change  israr  less  ia 
sound  tlian  orthography. 


1830.] 


[    257    ] 


SELECT    POETRY. 


THE  BONNY  OAK. 

Btf   Hbnry   Brandrkth,    ;»n.   Author  qf 
*•  Tht  Garland"  6fc, 

QF  all  the  various  trees  that  fall 
Beneath  the  woodman's  hlow. 
Of  all  the  sUtely  fmes  and  ull 

Tliat  in  the  forest  grow  ; 
Thrre  *s  one  I  prize  *bove  all  the  rest, 

N(U  heed  the  raven't  ornate, 
F(*r  'tis  hy  deeds  of  glory  hiest — 

That  tree  *s  the  honny  Oak. 
Some  may  demur  and  choose  the  Fir, 

But  oh  !  he  nine  the  Oak  ! 

Tis  sweet,  wlieo  glnws  the  sultry  noon. 

To  sit  beneath  its  shade  ; 
Tie  sweett  when  shines  the  harvest  rooon. 

To  tread  the  forest  glade — 
For  whether  beauty's  smile  be  ours. 

Or  labour's  rustic  joke. 
Still  dear  to  ua  our  acorn  bowers. 

Still  dear  the  lordly  Oak. 

Thev  say  onr  glory's  in  eclipse, 

Vet  still  we  rule  the  waves  ; 
For  while  we're  oak  we'll  still  h^ve  ships— 

With  ships  we'll  ne'er  be  slaves  ! 
And  should  on  land  our  hopes  e'er  fail 

By  Fortune's  adverse  stroke ; 
Tis  *'  clear  the  deck,  and  fiirl  the  sail, 

And  trust  the  walls  of  Oak !" 

The  ray  of  valour's  ever  bright 

Where  England's  armies  roam ; 
But  deeds  of  equal  valour  light 

The  sailor's  ocean-home. 
Then  should,  where  Faroe  or  Freedom  calls, 

The  fue  our  wrath  provoke ; 
A  glass  to  Enslaod's  wooden  walls — 

God  bless  the  bonny  Oak ! 
Some  may  demur  and  choose  tlie  Fir, 

But  oh  !  give  me  the  Oak  ! 
Houghton  RfgUt  Jan,  1 5. 

ANTFQIITV. 

Cy^  !  Mk  not  why  I  love  to  roam. 

Through  gothic  aisles  and  ivied  courts. 
When  there  is  Melaoch«dy's  home ; 

Who  oft  to  some  lone  nook  resorts. 
With  sable  pall,  and  heavenward  eyes. 

To  raise  bright  visions  of  the  past  — 
Again  the  crosiered  banner  flies, 

Again  resounds  tlie  clarion's  blast. 

Tis  not  the  cold,  unconscious  dead, 

Tl)e  lover  o(  his  father's  land 
Adores,  whene'er  lie  bows  the  head 

To  mould'ring  shrines ;  or  loves  to  stand 
Where  noble  ashes  rest  below. 

Once  valour's  form,  or  beauty's  mould ; 
He  wouM  not  o'er  them  heedless  go. 

With  tearless  eyes,  and  heart  a-cold. 

Oh  !  'tis  another  life  to  lead, 
Beside  ihb  dreary  life  of  sense, 
GtMT.  Mag.  March,  1830. 


In  converse  with  the  mighty  dead, 

Whom  ages  flown  were  summon'd  hence; 

The  Svr  Kuight  shakes  bis  spear  again, 
To  lovely  Fancy's  credent  eye ; 

The  quire  breathe  forth  the  vesper  strain, 
Of  many  a  saiuted  century ! 

The  lofiy  pile  of  hoary  stone, 

Tlie  blazon *d  shieM,  the  dim  device. 
The  mere  material  f«>rm  alone. 

In  vain  my  fancy  would  enticf  ; 
But,  when  the  soul  stays  ling'ring  there. 

With  strange  and  magic  alchemy, 
Tlie  altar  l)earas  in  vista  fair. 

The  baron  girds  his  panoply. 

There  is  a  spirit,  all  our  own. 

To  breathe  o'er  ruin,  till  it  atart. 
In  glory  from  the  moss-grown  stone. 

And  every  stain  of  time  depart : 
The  monks  their  orisons  repeat — 

The  maii'd  cnisader  treads  the  hall — 
The  bow-men  'neath  the  greenewoode  meet. 

And  reveille  their  bugles  call. 

Oh  '.  why  this  sad,  yet  fond  delight, 

In  living  years  departed  o'er. 
Doth  Fancy  urge  her  tr'.cksoroe  flight. 

Or  hath  this  spirit  breathed  before  ? 
Or  doth  the  sympathy  sublime, 

Spring  from  a  source  that  ne'er  sliall  die. 
And  thus  o'er  e'en  the  death  of  time 

Reflect  its  immortality  ?  C. 


Irrrf^'lftr  Slamnt^  addressed  ly  the  Fm*raMe 
the  Touer  of  Ijondrm,  to  Messrs.  Briiton 
and  Bray  try  ^  Esquires,  F.AJ>.  6(e.  tec  on 
occasion  of  their  recent  Memoirs  of  the 
**  Tower  of  London,**  ifc. 

QENTLES,  the  blessings  of  time-hoDor'd 

On  you  and  yours  !  and  idle  fall  the  rage 
Of  that  fell  qfter'time,  that  stealing  comes, 
With  mining  steps  (insidious  and  slow) 
Sapping  foundations,   toppling  down  high 

domes. 
Where  centuries  had  learn'd  to  come  and  go. 
And  glory  rested,  as  on  earthly  homes  : 
Cliarm'd  he  2^our  leaves  against  the  traitorous 

foe,  ["**7  '^ry  g'o''  • 

And  'neath  his  murderous  scythe  still  greener 

Yes,  ye  have  struggled  naanfully  with  him, 
Who  gives  a  glory  like  a  gilded  snare ; 
Bidding  the  eye  be  bright — anon,  be  dim. 
Mocking  the  sunny  locks  with  silvery  hair  : 
And  ye  have  snatch'd  the  dry  booea  from 

his  lair. 
And  hade  them  once  again  be  aa  of  yore 
Revered  and  bonour'd,  loved  and  bent  before  : 
Thro*  cloiater'd  aislaa  Fame  hoots  Decay  and 

Care 
Whose  aign-poat  fingers  point  to  ye  wl  sad 

— beware  !  I.  A.  G. 


9 


[    958    ] 


[March; 


HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 


PROCEEDINGS    IN    PARLIAMENT. 


House  op  LoR08>Ff^.  18. 
Lord  Mellxmrne  iDtroduced  the  tubject 
of  the  relations  of  this  country  with  Por- 
tugal, in  a  speech  of  great  length ;  at  the 
conclusion  of  which,  his  Lordship  moved 
for  a  mass  of  papers,  including  copies  of  all 
correspondence  and  official  communications 
between  his  Majesty's  Government,  and  the 
British  Ambassador  at  Lisbon,  and  the  Ca- 
binets of  Austria,  France,  Spain,  and  the 
Brazils,  relating  to  the  question  between 
this  country  and  Portugal.  The  Earl  of 
Aberdeen  resisted  the  motion,  on  the  ground 
that  as  soon  as  Ministers  had  advised  his 
Majesty  as  to  the  course  he  should  pursue 
relative  to  Portugal,  all  the  necessary  docu- 
ments would  l>e  submitted  to  Parliament. 
The  Duke  of  IVeUington  defended  the  Ad- 
ministration against  the  statements  of  the 
Noble  mover.  The  Marquis  of  Lamdowne 
warmly  censured  the  conduct  of  Government, 
relative  to  the  transactions  at  Terceira.  On 
a  division,  the  motion  was  negatived  by  53 
to  21. 

House  of  Commons,  Feb,  19< 
In  a  Committee  of  Supply,  the  Chancellor 
qf  the  Exchequer  proceeded  to  state  the 
amount  of  the  reductions  which  Government 
intended  to  make  upon  the  Estimates.  The 
House,  he  observed,  would  not  forget  that 
the  Estimates  for  last  year  were  less  by 
nearly  200,000Z.  than  those  for  the  year 
preceding  ;  and  that  the  Estimates  of  1838 
were  less  by  500,0001.  than  those  for  1 837* 
The  Right  Hon.  Gentleman  proceeded  to 
remark  on  the  various  branches  of  the  pub- 
lic service  in  which  savings  were  proposed  to 
^  be  effected,  and  which,  in  round  numbers, 
may  be  concisely  stated  as  follows  : 

reductions  in  the 
Army  Estimates     .     .     .     .  ;^.3 13,000 

Extraordinary      ...  1 50,000 

Militia  Estimates    ....  65,000 

Commissariat 35,000 

Ordnance  Estimates     .     .     .  89,000 

Navy  Estimates       ....  375,000 

Miscellaneous  Estimates  .  376,900 

Interest  on  Exchequer  Bills  .  1 80,000 

Saving  in  Public  Offices    .     .  .  50,000 


Total  saving. .  £.  \ ,361 ,900 

The  Right  Hon.  Gentleman  concluded  by 
olwerving,  that  he  trusted  these  reductions 
would  afford  a  pledge  to  the  House  aod  the 
Country,  that  his  Majesty's  Ministers  were 
anxious  to  economise  as  far  as  possible.  Mr. 
Hume  contended,  that  a  reduciioo  of  two 
millions  mi3ht  have  been  made  iii  the  Army 


and  Ordnance  estimates ;  and  he  had  no 
doubt,  by  a  diligent  review  of  the  whola  ex- 
penditure, that  a  saving  of  six  millioas  and 
a  half  might  be  made,  which,  added  to 
the  surplus  revenue  of  two  millions  and  • 
half,  would  leave  an  ample  remabder  of  eight 
millions  for  the  public  service.  He  shoald 
certainly  propose  a  reduction  of  90,000  men 
from  the  army.  Lord  AUhorp  was  of  opi* 
nion,  that  the  proposed  reductions,  though 
greater  than  he  had  expected,  were  far  firotn 
sufficient,  and  would  be  of  no  effectoal  avail 
to  the  people.  No  subatantia)  relief  conld 
be  obtained  without  a  great  diminution  in 
Uxation.  Sir  E.  KnaiehbuU  was  of  the  same 
opinion  :  he  believed  it  impossible  the  coun* 
try  conld  bear  its  present  establishments. 
^lr.  PT.  Harton  contended,  that  the  disband- 
ing so  large  a  proportion  of  the  army,  and 
throwing  them  on  a  popoktion,  so  omhij  of 
whom  were  at  the  lowest  rate  of  wagea,  and 
so  many  others  out  of  employment  altoge- 
ther, would  only  increase  the  evil,  and  add 
to  the  pressure  on  the  labouring  clastet. 
Mr.  A.  Baring  feared,  that  the  proposed  in- 
ductions would  only  serve  to  cover  (he  defi- 
ciency within  the  year.  He  eonM  not  there- 
fore look  forward  with  any  leaMoaUe  hops 
of  an  amelioration  of  the  condition  f|^  Um 
country,  from  a  reduction  in  the  tiwlln«i 
Mr.  Maberly  had  no  hesitathm  in  ta]^, 
that  great  reduction  in  taxation  and  expen- 
diture might  take  place,  without  in  the  leMt 
degree  impairing  tne  public  ser^oe  j  and  he 
implored  the  House  to  refuse  the  estinwtety 
until  Ministers  promised  great  icdncCfons. 
The  House  then  resolved  itself  into  a  Com- 
mittee of  Supply. 

Sir  H,  Hardinge  brought  forward  the  Armt 
Estimates  in  detail,  during  which  he  stated 
that  great  reductions  iu  various  branohea  of 
the  military  expenditure  had  been  efiectld. 
In  the  staff  and  retired  allowances,  there 
had  been  a  saving  of  37,000/.  In  tlie  War- 
office  Department  and  Military  CoIIcm, 
there  had  been  a  saving  of  7699L  In  tbo 
half-pay,  there  bad  ^n  a  decrease  of 
35,000^ ;  by  late  regulations  there  wontd 
be  a  saving  of  64,000/.  in  the  allowance  to 
pensioners.  There  was  a  reduction  tbb 
year  of  313,000/.  The  Right  Hon.  Bnooet 
concluded  by  moving,  that  the  land  foreee* 
consisting  of  88,848  men,  be  maintained  for 
the  service  of  the  country.  CobmH  Dmries 
moved  as  an  amendment,  that  the  ettimatea 
should  onlv  be  taken  for  three  months,  to 
give  time  ror  a  further  enquiry  bv  a  Com- 
mittee. Mr.  Hobhouse  secmided  the  pro|N>- 
sition.  The  Chancellor  of  the  ExAtpier 
declined  to  state  foi  the  present^  to  whnk 


1830.] 


ProceedingtiH  the  preterit  Seuion  of  Parliameni', 


^B9 


mrttcular  parpOM  iha  propoMd  laving  would 
be  Appliedt  but  would  take  ike  evliett  poMi* 
ble  opportunity  of  iofonning  the  House  on 
the  tubject.  Lord  Pahnenton  was  not  dii- 
poeed  to  think  it  prmcticable  at  present  to 
reduce  the  military  establishments  lower 
than  was  propoied  by  Government.  Tlie 
House  at  length  dividexl  on  Colonel  Davies's 
amendment,  which  was  negatived  by  Si6  to 
93.  It  again  divided  on  the  motion  of  Mr. 
Hume  to  reduce  the  number  of  men  to 
76,164;  which  was  rejected  by  167  to  67. 
The  original  motion  was  then  agreed  to. 

Feb.  99.  On  the  motion  of  the  Chancellor 
pf  the  Exche«iuer,  the  House  resolved  itself 
into  a  Committee,  to  consider  of  a  further 
supply  to  be  granted  to  his  Majesty.  Sir 
Henry  Hardutfe  moved,  that  the  sum  of 
8,016,333/.  be  granted,  to  defray  the  charge 
of  the  land  forces,  for  the  year  1 830.  CoL 
Davits  said,  that  as  it  was  now  evident  tliat 
any  attempts  in  opposition  to  his  Majesty's 
Government  would  be  perfectly  unavailing, 
ha  should  oiFer  no  further  opposition  to  the 
Estimates,  and  cared  not  how  they  were 
voted.  Sir  Henry  Pamell  thought,  tliat 
reductions  might  be  effected  without  detri- 
ment to  the  public  service.  The  Marquis  of 
Blmm^firrd  protested,  at  this  time  of  pressing 
and  general  distress,  a|;ainst  his  Majes^  s 
Ministers  laying  sacrilegious  hands  upon  the 
property  of  the  people.  The  House  ought 
first  to  get  a  reduction  of  the  Taxes,  before 
they  granted  supplies,  to  enable  the  Govern- 
ment to  oppress  the  people  still  more.  Mr. 
Hunu  sMd,  he  saw  no  hopes  of  safety  to  the 
country,  unless  they  began  by  reducing  the 
military  establishment ;  and  after  some  in- 
flammatory observations,  the  Hon.  Member 
concluded  by  moving,  as  sn  amendment, 
that  the  sum  of  9,550,000/.,  being  the  ave- 
rage amount  of  tlie  grants  in  I  899  and  1 893, 
ahould  be  granted  for  the  service  in  question. 
Mr.  Peel  and  Sir  H.  Hanlwge,  severely  ani- 
madverted on  the  expressions  made  use  of 
by  Mr.  Hume  ;  and  after  some  observations 
from  different  members,  the  House  divided 
on  the  original  motion  :  for  the  motion,  I  SO  ,- 
against  it,  97.  Mr.  Hume  introduced  seve- 
ral other  amendments  to  the  various  Resolu- 
tions, which  were  severally  negatived  by 
considerable  minorities. 

The  Marquis  of  Chandos  brought  in  a  hill 
to  lessen  the  qualification  now  necessary  for 
tlM  purpose  of  sporting  ;  and  to  render  two 
magistrates  necessary  to  be  present  at  a 
conviction  under  the  Game  Laws. 

Feb.  93.  Lore/  John,  Rustel  moved,  that 
the  three  Orders  of  the  dav,  of  March  19, 
1891,  June  99,  1827,  and  Marchdl,  1898, 
relative  to  Bills  to  traasfor  the  elective  fran- 
chise from  boroughs  eonvicted  of  corruption, 
to  Leeds,  Birmingham,  and  Manchsster, 
should  be  entered  and  read.  His  Lordship 
then  moved,  for  leave  to  bring  in  a  Bill  to 
enable  these  towns  to  send  Representaiivt s 


to  this  House.  He  proposed  that  the  qwk- 
lificatioo  should  be  sooMwhere  between  ten 
and  twenty  pounds  a  vear.  He  trusted  that 
the  jsalousies  which  tud  existed  on  the  sub- 
ject, between  the  landed  and  commercial  in- 
terests, would  now  be  laid  aside  ;  and  that 
the  Bills,  the  object  of  which  was  so  emi- 
nently calculated  to  bring  the  interests  of  cwr 
great  commercial  districts  within  the  obser- 
vation of  this  House,  would  meet  with  the 
support  of  Honourable  Members.  LardSan" 
don  moved,  as  an  amendment,  that  all  bo- 
roughs convicted  of  gross  corruption,  be 
dbfranchised,  and  the  privilege  be  transfer- 
red to  manufacturing  towns,  or  large  coun- 
ties. Mr.  H.  Twiss  said,  the  proposed  Bill 
would  invade  the  Prerogative  of  the  Crown  t 
and,  if  the  House  once  adopted  the  princi- 
ple of  creating  new  firanehises,  who  could 
tell  where  it  would  stop  ?     If  it  be  right  to 

Cmt  them  to  Manchester,  Birmingham,  and 
eds,  how  can  you  refuse  them  to  Sheffield, 
Paisley,  and  Glasgow  ?  Mr.  Huskissorit  Dr, 
Lushin^lon,  Lord  fK  Powletlt  Mr.  Bright, 
and  Mr.  O'Comteli  spoke  in  fiivour  of  the 
motion  ;  and  Lord  FaUetortf  Sir  G,  Murray  f 
and  Mr.  C.  Wynn  against  it.  Mr.  PeH 
said,  he  saw  nothing  in  the  |Nautical  work- 
ings of  that  House,  to  indu^  him  to  vote 
furthe  introduction  of  reform.  ^Ar.Brougham 
deprecated  universal  suffrage ;  but  agreed 
with  the  motion  proposed  by  the  Noble  Lord 
(Russel). 

The  amendment  being  withdrawn,  the 
Hou^e  divided,  on  the  original  motion  ;  for 
granting  the  elective  francliise  to  Manchester, 
Birmin«;ham,  and  Leeds,  140 ;  againat  it, 
1 8 8 . — M ajority  4  8 . 

House  op  Loaos,  Feb,  95. 
The  Earl  of  Stanhope  brought  forward  a 
motion, relative  to  the  Distressed  State  of  the 
Nation,  on  the  subject  of  vrliich  innumera- 
ble Petitions  have  been  presented  from  va- 
rious parts  of  the  country.  His  Lordship 
said,  that  the  present  situation  of  agriculture 
in  this  country  was  most  distressing.  The 
rents  were  not  tiaid  from  the  produce  o(  the 
soil,  but  from  ine  capital  of  tlie  former.  He 
knew  many  formers  who  were  obliged  to  pay 
their  rents  out  of  funded  property.  The 
Noble  Earl  concluded,  by  moving,' that  the 
House  resolve  iuelf  into  a  Commitfiee,  to 
inquire  into  the  interual  state  of  the  luUion. 


Ijord  Gnderich  objected  to  the  proposed  n 
of  enquiry,  as  inapplicaljfo  to  tlie  subject. 
He  scknowledged  the  existence  of  great  dis- 
tress ;  and,  as  a  reduction  of  taxation  had  a 
fonner  instances  afforded  great  relief,  with- 
out injury  to  ^e  revenue,  he  should  recom- 
mend to  Government  the  repeal  of  the  duties 
on  hops  and  leather.  The  i>uke  of  Rick' 
wtomi  hoped  that  all  the  dependants  of  Down- 
mg««treet  would  not  prevent  inquiry.  The 
Barl  of  Rmtberry  said,  all  other  remediee 
would  be  of  no  avail,  without  a  reduction  of 
Uxation.  '  He  thought  the  motion  inexpe* 


960  Proceedings  in  the  present  Session  of  Parliament. .       [March/ 


dient  and  impracticable.  The  Earlof  Eldon 
thought  enquiry  was  loudly  called  for,  and 
should  therefore  vote  fur  the  motion.  The 
Duke  of  ffyjington  attributed  a  great  por- 
tion of  the  existing  distress  to  want  of  mar- 
kets for  the  goods  so  rapidly  produced  by 
machinery.  The  Government  were  con- 
stantly making  efforts  to  reduce  the  public 
expenditure.  He  did  not  see  that  any  ad- 
vantage would  be  gained  by  the  proposed 
Committee. — ^The  motion  was  supported  by 
the  Earl  of  Radnor  ;  and  opposed  iiy  the 
Marquis  of  Salisbury,  the  Marquis  ofLans- 
downe,  the  Marquis  of  Bute ,  Lord  Damley, 
and  Lord  ffliarncUffe.  On  a  division,  there 
were,  in  favour  of  the  motion,  25 ;  against 
it,  118. 

House  of  Commons,  March  I. 
Sir  G.  Clerk  moved  the  Navy  Estimates  ; 
he  said,  the  aggregate  amount  of  the  Esti- 
mates was  5,595,000/.,  and  the  aggregate 
saving,  as  compared  with  last  year,  was 
282,939/.  Mr.  Hume,  with  a  view  to  fur- 
ther reduction,  moved  that  the  vote  be  for 
six  months  only.  Afier  some  discussion, 
the  amendment  was  negatived  by  148  to  47* 
In  the  course  of  the  debate  on  the  Navy 
Estimates,  Mr.  Peel  took  occasion  to  an- 
nounce, that  the  Duke  of  Northumberland 
had  intimated  his  desire  to  give  up  7,000/. 
of  his  salary,  as  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland  ; 
the  amount  having  been  gradually  raised 
since  1797,  from  20,000/.  to  27,000/. 

March  2.  Sir  C,  ff^etherell  brought  for- 
ward a  motion  for  the  production  of  the  pa- 
pers which  had  relation  to  three  informa- 
tions, which  had  been  lately  tried  in  the 
Court  of  King's  Bench,  against  Mr.  Alexan- 
der, the  editor  of  the  Morning  Journal,  for 
libels  on  the  King,  the  Lord  Chancellor, 
and  the  Duke  of  Wellington.  The  Aitomey- 
general  vindicated  the  course  he  had  adopted, 
as  to  changing  the  mode  of  trial,  as  forced 
upon  him  by  the  circumstances  of  the  case 
on  legal  points.  The  Learned  Gentleman 
addressed  the  House  at  great  length,  on  the 
effect  the  statements  of  the  Morning  Jour- 
nal, with  regard  to  public  affairs,  was  likely 
to  have  on  the  country*  Every  member  of 
the  Administration  was  libelled  in  paragraphs, 
letters,  leaders,  in  every  possible  shape  and 
form,  and  with  a  degree  of  virulence  and 
atrocious  falsehood,  to  which  no  private  man 
would  submit.  He  did  not  believe  he  had 
acted  improperly  in  endeavouring  to  restrain 
that  licentiousness  which  would  make  the 
press  of  no  value,  by  rendering  it  contemp- 
tible. The  Attorney-general  concluded  by 
■aying,  he  was  anxious  his  Honourable  and 
Learned  Friend  should  have  the  papers  to 
found  a  charge  upoi  them,  if  he  thought 
proper.  Sir  Francis  Burdett  condemned  ex 
officio  informations  as  the  exercise  of  a  ty- 
rannic power ;  but  thought  the  Attorney-ge- 
neral was  justified  in  bringing  the  libels  be- 


fore a  jury.  Mr.  Peel  justified  the  |^n  pur^ 
sued  by  the  Attorney  General.  Mr.  CCan- 
nell  said,  it  was  a  most  cruel  proceediofi;  oa 
the  part  of  the  Learned  GenUeman  towards 
Mr.  Alexander.  Sir  R.  Heron  thought  i$ 
would  have  been  more  magnanimous  in  tb* 
Duke  of  Wellington,  to  have  passed  by  thasa 
alleged  libels  in  silence,  as  unworthy  of  bb 
serious  attention.  The  SoUdior'general 
contended,  that  the  whole  proceedings  were 
constitutional  and  correct.  Mr.  Hume  said» 
the  Attorney  General  had  made  a  most  waak 
and  miserable  defence.  Sir  C,  ffetherell  re- 
plied ;  and  the  motion  was  agreed  to. 

March  4.  Sir  J,  Newport  brought  for-* 
ward  a  motioa  for  enquiry  into  tba  state  of 
the  Irish  Church,  which,  after  some  discus- 
sion, he  consented  to  withdraw. 

The  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  movad  for 
the  appointment  of  a  Select  CiNBakitteey  to 
enquire  into  the  laws  and  r^uIaticMis  which 
restrict  the  retail  sale  of  Beer.  -  The  end  h« 
had  in  view,  he  said,  was  to  get  rid  of  tlia 
monopoly  of  the  present  system^  which 
tended  to  give  to  the  public  au  inferior  ar* 
tide  at  an  increased  price.  After  some  dis- 
cussion, the  motion  was  agreed  to. 

March  5.  Mr.  N.  Calvert  movad  the  or- 
der of  the  day,  for  the  House  to  resolve  it^ 
self  into  a  Committee  on  the  East*  Retford 
Bill.  Mr.  Tennyson  moved,  as  an  amend- 
ment, that  the  Committee  be  empowered  to 
transfer  the  elective  franchise  to  Burmbgham. 
After  the  usual  arguments  for  and  against  the 
measure,  Mr.  Hiukisson,  the  last  speaker  in 
the  debate,  declared  that  Government  would 
be  compelled,  ere  long,  to  propose  the  vonf 
measures  of  reform  which  toey  now  raJMAaJ. 
— For  the  amendment^  119;  for  the  Migi- 
nal  motion,  152. 

March  8.  Petitions  were  prMented  from 
Taunton,  Bristol,  and  other  plaeee,  com- 
plaining of  the  prevalent  distress,  and  'pny- 
in^  the  interference  of  the  Legislatitre  to 
effect  some  remedy.  Mr.£Hekuuo»  ex- 
pressed his  regret,  that  his  Miyasty'a  Go« 
vernment  had  taken  no  measures  to  aflbrd 
relief.  Sir  T.  Lethbridge  admitted  that  very 
great  distress  existed  in  all  parts  of  the  coun- 
ty of  Somerset ;  indeed,  moch  giaater  dis- 
tress titan  had  existed  there  at  any  former 
period ;  but  he  thought  the  Petitionerf 
premature  in  complaining  that  his  Mi^^ty'a 
Government  had  taken  no  steps  towards  ef- 
fecting relief. 

In  a  Committee  of  Supply,  several  esti- 
mates for  the  public  service  were  granted 
without  a  division. 

March  9.  Sit  Aleocander  Grant  brought 
up  the  Report  of  the  Committee  of  Supply.' 
Upon  the  vote  for  60,61 9/.  for  defrvftng  tha 
charges  of  the  Volunteer  Corps  for  thayear» 
Mr.  Hume  moved,  as  an  amendment^  that- 


18Sa]  Procteduigt  in  the  preieni  Seuion  of  Parliameni. 


261 


th«  grant  b«  redaccd  to  30,000/.>  bciog  a 
proTition  up  to  th«  30th  of  June.  Mt.B, 
Portman '  Mcoaded  thb  ameodfiMat. — Th« 
House  dividedt  when  there  appeared— 
for  Mr.  HttOM*!  ameodaent,  59  ;  agaiofttity 
i04. 

Mr.  Ftfuhe  Palmer  moved  for  the  appoint* 
meat  of  a  Select  Committee*  to  inquire  into 
the  expen«et  attending  the  office  of  High 
Sheriff,  fur  the  purpose  of  reducing  the  ex- 
penses, and  amending  the  U«rs  respecting 
ilie  same. — Agreed  to. 

Mr.  H^.  Horion  moved  for  a  Committee  of 
the  whole  Hoaie,  to  inquire  into  the  causes 
of  distress  among  the  poorer  classes.  One 
great  cause  of  distress  he  attrihuted  to  a  re* 
dundancy  of  population.  To  remedy  the 
evils  arising  from  a  state  of  pauperism — or 
rather  to  distinguish  between  the  claims  of 
the  pau|jers — he  wished  to  divide  the  poor 
into  four  classes ;  that  is,  to  make  a  distinc- 
tion between  the  lielpless  and  tlie  able.  He 
considered,  tliat  one  great  cause  of  the  dis- 
tress in  the  country  was  owing  to  the  want 
of  employment;  and  denied  tltat  a  paper 
currency  would  affurd  any  relief.  The  Right 
Hon.  Gentleman  stated  his  conviction,  that 
by  encouraging  emigration  on  a  large  scale, 
providing  the  means  by  a  mortgsge  of  the 
parochial  ratei,  the  country  would  be  greatly 
relieved.  A  reduc^oa  of  taxation  would  not 
reach  those  who  were  in  a  state  of  pauperism. 
Mr.  Portman  seconded  the  motion ;  and  said, 
that  during  the  last  Easter  recess,  370  per- 
sons had  applied  to  him  to  procure  them  the 
means  of  going  out  to  Swan  River.  Mr.  J, 
Smitk  recommended  the  plan  of  giving  the 
poor  small  portions  of  land,  which  had  in 
many  places  been  eminently  beneficial.  Mr. 
BerouU  was  perauaded  that  a  remission  of 
taxes  pressing  on  productive  industry  would 
benefit  the  country.  Sir  Francis  BurdeU  at- 
tributed the  distress  of  tlte  poor  mainly  to 
the  influx  of  Irish  Ubourers,  which  alto  swell- 
ed the  amount  of  poor  rates.  In  Berkshire, 
lie  said,  1400^  was  paid  in  one  year  for  pass- 
ing Irish  vagrants.  After  some  further  dis- 
cussion, Mr.  Horton  withdrew  his  motion, 
stating  his  intention  to  bring  forward  the 
subject  again  in  some  other  shape. 

The  jiUomey- general  moved  for  leave  to 
bring  in  a  Bill  for  the  better  administration 
of  justice  in  Wales  ;  and  for  several  purposes 
connected  with  the  present  mode  of  legal 
proceeding,  and  sulistituting  fixed  dates  for 
the  cummeoceoMnt  and  termination  of  all 
the  law  terms.  The  Right  Hon.  and  Learned 
Gentleman  said,  he  should  propose  an  in- 
crease in  the  number  of  Jodget  in  Westmin- 
sur  Hall ;  and  also  raise  the  sum  on  which 
arrest  on  mesne  proeeu  may  take  place,  fiom 
80/.  to  1 00/.  The  esiating  f ystcm  of  Wefsh 
judicature,  be  coaceivtd  to  be  erroneotw  and 
iMperfect  in  every  particular.  Part  of  the 
measure  proposed  wonid  reouire  that  fifiteen 
days  notice  of  aetioo,  before  the  aasixe,  iho«ld 
W  given  t*  all  penoat  agataat  whoa  aa  ac* 


tion  was  contemplated ;  but  hitherto  such 
cases  were  harried  on,  without  giving  any 
adequate  time  for  preparation,  and  conse- 

auently  operated  unjustly  to  the  prejudice  of 
tie  defendant.  Mr.  C,  IV,  /Vyan  concurred 
in  the  propriety  of  the  Attorney  General's 
plan.  <$'<>  J.  Owen  and  Mr.  Janes  were  op- 
posed to  it.  After  a  short  debate,  leave  was 
given  to  bring  in  the  Bill. 

March  1 0.  Lord  Palmerstanf  after  a  long 
and  able  speech,  moved  for  the  production 
of  a  variety  of  papers  connected  with  our 
negotiations  and  diplomatic  relations  with 
Portugal.  This  motion  gave  rise  to  consi- 
derable discussion,  as  to  the  policy  pur«ued 
by  Government;  some  Memben  advising, 
and  othera  deprecating  any  interference  in 
the  dtimestic  concerns  of  that  unhappy  coun- 
try. The  proposition  of  Lord  Palmerston 
was  ultimately  negatived :  there  appear- 
ing, on  a  division,  for  the  motion,  73 1 
against  it,  150. — Majority,  77. 

House  op  Lords,  March  11. 

Petitions  against  the  renewal  of  the  East 
India  Company's  Cliarter,  were  presented 
from  the  Mayor  and  Corporation,  the  Direc- 
tors of  the  Docks,  and  the  merchants,  bank- 
era,  and  tradera,  of  Liverpool,  respectively ; 
and  from  numerous  other  places. 

In  reply  to  questions  from  Lord  Holland, 
the  Earl  of  Aberdeen  ststed,  that  negocia* 
tions  were  pending,  having  for  their  object 
the  reconciliation  of  the  Princes  of  the  House 
of  Bragaoza,  and  the  tranquillity  of  Portugal. 
France  and  Austria  were  parties  to  these 
transactioos,  but  Spain  was  not. 

The  Earl  of  Malmeslmry  moved,  that  re- 
turns be  laid  before  the  House  of  the  amount 
of  stamp  duty  obtained  upon  conveyances 
for  lifehold  leases  under  5/. ;  and  also  the 
return  of  stamp  duties  on  conveyances  of 
property  in  fee,  under  \bOU 

In  the  Houss  op  Commons,  the  same 
day,  Mr.  S.  Rice  brought  forward  his  motion, 
fur  a  Committee  to  enqitira  into  the  state  of 
the  Poor  in  Ireland.  He  maintained  that 
any  attempt  to  introduce  a  system  of  poor 
laws  into  tliat  country,  would  be  injurious  to 
its  interests.  Such  laws  would  diminish  the 
price  of  Uboar  in  Ireland,  ami  drive  the  poor 
to  England.  The  motion  was  unanimously 
concurred  in,  and  a  Committee  appointed. 

March  15.  The  Chancdhr  of  iU  Exche- 
quer brought  before  the  Hoose  tlie  Booobt 
for  the  present  year.  He  commenced  by 
adverting  to  the  distress  of  the  people,  and 
to  the  petitions  for  relief  which  had  been 
presented  to  the  House ;  and  said,  it  was  in- 
cumbent on  the  Government  to  show  to  what 
extent  relief  could  be  afforded.  In  doing  so, 
tbene  were  two  modes  open  for  consideration* 
One  was  to  affurd  relief  to  the  utmoet  prac- 
tioal  extent  to  those  parties  whom  the  taxes 
more  ImmtSaufj  affected,  without  imposing 


2dS         Ppoceedingi  in  the  preient  Sesiion  of  Parliament.       [March, 


tnj  fresh  tuei  on  the  other  claMet  of  the 
community  :  Mid  the  -other  way,  to  make  up 
the  deficiency  occasioned  by  the  repeal  of 
ihose  taxes,  by  imposing  taxes  upon  those 
classes  who  are  not  supposed  immediately  to 
suffer.  'The  Right  Hon.  Gentleman  then 
said,  that  his  intention  was  to  repeal  the 
whole  of  the  dutv  on  Beer,  on  the  1 0th  of 
October  next,  upon  which  the  consumer  paid 
to  the  revenue  about  three  farthings  per  pot ; 
and  although  the  dc&lcation  in  the  revenue 
by  such  repeat  would  not  exceed  three  mil- 
lions per  annum,  yet  the  relief  to  the  public 
would  be,  including  the  expenses  of  collec- 
tion, little  short  of  4,500,000/.  Connected 
with  this  measure  was  the  intended  throwing 
open  of  the  trade  on  beer,  as  the  best  pro- 
tection to  the  public  agunst  the  use  of  dele- 
terious drugs  by  the  retailers.  Acting  upon 
the  principle  of  repealing  a  tax,  instead  of 
diminishing  it,  he  proposed  in  the  next  place 
to  repeal  the  whole  of  the  tax  on  Cider, 
amounting  from  85,0002.  to  30,000/.  He 
also  proposed  to  repeal  the  Leather  tax,  the 
present  amouut  of  which  is  about  400,000/. 
and  was  heavily  felt  by  the  agricultural  po- 

Julation.  This  tax  would  be  repealed  in 
uly  next.  The  amount  of  the  taxes  he 
proposed  to  repeal  would  altogether  be  about 
8,400,000/.  {  but  he  calculated  that  the  re- 
lief to  the  public  indirectly  would  amount  to 
6,000,000/.  Tlte  Right  Hon.  Gentleman 
then  proceeded  to  consider  the  revenue  for 
the  present  year.  He  estimated  the  proceeds 
of  the  Customs,  at  the  same  amount  as  was 
received  last  year :  on  the  Excise,  he  calcu- 
lated a  reduction  of  840,000/.  The  stamp 
duties,  the  assessed  taxes,  and  other  miscel- 
laneous taxes,  he  calculated  would  produce 
the  same  as  last  year ;  and  on  the  Post-office 
he  expected  an  increase.  The  total  amount 
for  the  present  year  would  be  50,480,000/. 
The  Right  Hon.  Gentleman  then  proceeded 
to  state  the  probable  amount  of  expenditure, 
the  total  of  which,  after  making  the  proposed 
ledoctinns,  would  be  47^8 1 2,000/.,  learving 
a  clear  surplus  of  8,6*67,000/.  This  aurphis 
would  however  be  increased  by  sevend  mea- 
sures which  he  would  have  to  propose.  In 
the  first  place.  Government  were  taking  mea- 
sures to  assimilate  the  stamp  duties  in  the 
different  parts  of  lhe>  empire,  which  he  ex- 

ected  would  increase  the  duties  110,000/. 
e  also  proposed  an  increased  duty  on  Irish 
and  Scotch  spirits,  from  2^.  lOd.  to  3s,  per 
gallon  ;  and  on  English  spirits,  from  7s.  to 
8#.  per  gallon.  The  increase  of  revenue  from 
this  source,  would  be  about  380,000/. ;  and 
these  additions  would  make  tlie  total  surplus 
of  the  revenue  about  8,000,000/.  In  the 
next  year,  1831,  however,  the  whole  reduc- 
tion of  3,400,0002.  would  come  into  effect ; 
for  which  provision  must  be  made.  The 
principal  resource  which  the  House  possessed, 
waa  to  reduce  that  part  of  the  "natioBal  debt 
which  now  bears  four  per  cent,  interest ; 
and  he  should  it  ao  early  day  bring  the  sub- 


ject before  the  House,  to  consider  of  the 
terms  on  which  they  should  offer  the  holders 
of  four  per  cent  stock,  a  stock  of  less  value. 
The  Right  Hon.  Gentleman  then  referred  to 
the  enquiries  which  were  making  into  every 
department  of  the  Government,  with  a  view 
to  the  diminution  of  the  expenditure ;  and 
concluded,  by  moving  the  usual  resolution. 
Mr,  Baring  expressed  his  rei^ret  that  no  ef- 
fort was  to  be  made  to  get  rid  of  any  part  of 
the  debt.  This  country  had  set  the  first  ex- 
ample of  a  sinking  fund ;  and  while  other 
nations  were  benefitting  by  our  example,  we 
were  giving  up  the  plan  as  hopeless.  Lord 
Allhorp  said,  he  would  not  impose  additional 
burdens  upon  the  people,  for  the  purpose  of 
maintaining  a  sinking  fund.  Mr.  Hume  hoped 
that  the  Right  Hon.  Gkutlensan  would  make 
an  additional  reduction  of  2,000,0001.  In  the 
course  of  the  present  Session.  Mr.  C,  Bar- 
clay said,  in  behalf  of  the  porter  brewers, 
that  they  were  content,  In  consideration  of 
the  repeal  of  the  beer  tax,  to  see  the  licens- 
ing system  removed.  The  remission  of  the 
tax  would  much  increase  the  consumption  of 
barley.  Mr.  Raibinmm  and  Mr.  Mahetiey 
thought  a  greater  reduction  of  expenditure 
might  be  effected.  Mr.  Htukismm.  thought 
there  might  always  be  a  surplus  revenue  to 
be  applied  to  the  reduction  of  the  debt. 
The  ChanceUor  ^  the  Exchequer  said,  he 
anticipated  that  in  1831  there  would  be  a 
surplus  revenue  of  3,000,0002.  The  usiul 
rMoltttions  were  then  agreed  to. 

Houn  OP  Lords,  March  1 6. 
Earl  Damley  brought  forward  the  aubject 
of  the  introduction  of  the  Poor  Laws  system 
into  Ireland.  He«dtd  not  advocate  the  sane 
system  as  prevailed  In  England :  but  as  he 
could  prove  that  people  were  dying  of  want 
in  the  streets  and  highways  o{  ueland,  it 
was  high  time  to  adopt  some  method  of 
compulsory  relief  for  the  aged,  the  aiek,  and 
the  lielpless.  Hia  Lordship  did  not  think  it 
expedient  at  present  to  move  for  a  Com- 
mittee ;  but  he  was  anxious  to  learn  from 
the  noble  Duke  at  the  head  of  the  Admmis- 
tration,  if  any  measures  were  in  contempla- 
tion for  the  relief  of  the  Irish  poor.  The 
Duke  of  fVellingion  stated,  that  Ministers 
had  it  not  in  contemplation  to  introduce  at 
preaent  any  thing  like  a  general  system  of 
poor  laws  into  Ireland.  But  several  mea- 
sures were  in  contemplation,  which  either 
directly  or  indirectly  had  for  their  object, 
and  he  trusted  would  have  the  effect  of  afford- 
ing relief  to  the  aged  and  infirm,  and  tlie 
sick,  and  of  giving  employment  to  the  able* 
bodied  poor. 

In  the  House  op  Commons,  the  saaa 
day,  Mr.  Davenport  introduced  a  motion, 
on  the  distresses  of  the  country.  The 
Hon.  Member  traced  them  to  the  ehaage  ia 
the  currency ;  and  to  the  circunkstaace,  that 
all  contracts  have  been  made  In  one  specit-t 


issal 


Proceedmgi  im  Farlkment^^Poreign  Nmt. 


963 


aietamutyt  tBil  taMt  btfd  bato  iiipoMdMid 
Uvi«d  in  another  at  a  noch  higher  valnty 
the  coiMe<)aeoce  of  which  would  be  to  re- 
duce the  cooatry  to  aooicthiiig  like  a  Jewwh 
oaptivitj.  He  went  oo  to  auu»  that  the 
compleiou  of  the  wholo  poople  were  beard 
with  iiidiffrretice>  if  not  with  cootenpt*  bj 
their  own  Repreeeatativet.  He  wae  oif  opi- 
nion, Oovemveot  was  determined  to  oppose 
his  motion,  whether  right  or  wrong,  because 
its  object  was  much  misapprehended.  He 
theu  proceeded  to  show  that  the  proofii  of 
prosperity  adduced  by  Minitters  were  fitlla- 
ciouB ;  and  concluded  by  movine,  that  the 
Tarions  petitions  presented  to  tne  House, 
eomplainiug  of  the  distresses  of  the  various 
classes  of  the  comrouoitT,  be  referred  to  a 
Committee  of  the  whole  House,  with  a  view 
to  inquire  into  the  fiscts  and  causes  of  the 
distress,'  and  to  report  what  remedies  might 
be  applied  to  relieve  it.  Mr.  Irving  opposed 
Mr.  jDavenport,  particularly  in  his  opinions 
respecUng  the  currency.  He  contended  that 
the  public  distrese  was  over-rated,  and  was 
gradually  passing  away.  He  ascribed  the  evil 
to  causes  m  their  nature  temporary.  Seve- 
ral other  Members  s|iolw  on  the  subject, 


and   the   ftirther  coaeideralion  of  it 
postponed. 


HoufB  or  LoKMy  Mvreh  18. 
The  Duke  rf'Richmond  brought  forward  a 
motion,  respecting  the  distresses  of  the  cooa* 
try,  of  similar  import  to  the  one  befinre  the 
Lower  House.  After  expatiating,  at  oonsi* 
derable  length,  on  the  national  distreasesf 
the  Noble  opeak«'  concluded  by  moving  (or 
a  Select  Committee  to  inquire  into  the  in* 
temal  state  of  the  country,  the  oonditioa  of 
the  working  classes,  aud  the  effect  of  tasa* 
tion  upon  productive  industry.  The  motion 
was  opposed  by  the  Duke  of  IVeUington, 
the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  the  Earis  Rossiyn^ 
Gower,  Damleyf  and  others ;  and  was  finally 
rejected  by  a  rosjority  of  141  to61. 

In  the  House  op  Commons,  the  same 
day,  the  adjourned  debate  relative  to  the  dis- 
tressed state  of  the  nation,  was  renewed; 
and  after  three  nights*  discussion,  during 
which  Mr.  Davenports  motion  was  strongly 
opposed  by  the  ministerial  interest,  it  was 
lost,  on  the  83d  inst.  by  a  majority  of  8SS  to 
87. 


FOREIGN    NEWS. 


FRANCE. 

The  Session  of  the  Chambers  was  opened 
on  Tuesday  the  8d  of  March,  by  the  King 
in  person,  who  delivered  a  speech  on  the 
occasion,  which  appears  to  have  given  much 
satisfaction  to  some  parties.  His  Majesty, 
after  complimenting  in  just  terms  the  mo- 
deration of  the  Emperor  Nicholas,  on  the 
close  of  the  war,  announces  the  final  settle- 
ment of  Greece ;  and  thus  adverts  to  the 
hostile  nreparations  making  for  the  punish- 
ment of  the  Algerines  t  **  In  the  midst  of 
the  grave  evenU  with  which  Europe  was  oc- 
cupied, I  found  it  expedient  to  suspend  the 
effects  of  my  iust  resentment  against  a  Bar- 
bery power ;  but  I  cannot  leave  longer  un- 
punisked  the  insult  offiered  to  my  flag.  The 
striking  reparation  which  I  desire  to  obtain, 
in  satisfying  the  honour  of  France,  will  turn 
out,  by  the  aid  of  Providence,  to  the  advan- 
tage of  Christendom.*' 

The  Chamber  of  Peers  passed  a  compli- 
mentary Address  on  the  King's  Speech. — 
On  the  1 8th,  the  Address  of  the  Chamber 
uf  Deputies  was  presented  to  his  Majesty. 
It  contained  the  following  passage  :  "An 
unjust  mbtrust  uf  the  sentimenls  and  reason 
of  France,  is  the  principle  which  now  ^ 
vems  the  admin'istratioa.  Your  subjecU  view 
it  with  pain,  because  it  is  insulting  to  them ; 
they  also  view  it  with  Muietv,  because  it 
threatens  their  Kbertiet.**  The  Chamber, 
afUr  a  very  stormy  debate,  divided  on  the 
Address,  when  the  PoRgnac  Ministry  were 
defeated  by  a  majority  of  forty  ;  tf  1  being 
in  fiivour  of  the  Addrese  (which  was  hostile 
to  the  Ministry),  tad  181  against  it.    To 


thb  Address,  the  King  returned  the  follow- 
ing firm  and  decisive  answer :  **  I  have 
heard  the  Address  which  you  have  just  read 
to  me,  from  the  Chamber  of  Deputies.  I 
had  counted  ou  the  concurrence  of  the  Two 
Chambers  for  the  good  which  I  had  medi- 
tated, to  consolidate  the  happiness  of  my 
people.  I  hear,  with  |iain,  the  Deputies 
say,  that,  on  their  side,  this  concurrence  does 
not  exist.  I  liave  announced  to  you,  in  my 
Speech,  my  resolutions — they  are  immoven- 
ble ;  the  interests  of  my  people  forbid  me  to 
depart  from  them.  My  Ministers  will  ac 
quaint  you  with  my  determination." 

NETHERLANDS. 

The  debates  in  the  Netherlands'  Chambers 
are  more  interesting  than  usual.  The  divi- 
sion between  the  Dutch  and  Flemish  parties 
ha*  become  decisively  marked.  The  Fle- 
minj^s  are  rank  papists,  and  inclined  to  a 
French  connexion,  to  effect  which  the  Je- 
suit party  in  France  are  labouring,  from  n 
fanatical  hope  uf  extending  the  influence  of 
their  superstition ;  and  the  Liberals,  firom 
the  desire  of  extending  the  territory  of  their 
country. 

AFRICA. 

Mr.  Drummood  Hay,  the  English  Consul- 
general,  has  recently  returned  to  Tangiers, 
afier  an  absence  of  three  months,  occopied 
in  a  journey  to  the  city  of  Morocco.  No- 
thing could  exceed  the  respect  which  was 
shown  to  the  British  representatives  through- 
out the  whole  of  their  journey ;  they  were 
frequently  escorted  by  nearly  10,000  horse- 


S64 


Foreign  News^^^Domestie  Occurrences* 


[Mardi; 


meDy  and  on  their  mpimwcb  to  tlie  city*  the 
population  poured  out  to  welcome  their  ar- 
rival, where  they  were  received  by  the  Em- 
peror, who  displayed  hit  whole  military  force 
on  the  occasion.  The  country  is  described 
as  being  capable  of  producing  every  thing 
that  industry  can  desire,  exhibiting  a  rich 
soil,  and  moderately  well  watered.  The  po- 
pulation, however,  is  in  a  state  but  little  re- 
moved from  barbarism.  The  Emperor  sent 
some  presents  of  hysnas,  leopards,  and  seve- 
ral remarkably  fine  dogs,  fur  the  King  of  Eng- 


land, which  may  beexpectedin  the  nesttrans- 
poru  from  Gibraltar. 

MEXICO. 
Accounts  from  Mexico  to  the  9d  of  Jan. 
bring  intelligence  of  intestine  tumults  in  the 
Republic.  A  civil  war  between  Btutamente 
and  Guerrero  is  raging.  On  the  S2d  of  Dec. 
at  two  o'clock  A.  M.  a  revolution  broke  out 
hi  Mexico,  and  shots  were  fired  in  the  streets 
for  eight  hours.  The  palace  attempted  to 
make  some  resistance,  but  ultimately  sub- 
mitted in  favour  of  Bustomeote. 


DOMESTIC   OCCURRENCES. 


A  Bill  has  been  introduced  into  the  House 
of  Commons,  to  enable  clergymen  and  tlieir 
parishioners  to  commute  their  tithes,  without 
resorting  to  the  expensive  and  troublesome 
process  of  applying  to  Parliament  in  each 
individual  case.  It  is  presumed,  that  this 
Bill  will  not  only  secure  the  property  of  the 
Church,  but  provide  that  it  shall  increase  or 
diminish  in  tne  same  ratio  as  the  other  pro- 
))erty  of  the  nation.  Its  provisions  are  per- 
missive and  not  compulsory,  and  will  there- 
fore be  adopted  or  rejected,  as  (adopting  the 
phrase  of  the  day)  they  may  be  found  *'  to 
work  well  or  ill.' 

The  Legislature  has  at  length  taken  up 
the  question  of  Dramatic  Copywright,  which 
has  been  hitherto  more  unprotected  than  any 
other  description  of  literary  property.  Tlie 
Bill  before  Parliament  states,  "That  the 
author  of  any  dramatic  writing  shall  have 
the  sole  right  of  representing  it.  That  he 
shtll  preserve  that  right  in  any  such  pro- 
duction which  shall  be  so  printed  and  pub- 
lished, or  his  assignees,  for  twenty-eight 
years ;  or  should  the  author  survive  that  pe- 
riod, for  the  residue  of  his  natural  life.*' 
Persons  offending  against  these  provisions, 
to  pay  10/.  for  each  representation,  with 
costs  of  suit. 

Feb.  8.  Tlic  College  of  Physicians  held 
their  first  evening  assembly  for  the  season. 
The  hall  was  crowded,  and  amongst  the 
distinguished  individuals  present  were  the 
Duke  of  Wellington,  the  Lord  Chancellor, 
Earls  Westmoreland  and  Stanhope,  Lord 
Tenderden,  the  Bishops  of  Exeter  and  Lan- 
daff,  Mr.  Arbuthnot,  Mr.  Baron  Vaughan, 
&c.  &c.  Sir  Henry  Halford,  the  President 
of  the  College,  took  the  chair,  and  in- 
formed the  company  that,  in  the  course 
of  two  months,  there  would  be  laid  before 
the  members  of  the  College  and  others 
interested,  the  statistical  accounts  of  the 
nature  of  disease  in  foreign  parts,  the 
form  it  had  assumed,  and  its  preventives. 
He  then  read  a  paper  on  particular  symp- 
toms manifested  by  some  persons  in  cases  of 
brain  fever.  The  learned  author  spoke  with 
great  force  upon  that  peculiar  enlightening 
of  the  intellectual  faculties  on  the  imme- 


diate approach  of  death,  whilst  '<  the  toul 
is  shuffling  off  its  mortal  coil^"  or  clearing 
op,  which  amounted  in  many  instances  to  a 
spirit  of  prophecy.  The  paper  was  based 
on  the  opinions  of  AretKoa,  and  waa  full  of 
classical  allusion.  Homer»  Sophoclet,  Vir- 
gil, Shakspeare,  and  even  the  lacred  histo- 
rians, were  each  in  their  torn  quoted  in  il- 
lustration. IThe  subject,  though  specular 
tive,  was  so  well  digested  by  the  author  of 
the  paper,  and  supported  by  the  writers 
whose  names  we  have  enumerated,  that  it 
was  calculated  to  make  a  vivid  impression  on 
the  minds  of  Sir  Henry's  auditors,  by  whom 
it  was  heard  with  eager  and  undivided  at- 
tention. 

March  2.  Murray  t.  Heath, — ^This  was 
an  action  tried  in  the  C^urt  of  King's  Bench, 
against  Mr.  Heath,  the  eminent  engraver, 
brought  by  Mr.  Murray,  the  bookseller,  for 
the  purpose  of  deciding  the  question  as  to 
whether  an  engraver  has  the  right  of  keeping 
twelve  copies  of  such  engraving  as  he  him- 
self executed  according  to  the  orders  of  any 
one  who  employe  him.  The  case  had  been 
formerly  tried,  and  a  verdict  found  for  the 
defendant,  after  many  eminent  engravers  liad 
been  examined  as  to  the  custom  (h  the  trade. 
The  plaintiff  obtained  a  new  trial,  which 
came  on  this  day,  when  the  jury  found  for 
the  plaintiff,  thus  destroying  the  assumed 
right  of  engravers  to  keep  such  copies. 

Revival  ofHungerfnrd  Market, — A  meeting 
of  the  proprietors  of  shares  in  this  undertak- 
ing was  held  at  the  Company's  office,  Feb. 
18th,  Wm.  Courtenay,  Esq.  in  the  chair. 
Mr.  Courtenay  stated  to  the  meeting,  that 
the  Committee  appointed  last  spring  had 
succeeded  in  obtaining  the  option  of  buying 
the  freehold  of  the  Hungerford  estate,  with 
all  its  market  privileges,  of  Mr.  Wise  the 
proprietor,  for  the  sum  of  1  I0,000t,  if  that 
sum,  together  with  100,000/.  required  for 
reconstructing  the  market  and  the  Houses  in 
Hungerford-street  upon  an  enlarged  scale, 
could  be  raised  by  1 OOZ.  shares.— The  de- 
sign of  the  building,  after  which  a  model 
has  been  constructed,  and  has  received  the 
royal  approbation,  is  the  work  of  Mr.  Chas. 
tlower.    The  middle  of  the  market  is  to  be 


1890.1 


DomtMlic  Occurrtnee9» 


H6S 


ocoiuitdbyyciDut— »<wdWH»frowfth  b«  frnatod  vtih  fiUkrt*  etch  of  vkick  will 

•sitnor  tide  oi  whwh»  south  mad  Borth»  two  lerai  the  first  of  a  scparsto  row  of  eolonwn, 

wiop  of  boildiogt  fHooacd  o(  riflbi  ^''S'**-  nmniog  io  fMuolld  liiMt  oloag  tho  holl»  to4 

TIm  put  BOtr  Um  river  it  iotcadoa  for  a  ash-  mpportiog  the  rood 
■orkei.    Tbt  whok  biftdlh  of  iho  hall  will 


PROMOTIONS    AND    PREFERMENTS. 


Gazkiti  Promotions. 

Feb.  17.  Lord  Etlenhoroogh  ;  the  Right 
Hon.  Rob.  Petl,  Earl  of  Aberdeen,  aodRt. 
Hon.  Sir  Geo.  Murray,  the  three  Principal 
Secretaries  of  State ;  the  Duke  of  Welliog- 
too»  Ftwt  CowaMstiooer  of  the  Treasury  i  Rt. 
Hon.  Haary  Goulbnro,  Chaacellor  of  the 
BxobaqMff  I  Ri.  Hon.  John  Sullivao,  Loid 
Aahley»  Mar^ib  of  GiaatlMiD,  Right  Hon. 
T.  POTtcriao  Conrtanay,  aad  Geo.  Baakai» 
•sq.,  to  bt  Coaiiiisiontn  for  ladia. 

M.  80.  Rt.  Hon.  Jaaias  Abercronby,  to 
bt  Cbitf  BtTM  of  the  Eaehemitr  in  Seol- 
ImdvOterSirSanod  SheahenL 

Mar^  8.  Vico-Adm.  Sir  T.  Byam  Martb, 
K.Ca  to  ba  G.CB. 

Mareh  10.  Royal  Eaginaefft  —  Captain 
B.Tbo«paaa  to  ba  Iinrt.>CoL 

ii€tch  18.  Rob.  WeUbaloted,  esq.  hn- 
rittar  at  knv,  and  hie  ieeaa*  to  «ise  tha  lUf  • 
■ana,  aad  bear  the  anm  of  Seott. 

ff^mr  Ofietf  Mmrek  16.  OtdFoottobaar 
iha  words  "  Coraaqa*"  •*  Fwatas  d'Hoaor," 
<«Viitoria,"  "Pjrwati/'  « Nivr/'  aad 
**  Orthaa,"  ia  ooaineniorataoa  of  the  diatiii- 
gwshed  senricsa  of  tbt  R^gtaieat  ia  the  aa- 
tioaa  foaght  at  those  plaiitt^— 89d  Foot  to 
bav  tba  word  •'  Alataiaz."— «8d  Foot,  Geo. 
Laid  Cbaa.  H.  Somalao^lst  Wast  ladiaRag. 
to  ba  CoL— 76tb  Foot,  Gapt-Fsad.  Hamnond 
to  ba  Mijor.— 1st  Weet  ladia  Rog.  Mijor 
0«o.  Sir  Peiagriaa  Maitbnd,  K.CJB.  to  ba 
Col.  Viet  Gea.  Lord  Chos.  H.  Sonerset. 

Untlltchml,  Mijor  Bc^kmin  Chapaun 
BcoifBe,  76th  Foot,  to  ba  Lieat.-Col.  of  laf. 

BrtvtL  Capt.  Joha  GaUwcy,  6th  Foot, 
«a  ba  M^or  in  the  Anny. 

Mtmben  rehtmtd  fs  aerve  in  FurUamaU. 

Clmm€U,^^Ejf  Coote,  eso. 
JStier^-^Thomas  Gardiner  Branstoa,  esq.  of 

Skreens,  In  RoawcU,  vice  Adni.  Sir  Bliab 

nanrey,  ore. 
AxMv.— Lord  Bradenell,  of  Brooksby  HaH, 

B  I  R 

P^  6.  At  FlofHMt,  the  lady  of  Sir  G. 
Tsiple,  Bart,  a  soa.  81.  Ia  Meeklta- 
barglHsqaara,  the  arUt  of  CoL  M'laaes,  a 

aoa. f ff.    At  Lake  Hoast,  Haato,  tha 

wifo  ofF.  L  G.  Matthew,  asq|.  Capt.  Royal 
N.  a  fWileers,  a  eoa. la  Upper  Brook- 


tha  L^y  Agaes  Byag,  a 

hair. At  Raaipitead,  Mrs.  Chaa.  Hol- 

ford.asoa. 93.  Ia  Highbary-pl.  Mrs.X. 

GiMT.  Mao.  Mtrekt  liW. 


GoUon. — Joseph  Neeld,  esq.  of  Grittletoa 

House,  Wilts. 
JfaaM,  (CO.)— Lord  Killeen,  Kllleen  Castle. 
iZadnor.— 'filtght  Hon.  Thomas   Fraakland 

Lewis,  of  Harpton  Court. 
Ryt, — ^Pbilip  Pnsey,  esq.  of  Fumt,  Berks. 
IVaUirforA* —  Lord  George  Thos.  Berasford. 
/Ten/edb.— Hon.  G.  Cecil  Weld  Funster,  of 

Willey-park,  Salop. 

Lord  Dooaraile,  a  Repres.  Peer  for  Irebmd. 

ECCLBSIASTICAL  PaiPKKMBIfTS. 

Rev.  C  C.  Oerke,  Archdeacon  of  Oxford. 
Hon.    and   Rev.  J.  S.  Cocks^    Canon  of 

Worcester. 
Rev.  J.  Ashby,  Wenham  Magna  R.  Snffslk. 
Rev.  Mr.  Blennerhasset,  Lyme  Intrtnseoa  R. 

Dorset. 
Rev.  T.  W.  Booth,  Friskney  V.  co.  Lincoln. 
Rev.  J.  Bowen,  West  Lynn  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  W.  S.  Carey,  Lexaat  R.  Cornwall. 
Rev.  W.  Church,  Woolsthorpe  R.  co.  Line. 
Rev.  A. Crowdy,  KiMf's  Sonbome  V.  Hants. 
Rev.  G.  H.  Deane,  &kingtoo  V.  co.  Wore. 
Rev.  S.  T.  Gully,  Berrvnarbor  R.  Devon. 
Rev.  C.  Holloway,  St.  Simoa  and  St.  Jnde  R. 

Norwich. 
Rev.  Janes  Matthews,  Fenton  and  Sherlnim 

W.  CO.  York. 
Rev.  R.  Meiklcjohn,  to  theCh.  of  Strsthdoa» 

CO.  Aberdeen. 
Rev.  Crosbie  Morgil,  Chilboleon  R.  Haols. 
Rev.  C.  Momy,  Ashe  R.  Hants. 
Rev.  C.  Naime,  Shadoxhorst  R.  Kent. 
Rev.  W.  A.  Norton,  Eyke  R.  Sodblk. 
Rev.  J.  B.  Schonberg,  Betton  R.  Suffolk. 
Rev.  J.  H.  Seymour,  Northchnrch  R.  Herts. 
Rev.  CTavlor,D.D.  AlmeleyV.  co.  Hereford. 
Rev.  L.  E.  Towns,  Knipton  R.  co.  Leic. 
Rev.  J.  Wwht,  Ch.  of  Oxnam,  co.  Roxbnrgb. 
Rev.  E.  Woodcock,  Chardstock  V.  co.  Don. 
Rev.  R.  C.  Griffith,  Chaphdn  to  the  Marqals 

of  Bath 
Rev.  T.  W.  Peile,  Chaplain  to  the  Earl  of 

Wettffioreland. 

T  H  S. 

Wigaa,  a  dan.— ^-M.  In  Gioaaaster  pbat. 
Poruaaa-eq.  tha  wifo  of  Dr.  W.  Raesall,  a 

daa. 88 .    At  KlnpeoU,  Glaae.  tha  Rt. 

Hon.  Lady  laabelk  fTiagsaott,  a  soa. 

At  tha  ElaM,  aear  Lyadagtoa,  tha  wifo 

of  Major  PriM^  Taylor,  a  soa. AtCaia- 

bo  House,  raeahba,  tha  lady  of  Sir  D. 
B»kiaa,  Bait,  a  daa. 

ManA  1 .  The  wifo  of  Cap*.  H.  Pryoe,R  N 


10 


^66 


Birthi,'^  Marriages. 


[Mareby 


a  dm.         9.    At  AlderhoU-pftrk,  Dorset, 

the  wife  of  J.  W.  Lukin,  etq.  a  <Uu. 

At  Vauxhall,  the  wife  of  Capt.  John  Morle, 
^  SOD.— 4.  At  Stoke  Edith  Park,  Here- 
fordshire, the  Ldidy  of  Sir  H.  Lamhcrt,  Bart. 

HOC. 7.     At  Wood  Hall,  Yorkshire, 

lady  B.  Johnstone,  a  son. At  Worthing, 

Mrs.  W.  J.  Monson,  a  sonw         8.  In  Hano- 
ver-square, the  wife  of  Capt.  Seymour,  R.N. 
\  dau. 19.    In  New  Burlington-st.  Mrs. 


R.  Beotley,  a  eon.-— JS.  In  the  Regent's- 
park,  the  wife  of  T.  Peel,esq.  of  Swan  River,  a 
son.— -In  Spring-gardens,  the  wife  of  Dr. 

Buroe,  a  son. 19.     At  Brighton,  the 

lady  of  Lieut.-Col.  Sir  W.  De  Bathe,  Bars. 

a  dau. SI.    At  the  Rye  Lodge,  near 

Sudbury,  the  w'lh  of  Nathaniel  Clarke 
Barnadiston,  esq.  a  dan. 

Erratum.  —  p.  170,  for    '*  Baroness  de 
Rutxtn;*  read  «*  Grey  de  Ruthyn" 


MARRIAGES. 


Not.  9.  At  Madras,  the  Hon.  Sir  Ralph 
Palmer,  Chief  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court 
of  Judicature,  tt>  Mai^aret  Elixa,  eldest  dau. 
of  Co).  R.  B.  Fearon,  C.B.dep.  Adj.-gen. 

Feb.  16*.  Ross  Donelly  Mangles,  esq.  of 
the  Bengal  Civil  Service,  to  Harriet,  third 
dan.  of  Geo.  Newcome,  esq.  of  Upper  Wim- 
polie-street.— —  At  Frant,  Sussex,  J.  Whit- 
well  Torre,  esq.  of  Snydall  Hall,  co.  York, 
to  Jane  Helena,  eldest  dau.  of  Major-Gen. 
Beatson,  of  Henley,  Sussex.— —17.  At 
'J  opsham,  Thomas,  second  son  of  the  late 
Clias.  Bevan,  esq.  Lieut.-Col.  4th  Foot,  to 
Mary  Catherine,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 
George  Mooie,  rector  of  Sowton.  At 

St.  Panoras  New  Church,  Phillip  Gibbon, 
esq.  of  Loxborough  House,  Bucks,  to  Mrs. 
Cwuchman,  of  East  Grinstead.— — 18.  At 
Bath,  Col.  Augustus  Andrews,  C.B.  E.  I.  C. 
to  Maria,  dau.  of  the  late  Chas.  Conolly,  esq. 
of  Midford  Castle,  Somerset.—^—  At  St. 
George's,  Hanover-square,  the  Rev.  R.  W. 
Siiaw,  son  of  Sir  J.  Shaw,  Bart,  of  Kenward, 
Kent,  to  Sophia,  youngest  dau.  of  the  Hon. 
.Mrs.  Cornwall.— At  Godalming,  Surrey, 
the  Rev.  W.  Wilson,  D.D.  Rector  of  Oake- 
ley,  Hants,  to  Miss  Sumner,  dau.  of  the 
late  Rev.  Robert  Sumner.  — The  Rev. 
C.  Musgrave,  M.A.  Vicar  of  Halifax,  to 
Ellen  Frances,  eldest  daughter  of  J.  Water- 


hcmse,  esq.  of  Well-head.- 


•28. 


Stephmi 


Smith,  esq.  to  Georgiana  Matilda,  only  dan. 
of  Joshua  Lomax,  esq.  of  Childwick  Bury, 
Herts.  At  Shaw,  Wm.  Moseley,  esq.  of 
Leaton  Hall,  Staffordshire,  to  Helen  £liz. 
second  dau.  of  T.  Bacon,  esq.  of  Donnington 

Castle,  Berks. 23.     At  St.  George's, 

Hanover-sqtutre,  the  Hon.  Fred.  Spencer, 
Capt.  R.N.  third  son  of  Earl  Spencer,  to 
Miss  Poyntz,  second  dau.  of  W.  S.  Poyntz, 
esq.  M.P.  for  Chichester,  and  sister  to  the 
Marchioness  of  Exeter.— At  the  house  of 
Lord  Erskine,  British  Minister  at  Munich, 
.  Saiiiuel  Clarke  Jervoise,  esq.  youngest  son 
of  the  Rev.  Sir  Samuel  Clarke  Jervoiee,  Bart, 
to  Emily  Anne,  eldest  dau.  of  Maior-Gen. 

Cumming. 25.    At  Brighton,  W.  Jones 

jun.  esq.  of  Gieat  Russell -street,  Blooms- 
bury-sq.  to  Harriet,  youngest  dau.  of  W.  A. 
F.  Hay,  esq.  late  Sd  Guards. 

Lately.  At  Paris,  B.  Peyton  Sadler,  esq. 
R.N.  to  Cath.  Barnard,  dau.  of  the  late  W. 
Skinner,  eso. At    Paris,    Vise.  Stuart, 


«ldest  son  of  th«  Earl  of  Cattle  Stnart,  to 
Eromeline,  sole  surviving  child  of  the  late 
Benj.  Bathurst,  Esq.  and  gnuid-daughter  to 
the  Bp.  of  Norwich.  At  Cheltenham, 
R.  A.  Bradshaw,  esq.  R.N.  ioa  of  i^neral 
Bradshaw,  to  Deeima,  yooogett  dau.  of  the 
lateRev.Dr.Tomkym,  of  Boqkenhill-park, 
Herefordshire.  At  St.  Gorge's,  iiano^ 
ver-square,  the  Hon.  H.  T.  LowiT  Corry, 
M.P.  for  Tyrone,  son  of  the  Earl  of  Belmbre, 
to  Lady  H.  A.  Ashley  Cooper,  duu  of  the  Earl 
of  Shaftesbury. 

Mar.  I .  At  Twickenluuny  John  Geo.  Edw. 
Pocock,  esq.  eldnt  ton  of  Sir  Geo.  Pooock, 
Bart,  to  A«giuta  Elinor,  tidett  dan.  of  (he 
late  Hon.  T.  W.  Coventry,  of  North-Cray- 
place,  Kent,  and  nieoe  to  the  Earl  of  Coven- 
try.  2.    At  Leaton,  eo.  Nottt.  Arthur 

J.  BUckwood,  etq.  ton  o£  the  Hon.  Sir  H. 
BUok  wood,Bart.  K.C  JS.  to  CecHia  Georgina, 
widow  of  the  late  Joha  Wriefat,  jun.  eta 
8.  At  Elgin,  N.B.  the  Rev.  Chat.  Fvvie, 
M.A.  Invemetty  to  Miet  Duff  Maefiurlane, 
youngett  dan.  cldit  lata  Rt.  Rcy.  Bp.  Mae- 
fcrlaalid  t.  The  Rev.  Mr.  Hinde,  locmn- 
bent  of  Featherttooe,  Yorkthire,  to  Anne, 
dan.  of  G.  HamoMrtOBy  etq.  of  Hollint,  near 
Burnley.  At  Kennbgton,  Robert  St. 

George,  esq.  of  Baylief  Caole,  «o.  Kilkenny, 
brother  of  Sir  Rieh.  B.  St.  George,  Bart,  ftu 
Rebecca,  widow  bf  J.  Simpton,  etq.  late  of 

Piecadillyd 9.     At  St.  Panerw,  J.  Bow- 

linff,  etq.  8d  Guardt,  to  Annie,  eldest  dau. 
ofASaJdr  Elridgton,  Resident  Governor,  of 

the  Tower. 10.  At  St.  George's,  Hano- 

-  ver^uare,  Grantham-Munton,  youngest 
aon  of  Vioe-Adm.  Sir  Jot.  S.  Yorice,  K.C.B. 
M. P.  to  Marian  Emily  y-eldest  dau.  of  the  late 

SirH.C  Montgomery,  Bart. IS.    At 

St.  Margaret's,  Westminster,  Mr.  H.  Voisey 
Murch,  of  Belmont  Terrace,  Vauxhall,  to 
Caroline,  dau.  of  Major  B.  D.  Hooke,  late 

of  Royal  Art. lb*.  At  St.  Mary's,  Maiy- 

lebfMMy  Wm.  Coles  Medlycott;  esq.  onlj  son 
of  Sir  Wm.  Coles  Medlycott,  Bart,  of  Ben 
House,  Somerset,  to  S^nh  Jeffery  Bradford, 
onlr  dau.  of  the  Rev.  £.  Bradliud,  Rector 

of  Stalbridge,  Dorset. 17.  AtBathwick, 

the  Rev.  John  S.  Jeokinsun,*tecond  ton  of 
Gen.  Jenkioson,  to  Harriet  Caroline  Augntta 
Grev,  third  dau.  of  the  late  Hon.  Sir  George 
Grey,  Baru  K.C.B. 


1850.] 


(    *iC7     ] 


OBITUARY. 


L^BO  Rbomdals. 

Jaji.  16.  At  bit  •««!,  Bmifonl  Park* 
near  Moraioii  in  the  Marth,  Glouceitar- 
ibire,  after  a  thuit  iUn«M,  a^edSI,  the 
Rigbt  Hon.  Jobn  Milford,  Baron  Redaa- 
dale,  of  Redetdala  in  Nortbumberlaudy 
a  Privy  Councillor  of  Great  Britain  and 
Ireland,  a  Lord  of  Trade  and  Planta- 
tiont,  F.R.S.  and  ¥S^ 

Lord  Rcdaadale  waa  deteended  from 
tbe  ancient  family  of  Mitford,  of  Mit- 
lord  Cattle,  in  Nortbumberland ;  and 
waa  born  Auguat  18,  1748,  tbe  younger 
aon  of  Joba  Mitford,  Etq.,  lome  time 
oi  Lincoln's  Inn,  by  Philadelpbia,  daogb* 
ter  of  William  Reveley,of  Newby  Wisk, 
in  Yorktbire,  £«q.,  and  a  first  cousin  to 
Huieb  Doke  of  Nortbumberland,  wbose 
Botber,  Mrs.  Smitbson,  was  also  a  Pbi- 
ladrlpbia,  daogbter  of  William  ReveUy, 
Esq.,  and  waa  aunt  to  Mrs.  Mitford. 
HU  elder  brotber.  Col.  William  Mitford, 
M.P.  was  tbe  escrllent  Historian  of 
Greece;  be  died  in  1897,  wben  some 
memoirs  of  bim  were  publisbed  in  onr 
▼ol.  xcvii.  i.  868,  886. 

Lord  Redesdale  was  educated  at  Wio- 
ebester  Scbool  and  New  Collrite,  Ox- 
ford, and  was  a  student  at  tbe  Temple, 
wbere  be  was  called  to  tbe  bar.  He  be- 
came a  distinfuisbed  Cbancery  pleader  i 
and  publisbed,  in  I787»  a  very  valuable 
work  **  On  tbe  Pleadings  in  Suits  in  tbe 
Court  of  Cbancery  by  Engliab  Bill,"  of 
wbieh  a  second  edition  was  printed  in 
1804.  He  was  first  returned  to  Parlia- 
ment at  tbe  eloae  of  1788,  tbrougb  tbe 
interest  of  bis  cousin  tbe  Duke  of  Nor- 
tbumberland, on  a  vacancy  for  Beeral- 
stoii ;  to  wbicb  be  was  re-elected  on  tbe 
fallowing  July,  on  occasion  of  bis  bav- 
Inf  been  appointed  a  Welcb  Judge  { 
again  at  tbe  general  election  in  1790» 
and  a  fourtb  time  in  1793,  on  being  ap- 
pointed Solicitor-general  to  his  Majesty. 
Jn  that  situation  be  succeeded  tbe  pre* 
tent  Earl  of  Eldun  i  and  be  received,  in 
consequence  of  tbe  appointment,  tbe 
bonour  of  koigbtbood  Feb.  15,  1793. 
In  1799  be  succeeded  to  tbe  post  of 
Attorney-general  I  be  was  toon  after 
returned  for  Eaat  Looe,  and  wbilst  re- 
presenting tbat  borougb  was  eboaea 
Speaker  of  tbe  House  of  Commons^  Feb. 
II,  1801.  He  occupied  tbe  cbair,  bow- 
ever,  only  during  tbat  session  and  a 
pan  of  tbe  neat  i  at,  in  February  1 80S, 
be  was  appointed  Lord  Higb  CbAncellor 
of  Ireland,  and  ia  cooaequance  raised  to 
tbe  digolty  of  a  Pear  of  Grtat  Britain, 
by  paitni  dated  Feb.  i&  tbal  year  (tbt 


nintb  anniversary  of  bis  knigbtbood). 
Tbe  unsettled  state  of  Ireland  made  him 
reiy  unpopular  to  tbe  Catholic  party, 
and  he  was  removttd  from  the  Cbancery 
Bench  by  the  Whig  adminiu ration  of 
1806,  of  which  be  loudly  complained. 
Lord  Redesdale  has  subsequently  been 
always  considered  a  very  high  legal  au- 
thority in  appeals  and  couiniitcevs  of 
the  Hou«e  of  Lords.  The  benevolent 
measure  of  affording  relief  to  men  in  a 
state  of  insolvency  originated  entirely 
with  bis  Lordship ;  and,  however  much 
tbe  privilege  may  have  been  abused  by 
fraudulent  individuals,  tlie  Insolvent 
Debtors*  laws  will  be  a  lasting  monu- 
ment to  the  philanthropy  of  Lord  Re- 
desdale. 

His  Lordship  published,  in  1813, 
"  Observations  occasioned  by  a  Pamph- 
let, entitled  *  Objections  to  the  Project 
of  creating  a  Vice-Cbanccllor  of  Eng- 
land.'" This  is  preserved  in  the  Pam- 
phleteer. 

Lord  Redesdale  married,  June  6,  1803, 
Lady  Frances  Perceval,  seventh  daugh- 
ter of  Jobn  second  Earl  of  Egmont,  and 
sitter  to  the  Right  Hon.  Spencer  IVrre- 
val  and  to  tbe  present  Lord  Arden.  Tbe 
marriage  was  solemniaed  by  tbe  Hon. 
Dr.  Barrington,  Bishop  of  Durham,  at 
St.  George's,  Hanover-square.  Lady 
Redesdale,  who  died  August  S8,  I8l7» 
gave  birth  to  one  son  and  two  daugh- 
ters:—I.  tbe  Hon.  Franoes-Elixabetb 
Mitford;  S.  tbe  Right  Hod.  John  Tbo- 
mas  now  Lord  Redesdale;  and  3.  tba 
Hon.  Catherine,  who  died  in  181). 

Tbe  will  of  Lord  Redesdale  has  bean 
proved  at  Doctors'  Commons.  His 
Lorcbhip  bequeaths  tbe  whole  of  bia 
real  and  personal  estate  to  bis  son  tbe 
present  Lord,  subject  to  a  legacy  of 
90,0001.  and  an  annuity  of  4001.  to  bia 
daughter.  Tbe  pergonal  property  waa 
sworn  under  60,0001. 

Lord  GaAVia. 

Feb.  7.  At  bis  lodginp  in  Hanovtf 
street,  aged  54,  tbe  Right  Hon.  Tbomaa 
North  Graves,  second  Lord  Gravaa,  Ba* 
ron  of  Gravesend,  co.  Londoodfriy, 
Treasurer  and  ComptroUar  of  tba  Uouie- 
bold  of  the  Duka  of  Sussex,  and  a  Cos* 
miationer  of  Excise. 

His  Lordabip  was  bom  May  98,  1775, 
tbe  alder  son  of  Thomas  tbe  first  Lord 
Graves,  who  was  raised  to  the  peerage 
in  1794,  ior  bis  share  in  Lord  Howe's 
victory  in  tbat  >aar,  and  other  eminaoc 
naval  services,  by  EUsabetb»  daughter 


269 


Obitva&t.— Lord  Gratei. 


^Uundfaiy 


and  cobcims  of  WilRam  Peere-WUliaaii, 
of  CaJbayf  id  DeTon^bire,  Cm|.  He 
turecedcd  bb  fatbcr  in  tbc  title  Feb.  9f 
180*9  i  and  sarried,  on  the  97tb  of  Jane 
in  ibe  foUowinf  7W»  Lady  Mary  Paget* 
Ahk  nrnl  jeongest  daogfiter  of  Henrf 
Ant  Earl  of  IJibridgey  and  lister  to  tbe 
pment  MaR|oii  of  Angleacj,  K.  G.  and 
flCB.  Hii  Lordsbip  waf  eirctcd  M.P. 
for  OabbaBptod  at  tbe  general  election 
in  1819,  and  appointed  one  of  the  Lorda 
of  bit  Maje»t/i  Bedehaaber  inly  I3» 
T8I3.  Jn  that  capneity  be  attended 
apon  bia  present  Majettj  on  botb  bit 
irhiti  to  Ireland  and  Scotland. 

Lord  Graves  «as  not  retomed  to  par^ 
lisAent  in  1818,  bat  in  1890  and  1896 
was  elected  for  GhikbJi0pton,vbieb  scat 
be  Tacated  in  18979  by  aecrpiing  of  tbe 
appointment  of  a  Commmioocr  of  Ex- 
cise. It  was  at  tbe  same  tInM  tbxt  he 
migned  bis  post  of  a  liord  of  the  Bed- 
cbambcr. 

Lord  Graves  terminated  bis  life  by 
raicidcy  onder  circumstances  nbieb 
awakened  nracb  pemilar  attention.  On 
tbe  pnevioos  day  be  bad  attended  Ui 
doty  as  CommisskMicr  of  Escise,  and 
dined  oat  in  tbe  evening  with  Sir  Gccwgt 
iforray:  be  breakfasted  late  on  Sonday, 
but  was  cbecrfol}  and  was  to  have 
dined  oot  again  on  that  day  with  bift 
brotber-in-law  tbe  Marquis  of  Angle* 
•ey,  when,  in  tbe  short  interval  be- 
tween three  o'clock  and  tbe  boor  of 
dreistng  tat  dinner,  be  flrst  despatebed 
a  letter  to  Lady  G^ves,  at  Hampton* 
oourty  by  one  of  tbe  coacbes,  and  then 
perpetrated  tbe  fatal  act.  Tbe  vcfdict 
of  a  eorooer^s  inqoest  was,  ^Tbat  tbe 
defeased  died  by  a  wound  inflicted  by 
bimielf  on  bis  throat,  in  a  sudden  fit  of 
delirium.**  One  part  of  tbe  aflkir  Is 
Mill  enveloped  in  much  mysterv,  but  it 
appears  too  probable  that  bis  Lordship 
frll  a  viciim  to  hi*  own  nice  sense  A 
bonoor,  which  was  wounded  by  a  num- 
ber of  milictous  reports  circulated  re- 
tpeefing  bit  lady,  whirb  bad  formed 
1M  subject  of  caricatures. 

Lady  Graves  bad  been  separated  from 
bis  Lordthip  for  some  monlhf,  and  we 
are  told  tbat  tbe  letter  before- mentioned 
was  an  ai.swer  to  one  in  which  tbe  had 
teqtie«ted  nn  interview  en  Monday,  and 
tbM  tbe  fnmily  dinner  at  Lord  Angle- 
sey's was  )nfei»ded  for  tbe  arrangement 
of  totBe  mntferi  which  were  flo  be  n 
soH^<^  ^  difsevstron  at  that  interview. 

l>ord  Graves  wa«  in  perfon  tall  and 
portly ;  in  mnvi^^t  amiaM^,  gf^id-na- 
lored,  snd  unalfeeffd.  W^  n^d  not 
say,  fberefor^,  thaf  he  it  i*ff^i\r4  by  n 
large  nrele  of  ae«|ffatMsn^M,  to  whfrm 
h'n  msnn^rv  and  c/mpani'mablr  ti^nh" 
fres  rendered  ffim  S':ceptsl/le,  nif6  that 


tbc  aaciaiicholy  termination  of  his  fife 
is  deeply  deplored  by  those  friends  and 
relations  by  whom  his  temper  and  diaF- 
position  made  bim  beloved. 

Lady  Graves  was  at  one  tinse  consi- 
dered a  beaoty,  and  ia  stil  tboogbt  to 
lie  a  very  fine  wommi,  ahbuugh  the  ne- 
cessity oif  wearing  glasses,  from  a  sKghK 
shortness  of  sight,  somewhat  dimt- 
liislics  tbe  first  imprvssioBa  of  ber  i 


w  ne   very     prcposscmfi^ 

Her  Ladyship  bsd  occwpied,  ftr  abowC 

Seven  monfbs,  n  gnuntows  residence 

assigned  her  at  Hampton  cnwt,  a  limited 

Incmne  and  large  family  pimsulBg  bis 

Lordship  from  kcepiog  am  a 

ment.    Tbeir  dnldrmi    (of 

survive)  were  live  sons       

ters  :^1.  tbe  Right  Hoa  WiBlnmTfcfr. 
mas  now  Lord  GraveSy  bora  in  I804, 
and  now  a  Captritt  m  tbe  9d  Foot 
Guards ;  9.  tbe  How.  laBe-Awwe ;  S. 
tbe  Hon.  Cainliwe-Hmih  ;  4.  tbe  Hes. 
LouisaEKt^betb,  mmtlid,  iw  If9r.  cw 
Charies  Heneageb  Es^  ntpfcie  to  Lnvil 
Tarboroogb;  S.  the  He«.  Mm^Efiaa- 
betb-Cbarlotte,  who  died  in  lt9r,  aged 
17  ;  6.  tbe  Boa.  Awgttn-Cfcsmpngii  1 1 
7.-  tbe  How.  HestcMIhnfflolflc;  t.  tbe 
Hon.  George- .^ngwstws- Frederick-Cla- 
rence; 9-  tbeHow.lmbdla-LetiJn;  ML 
the  Hon.  Hciify-Richafd  j  11.  the  B»3. 
Adolpbos-Edwafd-FsfCf ;  and  19.  the 
Hon.  i^Bget-Tfefasis,  who  dmd  ia 
Hi  bis  first  year. 

The  leamins  of  Lmd 
posited  in  the  vaalt  ef 
llcgent«stfect,  btsng  the 
of  iiiterawat  to  the  hoam  in  wiatih  he 
died. 


Riewr  Haik  G 
-   Jms.95.  At  hi 
aged  68,  the  Bight 
MlMbr 
Mr. 


tile  ih.fi  nae« 
LLu&ialTM.    Wn  daarinaciim  w lllh 
was  tbe  bar»  to  which  ho  <«ih>  .milint.  li 
which,  flam  the  dstsme  » 
then,  Ms  pcivam  furiwnw 
early  to  iifca  liah  far  tbw 


ObfectafbiaambitiowybnbaMWiaaiaam- 
fbar,  by  the  poUicaiiun  ef  'YW  Iknl 
Bitantiiiw  of  the  Ewt  ledh  Cu 
pith 

of  Sir 
i%cr  Ctir  Coli.be seat,  m 


1830.] 


Obituart.— iZig^  Hon.  George  Tiemey. 


U9 


IT88,  ibr«M«l  tm  optttinic  in  tbt  Hmitt 
«f  Com  mom,  wbicb  appeared  co  Mr.Tieiw 
Ofj  to  be  suiled  lo  bit  rie«i.  Tbe  step 
%•«§  a  bold  oae ;  for  Colcbetter  irat  a 
burouf  b  faqioot  for  tbe  leimtb  aod  rV- 
fu«r  of  iit  cunteeiti  and  tbe  expentei 
tbejr  eii^ndered  were  pruuned  to  bavtt 
eoaihbuted  to  ibe  rain  of  no  lets  tban 
three  fjenclemeo  wbo  bad  been  eaodi* 
dates  during  tbe  pteeeding  tbirfeen  yearf 
•— Alexander  FordycOfEfq.  tbe  celebrated 
banker,  Mr.  Robert  Mayne,  of  tbe  same 
profeesiony  and  Mr.  Cbrtsiopber  Potter, 
all  of  wboin  appeared  as  bankrupts  soon 
after  tbe  eonelasion  of  tbeir  contests. 
Not  intimidated,  boweeer,  Mr.  Tiemey 
stood  for  wbat  was  termed  tbe  popular 
Interest,  in  opposition  to  Geor|:e  Jack* 
eon,  Rtq.  wbo  was  after  wards  Judfe  Ad* 
vocate  of  tbo  Fleet,  and  wbo  was  created 
a  Baronet  in  1791.  Botb  candidates  bad 
an  eipial  nnmber  of  votes,  and  in  oonse* 
quenee  tbere  was  a  double  retnrn  t  but 
oo  ibe  1st  of  April  1789,  tbe  Committew 
appointed  to  try  the  Election  reported 
that  Geor|(e  Tiemey,  Esq.  was  duly 
elected.  In  the  followln|t  year,  howerer, 
at  the  Koneral  eUctlun,  the  tables  were 
reverted :  Mr.  Jackson  was  returned  t 
and,  ON  Mr.  Tierney's  petition,  the  Com- 
mittee reported,  April  4,  179I»  that  it 
**  was  frivolous  and  vexations."  The 
Duke  of  Portland,  then  at  tbe  bead  of 
tbe  opposition,  was  said  to  have  oiider* 
taken  to  defray  the  expenies  incurrei) ) 
but  Mr.  Albany  Wallls,  %*ho  acted  at  Mr. 
Ttemry's  af^ent,  bavin|(  endeavoured,  af* 
ter  that  nobleman  bad  cbsnfed  bis  poli- 
ties, and  obtained  a  bl^  and  Iterative 
situation,  to  refresh  bis  memory  by  a  bill 
in  Chancery,  tbe  matter  was  stopped  by 
tbe  Lord  Chancellor,  wlio  deemed  it 
highly  indecorous  to  make  disclosures 
likely  t(>  brinf^  tbe  representation  of  the 
country  into  disrepute.  Mr.Tlferney  pub» 
lisked  in  4to.  1791.  *'  Two  Letters,  ad- 
dressed to  tbe  Right  Hon.  Henry  Duodas, 
and  the  Hon.  Henry  Hobart,  on  tl»e  cofi- 
duet  adopted  respeeiiiig  tbe  Coleheater 
Prtition." 

Having  oontlnned  his  feicarnbes  on  In* 
dia  affeirs,  in  tbe  same  year  be  aleo  pnl^ 
Hthe<l, "  A  Letter  to  the  Rt.  Hon.  Henry 
D«udas,oii  the  situation  of  tbe  East  India 
Company."  This  pamphlet,  which  was 
anonymous,  produced  an  able  and  satis* 
factory  rrply,  written  by  Mr.Getirge  An» 
derson,  wbo,  from  tbe  lowest  line  of  life, 
raised  himself  by  bit  talrnts  to  the  situa- 
tion of  Aecomptant  In  the  Commission 
nert*  Ofllce  for  tbe  Affairs  of  India.  Mr. 
Tiemey  then  publitbed,  with  Ids  name, 
**  A  Letter  to  tbe  Ri|cbt  Hon.  Heniy 
Dundas,  on  tbe  statement  of  tlie  AiTairt 
of  tbe  Ease  India  Company,  lately  pub- 
liabed  by  George  An«lef(iMi,  Eaq.'~ 


•• 


Mr.  Tiemey  bad  now  bicome  ao  mUeh 
of  a  poblio  character,  tkat,  at  tbe  geno» 
ral  eiectioQ  in  1796,  be  was  invited  to 
stand  for  8outbwark ;  and  a  subseriptioA 
was  raised  to  bring  him  Jn  free  of  ea* 
pense.  His  competitor  was  the  but 
Oeorge  Woodford  Tbelussen,  Esq.  a  Di«> 
rector  of  the  East  India  Company,  and 
brut  her  to  the  first  Lord  Rendlosbam^ 
wbo  is  said  to  have  been  connected  witb 
Mr.  Tiemey  by  marriage  i  but  bow  wi 
are  not  informed,  except  that  bis  bro*> 
tber  Charles  Tbelusson,  Esq.  married  a 
Miss  Roberta.  Mr.  Tbelusaon  bad  a  do* 
eisive  majority  on  tbe  poll  i  hot  Mr.  Tlet^ 
wtjt  not  discouraged  by  bis  ill  snecoss  ua 
a  former  similar  occasion,  prepared  m 
petition,  and  after  au  investigation  be* 
fore  a  Committee,  at  which  he  acted  at 
bit  own  counsel,  obtained  a  decision  that 
Mr.  Tbelosson*s  election  was  void,  in 
consequenee  of  bis  having  aeted  "  lo 
violatioo  of  the  Statute  of  tbe7tb  of  Wil* 
liam  HI.  cap.  4,  [commonly  called  tbe 
Treating  Act,]  whereby  be  is  incapacl* 
lated  to  serve  in  Parliament  upon  sueb 
election."  On  the  new  election  which  in 
consequence  took  place,  Mr.Theluason 
again  attained  a  majority  on  the  piill) 
but,  on  another  petititm  from  Mr.  Tler» 
ney,  it  was  determined  that  tbe  formef 
was  not  eligible,  and  that  tbe  latter  was 
duly  elected,  who  thus  waa  at  length 
fairly  seated  by  tbe  mere  operation  ef 
tbe  Treating  Act  and  perseverance. 

Mr. Tiemey  now  beelme  a  constant 
attendant  in  tlie  boose,  a  frequent  de* 
bater,  and  an  active  opponent  of  Mr. 
IHtt,  aod  the  war  with  France.  In  1 797 
be  was  Chairman  of  a  Committee  on  a 
bill  to  prevent  '*  tbe  forestalling  and  re* 
grating  of  cattlci*'  which  was  opposed  by 
Mr.  Dondas,  wbo  contended  that  tbe 
measure  was  founded  upon  ideas  which 
bad  been  exploded  by  tbe  writingt  of  Ur* 
Adam  Smith.  Tbe  bill  was  re)erted  bjr 
tbe  bouse  by  a  majority  of  thirty-two.   - 

During  ilie  debate  on  the  bill  «Mor 
tuspeikding  Seametrs  Prut eci Ions,**  oo 
Friday  May  So,  1798,  Mr.  Pitt  wast  brow» 
off  bis  gwaril,  and  deelartd,  that  **  be 
considered  Mr.Tierney's  opposition  at 
l>rocee(tin;  from  a  wish  to  tnip*'de  the 
service  of  tbe  ei»untry."  For  this  Ex- 
pression tbe  Speaker,  at  Mr.Tiemcy*i 
de<(ire,  required  an  apology  i  but  Mr. 
Pitt  immediately  replied  that,  «•  If  bo 
were  railed  on  to  explain  -away  anything 
which  be  bad  said,  tbo  Hoose  might  wait 
long  enoogbforsuch  an  explanation.  He 
was  of  opiokio  that  tbe  honourable  gen* 
ticrosfi  was  opposing  a  necessary  Men* 
tore  for  the  deifence  of  the  conntnr,  and 
therefHO  be  sbooUl  neitbor  exfilaln  ifor 
retract  any  panicle  of  what  ho  had  saM 
oo  tbe  tuhject,**    Nothing  Airthor  waa 


«70 


Obituary*— JR^/il  Hon^  Georgi  Tierney, 


[March, 


9aid  in  the  bouse ;  bat  Mr.  Tieroey 
tboQf  bt  it  necetiary  to  demand  in  pri- 
Tate  tbat  tatitfaetion  wbicb  tbe  Speaker 
bad  been  unable  to  procure  for  bim.  A 
duel  in  eontequence  took  place  on  tbe 
Sunday  followini^,  of  wbicb  one  of  tbe 
newspapers  publisbed  tbe  ensuing  ac- 
count t  **  We  are  aotborised  to  state, 
tbat,  in  coniequence  of  wbat  passed  on 
Friday  last,  (wbicb  produced  a  cballenge 
finofls  Mr.Tierney,J  Mr.  Pitt,  accompa- 
nied by  Mr.  Ryder,  and  Mr.  Tierney,  ac- 
companied by  Mr.  George  Walpole,  met 
at  three  o'clock  yesterday  afternoon  on 
Putney-beatb.  After  some  ineffectual 
attempts  on  tbe  part  of  tbe  seconds  to 
prevent  furtber  proceedings,  tbe  parties 
took  tbe  ground  at  tbe  distance  of  twelve 
paces*  A  case  of  pistols  was  fired  at  tbe 
same  moment  witbout  effect  i  a  second 
case  was  also  fired  in  tbe  same  manner, 
Mr.  Pitt  firing  bis  pistol  in  tbe  air;  tbe 
seconds  tben  jointly  interfered,  and  in- 
sisted tbat  tbe  matter  sbould  go  no  fur- 
tber, it  being  tbeir  decided  opinion  tbat 
sufficient  satisfaction  bad  been  given, 
and  tbat  tbe  business  was  ended  witb' 
perfect  bonour  to  botb  parties."— Mr. 
Speaker  Addington  and  olber  friends  of 
tbe  combatants  were  on  tbe  ground,  in 
great  anxiety  as  to  tbe  result. 

On  tbe  dissolution  in  180S,  a  tbird 
candidate  started  for  Soutbwark  in  addi- 
tion to  tbe  late  members.  Tliis  was  Sir 
Tboroas  Turton,  a  gentleman  bred  to 
tbe  bar,  and  wbo  was  greatly  attached 
to  Mr.  Pitt,  under  whose  administration, 
in  1796,  be  bad  been  created  a  Baronet. 
Tbe  government  of  tbe  country  bad, 
however,  recently  changed  bands,  Mr. 
Addington  being  now  Prime  Minister, 
and  it  was  conjectured  that  Mr.Tieniey 
also  was  about  to  take  office.  Thus,  while 
on  the  one  hand  the  powers  of  court  in- 
fluence ceased  to  be  exercised  against  Mr. 
Tierney,  he  was  deserted  by  many  of  tbe 
most  lealous  of  bis  former  **  indepen- 
dent" adherents.  He  was,  however,  found 
successful  at  the  close  of  tbe  poll,  wbicb 
was  as  follows : 

Henry  Thornton,  E«q.  .  .  1644 
George  Tierney,  E^q.  .  .  1395 
Sir  Tbos.  Turton,  Bart.  .  .  1S26 
On  the  1st  of  June,  1803,  Mr.  Tierney 
was  sworn  a  Privy  Counsellor,  as  Trea- 
surer of  the  Navy ;  a  new  writ  for  Soutb- 
wark was  tbe  same  day  ordered,  and  be 
was  re-elected.  In  consequence  of  bis 
official  appointment,  be  soon  after  be- 
<:ame  Lieutenant-Colonel  Commandant 
of  tbe  Somerset  House  Volunteers,  con- 
sisting of  tbe  clerks  and  domestics  be- 
longing to  the  public  offices.  He  was 
also  elected  to  the  same  rank  in  a  regi- 
ment raised  among  bis  constituents,  in 
tbe  Borough  of  Soutbwark.    Witb  tbe 


latter  corps  be  bad  some  disagreement 
at  the  beginning  of  1804,  in  conaequence 
of  tbe  men  having  considered  they  bad  a 
right  to  elect  their  officers  in  tbe  case  of 
vacancies,  as  well  as  in  tbe  first  inttaoee ; 
and,  although  the  Lieatenant-Colomel 
was  borne  out  by  Government  in  bis  right 
of  patronage,  be  soon  after  thought  it 
desirable  to  resign  bis  commiuion. 

Having  retired  from  office  with  Mr. 
Addington  in  May  1804,  (when  Mr.  Can- 
ning succeeded  him  as  Treasurer  of  tbe 
Navy,)  be  was  examined  by  tbe  Commis- 
sioners, while  occupied  in  drawing  up 
tbeir  Tenth  Report,  and  answered  to 
their  satisfaction.  When  tbe  eonduct  of 
Lord  Melville,  in  a  previous  administra- 
tion of  the  same  office,  became  a  sul^eet 
of  investigation,  Mr.  Tierney,  10  accor- 
dance with  bis  uniform  hostility  against 
that  nobleman,  joined  in  tbe  vote  of  cen- 
sure ;  and  for  ao  doing  leceived  the 
thanks  of  bis  constituents. 
•  On  tbe  30tb  of  September,  1806,  Mr. 
Tierney  was  appointed  President  of  tbe 
Board  of  Contronl  for  tbe  Affairs  of  I  ndia . 
A  new  writ  for  Soutbwark  was  ordered ; 
but,  before  tbe.  election  came  on,  tbe 
Parliament  was  dissolved. 

At  the  general  electkm  Sir  Tbomas 
Turton  at  length  took  tbe  plaee  of  Mr. 
Tierney ;  wbo  was  eontentcd  to  be  re- 
turned for  tbe  Borough  of  Athlone  ;  as  in 
tbe  next  Pariiament,on  a  vacancy  short- 
ly after  tbe  general  election,  be  was  for 
Bandoo-bridge.  lo  the  same  way  be- 
entered  tbe  Parliament  of  1819,  as  mem- 
ber for  Appleby  1  and  at  tbe  elections  of 
1818,  18S0,  and  1886  be  was  returned 
for  Knaresborougb. 

With  Lord  Greoville'a  administratMHi, 
Mr.  Tiemey's  six  months  of  offl«e  eeased ; 
he  again  Joined  the  opposition,  of  which, 
after  tbe  death  of  Mr.  Ponaonby  in  1817, 
be  came  to  be  considered  the  leader  $ 
nor  did  be  return  to  place  till  Mr.  Can- 
ning invited  bim  to  tbe  Ma«iersbip  of 
tbe  Mint,  in  May  18S7.  He  finally  re- 
tired with  Lord  Goderich,  In  January 
18S8.  A  few  days  before  bis  death,  be 
declared  to  a  very  old  and  valued  friend, 
wbo  was  passing  an  hour  or  two  with 
him  in  his  library,  tbat  he  bad  made  up 
bis  mind  to  go  down  to  tbe  House  on  tbe 
first  day  of  tbe  present  Session,  for  tbe 
purpose  of  delivering  his  opiuioo  on  ike 
state  of  tbe  country. 

Mr.  Tierney  bad  laboured  under  an  or- 
gaoic  disease  of  the  heart  for  many  years, 
certainly  more  than  ten,  with  great  tco- 
dency  to  dropsical  effusions  in  tbe  chest 
and  in  tbe  limbs,  attended  with  eoogb 
and  difficult  in  breathing,  when  ascend- 
ing stairs  or  walking  on  oocvcn  gnHMid. 
His  mind  was  always  cbeerfol^  aad  tbe 
fatal  malady  never  produced  tbe  least 


1830.1 


OBiTOAtT.— KifM  Hon.  G§or§€  Tienuy. 


971 


deprcnlon  of  ipirtu.    Hit  eoaipUint  wat 
freatly  rtliered  by  medicioct,  liroBi  time 
tu  tim^,  to  that  bo  %ient  oot  into  com- 
l»«ny  to  tbo  Utt.    Tbo  day  before  bit 
death,  be  wat  renarkably  cbeeKul.    A 
friend  cal!ed  upon  bim,  and  fuand  bim 
rtadinf  Lord  B>  ron't  Life.    Tbcy  talked 
and  lauf  bed  on  variout  tubjeett  for  balf 
an  buur»  and  Mr.Tiemry  never  appeared 
in  bifber  tpiritt.    Tbe  day  on  wbicb  he 
died,  be  trantaeted  bntinett,  and  was 
very  cheerful.    Between  two  and  three, 
Lieutenant-Colonel  Pbippt  (we  believe 
bit  nephew)  called,  who  before  tbe  Co- 
.roner't  Inquett  made  the  following  ttate- 
ment:    ''I  bad  been   converting  with 
Mrt.  Tiemey  in  tbe  drawing-room ;  and, 
witbing  to  tee  Mr.llemey,  I  proceeded 
to  tbe  library  to  tpeak  to  him.    Hit  ter- 
vaat  announced  me,  and  I  entered  and 
taw  bim  titting  in  hit  chair,  in  the  atti- 
tude of  tleep.    1  wat  tiruck  with  the 
palenett  of  bit  countenance,  but  with- 
drew, leaving  the  tervaut  tu  approach 
bim.    Tbe  tervant  almott  immedittely 
eame  back  to  me,  atkirig  me  to  return  to 
the  room,  at  be  vat  afraid  bit  matter 
wat  dead.    I  immediately  complied,  and 
on  looking  at  tbe  deoeated  dotely,  I  wat 
convinced  that  tuch  wat  the  fact  i    be 
bad  cea«ed  to  breathe.*' 

Tbe  verdict  of  tbe  inquett  wat,  **  that 
tbe  deceased  died  a  natural  death  by  tbe 
vUitation  of  God,  occasioned  by  enlarge- 
ment of  the  heart." 

Hit  pbytician  wat  of  opinion,  that, 
feeling  perhapt  a  little  faint  or  drowty, 
Mr. Tiemey  had  reclined  bit  bead  againtt 
tbe  chair,  and  tbut  changed  tbe  one  ttate 
of  esitteuce  for  the  other,  not  only  with- 
out tbe  tligbtett  pain,  but  without  the 
least  contcioutnett  of  tbe  awful  tran- 
•ition. 

Mr.  Tiemey  married,  at  Stapleton  in 
Gloucetter»hire,July  10,1789*  Mitt  Mil- 
ler of  that  place.  By  that  lady,  who 
turvivet  bim,  be  it  taid  to  have  bad  a 
large  fiamilyy  but  we  are  not  acquainted 
wiib  itt  number  or  detiinaiion  in  life. 

With  regard  to  Mr.  Tiemey *t  charac- 
ter and  talentt,  we  tball  quote  t(»me  of 
the  principal  neurtpapert.  The  following 
it  from  tbe  Timet :  *'  Mr. Tiemey  mutt 
be  tbe  latt  of  nearly  ten  of  that  galaxy 
of  talent,  which  illuminated  the  House 
of  Commons  by  itt  brilliancy,  from  the 
dote  of  tbe  American  War,  and  during 
tbe  tempettuout  teason  of  the  French 
Revolution*  Fox,  Bar ke, Sheridan, Wind- 
bam,  Pitt,  are  all  gone  before  bim.  In- 
ferior in  brilliance,  but  almott  equal  in 
argument,  to  Foe,  lew  burdened  with 
ibe  trappings  of  learning,  and  lett  per- 
plexed with  tbe  reftnementt  of  metapby- 
tics,  than  Burke  or  Windham,— teeond 
in  wit,  bat  more  abounding  in  wisdom. 


than  Sheridan,— lett  aooorout  and  im- 
poaing  tban  Pitt,*-Mr.  Tiemey  wat  ge- 
nerally beard  with  attention  equal  tu 
any  «f  these  illuttriout  pertont,  in  tbe 
debate }  and,  if  be  could  not  tocceed  in 
carrying  the  opiniont  he  etpooted,  be    ' 
teldom  allowed  bia  advmarict  to  boatt 
of  a  pertonal  triumph  over  bim  at  their 
advocate.    Mr.Tiemey't  speeebet  were 
more  like  eoUoquial  good  tente  tpoken 
in  tbe  parlour,  tban  lofty  or  ttudied  elo- 
quence uttered  in  the  tenate ;  and  be 
wat  therefore  tpared  the  pain  of  many  a 
broken  metaphor  and  redundant  daute, 
given  merely  to  round  a  tentence.    He 
wat  tagaciout  in  an  eminent  degree.   Hit 
enemiet  have  given  the  qudity  a  lett 
engaging  epithet ;  but,  whether  it  were 
tagacity  or  cunning,  in  him  it  wat  a  pure 
and  oteful  quality  :   for  it  it  but  too  ob- 
viout  that  it  wat  never  exerted  to  pro- 
mote hit  own  pertonal  interettt.  Perhapt 
there  might  be  tbe  less  disposition  abroad 
to  excuse  or  pardon  it  to  itt  pottettor, 
because  it  was  but  too  ohtn  tuccettfuUy 
exercised  in  detecting  and  exposing  tbe 
telfisb  motivet  of  othert." 

Tbe  following  remarkt  are  from  tbe 
Morning  Chronicle :  "  At  a  speaker,  Mr. 
Tiemey  was  exceedingly  origind.    Prom 
tbe  moment  be  opened  bit  month  till 
be  tat  down,  tbe  attention  of  bit  bearert 
never  flagged  for  one  moment.    In  a 
ttyle  wbicb  never  rote  above  tbe  collo- 
quial, tbe  mott  cutting  tarcasmt,  level  to 
tbe  mott  ordinary  underttanding,etcaped 
from  him,  at  if  be  were  himself  unaware 
of  their  terrible  effect.    Hit  tneer  wat 
withering.    Of  all  tbe  tpeakert,  contem- 
porarietof  Mr.  Tiemey,  no  one  waa  to 
much  dreaded  at  be  wat.    Hit  imny  wat 
inimitable.    From  tbe  timplidty  of  bit 
language,  tbe  reporter  never  mitundcr- 
ttood  him ;  but  from  tbe  rapidity  of  bit 
colloquial  turat,  and  tbe  inttant  roar 
with  wbicb  they  were  fdlowed  in  tbe 
boute,  it  wat  impoaiible  to  record  all 
that  fell  frt>m  bim;    and  tbe  reportt, 
therefore,  though  dfltost  dways  charac- 
teristic of  him,  were  far  from  complete. 
But  bit  manner  and  intonation  added 
immentely  to  tbe  effect  of  what  be  taid. 
It  wat  the  eonvertation  of  a  shrewd  man 
of  tbe  world,  who  delivered  bit  obterva- 
tiont  on  the  tuk^iect  under  ditcotliion 
with  an  apparent  candour,  which  coo- 
tratted  tingularly  with  tbe  kmtmmg  tooo 
and  look  of  tbe  tpeaker.    Hit  mode  of 
taking  an  argument  to  pieeet  mod  reeon- 
ttrueting  it  in  bit  own  way,  attonitbtd 
bit  bearert,  who  recognised  the  appor 
rent  fidelity  of  tbe  copy,  and  yet  felt  at 
a  lott  bow  be  bad  bimedf  failed  to  per- 
otive,  daring  tbe  preceding  speech,  what 
teemed  now  to  palpably  abturd."    *'  Al- 
though,*'   remarked  the  Globe,   '*  bit 


«7« 


Obituary.!— Bp.  Lusmoor€,'^Bpm  Sandfurd,       [Murch, 


mtoner  vm  coHuquiiil,  tba  eorfcctnett 
of  bit  languai^e  was  remarkable*  and  hit 
rapidity  was  aa  rainaricable  as  bit  cor* 
reetnesa.  It  waa  tome  time  after  p«r« 
oeiTing  tbat  be  never  betiiated  for  a 
word,  tbat  it  was  aekiiowledged  tbat  no 
word  but  tbe  rigbt  one  ever  came  at  bis 
Command ;  he  was  indeed  *  a  well  of 
Englitb  undefiled/  His  reasonini;  and 
bis  wit  werefquallj^  unostentatiaus,  and 
equally  perfect.  It  bas  l>een  said,  his 
kiiuwlcdi^fl  was  limited;  but  we  believe  be 
differed  from  his  contemporaries  not  so 
much  in  knu«»led(;e  as  in  an  indisposi- 
tion to  parade  ai>y  knowledge  in  which 
he  was  nut  a  perfect  master.  If  he  was 
not  so  far  advanced  in  political  economy 
a^  Pitt,  be  avoided  many  of  Pitt's  misr 
takes.  He  waa  a  man  who,  in  tbe  dis- 
cussion of  tbe  greatest  affairs  of  tbe  great- 
est nation,  cuuld  always  be  listened  to 
with  deligbt,except  by  those  whose  weak- 
ness or  hollowncits  he  exposed.*' 

An  eminent  individual,  a  friend  of 
thirty  years  standing,  bas  recorded  bis 
opinion  of  Mr.Tieritey's  private  ebarao- 
ter,  that  **  it  caused  him  to  be  truly  be- 
kkved  by  bit  family,  and  endeared  bim 
to  a  roost  numerous  eircle  of  friends  and 
associates.  No  une  ever  possessed  more 
of  tho«e  amiable  qualities  which  equally 
Adorn  and  enliven  society.  His  wit  was 
ready  and  most  playful,— nevrr  sarcastic, 
or  tinged  with  tbat  degree  of  spleen  so 
often  conspicuous  in  those  who,  like  bim, 
bad  passed  a  long  and  successful  career 
of  political  life,  vmliittered  with  disap- 
pointments. His  conversation  and  ba- 
bitSy  even  in  early  tiff,  never  partook  of 
that  degree  of  Iwity  too  ohm  shown 
when  religious  or  moral  subjects  were 
discussed;  and,  in  his  latter  days,  he 
afforded  to  such  persons  as  Mere  best 
known  to  bim,  considerable  proofs  that 
in  every  thought  and  act  his  mind  was 
influenced  by  careful  obedience  to,  and 
the  truest  sense  of,  pprftfct  Christian  faith 
afid  exemplary  piety.*' 


Dr.  Luxmoore,  Bp.  of  St.  Asaph. 

•/an.  91.  At  the  Palace,  St.  Atapb, 
after  a  few  days  illness,  aged  78,  the 
Right  Rev.  John  Luxmoore,  D.D.  Lord 
Bishop  and  Archdeacon  of  St.  Asaph. 

Dr.  Luxmoore  was  a  roeml>er  of  a 
nomeroua  family  resident  at  Oakbamp- 
tony  in  Devonshire,  and  received  tbe 
rudiments  of  bis  education  at  tbe  Gram- 
mar-school of  Ottery  St.  Mary,  in  that 
county.  He  was  thence  removed  to 
Ktoii,  where  he  was  elected  scbular  in 
1775,  and  in  due  course  became  a  Pel- 
low  of  King's  College,  Cambridge.  He 
proceeded  B.A.  1780,  M.A.  1783;  and, 
having  been  Tutar  to  the  EaK  of  Dal- 


keith (the  late  Duke  of  Burcleugb),  waia 
thiia  introduced  iato  a  rich  career  of 
ptnafcrmcnt.  We  believe  bis  first  atep 
waa  tbe  rectory  of  St.  George'a,  Bloo«i»> 
bury,  which  ia  in  tbe  gift  of  tbe  Lord 
Chancellor,  in  1789;  tbe  next  a  Pre- 
bend of  Canterbury,  in  1793;  then  the 
Deanery  of  Glouceater  in  1799i  by  riiw 
tue  of  which  be  took,  in  tbe  following 
year,  the  lUctbry,  of  Ta3iiton,  whiefa  is 
in  the  gift  of  the  Dean  and  Chapter. 
In  1806,  by  the  direct  |»atronage  (as 
before  by  the  influenoe)  of  tbe  Duke  of 
Buceleugb,  he  obtained  another  pro- 
motion, by  exchanging  St.  George'e, 
Bloomsbury,  for  tbe  Rectory  of  St.  Ai»- 
drew's,  Holbom.  In  1807  be  was  pra- 
fcrreil  to  tbe  Bishoprto  of  Bristol,  va- 
cant on  tbe  traualmtmn  of  Dr.  PMbam 
to  Exeter,  frum  which  Dr.  Fisher  bad 
been  translated  to  Saliaburj,  on  the 
death  of  Bishop  Douglas ;  hi  1808  he 
was  translated  to  Hereford,  on  tbe  re- 
moval of  Dr.  Cornewall  to  Worcetter, 
on  the  decease  o£  Bishof  Hurd,  and 
thereupon  resigned  the  Deanery  of  Gloo- 
eester;  and  Bnally,  in  1815,  to  St. 
Aaaph,  on  tbe  death  of  Dr.  Cleaver,  and 
then  resigned  St.  Andrew's,  Holboni. 

Dr.  Luxnoore'a  publications  were 
few,  and  merely  the  ordinary  results  of 
tbe  routine  of  bis  prefbsaional  duty. 
They  were  **  Concio  apud  Synodom  Caiv- 
tuarieiiaem  mde  Paulina  babita,  1806," 
4to ;  a  Cbaitce  delivered  to  the  Clergy 
of  the  Dioeeae  of  Hereford,  at  bis  Pri- 
mary Visitation  in  1808,  8vo ;  a  Sermon 
preached  before  the  Society  for  the  Pro- 
pagation of  tbe  Gospel  in  Foreign  Parts, 
IWII,  4io. 

Dr.  Ltiamoore  was  a  man  of  mild 
manntrs,  and  gentle  and  amiable  dispci- 
siiion.  He  married  Miss  Barnard,  tietoe 
of  Dr.  Edward  Barnard,  Provost  of  Eton ; 
and  had  a  large  family.  His  eldest  son, 
tbe  Veiy  Rot.  Charles  Scott  Luxmoore, 
is  Dean  of  St.  Asapb  and  Chancellor  of 
the  Diocese,  Prebendary  of  Hereford, 
Rvctor  of  Bremyard  and  West  Cradley, 
and  Viear  of  GuiUfteld ;  and  another, 
the  Rev.  John-Henry«Montagu  Lux- 
moerey  is  Prebendary  of  St.  Asapb, 
Viear  of  Berriew,  and  Joint  Registrar 
of  Hereford. 


Bishop  Samdford. 

Jofli.  14.  At  Edinburgh,  aged  63,  tbe 
Right  Rev.  Daniel  Sandford,  D.D.  Bi- 
shop of  Edinburgh. 

Dr.  Sandfurd  was  descended  from  a 
highly  respectable  family  in  Shropshire; 
and  waa  formerly  a  member  of  Christ 
Cbureb,  Oxford,  where  he  proceeded 
MA.  1791  >  B.  and  D.D,  1803.  He  set- 
tled at  Edinburgh,  as  a  private  clergy- 
man, between  thirty  and  forty  years  afo. 


18S0.3  '    OBiTVAftT^Str  C.  Buritm,  Sir  H.  C  Mimtg^mtryi  Bit.      STSi 


He  WAS  MNieli  tdflilrcd'  ai  »  preacher, 

hit  matter  belD^  alwayt  aound  $  bii  man^ 

ner  escellent  %  hit  vcrice  clear,  distinct^ 

and  inprettlve.    He  beeaine  thie  happy 

meant  of  eoatmencinp  and  completinf 

tbe  onion  of  SeottUh  and  Engllth  Bpif 

copaliant  In  that  oart  of  Scotland,  by 

which  tbe  revpeet ability  and  otefutoeii 

of  that  community  were  mneb  promoted. 

Hit  influence  fp  thit  retpeet,  and  tbe 

fceneral  worth  of  bit  character,  indueed 

hif  reverend  brethren  to  elect  him  to  be 

tbeir  Bubop— an  election  not  unanimone 

only  on  their  part,  but  earnettly  detirrd. 

Hit  promotion  wat  confirmed  with  equal 

seal  by  the  Bitbopt,  by  whom  he  wat 

contecrated  on  the  9tb  February,  1806. 

At  a  private  clergyman,  bit  mrritt  will 

be  lonf^  remembered  by  hit  friendt  and 

hit  flock.     The  mild  and  eoneiltating 

manner  in  which  he  eiereited  the  dutiet 

of  hit  Epiteopal  office  wat  (generally  felt 

■    by  hit  clergy  in  particular.    The  imt* 

prettive  tolemnity  with  which  he  per* 

formed  the  reKf  lout  dutiet  appertaining 

to  that  ofl&ee  hat  been  frequently  rt^ 

marked,    and  wat  indeed   remarkable. 

Hit  piety  wat  pure  and  unaffected,  and, 

therefore,  in  the  private  dutiet  of  hit 

profetiion,  in  vititfng  tbe  tick  and  in 

contoling  the  afllieted,  be  wat  partlc»- 

larly  admired  and  eminently  otefol. 

Dr.  Sandford  wat  the  awtbor  of  '*  Lee- 
turet  on  Pattion  Week,**  17^,  flro.  de- 
dicated to  tbe  Queen  ;  "  Sermont  df- 
tigned  chiefly  for  Young  Pertoni,'*  1809^ 
Ifmo. ;  **  A  Charge  deKvered  to  the 
Clergy  of  the  Epiteopal  Commanion  at 
Edinburgh,"  1807,  4to.t  <«  A  SermoB 
for  tbe  Lancattrian  Scfaoolt,"  1813,  8vo. 
He  wat  alio  a  contributor  to  tbe  Clatti- 
cal  Journal. 

Hie  remaint  were  interrtd  on  tbe  Sltt 
Jan.  in  tbe  burying-ground  acUotning 
St«  John't  chapel.  Tlie  funeral  wat  pri- 
vate i  nevertbeleM  tbe  number  of  per- 
tont  who  attended  to  pay  the  last  tri- 
bute of  respect  waa  very  great.  Tbe 
Epiteopal  clergymen  of  the  dioecae  pre- 
ceded tbe  corpte,  which  wat  followed 
by  a  numerous  body  of  noblemen,  gen- 
tlemen, and  clergymen  of  tbe  city,  in- 
eluding  thote  of  tbe  Eitablithed  Cburcb, 
at  well  at  Dinentcrt.  The  Rev.  Mr. 
Lane,  Bitbop  Sandford't  too-in-law, 
read  tbe  tervice.  Tbe  Bitbop  married 
a  Scott  iah  lady ;  and  the  Rev.  Daniel 
Keyte  Sandford,  M.A.  of  Chritt  Church, 
Oiford,  and  now  Profeator  of  Greek  in 
the  Univertity  of  Glatgow,  it  hit  cldett 


Sir  Charlet  ivat  the  ton  and  aoccetaor 
of  SirCbarlea  the  tecond  Baronet,  who 
died  in  1812,  by  the  Hon.  Cathtrln« 
Cofl^,  third  and  yoongett  daughter  and 
eobcirett  of  John  lecond  Baron  Detart; 
He  married,  in  1807,  Sutannah,  daugh" 
ter  of  Jotbua  Paul  Meredyth,  Etq.,  and 
titter,  we  presume,  to  tbe  late  tinforto- 
nate  tpendtbrift  of  tbe  tame  name, 
whote  portrait  wat  introduced  into  Hay- 
don't  pkture  of  tbe  Mock  Election  at 
tbe  King't  Bench  prison,  and  of  wh^m 
we  gave  tome  memoirt  in  vol.  xcviif.  I. 
648, 379. 


Sib  CRABLBt  Bt;BToii,  Bart. 
J&n,  6.    At  Pollerton,  co.  Carlow,  Sir 
Cbarlee  Burton,  third  Baronet,  of  that 
plae». 

Gt!rT.  Mao.  March,  1830. 

11 


Sir  H.  C.  Montgombrv,  Babt. 
Jan.  Si.    At   Dieppe,  aged  64,  Sir 
Henry  Conyngham  Montgomery,  of  the 
Hall,  CO.  Donegal,  Bart. 

Tbe  branch  of  the  family  of  Mbntgo-^ 
mery,  of  which  Sir  Henry  wat  the  re- 
presentative, it  detcended  from  William 
fourth  ton  of  tbe  first  Earl  of  EgliiKoitn. 
and  bat  been  teated  in  the  county  of 
Donegal  for  mott  than  two  centuriea* 
Sir  Henry  was  bom  March  15, 1765,  tbe 
elder  sen  of  Alexander  Montgomery,  of 
tbe  Hall,  Esq.,  by  Mary,  only  daughter 
of  James  Allen,  of  Cattle-Dobbt,  co. 
Antrim,  Esq.  Tbe  name  of  Conyngham 
he  derived  from  bit  great-grandmother, 
who  wat  one  of  the  twenty  children  of 
the  Very  Rev.  Aleiander  Conyngham^ 
Dean  of  Rapboe,  great-grandfatber  of 
the  flmt  Earl  Conyngham.  Barly  In 
life  Sir  Henry  entered  the  cavalry  in 
India,  and,  during  hit  tervice  there,  hie 
acal,  activity,  and  abilitiet  in  tbe  exe- 
cution of  teveral  important  trustt^  weiw 
publicly  put  on  record  in  a  General' 
Order,  publisbed  by  the  Governor-gene- 
ral in  Council,  at  Fort  William,  Cal- 
cutta, Hhen,  after  a  period  of  twentjr 
years'  service,  he  retired  with  the  rank 
of  Major.  On  hit  return  to  England  he 
wat  appointed  Inspecting  Field  OIBeer 
and  Commandant  of  the  Yeomanry  and 
Volunteers  (with  tbe  rank  of  Lieutenaut- 
Cdonel  in  tbe  army)  in  tbe  county  of 
Donegal,  by  bit  late  Majetty. 

In  February  1807  Lieut.-Col.  Mont- 
gomery wat  returned  to  Parliament  on 
a  vacancy  for  tbe  borough  of  St.  Mi- 
chael's, in  Cornwall.  TIm  ParliaBMnC 
wat  dittoUed  in  April  following,  and  he 
wat  not  again  returned;  but  on  the 
death  of  Henry  Vaugban  Brooke,  Etq., 
in  November  of  the  tame  year,  he  tuo- 
cceded  in  obtaining  the  mticb  more  di^ 
tinguithad  pott  of  a  Knight  for  hit  na- 
tive cooaty  of  Donegal.  He  wat  created 
a  Baroaec  on  the  8d  of  October  1808. 
At  tbe  General  Election  of  1819,  how- 
ever, LicBt.-Gen.  George  Vaugban  Hart 
took  Sir  Henry^  place  at  County  mem- 
ber, and  the  latter  wat  returned  for 


374       OEiT%f AKY^^Arihur  Clifford,  Etq.-^M.  H.  Bemth,  Etq.    [Ifardi^ 


YanDouth,  in  the  Isle  of  Wight.  He 
retired  from  Parliameot  eatirely  witbiQ 
a  jremr  or  two  after. 

Sir  Henry  Montgomery  married  at 
Calcutta,  June  SI,  1800,  Sarah-Mercer, 
third  daughter  of  Let  lie  Grore,  of  Grove 
Hall,  CO.  Donegal,  Esq.*  and  had  issue 
lour  sons  and  three  daughters  t — 1.  Mari- 
an-£mily,married  since  her  father's  death 
(see  p.S66]  to  Grantham-Monter,  young- 
eat  son  of  Sir  Joseph  Yorke  ;  3.  Sir 
Heniy-CoDyngham  Montgomery,  who 
has  succeeded  to  the  Baronetcy ;  he 
was  bom  in  1803,  was  married  in  1837 
to  Miss  Pigot,  daughter  of  Major-Gen. 
J^got,  and  is  in  the  Civil  Service  at  Ma- 
dras ;  3.  Alexander-Leslie,  a  Lieut.  R.N. ; 
4.  Hugh,  a  Lieut,  in  the  Horse  Artillery, 
Madras ;  5.  Alfred ;  6.  Matilda  i  and  7* 
Isabella-Elixa. 


Arthur  Clifford,  Esg. 

Jan,  16.  At  Winchester,  aged  53, 
Arthur  Clifford,  Esq.,  uncle  to  Sir  Tho- 
mas Aston  Constable,  of  Tizall,  in  Staf- 
fordshire, Bart.,  brother-in-law  to  Sir 
Charles  Wolseley,  Bart,  and  to  Thomas 
Weld,  Esq.  (recently  created  a  Cardinal), 
and  first  cousin  to  Lord  Clifford. 

Mr.  Clifford  was  the  sixth  of  the  eight 
sons  (and  twin  with  Lewis,  who  died 
unmarried  in  1806)  of  the  Hon.  Thomas 
Clifford,  of  Tixall  (fourth  son  of  Hugh, 
third  Lord  Clifford),  by  the  Hon.  Barbara 
Aston,  younger  daughter  and  coheiress 
of  James  fifth  Lord  Aston,  by  Lady 
Barbara  Talbot,  daughter  of  George 
Iborth  Earl  of  Shrewsbury.  He  married 
June  15,  1809,  Eliia-Matilds,  seeond 
daughter  of  Donald  Macdonald,  Esq.  of 
Berwick-upon-Tweed  ;  but  by  that  lady, 
who  died  in  August  1837»  we  believe 
had  no  issue. 

To  Mr.  Clifford  the  world  was  in- 
debted for  the  publication  of  a  more 
complete  collection  of  the  State  Papers 
of  Sir  Ralph  Sadler,  Queen  Elisabeth's 
chief  Minister  in  her  affairs  with  Scot- 
land, than  bad  previously  been  pub- 
lished in  1780.  The  private  MSS.  of 
Sir  Ralph  had  descended  to  the  Clifford 
family  through  that  of  Lord  Aston,  into 
which  the  heireu  of  Sadler  (Sir  Ralph's 
grand-dauf^ter)  was  married.  In  1809 
were  published,  in  two  quarto  volumes, 
"  Tbe  State  Papers  and  Letters  of  Sir 
Ralph  Sadler,  edited  by  Arthur  Clifford, 
Esq.;  to  which  is  added,  a  Memoir  of 
the  Life  of  Sir  R.  Sadler,  with  Histori- 
cal Notes,  by  Walter  Scott,  Esq."— so 
that  his  name  appears  atsociated  in  the 
same  title-page  with  tbe  most  successful 
author  of  the  present  age. 

In  1811  were  announced  '<  Tbe  State 
Papers  and  Letters  of  Sir  Walter  Aston, 
afterward  Lord  Astou»  Ambatsador  in 


Spain  In  tbe  reigna  of  James  I.  and 
Charles  1."  aa  printing  onifi>mly  with 
those  of  Sir  Ralph  Sadler,  ia  two 
quarto  volumes  (see  our  vol.  ucxxi.  i. 
840),  but  we  believe  they  were -sever 
published.  .  . 

In  1813  Mr.  Clifford  printed.  In  4to, 
«  Tixall  Poetrv,  with  Notes  and  lUos- 
trationsi"  and  in  1814,  In  8vo,  ^  Car- 
men Seculare ;  an  Ode  in  commemora- 
tion of  the  Hundredth  Anniversary  of 
the  Accession  of  the  House  of  Hanover 
to  the  British  Throne." 

In  1817,  whilst  Mr.  Cliffoid  was  spend- 
ing some  time  at  Paris  with  bis  brother, 
the  Ute  Sir  Thomas  Hugh  Cliflbrd 
(afterwards  ConsuUe),  Bart.  *  the  two 
brothers  amused  themselves  In  there 
printing,  in  4to,  "  An  Historical  and 
Topographical  deseriptioo  of  the  Parish 
of  Tixall,  in  the  County  of  Sufford,  and 
of  the  most  remarkable  plaees  in  the 
immediate  neighbourhood.  By  Sir  Tho- 
mas Qifford,  Bart,  and  Arthur  Clifford, 
Esq.  I  embellisbed  with  fine  engravings, 
of  which  three  are  from  original  paint- 
ings :  1 .  of  the  famoua  J  od^  Littleton ; 
8.  of  Visooont  Stafford,  who  was  be- 
headed In  1683 ;  3.  of  Walter,  first  Lord 
Aston/'  Also,  In  Bvo,  **  Collectanea 
Cliflbrdiana,  In  three  parts:  1.  Anee- 
dotes  of  lllustrioos  Personages  of  the 
name  of  Clifford  i  %  Historical  and 
Geoealogleal  Notices  respeetlng  the  ori- 
gin and  antiquity  of  the  Cliflbrd  family ; 
8.  Clifford  i  by  Arthur  Cliflbrd,  Esq.** 
.  Still  more  recently  Mr.  Clifford  pub- 
lished an  Essay  on  an  improved  method 
of  teaching  the  Dead  Languages. 

M.  U.  Bbacb,  Esq. 

Jan,  5.  At  his  seat,  WilHamstrip 
Park,  near  Cirencester,  in  bis  70th  year, 
Michael  Hicks  Beach,  esq.  fonner^  M.P. 
for  that  borough  }  bhither  to  Sir  William 
Hicks,  of  Whitoombe  Pterk,  In  Gkmees- 
tersbire,  Bart. 

He  was  tbe  yoonger  son  of  Sir  Howe 
the  sixth  and  late  Baronet,  by  Martha, 
daughter  of  the  Rev.  John  Browne.  He 
married.  In  177il>,  Henrietta-Maria,  only 
daughter  and  beireas  of  William  Beach, 
of  Nether-Avon,  Esq.,  with  whom  he 
became  possessed  of  considerable -pro- 
perty, and  in  consequence  took  tbe 
name  of  Beach. 

The  estate  of  Williamstrip  Park  was 
purchased  by  Mr.  Beach  of  Col.  Black- 

*  Memoirs  of  whom  will  be  seen  In 
our  vol.  xciii.  i.  470.  and  enlarged  In 
Nichols's  Litrrary  illusti^stions,  vol.  v. 
p.  511/  In  addition  to  memoirs  of  other 
members  of  the  house  of  Constable, 
several  of  whom  have  been  the  elegant 
patrons  and  amateurs  of  Ulentnif* 


i8sa] 


OBiTUAftTw— Jmmi  SmUhionf  Biq.,  P.B.S. 


well.  Ht  acquired  with  It  comMerablt 
interett  la  the  boroog b  of  CIreneetter, 
which  WM  rendcfMl  ttill  more  preiwn- 
dcraat  by  the  fricndthip  of  the  Bttbortt 
family,  whoae  teat  it  also  in  the  neiicb- 
bourbood.  He  was  Ant  retnrneti  to  Par- 
HaoMtit  for  the  boroof  h  on  the  vacancy 
oerationcd  by  tbeacccftion  of  the  pnetent 
Earl  BaihunC  to  hit  title  in  1794,  was 
re-elected  in  1796,  1809,  1806,  I807t 
and  1819,  and  retired  at  the  diuolution 
in  1818.  Mr.  Beach  was  a  tnpporter  of 
Mr.  Fox. 

He  had  two  eons  :  I.  Michael-Beach 
Hickt,  Efq.  bom  in  1780,  and  married 
Feb.  1809  CaroKne,  dauKhter  of  William 
Meant,  of  Waainf ,  co.  Berkt,  Etq. ;  9. 
William.  HickSy  bom  in  1783;  and  8.  a 
daufbter. 


JaiiBa  Smithson,  Emq.  F.R.S. 

Oei.  ..  In  the  South  of  France, 
Jamea  Smithton,  E<q.  M.A.  F.R.S. 

The  birth  of  tbit  fentleman  it  thot 
detcribed  by  himtelf  at  the  commence- 
nent  of  hit  will  !~**  I,  Jamet  Smithton, 
ton  of  Hugh  firtt  Duke  of  Northum- 
berland, and  Elitabeth  heirett  of  the 
Hungerfordt  of  ^tudley,  and  niece  to 
Cbarlety  the  proud  Duke  of  Somenet.'* 
It  it  well  known  chat  the  wifi  of  Hu|(h 
firtt  Duke  of  Northumberland  wat  Lady 
Elisabeth  Seymour*  gramd-iaughter  of 
the  tame  *' proud  Duke  of  Someraet." 
It  waa  the  Hon.  Francet  Seymour, 
daughter  of  Charlet  Lord  Seymour  of 
Troubridge  by  hit  firtt  marriage  with 
Mary  daughter  and  heirttt  of  Thomat 
Smithy  Etq^— and  thut  half^titter  to  the 
fifth  and  tixth  Dukct  of  Somertet,  the 
latter  of  whom  wat  **  the  proud  Duke," 
^-4hat  wat  married  to  Sir  Geo.  Hunger- 
ford}  but  in  the  account  of  the  family 
In  Sir  R.  C.  Hoare't  Hungerfordiana,  we 
find  no  Eliaabetb,  nor  the  name  of 
Made,  which  wat  that  which  Mr. 
Smithton  originally  bore.  The  family 
of  Macie  retidcd  at  Wetton,  near  Bath. 

•lamet  Looit  Macie,  Eaq.  wat  a  mem- 
ber of  Pembroke  College,  Oxford,  where 
be  wat  created  M.A.  May  96,  1786.  He 
wat  elected  Fellow  of  the  Royal  Society 
in  I787«  and  appeart  under  the  tame 
name  in  the  Philotophical  Trantactiont 
for  1791 1  but  between  that  date  and 
1803  be  chote  to  change  hit  name  to 
Smithton,  although  he  continued  to 
enjoy  the  property  of  the  Maclet.  He 
wat,  we  bcliere,  at  one  time  a  Vice- 
Pretident  of  the  Royal  Society. 

Mr.  DaTiet  Gilbert,  in  hit  latt  anni- 
venary  eulogy  on  deceated  membert, 
thut  noticed  him  t— "^  Mr.  Smithton  hat 
added  eight  communieationt  to  our 
Trantactioot.  He  waa  diatingutobed  by 
the  iutimalt  fneodtlup  of  Mr.  CatrcB- 


»76 

dithi  and  rivalled  our  mott  eipert  che- 
mtttt  in  elegant  analytea :  but  the  lat- 
ter part  of  hit  life  hat  been  tpent 
abroad.*'  Hit  papert  In  the  Philoaopbl- 
cal  Trantactiont  are  at  follow  t  In  1791, 
**  Of  tome  Chemical  Experimentt  oil 
Tabatbeer;**  in  1803,  •<  A  Chemical 
Analytit  of  tome  Calaminet  ;**  in  1806» 
*'  Account  of  a  Ditcovery  of  Native 
Minium;"  in  1808,  •<  On  the  com- 
position of  the  compound  Sulpburet 
from  Huel  Bogt,  and  an  account  of  ita 
Cryttalt;"  in  181l»"Ontbe  competi- 
tion of  Zeolite ;"  in  1813,  "On  a  Sub- 
ttance  from  the  Elm  Tree,  called  Ul- 
min;"  and  '•  On  a  Subttance  from 
Mount  VetuTiut ;"  and  in  1818,  <<  A 
Few  Factt  relative  to  the  Colouring  Mat- 
ter of  tome  Vegetablet." 

Mr.  Smithton*t  will  wat  proved  In  tha 
Prerogative  Court  of  Cantcrbunr,  and 
probate  granted  to  bit  execntort,  Metark 
Drummond,  the  bankert,  on  the  4th  of 
November,  the  cffcctt  being  twom  under 
190,000/.  It  it  in  the  hand- writing  of  tha 
tettator,  and  it  dated  the  93d  of  October, 
1896,  at  which  time  be  wat  retidcnt  in 
Bentinck-ttreet,Cavendith-tquare.  After 
having  devited  the  whole  of  hit  property 
to  Mettrt.  Drummondt,  in  trott,  and 
detircd  them  to  place  hit  property  under 
the  management  of  the  Court  of  Chan- 
cery, be  bequeathe  to  John  Fitall,  for- 
merly hit  tcrvant.  but  now  of  the  London 
Dockt,  for  the  affectionate  regard  he  baa 
thown  to  hit  matter  and  the  care  he  baa 
taken  of  hit  effectt,  and  in  contidera- 
tion  of  hit  having  done  but  little  for 
him,  an   annuity  of   1001.  to  be  paid 
quarterly ;  the  firtt  payment  to  be  made 
within  three  montht  af^er  hit  deceaae. 
To  H.  H.  Sailty,  alto  formerlv  hit  aer- 
vant,  but  now  keeping  the  Hungerford 
Hotel  in  Parit,  he  givet  the  ute  of  the 
different  tumt  of  money  he  hat  lent  Mm 
at  variuut  timet  (and  for  which  he  bolda 
bit  bondt  or  billt,  undated)  for  five  yeara 
longer  (ihoold  he  with  it)  on  hit  paving 
five  per  cent,  per  annum  for  that  time* 
He  then  bequeathe  the  whole  of  bit  pro- 
perty, alMolutely,  of  every  nature  and 
kind  whattocvcr,  to  bit  nephew,  the  ton 
of  bit  brother,  Lieut.-Col.  Charlet  Loola 
Dickenton,  for  hit  life;  and  after  bit 
deceat^,  to  any  child  or  children  of  hit, 
'*  legitimate  or  illegitimate,"  who  may 
turvive  him,  and  if  more  than  one  child 
turvive  him,  it  it  to  be  divided  aoMmg 
them  at  their  fkther  may  think  proper. 
Should  be  fitil  to  divide  it,  however,  be 
detirea  it  may  be  referred  to  the  Laid 
Cbaneellor  to  do  to ;  but  in  the  event  of 
hit  dying  without  a  child  or  children,  or 
if  bit  child  or  children  die  before  be,  the, 
or  they,  attain  the  age  of  twenty*one,  or 
inteatate,  then  the  whole  of  the  proptity 
it  to  devolve  to  John  Fitall,  tubject  to 


370 


OBiTUAaY*-*G«m,  Moncrieff  and  D.  SUwarU  [}Smx^ 


hit  annuity*  for  the  fecurity  of  which  the 
leitator  intends  "  stock  lo  stand  in  this 
country*  to  the  United  States,  for  the 
purpose  of  founding  an  institution  at 
Waihingtout  to  be  called  the  Smithso- 
nean  Institution  for  the  increase  and 
diffusiun  of  knowledge  among  men*" 


Gbubsal  Moncbiepp. 

Jan.  S3.  At  Versailles,  Gen.  George 
Moncrieff. 

This  officer  was  appointed  Ensign  in 
10th  foot  in  1775,  Lieutenant  1776,  and 
Captain  in  the  8l8t,  1777.  He  served 
as  a  subaltern  for  three  years  in  Anie- 
rtea ;  and  was  at  the  taking  of  Fort 
Washington,  the  landing*  on  Rhode 
Island,  and  battle  of  Brandywine.  He 
afterwards  served  for  three  years  at 
Gibraltar ;  was  appointed  Brevet-Major 

1793,  and  Lieut.-Colonel  in  the  90th, 

1794.  He  served  at  Toulon  in  1793, 
and  in  1794  went  again  to  Gibraltar. 
He  was  present  at  the  taking  of  Mi- 
norca) and  from  thence  was  ordered  to 
Malta,  where  he  commanded  a  corps  of 
Maltese  raited  by  Major-Gen.  Graham, 
and  where  be  remained  till  its  surren- 
der, as  he  did  afterwards  in  Minorca  till 
its  cession  to  Spain.  He  was  next 
ordered  to  the  West  Indies,  but  re- 
turned thence  in  a  short  time  from  ill- 
health;  in  1809  he  was  appointed  to 
the  Staff  of  the  Eastern  district,  and 
afterwards  to  that  of  the  expedition  to 
Waichercn.  He  was  appointed  Mijor- 
General  1803,  Lieut-General  1810,  Co- 
lonel of  the  late  Cape  regiment  1811, 
and  General  1891. 


Major-Gen.  David  Stewart,  C.B. 

JDmt.  18.  At  St.  Lucie,  Major-Gen. 
David  Stewart,  of  Garth,  Governor  of 
that  Colony,  and  C.B. 

Major-Gen.  Stewart  entered  the  ser- 
vice as  an  Ensign  in  the  42d  Highlanders, 
in  which  corps  he  was  appointed  Lieute- 
nant in  I79i2.  He  served  in  the  cam- 
paigns of  the  Duke  of  York  in  Flanders, 
and  was  present  at  the  siege  of  Nieu- 
port  and  the  defence  of  Nimeguen.  In 
October  1795  he  embarked  (or  the  West 
Indies,  where  he  served  in  the  expedi- 
tion against  St.  Lucie  and  St.  Vincent ; 
was  at  the  storming  of  the  Vigie,  where 
his  regiment  led{  and  wai  afterwards 
employed  for  seven  months  in  unremit- 
ting service  in  the  woods  against  the 
Charibs,  where  he  had  five  companies 
under  his  command.  He  was  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  Captain- Lieutenant  in 
1796.  In  1797  he  served  in  the  expedi- 
tion against  Fortu  Rico,  after  which  he 
returned  to  Euro|>e. 

Captain  Siewart  next  proceeded  to 
Gibraltar,  and  was  in  the  expedition  of 


1799  against  Minorca.  He  was  takes 
prisoner  at  sea,  and  after  haviiif  been 
detained  for  five  months  in  Spain,  waa 
exchanged,  and  embarked  with  bis  regv- 
mcnt  from  Minorca  in  July  1800,  in  the 
expedition  to  Egypt  under  Sir  Ralph 
Abercromby,  and  was  present  in  the 
several  actions  of  that  eampaign*  He 
was  preferred  to  aCaptftiney  in  the  90th 
foot,  Dec.  15, 1800 ;  restored  to  the  4Sd 
in  1808;  and  promoted,  in  1804,  to  a 
Majoritpr  in  the  78th,  in  the  command 
of  the  light  battalion  of  which  he  served 
at  the  battle  of  Maida,  in  1806.  In 
1808  he  was  appointed  Lieat.-ColoDel 
in  the  West  India  Rangeiti  Id  1810  he 
was  present  at  the  captnie  of  Guada- 
loupe,  for  which  service,  and  that  at 
Maida,  he  was  rewarded  with  a  medal 
and  one  clasp,  and  was  subsequently 
appointed  a  Companion  of  the  Bath. 

He  was  plaeed  oo  the  balf^pay  of  the 
96th  foot  la  1815;  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  Colend  in  1614,  and  to  that  of 
Major-General  in  1886. 

In  1888  Garth  (aa  the  Colonel  was 
styled  by  his  ooontiymen)  published,  in 
two  vulumes  octaTo,  **  Sketdies  of  tlie 
Character,  Mannert,  and  present  Con- 
ditkm  of  the  Scottish  Highlanders,  with 
an  account  of  the  MiUtarj  Servicea  of 
the  Highland  Regimental"  a  work 
which  attracted  great  notice,  and  whiefa 
run  through  two  eonaiderable  editions. 
-  The  intereating  ftcts  and  singular  anec- 
dotes which  it  contains,  go  liar  to  fill  up 
(he  osasurly  ontlina  drawn  by  Sir  Walter 
Seott  in  reviewing  the  Culloden  Papeit 
in  the  Quarterly  Review* 

In  every  telation  of  life.  Gen.  Stewart 
was  highly  esteemed}— a  brave  and 
gallant  soldier,  a  patriotic  and  warm 
lover  of  his  country,  lie  waa  known  to 
a  very  wide  circle  in  society  j  and  whe- 
ther as  the  officer,  the  citiacn,  the  Scou- 
man,  or  the  man,  he  was  covered  with 
golden  opinions  1^  all  ranks  and  classes. 
It  was  only  about  twelve  months  ago 
that,  with  all  the  spirit  and  gaiety  of  a 
youthful  veteran,  he  aailed  for  St.  Lucie, 
to  the  government  of  which  he  was  ap- 
pointedi  he  Jested  of  his  return  and 
nurriage  at  the  end  of  a  lew  years :  he 
had  been  inured  to  the  worst  of  climates 
and  the  greatest  of  hardships.  Veiy 
recently,  in  a  letter  from  him,  written 
in  the  most  cheerful  manner,  be  con- 
trasted the  healthy  sute  of  the  island 
with  what  it  was  when  he  visited  it  aa  a 
subaltern ;  but,  alas !  for  the  prospect 
of  human  life,  in  how  short  a  time  the 
tidings  have  arrived  that  this  eaoelient 
man  is  no  more. 

A  portrait  of  Mi^or-Gen.  SUwart,  in 
the  full  Highland  costume,  by  James  M. 
Scrymgeour,  has  been  encravnd  by  &  W. 
Reynolds  (18  inches  by  88). 


ism.] 


OuTUAftT.— Ftoe-ilAiuraZ  Frater. 


977 


VlCS-AOMIBAL  FraSEB. 

•/(Ml.  II.  At  Portobtllo,  near  £<Uii* 
burgb,  a|(td  88,  AJexaiidcr  Fr«Mr»  Etq. 
Vice-Adairal  of  tlit  Red,  and  Equerry  tg 
H.  R.  H.  tba  Duke  of  Canbrids* 

Tbif  |;8atltniaD  vm  the  eldest  tunriv- 
lof  MMi  of  Uagb  Fraeer^  £fl«|.»  Surveyor 
of  the  Cuetomt  et  Lerwick,  iii  Sbetlaod* 
(and  afth  in  lineal  descent  from  WillUni« 
tecond  ton  of  TbonuM  Prater,  Esq.,  of 
Stricben,  second  son  of  Alexander  fifth 
Lord  Lovat,  who  died  in  155H),  by  Jane, 
daogbter  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Linning, 
•f  Walstein.  His  maternal  grandmother 
was  eMest  daogbter  of  John  Hamiltony 
Esq.,  of  Gilkertcleugb,  descended  from 
the  first  Marquis  of  Hamilton. 

In  1760  he  entered  the  Navy,  on  board 
the  Ply  Sloop,  eommauded  by  the  late 
Admiral  Gaytun,  wiih  whom  he  served 
at  the  reduction  of  Belleisle.  At  the 
conclusion  of  the  war,  in  1763,  Aleaan- 
der  Praser  returned  to  school,  where  he 
eontiaued  until  the  latter  end  of  I767y 
and  then  went  as  Midshipman  of  the 
Mermaid  frigate,  to  America,  wbere  he 
remained  in  her  three  years  ;  at  the  ea- 
piration  of  which,  be  was  appointed  act^ 
ing  Lieutenant  of  the  Bonetta  sloop. 

Returning  to  England  in  tbe  winter 
of  1779,  be  passed  tbe  usual  eaaminatkm 
at  the  Navy  Oflkce  ;  and  in  June  1773, 
was  ordered  on  board  the  Royal  Oak,  of 
•eventy-foor  guns,  at  Spit  bead,  where 
he  remained  till  the  Autumn  of  1774, 
and  then  again  went  to  America,  as 
acting  Lieutenant  of  the  Scarborough, 
a  twenty-gun  ship. 

When  hostilities  with  the  colonists 
broke  out,  it  was  thought  fit  to  destroy 
some  of  their  sea-port  towns  j  and  Capt. 
Henry  Mowat,  in  the  Canceaux,  being 
entrusted  with  tbe  execution  of  this  sei- 
vice,  for  which  he  had  a  small  squadron, 
and  800  additional  marines  embarked, 
Mr.  Praser  was  ordered  on  board  tbe 
Canceaus,  as  Lieutenant.  Tbe  town  of 
Falmouth,  the  inhabitants  of  which  had 
opposed  with  violence  tbe  loading  of  a 
mast  ship,  being  the  first  object,  Mr. 
Praser  was  sent  on  shore  with  a  flag  of 
truce,  offering  to  spare  the  place  on  tbe 
condition  of  the  rebels  delivering  up  all 
their  artillery  and  small  arms  :  this  not 
being  complied  with,  tbe  squadron  open- 
ed a  heavy  cannonade,  and  in  a  snort 
time  destroyed  130  dwellings,  878  store 
and  warehouses,  a  large  new  church,  the 
eourt  bouse,  and  public  library.  To  com- 
plete the  demolition  of  the  town,  a  large 
body  of  seamen  and  marines  were  land- 
ed under  Mr.  Fraser,  who  was  a  good 
deal  annoyed  by  the  Americans  from 
behind  hedges,  die. ;  but  being  co- 
vered by  the  squadron,  he  re-embarked 


the  whole  party,  bavinf  only  a  few 
wounded. 

During  the  ensuing  campaign  of  1776, 
Mr.  Praser  was  constantly  employed  In 
the  fiat  boau  at  Long  Island,  New  York, 
Ac,  and  particularly  at  the  taking  of 
Port  Washington,  wbere  he  led  one  of 
the  divisions  of  boats  in  which  the  light 
infantry  were  embarked.  At  the  latter 
end  of  the  year,  be  returned  to  England 
in  the  Bristol,  with  Lord  Shuldbam, 
who  had  been  superseded  in  the  chief 
command  on  the  American  station  by 
Earl  Howe. 

In  m?.  Lord  Sandwich,  then  at  the 
head  of  the  Admiralty,  gave  Mr.  Fraser 
his  first  commission,  with  the  flatteriof 
compliment  that  it  was  fur  his  serricoi 
in  America.  The  appoint  aoent  was  to 
the  Hector,  of  seventy-four  guns,  Capt. 
Sir  John  Hamilton.  In  June,  1778,  our 
officer  was  ordered  to  take  charge  of  La 
Licome  French  frigate,  detained  by  the 
Hector,  and  carried  her  into  Portsmouth 
harbour.  On  tbe  87th  of  July,  he  was 
present  in  the  action  between  Keppel 
and  d'Orvilliers. 

In  I779>  tbe  Hector  was  ordered  to 
the  West  Indies  with  Sir  George  B.  Rod- 
ney. In  the  summer  of  1780,  she  formed 
part  of  a  squadron,  sent  under  Cap- 
tain the  Hon.  W.  Comwallis,  to  escoK 
the  homeward  bound  trade  through  the 
Gulf  of  Florida. 

Mr.  Fraser  afterwards  exchanged  into 
the  Conqueror,  seventy-four,  as  first 
Lieutenant,  in  order  to  return  to  Eng- 
land to  Join  his  friend  Commodore  John- 
stone, wbo  had  recently  been  appointed 
to  the  command  of  a  squadron  destined 
for  the  reduction  of  the  Cape  of  Good 
Hope.  On  her  passage  home,  the  Con- 
queror lost  her  mainmast  in  a  hurricane, 
and  was  in  other  res|iects  so  much  da- 
maged, that  it  became  necessary  to  keep 
100  men  constantly  employed  during  the 
remainder  of  the  voyage,  bailing  the 
water  out  at  the  hatchways.  By  extra- 
ordinary exertions,  however,  she  arrived 
at  Spiibead,  and  her  Commander  (the 
late  Admiral  Dickson,)  ever  afterwards 
declared,  that  the  preservation  of  the 
ship  was  in  a  great  measure  owing  to 
the  efforts  of  Mr.  Fraser.  Commodore 
Johnstone  having,  in  the  mean  time, 
completed  the  number  of  his  Lie^ite- 
nants,  Mr.  Fraser  was  induced  to  accept 
a  commission  for  tbe  St.  Carlos,  a  fifty- 
gun  ship,  arm^  en  flute,  attached  to 
the  armament ;  he  was  consequently  in 
the  skirmish  in  Port  Pray  a,  when  M.  de 
Suffrein  surprised  the  British  squadron  ; 
soon  after  which  event,  he  was  removed 
ifito  the  Romney,  bearing  the  broad  pen- 
dant of  his  patron,  with  whom  he  re- 
turned to  England. 


«78 


Obituary.**  Viee^Jdmiral  Frmer. 


[Match, 


We  next  find  oor  oflicer  Mrviiig  as  Pint 
Lieutenant  of  the  Panther,  in  the  action 
with  the  combined  fleets,  after  the  relief  of 
Gibraltar,  in  1 789,  by  liord  Howe.  He  wai 
afterwards  removed  into  the  Ruby,  of  sixty- 
four  guns,  one  of  the  ships  detached  from 
the  fleet,  and  ordered  to  the  West  Indies. 
On  the  passage  out,  falling  in  with  the  ene- 
my's squadron  to  windward  of  Barbadoes, 
the  Ruby,  after  an  action  of  forty-eight  mi- 
nutes within  pistol-shot,  took  the  Solitaire, 
of  equal  force,  which  had  thirty-eight  men 
lulled,  and  above  forty  wounded,  though  the 
Ruby  had  not  a  man  killed,  and  but  a  few 
slishtly  wounded. 

Having  brought  the  Ruby  back  to  Eng- 
land, Lieutenant  Fraser  accompanied  Sir  K. 
Hughes  in  the  Adamant  to  the  Leeward  Is- 
lands, where  be  continued  until  the  Autumn 
of  1786;  at  which  station  he  had  the  good 
fortune  of  acquiring  the  acouaintance  and 
friendship  of  Lord  Nelson>  who  then  com- 
manded tne  Boreas  frigate.  In  June,  1787, 
Mr.  Fraser  was  appointed  to  the  Colossus, 
seventy-£Dur ;  but  on  the  armament  taking 
place  in  October,  he  was. removed  bv  Admi- 
ral Figot,  to  be  first  of  bis  own  ship,  the 
Royal  Sovereign,  at  Plymouth.  Thus,  when 
the  armament  ceased,  he  obtained  the  rank 
of  Commander  on  the  1st  December  of  that 
year ;  but  remained  unemployed  till  the  Au- 
tumn of  1 790,  when  he  was  appointed  to  the 
Savage  sloop,  on  the  Greenock  station,  and 
where  he  continued  till  the  latter  end  of  1 792. 
The  Savage  was  then  ordered  to  the  River, 
to  assist  in  carrying  to  the  Nore  the  newly- 
impreased  men ;  and  from  thence  was  sent 
to  join  Admiral  M*firide,  in  the  Downs. 

At  the  breakipg  out  of  the  war  witli 
France,  Captain  Fraser  captured  la  Custine, 
a  privateer,  and  several  Danish  ships  ladeu 
with  com,  bouud  to  that  country.  In  April, 
1793,  he  was  directed  to  take  the  Ferret 
sloop  and  several  cutters  under  his  com- 
mand, and  proceed  to  Ostend  :  here  he  re- 
ceived a  requisition  from  the  Baron  de  My- 
lius,  to  land  and  take  possession  of  the  town 
and  garrison ;  with  which  he  complied,  and 
ran  the  Savage  into  the  harbour,  landing 
about  500  men,  partly  marines,  and  partly 
seamen.  On  tlie  5  th,  he  received  from  tne 
Court  of  Brussels,  the  intelligence  that  Ge- 
neral Dumourier  had  arrested  Buernonville 
and  the  other  Commissioners  of  the  National 
Convention,  and  sent  them  to  the  Count  de 
Clayrfait.  Thu  intelligence,  of  infinite  con- 
sequence to  the  war,  he  instantly  trans- 
mitted to  the  Admiralty ;  and  it  was  received 
in  so  very  short  a  time,  that  Lord  Chatham 
could  scarcely  believe  the  officer  who  brought 
the  despatch.  In  four  days  afterwards,  the 
French  army  refusing  to  march  to  Paris  with 
Dumourier,  he  was  niinself  obliged  to  fly, 
which  of  course  put  an  end  to  the  armistice 
between  the  Prince  of  Cobourg  and  him.  This 
intelligence  Captain  Fraser  received  through 
the  same  channel,  and  was  equally  fortunate 


in  the  speedy  transmission  of  It  to  the  Ad- 
miralty. As  be  necessarily  lived  on  shor«» 
the  Duke  of  York  was  pleased  to  order  th« 
Commissary-general  to  pay  him  one  pound 
steriing  per  day  for  his  table,  which  wu 
continued  all  the  time  he  remained  on  tha 
station.  Sir  Charles  Roes,  with  the  a7th 
regiment,  relieved  him  in  the  oooimand  on 
shore,  on  the  SOth  of  April ;  but  he  itiU 
continued  as  Commander  of  the  Nnval  de- 
partment, until  events  required  a  greater 
force,  and  officers  of  superior  rank.  (^ 
the  1st  of  July,  1798,  he  waa  pioaioted  to 
Post  rank,  in  the  Redoubty  of  twenty  gnns, 
the  Savage's  crew  turned  over  into  her,  and 
sent  to  the  same  station ;  where  he  mate- 
rially contributed  to  the  definioe  of  Nieuport» 
by  anchoring  close  In  short,  and  firing  into 
the  enemy's  camp,  over  the  sand-hills. 

In  July,  1794,  Captain  Fraser  was  ap- 
pointed to  the  Pfoeerpine  fr^ate^  attached 
to  the  North-Sea  fleet,  nndar  the  orders  of 
Admiral  Duncan}  on  which  service  he  con- 
tinued until  December  I795»  and  then  re- 
moved into  the  Shannon,  a  new  frigate  of 
thirty-two  ffunsy  atattoned  on  the  coast  of 
Ireland,  where  he  captured  the  following 
French  privateers:  le  Duguay  Trouiu^  of 
twenty-four  gunsy  and  150  men;  le  Grand 
Indian,  twenty  guns>  185  men;  la  Juliet 
eighteen  guns,  1 80  men  {  and  la  Moochcy 
sixteen  guns,  1 88  men. 

In  1799,  Captain  Fraser  obtained  the  com- 
mand of  the  Diana,  a  thirty-e^ht  gun  fri- 
gate, in  which  he  escorted  a  large  fleet  to 
the  West  Indies,  where  he  intercepted  seve- 
ral privateers.  Having  been  in  tne  course 
of  one  year  twice  attacked  by  the  yellow  fii- 
ver,  he  was  most  reluctantly  obliged  to  re- 
sign his  ship,  and  return  to  England  as  a 
paasenger  in  the  Invincible. 

Ceptain  Fcaser*s  next  appointment  was  to 
the  Berschermery  of  fifty-four  guns,  em- 
ployed as  a  guard-ship  in  toe  Swin«  until  the 
end  of  the  war.  He  then  Joined  the  Am- 
phioo  frigate,  and  conveyed  the  Duke  of 
Cambridge  and  suite  to  Cuxhaven.  In  1 804, 
he  was  appointed  to  the  Weymouth,  another 
frigate  I  and  soon  afier  to  the  Uindost^, 
of  fifty-four  guns.  In  her  he  visited  the 
East  Indies;  from  whence  he  returned  in  the 
summer  of  1806,  aud  commanded  in  suc- 
cession the  Prince,  a  second-rate^  and  Van- 
guard, of  seventy-four  guns.  The  latter 
vessel,  commissioned  by  him  in  January  1  S07» 
formed  part  of  the  fleet  under  Lord  Ghunbier 
in  the  expedition  against  Copenhagen. 

When  the  Commander-in-Chief  returned 
to  England  with  the  Danish  prizes.  Captain 
Fraser  was  ordered  to  remain  with  the  Van- 
guard, and  a  considerable  number  of  fri- 
gates and  sloops,  for  the  blockade  of  Zen- 
land,  and  the  protection  of  the  trade  still  in 
the  Baltic.  He  remained  off  Copenhagen 
till  the  81st  of  November. 
'  Ob  the  Vanguard  being  ordered  again  to 
Copenhagen^  in  January  IBW,  our  oAecr, 


1830.]        Obituabt.— Copt.  R.  Foley.^Reo,  George  Powell.  879 


whoM  heillli  iMid  bMn  coBtidtiably  hnmiradt 
obuioed  Icavt  of  tbtcnet,  lad  looo  attar  the 
comoMod  of  th«  6oa  FtociUet  at  I>uimIm»  in 
which  ha  rcisaiiicd  until  the  final  ditcharga 
of  that  corpa,  in  1810.  On  the  Itt  of  Aa- 
Ctttt  in  that  jaar,  ha  waa  appointed  to  the 
William  and  Marr  jatehy  and  at  the  tame 
time  leleeted  by  the  Duke  of  Cambridge  to 
be  one  of  hia  Rojfal  Hi{hneM*i  Equerries. 
Hit  advancement  to  the  rank  of  Rear- Admi- 
ral took  place  in  181 1 }  to  that  of  Vice-Ad- 
miral  in  1819. 

Admiral  Fraaer  married  in  1788,  Helen, 
eUleat  daughter  of  John  firocef  £m).  of  Sun- 
buigh.  Advocate,  and  Collector  of  the  Cua- 
tomt  in  Shetland.  Bj  thia  ladj  he  had  three 
iooa  and  two  daoghtert :  the  eldest  of  the 
former  b  an  officer  in  the  Eiupneers ;  the 
second  was  first  Lieutenant  of  the  Magnet 
sloop,  which  fiMmdered  with  all  her  crew  on 
the  passage  to  America,  in  September  1 8 1 9 1 
the  yoongeat  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
Lieutenant,  September  5,  1816. 

A  portrait  of  Admiral  Fraser,  accompa- 
lUed  by  a  long  memoir,  comprising  various 
letters  and  other  interesting  official  docu- 
menta,  was  published  in  the  Naval  Chronicle, 
hi  1814. 

CiirTAiw  R.  FoLiY,  R.N. 

Dec  93.  At  Toamaj,  Richard  Folej, 
Em.  Captain  R.N. 

This  gentleman  was  a  member  of  the 
Pembrokeshire  branch  of  the  Folejs,  the 
son  of  Richard  Foley,  Esq.,  Magutrate  of 
ShadwcU  Police-Offiice  of  whom  a  memoir 
appeared  in  our  Magaiine  on  hb  death  in 
1803  (seevol.  Lzxiii,  p.889),  and  nephew 
to  Admiral  Sir  Thomas  Folev,  O.C.B.,  un* 
der  whose  auspices  he  entered  the  Navy,  as 
a  Midshinman,  on  board  the  Elephant,  seven- 
ty-four, m  1800.  After  the  Battle  of  Co- 
penhaccn,  we  find  him  serving  in  the  Me- 
dusa mgate,  Captain  fnow  Sir  John)  Gore ; 
and  subeeqoentlv,  in  the  Ambuscade,  thirty- 
two.  Captain  WUlbm  D*Urban,  on  the  Me- 
diterranean  station.  In  1 806,  he  received 
a  wound  at  the  siege  of  the  Tramiti  blands. 
His  first  commission  was  dated  April  94, 
1 807.  From  that  period,  Mr.  Foley  success- 
fully served  in  the  Illustrious,  seventy-four, 
and  Eagle,  of  the  same  force,  and  Barfleur, 
ninety-eight,  until  promoted.  May  11,1819, 
to  the  command  ot  the  Zeoobia  Brig,  which 
was  employed  upon  the  coasts  of  Spain  and 
Portugal.  He  obtained  Post  rank,  June  7, 
1814. 

fThb  short  memoir  b  from  the  recently- 
publbhed  volume  of  Marshall's  Roval  Naval 
Bi<^gTaphy,  Supplement,  Part  III,  which 
comprises  the  memotrs  of  1 84  Post- Captains, 
being  those  of  1819,  1813,  and  1814.] 

Rbt.  OiotoB  Powell,  M.A. 
FA.  90.    At  hb  Rooms,  in  Ballid  Col- 
lege, Oxford,  aged  6(,  the  Rev.  Oeotge 
Powell,  MA  FeDov  of  that  Socbty,  tad 


Peraetual  Curate  of  Clifton,  in  the  Comity 
of  Oxford. 

Mr.  Powell  was  bom  at  Clifford,  in  Here- 
fordshire, June  10,  176*4.  Having  received 
his  early  education  partly  at  the  Grammar 
School  in  the  city  of  mreford,  and  partly 
at  St.  Omer,  he  was  admitted  a  Commoner 
of  Brasen-nose  College,  May  93,  1781. 
During  his  residence  there,  he  was  renmrka- 
ble  for  the  vivacity  of  hb  dbpoaition,  for 
versatility  of  talent*  and  an  ardent  pursnb  of 
knowledge.  Beine  esteemed  a  young  man 
of  ereat  promise,  he  recommended  himself 
by  hb  character  and  acquirements  to  the 
Master  and  Fellows  of  Balliol ;  and  was  by 
tliem  elected  Fellow  of  their  Socbty,  No- 
vember 99,  1786.  From  that  period  lie 
fixed  his  residence  in  Oxford,  which  he  very 
rarely  could  be  induced  to  leave,  either  for 
business,  or  for  pleasure.  He  filled,  fur  a 
short  time,  the  office  of  Tutor  and  Dean ; 
was  presented  to  the  small  donative  of  Clif- 
ton, in  1797;  and  afterwards  successively 
held  the  Vicarage  of  Abbouhrjr,  and  the  si- 
necure Rectory  of  Duloe,  both  in  the  pa- 
tronage of  hb  College. 

Soon  after  his  election  at  Balliol,  the  Ma- 
thematical and  Phvsical  Scbnces  became  the 
chief  objecto  of  hb  attention.  To  theee, 
and  oarticularly  Astronomy,  he  applied  with 
inde&tigable  industry ;  vet  relaxing  hb  mind 
from  severer  pursuiu,  by  the  study  of  Mo- 
dern Languages  and  BellesLettres.  Altboqgh 
eminently  qualified  by  hb  varied  information 
and  playful  fiuicy  to  please,  as  well  as  to  in- 
struct, he  for  many  years  secluded  hinuelf 
from  general  society,  and  appeared  wholly 
indifferent  to  the  habiu  of  Academical  life. 
In  hb  walks,  however,  he  occasionally  seem- 
ed to  enjoy  opportunities  of  conversation,  in 
which  he  always  dbpbyed  an  acute  and  vi« 

Krous  mind.  Till  fib  healUi  began  to  fiul, 
discharged  with  Judicious  zeal  the  paa- 
toral  duties  of  Clifton.  At  that  pboe  he 
was  equally  attentive  to  the  spiritual  and 
temooral  welfiire  of  hb  Parishioners,  evimung 
by  frequent  acU  of  eharity  a  heart  feelingly 
alive  to  the  wants  of  the  ooor.  The  samo 
anxiety  to  alleviate  the  distresses  and  pro- 
mote the  comforts  of  persons  iu  humble 
stations,  appears  also  in  hb  testamentary  bc- 
ouesU.  It  is  to  be  deeply  lamented,  thai  he 
snould  have  withheld  from  the  world  the 
fruits  of  those  studies  to  which  he  devoted 
a  large  portion  of  hb.  earlbr  life.  Had  he 
allowed  them  to  meet  the  public  eye,  they 
would  probably  have  formed  a  valuable  addi- 
tion to  our  scbntifio  works,  and  widely  ex- 
tended a  reputation  for  talents  and  attain- 
menu  which,  in  consequence  of  hb  long  se- 
clusion, was  of  late  yean  confined  and  known 
ody  tofew. 

The  graaler  part  of  hb  Library  he  be- 
queathed to  Balliol  College.  Hb  Matbema- 
matical  books,  'among  which  b  a  beantifbl 
copy  of  the  **  Princapb,**  presented  by  Sir 
IiMC  NtvUm  to  the  otlebntnd  Dr,  BmiDcy, 


990        Obituary.— J.  D.  Downes,  Esq.-^R  Downing,  Esq.      IMstxA, 


he  left  to  the  Professor  of  Astronomy^  to  he 
deposited  io  the  Library  at  the  Obsenratorj, 
Oxford. 


J.  D.  DowNBs,  Esq.  F.H.S. 

In  our  Magazine  for  June  last,  is  recorded 
the  death  of  John  Dawson  Downes,  Esq.  o( 
Lowestoft,  aged  71. 

This  gentleman  was  a  diligent  and  discri- 
minating Naturalist,  and  one  of  the  most 
skilled  of  modem  amateur  Falconers.  He 
dedicated  a  Treatise  on  the  subject  of  Fal- 
conry) to  the  present  Sir  John  S.  Sebright, 
Bart. 

Mr.  Downes  was  a  member  of  the  Horti- 
cultural Society,  and  latterly  paid  some  at- 
tention to  Gardening,  being  engaged  at  the 
time  of  his  decease  in  the  prosecution  of 
some  ingenious  experiments  relating  to  that 
interesting  and  important  art. 

In  his  general  cnaracter,  Mr.  Downes  was 
an  open,  plain-speaking,  matter-of-fact  man. 
Firmly  fixed  in  the  principles  of  a  Protestant 
Tory,  the  specious  modem  verbiage  about 
<*  liberality"  was  peculiarly  offensive  to  him ; 
and  he  exhibited,  altogetner,  a  noble  speci- 
men of  old-ftshioned  attachment  to  **  Church 
and  King ;" — ^to  the  Constitution  in  Church, 
as  it  was  ; — to  the  King,  as  He  is. 

Mr.  Downes  possessed  a  Library,  contain- 
ing many  valuable  standard  works,  and,  among 
other  rare  books,  some  curious  old  Trea- 
tises upon  Hawking.  He  had  also  a  fow, 
but  good  Paintings,  some  of  then  by  the 
old  Masters.  Both  the  Library  and  nint- 
ings  were  dispersed  after  his  decease,  by 
public  auction.  R*  P. 

Francis  Downing,  Esq. 
Lately,  After  a  long  and  severe  illness, 
Francis  Downing,  Esq.,  Deputy  Inspector  of 
Hospitab.  This  highly-meritorious  Medi- 
cal Officer  was  the  onlv  son  of  the  late  Rev. 
Bladen  Downing,  of  Barham,  near  Canter- 
bnry,  Chaplun  to  Francis  Earl  of  Guilford. 
He  was  apprenticed  to  Sir  Charles  Blick, 
one  of  the  Surgeons  of  St.  Bartholomew's 
Hospital ;  and,  when  out  of  his  time,  wai 
so  well  recommended  fcir  hu  great  profes- 
sional skill,  that  he  soon  gained  an  appoint- 
ment as  a  Staff  Surgeon ;  in  which  sitna- 
tioo  he  served  in  Portu^  and  Spain,  and 
for  several  years  in  Sicily,  and  afterwards  at 
the  Baule  <A  Waterloo.  On  that  important 
oecasion,  he  at  Brussels  paid  such  unwearied 
aad  skiHbl  attention  to  the  sick  and  wounded, 
that  be  was  shortly  promoted  to  be  a  De- 
pwty-Inspector  of  Hospiuls,  the  duties  of 
whkh  he  foithfolly  discharged. 

CLERGY  DECEASED. 

At  Tnabrid^  Wells,  the  Rev.  Thomas 
Bnoktt,  LLD.  Rector  of  Avening  and  Hor- 
ton,  Glooc. ;  to  both  which  livings  be  was 
iflstitotcd  on  bis  own  petition,  about  IS  16. 

The  Rev.  Pfwieis  CbJenuR,    Rector  of 


ff 

Hnmber,  Heref.  He  was  of  St.  John's  eoU.' 
Camb.  A.M.  per  saltum  1801,  and  waspie- 
sented  to  Humber  in  1819,  by  Lord  Chan- 
cellor Eldon. 

The  Rev.  C,  T,  Gcoch,  of  Framlbaham, 
aged  86. 

The  Re^.  rr.  Harrif,  LL.D.  Theological 
Tutor  of  Highbury  college,  and  pastor  of  the 
Independent  Church  at  Stoke  Newington. 

The  Rev.  Ber^famin  Jonet,  Rector  of 
Gweraesney,  Monmouihshire,  Vicar  of  Saul 
and  Hampton,  Glouc.  and  an  active  Magis- 
trate for  the  coon^  of  Monmouth.  He  was 
presented  to  his  rectory  in  1818  by  the  Doke 
of  Beaufort,  and  to  Saul  by  the  Rev.  Robert 
Halifax,  Vicar  of  Standish. 

At  Lampeter,  Pembrokes.  the  Rev.  0^. 
Morgan,  M.A.  Rector  of  that  Parish,  Vicar 
of  Uandwy  Velfiri,  with  Crinoa  annexed,  and 
a  Prebendary  of  Clyday,  in  the  Church  iof  St. 
David's.  He  was  presented  to  Llandwy  Vel- 
fri  in  1 809,  by  Lord  Chancellor  J^don,  aad 
collated  to  llampeter,  in  18tff,  bv  the  Bp. 
of  St.  David's.  .         J        -nr 

The  Rev.  fK  P.  MydddUm,  BA.  Ch^ 
Iain  to  Worcester  Coun^  Gaol. 

Aged  68,  the  Rev.  John  Baptist  Proby, 
Vicar  of  St.  Mary's,  Lichfield,  and  of  Bre- 
wood,  Staffordshire^  first  cousin  to  the  late 
Earl  of  Ctrysfort,  and  bhfther  to  Mwy  Lady 
Seaforth.  He '  was  the  eldest  son  of  the 
Very  Rev.Baptist  Proby,D.D.  Dean  of  Lich- 
field, who  died  in  1807,  (seememotiw  of  him 
io  our  vol.  Lxzvii,  ;  8S,  975 ;  and  his  epi- 
taph in  vol.  Lxxxi,  ii.  Q550  by  Mary,  dau. 
of  the  Rev.  John  Rustell,  rreMndaiy  of  Pe- 
terborough and  Lincoln.  The  gentleman  now 
decensed  was  ofTria.coU.  Camb.  B.A.  1785, 
M.A.1 788.  He  was  presented  to  hb  Lichfield 
benefice  in  1789,  by  the  Dean  aad  Chapter, 
and  to  Brewood  hi  1804,  by  his  fitther,  as 
Dean.  Mr.  Proby  married  Mary-Sosaaaa, 
sixth  and  youagest  dan.  of  Sir  Nigtl  Gieslej 
the  sixth  Bart,  and  anat  to  the  pieeit  Sir 
IRnmet  Gtesley. 

At  Aloeater,  Warw.  the  Rev.  Bdmsmd 
ilfftoftms.  Rector  of  Dorsiagtoa.  He  was  of 
Wore.  coll.  Oxf.,  M.A.  1780,  aad  waa  pra- 
seated  to  his  tiviag  in  I8I69  hj  W.  Raw- 
lias,  esq. 

At  Dawlish,  the  Rev.  EduwrdJ.fT  f^, 
M.A.  of  EaHUUiel  coll.  Camb.,  Rector  of  St. 
Simoa  aad  St  Jade,  Noiwich,  aad  of  Scaa-. 
ford  Dhigley,  Berks ;  to  the  latter  of  which 
liviags  he  was  preseated  ia  1895»  by  hb  &- 
therthe  Rev.  Edward  Valpv,  B.D/ Master 
of  Norwich  school ;  and  to  the  former  ia  the 
followiog  year,  bv  the  Bishop  of  Norwich. 

Aged  62,  the  Rev.  David klOiams^  Viear 
of  Wigmore,  ia  Herefordshire,  to  which  he 
was  collated  bv  the  Bishop  ia  18«t. 

Dsc.  10.  At  New  Bnmswkh»  the  Rev. 
David  OvtHt  senior  Fellow  of  Triaity  coll. 
Cambridge.  This  gentlemaa  was  tha  saaaor 
Wrangler  of  1777f  the  first  Smith's  priie-. 
man  ia  the  saoM  year,  aad  second  Mcasbesa* 
prizemaain  1779;  he  proceeded  M.A.  I789. 


18S0.1 


Obituary. 


%%\ 


Jan.  S8.  At  Hawobjt  Yorkthire,  tged 
fil,  ib«  Re?.  fflUtam  Douker,  Rector  of 
that  perUb,  to  which  he  wmt  pretcoted  in 
1 898  hy  Lord  Geoi|^  Ceveodith. 

Feb,  15.  The  Rer.  Nask  KemHe,  Rector 
of  LHtle  Paredcm,  to  which  he  wet  prcMot- 
rd  io  181 1  hj  Wn.  Smith,  esq.  and  Curate 
of  Ruowell  and  Ramtden  Crayt,  Emcx. 

Ftt.  1 7.  At  Newtoo  Abbott,  Devno,  the 
Rev.  Rubtri  Bratifvrd,  Perpctaal  Curate  of 
that  chapelrj  and  Woolboroogb,  to  which 
he  was  presented  bj  Lord  Vtscoant  Coarte- 
Day.  He  was  ibood  dead  in  bis  garden, 
haviiir  been  attacked  by  apoplexy  when 
itooping. 

/e6. 18.  At  Northchnrch  rectory,  Hants, 
aged  74,  the  Rev.  Ftanm-Henry  Barker^ 
Rect(«rof  that  pariah  and  Steppingley,  Beds, 
and  Vicar  of  St.  Stephen's,  St.  Albans.  He 
was  presented  to  Stenpioglcy  io  1785  by 
tbe  late  Dnke  of  Bedford,  to  bis  church  at 
St.  Alban's,  in  1790,  1^  Alfred  Fisher, 
Esq.,  and  to  Northchurch  in  1793  by  the 
Prince  of  Wales ;  and  was  admitted  tu  tbe 
degree  of  M.  A.  by  accomulstlon,  as  of 
Emannel  college,  Cambridge,  io  1794. 

At  Edington,  Wilts,  aged  77,  the  R«v. 
ffVtiam  Rof*lM,  Vicar  of  WilsfoH  and  Wood- 
ford, to  which  united  parishes  be  was  pre- 
sented in  1789  by  the  Prebendar}-  of  the 
stall  bearing  the  same  name  in  the  cathedral 
of  Salisbury. 

Fel:  91 .  Aged  60,  the  Rer.  Edward  Lew- 
/on,  Prf»fessor  of  Classical  and  General  Lite- 
rature, Librarian,  and  Registrar  at  the  East 
India  College,  Haile^bury.  He  was  of  Wad- 
liam  coll.  Oxf.  M.A.  1794. 

Feb.  15.  At  Stewkl^,  Bocki,  aged  66, 
tbe  Rev.  Chariet  jlshJUid,  Vicar  of  that 
parish.  He  was  of  Magdalen  Hall,  Oxford, 
M.A.  1786;  and  %ras  presented  to  Stewk- 
ley  in  1 809  by  Dr.  Randolph,  then  Bp.  of 
Oxford. 

March  I.  At Millljank,  WestmlnsMf,  the 
^ew.  John-Thomas  Grant,  Rector  of  Butter- 
lelgh,  Devon.  He  was  of  St.  John*i-coll. 
Camb.  B.A.  1811,  M.A.  1816,  and  was 
presented  to  Bntterleigh  in  1894  by  Lord 
Cbsocellor  Eldon. 

March  4.  At  Babergh,  Suffolk,  aged  45, 
the  Rev.  Robert  Kedingtom,  Rector  c^  Bred- 
field  CorolMist,  and  a  Magistrate  for  the 
countv.  He  was  formerly  Fellow  of  Caiua 
cull.  Camb.  where  he  proceeded  B.A.  1807 
(being  the  lltb  Wrangler),  M.A.  1810; 
and  he  was  presented  to  hiis  living  in  181(> 
bv  the  Rev.  H.  Hasted. 


DEATHS. 

LovDOn  avo  ITS  VicnriTV. 

Aug.  14.  CoLT.  NoihaU,  E.I.C. 

Dee.  14.  J.  LMinaa,  eM|.  LL.D.  for- 
merly Aoglo-Saxoa  PrulHsor  io  the  looiaa 
Ualversity,  and  yomgirt  soa  of  the  bU  S. 

Qtwr,  Mao.  March,  1 890. 

V2 


Lnsiffu*B>  etq-  interpreter  to  the  King  for 
the  Turkish  and  Arabic  languages. 

Dec, ...  In  Bedford-aq.  ag^  93,  Mn. 
Hare. 

Jan.  13.  In  Montaga-sq.  Ledy  Leigh* 

Jan.  19.  Aged  91,  Mr.  Oeorge  J^hnet 
Braine ;  and  on  the  99th,  aged  19,  hit 
brother,  Mr.  Joseph-Pott  Braine,  who  bad 
left  Christ's-colL  Camb.  in  the  middle  of  last 
term,  for  tbe  benefit  of  his  health  i  sooa  of 
George  Braine,  esq.  OMrchant,  of  I^ndoo. 

Jan. ,  .  Tbe  wifb  of  Henry  Southey,  M.O. 
Physician  to  His  Majesty. 

At  Chelsea,  Dorothy,  widow  of  T.  Bowyer, 
gent,  of  Huckiogham,  and  only  sister  of 
late  Rev.  Dr.  Parr,  of  Hatton. 

Feb.  8.  In  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  aged  78, 
William  Uster,  M.D.  He  married  a  daugh- 
ter of  Isaac  Solly,  esq.  (some  memoirs  of 
whom  will  be  fuund  in  our  vol.  Lzxii.  p« 
\B9)t  and  has  left  a  numerous  family. 

Feb.  16.  At  her  brother's,  George  Vin- 
cent, esq.  Bedfurd-st.  Bedford-sq.  aged  73, 
Miss  Hester  Vincent,  formerly  of  Churchill, 
Somerset. 

Feb.  18.  At  Regent*sM>ark,  aged  69, 
James  Ca<lett,  eso.  late  of  Trinidad. 

At  Whitehead  s-grove,  Belcrave-sqnare, 
in  her  96th  year,  Mary,  wifo  of  Robert  Bell, 
esq. :  and  on  the  98d,  their  infant  son, 
George- Villiers  Bell. 

Feb.  90.  Aged  75,  Susannah,  wife  of  Wa. 
Dyer,  esq.  Blackheath. 

Aged  S7,  Mr.  Samuel  Booth,  of  Fleet* 
St.  law-boukseller. 

Feb.  91.  At  Brixton,  in  her  85th  year, 
Mrs.   Haighton,   sister   to   the  late  John' 
Haigbton,  esq.  M.D.  F.R.S. 

Feb  99.  In  her  80th  ^ear,  Mrs.  Eliz. 
Smith,  of  New  Ormond  st.  relict  of  Robert 
Smith,  esq.  of  Croydon. 

Feb.  93.  Eliz.  wifo  of  J.  Kaill,  esq.  of 
Hans-place,  Chelsea. 

In  Middlesex -place.  New-road,  aged  9$, 
the  Chevalier  Peter  Pesaro,  tbe  last  de- 
scendant of  that  noble  and  illustrious  Vene- 
tian family. 

Feb.  96.  In  College-street,  Westminster, 
aged  68,  Mr.  William  Ginger,  bookseller  to 
Westminster  School,  and  a  member  of  the 
Conrt  of  AnsistanU  of  the  Stationers'  Com- ' 
pany ;  and  son  of  Mr.  William  Ginger,  who 
preceded  him  in  the  same  business,  and  died 
in  1 803.    A  third  generation  now  aueeceds. 

Fe^.97.  In  Bloomsburysq.aged69,  JtM, 
wife  of  Jaaes  Donalds  on,  esq. 

Feb.  98.  In  Bemer*s-strcet.  in  her  70tb 
year,  Mary,  widow  of  Sir  Wm.  Bensl^, 
Bart.  She  was  the  only  daughter  of  Vin- 
cent-John  Biscoe,  esq.  1^  his  first  wife,  tbe 
Lady  Mary  Seymour,  only  daughter  of  Ed- 
ward eighth  Duke  of  Somerset,  and  sister  of 
Edward,  and  Webb,  niath  and  tenth  Dnkee. 
In  eariy  Kfe  shfc-made  a  tear  on  tbe  Coaci* 
nent  wkh  Dr.  and  Mrs.  Owodler,  bia»elf 
alftody  the  dialisfniahed  traveller  in  Owm 
■Bd  Asin  Ifipnr ;  asd  toaw  ytnn  alUrwardi 


289 


Obituary. 


[Mfupdi, 


received  Into  hex  house  in  hU  old  age  James 
Hutton,  not  less  distinguished  in  another 
way,  as  one  of  the  most  learned  and  pious 
inenil)ers  of  the'  Church  of  the  United 
BretJiren,  and  recognised  as  such  hy  Dr. 
Johnson.  On  June  19»  1798,  she  married 
William  Bensley,  esq.  one  of  the  Directors 
of  Ihe  £a«t  India  Company,  who  was  created 
»  Barooet  in  June  1801,  and  whose  death 
without  issue,  in  Dec.  1 809,  is  recorded  in 
our  vol.  for  1810,  i.  85.  Her  widowhiiod 
she  passed  chiefly  in  her  bouse  in  Berner's- 
■treet,  where  her  charities  were  considerable. 
She  endured  a  trying  illness  of  fourteen 
months  with  the  most  unbroken  patience 
and  Christian  resignation. 

Lately,  In  Grosvenor-place,  John  King, 
esq.  Comptroller  of  Army  Accounts,  brother- 
in-law  to  the  late  Bishop  Beadon.  He  was 
found  dead  in  his  bed,  after  having  attended 
bis  office  on  the  preceding  day. 

In  Fleet-street«  aged  80,  Mr.  Pheney, 
upwards  of  53  years  law*  bookseller  iu  luner 
lemple-lane. 

In  Camden-town,  aged  7 1 ,  the  widow  of 
Mr.  Ry^n,  bookseller,  and  mother  of  Ri- 
chard Ryan,  author  of  several  works  in 
poetry  and  prose. 

At  Hampstead*  aged  83,  Martha,  widow 
of  J.  Atkin,  M  D.,  who  died  in  1829 ;  and 
of  whom  an  interesting  memoir  will  be 
fband  in  vol.  xciii.  i.  p.  86. 

March  1.  In  Dorset- place,  aged  59,  Geo. 
Tappen,  esq. 

March  3.  In  Lower  Grosvenor-st.  Col. 
John  Mackenzie,  C.  B.  of  £.  I.  C.'s  Madras 
establishment. 

In  Nelson-sq.  Caroline,  wife  of  Thos.Ro- 
bipaoo  Williams,  esq.  of  Rhode  Island,  U.  S. 

March  4.  At  Peokbam-grove,  the  wife 
of  Mr.  Hewlett,  solicitor,  ofGreat  James-st. 

In  Gt.  Russell- St.  aged  58,  W.  Smith,  esq. 

March  5.  At  Chelsea,  aged  6'6,  Samuel 
Lancaster,  esq. 

'  At  the  British  Museum,  the  wife  of 
Fred.  Madden,  Deputy-keeper  of  the  MSS. ; 
and  on  the  same  day,  her  inftmt  and  only 
child. 

Captain  W.  Luke,  of  Newman-st. 

March  9.  In  Regent-st.  James  Denny* 
eso.  of  the  Bengal  Medical  Establishment. 

In  Parliameot-sU  much  regretted  by  hia 
friends  and  ueij;hbonrs,  Henry  Watson,  esq. 

March  11.  In  Russell-sq.  aged  87,  Wm. 
Hay,  esq. 

March  13.  Henry  Hakewill,  esq.  of 
Biuoswick-pl.  Rcgeut's  Parki 

At  Camherwell,  age<l  78,  £dw.  Venn,  esq. 

March  14.  In  Gower-st.  a^ed  88,  Col. 
Wm.  Duncan,  late  of  Bengal  Service. 

In  Brunswick-square,  Thos.  Meggison, 
esq.  of  the  King's  Remembrancer's-offico, 
a  Cominissioner  of  Bankrupts. 

March  16.  In  Russell-square,  aged  63> 
Thomas  Beckwith,  esq. 

March  17.  Lydia,  wife  of  Dr.  John  Sims, 
of  Cavendish-square. 


Berks.*— JciTi.  16.  At  hia  residence,  at 
Datchet,  John  Beard,  esq.  F.S.A.  for  fiifiy- 
three  years  a  Proctor  of  Doctors'  Cofflmons^ 
and  tne  only  remaining  descendant  of  a 
most  respectable  and  ancient  family  of  the 
city  of  London*  He  was  favoured  with  an 
amiable  disposition,  and  the  manners  of  a 
perfect  gentleman  ;  and,  by  extensive  read- 
ing, had  acquired  a  large  atore  of  informa- 
tion. In  domestic  life,  he  shone  as  a  most 
affectionate  husbaud,  a  good  master,  sincere 
friend,  and  virtuous  Christian.  He  was  a 
member  of  the  Antiquarian  Society  thirty- 
four  years,  and  twenty-nine  years  belonging 
to  the  Company  df  Scriveners.  He  was  a 
subscriber  to  many  charities,  and  bis  hand 
was  always  open  to  assbt  the  needy. 

Feb,  S5.  At  Windsor,  Mrs.  Kenpioott, 
relict  of  the  Rev.  Benjamin  Kennicottt  D.D. 
formerly  Canon  of  Cnrist  Church. 

Bucks. — March  9.  Aged  70,  John  See- 
ley,  eso.  an  eminent  printer  and  bookseller, 
of  Bucaingham ;  and  brother  of  Mr.  Seeley, 
bookseller,  of  Fleet-street. 

Cheshire.— At  Dunham  Massey,  aged 
58,  the  Lady  Louisa  Grey,  sister  to  the 
£arl  of  Stam&rd  and  Warrington.  She  was 
the  fourth  dau.  of  Geo.- Harry,  the  fifth  and 
late  Earl,  by  Lady  Henrietu  Bentinck»  aant 
to  the  present  Duke  of  Portland. 

Cumberland. — Feb,\7.  At  Carlisle,  at 
her  mother's,  Elizabeth,  widow  of  Lieut. 
Charles  Lockbart,  R.  N.  who  died  at  Bristol 
ID  December  last. 

DBYOtfiHiRE. — iMdy,  At  Tiverton,  aged 
Bit  Charles  Row,  esq.  of  Levenabayea- 
House,  near  Silvertoo. 

Dorset. — Lately,  at  Stourton  Cavndle, 
Capt.  John  Serreil^  R.  N.  He  received  bia 
first  conmiaaion  in  1793 ;  was  made  a  Com- 
mander in  the  Echo  aloop  of  war,  at  Jamaica, 
in  1 800,  and  poatad  into  the  Garland  frigate, 
on  the  sam^  station,  in  1 805.  He  auba*- 
qoently  commanded  the  CnmberbuMl,  74 ; 
the  Victory,  a  first-rate,  fitting  fsr  ths  flag 
of  Sir  James  Saumarex ;  and  Heldcr  fngate. 
The  last  was  employed  for  several  yeara  on 
tba  Baltic  station.  Capt.  Serrall  OMuriad, 
in  1804,  Miss  E.Dean,  of  Uvmool. 

Match  1.  At  Bkodfofd^  Cornelia,  wifo  of 
the  Hon.  Archibald  Steirart  (twin  brother 
to  the  Earl  of  Moraj)  and  youngest  dau.  of 
the  late  Edmund  Morton  rleydell,  esq.  of 
Milbome  St.  Andrew.  She  was  married  in 
1798  ;  and  bn  left  a  numerous  family. 

March  17.  At  Castle-hill,  Chas.  Monta- 
gue Williams,  esq.,  nephew  to  Robt.  Wil- 
liams, esq.  M.P.  fur  Dorchester,  and  one  of 
the  firm  of  Messrs.  Williams,  Deacon,  and 
Co.  bankers,  Birchin-lane. 

DuRUAM.— AforcA   8.    Helen-Margaret, 
wife  of  the  Rev.  T.  Gaisfurd,  Regies  Ph>- 
fessor  of  Greek,  and  Preb.  of  Durham. 
.  £asBK.*-Fe&.  17.    Mary,  wife  of  Luke- 
Wm.Walford,  esq.  of  Little  Bardfield-HAll. 

March  18.-  At  the  Grove,  Wttbam,  aged 
80,  MiB.  Dn  Cbqc. 


18300 


Obituary. 


S83 


March  97.  AtColclMtter,  md  7^  Mary 
Anne,  rtlici  of  ib«  Rtv.  Too.  Bwttow, 
Rector  of  AUhaai. 

GtOUCUTlli. — Jan,  AtCbelteohaiB,«grfl 
17f  MiM  C»an«  dao.  of  Mr.  Juho  Caan,  of 
Hereford.  Thie  hiflhly-taUnted  youof  lady's 
perforgiaocea  oe  3m  JiuU  elicited  the  ad- 
miratic^  and  attoonhmeot  of  the  aodieacet 
at  tlie  rectot  U«relbrd  aad  Gloucester  Fes- 
tivals. 

Aged  90,  J.  N.  Morse,  es<).  of  Newent. 

At  Fransptoa-oo-Severo,  aged  79,  John 
£arl«,  e»q. 

At  l^6eld-LodgCy  Strond,  aged  73 » 
Charles  CHBeyt  Mq- 

Affed  90,  uuna-LairreBce,  yoaogest  dau. 
of  Rer.  R.  L.  Towoseod,  D.  b.  Rector  of 
Bbhop's  Cleeve. 

Feb.  90.  At  Bristol,  aged  6'6,  Mr.  James 
Niblock. 

Fa,  99.  At  Clifton,  aged  99,  the  relict 
of  B.  Bartlett,  cm.  and  sister  to  the  late  John 
Palmer,  esq.  of  Bath. 

Ftb.  99.  Anelia-Maria«  wife  of  the  Rer. 
W.  Hicks,  Rector  of  Coberiy. 

March  9.  At  Stapletoo,  aged  65,  Charles 
Joseph  Harford,  esq. 

hfvch  6,  At  Clifton  Hotwells,  Tlieresa* 
Frances,  relict  of  Fitaherbert  Brooke*  esq. 
of  Staashawee-Cnurt. 

March  8.  At  Gloacester,  Anna-Eliia,  in- 
hat  dan.  of  Sir  £.  S.  Staohope,  Bart. 

Hants.— J^  91.  John  Colsoo,  esq. 
many  years  a  cftasiderabJe  com  merchant  of 
Salisbury. 

Jon.  93.  At  Orchard-placet  Southamp- 
ton, Cha.  J.  Heodertoo,  esq.  aged  80. 

Feb.  99.  Mrs.  B.  WollatODceraft,  dan.  of 
the  lau  Edw.  Bland  Wollstonecraft,  esq. 
formerly  of  Southampton. 

Feb.  96.  At  East  Covret,  Isle  of  Wight, 
aged  79,  Lieut.-Oen.  John  Burton,  kte  of 
the  Royal  Artillery,  in  which  he  was  ap- 
pointed First  Lieutenant  1780,  Captain 
1791,  Major  in  the  army  1798,  Lient.-Col. 
1909 f  Colonel  R.  Art.  1809,  Major-General 
1819,  and  Ueut.-Geoeral  189ft.  He  com- 
manded the  artillery  at  the  capture  of 
Ouadaloupe,  in  1810^  and  in  conseqoence 
wore  a  medal. 

March  7.  At  WooUers  Dean,  Aadover, 
Wm.  Burrough  Child,  esq. 

March  10.  At  the  residence  of  Lady 
Peake,  Priastcnd,  Sarah,  wife  of  Capt.  John 
Wyatt  WaUiog,  of  his  Majesty's  sliip  Hy- 
perioo. 

Htatrono.— >Lale^.  At  Leomhitter,  aged 
60,  O.  Allen,  esq.  a  post  Captain  R.  N. 

March  II.  Aged  67,  J.  N.  Thompeon, 
esq.  of  Hatchwo<^,  near  Odiham. 

Kent. — Feb.  7.  At  Crofton-court,  agnd 
91 ,  Elir.-Louiea,  wifii  af  Gm.  Tucker,  M  J), 
aod  youngest  dan.  of  late  H.  G.  Minebaw, 
esq. 

March  94.  At  Deal,  aged  67,  Mary,  wife 
of  the  Rev.  Moatagu  Pennington,  Perpatnal 
Cvate  of  Deal  Ch^l,  aad  Vicar  of  North- 


bonra.  Mrs.  Pennington  was  equally  dis- 
tinguished liy  the  clearness  of  her  head  and 
by  the  qualities  of  her  heart.  The  «arioni 
oharitiet  of  that  town  and  nei|;hKourhood 
had  been  for  msny  years  committed  t6  her 
care,  aod  she  fulfilled  the  sacred  trast  it 
sueh  a  manner  is  to  give  equal  fatisfeetion 
to  rich  aad  poor. 

Laitc.— •Jcr/i.  19.  At  Preston,  aged  69, 
Lieut.-Oen.  John  Rigby  Fletcher.  As  a 
member  of  one  of  the  first  fiuailies  in  tht 
county,  the  deceased  General  was  hirhly 
respected}  whilst  within  the  circle  of  his 
numerous  friends  and  acquaintance,  he  won 
the  esteem  and  good  wishes  of  all  by  hit 
uniform  luoduess  of  disposition.  He  entered 
the  army  at  an  early  age,  hsviog  been  ap- 
pointed Cornet  in  the  6th  dragoons  in  1787^ 
Lieutenant  1791,  Captain  179S,  Major  1794, 
Lieut -Culonrl  in  the  army  1798,  Colonel 
1 808,  Msior-Oeneral  1811,  and  Lteut.-Gen« 
1891.  From  Nov.  1 794,  to  Dec.  1 796,  ha 
served  on  the  Continent,  in  the  army  under 
the  Duke  of  York. 

LfNC. — Dec.  IS.  At  Syston  Park,  Mary, 
wife  of  Sir  John  Hayford  Thoratd,  Bart.' 
and  sister  to  Sir  Clutrles  C.  Kent,  Bart. 
She  was  the  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Sir  Chai. 
Kent,  the  first  Bart,  by  Marv,  diu.  and  eoh. 
of  Josiah  Wordsworth,  of  Wordsworth  fai 
Yorkshire,  esq. ;  was  married  Oct  1,  181 !» 
and  gave  birth  to  a  son  and  heir  in  1816. 

LaUly.  AtHatcli£fe,aged  86,  Eiiiabetb, 
widow  of  Rev.  Anthony  Fumeu,  Vicar  of 
Caboum. 

March  5.  At  Boston,  Wm.  Ingelow,  esq. 
many  years  banker  and  merchant  there. 

MfDDLKtEX. — March  7.  At  Bromley, 
aged  60,  Joseph  Ksin,  esq. 

March  13.  At  Hampton  Court  Palact, 
aged  69,  Louisa  eldest  survivinz  dau.  of  the 
late  Chas.  Chester,  esq.  of  Chichley,  aaxt 
brother  to  the  first  Lord  Bigot,  by  Cathariae^ 
dtu.  of  the  Hon.  Heofuge  Legge,  and  sister 
to  Sir  Chas.  Cliester  and  the  C^uoteM  dow* 
agar  of  Liverpool. 

NoaTHAMrroK, — Jan  6.  Aged  49,  Geo. 
second  son  of  the  late  Mr.  Cux,  of  Gold- 
street. 

March  9.  Ai;ed  99,  Oiarlotte-LocY,  cl- 
deet  dan.  of  Charles  Rathay,  M.D.  of  Da- 
ventry. 

OxoN  — Feb.  98.  Aged  97,  Edw.  DttMb, 
£.  L  C.'e  ierviee,  third  son  of  the  Rev.  Geo. 
Dtipuis,  Rector  of  Wendleburv. 

Rutland.— fU'.  98.  Aged  71,  Bentley 
Warren,  esq.  solicitor,  at  Uppingham. 

SnaoMHima.— Jon.  9.  AtCh^oryNortb» 
aged  91 ,  Thomie  Mytton,  esq.  a  Justice  of 
the  Peaee  for  the  coontr.  He  was  fbrmerl/ 
a  member  of  Baliol  college,  Oxford,  wherf 
he  was  created  M.A.Dec.  16, 1758;  aildlir 
earhr  Kfc  »m  •  diningoishcd  barrister  iatha. 
Oxford  circuit. 

Jant  I  a.  At  Coalbrookdale,  eged  8U 
AoM,  widow  of  Andrew  Clarke,  esq.  of 
Shrewsbury.    She  was  a  warm  friend  to  the 


984 


Obituary* 


[Nfarch, 


poor  during  Her  protracted  Ufe»  and  has  be- 
Qucatbed  nearly  three  thousand  pounds  for 
tne  lupport  of  different  charitable  institu- 
tions. Being  one  of  the  Society  of  Friends, 
her  ftmaios  woe  iaterred  in  iheir  bnrial- 
grooad  at  Shrewsbury. 

Jan*  96.  Aged  6I9  Mr.  Jchn  Adney,  sen. 
of  Rowton  in  nigh  Ercall.  He  was  one  of 
tiie  aeaiett  relatives  in  collateral  descent  to 
the  celebrated  Richard  Baxter,  who  was 
bom  at  Rowton  about  161 5,  and  whose  mo- 
ther's maiden  name  was  Adney. 

Fe^.  92.  Aged  99,  the  widow  of  Thomas 
Mytton,  esq.  of  Shipton  Hall ;  she  was  dau. 
of  Sir  Henry  Ed wardes,  the  5th  Bart,  by  his 
cousin  Eleanor  daughter  of  the  third  Bart, 
of  the  same  fimlly,  and  was  married  to  Mr. 
Mytton,  in  175i). 

Somerset.— Fefr.  99.  Aged  64,  C.  Mu»- 
grave,  esq.  of  Taunton. 

At  Yeovil,  Mary,  wife  of  the  Rev.  Thos. 
TomVins. 

Fth,  96.  At  Compton  Castle,  aged  55, 
John  Hubert  Hunt,  esq. 

Ftb.  98.  At  Wellington,  Cheyne,  wife  of 
Capt.  Slade,  R.N.,  and  sister  to  the  late 
Chas.  Roe,  esq.  Comptroller  of  the  Customs 
at  Hull. 

March  1.  AtFrome,  aged  81,  Eliz.  relict 

of  Rev.  E.  Napier,  rector  of  Sutton  Walrond. 

March  4.  At  Barrow-house,  Eliz.-Mary, 

widow  of  Arthur  Hague,  esq.  formerly  of 

Calcutta. 

Lately.  At  Ubley,  aged  80,  Geo.  Wright, 
esq. 

At  Bath,  at  an  advanced  age,  Catherine, 
widow  of  Geo.  Hyde  Clarke,  esq.  of  Hyde 
Hall,  Cheshire ;  by  whom  she  had  two  sons, 
George  Clarke,  esq.  now  of  Hyde,  and  Edward 
of  Swanswick. 

At  Bath,  the  infant  son  of  the  Hon.  Fred. 
Noel,  Capt.  R.N. 

In  her  90th  year,  Harriet- Anne,  eld.  dau. 
of  FJ*.  A.  Steele,  esq.  of  Shepton  Mallet,  and 
niece  to  Sir  Richard  Steele,  Bart,  of  co. 
Dublin. 
Staffordshire. — Feb.  14.  Aged96,John, 
fourth  son  of  Francis  Eld,  esq.  of  Leigh- 
lord  Hall. 

Lately.  At  her  son's  at  Dudley,  aged  86, 
Mrs.  Priscilla  Waring,  formerly  of  Ludlow. 
At  Fradeswell  Hall,  Edm.  J.  Birch,  esq. 
Suffolk. — Feb.  26.  At  Bury,  Anne,  re- 
lict of  the  Rev.  Thos.  Waddington,  D.D. 
preb.  of  Ely.  She  was  the  eldest  daughter, 
— and  co-heiress  with  her  only  sister,  Slary, 
wife  of  the  Rev.  Dr.  Chafy,  Master  of  Sid- 
ney College,— of  the  late  John  Westwood, 
esq.  of  Chatteris,  in  the  Isle  of  Ely. 

Feb.  98.  At  Lakenbeath,  in  hia  73d  year, 
Robt.  £«glo>  ••q-t «  magistrau  of  Suffolk  for 
the  division  of  Lackfbrd. 

Laitbf.  Aged  60,  John  Fowler,  esq.  of 
Corton. 

At  Col.  Pogson's,  Ke^grave  Hall,  Mrs. 
WilliamB,  rdict  of  Adm.  Carthew,  formerly 
of  tha  Abbey,  Woodbridge. 


SuRRiV.— 'BforeA  I.  At  Clandon,  aged 
36,  the  Right  Hon.  Mary  Countess  On«low« 
Her  Ladyship  was  the  eldest  dan.  of  George 
Fludyer,  esq.  bv  Lidy  Man^-Jane,  sister  to 
the  Earl  of  Westmoreland  t  was  married 
July  91,  1818,  and  has  left  a  daughter. 
Lady  Mary>Augnsta,  and  a  ton,  Anhor* 
George  Viscount  Craoley. 

March  6.  At  Heme*  Dill,  aged  41 ,  Geo. 
Huudleby,  esq.  late  of  Freeman  s  Court,  and 
of  Denmark-hill,  Camberwell.  He  married 
successively  two  daughters  of  the  late  John 
Curtis,  of  Ludgate-hill,  esq. 

Lately.  At  the  Countesa  of  Pembroke's, 
Richmond,  Miss  Jardine,  daughter  of  late 
Col.  J.,  Consul-general  in'Spain. 

Sussex. — March  16.    At  Brighton,  aged 

86,  Tliomas  Pi}K>n,  esq.,  many  years  chief 
magistrate  of  Jersey. 

Warwick. — March  1.  Aged  50,  Chtirlee 
Cope,  esq.  of  Chadlane-hill,  Edgbaston,  an 
acting  magistrate  of  the  eounty. 

Wilts  — Feb.  98.  At  Mappertoa  House, 
aged  8.  Margaret-Harriett,  second  dau.  of 
Sir  M.  H.  Nepeaa,  Kart. 

March  8.    In  the  Close,  Salisbury,  aged 

87,  Tlicodosia,  relict  of  Dr.  Frome,  for- 
merly Rector  of  East  Woodhay,  Berks. 

WoRCEtTBStRiiiB. — Feb,  18.  At  Worces- 
ter, Mary,  eldest  daughter  of  tbe  lateRobt. 
Bourne,  M.D. 

March  9.  In  his  64th  year,  Wm.  Welles, 
esq.  attorney,  of  Worcester. 

VoRKsHiRB.— JffK.  99.  At  LangtoD  Vica- 
rage,  in  his  9 1st  year,  Mr.  John  O.  S.  Chees- 
broogh,  nephew  of  the  Rev.  J.  Cheesbrougb. 
Jan,  94.  At  Grimaby,  aged  89,  John 
Brown,  parbh  clerk  for  the  last  80  years, 
during  a  f;reat  part  of  which  he  was  stone 
blind.  His  remaina  were  followed  to  the 
grave  by  a  numerooa  train  of  children,  grand- 
children, and  great-grand  •children. 

Jtfn.95.  At  Owmby,  ased  84,  Miss  Bing- 
ham, who  lately  kept  a  boarding-achool  at 
Brigg ;  eMest  dau.  of  Rev.  Robt.  Bingham, 
Vicar  of  North  Kelsey. 

Jan,  99.  Mr.  Jvmh  Ferraby,  eonvev* 
ancer,  and  nephew  of  late  Mr.  Cotsworth, 
solicitor,  of  Hull. 

Jon.  31.  At  Hiendley,  advanced  in  age, 
Shenley  Watson,  esq. 

At  Elstemwick,  in  Holdemets,  aged  76, 
the  relict  of  John  Bell,  esq. 

Feb.  1 .  Aged  77,  Tliomss  Heasleden,  esq. 
of  North  Ferriby,  near  Hull. 

Feb.  1 8.  At  Wetwang,  near  Driffield,  aced 
58,  Tho.  Wilberfoss,  esq:,  whose  huMj  bad 
resided  at  Wilherfoss  600  years. 

Feb.  19.  At  York,  aged  89,  Mrs.  Cayley, 
wife  of  Samuel  Cayley,  esq.  of  Upp  Hail, 
Lincolnshire. 

Feb.  90.  At  Ripon,  aged  87i  Mr.  Jaama 
Dibdin  Hubbarde.  He  was  educated  for  the 
Bar,  but  subsequently  fbllowtd  the  uroCa 

I,  and  WM  • 


sion  of  a  reporter  for  thepfceej 
contributor  to  several  of  the  amraale.     la 
January  he  received  seyera  injuriea  of 


1S30] 


Obituary. 


985 


ftpiD«»  \*y  the  ortrtiiroiag  of «  Darhun  eoMhy 
from  which  he  Mvcr  rtcoverad. 

Fet.  t4.  Mr.  Richard  Brooke,  of  Bams- 
ley,  solicitor,  kt«  of  the  fino  of  Cloogh, 
Brooke,  aod  Norton. 

Otfoliae,  tecood  daagbur  of  Rich.  Ktm* 
pUvy  esq.  of  Leeds. 

^eb,  «5.  At  Hull,  aged  74,Oeo.Rooth,  esq. 
Feb,  19.  At  the  house  of  her  brother.  Dr. 
Koi|;ht,  of  Sheffield,  Miss  Koifiht. 

March  10.  Aged  83,  Tho.  Wstsoo,  esq. 
of  Wauldby,  near  South  Cave. 

Aged  about  60,  J.S.  Beaoett,  esq.  of  Ap- 
plebv,  near  Brigg.  He  was  upon  the  church 
steeple  with  a  friend,  when  he  got  upon  one 
of  the  pinnacles,  which  giving  waj,  he  was 
urecipitated  to  the  ground,  and  uken  up 
lifeless. 

March  12.  At  Newland  Park,  Susan,  lady 
of  Sir  £.  Dodsworth,  lUrt.  Shi  was  the 
yoongeU  dau.  of  the  late  Henry  Dawkins,  of 
Sundlynch,  in  Wilu,  esq.  hy  LtAj  Jane 
Colyear,  aunt  to  the  present  Earl  of  Port- 
more  ;  and  was  married,  Sept.  99»  1 804,  to 
Sir  Edward  Smith,  who  in  1821  touk  the 
name  of  Dodsworth. 

March  IS.  At  her  brother's,  the  Hon.  E. 
R.  Petre,  present  high-sheriff,  aged  39,  the 
Him.  Cath.  Ann  Petre,  aunt  to  Lord  Petre. 
She  was  the  youngest  child  of  Robt.-Edward 
the  9th  Lord,  by  his  second  wife  Juliana- 
Barbara,  second  daughter  of  Heorr  Howard, 
of  Glossop,  esq.,  and  aister  to  the  present 
Duke  of  Norfolk. 

Wales. — At  Lansaintfraid,  Meriooethsb., 
aged  19,  Mr.  Wm.  Hughes,  Commoner  of 
Jesus  college,  Oxford. 

At  Glenyrafon,  Eliz.  wife  of  Rev.  G.  J. 
Bevao,  Vicar  of  Crickhowell. 

Scotland.— Jan.  4.  At  Edinburgh,  the 
dowager  Lady  Mensies,  mother  of  Sir  Neil 
Meozies  of  that  iik  ;  and  widow  of  Sir  Ro- 
bert the  fif^h  Bart,  who  died  in  I  k  13. 

Jan.  8.  At  Tors,  nesr  Kirkcudbright,  Mr. 
John  Mactaggart,  late  civil  engineer,  nn  the 
Rideao  ranal,  Canada,  and  author  of  '*  Three 
Years  in  Canada." 

Jan,  11.  At  Jedburgh,  aged  83,  Major 
John  Rutherford,  late  of  Mossbumford. 

Jan,  13.  At  Inches,  agrd  14,  HughRobt. 
Duff,  esq.  younger  of  Muirtown,  and  late 
of  the  grenadiers  <»f  the  <)th  regt. 

Jan.  19.  Aged  88,  Andrew  Wilson,  sen. 
esq.  an  eminent  letter- founder,  of  Glasgow. 

Feb,  11.  At  Aberdeen,  aged  58,  Mijor 
Alex.  Dunbar,  late  list  regt. 

Laiehf,  At  Edinburgh,  aged  100,  Mrs. 
Henrietu  Farquhaiaon. 

At  Stitchall  house,  co.  Roxburgh,  Ame- 
lia Anae,  wifii  of  Sir  John  Pringle,  Ban  — 
5h«  wMdaa.  of  Lt-Gen.  Norman  Macleod, 
aad  was  married  Jmm  1,  IS09. 

latLAVO.— Abo.  14.  At  Cork,  aged  38, 
Msior  John  Malcol«j^4ld  Highlanders. 

Feb.  13.  The  wife  of  CapC  Gill,  barrack- 
master  U  Ratbkcnle»  and  ton  of  the  late 
SlwnffGitt,orYork. 

Lmtrltf,  At  Athlooe,  of  soiall-poxj  afUr 


vaccination,  Sophia  Mary,  daa.  of  Lt.-Col. 
Thomas  Paterson,  R.  Art. 

In  Dublin,  Louisa,  only  dau.  of  late  W« 
Edgeworth,  esq.  and  granddaa.  of  Capi.T. 
Edgeworth. 

Aged  87,  the  widow  of  Wentworth  Far* 
sons,  esq.  of  Parsonstown,  Kite's  conoty. 

Aged  89,  Oliver  Anketell,  esq.  of  Treogk 
Lodge,  ro.  Moosghan. 

At  Clonmel,  Honor  Honlighaa,  better 
known  by  the  appellation  of  *<  Mammy  Ho« 
nor/*  a^ed  1 05  years.  She  reteined  her  &- 
cultirs  to  the  last. 

At  Castle  Irvine,  Eleanor  Jones,  at  the 
advanced  age  of  105. 

ADDITION  TO  OBITUARY. 

Sir  T.  Lawrence's  Will.— The  follow- 
ing is  an  abstract  copy  : 

**  July  98,  1818.^My  collection  of  ge- 
nuine drawings,  by  the  old  roasters,  which,  io 
numlier  and  value,  I  know  to  be  nneqnaUed 
in  Eurofie,  and  which  I  am  fully  justified  in 
estimating  as  a  collection  at  10,000/.  1  de- 
sire may  be  first  offered  to  his  most  gradove 
Majesty   King  George  IV.  at   the   sum   of 
18,000/.;  and  if  his  Majesty  shall  not  be 
pleased  to  purchase  the  same  at  that  priee, 
tlien  that  the  collection  be  offered  at  the 
same  price  to  tlie  Trustees  of  the  Britiih 
Museum;    and  afterwards,  successively,  to 
the  Richt  Hon.  Robert  Peel,  and  to  the 
Right  Hon.  the  Earl  of  Dudley ;  and  if  none 
of  such  offers  shall  be  accepted,  then  I  de- 
sire tliat  the  said  collection  may  be  forth- 
with advertised  in  the  principal  capitals  of 
Europe,  and  elsewhere  (  and  if  wiuiin  two 
years  a  purchaser  shall  not  be  found  at  the 
sum  of  10,000/.  then  I  desire  that  the  same 
nsay  be  sold  by  public  auction  or  private 
contract  in  London,  either  altc^ther  or  in 
separate  lots,  at  such  price  or  prices,  and  im 
such  manner,  as  my  executor  shall  think  best* 
**  And  I  desire  tliat  like  offers   may  be 
made  to  his  Majesty  (and  if  be  shall  not  be 
pleased  to  make  the  purchase,  then  to  the 
Trustees  of  the  British  Museum)   of  two 
volumes  of  drawings   bv  Fra.  Rartolomeo, 
from  the  collection  of  the  late  President  of 
the  Royal  Academy,  Benjamin  West,  Esq. 
at  the  sum  of  800/. ;  and  that  the  series  of 
original  cartoons   of  The  Last  Supper,  by 
Leonardi   da  Vinci,  at  the  sum  of  1000/.; 
and  my  picture  by  Rembrandt,  of  The  Hye 
qf  Potiphar  aeauing  Jo$eph,  at  the  sum  of 
1 ,500/.;  and  the  twosmall  pictares  by  Raflnele, 
from  the  Borghese  collection,  namely,  one  of 
the  Enlomtmeni,  and  one  of  the  group  called 
The  Chariiy,  at  the  sum  of  1,000/.  be  also 
offered  to  his  Majesty  ;  and  if  be  shall  de- 
cline the  same»  then  to  the  Directors  of  the 
National  Gallerr ;  awi  if  they  decline,  at  the 
same  prioas  to  the  Right  Hon.  Robert  Peel ; 
aad,  if  he  decline,  to  the  Earl  of  Dudley. 
And  if  a  purchaser  shall  not  be  feoad,  1 
leave  it  to  my  executor's  diecretkNi  to  adeft 
sneh  measures,  for  diapoaiag  of  the 
he  may  think  proper. 


286' 


Obituary.— BiZ2  of  Mortality. — Markets. 


[Afarcb^ 


**  My  collection  of  architecturtl  CMts, 
which  I  purchMcd  from  —  Saaoders,  Esq. 
for  tOOL  I  desire  may  be  offered  to  the 
President  and  Coaocil  of  the  Royal  Academy 
of  Arts,  at  the  price  of  fiSOZ. ;  and  if  they 
shall  decline  the  pnrchase,  then  that  the 
casts  be  sold  hi  tne  manner  directed  with 
respect  to  my  property  in  general 

<*  Having,  in  the  year  1895,  been  ho- 
noured bv  a  mission  from  his  most  gracions 
Majesty  Kinic  George  IV.  to  oaint  the  por- 
traits of  his  Most  Christian  Majesty  Charles 
the  Tenth,  and  of  his  Royal  Highness  the 
Dauphin  of  France,  I  had  the  honour  to 
receive  from  that  monarch,  as  a  mark  of  his 
distinguished  fiivour,  a  superb  tenrice  of 
Sevres  porcelain.  Tliis  splendid  token  of 
royal  courtesy,  I  bequeath  to  the  President 
and  Council  for  the  time  being  of  the  Royal 
Academy  of  Arts,  to  be  by  tnem  used  on 
the  birth-days  of  the  King»  and  at  the  an- 
nual dinner  on  the  opening  of  the  Exhibi- 
tion, and  on  other  public  occasions,  in  re- 
nembrance  of  the  honour  conferred  by  m 
foreign  Prince  on  the  President  of  the  Rc^l 
Academy  of  Great  Britain. 

**  And  as  to  all  other  works  of  art  in  my 
poaief  sion  at  the  time  of  my  decease,  whc 
ther  pictures,  drawings,  engravings,  bound 
or  unbound,  casts,  marbles,  bronzes,  mo^ 
dels,  or  of  whatsoever  other  kind,  and  also 
as  to  my  books,  plate,  linen,  china,  and 
furniture,  and  all  otner  my  estate  and  effects, 
I  bequeath  the  same  to  Archibald  Keightley 
the  younger,  of  No.  6,  Hare-court,  Temple, 
mj  executor,  to  sell  and  dispose  of  the  same, 
as  to  him  sluill  seem  meet ;  and  the  monies. 


■■ 


upon  trust  in  the  first  place,  to  pay  off  my 
just  debts,  funeral  expenses,  &c. ;  and  to 
divide  the  residue  into  three  equal  parts  i 
and  as  to  two  equal  third-parts  thereof,  to 
divide  the  same  equally  among  such  of  my 
nephews  and  nieces  following  :-^-that  is  to 
say,  my  niece  Lucv,  wife  of  John  Ast6B,  of 
Birmingham,  merchant,  and  the  children  of 
my  sitter  Anu,  the  wife  of  Richard  Rouse 
Blozam,  D,D.  of  Rugby,  as  shall  be  livhig 
at  the  time  of  my  decease  i  and  the  issue  of 
such  as  shall  have  died  in  my  lifetime  leaving 
issue  ;    and  as  to  the  remMuine  one  third- 

Eirt,  to  pay  the  same  to  my  nephew,  Henry 
loxam,  of  Ellesmere,  Salop,  gentleman, 
upon  trust,  to  imrast  the  same  in  real  or 
Government  security,  and  pay  the  annual 

J>roceeds  unto  my  said  sister  Ann  Blo!xam, 
or  and  during  the  term  of  her  oistural  life, 
for  her  sole  and  separate  nse ;  and  afiter  her 
decease,  to  the  penon  or  persona  entitled  to 
the  other  two  third^parts. 

"  I  authorize  my  executor  to  employ  tnch 
artuts  or  other  persons  as  he  may  think 
proper  in  arranging  m?  diffierent  works  of 
art  for  sale,  and  preparmg  any  catalogue  or 
catalogues  thereof,  or  otherwise,  in  any  wav 
ferfecilitatine  the  advantageous  sale  thereof, 
as  to  him  shall  seem  meet,  and  to  make 
such  remuneration  as  he  may  think  ntt^ 
sonable;  and  I  recommend  my  highly  In- 
telligent friend,  William  Young'Ottley,  Esq. 
as  a  person,  from  his  sound  knowledge  of 
art,  peculiarly  competent  to  the  task  m  ar- 
ranging my  varioot  works  of  art  for  sale,  if 
he  will  kindly  nndertakt  the  office." 


BILL  OF  MORTALIPY,  from  Feb.  Iff,  to  March  «8,  1880. 


Christened. 
Males      -    ]  ISO  ) 
Females  -    1196) 


3826 


i'uried. 
Males  -  1942 
Females-  1227 


Whereof  have  died  under  two  years  old 
Salt  55.  per  bushel ;  1 }(/.  per  pound. 


8  and  5  205 
5  and  10  98 
10  and  90  88 
80  and  80  160 
80  and  40  108 
40  and  50  198 


50  and  60  854 
60  and  70  867 
70  and  80  848 
SOand  90118 
90  and  100   10 


CORN  EXCHANGE,  March  28. 


Wheat. 
s.     d, 
76     0 


Barley. 

Oats. 

Rye. 

Beans. 

5.     d. 

f.     d. 

s,     d. 

«.     d. 

36     0 

29     0 

85     0 

44     0 

PeM. 
s.    d, 

88     0 


PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW,  Mareh  88. 
Smithfield,  Hay  2/.  16*.  to  SL  Ss,        Straw  2/.  8«.  to  9L  Us,       Clover  3/.  15*.  to  5^  5#. 

SMITHFIELD,  March  23.    To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  8lbe. 

0<f.     Lamb Os.  Od.  to  Of.  0^. 

8d.  Head  of  Cattle  at  Market .  March  88 : 

Od,  Beasts 2,758      Calvii  107 

8(1  Sheepand  Lambs  17,900      Plgt     810 

COAL  MARKET,  March  22,  27s.  Od.  to  36*.  8d. 

TALIX>W,  per  cwf.— Town  Tallow,  40s.  Od,    Yellow  Russia,  38*.  €d. 

SOAP^— Yellow,  74«.Mottkd,  80*.  Curd,  83*. CANDLES,  7*.  per  do2.  Mouli^tfiMi 


Beef 3s.  2d.  to  4s. 

Mutton 8f.  od.  to  4s. 

Veal 4s.  Od,  to  6s. 

Pork 89.  od,  to  4s. 


•issa]  I  «87    1 

PRICES  OP  SHAKES.  March 8?,  1S30, 
Attl»OEnt>rWpii'E.;^^i;£iti:^  ^  'OMaseAllcy.Corahnt. 


METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  ev  W.  CARY.  Sibahd, 

From  Fcbrmry  i6,  to  March  99,  lAaO.Iatil  inchiavr. 
FahrmbaH'iThtrrn.  Fibnd1:*:t'i  Tlieim. 


in.  ,*.. 

W«uker. 

as  40 

«,. 

.i™i7 

>  « 

u. 

b 

,sc 

u. 

,09 

*»d. 

80,  M 

:'.r" 

DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 

n  Ftbruary  i6,  toMoTck  rj,  1330,  bath  inclusive. 


GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 


hl«a->Ui-ni)tTr». 


l«mi*||iM4u 
L>«l»3..LckMt 
l.itl.«rld4J,«p 

l(unli«««e.lii 
K.V.In.KHilM 


UnHTMIri-DnKli 


APIUL,    1830. 


-J.te. 

B<ii>>ii(r>i 


[PL'BLISHEII  MAY  I,  1830.] 
tfrlginal  tfommuntcAtisntf.  ,    Rvhjr'i  TndJLiiiin  o  _ 

CoRMuraHDiNCi. r. OU   I  iiri(iuB'iCith«lnliofOi(urdaulP«(i^ru'3 

:ii.  XjTiiitTUM — Daminiiu'i  LnJ-          '  P^inud  Glu>  >(  St.  Nch'i,  CuniiraU           a 

CUD.— Viear'iGmklJioiiu «91    |    'Dw  CUrutiu  PhTiiulagiii ^ 

jOtorge  Pdc}'i  MwiuDWBt  »t  BcnrlCT 393    i     Eu»a  on  rolitickl  Evonomt .'  a, 

TwnMT  FtB'Jf.— Old  LsodoD  Br^ 3M    I  WuLuftan  Iniu'i  Uh  uf  Columtini..    ^ 

;A>iM<Un<>fl)r.  JoLuum „B9S    |     lift  ofSir  Sumford  HtBlti ^ 

lotrutiT*  CkriijBWB.—TlH  Wilth  L«ak...99fl   [    Cua«'>  Tn>r(b  In  lh«  Eut. g, 

*"'         ""  .        _       .        .  S«ir^'»  Hundrnl  of Ckflmnptaiii ...Si 

Bu.rei-i  Li&  uf  B»bi>fi  Ken », 


Kcnuiai  of  Piiui  uf  Uwa  Ibb,  SouLhnrk  S97 

OathtOrigiB  of  Proper  Nam*! BSS 

.DncrwtHaaf  PljaptDB,  co.  Uhud 300 

RfBBib  OB  PcMreburch,  eo.  HenCml. . .  .303 
Vtrimnacltal  Seda  dneiiticti 803 


MiivtlluMuiu  Kcricvi. •.....,  a- 

Fim  Akti " 

LiTtajkaV  iKTILLlOtNCI.-NH  PublicMHHUSI 

AMTIflUmia!!  RWKBCHU 3f 

SiLlCT  FOETBY .  .  .  ,8( 

Viitoiical  CbtonltU. 
PmeccdiBgi  id  piexDi  Stuiuo  orpadianent  3i 

Dumatic  Uccunuoe gj 

ipbrM*  'IB  £iebu»h,  Uhip.  I A Sl(    |     Proiau(iua>i  &e.3b*l. —  Muiiuei .,|( 

•ad  Writinci  (if  Chiitt'iptwr  Muiaiii..9l.1        UiiTUiBVt    aith   Memuin   of  Earl   M«- 

■__.,-..  __L  .._,._  ...  -..._r  I  .,__. .       l^,ro^h;  Lord  H.n7  Sc^munr;  AJiiinl 

Sir  Eliab  Hanay  ;  Viet-Ada.  Sir  C  V. 

PtDioMi  Act.  SltpIiaB  WnioB  I  Rat.  T 

I      B«.™i]d.i  Mn.KaBBicoU(BoU  ABdar- 


Cfaurch  of  St.  Eaiucha,  at  Puit. 
Sumj  ThBU((bU  no  Languag* .... 
-Tit*  Sad  afEitabaa  AbtMj  illiuti 

On  ihaGuUicJaiea 

PafBpbrM*  'IB  Ziebuiah,  Lhap.  IX. 

iixbsi;  j 

318    ' 

Mr.  SaraKBoa  (haHiatOTT  DrilDw.l*B>hir*330 

flrbitn  af  jUtU  publicatjgM. 

Raiac't  Hiiturj  of  North  Uurblin SI  I 

Su|ipl*Bi«Bito.StuBit'iAat>i)uititiu(Atlwiu3i3  ,.... . 

Lrliar*  of  Locke,  StHoe;,  Bad  Sliari«b<ir]r..3}6        Bill  of  Morulilr.— MtrkeU,  39a.- 

Papa't  SarmoBi.— Pitsiin  W  tba  Hcl>rtileiji8   |    MtMoruIoglcal  Ularj. — Pilc»  uf  S[oeki,.3s 

EnballitlMd  •itb  a  Vwo  iifthe  aBlkBtCrrpt  Uulf  ditolutad  in  SouTiiW:iaK, 

Aad  B  Plkia  of  Ain:itIfT  SttLt,  and  otbcr  Apliquitiii, 


By    SYLV.\NUS    URBAN.    Gest. 


[    290    ] 


MINOR    CORRESPONDENCE. 


4      ' 


A  Correspondent  obsenres,  jfchat  the 
man  who  had  bought  a  portion  of  the  Crjpt 
described  in  our  present  Number,  p.  S97» 
and  destined  for  demolition,  has  had  the 
zeal  to  cut  a  section  across  it>  and  dear  out 
two  of  the  principal  pillars  to  their  base ; 
thus  an  excellent  view  of  the  whole  style  of 
<he  building  is  afforded  to  the  architectural 
fntioaanr. 

Mr.  FosBROKE,  in  reply  to  J.  I.'s  remark, 
p.  197,  obsenres,  that  he  was  perfectly 
aware  of  fFiltiam  Earl  of  Huntingdon  hav- 
ing been  previously  called  to  Parliament  as 
Lord  frUliam  Clinton  {sic  in  Rot.  Pari.} 
to  distinguish  him  from  his  brother  John 
Lord  Clinton;  but  that  the  Earl  having 
been  buried  at  Maxtoke,  it  was  impossible 
that  he  could  be  the  fPilUam  Lord  Clinton 
interred  in  the  Priory  at  Sandwhih.  (See 
Hasted,  iv.  980,  ed.fbl.)  which  last  William 
was  the  Jirst  Lord  so  named  of  the  parent 
baronial  line  still  extant.  Mr.  F.  has  there- 
fore committed  no  mistake  whatever. — He 
thanks  J.  I.  for  his  gentlemanly  courtesy  in 
reference  to  the  matter.  Mr.  F.  thinks  that 
the  elucidation  of  the  confusion  between 
Keynold  de  Sandwich,  and  Reynold  de  Ciin- 
ton,  b  as  probable  as  it  is  ingenious,  be- 
cause in  a  labori6us  research  of  more  than 
three  hundred  records  and  manuscripts  in 
the  public  o£Bces,  British  Museum,  &c. 
Mr.  F.  could  find  no  mention  whatever  of  a 
Revnold  de  Clinton. 

H.  PioocoN  savs,  that  in  the  statement 
of  the  weights  of  several  Churcli  bells,  p. 
503,  pt.  i1.  tol  xcix.  there  is  an  error  in 
the  weight  of  the  tenor  of  St.  Chad's  at 
Shrewsbury,  which  iu  hct  weighs  upwards 
of  4$00lbs.  instead  of  S400lb8.  as  there 
mentioned ;  so  that  it  may  be  considered  to 
rank  as  the  sixth  heaviest  peal  in  the  king- 
dom, instead  of  the  thirteenth.  - 

J.  R.  P.  will  find  a  memoir  of  William 
Loe,  B.D.  in  Wood's  Athente  Oxonienses 
(by  Bliss),  vol.  in.  col.  1 83 ;  the  title  he 
has  sent  adds  another  to  the  list  of  Loe's 
publications,  viz.  **  The  Joy  of  Jerusalem  ; 
and  Woo  of  the  Worldlings.  A  Sermon 
preached  at  Paul's  Crosse,  the  1 8  of  Ivne, 
1609.  By  William  Loe>  Batcheler  of  Di- 
vinity."    12  mo. 

In  the  account  of  the  Almshouse  at 
Miteham,  p.  201,  we  omitted  to  refer  to 
the  memoir  of  the  father  of  the  Foundress, 
in  vol.  xcii.  i.  p>  567  i  and  also  to  the  re- 
presentation of  Uie  elecant  monument  erect- 
ed to  the  memory  of  her  uncle,  Dr.  Benja- 
min Tate,  in  the  Aute-Chapel  of  Magdalen 
College,  Oxford,  in  vol.  xciii.  i.  133. 


G.  H.  W.  doubts  whether  the  writer  of 
the  article  on  the  late  Mrs.  FitzGerald  (p. 
18t)  is  correct,  in  calling  Col.  Richard 
FitzGerald  «  Right  Hon."  In  the  Kingston 
pedigree,  &c.  he  is  called  Richard  FitzGe- 
rald, esq.  In  the  sam«  article  (page  1 83) 
the  Very  Rev.  Peter  Browne  is  erroneously 
stated  to  have  been  ,*' half-brother  to  the 
late  Marquess  of  Sligo."  That  nobleman 
had  but  one  brother,  the  Right  Hon.  Denis 
Browne.  If  Dean  Browne  had  been  broUier 
to  the  Marquess  (by  the  fiither's  side),  he 
would  have  been  "  the  Hon."  and  Very  Rev, 
The  fiunily  of  Cassan  sprung  from  France  : 
the  first  of  the  name  in  Ireland  was  a  French 
physician. 

P.  says,  '*  It  was  aboat  half  a  eentan  ago 
that  Dr.  Bagot,  Dean  of  Christ  Church,  in 
opposing  the  repeal  of  the  Test  Acts,  fai- 
voked  the  shades  of  old  Orwmer  and  Lati- 
mer in  a  most  pathetic  manner,  amidst  a 
full  convocation,  all  uniting  with  him  in 
sentiment,  and  sympathizing  with  him  in 
feeling.  In  speaking  of  those  venerable 
prelates,  he  quoted  several  lines  from  some 
recent  collection  of  poems,  of  which  I  re- 
collect only 

Cranflieri  dia  senectuv. 


-,  et  Latimeri  simplicis  smbra. 


The  object  of  my  thns  tronbling  yon,  is  to 
ask,  where  those  verses  are  to  be  found  ?" 

A  CoRRBSPOiiDiMT  inquires,  respecting  Ed. 
Steele,  who  made  Urge  topographical  col- 
lections in  Norfolk,  Surrey,  Budcs,  Herts, 
&c.  He  made  beautiful  pen  sketches  o£ 
monumental  figures  cire.  1718. 

Investigator  wishes  to  be  informed  whe- 
ther the  surrender  of  the  Priory  of  Armath- 
walte,  Cumberland,  is  extant.  It  it  not  in 
the  Augmentation  Office,  nor  in  the  Chap- 
ter House  of  Westminster.  He  also  will 
be  glad  to  know  if  there  is  any  other  copy 
of  Cromwell's  Ecclesiastical  Survey  than 
the  one  in  the  library  of  Lambeth  Palaoaw 

**  Heniy  Brightman,  esq.  of  Brameote, 
CO.  Nottingham,  afterwards  of  St.  Hellen's, 
Derby,  buned  in  All  Saints'  chancel,  Derby, 
June  6,  1701,  married  Margaret  LdtUejohn, 
granddaughter  of  David  Lord  Stormond,  of 
Soo(m,  buried  in  All  Saints'  chancel,  Derby, 
Jan.  94,  1696-7."  David  the  fourth  Vis- 
count Stormont  (who  is  probably  here  in* 
tended),  according  to  Douglas's  Peerege  by 
Wood,  had  only  two  daughters,  Catherine, 
married  to  William  second  Earl  of  Kintore, 
and  Amelia,  who  died  unmarried. — X.  in- 

auires  for  the  intermediate  descent  between 
tie  Viscount  and  Mrs.  Brightman. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S     MAGAZINE 


Urn 


APRIL,    1830. 


ORIOXNAIi    COMMUNICATZON8. 


CLASSICAL  LITERATURE. 

Thb  Classicai,  Journal  hat  been  recently  terminated,  after  an  honourable 
conne  of  about  twenty  yean.  Long  before  the  establishment  of  that  Miscellany^ 
the  GaNTi.sMAN's  Maoazinb  eiyoyed  the  honour  of  enrolling  amongst  its  Cor* 
respondents  that  giant  in  classical  titeratnre,  the  celebrated  Posson^  who  ia 
1788  and  I789»  availed  himself  of  this  channel  for  the  communication  to  tha 
learned  world  of  his  Letters  to  Archdeacon  Travis  *  on  the  famous  texti  1  John 
V.  7.— -Among  a  host  of  other  classical  an4  learned  Correspondents,  the  names  of 
the  Rev.  Samuel  Badcock,  Rev.  W.  Beloe,  Bp.  Bennet,  Archdeacon  Blackbume^ 
I>r.  Bumey,  Or.  Disney,  Mr.  Gongh,  Bp.  Horsley,  Dr.  Loveday,  Mr.  Marklaad, 
Archdeacon  Nares,  Dr.  Parr,  Dr.  P^e,  Sir  W.  Jones,  Rev.  Stephen  Weston, 
and  Mr.  Wodhull,  stand  conspicuous.  Since  the  establishment  of  the  Clas- 
sical Journal,  however,  the  Gentleman's  Magazine,  though  never  wholly  cx- 
clu^ng  such  communications,  had  lost  much  of  its  ancient  oonnexioa  with 
the  learning  of  Greece -and  Rome:  but,  the  Classical  Journal  having  now 
ceased,  the  want  of  an  arena  in  which  classical  contests  may  be  regularly 
carried  on,  has  induced  the  Editor  of  the  Gentleman's  Magazine  to  point 
out  his  pages  as  a  proper  channel  through  which  Scholara  may  comnmas* 
cate  with  each  otiier ;  and  he  doubts  not,  that  the  credit  whidi  the  Maga* 
line  formerly  enjoyed  amongst  Classical  Scholars  mi^t  easily  be  revivedi^ 
could  but  this  Wori[  ei^oy  the  auspicious  countenance  of  the  learned  of  the 
present  day.— The  Editor  has  been  encouraged  thus  to  address  his  learned 
friends,  by  way  of  introduction  to  the  communication  of  an  old  and  vahiahle 
Correspondent,  in  the  hope  that  others  will  follow  his  good  example. 

*  Sm  mir  vohuDM  for  17SS,  17S9>  tod  1790}  and  p«rticiikrlv  1789>  pp*  101,  690. 
t  For  a  U*(  ol  Mrly  CoBtribatof*,  Me  Pre&M  to  vol.  in.  of  Chmtrsl  Indety  p.  Ixsiv. 


CLASSICAL  MEMORANDA. 

No.  L 

Dammids^s  Lexicon.  —  Vig£r*s 

Gebbk  Idioms. 


I. 


THE  Lexicon  Homerico-Pinds- 
ricam  of  Dammins  (Berlin, 
1766)  it  roost  jnslly  called  by  Heyne  in 
hit  Preface  to  Pindar  (1773)  opui  Btr- 
culei  laboritt  which  abondantlT  proves 
that  the  seneral  merits  of  the  Lexicon 
were  well  known  to  that  elegant  and 
liberal-minded  scholar. 
Ill  vain,  however,  have  I  looked  and 


inquired  for  any  thing  like  a  saiisfac* 
tor]^  account  of  the  critical  reception 
which  the  Lexicon  has  met  with  from 
the  continental  literati  of  that  day  or 
since  that  period.  There  sre  two  to* 
lurocs  now  before  me  (Utreeht  and 
Leiden,  1805  and  1608,)  containing 
Valckeoser's  ObsertMUionet  ad  Ort- 
gines  Gracoi  with  Lennep  and  Sebeid 
de  AmUogiA  lanpia  Graea^  and  Len* 
nep's  Eivmoiogicum  Lingtia  Grac9, 
edited  by  dcheid.  These  works,  thoash 
connected  by  strong  similitude  (ror 
good  or  for  bad)  of  etymological  prin- 


292 


Damniius's  Lexicon. —  Viger*s  Greek  Idioms, 


[April, 


ciplcs,  1  have  yet  consulietJ  wiihout 
(liscovering  in  ihcm  any  mention  of 
Dammius  and  his  Lexicon.  And  in 
Hoogeveen's  Doctrina  Particularum 
Lingu(p  Gneca  (1769)  >he  Index  Auc- 
torum  aiiiongsl  its  luunerous  names 
exhibits  not  that. 

To  conie  to  oiu  own  Grecian?,  Mr. 
Ki«ld  in  his  recent  editions  of  the  Mis- 
cellanea Critica  of  Dawes,  appears  to 
have  had  no  occasicm  perhaps  for 
mentioning  the  Lexicon  or  the  com- 
piler of  it.  But,  wh^t  is  more  wonder- 
ful, the  Lexicon  stands  in  the  C;iia- 
lo<i;ue  of  Dr.  Parr's  Library  (p.  236), 
wiihout  a  s\  liable  of  note  orcommeni; 
while  Lenncp's  Kssay  in  Analogiain 
Grcrae  Lingua  (surreptiliou^ly  printed, 
Utrecht,  1771,)  is  recordetf  (p.  24y) 
as  "one  of  the  most  learned  and  inge- 
nious books''  he  ever  re^d. 

Now,  amongst  Greek  critics,  at  home 
and  abroid,  what  can  have  been  tlie 
cause  of  all  this  apparent  silence,  in- 
decision, or  neglect?  The  value  of 
the  work,  as  furnishing  the  Homeric 
student  with  all  the  usages  of  any 
given  word  classed  in  juxia- position 
before  him,  no  reader  of  Homer  with 
that  Lexicon  in  hand  can  be  so  un- 
grateful or  ignorant  as  to  deny  or  dis* 
parage.  But  it  is  the  singular  system 
of  etymology,  perchance,  forming  the 
Ikisis  of  that  Lexicon,  which,  by  the 
judicious  and  discreet  votaries  of  Greek 
learning,  has  been  and  is  generally  ex- 
ploded. This  indeed  I  can  very  well 
believe.  Has  no  protest,  then,  been 
enlercfl  ?  no  examination  instituted  ? 
no  severity  of  criticism  exercised  ?  Has 
any  adversar)*  attacked  K\hfamiHas  eiy- 
moiogicas  f  and  on  what  ground  of 
argument  ?  Has  any  partis;m  advanced 
to  their  defence  ?  and  with  what  suc- 
cess in  the  cause  ?  These  are  the  points 
on  which  I  am  anxious  to  get  informa- 
tion ;  and  I  am  content  to  sue  for  it  in 
Jormd  pauperis. 

2.  No  book  for  the  itistruciion  of 
young  students  has  been  so  often  re- 
printed, with  various  additions,  cor- 
rections, and  improvements,  as  the 
Greek  Idioms  of  Viger. 

1  am  happy  to  announce,  that  Pro- 
fessor Herman,  who  in  1802  chastised 
and  illumine<)  that  work  with  his  own 
invalu3ble.:f(/nA/a/ionrA\  has  lately  made 
known  to  a  correspondent  in  this  coun- 
try his  intention  to  render  us  a  ser- 
vii^  yet  more  complete,  systematic, 
.ind   satisfactory.     **  Librum  Vigrri," 


he  says,  **  plane  novum  factum,  con- 
tracturoque in  breve io\\nx\en,'nosirisfue 
accommodalum  lemporihusy  edere  in 
aniuio  est.'*  The  letter  was  dated  on 
the  30ih  of  May  last. 

Whoever  wishes  justly  to  estimate 
the  nnture  and  in)[)ortance  of  what  we 
are  now  taught  to  expect,  if  he  has  not 
opened  those  adnoialiones,  or  has  not 
K-isure  to  |)ernse  them,  may  at  least 
read  the  Professor's  Preface  to  that 
edition  of  1S02  (Oxford,  1813).  At 
any  rate,  let  him  read  the  following 
extract  from  it. 

'*  Permiserat  Fritschius  hanc  editionem 
plane  men  arhitrio,  sive  hie  tilic  aliqui(| 
emendare  vel  aJdcre,  sive  omnem  libri  cod- 
furmatiunera  mutare  vellem.  Atque  erunt 
fortasse,  qui  me  reprehendant,  quod  Mlc 
copia  justo  parcius  usus  esse  videar.  Hi 
sciant,  me  neque  rationem  quam  Vigeriis 
iniit  prohare,  et  roagDopere  nptare,  ut  al!'* 
qu:s  >x  lis,  qui  huic  n^:otio  pares  stiiity 
meliorem  ia  hoc  genere  librum  scribftt. 
Equidem  id  £acere  nee  potui,  nee  volui* 
Satis  habui,  quse  errasse  Vigerum  vel  ejuS 
interpretes  animadverterem,  adnotare  atque 
eroeodare ;  turn  hie  illic,  quae  ab  hb  praeter- 
missa  eraot,  addere." 


I3M^/irt/,  1830. 


R.  S.  Y. 


Mr.  Urban,  jlpril  b. 

ON  a  reference  to  the  Rev.  G. 
Oliver's  "  History  and  Antiqui- 
ties of  Beverley,"  of  which  you  fa- 
voured your  readers  with  a  review  in 
the  month  of  June  last,*  I  find  a  very 
lucid  and  satisfactory  account  of  the 
arms  on  George  Percy's  monument,  in 
Beverley  Minster,  which  are  so  imper- 
fectly described  in  your  last  Number^ 
page  212,  as  to  have  elicited  an  edi- 
torial remark  on  their  probable  in- 
correctness ;  and  I  subjoin  the  extract, 
under  the  impression  that  it  will  be 
acceptable  to  your  antiquarian  friends. 

'*  The  arms  on   this  monument,"   says 
Mr.  Oliver  (p.  888),  '<  are  as  follow  : 
**  Under  the  left  ear  of  the  Bgure  : 

1 .  A  bend  inter  two  roses. 

9.  Three  lions  passant  gardant. 
«*  On  the  wrist : 

3.  A  chevron  with  a  bird  in  base. 

4.  A  bend.  Anciently  Peter  da  Mak> 
Lacu  or  Mauley,  bore,  or,  a  bend  sable.  He 
was  summoned  to  Parliament,  temp,  £dw.  HL 
In  Drake's  *  Eboracura '  this  coat  it  on  a 
son  of  Poynings,  A.D.  1461,  quartered  with 

♦  We  much  regret  that,  on  receiving  the 
second  **  History  of  Beverley,"  the  former 
volume,  on  tlie  same  subject,  had  escaped 
our  recollection. — £orr. 


1830.] 


George  Percy^M  Monument  ni  Becerleif. 


i9S 


Fitt-Payn^,  tnd  imfwlcd  with  Brab«nt  wctd 
L«cy. 

*'  Down  Um  mUldle  of  tli«  robe  : 

5.  Three  legs  armed  proper,  coDJoioed 
in  feM  At  the  a|>per  pert  of  tlie  thigh  ;  flexed 
in  triangle,  garoiihed  and  spurred.  On  the 
accession  of  Henry  IV.  Henry  Percy  had  a 
grant  of  the  Isle  of  Man,  to  holdbv  carrying 
the  Lancaster  sword,  worn  by  the  King  when 
he  landed  at  RsTensbume,  before  him  at  the 
coronation.     Rot.  Pat.  1  Hen.  IV.  ro.  35. 

6.  A  maunch.  TopaZy  a  mauneh  rvhft 
belonged  to  the  fiimily  of  Hastings,  and  is 
qtiartered  by  the  Right  Honourable  the  Earl 
of  Kent.  *  Katherine  Percy,  second  daugh- 
ter of  Henry,  seamd  Earl  of  Northumber- 
land, was  bom  at  Leconfield,  May  18,  I4S3. 
She  married  Edmund,  I^rd  Grey  of  Ruthin* 
who  was  advanced  to  the  dignity  of  Earl  of 
Kent,  in  the  fourth  tear  of  Edward  IV.' 
Collios's  *  Peerage,'  vol  ii.  p.  28i. 

7.  A  bend  engrailed  cottised,  with  a 
cre»cent,  or  something  too  much  defaced  to 
be  distinguished  with  any  ceruinty. 

S.  Cheqn^.  Warrin.  Henry  de  Percy 
married  Eleanor  Plantagenet,  daughter  of 
John,  Earl  of  Warren  and  Surrey,  eirca  1 950. 
He  died  in  1979>  leaving  three  tons.  Et 
Reg.  de  Lewes. 

9.  Three  Itoos  passant  gardaot.  Orer 
all  a  Ubel  of  three  points.  The  Lady  Mtry 
Plaatageoett  daughter  of  the  Earl  of  Lao- 
caster,  married  Henry,  third  Lord  Percy  of 
Alnwick,  at  her  father's  castle  of  Tutbnry  in 
Suffordshire,  A.D.1334,  when  she  waa  only 
fourteen  years  of  age.  She  died  1st  Sept. 
1362,  leaving  issue  tro  sons,  one  of  whom 
was  Henrv,  nrst  Earl  of  Northamberland. 

*<  On  the  bottom  of  the  robe  : 

10.  A  lion  rampant.  Brabakt.  Agnet 
de  Percy,  in  whose  person  were  vested  the 
honours  of  the  family,  was  married  to  Joece- 
Kne  de  Louvaine,  brother  of  Qneeo  Adelicia, 
secoo«l  wife  of  Kinc  Hennr  I.  who  were  both 
the  issue  of  Godfrey  Barbatos,  Duke  of 
Nether  Lorraine,  and  Count  of  Brabant 
and  Loovain,  descended  lineally  from  the 
ancient  Dukes  or  ConnU  of  Haioanit,  and 
from  the  second  race  of  Kings  of  France, 
sprung  from  the  Emperor  Charlemagne. 
All  the  ancient  writers  nave  delivered,  that 
the  Lady  Agnes,  being  heiress  to  so  great 
an  estate,  would  only  consent  to  marry  Jot- 
celine  upon  condition  that  he  should  either 
adopt  the  name  or  armi  of  Percy ;  and  that 
he,  consulting  with  the  Queen  his  sister, 
chose  to  assume  the  name  of  Percy,  which 
was  ever  after  boroe  by  hb  deseeodantt :  but 
retained  his  own  paternal  arms,  or^  a  lion 
rampant  axure ;  whieh  are  generally  styled, 
by  oor  English  heralds^  *  the  old  arms  of 
Brabant,  whieh,  they  aay,  were  afterwards 
exchanged  fur  thoee  now  borne  for  that 
duchy,  viz.  aahUf  a  lioa  rampant  or.    The 

S>digree  of  Louvain  and  Percy  is  Inserted  in 
liver's  «  History  of  Beverler,'  at  p.  480. 

11.  .\  fess  mter  8  boan  beads  cooped. 


<*  Between  the  legs  : 

1 1.  A  oheeron  between  three  eteallope. 
I  And  m  GniUim*e  «  Heraldry'  this  eo^ 
gnkh  a  chevron  argent  inter  three  escallopt^ 
hnpaled  for  D'Acres. 

13.  Fretty,  the  field  charged  with  flenr* 
de-Its,  impaled  with  three  lions  passant 
gardant.  In  chief  three  fleur-de-lw.  The 
first  is  found  in  the  fifth  plate  of  the  arms  ol 
the  Right  Honourable  Thomas  Lennard,  Earl 
of  Sussex,  and  Lord  D'Acres  of  Gilesland. 
Guillim's  <  Heraldry,'  fol.S9,  coat  60>  *  At- 
chieveroents  of  Earls.' 

*<  On  the  other  side : 

1 4.  Barrir  of  three ;  chief  charged  with 
three  roundels.  The  arms  of  Lord  Wake» 
which  are  also  on  stone,  in  the  nave  o£ 
York  Cathedral.  Lord  John  Wake  wae 
summoned  at  the  meeting  of  the  Northern 
Barons,  with  Lord  Henry  Percy,  l«98t 
Edw.  I.  At  the  confirmation  of  the  <  Magna 
Charu,'  and  the  <  Charu  de  ForesU,'  be 
had  his  castle  at  Cottingham.  His  successor 
Is  said  to  have  destroyed  this  castle,  to  pre- 
vent the  visit  of  Henry  VIII.  as  is  recorded 
in  this  <  History  of  Beverley,'  p.  464.  Arme 
of  Wake :  Or^  two  hart  pdn  \  in  chiel 
thrte  torteanzes.  On  a  figure  in  Drake's 
*  Ebor.'  p.  806,  Margaretta  rerey  baa  Percy 
and  Lucy  quarterly,  impaled  with  the  above* 

15.  De&oed. 

1 6.  A  cronal  in  bend  with  three  moame* 
The  robe  fStlls  over  and  ooven  half  thie 
coat. 

17.  Defaced. 

1 8.  A  fess  between  three  inverted  ebev- 


rons. 


Yours,  &c. 


%*  The  living  of  Roihbory  (p.  912) 
is  not  in  the  patronage  of  the  Arch- 
bishop of  York,  but,  as  well  as  Cold- 
beck,  in  that  of  the  Bishop  of 
Carlisle;  and  George  Percy  would 
consequently  be  presented  to  both  be- 
nefices by  his  brother.  The  mistake 
arose  from  Roth  bury  having  been  fre- 
quently chosen  by  the  Archbishops  of 
York,  8t  their  opuon,  on  the  consecra- 
tion of  the  Bishops  of  Carlisle. 

M  r .  U  R  B  A  IT ,  April  20. 

THE  writer  of  the  biographical 
article  respecting  Mr.Tieniey,  in 
yuur  last,  p.  208,  does  not  appear  to 
have  availed  himself  of  some  informa- 
tion, touching  that  gentleman's  family, 
contained  in  your  Magaxioe  a  few 
years  ago,  in  a  letter  in  answer  to  an 
mquirj  concerning  Mr.L.  Mac  Lean. 
It  IS,  1  thiuk,  there  suted,  as  the  fact 
is,  that  Mr.  Tiemey's  uncle  (James), 
and  not  his  father  (Thomas),  was  of 
the  firm  of  Tiemey,  I/illy,  and  Robarts, 
formerly  of  Barge-yard,  Buckkrsbory, 


391 


Tierney  Pamibfj^-Old  Londom  Bridge, 


[A|riii 


and  tubtequentlj  of  Lawrence  Poant- 
ocy-lane.  hir.  Robartt,  aflerwardt  of 
the  bankinc  house  of  Roharts,  Cortis, 
and  Co.  and  now  tome  yean  deoeaicd, 
Tnarried  the  sister  of  the  late  Mr.  George 
Tterney,  about  the  year  1774,  who,  I 
believe,  is  still  living ;  and  a  daughter 
of  this  marriage  became  the  wife  of  Mr. 
Thellosson,  with  whom  Mr.  Tierney 
contested  the  representation  for  Souih- 
wark  ;  consequently  Mrs.  Thellusson 
was  Mr. Tierney *8  niece.  Mr. Tierney 's 
father,  who  was  a  native  of  Limerick, 
had  been  a  merchant  in  London  before 
he  went  to  Gibraltar,  where,  as  your 
account  states,  the  late  Privy  Coun- 
cillor was  born. 

It  is  said  that  the  father  was  a  prize- 
agent  there,  it  being  then  war  time. 
He  thence,  on  or  soon  after  the  peace 
of  1763,  removed  to  France,  and  lived 
at  Paris  in  afRucnce  for  many  years. 
While  resident  there  he  had  a  lawsuit 
with  the  Earl  of  Shelburne,  originating 
in  money  transactions  between  his 
Lordship  and  Mr.  Mac  Lean,  in  which 
Messrs.  Poachaud,  the  Parisian  bankers, 
were  also  concerned.  The  lesult  was, 
that  the  Earl  was  compelled  to  pay  a 
large  sum.  It  is  believed  that  Mr. 
Thomas  Tierney  continued  to  reside  in 
Paris  until  his  death,  which  happened 
above  forty  years  ago,  never  having 
returned  to  live  in  Eneland.  For  this 
a  reason  has  been  assigned,  as  arising 
out  of  the  situation  he  held  at  Gibraltar; 
but  what  the  true  cause  was,  the  writer 
of  this  cannot  take  upon  him  to  say. 
Mr.  Tierney  generally  resided  in  or 
near  London.  It  is  understood  that 
Mr.  Thomas  Tierney  left  no  property 
in  this  country  upon  which  any  legal 
claims  on  him  could  attach. 

Another  uncle  of  the  late  member, 
VIZ.  George  Tierney,  was  for  many 
years  an  eminent  merchant  and  banker 
at  Naples,  where  he  died  above  thirty 
years  since;  and  the  present  writer 
remembers  an  action  being  tried  before 
Lord  Kenyon,  which  was  brought  by 
the  executor  ofthat  Mr.  Tierney  against 
the  notorious  John,  commonly  called 
JewKing,  for  monev  lent  by  Mr.Tierney 
to  King  and  Lady  Lanesbrough,  when 
they  were  in  Italy,  in  the  utmost  dis- 
tress,  which  they  dishonourably  refused 
to  pay.  If  I  mistake  not,  another 
memlier  of  this  enterprising  and  ta- 
lented family  settled  in  Spain,  with 
which  country  the  house  of  Tierney, 
Lilly,  and  Co.  had  a  great  commercial 
intercourse.     Mr.  James  Tierney  left 


three  d^ightert,  one  of  whoB,  I  be^ 
liere,  married  into  the  Elton  family  | 
another  into  that  of  CasBnajor ;  and 
the  third  to  Mr. . 

Av  OCCASIONAL  CoRRBSPOVimT. 


Old  Loiidov  Bkidob. 

THE  following  obserrationt  on  the 
mode  of  construction  of  the  pre- 
sent old  London  Bridge,  as  diicotered 
in  the  jeara  1826  and  1827.  are  ex<» 
tracted  trom  the  first  part  oif  the  23d 
volume  of  *'  The  Arcnaologia,''  jiMt 
poblished  by  the  Society  of  Antiqua- 
ries. They  were  commanieated  by 
William  luiight,  ciq. 

**  During  the  execution  of  the  works 
of  the  new  London  Bridge,  it  became 
necessary  to  relieve  the  %rater-way  of 
the  river  by  the  removal  of  two  of  the 
starlings  and  piers  of  the  old  strnctore, 
in  consequence  of  the  obstruction  to 
the  current  by  the  erection  of  the 
cofferdams  for  the  new  works ;  in  ef- 
fecting this  object,  a  practical  oppor^ 
tunity  presented  itself  of  ascertaining 
the  mode  in  which  the  piers  of  the 
original  old  Bridge  were  built.  This 
subject  having  created  much  profes* 
sional  speculation,  led  me  to  preserve 
documents  at  the  different  stages  of 
the  work,  that  would  enable  roe  to 
form  a  judgment  as  to  the  manner  in 
which  our  predecessors  originally  ex* 
ecuted  works  of  this  nature,  and  I  beg 
leave  to  have  the  honour  of  laving  the 
result  of  my  observations  before  ibe 
Society  of  Antiquaries. 

"In  June  1826,  the  removal  of  the 
fifth  south  pier,  starling,  and  two  of 
the  arches  commenced.  This  was  eft' 
fected  by  first  inclosing  one  half  the 
roadwa;^  of  the  old  Brioge  during  the 
night,  m  order  that  the  pub^c  tho- 
roughfare might  be  impeded  as  little 
as  possible.  Upon  removing  the  upper 
part  of  the  work,  such  as  the  bailus- 
trades,  spandril  walls,  &c.  for  about 
fourteen  feet  inwards  from  the  west 
(which  proved  to  be  additions  made  in 
the  year  1756),  the  original  old.  work 
was  discovered  to  be  as  near  the  centre 
of  the  present  Bridge  as  possible,  and 
measured  twenty  feet,  which  at  the 
period  it  was  built,  in  II76,  according 
to  Stew's  authority,  was  its  original 
width. 

"  The  arches  on  each  side  of  the  pier 
were  of  the  Pointed  kind,  commonly 
termed  Gothic,  and  consisted  of  two 
rings  of  stones  of  small  dimensions. 


lasoo 


Old  London  BridgM.'^Dr.  Samuel  Johmton. 


995 


the  external  loflfU  being  fire-ttone,  very 
•imiUr  to  the  Mentham-tlooe  io  Siir* 
rev.  The  upper  ring  wae  of  a  harder 
•UDfttance»  and  fesembled  the  Caen 
Norman-tione. 

'*  Upon  opening  the  interior  of  the 
pier,  the  external  walls,  eapoted  to  the 
water,  contiated  of  a  eating  of  ashlar 
Biatonry,  chiefly  of  Keoiish  rag-stone, 
in  courses  of  about  three  feet  four 
inches  long,  and  three  feet  one  inch 
deep,  and  nine  inches  to  one  foot  in 
the  bed.  These  were  cramped  together 
wiih  iron  cranps,  and  run  with  lead, 
and  the  joints  and  beds  of  this  masonry 
were  cemented  with  a  composition  of 
pilch  and  rosin. 

**  The  inside  of  the  pier  was  filled 
with  a  qoantity  of  loose  stones,  chiefly 
Kentbh  rag  and  flint,  below  the  level 
of  high  water,  but  above  it  were  lar^e 
chalk-itones  and  fire- stone,  filled  in 
with  lime,  evidently  used  in  a  liquid 
slate,  and  so  compact  %vas  this  mass  of 
material,  that  it  was  with  much  diffi- 
ealty  separated. 

**  The  original  foundation  of  the  old 
Bridge  appears  to  have  been  laid  at  low 
irater,  as  the  heads  of  the  small  piles 
were  a  little  above  that  level;  they 
were  chiefly  of  elm,  and  driven  in  three 
rows  all  round  the  sides  and  ends  of 
the  piers,  about  six  or  seven  feet  deep, 
and  ten  inches  square  upon  an  average ; 
between  these  piles,  a  quantity  of  loose 
rubble  stones  were  laid  without  ce- 
ment, and  upon  this  were  bedded  three 
strong  oak  sleepers,  about  twenty-one 
inches  wide,  and  nine  inches  thick. 
This  timber  was  perfectly  sound,  after 
tba  lapse  of  now  above  six  centuries 
and  a  half,  and  proves  a  stronf^  prac- 
tical instance  of  the  preservation  of 
wood  under  water,  when  imexpoied 
to  the  action  of  the  air. 

'*  On  removing  some  of  the  external 
piles  round  the  outside  of  the  pier, 
which  formed  the  protection  to  the 
masonry  called  the  surling,  several 
others  of  oak  were  discovered,  doiely 
driven  together,  and  the  spaces  filled 
in  with  rubble  stone,  and  which  were 
doubtless  the  original  protectors  to  the 
pier,  as  the  external  timben  are  evi* 
dcntW  of  modem  date,  muhiplied  by 
additions  to  the  starling  by  repairs. 

"  The  manner  in  which  the  founda* 
tions  of  this  structure  were  laid  has 
created  much  speculation  in  the  sci* 
entific  world,  and  among  the  many 
ideas,  that  of  lu/ning  the  coarse  of  the 


river  has  been  fuggested,  and  thereby 
working  upon  dry  groood.  Had  thtt 
plan  been  adopted,  the  work  would 
nol  have  occupied  one  third  of  the 
time  in  building,  stated  by  Slow  as 
tbirty-three  years,  and  coold  have  bee« 
eonstructed  in  a  more  durable  and 
sightly  form;  indeed,  the  reverse  of 
this  plan  accounts,  in  some  degree,  for 
iu  present  barbarous  appearance  and 
bad  construction,  as  tne  workmen 
must  have  had  great  difficulties  to 
encounter  with  a  tide  acting  upon 
them  twice  a  day.  The  more  probable 
mode  adopted  in  founding  these  piers^ 
appears  to  have  been  fint  lo  have 
formed  an  inclosure  by  driving  piles 
round  the  outside  line  of  the  width  of 
the  pier,  into  which  a  quantity  of  loose 
rubble  stones  with  chalk  and  gravel 
were  thrown;  upon  this  they  com* 
menced  their  foundation  cills,  of  oak, 
and  ashlar  masonry,  at  such  periods  as 
the  tide  would  admit;  and«in  order  to 
prevent  the  rubble  from  shifting  by 
the  <>peration  of  the  tide,  and  runnii^ 
out  from  under  the  pier,  the  starlings 
were  formed  i  indeed,  the  starlings  of 
the  present  London  Bridge  appear  to 
be  nothing  more  than  what  onr  cofiBr- 
dams  now  are,  which  the  architects  of 
thoie  days  did  not  understand  the  art 
of  clearing  of  the  water,  and  removing 
after  they  had  performed  their  office." 

Mr.UxBAV,  ApfUa. 

AS  anecdotes  of  celebrated  charao« 
ters  are  always  held  to  make 
agreeable  additions  to  our  stock  of  bio* 
graphical  history,  I  shall  make  no 
apology  for  sending  you  tuHf  respecting 
Dr.  Johnson,  which  1  had  aboitt 
twenty-five  years  ago  from  the  late 
Bishop  of  LlandafF,  Dr.  Watson. 

It  may  not  be  improper  to  premise, 
that  Dr.  Wation  was  chosen  Professor 
of  Chemistry  at  Cambridge  in  1764 ; 
and  it  appears  from  a  letter  in  the 
Oentleman*s  Magazine  for  March  17d5, 
which  was  written  from  Cambridge  in 
March  1765  (by  Dr.  John  Sharp),  that 
it  was  at  that  period,  the  visit  to  which 
I  am  about  to  allude  was  made. 

In  the  course  of  a  convenation.  Dr. 
Johnson  having  been  named,  the  Bi* 
shop  observed  that  he  had  never  been 
in  his  company  but  once,  when  he 
paid  a  vbit  lo  Cambridge.  That  hav- 
ing been  introduced  to  him  in  the  la- 
boratory, after  some  general  discourse, 
Dr.  Watson  inquired  whether  it  would 


296 


Intrusive  Clergy  men. '^The  Wchh  Leek. 


[April 


be  most  agreeable  to  enter  upon  some 
general  subjects  connected  with  che* 
inistry,  or  to  see  the  result  of  experU 
ments;  and  upon  Dr.  Johnson  prefer-* 
ring  the  latter,  he  was  asked  ii  there 
was  any  one  in  particular  that  he 
vrould  wish  to  have  performed  ;  %vhen 
Dr.  Johnson  replied,  **  I  have  been 
told  that  there  are  two  cold  fluids 
which,  when  mixed,  will  take  6re ;  I 
do  not  credit  it."  **  But,"  replied  Dr. 
Watson,  **I  will  soon  give  you  ocular 
demonstration  of  the  possibility  of  the 
fact."  Upon  which  he  called  to  his 
experimental  assistant  (Mr.  Hofiuian) 
to  procure  two  crucibles,  and  fix  them 
to  the  ends  of  two  pretty  long  rods,  and 
having  put  into  one  of  them  rectified 
spirit  of  turpentine,  and  into  the  other 
concentrated  vitriolic  acid,  with  due 
proportion  of  the  nitric,  they  were 
neld  out  of  the  window  of  the  labora* 
tory,  and  then  mixed ;  when  the  flame 
which  immediately  ensued  was  such, 
as  to  induce  Dr.  Johnson  to  be  thank- 
ful that  the  explosion  was  on  the  out- 
side of  the  window. 

In  the  evening,  a  party  consisting  of 
the  heads  of  colleges,  &c.  met  to  en- 
joy his  company,  and  entertain  him 
(in,  I  believe,  the  library  of  Trinity 
College);  when  he  left  the  table  in 
quest  of  a  book,  which  he  took  up, 
and  appeared  to  be  deeply  engaged 
with.  In  the  mean  time,  the  con- 
versation turned  upon  assigning  the 
reason  that  country  gentlemen  were  so 
fond  of  field  diversions,  which  having 
reached  Dr.  Johnson*s  ears,  he  closed 
his  book,  and  called  out,  "  I  will  tell 
you  the  reason  ;  it  is  because  they  feel 
the  vacuity  of  their  minds  less  when 
they  are  in  motion  than  at  rest." 

Yours,  &c.  Senex.    . 

Mr.  Urban,  April  6. 

SOME  person  has,  1  see,  replied  to 
my  communication  concerning 
"  Intrusive  Clergymen,*'  by  a  most 
extraordinary  Jesuitism,  viz.  by  assign- 
ing to  a  single  parish  circumstances 
stated  by  me  to  have  occurred  in  three 
distinct  parishes,  of  which  the  in- 
cumbents are  exemplary  dignitaries 
(two  of  them  resident),  and  their  cu- 
rates unimpeachable  characters;  and, 
as  subscribers  to  the  Christian  Know- 
ledge Society,  willing  donors  of  Bibles. 
Were  there  any  want  of  such  gifts, 
and  neglect  of  duty  in  these  parishes, 
which  could  vindicate  intrusion  ?  and. 


if  not,  what  brought  these  ofiiciout 
persons  there?  Only  this— ^^that  the 
resident  clergyman  should  either  sop* 
port  the  Bible  Society,  or  have  a  imia 
rochiul  party  excited  against  him, 
though  it  is  inconsistent  with  duty 
and  integrity  to  patronize  an  institutba 
which  refuses  to  give  away  Prayer- 
books,  and  yet  stitches  into  the  Bibles 
fanatical  tracts. 

I  shall  end,  finally,  with  the  follow- 
ing quotation  from  Bishop  Mant : 

**  Whatever  diligence  the  Church  may 
call  upon  her  ministers,  aod  it  may  in  eoo- 
sequence  lie  their  duty  to  practise  in  any  cif 
the  respects  which  have  been  notictd,  or  in 
any  others,  which  will  be  perpetually  offer- 
ing themselves  to  the  mind  of  a  watchful, 
and  conscientious  clergyman,  such  dili-^ 
gence  is  to  be  limited  unthitt.  the  sphere  qfhis 
own  particular  cure,** — Clergymau's  Obliga* 
tioas,  p.  S40. 

SUDM  CUIQUB. 

Mr.  Urban,  April  i. 

WHEN  did  the  Welsh  assume  the 
Leek  as  their  national  Bad^? 
Some  of  the  antiquaries  of  that  nation 
disclaim  it  as  their  cognizance;  an4 
Owen,  in  the  '*  Cambrian  Biography,'* 
says  it  was  worn  in  consequence  of  the 
Cymhortha,  a  practice  of  the  farmers, 
who  met  to  plough  the  Belds  of  a  poor 
man,  and  brought  each  a  portion  of 
leeks  for  the  pottage. 

Tlie  Welsh  heraldry  seems  to  have 
been  peculiar ;  for  Dallaway  says,  they 
did  not  adopt  the  usual  symbols  before 
the  time  of  Edward  1.  their  bearings 
being  a  sort  of  historic  paintings.  The 
Celtic  and  Cumraeg  races  certainly 
carried  reeular  n>arks  of  distinction 
between  clans,  painted  on  their  tar- 
gets; but  much  information  is  wanted 
on  this  mystical  science. 

I  should  feel  obliged  if  I  could  ob- 
tain, also,  information  respecting  the 
time  when  the  Harp  became  the  na- 
tional arms  of  Ireland.  Does  it  appear 
before  the  time  of  Henry  VIII.  ?  Cas- 
saneus  de  Gloria  Mundi  says,  the  an* 
cient  arms,  of  Ireland  were— a  king, 
seated,  and  holding  a  lily.  Or,  in  a  6eld 
Sable ;  and  I  Bnd  that  Ulysses  Aldrova* 
dus  represents  the  shield  as  contatiiing, 
in  one  part-^Or,  an  arm  holding  a 
sword ;  and,  in  the  other — a  demi-eagle 
in  a  field  Argent.  Arc  there  any  re- 
presentations of  these  ancient  arms; 
or  where  arc  we  likely  to  learn  more 
concerning  them  ? 

James  Logan. 


eoit  M^f  4fnl.  /toil  n  If 


i;JKW;Kt5^1'SK„  f^'C-^'iririHiWAlRlDL. 


183a] 


Prior  of  Lew^u'  Inn,  Sottihwark. 


W7 


Mr.  UnBAir,  /1prii9\, 

THK  subject  of  the  accomfMinying 
print  (see  Plate  I.)  is  ihc  crypl 
of  the  Inn  of  the  Prior  of  Lewes  in 
Souihwark,  which  has  lately  been  ren- 
dered accessible  to  public  inspection 
by  the  alterations  necessary  to  form  the 
approaches  of  the  New  I^ondon  Bridge, 
and  which  has  been  (letter! bed  in  your 
Magazine  for  January,  p.  G?.  I  sup- 
pose that  the  remains  of  this  building 
were  more  considerable  in  the  time  of 
the  historian  and  topographer  Stow, 
who  notices  it,  as  you  have  already 
quoted. 

Tht  crypt  is  an  apartment  about  forty 
feet  in  length,  by  seventeen  in  width, 
and  about  fourteen  in  height,  from  the 
original  floor  to  the  crest  of  the  vault- 
ing, which  is  supported  by  short  semi- 
circular  pilasters  placed  on  either  side 
of  the  chamber ;  three  on  the  east,  and 
three  on  the  west.  The  capitals  of  these 
columns  are  in   the  earliest  style  of 
Saxon   or  An^lo- Norman  sculpture ; 
from  them  snnng  boldly.turned  semi- 
circular arches,    faced  with    squared 
masonry.    The  intercolunmiation   or 
S|)ace  between  pillar  and  pillar,  is  about 
nine  feet.    The  corresnonding  inter- 
vening spaces  between  the  arches,  form 
the  cieling,  which  is  accurately  groin- 
ed.   The  walls  are  of  rag-stone,  with 
an  admixture,  especially  in  the  groins, 
of  chalk.    There  are  no  pilasters  in 
the  angles  forming  the  ends  of  the 
chamber.    One  circumstance  in  this 
edifice  is  peculiarly  worthy  of  olMcrva- 
lion  ;  in  the  intervening  lateral  spaces 
between  the  pillars,  where  the  groin- 
ing would  naturally  form  a  pointed 
arch,  the  trch  is  not  pointed  but  elHp' 
iieal. 

Two  small  circular- headed  windows, 
neatly  faced  with  squared  masonry, 
and  scarcely  twelve  inches  asunder,* 
arc  placed  at  the  south  end  of  the  build- 
ing, and  one  at  the  north.  There  is 
an  oblong  opening  in  the  first  inierco- 
Jumniation  of  the  %rest  side  of  the  loom, 
which  led  I  ihink  lo  a  small  staircase ; 
in  the  second  and  third,  bciwcen  the 
pilatten,  were  two  circular- headed  win- 
dows, f  imilar  to  the  resl.  So  that  the 
apartment  was  itlmntnated  by  five 
apertores  exclusive  of  the  doors.    At 

*  Yoar  artist  lias  mads  an  error  in  tlicM 
wiMdovs  lo  his  view  of  ihe  arjpc.  1  corrtct 
it  ia  •■  colargtd  skcCeh  of.shcas,  with  which 
I  seada  plan  of  tha  buikfiag. 

Gknt.  Mac.  dfpriij  ItSO. 

2 


I  he  tuirih-east  end  is  a  projection, 
making  ;i  right  angle  with  the  cham- 
ber, and  forming  the  centre,  as  I  think, 
of  a  mansion  in  the  shape  of  an  half 
H,  the  hollow  side  facing  to  the  south. 
In  the  middle  of  the  north  front  were 
|>robabIy  the  "  arched  gates"  mention- 
ed by  Slow. 

I  am  strongly  of  opinion  that  these 
remains  arc  a  portion  of  an  edifice, 
erectecl  on  his  own  land,  by  William 
de  Warren,  first  Earl,  or  rather  (as 
earldoms  at  that  time  had  a  real  do- 
minion over  counties)  Viceroy  of  Sur- 
rey, who  married  the  sister  of  Wil- 
liam Rufus,  and  who,  founding  an 
alien  I^riory  of  the  Cistercian  order  at 
I-.eu  es  in  Sussex,  among  other  marks 
of  his  bounty,  conferred  perhaps  a 
mansion  of  his  own  on  the  Priors,  as 
their  town  residence.  The  Earls  of 
Surrey  certainly  held  a  Court  in  their 
manor  of  Southwark. 

The  building  under  consideration 
was  not,  I  conceive,  a  place  of  worship, 
as  it  has  been  designated  by  Wilkin- 
son, f  but  rather  the  sub-aula  of  some 
stately  mansion.  It  appears,  indeed, 
from  a  passage  of  Matthew  Paris,  in 
his  Lives  of  the  Abbats  of  St.  Alban*s,  j: 
that  houses  furnished  with  crypt t  were 
of  the  order  appropriated  to  nobility : 
"  Aula  nobilissima  picta  rum  concia- 
vibus  ct  camino  et  atrio  et  subauli 
que  palalium  rrgium  (quia  duplex  est 
et  criptata)  dici  potest. 

Several  fragments  of  architectural 
carving  were  discovered  in  the  upper 
parts  of  the  building,  strictly  of  the 
Saxon  style, and  some  much  resembling 
the  ornaments  on  the  font  at  Darent 
Church,  Kent,  which  I  have  described 
in  vol.  xcvii.  ii.  p.  4i;7,  of  your  Mis- 
cellany. Portions  of  Roman  tiles,  a 
sure  mark,  when  coupled  with  other 
circumstances,  of  high  antiquity,  were 
found  worked  into  the  walls.  Under 
the  floor  of  the  school-room  alx>ve, 
luany  tradesmen's  tokens  were  discover- 
ed, and  1  have  a  small  brass  coin  of  Con« 
siantiiis,  picked  out  of  the  rubbish. § 

The  quantity  of  earth  which  at  pre- 
sent fills  this  vault,  up  to  the  capitalf 
of  the  columns,  was  nrobablv  intro-' 
duced  to  bring  it  to  t  level  with  some' 

—  —  - 

t  LoDdJna  Ulustrata. 
:  Vitsi  vighU  trium  Saocti  Albuii  Ab- 
Utnai,  p.  149,  edit.  Watts. 

§  Obvflfia,  Cnnsuntlus  Nob.  CsMr.— 
Baterse,  Gloria  Sxcfcitus  (two  solditrt). 


SdS 


On  the  Origin  of  Proper  Names^ 


[April, 


adjoining  modern  cellars,  for  ihe  con- 
venience of  removing  casks,  &c.  In- 
deed it  is  said  that  this  ancient  vault- 
ing was  unknown  to  the  (mssessors  of 
the  upper  part  of  its  site,  and  was  oc- 
cupied for  a  century  by  persons  who 
had  casually  broken  inio  it  from  an 
adjacent  souierrein. 

A  little  historical  taste,  and  a  little 
rrspect  for  the  vestigia  suhlerranea, 
now  indeed  almost  the  only  tangible 
evidence  of  old  London,  mi^ht  have 
still  preserved  this  most  curious  and 
early  specimen  of  architecture  for  ages 
to  come,  and  the  new  road,  or  any 
other  superstructure,  might  have  been 
formed  over  the  vault ;  but  the  Vanda- 
lism which  sometimes  marks  the  march 
of  modern  improvement,  in  a  few  days 
will,  I  fear,  sweep  the  residence  of 
Earl  Warren,  or  the  Inn  of  the  Prior 
of  Lewes,  from  the  surface  of  the  earth. 
Yours,  &c.  A.  J.  K. 

Mr.  Urban,     Grimsby,  Jan.  27* 

I  SEND  you  the  analysis  of  a  theory 
which  I  am  preparing  for  the  press, 
in  hopes  that  some  of  your  ingenious 
Correspondents  may  be  induced  to 
pursue  the  subject,  and,  through  the 
medium  of  your  columns,  give  me  the 
benefit  of  their  investigations. 

Dr.  Whitaker  says,  "  if  any  anti- 
quary should  think  Bt  to  write  a  disser- 
tation on  the  antiquity  of  nicknames 
in  England,  he  may  meet  with  ample 
materials  in  the  Com|)Otus  of  Bolton 
Abbey;  for  here  are  found  Adam  Blun- 
der, Simon  Paunche,Richard  Drunken, 
Tom  Nosht,  and  Whirle  the  Carter; 
the  last,  I  suppose,  by  an  antiphrasis, 
from  the  slowness  of  his  rotatory  mo- 
tion.'* •  The  general  doctrine  of  siir- 
names,  however,  is  too  complex  to  be 
reduced  to  any  simple  theory ;  too  ar- 
bitrary to  be  methodically  arranged  and 
systematized  to  the  entire  satisfaction 
of  the  theorist ;  and  too  confused, 
both  in  its  nature  and  design,  to  afford 
any  certain  clue  by  which  he  may 
be  safely  guided  through  the  mazy  la- 
byrinth, whether  his  design  be  to  trace 
their  origin,  or  to  pursue  the  ramified 
theme  through  all  its  complicated 
windings  and  sinuosities. 

If  our  researches  be  commenced  at 
that  period  when  surnames  were  first 
assumed  by  our  nobility  as  marks  of 
distinction  and  pre-eminence,  we  are 
still  enveloped  in  doubt  and  uncer- 
tain ty^forlhefewnai^ 

*  Hl&tory  of  Cravru,  p.  348. 


which  may  be  considered  as  originals, 
afford  no  specific  rule  to  account  for 
the  myriads  which  are  in  existence  at 
the  present  time.  For  an  approxima- 
tion to  truth,  therefore,  we  must  look 
to  contingencies,  both  of  ancient  and 
modern  occurrence;  for  there  does  not 
exist  a  title  of  honour,  or  an  epithet  of 
disgrace ;  an  appellation  of  scorn,  deri- 
sion, or  contempt;  a  learned  profes- 
sion, a  menial  employment,  an  article 
of  common  utility,  a  trade,  a  handi- 
craft, a  locality,  an  excellence,  or  a 
misfortune,  but  has  given  rise  to  a  fa- 
mily name ;  which,  receiving  various 
changes  and  modifications  from  the 
effects  of  a  provincial  dialect,  vicious 
pronunciation,  and  pun,  has  produced 
the  unlimited  number  of  surnames 
with  which  the  world  now  abounds. 

I  am  persuaded,  however,  that  the 
surname  is  not  an  assumption  of 
these  comparatively  modern  times ;  for 
the  remotest  ages  of  antiquity  furnish 
unquestionable  evidence  of  the  use  of 
patronymics,  how  much  soever  they 
may  have  been  blended  or  confounded 
with  the  cogn  ..men  ;  although  it  may 
be  worthy  of  a  passing  remaik,  that 
theoretically,  the  family  name  being 
unalterable,  the  additional  one,  in  strict 
propriety  of  speech,  should  be  deno- 
minated the  surname.  Taking  Selah 
for  a  surname,  however,  in  its  usual 
acceptation,  we  find  Methu-Selah  se- 
veral hundred  years  before  the  flood : 
and  shortly  after  that  event,  we  per- 
ceive unequivocal  traces  of  surnames. 
Melchi-Zedek,  king  of  righteousness, 
is  evidently  a  name  compounded  of 
two  distinct  parts,  the  one  expressive 
of  earthly  dignity,  the  other  of  a  pecu- 
liar mental  quality  by  which  the  indi- 
vidual was  distinguished.  Joseph  in 
Egypt  was  surnamed  Abrech,  the 
king's  father ;  and  to  the  same  effect 
we  find  Hiram  Abif,  Ben  Ammi,  and 
many  others  of  common  occurrence  in 
the  sacred  writings. 

In  the  mythology  of  pagan  nations, 
according  to  Bryant  and  Faber,  the 
names  of  the  gods  and  heroes  were 
generally  compounded  of  two  or  more 
radicals,  which,  like  the  origin  of  many 
of  our  modern  surnames,  expressed 
the  nature,  character,  or  qualities  of. 
the  personage  to  whom  they  were  ap- 
plied. Thus  Apollo  was  Ab-Baal-On, 
the  father  of  Baal,  the  sun ;  Pboebua 
was  Ph'Ob-As,  the  fiery  serpent ; 
Pallas,  PAl-As,  the  god  of  fire;  Dm-. 
calioii  was  Du-Cal- Jonah,  the  god  of 


i«m.T 


Oh  ihi  Origin  of  Proper  Ndma^ 


999 


ilie  white  doTC ;  AtUt,  AuAUAt,  the 
fiery  end  of  hcet|  Dagon^  Dag-On, 
the  solar  fith»  god,  &c.  ^c. 

Amongft  the  Romans  surnames  were 
probably  adopted  at  the  period  when 
the  treaty  wiih  the  Sabines  was  ra- 
tified and  confirmed;  that  the  family 
pride  of  each  nation  might  be  gratified 
oy  transmittins  its  peculiar  designa- 
tions to  posterity;  and  it  has  been  re* 
narked  by  some  writers*  that  amongst 
both  Greeks  and  Romans  there  existed 
an  ancient  and  toperstitious  belief,  that 
individual  prosperity  depended  much 
on  the  signification  of  the  proper  name. 

The  Roman  system  of  family  names 
n  too  notorious  to  need  a  comment 
here,  and  I  pass  on  to  that  of  our  own 
conntry,  which  is  the  more  immediate 
object  of  the  present  essay.  Many 
names  amongst  the  ancient  Britons 
were  compounded  from  personal  ana- 
lities,  influence,  or  dignity;  as  Lly- 
warch  Hen,  or  Llywarch  the  aged; 
Uthyr  Bendragon,  the  wonderful  su- 

Ereme  leader;  Cyn-Felyn  or  Melvn, 
e  with  the  golden  hair;  Garan*Hir, 
tlie  lofty  crane;  Pen-Danin,  lord  of 
thunder:  Rhiiddlwm-Gawr,  the  red, 
bony  giant  I  Gwvdion-ab*Don,  Gwy» 
dioii  the  son  of  Don ;  Cyn-Llo,  calf* 
he.id,  a  silly  fellow,  &c.  &c.  The 
Saxons  also  used  compound  names  ; 
sometimes  from  personal  peculiarities, 
as  Wulfsie«se-l5laca,  or  the  pale; 
Thurceles-H  witan,or  the  white ;  Ethel- 
werdc-Siameran  ;  Godwine-Oreflan, 
&c.  ;  or  from  mental  qualities,  as, 
EiheUBald,  noUe  and  valiant ;  Cynin^- 
Gund,  a  royal  favourite  i  Lud>VVic 
(Ludovic  or  Lewis)  the  refuge  of  the 
people  I  Sige-Bald,  liold  in  victory, 
ice.  Sometimes  a  person  was  desig- 
nated from  his  habitation,  which  in 
process  of  time  might  become  the  con- 
firmed name  of  the  family ;  as  Elfric 
ai  Bertune  ;  Leonmaere  at  Biggrafan  } 
and  sometimes  from  the  name  of  his 
father,  as  Elfgare-Elfiin-sun  i  Sired - 
£1  fr ides-sun  ;*  and  these  were  subse- 
qoently  converted  by  the  Normans 
into  a  single  name ;  as,  for  instance, 
William  ihe  son  rf  fFialter  became 
William  Fita waiter ;  John  the  son  of 
Paine  was  John  Fiizpaine,  &c. ;  and 
from  this  period  the  theory  of  proper 
oamet  becomes  still  more  diversified. 
Some  individuals  were  distinguished 
by  a  territorial  appellation,  as  WaU 

*  Toraar's  Aaglo-Saxonsy  voL  iv.  p.  K 
Verttegao,  c  8. 


teros  de  Grymesby,  Johannes  de  Gave^ 
Ricardus  de  Ra%enser,  Petrusde  New* 
ton  :  others  have  been  graced  with  s 
double  name,  the  one  referring  to  the 
place  of  their  birth,  and  the  other  lo 
their  residence,  as,  Willielmus  d^ 
Holm  de  Beverlaco,  Johannes  de  Scar* 
deburg  de  Beverlaco ;  some  were  de- 
signated from  certain  prominent  fea- 
tures in  their  bodily  appearance,  as 
Adam  Greyhaires;  Johannes  Pinpuisi 
some  from  their  colour,  as  Williel- 
mus Niger;  Alanos  Albus;  some 
from  field  sports,  as  Robert  us  Au- 
cepa ;  Willielmus  Arbalistarius ;  Fran- 
cis Forestarius ;  while  domestics  and 
retainers  were  usually  surnamed  ac- 
cording to  the  nature  of  their  em- 
Slovment ;  as  Simon  Ironmonger, 
kobertus  de  Bakester,  Walierus  de 
Buttiler,  John  Daylaborer,  or  Wil- 
lielmus Camerarius,  Radulfus  Pin- 
cerna,  Ricardus  Stabularius,  Johannes 
Tinetor,  &c.  These  classes  I  could 
extend  indefinitely  from  Charters  and 
Compoti  in  which  they  abound.  "  Di* 
vers  of  our  ancestors,'  savs  Verstegan* 
*'  took  their  surnames  by  reason  of 
their  abode  in  or  ncer  some  place  of 
note,  where  they  settled  themselnes 
and  planted  their  ensueing  families,  as 
within  tunes  or  fensed  pieces,  or  at  a 
wood,  a  hil,  a  feild,  a  green,  a  brook,  a 
bourn,  a  foord,  a  great  tree,  and  sundry 
the  lyke.  W* hereby  for  example,  Ro- 
bert of,  or  at  the  Green,  was  so  called 
because  hee  dwelt  on  or  by  a  green ; 
and  afterwards  the  preposition  ^  be« 
came  by  vulgar  hast  to  be  a,  when  of 
Robert  of  Green,  he  was  called  Robert 
a  Green ;  and  the  a  lastly  quyte  left 
out,  hee  remayned  only  Robert  Green; 
and  the  lyke  may  bee  sayd  of  others  in 
the  lyke  msnner.'* 

In  modern  times  we  find  some  parti- 
cular names  disseminated  through  all 
ranks  and  gradations  of  society,  spread 
over  every  part  of  the  habitable  globe 
where  surnames  prevail,  and  insinuate 
ing  themselves  into  the  most  obscure 
recesses  of  mankind  ;  whilst  others  are 
of  very  rare  occurrence.  Of  the  former 
description  is  the  name  of  Smith,  with 
all  iu  %'ariatioos  of  nation,  province, 
and  family ;  and  of  the  latter  are  £1- 
lerker,  Legard,and  Wilberforce,  which 
are  peculiar  to  the  county  of  York,  and 
families  of  these  names  have  been  esta- 
blished there  for  many  centuries.  This 
class  is  seldom  to  be  met  with  out  of 
its  own  district,  except  from  family 
migrations,  as  though  the  names  were 


300 


On  the  Origin  of  Proper  Ndrnei* 


ppt». 


natives  of  that  peculiar  toil,  and  refused 
to  flourish  if  tran3ptanted  into  another. 
Thus  we  find  the  primitive  names  of 
Jones,  Davies,  Gryffith,  and  Powell, 
in  Wales ;  Macpneraon,  Campbell, 
Douglas,  and  others,  in  Scotland ; 
O'Brien  in  Ireland  ;  Carruthers  and 
Burnside  in  the  north  of  England ; 
Poynder  and  Thwaite  in  Lancashire ; 
Tryce  in  Worcestershire ;  Tre  and 
Pen  in  Cornwall;  Poyzer  in  Derby- 
shire, and  others  in  like  manner  through- 
out every  province  in  the  kingdom. 

Some  surnames  have  been  tortured 
by  ignorance  or  wantonness,  until  they 
have  become  lost  and  completely  swaU 
lowed  up  in  the  substituted  anomaly* 
Thus  within  the  last  century,  as  I 
have  discovered  by  consulting  paro- 
chial registers,  a  family  named  Hau- 
forth  has  been  changed  into  Alford  ; 
Keymish  into  Cammiss,  and  Vaustell 
into  Fussey.  Caprice  has  frequently 
aftixed  a  bye-name  to  a  child,  which 
has.  adhered  to  him  throughout  the 
whole  of  his  life,  and  in  the  end  has 
become  the  name  of  his  family.  Nay, 
in  the  exercise  of  my  professional 
duties,  I  ha%'e  not  only  met  wi^th  num« 
hers  of  people  ignorant  of  the  ortho- 
graphy of  their  own  name,  but  have 
in  one  instance  baptized  the  children 
of  two  brothers,  who  actually  sp6ll 
their  family  name  so  variously  as  to 
give  it  the  appearance  of  a  different 
appellation,  lo  similar  causes  ma)r  be 
attributed  the  gradual  change  of  origi- 
nal names,  which  in  the  end  would 
produce  that  complicated  variety  which 
now  exists  in  the  world. 

In  the  classification  of  these  sur- 
names, it  has  already  been  observed, 
that  in  early  timea  the  principal  inha- 
bitants of  this  nation  assumed  the 
name  of  the  place  which  gave  them 
birth,  or  where  their  estates  were  situ- 
ated, which  ultimately  became  the  fa- 
mily name;  and  in  most  cases  this 
name  is  still  retained.  But  the  most 
numerous  class  consists  of  derivations 
from  natural  and  artificial  objects ; 
then  follow  those  compounded  from 
Christian  names,  the  chief  of  which 
terminate  in  son ;  some  are  derived 
from  the  names  of  animals ;  and  some 
from  kingdoms  and  people,  countries 
and  towns  ;  others  take  their  rise  from 
trades  or  colours  ;  many  from  the  hu- 
man frame,  or  the  qualities  of  the  body 
or  mind ;  some  from  the  parts  of  a 
dwelling  house  and  its  appendages  -,  a 


hw  from  the  weather,  appearances  in 
the  heavens,  the  seasons,  elements, 
and  cardinal  points  of  the  compass  j 
and  a  few  others  from  good  or  evil  for- 
tune, titles  of  honour,  ecclesiastical 
dignities,  el  hoc  genus  omne. 

To  account  for,  and  accurately  to 
class,  the  whole  circle  of  surnames 
which  at  present  abound  in  the  world, 
would  probably  exceed  the  capacity  of 
the  most  talented  individual,  unless  hit 
whole  and  undivided  attention  were 
devoted  to  its  study  and  developement ; 
and  it  is  to  be  feared  that  the  effect 
might  appear  greatly  disproportionate 
to  the  means  employed.  In  this  re- 
spect the  theory  of  suri>ames  bears  an 
affinity  to  the  doctrine  of  fluxions; 
without  the  advantage  of  equal  utility ; 
fur,  as  a  knowledge  of  algebra»  geo- 
metry, logarithms,  and  infinite  series, 
is  equally  and  indispensably  necessary 
to  a  right  understanding  of  fluxions ; 
so,  to  enter  fully  into  the  theory  of 
surnames,  an  intimate  acquaintance 
with  history  and  antiquities,— dead  and 
living  languages, — the  state  of  society 
and  manners  in  all  a^es  and  nations,-— 
localities  and  peculiarities,'— ^national 
and  femily  connexions,— the  passions 
and  prejudices  of  bomao  nature,— ihe 
cant  words  and  technical  phrases  of 
every  description  of  men,— is  absolutely 
essential;  else  the  anxious  theorist 
will  be  at  a  loss  to  comprehend  the 
origin  of  many  uncouth  names,  or  the 
relation  they  bear  to  each  other,  divert 
sified  as  they  are  by  a  succession  of 
shades  and  tints  which  are  almost  im- 
perceptible; and  he  will  find  it  diffi- 
cult to  determine  with  undeviating  ac- 
curacy, whether  many  of  the  names  he 
investigates  be  primitive,  derivative,  or 
contingent ;  or  to  trace  them  through 
all  the  devious  and  uncertain  etymolo- 
gies in  which  they  are  imbedded  and 
entwined.  Geo.  Olivbr. 

Mr.  Urban, 

PLYMPTON  St.  Maurice,  com* 
monly  called  Plympton  Maurice^ 
or  Plympton  £arls,  is  a  borough  and 
market  town,  situated  in  a  fertile  Tale, 
40  miles  S.W.  of  £xeter,  and  5  £.  of 
Plymouth,  being  nearly  2  miles  from 
the  river  Plym,  whence  it  derives  its 
name.  It  contains  about  100  houses, 
arranged  principally  into  two  streets, 
crossing  each  other  somewhat  in  the 
form  of  the  letter  T.  The  inhabitanU 
aie  computed  at  700« 


isaa] 


Descrifdion  of  Plympton,  co,  Devon, 


801 


The  buildingt  of  interest  are  the 
Church,  Guildhall,  and  Grammar 
School,  and  the  mint  of  a  castle  on 
the  north.  The  CaKinists  have  also  a 
small  Meeting-house. 

The  Guildhall  is  a  large  and  by  no 
means  inelegant  structure,  standing  on 
granite  pillars;  against  the  front  are 
two  small  niches,  one  containing  the 
arms  of  Sir  Hugh  Trevor,  Knt.  with 
the  dale  l6g6i  the  other  is  racant. 
The  dining  room  is  ornamented  with 
the  portraits  of  Georse  I.  and  II.,  Sir 
Joshua  Reynolds  (by  nimself),  and  se- 
veral membenof  the  Corporation. 

The  Grammar  School  is  a  little  to 
the  S.E.  of  the  Church,  and  is  a  stately 
edifice  in  the  Gothic  style,  supported 
by  an  extensive  niazza.  It  was  found- 
ed in  the  middle  of  the  seventeenth 
century,  by  Elizeus  Hele,  Esq.  for  the 
education  of  the  youth  belonging  to 
the  hundred  of  Plympton,*  and  was 
built  by  his  executors  in  l664.  In  the 
masters  houae  adjoining.  Sir  Joshua 
Reynolds  was  born  in  17^3,  his  father 
being  at  that  time  master  of  the  school. 

In  the  principal  street  are  several 
old  houses  standmg  on  piazzas,  called 
the  *'  Penthouse,"  underneath  which 
the  pi^my  market  is  held  on  Fridavs. 
TraJition  says  the  greater  part  of  the 
town,  when  in  the  meriaian  of  its 
mercantile  grandeur,  was  built  in  the 
same  manner.  - 

On  the  north  side  of  the  town  are 
the  ruins  of  a  castle.  The  keen,  which 
was  circular,  stood  on  an  artificial  hill 
do  feet  high  ;  a  part  of  the  outer  wall 
only  is  now  remaining:  this  is  of  great 
thickness,  and  is  about  twenty  feet 
high  in  the  highest  part;  two  apertures 
(apparently  flues)  a  foot  square,  run 
through  it,  several  feet  from  each 
other.  This  hill  has  obviouily  sunk 
in  the  centre,  certainly  eonfirmmg  the 
report  of  its  beins  hollow,  and  com- 
municating with  the  Priory  of  Plymp- 
too  St.  Alary.  The  green  is  in  tne 
form  of  ao  amphitheatre,  and  is  sur- 
rounded by  a  deep  fosse,  which  once 
communicated  with  the  Plym,  though, 
by  means  of  em  bank  menu,  this  river 
has  for  centuries  ceased  to  fill  it  with 
its  waters.  The  sides  are  considerably 
elevated   above  the  middle,  and   are 

*  The  bondrtd  of  PfysspCoB  eonprisM 
the  parbhet  of  PlympCoa  St.  Mary,  Piynp- 
ton  Shaugh,  Pljiattoek^  Wfmbury>  brix* 
too,  aod  YsalmtoD. 


planted  with  trees,  aflbrding  a&  agree- 
able walk  for  the  inhabitants. 

This  castle  was  the  residence  of  De 
Redvers,  Earl  of  Devon,  who  was  Ba- 
ron of  Plympton,  of  whom  many  of 
the  neighbouring  gentry  held  lands  in 
castle-guard;  among  whom  was  hb 
castellan,  named  De  Plympton,  whose 
son  assumed  the  namt  of  his  estate  De 
Newenham ;  an  heiress  of  this  family 
in  the  reign  of  Hen.  II.  was  married  to 
Adam  le  Stroud,*  whose  descendants 
still  retain  iti  a  singular  circumstance, 
that  they  should  be  the  only  family 
which  still  hold  the  lands  originally 
granted  to  their  ancestors,  when  even 
the  ownership  of  the  castle  has  long 
since  passed  from  the  famil^r  of  its  an- 
cient lords,  and  many  of  their  offspring 
are  obliged  '*  to  earn  their  bread  by 
the  sweat  of  their  brow." 

On  the  extinction  of  the  family  of 
de  Redvers  in  the  male  line,  by  the 
death  of  Baldwin,  eig^hth  Earl  or  De- 
von, without  issue,  in  the  reign  of 
Edward  I.  the  baron v  of  Plympton,  to- 
gether with  the  earldom,  became  th« 
property  of  his  sister,  the  lady  Isabella, 
wife  or  William  de  Fortibus,  Eari  of 
Albemarle ;  she  likewise  dying  issue- 
less, her  titles  and  extensive  c&maina 
p^sed  to  Hugh  Courtney,  her  coosio, 
baton  of  Oakhampton,  the  son  and 
heir  of  Mary,  eldest  daughter  of  WiU 
liam,  sumamed  De  Vernon  from  hit 
birth-place,  by  her  first  husband  Sir 
Robert  Courtney,  Knt.  This  Hn^ 
at  first  ne^ected  to  assume  the  dignity 
and  functions  of  Earl  of  Deron,  until 
compelled  to  do  so  bv  the  King.  He 
died  ill  the  reign  of  Edward  Hi.  Af- 
ter a  series  of  forfeitures  and  restora- 
tions, this  title  finally  passed  from  the; 
Courtney  familv  by  the  death  (gene- 
rally supposed  by  poison)  of  Edward* 
son  of  Henry,  created  Marquis  of  Exe- 
ter by  Henry  VIII.  This  Henry  was 
attainted  and  beheaded  in  1538,  and 
his  titles  and  estates  forfeited  to  the 
Crown ;  but  Mary  restored  the  Earl- 
dom to  Edward,  she  being  grcttly  at* 
tached  to  him.  He  died  anmarried  tt 
Padua  in  1656:  hb  possessions  were 
divided  among  his  oearrst  relatives, 
who  were  the  descendants  of  the  four 
sisters  of  his  great-grandfather.  This 
castle,  after  passing  through  varioiis 
families,  was  parniased  some  years 
ago  by  the  present  Earl  of  Morley,  of 

•  Nov  spell  Strode. 


fC9 


DettripRon  of  Ptymptoli,  co.  Debon. 


tApril, 


JVdmiral  Palmer  of  White-hall  in  this 
parish.  This  gentleman  has  since  left 
the  neighbourhood. 

The  Charch  is  dedicated  to  St.  Man- 
rice,  and  was  originally  founded  as  a 
Chantry  chapel  by  John  Brackley,  esq. 
It  consists  of  a  nave,  chancel,  and  two 
aisles,  with  a  neat  tower  at  the  west 
end.  The  interior  is  plain,  and  the 
aisles  are  separated  by  obtuse  arches. 
The  walls  were  formerly  decorated 
with  scriptural  sentences,  adorned  with 
angels,  &c. ;  but  about  three  years 
since,  when  the  Church  was  wliite- 
>vashed,  they  were  defaced,  though 
they  can  still  be  distinctly  traced. 
This  practice  is  unfortunately  too  com* 
raon,  and  cannot  be  too  severely  repro- 
bated. 

The  pulpit  was  erected  in  167O,  and 
is  neatly  divided  into  small  pannels. 
T\^  font,  which  is  ancient,  is  sur- 
mounted by  a  modern  wooden  cover. 
Iq  the  south  aisle  is  an  ancient  seat, 
Xm  which  is  rudely  carved  the  figure  of 
a  man  hearing  a  cross:  near  this  on 
tto  wall  is  an  unassuming  monument, 
containing  the  following  inscription. 
In  Roman  capitals : 

^*  Sacred  to  the  memory  of  Lieotenant 
Thomas  William  Jones,  son  of  Mr.  Richard 
J^nes,  surgeon  of  this  place,  commander  of 
his  Majesty's  bchootier  Alphas,  often  gnns 
and  forty  meo.  She  was  blown  up  in  a 
sight  aetioo  with  the  French  privateer  Le 
Reynard,  of  fourteen  guns  and  fifty  men, 
vear  the  Start  Point,  on  the  ninth  of  Sep- 
tember MDCCCxni. ;  when,  after  an  obf ti- 
nate  contest  of  two  hours  and  a  half,  the  ene- 
my having  made  two  unsuccessful  attempts 
to  board,  were,  according  to  their  own  ac- 
count, clearly  overpowered.  This  monu- 
ment is  erected  by  toe  family  of  Lieutenant 
Jones,  in  affectionate  remembrance  of  an 
amiable  relative,  and  in  erateful  respect  to 
tha  loyalty  and  valour  of  tnose  who  support- 
«d  him  in  that  memorable  conflict." 

On  the  floor  in  the  eastern  end  of 
the  same  aisle,  is  the  inscription  fol- 
lowing, in  black  letter : 

«  Will.  Snelliog,  Gent,  twise  Maior  of 
ihiS  towne  :  he  died  the  xx  day  of  Nouem- 
lltr,  1684. 

The  man  whose  bodie  that  here  doth  lie, 
Beganne  to  liue  when  he  did  die  ; 
Oo*id  both  In  life  and  death  he  prott*d. 
And  was  of  God  and  man  belou  d. 
Now  he  Uueth  in  heauen's  ioy, 
■And  never  more  to  feele  annoy." 

On  each  aide  the  entrance  of  the 
chancel  is  an  openings  looking  into 
either  aisle,  through  which  the  people 


fnighi  see  the  host  elevated.  On  the 
south  side  of  the  altar  ia  an  old  tabletV 
with  this  inscription : 

**  Hio  situs  est 

Thomas  Browne,  hujns  ecclesias 

Min.  et  scholae  vioinse  Prasceptor, 

in  agro  Eborac:  natns, 

in  coll.  aedis  X'ti  apud  Cant: 

educatus, 

eximia  doctrina,  morum  suavitate, 

et  dexteritate  Instruendt, 

nemini  secundus. 
Objit  dec:  oct;  die  Mali 

MDCXCVIII. 

Mariti  memoriae  sacrum 

hoc  marmor  sepulchrale 

vxor  posiiit." 

Near  it  is  a  white  marble  slab  to  the 
memory  of  Kalherine  Kite,  who  died 
in  May  1811,  aged  69,  and  William 
Kile,  Gent,  her  husband,  who  died  in 
Oct.  1815,  aged  70. 

Also  a  wooden  tablet,  with  the  fol- 
lowing : 

"  Mem.  anno  Dom.  1687* 

<<  That  Mrs.  Mary  Moulton  of  this  pa^ 
rish,  the  widdow  of  Edward  Moulton,  Gent, 
(out  of  her  pious  bounty)  gave  the  rents  of 
one  feild  called  Hilly  Feild  to  the  poor  of 
this  parish,  to  be  distributed  yearly  on  the 
<5th  of  December.  And  alsoe  gave  the 
rents  and  profits  of  another  feild,  commonly 
called  Pryor's  Parke,  acituate  in  the  perisTx 
of  Plimpton  St.  Mary,  unto  the  nkmister 
and  poor  of  y's  parish,  to  be  divided  eqvally 
between  them.  And  did  likewise  give  the 
rents  and  profits  of  another  ^Id  commonly 
called  Horsman^s  Meadow,  scituate  within 
this  parish,  unto  the  minister  and  ministers 
that  shall  actuallv  seme  the  cure  within  this 
parish,  for  ever. 

On  the  opposite  side  is  another  of 
minor  donations,  and  a  neat  white 
marble  nionoment  to  the  memory  of 
Lucy,  youngest  daughter  of  Admiral 
Forster  of  this  town,  who  died  on  the 
1st  of  Feb.  1896,  aged  II  years  and  7 
months. 

In  the  north  aisle  is  a  handsome 
monument : 

<*  Sacred  to  the  memory  of  Rowland  Cot- 
ton, Esq.  Vice-Admiral  of  the  Blue,  and 
Commander  in  Chief  of  his  Majesty's  ships 
and  vessels  in  Plymouth  Port,  son  of  the 
late  Sir  Lynch  Cotton,  Bart,  of  Comber- 
mere  Abbey,  in  the  county  of  Chester,  who 
died  the  SOth  day  of  November,  1798,  in 
the  5dd  year  of  his  age." 

Ther^  are  likewise  two  tablets  com- 
memorative of  Mrs.  Frances  Full,  wIm 
died  Oct.  29,  1803.  aged  73,  and  Miss 
Charioita  I^ofier,  who  jdied  jn  ApriJ 

1811,  aged  62. 


1890.] 


PlympUm.'^'  Peterchurch, 


SOS 


On  the  floor  it  a  stone,  with  this 
inicription,  nearly  obliterated,  round 
the  margin: 

"Crado:  I  beleert  that  although  after 
my  tkioaa  wonnt  dntrov  this  body,  yet  ia 
my  flMh  shall  I  lee  Ood.  lub,  %\%.96:' 

In  the  centre  z 

« I  baleeoe  that  aeither  death  aor  life, 
itatat  aor  priacipalities  aor  powers,  aor 
ihians  preseat,  aor  things  t<»  com,  aor 
height  Dur  depth,  oor  say  other  *^*  thsJI 
be  able  to  separata  roe  firom  the  loue  of  Ood 
which  *  *  *.  I  beleeve  th'is,  if  thou  *•* 
bee  laued,  as  did  *  *  *  Burried  heia 
•    •    •    December  1634.*' 

There  are  maiiv  monumental  in- 
scriplions  on  the  floor  in  the  body  of 
the  Church,  chiefly  at  the  entrance  of 
the  chancel,  but  they  are  either  much 
mutilated,  or  covered  by  the  pews. 

In  the  fret- work  of  the  windows  are 
some  remnants  of  painted  glass. 

In  the  church-yard  are  a  few  tombs, 
but  of  no  interett  to  the  tourisL  One, 
however,  on  the  north  records  the 
name  of  the  Rev.  Robert  Forster,  who 
was  above  forty  years  minister  of  the 
parish.     He  died  in  1800,  aged  70. 

At  the  north-east  of  the  town  is  a 
large,  square,  heavy -looking  brick 
mansion,  with  the  north  and  south 
fronts  of  Bath-stone.  It  was  built  in 
the  early  part  of  the  last  century,  by 
Mr.  Secretary  Treby,*  and  is  com- 
monly known  by  the  name  of  the 
«<  Great  House."  Though  uninhabit- 
ed,!* it  contains  many  good  portraits  of 
the  Treby  family. 

The  parish  was  taken  out  of  Plymp« 
ton  St.  Mary,  and  is  probably  the 
smallest  in  the  kingdom,  as  it  scarcely 
contains  150  acres.  Plynipton  is  one 
of  the  four  stannary  townsf  ap|)ertain- 
ing  to  the  tin-mines  of  Devon.  It  is  a 
place  of  great  anti<)niiy,  and  formerly 
of  much  commercial  importance.  It 
was  first  incorporated  by  Baldwyn  de 
Hedvers,  Earl  of  Devon,  in  1242,  who 
sranted  it  the  same  privileges  that 
Exeter  then  enjoyed,  together  with 
I  he  fairs,  markeu,  &rc.  reserving  a 
yearly  rent  of  S4/.  2s.  3d.  Its  incor- 
poration was  many  years  previous  to 
that  of  Plymouth,  tne  recollection  of 


*  Ha  was  Saeratary  to  Charles  II. 
t  The  present  Bfr.  Trsby  rasidca  at  Oood- 
smaor»  ia  Plympten  St.  Mary»  aboat  thrss 

t  Tbeaa  ara  Tavistock,  Chagfurd,  Ash- 
burtoB,  aad  Plyaipton. 


which  is  preserved  in  the  following 
distich : 

'<  n  jmptoa  was  a  borough  towa, 
Wheo  Plymouth  was  a  farxy  down.** 

It  is  now  of  little  consequence.  The 
Plym,  which  anciently  flowecl  up  to 
the  castle  walls,  now  ap|troaches  no 
nearer  than  a  mile  and  a  half,  and  iba 
turnpike  road  is  more  than  a  quarter 
of  a  mile  distant.  Ita  market,  fipm 
being  the  first  io  the  county,  hat 
dwindled  down  to  two  or  three,  butch* 
ers'  stalls.  It  has,  however,  several 
cattle  fairs  in  the  year,  ^nerally  well 
attended ;  and  still  continues  to  send 
represenutives  to  Parliament,  which 
it  has  done  ever  since  the  reign  of  Ed- 
ward  I.  The  freemen  are  chiefly  non** 
resident.  Joseph  Chattaway» 

Mr.  Urban,  Aprii  5. 

YOU  RCotrespondentE.I.C.,  whose 
taste  and  judgment  as  an  architec- 
tural critic  and  antiquary  are  so  fre^ 
quently  displayed  in  the  pages  of  your 
Magatine,  at  p.  903  of  your  present 
Volume,  complains  of  two  or  three 
omissions  in  my  little  account  of  Ft- 
terchurch,  which  appeared  in  the  De- 
cember number,— omissions  which  I 
will  now  endeavour  to  supply. 

Fint,  of  the  dimensions.  The  apart« 
ment  lettered  A,  is  62  feet  long  by  20 
ft.  6  in.  wide ;  B,  22  ft.  3  in.  by  21  ft. ; 
C,  \6  ft.  by  19  ft.  6  in. ;  D  terminating 
in  a  half  circle  (not  an  ellipse,  as  your 
artist  has  represented,)  the  radius  of 
which  is  7  feet  7  inches,  and  the  die- 
tance  from  the  step,  marked  in  the 
plan  by  a  transverse  line,  to  the  wall 
eastward,  is  13  ft.  7  in.  The  walls 
throughout  are  3  ft.  9  inches  in  thick- 
ness. I  regret  equally  with  your  Cor- 
respondent the  absence  of  a  scale  to 
the  engraving,  but  the  blame  will  not 
attach  to  me,  inasmuch  as  a  scale  was 
appended  to  the  drawing  which  ac- 
companied my  communication. 

I  cannot  agree  in  the  opinion  ex- 
pressed by  your  Correspondent,  that 
the  portions  D,  C,  formed  the  first 
Church,  A  and  B  having  been  subse- 
quently added, — without  indeed  the 
erection  of  the  lauer  followed  imme- 
diately upon  the  completion  of  the 
former,— and  my  reasons  are  as  follow. 

I.  From  the  uniform  thickness  of 
the  walls,— We  know  that  the  anti- 
(}oiiy  of  a  buiUiiig  may  generally  be 
inferred  frooi  the  quantity  of  materials 
consumed  in  its  formation,  the  oldest 


SOi 


PeterdwrcK 


walls  bdnfi;  immensely  siout  and 
strong,  having  withstood  the  ravages 
of  time  and  the  revolutions  of  kina- 
doms;  that  as  civilization  advanced, 
and  architecture  became  studied  as  a 
scitnce,  the  quantity  of  materials  used 
wa«  considerably  reduced,  the  support 
b^ng  nicely  and  duly  apportioned  to 
the  weight  it  had  to  bear.  In  the  pre- 
tent  fabric  no  distinction  of  this  kind 
can  be  made  between  the  chancel  and 
the  nave.  The  brushes  of  the  indus- 
trious whitewasher  within,  and  rough- 
caster  without,  prevent  a  more  minule 
examination  of  the  structure  of  these 
waHs. 

2.  From  the  similarity  of  the  style 
of  architecture  which  prevails  through- 
out every  part  of  the  edifice,  the  tower 
only    excepted. — The    main    charac- 
teristic of  the  chancel  is  its  semi-cir- 
cular work,  all  the  arches  being  of 
that  form.     It  is  entered  from  the 
aave  B,  under  a  lofly  semi-circular 
arch,— which  arch  is  now  walled  up, 
and  a  small  door  in  the  pointed  style 
inserted ;   all  the  windows   formerly 
were    loop-holes    with   stmi'mrcular 
heads,  altnough  only  three  of  them 
retain  their  original  shape  and  size. 
Now  we  find  in  the  nave  A,  B,  the 
same    prevailing  characteristic.    The 
two  apartments  communicate  under  a 
i€mi<ircuiar  arch ;  the  south  door  has 
a  ttmi'drcular  head,  and  is  enriched 
with  the  peculiar  ornaments  of  the 
Anglo-Saxon,   Norman,  and   Anglo- 
Norman  buildings;  four  of  the  win- 
dows are   tern-circular  arched  loop- 
holeSf  and  two  recesses  at  the  sides  of 
the  north  door  were  likewise  loop- 
holes,—these  correspond  even  in  ai- 
mensiona  to    those    in   the    chancel. 
Thus  the  strictest  uniformity  of  style 
h  perceptible  in  the  principal  features 
of  every  portion  of  this  building. 

East-Ham  and  Dunwich  Churches, 
adduced  as  examples  in  your  Corre- 
spondent's communication,  are  favour- 
able to  oiy  notion  ;  to  these  may,  per- 
haps, be  added  the  Church  of  Lasting- 
ham  in  Yorkshire.  The  Church  of 
Stewkeley,  co.  Buckingham,  is  in  the 
Norman  style,  and  has  three  square 
apartments,  the  middlemost  surmount- 
ed by  a  tower;  Iffley  Church,  co.  Ox- 
fordy  of  the  same  period,  is  similar  in 
plan.* 

May  not  the  high-altar  have  been 

situated  in  the  chancel  B?  and  that  B 

«  See  Britton*t~Architectural  Antiqui- 


[April, 

was  the  chancel,  or  a  part  of  it,  is  ob- 
vious, from  its  being  separated  from 
the  nave  by  the  rood-loft ;  C  and  D 
being  used  occasionally  in  the  same 
manner,  and  for  the  same  purposes,  as 
the  retro-choir  or  lady-chapel  of  our 
cathedral  and  collegiate  churches,  or 
for  the  celebration  of  obits. 

I  will  now  venture,  Mr.  Urban,  to 
offer  an  opinion  as  to  the  probable 
dates  of  the  several  parts  of  this  re- 
markable Church. 

The  four  apartments  were  built  at 
one  and  the  same  time,  and  may,  with 
the  font,  be  referred  to  the  eleventh 
century.  The  north  door  and  its  porch 
are  in  the  lancet-pointed  style,  which 
was  in  fashion  ouring  the  thirteenth 
century;  and  the  piscina,  under  the 
south-east  window  of  the  nave  A, — 
near  to  which  doubtless  was  founded 
an  alur, — is  perhaps  of  the  same  or  a 
little  later  date.  The  larger  windows, 
the  rood-loft  staircase,  lighted  by  a 
small  square-headed  opening,  the  door 
forming  the  communication  between 
C,  D,  and  the  tower,  cannot  be  assign- 
ed to  an  earlier  period  than  the  tif- 
tcenth  century.  The  spire  was,  I  be- 
lieve, put  up  in  the  year  1782. 

The  ancient  altar  is  a  curiosity.*  Al- 
tar-tables are  frequently  met  with  in 
our  old  churches,  not  occupying,  it  is 
true,  their  former  dignified  situations, 
hut  quite  as  usefully  appropriated  as 
paving  stones.  If  the  zeal  of  our  early 
reformers  had  extended  no  further  than 
removing  the  altars,  sacred  images,  and 
other  mummeries  of  the  Popish  reli- 
gion, we  should  have  but  little  cause 
to  complain ;  but  unfortunately  the 
truly  useful,  innocent,  and  ornamental 
labours  of  our  pious  ancestors  were 
neither  respected  nor  spared.  It  is  to 
be  hoped  the  ** liberalism'*  and  infi- 
delity of  modern  times,  will  not  tend  to 
the  utter  destruction  of  the  few  re- 
mains which  escaped  the  fury  of  the 
Reformation  and  the  Commonwealth. 
Yours,  &c.      William  Sawyer. 

ties,  vols.  II.  and  V.  Mr.  Fotbroke  consi- 
ders Stewkeley  Church  to  t>e  of  much 
greater  antiquity ;  Encyclopedia  of  Anti- 
quities, p.  90. 

*  In  the  Chapel  of  the  Pix,  Westminster, 
the  altar  is  still  in  existence ;  it  is  delineated 
by  the  lata  Mr.  J.  Carter,  and  described  In 
your  volt.  Lxxziv.  i.  p.  9,  and  zciii.  ii.  p. 
139,  and  in  tlie  Encyclopedia  of  Antkjui- 
ties.  See  also  Neale*s  Westminster  Abbey, 
vol.  II.  p.  f99. 


il' 


laaoo 


AMcUmi  Se4»U, 


Amciimt  Seals. 

THE  Seah  in  the  accomptnylng 
engraving  (Plaie  IL)  are  com- 
municated by  various  Corretpondenit. 
The  pariienlarly  handiome  and  well 
engraved  imprenion,  ^g.  i,  is  from  a 
perfectly  pieserfed  brats  matrix,  which 
was  found  about  the  last  day  of  the 
year  1828,  in  digging  a  wave  in  the 
church-yard  of  bootlkwell,  Notting- 
liamihif^.    lu  inscription. 


305 


conicctoicd,  may  have  bcea  knovpii 

in  that  caie  m  have  the  feboi  Sf  W 
maiden  complete. 


S'rct  the  name  of  its  quondam  taste- 
I  pfoprieior.    The  family  of  *'  Ryg. 
maydeo,  of  Lincolnshire/*  bore  for 
arms,    tayi   Edmondsoo,     "  Argent, 
three  bucks'  heads  caboased  Sable."  • 
The  coat  quartered  with  this  on  the 
seal,  a  chevron  between  three  mulleu, 
is  a  bearing  common  lo  so  many  an- 
cient families,  that  without  a  know- 
ledge  of  the  Rygmayden  pedigree  it 
would  be  impossible  to  appropriate  it. 
The  female  figure  which  forms  to 
important   a    feature  of   the  .seal  ia 
doubtless    allusive    to    the    aunume. 
i  he  mmiden  is  attired  in  one  of  iImm 
sumptuous  horn   head-dresses,  which 
had  so  long  a  reign  among  the  iathioas 
of  feoMle  costume.    A  lady  with  both 
head-dress  and  gown  of  similar  form  it 
the  third  figure  in  Sirntt's  CXIXth 
plate  of  Dresses,  copied  from  a  book  of 
romances  presented  to  Queen  Cathe- 
rine of  Arragon.  Our  maiden  hat  also 
the  fashionable  appendage  of  a  lapdog. 
The  helmet  wnich  she  holds  upon  a 
sword,  and  which  b  surmounted  by  a 
niiicom's  head  as  a  crest,  is  nearly  si- 
milar to  one  worn  by  a  knight  (assign- 
ed to  the  date  1518)  in  the  LIXih  pfite 
of  Df,  Meyrick's  Armour,  and  which 
is  there  described  at  a  "  pondrous  tilt- 
iiw  helmet"    The  ring  which  hangs 
in  front  wet  to  steady  it,  by  being  fas- 
tened to  the  breast- plate. 

Behind  the  figure  will  be  perceived 
a  fence  made  of  hurdles;  this,  it  is 

*  Thaie  was  anoUicr  fkasily  of  this  liogu- 
lar  mmm  seated  at  Waddnr  ia  LuMatljire, 
who  bars  fcr  arsu,  Sable,  three  boeki' 
haadst  mboBSfd  Argeati  aad  for  eresl,  a 
bHek'a   hmd  ansad  Sable.     Tlie   nana, 

U  la   perhaps  aoi 

ctiaei.    Ii  oaaen  aner  ia  the  alaMil 

aT  this  Maoaiiaa,  la  vol 

■e  fiaddat  Mr. 


UCOE.  L   1M» 


i-^tSi  _ 

p;ihadhtesairinaeaetfa«affAiiStialqDa,         t  PtjiJt'a  JiSe^tou, 
-DaeaabarlMe.  vol.V.B.l6ft.     ' 

Gt!iT.  Map.  Amil.  1888. 

3 


The  silver  teal,  of  tipiliieh  ^g.  %  re- 
presento  an  impraiaiob,  wtm  toMid  lb 
March  18W,  amoog  aoirie  rabhMi  at 
Southemh^.    Its  intoripiion,  i 

A.  fW  i|8nf  ifiif  9ti8i*  iwiir. 

fu^ii*  *o  fc«y  been  the  lee!  of  bii. 
tftw  Thome.  Oeiie,  prior  of  filter. 
Thii  Thomat  Dene  wat  tuperior  cf 

called  the  old  Abbeys  in  1488,  tni  i 
pretumed  to  Jiaee  bean  the  la«t  that 
presided  over  it.  King  Hcniy  VI.  het^ 
in^  Mippressed  the  eooveni  aa  anaJiai 
pnory,  and  appropriated  iu  revenoea  to 

i;?*'^2«*"  orKing'aCoII.Cambr.t 
His  ani  aflords  us  an  excellent  repw- 
jentMion  of  his  patron  saint,  James  the 
\^,^™,  bis  robe  of  rough  hair, 
ii»  pUgniki  a  tuff  and  hat,  bis  wallet 
atrong  on  hit  left  arm,  and  a  book  ia 
ait  hand.  ._ 

Ar.aliaa  been  communicated  be 
Uf.  bUian  of  Winchetter;  and  mm 

4M  Mr.  JKnigbl  of  iJmu  city.  It  b  an 
anuque  red  oon^eliaii  tet  in  silver*  witk 
^  small  no^  above  the  head  of  the  fi- 
gure by  which  it  might  be  suapaiided.. 
As  the  inscription,  eieiLLVM  8BCRsri» 
informa  ut  il  waa  a  tecretum  or  privy 
aignet,  we  nuiy  eondode  it  to  have 
been  the  proper^  of  one  of  those  di». 
nified  eccleaiastiet,  of  whom  to  HMnV 

^e«  •n^ico«iy  mident  within  tlie 
waJltofWNichetter. 

The  tolgect  of  the  anu'qoe  nem  ia 
probably  a  figure  of  Cerea.  She  bcara 
two  eara  of  corn  in  her  right  hand,  and 
apparently  hat  a  wreath  of  the  same  on 
her  head.  On  her  left  hand  she  holds 
upright  something  not  very  defioedp 
but  perhaps  it  may  answer  to  the 
••  cup,  vase,  or  patera,"  with  which 

t  Id  Buley't  Englith  Dictknary  oeoan 
this  dsfiaWaa.  "A  Rig  [«f  nM  L. 

wilf  aeiapplj  tp  tl^  dsBsalMrtlie  ssal  ayah 

(masWaiM  MitfnlB,  hrt  it  nasi  be  alkMied 
im  fir.  BaBsy  prasldss  a  vaiy  prahaUe 
f^Mkor  W  «Us  at  Irsi  ttraaga-toudlM 
aaaw.    We  sCffl  mrin  tba  teibr  jIuMe 

yout   apMa 


•80m 


Jncient  Seals  and  MisctlUmwui  Antiquities. 


[Apra, 


Ceret  was  sometimes  repreietiled.  * 
Below  b  what  appears  to  be  a  beetle, 
but  a  fractiire  in  the  stone  near  it  has 
rendered  it  incomplete. 

Ftg.  4  is  the  seal  of  an  ancient  es- 
tablishment at  Hoddesdon  in  Hertford- 
shire, which  does  not  appear  to  be  no- 
ticed by  the  Coonty  Historians,  nor  by 
any  other  writer.  The  figures  repre- 
sented are  mentioned  in  the  mscription: 

(ftiofnttm  WpiMii  .^ancti  cTement' 

Saint  Clement,  as  he  was  a  nope,  is 
depicted  in  ihe  Golden  Le^ncl  with  a 
tiara ;  and  an  anchor  in  his  hand  be- 
cause he  was  drowned  with  one  tied 
about  his  neck.  In  the  present  in- 
sunce  he  holds  in  his  right  hand  the 
iau-cross  with  which  St.  Anthony  is 
generally  drawn ;  and  a  book  in  his 
fefi :  the  symbol  of  the  anchor  is  placed 
below  the  figure. 

St.  Loe  or  Eloy  is  habited  in  episco- 
^1  robes,  and  holds  up  the  two  fore- 
fingers of  his  right  hand  in  the  cus- 
tomary form  of  benediction.  This 
saint  was  a  blacksmith  ;  he  has  a  ham- 
mer in  his  led  hand,  and  below  him  a 
horseshoe.  A  singular  bas-relief  re- 
presenting Saint  Loe,  Loy,  or  Louis, 
shoeing  tne  detached  leg  of  a  horse, 
while  the  poor  animal  waits  at  the 
door  on  his  three  remaining  limbs,  is 
engraved  in  our  rol.  xlyii.  p.  4l6,  and 
ehietdated  in  our  vol.  xciv.  ii.  IS(),  sgO. 

Both  saints  have  a  radius  or  glory 
round  their  heads. 

Fig,  5  is  the  impression  of  a  brass 
feeat  which  was  dug  up  a  few  years  ago 
near  Framlingham.  it  is  supposed  by 
our  Correspondent  D.  A.  Y.  to  repre- 
•ent  the  gateway  of  Framlingham  Cas- 
tle, and  the  initials  VO*  b.  may  mean 
William  Brekeston,  who  was  Ward- 
robe keeper  1  Edw.  III.  The  letter 
j^  within  the  doorway  perhaps  stands 
for  Seneschal lus. 

Fig.  6  is  a  representation  of  a  brass 
reKc,  which  was  found  beneath  the 
paTement  of  Minster  Church,  Thanet. 
Its  length,  including  the  moveable  ring, 
IS  four  inches,  and  breadth  across  the 
legend  one  and  a  half;  its  thickness  is 
about  two-eighths  of  an  inch,  and  its 
weight  three  and  a  half  ounces.  The 
back  is  flat  and  perfectly  plain.  The 
two  holes  perforated   near  the  extre- 

*  FotbrokeN  Encyclopedit  of  Antiquities, 
p.  140. 


mity,  and  which  are  matched  by  two 
in  the  under  plate  of  brass,t  were  in- 
tended, it  is  presumed,  to  secure  the 
end  of  a  leathern  belt  or  girdle ;  and 
the  ring  makes  it  probable  that  it  was 
that  end  which  was  attached  to  the 
sword.  Another  ornament  similar  to 
this  in  most  particulars,  except  the 
ring,  was  engraved  in  our  number  for 
October  1818,  p.  305.  It  has  the  same 
sacred  monogram  \W ;  but  appears 
of  more  modern  workmanship.  In 
Stothard's  "Monumental  Effigies,'*  it 
will  he  seen  that  the  pendant  end  of 
the  girdle  of  a  figure  in  Willoughby 
Church,  Nottinghamshire,  terminates 
with  the  device  of  the  Virgin  and 
Child,  over  which  is  inscribed  1W*. 
The  person  represented  is  in  a  civil 
habit;  but  that  it  was  also  usual  to 
place  the  same  holy  name  on  portions 
of  military  costume,  may  be  seen  in 
the  same  work  on  the  top  of  the  sword 
scabbard,  attached  to  the  effigy,  sup- 
nosed  to  be  that  of  Sir  Robert  Grus- 
nill,  at  Hoveringham  in  Norfolk. 


Mr.  Urban,  March  8. 

ISENDyou  drawings  Cfig''  7  ond  8) 
which  I  have  received  from  Ireland, 
of  an  earthen  vessel,  discovered  within 
one  of  those  circular  entrenchments 
popularly  termed  *'  Danish  Forts.**  It 
was  transmitted  to  me  in  a  letter  from 
Doonc  Glebe  in  the  County  of  Lime- 
rick, with  the  following  particulars. 

"A  few  years  since  a  Mr.  While, 
who  lives  somewhere  in  the  moun- 
tains ill  this  neii^hbourhood,  caused  a 
Danish  fort  to  be  levelled,  and  at  about 
14  feet  from  the  surface  of  the  ground  a 
chamber  was  discovered.  In  it  were 
found  several  silver  coins,  res(>ecting 
which  I  could  obtain  no  particulars; 
a  spur,  said  to  be  of  gold,  and  at  pre- 
sent in  the  possession  of  Mr.  White; 
and  several  jars,  one  of  which  only 
was  preserved  by  the  workmen.  Of 
this,  the  annexed  drawing  is  a  correct 
representation.  It  was  given  by  Mr. 
White  to  the  Rev.  Charles  Coote,  and 
is  composed  of  mottled  sione  ware,  of 
a  light  brown  colour.  It  height  it 
seven  inches,  and  the  greatest  circom* 
ference  sixteen  inches.  The  jars  are 
stated  to  hai'e  been  of  various  ODloars ; 

f  There  is  also  in  the  baek  pbta  a  round 
hole  into  the  losenge-thaped  part,  whieh  is 
hollow,  bot  distinct  frooi  the  other.  Ife 
does  not  appear  whether  thb  hole 
for  any  pur|NMe  or  )»}*  aecident* 


isaa] 


Chunk  of  8t  EnsicM  mi  Park. 


Sd? 


one  in  partieulvr,  which  was  dettioyed 
bj  ihe  falling  in  of  the  earth,  it  de^ 
•cribcd  at '  a  most  beautiful  rojral  fmr* 

8je  Tate  of  600  china.*  In  a  bog  called 
[iloioylany  not  far  distant,  a  tword 
handle  of  pure  gold  waa  reported  to 
have  been  Jog  up,  bat  I  waa  unable  to 
Iraro  what  had  become  of  ii."* 

Youff,  8rc.  T.  C.  C. 

M r.  U  RBA N ,  Paris ,  April  8. 

THOSI*i  who  derive  any  satisfac- 
tion from  inspecting  the  memo^ 
liali  of  other  days,  will  certainly  be 
disappointed  on  visiting  the  Churches 
of  trance.  In  the  most  obscure  £ng- 
lisli  tillage,  the  archsological  wau« 
derer  will  alway*  find  some  monument 
calculated  to  interest  him,  either  from 
ihe  remoieneas  of  its  date,  or  the  re- 
collections it  excites.  The  gravestones 
and  mural  tablets  form  a  species  of  lo- 
cal history; — a  history,  it  is  true,  which 
is  seldom  free  from  hiaius,  but  which 
is  still  sufficient  to  give  a  correct  ac- 
count of  ihe  princi|Mil  men  who  have 
resided  in  the  neighbourhood,  ei  ceie* 
brairt  domdtiicaJacfQ, 

In  France  the  Churches  have  been 
8trip)>ed  of  those  omamvnis.  The  re- 
voluiiooarv  demagogues  were  afraid  of 
such  continual,  though  silent  appeala 
to  the  feelings  of  the  people ;  and  every 
thinf(  which  perpetuated  the  memory 
of  king,  noble,  or  priest,  was  destroy- 
ed. A  few  monuments,  howeter,  are 
still  to  be  met  with;  apparent  rari 
uaaii't  tH  gurgiU  voi/a.  1 11  some  cases 
they  have  been  resiorecl,  while  in 
others  they  wcte  spared  by  the  de- 
stroyer. 

bt.  Eustache  ia  one  of  the  principal 
(^hurdles  of  Paris,  and,  from  the  ap|>car- 
ance  of  ihe  walls,  it  seems  to  have  had 
a  roiisiclerahle  number  of  monuments 
before  ilie  Uevoluiion.  The  Church 
is  u  fine  building;  the  outside  lias  been 
left  unfinifthed  ;  but  the  inside  is  lofty, 
and  havinc  double  ai»lfs  formed  by 
Gothic  columns,  the  effect  isvery  guod. 
Besides  some  fMiiotingb  and  relics,  this 
Church  posseik«ea  three  aKmuments 
worthy  of  notice. 

The  first  has  heep  erected  to  the 
BiciDory  of  the  great  Colbert,  who  it 
lepresented  kneeling  on  a  sarcopha* 
gut.  'inhere  ia  no  other  macripiioo 
than  "  Jkak  Baptistb  Colbbat,  mU 
nistre  d'dut,  nion  en  1683.'* 

The  second  ia  «  moral  tablet,  with 
the  following  epitaph :  • 

•'  C  7  -it  Franroii  ^9  Clicvfrt gou- 


vtfM«rdaGlvalatCharlaaM*l|  LiaiiiBMUit 

Ga&aml  dts  mnaim Sum  •jftusy 

saiM  fortaaa,  saas  appoy,  orpharm  d)te  fas* 
hDOh  11  tMra  au  serrtflt  k  Taga  da  11  «■• 
II  a'aUva  Bulgr^  ftavia,  k  feroa  da  aMiilsi 
ft  chaoiia  grade  fiit  la  prix  d'aoa  adioa  d'^ 
dat.  Ls  ieni  titre  da  Mtr^ehal  da  FiaMf 
a  nuoqu^,  aoo  pas  k  sa  gloiia,  Buda  k  Taa^ 
ample  d«  ctax  qui  Is  preadront  pour  modelib 
II  ^toit  D^  I  VerduD-tur-Mense,  la  d  Favricr 
1695 ;  U  moarut  k  Plsrif  le  24  Jni/hr  t7l&, 
PHea  Diea  pour  h  repot  da  son  kaia.** 

This  monument  has  been  defaced* 
and  probably  would  hav^  diaappeaiadg 
had  not  the  inscription  coiuainad  a  999 
proof  of  the  old  regime.  The  wonii 
du  ray  have  evidently  followed  mrmtft^ 
and  aa  the  tablet  ia  sormoootcd  wilb 
a  boat  of  Chevert,  who  is  decoraUd 
with  the  order  of  the  Si.  Esprii,  U  il 
presumable  that  he  had  some  citlaa 
which  were  recited  after  hia  namt* 
and  occupied  two  lines,  which  hava 
been  obliterated. 

The  third  monument  is  a  itablH  of 
black  Diarble,  with  an  iiiicripiion 
stating,  thM>  on  the  26ih  of  Aprili 
I697i  the  second  Sunday  after  Eatlaff^ 
the  Church  having  been  rebuilt,  waa 
conseci^atcd  by  Goodi,  Archbi|l)op.of 
Paris,  hi  the  presence  of  the  Presiiknt 
.Seguier,  &c.  &c.  The  inscription  fpry 
iher  promises  indulgence  to  those  who 
may  in  future  atfend  the  anniversary 
service  on  the  second  Sunday  aft^r 
Easter.  It  appear*  that  thir  tablet 
was  lost  for  some  lime;  and,  being  dis- 
covered in  I8t0,  was  replaced  wtlH 
solemnity. 

While  addressing  ymi  upon  the  mio^ 
numents  of  the  Parisian  Churchet,  il 
may  not  be  misplatred  to  meokioti  a 
Greek  inscription  over  the  htmiitf  oT 
the  Church  des  FetiU  Phret ;  you  wilf 
observe  that  it  can  be  read  back  warda.* 

N*4«r  ave/ttn/MiTa,  fm  lAOKLf  o>)4v« 
Ahhte  peccata,  non  Malamfadewu 
Yours,  &c.  W.  S.  Vk 

P.  S.  I  am  far  from  wishing  to  dis^ 
mite  tbe  correcuiesaof  Mr.  W.  HortMf 
Lloyd,  whose  statement  (p.  194)  :ia 
moreorer  corroborated  by  yoar  Oklbrd 
Correspondent^  J.  1. ;  but  whaiere^ 
the  Dominicana  were  called  in  Ext^ 
land,  the  French  lexicographers  repiv* 
sent  the  terms  Jacobin,  Vomimemm; 
aod  IFkiie  FHar^  as  aynouymoua.  A\ 
tbeaaoM  line,  1  am  aware  thai,  the 
Carmelilci^  Cbanreox^  Miniinca,  aod 

<'i"'~  111  .!■  ..  ;■■!  ■»■/ 

*  Tha  tatfit  at  freqiieBtlv  occurs  in  Eaig* 
laad  i  set  uur  «ul.  xcv.  ii.  j,  \o\,  39.'. 


Stray  Thaughti  tm  La^'gvage,  Nq.  V. 


9M 


ocbcn,  mtf  alio  CDnikltred 
hUma.  Neither  will  I  yemure  to  mf 
that  the  DomioicaQt  did  not  wear 
black  in  England,  becawa  the  dreat  of 
monki  was  oocaaionallj  changed,  as 
appears  by  the  ''Recoeil  de  tons  les 
Costumes  des  Ordras  Religieox,"  b^ 
the  P.  Bar,  Paris,  1778  ;  and  Moreri, 
hi  the  articles  Carmts  and  Barris,  In 
Fnmde,  howerer,  the  ooly  difierence 
between  the  dieas  of  the  Uomtnicans 
and  that  of  the  Carmelites  was  this : 
the  Carmelites  wore  a  black  robe  with 
a  white  tanic,  while  the  Dominicans 
had  a  white  robe  and  a  black  tnnic. 
This  I  have  been  informed  of  by  seve- 
ral persons  who  were  aduU  before  the 
Revolatiort,  and  particularly  by  the 
lattt  Bishop  of  St.  Flour,  with  whom 
I  had  some  conversation  upon  the  mo- 
nastic orders  of  F^ance,  a  few  months 
before  his  decease.  A(\ter  all,  the  on- 
tjnal  subject  of  discussion  related  to 
English,  or  rather  Scotch  monks,  and 
thchrefbre  the  phxluctiOn  of  French  au- 
thority is  only  intended  to  show  that 
the  assertion  was  not  thooshtlessly 
haaarded.  W.S.B. 

Stkat  Thoughts  on  Lavguagb 

AVD  LXTBRATORB«— Na  V. 

XXXVI.  rpHE  difierence  of  Byron 
J.  from  his  forerunners 
in  what  may  be  called  his  epics,  **  The 
Bride  of  Abydos,'*  <<  Corsair,"  ftc.  is 
best  shown  by  example.  In  the  poem 
of  Maae ppa,  speaking  of  King  Charles 
of  Sweden's  escape  from  the  6eld  of 
battle,  after  ''dread  Pultowa's  day,** 
he  says, 

**  His  hont  fell  dead^and  Gieta  save 
HUown-      " 


fApiit, 


•* 


Here,  a^eably  to  the  practice  of  Ho- 
mer, Virgil  and  Tasso,  and  the  theo- 
ries^ of  their  critics,  we  should  have  a 
beautiful  description  of  Gieta*s  horse 
and  all  its  trappiugs.  How  does  By- 
wn  finish  the  line  ? — 


«( 


•ad  datd  tbt  Rusmmi's  slave- 


»• 


These  lines  are  perhaps  the  two  6nest 
!■  his  iMTorks. 

XXXVII.  The  beauty  of  German 
is  ita  dictionary,  iu  reproach  the  graa»^ 
mar;  with  English  it  is  just  the  re- 
Tcrse.  When  we  have  once  mastered 
the  German  grammar,  the  remainder 
Mencially  apcaking)  i*  all  delishtfult 
Mi  English  wf  are  oootinuallrliaviiig 
Ml  ears  shocked  by  individual  words. 
Fnmi  this  results^  however j  thai  while 


a  Gierman  aenttnee  caniiot  be  written 
which  will  not  eahibtt  some  deicet  of 
language,  we  may  by  a  carefb^seleetioit 
of  words,  write  whole  hooks  Hi  Ens-' 
lish  almost  absolutely  perfect  in  this 
respect.  The  most  beautiful  langua^ 
on  the  face  of  the  earth  is  that  in 
which  Mrs.  Hemans  writes  her  poenas. 

Pierhapa  the  very  striking  beauty  of 
our  grammar  ma^  be  principally  ow- 
ins  to  the  deformity  of  our  dictionary. 
Acyectives  taken  from  such  different 
sources  as  onrs,  could  not  well  be  re-' 
dnced  to  aiiy  one  form  of  declension, 
«-4ience  their  total  freedom  from  any 
such  shackles,  and  so  on  with  the 
other  parts  of  speech.  In  language* 
comparatively  pure,  such  as  the  Greek 
and  German,  tne  grammar  is  in  gene- 
ral horribly  absurd  and  difficnit. 

XXXVlII.  One  of  the  commonest 
foreign  words  with  whidi  our  writers 
are  accustomed  to  deform  their  English 
composition  it  the  Italian  rifocimentoi 
or,  as  some  erroneously  write  it,  rf/kc- 
eiamenio.  We  have  an  English  word 
which  will  answer  quite  as  well,  re^ 

There  is  a  singular  instanee  of  eare-< 
lessness  in  Sir  Vr  alter  Scott's  new  His- 
tory of  Scotland,  published  in  Dr; 
Lardner's  Cabinet  C^cbpssdia.  Si# 
Walter,  wishing  to  coin  a  new  word 
answering  to  the  Latin  rtptkut  intro^ 
duces  the  strange  abortion  kinglei. 
Sir  Walter  ought  to  know  that  thi^ 
diminutive  can  only  be  applied  to  inJ 
animate  objects  as  brooklti  and  river^ 
Ui  (or,  as  it  is  more  commonly  writ-^ 
ten,  rivuiei).  The  proper  phrase  for 
what  he  wishes  to  express  it  kingling.  ' 

Our  grandames  used  to  say  spoon" 
JklU;  hux  the  present  generation  is,  I 
am  afraid,  in  dan^r  of  being  "  fright- 
ed from  its  jpropnety/'  by  the  numer- 
ous tribe  of  wrongneaded  scribes  by 
whom  it  has  of  late  been  so  frequently 
asserted  that  the  proper  expression  is 
spoons fuL  What,  however,  can  be 
plainer  than  that  the  word  spoonfuU  is 
a  subsuntive,  meaning  a  sutticient 
quantity  to  fill  a  spoon,  and  that  in 
conaequenee  iu  proper  plural  is  spoon^ 
JulU.  To  talk  about  a  /ew  spomtf/kt; 
a  ttreat  numv  spoon^l,  is  absurd }  and 
what  would  be  more  ludiciooa  thari 
when  ulking  of  a  single  individual,  to 
say  that  ''unfortunately  he  tumbled 
into  the  Thames,  and  bafora  he  eoold 
be  uken  out,  had  swallowod  a  great 
many  NWHtf Af|%//  of  water.** 

XXXIX.    The  languages  that  can 


lAM.] 


$irm§  TkaughU  m  Ltmguage,  No.  V. 


909 


rite  the  higheii  in  point  of  style  art 
alto  aubjtci  to  sink  tna  lowcat,  Latin 
it  the  one  that  hat  th«  grcatctt  twing  i 
French  the  leatL  uiitn  it  conae- 
cjucntly  the  language  the  leatt  fitted 
tor  acientific  workt,  to  which  it  hat 
bcca  80  long  mittakenly  applied.  It 
doca  not  follow^  however,  that  French 
it  the  mott,  becaote,  ih<Ni«h  the  gram* 
mar  of  that  language  may  be  well  fitted 
for  tuch  a  uorpote,  iu  dictionary  it  ill, 
the  tcientinc  termt  being  taken  from 
another  language,  and  the  porerty  of 
French  compounda  precluding  tha 
potaibility  of  any  alteration  in  this  re- 
tpect.  In  German  thete  tcientifie 
lermt  are  taken  from  iu  own  ttoret, 
but  itt  complicated  grammar  givet  that 
lan^a^  a  facility  of  invertion,  which, 
while  It  ofieo  cnablet  itt  authort  to 
reach  the  topmott  pinnacle  of  the  tub- 
lime,  ttill  ofiener  leadt  ihem  to  become 
obtcure,  and  even  unintelligible.  Enjf^- 
lith,  through  the  timplichy  of  lU 
grammar,  would,  if  itt  tcientifie  termt 
vrere  telf-derivcH,  at  in  German  (and 
nothing  hut  the  obttinacy  of  Englith 
authort  prerentt  it),  become  the  bett 
calculated  in  the  world  for  the  com- 
munication of  knowledge  in  a  plain 
and  easy  manner. 

Galiftr,  in  the  curiout  ettay  in  which 
he  altempit  to  prove  that  Latin  it  de- 
rived from  Riittiaii  (it  may  be  found 
extracted  in  the  latt  volume  of  the  Old 
Seriet  of  the  New  Monthly  Magazine), 
mainuint  that  the  Latin  nii^ef,  a 
cloud,  comet  from  the  Ruttian  keto 
(nebo)  "heaven."  Thit  teemt  ab- 
turd  at  first  tight,  but  iti  improba- 
bility it  lettened,  when  we  find  that 
in  S%vedith  the  word  tkv  means  cloud, 

XL.  In  a  review  of  Copt.  Hall's 
Travels  in  No.  45  of  that  clever  work, 
fhe  North  American  Review,  we  find 
the  following  pattaget : 

•<  Wkili  at  Ntw  York,  Cape  Hdl  Tttiwd 
the  bigk  tehool  for  girit,  aiid  whiU  tbcrt, 
oo  beiog  appaalad  to  on  the  tabject  of  read- 
isr,  tBtend  iato  am  trgoawot  vith  the 
•cnoolaiBtTMs  oo  tha  prooanciation  of  tha 
worth  comfaf  and  ekivaby*  Tha  little  girls, 
it  teens,  had  proaouaced  the  o  ia  the  ^ni 
word  like  e  ia  cmwiwree,  aad  the  dk  ia  chi- 
valry fdDt  tk.  Caplab  Hall  very  properly 
aad  correctly  bfcntad  her  chat  ia  EdgWad 
Ae  o  ia  the  word  ia  quttrton  waa  proaouao* 
ad  nka  thoit  v,  Mliaf,  aad  the  db  at  la 
dMa,  and  that  suah  waa  tha  pronoaoiatien 
of  Walkiff't  Dictieoafy. 
-  **  Iw  a  tabaaq— t  paiS  of  thia  work  Op* 
tiio  Hall  relates  tha  subetanaa  of  a  coovar- 
which  ha  held  with  Mr.  Naah  Wriit- 


tar,  ia  which  that  gaatlaasan  slated  that  in 
refermce  to  words  praoooBcad  diflafaatly  ia 
tha  two  eooatrias,  '  ha  wodd  adopt  that 
pmaaaeiatioB  whieh  waa  bmmI  coasaatat  to* 
the  principles  of  tba  Ea^fiA  ]nfmn.  For 
esaaple,  voa  b  Enghnd  say  emoalry,  wa 
as  geoeralfy  say  xAnwiry,  bat  I  shoaU  car- 
taialy  give  it  aecording  to  the  first  wav,  aa 
Bsora  coBsisteot  with  the  prindpla  or  the 
Isagoage.  •  •  •  •  Mr.  Webstar,  li 
seeoM,  thiaks  that  ia  ^ertca  dt^f  is  pr^ 
nooocwd  derff  aad  Rivalry  Is  moouaead ' 
tknairy.  We  diffw  at  lo  the  net  la  both 
oaaas,  or  father  oar  eaperieaca  is  diiVsraai 
froas  Mr.  WebaCn't  aspariaoee.  If  oar  aaia 
do  not  mislead  at,  bodi  these  words  are 
genarally  pronooaeed  by  good  sptakers  in 
Aowrica  as  they  aia  in  Eaglaad." 

It  it  obterved,  in  another  port  of  thb 
tame  Review^  that  it  it  a  very  hard 
matter  lo  decide  quettlont  of  pronun« 
ciation ;  and  thit  it  a  notable  intunce 
of  the  truth  of  the  remark.  The  writer 
of  thete  <'  Stray  Thooghu'*  hat  never 
been  out  of  England,  and  hat  mottly 
retided  in  the  capiul  |  yet  he  hat  more, 
frequently  heard  the  word  coastal  pro* 
noanced  with  the  o,  aa  in  coamrrcr, 
than  otherwite ;  and  it  hat  never  oc*. 
coned  to  htm  to  hear  the  fint  two  letteia 
of  ektvalry  tounded  otherwite  tlum  «A. 
Who  it  to  decidel 

XLI.  What  at  preaenl  aeemt  moat 
wmnted  in  the  language,  it  a  jodiciooa« 
ettay  on  the  manner  of  formmg  com- 
pouodt.  It  it  bare  ignorance  on  thia- 
tobject  which  hat  deformed  our  mother^ 
En|lith  with  half  the  tcientifie  bar*' 
baritma  which  disgrace  iia  dictionary.. 
When  we  obaerve  that  by  merely  at- 
taching a  prepotitioa  to  a  tobttanlive,' 
we  have  it  in  oor  power  to  form  ait 
elegant  adjective,  at  in  tha  caae  of 
underground,  abovegroundp  Sec.  we  may 
well  wonder  why  we  thoold  find  io 
our  Englith  bookt,  tuba^mamu  for 
underwater,  tubmmine  for  underseu, 
gubarenaceoui  for  undertand,  tubeorlkal 
for  underbark,  and  hundredt  of  othert, 
as  bad  and  at  indefentible.  Whyalto^' 
when,  by  timply  attaching  a  prrpoaitioil 
to  a  verb,  we  can  form  toch  expreitaive 
words  at  omieusi,  offkum,  aad  oilicfo 
of  the  tame  kind,  do  we  aufier  tho. 
wretched  detm  to  be  creeping  into  our 
dictionarica,  in  plaee  of  the  Ibrcibltt 
offbrMd,  whioh,  while  d!r6rt«  it  inc 
variable,  might,  aa  the  caaa  altered,  ha 
ohaiMed  for  as^WuA,  aj^tenme,  offdnm^ 
or  fiAj  other  termt,  equally  MreiUa 
and  pbid.  Oar  language  eacala  e««» 
German  in  the  power  of  formiflig 
naiMt,  at  once  ddcriptivc  of  the  fe 


310 


The  Seal  of  Evesham  Abbey  Illusiraiedm 


[April, 


and  the  use  of  ini  piemen  ta,  such  as 
walkingsiick  and  tpeaking^irumpei. 

XLlI.  The  distinction  of  who  and 
which  is  a  great  blemish  on  our  lan- 
guage, as  it  introduces  all  the  absurd 
nonsense  of  genders  into  our  relative 
pronouns,  where  it  is  wholly  unne- 
cessary. The  dissertation  in  Murray's 
"  Grammar*'  about  whether  it  is  the 
proper  mode  oF  expression  to  say,  the 
boy  who,  or  ihe  hoy  which,  reminds  us 
of  the  worst  parts  of  German.  In  an 
old  translation  of  Dupin*8  *'  Historical 
Library,"  which  1  have  seen,  the  words 
who  and  whom  are  each  carefully  re- 
jected, and  which  always  substituted, 
wherever  they  would,  according  locus- 
torn,  occur,  liappy  would  ii  have  been 
if,  by  a  general  conspiracy  of  authors, 
to  follow  the  example  there  set  them, 
these  hateful  mouosyllnbles  bad  been 
banished  from  the  language. 

XLIIl.  Perhaps  iaoiiynas  been  one 
of  the  principal  causes  of  the  great  im- 
portation of  Latin  into  English,  just  at 
II  has  come  into  fashion  to  quote  books 
as  penes  me,  because  the  Latin  ex- 
pression leaves  it  in  doubt  whether 
the  writer  has  the  book  in  his  pos- 
session, or  can  merely  borrow  it  from 
a  friend,  or  see  it  in  some  library  to 
which  he  has  access.  So  the  conve- 
nient Latin  termination,  arium,  or,  aa 
we  have  it,  ary,  seems  to  have  been 
introduced  into  the  language  to  spare 
vanity  and  pride  the  pain  of  a  loo-ctose 
explanation,  which  our  rude  Saxon 
might  otherwise  extort.  A  man  may 
talk  to  us  of  his  library,  who,  if  he  had 
only  our  ancient  language  to  resort  to, 
would  be  forced  to  give  us  a  more  defi- 
nite notion  of  his  lesources,  by  specify- 
ing whether  he  were  in  possession  of  a 
hook'haU,  a  book-room,  a  took-closci,  or 
merely  some  book-thelves,      A.  C.C. 


I 


..     TT  British  Muteum, 

Mr.  Urban,  ^,^^  ^^ 

AM  induced  to  trouble  you  with  a 
few  lines  in  illustration  of  the  Seal 
of  Evesham  Abbey,  in  consequence  of 
my  having  lately  had  occasion  to  ex- 
amine an  ancient  impression  of  it, 
preserved  in  the  British  Museum» 
which  has  hitherto  escaped  the  notice 
of  those  gentlemen  who  have  written 
on  the  lubject.  It  may,  perhaps,  be 
unnecessary  to  remind  your  readers, 
that  this  Seal  has  been  engraven  at  least 
fmtr  timet;  vix.  in  Nash's  •«  Hist,  of 
Woccesterahire ;"  in  Tindar*  "  Hist,  of 
Evethaai ;"  in  the  new  edition  of  «•  The 
Monasticoni"  and  in  the  xi.x.  vol.  of 


the  ''  Archeologia."  With  regMd  19 
the  interpretations  offered  in  the  thice 
first  of  these  publicaliont,  I  may  be 
permitted  to  |)ast  them  in  tilence,  ex« 
cept  with  an  irretistible  inclinatton  to> 
smile  at  the  <*  learned  ingenoity"  that 
could  convert  words,  to  plain  ia  their 
meanins,  into  an  unintelligible  Icfpnid, 
rendered  more  obscure  by  the  com» 
mentary  intended  to  illottrate  it  I  It 
was  reserved  for  the  inpnuity  of  Mr. 
Hamper  to  explain,  with  better  tuc* 
cess,  this  "  crux  antiquariorum,*'  and 
it  only  excites  my  surprise,  that,  with 
perfect  impressions  oi  the  Seal  before 
nim,  and  with  a  just  knowledge  of 
the  mode  in  which  the  inscriptions 
ought  to  be  read,  he  should  yet  have 
hxitd  wholly  to  accomplish  this  point. 
The  English  inscription  on  the  obverse 
of  the  Seal  is  thus  eiven  in  the  works 
above  quoted.  By  Kash,  "  Wore."  i. 
396: 

OD  vesHe .  veNGTie .  ait  .  was  , 

SWIN  .  CORLIMGN  .  CLei-eT. 
VIS  .  60VISH0M. 

Explained  thus : — Eoveshe  servus  apud 
insulam  Ait  erat  porcorum,  rustici  ho- 
mines vocant  hanc  Eovesi  hahitationem  f 
ByTindal,  p.  142,  who  thinks  Dr.  N.'s 
account  so  clear  and  minute  as  to  re- 
quire no  further  research,  the  same 
interpretation  is  adopted,^  with  the 
addition  of  an  English  verMoii !  By 
the  author  of  the  communication  to 
''  The  Monatticon,"  ii.  pi.  1,  p.  I3,  at 
follows : 

EOVES  .  HER  .  WENKDB  .  MIT  .  WAS  . 
SWIN  .  ECGWIN  .  CLBPET  .  VIC  . 
EOVZSHOM. 

Explained,  Eoves  here  wended  with.hU 
swine,  Ecgwin  named  [itl  Fie  Eovi- 
shorn  I  Lastly,  by  Mr.  Hamper,  iir 
"  The  Archa^olog.  *  xix.  p.  &J,  in  tho 
following  manner: 

BOVES  .  HER  .  WOKBOE  .  ANT  .  WAS  . 
SWON  .  FOR  .  )|l  .  MEN  .  CLEPET  .  f  18  • 
BOVESHOM^ 

"  Eoves  here  dwelt  and  was  a 
swain,  for  why  [i.  e.  the  cause  wkyj 
men  cnll  this  Enveshom.'*  The  im- 
pression of  this  Seal  in  the  Museum  it 
so  mutilated,  that  fur  the  letters,  Af  • 
SWON  .  I  must  be  content  to  take  Mr. 
H.'s  authority,  which  I  do  with  greai 
readiness,  tince  I  perfectly  agree  with 
him  in  the  reading  of  the  four  first 
■       —  I  ■    ■  I 

*  It  must  be  r«aarkcd«  Umt  the  ea- 
gravine  io  Tiadal  bj  no  neam  ccMrfsspoada 
with  ttMt  io  Nath,  but  is  siill  more  cot^ 
rupted. 


18^0.]  Engliih  Ugendi  om  SemU.'^The  Gaiirie  Juice. 


zn 


ami  (with  a  slight  variaticMi)  the  four 
laii  wordt.  Bat  with  regard  to  the 
!ie%enth  and  eighth,  1  rraiarky  that  the 
first  letter  or  iki  it  certainly  the  Mffle 
as  thefirti  letter  of /At  8;  and  the  words 
in  question  are  nothing  more  npr  less 
than  the  Saxon  preposition,  forthi, 
ifuapropler,  which  is  to  be  met  with  in 
all  our  old  English  writers,  down  (o 
the  time  of  Spenser.  To  quote  pas- 
sages would  be  needless,  since  the 
glossaries  of  llearne,  Percy,  Rilsoo, 
rinkerton,  Tyrwhitt,  and  many  others, 
will  at  once  supply  them.  The  in- 
terpretation, consequently,  should  be 
thus :  "  £oTes  here  dwelt,  and  was 
[a]  swain,  thbriforb  men  called 
(|iast  tense)  this  Eores-hom.*'  I  have 
only  to  remark,  in  addition,  that  the 
inscription  immediately  under  the 
church  should  be  read,  Ecce  locvs  quern 
elec^ii  and  that,  on  the  reverse  of  the 
Seal,  the  penultimate  word,  copied 
aAC  .  by  Niiith  and  Tindul,  sacrae  by 
Uudge,  and  sacra  by  Mr.  Ham|>er, 
ought  to  be  sacrata  (the  final  t  and 
A  being  joined  togrtkier),  the  circum- 
scription thus  forming  a  distich  com- 
|KMed  of  two  hexameter  lines. 

With  regard  to  the  age  of  this  Seal, 
with  deference  to  Mr.  Hamper,  1  con- 
sider it  to  be  of  an  earlier  period 
than  that  he  assigns  to  it ;  for,  so  far 
ftom  the  orthography  of  ant  for  and 
being  indicative  of  the  fifteenth  cen- 
tury, it  occurs  repeatedly  from  the  time 
of  the  Siixons,  and  in  the  thirteenth 
century  is  extremely  common. 

In  conclusion,  1  may  be  permitted  to 
oliacr«e  that  English  legends  on  an- 
cient seals  seem  to  present  more  than 
ordinary  ditiirnlties  to  those  unrerMd 
in  our  old  writers.  As  an  instance,  I 
would  p(»inl  out  the  Seal  used  by  John 
de  Hastings,  attached  to  the  famous 
letter  of  the  Barons  to  Pope  Boniface 
tilt  Eighth  ;  the  inscription  on  which, 
as  it  np|>ear.<  in  vol.  xxi.  of  "  The 
Archa*olo^ia,"  p.  205,  I  can  only  at 
present  aflirm  to  be  certainly  English ; 
but  I  propose,  at  some  future  period, 
to  examine  the  original,  and  send  you 
a  few  remarks  on  it.  Another  ex- 
ample occurs  in  the  "  The  Gentle- 
man's Magazine'*  for  Dec.  I8S5,  p. 
498,  where  No.  15,  on  the  plate  an- 
nexed* represents  a  Squirrel,  and  an 
inscription  read  thus :  tonarb  hotis  ; 
whereas  it  evidently  should  be  read,  i 
CRAVE  K0TI8,  and  explained,  in  al- 
lusion to  the  device,  /  crare  nult. 

Frcoerick  Mapdeit. 


Mr.  Urbaw,  April  9; 

AT  a  meeting  of  the  Literary  and 
Philosophical  Society  of  Hull, 
not  long  ago,  a  paper  was  read  **  On 
the  Gastric  Juice,  and  its  disaolveat 
powers,  as  exemplified  in  different 
dasMs  of  animals."  But  neither  the 
gentleman  who  contributed  the  essay, 
nor  those  who  added  their  remarks  in 
the  discussion  which  followed,  advert- 
ed to  the  sentiments  of  the  celebrated 
anatomist  Dr.  William  Hunter,  whote 
opinion  it  was,  that  there  is  in  the 
stomach  of  all  living  creatores  a  fa- 
culty which  cannot  be  resolved  into  a 
gastric  juice,  nor  defined  10  any  tamgitle 
shape.  It  invariably  acts  either  on 
substances  destitute  of  the  vital  prin- 
ciple, or  in  which  it  hat  become  ex- 
tinct. To  explain  this,  the  Doctor 
observed,  could  you  suppose  a  mau'a 
hand  introduced  into  the  stomach  of  a 
lion,  it  would  continue  uninjured,  un- 
less the  man  died ;  from  which  mo- 
ment the  decomposition  commencing, 
it  would  be  converted  into  chyle. 

A  Roman  emperor  (the  name  escapes 
me)  who  excelled  in  archery,  and  ait- 
played  his  skill  at  the  theatre,  canted 
ostriches  to  be  driven  across  the  pro- 
scenium, which  he  decapitated  from 
some  distance,  with  arrows  having 
semicircular  heads  ;  and  it  was  re- 
marked that  when  the  decollation  wat 
instantaneous,  the  residue  of  the  bird, 
from  the  previous  impulse,  conti- 
nuetl  to  run  a  few  paces.  But  no- 
thing analogous  will  api)ear,  if  any 
animal  is  bisected  with  a  rapid  stroke, 
including  the  stomach,  and  some  of 
its  ordinary  food  submitted  iminnter  lo 
the  anion  of  this  supposed  gastric 
juice,  for  it  will  not  l>e  aflecicd  by  any 
known  scale  of  <liminution.  Besidci, 
an  obvious  diniculiy  occurs.  By  what 
provision  of  nature  is  the  stomach  itself 
preserved  from  the  corrosive  eflfecttof 
an  agent  that  dissolves  masses  of  bones 
more  rapidly  than  aqna-fortis  would, 
though  It  does  nor,  like  that  chemicui 
e/cmrnt,  operate  on  metals.  Of  this 
distinction  your  Historical  Chronicle, 
about  seventy  years  ago,  furnished  an 
illustration.  A  youth  from  Burnharo, 
in  Norfolk,  embarked  for  India,  in  the 
station  of  what  is  called  a  Guinea-pig. 
By  a  sudden  roll  of  the  vessel,  as  ttiey 
were  going  down  channel,  the  young 
gentleman  fell  overboard,  and  wat  no 
more  seen;  it  was  supposed  he  wat 
drowned,  but  some  time  after,  a  laife 
shark,  of  a  sickly  appearance,  being 
rauMit   not    far   in   the   Atlantic,  on 


912 


Zechariah,  e.  xL 


[Afiril, 


opeDing  it,  the  watch,  and  the  gold 
lace  with  which  the  poor  boj  had  been 
decorated  in  the  fashion  of  the  da^, 
were  found  in  itt  stomach.  The  aui- 
mal  substance,  the  doaths,  the  shoes 
of  the  victim,  had  disappeared  before 
the  inexplicable  faculty  which  Dr. 
Hunter  had  the  merit  of  showing  we 
know  nothing  of  but  by  iu  effects ;  but 
the  shark  not  having  been  able  to  digest 
the  watch  (the  name  and  number  of 
which  led  to  the  owner)  and  the  lace, 
they  were  with  great  probability  con- 
duded  to  have  been  the  cause  of  iu 
sickly  appearance,  and  would  even- 
tually have  proved  fatal. 

The  stomach  is  moist  in  common 
with  the  other  viscera,  but  why  shotild 
.  the  gentlemen  engaged  in  these  studies 
advert  to  an  imaginary  ^stric  juice, 
as  if  it  could  be  extracted  like  that  of 
an  apple  or  an  orange  i  The  term  ac- 
corded with  the  gross  deficiency  of 
anatomical  knowl^ge  in  oar  Eliza- 
beihan  age,  but  is  wholly  unsui ted  to 
the  advanced  state  of  the  science  in  the 
niueteenth  century,  which  shows  us 
the  faculty  in  reference  among  those 
arcana  of  nature  that  for  ever  baffle 
human  research,  and  concerning  which 
we  must  "  Wait  the  great  teacher. 
Death,  and  God  adore  ?" 

Hans  HnoRKOR. 

Mr.  Urbak,  April  Q, 

I  BEG  to  place  at  your  disposal  a 
paraphrase  of  the  11  th  chapter  of 
Zecnariah,  if  you  shall  deem  it  suitable 
for  a  page  in  your  Miscellany.  But  I 
must  notice  an  oversight  of  your  printer 
in  what  you  obligingly  admitted  on 
the  1st  of  Feb.  In  line  S7»  instead  of 
**  be,"  read  "  He  more  numerous, 
more  dispersed.'^ 

Yours,  &c.  X, 

Zechariah,  c.  XI. 
O  Temple  of  the  Lord,  whose  goodly  stroe- 

turs 
Once  thinn'd  the  waving  top  of  Lebanon, 
Aad  ttripp'd  it  of  ito  Cedar8,~bur8t  be  your 

doors 
By  sudden  impulse,  that  the  devouring  fire 
May  enter  in,  and  o'er  the  costly  timbers 
Spread  its  widie  havock. — Howl,  howl,ye  Firs, 
For  meaner  uses  carved,— where  Cedars  burn 
Shall  ye  be  spared? — Howl,  distant  oaks. 
Which  spread  o'er  Basan's  pastures  your 

oool  shade  { 
For  Zion's  walled  forest  is  brought  down, 
Her  rampart  *s  levelled,  and  her  gallant  chiefs 
Are.  buried  in  ite  fall.— 
Howl,  howl,  ye  teachers,  Shepherds  of  the 

flock,  [coverts 

Wail  your  spoilt  ^lory.     Rous'd  from  your 


On  Jordan's  bank  by  the  eocMaddag  floods. 
Rush,  Kons,  from  yoar  shelter,  aad  with 

deep  roar 
Join  in  the  geneial  tumult  of  despair! 

Thus  saith  the  God  of  Mercy  to  hie  Seer : 
Feed  the  meek  flock,  whose  shepherds  piti- 
less. 
Unconscious  of  their  guilt,  delight  to  slay 
Or  sell,  and  counting  o'er  their  impimis 
gains,  [them  rich. 

Bless,  as  they  think,  the  Lord  who  makes 

This  land  and  iU  inhabitants 
Move  me  no  more  to  pity>  saith  the  Lord, 
But  to  their  mutual  feuda  and  jealousies 
I  abandon  them,  and  to  an  arm'd  boat 
Led  by  a  powerful  King.*     But  for  the  meek. 
The  humble  of  the  flock,  these  wiU  1  feed. 
These  shall  inherit  all  my  Gospel  grace. 
For  these  I  take  in  hand  my  sl»ff  imd  rod 
«  Favour  "  and  <<  Union  r  thU  my  chosen 

guides. 
That  shall  compel  the  scattered  to  come  in. 
But  those  unhallow'd  Shepherds,  Priest,  and 

Scribe, 
And  Pharisaic  Elder, — my  soul  loathes  them ; 
£'en  as  they  loathed  me.  1  'II  cut  them  off 
Briefly.  «  So,  that  which  dieth  let  it  die ;" 
Let  that  that's  meet  for  slaughter  be  cut  off : 
Each  prey  on  other.-— They  provoked  me 

more— 
My  staff  of  grace  I  broke,  my  covenant 
With  these  I  cancell'd,  but  the  humble 

spirits 
Who  waited  on  me  saw  the  fractured  rod. 
And  bowing  silently,  acknowledged 
The  deed  it  was  the  Lord's.— 
'Twas  then  1  spake :  but  do  ye  prize  ny 

deeds. 
My  deeds  of  grace  and  goodness  ?  if  ya  do, 
•Cease  to  rebel.    If  ye  reject  my  favours. 
Take  in  exchange  the  Mammon  that  ye  love; 
They  did  so ;  and  they  weigh'd  out  thirty 
shekels,  [they  vakwd  aw, 

Price  of  the  meanest  slavcf    Twas  tfaos 
And  to  the  Potter  in  the  Sanctuary 
They  paid  the  sum.    His  field  the  dead  ra- 

'  cords. 
Then  brake  I  too  my  staff,  the  Rod  of  UnioB, 
That  Israel  and  Judah  might  no  longer 
Be  join'd  in  brotherhood,  but  scattered  wide« 
Then  said  I  to  the  Seer,  let  foolish  shep- 
herds [meBts. 
Guide  them  henceforth  with  foolish  instrv- 
These  shall  not,  or  the  missina  from  the  fold 
Seek  to  reclaim,  fetch  back  the  wanderer, 
Or  heal  the  lame,  or  count  the  healthy  ones; 
But  to  prevent  escape,  maim  their  uoti  feet. 
And  thus  unfit  for  flight  their  flock  devovr. 
Woe !  to  the  worthless  pastor  who  deserts 
His  awful  charge,  and  who  possessing  power 
And  Judgment  with  it,  to  defimd  orgiuda. 
Exerts  them  not. — Yea,  nerveless  be  bis  ann^ 
Who  sees  not  too  for  those  intmsted  to  hkp. 
Shall  be  himself  in  utter  darkness  lost« 


*  Vespasian. 

f  Exodus,  chap.  xxi.  v.  S2. 


1830.] 


Lift  onA  Kftf wgf  0/  ChrxHopher  Marlowe, 


SIS 


LtFB    A*D   WkiTIMOS    OF  CHRISTO- 
PHER Marlowe. 

(  CoHlimued/rom  p.2U2.J 

THEY  who  peruse  Marlowe's  plays 
and  poems,  will  assuredly  form  a 
liish  estimate  of  his  genius  ;  lint  they 
will  meet  with  none  of  those  allusions 
to  the  writer*s  personal  history,  with 
which  the  works  of  some  Authors  are 
so  rife,  and  which  have  contributed  so 
essentially  to  elucidate  obscure  points 
in  their  biographies.    l*liere  is,  it  is 
true,  a  passage  in  Blunt  the  bookseller's 
dedication  of  his    posthumous  poem 
("  The  Hero  and  Lcandt-r")   to  Sir 
Thomas  Walsingham,  which  inttmaies 
that  the  knight  was  his   {Kitrnn  and 
encourager : — ••  I  supi>ose  myselfe  (says 
niuni)  executor  to  the  vn  nap  pie  de- 
ceased   author   of   this    |)Ocm,    vpon 
whom,  in  his  lifclinic,  you  bestowed 
many  kind  fuiiours,  entertainirg   the 
partes  of  reckoning  and  worth  tvhich 
you  found  in  him,  with  coo<l  counte- 
nance and  libcrall  aflcctibn."     From 
this  we  may  |ierhaps  infer  that,  not- 
withstanding the  emoluroenis  which 
Marlowe  must  have  derived  from  the 
popularity  of  his  dramatic  writings, 
the  wants  created  by  his  excesses  fre- 
<)uently  rendered  Sir  Thomas's  assist- 
ance extremely  necessary  and  accept- 
able.    He  seems,  indeeil,  evidently  to 
speak  with  the  bitterness  of  personal 
Reling,  when,  at  the  close  of  the  first 
sestyad  of  his  "  Hero  and  Leander,*' 
he    indignantly  inveighs  against  that 
vexatious  distribution  of  the  gifts  of 
fortune,  which  often  lavishes  wealth 
opon  tasteless  ignorance,  and  dooms 
refined    intellect    to  pine    under  the 
sorrows  of  poverty.    Speaking  of  a 
trick   practised  by  Hermes   upon  the 
Destinies,   and    their  consequent  re- 
sentment, he  says: 

"  —  but  that  LrAraing,  in  «lefpit«  ofFmU, 
Wilt  mount  slnfc,  and  enter  Heaven  gftte, 
Aod  tn  the  teat  of  Juve  icvrif  advance, 
Hermei  had  tlrnc  in  Hell  with  ignoranee. 
Yet,  as  a  puBiilimrot,  tlwy  added  this. 
That  ha  and  Poverty  thouM  always  kiti ; 
And  to  this  day  it  every  adiolar  poor," 
Gruta  gold  raas  liron  then  haadlong  to  the 

Uior. 
Ukcwife,  tlw  aa;:ry  Siiters,  tlios  deluded. 
To  veoga  thamulves  op  Htrises,  have  eua* 

cludad 
That  Midas'  brood  ihaH  sit  ia  Hooour*i  chair, 
Tu  which  tlkft  Mum*'  auoa  are  only  lieir{ 
And  fruitful  wit*,  that  iaaspiring  are, 
Shall,  discontent,  run  into  regioas  iar ; 

GsjiT.  Mao.  jlprii,  H.10. 

4 


Aad  ftw  graat  loids  ia  vlitaous  deads  shal' 

But  be  luqiria'd  with  ev'ry  gariah  toyi 
And  still  enrich  tltc  litfty  servile  clown. 
Who  with  encroaching  guile  keeps  Ltaming 
down." 

Oldys  asseru,  that  "  Sir  W.  Raleigh 
encouraged  his  Muse:**  but  this,  per- 
haps, simply  means  that  he  wrote  that 
answer  to  Marlowe's  celebrated  song-— 
"  Live  with  me  and  be  my  love,** 
which  Walton,  in  "  The  Angler,"  at- 
tributes tn  him.  I'!ven  that  the  Answer 
in  question  was  Sir  W.*s  production  is 
problematical ;  for  Izaak,  I  suspect, 
merely  drew  the  inference 'from  the 
signature  aflixed  to  the  poem,  in 
"  Kngland's  Parnassus,''  where  it  first 
was  printed  3  viz.  *'  Igmoto,**  which 
was  sometimes  assumed  by  Ralcish  ; 
but  this  evidence  is  inconclusive,  i»e- 
cause  the  sictnatnre  in  question  was  not 
peculiar  to  Sir  Walter,  out  was  a  com- 
mon appendage  to  the  productions  of 
anonymous  writers. 

Shakspeare  (in  spite  of  the  atlacki 
which  he  ex|>ericnced  from  the  junto 
of  dramatists)  seems  to  have  had  taste 
enough  to  admire  Alarlowe,  and  can- 
dour enough  to  evince  it ;  for  he  quotes 
him  in  "  As  you  Like  It,'*  and  "  The 
Merry  Wives  of  Windsor ;"  and  se- 
veral times  alludes,  with  evident  par- 
tiality, to  his  ••  Hero  and  Leancier.'* 
Jon  son,  also,  estimated  Christopher's 
talents  at  their  due  value:  he  noticed 
him  in  *'  £%Try  Man  in  his  Humour  ;** 
and  in  his  "  l^esy  on  Shakspeare,"  he 
makes  it  one  of  his  highest  praises  that 
he  had  even  exceeded  "  Mario w<^'s 
mighty  line."*  The  preface  to  Bos- 
worth  s  noem,  called  "  Chast  and  Lost 
l/>vers  lively  shadowed,"  Src.  l05l, 
says :  **  The  strcnj^ih  of  his  fancy,  and 
the  shadowing  of  it  in  word4,  he  (Bos« 
worth)  taketn  from  Mr.  Marlow,  in 
his  '  Hero  and  I^amler,'  of  whose 
'  mighty  lines'  Mr.  Benjamin  Johnson 
(a  inaii  sensible  enoui^h  of  his  own 
abilities)  was  often  heard  to  say,  that 
they  were  examples  fitter  for  adnjiraiion 
than  for  parallel." 

Chapman,  loo,  was  probably  one  of 
Marlowe's  friends— certainly  one  of  his 
admirers,  as  the  fioe  invocation  to  hia 
spirit,  in  the  continuation  of  "  Hero 
and  Leander,"  sufficiently  evinces.  In 
fad,  whatever  injustice  may  have  been 
done  to  Kit's  moral  worth.  It  n^ist  be 
admitted  that  his  poetical  character  has 
rtfeived   honour  apiwuaching  to  ex- 


314 


Life  and  WrUmgt  of  Chrittopher  Marlowe. 


[April, 


traragance.  Petoe  styles  him  **  the 
Prince  of  Poetry,  with  whom  no  mortal 
might  contend.''*  Peele's  "Honour 
of  the  Garter/'  1593,  calls  him 

"  the  Muses'  darliag  for  his  verse. 
Tit  to  write  pessions  for  the  souls  below." 

While  Nash,  in  his  "  Lenten  Stuff/' 
speaks  of  "  divine  Musasus,  and  a 
cliviiier  Muse  than  he — Kit  Marlowe.*' 
Their  praise  has  been  echoed  by  Dray- 
ton, and  reiterated  by  innumerable 
succeeding  writers,  down  to  the  un- 
fortunate Uermody,  who,  in  his  "  Pur- 
suit of  Patronage,*'  styles  him  *'  a 
kindred  apirit,  the  marvel  of  man- 
kind," and  praises  his  "  unequalled 
strains,'*  in  language  of  the  most  glow- 
ing description. 

With  a  few  remarks  upon  the  se- 
veral plays  included  in  the  late  col- 
lection of  Marlowe's  works,  1  shall 
now  terminate  this  paper. 

1.  Didoy  Queen  qf  Carthage. 

This  very  rare  tragedy,  printed  in 
quarto,  1594,  was,  for  many  years,  the 
"  unreached  paradise*'  of  the  Shak- 
speariun  commentators,  havinff,  as  Stee- 
▼ens  expressed  it,  "  escaped  the  hands 
of  the  most  liberal  and  industrious 
collectors  of  such  curiosities.'*  Their 
anxiety  to  obtain  a  sight  of  the  hidden 
treasure,  originated  principally  in  a 
wish  to  ascertain  the  correctness  of  a 
suggestion  started  by  Capell,  that  it 
was  perhaps  the  "  excellent  play" 
which  Hamlet  describes,  and  from 
which  the  actor  recites  to  him  the 
passage  descriptive  of  Priara*s  slaugh- 
ter; but  so  long  did  it  elude  their 
research,  that  many  began  to  suspect  it 
had  never  parsed  the  press,  and  that 
they  were  m  pursuit  of  a  mere  non- 
entity. At  length  a  copy  %vas  dis- 
covered amongst  the  books  of  Dr. 
Wright ;  but  CapelPs  conjecture  proved 
to  be  erroneous,  and  the  play  itself  was 
found  to  be  remarkable  for  little  save 
its  rarity. 

Sometime  after  this,  the  choice 
morsel  was  brought  to  sale ;  and,  after 
being  hotly  contested  for  by  the  rival 
editors,  Sieevens  and  Malone,  was 
borne  off  in  triumph  by  the  latter.  The 
circumstance  is  thus  noticed  in  "  The 
European  Magazine"  for  June,  1 787  : 

"  At  the  sale  of  the  library  of  the  late 
Dr.  Wrieht,  the  Old  Plays  produced  above 
300/.  The  great  buyers  hafe  been — the 
King,  Lord  Charlemont,  Mr.  Malone,  Mr. 

•  Second  Part  of  •*  Hero  and  Leander," 
1598. 


Steevens,  Mr.  Kemble,  and  Mr.  Mason. 
Marlowe's  tragedy  of  **  Dklo,  Queene  of 
Carthage,'*  printed  in  1594,  was  sold  to 
Mr.  Malone  for  seventeen  guineas.  It  was 
supposed  to  be  the  only  pernct  copy  extant* 
Mr.  Isaac  Reed's  copy,  however,  is  perfect 
also.  He  gate  a  shiUing  for  it  to  a  man  at 
Canterbury,  and  has  since  presented  it  to 
Mr.  Steevens,  who  bid  against  Mr.  Malone 
up  to  16/." 

Reed's  g(/2,  by  the  bye,  amounted,  I 
believe,  to  no  more  than  this :  he  gave 
the  old  play  to  Steevens,  and  received, 
in  exchange,  a  set  of  Holinshed's 
"  Chronicles/'  Xb^l,  worth  about  20/. 
But  let  that  pass. 

The  rarity  of  "  Dido"  has  led  biblio- 
graphers into  various  errors  regarding 
the  number  of  copies  in  existence ; 
among  others.  Dr.  Dibdin,  who,  in  his 
"  Library  Companion/'  1824,  p.  789, 
says :  "  There  were,  and  I  believe  are, 
only  two  copies  of '  Dido'  known,  both 
of  which  came  into  Malone's  hands; 
one  at  Dr.  Wright's  sale,  for  sixteen 

? guineas,  the  other  at  Mr.  Steevens*s  sale, 
or  17/."  Yet  previously,  at  p.  700,  he 
remarks,  "  The  play  of '  Diuo,  Queen 
ofCartha^,'  is  perhaps  the  rarest  of 
all  dramatical  or  |ioeticaI  pieces.  Ma- 
loDe*s  copy  of  it  (now  at  Oxford)  ia 
supposed  to  be  unique.**  * 

The  truth  is,  that  Steevens's  copy  was 
purchased,  not  by  Malone,  but  oy  the 
Duke  of  Roxburg^h,  at  the  dispersion 
of  whose  library  it  formed  lot  5,400, 
and  was  sold  for  seventeen  guineas. 
It  is  equally  untrue  that  only  two  co- 
pics  of  the  plaj^  are  known  to  exist ; 
for  a  third,  in  immaculate  condition, 
is  in  the  collection  of  the  Marquis  of 
Staiford.  And  here  let  me  be  pardoned 
for  contrasting  the  liberal  conduct  of 
this  nobleman  with  that  of  the  two 
other  possessors  of  the  rarity,  which 
was  guarded  by  them  with  jealous  vi- 
gilance, lest  a  reprint  might  expose  its 
charms  to  the  vulgar  case,  and  thua 
deprive  it  of  the  attractions  which,  in 
their  eyes,  it  owed  solely  to  its  scarce- 
ness. Having  it  in  contemplation,  a 
few  vears  since,  to  print  an  edition  of 
Marlowe's  works,  it  was  of  course 
necessary  to   procure  a  transcript  of 

*  Upon  the  subject  of  Marlowa's  pro- 
ductions, generally,  Dr.  D.  seems  to  ba  mis- 
informed, or  to  write  with  extreme  cara- 
lessness.  At  p.  699  he  says,  **  Mtflowa  is 
known  rather  as  a  dramatist  than  a  professed 
poet;"  while,  in  the  very  next  pege,  he 
asserts,  that  he  "  is  chiefly  known  by  his 
imperfect  piece  of '  Hero  and  Leander.'  ** 


183a] 


Lift  and  H'riimgM  of  Ckriitophtr  Marlowe. 


<*  Dido/'  and  for  ihii  purpose  I  made 
a  civil  applieation  to  each  of  the  gen- 
tlemen  in  question,  to  which  no  reply 
was  condescended  ;  but,  upon  its  being 
repeated,  1  was  iu formed  that  one  of 
them  10011/^  mot,  and  the  other  couid 
nai,  "  lay  his  hand  upon  it."  Thus 
baffled,  1  had  no  resource  but  to  make 
a  similar  application  to  the  Marquis  of 
Stafford  ;  and  mark  the  contrast :  per- 
mission was  immediately  conceded,  in 
a  manner  most  calculated  to  enhance 
the  value  of  the  favour,  and  every  fa* 
cility  afforded  for  the  accomplishment 
of  my  object.  "  Dido"  has  smce  been 
thrice  reprinted,  so  that  it  is  probable 
the  chary  guardians  of  the  old  copies 
would  never  again  have  been  disturbed 
by  attempts  to  inspect  them ;  but,  at 
any  rate,  they  are  now  beyond  the 
reach  of  such  annoyances ;  for  one  of 
them  is  dead,  and  the  other  an  exile. 

Of  the  authorship  of  "  Dido "  I 
roost  remark,  that,  although  the  names 
both  of  Nash  and  Marlowe  appear  in 
the  title-page,  and  it  has  hitherto  been 
deemed  ineir  joint- production,  I  greatly 
doubt  whether  Nash  had  much  or  any 
share  in  the  composition.  I  find  no 
traces  of  his  style;  whilst  Marlowe's 
luxurious  imaseiy  is  continually  dis- 
coverable ;  aniTl  therefore  suspect  that 
Nash  merely  prepared  it  for  the  press, 
after  Marlowe  s  death,  or  at  the  utmost 
completed  two  or  three  scenes,  which 
perhaps  were  left  unfinished.*  It  is, 
however,  but  an  indifferent  play,  quite 
unworthy  of  him  %vho  wrote  '*  Faustus.*' 
Most  of  the  scenes  are  literal  transla- 
tions from  the  '*  ^neid,"  which  is  so 
closely  followed,  that  even  the  henii- 
siichs  are  copied,  and  the  characters 
occasiunally  emplov  the  very  language 
of  the  original.  Iwo  brief  specimens 
of  the  dialogue  shall  suffice.     In  Act  i. 

*  WarioD  («  Hitt.  Eog.  Poetrj'*)  ud 
Bishop  Tftontr  (•<  Bib.  Britan.")  mv  Uiat 
Nash,  in  an  £le|^  prcfiMa  to  **  Dido," 
enumerates  fiva  of  Marlowe's  ulavs ;  but 
there  is  nothing  of  the  kind  in  tne  Marauis 
of  Stafford's  copy  (which,  nevertheless,  lias 
every  appearance  oiF  being  perfect),  nor  in 
either  oif  the  other  two  copies  eitant.  War- 
too  also  asserts,  on  the  autnority  of  Coxeter's 
MSS.  that  Marlowe  ••  translated  Coluthos's 
*  Rape  of  Helen'  into  English  Rhyme,  in 
the  year  1 687 ;"  but  adds  that  he  liad  never 
seen  it.  Neither  have  I,  nor  any  other 
meatioo  of  it ;  and  should  therefore  be  glad 
to  ascertain,  from  some  one  better  informed 
upon  the  subject,  whether  Coxcter's  as- 
sertion is  comet. 


315 

Ascaniusp  entering  with  J?iieaf,  ^cAo- 
i0i,  and  othen^  coinplains  of  cold  and 
hunger,  to  which  JEnea$  replies : 

'<  Aba !  sweet  boy,  thou  moat  be  still  awhile. 
Till  we  have  fire  to  dreM  the  meat  we  kill'd. 
Gentle  Achates,  rtaeh  du  timkr'box. 
That  we  may  make  a  fire  to  wany  as  with. 
And  roast  our  new-fouod  victoalt  on  this 
shore." 

Though  somewhat  less  dignified  than 
could  be  wished,  it  will  be  seen  that 
this  is  from  a  passage  in  the  "JEneid." 
lib.  i. 

**  Ae  primum  silici  sciotillaas  ajMudit  Achi^ 


Soscepitque  ignem  folils,  atque  arida  circua 
Ntttrimenta  dedit,  rapaitqne  in  Ibmite  flam- 


The  dramatic  student  will  find  it  an 
interesting  occupation  to  compare  the 
description  of  Priam's  slaughter  with 
that  recited  by  the  Player  in  "  Hamleu" 
The  whole  circle  of  the  English  Drama 
presents  not  another  such  passage— full 
of  sound  and  fury.  But  as  the  piece  is 
now  within  every  one's  reach,  I  re* 
frain  from  transcribing  more  than  the 
description  of  the  manner  in  which 
Pyrrhus  rejected  Priam's  entreaties  for 
mercy. 

•'  Not  mov'd  at  all,  but  smiling  at  his  tears. 
This  butcher,  while  his  hands  were  yet  held 

up, 
Treadiuff  upon  his  breast,  struck  off  his  hands. 
At  which  tlie  frantic  Queen  leap'd  on  his  Cm^^ 
And  in  his  eyelids  hanging  bv  the  nails, 
A  little  while  prolonged  her  husband's  life ; 
At  last  the  soldiers  pull'd  her  by  the  heels* 
And  swuug  her,  howling,  in  the  empty  air,'* 
James  BROuoHTOir. 

(To  be  continued*) 

M  r.  U  R  B  A  ir,       Morley,  near  Leeds, 

IN  cursorily  surveying  the  whole 
scries  of  "The  Gentleman's  Maga- 
zine" (which  I  have  often  done),  se- 
veral things  )>crtaining  to  our  ancieni 
churches  have  struck  me  as  singular 
and  curious,  but  about  which  not  one 
individual  has  made  observation  or  in* 
f|uiry;  and  other  matters  there  are 
which  still  require  illustration.  These 
circumstances  hat'C  set  me  upon  in* 
(luiring  for  myself;  and  if  you  deem 
tne  result,  in  one  particular  instance, 
worthy  of  notice,  1  may  |)ossibly  be 
induced  to  trouble  you  further. 

In  yoor  volume  tor  1804,  page  1 13  \ 
for  1805,  page  793;  for  1810,  pge 
313,  and  in  other  places,  we  see 
churches  with  little  o|ien  gables  capped 


916 


On  Ancieni  Church  Bells, 


tvith  an  angular  roof,  serving  at  a 
tower,  at  the  west  end  ;  and  in  which 
are,  or  have  been,  two  bells,  hanging 
in  sf  parate  recesses :  and  such  churches, 
as  I  lately  saw  in  an  excursion  to  the 
Lakes,  are  very  common  in  Weslmore- 
land  and  Cumberland.  That  these  are 
the  best  specimens  of  what  our  ancient 
parish-churches,  in  country  places, 
were  ^the  Ecclesis  rurales  "  Upland 
Churcnes,"  1  think,  thev  are  called  in 
the  Saxon  Chronicle)  nad  long  been 
my  opinion,  before  1  had  it  confirmed 
by  the  perusal  of  a  passage  in  your 
vol.  xcviii.  part  ii.  p.  324.  But  this 
is  not  the  point  I  have  in  view.  The 
question  which  a  true  antiauary  will 
ask  is — Why  two  bells? — and  for  what 
particular  purpose  was  each  used  ? 

A  correspondent  of  yours,  Mr.  Ur- 
ban, and  one  who  has  enriched  your 
vol.  Lxxvi.  with  some  of  the  most 
curious  and  entertaining  information 
that  ever  met  my  eyes,  in  a  small 
compass,  has  told  us  *  that  the  smallest 
of  tnese  two  bells  was  the  "  saint's 
bell ;"  but  he  does  not  give  his  au- 
thority for  the  assertion.  It  is,  how- 
ever, dangerous  to  dispute  even  the 
dictum  of  a  gentleman  so  well  read  in 
our  ecclesiastical  antiquities  as  beseems 
to  be,  besides  being  an  antiquary  of 
the  right  kind ;  and  my  doubts  are 
therefore  submitted  with  unfeigned  de- 
ference. When,  however,  I  find  such 
a  learned  man  as  Archdeacon  Nares 
confounding  together  the  "  saint*s 
(*'  saincts,*'  or  "  saunce")  bell  and 
the  sacring,  sakkering,  or  sacringe  bell 
(as  he  does  in  his  valuable  Glossary), 
it  may  be  pardonable  to  i(nagine  that 
the  particular  uses  to  which  particular 
bells  were  appropriated,  in  Catholic 
times,  is  not  well  understood. 

But,  to  prove  the  saint's  bell  and 
the  sackeriug  bell  to  have  been  distinct, 
and  used  for  different  purposes,  I  refer 
to  Nichulls's  **  Leicestershire,'*  vol.  iii. 

'*  Id  the  chapel  of  St.  Nichulas,  hundred 
of  Elast  Goscote  (says  he)  the  Commissioners, 
in  1552,  reported  as  found,'' m/er  a/.:  '*  Item, 
a  Sacringe  Bell,  a  hand  Bell,  a  Saunce 
Bell,  wytne  other  tow  bvgger  Belles  in  the 
Stepell.*' 

Now,  it  can  hardly  be  doubted, 
methinks,  that  these  Commissioners, 
in  1552,  knew  quite  as  much  about 
the  uses  of  their  bells  as  we  do  now  a- 
days ;  and  my  inference  from  their 
report  is,  that  the  sncringe-lu-ll  was  not 

*  Note  to  p.  '»2'». 


[April, 

the  saunce*bell,  and  that  the  **  tow 
by^er  Belles  in  the  Siepcir*  wer« 
neither  the  one  nor  the  other. 

The  sacringe- bell,  as  appears  in  vol. 
xxi.  of  the  *'  Archseologia,"  p.  848, 
was  the  bell  used  in  processions  and 
other  solemn  occasions;  and  with  this 
the  account  of  Nares  corresponds.  It 
was  often  made  of  silver,  and  it  hung 
in  the  roodloft.  (See  WhitakeKs 
"  Richmondshire,"  p.  S95.)  Its  weight 
appears  to  have  been  about  eleven 
ounces.  (*<  Archaeologia/'  vol.  ii.  pw 
S48.) 

The  office  of  the  "  saint's  bell  **  is 
well  described  by  your  Correspondent 
before  alluded  10,  and  also  by  Nares, 
whose  only  error  is  in  saying  "  it  was 
called  tl)e  sacring  bell."  For  brevity S 
sake  I  omit  their  accounts.  The  only 
doubt  with  me  is,  as  to  the  place  where 
the  saint's  bell  hong,  or  in  which  it 
was  kept.  From  some  authorities  it 
seems  clear  that  it  hung  suspended; 
from  others  that  it  was  rung  not  only 
at  the  elevation  of  the  host,  but  was 
*'  the  }iriest't  proper  bell,  to  be  rung 
at  all  times  when  he  wished  the  con* 

Segation  to  be  attentive.'*  Now,  from 
is  I  infer  that  there  was  a  larger  and 
a  smaller  saint's  bell;  and  my  in- 
ference is  corroborated  by  a  passage  in 
Fuller's  '<  Church  History/'  coupled 
with  the  Commissioners'  report  from 
Leicestershire,  as  before  transcribed. 

<«  The  hindbell  (says  Fuller)  was  not 
fixed  as  the  rest  fai  any  place  of  church  or 
steeple,  but,  being  diminutiee  rf  tamCs  beli, 
was  carried  in  the  sexton's  haadi  at  the 
circumgeatation  of  the  sacrameBty  tha  vi- 
■itatioa  of  the  sick,"  &c. 

I  que»tion,  indeed,  whether  there 
was  not  a  larger  and  a  smaller  "  |>assing 
bell ;"  for  in  Nichols's  **  Leicester- 
shire," vol.  i.  p.  339,  I  find  that,  in 
1471,  the  bellman  was  employed  "  to 
invite  by  proclamation  all  good  Chris- 
tians to  offer  a  prayer  for  the  soul  of  a 
defunct  brother/*  And  again,  in  1545  : 
"  Paid  to  the  bellman,  at  the  obit  of 
my  Lord  Huntingdon,  \2^,'*  (See  p. 
670.) 

But  now,  Mr.  Urban,  to  the  main 
point.  What  was  that  little,  curious, 
solitary  bell,  which  your  Magazines  so 
often  show  us,  prettily  suspended  in  a 
little  open  angular  capped  gable — not 
at  the  west  end  of  the  church,  but 
toward  the  east,*  and  just  at  the  se» 
pa  ration  between  the  nave  and  chan* 

*  Mag.  for  180J,  p.  305. 


183a] 


•PiUnkmrekF^The  Fld^  WWght. 


Sir 


opI;  or*  in  oihtr  wwdt,  imt  over 
thii  p«rt  of  the  charch  where  wu 
anciently  the  roodlofi?  No  doubt  it 
wat  the  larger  taint's  bell ;  for  its  veij 
litnation,  independent  of  other  evi- 
dence, indicates  this. 

Well,  but  what  do  we  make  of  the 
"  tow  byoger  Belles  in  the  Stepell  ?*' 
Or  what  do  we  make  of  the  two  bells 
described  at  the  commencement  of  this 
letter?  Why,  ceruinly,  that  one  or 
both  of  them  called  to  service ;  and 
ih«t  the  other  was  the  funeral  or  pass- 
ing bell  whenever  we  find  them  at  the 
uf9it  end  of  our  chorches.  When 
otherwise,  as  in  a  beautiful  instanet 
(almost  unique  of  its  kind)  which  you, 
Mr.  Urban,  have  given  us  in  your 
eij^htieth  volume,  p.  313,  I  readily  ad- 
roit that  the  smaller  bell  has  been  the 
saint's  bell. 

There  are  several  other  things, 
connected  with  our  ancient  structures, 
which  strike  the  eye  of  an  antiquary, 
but  for  which  every  one  cannot  ac- 
count. These  I  purpose  (to  endeavour 
at  least)  to  illustrate,  should  you  do  me 
the  honour  to  allow  me  a  very  small 
niche  in  your  temple  of  fame.  If  any 
book,  or  set,  or  series  of  volumes,  that 
I  know  of  could  furnish  the  informa- 
tion, I  would  not  offer  my  services; 
my  reason  for  doing  it  is  because  I 
thmk  it  a  great  pity  that  many  persons 
of  real  antiquarian  taste,  but  who  have 
neither  access  to  a  good  public  library, 
or  sufficient  leisure,  should  be  at  a  loss, 
as  1  was  formerly,  to  make  out  many 
things,  which  people  who  write  upon 
antiquities  ought  to  communicate.  In 
the  meantime  I  shall  be  happy  to  be 
set  right  myself,  wherever  I  may  happen 
to  be  in  error.  N.  Scatciibrd. 


M  R.  U  RDA w,      Morletf ,  near Leedt. 

IN  the  entertaining  account  of  Peter- 
church,  Herefordshire,  to  be  found 
ill  your  l^liigazine  for  Dicemlier,  my 
atienliou  has  been  particularly  attracted 
to  the  following  |»aisage  : 

**  Againft  the  weftem  wall  of  the  nave  it 
•flhed  a  stone  tablet,  whercoo  in  sculptured 
the  figure  of  a  Urge  trout,  having  a  chain 
founil  tlie  back  part  of  his  head ;  it  has  baaa 
recently  painted  and  gilt,  and  the  names  of 
the  cliurchwtfdeas  added." 

Then  follows  the  village  tradition 
respecting  the  circumstance  which  gave 
riHT  to  the  sculpture,  and  the  conjecture 
of  an  nntiquary  u|)on  the  subject.  To 
sivc  liuic  and  space,  1  forbear  all  com- 


ments opofli  them,  and  offer  yoa  at 
once  my  own  conjectorei. 

It  is  well  known  that,  in  Catholie 
countries,  the  Mother  of  Christ  is  de- 
signated by  the  appellation  of  the  Fish 
Virgin — «•  La  Vierge au  Poisson ;"  and 
an  engraving  In  my  possenion,  beauti- 
fully coloured  and  gilded,  and  designed 
probably  for  a  prayer-book,  or  some 
Dook  of^Catholic  devotion,  has  the  fol^ 
lowing  group : — ^The  Virgin  with  the 
Infant  Jesus,  and  Joseph,  all  radiated, 
and  the  last  holding  a  book,  probably 
intended  for  the  Old  Testament,  or 
book  of  the  Prophecies,  foretelling  the 
advent  of  the  Mesiiah ;  but  lastly  is  a 
figure,  winged  and  radiated,  and  of 
feminine  appearance,  who  tntroducei 
to  the  Virgin  a  boy  bearing  a  fish, 
which  he  offers  to  her  with  bended 
knees.  This  fish  has  the  appearance 
of  a  trout,  but  whether  designed  for 
one  or  not,  I  cannot  say.  Beneath  the 
whole,  however,  is  printed  —  "  La 
Vierge  au  Poisson." 

Havirig  inquired  in  vain,  of  a  few 
Roman  Catholics,  why  they  call  Mary 
the  "  Fish  Virpin,"  fierhaps  some  of 
your  readers  will  kindly  give  me  the 
reouisite  information. 

That  the  Fish,  however,  in  Peter- 
church  refen  to  the  "  Fish  Virgin,"  I 
have  not  the  smallest  doubt;  for  as  to 
the  church  being  dedicated  to  St.  Peter, 
it  will  be  of  no  great  weight  with  those 
who  know  how  many  churches,  dc^ 
dicated  in  afiertimes  to  one  saint,  were 
originally  dedicated  to  another.  Of  this 
we  have  an  instance  in  my  own  neigh- 
bourhood ;  but,  what  will  be  more  sa- 
tisfactory, by  referring  to  your  own 
Magazine,  vol.  xcviii.  part  li.  p.  S37, 
yon  may  find  the  |>oint  settled  on  better 
authority. 

The  ground-plan  of  Pcterchurch, 
with  its  circular  east  end,  double 
chancel,  and  semicircular  arches,  en- 
riched with  convex  and  concave  xjg- 
zag,  billets,  and  Iozen;;e  mouldings, 
&c.  convinces  mc  that  it  is,  at  least  as 
to  some  parts,  of  very  gr^at  antiquity, 
and  jusiifies  the  suspicion  that  it  was 
originally  dedicated  to  the  Virgin. 

It  is  extremely  well  known,  that 
even  the  name  of  the  Saviour  was 
formerly,  if  it  is  not  still,  nearly  ex- 
cluded from  the  devotions  of  some 
people  by  the  homage  paid  to  the 
'*  Fish  Virgin,"  and  the  multitude, 
whose  sanctity  or  ambition  procured 
them  a  idace  in  the  Roman  calendar. 
They  still  call  her  "  the  Mother  of 


818 


Ptlerchurch.—The  Flih  Virgliin 


[ApHI, 


Godf'^  with  the  highest  appellations, 
ascribe  to  her  ionumerable  miracles, 
and  have  dedicated  lo  her  more  churches 
and  chantry  chapels  than  to  Christ 
himself.  Your  volumes  show,  in  many 
parts,  the  idolatry  in  which  her  very 
name  was  held ;  and  those  who  will 
turn  to  that  of  xcviii.  part  ii.  p.  391, 
perhaps  will  be  satisfied  that  no  more 
Deed  be  said  upon  the  subject. 

But,  besides  all  this,  who  does  not 
know  how  common  are  allusions  to 
the  Virgin,  in  all  our  ancient  Catholic 
structures,  sometimes  by  a  single  letter, 
jlll*  and  sometimes  by  portraits  on 
wood,  stone,  and  glass?  Sometimes 
in  porches,  sometimes  in  the  nave  or 
chanceb  of  our  churches?  In  short,  in 
all  parts  and  forms. 

But  there  is  a  remark  of  your  cor- 
respondent which  ou^ht  to  be  noticed. 
Referring  to  the  opinion  of  another 
gentleman,  he  says: 

**  To  this  I  feel  inclined  to  dissent — ^fint, 
because  the  stone  bears  no  mark  of  great 
antiquity,  and  was  put  up,  probably,  long 
since  the  Roman  Catholic  religion  bad  been 
dominant;  at  a  time  when  the  people  never 
thought  of  their  patron  saint,  as  such,  except 
when  keeping  his  revel  or  feast.  Secondly, 
because  it  is  unlikely  the  sculptor  would  have 
encircled  the  fish  with  a  chain,  when  the 
more  obvious  illustration  of  the  subject 
would  have  been  to  insert  a  piece  of  money 
in  the  mouth." 

This  second  objection  I  consider 
fatal  to  the  hypothesis  of  the  gentleman 
alluded  to ;  out  siill  open  to  observa- 
tion, taking  a  position  on  Matt.  xvi. 
ver.  19:  howe\cr,  it  is  to  the  first  ob- 
jection that  I  would  address  myself. 

The  stone  in  question  being  in  the 
interior  of  a  church,  the  sculpture  may, 
perhaps,  be  more  ancient  than  your 
correspondent  sup|>oses.  But,  suppos- 
ing it  comparatively  modern,  who  can 
doubt  that  it  has  been  sculptured  from 
an  original,  now  lost  or  destroyed  ?  At 
Dewsbury,  in  Yorkshire,  at  the  east 
end  of  that  church,  we  have  a  copy 
of  a  Saxon  wheel-cross,  known  to 
be  taken  from  an  older  copy,  and  that 
copy,  probably,  from  the  original,  as 
Dr.  Whitaker,    on   the   most   rational 

f;round,  believed.*  What,  then,  more 
ikely  than  that  a  stone  should  be  care- 
fully preserved  at  Pcierchurch,  which 
would  be  interesting  to  its  natives  on 
more  accounts,  peradvcnture,  than  one. 

•  **  History  of  Leeds,"  &c.  vol.  ii.  p.  99*), 


As  to  the  Tillage  trtditioo,  it  is  per- 
fectly contemptiDie ;  and  as  to  the  Ustc 
of  painting  and  gilding  the  stone,  and 

futting  upon  it  churchwardens*  names, 
leave  it  to  antiquaries  to  pronounce 
judgment.  N.  S. 


THREE   KINGS   OF   COLOOKB. 

Mr.  Urban,  April  10. 

AMONG  the  many  cheerfol  ob« 
servances  at  Christmas-tide,  none 
affords  more  amusement,  if  properly 
attended  to,  than  that  of  Twelfth-night. 
Unfortunately,  the  march  of  intellecl, 
•r  progress  of  eivilisation,  have  much 
redTuced  the  splendour  of  this  comme- 
moration of  the  Three  Kings,  or  Eastern 
magi;  aiKi  commoners  barely  suffer 
those  sports  wherein,  formerly,  mo* 
narchsjoined  with  glee.  The  legend  of 
these  Three  Kiiip  of  Cok^ne  is  rather 
curious,  as  there  is  nothing  in  the  New 
Testament  to  give  them  nisher  rank 
than  magi,  wise  men,  or  philosophers. 
The  10th  and  1  Ith  verses  of  the  seventy- 
second  Psalm  are  supposed  to  have  re- 
ference to  them : 

<<  The  kings  of  Tharsis,  and  of  the  Isles, 
shall  give  presenta  :  the  kings  of  Arabia  and 
Saba  shall  bring  ffifts.  All  kiogs  shall  faU 
down  before  bim. 

The  venerable  Bede  is  the  first  person 
that  is  known  to  have  given  any  par- 
ticular account  of  them,  though  his 
description  is  probably  founded  on 
some  older  and  by-gone  tradition.  He 
says:  Melchior  (the  king  of  Nubia 
and  Arabia)  was  old,  and  had  grey 
hair,  with  a  long  beard,  and  offered 
gold  to  Christ  ('*  a  rounde  apple  of 
gold  and  thirty  gilt  pens.*'— Hart.  MS. 
1704.)  in  acknowledgment  of  his  so- 
vereicnty.  Caspar,  the  second  of  the 
Magi  (kinc  of  Tarse  and  Kgypt),  was 
young,  and  had  no  beard,  and  offered 
frankincense  to  our  Lord's  divinity. 
Other  accounts  say,  that  he  was  a  black 
Ethiop,  and  offered  myrrh.  Balthazar, 
the  third  (king  ofCodolie  and  Saba), 
was  of  dark  complexion,  and  had  a 
large  beard  ;  he  offered  myrrh  to  our 
.Saviour's  humanity.  He  then  proceeds 
to  describe  their  dresses ;  and,  whatever 
his  authority  may  ha%'e  been,  they  are 
constantly  depicted  according  to  his 
account,  in  old  pictures  and  popular 
representations.  The  star,  that  guided 
them  on  their  journey,  is  said  to  have 
been  as  an  eagle,  flying  and  beating  the 
air  with  his  wings,  and  had  in  it  the 


isaa] 


Three  Kinge  of  Cologne. 


31D 


form  ttnd  likenett  of  m  young  childy 
with  the  sign  of  ihe  croM  above  him. 
The  nearer  they  ap))roached  lo  Chriii's 
dwelling,  the  bri|(hter  the  star  shone  { 
and  although  tlit-ir  journey  lasted  for 
twelve  days,  yet  they  felt  no  fatigue, 
and  neither  took  or  required  rest  or 
refreshment.  Indeed  it  appeared  to 
them  as  if  one  day's  journey  only.  In 
return  for  the  offerings  macie  by  them, 
one  of  the  a|)ocryphal  gosfiels  states, 
that  the  I^y  Mary  took  one  of  the 
swaddling-clothes,  in  which  our  Sa- 
viour was  wrapped,  and  gave  it  to  them, 
which  they  received  as  a  noble  present, 
and  to  this  great  virtues  were  after- 
wards attributed.  In  their  old  age, 
these  kings  were  baptited  by  St.  Tho- 
maa ;  and  after  their  deaths,  their  bo- 
dies were  taken  to  Constantinople,  by 
the  Empress  Helena.  From  thence 
thcY  were  subsequently  taken  to  Milan ; 
and  from  thence,  in  the  time  of  Rei- 
ualdus.  Archbishop  of  Cologne,  to  that 
city,  which  proved  their  permanent 
resting  place.  Of  course  these  holy 
persons,  in  common  with  many  other 
saints,  poMcssed  great  powers  in  certain 
eases  otsickness.  Their  names,  written 
OD  parchment,  and  hang  about  a  pa- 
tient's neck,  with  the  sign  of  the  cross, 
was  said  to  cure  madness.  Such  an 
easy  cure  would  interfere  a  little  at 
present  with  the  {wofits  and  privileges 
of  a  ceruin  class  of  learned  individuals 
in  that  line.  Three  Latin  verses,  re- 
lative to  these  kings,  written  with  blood 
from  the  little  finger  of  anyone  troubled 
with  the  falling  sickness,  and  hanz 
about  his  neck,  according  to  an  old 
book,  "  The  Myrrour,  or  Glass  of 
Hcalihe,"  formed  an  infallible  cure. 

Johnson,  a  murderer  and  celebrated 
soiuggler,  who  died  in  Chichester  jail, 
in  Feb.  174g,  had,  in  a  linen  purse, 
the  following  charm,  which,  however, 
in  his  case  proved  ineffectual,  as  he 
died  speedily  after  having  been  mea- 
sured lor  his  irons,  struck  with  horror 
at  his  situation : 

••  SMKti  Trtt  Regct 

GM|ar,  Malcbior,  Btlthazar, 
Oroie  pro  sobij,  suae  el  in  honi 
J^Iwtis  Bottrv. 
"  Ccs  billato  oat  loocba  an  troit  Utcs  da 
S.S.  Roit  a  Cologof.     lb  soot  pour  des 
vojsgeurt,  contra  wt  malhaurt  de  ckemins, 
nwux  da  tata,  mal  cadoqaa,  litvret,  isctlknt, 
toola  torta  da  malaficc,  cC  morta  tubifia." 

From  early  times,  after  the  establish- 
ment of  Christianity,  it  iccms  probably 


to  have  been  the  custom  for  kings  and 
other  great  personases  to  make  offer* 
ings  at  the  time  of  the  Epiphany,  in 
commemoration  of  the  adoration  of  the 
Magi,  which  custom  has  been  con- 
tinued down  to  modern  times.  War- 
ton  (8vo.  vol.  ii.  p.  128,  n.)  gives  an 
account  of  the  first  feast  of  the  Thrco 
Kings,  celebrated  at  Milan,  in  1336, 
taken  from  the  Chronicle  of  Gualvanct 
de  la  Flamma.     He  says : 

*'The  Three  Kings  appeared  erowned, 
on  three  gremt  horses,  richly  habited,  sur- 
rounded  by  pnge<>  body-gomrdt,  and  aa 
innnnieral)ie  retinue.  A  golden  star  was 
exhibited  in  ihe  sky,  going  before  then. 
They  prooeaded  to  the  pillars  of  S.  Law- 
rence, where  King  Herod  was  fepreseatsd 
with  hit  tcribet  and  wise  men.  The  Three 
Kings  ask  Herod  where  Christ  should  be 
born  ?  And  his  wise  men,  having  consulted 
their  books,  answer  him— At  fiethlehen. 
On  which  tlie  Three  Kings,  with  their 
golden  crowns,  having  in  their  hands  golden 
cups  filled  with  frankincense,  rojrrh,  and 
gold,  the  star  sUII  going  before,  marched  to 
the  church  of  S.  Eustorgios,  with  all  their 
attendants,  preceded  by  trumpets  and  horns, 
apes,  baboons,  and  a  gnat  variety  of  ani- 
mals. In  tlie  church,  on  one  si<M  <^  the 
high  altar,  there  was  a  manger,  with  aa  us 
and  an  ass,  and  in  it  the  infant  Christ,  hi 
the  arms  of  his  mother.  Here  the  Three 
Kings  offer  their  gif^,"  &c. 

As  a  contrast  to  this,  the  Council- 
General  of  the  Commons  at  Paris,  in 
1792,  were  pleased,  in  their  wisdom, 
to  onler  that  "La  F£te  dea  Roia*' 
(Twelfth-day)  should  thenceforth  be 
called  "  La  F^te  des  Sans  Culottes.** 

There  is  a  cnrious  tradition  respecting 
Ihe  thirty  pence  offered  by  Melchior. 
They  were  said  to  have  been  made  by 
Terah,  the  father  of  Abraham,  and 
paid  by  the  latter  for  his  place  of  se- 

Siuliure;  then  paid  by  the  Ismaelitet 
or  Joseph  ;  afterwards  paid  to  him  for 
corn,  by  his  brethren,  during  the 
scarcity ;  and  by  him  paid  to  the  royal 
treasury  of  Sheha,  for  spices  to  embalm 
his  father  Jacob,  on  his  decease.  By 
the  Queen  of  Sheba  they  were  given  to 
Solomon,  with  many  other  preseoti. 
On  the  spoiling  of  the  Temple,  in  the 
time  of  Rehoboam,  they  fell  into  the 
hands  of  the  King  of  Arabia,  and  re- 
mained in  the  treasorjr  of  that  country 
until  the  time  of  Melchior,  who  offered 
them  to  our  Saviour.  On  the  flighl 
into  Egypt,  thev  were  lost  by  the  Virgin 
Marv,  and  sobsequently  foond  by  a 
shepherd,  who  being  afterwards  af- 


380 


Mr,  Savage  on  t?ie  Hittonf  of  Howdenshire,  8(c.  [April, 


dieted  by  a  disease  incurable  by  human 
means,  was  cured  by  our  Saviour,  and 
made  an  oblation  ot  these  thirty  pieces 
of  money  at  the  altar,  whence  they 
were  taken  and  given  to  Judas  in  re- 
ward for  his  treachery  in  betraying 
Christ.  On  his  returning  them,  and 
hanging  himself,  half  of  them  were 
applied  towards  the  purchase  of  the 
potters*  field,  and  the  remaining  half 
were  given  as  bribes  to  the  soldiers 
who  guarded  the  sepulchre;  afier  which 
all  trace  of  them  is  lost.  They  were 
made  of  the  purest  gold;  the  term 
silver,  where  it  occurs  in  reference  to 
the  history  of  these  pieces  of  money, 
being  considered  by  the  legend-mongers 
as  a  mere  generic  term  for  money.  It 
is,  however^  unnecessary  at  present  to 
seek  to  reconcile  any  discrepancies  in 
traditions  of  this  nature.  Adam  Davie, 
about  1312,  in  his  "  Scripture  His- 
tories," refers  to  the  sale  of  Joseph  for 
thirty  pence : 

**  Ffor  thritti  pens  tliei  told  that  chllde, 

The  teller  highth  Judas, 
Ipo  Ruben  com  him  and  myssed  him, 

Ffor  ynow  he  was." 

On  one  side  of  these  coins  was  a 
king's  head,  crowned  ;  and  on  the  other 
side  Chaldee  letters,  but  unintelligible; 
the  value  of  each  piece  being  about 
three  florins. 

Yours,  &c,        W. 

Mr.  Urba^,        London,  April  24. 

ALLOW  me,  through  the  medium 
of  your  pages,  to  mention  that  I 
am  preparing  for  publication  a  work, 
to  be  entitled,  "The  Topographical 
History  of  the  Wapentakes  of  liow- 
denshire,  Ousc,  and  Derwent,  and 
Holme-Beacon,  in  the  East  Riding  of 
the  county  of  York.*'  This  work, 
which  has  occupied  me  from  early 
youth  to  the  present  time,  will  com- 
prise the  History  of  Howdcn,  as  a  ecu- 
traljpoint,  at  which  town  the  Bisho|)S 
of  Durham  had  anciently  one  of  their 
palaces,  in  which  many  of  them  fre- 
quently resided,  and  where  some  of 
tnem  died.  The  Church,  which  waa 
collegiate,  is  a  large  structure,  but  the 
chancel  is  now  unfortunately  in  ruins. 
The  latter,  the  eastern  portion  of 
which  is  still  standing,  with  the  oc- 
taennal  chapter-house,  affords  amj)le 
evidence  of  the  skill  and  taste  of  the 


architect,  and  is  one  of  the  chastest 
specimens  of  the  ornamented  Gothic, 
at  the  close  of  the  fourteenth  eentury, 
which  England  now  affords.  The 
tower  is  remarkable  for  the  beauty  and 
symmetry  of  its  proportions,  and  is  ge- 
nerally said  to  have  been  erected  by 
Bishop  Skirlaw,  who  has  left  some 
fine  specimens  of  his  archiieotural 
skill  and  taste  in  other  places,  parti- 
cularly in  the  chapel  of  Skirlaugh  in 
Holderness,  where  he  was  bom,  and 
from  which  village  he  assomed  his 
local  surname.  The  Bishops  of  Dur- 
ham acquired  this  town  and  manor 
from  the  Conqueror,  and  afterwards 
obtained  for  it  from  the  Crown  at  va- 
rious periods  many  important  privileges 
and  franchises.  The  account  of  the 
rivers  Humber,  Ouse,  and  Derwent, 
will  afford  manv  interesting  materials, 

[particularly  in  tne  early  periods  of  our 
listory,  when  the  Norwegians  used  to 
sail  in  numerous  fleeu,  and  land  their 
marauding  forces  in  the  adjacent 
neighbourhood.  The  genealogical  his- 
tory of  this  district  will  comprise  an 
account  of  many  ancient  families;  as 
the  Saltmarshes  of  Saltmarsh,  and 
Methams  of  Metham ;  the  Moncktons 
of  Cavil,  afterwards  Viscounts  Gal- 
way  ;  the  Portingtons  of  Portington ; 
Ellerkers  of  Ellerker;  Akeroyds  of 
Foggathorp;  Vavasors  of  Spaldington; 
Langdalet,  Barons  Langdale  of  Holme ; 
Palmes'  of  Naburn ;  Dolmans  of  Pock- 
lington  and  Kilpin ;  Askesof  Aughton ; 
Babthorpes  of  Babthorpe,  &c.  The 
religious  houses  were  those  of  Ellerton 
and  ThickeL 

In  the  compilation  of  this  work  I 
propose  to  follow  nearly  the  same  plan, 
more  especially  in  the  illustrations  of 
Domesday  Bonk  and  of  English  anti- 
quities, that  I  have  pursued  in  the 
History  of  the  Hundred  of  Carhamp- 
ton,  in  the  county  of  Somerset,  which 
I  have  recently  published. 

I  feel  anxious  to  render  this  work 
worthy  of  the  public  favour,  and  being 
a  native  of  Howden,  where  more  than 
half  my  life  has  been  spent,  that  cir- 
cumstance has  given  energy  to  my  re- 
searches, and  prompted  me  with  un- 
ceasing industry  to  collect  an  extensive 
stock  of  materials,  which  I  am  now 
arranging  for  the  press. 

Youis,  &c.  Jambs  Savaob. 


i8sa] 


C  8«i   3 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


Norlh  Durfmm,  fart  /.  fly  the  Rev.  Judm 
Raim,  M,^.  iCcdCe,  Folio,  pp.  18S. 
jtfpetiUxt  f^  1 6t.  Niaholi Md  Son. 

THR  arehives  cyf  the  C«th«dnil  of 
Durham  are  rich  in  records  of 
▼•rious  kinds  I  and  among  them  are 
mony  illustrative  of  the  niannen  and 
CfMtoins  of  «*  olden  times."  These  are 
the  matters  which  confer  interest  Dpon 
archseology,  and  render  it  dfamartic 
and  pieiuffeR|oe.  If  so,  a  cm  htmc 
man  who  sneers  at  it  as  a  frivolotts  and 
useless  parsart,  beeaose  it  is  not  auxi- 
liary to  food,  clothing,  or  profit,  is  to 
be  classed  with  htm  whose  bad  taste 
despises  the  shrubbery,  and  admires 
only  the  cabbage  gardtn. 

The  historical  matters  are  treated  by 
Mr.  Raine  with  much  critical  acumen 
■nd  iiidicious  remark.  To  these  are 
added  extractt  from  compotuses,  in- 
ventories, and  the  varioas  records  of 
the  monks  of  Liodiafome,  in  which 
we  are  for  the  first  time  presented  with 
a  compete  view  of  the  domestic  eco- 
nomy of  a  monotiery  for  upwards  of 
two  ceniaries;  and  great  light  is  thrown 
upon  llie  manufactures,  ntensils,  and 
eon%Tnienees  in  general  of  oor  ancestors. 
Ttie  comirnction  of  all  soch  thin^ 
was  in  a  heavy,  lumpish  style,  though 
oreasicmBlly  gorgeotn^  became  it  was  a 
principle  to  consolt  duration  and  |ier- 
manency  {  and  if  Gothic  architecture 
aeems  to  contradict  this  position  by  its 
lightness,  that  will  upon  examination 
be  found  a  deception,  a  conceolment 
of  solidity,  or  a  mathematical  arrange- 
ment, which  insured  peroKinence. 

These  inventories,  very  |iroperly 
tranOated  into  English  by  Mr,  Raine, 
(who  nevrrtheiefts  does  not  omit  to 
add  the  original  words  where  nfce»- 
sary,)  required  much  glossarial  and 
sometimes  hacardous  interpretation. 
Considering  the  whole,  wiin  a  view 
to  the  qnantily,  Mr.  Raine  is  entitled 
to  high  praise  for  the  pains  which  he 
lias  taken,  and  the  felicity  of  his  snc- 
€ess.  We  shall  first  notice  some  words 
iefk  ones  plained,  that  we  may  add  our 
own  humble  conlribation  of  a  few 
more  ingiedients  to  complete  the  dish. 

RuNciNUS  (p.  8f).  Mr. Raine  con- 
ceives it  to  have  been  a  pony,  because 
Vrry  has  so  rendered  it,  io  his  Anoo- 

<>B«T.  NfAR.  Aprif,  lft.to. 

5 


tations  npon  Chauoer.  Bat  to  svch 
an  editorial  task  Urry  was  inoompe* 
trnL  RoHcinut  or  runoimu  is  only  a 
LatinisiD  of  the  Fieuch  nmum,  whieAt 
Colgrave  translates  "  a  cnrtally  or 
strong  German  horse/'  (See  Fos- 
broke*s  Berkelev  MiiS.  p.  1 12).  Tyr* 
whit  (Gloss.  Chauc.  ▼.  rouncie)  calls 
it  •  common  hackney  horse,  and  refcfs 
to  Du  Cange,  v.  mnciRitf. 

Draobt  (p.  88),  correctly  cakes  or 
|iasti1s.  Cotgrave's  de6niiKio  is  an 
auxiliary  illustration  of  the  presumed 
medical  use.  **Dr&gei/*  he  saya,  *'  m 
a  kind  of  digestive  powder,  usually 
prescribed  unto  weakc  atomaekes  allrr 
meat ;  and  hence  any  jonkets,  comfets, 
or  sweetmeau,  aen'ed  in  at  the  laH 
course  (or  otherwise)  for  stomaeke* 
closers." 

CAPiftTRia,  we  render  <as  being  the 
same  as  the  Preach  cheutiires)  by 
kaiiers  or  head-stalls. 

SAUVAPts.  (na|ikins)  p.  gs.  Tiie 
same  as  iunmpts.  We  add  to  Mr. 
Raine's  note  the  followiag  extracts 
from  the  Ordinances  of  Royal  House* 
holds : 

**  If  the  King*  keepa  ntatt  ia  hit  cham- 
byr,  thcae  oshert  naka  the  estate  io  the 
ntrmpe."  (UU  Nig.  Dom.  £d.  IV.  p.  s$.) 

Again, 

**  Lay  the  mrMpe  frir  the  King  to  wash 
vHb."  (Hoiuh.  Art.  H.  VII.  hi  p.  1 16.) 

Hacks  (p.  loO).  Hedgebills  are 
still  callefl  hacker t  tn  Herefordshire. 

PuLiPiKB  Cp.  I06).  Pick  is  still 
used  in  the  West  of  England  for  a 
pilch- fork.  Query,  if  it  be  not  a  cor« 
ruption  from  pfi:e  and  puliian  (A.  S. 
veilere),  meaning  a  forked  drag  still  in 
use?  But  pol  is  hasia,  and  it  may  b^ 
merely  a  pitclifork  with  a  very  long 
handle,  as  is  now  used  for  loading. 

Bbc  or  IRON  (p.  107).  This  no- 
curs  amon^  the  tools  of  masons.  Bee 
from  a  bird's  beak,  signified  among 
the  French,  pincers  §  and  in  Colgrave 
we  have  "  Bee  d^Asuc,  a  toole  belong- 
ing  to  a  mason.** 

MALB-SADDLB(pp.  I  1 1,  115)     MaU 

is  a  portmanteau,  and  this  was  a  saddle 
fitted  to  such  a  purpose. 

RETir-flTAiiBs  (p.  1 14),  for  the  mill. 
These  were  apparently  scones  of  a  pure 
quality^  from  rerx,  A.  Sax.  purut. 


3W 


Review,— Rhine's  North  Durham, 


[April, 


Cacab'k  (p.  114).  This  was  a 
brazen  vessel,  used  in  the  kitchen. 
Caeuhus  was  the  boih'ng  water  urdeal 
(see  Dii  Cange) ;  and  that  a  brazen  ves- 
sel was  one  liind  of  the  cauldrons  used, 
may  be  seen  from  the  Glossary  quoted, 
V.  Aqva J ervtntis  judicium, 
*-  Panooxatorium  (pp.  114,  118, 
124),  is  a  brewhouse.  oee  Du  Cange, 
Cowell,  &c. 

SOMBRSADILL  (p.  115),   C.  g.  SUmp' 

ier-taddle,  for  a  baggage  horse. 
'   Deptngs  (p.  115).    This  term,  be- 
cause connected   with    fishing-tackle, 
applies,  we  think,  to  weights  for  sink- 
ing the  nets,  or  sounding-lines. 

■    CiLICiO    PRO    URSTRINO    (p.  123). 

The  definition  of  the  term  ursirinum 
we  know  not ;  but  it  appears  from  Du 
Cange,  that  skins  or  felted  stuff,  called 
ciiicia,  were  used  to  protect  warlike 
engines  from  the  Greek  fire  (v.  Ct7t- 
cium).  Whether  ursirinum  meant  an 
oven  or  furnace,  we  know  not ;  but 
very  possibly  the  purpose  of  the  ct'/t- 
cium  was  the  same  as  that  mentioned 
in  the  quotation,  in  prevention  of  con- 
flagration. 

'  Weitdis  (p.  124).  "  1  cross-bow 
with  one  wendis"  Wendis  *'  is  the 
windlass  by  which  the  bow  was 
drawn.'* 

PoLiTRED,  "2  iievts  polyfred"  (p. 
124).  From  voXvq  and  f^ix^^f  ^^^ 
the  occurrence  of  poltfiric  in  Cotgrave, 
we  are  inclined  to  surmise  "sieves 
with  many  hairs.*' 

Petychrnors.  "A  pax  (tabula) 
with  the  crucifix,  and  Q  pctj^cheiiors 
gilt.'*  (p.  125.)  We  conceive  rhat 
**  petitioners,*'  or  j)ersons  praying  or 
kneeling  are  meant. 

By  inquiry  among  the  several  trades 
to  whicii  the  articles  appertain,  we 
think  that  many  other  dubious  terms 
may  be  ascertained ;  perhaps  from 
iCrabbe's  Technical  Dictionary  or  simi- 
lar works. 

Mr.  Raine's  work  is  far  too  copious 
Cor  us  to  extract  all  the  matter  interest- 
insto  the  antiquary  or  curious  reader. 

The  two  following  matters  are 
amusing. 

Bishop  Robert  dc  TnsulA  was  born 
of  \ery  poor  parents,  and  upon  attain- 
ing the  see  placed  his  mother  in  the 
situation  of  a  lady,  with  a  suite  of  ser- 
vants, &c.  So  far  from  the  change 
being  a  grmification  4o  her, 

**  Graystaues  mvites  her  assert  in  round 
ttrms,  that  the  main  source  of  ber  discon- 
tent was  tlve  shameful  tibedience  of  her  ser- 


vants, through  which  she  was  deprived  of 
the  release  of  heart  that  she  experienced  in 
being  angry  and  sc(»Idiag,  <  Cum  dice  huic 
vade,  currit,  et  iWi,  veni,  genihus  se  proater- 
nit,  et  ita  omnia  aerviunt  inihi  ad  nutiim, 
quod  non  habeo  uode  irascendu  dilatare  poa* 
sIm  cor  meum." — ^p.  6. 

It  seems  that  wonderful  oxen  were 
as  much  noticed  two  hundred  years 
ago  as  now. 

*  A  proclamation  contains  the  parti- 
culars of  a  great  ox,  weighed  at  La- 
thom  in  Lancashire,  13  June,  1630, 
as  follows: 

«The  blood  liolb.;  the  bide  164  lb.; 
the  four  quarters  1 186  lbs.  i  she  chine  988 
lbs. ;  the  intrals  61 1  lbs.;  the  head  69  lbs. ; 
the  feet  40  lbs.;  the  testes  lllba.;  the 
tongue  1 1  lbs.  Total,  £868  lbs.  He  was 
five  yards  wanting  a  haadfuU  long;  9  yards 
and  a  handfiill  high  ;  he  was  8  yards  and  a 
handfull  about  In  the  girth."^p.  97. 

Physiologisu  know  that  castrated 
animals,  at  pigs  and  capons,  fatten 
faster  than  those  of  the  unmutilated 
class.  Prise  oxen  are,  therefore,  phi- 
losophically speaking,  specimens  of  an 
unnatural  description. 

^  With  the  extension  of  liberty  and 
civilixatioD,  it  it  only  a  truism  to  say, 
that  enormous  crimes  connected  with 
tiatet  of  barbarism  and  ferocity  do 
decrease.  It  hat  been  affirmed,  with 
e%-ery  token  of  veracity,  that  Elizabeth 
wished  the  Scottish  Mary  to  be  re- 
moved by  poison,  and  that  Leicester 
practised  such  secret  attatsination,  and 
perished  himielf  in  the  tame  way. 
The  ttory  of  Or erbury  it  also  beliered. 
Nevertheless,  these  said  poisoning 
courtiers,  although  they  might  do  to 
on  their  own  account,  would  not  ex- 
tend the  favour  to  others,  by  way  of 
deputation.  Elisabeth  certainly  did 
entertain  a  wish  for  the  assassination 
of  Mary.  (See  Nicolas^'t  Life  of  Da- 
vison, pp.  144,  1A3,  &c.)  It  was  her 
favourite  tcheme  (id,  p.  l60),  and  if 
the  even  went  to  far  at  to  tiga  the 
death-warrant  of  her  beloved  £ttex, 
who,  in  respect  to  political  power* 
was  a  contemptible  enemy,  it  it  plain 
that  the  thought  as  unabttraciedly  of 
murder  at  her  father  or  sitter.  All  of 
them  deemed  it  a  very  teriooi  measure, 
only  to  be  adopted  undtr  es|remiii«t, 
but  not  abhorrent,  at  under  modern 
tdeat.  We  therefore  think,  from  the 
mannert  of  the  times,  that  some  credit 
is  due  to  the  following  statement. 

George  Hume,  EarTof  Dunbar,  died 
2g  Jan.  l6l  1,  and  it  is  aiiegated  that 


18S0.] 


RBTiBw.-~ilffli9ifiiiet  tif  Aihvu* 


lis 


*'  Whh  MHM  tdhfeu  of  ni{^,  ghm  lilm 
for  •sptHiii^  tilt  cold  I17  S«eratwj  Cceil,  Im 
WM  poisoned  i  which  was  welt  Iwowb  bj 
th«  HcAlh  of  Maitis  Sougir,  a  doctor,  who, 
Uy  Uyioc  his  fio^r  on  hit  heart,  sod  touch* 
ing  it  With  hii  tongue,  died  within  s  few  dsjs 
theiesfter;  sod  bj  the  relstiim  of  hb  ser* 
ysnt  nf  hit  chsmher,  Sir  Jsmet  Bsilie,  who 
Mw  him  get  tlie  tsblets  from  the  tsid  secre- 
tsrj,  snd  who  hsvinc  esten  s  tmsll  psrcel  of 
then  hiroeelf,  ttmck  sll  out  in  blisters,  hut 
by  strength  of  .body  lie  escaped  dosth."— 
p.  9!i, 

Conceding  that  the  result  of  death, 
through  merely  touching  the  Inxiy  of  a 
poisoned  subject,  is  an  absurd  exag- 
geration ;  and  denying  admission  of 
ilie  story,  as  actually  true,  yet  ihete 
was  nothing  in  the  manners  of  the 
limes  which  excites  doubt  or  impro- 
bability. 

-  We  are  among  those  who  consider 
missions  rery  proper  and  good  things, 
when  conducted  by  persons  who  do 
not  make  of  them  means  of  raising 
money,  upon  false  pretences,  by  shows 
and  exhibitions,  so  as  to  |iocket  fifteen 
shillings  in  the  pound,  and  gire  only 
five  to  the  giant  or  dwarf  (as  the  case 
may  be)  exhibited.  Allowing  the 
principals  in  such  concerns  the  credit 
of  rising  higher  than  showmen,  even 
to  the  rank  of  conjurors,  we  still  have 
a  strong  opinion  ol  the  moral  turpitude 
of  extorting  from  the  English  public 
annuities  and  subscriptions  for  mere 
moonshine.  Captain  Dundas  Coch- 
rane says,  that  three  Missionaries  have 
been  sent  to  Selenginsk  in  Siberia, 
without  knowing  a  word  of  tlie  lan- 
guage of  the  countries  to  which  they 
were  sent,  and  have  resided  there  in 
too  comfortable  a  birth  to  be  given  up, 
without  having  made  a  tingle  comber/; 
and  that  it  wooU  be  as  well  for  the 
people  of  England,  if  they  would  con- 
sider the  poor  of  their  own  country, 
instead  of^  squandering  iheir  money 
U|)on  idle  speculations.  There  is  ano- 
ther important  fact. 

Missionaries  themselves  have  not  al- 
ways judgment  or  knowledge  of  the 
worhl  sufficient  for  their  office.  Even 
a  saint  of  the  ievenik  eeniwy  thus  ad- 
dresaed  a  mtsaiooaiy,  aa  ia  quoted  by 
Mr.  Raine: 

"You  seem,  my hralher,  to  have  acted 
Injudiciously,  sad  to  have  formed  too  high 
espeetatioos  with  regard  to  yoor  unenlti- 
vated  heaiers.  If  jtm  had  instructed  tbtm 
in  the  plain  and  intelligible  rudiosenU  of 
Cbrbtiaaity,  yuur  labows  would  probably 


have  beaa  attended  wkh  snecess;  Bat 

you  kdioored  the  ratbar  to  ineulcatc  its  ah* 
strase  and  aiysierions  doetrinas,  no  wonder 
that  yon  were  diiappoiatcd  in  your  axpecu- 
tioiM."^p.  69. 

Now  the  philosopher  knows  thct 
religion*  fends  are  imphicahle,  and  that 
the  promulgation  of  exclusive  doeirinea 
has  that  effect.  Bishops  Middletow 
and  Heber  say,  that  such  a  creation  of 
party  bitterness  and  faction  has  liecn 
the  omsequence  of  modern  sectarian 
missions  in  India;  and  therefore  the 
remark  of  a  Bishop  of  the  seventh  cen- 
tury has  weight  now,  as  it  had  in  liis 
own  time.  We  are  no  enemies  to 
missions;  we  are  only  hostile  to  per* 
sons  who  undertake  public  dutiei, 
without  yet  knowing  how  to  manage 
them,  and  claim  apostolical  distinc- 
tions, without  not  only  inspiration^ 
but  even  common  sense. 

(To  he  continued.) 


j1ntHfititit»  of  AtheriM  and  •Ihrr  Placet  in 
Greece,  Sicily^  ifc.  Sapplemeniary  to  ike 
Antiquitiea  ofAlheat.  By  Jsmes  Stnart, 
F,RS,  F.S.A.  and  Nicholas  Revett.  DeU- 
nealed  and  iilattraied  /-y  C  R.  CockstalU 
A,ltA,  FS^.  W.  Kinnard,  T.  L.  Do- 
naldson, W.  Jenkins,  W.  Railtoo,  Archie 
teett,  Fblume  ike  Fourth,  In^.  folio. 
Platet, 

SOME  time  has  elapsed  since  we 
noticed  the  preceding  volumes  of  this 
superb  work  (see  %'ol.  xcyiii.  pi  231 
el  anlea).  This  supplementary  adjnnei 
applies  to  Grecian  antiquities  either 
not  hitherto  dtscribed,  or  incorrectly 
edited.  Of  course  such  characteristics 
carry  with  them  their  own  oommeiMl* 
ation. 

With  such  books  we  are  delighted. 
In  the  arts  of  Greece  there  is  glory,  for 
that  is  such  which  elevates  the  imagi* 
nation  to  wonder.  These  acts  cxbibii 
the  taste  and  feeling  which  aciuMc 
Nature  in  the  production  of  her  grand- 
est efforts.  It  is  in  the  works  of  this 
nation  of  astonishing  intellect,  that 
bodjf  is  placed  in  its  natural  inlerior 
subjection  to  sou^;  thai  the  divinity  of 
mind  dignifiea  the  grossest  forms  of 
being;  inat  savages  arc  elevated  into 
heroes,  philosophers  into  gods;  that 
even  Knsualtty  is  divested  of  disgust. 
The  soul  itaell,  as  speaking  in  the  liv- 
ing eye  (generally  im|ioasible  to  be  de- 
picted), appears  in  similar  power  of 
expression  to  have  been  diffused  over 
a  whole  sutiie  or  a  buiUJing ;  for  tli^ 


n€ 


RmriKw^^^AniiqmUtm  4if  Aihenii 


[Afvil 


Bclvidere  A  polio  has  id  k  ndbiiig  Im** 
man  i  and  la  beamy  or  c^nfomuMian^ 
the  6  nest  flower  does  not  exceed  the 
Choragic  Monoment  of  Lysicrates. 
Even  the  hnnds  and  fingera  of  the 
artiat  seem  to  have  been  endowed  with 
the  facuhy  of  thinking,  and  the  very 
touch  of  the  roarhle,  to  have  resembled 
the  divine  attribute  of  creation;  to 
have  generated  life  out  of  nothing.  We 
fth«ill«  however,  proceed  no  further 
with  these  euU^iums ;  for  we  have  a 
long  catalogue  to  give  and  discuss  of 
the  subjects  before  us. 

The  vignette  of  the  *ille-page  repro* 
sents  an  altar  at  £|)h«sus.  The  de- 
sign is  fantastic,  and  yet  is  siugularly 
elegant.  The  two  arms  of  a  female 
figure  are  beat  into  the  foron  of  corou* 
copiay,  and  an  ox's  head  forms  the 
centre  of  a  featoon  of  flowers  ;  never^ 
theiess,  there  is  nothing  absurd  or  gr<H 
tesque  in  the  KfoupioK- 

The  first  article  is  the  Temple  of  Ju" 
piler  Olympics  ai  Agrigenlum,  com- 
niitnlu  called  the  Temple  of  the  Giants^ 
b^  C  R.  Cockerel!,  architect,  ^c. — 
From  this  magnificent  edifice  we  And, 
that  when  the  quirries  on  the  spot  did 
not  fumisli  stone  of  sufficient  scantling 
or  strength  for  disengaged  columns 
with  episiylia  of  the  prcxligious  dimen- 
sions rrqaired,  they  inclosed  the  inter- 
columnia.  (p.  3.)  The  great  curiosity 
of  the  remains  consists  in  the  figuires 
of  titans  or  giants,  25  feet  hifth,  backed 
against  pilasters,  what  the  Greeks  call« 
ed  Atlantes,  the  Latins  Telamon$^  and 
we  (absurdly,  because  the  term  appliea  . 
only  to  female  figures,)  Cariatides« 
From  the  occurrence  of  similar  fiycurea 
facing  pilasters  in  Egypt  (the  Mem- 
nonium,  &c.)  and  the  eyes  of  theaa 
figures  having  the  Egyptian  character, 
we  coniidf  r  these  reniains  as  a  pnmi* 
tive  specimen  of  the  art  of  architco* 
lure,  when  first  borrowed  froaa  th« 
Egyptians,  and  improved  upon. 

Our   authors    obaerve,    concerning 
this  temple, 

**  Two  roetbodt  of  beildidg  templei  were 
prsetiMd  by  ths  GfMks  i  the  ooe  aUowad  of 
making  tht  uaoa  the  whole  width  of  tbs 
ismplfl,  and  the  othtr  surrounding  it  with 
coluiiioi  {  eitlier  method  is  adopted  in  this 
huUJioff,  for  the  columns  are  inserted  in  tha 
walU  of  the  naos,  appearing  circular  with- 
out, and  square  within)  their  periphery 
without  it  30  feet,  and  the  flutingt  are  large 
enough  to  receive  the  liody  of  a  man ;  with- 
in icU  Hfeet."— p.  t. 

The  most  rn&tructlve  details  and  il* 
tiMtratioiis  acconijMiiy  the  plates. 


The  next  arttde  ntfatea  to 
ties  ai  Athmm  and  Dehs,  fay  Willi 
KimMfd,  architect. 

The  Prtfpyhea  at  Athens  fom  lh« 
first  okject.  1 1  a  ppeart  that  the  dttign 
was  not  in  correct  taste,  "jMrtica- 
larly  as  regards  the  j»xta-position  of 
columns  of  different  orders  and  alti- 
tude."   NcTcrthelesa^ 


'<  It  is  very  evkieat,  tint  at  iha 
to  the  sacred  periboivs  of  the  AoropoKs,  tiM 
ancient  pictorial  effect  of  thu  Mric,  ftoQ 
its  perspective  eonUiinatioD,  as  a  foreground 
with  the  first  distinct  view  of  the  surpassing 
Parthenon^  most  have  excited  eqnal  admi- 
ration with  tha  daring  mogaificeiice  of  its 


coniCnictioB« 


1.5. 


In  p.  7,  we  have  a  valuable  disqui* 
sition  upon  Grecian  oraaoieot.  Our 
authors  think  that  these  decorationa 
bad  DO  symbolic  meaning  whatever, 
but  were  originally  borrowed  from  the 
East,  and  rewred  to  one  common  pro* 
totype,  connected  with  oriental  iciola« 
try.  (p.  12.)  The  solid  marble  vasea 
which  accompany  Greek  tombs,  are 
auppoaed  by  our  aiuhora  to  have  been 
"used  as  stela  or  grave-stones,  and 
that  no  inference  can  be  drawn  from 
some  of  them  being  on  inscribed,  be- 
cause they  might  have  been  erected  on 
inscribed  iiedestalaorcolumna.**  (p.19.) 
Among  these  monuments  is  a  Funic 
inscription.  The  letters  very  much 
resemble  our  Arabic  numerals. 

Passing  by  a  fine  view  and  plan  of 
the  Pnyx  at  Athens,  and  sundiy  frag» 
ments,  we  distinguish  PL  \v,  fi^  l, 
because  it  gives  the  apparent  realort- 
gin  of  the  arch,  via.  long  curved  stones, 
pbced  on  strong  abutments,  and  meet- 
ing at  top,  so  that  the  resistance  of  the 
abutments  prevented  their  falling  in. 

The  Temple  qf  Apolh  EpUmriut  mi 
Baseee  near  Pki^Ui^  and  9tker  Anii* 
f  aodrt  m  ike  Peltpommenu*  Illustcated 

S  Thomas  Leverioo  Donaldson^  ar- 
itect,  &C. 

We  are  told  in  f.  4,  that  the  cek* 
brated  Apollo  Belviderc  ia  probabW  a 
copy  of  the  Apollo  Alexicacoa  of  Car 
lamis.  The  position  of  this  tenplc 
differs  from  that  of  most  others,  aa  it 
lies  north  ^nd  south  (p.  9) ;  and  it  baa 
a  lateral  door,  and  an  arrangienient  oi 
the  engaged  columns  of  the  oelU  not 
to  be  found  elsewhere. — ^p.  10. 

Description  of  ike  Entrance  Gaic  /# 
the  City  (ff  Meueme.-^Wn  here  find 
thedifierence  between  the  parad  loada 
of  the  Greeks  and  thoae  of  the  B/^ 


188a] 


R^rntw^^JbUiqukim  of  iflAciit^ 


Biant  (  tboM  of  ike  former  in  genaml 
coMMied  of  obloog  bloelM  of  stone« 
while  ibe  Roman  wcte  ibrmeJ  of  poly- 
gonal Mocks  of  immenie  ihicknctat 
Saving  ih€  imerslicea  at  iht  aoc^let 
filled  Willi  flioti»  aiid  in  tome  iiw 
tiaoeet,  at  ai  Pompeti*.  wiih  wedges  of 
iron  and  granile*  and  having  on  an 
korisonial  plane  the  same  appearance 
as  the  vertical  lace  of  a  Cyclopean  wall. 

— i:  ^* 
The  grand  distinction  of  Meiiene  is 

ilie  city  wails,  the  work  of  Epami* 

nondas,  anno  37 1  B.C. 

<'The  wbIIs  an  the  most  perfcct  eniii« 
ptta  of  the  kiod  i  for,  althouch  the  edifiecs 
vithia  the  oity  named  bj  Pautaniu  ave 
■otdy  deitrcjedy  aad  two  er  three  alooe 
■how  MiiDe  trwhl  tracca  of  their  tUett  vet  a 
great  part  ef  toe  eifey  valb  ttill  rt aaia  little 
injured  by  the  ravages  of  rnaay  ages.  They 
were  boili  ia  the  ttyle  of  constniction  called 
by  Vittuviut  i^«:XncTOy»  which  he  deftcribei 
aa  having  only  the  facet  worked,  but  the  in- 
temediate  tpaoet  filled  up  with  rouj^h 
•tooet  held  together  by  morur.  <Oiir 
people/  layt  be,  '  who  ecek  despatch,  w«irk 
the  two  fi!ces,  and  io  the  middle  throw  in 
•tones  and  mortar.  The  Greeks,  however, 
do  not  execute  their  work  io  this  roanuer, 
bat  build  also  the  Interior  with  worked 
Uoeln,  and  tie  the  walls  together  here  aad 
there  with  Uoeki  that  ran  o  jite  throogh  i 
whereftNt  they  do  fill  ia  with  rough  awie* 
rial,  but  with  thoee  headers  streagtlien  the 
wall  the  whole  width,  as  though  it  ware  a 
ctNopact  body,  taking  the  whole  depth  from 
one  part  to  the  other,  and  these  they  call 
IftdstevM,  which,  by  tying  the  walls  toge- 
ther, considerably  add  to  their  ttreagth.**— * 
p.  99. 

It  is  elsewhere  noticed  by  Mr.  D(v 
naldeon  (Temple  of  Apollo  Epicurius, 
p.  9),  that  there  is  no  example  in  an* 
cient  architecture,  which  perfectly 
coincides  with  the  roles  laid  aown  by 
Viirovios ;  and  that  reliance  can  only 
be  placed  on  his  precepts,  when  he 
qtMMes  more  ancient  aathors,  or  names 
the  examples,  cm  which  he  founds  his 
principles.  Such  has  been  the  case 
with  regard  to  these  walls  of  Messenty 
for  ihey 

•*  Ctfmtine  ike  Rtmtn  ami  ike  Greemm 
emmruHmm  ;  the  fiMca  era  worked  with  re- 
gaiar  blocks  of  stoae,  aad  at  distances  from 
seven  to  ten  £tet,  have  tmaeverse  walla, 
whidi  act  aa  ^icsroMi,  and  tie  in  the  two 
walisi  ibe  gieat  depth  af  iha  vail  raodarad 
it  dificalt  to  proeam  Uaeka  af  stone  to  ran 
the  whole  depth,  bat  die  iataraMdiata  bays 
ate  fiMed  with  rubble  work  ia  the  AeiMa 


cr. 


>t 


1.82. 


A  pecoliariiy  of  cboea  mXk  ia  a  diw 
cnlar  court,  into  which  tha  nortlwiia 
tntranoa  opened.  It  is  presomad  Io 
have  been  tUnked  by  two  tolid  towan^ 
at  the  first  entrance.  This,  if  omitdL 
only  introduced  the  anemy  into  tho 
circle.  He  was  thus  expoted  ia  okiso 
mass,  to  the  miuih^s  of  tne  besieged  oa 
the.circomamhient  walls,  Theia  i^ 
mains  also  a  sqnare  tower,  CPiupaiad 
of  two  stories,  but  without  a  suircasa^ 
so  that  it  is  probable  a  moveaUa  ImU 
der  was  the  substitute. 

"The  iataess  of  the  roef  eaaUed  the 
eooibataBU  to  aanoy  their  eaemiea  from  the 
lop  of  the  tower.  Oa  each  akle  of  the  up- 
per windows  are  souare  h^ies  perfisfuted 
through  the  wall,  which  probably  raceired 
some  iron  work  to  defend  the  openibg,-* 
the  lower  openings  were  sjdayed  to  admit 
Fight,  and  to  allow  of  a  areater  range  lor 
the  archers  from  the  chamber.  At  certala 
distances  there  were  flights  of  staoa,  wlUch 
led  on  to  the  walls  f^m  the  Intcnor  of  the 
city,  and  again  from  the  walls,  some  fiiw 
sups  ascended  or  descended  to  the  level  at 
the  floor  of  the  towers."— -p.  28. 

Bj  examining  the  plate  of  this  tower, 
it  will  appear  ihn  the  battlements  ft 
only  horisonul  on,  as  we  suppose,  the 
exterior  half;  and  that  the  top  stones 
of  these  horisontal  batxlements  are 
triangular,  like  prisms.  The  battle- 
ments of  the  interior  hslf  descend  like 
a  staircase,  and  consist  of  flat  stones* 
The  stones  of  the  tower  are  of  cfchw 
pean  massiness,  and  have  no  regufaritj 
of  courKS,  while  the  town  vnSk  coo* 
sist  of  long  stones  in  regular  mnsMit 
ihe  joinu  falling  on  the  centre  of  the 
stone  below.  In  our  Gothic  arehtteo^ 
tore,  especially  in  the  end  of  the  lath 
century,  battlements  appear  with  only 
a  coping  stone  on  the  top,  and  another 
in  tne  aperture.  Such  is  the  fashion 
of  the  battlements  in  these  walls,  and 
iJm  only  dificrenca  from  our  aaedisBvil 
specimens  is  the  shallowness  of  the 
open  interval,  thus.  i^  >  ^  ■■ 
In  this  tower,  as  in  that  uf  ArgoafSoott 
to  be  descrtbcd,  is  a  Gothic  wiadow, 
compoaed  of  two  opri^t  jaaiba^  and  a 
heao  of  a  reetangled  triangle. 

In  the  same  piila  we  have  ikt  plmt^ 
eUvaiim,  and  taelfen,  ^a  Phrpctmim 
or  Tower  wear  Argot, 

Ttiis  tower  is  externally  a  pjrrnrifl^ 
with  a  Gothic  entrance  (as  we  aufi* 
pose),  thoagb  wnlled  npu  Tbia  cn»> 
trance,  aa  we  understand  tlie  plate,  dM 
not  open  into  tha  chamber  within, 
but  into  a  passage,  at  the  famtom  nf 


39^  Review.— Xeilm  of  Lbcke^  Sldnejf,  and  Skafieshurp.    CApHS^ 


which  was  a  side  door,  that  did  com- 
nunicate  with  the  interior^  This  in- 
terior did  not  follow  the  pyramidal 
form  of  the  circumference,  but  was  a 
perpendicular  parallelogram,  so  that 
the  protection  at  the  base  must  have 
been  more  than  double  that  of  the  up- 
per part.  There  is  a  similarity,  in  the 
exterior  form  of  this  building,  to  that 
of  our  Scotch  Duns,  though  n6ne 
within  ;  but  the  construction  of  both 
teems  to  have  been  founded  upon  de- 
fensive principles,  and  a  plan  which 
precluded  either  conflagration  or  de- 
struction. (See  Encycl.  of  Antiq.  i.  87.) 
'  We  give  Mr.  Donaldson's  account 
of  this  tower : 

"  The  subject  of  the  preceding  pUte 
{that  f)f  the  walls  of  Messene),  aod  part  of 
this,  being  illustrative  of  the  military  archi- 
tecture of  the  Greeks,  we  have  thought  it 
interesting  to  the  reader  to  give  the  remains 
of  one  of  the  watch-towers,  termed  by  them 
^fvxrv^tm  from  ^urot,  a  *  torch  or  beacon,' 
•s  in  them  guards  were  placed  to  observe 
and  announce  the  approach  of  the  enemy, 
or  any  other  circumstances,  and  to  commu- 
nicate notice  of  the  event  to  the  nearest 
station  by  fires.  By  day  the  ascent  of  tlia 
amoke  conveyed  the  intelligence,  and  the 
glare  of  the  flame  by  night.  The  position 
p£  this  tower  commands  from  a  grtat  dis- 
tance a  view  of  the  defiles  that  led  from  the 
territories  of  Tegea  and  Mantinea,  to  that 
of  Arffos.  The  peculiarity  of  the  plan  ren- 
ders tne  lower  chamber  most  dangerous  of 
approach,  and  difficult  of  access  to  as- 
sailants. It  appears  most  probable  that 
there  was  one,  or  perhaps  more  than  one, 
other  story  above.  This  is  one  of  the  few 
mneient  examples  to  be  found  of  a  walJy 
whose  external  face  diverges  from  the  fier- 
pendicular  so  rapidly  towards  the  founda- 
tion ;  a  tower  near  the  grove  of  Esculapius, 
and  part  of  the  citadel  of  Chserooea,  have  a 
similar  peculiarity  of  construction." — p.  28. 

Telegraphs  were  certainly  known  to 
the  Greeks,  but  such  an  appropriation 
is  not  wholly  satisfactory.  It  appears 
from  Fosbroke's  "ForeigfiTopography" 
(a  work  that  contains  the  substance  of 
all  the  great  Travellers'  works),  that 
there  were  two  pyramids,  adjacent  to 
Argos  (p.  143).  Pausanias,  in  his  way 
from  Argos  to  Epidauros,  before  he 
reached  Tiryns,  passed  by  an  edifice  of 
a  pyramidal  form,  which  contained  the 
shields  of  those  who  perished  in  a 
battle  which  was  fought  on  this  spot, 
hetween  Prstos  and  Acrisius  (id.  p. 
211).  The  most  ancient  pyramid  known 
is  that  of  the  Tower  of  Babel,  and  the 
intention  of  that  was  an  observatory  or 
temple  of  Isabawn  (worship  of  the 


heavenlv  bodies),  and  therefore  w« 
think  that  the  pyramidal  form  had  tf 
for  more  ancient  derivation  and  meaiw 
ing,  though  possibly  lost  in  after-timety' 
than  that  of  a  mere  watch-toWer  for  a 
telegraph.  There  ia  an  assimilation 
between  the  square  blocks  composnig 
the  walls  of  thia  pyramid,  and  the 
Gate  of  the  Lions  at  Mycenie,  which 
will  allow  a  Cyclopean  origin;  anil 
the  Cyclopes  are  known  to  have  been- 
Sabaeists,  or  worshippers  of  the  Son. 
Atallevents,:we  are  inclined  10  ascribe 
the  i>yramidal  form  of  ancient  public 
builainffff,  to  the  \-ery  earliest  aeras^of 
artificial  supefstractioD ;  possibly  they 
were  the  very  first  in  atone  or  brick 
that  succeeded  sobierraneoua  temples^ 
We  know  nothing  older  than  the 
tower  of  Babel  and  the  Pyramids. 

(To  he  continued.) 

Ongrnal  LtUen  t^f  LoekCf  Atgenvon  Sidney, 
and  AnUumy  Lord  Shaflahnyt  Author  of 
the  Chanelerisiies;  wUh  an  Anatytieal 
Sketch  qf  the  ff^ritingt  and  Opimons  o/* 
Locke  md  other  Mefaphyriciam.  ByT, 
Forster,  M,B,  F.  L.S.  M.A.  ice*  life,  tfc 
18mo,/p.  979.  Nichols  and  Son. 

"EPISTOLARY  Writing,"  says 
Blair,  *'  is  conversation  carried  on  u|xm 
paper,''  and  it  ia  tlie  only  sort  of  writing 
in  which  we  look  for  the  man,  nol 
for  the  anthor.  **  Hence,*'  he  adds, 
**  the  curiotity  which  the  public  has 
always  discovered  concerning  the  let* 
ten  of  eminent  persons.  We  expect 
in  them  to  discover  somewhat  of  their 
real  character." 

This  matter,  the  real  character^  Dr. 
Forster,  so  far  as  resards  liocke  in  par- 
ticular, has  most  ably  discussed  in  an 
interesting  and  well- written  preface,  of 
which  he  has  made  one  excellent  use, 
viz,  that  of  exposing  the  blunders  (it 
deserves  no  better  term)  of  PhiloaophefB 
in  theologicals.  Nothing  "better  is  lo 
be  expected,  when  the  human  under- 
standrnj;  pretends  lo  settle  malieffs  of 
which  It  can  have  no  cognizance.  A 
dog  might  as  well  pretend  to  acquaint 
another  dog  of  the  studies  aiKi  intellce- 
tual  habits  of  his  master,  as  a  mail'  to 
inform  his  fellows,  by  hia  own  roaaon, 
of  the  entity  of  Deity,  and  the  machi- 
nery of  Providence. 

Among  the  miscellaneouaaneodotet 
of  Locke,  &c.  p.  ex.  we  cannot  forbear 
extracting  this  curious  one : 

**  An  inundation  havtoc  brokaa  dowa  aa- 
veral  of  the  dams,  rtish^  Aroagh  the  LiMfcaa 
dykes,  and  filled  the  BMrsbas  and  A 
yards  of  Holland  with  water,  so  tliat  ia 


1830  ]    Rbtibv.— Lemr<  of  Loekh  SUUejf,  and  Skafifilntry.  39T, 

pkc*  dM  peopU  vtft  fbretd  to  \hf  a  bag 
time  b  tm  gamU  i  a  cuck  in  om  of  th« 
iariat  fiodiog  bit  feathery  comndet  drown- 
lug  apace,  and  iacapable  to  0/  away  from 
tlie  waUry  watte  around  him,  very  dcTerly 

?^ot  iot»  a  large  bfiwl,  which  had  tome  barley 
n  it,  which  had  ttnod  io  the  farm-Tard  i  ia 
thb  he  floated,  aa  io  a  boat,  and  havinc 
food  aboard,  lived  aa  comfortably  at  Noah 
la  tba  ark,  till  the  waurt  tubtided,  and 
laadMl  bim  again  on  the  ground." 

The  Icitcrt  abound  with  interesting 
matter  of  various  kinds,  especially  that 
which  elucidates  the  politics,  manners, 
and  opinions  of  the  age.  The  style  of 
all  is  tlmt  which  may  be  called  the 
Additofiiam^  vit.  short  sentences,  in- 
cluding only  one  or  two  members,  such 
as  we  find  in  Blair  and  Robertson. 
i.ocke*s  letters  are  full  of  gentlemanly 
pleasantry. 

It  is  noted  hy  Mr.  Lodge,  in  his  II- 
lustrations  of  British  History,  vol.  ii.  p. 
211,  that  *'  our  foreign  ctmimeree  bcjgau 
to  dawn  in  Queen  £litabeih*s  reign, 
and  that  the  nobility  mingled  in  it; 
because  money  was  scarce,  and  the 

{lersonscalled  merchants  were  generally 
actors  to  the  men  of  landed  property, 
who  owned  the  great  mnss  of  wealth/' 
lliis  preliminary  obncrvaiion  is  neces- 
sary to  the  due  understnndinc  of  the 
cause  of  this  correspondence,  between 
independent  gentlemen  or  noblemen, 
and  a  merchant  resident  in  Holland. 
They  used  to  remit  money  to  him,  for 
conversion  to  the  most  profitable  use ; 
and  besides  negociaiion  of  bills,  and 
other  mercantile  transactions,  the^  ac- 
tually became  "  I>alers  and  Chap- 
men '  themselves,  and  such  a  one  was 
the  celebrated  "  Algernon  Sydney.** 
He  writrs, 

**  A  friend  of  mine  having  a  littell  of  my 
mooy  in  bit  liand,  and  no  pretent  occasion 
of  eroploving  it«  hath  lately  tent  ma  a 
parcell  of  French  winet,  and  twenty  pieces 
of  brandy,  which  I  am  tidd  woold  Im  worth 
above  fifty  pounda  the  tunne  in  a  moneth, 
if  we  thuuld  have  a  warre ;  but  not  knowing 
what  will  be  the  end  of  the  butinett  now  in 
agiutinn,  I  cbote  rather  to  take  forty 
pounds  a  tunne  yesterday,  then  to  expect  a 
better  market,  which  nwy  very  well  happen, 
but  I  had  noe  minde  to  venture  it.'*— p.  99. 

He  then  writes  to  his  friend  about  a 
speculation  in  corn. 

The  Eiiiior,  in  his  introductory  re- 
marks, observes, 

*•  The  Lptten  of  Lord  Shafletbnry  rt eofd 
and  illnatinte  several  events  of  importance ; 
and  to  those  intefetted  ia  the  cstimatiou  of 
bis  character,  wUI  femish  more  mformaiiou 
than  they  have  hitbacto  possetted.  They 
will  be  fonnd  to  throw  eoasideiable  light  on 


his  religious  seotiBScnUi  and  they  askibi^ 
bim  in  the  amiable  attitude  of  the  goardian 
and  patron  of  an  adoffted  youth,  the  tnccess 
of  whose  fortuoei  he  forwards  with  all  the 
anxietv  of  a  natural  parent.  By  thete  let- 
ten,  the  rliaracter  of  the  *  sceptic  Shaftes^ 
bury,'  at  he  hat  been  utually  eiteemed,  will^ 
it  it  imagined,  be  contiderably  vindicated.** 
— ^.  cxvii. 

Young  gentlemen  were  sent  to  HoU 
land  to  learn  French  and  merchanli^ 
accounts  (u.  l67)»  and  a  knowledge  of 
trade  and  business,  the  professions  not 
being  then  so  engrossed  by  the  gentry. 
I^rd  Shaftesbury  having  an  opportu- 
nity of  sending  a  letter  by  the  passage 
of  a  lady,  s.iys,  that  she  was  going  over 

"  to  settle  her  ton  at  tome  tchool  where  ba 
may  be  bett  taught  the  laoruaget  and  rudi- 
roenu  of  trade  i  for,  tho ,  at  the  ekiett 
chikJ,  he  will  be  intitled  to  a  moderate 
estate,  }et  it  being  not  tuch  at  to  iwi*t*'H 
him  properly  in  the  rank  of  gentry,  the 
prudently  retolvet  to  bring  him  to  butinetSk 
)t,  if  lie  gains  little  bv  it,  be  ma^  at  least 
learn  indu:tiry,  avoid  idleoeti,  acquire  a  good 
habit  of  frugality,  and  learn  to  improve  whaS 
he  hat  of  bis  own.**— p.  866. 

Upon  political  subjects  the  corre* 
spondence  of  Lord  Shaftesbury  throsra 
the  greatest  light.  We  can  account 
fur  the  adnnnistrntion  and  management 
of  public  businctt  by  the  ministers  of 
the  reigns  of  Charles  and  James,  upon 
no  principle  of  reason,  or  even  common 
sense.  1  hey  acted,  as  women  are  pre- 
sumed to  act,  in  business  matters  ap* 
purtenant  to  the  other  sex.  The  mas- 
terly policy  of  William  IIL  and  th« 
mode  in  wtiich  he  jockied  the  parties, 
is  well  told  in  the  following  paiagraphs* 
The  King 

**  through  all  hit  whole  rein,  excepting 
only  hit  last  glorioute  vear,  having  placed 
all  his  confidence  on  thote  who  were  true 
friendt  indeed  to  the  Crown,  but  not  to  hit 
Crown,  did  on  all  occasioot  tacrifice  and 
deliver  up  thote  wretcbet  calPd  Whiggt  to 
the  fury  of  their  enemyet ;  and  even  when 
he  teeminly  took  them  into  hit  favour,  as 
he  did  towards  the  end  of  the  warr,  whiefa 
never  had  been  ended  bat  in  a  mora  fatal 
manner,  bad  not  neoettity  brought  them 
into  play,  even  then  be  mors  niia'd  tham 
than  ever,  having  only  impoe'd  on  them  the 
load  of  taxing,  without  tlie  allowaace  of  one 
act  to  Osaka  them  popular  i  and  at  last  when 
theyi  by  acting  Ibr  the  Court,  had  lott  their 
credit,  and  their  eatmyet  had  gain'd  ettcem 
by  acting  contrarily,  they  were  then  ditcard- 
ed  and  delivarad  np  after  that  their  services 
bad  procnr'd  a  peace.*' — pp.  180«  181. 

We  have  had  occasion  to  smile,  more 
than  once,  at  tlie  fate  of  political  pro^ 
nosticalions  and  contemporary  opinions 


MS         RiviBW.^^Pope*8  Sermon».*^Fiigrim  to  the  Hebridm.      CApi4i> 


of  persoira.  Lord  Shaftesbury  says  of 
the  Union  t^ith  Scotland,  that  **  he 
t>etieves  the  Union  will  go,  but  in 
such  a  manner  as  the  nation,  he  fears, 
will  sincerely  feel"  (p.  229).  Ot  the 
cupadty  qf  mmrlborough,  great  doubts 
k  seems  were  entertained  (p.  27I),  so 
true  is  it,  that  men  judge  of  the  ta- 
lents of  others,  in  many  points,  by 
their  own  views  of  things. 

On  that  interesting  suqject,  the  man- 
ners and  customs  of  the  times,  the 
book  abounds  with  curious  matters. 
The  smoke  of  London  was  horribly  ab- 
horred, especially  in  the  winter  season^ 
when  it  most  prevailed.  Locke  thought 
that  sleep  was  to  be  procured  best,  by 
riding  at  a  slow  pace  for  many  hours 
in  the  day.  People  were  afraid  to  cor- 
respond, their  letters  were  so  frequently 
Of>ened. 

The  English  who  mided  abroad^ 
mrtrt  deemra  the  worst  in  the  place  (p. 
103),  and  their  soldiers  were  univer- 
sally stigmatized  as  drunkards  (p.  221). 
Hunting  was  used  as  a  pretext  for  col- 
lecting the  leading  members  of  a  poli- 
tical party  to  arrange  their  plans  (p. 
€21);  ana  as  to  amlrarship,  Mr.  Locke 
obsenres,  that  it 

*'  was  as  tolerable  for  a  Colonell  to  appear 
in  the  field  with  but  three  or  fewer  soliiers 
after  him,  as  fur  a  man  of  readiog  and  leader 
of  a  pertj  to  appear  in  print  without  a  whole 
nginient  of  quoCationa,  whether  to  purpeae 
or  noe  it  matters  net."— p.  19. 

In  all  works  of  this  kind  we  are 
sore  of  finding  contemporary  and  ge- 
nuine information.  Of  course  they 
have  a  fixed  value ;  because  there  is  no 
means  of  forming  accurate  opinions 
and  conclusions,  but  from  contempo- 
rary information.  Such  information 
has  the  character  of  portrait,  e\en 
though  it  may  be  in  the  caricature  of 
part^'  or  enmity ;  and  even  then  it  leSs 
us  into  a  part  of  the  history  of  the 
age.  Taking  this  view  ol*  the  subject, 
and  regarding  the  materials  of  the 
work  before  lis  (and  can  any  thing  be 
fivottghi  otherwise,  which  is  the  pro- 
duction of  such  master-minds  as  those 
of  l.ocke.  Sidney,  and  Shafiesburr?) 
we  drem  the  book  a  valuable  accession 
to  the  hijiorical  library,  generally  in- 
siructi\c,  and  often  curious. 

SfTwcvts,    By  thf  R<T.  Stoph«n  Tope,  m^4. 

9iv.  ff.  ir«. 

Thr  PtArrtfli  fr  the  W«^iiuV«.  Av.  a  ^i-st. 


WE  have  dessed  these  -worki  tojgb* 
ther,  though  of  a  distinct  kind,  be* 
cause  they  are  both  of  them  written 
in  a  bad  taste,  to  which  we  wish  10 
oppose  a  check.  Firsts  with  regard  to 
the  **  Sermons.'* 

We  assume  that  religion  ought  not 
to  be  made^  »  is  the  fashion  of  die 
present  day,  a  mass  of  noiutell^ibla 
mysticism  ;  tbatpeo|>k  cannot  be  my%* 
tihed  into  improvement ;  and  that  per- 
plexity is  not  edrfioation.  We  cling  to 
the  limes  of  oor  youth,  wiien  the  role 
was  to  doctrinate,  like  Paley  and  Gia- 
borne,  to  preach  down  vice,  and  ex- 
pose it  to  g^eral  indignation.  lo  oor 
judgment,  this  was  a  tar  more  efficient 
method  of  promoting  Christianity  thau 
degradation  of  its  moral  code  to  a  mere 
subserviency,  utterly  inconsistent  with 
the  pure  profession  of  it ;  and  if  not 
actually  dugointDg  faith  and  works, 
yet  making  them  only  hosbaud  and 
wife  in  a  state  of  divorce  and  separa- 
tion. We  do  not  deny  the  good  in- 
leotion  of  Mr.  Pope,  and  wiUiogly 
concede  to  him  respect  as  tn  aullior ; 
but  we  see  nothing  tangible  in  his  ar* 
goment;  and  of  eeurte  tbeie  can  be 
no  sympathy;  and  if  no  sympathy,  no 
impression. 

The  PUgrim  to  ihe  BebrideM,  con- 
tains very  masterly  lines,  and  m«icli 
poetical  power,  but  it  is  spoiled  by 
vfrsffyhg  Ecciesiasiical  IRsiwy.  In- 
stead of  the  beauties  of  imaginatiou, 
we  have  common-place  about  the  mn, 
when  the  gospel  was  preaclicd.  Now 
whoever  versified  a  sermon  without 
spoiling  itf  Piety  may  unquestion- 
aiily  be  excited  t^  the  sublime  and 
beautiful  of  imagination,  e.  g.  by  many 
of  (he  fine  ficuies  of  the  Hebiew  pro- 
phets; bat  there  is  no  kind  of  poetry 
snore  difllicuh  or  more  prone  lo  error 
and  lameness,  than  the  religtout.  If 
it  be  erotic,  it  is  impore;  if  H  be 
gjoomy,  it  is  only  qMUph  of  the 
church -yard  character.  If  it  affKti 
the  sttijlime,  it  fails,  becaoie  below 
preconceived  ideas  in  the  reader ;  and 
if  it  be  neither  holj,  inteicMii^  or 
lofty,  what  else  can  n  be  bot  ina^} 
and  poetry  must  be  wine,  not  water. 
What  is  the  cause  of  this  ImmI  taatel 
Why,  that  the  fanatics  of  the  day  have 
dogmatised  that  all  books  wlutevcr 
should  be  written  with  devoUDnai  fiseU 
iitgs;  in  other  wonJs,  be  inlefflarded 
with  oant,  however  inrnnsiiUni  mwd 
desccntisig  it  may  be,  thia^li  the  «► 
coii^Tuity  of  the  Mbieet. 


18W.] 


ReViBW.— Roby't  TratHiwns  of  Lancmhire, 


S39 


fVaditi&nt  if  Lmtauhire.  Bf  J.  Robji 
M.RS.L*  t  oo/f.  8w.  LoBgBMiiy  RcMf 
And  Co. 

THERE  is  t  wide  diflerence  in 
the  tasiet  and  opinions  of  the  ami- 
<)uary  com|>ared  with  the  collector  of 
oral  traditions,  howe?er  their  occupa- 
tions at  first  sight  may  appear  to  bear 
a  striking  resemblance.  The  one  be- 
longs to  the  world  of  imagination,  the 
other  is  perhaps  the  sturdiest  denizen 
of  the  kingdom  of  fact.  The  narra- 
tives of  the  one  are  generally  apocry- 
phal, and  not  unfrequenily  have  been 
rrjfcted  by  the  other,  as  wanting  the 
authentic  seal  of  historical  truth. 

Time  and  the  progress  of  education 
are  wearing  away  the  relics  of  ancient 
credulity.  Many  have  disappeared 
since  the  Ueformaiioni  and  another 
century  will  perhaps  annihilate  the  few 
that  remain  ;  but  the  philosopher  will 
wish  that  more  records  of  tnem  had 
been  preserved,  at  they  exhibit  a  more 
faithful  picture  of  popular  feeling,  and 
aiibrd  a  better  insignt  into  the  opinions, 
manners,  and  character  of  a  people, 
than  can  be  gleaned  from  volumes  of 
history.  Hence  at!  that  oblivion  has 
spared,  should  be  carefully  and  dili- 
gently collected,  and  deix)aited  where 
they  may  be  accessible,  if  not  to  a 
distant  posterity,  at  least  to  our  imme- 
diate descendants. 

With  these  impressions  (and  we 
have  derived  them  from  a  friend  learn- 
ed in  legendary  lore^  we  welcome  with 
a  pleasure  we  can  hardly  express,  the 
very  clej;3nt  and  entertaining  volumes 
of  MT.  Roby,  whose  object  has  been 
**  to  perpetuate  these  interesting  relics 
of  the  past,  and  to  prrseni  them  in  a 
form  that  may  be  generally  acceptable, 
divested  of  the  dust  and  dross  in  which 
the  c:riginals  are  but  too  often  disfi- 
gured, so  as  to  ap|)ear  worthleu  and 
uninviting.*'  With  what  judgment 
and  good  taste  his  task  has  been  exe- 
coteo,  and  with  what  exquisite  skill 
many  of  the  rude  pebbles  have  been 
polished  by  his  hands,  so  as  to  exhibit 
their  minutest  beauties,  we  are  now  to 
shotv. 

The  Traditions  are  arranged  in  chro- 
nological order,  and  the  first  is  "  Sir 
Tarquin,'*  a  legcod  somewhat  too  an- 
cient for  our  purpose,  belonging  to  ih« 
time  of  gianu,  dwarfs,  and  fairies. 

*'  The  GoUiu  Builden'*  is  in  a  dif- 
ferent vein,  and  it  told  in  a  way  thai 

Gbnt.  Mao.  AfriU  ItSO. 

6 


M  r.  Crofton  Oroker  himself  might  bo 
proud  of. 

Towards  the  latter  end  of  the  reign 
of  William,  the  Norman  Conqueror, 
Gamel,  the  Saxon  Thane,  Lord  of 
Recedham  or  Rached  (Rochdale), 
minded,  as  the  phrase  wu,  *'  for  the 
fear  of  God,  and  the  salvation  of  hit 
immortal  soul,  to  build  a  chapel  onto 
St.  Chadde.'*  The  site  was  chosen  on 
the  north  bank  of  a  river,  l^e  piles 
were  driven,  and  the  foundations  lahi ; 
but  in  one  night  the  whole  work  was 
removed,  silently  and  mysteriously,  to 
a  hill  on  the  opposite  bank.  The 
founder  was  indignant,  and  threatened 
summary  vengeance.    He  was  only  ap- 

Cased  by  the  assurance  of  two  feudal 
)rds  of  the  Manor  of  Rochedale,  that 
the  materials  should  be  removed  with 
all  possible  expedition  to  their  original 
site.  It  was  also  determined  that  a 
watch  should  be  set  to  discover  the  de- 
linquents; but  in  the  general  suspicion 
that  the  sacrilege  was  not  the  work  of 
human  hands,  it  was  difficult  to  find  a 
person  bold  enough  to  undertake  the 
office  of  watchman  ;  until  at  length  a 
boy  by  the  name  of  Uctred,  who  was 
suspected  to  be  the  fruit  of  an  illicit  in- 
tercourse with  some  dreaded  fairy,  on 
account  of  his  repulsive  appearance, 
volunteered  to  keep  watch  on  the  oc- 
casion. 

The  morning  came,  again  the  place 
was  bare ;  the  stones  and  timber  were 
removed  to  the  opposite  hill,  and  the 
boy  was  gone.  There  was  nothing  to 
be  done  but  to  inform  the  Thane  of 
this  second  interruption,  and  the  serfs 
proceeded  to  the  castle.  They  were 
admitted  to  the  hall  of  audience,  trem- 
bling and  oppressed  with  a  fearful  fore- 
boding, when  suddenly  Gamel  the 
Thane  stood  before  them. 

<*  Ha  WM  richly  attirtd  in  a  Ioom  coal» 
reaching  down  to  his  anclet  t  over  this  «ras  » 
loDg  robe  &»t«i»cd  over  both  shoulders  aad 
oo  the  broMt  wiih  a  silver  buckla;  the 
edges  wtre  tiimmtd  with  gold,  and  knots  of 
flowers  interwoven  with  pearls  and  lira 
stones.  On  bis  hesd  he  wort  a  eorontt  or 
rim  of  gold,  tnriched  with  Jewels  i  and  hit 
bushy  hair  and  erisled  board  looked  still 
ODore  grin  and  torbidding  beneath  these 
glittaring  omameats.  His  eyes  were  quiek 
and  piercing,  bis  ebecks  pale,  and  sligbtlv 
fiuTowed.  A  narrow  and  retreatiae  moiKB 
firmly  drawn  in,  showed  iha  bens  of  hit  di»> 
poaitioB  to  be  fietee  and  eholcffie." 

Before  thit  awful  personage  the  viU 
faiint  prostrated  themselfes;  hot  articu- 


330 


]i%viEw» — Roby*8  Traditions  of  Lancaslure, 


[April, 


lation  was  suppressed  b^  fear ;  and  \ht 
Thane,  deemine  ihcir  silence  to  be  an 
attempt  to  cajole  him,  consigns  them 
to  the  discipline  of  the  dungeon.  After 
much  characteiistic  colloquy,  a  witness 
of  drunken  notoriety  is  ushered  in,  as 
being  able  to  give  some  account  of  the 
mysterious  migration  of  the  wood  and 
stone.  His  version  of  the  story  is 
worthy  of  •'  Barnulf  with  the  nose, '  by 
which  appellation  he  is  distinguished. 

<*  <  What ! — the  foul  Bend  helped  thee  to 
thv  liquor,  I  trow?*  said  Gamel,  iiaatily.~- 
*  Think  not  to  foist  thy  fooleries  upon  me. 
Should  I  find  thee  with  a  lie  on  thy  tongue, 
the  hide  were  as  well  off  thy  shoulders.  To 
thy  8i)eech — quick,  what  sawcst  thou  ?' 

*'  <  I  will  cive  it  all,  withouten  a  word 
but  what  the  blessed  saints  would  avouch,' 
said  the  terrified  supplicant,  whose  once 
fiery  face  was  now  blanched,  or  rather  dyed 
of  a  dull  and  various  blue. 

**  *  I  was  wending  home  from  Merland, 
where  I  had  been  helping  Dan  the  smith  to 
his  luckpenny,  when,  as  I  ttiuk  the  path- 
road  down  yonder  unlucky  hill  to  the  ford, 
not  thinking  of  the  de'il's  workmen  that  had 
flown  off  with  the  church  the  night  before^ 
I  was  whistling,  or,  it  mayhap,  singing,—- 

or— or 1  am  not  just  particular  to  know 

how  it  was,  for  the  matter  of  it;  but»  at 
any  rate,  I  was  getting  up,  having  tumbled 
down  the  steep  almost  nigh  to  the  bottom^ 
and  I  thought  my  eyes  had  strucLen  fire, 
for  I  saw  lights  frisking  and  frolicking  up 
and   down  the  hill.     Then  I  sat  down  to 
watch,  and,  sure  enough,  such  a  puck-fisted 
rabble,  without  cloak  or  husen,  I  never  be- 
held— all  hurry-scurry  up  the  hill,  and  some 
of  the  like  were  on  the  guliup  down  again. 
They  were  shouting,  and  mocking,  and  laugh- 
ing, like  ko  many  stark-mad  fouls  at  a  May- 
feast.     'I'hoy  strid  twenty  paces  at  a  jump, 
with  burJcus  that  two  of  the  }>est  oxen  about 
the  manor  had  not  shifted  the  leo^xth  of  my 
thumb-nail.     Tis  some  unlucky  dream,  said 
I,  rubbing  the  corners  *>f  my  eyes,  and  try- 
ing to  pinch  myself  awake.     Just  then  I 
saw  a  crowd  of  the  busiest  of  *em  running 
up  from  the  river,  and  making  directly  to- 
wards the  steep  bonk,  below  where  I  sat. 
They  were  hurr\ing  a  great  log  of  timber, 
whivh  th»y  threw  down,  close  beside  me,  as 
if  to  lost  rro  they  mounted.     *  My  friends,* 
■—what  hhouKI  ail  me  to  talk  to  'em  I  cannot 
irll,--'  My  rnendfl,  Imt  ye  seem  to  hare 
morv  work  in  your  hands  than  wit  in  your 
noddl**^— yo   might  harr  s{iared  yourselves 
thi*  lalKUir.  I  trow.*     With  that  the  whole 
mut   turned  u|>on  me  with  a  shout  and  a 
«<hiill<*iii«ii  that  would  have  dumb-founded 
ihii  «hiill#«t  tongue  in  the  whole  hvodred — 
(h(*  Hiili  wIimI  w»a  nothing  to  H.     I  would 
hav»  v■^«|le1l,  but  my  frrt  were  holdeot  Kke 
a«  ihf>y  hail  Ueii  ('ili#  stocks.    One,  tha 
(\ir«ii|it«|  of  i\\f  vvp^t  •!  do  think  he  had  a 


long  tail  and  gaping  hoofii>  but  I  was  over 
frightened  to  see  very  clesr^— came  mhSk  a 
mocking,  malicious  grin,  his  tongua  lolUag 
out,  and  his  eyes  glaring  and  fiend-like. 

**  *  Pray,  good  friend,*  sud  he,  pulling 
off  a  little  black  bonnet, '  be  compassionate 
enough  to  help  us  with  our  load  to  the  hill- 
top.' Now  was  I  terrified  beyond  measure, 
insomuch  that  I  made  a  desperate  tug, 
whereby  loosening  myself,  I  ran  like  the 
wind,  the  wicked  fiends  following,  and  roar- 
ing alter  me  with  loud  and  bitter  corses.  I 
jumped  into  the  river,  in  my  hurry  havii^ 
missed  the  ford,  and  I  heard  *em  still  shout* 
ing,  and,  as  I  thought,  pursuing  me ;  bufc 
the  Virgin  and  St.  Chadde  were  my  helpers, 
fur,  when  Biddy  opened  the  door  in  the 
morning,  I  lay  tnere  in  a  eraat  swoon,  with 
my  heiul  bruised,  and  a  hole  in  ny  good 
grey  cloak'." — ^pp.  86,  37. 

The  evidence  of  him  **  with  the 
nose,"  is  however  more  gravely  cou* 
firmed  by  a  stranger. 

**  He  was  meanly  clad  :— a  coarse  cloak, 
atuned  and  threadbare,  was  thrown  open, 
showing  a  close  habit  of  the  most  ordinary 
fiibric;  yet  a  natural  and  graceful  bearing 
imparted  a  dignity  even  to  his  poor  and 
worthless  habiliments. 

*'  I  am  a  stranger,  and  sore  oppressed 
with  long  travel.  Penury  and  misfortune 
have  been  my  lot,  and  I  am  driven  from 
place  to  place  without  a  home  or  a  morsel 
of  bread.  Last  night,  long  afier  the  curfew, 
I  came  hither,  but  no  ho^dtium  or  religious 
house  being  near,  I  sat  down  by  the  hilT-side 
yonder,  until  morning  should  enable  me  to 
crave  help  for  my  hopeless  journey.  Tha 
morning  had  not  dawned  ere  I  awokt — a 
lond  trampling,  and  the  rush  of  many  Toioea, 
had  broken  in  upon  my  slumbers.  I  beheld 
crowds  of  strange-looking  men,  ladea  with 
terrific  burdens.  They  seemed  to  be  eactrlj 
and  earnestly  at  work,  under  heavier  loads 
than  I  thought  mortal  man  could  sustain ; 
the  whole  space,  too,  as  &r  as  the  eje  micht 
carrv,  seemed  alive  with  them,  the  ilickenng 
of  tlicir  torches  forming  a  soene  of  almost 
unimaginable  splendour.  Right  before  na 
were  a  number  of  these  labourers^  haoliog 
up  a  heavy  beam  from  the  river;  othera 
were  apparently  crossing,  laden  with  oia<« 
terials  no  less  bulky  and  intractable.  AH 
were  in  motion,  wrigglimr  aloog  like  so 
numy  ants  on  a  hillock.  The  party  just  be* 
fore  me  stayed  immediately  bdov  wh«re  I 
sat,  watching  their  prooeediogs  with  bo 
little  curiosity  and aroaaement.  jhej thnw 
down  their  load, — then,  pansioy,  appeared 
to  view,  with  some  hesitation,  loa  steep 
bank  above  them.  The  forenast  of  CM 
group  DOW  came  softly  towards  na.  FdIU 
ing  iiff  his  bonnet,  with  a  pave  aad. be- 
seeching aspect  be  craved  help  to  acapiapBsli 
the  ascent.  Not  then  drcaaing  of  gooCoi 
and    their  deceitfnl   glamour,    I   pat  my 


iSaa]    RMriMW»^BTitixm'%  Oxford  and  Peterhcrmigh  Cathidrali.   931 


ihooldcr  to  tbt  work  with  a  right  goo4  will, 
ftod  truly  it  wtrt  a  manrel  to  watch  tht 
tough  biUi»  how  it  tceiDcd  to  obey  tb« 
iKpillM.  I  worked  with  ail  the  might  I 
could  musttr^  but  it  appeared  a*  though 
little  were  ocedful )  aod  in  a  trice  we 
•crembled  to  the  tnp»  aheu  the  whole  par^ 
scampered  off,  leaving  me  to  follow  or  not* 
a*  I  chote.  I  taw  tomethine  totaed  to- 
wards me,  which  gliateoed  as  it  lay  at  my 
feet.  StooptnCf  1  found  a  silver  ring^ 
beauteously  bedecked  with  one  glowing  crys- 
tal. Round  tite  rim  is  formed  a  quaint 
legeodi  bearing  a  fiiir  device,  which  some 
learned  clerk  may  perchance  decipher.*' 

"  The  stranger  drew  from  his  finger  a 
■easy  ring.  A  little  ferret-eyed  n>onk,  a 
tiaascriber  of  saints'  legends  and  Saxon 
chronicles,  was  immediately  called.  He  pro- 
nounced the  writing  heathenish,  and  of  the 
Runic  form.  A  sort  of  free  translation  may 
be  given  as  follows  : — 

**  The  Norman  shall  tread  on  the  Saxon's 
heel,  [weal ; 

Aud  the  stranger  shall  rule  o'er  England's 
Through  castle  and  hall,  liy  night  or  by  day, 
The  stranger  shall  thrive  for  ever  and  aye ; 
But  in  Rached,  above  the  rest. 
The  stranger  shall  thrive  best." 

pp.  38,  S9. 

Gamcl  was  troubled  and  perplexed, 
and  slowly  and  reluctantly  admitted 
the  supernatural  agency.  1  he  losit  boy 
was  discovered  in  the  building  seem- 
ingly asleep:  on  bein^  brought  for- 
ward he  maintained  his  old  malicious 
look,  and  snatching  the  ring  which 
Gamel  was  returning  to  the  stranger, 
he  disappeared  amidst  the  terror  of  the 
spectators.  Gamcl  sought  counsel  of 
the  church  ;  the  Chapelof  St.  Chadde 
was  built  upon  the  hill  where  it  now 
stands,  and  one  hundred  and  twenty- 
four  steps  were  due  to  accomplish  the 
•scent.  Connected  with  these  the  tra- 
dition still  exists,  and  unto  this  day  it 
is  here  observed,  that  **  Strangers 
prosper  in  the  town  of  Rochdale,  but 
the  natives  are  generally  unfortunate  in 
their  undertakings" 

Our  limits  would  fail,  were  wc  to 
notice  the  legends  in  this  prticular 
way.  Of  the  nine  that  follow, '  Mab*s 
Cross,'  '  The  Prior  of  Burscough,'  and 
'  Sir  Edward  Stanley,*  are  excellently 
told,  and  will  remind  the  reader  of  the 
best  manner  of  the  Magician  of  the 
North. 

Of  the  astrologer  Dr.Dee,  the  "  Faust" 
of  our  country,  there  is  an  interesting 
accounl.  He  appears  to  have  been  an 
enthusiast  of  the  nighest  cUu,  employ- 
ins  great  learning  and  talents  in  for- 
bidden tttidiei,  mring  at  one  time  in 
affluence,  and  in  faroar  with  royalty,  and 


dyins  in  obtcarity  and  indigence.  He 
was  haunted  by  that  chimera  of  the  iroa« 
gination,  the  philosopher's  stone,  and 
WIS  filled  with  all  those  ambitions 
hopes  which  the  possession  of  such  an 
engine  of  wealth  and  power  would  na- 
turally engender. 

The  second  volume  contains  nine 
Ules  of  equal  merit  The  <  Earl  of  Ty- 
rone* is  a  legend  of  great  interest,  and 
written  with  much  power,  but  it  can- 
not be  shortened  for  our  purpose  witlw 
oat  injury. 

We  cannot  conclude  onr  imperfect 
notice  of  Mr.  Roby's  very  beautiful 
volumes,  without  repeating  onr  warmest 
praise  of  the  ^ood  taste  and  fine  talent 
with  which  he  has  invested  the  old 
legends  of  this  county,  clothing  them 
in  a  ^arb  attractive  to  all  readers,  and 
securing  we  think  a  favourable  recep- 
tion for  those  which  he  promises  shall 
follow.  It  is  quite  evident  that  the 
talents  adapted  for  this  species  of  re- 
search, and  for  securing  ine  fast-dying 
traditions  of  our  country,  are  of  no  or- 
dinary kind  ;  but  Mr.  Koby  lias  amply 
vindicated  his  claim  to  the  character  of 
such  a  chronicler,  by  the  soundness  of 
his  intellect,  and  the  purity  of  his  taste, 
as  exhibited  in  these  volumes. 

The  arp;umcnt  in  favour  of  revealed 
religion,  as  conducted  in  the  tale  of 
Sir  Edward  Stanley,  is  a  striking  proof 
of  this  assertion.  We  have  rarely  seen 
arguments  better  arranged,  or  more 
forcibly  put  than  in  this  very  interest- 
ing collo<iuy. 

The  volumes  are  embellished  with 
very  beautiful  plates,  from  drawings  by 
Pickering,  engraved  by  Finden. 

Britton's  History  and  Antiquities  of  Oxford 
Cathedral.   4to. 

Britton's  History  ami  Antii/uities  if  Peter- 
borough Cathedral,   4  to. 

IT  has  frequently  been  our  pleasing 
duty  to  bestow  deserved  commenda- 
tions on  the  numerous  valuable  and 
highly  embellished  works  of  this  in- 
dustrious and  intelligent  Antiquary. 
His  Histories  of  the  Cathedrals  of  Sa- 
lisbury, Norwich,  Winchester,  York, 
Lichheld,  Canterbury,  We\U,  Bath 
Abbey,  and  Exeter,  were  reviewed  at 
the  respective  periods  when  published. 

Tlie  History  of  Oxfoed  Cathb- 
ORAL,  published  some  years  since,  has 
been  by^accident  omitted  to  be  noticed 
in  our  Review.  It  is  embellished  with 
eleven  prints,  three  of  which  exhibit 
the  exterior,  and  eicht  the  interior 
parts  of  the  CathedraT.    In  reprcKut- 


sss 


Hevie'W. "^Bibliographical  MiicelUmy, 


[A|irilj 


ing  th«  architecture^  Mr.  Britton  hai 

given  such  sectioas,  elevatious,  and 
etailsy  as  were  calculated  to  display 
the  true  forms  of  the  arches,  &c.  ana 
thus  afford  the  architectural  antiquary 
the  means  whereby  he  might  make 
comparisons  and  deduce  inferences. 
When  Mr.  B.  commenced  his  Cathedral 
Antiquities,  he  was  of  opinion  that 
pers|)ective  and  picturesque  views  of 
these  noble  edifices  would  be  most  sa- 
tisfactory ;  but  he  afterwards  found 
that  they  afforded  no  practical  infor- 
mation to  the  architect,  or  to  the  fasti- 
dious antiquary.  Henceforward,  there- 
fore, it  is  his  intention  to  give  correct 
geometrical  elevations,  sections,  and 
details;  introducing  perspective  views 
principally  to  show  the  effects  of  the 
whole  building. 

The  fate  of  the  Cathedral  of  Oxford 
has  been  unfortunate,  having  suffered 
various  innovations  and  curtailments 
at  different  periods,  particularly  by  Car- 
dinal Wolsey,  who  reduced  the  length 
above  50  feet,  with  half  of  the  cloisters, 
to  make  way  for  his  intended  college. 
Yet  the  architecture  of  the  respective 
ages,  and  the  magnificence  of  the 
pristine  state  of  the  Church,  is  not  so 
much  obscured  as  to  fail  of  producing 
that  grandeur  of  effect  so  striking  in 
our  early  ecclesiastical  buildings.  Un- 
fortunately, the  exterior  of  Christchurch 
is  rough  and  uninviting  ;  and,  sur- 
rounded as  it  is  with  other  objects  of 
attention,  the  Cathedral  fails  of  draw- 
ing that  share  of  attention  it  is  well 
calculated  to  gratify. 

Mr.  Britton  has  well  condensed  the 
accounts,  by  Wood  and  other  anti- 
quaries, of  the  prior}'  of  St.  P'rideswide, 
Wolsey*s  College,  the  History  of  the 
Cathedral,  and  its  successive  alterations. 
Mr.  Britton  then  describes  its  present 
state,  its  fora),  arrangement,  and  con- 
struction ;  points  out  its  beauties  and 
defects  ;  remarks  on  the  style  of  archi- 
tecture of  its  various  portions ;  and 
minutely  explains  the  various  objects 
det  tiled  in  the  Plates. 

The  next  solendid  volume  we  have 
to  notice  liy  Mr.  Britton,  is  his  Hisior)' 

Ol'PKtlilinOKOliGllCATHEnRAL.Tais, 

like  th.it  of  l)xford  last  spi^ken  of,  is 
of  nunlcrn  date  attached  to  a  Bishop^s 
See.  hut  of  remote  origin  as  a  conven- 
tual loundation. 

Thi*  i'aihedr.il  is  illusintetl  by  five 
fxiriior  AtuI  three  interior  |>er»peciive 
^  tf  u «»  and  ten  pUtct  of  plan,  sections, 
ptHhons,  ^0. 


The  letter- press  description  is  mora 
elaborate  and  satisfactory  than  that  of 
Oxford,  great  pains  having  evidently 
been  bestowed  on  it.  Its  contigaity 
to  Ely  seems  to  have  inspired  Mr. 
Britton  with  the  desire  of  treading  in 
the  steps  of  the  two  historians  of  the 
latter  Cathedral,  the  Rev.  James  Bent- 
ham,  and  the  llev.  George  Milfers. 

Gunion*s  History  formed  an  excel- 
lent ground-work,  and  fortunately  Mr. 
Britton  received  at  Peterborough  every 
assistance  in  his  inquiries,  from  the 
Bishop  to  the  vergers.  This  the  au- 
thor gratefully  acknowledges,  and  it  is 
the  more  pleasing,  as  we  believe  there 
have  been  examples  to  the  contrary  in 
other  places. 

The  prevalent  style  at  Peterborough 
is  Norman,  and,  more  fortunate  than 
Oxford,  all  the  principal  parts  of  this 
Cathedral  still  remain  entire.  The 
nave  is  very  long,  the  choir  short,  atid 
the  chancel  (as  in  most  foreign  Cathe- 
drals) of  a  semicircular  form.  But  the 
principal  peculiar  feature  of  this  Ca- 
thedral is  the  magnificent  and  original 
W*est  front  (see  a  view  of  it  by  Mr. 
J.  Carter,  in  our  vol.  lzzxit.  iil  ii). 

This  front  is  composed  or  three 
magnificent  pointed  arches,  surmount- 
ed by  pediments,  flanked  with  two 
towers  more  elevated  than  the  pedi- 
ments, and  terminating  in  handsome 
stone  spires  of  subsequent  date.  The 
centre  arch  is  less  spacious  than  the 
others,  and  more  acutely  pointed. 

This  front  is  a  theme  of  comment 
and  praise  with  all  men  of  science  and 
taste.  Mr.  Briiton  has  been  favoured 
with  a  minute  description  of  this  mag- 
nificent feature  of  tne  Cathedral,  by 
the  Rev.  T.  Garbett,  minor  canon  of 
Peterborough  ;  and  the  whole  design 
and  forms  of  this  interesting  facade  are 
detailed  in  nine  plates. 

Mr.  Britton  is  proceeding  most  soc- 
cessfully  in  his  Histories  of  our  Cathe- 
drals. In  subsequent  numbers  we  shall 
notice  those  of  Gloucester  and  Bristol. 

j1  Dcscripium^  aenmparriei  ty  Sixteem  C^ 
loured  Pleits,  of  the  Hlmknn  ^SL  Neott 
Church',  CttriiwaU,  rarml/y  repaired  mi 
the  sole  Bxpejue  <f  the  Rev.  RUkard  Gtr- 
revs  Gr^Sy  htf  J.  P.  He^gelmmi.  Jh 
fchiih  ere  j»rr/Sjm/,  some  CoUedmmt  mmd 
DranslatiaHs  respeetm^  SL  NeUp  mmd  the 
former  ste^e  of  hit  Ckaack,  ty  Daviet 
Gilbert,  M^4.  P.ILS.  F^jS.    AoyeUto. 

THE  Churrb  of  St.  Neol  in  Com- 
^val!  has  long  been  cekbntcd  fef  the 


1830.]      Rbvibw.— l^riiiftd  Glau  mi  Si.  NMi't,  CornwalL 


333 


profitsioo  and  bcintj  of  its  ^ntcd 
glass  ;  which,  thankt  to  iu  letiicd  n- 
tuation,  fortunately  escaped  the  Icono- 
clasts of  the  sixteeoth  century,  and  the 
sanctified  fanatics  of  the  seventeenth. 
But  time  had  committed  great  haTOck 
in  the  beautiful  windows  at  St.  Neoi's, 
and  the  leaden  frames  were  so  fast  de- 
caying, that  in  a  few  years  little  would 
hare  remained  but  fragments  with- 
out connection,  and  utterly  uniniel- 
iigible. 

Happily,  the  patron  of  the  living, 
the  Rev.  Richard  Gerveys  Grylls,  is  a 
gentleman  of  ample  fortune,  and  is 
also  possessed  of  good  taste  and  a  ri^ht 
feeling.  He  was  not  satisfied  with 
barely  guardins  these  splendid  win- 
dows from  further  decay,  but  at  once 
E laced  the  whole  in  the  hands  of  Mr. 
ledgelandy  an  able  artist  in  London, 
who  has  most  carefully  preserved  every 
fragment  of  the  ancient  glass,  ond  sup- 

i>lied  the  deficiencies  where  wanted. 
^Ir.  Grylls  has  al»o  added  some  whole 
windows  ;  and  the  Church  is  now, 
we  reioice  to  say,  placed  in  a  state  of 
complete  and  splendid  decoration. 

Mr.  Gorham  (in  his  History  of  St. 
Neot*s  in  Huntingdonshire)  obser\-es 
that  the  Cornish  Church  of  St.  Neot 
was  rebuilt  in  the  reign  of  Edward 
IV.;  and  the  splendid  glass  is  evidently 
of  that  or  a  somewhat  later  period  ; 
and  not  of  that  ascril>ed  to  it  by  Mr. 
Whiiaker,  in  his  Life  of  St.  |Neoc, 
who^  fancied  it  to  be  as  old  as  the  reign 
of  King  John.  But  the  style  of  the 
architecture  displayed  in  the  glass  it- 
self, would  sufficiently  determine  the 
Question,  were  not  two  of  the  windows 
aied  respectivelv  IdSQand  1530. 

The  learned  President  of  the  Royal 
Society  has  here  given  another  proof 
of  his  attention  to  the  antiouities  and 
early  literary  curiosities  of  his  native 
county,  and  his  account  of  St.  Neot, 
prefixed  to  this  work,  will  be  perused 
with  interest.  He  has  exiracted  the 
Latin  accoont  of  St.  Neot  from  Caj>- 
grare's  Golden  Legend,  and  has  fa- 
voured us  with  a  translation  expressive 
of  the  author's  turn  of  thought,  and  of 
his  conceits,  very  properly  adhering 
almost  verbally  to  th«  iaiin  idiom. 

Antiquaries  are  well  acquainted 
with  the  ridiculoua  lecends  in  Cap- 
grave's  curious  work ;  bat  the  public 
will  doubtlcu  be  sarpnted  to  find  that 
"  all  the  wisdom,  virtoesy  and  fortitude 
ascribed  by  secular  writers  to  the  great 
AUted,  together   wilb    lib   warlike 


•chieveinents,  and  hisown  institotioDl^ 
the  continued  ftdmiratton  of  ten  cen- 
turies, really  belong  to  a  Monk  [St 
Neot],  who  acquired  knowledge  and 
active  virtues  by  secluding  himself  In 
a  desert,  and  there  repeating  the  Psalter 
every  dsy  during  the  space  of  seven 
years,  immersed  to  his  neck  in  water  1" 

All  that  b  known  of  the  life  of  St. 
Neot  is  placed  before  the  reader,  chiefW 
in  extracu  from  Mr.  Gor ham's  well* 
di^sted  work. 

Two  other  Legends  displayed  in  the 
windows,  "the  three  Apple- pips  be> 
tween  the  lips  and  in  the  nostrils  of 
Adam  after  his  death,'*  and  "  the 
shooting  of  Cain  by  Lamech,"  are  il- 
lustrated by  extracu  from  "  The  Crea- 
tion of  the  World,  with  Noah's  Flood,** 
a  curious  Cornish  mystery,  translated 
into  English  by  John  Keigwin,  and 
for  the  publication  of  which  we  are 
also  indebted  to  Mr.  Davies  Gilbert. 
The  description  of  the  windows  given 
by  Mr.  Gorham,  is  inserted  in  the 
present  publication. 

The  prevalent  custom  of  certain 
classes  of  persons  associating  to  furnish 
the  rec^uisite  expense  of  improvements 
or  additions  to  churches,  is  here  re* 
markably  illustrated.  One  window 
here  was  furnished  by  the  young  men 
of  the  parish ;  another  by  the  young 
women ;  and  a  third  at  the  expense  of 
the  married  men. 

Thus,  also,  at  South  Mims  (as  no- 
ticed in  this  vol.  p.  110),  one  pintcd 
window  was  made  by  the  "young 
men  and  maids,*'  and  another  oy  the 
"  good  women  '*  of  the  parish. 

«'  The  tower  at  Probus,  the  most  beavti- 
ful  in  Corawmll,  k  said  to  have  been  built 
ia  a  timilar  nMoner ;  and  the  fint  tower  d 
Derby  was  paid  for  by  the  uiunsrrisd  men 
and  women  of  that  town."<»-p.  dO. 

The  sixteen  Plates  here  published, 
are  very  neatly  etched,  and  accurately 
coloured  after  the  original  glass,  by  or 
under  the  immediate  direction  of  Mr. 
Hedgeland.  They  form,  with  the  let- 
ter-press description,  a  most  cnriout 
and  captivating  volume. 

Plate  I.  contains  the  legendary  his- 
tory of  Sl  Neot,  in  twelve  compert- 
menu. — PI.  IL  the  Yoanj;  Women's 
Window,  has  figures  of  Sainu  Patrick, 
ClartM,  Mancof,  and  Brechan.— -Pic 
III.  the  Wives'  Window,  has  Sc 
Mabena,  the  Virgin,  Christ  risen,  end 
St.  Mebered.— Fl  IV.  window  given 
bv  Ralph  Harys,  has  St.  John  the 
Bepttst,  a  P6pe»  St  Leontid,  end  St. 


a34 


RxviEW.— 77^  Chriitum  Phi/siologiiL 


[April, 


Andrew.— PI.  V.  window  given  by 
J.Callaway,  has  St.  Callaway  (probably 
some  sainied  member  of  the  donors 
familv),  St.  Germain,  St.  John  the 
Baptist,  and  St.  Stephen.  —  PI.  IV. 
window  given  by  J.  Tubbe  and  J. 
Callaway,  has  St.  Paul,  St.  Peter,  the 
Saviour,  and  St.  Neot.— PI.  VII.  The 
Chancel  Window.  The  principal  por- 
tion of  this  window  has  been  now 
added,  from  a  print  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum, and  exhibits  our  Saviour  and 
the  Apostles,  round  a  table  at  the 
paschal  supper.  The  effect  is  very 
good,  and  appropriate  to  the  style  of 
the  other  glass. — PI.  VI 11.  the  Crea- 
tion window,  represents,  in  Bfteen  com- 
Eartments,  the  Creation  of  the  World 
y  the  Son  of  God,  with  the  principal 
succeeding  events  to  the  time  of  Noah. 
Ten  upper  com|)artments  have  the 
different  degrees  of  angelic  powers. 
This  rich  and  curious  window  required 
little  reparation.— PI.  IX.  represents 
the  principal  events  in  the  life  of  Noah. 
—PI.  X.  civen  by  Catharine  Burlas, 
Nich.  Burlas,  and  J.  Vyvyan,  has  St. 
Christopher,  St.  Neot,  St.  Leonard, 
and  St.  Catharine. — PI.  XI.  given  by 
■  Martyn  and  his  sons,  has  the 

Virgin,  the  Crucifixion,  St.  John  the 
Evangelist,  and  St.  Stephen.— PI.  XII. 
given  by  J.  Moiton,  has  the  four  Evan- 
gelists.— PI.  XIII.  the  Redemption 
Window,  has  been  fitted  up  with  four 
new  appropriate  designs,  the  taking 
down  i^rom  the  Cross,  the  Burial,  the 
Resurrection,  and  the  Ascension.— 
PI.  XIV.  the  Acts  of  the  Apostles 
WMndow,  contains  four  new  subjects  s 
the  Descent  of  the  Holy  Ghost,  Stoning 
of  St.  Stephen,  Conversion  of  St.  Paul, 
and  Paul  before  Felix.— PI.  XV. 
The  Armorial  Window.  The  original 
having  entirely  perished,  it  has  been 
supplied  by  the  family  arms  of  Grylls, 
the  donor,  and  the  principal  families 
connected  with  his,  at  the  periods 
marked  by  the  dates  attached  to  them. 
Alons  the  bottom  the  following  in- 
scription commemorates  this  laudable 
work  of  restoration : 

"  Omnes  bujus  ecclesiae  fenestras,  incuria 
et  vetusUte  coliapsas,  per  annos  1 8S6,  1 897, 
1828,  1839,  ^  re  private  resteuravit,  redin- 
tegravit,  omavit  Richardus  Gerveys  Grylls, 
Helstonleosis,  olim  ab  1792  ad  1820  hujus 
parochia  VIcarius,  et  adhuc  patronua  ;  sno 
filio  Henrico  vicariu }  praefecto  opens  Jo- 
lianni  Hedgeland,  Londini :  pictore,  J. 
Nixon ;  opince,  B.  Baillie." 

PI.  XVI.  conuins,  in  twelve  com- 


partmentSy  the  piiocipal  erents  in  the 
life  of  St.  Greorge. 

As  we  doubt  not  that  these  beaotiful 
windows  will  draw  many  a  curious 
visitor  to  inspect  their  beauties,  we  will 
conclude  this  notice  by  remarking,  that 
the  church  and  village  of  St.  Neot  are 
situated  in  a  beautiful  and  fertile  vale, 
about  five  miles  from  Liskeard,  eight 
miles  from  Bodmin,  and  fifteen  from 
Launceston,  and  are  easily  accessible 
by  carriages. 


The  Christian  PhynoU^,  if!c.  By  the 
Author  iifthe  Coliegiant,  Pou  Bvo.  pp. 
876. 

WHEN  a  man  becomes  a  religionist 
or  a  lover,  he  is  no  longer  a  man  of 
reason,  but  an  enthusiast.  Such  is 
the  case  in  the  work  before  us.  The 
author  is  an  admirer  of  that  exquisite 
model  of  platonism,  the/iMt7a^<r»  Chrisli, 
and  he  exhibits  the  most  elevated  sen- 
timent, and  very  considerable  talent. 
But  he  does  not  seem  to  know  that 
the  Imilatio  ChHsti  is  a  fiction,  an 
epic  poem ;  the  "  Paradise  regained" 
among  puritans,  but  among  philo- 
sophers the  scouted  system  of  Fenelon. 
That  system  is  founded  upon  the  ab- 
surd idea,  that  negative  harmlessness 
is  better  than  positive  good,  and  that 
the  passions  and  enjoyments  of  animal 
life  were  created  for  no  other  purpose 
but  to  impel  us  to  abuse  of  them  ;  by 
which  error  the  most  benevolent  of 
beings  is  converted  into  the  devil,  the 
tempter  to  evil.  Philosophers,  how- 
ever, try  all  pretensions  to  hyper-reli- 
gion by  the  laws  of  providence ;  and 
according  to  those  laws,  nothing  can  be 
more  absurd  than  puritan  ism.  "  The 
passions,'*  says  Mr.  Malthas,  "are  the 
main  sources  of  virtue  and  happiness, 
and  without  them,  in  what  manner 
could  existence  be  supported,  and  our 
species  be  propagated  ;*'  and  as  to  per- 
sonal pleasures,  "  is  the  world,'*  as  Mr. 
Haggit  sajTs,  a  place  of  punishment  and 
cruelty  ?  Its  numerous  comforts  show 
that  It  is  not.  Providence  has  only 
annexed  disease  and  misery  to  the 
abuse  of  pleasures;  to  the  legitimate 
use  of  them  no  restraint;  because  with- 
out a  pleasurable  feeling  of  existence, 
men  would  become  suicides.  Now 
let  us  try  pnritanism  by  history ;  was 
Henry  the  Sixth  a  better  Sovereign  of 
this  realm,  with  his  neptive  tnno* 
ceuce,  than  Alfred  with  his  actire  vifw 
tue?    So  little  does  Providence  aaiifr- 


1830.] 


KiviBW.— TAf  Chrittiad  Ph^iiologiit. 


835 


lion  ihat  lort  of  characier,  that  the 
very  holiness  of  Henry  enabled  hit 
enemies  lo  involve  his  country  in  a 
sanguinary  conflict  about  the  litle  to 
the  Crown,  while  that  veriest  unprin- 
cipled fellow,  Henry  the  Eighth, 
founded  that  mighty  bleising  the  R»- 
formatioo.  Ricnard  the  First  was  a 
devotee,  and  expatriated  half  the  na» 
tion  to  suffer  death  in  the  Crusades. 
Mary  was  also  a  devotee  in  her  way, 
und  legiiinated  the  assassination  of  in- 
offensive subjects.  Cromwell  and  his 
puriuns  inflamed  a  civil  war.  Such 
IS  the  evidence  of  history  in  regard  to 
devotees  and  puritans,  and  that  shows 
them  ever  to  have  been  the  authors  of 
civil  and  political  evil. 

But  the  absurdity  of  puritanism 
does  not  end  here.  Philosophers  know 
also,  that  the  very  refinement  of  nega- 
tive innocence,  which  our  author 
makes  the  acme  of  perfection,  is  com- 
patible only  with  a  state  of  civilization, 
and  that  the  ingredients  of  civilization 
are  the  arts  and  sciences.  Let  our 
author  look  to  the  American  or  Austra« 
lasian  sava^,  and  see  how  far  such  a 
barbarism  is  consistent  with  the  prac* 
tice  of  that  insipid  innocence  which 
he  advocates.  In  p.  lOf),  he  declaims 
against  such  men  as  Linnsus,  Cuvier, 
Camden,  and  others,  "  who  fritter 
away  their  time  in  hunting  after  but- 
terflies, fossils,  shells,  and  unmeaning 
antiquities,**  thus  stigmatizing  Natural 
History,  Geology,  and  Archsology. 

Now  philosophers  can  tell  the  aa« 
ihor,  that  the  study  of  Natural  History, 
by  exhibiting  the  glory  of  God,  is  the 
best  friend  to  pietv;  that  without  it 
the  coin|>ass  would  never  have  been 
discovered,  nor  the  wonderful  conve- 
nience of  steam  have  been  ascertained. 
Instead  of  these  useful  pursuits,  we 
are  to  substitute  asceticism.  Now  we 
are  the  better  for  the  services  rendered 
to  literature  by  the  mouks,  and  their 
cultivation  of  waste  lands ;  but  has  it 
contributed  to  the  glory  of  God  and 
the  good  of  man,  that  many  of  them 
lived  only  upon  vegeubles,  and  drank 
only  water  ?  Tliousands  of  the  poor 
Irisli  do  so  at  the  present  da)r,  and  art 
as  blind  devotees  as  can  possibly  exisL 
Are  ikey  models  of  public  utility? 
As  to  Archseologgf,  il  implies  the  pre* 
serration  of  useful  aria;  and  all  tht 
sciences  are  paru  of  a  pump,  which 
dra%vs  op  the  mind  from  sensuality; 
because  where  barbarism  exists,  teose 
and  leose  only  must  pretfoainate :  in- 


deed, the  actual  meant  of  becoming  a 
puriun  at  all,  is  entirely  owing  to  the 
abstraction  created  by  these  despised 
a^u  the  arts  and  sciences;  for  the 
distinction  of  civilised  man  is  abstrac- 
tion. 
Id  p.  132,  our  author  says, 

"  Solieitiide  to  obtaio  saccest,  b  alwsjs 
a  cuipaHt  and  human  fseliog." 

Were  our  Lord  and  the  Apostles 
not  desirous  of  success  ? 

We  regret  to  speak  thus  concerning 
the  defective  reason  of  a  work  of  ex- 
cellent intention,  beautiful  sentiment, 
and  interesting  tales;  but  the  troth  is, 
that  to  excite  a  Gothic  aversion  to  the 
arts  and  sciences,  is  part  and  parcel  of 
the  doctrine  of  modern  devotees.  Phi- 
losophers know,  that  through  their 
mischievous  absurdities,  they  are  brings 
ing  disorder  into  religion,  and  paving 
the  way,  by  certain  though  not  obvious 
consequences,  for  contempt  of  Chris- 
tianity. We  here  stop,  because  the 
folly  of  elevating  negati%'e  innocence 
over  positive  excellence,  has  been  long 
ago  exposed  in  a  work  familiar  to  au 
readers.  *  It  is  painful  to  see  talents  em- 
ployed in  the  revival  of  exploded  bob- 
bles, and  Religion  on  philosophically 
disjoined  from  Providence.  With  this 
exception  only,  we  willingly  concede 
every  praise  to  the  author. 

Estayt  en  PolitiaU  Economy  ;  in  tchieh  org 
illuitraUd  the  prineipai  Cautet  of  the  ftre* 
sent  National  DistreUf  unih  ajfpropriait 
Remedies,     6w).  pp,  462, 

WE  have  always  held  that  produc- 
tion and  population,  like  faith  and 
works  in  religion,  should  never  be  se- 
parately considered  ;  f  and  that  politi- 
cal economy  (as  it  is  called),  or  the 
theory  which  assumes  that  the  well- 
being  of  the  population  is  wholly 
dependent  upon  production,  is  false 
and  un philosophical ;  for  no  fact  it 
more  evident,  "  than  that  people  may 
starve  amidst  plenty.*'  Indm,  produc- 
tion, the  hobby  of  political  economy, 
although  in  se  a  wise  and  good  thing, 
has  a  tendency  to  create  this  very  mi* 
tery,  through  increasiiig  luxury  and 
numbers.  W^e  shall  now  illustrate 
this  affirmation.    Superfluity,  the  re* 

*  The  Ediabiirgk  Revisw. 

f  We  find,  however,  that  when  ao  aigv-« 
Bstat  M  fiafOMT  of  an  hypoihttis  eao  ba 
dnuro  from  populatioo,  it  is  osad,  bat  not 


336 


Rktibw.— >£fsay«  on  PolUkal  Eamomy, 


[ApHI, 


mlt  of  production^  producet  the  means 
of  obtaining  luxuries ;  and  a  consequent 
corruption  of  manners  causes  more  to 
be  expended  upon  subsistence  than 
ought  to  be.  Franklin  proves  this, 
"  n^om  the  Quakers,  from  the  Swiss, 
&c.  among  whom  there  is  not  a  greater 
sum  expended  upon  subsistence,  than 
ought  to  be  consumed ;"  aud  "  from 
Scotland,  where  the  necessaries  of  life 
are  as  dear  or  dearer  than  in  London, 
and  yet  where  the  people  of  all  ranks 
marry.**  We  shall  further  observe, 
that  the  duties  paid  upon  the  luxuries 
only  consumed  by  the  poor,  are  appa- 
rently equal  in  amount  to  that  of  all 
the  poor*s  rates  throughout  the  realm. 
Mr.  Moreau  (Records  of  British  Fi- 
nance, p.  20)  informs  us,  that  the  du- 
ties on  British  spirits  paid  to  the  Ex- 
cise in  the  year  1827,  amounted  to 
2,883,6/0/. ;  upon  tea  to  3,291,817/.  5 
upon  sugar  to  5,254,793/.  ;  total, 
11,430,280/.  If  the  poor's  rates  be 
taken  at  eight  millions,  and  the  poor 
be  considered  as  habituated  to  gin, 
tea,  and  sugar  (setting  apart  tobacco 
and  snuff),  th^y  pay  for  these  articles 
either  out  of  their  earnings  or  paro- 
chial aid.  Either  way,  they  return 
to  Government  a  sum  fully  equal  in 
taxes  to  the  above  amount  in  poor's 
rates,  besides  the  cost  of  the  articles 
to  the  merchant ;  and  whether  they 
receive  parish  pay  or  not,  they  deprive 
their  families  of  necessaries  to  that 
amount,  and  so  create  pauperism.  If 
they  could  have  these  articles  free  of 
duty,  they  might  therefore  save  as 
much  as  the  poor's  rates  amount  to, 
and  the  rich  must  make  up  the  defi- 
ciency in  the  revenue  to  Govern- 
ment. So  much  for  the  operation  of 
luxury. 

Production  thus  stimulated,  employs 
additional  labour,  that  causes  increase 
of  people ;  and  the  Select  (Committee  on 
the  poor's  laws  remarks,  thai  the  d\f» 
ficuUy  is  not  how  lo  furnish  employ^ 
ment  for  pauper  workmen^  but  so  to 
furnish  it,  as  that  that  number  may 
not  be  multiplied  on  our  hands,  (Bos- 
worth,  49.)  This  increase  of  popula- 
tion sinks  through  competition  below 
even  maintenance.  There  are  two  re- 
medies for  this  evil,  lower  prices  of 
provisions,  or  higher  value  of  labour. 
The  former  is  proposed  by  the  politi- 
cal economists  to  be  effected  by  the 
abolition  of  Corn  Bills,  althougn  the 
landed  interest  bears  nearly  the  whole 
burthen  of  the  Poor's  Rates.    This,  in 


abstract  equity,  onght  not  to  be  granted, 
unless  the  poor's  rates  and  all  burthens 
upon  Land  oe  transferred  to  the  Customs 
and  Excise,  and  merchants  and  manu* 
factorers;  for  it  is  to  be  recollected, 
that  if  there  be  Corn  Bills,  not  the 
poor  but  the  rich  are  taxed  by  them, 
because  the  difference  is  made  up 
through  more  extensive  parochial  re- 
lief; whereas  Government  and  mer- 
chants do  not  remunerate  the  poor  at 
all,  for  the  money  spent  in  gm,  tea, 
and  su^ar,  but  such  remuneration  is 
sought  m  the  same  resource,  the  poor's 
rates.  But  let  us  suppose  that  provi- 
sions could  be  cheapened  down  to  no- 
thing. The  rich  landed  proprietor  is 
half-ruined ;  and  does  not  the  potatoe 
system  show,  that  when  it  is  done,  it 
only  produces  an  overwhelming  popu- 
lation, as  in  Ireland  ?  As  to  the  other 
means,  an  augmented  price  of  labour, 
it  diminishes  the  consumption,  and  of 
course  the  amount  both  01  profits,  em- 
ploy, and  earnings. 

Now  we  have  a  right  to  prescribe 
nostrums  as  well  as  political  econo- 
mists and  spade  husbandry  philoso- 
phers, who  would  cover  our  fields  with 
mobs  of  diggers,  like  flocks  of  crows; 
and,  therefore,  we  shall  let  off  our  Uto- 
pianism. 

The  Reports  on  the  Poor  Laws  and 
on  Emigration  Dostulates  the  necessity 
of  a  system  of^  regulated  Emigration 
(see  Bosworth's  Anti-pauper  System, 
pp.  499  50);  and,  under  these  pre- 
mises, we  put  the  following  theoreti- 
cal case.  If  there  were  no  poor's 
rates  demandable  onder  certain  ages, 
(says  fifly)  except  with  regard  to  in- 
fants, and  if  at  times,  when  labour 
fell  below  a  certain  price,  coloniza- 
tion was  the  substitute  for  poor's 
rates  provided  by  the  nation,  then 
production  would  be  in  harmony  with 
the  law  of  Providence,  which,  in  re- 
gard to  all  animals  whatever,  impels 
colonization  as  the  remedy  for  super- 
fluous numbers ;  and  unerringly  so, 
for  in  thinly  peopled  territories,  labour 
rises  to  an  enormous  value.  We  ha%'e 
now  proved  that  the  amount  of  the 
poor's  rates  is  indirectly  a  tax  paid  to 
Government  for  the  gm,  tea,  and  su- 
gar, used  by  the  poor;  and  that  the 
tax  of  a  Corn  Bill  must  be  and  is  made 
up  to  them ;  but  the  system  of  onr  mo- 
dern political  economists  is,  that  land- 
holdere  ought  to  pay  every  thing,  and 
get  nothing  to  pay  it  with. 

As  to  the  book  before  as,  it  it  far 


183a] 


RcTiBW«— £ftayf  on  PolUlcal  Economy. 


337 


more  salitfactoty  than  many  of   the 
works  upon  "  political  economy,*'  for 
they  have  moatly  more  show  than  tub- 
stance.    There  is,  however,  an  atten- 
tion to  matters  of  fact,  and  deductions 
from   them,  so  clear  and   able,   that 
much  valuable  knowledge  cannot  fail 
to   be  acquired,    however  vulnerable 
may  be  certain   hypotheses  and   pro- 
jects.    The  ingenuity  of  the  author  is 
particularly  conspicuous  in  the  chap- 
ter upon  Paper  Currency.     We  shall 
extract  what  he  says  about  the  sup- 
pression of  the  small  notes. 
-    «  Gold  atuioed  a  higher  value  in  coote- 
qoence  of  the  demand  ariaing  from  a  con- 
tracted circulation  of  the  small  notes,     fiot 
every  increase  in  the  value  of  gold   it  in 
truth  an  increase  in  the  value  of  all  the  cir- 
cuiatiog  medium,  at  at  present  regulated, 
and  becoKes  in  effect  an  increate  to  the 
tame  proportionate  extent  in  the  amount  of 
all  taxation   leviejl  in  the  country.     Let  it 
be  conceded,  that  the  increate  in  the  value 
of  gold  hat  amounted  to  four  uer  cent  only ; 
even  upon  that  tuppotition  the  taxation  of 
the   British  people   it  annually  augmented 
more  than  two  milliont  and  a  quarter  of 

rnda  sterling.  Thit  additional  burthen 
one  year  it  doubilett  greater  than  all 
the  lotaet  tuttained  from  the  failure  of 
country  bankt  daring  the  whole  period  of 
the  memorable  panic,  at  the  tame  time  the 
sopprettion  of  the  tmall  notet  affurdt  no 
effectual  tecnritv  against  the  recurrence  of 
similar  dittrett.' 

"  A  teeond  conteqoence  wat  perhapt  not 
adverted  to  likewite.  By  requiring  addi- 
tional toppliea  of  gold  from  other  couotriet, 
it  became  of  course  necettary  to  tend  to 
tbem  an  equivalent  value  in  exchange.  Sup- 
posing that  in  addition  to  tlie  gold  emitting 
m  the  country,  a  further  quantity  of  teven 
or  eight   millions  of  sovereigns  were   re- 

r*  edy  in  order  to  tupplv  the  vacuum  in 
circulation  canted  by  the  partial  extinc- 
tion of  tmall  notet ;  then  an  equal  amount 
of  ca|Htal  mutt  be  tent  from  thit  country. 
A  permanent  injury  to  the  community  aritet 
from  the  abttraction  of  a  large  amount  of 
capital,  which  waa  utefully  employed  either 
in  tetting  laboorert  to  work,  or  in  atsisting 
those  with  capital  who  to  employed  it. 
The  capiul  thut  abttracted  porcluMes  gold, 
which  cannot  be  more  utefully  employed 
than  the  peper  currency  previoutly  circu- 
lating ;  whibt  the  capKal  withdrawn  to  pay 
for  the  gold  coin  can  no  longer  contribute 
to  tiie  increate  of  national  wealth.*''p.  134. 

Here  the  ingenuity  of  the  author  is 
more  conspicuous  than  his  sagacity. 
Our  author  attributes  (p.  118  si-q.)  the 
insecurity  of  country  bank  pa|>er  to 
the  limitation  of  six  partners  only,  as 

Gmt.  Mao.  jifrilf  1830. 


enacted  under  the  Bank  charter.  The 
connection  of  a  national  bank  with 
Government  is,  in  our  judgment,  a 
convenience,  without  which  public 
business  could  not  be  so  well  conduct- 
ed as  it  now  is.  The  policy  of  Minis- 
ters at  the  panic  of  1825,  was  evi- 
dently to  embrace  the  opportunity  of 
annihilating  gradually  the  rivalry  of 
the  country  banks,  by  effecting  a  de- 
pendence, instead,  of  the  people  at 
large,  upon  the  national  firm,  through 
the  institution  of  branch  banks.  That 
many  most  respectable  country  bank- 
ers were  victimated,  that  accommoda- 
tion was  narrowed,  and  business  con- 
tracted in  consequence,  is  obvious; 
and  as  country  bankers  have  resolved 
not  to  negociate  Bank  of  England  pa- 
per, but  to  draw  out  gold  for  all  such 
paper  as  they  receive,  the  collision 
must  produce  an  unnecessary  reseri'e 
or  hoard  of  gold,  which  is  not  turned 
to  improveable  account  by  either 
party,  because  both  the  country  bankers 
and  the  Bank  of  England  before  must 
be  prepared  against  emergencies  un- 
known. 

What  we  have  said  of  emigration 
and  colonizing  is,  we  know,  contro- 
verted ;  but  only,  as  we  think,  by  ar- 
guments which  tend  to  show  that  ne- 
cessity of/g/i/ to  yield  to  convenience,— 
but  must,  not  ought,  is  the  ultima  ratio 
of  the  former.  If  able-bodied  men 
ever  expatriate  themselves,  it  is  only 
because  they  would  be  starved  by  stay- 
ing in  their  native  land ;  and  when- 
ever labour  rises  to  adequate  mainte- 
nance at  home,  supply  will  always 
meet  demand,  and  emigration  will 
cease.  Nor  is  this  all.  Our  author 
very  justly  observes,  that  crime  |>artly 
grows  out  of  extinction  of  hope. 

**  When  the  convicted  criminal  arrives  in 
New  Holland,  he  it  compelled  to  labour, 
and  it  it  only  from  diligence  and  good  con- 
duct, that  he  can  expect  any  mitigation  of 
hit  sentence.  In  hit  native  land  the  high 
price  of  food  taket  away  to  great  a  propor- 
tion of  wages,  at  to  leave  to  many  lahourera 
the  meant  fioly  of  prolonging  a  painful  ex- 
istence. But  in  the  country  of  exile,  the 
crin.ioal  it  not  void  of  hope.  There  he 
finds  new  motives  for  induttriout  exertions, 
and  sees  in  the  frequent  advancement  of 
others  the  postibility  of  hit  own.  Habitt 
which  have  long  taken  root,  a/^  indeed  dif- 
ficult to  eradicate ;  yet  to  powerful  it  the 
influence  of  hope  on  the  mind,  when  often 
verified  in  the  tucoett  of  our  equals,  that 
man  will  almost  change  his  nature.    Such 


7 


33it  Review. — Washin^on  Irving  s  Life  of  Columhiis,         [April; 


Ml  dtcntion  is  MtitMd  by  the  ttroDg  prin- 
oiple  of  telf-love,  and  will  not  b«  then  coun- 
teracted by  the  cooktant  excitement  of 
mind,  which  is  engendered  by  an  uninter- 
rupted course  of  crime;  there  no  longer 
exists  the  emulation  among  associates  in 
guilt;  and  the  anxiety  to  remove  painful 
reflections,  together  with  the  reflections 
themselves,  subsides  by  the  lapse  of  time.*' 
—p.  41. 

The  Life  and  Fayages  qf  Christopher  Co* 
lumbus.  By  Washington  Irving  (atridged 
by  the  sarruO.  ISmo. /)/>.  357.  fFamily 
Library t  No,  XI J 

THIS  work  opens  with  an  account 
of  the  birih,  parentage,  and  education 
of  Columbus.  It  stales  him  to  have 
been  born  in  the  city  of  Genoa,  about 
the  year  1435,  the  son  of  Domenico 
Colombo,  a  wool-comber,  whose  an- 
cestors seem  to  have  followed  the  same 
trade  for  several  generations  in  Genoa. 
While  very  young,  he  was  taught 
reading,  writing,  grammar,  arithmetic, 
and  some  drawing,  but  soon  evinced  a 
strong  passion  for  geography,  and  a 
nautical  life.  To  encourage  this  bias, 
his  father  endeavoured  to  give  him  an 
education  suitable  for  maritime  life. 
He  sent  him  therefore  to  the  University 
of  Paviu,  where  he  was  instructed  in 
geometry,  geography,  astronomy,  and 
navigation ;  and  acquired  a  familiar 
knowledge  of  Latin.  At  the  age  of 
fourteen  he  entered  into  uauticallife, 
and,  says  Mr.  Irving, 

"  A  complete  obscurity  rests  upon  this 
part  of  his  history." — p.  3. 

Here  we  shall  take  our  stand.  We 
allow  that  Mr.  Irvinj^  is  supported  by 
other  writers  concernmg  the  early  his- 
tory of  Columbus,  yet  it  plainly  appears 
not  to  be  well  authenticated.  We 
shall  therefore  translate  from  Solor- 
zanus  the  account  given  in  his  learned 
work  '^  De  Indiarum  Jure'*  (L.  i.  c. 
5,  p.  29),  because  that  work  comprises 
the  statements  of  all  preceding  Spanish 
writers. 

'*  The  first  praise  of  this  great  discovery 
is  by  universal  consent  given  to  Christopher 
Colono,  or  as  others  call  him,  Colombo. 
He  was  by  nation  a  Ligurian  or  Genoese, 
ex  vico  Nervii,  not  a  man  of  large  fortune, 
but  of  acute  genius,  very  skilful  of  nautical 
matters,  and  most  industrious  cosmngrapher. 
Having  gone  into  Portugal  to  gain  money 
by  making  and  mending  naval  charts,  and 
married  a  wife  from  the  island  of  Madeira, 
he  emigrated  thither.  There,  as  many 
think,  he  began  to  revolve  in  his  own  mind. 


and  at  leneth  to  fix,  from  Mtronanileal 
science,  ana  some  monuments  of  the  aa^ 
cients,  and  other  arguments,  which  varuMs 
authors  report  variously,  according  to  their 
fancies,  and  especially  Ant.  Herrer,  m  BitU 
Gen,  Jnd,  decad,  i.  bb,  t.  e,  2  el  3,  the  great 
spaces  of  land  beyond  the  limits  of  the  world 
then  known,  and  the  extent  of  them,  east 
and  west. 

**  Others  however  say,  that  he  Iras  led 
into  this  knowledge  and  hope,  by  the  rela* 
tions  of  a  certain  guest,  who  having  beea 
shipwrecked  in  the  Atlantic,  was  thrown  bv 
force  of  the  tempest  upon  undiscovered  land* 
and  having  delineated  it,  with  difficulty  •( 
length  reached  Madeira;  and  dying  in  the 
house  and  arms  of  Columbus,  opened  to  him 
the  whole  matter,  as  a  reward  fur  his  hospi- 
ulity.  To  this  tradition  Tomiel  (in  AnndU 
Saer,  Tom.  t.  ami,  mundi  1931,  num,  4SJ 
very  lately  pays  much  respect,  although 
Hier.  Benxo  fLib.  i.  Hi$L  Nw.  Orb,  cap,  ^ 
imprudently  affirms,  that  the  story  was 
trumped  up  by  the  Spaniards,  to  defraud 
Columbus  of  his  glory. 

«<  Some  affirm,  that  this  [shipwrecked 
man]  was  a  Portuguese,  among  whom  ia 
Peter  Damariz  Cl>^'  4  dt  Far,  HiA  e.  4* 
JiL  15  U,  who  contends  that  on  this  ac« 
count  the  discovery  bebngs  to  his  nation* 
But  others  more  frequently  opine  (opinantur) 
that  this  naufiagee  was  a  Bcetican  or  Anda« 
lusian  sailor  and  merchant,  and  that  his 
name  and  country  remains  in  obscurity,  btf 
cause  God  chose  that  the  glory  of  the  dis- 
covery should  be  ascribed  to  Him,  and  noi 
to  men ;  as  observes  Joseph  Aeost,  Lib,  U 
de  Hist,  Ind,  cap.  19.  Fr.  Gregor.  Garc.  de 
Indor.  ow  Lib.  i.  0.  4  §  p.  66;  and  Fr« 
Joannes  Torquem  in  Mcnarch,  Ind.  Ub.  98* 
cop.  t. ;  although  lately  Garcia  Lassus  Inoat 
in  suis  Comment,  de  Jncar.  orig.  Lib.  i.  e^ 
8,  (who  quotes,  and  seems  to  fiillow,  AJdreU 
dt  Antiq.  Hispan.  Lib,  4,  cap,  17$  p.  6679 
and  upon  no  foundation  as  mr  as  I  know,) 
calls  tnis  man  Alphonson  Sanchex  by  name, 
and  pUkces  bis  shipwreck  about  tae  year 
1484." 

Thos  Solorvanuft,  in  literal  transla* 
tion.  Upon  dubioas  questions  of  early 
history,  we  are  inclined  to  place  great 
reliance  upon  contemporary  authority 
and  the  opinions  of  the  timet.  Among 
the  latter  was  one,  that  the  seat  of  the 
Antediluvian  paradise  was  under  the 
equinoctial  line,  and  that  from  tba 
fertility  and  climate,  Columbus  was 
inclined  to  think  that  he  had  made  tbt 
discovery  (Solorzanus,  p.  46).  It  is 
however  most  certain  that  ancient  tra- 
ditions did  point  to  the  existence  of 
such  an  unknown  continent,  and  thai 
Columbus  might,  and  probably  waa 
instigated  bv  such  hypothetical  antici- 
pations.   The  Atlanteid  of  Plato,  vmI 


tSSa]      Rivitv.— WMbiBgUn  Irving't  t^*  of  CoUi*%iu. 

diNCrtttioM  in  the  NMk-  in  MSS.    *««.i«l  "*!«•.  *y  *r ' 
a  for  thwopinioo.  EiHlEwt": 

£RN^  led  bT  ihc  doc- 


of  a  direct  ptopbee;  ii 

the  loi  lowing  wordi : 

•■  VraicM  unti 


up  rgoicing,  *nd  ordering  all  hi>  crtw 
to  be  auembled,  Mturtd  them  thtt 
ihcj  would  won  Kc  Und.  Solorun. 
144. 

That   Mr.  WMhinnion  Ir»ing  bit 
undertaken  the  ^ft 


B?  the  t^aciiJs  reruM  laxtl,  U  under- 
■tood  ibii  ih«  ti«lei  would  no  lonpt 
be  tlie  boundary  of  the  niuilcat  powen 
of  th  and  indeed  it  i*  aU 

"^|wiii  their  impcr< 
feet  tm  "::  JC  •l<">«  prevented 

earlier  a   that   then   ig- 

WorldwMMkTj 


for  on  the  eonirarr. 

5!         e*i«. 
niMHcd  bf  Jemm,  write 
Mandi  fNt  Irani 
lorianoi.  p-  90.  •"  "hnni  we  are  in- 
debted Tor 

It  may  ibererore  be  wore  accurate  to 
'lai  Anierka  wii  not  unknown 
^  Coluntbut.  but  that 

he  WW  the  nenon  who 
thefiru  the  problem. 

firtt  iquared  the  circle  {  and  that  the 
country  known  to  the  an- 

.-  '  Jill  rtAi  Irnnur  ihff 


eyg,  and  find  Tiom 
01.  p.  30.  that  i(  ii  a  atory 
uuon  a  real  fact,  and  pretetved 


hiitory  of  America,  in  all  other  re- 

■nectt.  lietin  a  ntiiihell.    It  ii  merely 

whom  nothing 

of  civilized  Eu- 


vidcnce  does  not  prmiit 

reduced  to  privaie  properly,  and  culti- 
vated.    In    ihon,   all  the   pro|iCHiTe 
condition*  of  man  are  ekhibiied  in  the 
had  been 
for  1^^        loaophicit 

and  poUiical  llluilraiioni.  And  a*  to 
liietaiure.  ihe  "  LifeofColumbui"  is, 
and  can  be,  no  other  than  a  Robinion 
Cr  j«oe  for  philofcophert,  upon  a  aclen- 
lific  icale. 


Mtmoir  ^  Ihl 


thatil  „        "I*  !""" 

fcrrri  Peru.    Solorw- 

nui,  p.  !»i-  ,  .     ,  . 

In  ahiiM,  it  appear*  plain  from  the 
dependence  placed  on  the  comiw.  at 
atated  by  Mr.  Irring  in  p.  03,  that  it 
_,j  liom  uf  that  inven- 

tion ^  realiic 

hi,  tenth 

loM,  (hat 
4wt  aboaU  aBy 
•M  givi  a  nntiet  of  laad,  aad  kod  bM  ba 


F.RS.tre. 
tnaumi  i^  Juaa, 
,I1S,  ai^  af  BtMtolrti^  oMtf  ill 


IN   nor  '«  noitced 

with   muel  dr.  Gleiga 

Life  of  Si  a  work  10 

be  placed  among  the  permanent  hiiio- 
riei  of  oar  Ungnage,  and  to  be  Tegi»- 
teted  at  a  moat  valuable  contribution 
(o  modem  liieniurc,  and  lo  the  know- 


340 


R£VXBW.«-I.t/e  of  Sir  Stamford  Haffia* 


[April, 


ledse  already  possessed  of  the  manners 
and  statistics  of  British  India.  Of  the 
same  character  is  the  Memoir  of  Sir 
Stamford  Raffles,  and  we  welcome 
with  the  most  unaffected  cordiality  an- 
other proof,  if  proof  were  wanting,  of 
eminent  talents  fostered  by  the  patron- 
age and  protection  of  the  East  India 
Company,  and  repaying  the  judgment 
that  selected  them,  by  a  devotion  of 
the  best  energies  of  head  and  heart  to 

f»lans  of  government  worthy  of  an  en- 
ightcned  statesman,  and  to  a  moral 
improvement  of  the  governed,  worthy 
the  comprehensive  benevolence  of  the 
philanthropist. 

In  our  number  for  July  182G,  we 

f;ave  a  memoir  of  the  private  and  pub- 
ic life  of  Sir  T.  S.  Raffles  (from  the 
pen  of  one  who  knew  him  well),  so 
full  as  seems  to  leave  us  little  room  for 
any  further  general  infurmation  re- 
specting him ;  and  were  we  to  con- 
dense the  present  account  of  his  life 
and  services,  we  should  but  perform 
less  perfectly  what  has  been  so  well 
recorded  by  an  abler  hand.  Referring 
our  readers  to  that  narrative,  we  will 
content  ourselves  with  a  rapid  glance 
at  the  biography  of  this  accomplished 
man,  reserving  our  extracts  for  some 
of  the  curious  and  entertaining  mat- 
ter with  which  the  volume  abounds. 
And  here  let  us  do  justice  to  the  ta- 
lents and  judgment  which  has  been 
displayed  by  the  Editor  during  the 
whole  progress  of  her  laborious  task. 
Shrinking  with  true  feminine  gentle- 
ness from  all  obtrusion  of  her  own 
pretensions,  her  sole  aim  has  been  to 

{)Iace  the  character  of  her  distinguished 
lusband  in  its  true  light,  and  this  she 
effects  with  a  simplicity  of  purpose, 
and  an  unostentatious  talent,  at  once 
graceful  and  affecting.  The  pearls  are 
gathered  into  shapes  of  beauty  and 
harmony,  but  the  string  by  which 
they  are  held  together  is  invisible. 
Lady  Raffles  writes  **  not  herself;*'  her 
memory  dwells  but  on  him  of  whom 
she  was  justly  proud,  and  she  will  rank 
in  after-times  with  the  Fancourts  and 
the  Hutchinsons,  with  those  exemp- 
lary  women,  to  whom  it  was  given  to 
share  in  the  honours  and  virtues  of 
their  living  lords,  and  to  bequeath  the 
rich  legacy  of  their  example  to  poste- 
rity. 

There  is  no  parade  of  religion  in 
**  the  Editor"  of  these  volumes,  yet 
does  the  mild  and  steady  Ijsht  of  a 
Christian  pen  and  of  a  Christian  tem- 


per eild  every  page  of  her  narrative,  be 
It  of  joy  or  sorrow;  the  rich  Tein  of 
piety  runs  through  all  she  writes,  and 
the  impress  of  a  devout  spirit  is  upon 
all  she  utters.  Her  eulogy  may  be 
written  in  a  few  words, — she  is  the 
worthy  wife  of  Sir  Sumford  Raffles. 

The  subject  of  this  memoir  was 
born  at  sea  off  the  harbour  of  Port  Mo- 
rant  in  the  island  of  Jamaica,  1781. 
What  education  he  gained  was  under 
Dr.  Anderson  of  Hammersmith,  from 
whose  school  he  was  removed  at  the 
early  age  of  14,  and  placed  as  an  extra 
clerk  in  the  India  House.  The  defi- 
ciency of  early  education  was  the  sub- 
ject of  great  regret  to  him  through  life, 
but  no  one  ever  more  successfully  la- 
boured to  remedy  the  defect  than  did 
young  Raffles;  he  studied  in  stolen 
moments,  and  acquired  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  French  by  his  own  un- 
aided exertions.  His  good  character 
and  conduct  in  the  subordinate  office 
he  filled  gained  him  friends ;  and  on 
the  estabhshment  of  a  settlement  by 
the  East  India  Company  at  Penans*  he 
was  appointed  assistant  secretary.  Dar- 
ing the  voyage  he  made  considerable 
progress  in  the  Malayan  language,  in 
which  he  was  soon  afterwards  enabled 
to  converse  with  fluency,  and  on  the 
accession  of  the  secretary  to  a  seat  in 
the  council,  he  was  appointed  to  the 
vacant  office.  He  was  soon  af\erwards 
employed  by  Lord  Minto  in  procuring 
information  respecting  Java,  the  sub- 
jecting of  which  to  the  British  Govern* 
ment  was  now  deemed  of  importance. 
This  conquest  was  speedily  effected, 
and  Mr.  Raffles  was  appointed  Lieute- 
nant Governor,  a  situation  which  he 
held  for  about  five  years.  In  1816  he 
returned  to  England,  and  published 
his  excellent  History  of  Java.  In 
1818  he  returned  to  India  (having 
been  previously  knighted  by  his  late 
Majesty),  with  the  title  of  Lieutenant 
Goveriior  of  Fort  Marlborough,  or 
Bencoolen,  the  seat  of  the  English 
Government  at  Sumatra.  In  1824  he 
again  returned  to  England,  after  suffer- 
ing, as  will  be  remembered,  an  im- 
mense loss  by  the  burning  of  the  ves- 
sel in  which  he  had  first  embarked. 
He  lived  in  comparative  retirement  on 
his  estate  at  High  wood  near  Hendon, 
Middlesex,  where  he  suddenly  expired 
uf  a|x>plexy,  on  the  5th  of  July,  1886, 
in  the  46tn  year  of  his  age. 

The  most  active  and  prominent  pe- 
riods of  his  life  were  of  course  during 


1830.] 


RiTitw.— Lt/<o/5ir  Stamford  Bafflet. 


341 


his  goveroment  of  Jan,  and  aftarwards 
of  Bencoolen.  We  will  now  direct 
our  attention  to  these  portions  of  this 
most  interesting  volume. 

The  industry  and  talent  exhibited  by 
SirS.  T.  Raffli*s,  in  collecting  informa- 
tion on  the  subject  of  Java  previous  to 
ii!i  conquest  by  the  British,  is  beyond 
all  praise,  as  it  exceeds  all  belief.  His 
letters  to  Lord  Minto  convey  every 
thing  that  could  be  necessary  to  be 
known;  they  are  as  comprehensive  in 
their  views  as  they  are  mmuie  in  their 
details,  and  must  have  greatly  facili- 
tated the  object  to  be  attained  ;  nor 
was  the  secret  kept  with  less  wisdom 
than  was  exhibited  in  the  arrange- 
ments ;  for,  until  it  was  publicly  an- 
nounced, and  the  intention  of  the  Go- 
vernor General  to  proceed  in  person 
was  made  known,  not  a  word  was  sur- 
mised or  whispered  on  the  subject. 

The  capture  of  Java  was  effected  by 
Sir  Samuel  Achmuty,  after  a  short 
but  arduous  campaign,  and  the  ap- 
pointment of  Mr.  Ka  jfles  to  the  govern- 
ment and  its  dependencies,  was  the 
proper  and  natural  reward  of  his  pre- 
vious labours  and  his  important  ser- 
vices. 

Of  his  conduct  during  this  difficult 
administration,  it  is  impossible  to  ex- 
press ourselves  too  stronsly  or  too  ap- 
provingly ;  that  he  oastea  through  this 
government  with  the  approbation  of 
all  parlies,  it  would  be  temerity  to  af- 
6rm ;  local  prejudices  might  be  wound- 
ed, private  interests  might  suffer  wrong. 
He  was  harassed  by  opposition,  and 
but  feebly  supported  by  cold  and  cau- 
tious councils;  but,  to  use  the  lan- 
guage of  the  Court  of  Directors,  his 
measures  not  merely  stund  exempt 
from  any  selfish  or  sordid  taint,  but 
they  sprung  from  motives  perfectly 
correct  and  laudable. 

To  enter  into  any  Mn^  like  minute- 
ness of  detail  of  his  administration  in 
Java,  within  the  limits  of  this  review, 
would  be  impossible ;  of  his  plans  of 
reform,  it  may  be  stated  with  truth, 
that  they  were  conceived  with  judj?- 
ment,  and  steadily  pursued.  To  his 
projects  for  his  country's  interest,  he 
always  united  the  moral  improvement 
of  the  |)eople  over  whom  he  was  placed. 
Among  the  laws  and  regulations  of  the 
colony  may  be  mentioned,  the  declara- 
tion of  the  slave  trade  to  be  felony^ 
and  th6  general  registry  of  slaves ;  he 
formed  three  dependent  [esideiicet,  in 
order  to  promote  au  increased  traffic  to 


their  staple  commodities;  he  ie»iiiodell« 
ed  old  literary  and  scientific  institu- 
tions, and  established  new.  But  we 
cannot  do  better  than  adopt  the  words 
of  the  Editor : 

**  The  results  of  his  policy  were  exten- 
slve  revenue  and  judicial  arraogemeots  af> 
fecciog  European  and  native  inhabitanU ;  le- 
fcirras  of  courts  of  justice,  and  the  establbh- 
ineot  of  a  magistracy ;  the  institutkni  of  trial 
by  jury,  and  of  Uwi  for  the  abolition  of 
slavery ;  the  passing  a  code  of  regulatioiis 
for  the  Dutch  courts ;  the  prosecution  of 
statistical  surveys  under  a  committee,  by 
which  a  knowledge  was  obtained  of  the  va- 
lue and  importance  of  ilie  islands,  till  then 
unknown  even  to  the  Dutch,  who  had  been 
there  for  three  centuries ;  the  revival  of  the 
Batavian  Society,  and  researches  and  collec- 
tions in  natural  history,  now  deposited  in 
the  India  House.'* — p.  883. 

In  entering  upon  the  government  of 
Bencoolen,  the  first  attempts  of  Sir 
Stamford  Raffies  were  directed  to  the 
amelioration  of  the  settlement,  and 
more  particularly  as  it  respected  its 
moral  reformation.  He  found  that, 
contrary  to  the  principles  and  general 
practice  of  the  cast  India  Company, 
slavery  was  countenanced  and  encou- 
raged, and  that  gangs  of  nesroes,  to  the 
amount  of  between  two  and  three  hun- 
dred, were  thus  employed.  An  imme- 
diate emancipation  ot  the  whole  was 
the  result.  National  schools  were 
formed. 

In  a  letter  to  the  Duchess  of  Somer- 
set, Sir  Stamford  Raffles  describes  a 
race  of  cannibals ;  the  more  extraor- 
dinary, as  making  no  slight  preten- 
sions to  civilization.  They  form  an 
extensive  and  populous  nation  of  Su- 
matra called  the  Battas,  occupying  the 
whole  of  that  part  of  the  island  lying 
between  Acheen  and  Menangkabn. 

*<A  few  years  ago,  a  man  had  been  found 
guilty  of  a  very  common  crime,  and  was 
sentenced  to  be  eaten  according  to  the  law 
of  the  land  ;  this  took  place  close  to  Tap- 
panooly ;  the  Resident  was  invited  to  at- 
tend; he  declined,  but  hit  assistant  sad  a 
native  officer  were  present.  As  soon  as 
they  reached  the  spott  they  foood  a  large 
assemblage  of  people,  and  the  criminal  tiad 
to  a  tree,  with  his  hands  extended,  llie 
minister  of  Jostice,  who  was  himself  a  Chief 
of  some  rank,  then  came  forward  with  a 
large  knife  in  bb  band,  which  he  brandish- 
ed as  ha  approached  the  victim.  Ha  was 
followed  by  a  man  carrying  a  dish,  in  which 
was  a  preparation  or  condiment*  composed 
of  limes,  chillies,  and  salt,  called  by  the 
Malays  somhil.    He  than  caUad  aloud  for 


S4S 


Rbview.*— Li/«  of  Sir  Stamford  Rafflu. 


[April, 


the  iofared  hutlMmd,  aod  demanded  what 
part  he  cbote;  he  replied  the  right  ear, 
which  was  immediately  cut  off  with  one 
•troke»  and  delivered  to  the  party,  who, 
turning  round  to  the  man  behmd,  delibe- 
rately dipped  it  into  the  sambul,  and  de- 
voured it ;  the  rest  of  the  party  then  fell 
upon  the  body,  each  taking  and  eating  the 
part  most  to  his  liking.  After  they  had 
cut  off  a  considerable  part  of  the  flesh,  one 
man  stabbed  him  to  the  heart;  but  this 
was  rather  out  of  compliment  to  the  foreign 
visitors,  as  it  is  by  no  means  the  custom  to 
give  the  coup  de  grace." 

The  following  beauufully  simple 
(tatemenl  of  a  single-hearteci  mission- 
ary is  from  the  pen  of  the  Editor : 

'*  Mr.  Burton  the  missionary  had  request- 
ed permission  to  leave  Bencoolen  and  settle 
In  the  Batta  country  with  his  wife  and  chil- 
dren, for  the  purpose  of  establishing  schools, 
and  devoting  his  life  to  the  education  and 
improvement  of  a  people  whose  character 
and  barbarous  customs  excited  general  hor- 
ror and  detestation.  He  was  exceedingly 
well  received,  and  the  people  gladly  availed 
themselves  of  the  means  ot  instruction  thus 
offered  them,  but  after  having  laboured  dili- 
gently for  several  years,  and  succeeded  in 
establishing  schools,  both  himself  and  hit 
wife  fell  a  sacrifice  to  the  climate,  and  the 
Editor  cannot  but  bear  her  testimony  to  the 
brightness  of  faith }  the  humble  trust  in 
God  alone;  the  total  sacrifice  of  |ier8onal 
comfort  which  they  evinced,  when  they  went 
with  their  infant  children  among  these  peo- 
ple, with  the  determination  there  to  live  and 
die,  there  to  devote  themselves  to  the  la- 
bour of  love,  in  the  hope  of  conveying  the 
glad  tidings  of  the  Gospel  to  those  who  had 
yet  to  learn  that  the  Son  of  God  died  for 
them." 

Sir  S.  Raffles  gives  the  following  ac- 
count of  the  eruption  from  the  Tom- 
boro  mountain  in  the  island  of  Sam- 
bawa,  one  of  the  roost  violent  and  ex- 
traordinary of  such  explosions  yel 
known. 

The  first  explosions  were  heard  in 
this  island  on  the  evening  of  the  5th 
of  April,  and  the  noise  was  in  the  first 
instance  almost  universally  attributed 
to  distant  cannon. 

**  On  the  following  morning,  however, 
(says  Sir  S.  Raffles)  a  slight  fall  of  ashes  re- 
moved all  doubt  as  to  the  cause  of  the 
sound,  and  it  is  worthy  of  remark,  that  as 
the  eruption  continued,  the  sound  appeared 
to  be  so  close,  that  in  each  district  it  seem- 
ed near  at  hand;  it  was  attributed  to  an 
eruption  from  tl>e  Marapi,  the  Gunung 
Kloot,  or  the  Gunung  Bromo. 

*'  From  the  6th,  the  sun  became  ob- 
•cvred :  it  had  every  appearance  of  being 


enveloped  in  fog,  the  weather  waa  i«ltryy 
and  the  atmotphere  doee  and  ttill ;  the  tnn 
•eemed  shorn  of  its  rays,  and  thm  general 
stillness  and  pressure  of  the  atmosphere 
foreboded  an  earthquake.  This  lasted  seve- 
ral days,  the  explosions  continued  occa- 
sionally, but  less  violentlv,  and  less  fre- 
quently than  at  first.  Volcanic  ashes  alto 
began  to  fiill,  but  in  small  quantities ;  and 
so  slightly  as  to  be  hardly  perceptible  in  the 
western  districts. 

**  This  appearance  of  the  atmotphere  re- 
mained with  little  variation,  until  the  10th 
of  April,  and  till  then  it  does  not  appear 
that  the  volcano  attracted  much  obaenra* 
tion,  or  was  considered  of  greater  import* 
anoe  than  those  which  have  oceatiooally 
burst  forth  in  Java.  But  on  the  evening  oif 
the  10th,  the  eroptiont  were  heard  more 
loud,  and  more  firequent  from  Cheribon  east- 
ward ;  the  air  became  darkened  bv  the  quan- 
tity of  falling  ashes,  and  in  several  situations, 
particularly  at  Solo  and  Rembang,  many 
said  that  they  felt  a  tremulous  motion  of 
the  earth.  It  is  universally  remarked  in  the 
more  eastern  districts,  that  the  explosions 
were  tremendous,  continuing  frequently  dur- 
ing the  11th,  and  of  such  violence  as  to 
shake  the  houses  perceptibly ;  an  unusually 
thick  darkness  was  remarked  all  the  follow- 
ing nighty  and  the  greater  part  of  the  nest 
day.  At  Solo,  on  the  13th,  at  four  p.  m* 
objects  were  not  visible  at  800  yards  dis- 
tance. At  Gresie,  and  other  districts  more 
eastward,  it  wat  dark  as  nieht  the  greater 
part  of  the  1 8th  of  April,  and  this  saturated 
state  of  the  atmosphere  lessened  as  the  cloud 
of  ashes  passed  along  and  discharged  itself 
on  its  way.  Thus  the  ashes,  which  were 
eight  inches  deep  at  Banyuwangi,  were  but 
two  in  depth  at  Sumanap,  aud  ttill  less  in 
Gresie ;  and  the  sun  does  not  teem  to  have 
been  actually  obscured  in  any  district  west* 
ward  of  Samaraog." 

Lady  Raffles  relates  an  affecting 
anecdote  of  the  character  and  feeling 
of  the  natives  of  Bencoolen.  She  was 
suffering  under  the  bereavement  of  i 
child,  a  boy  of  great  promise. 

**  Unable  to  bear  the  tight  of  her  other 
children,  unable  to  bear  even  the  light  of 
day,  humbled  upon  her  couch,  with  a  feel- 
ing of  misery,  when  she  was  thus  addreeted 
by  a  poor  ignorant  uninstructed  native  wo* 
roan  of  the  lowest  class  (who  had  been  em* 
ployed  about  the  nursery)  in  terms  of  re- 
proach not  to  be  forgotten  :  <  I  aai  eome 
because  you  have  been  here  many  days  thut 
op  in  a  dark  room,  and  no  one  daret  to  oome 
near  you.  Are  you  not  ashamed  to  griet e 
in  this  manner,  when  you  ought  to  be 
thanking  God  for  having  given  you  the 
most  beautiful  child  that  ever  was  teenf 
Were  you  not  the  envy  of  every  body  ?  Did 
any  one  ever  tee  him  or  tpcak  of  hin  with- 
out admiring  hiOf  and  intleod  .of  Ittllag 


188a] 


RitUw.— CinM*t  TVoiM  tn  th§  Emtk. 


348 


ihU  ehU4  •otto—  \m  Um  worUl  tiU  bo 
•houUI  bo  woni  out  with  troublo  old  mf- 
ro«»  hM  not  Ood  tokto  bioi  to  Hoovoo  ia 
all  hit  boooty  ?  What  would  you  bove  mora  ? 
For  tbMM  I  loovo  off  wcopiog*  ood  let  mo 
opon  0  window.' " 

In  Bencoolen,  as  in  Java,  the  ad- 
minittraiion  of  Sir  Siainford  Rafflct 
was  distinguished  by  the  same  en- 
lightened policT»  conducted  on  the 
same  liberal  and  philunthropic  princi- 
ples, and  for  the  same  ends,  his  coun- 
try's honour  and  the  benefit  of  man- 
kmd. 

Of  the  dreadful  misfortune  by  which 
his  departure  from  Sumatra  was  at- 
tended, it  will  be  sufficient  to  say  that 
it  only  served  to  place  his  character  in 
a  lisht  affectingly  noble. 

To  recommend  such  a  volume  is  un- 
necessary :  it  is  most  refreshing  to  turn 
to  such  a  narrative;  encouraging  to 
dwell  on  such  an  eaample. 

Reeolltetiont  ^  Travelt  in  Ike  Eatt,    By 
John  Caroe,  £ff .     Colbom  ond  Beatloy. 

THIS  is  a  very  pleasing  volume; 
and  f  peaking  of  pl^^ces  with  which  our 
memories  are  as  familiar  as  with  house- 
hold words,  it  has  a  singular  attraction 
for  readers  of  all  classes. 

"  Happy  traveller!  '*  will  the  young 
and  pious  Bible  student  exclaim,  "  to 
have  trodden  the  ground  which  the 
Redeemer  once  delighted  Co  visit.  To 
stand  hy  the  sea  of  Tiberius,  and  the 
lake  of  Genesaret,  or  to  trace  the  spot 
where  Saul  and  his  sons  were  slain,  or 
the  armies  of  Sisera  were  swept  away  ; 
to  mnrk  the  spot  where  Elijah  slew 
the  Priesu  of  Baal,  on  the  memora- 
ble day  when  '  all  Israel  was  gather- 
ed unto  ("armel ;'  or  to  visit  the  cave 
of  the  Sorceress  of  Endor.*'  Frisid 
indeed  would  be  the  philosophy  that 
would  conduct  the  traveller  indiHerent 
or  unmoved  over  such  hallowed  ground. 
Something  there  might  be  of  fiction  in 
depicting  tha  precise  locality,  but  to 
surrender  the  mind  unhesitatingly  to 
the  dictates  of  tradition,  would  he  the 
truest  wisdom,  and  it  is  the  wisdom  of 
Mr.  Carne.  His  mind  was  in  a  befit- 
ting frame  for  a  iourney  thrmigh  the 
Holy  Land ;  and  the  scenes  which  met 
his  eye  had  their  due  influence  on  hit 
heart. 

The  following  passage*  in  which  the 
inferior  interest  is  absorbed  by  tlic 
greater,  is  beautifully  expreaaed. 

•«Tha  iBiiiiHSi  ol  himg  b  m 


rwiy  great,  whoa  tha  tiavallait'  stops  wander 
to  tho  places  of  the  apostles'  dcvotodaeai^ 
or  to  those  of  their  divine  roaster  j  and  on 
this  occatioa,  at  on  every  lubsequent  ooet 
both  memory  and  imagiuation  raised  a  harrier 
too  mighty  to  1>6  drawn  aside.  It  is  vein 
to  say,  *  Here  Paul  triumphed,  and  made 
the  Prince  and  the  warrior  tremble; — ^heri 
Peter  diffused  health  and  blessiog,  and  the 
chains  of  Cruelty  and  the  gates  of  Death 
wera  alike  broken  asunder  before  them.'-* 
Even  to  such  an  announcement  as  this  wa 
are  comparatively  indifferent,  because  the 
steps  of  a  mightier  are  at  hand,  oo  whose 
image  memory  lingers  with  a  charm  thai 
time  cannot  weaken ;  the  words  of  glory 
and  immortality  come  again  to  our  ears ;  and 
the  thoughts  turn  with  Joy  from  the  valley 
of  Elias,  and  the  ruins  of  the  palace  of 
Agrippa,  to  the  ^nteit  footstep  of  Him  in 
whose  love  is  our  only  safety.  Who  can 
bend  over  the  spot  where  the  blood  of 
Stephen  was  poured  forth,  when  the  garden 
of  Uetlisemane  is  full  in  view  ?  or  can  look 
with  enthusiasm  on  the  scenes  close  at  hand 
of  the  Apostle's  sufferings  and  persecutiooy 
when  Olivet  rises  above,  on  whose  brow 
were  shed  the  tears  of  uootteral»le  sorrow 
for  a  lost  nation,  from  whose  summit  was 
turned  the  last  look  of  the  Redeemer  on  the 
worid  he  had  saved  ?  Even  in  the  lonely 
isle  of  Patmos,  the  Image  of  the  Disciple 
who  was  exiled  there,  is  wholly  lost  In  the 
love  that  so  dbtingulthed  him  ;  and  the 
heart  gives  its  homage  but  fiiiotly  and  eoMly^ 
in  eomparison  to  *  men  of  like  passions  with 
ourselves,'  however  inspired  and  devoted." 

Of  the  "  memorable  valley'*  of  ^a* 
Ion,  Mr.  Carne  thus  writes,  and  we 

Jjuote  the  passage  the  more  readily, 
rom  having  witnessed  with  pain  a  re* 
cent  attempt  to  explain  away  this  great 
miracle  t 

«  The  peeuliae  and  bold  aspect  of  this 
meosorable  valley,  mvst  have  arsntlv  aided 
the  effect  of  a  miracle  for  which  Nature 
made  it  a  fitting  theatre:  the  high  hill  oC 
Gilieon,  towards  the  west,  overlooked  the 
whole  region}  and  the  ruyal  citv,  on  ita 
summit,  just  before  besieged  by  the  conf- 
ederate Kings,  was  the  meed  for  which  both 
armies  fooeht,  the  one  to  save,  the  other  to 
destroy.  It  may  be  inferred  that  the  day 
was  waning  in  the  ruthless  slanghter  of  the 
vaacpiished,  who  ied  along  the  valley,'  to 
tho  opposite  extrsnity  to  vhieh  thafar  Ca»> 
qneror  had  enlersd}  mm!  while  the  dedoshic 
rays  were  thrown  rsdiyon  lihe  khj  hill,  mm 
tbie  royal  eity  thai  crowned  It,  iosbna,  «• 
fix  as  Is  were  a  poiat  am  which  the  sinkkig» 
sun  might  be  said  to  rstt,  as  well  as  to  slio# 
more  vividly  to  his  alHse  a  proof  that  HeaMHi 
fcoght  with  Israel)  wtlered  that  saUUaa 
commaad,  <  Sou  sasad  tboa  still  oa  Oihsoo* 
aad  thoa  Mooa  It  die  valley  of  AJalaal  * 


344 


RsvrBW.-^Savage's  Hundred  of  Carhamptotu 


[April, 


the  latter  beiog  •  proof  that  the  day  wat 
near  to  set." 

It  is  in  this  truly  Catholic  spirit  of 
piety  that  Mr.  Carne  treads  the  land 
hallowed  by  every  association  that  can 
Christianize  excitement,  and  dignify 
enthusiasm  ;  where  such  thoughts  are 
not  elicited  by  local  emotions,  he  de- 
scribes manners,  customs,  and  scenery 
with  much  taste  and  judgment,  and 
good  sense. 

We  strongly  recommend  this  volume 
to  general  perusal ;  it  is  a  delightful 
book,  the  transcript  of  a  mind  in  which 
are  distinctly  traced  a  scholar's  acquire- 
ments, a  gentleman's  feelings,  and  a 
Christian's  benevolence. 

The  Hutory  of  the  Hundred  of  Carhampicn, 
in  the  County  of  Somerset^  Jrom  the  best 
Authorities.  By  James  Savage,  Author 
of  the  History  of  Taunton,  8ro.  pp.  662. 

Mr.  savage  is  a  Topographer 
who  takes  great  pains  in  his  literary 
undertakings,  and  adds  illustrative 
notes,  often  of  considerable  use  in  ex- 
plaining national  customs.  One  of 
these,  which  will  show  how  eminently 
useful  Topography  may  be  rendered  in 
illuminating  the  public  mind  upon 
im|)ortant  subjects,  we  shall  extract. 
The  passages  quoted  tend  to  show  how 
much  we  are  indebted  to  good  roads, 
and  consist  of  matters  utterly  unsus- 
pected by  the  public.  We  shall  only 
premise  that  timber  was  in  many 
places  deemed  of  no  value,  because, 
when  cut  down,  there  were  no  roads 
by  which  it  could  be  removed ;  and 
tnat,  under  such  circumstances,  it  was 
not  unusual  to  bring  iron  ore  to  such 
spots  and  work  it  up,  by  conversion  of 
the  timber  into  charcoal.  Through 
this  custom  it  was  that  anchors  and 
other  iron  instruments  have  been  dis^ 
covered  in  inland  places  (  and  timber 
stolen  from  the  royal  forests,  without 
attracting  the  attention  of  Government. 

The  first  extract  relates  to  the  small " 
value  of  tanners'  bark,  through  defect 
of  roads. 

'*  Tlie  oak  coppice  wood,  of  which  there 
are  roaoy  hundred  acres  iothis  (Culboro)  and 
the  adjoining  parishes,  it  of  considerable  va- 
lue, and  is  generally  sold  when  it  has  atuined 
about  twenty  y^ars  growth,  h  yields  from 
£ve  to  twenty  pounds  an  acre,  according  to 
its  situation  and  quality  ^  hut  alnrnt  forty 
years  ago,  it  was  worth  ver^  litrje  in  this 
parish  i  the  road  above  mentioned  was  then 
ID  so  liad  a  state,  that  a  horse  with  Ion;; 
crooks  could  not  travel  upoo  it.    The  bark 


of  these  oak-trees  was  at  that  time  made  vp 
into  bundles,  and  tied  with  ropea  od  tlie 
backs  of  the  horses  to  be  brought  down.  A 
respectable  tanner  of  the  name  of  Giles,  who 
resided  and  carried  on  his  buainesa  at  that 
time  near  Porlock,  was  in  the  habit  of  send- 
ing a  party  of  ten  or  twelve  men  into  these 
woods  during  the  bark  season,  to  strip  tha 
trees,  for  which  he  paid  the  lord  of  the  ma- 
nor one  shilling  a  man  per  day  for  as  many 
days  as  they  were  employed,  as  a  compensa- 
tion fur  all  the  oak  bark  which  they  and  his 
two  sons,  for  whom  be  did  not  pay  any 
thing,  could  strip  off.** — p.  71* 

This  state  of  the  roads  occasioned 
few  or  no  carts  to  be  kept,  and  car- 
riage of  goods  was  chiefly  made  on 
horseback.     Mr.  Savage,  speaking  of 
Ex  ford,  says, 

**  In  our  experience  it  has  often  happen- 
ed, that  the  occupiers  of  tlie  soil,  who  nave 
violently  opposed  the  farmation  of  new,  or 
the  improvement  of  old,  roads,  lotting  at 
nothing  but  the  expense  to  themselves,  and 
deaf  to  all  that  has  been  said  to  them  about 
future  advantages  to  be  derived  from  such 
Improvementi,  have,  after  they  have  been 
completed  a  few  years,  acknowledged  with 
pleasure,  <  *twas  a  capital  job  done.  Could 
a  former  inhabitant  of  thia  and  many  other 
parishes,  who  died  fifty  or  aixt^  years  since, 
or  even  much  later,  rise  from  the  grave  and 
re-visit  the  scene  of  his  liring,  home,  and 
fium,  one  of  the  first  things  be  would  miss 
would  be  hb  long  atring  of  pack  horses,  that 
used  to  consume  so  much  m  the  produce  of 
his  farm,  now  eaten  by  saleable  stock ;  and 
in  the  place  of  dersels  and  crooks,  he  would 
find  carts  and  pnta  O^O"  Mr.  Court  of 
Court  Farm,  who  does  not  appear  to  be 
more  than  fiffy  years  of  age,  says,  *  he  can 
remember  when  there  was  only  one  eart  in 
this  parish."-*  p.  537. 

Concerning  pnnage  and  woods,  we 
hare  the  following  curious  elucidation : 

"  In  the  nonhero  counties,  it  appears  in 
many  instances,  ftom  the  [Domesday]  Sur- 
«-ey,  that  the  panuage  nx  produce  of  the 
woods  was  holdea  in  cmnmon,  in  a  similar 
manner  with  the  herimge  and  grass  of  the 
pastures  and  meadows.  Where  this  was  the 
case,  the  right  of  pannage,  or  keeping  so 
many  hogs  in  certain  wood*,  was  a  privilege 
of  great  imp«irtance,  and  was  a  right  care- 
fully protected  in  later  days.  In  the  south- 
ern and  western  counties,  it  seems  to  have 
been  the  practice  with  the  graat  lordb  to  let 
at  a  moneyreut,  or  a  rent  in  kind,  the  pro- 
duce of  their  woods,  especially  those  which 
consisted  of  the  l^ech  and  oak,  to  the  por- 
carii  or  swineherds,  those  whose  principal 
occupation  wa«  in  fi>edin^  swine. 

**  Swine  fattened  in  the  woods«  furnished 
so  considerable  a  part^of  the  food  of  fiBtmcr 


laso.]  RtviBW.^llowles't  Life  of  BUhop  Kmu 


345 


•get,  that  a  tctreity  of  mmtt  vat  one  of  the 
causes  of  the  frequent  f&inines  that  then 
hafipened.  The  Saxoo  Chronicle,  after  de- 
scriDinii;  the  extraordinary  ftimioe  and  mor- 
tality of  the  year  1 1 16,  records  particularly 
the  foilure  of  mast  in  that  year. 

**  It  may  be  inferred  from  Domesday 
Boiik,  that  oak  trees  were  then  of  no  fur- 
ther consequence,  than  for  the  food  they 
afforded  to  swine;  fi»r  the  value  of  the 
woods  in  several  counties  is  ascertained  by 
the  number  of  ho^s  they  would  &tten  {  some 
were  of  such  extent,  as  to  supfwrt  two  tliou- 
sand.  The  survey  was  taken  »o  accurately, 
that  in  soom  places  it  is  mentioned  there  is 
wood  Bufieient  for  one  hog, — Silva  de  uno 

pOTCO 

*'  Wlien  the  woods  of  a  manor  are  said 
to  have  furnished  the  lord  with  to  many 
ho|;s  by  way  of  rent,  it  is  to  be  understood 
of  %m\tx9  failed  with  tlie  mast  and  acorns, 
and  implies  in  proportion  to  their  numbers, 
that  tbc»se  woods  abounded  with  beech  and 
oak/'— p.  ««3. 

Now  ii  is  most  certain  ihat,  at  the 
present  day,  old  woods  db  mostly  con- 
sist of  oak  or  beecli,  elms  being  con- 
fined to  hedge- rows. 

We  have  thus  given  a  sjiecimen  of 
the  general  character  of  Kir.  Savage's 
ootea ;  which  is  chiefly  that  of  arch«« 
ological  statistics  or  forrnsics.  The 
rest  consists  of  the  usual  matter  of  to- 
pography. We  must  do  Mr.  Savage 
the  justice  to  sny,  that  his  work  evinces 
seal,  research,  and  judgment.  We 
wish  that  more  attention  had  been 
paid  to  the  Celtic  antiquities;  for, 
from  stone  circles  on  hilU  (p.  539),  '^^ 
ticed  but  cursorily,  we  sec  that  British 
villages  were  in  this  district,  as  else- 
where, seated  on  hills,  and  we  might 
have  obtained  accession  of  information. 

The  Lift  rf  Thomas  Ken^  D.D.  deprived 
Bikkop  qfBatk  and  ffriit ;  viewad  in  eon' 
nection  tcilk  pul-iic  events,  attd  the  tpirii  of 
the  times,  political  and  teli^fioutf  in  which 
he  lived.  Jndading  some  account  of  the 
fortunes  <jf  Aforley  Bishop  of  Hlnehester, 
hii  first  patron,  and  the  friend  rf  Isaak 
JVallon,  the  brother-in-law  (if  Bishop  Ken. 
By  lAe  Aer.  W.  L.  Bowles,  M.^.  MJtS.L. 
Fol.  I.9vo.pp.3l 0.    Murray. 

WE  welcome  with  the  liveliest  satis- 
faction the  appearance  of  this  lonx  pro* 
inised  volume.  The  name  of  Bishop 
Ken  is  dear  from  our  earliest  years,  as 
the  author  of  the  Morning  and  Even- 
iiig  Hymns.  There  are,  however, 
many  oilier  points  in  his  history,  al- 
though they  may  be  less  known,  fiar 
Qknt.  Mao.  ^phlf  Itao. 

8 


which  he  dcservct  the  ettimation  of 
posterity. 

••  When  (obeerves  Mr.  Bowlea)  w  «•- 
sider  hb  character,  hSs  station,  and  hie  kg* 
tunes,  it  is  singular  that  so  little  should  have 
been  recorded  of  Bishop  Ken.  When  we 
turn  our  attention,  more  particularly,  on 
the  great  events  of  the  period,  and  remark 
him,  equally  digni£ed  by  the  death4Md  of 
one  expiring  monarch  (Charles  the  Second, 
at  which  even  Burnet  says  he  spoke  like  one 
inspired),  or  in  imprisonment  on  account  of 
his  uncompromising  opposition  to  the  man- 
dates of  another,  both  of  whom  expressed 
an  equal  uersonal  rej^rd  for  him ; — when 
we  coosider  him  calm  end  consistent  hi 
prosperity  or  in  prison ; — when  we  eee  hia, 
on  account  of  his  Conscientioos  prineiplesy 
voluntarily  reiioquishiog  a  large  revenue  and 
luironial  palace,  reduced  to  find  his  only  aayr 
luro  in  the  mansion  of  the  noble  friend  of 
his  early  days  ; — when  we  louk  on  his  grave, 
not  sroong  the  sculptured  monuments  of  the 
Prelates  of  his  own  cathedral,  but  that  of  a 
poor  man  among  the  poor,  in  the  open 
church-ysrd  of  a  countrv-town,  the  nearest 
consecrated  place  of  Christian  rest  in  his 
former  diocese  (Frome  in  Somerseuhire)  ;— 
whilst  all  these  singuhtr  circumstances  crowd 
on  our  reBeetions,  as  we  thiuk  of  the  life 
and  death  of  Bishop  Ken,  it  seems  still 
more  extraoidinary$hat  there  shoidd  be  only 
one  meagre  recoid  of  a  life  so  truly  Chria- 
tian,  of  fortunes  so  varied,  which,  to  every 
Christian  lieart,  and  to  all  who  reflect  on  the 
changes  and  chances  of  this  mortal  course, 
teach  a  lesson  as  important  as  impressive.** 

It  will  be  readily  conceived  that  no 
Writer  can  be  better  qualified  to  give 
life  to  this  skeleton  of  Bishop  Keu'a 
biography,  than  our  old  favourite  Mr. 
Bowlea.  With  a  truly  poetic  pen,  he  re- 
views the  scenes,  connections,  and  cir* 
eumstances  among  which  Ken*s  early 
career  was  passed.  He  takes  us  to  Win- 
chester school,  and  to  Catherine  Hill : 
and,  in  a  chapter  which  will  be  read 
with  the  moat  pleasurable  interest  by 
all  Wykehanisu,  has  interwoven  bu 
conjectures  of  what  the  college  wat  in 
the  scholarship  of  Ken,  with  del ightfij 
reminiscences  of  what  he  found  it  ia 
the  experience  of  his  own  boyhood, 
and  reflections  on  public  schooU  in  §t- 
neral.  He  introduces  ns  to  the  mtiai- 
cal  club  at  Oxford,  of  which  Anthony 
A  Wood,  who  was  ooe  of  its  membeni, 
has  left  a  lonff  description,  and  at  which 
**  Thomas  acu,  of  New  College,  • 
junior,  would  sometimes  be  aoioiig 
them,  and  stng  hit  pgri.'*  M  r.  BowIm 
then  takes  a  retrospective  view  of  reti- 
giotit  partief  in  the  seventeenth  cento- 


346 


Review. — Bowles*s  Life  of  Bishop  Ken. 


[April, 


ry,  from  the  opening  of  the  Long  Par- 
liamenlto  the  death  of  Cromwell ;  and 
having  occasion  to  mention  the  pro- 
scription of  the  Book  of  Common 
Prayer,  introduces  an  account  of  Isaak 
Walton's  prayer-book,  still  in  the  pos- 
session of  his  descendant  Dr.  Hawes  of 
Salisbury,  and  rendered  invaluable  by 
the  MS.  family  memoranda  in  the 
handwriting  of  the  far-celebrated  an- 
gler. Among  these  is  the  first  draft  of 
honest  Isaak's  affectionate  epitaph  to 
his  wife  in  Winchester  cathedral,  of 
which  Mr.  Bowles  presents  us  with  a 
lithographic  fac-simile.  We  are  next 
led  to  witness  the  triumph  of  the  church 
party,  and  their  citadel,  Oxford,  on  the 
Restoration,  with  which,  and  a  review 
of  the  life  of  Bishop  Morley,  Ken's 
first  patron,  the  present  volume  con- 
cludes. 

From  the  pen  of  Mr.  Bowles,  we  are 
sure  of  having  two  of  the  neatest  and 
least  tedious  volumes  of  biography  ever 
written  ;  and,  although  in  this  first 
volume  we  are  brought  no  further  in 
the  history  of  Ken  than  his  twenty- 
third  year,  in  fact  his  entrance  into 
life,  it  is  to  be  recollected  that  the  ob- 
ject of  our  author  is  to  connect  that 
life  with  the  times  in  which  it  was 
past,  and  during  which  the  suppres- 
sion and  restoration  of  monarchy,  and 
the  attendant  ejection  and  restoration 
of  the  Church  of  England  clergy,  arc 
among  the  most  prominent  events. 

Reserving  the  topic  of  Bishop  Keti's 
own  history  to  a  f^uture  occasion,  we 
shall  for  our  present  extracts  select 
some  of  Mr.  Bowles's  incidental,  but 
not  less  important,  remarks. 

To  the  numerous  admirers  of  Isaak 
Walton,  this  work,  as  the  life  of  his 
friend  and  brother-in-law,  offers,  on 
those  grounds  only,  considerable  attrac- 
tions. It  also  contains  much  to  gratify 
them  relative  to  honest  Isaak  himself. 
Illustrated  by  a  beautiful  lithographic 
drawing  by  Mr.  Lane,  A.R.A.  from  a 
design  by  Mr.  Calcoit,  11. A.   of  the 

farting  interview  between  Morley,  and 
saak  Walton  and  his  wife  Kenna,  at 
Walton's  cottage  in  Staffordshire,  we 
have  an  imaginary  conversation-piece, 
in  which  we  are  made  witnesses  of  the 
affecting  farewell,  in  a  style  so  faith- 
fully imitati%'e  of  that  employed  in  the 
**  Contemplative  Man's  Recreation,'' 
that  wc  much  regret  our  space  forbids 
ns  to  extract  it. 

In  the  Introduction  is  a  no  lew  suc- 
cessful imitation  of  the  very  different 


style  of  Swift's  Tale  of  aTub ;  in  which 
some  circumstances  in  the  present  no- 
sltion  of  the  episcopal  church  in  this 
kingdom  are  thus  good-humouredly« 
exhibited : 

'*  If  I  might  Introduce  for  b  moment  the 
well-known  characters  in  a  popular  tale. 
Lord  Peter,  Jack,  and  Martin,*  I  might 
say  that  the  fate  of  Martin  has  been  rather 
hard.  Many  of  his  family  were  burrU  by 
Lord  Peter,  for  reading  a  wicked  book  called 
'  the  Bible  ;'  and,  when  Jack  got  the  better 
for  a  little  while,  he  tumeil  the  children  of 
honest  Martin  npoa  the  parish,  because  he 
said  they  were  fond  of  Lord  Peter's  fine 
cloaths,  who  burnt  them  alive!  It  is 
true  Martin  tried  to  make  Jack  tuHilliow  the 
Prayer-book ;  and  Jack,  in  return,  crammed 
the  Covenant  down  Martin's  throat !  When 
Martin  got  the  better,  he  told  Jack  that  he 
must  give  up  the  placet  he  held  so  long  from 
the  right  owners,  unless  he  would  say  the 
'  Lord's  Prayer,*  put  on  a  turolice,  and 
read  oat  of  the  Prayer-book,  wnich  Jack 
never  would  do,  and  has  remained  somewhat 
testy  ever  since. 

*'  If  Martin  humbly  hopes  I^ord  Peter 
will  not  bum  any  more  of  bis  children,  he 
(Peter)  declares,  'Burn  them!  whv,  you 
varlet,  you  meant  to  bum  us !'  and  then  he 
swears  a  great  oath,  that  nothing  can  be 
easier  to  prove  I  A  newspaper  is  round,  by 
which  it  appears  that  Ridley  and  Latimer, 
who  perished  in  the  flames,  were  only  served 
as  they  ought  to  have  (wen,  fnr  they  <  in' 
tended  to  do  the  same  by  othera !  *f 

**  Every  body  knows  that,  in  the  quarrels 
between  the  three  brothers,  Martin  at  last 
got  tlie  upper  hand*  With  the  assistance 
of  Jack,  he  put  Lord  Peter  in  the  stocks; 
and  then  Martin  said  to  Jack,  *  My  good 
brother,  you  are  a  sober,  industrious  work- 
ma9,  as  any  In  the  town,  and,  if  you  will 
only  go  to  church:^  once  in  a  way,  you  shall 
come  into  the  Corporation*  Jack  said  he 
would  never  go  to  church,  for  he  hated  or- 
gans, surplices,  and  kneeling !  so  Peter  re- 

*  «  Churches  of  Rome,  Geneva,  Eng- 
land." 

f  *'  Dr.  Llogard.  Cranmer  did  not  know 
that  it  was  intended  to  burn  him,  till,  lieing 
on  a  raised  seat  at  St.  Mary's  church  'la 
Oxford,  in  front  of  Dr.  Cole,  who  preached 
his  funeral  sermon,  he  heaid  the  appalling 
intimation,  and  burst  into  tears.  Dr.  G>le, 
to  comfort  the  miserable  victim,  in  his  ser- 
mon proceeded  thus :  *  But,  least  he  should 
carry  with  him  no  comfort,  be  would  dili" 
gently  labour,  and  also  he  did  promise,  in  the 
name  of  all  the  priests  tJiat  were  present, 
immediately  ajler  his  death,  there  should  he 
(Urges  and  masses  in  all  the  churches  of  Ox- 
ft)rfl,  for  the  succour  of  bis  soul !' — Life  of 
Cranmer,  1556." 

;  Test  Act. 


isaa] 


Rivift w.— BowIes*6  Life  of  Bishop  Ken, 


347 


»aio«d  ia  Um  Uockt,  and  Jack  Mver  got 
into  tlie  corporatioo,  and  both  of  thtm  de- 
clared thai  Martio  had  uted  them  very  ill ; 
but  Martio  aaid  to  Peter,  <  Why,  you  know 
how  yoo  kicked  and  cuffed  when  you  were  at 
libertY.*  Peter  replied,  *  Kicked  aod  cuffed! 
I  don  t  know  what  you  mcao !  I  did  aotbiog 
but  for  the  good  of  your  soul !  *  *  Now, 
taid  Martio  to  Jack,  *  1  should  not  to  much 
<4*|ect  to  your  coming  into  the  corporation^ 
but  I  am  sure,  when  you  were  once  got  io» 
I  should  never  be  Loro-Mayob  any  more, 
and  you  would  torn  out  me,  and  my  wife 
and  children,  to  beg  our  bread,  at  yon  did 
before.'  Then  Jack  said,  <  Brother,  you 
may  do  what  yon  like,  fur  I  will  come  into 
the  eorporatum  in  tpite  of  you ! ' 

**  It  happened  taat  a  great  Serjeant  of 
Dragoon**  came  into  our  town*  and  teeing 
Peter  in  the  stocks,  said,  *  I  will  take  you 
out  I  but  remember,  Peter,  if  I  do,  you  must 
not  take  upon  yourself  the  name  of  Lordf 
Peter  any  more.'  Upon  which  Lord  Peter 
was  let  out  of  the  slocks;  and  immediately 
afier  he  cried,  <  I  am  a  Lord,  and  a  Lord  1 
will  be  called  !*  And  one  of  Martin's  old 
parsons  got  up,  and  said,  <  How  do  you  do, 
my  Lord  ?  I  hope  your  Lordship  lias  ta- 
ken  no  cold,  in  sitting  so  long  without  re- 
freshn»ent.*'t 

**  So  Peter  got  out  of  the  stocks,  and 
Jack  into  the  Corporation,  by  the  help  of 
the  Serjeant  and  his  Drummer  ;$  and  thera^ 
fur  the  present,  we  will  leave  them. 

'*  But  we  must  make  this  remark,  that,  if 
Peter  had  not  pot  a  great  many  things  into 
his  Father's  Will  (Bible)  which  were  not 
there,  and  acted  so  cruelly  with  the  £(imily 
of  Martin,  because  they  would  not  add  or 
diminish  from  thb  Will,  be  would  never 
have  been  put  in  the  stoeks  at  all,  but  would 
have  remamed  in  possession  of  his  inheri- 
tance, as  elder  brother.  And  we  may  say  of 
Jack,  whom  we  should  rather  eall  now  Mr, 
John^  that  he  would  not  have  been  pre- 
vented coming  into  the  Corporation  at  any 
time,  if  he  had  not  tumeil  out  hia  brother 
Martin's  children  to  starve. 

**  Now,  every  one  must  hope  and  pray, 
that,  if  these  hrothen  cannot  entirely  agree, 
they  will  forget  and  forgive,  and  live  in 
peace  and  charity;  but  up  rides  Esquire 
Kino,  with  a  great  book  undrr  his  arm, 
about  a  relation,  who,  he  says,  b  one  of 
'  OB,'  and  this  Squire  tells  the  hrotliers  that 
neither  Peter  in  Immtng,  nor  Jack  in  kick- 
ing his  brother's  children  out  of  their 
houses,  is  half  so  intolerant  and  oppressive 
as  Martiu  ;  tliereupon  taking  out  his  great 
book,  he  produces  *  a  pnua-f'  written  by  a 
relation  of  Martin's  a  hundred  and  fifty 
years  ago  I  '* 

*  «<  A  certain  Dnke." 
t  <«  One  of  Mr.  Peel's  conditioos." 
:  •*  Bishop  of  Norwich's  late  Lettw." 
§  ••  Mr.  P." 


To  this  Mr.  Bowles  adds  io  a  itoic : 

**  But  not  only  is  this  uofonottBt«  prayer, 
according  to  my  Lord  King,  worthy  a  Turk- 
ish mnfli ;  a  literary  correspondent  of  mine 
has  absolutely  proposfd  the  example  of  the' 
pioui  and  tolerant  Mahometan  to  the  imita- 
tion of  the  Druidical  and  bloody  Christian 
priesthood!  Godfiey  Higgins,  the  histo* 
rian  of  the  Druids,  who,  from  his  benevo- 
lent exertions  in  the  cause  of  the  Lonatio 
Asylum  at  Yorki  I  imagine,  is  still 

*  A  sad,  good  Christian  at  the  heart !  * 

has  put  forth  a  work,  called  <  Mahomet** 
showins  the  injustice  that  ;;reat  propliet  luu 
received  from  Christian  Giaours,  and  the 
author  sets  before  them  a  circumstance  ad- 
mirably adapted  to  teach  them  humanity 
and  toleration.  The  circumstance  is  this : 
A  traveller  from  England  was  going  to  kill  a 
viper.  *  Hold!'  says  the  venerable  mufti» 
*  what  are  you  about  ?  The  same  God  that 
made  the  viper  made  yoii.  Surely  the  de- 
sert is  wide  enough  for  both.'  All  will 
agree  this  is  a  very  pretty,  and,  what  is 
more,  a  very  instructive  story ;  and  it  were 
only  to  be  wished  that  the  children  of  the 
tottrant  and  humane  Mohammed  had  thought 
of  it  when,  in  cold  blood,  they  put  to  dciath 
every  man,  woman,  and  child,  of  the  unfor- 
tunate ScioteS)  and  left  a  whole  populous 
and  beautiful  island  a  desert  to  tlie  viper  I 
Such  are  the  lessons  of  toleration  and  bro- 
therly love  we  are  to  learn !  Such  reasoners 
are  those  who  accuse  the  Clergy  of  bi- 
gotry!" 

We  must  here  for  the  present,  con- 
clude, merely  remarking,  that,  besides 
the  embellishments  before  noticed,  the 
volume  contains  two  portraits  of  Bi- 
shop Ken  and  Bishop  Morley,  engraved 
by  Meyer. 

Speeches  qfUu  Rt,  Hen,  Charlbs  Abbot 
CLord  CoUhitUrJ,  commumeating  Thanks  qf 
the  House  tf  Commons  to  Military  Com* 
manders,  1807 — 1816;  with  a  Biographical 
Memoir  and  Appendix,  Small  8vo.  pp.  996. 
This  elegant  little  volume  is  printed  for  pri' 
vote  circulation  only.  The  first  article  is 
the  interesting  memoir  of  Lord  Colchester, 
which  was  printed  in  our  Masazine  for  May 
1 899,  pp.  4f>3— 4f»6 ;  and  which  was  written 
by  a  highly-gified  gentleman  long  attached  to 
his  I^rdsh ip.  The  body  of  tbe  work  eoasiets 
of  twentv-two  "  Thanks  to  Military  Com** 
manders, '  with  their  Answers.  These 
speeches  of  Lord  Colchester  have  been  con- 
sidered **  models  of  just  eulogy,  appropriate 
to  the  person  and  to  the  ex|4f)it9  with  a  de- 
gree of  classic  terseness  and  chastity  of  or- 
nament suitable  to  tbe  dignity  of  that  House 
which  had  directed  the  national  Thanks  to 
be  thtts  communicated."  We  therefore 
rejoice  exceedingly  tti  see  them  in  •  col^ 


34S 


Miscdlaneous  Reviews, — Fine  Arts. 


tAprii; 


lected  form.  The  **  Appendix "  contains, 
in  "  ExtracU  from  the  London  Gazettes  Ex- 
traordinary," the  official  accounts  of  the 
several  victories  which  occasioned  the 
thanks  of  the  House  of  Commons. 


The  Rev.  Edward  P.  Hannam's  Hospital 
Manual  of  Prayers  for  Sick  Soldiers  is  well 
adapted  t()  the  purpose,  and  for  this  obvious 
reason,  that  an  invalid  can  do  nothing  else 
but  take  physic  and  pray,  and  that  he  who 
does  not  do  the  latter  when  he  is  well,  is 
a  fool,  and,  when  sick,  an  absolute  idiot; 
for  what  can  a  man  do  in  any  situation  with- 
out Providence,  and  when  dues  he  most 
need  it  ? 


The  Rev.  Alexander  Stewart's  Corn- 
pcndium  ofMoflerv.  Geography  abounds  with 
useful  information,  and  is  ingeniously  ar- 
ranged. 

Mr.  Blunt*s  Feracity  of  the  Five  Books 
of  Moses y  deserves  the  attention  of  students 
in  theology. 

We  recommend  Dr.  Heuekden*s  Rffiec- 
lions  071  the  Gospel  of  St.  John  to  the  general 
readers  of  religious  books.  We  remind  Dr. 
H.  of  Alison's  l>eautiful  sermon  on  the  man 
born  blind,  in  reference  to  the  case  stated 
eh.  ix.  p.  84.  But  Dr.  H.  did  not  intend 
his  book  for  a  commentary.  Nevertheless 
that  first  of  all  the  gospels  eminently  requires 
such  an  aid,  to  appreciate  its  real  divinity 
and  beauty. 

We  should  have  paid  more  attention  to 
Mr.  Roberts's  Parallel  Miracles,  or  the  Jews 
and  Gipsies,  if  it  had  not  abounded  with 
that  baneful  pseudo-reIigion>  which  we  deem 
it  a  most  important  public  duty  to  oppose. 
Mr.  Roberts  thinks  that  the  gipsies,  because 
they  do  not  sing'  and  wfristle  (as  do  birds 
and  bees)  and  indulge  in  the  follies  of 
mechanics,  are  better  men  than  the  latter. 
Philosophers,  however,  know,  that  vaga- 
bonds, even  of  unquestionable  innocence, 
are    only  frizes   cojisumere  nati^   lend  no 


service  to  their  fellow-creatures,  dlssolv* 
the  6rst  ties  of  society,  and  impede  civiliza- 
tion ;  whereas  soldiers,  sailors,  and  mecha- 
nics, though  they  may  be  the  reverse  of  pu- 
ritans, are  and  must  be  useful.  A  gipey, 
in  a  civil  view,  is  only  a  fox  or  a  polecat. 
He  lives  upon  the  food  of  others.  Setting 
aside,  however,  nnphilosophieal  nonsense, 
Mr.  Roberts's  work  is  a  curious  one ;  and 
we  would  praise  the  literary  part,  if  it  were 
not  for  the  absurd  principle;i  which  it  ad- 
vocates. 

We  wish  every  success  to  the  Pkm  of 
Education  proposed  for  the  Bristol  College. 

We  are  glad  to  find,  fr<)m  the  Revietv  of 
Captain  Basil  HalCs  Travels  in  Norfh  Arhe-, 
ricOf  by  an  American,  that  the  English  of 
the  New  World  do  not  entertain  that  anti- 
pathy to  their  relatives  in  the  parent  Isles 
which  is  commonly  supposed. 

We  warmly  recommend  Mr.  Reynolds*! 
Scholars*  Introduction  to  Merchants*  Ac- 
counts,  to  commercial  persons  and  schoeJ- 
masters.  It  exhibits  important  iroprove- 
raents.  

Mr.  O'Donnell's  Address  to  both  House* 
of  Parliament  on  the  fVest  India  QuetHm^ 
turns  upon  this  point,  viz.  that  the  West 
India  Islands  cannot  be  cultivated  without 
the  aid  of  slaves,  until  by  emigration,  and 
improved  civilization,  free  labour  would  be 
sufficient.  It  is  shown  in  the  Letter  from 
Sydney,  that  wherever  territory  far  exceeda 
population,  there  exists  no  other  meana  of 
bringing  the  former,  unless  there  be  con- 
victs or  free  labourers,  into  full  cultivation. 
To  abolish  slavery,  and  yet  have  the  utmost 
proceeds  from  the  soil,  is  the  difficulty  to 
be  surmounte<l ;  and  it  is  no  small  one,  since 
the  author  informs  us,  that  in  our  Weit  In- 
dia possessions  are  now  800,000  slaves,  and* 
a  capital  in  the  land  and  buildingrg  of  a  hun- 
dred and  fifty  millions,  (p.  84.)  He  shows 
us  in  p.  25,  that  the  negroes  have  fewer 
hours  of  work,  and  more  comforts^  than 
English  labourers  or  Irish  paupers. 


FINE    ARTS. 


Mr.  Haydon's  Eucles. 
April  4.  The  subscribers  to  Mr.  Haydon's 
Picture  of  Eucles  (noticed  in  p.  350)  met  in 
bis  rooms.  Western  Exchange,  to  decide 
possession,  every  subscril>er  having  three 
chances  for  each  share.  At  the  conclusion 
there  were  three  throws  of  28  each ;  viz. 
the  Duke  of  Bedford's,  Mr.  Strutt's,  and  Mr. 
N.  Smith's.  They  were  thrown  for  again ; 
when 

The  Duke  of  Bedford  had..  ..35 

Mr.  Strutt 17 

Mr.  N.  Smith,  of  Dulwich 38 

The  picture  was  consequently  won  by  Mr. 
Smith.      The    Duke  of  Bedford  had   five 


shares,  Mr.  Strutt  twelve  shares,  and  Mr.. 
Smith  one  share. — ^The  whole  passed  oflF  in 
the  most  agreeable  manner,  in  the  presence 
of  the  trustees,  J.  I.  Burn,  esq.,  and  J.  G. 
Lockharty  esq.,  son-in-law  of  Sir  Walter 
Scott. 

We  understand  that  Mr.  Haydon  means 
immediately  to  raffle  his  picture  of  Punch,  in 
50  shares  of  ten  guineas  each. 


The  Field  of  the  Cloth  of  Gold.—A  nftgni- 
ficent  window  painted  in  enamel,  by  Mr.  T. 
WiLMSHURST,  has  been  recently  opened  for 
exhibition.  The  design  is  the  Toumainent 
of  the  Field  of  Cloth  of  GoM,  from  an  orl- 


1830] 


MiscflUmetms  fleviews. 


349 


giDftl  sketch  by  Mr.  R.  T.  Boot.  Th«  tiie 
of  the  window  U  34  fret  by  1 8 ;  and  U  con- 
taios  more  than  100  figures*  including  48 
portraits  as  large  as  life,  among  whom  are 
Henry  VIII.  and  Anne  Boleyn ;  Francis  I. 
and  Catherine  of  Arragon,  his  queen ;  Card. 
Wolkcy,  Dukes  of  Suffolk,  Buckingham,  &c. 
The  colouring  is  wonderfully  brilliant,  and 
the  |)ainting  is  worthy  of  the  scene  which  it 
exhibits. 

Lieut  -Col.  Batty  has  selected  Gibralur, 
as  the  subject  uf  his  second  number  of  St' 
Itxt  Hews  of  the  principal  Cities  in  Europe  \ 
a  spot  endeared  to  the  recollections  of  Eng- 
lishmen, at  connected  with  the  national 
glory.  In  1704  this  important  fortress  sur- 
rendered to  the  combined  English  and  Uuich 
fleets,  under  Sir  George  R'>oke,  snd  has  ever 
since  remained  in  our  possession,  in  spite  of 
the  united  efforts  of  France  and  Spain; 
whose  memorable  and  unsuccessful  s'lege 
daring  the  American  war  will  piol>ab1y  long 
remain  without  a  parallel.  Hie  vignette  ti< 
tie  is  a  view  of  Gibraltar  from  the  iVIediter- 
ranean  shore. — Plate  II.  from  the  Bay  side. 
Plate  III.  from  the  Anchorage  in  front  of 
the  Mnle.  Plate  IV.  from  above  Camp  Bay. 
Plate  V.  from  Europe  Point.  Plate  Vl.  from 
Caulan  Bay.  Platvs  III.  and  IV.  being 
nearer  views,  are  particularly  distinct  and 
Interesting  ;  and  we  hesitate  not  to  sav  that 
by  studying  these  six  views,  with  their  kev 
plates,  the  possessor  of  this  beautiful  work 
will  form  a  more  accurate  idea  of  this  won- 
derful and  far-fsmed  mountain,  than  he  would 
during  a  month*s  residence  in  the  city  at 
iu  foot. 

Mr.  Lands  ten  has  published  the  third 
number  of  his  Characteristic  Sketches  of 
JnimaLi,  The  first  subject  is  the  Rhinoce- 
ros, from  a  fine  specimen  at  Paris,  5  feet 
high,  and  10  feet  long.  The  vignette  repre- 
sents a  rhinoceros  goading  a  tiger  with  his 
horn,  in  which  way,  though  naturally  inof- 
fensive, he  will,  when  molested,  successfully 
attack  his  enemies.  Plate  II.  is  the  Brah- 
miny  or  Sacred  Bull  of  the  Hindoos,  now  do- 
mieiled  in  our  own  Zoological  Gardens,  an  es- 
tablishment which  confers  honour  on  our 
national  charscter.  In  the  description  of  this 
interesting  animal,  it  is  well  observed,  '*  To 
the  clatsica)  antiquary  and  artist,  the  dewlap 
of  the  Brahminy  Bull  offers  an  object  of 
much  attention  and  interest,  by  reason  of  its 
sharp  and  deri'ted  outline,  and  |»erpendicular 
creases  and  folds :  wonderfully  verifying  the 
correctness  of  thr>se  Greek  scul|)tures  ia 
bronte  and  marlilt,  in  meitals  and  statuary, 
in  which  are  seen  representations  of  Victory 
sacrificing  a  bull,  of  the  oxen  of  Ceres,  Sec 
These  representations  will  lie  no  longer  con- 
sidered by  those  who  have  opportunity  to 
examine  the  Sacred  Bull  of  India,  out  of 
drawing,  or  exaggerated  in  their  fort  quar- 
ters :  although  critka  of  the  last  century, 
less  fortuoata  in  this  respect  than  the  visiton 


of  the  Society's  Gaideoi>  hart  detereiiDed 
them,  without  hesitation,  to  be  altogether 
incorrect.*'  Plate  III.  is  a  representation  of 
the  Cheetah,  or  HunUng  Leopard,  also  from 
the  Zoological  Gardens,  in  which  are  thre« 
good  s|>eciroens.  The  vignette  excelleatlj 
represenu  a  Ume  cheetali,  just  released  by 
his  keeper,  and  crouching,  and  preparing  to 
sprinc  on  a  deer.— In  Plate  IV.  the  engraver 
of  <*  Klonkeyana*'  is  quite  at  home.  It  gives 
an  excellent  representation  of  the  Mandril 
Baboon,  from  the  specimen  in  Cross's  Me- 
nagerie, King's  Mews.  The  vignette  repre- 
senta  the  Iwboon  smoking  a  pipe,  which  he 
hat  been  taught  to  take  from  his  keeper;  ha 
insert*  it  in  his  mouth,  inhales  and  exhales 
the  smoke,  and  looks  around  him  with  a  de- 
gree of  self-complacency  that  is  irresistibly 
comic  and  amusing.  This  work  is  deserv- 
ing of  every  encouragement. 

We  are  happy  to  announce  the  publicatioa 
of  the  fourth  numl>cr  of  Coney's  Foreign 
Cathedrals,  Hotels  de  FilU,  ifc,  Tlie  fint 
two  subjecta  are  an  excellent  south-west  ex- 
ternal view  of  the  Abbey  of  St.  Bertiii  at  St. 
Omers,  and  an  interior  view  of  the  same  ve- 
nerable building,  now  in  ruins.  This  latter 
is  a  most  charming  print ;  and  the  zealooa 
devotees  surrounding  a  preaching  firiar  an 
admirably  grouped.  Plate  III.  is  the  Chureh 
of  St.  Aogustin,  at  Antwerp ;  and  th^ 
groups  in  the  Fish-ntarket  are  uncomnonlj 
well  managed.  Indeed,  the  numerous  and 
correct  ficures  add  very  considerably  to  the 
interest  o?  these  admirable  etchings. — Platft 
IV.  is  the  Cliurch  of  St.  Wilfred  at  Ab- 
beville. In  this  print  we  own  ourselvea 
(risapi>ointed.  The  subject  is  so  remarkably 
fine,  that  the  view  should  have  beta  drawn 
closer,  and  more  directly  looking  west.  If 
this  beautiful  church  had  received  equal  jus- 
tice with  St.  Benin's  Abbey  at  St.  OoMr't, 
in  this  very  number,  how  much  better  an 
idea  would  a  stranger  to  ita  beauties  have 
entartained  of  tlie  original.  The  View  of 
Abbeville  Cathedral,  by  Capt.  Battye,  wcU 
eiugraved  by  £.  Blore,  has  the  same  fiiolt. 
Wt  should  like  to  see  one  showing  more 
of  the  Cathedral,  and  lesa  of  the  bouses  in 
the  street. 

Pajmrama  of  the  il/m'nr.— .\roongst  hii 
many  other  publications  for  the  amosemest 
of  tourista,  Mr.  LiiGii  baa  published  a  Paoo^ 
rama  of  the  Maine,  and  the  adjaceat  coun- 
try ;  describing  the  windings  of  the  Maiott 
from  ita  outlet  into  the  Rliine,  to  Frankfurt. 
It  is  drawn  from  nature  by  F.  W.  Delkee- 
camp,  and  neatly  engraved  by  J.  Clark.— 7 
Views  of  Fraukfort,  Hoeehst,ud  Hockheim*, 
are  also  given.  It  forms  a  most  deairablp 
**  companion  "in  this  delightful  escimioo ; 
giving  the  situation,  and  snort  aeeoints  of 
all  the  phees  cm  the  banks  of  the  riw,  ba- 
tween  Mayence  and  Frankfort,  which  lat^ 
plaoe  is  minutaly  described,  and  is  well 
worthy  the  attention  of  travellers. 


[    350     ] 


Aprils 


LITERARY  AND  SCIENTIFIC  INTELLIGENCE. 


Ready  for  Pullieation. 

Memoir*  of  the  lite  Rt.  Rev.  Dr.  James, 
Bishop  of  Calcutta,  gathered  from  his  Let- 
ters and  Memoranda.  By  £dw.  James, 
Preb.  of  Winchester. 

God's  Mercy  to  his  Churcli,  pourtrayed 
in  some  important  particulars,  illustrated 
in  T**cnty  Sermons.  By  the  Rev.  F.  G. 
Grossman,  Minister  of  Carlisle  Episcopal 
Chapel,  Lambeth. 

Academic  Unity ;  being  the  substance  of 
a  general  Dissertation,  contained  in  the 
•*  Privileges  of  the  University  of  Cambridge,** 
translated  from  the  Latin,  with  additions, 
and  a  Preface,  giving  some  account  of  the 
Dissenting  Colleges  in  the  United  Kingdom, 
and  the  London  University.  By  Mr.  Geo. 
Dyer. 

The  Satires  of  Horace,  interlinearly  trans- 
lated by  Dr.  P.  A.  Nuttall. 

Chemical  and  Medical  Tables.  By  John 
Hogg,  House  Surgeon  and  Apothecary  to 
the  Dispensary  of  the  University  of  London. 

The  Elements  of  Arithmetic.  By  Au- 
gustus De  Morgan,  Professor  of  Mathe- 
matics in  the  University  of  London. 

Vindication  of  Dr.  Paley*8  Theory  of 
Morals.  By  the  Rev.  L.  Wainewrioht, 
F.S.A. 

An  Abridgment  into  English  of  Bos  on 
the  Greek  Ellipses.  By  the  Reverend  J. 
Seager. 

Select  Orations  of  Demosthenes,  with 
English  Notes.    By  £.  H.  Barker,  Esq. 

No.  5,  of  Valpy*s  Family  Classical  Li- 
brary, containing  vol.  i.  of  Beloe's  Trans- 
lation of  Herodotus. 


Preparing  for  Puliieaticn, 

The  Fourth  and  concluding  volume  of 
Mr.  SuRTEEs's  History  of  Durham. 

The  Wycliffite  Versions  of  the  Old  Tes- 
tament, now  for  the  first  time  published 
from  the  existing  MSS.  wiih  a  critical  His- 
tory of  those  Versions,  and  a  Glossary.  By 
the  Rev.  J.  Forshall,  F.R.S.  &  S.A.  and 
Frid.  Madden,  Esq.  F.S.A. 

In  monthly  volumes,  a  Series  of  the  most 
esteemed  Divines  of  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land, with  Lives  of  each  Author.  By  Rev. 
T.  S.  Hughes,  B.U.  Tlie  works  of  Bishops 
Sherlock  and  Barrow  will  first  appear. 

A  Discourse  on  the  authenticity  and  di- 
vine origin  of  the  Old  Testament,  with 
Notes  and  Illustrations,  translated  from  the 
French  of  J.  E.  Cell^rier.  By  the  Rev. 
John  Reynell  Wreforo. 

A  Volume  of  Sermons.  By  the  Rev.  Pro- 
fessor Lee. 

Vol.  I.  of  the  National  Portrait  Gallery 
of  Illustrious  and  Eminent  Personages  of 
the  Nineteenth  Century  :  with  Memoirs,  by 

W.  j£RDAN,  Biq.  F.S.A. 


A  New  Edition  of  Dr.  Ure*8  Dictionary 
of  Chemistry. 

A  Second  Volume  of  the  British  Natu- 
ralist. 

A  New  Edition  of  the  Story  of  Popular 
Travels  in  South  America. 

M.  Ferrari,  one  of  the  oldest  musical 
professors  in  London,  and  preceptor  of  Ma- 
rie Antoinette  and  Madame  Catalani,  is  pre- 
paring Memoirs  of  his  Life,  and  Anecdotes 
of  his  Musical  Contemporaries. 

Royal  Society. 

April  2.  A  paper  was  read  containing  a 
statement  of  the  principal  circumstances 
relating  to  the  united  Siamese  twins,  now 
exhibiting  in  London,  by  George  Buckley 
Bolton,  Esq.,  their  medical  attendant.  The 
interest  excited  by  this  paper  was  much 
increased  by  the  youths  being  present. 
They  seemed  highly  delighted  with  the 
novelty  of  the  scene,  "niey  viewed  the 
library  with  attention,  and  appeared  to  take 
great  interest  in  all  that  was  shown  to  them. 
A  model  in  wax  of  the  band  which  connects 
the  bodies  of  the  twins  was  exhibited.  A 
letter  from  the  Rev.  James  Farquharson  to 
Captain  Sabine,  giving  an  account  of  some 
further  observations  on  the  Aurora  Borealis, 
was  also  read.  Meml)ers  elected — Rev.  R. 
Sheepshanks  ;  Dr.  B.  J.  Bums,  Professor 
of  Surgery  in  the  University  of  Glasgow ; 
C.  B.  Wall,  Esq.  M.P.  j  and  W.  Cubitt,  Esq. 

April  82.  A  paper  was  read  '<0n  the 
Quantities  of  Water  afforded  by  Springs  at 
Different  Times  of  the  Year.'^  By  J.  W. 
Henwood,  F.  G.  S. ;  and  part  of  a  paper 
*<  On  the  Action  and  Laws  of  Elliptic  Pola- 
rization, as  exhibited  in  the  Action  of  Me- 
tala  upon  Light,  by  David  Brewstei^  LLD., 
F.R.$.L.  and  £. ,  was  also  read.  The  fol- 
lowing gentlemen  were  elected  members — 
the  Rev.  Robert  Willis  and  CapUin  John 
Grosvenor. 

Medico-Botanical  Society. 

March  25.  Earl  Stanhope,  President,  in 
the  Chair. 

Notice  was  given  that  the  proposition 
made  at  the  last  meeting,  relative  to  the 
defining  the  duties  of  the  respective  profes- 
sors would  be  withdrawn  ;  it  being  under- 
stood that  a  measure  of  a  similar  nature  iras 
about  to  emanate  from  the  Council.  Thoa. 
Everett,  esq.,  who  had  been  elected  into 
the  society  some  time  since,  was  admitted. 
Dr.  Clendenning,  and  Charles  Stewart,  esq. 
were  elected  Fellotvs.  Dr.  Wbiting,  the 
Professor  of  Materia  Medica,  delivered  his 
introductory  lecture  upon  that  science; 
which  was  ordered  to  be  printed.  Upon  tlie 
table  were  a  large  collection  of  hardv  medi- 
cal and  other  planU,  flowering  at  toia  sea-: 
800  of  the  year,  with  their  scientific  end 


1890.] 


LUerary  and  Sdenlific  Intelligence, 


351 


English  MtiBM  mttaehtd  to  them.  They 
were  pre«eiited  by  ThomM  Gibb«i  ^q.  of 
Bromptoo. 

jlpril  13.  Theodore  Gordon,  M.D.  V.P. 
in  the  Chair. 

Dr.  Cleadinnin^  haviog  been  admitted  a 
Fellow  of  tlie  society,  and  the  oaual  other 
butinets  transacted ,  the  chairman  stated 
that  he  was  about  to  institute  a  ballot  fot 
the  election  of  the  Professors  of  Botany  and 
Toxic(»logy.  There  being  but  one  candidate 
for  the  Professorship  of  Botany,  Joseph 
Houlton,  esq.  F.L.S.  was  elected  to  fill  that 
office.  For  that  of  Torieohigy,  two  candi- 
dates offered  themselves ;  Dr,  Ryan,  editor 
of  the  London  Medical  and  Surgical  Jour- 
nal, and  Dr.  Clendinning.  The  former  gen- 
tleman was  proposed  by  Dr.  Sigmond,  (who 
read  a  letter  from  Dr.  Gordon  Smith,  in 
which  the  merits  of  Dr.  Ryan  were  alluded 
to  in  very  handsome  terms ; )  the  latter,  who 
was  stated  to  be  a  fellow  of  the  college  of 
physicians  of  London,  by  Dr.  Roe.  In  con- 
sequence, however,  of  the  short  time  Dr. 
Clendinning  had  been  eligible,  a  proposition 
of  adjournment  was  made,  for  the  purpose 
of  allowing  the  members  of  the  society  time 
to  become  more  fully  acquainted  with  the 
circumstance  of  there  being  more  than  one 
candidate. 

The  anniversary  dinner  was  celebrated  at 
the  Thatched  House  Tavern  on  Saturday  the 
24  th  of  April,  £arl  Stanhope  in  the  cliair. 

Athenjcum  Clui  Houti. 
In  the  new  Athensean  Club  House  (open- 
ed on  the  8th  of  February)  Mr.  Decimus 
Burton,  the  architect,  was  obliged  to  depart 
from  his  original  design,  by  an  order  from 
the  Commissioners  of  Woods  and  Forests, 
who,  with  a  view  to  preserve  uniformity, 
caused  him  to  adm>t  the  elevation  of  tne 
Uniteil  Service  Club  House  ofiposite.  Al- 
though the  two  buildings  correspond,  as  far 
as  regards  the  principles  of  architecture, 
they  vary  in  detail :  two  of  the  distinguishing 
cliaractertstics  of  the  Athemeum  are  the 
frieie,  couied  from  that  of  the  Parthenon, 
and  beaotifully  sculptured  by  Mr.  Henning ; 
and  the  statue  of  Minerva  by  Bayly,  which 
is  placed  over  the  prinoipal  entrance.  The 
spaeions  hall  is  entered  bjr  two  folding-doors, 
one  within  the  other ;  the  roof  is  supported 
by  eight  Scagliola  pillars,  — these  terminate 
in  an  arch,  copied  from  the  Temple  of  the 
Winds  at  Athens ;  on  the  left  uf  tliis  hall  is 
the  dining-room»  seventy-two  feet  long, 
thirty  fret  broad,  and  twenty-five  feet  high, 
—this  room  is  capable  of  affording  accom- 
modation fi«r  1 00  persons.  On  the  opposite 
side  of  the  hall,  and  facing  Pall-roall,  is  the 
morning  or  newspaper  room,  and  adjoining 
w  a  small  dining  room  for  parties.  The 
fl^nd  staircase  fronts  the  hall,  and  branches 
to  the  right  and  left ;  it  has  a  very  m^pii- 
ficent  appearance;  at  the  top,  or  landing- 
plae^,  are  three  gems  of  art,  viz.  £ve  at  the 
fuootain— Poetry  and  Painting,  an  original 


group,  presented  by  Mr.  Baylv,  whose  work- 
mansliip  they  are — and  the  Grecian  Areher, 
presented  by  Mr.  Rennie  ; — a  beautiful  sta- 
tue of  Apollo  faces  the  staircase, — this  will 
in  time  give  place  to  a  statue  of  Demos- 
thenes.    A  splendid  drawing-room,  which 
runs  along  the  east  side  of  Waterloo-plaee, 
occupies  the  principal  part  of  the  first  floor  ; 
it  is  101  feet  long,  tnirty  leet  wide,  nod 
twenty*seven  feet  ni^h ;  the  roof  b  sap- 
ported  by  twelve  Scagliola  eolnmns  and  aii- 
teen  pilasters  t  round  the  walls,  on  brackeCi, 
are  placed  finely-executed  casta  of  Shak- 
speare,  Milton,  Bacon,  Locke,  Johnson, 
rope.  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds,  Inigo  Jooea, 
and  others  ; — this  room  is  chiefly  devoted 
to  evening  conversation, — no  refnishment, 
save   tea  and  coffee,  is  allowed.     At  the 
south  end  of  the  drawing-room  is  the  li- 
brary ;   it  contains  nearly  4,000  volumes, 
and  is  daily  accumulating  by  presents  from 
members.    Over  the  fire-place  of  the  library 
is  an  emptv  space,  once  destined  by  the 
committee  tor  the  reception  of  Sir  Thomaa 
Lawrence's  picture  of  toe  King,  but  which 
is  now  positively  refused  by  Sir  Thomas's 
executors  :  Mr.  Phillips,  professor  of  paint- 
ing to  the  Academy,  it  appears,  has  pro- 
mised to  fill  np  the  empty  niche.    Proceed- 
ing upwards,  are  the  private  apartments  of 
the  officers  of  the  Club,  sleeping-roome  Ibr 
servants,  Sec.    The  furniture  of  the  whole 
is  at  once  classical  and  elegant;  the  earpeta 
are  of  the  ntaoet  beaoty,  and  strength  of 
fabric.  — ^ 

National  CtMiTEiiY. 
A  plan  has  lately  been  proposed  for  ceta- 
hlishing,  by  shares  of  95/.  each,  a  cemetery 
at  some  short  but  coovenient  distance  from 
the  metropolis,  and  the  various  genera]  de- 
tails of  tne  design  are  now  submitted  to 
public  inspection,  at  No.  9,  Parliament- 
street.  Tney  are  the  work  of  Mr.  F.  Good- 
win, an  architect  of  some  celebrity,  who  has 
conceived  the  plan  of  making  the  cemetery 
a  very  magoifioent  dbplay  of  architectnte. 
A  square  of  about  4S  acres  is  to  be  planted 
with  trees  and  flowering  shrubs,  and  laid 
out  as  a  garden ;  this  square  is  to  be  sur- 
rounded by  a  double  cloister,  with  open 
arches  at  the  sides,  commanding  views  of 
the  inner  and  outer  spaces  of  the  cemetery. 
In  the  garden  are  to  be  erected  temples  and 
mausolea,  which  will  present  &o  similes  of 
some  of  the  most  celebrateil  remains  of 
Greek  and  Roman  architecture.  The  space 
beneath  the  cloisters  is  to  be  divided  Into 
catacombs  for  private  indiWdoals,  and  Uie 
pillars  which  support  the  cloisters  will  fiir- 
nish  space  for  the  erection  of  tablets  and 
other  monuments.  The  outer  space  sur- 
rounding the  cloister  is  to  l>e  disposed 
soroewhst  after  the  manner  of  the  burial 
ground  of  P^re  la  Chaise,  and  to  be  used  for 
interment  and  for  the  erection  of  mono- 
menu.'  The  site  of  Primrose  Hill  is  coo- 
sklered  by  the  projectors  to  be  asost  de- 
sirable. 


[    35a    1 

ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


LAprU. 


SociKTY  OP  Antiquaries. 

April  1.  Henry  HalUm,  £sq.  V.  P.  in  the 

Chair. 

One  of  the  Auditors  read  their  Report ; 
hy  which  it  appeared,  that  the  toul  receipU 
for  the  past  year  had  been  12Sa/.  12«.  9d, ; 
that  1000^  stock  had  been  sold,  producing 
897L;  that  the  money  expended  towards 
the  publications  of  the  Society  was  1 0342. 
IQs,  8<2. }  and  the  repairs  of  the  Society's 
apartments,  &e.>  had  amounted  to  above 
600^ 

An  essay  by  William  Hosking,  Esq. 
F.  S.  A.  on  the  term  Attic,  in  architecture, 
was  read  to  the  meeting. 

Samuel  Ward,  Esq.  of  Bsston,  near 
Hayes,  Kent,  exhibited,  through  the  me- 
dium of  Alfred  John  Kempe,  Esq.  F.  S.  A. 
the  original  ancient  oil  paintings  preserved 
in  his  house,  and  noticed  in  our  last  Report 
of  the  Society's  proceedings. 

Henry  Ellis,  Esq.  Sec.  S.  A.  communi- 
cated, from  the  Laiasdown  MSS.  a  copy  of 
a  manuscript  tract,  entitled,  *<  A  brief  dis- 
coverie  of  the  great  purpresture  of  newe 
buyldings  nere  to  the  Cittie,  with  the  meanet 
howe  to  restraine  the  same,  and  to  dimi- 
iiishe  those  that  are  alrcadie  increased,  and 
to  remove  many  lewde  and  badd  people,  who 
luirbour  themselves  nere  to  the  Cictie,  as 
desirous  ouly  of  the  spoyle  thereof."  This 
is  a  curious  declamation,  written  temp. 
James  1.,  during  which  period,  it  will  be  re- 
membered, the  increase  of  the  metropolis 
was  at  once  regarde  I  as  an  evil  to  be  sup- 
pressed, and  a  fuunuin  from  which  revenue 
might  be  extorted  for  tlie  Exchequer.  The 
article  is  comprised,  as  the  last,  in  the  &s- 
ciculus  of  Archseologia  (vul.  xxiii.  part  1) 
provided  fur  delivery  at  the  anniversary. 

Aug.  88,  when  the  President  and  various 
officers  were  re-elected ;  and  the  following 
Council :  Earl  of  Aberdeen,  President ;  T. 
Amyot,  Esq.  Treasurer;  J.  Brittoo,  Eiq. ; 
N.  Carlisle,  and  H.  Ellis,  Esq.  Secretaries  ; 
J.  Gage,  Esq.  Director ;  H.  Gurney,  H. 
Hullam,  W.  K.  Hamilton,  Esqrs.  and  the 
Rt.  Hon.  C.  W.  Williams  Wynn,  Vice-Pre- 
sidents ;  and  J.  H.  Marklaod,  Esq.  from 
the  old  Council, — and  C.  F.  Barnwell,  E»q. 
T.  C.  Croker,  Esq.  A.  Henderson,  M.  D. 
F.  Madden,  Esq.  J.  U.  Merivale,  Esq.  W. 
Y.  Ottley,  Ehq.  the  Bishop  of  Salisbury, 
Sir  G.  T.  Staunton,  Col.  B.  C.  Stephenson, 
and  Viscuuut  Strangft>rd,  from  tlie  body  of 
the  Society.  The  numl^r  uf  the  members 
of  tlie  Society  ap|>ears,  from  the  list  printed 
in  order  to  the  ballot,  to  lie  777. 

P.  2.')d.  Mr.  Hamjier's  disserution  on  the 
term  Oriel  having  appeared  in  the  half-vo- 
lume of  Archseologia  above  mentioned,  the 
earliest  opportunity  is  taken  to  correct  the 
classification  of  its  varieties  which  was  given 


in  our  last  month's  report.  Only  sis,  not 
seven,  were  named  by  Mr.  Hamper,  as  fol- 
low :  1,  a  i^enthouse ;  9,  a  porch  attached 
to  any  edifice;  8,  a  detached  gate- house ; 
4,  an  upper  story  \  b,  a  loft  {  6,  a  galUrj 
for  minstrels. 

Engraved  Wooden  Tankako. 

A  singular  wooden  tankard  is  now  for 
sale,  with  Mr.  George  Drew,  a  dealer  \m 
curiosities  at  Hertford.  It  is  circular,  with 
a  flat  bottom .  and  cover,  stands  eighteen 
inches  high,  and  holds  three  pints.  Tb« 
outside  is  entirely  covered  with  figures  and 
inscriptions  engraved  in  outline,  after  tba 
manner  of  carpenters'  rules,  &c.  llie  date 
1610  points  out  the  period  of  its  formatitm ; 
but  the  long  inscriptions,  being  wholly  reli- 
gious apothegms,  a£Purd  no  due  to  its  his- 
tory. The  principal  ooMments  are  two  ar- 
morial achievements ;  oniB,  that  uf  the  King, 
with  the  initials  I.  R.  and  undemeath,  the 
sentence  *<  He  maketh  a  difference  between 
his  servaates  and  his  enemies}"  and  the 
other,  quarterly,  1  and  4  a  fesa  between  two 
chevrons,  9  and  8  a  spread  eagle  ;  with  twe 
unicorns  for  supporters,  and  a  demi-unieorm 
for  a  crest  {  and  vndemeath,  this  intcrip- 
tioo : — 
*<  Their  names  are  written  m  heaven  above. 

Who  have  true  faith,  working  by  love." 
Between  -these  two  coats  are,  <m  cme  side, 
St.  Geoi^  and  the  dragoo,  inscribed, «  The 
Lord  prosper  the  armes  which  fighteth  hit 
battle  ;**  and  on  the  other  a  bird,  perhaps  in- 
tended for  an  ostrich.  These  complete  the 
omanents  of  the  circumference.  On  the 
bottom  are  an  elepliant,  a  drsgon,  a  porcu- 
pine, and  a  monster  which  has  been  termed 
a  salamander.  In  tlie  deficiency  of  inform- 
ation as  to  the  original  destination  of  this 
curiosity,  it  has  been  supposed,  firom  the 
serious  character  of  its  principal  inscriptions, 
to  have  been  a  sacramental  vessel ;  from  the 
royal  arms,  it  has  also  been  supposed  to  have 
been  a  present  of  the  King ;  bat  the  use  of 
royal  arms  on  every  occasiim  was  furmeriy 
so  general,  that  this  does  not  necessarily 
follow.  If  the  other  achievement  were  ap" 
propriated,  the  probability  of  its  origin  and 
use  being  ascertained  would  be  greatly  in* 
creased. 

Etruscan  Vases. 

On  the  estate  of  the  Prince  of  Caninoy 
in  the  Papal  States,  a  great  number  df 
Etruscan  vases,  of  great  beauty,  have  been 
discovered,  which  have  excited  the  gtnenil 
admiration  of  Archaeulogists.  In  October, 
1828,  the  excavations  were  commonced  by 
the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Caniao  on  a  very 
extended  scale.  A  hundred  woikmao  were 
employed,  and  in  the  space  of  four 
more  than  two  thousand  articles 


1830,] 


Antiquarian  Researches,-^ Select  Poetry. 


353 


vered,  all  of  them  exquisitely  fashioned, 
and,  for  the  most  part,  adorned  with  paint- 
ings, which  have  drawn  forth  the  warmest 
expressions  of  admiration  fi'om  the  first  art- 
ists of  the  day.  Thorwaldsen,  the  cele- 
brated sculptor,  was  quite  lost  in  wonder  at 
the  sight  of  these  treasures  of  art :  Cam- 
muccini,  and  his  brethren  of  the  easel,  pro* 
Dounced  the  paintings,  with  which  they  are 
all  more  or  less  embellished,  capi  d*opera : 
Dr.  Nott,  our  countryman,  formerly  sub- 
preceptnr  to  the  lamented  Princess  Char- 
lotte, who,  from  a  residence  of  many  years 
in  Italy,  is  become  a  cognoscente  of  the  first 
order,  considered  one  vase  in  particular, 
called  the  *<  Cup  of  Hercules/'  as  a  match* 
less  production,  and  beyond  all  price.  The 
most  «minent  antiquaries  were  deputed  by 
the  Archaeological  Society  to  inspect  these 
treasures  on  the  part  of  the  government, 
who  regard  their  removal  to  other  shores 
with  a  jealous  eye.  It  is  agreed  on  all  sides, 
that  no  discovery,  since  Pompeii  and  Her- 
culaneum  were  disclosed  to  the  view  of  us 
moderns,  has  caused  such  a  sensation  Su- 
perior in  every  respect  to  those  at  Naples, 
they  have  the  additional  interest  of  being 
enriched  with  inscriptions,  which  are  to  be 
seen  on  a  great  numl^r  of  them,  chiefly  in 
the  Greek  character.  Scenes  from  the 
Theban  war,  and  the  Iliad  and  Odyssey,  are 
very  common,  and  the  names  of  the  gods 
and  goddesses,  heroes  and  heroines,  are  ge- 
nerally inscribed.  These  vases  are  ascribed 
to  an  age  anterior  to  the  foundation  of 
Rome,  not  long  after  the  Trojan  war,  the 
actions  pf  which  are  here  represented,  vary- 
iug  in  many  particulars  from  Homer's  ac- 
count of  them.     They  are  all  supposed  to 


haVe  been  found  on  the  site  of  Vitulonik,  a 
city,  according  to  Pliny,  destroyed  befisre 
the  foundation  of  Rome. 

Ancient  Tombs  opEtruria. 

March  4.  During  the  excavations  of  the 
Campo  Scala,  conducted  by  Campanari  and 
Fossati,  the  proprietors  of  the  spot,  there 
was  discovered  the  tomb  of  a  wrestler  or 
pancratiast,  who  had  gained  a  prize  in  some 
games.  He  is  characterized  by  the  disk  of 
iron ;  the  arms,  of  bronze,  were  placed  near 
him ;  these  consist  of  a  vast  clypeus,  the 
greaves,  and  the  hilt  of  the  sword.  The 
most  beautiful  tripod,  the  prefericoli,  and 
the  crater  of  bronze,  are  tne  prizes  which 
he  gained.  Near  the  tripod  was  one  of 
those  large  painted  vases,  which  bear  the 
well-known  inscription,  and  Minerva,  who 
has  here  for  ensign  a  siren  playing  on  the 
double  flute.  Two  little  images  of  lole 
and  Hercules  stood  on  the  other  side.  This 
tomb  had  three  chambers :  most  of  the 
things  found  were  in  that  on  the  left  hand; 
there  were  some  articles  in  the  two  others, 
but  of  less  value,  if  we  except  a  gold  ring, 
with  a  lion  engraved  on  it — a  symbol  very 
suitable  to  the  deceased — and  part  of  a  gold 
necklace.  —A  third  tomb  strikes  the  eye  at 
first  sight,  by  a  certain  novelty  in  the  de- 
sign, and  the  ornamebts  shew  that  an  Egyp- 
tian chose  to  be  buried  in  Etruria  in  the 
Egyptian  fashion  ;  in  fact,  no  vase  records 
a  Greek  or  Roman  rite.  Two  little  marble 
statues  of  Isis  and  Osiris,  many  vases  with 
animals,  twelve  gold  clasps,  a  very  singular 
gold  ring,  and  a  broken  spherical  paste  vase 
with  hieroglyphics,  were  also  discuvered. 


SELECT    POETRY. 


THE  ADVENTURER'S  WISH. 

/^H  !  would  that  I  could  feel  again 

As  I  have  felt  of  old. 
Ere  I  had  cross'd  the  treach'roiis  main, 

Or  ere  my  pulse  grew  cold  ! 
Alas !  that  I  could  then  have  felt 

As  I  feel  even  now ! 
My  hands  had  not  been  stMn'd  with  guilt. 

Nor  furrow'd  thus  my  brow ! 

Oh  !  would  that  all  were  now  the  same 

As  once  it  was,  before 
I  e'er  had  heard  the  trump  of  Fame, 

Or  left  my  native  shore ! 
Oh  !  would  I  were  once  more  the  boy, 

The  careless  boy  again. 
That  dreamt  the  world  was  full  of  joy, 

Nor  thought  of  grief  or  pain  ! 

Yet  have  I  gain'd  a  glorious  came, 
And  store  of  precious  cold,— 

All,  all !  I'd  give  to  be  the  same 
Glad  boy  I  was  of  old ! 

Gent.  Mao.  Jpril,  1  §30. 

9 


Those  days,  alas !  have  fled  for  aye» 
With  wishes  vain  I  bum—     

The  sun  of  Hope  withdraws  his  ray. 
Ah  !  never  to  return. 

For  there  is  not  in  boundless  wealth. 

Nor  in  the  breath  of  Fame, 
A  recompense  for  wasted  health, 

A  weak  and  care-worn  frame  :— 
But  could  they  make  the  body  whole. 

And  ease  each  torturing  smart, — 
They  have  no  med'cine  for  the  soul,— 

None  for  the  breaking  heart ! 

Then,  would  that  all  were  now  again. 

As  once  it  was  of  yore  ! 
I  would  not  sigh  to  cross  the  main. 

Or  seek  the  shining  ore ! 
No  more  I  'd  join  the  deadly  strife, 

With  human  blood  besprent. 
But  keep,  for  all  the  ills  of  life» 

That  sovereign  balm.  Content ! 

J.  % 


554 


Select  Poetrif^ 


[Apfa> 


ON  THE  FUNERAL  OF  CHARLES 
THE  FIRST. 

At  Night,  in  St.  George's  Chapel,  IVindsar.* 

(From  the  «« Life  of  Bishop  Ken,"  1^  the 
Rev,  W.  L.  Bowles.) 

'yHE  Castle-dock  bad  toll'd  midnight,— 
With  luattock  and  with  spade. 
And  silent,  bj  the  torches'  light. 
His  corse  in  earth  we  laid. 

The  coffin  bore  his  name,  that  those 

Of  other  years  might  know, 
When  Earth  its  secret  should  disclose, 

Whose  bones  were  laid  below. 

•*  Peace  to  the  dead"  no  children  sung, 

Slow  pacing  up  the  nave  ; 
No  prayers  were  read,  no  knell  was  rung, 

As  deep  we  dug  his  grave. 

We  ouly  heard  the  winter's  wind, 

In  many  a  sullen  gust, 
As,  o'er  the  open  grave  inclin'd. 

We  murmur'd,  •*  Dust  to  dust  I" 

A  moon-beam,  from  the  arches'  height 
Stream'd,  as  we  plac'd  the  stone  ; 

The  long  aisles  started  into  light, 
And  all  the  windows  shone. 

We  thought  we  saw  the  banners  then, 

That  shook  along  the  walls. 
While  the  sad  shades  of  mailed  men 

Were  gazing  from  the  stalls. 

And  buried  Kings,  a  spectre  train, 

Seem'd  in  the  dusk  to  glide. 
As  fitful,  through  the  pillar'd  fane. 

Faint  Misereres  died. 

'Tis  gone  !  again,  on  tombi  defac'd,i* 
Sits  darkness  more  profound. 

And  only,  by  the  torch,  we  trac'd 
Our  shadows  on  the  ground. 

And  now  the  chilly,  freezing  air. 
Without,  blew  long  and  loud ; 

Upon  our  knees  we  breath'd  one  pray'r^ 
Where  He— «lept  in  his  shroud. 

W^e  laid  the  broken  marble  floor — 
No  name,  no  trace  appears — 

And  when  we  clos'd  the  sounding  door 
We  thought  of  him  with  tears. 

*  As  this  composition  might  appear, 
in  some  turns  of  expression,  to  resemble  a 
celebrated  military  funeral  dirge  (the  death 
of  Sir  Jfohn  Moore),  I  can  only  say,  it  was 
written  soon  after  the  account  of  the  late 
disinterment  of  Charles.  The  metre  and 
phrase  is  the  same  as  some  lines  published 
twenty  ^evn  ago  : 

«  O'er  my  poor  Anna's  lonely  grave 
No  dirge  shall  sound,  no  bell  shall  ring." 
'  Spirit  qf  Discovery  * 

t  Every  thing  to  the  chapel  was  de&ced. 
X  The  service. by  the  prayer-book  was. 

forbidden. 


DEATH'S  DEEDS. 

nnHY  path,  oh  Death  I  with  fear  I  tnety 
And  mark  thy  deeds  from  place  to  plaea 

With  mehmcholy  mind ! 
Thou  meagre,  ghastly,  shapeltas  ihiii(»  . 
How  many  ways  thou  hast  to  bf log 

Distress  upon  maokind ! 

How  oft,  o'er  youth  and  beauty  d0ad» 
The  drooping  mother  bends  her  head. 

With  many  a  briny  tear ; 
Waters  her  child's  cold,  helpless  clay. 
Then  sinks  herself,  a  ling'ring  prej 

To  Grief,  and  wan  Despair ! 

Yon  little,  wretched,  helpless  bead 
Around  their  widow'd  mother  stand* 

And  cry  in  vain  for  bread : 
Alas  !  their  guide,  their  &ther,  friend*  ' 
On  whom  alone  they  did  depend. 

Lies  number'd  with  tht  dead  I 

As  some  iair  rose,  the  garden's  pride* 
When  pluck'd  in  haste,  and  thrown  aaidey 

Lies  wither'd  in  its  bloom. 
The  maid  adorn'd  with  ev'ry  gnoe* 
Ingenuons  mind,  and  lovely  tacey- 

Is  snatch'd  into  the  tomb  1 

The  wife  belov'd,  the  mother  dear* 
Is  laid  on  the  untimely  bier : 

The  husband  raves  in  inslot 
While,  weeping  o'er  their  mother  daMl* 
Her  blooming  offspring  hang  the  head* 

Like  flow 'rets  drench'd  in  rain ! 

Tlie  bashful  virgin's  half-cbeek'd  aigh* 
Her  downcast  look  and  tearftil  are* 

The  much-lov'd  youdi  depforei 
The  grief  she  feels  dares  not  impart*  . 
But,  cherish'd  in  her  aching  lieart* 

It  rankles  at  the  core !  . . 

But  now  what  terror  shakes  my  hand  ? 
The  pen,  oh  Death !  I  scarce  command* 

To  tell  thy  horrid  ways. 
When,  shunning  day's  rerolgent  liffht* 
And  hid  beneath  the  gloom  of  night* 

The  prowling  ODard'/er  stn^  ! 

With  heart  and  hand  prepar'd  for  Uood* 
Like  some  fell  tiger  from  the  Wpod* 

He  darts  upon  his  prey ; 
And,  while  his  hapless  victim's  lifis 
Yet  reeks  upon  the  guilty  lnu&« 

Unseen  he  glides  away ! 

The  law,  oh  Death!  is  fix'd  by  Ftfe*       • 
That  all  mankind  must,  soon. or  latu*.  .    . 

Be  subject  to  thy  vuvi  j 
But  put  not  on  tliat  frishtral  miea* 
And  come  not  thus  unheard*  iuiacea» 

To  steal  our  lives  away ! 

Great  Power  Supreme  1  who  ra^a'st  abori* 
Eternal  source  of  boundless  love* 

Stretch  forth  thy  mighty  liand( 
Protect  us  from  the  midn^t  foe* 
And  firom  such  scenes  of  guilt  and  wot 

Preserve  the  British  Laqd !  '     ; 
Codmin. 


18S0.] 


SeU^i  Poeiry. 


355 


THE  PHYSICIAN  AND  THE  MAGPIE. 

A  Tale. 

(Timndtd  parlly  on /act.  J 
By  the  Rev.  Richard  Pbarsok,  M,  A. 

Y^HERE  LiocoVt  fent  exteDdtd  Uy, 

And  noxioQs  vapoart  roM, 
Ere  art  b«<le  there  gay  meads  display 
For  flocks  a  rich  repose* 

A  Pastor's  sged  widow  dwelt, 
Oppress'd  with  eares  and  fean ; 

For  all  th«  gather'd  ills  ake  feJt, 
Of  scaoty  means  and  yean. 

ifer  only  earthly  prop,  her  child, 

A  daughter  good  and  fiiir ; 
Whose  tenderness  fall  oft  begnil'd 

Her  feehle  mother's  care  : — 

So  hangs  the  blooming  apple-tree. 

Over  some  cattle  wall ; 
Which  gracing  Age's  majesty, 

Staysy  toOf  the  ruin's  tail. 

But  nh  I  what  sgony  o'ercame 

Matilda's  gentle  breast, 
When  fiut-eoBsnming  fever's  flame 

Her  mother's  fraase  poseess'd  ! 

Where  Learning's  sacred  tow'rs  al>ound. 

On  Cam's  dittinguith'd  shore, 
Liv'd  one,  though  youthful,  yet  renown'd. 

In  (Esculapian  lore. 

To  him  for  aid  Matilda  tarn'd. 

Nor  soiitfht  hit  aid  in  vain ; 
No  more  the  wasting  fever  hnro'd* 

And  health  retitm'd  agam. 

B«t  difieult  the  core  and  slow, 

Reqnhring  time  and  ikitl, 
And  how  her  gratitude  to  show, 

Pcrplex'd  the  patient  still. 

For  to  repay  her  kind  friend's  care. 

Her  means  were  too  confin'd  i 
Yet  child  and  parent  anxioos  were. 

To  prove  their  grateful  mind. 

In  wicker  cace,  poor  Mag  was  heard : 

Of  this  Matilda  thoofht. 
And  heav'd  a  sigh — for  oh  !  the  bird, 

Her  fether's  gifi,  was  Uught 

By  her,  full  manv  a  word  to  feign. 
That  waken'd  Mem'ry's  pow^^. 

To  all  the  envied  Joys  whico  reign. 
O'er  Childhood  s  happy  hours. 

The  dear  Pbrsidao  eame  once  more. 

And  now  from  Mag  to  part ; 
The  trtasnr'd  offering  she  bore. 

With  UMissembled  art. 

The  youth  perceiv'd  the  rising  sigh* 

The  inward  conflict  gneae'd. 
And  thus  the  feir,  with  tearfiil  eye 

And  swelling  heart^  addrass'd. 

<«  Matiloa  !  oo  the  filial  chctk 

RetwBtng  tmaae  to  eeoy 
And  comfort  okatr  the  widow  wenlr, 

I  seek  DO  rielMr  fee. 


**  Yet  coild  1  chv  iweet  flnre  supply. 

The  feather'd  gift  I'd  take. 
And  watch  it  with  the  fondest  eye. 

For  its  lov'd  donor's  sake  : 

<<  But  eoold  her  heart  divide  ite  love, 

Matilda  still  might  be 
The  guardian  of  her  bird,  and  prore 

A  skilful  leech  to  me. 

*<  For  Med'cioe's  art  in  vain  would  heal 

The  wounds  that  I  endure, 
The  pains  Matilda  makes  me  feel, 

Her  hand  alone  can  cure." 

Looks  spoke  th'  emotions  of  the  heart, 

Beyond  all  language  feint-^ 
None  but  a  Wilkie's  peerless  art. 

The  touching  scene  could  paint. 

IMPROMPTU 

On  the  reappearance  qf  Mist  Stephens  a^ 
Druty  Lane  Theatre^  on  Tuesday  the  XStk 
April.  By  Sir  Lumlky  SKivpiNOTOif. 

'pHOUGH   reason  yields  an  ever-radiant 

place 
To  tlmse  all-splendid  in  t/ravura  grace, 
Thine  is  the  triumph  of  the  Doric  reed ; 
Simplicity  no  Science  can  exceed. 
Artless  thyself,  thou  dost  all  Art  transcend, 
Wbile  Taste  and  Nature  hail  thee  as  their 

friend  ! 


UNES» 

Suggaled  by  a  Person  remarking.  He  **  $honld 

like  to  be  a  Poet. 
QH,  envy  not  the  Poet's  lot. 

For  he  hath  fears  that  few  can  Iraow ; 
Hb  laurels  are  too  soon  forgot-— 

Yea,  long  before  his  lasting  woe. 

The  sc«)m  of  Pride,  the  cold  one's  scoff. 

Are  his  inheritance  on  earth } 
All,  all  his  flowers  are  broken  off 

The  moment  they  are  budding  forth ! 
He  hath  indeed  some  hours  of  bliss. 

But  they  are  few  and  scarce  his  own  i 
For  every  tranquil  stream  of  peace 

Is  rufled  by  some  heart  of  stone ! 
Shrewsbury.  H.  P. 

The  Rev.  Edward  Liwton,  A.  M.  Clatncal 
Professor  at  Hayleybury  CoUegie,  ditd 
Feb.  91,  1830,  aged  60.     (Seep.  981 J 

EriTAPH. 

UERE   Lewton   lies,  whoio  birth  food 
Muses  haU'd,  [vail'd. 

And  Learning's  love  throoehoot  his  life  pre- 
The  truth  that  here  he  fbUow'd  by  its  lays, 
Now  breaks  onon  hhn  in  perfection's  blase : 
To  all  the  elaims  of  homan-nature  kind 
And  condesceading  his  exalted  mind  : 
The  generooe  patron,  and  the  friend  sioctra : 
AU  that  kMW  Lewton  will  hb  luuiit  revere. 

LU. 


[    856     ] 


[April, 


HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 


PROCEEDINGS    IN    PARLIAMENT. 


House  of  Lords,  March  92. 
The  Lord  Chancellor  brought  forward  his 
proposed  alterations  in  the  proceedings  of  the 
Courts  op  Law  and  Equity.    The  object 
in  view  he  said  was  to  assimilate  the  practice 
of  the  Courts  of  King's  Bench,  Common 
Pleas,  and  Exchequer ;  to  simplify  the  prac- 
tice of  special  pleading,  and  to  regulate  the 
proportions  of  business  within  these  courts^ 
so  as  to  afiPord  relief  to  the  Court  of  King's 
Bench,  which  was  now  overwhelmed  with 
busiuess,  ^y  throwing  part  of  it  into  the 
Court  of  Exchequer,  the  latter  being  erected 
into  a  Court  of  Common  Law,  distinct  from 
an  Equity  Court.     An  additional  Judge  in 
each  Court  would  also  be  appointed  for  the 
dispatch  of  business,  which  was  to  be  effect- 
ed by  the  doing  away  with  the  Welch  judi- 
cial offices.     His  Lordship  next  adverted  to 
the  state  of  the  law  in  Scotland,  and  men- 
tioned the  intention  of  introducing  into  that 
country  the  trial  by  jury  in  all  cases ;  and  al- 
luded to  the  commissions  appointed  to  exa- 
mine Into  the  laws  affecting  real  property  in 
this  country,  and  also  to  the  commission  of 
enquiry  into  the  ecclesiastical  law ;  neither 
of  which  had  yet  made  a  report.     He  then 
proceeded  to  consider  the  state  of  business  in 
the  Court  of  Chancery,  and  proposed  the  ap- 
pointment of  an  additional  judge  to  clear  off 
the  arrear  of  business,  whose  office  would 
terminate  when  that  was  effected.      With 
respect  to  Bankruptcy  business,  the  noble 
and  learned  Lord  proposed  some  regulations ; 
among  others  to  make  country  commissions 
embrace  about  the  same  number  of  commis- 
sioners  as   London   commissions.     Having 
stated  all  his  views  upon  these  important 
questions,  he  concluded  by  asking  for  leave 
to  bring  in  a  bill  for  further  facilitatiog  the 
administration    of  justice   in    the  superior 
courts  of  law.  —  The  bill   was  then  read  a 
first  time. 

March  23.  The  Marquis  of  Clanricarde 
brought  forward  a  motion  censuring  the  Go- 
vernment of  this  country  for  preventing  the 
Portuguese  refugees,  who  were  ordered  to 
leave  England,  from  landing  at  Terceira.  His 
Lordship  cad  it  was  a  breach  of  our  vaunted 
neutrality,  committed  in  favor  of  the  usurper, 
Don  Miguel. — The  Earl  of  Aberdeen  op- 
posed the  motion,  as  casting  an  undeserved 
ceu&ure  upon  the  Government. — Lord  Hoi-' 
Uuid  contended  that  the  attack  on  the  expe- 
dition was  a  violation  of  the  law  of  nations. — 
The  Duke  of  TfcUington  justified  the  con- 
duct of  Government.  Don  Pedro,  he  said, 
possessed  no  portion  of  the  territories  of 
Portugal  since  the  separation  of  the  two 
CiowDS.-^The  Lord  Chancellor  spoke  at  some 


length  in  defence  of  the  Government. — Their 
Lordships  then  divided,  when  there  appeared^ 
Contents,  SO  ;  Not  Contents,  185. 

House  op  Commons,  March  25. 
Mr.  P,  Thompson  moved  for  the  appoint- 
ment of  a  Committee  to  enquire  into  the 
present  state  of  taxation,  and  the  best  mode 
of  collecting  taxes  with  the  least  possible  in- 
convenience to  the  people. — ^The  Chancellor 
of  the  Exchequer  opposed  the  motion,  and 
after  considerable  discussion  it  was  negatived 
by  a  majority  of  147  to  78. 

March  26.  On  the  motion  of  the  Chan" 
ceUor  of  the  Exchequer,  the  boose  resolved 
itself  into  a  committee  upon  the  Four  per 
Cent.  Annuities  Bill.  Tne  right  hoa.  gent, 
said,  that  it  was  a  matter  of  congratulation 
that  the  time  had  arrived  when  Government 
could  relieve  the  public  from  a  further  bur- 
den of  about  two  millions.  He  proposed  to 
reduce  the  Interest  upon  the  stock  in  ques- 
tion from  4  to  S§  per  cent.,  the  situation  of 
the  country  being  such  as  to  warrant  the 
proposition.  The  terms  which  he  proposed 
to  give  to  the  holders  of  the  4  per  cents, 
were,  to  give  them  100  stoek  of  the  8§  per 
cents,  which  were  at  aboat  99^.  He  also 
proposed  to  give  an  assurance  that  no  fur- 
ther reduction  should  be  made  for  ten  years. 
The  proposed  reduction  would  be  a  saving 
to  the  country  to  the  amount  of  778,000/. 
After  some  discussion,  the  resolution  was 
agreed  to. 

In  a  Committee  of  Supply,  on  the  pro- 
position for  voting  174,584/.  9s.  4c/.  for 
the  expenses  of  the  superannuation  of  civil 
officers  in  the  na«'al  service.  Sir  H*  Heron 
objected  to  the  retired  pensions  of  Mr.  Ba- 
thurst  and  Mr.  Dundas,  both  of  whom  bad 
retired  with  allowances  of  500/.  and  4001.  a 
year;  the  one  as  a  commissioner  of  the 
victualling  board,  and  the  other  as  a  com- 
missioner of  the  navy  board,  their  period  of 
service  being  only  three  years.  n«  ihoold 
therefore  move,  as  an  amendment,  that  the 
vote  be  reduced  by  900/. — ^The  ChanttUerof 
the  Exchequer  assured  the  House,  that  in  de- 
ciding upon  the  claims  of  these  gentleaen, 
the  Treasury  had  acted  upon  an  old  and  es« 
tablished  rule,  without  the  least  reference  to 
the  birth  or  connexions  of  the  parties.  ~  Mr. 
Hobhouse  said,  that  it  was  impossible  to  de- 
fend these  appointments. — Mr.  Peel  said, 
the  compensation  made  was  only  what  was 
usual  on  such  occasions."-The  (Committee 
then  divided,  when  the  numbers  were— for 
Sir  R.  Heron's  amendment,  139;  against 
it,  121.' 


18&0.]        Proceedimgs  in  the  presetU  Stuumof  ParUmMni. 

Housft  Of  LotDt,  Martk  S9. 
Lord  King  niovtd  a  acriet  of  rcsolitUpiit 
eoodemoatorj  of  tko  esMtiag  rcgvlMknu,  or 
iodeed  of  toy  r^uUtioot,  in  the  foniga  com 
tnd«.  Hit  Lordship  brought  forward^  in 
a  coodenaad  ibnny  all  tht  aiifpineBto  of 
political  econoni«tt  in  finvour  of  an  open 
com  trada. — ^Tha  Earl  cf  Malwu^vry,  by 
aothantic  rttama  of  aDormovt  importa  with- 
in tha  la«t  two  ytan,  thowad  that  tha  firi- 
tbh  agriculturittft  had  no  monopoly  of  tha 
hona  markat,  vhila  tha  clamour  was  raisad 
against  tham  by  men  who  in  the  ezareisa  of 
corporate  privileget,  and  in  severe  rules  for 
the  regulation  of  tha  several  trades  to  which 
they  belongedf  proved  themselves  animated 
fay  tha  most  seffish  and  exclusive  spirit  of 
monopoly.— The  EarU  of  Roteberry  and 
Camatvon  topported  the  resolutions  i  and 
tha  Dukt  tff  HVUngtom  pointed  out  the 
danger  that  if  this  country  once  threw  itself 
in  dependence  upon  other  states  for  bread, 
the  states  from  which  its  supplies  were  to 
ha  drawn  might  impose  upon  com  what 
taxea  they  pleased — thus  in  fact  rendering 
Great  Britain  tributary  for  subsistence.  The 
rcsolotiona  ware  negatived  without  a  division* 

In  the  Com  MOMS,  the  same  day,  the  House 
resolved  itself  into  a  G>mmittee  of  Supply, 
and  many  items  in  the  navy  estimates  were 
discussed,  but  no  division  took  place.— Mr. 
Perceval,  after  stating  that  this  year  there 
would  Im  a  net  savbg  of  88,649^,  moved, 
**  That  a  sum  not  exceeding  8&,0f  51.  be 
cranted  to  defray  the  salaries  of  ifaie  Mester, 
Lieot.-Oeneral,  and  other  officers  of  the 
Ordnance."— iStr  Jamet  Graham,  after  en- 
tering into  a  lengthened  statement,  the  ob- 
ject of  which  was  to  prove  thai  the  ofice 
was  perfectly  onneeeseary,  moved,  that  the 
vote  be  reduced  by  1900/.,  the  amount  of 
the  ealary  of  tha  Lieut.-General  of  the  Ord- 
nance.—Mr.  1^.  Perceval  contended  that  it 
appeared  quite  clear,  from  the  evidence  of 
the  noble  Duke  at  the  head  of  his  Majesty's 
Govemment,  that  tha  office  waa  one  which 
could  not  be  abolished  without  great  incon- 
venience.— Ahar  oonsiderable  discuasioo,  in 
which  Lonf  Joibi  RmsM,  Mr.  LiddtU,  Lard 
Hawick,  Lord  Althorp^  Mr.  MaberUy,  Lord 
Morpeth,  and  Mr.  C,  Grant  suj>ported,  and 
OeMTol  Gordon,  tba  Sari  iifLxtridge,  Sir 
a.  Hardume,  Lord  BASomenett  Mr.  Pool. 
and  Mr.fF.ffynmeopsia  against  the  amend- 
ment, the  Committea  divided,  when  there 
were— For  tha  amendment,  lS4i  agaoMt 
it,  900. 

HouiB  OP  Loaos,  March  80. 

The  Earl  o/*  Aberdeen  laid  on  the  table, 
bv  command  of  hia  Majesty,  the  Recipro- 
catyTreaty  between  thie  country  and  Austria. 

The  Marquess  rf  Lanadmene  moved,  that 
an  humble  addreas  ba  presented  to  his  Ma- 
jesty, pmyio^  that  he  would  be  pleaaad  to 
gtra  instmcuoM  to  hia  eooaula  in  South 


357 


to  funiah  ntwna  of  tka  gold  and 
silver  seat  fiom  that  eovntiy.— The  Earl  ^ 
Mahnettury  eaid,  that  the  Conettla  ought  to 
furnish  very  valuable  information,  for  they 
cost  the  country  a  large  sum  of  Bsoney  an* 
nnally.  The  amount  of  tha  expense  incnmd 
in  1898,  on  tfais  head,  was  not  Icsa  than 
97,000L-— Tha  motion  was  agreed  to. 

House  op  Commons,  April  l. 

The  greater  part  of  the  evening  was  eon* 
sumed  in  examining  witnesses  on  the  fiillfbr 
divorcing  Edward  Lord  Ellanborough  from 
his  present  wife,  on  account  of  adultery  with 
Prince  Swartzenberg,  and  to  enable  him  to 
marry  him  again.  The  fiill  was  reported, 
and  the  evidence  was  ordered  to  be  printed. 

The  Solieilor-General  brought  in  a  Bill 
for  coutinuing  and  amending  the  laws  reU- 
tive  to  Insolvent  Debtois. 

Ilie  Lord  Advocate  had  leave  given  to 
bring  in  a  fiill  for  uniting  tite  benefits  of 
JuBY  Trial  in  civil  causes  with  the  ordi- 
nary jurisdiction  of  the  Court  of  Session, 
and  for  making  certain  other  alterations  and 
reductions  in  the  judicial  astablishnMnte  of 
Scotland. 

Mr.  Secretary  Peel  brought  forward  hia 
important  motion  for  consolidating  the  JLawi 
reUting  to  Foroeby.  There  were,  he  said, 
at  present  sixty- one  Acts  relatinc  to  the 
crime  of  forgery  where  death  was  inflicted.— 
The  Bill  would  contain  not  more  than  fbor 
clauses,  which  at  once  would  point  out  those 
cases  where  death  should  be  inflicted.  He 
avowed  himself  an  advocate  for  the  gradual 
mitigation  of  the  punishment  of  death  in 
cases  of  forgery.  The  criminal  code  of  thia 
country  was  more  severe  than  that  of  any 
other  country.  He  would  continue  tha  pa* 
nishment  of'^  death  in  ease  of  forgery  eon- 
neeted  with  negotiable  transacUons,  pnUin 
documents*  and  wills.  Also  fbrfidse  eatriaa 
in  the  pnblio  stocks,  forged  traosfars,  pra- 
misaory  notes.  Sank  of  England  notes,  and 
bdeed  all  notea  that  oonid  be  tumed  into 
cash.  He  proposed  to  remit  the  ponbhment 
of  death  in  cases  of  forged  receipts  ft>r  mo- 
ney or  goods;  fur  uttering  forged  stampai 
for  £sbricating  the  material  for  bank  paper, 
and  also  in  case  of  deeds,  bonds,  &c.  In 
adopting  thia  oonrea,  he  believed  he  waa  fbl- 
lowmg  eloeely  the  plan  of  the  coda  Napo- 
leon. Ha  sDonld  also  oBaka  tha  ranti^  «f 
foreign  billa  of  axehanga,  with  tM  feifid 
name  of  a  British  marebaalt  a  eapltid  mi- 
nishment;  and  also  the  fbUftring  in  this 
country  wills  oMula  on  tbaCootmciit  by  Bri- 
tish suMacts.  The  ri^ ht  has.  gent,  haebfc 
obtained  leave,  the  bill  waa  brought  in,  faad 
a  first  time,  and  ordered  to  be  committed  on 
the  96tb  April. 

The  four  paroent.  ledoctaon  blU  was  mad 

a 


April  9.  Mr.  ^iter brough tbefore  tha Honsa 
tha  pctilioB  of  IM  ship-ownaia  of  HuU,  pray- 


35S  Proceedings  irC  the  present  Session  of  Parliament.      [Aprif, 


ing  for  an  enqairy  into  their  situation.  They 
stated  that  they  were  unable  to  compete  with 
other  countries,  in  consequence  of  the  pres- 
sure of  taxation.  They  also  complained  of 
the  reciprocity  laws  ;  and  prayed  the  iropo- 
sition  of  a  property  tax. — Mr.  Merries  ob- 
served, that  there  had  been  au  increase  of 
200,000  tons  in  the  British  ships  in  the 
last  four  years,  and  there  was  a  similar  in- 
crease in  the  number  of  persons  employed. 
He  could  assure  the  House  that  Government 
had  that  subject  under  consideration,  and 
would  not  be  inattentive  to  the  shipping 
interests. 

The  Four  per  Cents,  bill  was  read  the  se- 
cond time. 

April  5.  Mr.  R.  Grant  brought  forward 
a  motion  for  the  Emancipation  of  the 
Jews,  and,  in  the  course  of  a  long  and  able 
speech,  entered  into  a  narrative  of  the  his- 
tory of  the  Jews  in  this  country,  observing 
that  it  was  melancholy  to  reflect,  that  the 
brightest  pages  of  our  history — those  on 
which  every  Englishman  loved  to  dwell  with 
pride  and  satisfaction — were  stained  with 
the  most  revolting  cruelties,  practised  on 
this  devoted  race.  He  concluded  by  moving 
for  leave  to  bring  in  a  bill  to  repeal  the  civil 
disabilities  affecting  British-born  subjects 
professing  the  Jewish  religion.  Sir  R.  In- 
glis  opposed  the  motion.  He  observed  that 
the  admission  of  Jews  to  civil  power  was  in- 
consistent with  the  Christianity  of  the  con- 
stitution. The  Roman  Catholic  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  great  body  of  Christians  ;  but  in 
admitting  the  Jew,  they  would  admit  one 
who  declared  the  Saviour  an  impostor ;  and 
yet,  after  he  had  come  to  the  table  with  his 
bat  on  to  be  sworn,  would  be  allowed  to  le- 
gislate for  the  religion  of  him  to  whom  he 
applied  that  contemptuous  appellation.— The 
Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  said,  that  if 
they  were  at  once  to  open  the  doors  to  every 
man,  of  whatsoever  religious  denomination 
—whether  he  were  a  Jew  or  a  Turk,  or  a 
follower  of  some  less  known  sect — the  pub- 
lic confldence  in  Parliament  would  be  sha- 
ken, and  people  would  be  led  to  believe  that 
(he  legislature  was  indifferent  to  the  inte- 
rests of  religion.  No  man  could  say  that 
there  was  any  urgent  necessity  for  taking 
the  proposed  step,  and  he  should  oppose  the 
measure. — Mr.  Macaulei/,  Sir  J.  Macin- 
tosh^  Dr.  Lushington,  Lord  Morpeth,  and  Mr. 
jffT.  Smith,  supported  the  motion,  which  was 
opposed  by  Mr.  Ballet/,  Mr.  Perceval,  and 
the  Solicitor- General.  When  the  house  di- 
vided, the  numbers  were — For  the  motion, 
114,  against  it  97. 

April  6,  Lord  Ellenborough's  Di- 
vorce Bill,  after  some  opposition  from 
Mr.  Hume,  Dr.  Phillimore,  and  the  Marq, 
of  Blandford,  was  read  the  third  time  and 
passed. 

Ifird  Nugent  moved  for,   and   obtained 


leave  to  bring  in  a  bill  for  regulating  an4  al- 
tering the  mode  of  paying  LABOURERa* 
Wages.  The  object  of  this  bjll  was  to  give 
to  the  magistrates  the  power  to  grapple  at 
once  with  the  *<  rounding  system,"  as  it  ii 
called,  or  the  system  of  j/aying  the  wages  of 
labourers  out  of  the  poor-rates,  and  to  ena* 
ble  the  parish  poor  to  do  without  it.  He 
proposed  to  make  it  legal  for  two-thirds  of 
the  inhabitants  of  every  parish  to  bind  the 
remainder  as  to  the  rate  of  payment  to  be 
agreed  to.  The  bill  was  brought  up  and 
read  the  first  time. 


April  7.  Mr.  Dairson  moved  for  l«»ave  to 
bring  in  a  bill  to  amend  the  7th  and  8th  of 
Geo.  IV.  cap.  6'2,  respecting  the  Malt  Do- 
ties.  The  great  object  of  the  new  measure 
was  to  protect  the  honest  dealer,  and  place 
the  trade  on  a  fair  footing.  Tlie  most  ma- 
terial alterations  were,  to  do  away  with  the 
malt-book — that,  namely,  in  which  the 
quantity  of  barley,  malt,  &c.  was  entered^ 
and  how  long  they  remained  on  the  pre- 
mises ;  to  shorten  the  period  for  sprinkling 
from  twelve  to  eight  days  ;  and  to  abolish 
the  certificate  system.  The  motion  was 
agreed  to. 

The  Four  per  Cent.  Annuity  Bill  was  read 
the  third  time. 

In  answer  to  a  question  by  Mr.  Hume^ 
the  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  said  that  the 
Post  office  laws  were  in  a  course  of  con- 
solidation. 

On  the  motion  of  the  Chancellor  of  the 
Exchequer,  the  House  resolved  itself  into  m 
committee  on  the  Stamp  Duties  Acts. — 
The  right  hon.  gent,  then  moved  a  resolu- 
tion repealing  all  the  existing  Stamp  Acts, 
and  enacting  in  their  stead  the  duties  con* 
tained  in  a  schedule  which  he  handed  to  the 
chairman.— 'The  resolution  was  agreed  to. 

On  the  motion  of  the  Chancellor  of  the 
Exchequer,  the  House  resolved  itself  into  a 
committee  on  the  Tobacco  Duties.  In  the 
committee  the  right  hon.  gent,  proposed  to 
repeal  the  Acts  prohibiting  the  growth  of 
tobacco  in  Ireland,  and  to  enact  in  their 
stead  a  resolution  permitting  the  growth  of 
tobacco  in  every  part  of  Great  Britain  and 
Ireland,  and  rendering  it  liable  to  certain 
duties. — After  some  conversation  between 
Mr.  Hume,  Mr.  P.  Thomson,  Mr.  'Rice,  and 
other  members,  the  resolution  was  agreed  to. 

April  8.  Mr.  Calcrqft  moved  for  leave  to 
bring  in  a  bill  for  throwing  open  the  Beer 
Trade.  The  bill  provided  that  any  person 
in  London  might,  on  going  to  the  clerk  of 
the  excise  office,  obtain  a  license  to  retail 
beer,  on  the  payment  of  two  guineas,  ami 
that  those  resident  in  the  country,  on  ap- 
plication to  the  collector  or  supervisor  of  the 
town,  should  also  be  entitled  to  a  licence, 
on  payment  of  the  like  sum.— -Mr.  Barclay 
only  wished  to  take  the  opportunity  of 
pointing  out  the  necessity  of  some  measnre 


1830*]*       Proceedingt  in  Parliament, -^Domatic  Occurrences.         369. 


being  tdopted  to  compensate  tbote  ptngiH 
who  nad  uoutet  of  their  owo,  or  what  wer* 
termed  free  houses,  and  of  puhlicans  in  the 
country  — Mr.  AT.  Calvert  taid^  that  the  bill 
would  prove  more  destructive  to  property 
oo  a  Urge  scale,  and  more  diffusive  of  ruin 
to  persons  nut  so  wealthy,  than  anv  mea- 
sure which  the  house  had  ever  adopted.— '«^ir 


J,  Sebright  miiataiiied  tlmt  tbt  exbtiag  ty^ 
tem  of  licensing  was  an  intolarable  tax  opoa 
tha  conununity.  He  h^l^ly  approved  of  th« 
ohjecu  of  the  bUU^'Die  motion  waa  Uma 
put  and  carried. 

The  two  Houses  adjoomed  for  the  Eaater 
holidays,  to  Monday  tha  ftfith  April. 


DOMESTIC    OCCURRENCES. 


INTELLIGENCE  FROM  VARIOUS 
PARTS  OF  THE  COUNTRY. 

Feb.  19.  Tht  Scarborough  MuKum  mMA 
ofiened  for  the  purpose  of  Lectures,  when 
one  on  Astronn.ny  was  delivered  by  Mr. 
Cole,  who  announced  another  on  architec- 
ture in  general,  with  a  particular  reference 
to  the  ancient  existing  reiuaios,  as  well  as 
the  modem  erections  of  Scarborough. 

The  Newcastle  and  Carlide  Railway  has 
commenced  by  the  laying  of  the  6rst  stone  of 
the  intended  bridge  from  Wetberal  to  Corby, 
across  the  river  Eden,  near  to  Corby  Castle. 
The  edifice  when  completed  will  be  a  rooet 
stupendous  piece  of  workmanship.  It  will 
consist  of  nve  arches  i  and  the  viadoct  or 
carriage  road  will  be  no  less  than  96  feet 
above  the  bed  of  the  Eden.     About  a  fifth 

Iwrt  of  the  quantity  of  stone  used  in  Water- 
oo  Bridge,  will  be  required  for  this. 

Anril  S.  At  Kirigston  Assizes,  Lieut.  R. 
W.  Lambrecht,  the  principal  in  a  duel  fought 
in  Battersca  fields  {  F.  Cox,  his  second ;  and 
H.  Rigley,  second  of  the  deceased  ;  were 
tried  for  the  murder  of  Mr.  O.  Clayton,  the 
uofurtunate  victim  of  this  rencontre.  The 
Judge,  in  summing  up,  declared  all  the  par- 


ties to  be  guilty  of  murder. — ^The  Jury  in- 

2uired  of  his  lordship  whether  they  eonld 
nd  a  verdict  of  guilty  of  any  other  crime 


(ban  murder  ?  Mr.  Justice  Bay  ley  replied  in 
the  negative,  as  there  was  no  circumstance  in 
the  cape  which  rendered  it  possible  that  the 
offence  could  be  reduced  to  manslaughter. — 
The  Jury,  after  an  absence  of  three  hours, 
returned  a  verdict  of  Not  Guilty  with  respect 
to  all  the  prisoners.  Mr.  Justice  Bayley  said, 
he  hoped  that  when  persons  were  called  out 
to  act  in  the  character  of  seconds,  they  would 
feel  it  their  boonden  duty  to  do  every  thing 
in  their  power  to  prevent  a  conflict. — Since 
this  unfortunate  affair,  Lambrecht  has  been 
wandering  about  the  streets,  as  an  outcast 
from  society^  in  the  utmost  state  of  desti- 
tution. 

jtpril  i9.  At  ffTtrminsler,  the  foundation 
stones  of  two  buildings,  a  new  church,  and 
a  new  town-hall,  were  laid  thb  day,  with 
great  ceremony.  Tht  church  is  intended 
principally  for  the  accommodation  of  the 
poor.  Uwilliiold  760  persons.  Four-fifUis 
of  the  nfcrior,  including  the  largest  and 
best  portion  of  the  nrta,  are  reservra  in  free 


sittings  for  ever.  The  necessary  funds  bavn 
been  supplied,  partly  by  a  grant  of  the  Par- 
liamentary Commissioners,  and  partly  ^  n 
very  liberal  valunttry  subscription.  Tbn 
Bishop  of  the  Diocese,  the  Marquis  of  Bath» 
Sir  J.  D.  Astley,  M.  P.  W.  Temple,  Esq. 
and  the  Rev.  J.  M.  Rogers,  are  aroon^  the 

Principal  contributors,  llie  style  of  thn 
uilding  is  Gothic,  with  a  tower.  Thn 
town-hall  is  to  be  erected  (after  a  design  of 
Mr.  Blore's)  in  that  style  of  civic  and  do* 
mestic  architecture  wliicb  prevailed  in  tbo 
reigns  of  Elizabeth  and  James  I.  and  of 
which  Longleat  House  is  a  noble  specimen. 
It  will  contain  spacious  courts  for  the  admi- 
nistration of  justice  at  the  quarter  tesaioM 
for  the  county,  with  convenient  aparUnenta 
for  all  the  officers  of  the  law. 

LONDON  AND  ITS  VICINITY. 
The  St.  Katharine**  Dock  Company  ha,t9» 
at  a  great  expense,  appropriated  a  spaoiona 
wharf,  possessing  about  170  feet  riverfront- 
age,  adjoining  the  dock  entrance,  to  the  pur- 
poses of  steam  vessels.  When  the  tide  it 
down,  the  passengers  embark  from  an  inter- 
mediate platform  constructed  in  the  firont  of 
the  wlutrf,  which  platform  is  160  feet  la 
length  and  14  feet  wide,  communicating 
with  the  wharf  by  two  handsome  and  com- 
modious stairs,  protected  by  iron  railingiy 
aud  to  which  it  is  intended  to  fix  foor  drop 
stages,  which,  bv  means  of  machinery,  com- 
municate with  the  deck  of  the  vessel,  ac- 
cording to  the  state  of  the  tide.  In  thi 
centre  of  the  wharf  a  strong  drop-bridge  of 
40  feet  in  lengthy  and  9  feet  wide,  has  been 
erected,  the  drop  being  suspended  by  chains 
and  iron  plates,  worked  by  macbinery*  by 
which,  and  with  tlie  greatest  ^cility,  tht 
bridge  mav  be  lowered  or  raised  to  anit  Uie 
deck  of  the  vessel  according  to  the  statn  of 
the  tide.  The  bridge  is  intended  to  be  otad 
principally  for  the  landing  or  shipping  of 
caniages,  horses,  cattle.  Sic.  without  tbo 
use  ofcranes ;  and  whenever  the  intennedi- 
ate  platform,  from  the  state  of  the  tide,  oaa- 
not  be  resorted  to»  the  bridge,  with  the  ad- 
dition of  accommodation-bdidersy  wiU  be 
employed  for  the  convenient  landiitf  or  om- 
barking  of  passengers.  Two  brick  bnikfiMS 
are  erecting  at  each  end  of  the  wharfy  wnien 
will  aftnd  separate  places  of  deposit  for  bag- 


360 


Domestic  Occurrences. 


[April, 


gage,  &c.  landed  from  atetm  vestals  arriTing 
foreign,  as  diitinguiihed  from  baggage,  &c. 
landed  from  river  or  coasting  boats ;  and 
convenient  waiting-rooms,  with  offices,  &c. 
will  be  prepared  for  the  use  of  passengers 
frequenting  the  wharf,  the  platforms  of 
which  will  be  well  lighted  with  gas  for  the 
safety  of  passengers  arriving  after  dark. 

The  Deptford  Dock-yard  establishment 
is  nearly  broken  up.  Most  of  the  artisans 
and  petty  officers  have  been  discharged  or 
superannuated,  with  the  exception  of  about 
150,  who  have  been  drafted  into  the  other 
dock-yards.  The  extensive  range  of  build- 
ings forming  the  left  side  of  the  yard  are 
now  occupied  by  a  strong  body  of  marines. 
Deptford  is,  however,  to  be  the  rendezvous 
for  the  royal  yachts,  and  will  still  be  used  as 
a  receiving  and  store-yard  for  the  navy. 
This  dock  was  one  of  the  earliest  esta- 
blished in  England,  and  is  the  scene  of  many 
remarkable  events.  It  was  formed  by  Henry 
VIII.  at  the  commencement  of  his  reign, 
who  erected  a  storehouse  for  the  royal  navy. 
In  1 5 1 5  Sir  Thomas  Spert,  commander  of 
the  great  ship  Henry  Grace  Dieuy  here 
founded  the  patriotic  and  benevolent  Trinity 
Society.  Queen  Elizabeth,  in  1581,  visited 
Drake  at  Deptford,  after  his  return  from  his 
first  voyage  round  the  world,  and  conferred 
on  him  the  honour  of  knighthood.  In  1698 
Peter  the  Great  of  Russia  worked  in  the 
dockryard  as  a  shipwright.  It  consists  of 
two  wet  docks,  one  two  acres  in  extent,  the 
other  one  and  a  half;  with  all  the  requisite 
ont-buildings  and  storehouses  for  a  great 
naval  arsenal.  Vessels  of  minor  class,  as 
small  l&igatcs,  sloops  of  war,  and  bomb- 
ships,  have  been  constructed  here,  though 
many  stately  vessels  have  issued  from  its 
slips,  amongst  which  are  the  Windsor-castle 
and  Neptune,  of  90  guns  each  ;  the  Bom- 
bay, 74 ;  and  the  Queen  Charlotte,  110. 
These  alterations  and  removals  which  we 
have  stated  have  already  caused  a  material 
depression  in  trade  along  the  banks  of  the 
river, 

April  14. — ^Twelve  young  men  of  the 
Jewish  persuasion  renounced  the  doctrines 
of  their  forefathers,  and  were  baptized  at 
St.  James's  church.  The  ceremony  was 
performed  by  the  Bishop  of  London,  after 
the  rector  had  gone  through  the  morning 
service  to  the  second  lesson.  Amongst 
those  who  stood  as  godfathers  for  the  young 
men,  were,  Henry  Drummond,  esq.  and 
—-^  Simeon,  esq.,  of  Cambridge.  The 
Bishop  had  previously  examined  the  candi- 
dates himselir,  and  found  them  sufficiently 
instructed  in  the  principles  of  the  Christian 
religion. 

AprU  19. — A  fire  broke  out  at  Mr. 
Grant's,  baker,  84,  Fetter- lane,  Holborn, 
destroying  that  and  the  houses  on  each  side. 
The  three  houses  being  occupied  by  lodgers, 
the  greatest  alarm  was  fslt  for  the  inmates, 


who  were  principally  saved  by  the  ezertionv 
of  the  police-men,  who  promptly  procured 
ladders,  and  relieved  them  from  tneir  ha- 
zardous situation;  but  notwithstanding  all 
their  exertions,  four  women  and  a  boy  pe- 
rished in  the  flames;  and  another  person 
who  was  severely  burnt  has  since  died  in  the 
Infirmary. 

April  20. — In  the  Court  of  King's  Bench, 
an  important  case  was  decided,  as  respecta 
the  property  of  Mr.  Grindall,  an  elderly 
gentleman,  whose  forcible  detention  by  his 
nephews,  in  1 827,  under  the  plea  of  insa- 
nity, excited  some  notoriety  at  the  time. 
In  consequence  of  the  ill  usage  he  had  re- 
ceived on  that  occasion,  he  determined  on 
disinheriting  his  nephews,  and  his  whole 
property,  (with  a  trifling  exception]  consist- 
ing of  about  200,000Z.,  was  lef^  by  will  to 
Capt.  Sturt,  R.N.  of  Kensington,  where 
the  old  gentleman  had  latterly  resided,  and 
who  had  in  consequence  assumed  the  name 
of  Grindall.  This  was  an  action  of  eject* 
ment  brought  by  the  nephew  C.£.  Grindall, 
to  try  the  right  of  Capt.  Sturt  to  cerUin 
premises,  under  the  plea  that  his  uncle  waa 
msane,  and  at  the  time  incapable  of  making 
a  will.  The  trial  lasted  two  days,  and  the 
jury  gave  a  verdict  in  favour  of  the  defendant. 

April  J2. — ^The  fif^y-sixth  anniversary  of 
the  Royal  Humane  Society  was  celebrated 
at  the  City  of  London  Tavern,  Mr.  Justice 
Gaselee  in  the  chair.  About  150  gentle- 
men sat  down  to  a  very  excellent  dinner. 
Amongst  the  company  were  Sir  G.  Staun- 
ton, Sir  John  Sewell,  Colonel  Clltheroep  T. 
Curtis,  esq.  Bank  director,  Mr.  Aid.  Atkins, 
&c.  The  most  interesting  circumstance  <^ 
the  evening  was  the  exhibition  in  the  room 
of  a  number  of  persons,  men,  women,  and 
children,  who  had  been  rescued,  since  last 
meeting,  from  watery  graves.  Afier  their 
procession  round  the  room,  Mr.  Justice 
Gaselee,  with  suitable  addresses,  presented 
several  medallions  to  dI£Ferent  individuala 
who  had  successfully  exerted  themselves, 
and  even  risked  their  own  lives,  for  the  pre- 
servation of  their  fellow- creatures,  llie 
amount  of  the  evening's  subscription  was 
stated  to  be  about  650/. 


THEATRICAL  REGISTER. 
CovENT  Garden. 
April  13.  The  subject  of  the  Easter  me- 
lodrama was  Cooper's  novel  of  The  Pioneers, 
Illustrative  of  the  struggles  of  the  Settlers  to 
expel  the  Indian  tribes.  The  scenery  was 
beautiful  and  picturesque. 

Drurt  Lane. 
April  12.  The  Easter  pageant  was  The 
DragwCs  Gift;  or,  the  Scarf  qf  Flight  and 
the  Mirror  of  Light,  The  incidents  m 
supposed  to  take  place  in  China,  a  region 
fertile  in  materials  for  spectacle. 


l«3a]  [    361     ] 

PROMOTIONS    AND    PREFERMENTS. 


Gazettk  Promotionb. 

Mmrck  f  0.  Aunt  £wrU»  «4  Holtoa-iMurk, 
eo.  Oifordy  wUov  of  Ttmotby  Hv  £m1o» 
••q.  to  ukt  and  um  tho  ftoroAiBe  of  Bitoot* 

M^rch  9«.  Sir  Heory  Rick.  Bc<liMfeld, 
B«rt.  to  tako  mmI  uw  the  mmwiM  of  ratoa 
Uforc  tku  of  IWdingfiiia,  aad  boor  tbo  AnM 
of  PmIoo  qnortcrljy  in  the  tccoDd  quortery 
with  hii  owD  &milY  orait. 

jIptU  7.  Tbo  buko  of  Gorckw  to  ho  o£ 
his  Mi^Mty's  Most  Hiio.  Privy  OMiaeil  } 
Vise.  Qivo  to  bo  Lord  Lioot.  of  tho  eooaty 
of  M<Mitp>merj ;  ood  John  Gurdoo,  of  At* 
•ioirtiMi,  Mq.  to  be  Sheriff  of  Suffulk. 

jlpnl  10.  The  Duke  of  Wdliogton,  tho 
the  H00.H.  Goulbam,  Lord  Granville  CH. 
Sooiertet,  Lord  Eliot,  Geo.  Bonket,  etq. 
and  £dm.  Alex.  M*Nai^hten,  eaq.  to  bo 
Cnaimiiaiooert  for  executini;  the  oflieet  of 
Treasurer  of  the  Exchequer  of  Great  Britain 
aod  Lord  High  Treasurer  of  Ireland. 

Membert  returned  A>  §ene  in  Parliawtent, 
Corfe  Cosf/e— >Geo.  Bankes,  eso.  re-elect. 
Cori:— Dao.CallaghaOy  etq.  riceG.Callagl^. 
Dorehetter — Henry  Charles  Sturt>  esq.  vice 

Cof  *per. 
Hjfthe — John  Loch.  esq.  vice  FarquW. 
E<ui  Leoe  —Henry  Hope,  esq. 

Ecclhustical  PainiiMiim. 

Right  Rev.  Dr.  BethelK  to  be  Bp.  of  Eaeter. 
Rev.  Dr.  Barrow,  Arohd.  of  Notts. 
Rev.  J.  S.  Cocks,  Preb.  in  SalUhary  Cath. 
Rev.  Dr.  Hawes,  Preb.  in  SalUbury  Cath. 
Rev.  J.  Wilson,  Chanwllor  of  Lt^hlin. 


Rev.  T.  Brereinn,  Stoepio  MordMi  V.  eo. 

Cambridge. 
Rev.  J.  £.  Commbs»  N.  Sboobofy  V.  EMts. 
Rev.  G.  Dison,  Cold  Klik^  and  Kirk^ln 

P.C.  CO.  Yoik. 
Rev.  H.  B.  Domvile,  Penoombe  V.  Htreft 
Rev.  E.  H.  B.  Esteourt,  Great  WoUbcd  V. 

eo.  Warwick. 
Rev.  C.  W.  Eyre,  Babvorth  R.  Notts. 
Rev.  P.  Felix,  Easton  Neston  with  Hnb- 

cote  V.  CO.  Northampton. 
Rev.  P.  Fairbom,  Cborch  of  N.  Ronaldshay* 

Presbytery  of  NorUi  Isles. 
Rev.  W.  Firth,  Letcomb  Bassett  R.  Borka. 
Rev.  C.  Goring,  Twineham  R.  Sussex. 
Rev.  W.H.Greene,  Steppingley  R.  eo.  Beds. 
Rev.  J.  C.  Hall,  Offham  R.  J^nt. 
Rev.  C.  Henley,  Rendlesham  R.  Norft>lk. 
Rev.  C.Holloway,  Sunford  Diosly  R.  Berki. 
Rev.  A.  Irvine,  St.  Margaret's  V.  Leieetter. 
Rev.  H.  Jenkins,  Sun  way  R.  Essex. 
Rev.  J.  F.  Jones,  Gwemesney  R.  Moom. 
Rev.  P.  C.  Law,  Nortlirepps  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  C.  Mason,  Bramfield  V.  Suffolk. 
Rev.  H.  Moule,  Box  V.  Wilts. 
Rev.  J.  D.  Ness,  Morthoe  V.  Devon. 
Rev.  C.Reynolds,  Brandon  Parva  R.  Norlbft. 
Rev.  H.Roie,  Brington  R.  co.  Northsmpioa. 
Rev.  J.  Rowlandaon,  Mansergh  P.  C^  eob 

Westmoreland. 
Rev.  RShersonpYaverlandR.  Isleof  WMt. 
Rev.  M.R.  SonthweO,  Stiteepbens  V.  Htrta. 
Hon.  and  Rev.  A.  A.  Tumoitr,  Little Meltoa 

V.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  E.  Walford,  Dalfinghoe  R.  SoMk. 
Rev.  J.Atkhisoo,Chap.  to  Earl  MexborovdL 
Rev.  W.  Cooper,  Chap,  in  ordinary  to  tte 

King. 


BIRTHS. 


Dec,  14,  1899.  AtBombay,  the  Iad;|r  of 
the  Hon.  Sir  W.  Seymour,  a  son  and  hoir. 

Mareh  16.  In  Wh'iuhall-pkMse,  the  bdy 
of  Sir  C1ias.  Wetherell,  M.  P.  a  son  and 
heir.— 18.  At  Nash  Court,  Dowet,  the 
wifo  of  John  Hussey,  esq  n  dao.  <1. 
Lady  Antrohus,  a  too.  85.  At  Chatham, 
the  wife  of  Licut.*Col.  Paslow,  Roval  Engi- 
neers, a  son.         gg.  At  Thurslord-hall,Nor- 

folk,  the  Lady  Cath.  Boilenn,  n  son. 97. 

In  Portland-place,  the  wife  of  J.  Wigrau, 
esq.  a  dan  —98.  At  her  fother's,  in  De- 
vonshire-place, the  wifo  of  Major  Dash  wood, 
a  son.  8 1 .  At  Hitho-hoose,  Oxon,  the 
Lady  Louisa  Shuer,  a  son  and  heir.  At 
Martyr  Worthy,  the  lady  of  the  Rev.  Sir 
Henry  Rivers,  Bart,  a  dan. 

Ajnil  3.  At  Jersey,  the  kuiy  of  Col.  J.Vic^, 

E.I.C.  a  son. At  KiddiMtoo,  Oxf.  Mrs. 

<«eo.  Meaty n,  a  son.  The  Isidy  of  CoL 
Leslie,  Upper  Harley -street,  a  dau.  4. 
At  Grove  Home,  Ckpham,  the  lady  of  the 
Hon.  and  Rev.  W.L.  AdiKngton,  a  ton. 
i*.  At  the  Grotto,  near  Readmg,  Hon.  Mrs. 
(iCNT.  Mso.  /fpriV,  I  H.JO. 

10 


Arthur  Thelloson,  a  dao.        7.  le  Groete- 
nor-sq  » the  Right  Hob.  Lady  Harriet  8ca- 

EltOB,  a  dan.^— 8.  At  ColeortoB-haU» 
ticcstershire,  the  lady  of  Sir  Geo.  Bea«- 
moot,  Bart.  High  Sheriff  for  the  eonn^,  e 
son. 18.   At  Bnthfield-honse,  Staflofd- 


shire,  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Newton  Lane,  a 

At  Canterbury,  the  wife  of  Capt. 

too,  5th  Dragoon  Guards,  a  son  and  beir- 

At  Fnlham,  the  hMly  of  the  Bbhop  ef 

London,  a  dau.— -16.  At  Englefidd-GreeBt 
the  wile  of  Lieut. -Col.  Salwery,  n  sea  tad 

heir. 17.  At  Finabwy-eqaare,  the  vlfii 

of  Henry  Treaeher,  eeq.  a  dan^  18.  At 
Richmond,  the  Lady  Jane  Levrenee  FWI,  n 

ton ^At  Brighton,  the  vlfo  of  Rev.  IL 

Walpole,  a  son. 19.  The  wilb  of  Frier 

Hefketh,  es<|.  of  Roesnil-holl,  Laneashin^ 
H  igh  Sheriff  of  thu  eo— w,  n  soa  and  heir. 
«— At  Morton  College,  &ford,  the  L«d^ 
Carmiehael  Anstmther,  adao.— — f  1.  Ai  tM 


house  of  the  Hoa.  Geor;^  Agar  SOis,  MJ^ 
Spriajr  QardcM,  the  Lndy 
ir  EnU,  n 


Agar 


t.3)?8    ] 


CAprt,. 


MARRIAGES. 


Mareh  16.  At  Ipiwich,  Edm.  ^^nettoiit 
esq.  of  Qt€B%  YanaoQih,  to  HanBth,  Mcond 
«ku.  of  tho  late  John  Fmt,  m.  of  Cova-hall, 
Suffolk^ — -At  EdiDburgh,  Willwm  Forbes 
Mwkeniie,  esq.  of  Portnore,  to  HeUn  AoDe, 
•Mctt  daughter  of  Sir  Jamee  Mootgonery, 

Bart.  M.P: 98.   At  St.  George's  Ha- 

ii(>«er-square«  Otorge,  son  of  Sir  Robert 
Wigram,  of  Wexford  to  FaBD/i  dan.  of  Mr. 
and  Lady  Theodoiia  Bligh,  niece  to  the 
Marquis  of  Loodondernr.—- — 85.  The  Rev. 
£dw.  Afea,  Chaplain  of  hit  Majesty's  Lega- 
tion at  Copenhagen,  to  Ann  ISIiz.  dau.  of 
Aflchael  Sharp,  tiq.  of  Everett- street,  Rus- 
seil-sq.  87.  Ac  Merriott,  Som.,  Edward, 
eldest'sonof  lateE.  Whitley,  D.D.  to  Char- 
lotte, daughter  of  late  J.  Roche,  esq.  of 
Glaitonbury.— — -At  Fairlight,  Sussex,  Thos. 
Johostoo  liaTton,  esq.  of  ^ttle  Abl>ey»  to 
Frances,  second  dau.  of  late  Edw.  Morris, 
esq.  Master  in  Chancery,  acd  erand-dau.  of 
IsU  Lord  Erskinetp— 89.  At  Brighton, 
Capt.  Stanhope,  R.N.  only  son  of  late  Geo. 
the  Hon.  Fitsroy  S.,  to  Elix.  Rosamond, 
eldest  daa.  of  J«ines  Ward,  esq.  of  Willey- 
place,  Surrey.— —ao.  At  Bath,  Lieut.-Col. 
bellingham  John  Smith,  eldest  son  of  late 
Majof-Gen.  John  Smith,  to  Priscilla  Eliz. 
Newport,  Widow  of  lieiit.-CoL  G.S.Newport, 
and  sister  to  Sir  Bellinffhain  Graham." 
At  Southwell,  Robert  Warrand,  esq.  (late 
of  the  Enniskilling  l)ngoons,)  to  Sarah  So- 
phia, yonttgcst  daughter  of  Rev.  W.  Ciaye, 
of  Westhocpe,  Nottinghamsh.— At  Shal- 
focd,  Somy,  John  Sparkos,  esq.  of  Gosden 
House,  to  Einina,  tmrd  dau.  of  late  James 
More  Molyneux,  esq. -of  Loseley  Park,  Sur- 
rey.-—i^^dl.  At  St.  Psncras  Church,  Wm. 
Roope  Ilbert,  eso.  of  Hors well- house,  De- 
von, to  Augusta  Jane,  second  dau.  of  James 
Som^rville  Fownes,  es«k  Qf  Mecklenlx-sq. 

Laieii^,  At  Thenforoy  John  Morris,  esq. 
dF  Ross  Hall,  Shropshire,  to  Julia,  youngest 
dan.  oi  Samuel  Amy  Sevnne»  esq.  At  St. 
C|(Kii^e's,  Hanover-eq.,  Lord  Henry  Thynne, 
second  too  of  the  Marquis  of  Bath,  to  Har- 
riet, dau.  of  Alex.  Baring,  esq.  M.P. At 

Edinburgh,  Thoe.  youngest  son  of  the  late 
Sir  John  Leslie,  Bart,  of  Findrassie  and 
V'aides,  N.B.  to  Penuel,  eldest  dau.  of  Capt. 
Grant,  late  78th  Higfalandars. 

jipril «.  At  DubUn,  Sir  R.  Gore  Booth, 
Bart^  of  Lissadell,  co.  Sliio,  to  Caroline- 
Sjisan,  second  dau.  of  Mr.  oerg.  Goold. 
S.  At  Brightoo,  FVed.  Bream  Gbsspoole, 
eea.  M.D.  to  Mary-Georsiana,  oqIv  dau.  of 
Coioarl  MacdonaM.  At  St.  Georae's, 
Bloomsbory,  Clement,  youngest  son  of  W. 
Wigney,  esq.  of  Brighton,  to  Harri«tt-So- 
pliia,  da|L  of  S.  N.  C«wley»  esq.  of  RmsscII- 
amiare.— At  St.  George's  Haaovtr-eqaare, 
Hence  Twisa,  ticu  M!p.  Under  SaeraCaiy 
«(  S«iiei  to  Mn.  Onenwoodi  vidov  of  the 
Uti  Hr.  Greenwood,  aa  cmintnt  Romm  mer- 


chant.—At  Aghada,  Major  Taylor,  to 
Lady  Sarah  0'Bryen,dan.  of  the  Marquis  of 

Thomond. 8.     At  Phris,  Samnel-James, 

iFOongest  son  of  the  late  S.  Gambler,  esq.  to 
Maria-Rowlands,   eldest  dau.  of  Capt.  R. 

Money,  R.N.  C.B. 18.     At  the  Earl  of 

Tankerville's,  Grosvenor-square,  Vise.  Fitx- 
Harris,  eldest  son  of  the  Earl  of  Malmesbury, 
to  the  Lady  Emma  Bennet.— At  Hare- 
wood  Chapel,  John  Arkwright,  of  Hamptan 
Court,  Herefordshire,  esq.  fourth  son  of  Ri- 
chard Arkwright,  of  Willersley  Castle,  co. 
Derby,  esq.  to  Sarah,  eldest  dau.  of  Sir 

Hungerford  H  oskyns,  Bart 1 4.  At  Har- 

bourne,  the  Rev.  Adolphus  Hopkins,  vicar 
of  Clent,  CO.  Stafford,  to  Sarah,  second  dau. 
of  Geo.  Bacchus,  esq.  of  Smethwick  Grove. 
'  16.  At  St.  Plsncras  Church,  Lewis 
Heosley,  esq.  of  Great  James-street,  Bed- 
ford-row, to  Eliza,  only  dau.  of  the  Uto 
Lieut.CoI. De Morgan,  E.LC.  '  At  Streat- 
ham,  Francis  Bligh  Hookey,  esq.  of  Bslhsm, 
to  Mary  Ann,  second  dau.  of  Adam  Oldham, 
esq.  of  Upper  Tooting.  ■  At  Dedham,  W. 
Stebbing  badler,  esq.  only  son  of  the  Rev. 
W.  Sadler,  of  Great  Horkesley,  to  Mary, 
relict  of  the  Rev.  John  Jowett  Stevens,  of 

Norwich. At.   St.    George's   Church, 

Hanover-square,  the  Rev.  Earn.  H.  Buck- 
nail  Estcourt,  son  of  T.  G.  Bucknall  Est- 
court,  esq.  M.P.  to  Anne  Eliz.  youoeest  dau. 
of  the  late  Sir  John  Johnstone,  Bart,  of 
Westerhall,  co.  Dumfries.  At  Westbory* 
CO.  Wilts,  Capt.  Porter,  eth  Carabineers, 
youneest  son  of  Dr.  Porter,  late  Bishop  of 
Clogher,  to  Eliz.-Gibbe,  second  dau.  of  tha 
late  Abraham  Ludlow,  esq.  of  Heywood- 

House,    Wilts At  Weymouth,  Win. 

Eliot,  esq.  to  Lydia,  dau.  of  the  late  John 
Ffiilliott,  esq.  of  Holybrook,  co.  Sligo. 
At  Perth,  N.B.,  F.  H.  Ramsbotliam,  M.D. 
of  New  Bruad-street,  to  Mary,  eldest  dau. 
of  H.  Lindsay,  esq.  of  P«rth.— 17.  At 
Hanwell,  Wm.  Nichols,  esq.  of  Tavistock- 
place,  Tavistock -square,  to  Jane  Eliz.  eldest 
dau.  of  Martin  Livesey,  esq.  of  Kent-lodge, 

Hanwell. At   High  Ongsr,   W.   Stone 

Lewis,  of  Sussex-place,  Regent's  Park,  esq. 
to  Charlotte  Anne,  second  dau.  of  the  late 
Rev.  Dr.  Edridge,  Rector  of  Shipdham, 
Norfolk.  At  All  Souls,  Marylabonne, 
Mr.  Chss.  Kirkroan,  uf  Mortimer-street,  Ca- 
vendish square,  to  Jane,  dau.  of  the  late 
John  Barnesley,  esq.  of  Twickenham 
19.  At  Bitterley,  co.  Salop,  R.  Bell  Price, 
esq.  to  Sarah,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  John 
Walcot,  and  niece  to  Sir  John  Dashwood 
King,  Bart^  of  West  Wycombe.— -»80.  At 
St.  George's,  Haoover-square,  Henry  Petre, 
of  Dunken  Hall,  esq.  son  of  tlie  Ute  Hon. 
Geo.  Petre,  to  Adela,  dau.  of  Henry  Howard, 

of  Corby  Castle,  esq. At  Headington, 

W.  Gray,  eeq.  of  Magdalen  College,  Oxford, 
to  Maria,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  W.  Oddie. 


18S6.] 


[    363     ] 


OBITUARY, 


Sail  Mbsmimoooii. 

#Mb  8i  Ai  MHhIvy  ^trk,  netr  l>«M, 
niced  68,  the  Ri^ht  Hun.  John  Suvilfl^ 
t^cAnd  E«fi  Mptbonini^,  of  Liffurd,  co. 
l>onec<il,*  Viteuunt  Pdlliii|^tMi  of  l^erni, 
and  Huron  Pulltnftcni|  co.  Longford, 
PI.  K.  I.  A. 

Hit  LorUibip  was  born  April  8,  I  i6f , 
tli«  eklett  ion  of  John  the  flrat  B%rl,  by 
Sarah  tlticr  of  John  Lord  DoUtaI,  and 
■iieccedfd  hit  father  in  hit  lidet  Feb.  fi?, 
1778.  He  married,  Sept.  fiS,  1789.  Eli*- 
■«b«tb,  daughter  and  ■«>le  hi* irete  of  John 
ScephenM>n,  of  RaM  Buniham,  in  Buclc- 
infhanithire,  eiq.  and  by  that  lady,  who 
died  June7i  1891,  had  one  ton  and  two 
daughien:  L  the  Right  Hun.  John  now 
Earl  MestKirough,  and  late  M.  P.  for 
Pofltefraei  ;  he  married  in  1807  Lady 
AnneYorke,  eldeit  daughter  of  Philip 
third  and  preaent  Earl  of  Hardwicko, 
K.  G.  and  bat  tix  tont  and  a  daughter  i 
S.  the  Rirbt  Hun.  Slarah  Eliiabcth  Coun- 
tett  of  Warwlvkt  and  oioiher  of  Lord 
Montnn  ;  married  Ant  in  1807  to  John 
George  Iburtb  and  lata  Lord  Monton, 
and  fecondly  In  1816  to  Richard  Henry 
third  and  preMnt  Earl  Brooke  and  War> 
wick,  K.T.  I  3.  Lady  Elita,  who  died  at 
the  age  of  five  in  179-*. 

Tho  remaifit  of  the  Earl  wert  in- 
terred in  the  family  vault  of  the  Savllet 
at  Methley.  Hit  Lordthipt  by  will,  ex- 
eeutrd  tume  yean  tincc,  bat  bequeathed 
the  whule  of  hit  real  and  pertonal  pro* 
peny,  with  tome  t light  except iont«  to 
nit  only  ton  and  ttteecttor»  tbe  prctent 
BarL 


*  The  SAvilet  arc  a  Yorktkire  family, 
unconnfrted  with  Irelaud  :  to,  wlien  Sir 
Juhn  Savile  wa«  rai«ed  to  hit  Iriih— or 
nominal — pcTAge,  hit  object  wai  to  take 
an  En|[ltih  title,  fn>m  Mc^Xborough  in 
Yorkshire,  and  the  ityle  U  correctly  Earl 
Mcxborough,  at  above  written,  tb<iugh 
in  mutt  modern  auihuritiet  it  it  printed 
Earl  of  Mrxborongh,  whith  maket  it 
appear  more  like  an  English  earldum. 
In  the  tame  way  tbe  pretcni  rfpretf^nta- 
tive  of  tbe  Tbanet  of  Fife,  though  da- 
riving  hit  title  from  thai  county,  it  (in 
contcquence  of  tbe  Ruyal  prerogative 
of  creating  Scottitb  pccrt  having  been 
ratigncd  at  the  Union)  not  Earl  M  Fife, 
but  only  Earl  Fife  in  the  peerage  of  Ira- 
land,  Some  families  have  attained  a  si- 
milar object  by  oamlnc  their  Ipth  Mats 
after  placet  Id  Eogliua. 


LoiD  HtNiUr  Sevmour. 

Fr*.  &.  At  Norris.  Cattle,  near  Coves, 
in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  aged  83.  the  Rifhl 
Hon.  Lonl  Henry  Seymour.  M.  A.  JuTut 
Clerk  of  tbe  Crown  in  the  King's  Brnc^ 
of  Ireland,  Craner  and  Wharfinger  of 
the  Port  of  Dublin }  uncle  to  the  Mar- 
quis of  Hertford,  to  tbe  Marquis  of 
Drug beda,  to  tbe  late  Marqui*  of  Loik 
donderry  the  Premier,  and  grcit  unde 
to  Lord  Southampton,  Ac.  Ar. 

Lord  Henry  Seymour  was  the  lhir4 
of  the  thirteen  children,  and  the  se- 
cond son,  of  Francis  first  Marquis  of 
Hertford,  K.G.  and  Lady  IsabelU  Pitg- 
roy,  third  and  youngest  dauehter  of 
Charles  9d  Duke  uf  Grafton,  K.  G.  and 
Lady  Henrietta  Somerset,  He  was  edu- 
cated at  Eton,  where  his  talents  were  so 
highly  estimated,  that  the  head- matter 
is  said  to  have  pronounced  him  to  he  of 
rreater  promise  than  hit  school*feUow 
Mr.  Poxt  and  afterwards,  at  Merton 
college,  Oxford,  where  he  was  formerly 
a  fellow,  as  his  nephew,  George  Hamil- 
ton Seymour,  esq.  (son  of  tbe  late  Lotd 
George  Seymour)  is  at  present. 

Whatever  were  his  talents.  Lord  Hen- 
ry's disposition  appears  to  have  been  al- 
ways for  retirement*  His  nest  brother. 
Lord  Robert,  had  sat  in  Parliament  for 
five  and  twenty,  and  his  two  younger 
brothers.  Lord  William  and  Lord  George» 
had  also  both  represented  Orford,  before 
he  was  induced  to  enter  the  House.  He 
tat  for  that  borongh,  together  with  bis 
brother  tbe  late  Marquit,  during  one 
Parliament,  from  1796  to  1809;  and 
then  retired  to  the  I  tie  of  Wight,  wbere 
the  greater  number  of  hit  dAyt  have 
been  spent  in  building  Norrit  Cattle* 
and  laying  out  the  gronndt  of  bit  estate* 
Hit  Lordthip  never  entered  the  roilrried 
ttatei  but  he  has  left  behind  him  a  name 
blooming  with  all  the  rharities  that  dig^ 
nify  our  nature.  Hit  habits  were  ecotib- 
tric,  but  bit  mind  wat  of  tbe  mott  en- 
lightened and  liberal  catt  i  it  was  cha- 
racteriied  by  tl»e  purett  benevolence, 
tbe  mott  generoui  feelings  of  friendship, 
and  tbe  strongest  tympathy  for  misery 
aod  dittrett.  Hit  Lordthip't  remaina 
were  depotitrd  in  bit  parish  church  at 
Whippinghi 


Lord  sbmpill. 

•Am.  95.  At  Boulogne,  aged  7I»  tbd 
Right  Hon.  Hugh  thirteenth  Lord  Seal- 
piU- 

His  Lordship  «u  bom  July  I,  I7M» 
tbe  eldest  son  of  Xobn  the  ttftdlflh  Lofd, 


S64  Sir  T.  fVheler.^Sir  J.  H.  MaxwilL'Sir  J.  Johnson.    [Apid, 


ty  Janet,  only  daughter  and  beireti  of 
-Hugh  Dunlop,  eiq.  of  Biiboptown,  co. 
Renfrew.  He  was  appointed  to  an  En* 
aign*t  commiMion  in  the  3d  Foot-guardt, 
Pec.  34,  1777>  to  a  Lieutenancy  in  1781, 
and  continued  in  that  regiment  until 
1793. 

Hit  Lordship  succeeded  his  father  in 
the  peerage,  Jan.  15,  1782.  He  polled 
twenty-two  TOtes  at  the  election  of  Scot- 
tish Representatire  Peers  in  1806  s  but, 
we  believe,  never  had  a  seat  in  either 
House  of  Parliament.  His  Lordship  mar- 
ried at  LondoDy  .Tan.  S4,  ]7d7i  Miss 
Mellish,  daughter  of  Charles  Mellish,  of 
Ragnal,  co.  Nottingham,  esq.  and  by  that 
lady,  wbo  died  Sept.  16,  1806,  had  two 
sons  and  two  daughters:  1.  the  Right 
Hon.  Selkirk,  now  Lord  Sempill,  born  in 
1788,  and  who  was  formerly  a  Captain 
in  the  Renfrewshire  militia;  2.  the  Hon. 
Francis  Sempill,  who  died  in  Bengal, 
Jan.  3,  1823  {  3.  the  Hon.  Maria-Janet ; 
and  4.  the  Hon.  Sarah. 

Sir  Trevor  Whblrr,  Bart. 

Feb,  4,  At  Woodseat,  Staffordshire, 
suddenly,  after  a  protracted  illness.  Sir 
Trevor  Wheler,  eighth  Baronet,  of  Leam- 
ington Hastang,  co.  Warwick. 

Sir  Trevor  was  the  eldest  son  of  the 
Rev.  Sir  Charles  Wheler,  the  seventh 
Baronet,  a  Prebendary  of  York  and  Vi- 
ciar  of  Leamington  Hastang,  by  Lucy, 
daughter  and  coheiress  of  Sir  John 
Strange,  Master  of  the  Rolls.  Sir  Trevor 
succeeded  his  father  July  IS,  1881.  He 
married  Harriet,  daughter  of  Richard 
Beresford,  of  Ashbourne,  in  Derbyshire, 
esq.  and  had  Issue  two  sons  and  five 
daughters  :  1.  Sir  Trevor  Wheler,  who 
has  succeeded  to  the  baronetcy,  and  is  a 
Major  in  tbe  5th  dragoon-guards ;  he  is 
married  and  has  issue ;  9.  Francis ;  3. 
Harriet;  4.  Lucy,  marrried  May  15, 
1 8S8,  to  James  Molony,  of  Rillanon,  co. 
Clare,  esq.;  5.  Maria;  6.  Charlotte; 
mnd  7*  Agnes. 

Lt.-Gbn.  Sir  J.  H.  Maxwell,  Bt. 

Jan.  89.  Aged  57 >  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir 
John  Shaw  Heron  Maxwell,  fourth  Ba- 
ronet, of  Springkell,  co.  Dumfries. 

He  was  born  June  29, 1778,  the  only 
son  of  Sir  William  Maxwell,  tbe  third 
Baronet,  by  Margaret,  only  daughter 
of  Sir  Michael  Shaw  Stewart,  second 
Baronet,  of  Blackball,  co.  Renfrew.  He 
was  appointed  Major  in  the  83d  light 
dragoons  1795,  Lieutw-Colonel  in  the  ar- 
my I797»  Colonel  1805,  Major-General 
1811,  and  Lieutenant-General  1819. 
He  was  for  many  years  on  the  half-pay 
of  the  83d  dragoons.  Having  married 
Jan.  4,  1808,  Mary,  only  surviving  chlM 
and  heireu  of  Patrick  HeroDi  esq.  of  He- 


ron^  in  the  stewartry  of  Galloway,  M.  P. 
(by  Laihr  Elisabeth  Cochrane,  tbe  eldest 
sister  of  the  present  Earl  of  Dondonald) 
Lieut*- Colonel  Maxwell,  on  tbe  decease 
of  that  gentleman,  in  1803,  assumed  tbt 
additional  surname  and  arms  of  Heron  ; 
he  succeeded  his  father  in  the  Baronetcy 
on  the  4tb  of  March  in  the  foUoiring 
year. 

Sir  John  Heron-Maxwell  bad  five  aons 
and  four  daughters  :  I.  Sir  Patrick,  born 
in  1805,  wbo  has  succeeded  to  tbe  title  ; 
8.  John,  in  the  Royal  Navy  ;  3.  Micbat*!, 
4.  Robert;  5.  Edward  i  6.  Eliaabetb, 
who  was  married  in  1819  to  Sir  James 
Hay  Dalrymple,  the  present  and  second 
Baronet,  of  Glenluce,  co.  Wigton,  and 
died  in  1881;  7.  Margaret;  8.  Jane- 
Stuart  ;  and  9.  Eliaabetb-Catberine. 


Sir  John  Joiinion,  Bart. 

Jan,  4.  At  St.  Mary's,  Montreal,  aged 
88,  the  Hon.  Sir  John  Johnson,  second 
Baronet  (of  Twickenham  in  Middleaex), 
Snperintendant-general  and  Inspector- 
general  of  Indian  Affairs  in  Britiah  North 
America. 

Sir  John  was  the  elder  ion  of  General 
Sir  William  Johnson,  who  went  to  Ame- 
rica under  tbe  patronage  of  bis  uncle  Sir 
Peter  Warren,  K.  B.  and  was  created  a 
Baronet  in  1755  for  his  conduct  in  the 
expedition  against  Crown  Point,  which 
was  under  his  command.  He  died  at  bis 
seat,  Johnson's  Hall,  in  New  York*  ia 
1774,  and  was  aucceiMled  in  hia  title  by 
the  gentleman  now  deeeaaed. 

Sir  John  had  married,  in  the  year 
pertrioua  to  his  father's  death,  Polly, 
daughter  of  John  Wattt»  Esq.  of  New 
York ;  and  by  that  lady  he  bad  ten  aooa 
and  four  daughters;  1.  Anne,  married 
in  1797  to  Lieut.-Col.  Maedonnel,  de- 
puty Quartermaster-general  in  Canada, 
who  died  in  1818;  3.  William,  Lient.- 
Colonel  in  tbe  army ;  he  married  Sarah, 
daughter  of  Stephen  de  Lancey,  Esq., 
and  died  in  1811,  leaving  three  daugh- 
ters, but  no  male  issue ;  3.  John,  who 
died  young ;  4.  Warren»  a  Mijor  In  the 
60th  regiment ;  5.  Catherine,  who  died 
youngs  ^*  ^^'  Adam-Gordon  Johnson, 
born  in  1781,  who  has  succeeded  to  tbe 
Baronetcy ;  7.  John  ;  8.  Christopher, 
who  died  young ;  9.  James-Stepben, 
wbo  was  a  Capt.  88th  foot,  and  slain  at 
the  siege  of  Badajox  in  April  1818;  10. 
Catherine-Maria,  married  in  1805  to 
Major  Gen.  Foord  Bowes,  who  was  slain 
at  the  siege  of  Salamanca  in  Sept.  181 8| 
II.  Robert-Thomas,  Capt.  in  the  lOOrh 
foot,  drowned  In  Canada  1811  )  18. 
Cbarle«-Christopber,  Mi^or  la  the  avfliy, 
married  in  1818  Suaan,  eldest  daoghcor 
of  Rear-Adm.  Edward  Griffith^  of  Norlb- 


183a] 


O«ir0Air>-ilrfm.  Sir  BIM  Umm$. 


brook  Houit^  Haiiiti    18.  Mtrtomiei 
ud,  lA,  AfsbiMd-KMMMdj,  bom  1989. 

AoM.  Sir  Euas  Uarvby*  CCili 

#M.  ia  Ai  RuUt  PMk,  Cbiffwdl, 
agod  71.  Sir  ElUb  Harvojr,  G.  C  B.  Um 
Minior  Adoiiral  of  tbo  Bloo»  KnifbC  ki 
PailMMOi  for  tkt  conoty  ol  Ettts,  Mid 
F.R.8. 

Sir  Eltftb  wu  tbo  last  bmIo  dMcendut 
of  a  fanily  wbkb  ttttled  at  Cbig well  in 
tbe  person  of  Sir  Eliab  Harreyy  brotlior 
to  WillNiiii  Hanr«y,  M.D.  tbe  iminortal 
diieovtrcr  uf  tbe  eireulatioo  of  tbe 
Uood.  Hit  fatber»  William  Harvey.  tMi. 
waa  meoiber  for  Eatea  froai  178S  to 
1797,  and  from  1747  till  bii  deatb  in 
1763.  William  Harvey,  etq.,  elder  bro- 
tber  to  Sir  Eliab*  wai  elected  in  I775» 
bttC  died  in  1779»  at  tbe  a^  of  ibirty- 
Svo.  After  bit  deatbt  tbe  Mib|eet  of  tbit 
memoir  waa  under  tbe  goardiantbip  of 
bit  uncle»  Gen.  Edward  Harvey,  A4|«»- 
tant-feneral  of  tbe  forevt.  Eliab*  an* 
otber  uncle*  waa  a  King't  Conntel*  and 
tome  time  M.  P.  for  Dnnwlrb. 

Mr.  Eliab  Harvey  entered  tbe  naval 
tcrvice  in  1 77 1|  at  a  MidtbipauMi  in  tbe 
William  and  Mary  yaebt  i  and  wat  tbenee 
removed  to  tbe  Orpbeut  frigate*  com- 
manded by  Captain  (afterwardt  Adm.) 
M' Bride.  He  terved  in  tbe  tame  capa- 
city in  tbe  l^nx*  of  10  foot*  at  tbe  Lee- 
ward ItUudt}  and  tubteqoently  witb 
Lord  Howe  in  tbe  Eagle  74*  wbom  be 
Joined  in  1775  on  tbe  coatt  of  Nortb 
America*  at  tbe  eventful  period  of  tbe 
revolt  of  tbe  American  provineet.  Wbiltc 
on  t  bat  tf  ation*  be  waa  oecationally  lent 
to  tbe  Mermaid  and  Liverpool*  and  bad 
tbe  mitlbrtone  to  bo  eatt  away  in  tbt 
latter*  upon  Long  liland.  He  returned 
to  England  witb  Lord  Howe*  Oct.  8S* 
177S*  and  waa  toon  alUr  promoted  to 
tbe  rank  of  Lieutenant.  In  1781*  be 
joined  tbe  Jlolpbin*  of  44  gunt*  on  tbe 
Nortb  Sea  ttation  ;  and  from  tbat  tbip 
be  removed  into  tbe  Fury  at  Spltbead*  a 
few  daya  prior  to  bit  being  made  a  Com- 
mander in  tbe  Otter  brig*  tben  recently 
Uuncbcd*  and  Atiing  at  D^ft>rd.  In 
tbk  vettd*  Capt.  Hervey  wat  employed 
in  the  Nortb  Sea  until  Jan.  1783*  on  tbe 
SOtb  of  whicb  montb  be  wet  advanced 
to  putt  rank  by  ibe  exprett  command  of 
bit  late  Majetty*  but  doet  not  appear  to 
bare  terved  again  afloat  until  ibe  Spa- 
ni«b  armament  in  1790*  wben  be  ob- 
tained tbe  oommand  of  tbe  Hotter  of 
SSguna. 

At  tbe  commeneeomnt  of  tbe  Frencb 
revolotionary  war*  CapC  Harvey  wat 
appointed  to  tbe  Santa  Margaritta*  a 
fioe  frigate*  in  wbicb  bo  terved  at  tbo 
rednctioa  of  Martiniqnt  and  Guadap 
loupe.    In  tbe  autumn  of  1794*  kt  m* 


aiiAndat  tka  Amirmitl— >af  Ln  FeHdte, 
Freneb  flrlfnla»  and  two  cnffrettea,  near 
tbo  PenaiMkt.  Early  m  1796*  ha  f»> 
moved  Into  tkeVnUnat,  of  74  gone  i  and 
on  tbo  I  Itb  of  Angnat  in  tbo  tame  year* 
aalled  for  tbo  WeK  Indiet*  in  company 
with  Vieo^dm.  Sir  Hyde  Parker*  and 
tbe  trade  bound  to  tbat  quarter.  Aftar 
remalniag  tooM  time  at  tbe  Leeward 
Itlandt*  be  proceeded  to  tbe  Jaataien 
ttation*  and  invalided  from  St.  Domingo 
in  1797. 

On  tbe  flret  eatablithment  of  the  Sua 
FenciUet*  in  tbe  tpring  of  1798*  Capt. 
Harvey  wat  encrutted  witb  tbe  com- 
mand of  tbe  Ettea  dittriet*  on  wbiek 
tervi^e  be  continued  about  fifteen  or  tia- 
teen  montbt*  and  tben  received  an  ap- 
pointment to  tbe  Triumph  of  74  guna. 
He  terviHi  witb  tbe  Channel  fleet  during 
tbe  remainder  of  the  wari  and  on  tli# 
renewal  of  hoetilitiet  in  1803,  be  na- 
tumed  the  oommaad  of  the  Tememiio^ 
a  tecond  rate,  in  which  tbip  he  greatly 
ditiinguithed  blmtelf  at  tbe  battle  oif 
Trtfalgar,  Oct.  SI,  1805.  The  Temo- 
raire  wat  tbat  day  tbe  neat  veteel  a-ttera 
of  tbe  Victory*  bearing  Lord  Ntlton'a 
flag*  and  bad  no  lett  than  47  men  killed 
and  76  wounded ;  43  of  her  crew  liko^ 
wite  peritbed  in  the  priaea.  A  few  daya 
after  tbe  battle  Capt.  Harvey  received 
tbo  fidlowing  handaooto  eommonieatien 
from  Nelaon'a  brave  and  worthy  enn* 
ceaetfTs 

<<  Euryalttt*  Oct.  98*  1805. 

*'  My  dear  Sir*  1  eongratolato  yon 
moat  aineerely  on  the  victory  bit  Mn> 
Jetty't  fleet  bat  obtained  over  tbe  en^ 
my*  and  on  the  noble  and  dittinguitbed 
part  tbe  Temeraire  took  in  tbe  battle  { 
nothing  could  be  finer  |  1  have  not 
wordt  in  whicb  1  can  tulReiently  ezpieia 
my  admiration  of  it.  I  hope  to  benr  yon 
are  unhurt  \  and  pray  tend  me  your  re* 
port  of  killed  aiid  wounded*  with  tbn 
oflkeeit'  namet  who  fell  in  tbe  aetlon» 
and  tbe  ttate  of  your  own  tbip,  wbetbiv 
yen  can  get  her  in  a  ttate  to  meet  Om* 
vine,  thouM  be  again  attempt  any  thing; 
1  am*  dear  Sir,  «iltb  great  etteem*  yoor 
faithful  bumble  tervant* 

CtrraaaBT  Colli  nowood.** 

At  the  general  promotion  that  took 
place  on  tM  9tb  of  the  following  mootb» 
in  honour  of  the  victory,  Capt.  Harvay 
wat  advanced  to  the  rank  of  Roai^ 
Admiral)  and  on  tbe  change  of  ndml- 
nbtraiion  in  the  enauing  tpring*  bn 
boitted  bit  flag  on  board  tbe  Tonnant 
of  80  gnna*  hi  tbe  Channel  fleet*  under 
tbe  Olden  of  Earl  8c  Vtoeant.  Pn* 
viotttly  to  bia  tailing  be  attended  thn 
funeral  of  bla  lata  boroie  chief*  and  waa 
not  of  tbo  iuppoftoet  of  the  pall  M  ihaft- 

lotorabla  lolraMMty. 


OBiTVkn.'^JdHh  Harvey^-^Fia-Mm,  Penrose.       tAptil. 


On  tbe  rcitirtaimt  of  BaHSt.'VAncent 
lro«i.tkec(NBBMiii4  of  ttra  .%mn4  fleet, 
bit  Lordihip  addreMed  the  IbllawiD^ 
letter  to  the  Rea^Adllli^al : 

^  Mortimer-Street,  April  93, 1807. 

«« 8ir»«-«I  cannot'  retire  from  tbe  <!oai«> 
nuind  of  tbe  Cbaiiiicl  fleet,  without  e»* 
preuinf;  the  high  lente  1  entertain  of 
the  nbiKcj,  teal,  mnd  perseverance  dls«> 
pUyed  by  you  in  the  command  of  a  de^ 
tached  squadron  during  an  unexampled 
long  cruise  off  the  north  coast  of  Spain  { 
nnd  assuring  you  of  the  esteem  and  re- 
gard with  which  I  have  tbe  honour  to 
be,  8ir,  your  most  obedient  humble  ser^ 
Tant,  St.  Vincent." 

•  Rear>Adm.  Hanrey  continued  to  tenre 
in  the  Channel  fleet  until  tbe  spring  of 

1809,  at  which  period  a  serious  mison* 
derstanding  took  place  between  him  and 
Lord  Gambler,  who  at  that  time  held 
tbe  chief  command.  The  subject  of  our 
memoir  was  in  consequence  brought  to 
trial  by  a  Court  Martial,  a  report  of 
which  will  be  seen  in  our  vol.  lxxix,  p. 
478.  The  sentence  was  that  **th« 
charge  of  using  threatening  language  to 
Lord  Gambler,  as  well  as  speaking  die* 
respectfully  of  bim  to  several  offieerS) 
bad  been  proved,  and  that  Rear-Adroi 
Harvey  should  be  dismissed  hit  Majesty's 
aervicob"  The  character,  however,  of 
both  parties  engaged  in  this  lamentable 
affair,  was  so  nnimpeacbable,  that  n 
veil  was  thrown  over  the  circumstanoe  | 
and  Rear-Adn.  Harvey  was  duly  pro- 
moted to  the   rank    of   Viee-Admiral 

1810,  nominated  a  K.C.  B.  1815,  mad« 
a  full  Admiral  1819,  and  a  G.C.  B.  1895. 

Sir  Eliab  Harvey  first  entered  Parlia- 
ment in  May  1780,  as  a  Burgeis  fot 
Maldon,  on  the  death  of  the  Hon.  Rich-* 
ard  S.  Nassau  ;  he  was  re*chosen  at  the 
general  election  in  that  year,  and  sat 
till  1784.  He  was  elected  a  Venkirer 
of  Walthnro  Forest  on  the  death  of  Sir 
William  Wake,  Ban.  in  1786 1  but  was 
not  again  returned  to  the  House  of 
Commons  until  chosen  for  the  county 
at  the  general  election  in  1803,  when  he 
succeeded  Thomas  B.  Bramston,  esq. 
whose  son  is  now  elected  in  bis  roomk 
Sir  Eliab  has  not,  however,  represented 
Essex  from  that  time  without  interrup- 
tion! he  was  re-elected  in  1806,  and 
1807  :  but  r«»tired  in  1819.  In  1819  and 
1818  John  Archer  Houblon,  e.«q.  was 
returned;  but  in  1890  Sir  Eliab  was 
again  successful,  and  was  re-elected  irt 
1886.  In  bis  political  opinions,  as  de- 
scended from  an  old  Tory  family,  he 
gave  a  steady  but  not  servile  support  to 
the  administrations  of  Mr.  Pitt  and  th« 
lUe  Earl  of  Liverpool  |  but  wat  in  the 
minority  on  the  great  question  of  Ro« 
mtn  Catholic  Emancipatioii. 


Sir  Eliab  Harvvy  married,  hf^  15, 
1784,  Lady  Louisa  Nugent,  yooMg^ 
daujghter  and  coheir  of  Robert  Earl  No- 
gent,  and  aunt  to  tbe  present  Dove  of 
Rockingham  and  Earl  ^fugent.  Hit 
eldest  aon,  Capt.  Harvey,  wat  slain  at 
the  alege  of  Burgos  in  1819;  Wllllanf, 
the  3pounger,  dl^  toon  after  the  com^- 
pletion  of  his  SIst  year,  in.l88S.  Sik 
daughters  survive,  of  whom  the  eldest 
was  married,  Oct.  8,  1804,  to  Willianl 
Lloyd,  of  Aston  in  Shropshire,  efq.'i 
Gcorgiana,  tbe  fourth,  April  79,  I8l(^, 
t«  John  Drommond,  jun.  esq.  banker^ 
and  Emma,  tbe  second,  Feb.  16,  1830, 
only  four  days  before  her  fatbyr^s  death 
(see  p.  170),  to  Col.  William  Comwalira 
-Etistace,  C.  B. 

Tbe  remafnff  of  Sir  Eliab  w«re  de- 
posited on  the  97tb  Feb*  in  tbe  family 
mafoaoleum  at  Hempsted  Chureb,  wherto 
also  repose  those  of  his  great  relative 
tbe  celebrated  Dr.  WilKam  Haftey.  A 
numerous  tenantry,  by  whom  be  waa 
most  highly  reepeeted  and  beiofed  for 
bis  liberality,  preceded  tbe  procession. 
Tbe  carriages  of  Viteount  Maynard, 
the  Lord  Lieutenant  of  ibe  county,  and 
other  neighbouring  gentlemen,  followed 
tbe  coipte. 

Vicb-Admiral  Sir  C.  V.  PsifRosB. 

•/on. ...  At  his  seat,  Etby  St.  Winnoe', 
near  Loatwitblel,  Cornwall,  aged  70,  Sir 
Cbarlet  Vinicombe  P^iruse,  K.  C.  B., 
6.C.M.G.,  and  K.F.M.  Vice-Admlrat 
of  the  White. 

Tbe  family  of  Penrose  it  of  great  an^ 
tlqnity  In  Cornwall,  deriving  Its  nam^ 
from  a  place  to  called,  of  wbich  was 
Richard  Penrose,  who  was  Sheriff  of  the 
county  18  Henry  VIII.  The  subject  of 
this  memoir  is  tbe  second  ton  of  the 
Rev.  John  Penrose,  a  truly  Christian 
and  eloquent  divine,  who  i»as  for  thirty- 
five  years  V'car  of  St.  Gluvies. 

Mr.  C.  V.  Penrose  was  born  June  80, 
1759*  and  placed  in  1779  at  tbe  Royal 
Academy,  Portsmouth ;  from  whence  be 
was  diseharged,  early  in  1775,  into  tb^ 
Levant  frigate,  Capt.  George  Mnrray 
(uncle  to  tbe  present  Duke  of  Atboll), 
under  whom  he  completed  his  time  ai  a 
midshipman,  on  the  Mediterranean, 
Channel,  and  North  Sea  stations  ;  where 
be  assisted  at  the  capture  of  several 
American  and  French  privateen,  to- 
gether with  many  merchantmen. 

In  Aug.  1779>  Mr.  Penrose  i^at  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant ;  and 
shortly  afterwards  be  was  appointed  to 
the  Cleopatra  39,  commanded  by  tbe 
same  excellent  officer ;  ih  which  frigate 
be  witnessed  the  battle  between  Sir 
Hyde  Puker  and  Adm.  ZoutaUy  Avr. 
5,  1781. 


i8sa] 


QBiTVAtr.^yic§'4im.  Sir  C  F.  P^nraUs 


^^^n 

Ml' 


S 


About  n%%  Utuit.  FMrM9  Arte  tav 
i^e  pUo  of  nuBittfAry  tigiuli  on  board  a 
SjvedUb  fricalo*  Tb«M  bad  boon  iiitro- 
dttord  by  Frencb  oAcert  iolo  tbo  Swaditb 
marine,  and  bo  waa  ouieb  strack  with 
tb«ir  GuaiprebeiMi?a  timplieity.  Btinf, 
tban  tciiior  LMUtonant  of  tbe  Cleopatra^ 
and  Capt.  Murray  bavinf  a  iniall  tqua* 
diroo  under  bit  ordert,  Mr.  Penrota,  wkb 
tbal  uAeer*!  approbation,  mada  out  a 
coda  fuClciaat  for  iu  ^uidanoe,  adopianf 
tba  uuBiarary  syttroi.  ioftead  of  tba 
tabular  plaii  of  euperior  aud  infarior 
fUf$,  tben  iu  general  use. 

During  tba  Spaiiiftb  armaoMnt^  lituC. . 
Paurosa  again  served  under  Cape.  Mur- 
rayi  in  tbe  DeCtnca  74 1  aud  at  tbe  con* 
i^Hceaient  of  ibe  Freucb  ravolutiooary 
war*  bo  aeeooipanied  bin  to  tbe  Weat 
liidiaa,  iu  tba  Duka  98 »  wbicb  tbip 
formed  part  of  tl<a  iquadroai  ondar 
Rear*Adin.  Gardners  at  tbe  attack  of 
Martiiiiqtw.  in  June.  1793.  After  bit 
returu  to  Englaud  ba  tucceMiTvly  foil* 
lowed  bia  friend  and  patron  into  tba 
Gluey  90»  aod  Retobitioo  74. 

Ou  tbtt  IStb  ApriU  I7>4»  Capt.  Mar- 
ray  waft  advaiioad  to  c be  rank  of  Rear* 
Adniraft ;  and  at  tbe  taaa  tiaM  bit  pro- 
tegd  waft  prqntoced  to  tlie  aomnaud  uf 
tbe  Lyiis»  a  new  Uoop,  recently  launcbed 
at  Woolwicb.  Captain  Panaoea'ft  poet 
conoMMMMi  bote  data  Got.  7»  1794»  at 
wAkieb  period  ba  was  appointed  ta  tba 
Cleopatra  frigate.  Wbau  ready  lor  sea, 
be  was  sent  tu  Bermuda*  to  eaaesine  tba 
basbonr  and  cbauoel  tbat  luul  been  dis- 
covered by  Lieut.  Tbomas  Hurd  |  and 
for  bis  able  report  tbereon  ba  received 
tbA  tbauks  of  I  be  Admiralty. 

W«  neat  And  Capi.  Proroso  comi- 
n^aodiug  Vice-Adm.  Murray's  flag-sbip, 
tba  Residwtion,  during  tbe  abseoca  of 
Capt.  Francis  PcDder,  tben  acting  aa 
cumaussiooar  at  Bermuda.  Towaidstbe 
laiter  eudof  1796'  be  again  returned  to 
iba  Cleoftatra  i  and  bad  tba  melancboly 
satiafai'iiun  of  conveying  tbe  body  of  bis 
mucb  respaeted  patron  to  £tiglaud,  tbat 
valuable  uAcar  baving  fallen  a  viciin 
to  a  paiialytie  advction.  Gn  bis  passage 
be  captured  rHiroudelie  Freocb  pri* 
vateer,  of  18  guna  and  70  men  ;  many 
of  wbem  were  young  penooa  of  family 
and  fortune,  wbusa  dread  of  being  forced 
into  the  army  as  conscripts,  bad  in- 
duced tbem  to  baaard  tbeir  safety  on 
tba  oecan. 

Capt.  P.*s  neat  appointment  wm,  ear^ 
in  1799,  to  tbe  Sans  Pareil  BO*  tben 
bearing  tbe  flag  of  Lord  Uugb  Seymour, 
but  subsequently  employed  as  a  privata 
sbip  under  Rear-Adak  Pole,  wbom  sba 
j<iiMed  off  Rocbelbrt,  oa  tba.  day  pcavioua 
to  tba  bombardosani  of  ^Spanisb  sqaa* 
dron,   in  Ais    road  ;     but  wbicb   tbat 


Admiral  fo«nd  flmidesi  wlibont  flia^r 
sbipa.  After  tbia  ba  eaaoiaad  a  fleet  at 
mafcbantmen  ta  tbe  Weat  Indies,  whei« 
tbe  Sans  Parvll  again  reealved  tba  flag 
of  Lord  Hogb  Seymoor,  and  wbiob  sbw 
coniiunad  to  boar  till  iba  deoeaaa  off  tbat 
nobleman,  Sept.  II,  1801. 

Captain  Penrose  returned  boma  In  tba 
Canianie  74,  many  of  tba  crew  of  wblah 
sbip  *'  bad  never  set  foot  on  land  fbt 
sia  or  seven  years,  except  in  tbe  dock* 
yard  at  Jamaica."  Wben  paid  off  nt 
Ply  moot  b,  tba  skip's  company,  ezekwivn 
of  commissioaed  and  warrant  oflleaia^' 
reeeivedupwardsuf  39,0001.  wages  t  bnc 
we  question  wbetber  tbey  left  tbat  town 
witb  aa  many  shillings  in  tbeir  poesaa- 
sion,  for  (as  stated  by  Adm.  Pennisa 
in  a  paropbhet  to  be  noticed  bcfleaftar,) 
'*  in  a  few  boors  some,  and  In  a  day  or 
two  many  of  tbese  vabsaUe  men,  wofa 
penniless." 

At  tbe  renewal  of  bostilitiea,  in  1809, 
Capt.  Penrose  accepted  tbe  comaaand  of' 
tbe  Fadatow  district  of  Sea  Fenciblee; 
tba  cflecu  of  a  mi^dii^esM/,  wbicb  ba 
received  pravioua  to  bis  departure  from 
tbe  West  Indies,  remlering  it  neeeaaarjF 
tbat  bf  sbould  coiuiuua  nr  aoma  tiasa 
longer  on  sbere. 

In  tbe  summer  of  1810,  an  eatanalwa- 
flotilla  eatablisbment  waa  ordered  to  bn- 
formed  at  GibraUar,  principally  lor  tba  * 
defence  of  Cadia,  Mid  Capt.  FenroM  waa  - 
appointed  to  tba  cbief  command,  ititb 
tbe  rank  of  Commodore.  Ue  aeooad* 
Ing  repaired  to  tbe  rock,  and  boisted  bia 
broad  pendant  on  board  tbe  San  Joan 
sbaer-bulk,  lying  in  tbe  New  Mole. 
Tbis  flotilla  proved  of  great  utility,  not 
only  at  tba  daience  of  Cadia,  btit  dor* 
ing  tbe  whole  of  the  tiam  that  tba 
Freucb  army  under  Marshal  Sonic  eon« 
tioued  in  the  south  of  Spain. 

Commodore  Penrose  obtained  a  Culo* 
neloy  of  royal  marines,  Aug.  19,  I81fl  | 
and  on  bis  return  from  Gibraltar,  in 
1813,  be  was  appointed  a  joint  commis- 
sioner witb  Raar-Adoh  T.  B.  Martin  and 
Capt.  John  Wain w right,  to  make  a  ra« 
vision  of  tbe  establisbmeMta  for  tba 
equipment  of  ships  of  war  )  in  wbicb  ba 
continued  to  be  employed  till  bis  aiU 
vanceoseot  to  tbe  rank  of  Reai^ Admiral^ 
Dec.  4, 1813*  Previously  to  bis  quitting 
Gibraltar,  tbe  British  marebaiHs  tbeta 
presented  him  witb  a  baudsome  serviea 
of  pUle,  as  a  testimony  of  ibeir  high 
respect,  and  at  an  acknowledgmenc  of 
bis  constant  attention  tu  tbeir  intermts, 
while  commanding  on  tbat  station* 

In  Jan,  1814,  lUar-Adm.  Fanroea  was 
selected  to  command  tba  naval  Ibaea 
f niployed  at  tbe  bottom  of  tba  bagr  of 
Biaeay»  wbara  tba  squadron  faoderad 
efleciual  service,  partictilarly  ia  elaariog 


368 


OBnjJARx'p^Vici'Adm.  Sir  C.  F.  Peikr^se. 


[April, 


tbe  navi^atioD  of  this  Gironde.  fie  re*' 
torned  to  Plymouth  in  tbe  Porcupine  of 
SS  irunsy  and  struck  bit  flaipa  Sept.  19, 
1614 ;  but,  before  tbe  conclusion  of  tbat 
month,  he  was  appointed  oommander- 
iD«chicf  on  tbe  Mediterranean  station, 
to  wliich  be  immediatelj  proceeded,  in 
the  Queen  74. 

.  Durini;  the  war  with  Murat,  in  1815, 
the  Sicilian  navy  was  placed  under  tbe 
orders  of  Rear-Adm.  Penrose,  who  after- 
wards bad  tbe  honour  of  conveying 
Ferdinand  IV.  from  Palermo  to  Melasio, 
Messina,  and  Naples.  On  his  arriral  off 
the  latter  place,  tbe  Kin;  refused  to  f^ 
ashore  in  tbe  royal  bar^e,  saying  he 
would  rather  be  landed  and  reinstated 
by  his  friend  tbe  British  Admiral,  upon 
whom  he  then  conferred  tbe  Grand 
Cross  of  St.  Ferdinand  and  of  Merit, 
preseniini;  bim  at  tbe  same  time  with 
an  enamelled  snuff-bux,  having  his  Ma- 
jesty's portrait  set  in  larg^  diamonds 
upon  the  lid. 

On  tbe  3d  Jan.  1816,  Rear-Adm.  Pen- 
rose was  nominated  a  K.  C.  B. ;  and  in 
March  following,  with  his  flag  in  the 
Bombay  74,  he  accompanied  Lord  Ex- 
mouth  from  Minorca,  upon  an  expedi- 
tion to  Tunis  and  Algiers.  Had  it  then 
been  found  necessary  to  adopt  hostile 
measures  at  the  latter  place,  for  whieh 
the  squadron  was  fully  prepared,  tbe 
same  honorable  station  was  assigned  to 
Sir  Charles  Penrose  which  Lord  Ex- 
mouth  took,  and  so  nobly  maintainedy 
on  tbe  glorious  87tb  Aug.  1816.  Sir 
Charles  was  at  Malta  when  bis  Lordship 
re-entered  tbe  Mediterranean,  for  the 
purp<ise  of  chastising  tbe  barbarians 
should  they  refuse  to  make  reparation 
fur  their  renewed  aggressions.  Hearing 
of  bis  Lordship's  arrival,  and  tbe  object 
of  the  expedition,  he  immediately  sailed 
from  Valette  in  the  Ister  frigate,  Capt. 
Thomas  Forrest  ;  but  arrived  too  late 
to  take  his  share  in  the  attack  upon 
Algiers  ;  which  Lord  Exmouth  particu- 
larly lamented,  as  **  his  services  would 
have  been  desirable  in  every  respect." 
Still,  although  Sir  Charles  had  the  mor- 
tificaiion  to  find  that  tbe  principal  ob- 
ject of  the  expedition  had  been  accom- 
plished without  his  participation,  his 
services,  as  Lord  Exroouth's  represent»- 
tive,  during  the  last  three  days*  nego- 
ciations  with  the  Dey,  were  found  parti- 
cularly useful  ;  and  «  the  pmdience, 
^rmiiess,  and  ability  with  which  he  con- 
tlucted  himself  "  on  that  delicate  occa- 
sion were  highly  praised  by  his  Lordship. 
In  Sept.  1816,  Sir  Charles  Penrose 
once  mure  assumed  the  chief  command 
on  the  Mediterranean  station  i  and 
shortly  afterwards  he  was  pretenttd  by 


Pope  Plus  VII.  with  two  luperb  marhfe 
vases,  in  consideration  of  the  expeditioaf 
and  humane  manner  in  which  the  email- 
ctpated  subjects  of  his  Holiness  weru 
forwarded  to  the  Roman  States. 

Sir  Charles  afterwards  accompanied 
bis  friend  Sir  Thomas  Maitland^  Lord 
High  Commissioner  of  the  Ionian  islandsy 
to  Prevesa,  in  Albania,  where  they  were 
for  several  days  entertained  by  tbe  cele- 
brated All  Pacha,  during  which  time 
business  of  much  importance  was  trans- 
acted. In  Aug.  1817,  being  then  off 
Leghorn,  with  his  flag  on  board  the* 
Albion  74,  Sir  Charles  was  honored  with 
a  visit  by  a  party  of  distinguished  indi- 
viduals, amongst  whom  were  Leopoldina 
Carolina,  the  late  Empress  of  Braiil^ 
who  had  recently  been  married  by  proxy; 
Maria-Louisa,  widow  of  Napoleon  Buo- 
naparte ;  several  others  of  the  Austrian 
Areb-Ducbesses  ;  Leopold  II.  Grand 
Duke  of  Tuscany)  Leopold  Count  of 
Syraciue  ;  Prince  Mettemich,  the  great 
diplomatist;  General  Count  de  Neip- 
perg ;  and  tbe  Portuguese  Adm.  Souaa. 

On  the  97th  April,  1818,  the  Order  of 
St.  Michael  and  St.  George  was  instl- 
toted  for  tbe  Ionian  islands,  and  Ihr  the 
ancient  sovereignty  of  Malta  and  its  de- 
pendencies. By  the  rules  of  tbat  Order, 
the  naval  Commander-in-chief  in  the 
Mediterranean  Is  to  be  flrsC  and  princi- 
pal  Knight  Grand  Cross  thereof,  b«rt 
only  for  the  time  be  holds  bis  proliBO- 
sional  appointment.  Sir  Charles  Pen- 
rose, however,  wai  tpedally  authorised 
to  bear  tbe  title  and  wear  the  insignia 
for  life,  in  eonaequence  of  his  long  aer* 
vices  on  that  station,  and  his  having  been 
there  at  the  institution  of  the  Order. 
We  believe  tbat  tbe  late  Lord  Guilford 
and  himself  were  tbe  oaly  persona  to 
whom  tbat  privilege  was  allowed. 

The  merchants  at  Malta  subaeqnentlj 
presented  Sir  Charles  Penroae  with  a 
service  of  plate,  as  a  token  of  their  re- 
spect and  esteem  ;  the  Captains  and 
Commanders  under  bis  orders  likewise 
requested  his  acceptance  of  a  splendid 
silver  salver,  with  a  flattering  mserip- 
tion,  expressive  of  their  high  respect  lor 
his  public  and  private  character.  He 
returned  home  in  the  spring  of  i8l9» 
and  was  advanced  to  the  rank  of  Vioe- 
Admiral  July  19,  18S1. 

In  1884  he  published  an  aUy  written 
pamphlet  entitled,  «  Observations  on 
Corporal  Punishment,  Impressnsent,  and 
other  matters  relative  to  the  present 
state  of  his  Majesty's  Navy  i  which  gives 
some  interesting  anec«lotes  relative  to 
naval  discipline  which  had  occurred  i» 
his  own  experience  (see  some  extracts 
in  Maishatl's  Royal  Naval  Biography, 


JII30.]        am.  CmicrqfL^Maj.-Gtn.  Cofin.-^LUut^CoL  Tayior.      369 


Supplement^  Fert  ii.  from  wbieb   the 
preeent  memoir  hat  been  abridged.) 

Sir  Cbarlet  V.  Penrose  married  in 
I7S7,  Elisabeth,  daughter  of  the  Rer.  J. 
TrtrTener  ;  and  by  that  lady  he  bad 
three  daughtera ;  the  eldest  of  whom 
was  married  in  1819  to  Captain  John 
Coode»  C.  B. ;  and  the  second,  Char- 
lotte-Murray, in  1817  to  Capf.  William 
Mainwaring,  of  the  lOih  foot,  (brother 
to  the  preieiit  Sir  Henry  M.  Mainwar- 
ing,  Bart.)  who  died  s.  p.  in  1891. 

GsifBRAL  CaLCRAFT. 

A6.  90.  At  bis  house  at  East  Cbol- 
derton,  Hants,  John  Calcraft,  Esq.  aGe- 
iteral  in  tlie  Army. 

This  gentleman  was  appointed  Ensign 
in  the  9d  Foot-guards  1781,  and  Lieu* 
tenant  1785 1  from  February  to  May, 
1793,  be  served  on  the  Continent,  and 
was  present  In  tbe  action  of  St.  Ariiaod. 
He  beeame  brevet  Lieut.  Colonel  1793, 
and  served  again  on  tbe  Continent  from 
July,  1794,  to  May,  1795.  In  1796  be 
received  tbe  brevet  of  Colonel ;  and  in 
May,  1798,  be  commanded  the  Light 
Infantry  battalion  of  Guards,  in  tbe  ca- 
pediiion  to  0>tend,  when  he  was  taken 
prisoner,  and  detained  till  November. 
He  was  appointed  8d  Mi^or  of  tbe  Culd- 
stream  guards  1801;  1st  Major  1808; 
a  Major-General  1809.  From  May, 
1803,  to  the  same  month  in  1808,  he 
served  on  the  Staff  of  tbe  Western  dis* 
tricti  be  attained  the  rank  of  Lieut.- 
Geoeral  1808,  and  General  1819. 


Major-Griibral  CorriN,  CB. 

Ftk  10.  At  Bath,  agrd  51,  Mnjor* 
Gen.  John  Pine  Coffin,  C.B.  of  Charlton 
Cottage,  Wilts. 

This  officer  commenced  bis  military 
career  in  1795,  as  Cornet  in  the  4ib,  or 
Haeen's  Own  Dragoons,  and  obtained  a 
Lieutenancy  in  1799.  Whilst  holding 
the  latter  rank  he  was  appointed  an 
Assistant  Quartermaster-general  to  the 
army,  under  Sir  Ralph  Abercromby,  in 
the  expedition  to  Egypt;  he  was  present 
at  tbe  surrender  of  Cairo;  the  attack  of 
Alexandria  from  tbe  westward,  when  he 
had  bis  horse  shot  under  him;  he  was 
promoted  to  a  company  in  the  Royal 
Staff  Corps,  April  98,  1809:  and  was 
thence  removed  June  9,  1803,  to  the 
Quartermaster-general's  permanentStaff, 
with  the  rank  of  Major  in  the  army. 
From  that  time  till  18oiS,he  was  employ- 
ed in  Ireland,  and  was  present  in  ihibim 
at  the  insnrrection  in  which  Lord  KtU 
warden  was  killed.  In  1807  be  was  sent 
with  the  army,  under  the  command  of 
Lord  Cathcart,  to  Rugen,  and  from 
thence  accompanied  him  to  tbe  si< 

Gciit.Mao.  jlpril^  1830. 

11 


and  capture  of  Copenhagen.  On  tbe 
19tb  May,  1808,  he  was  appointed  De- 
puty Quartermaster-general  to  the  fiarees 
in  the  Mediterranean,  with  the  brevnt 
rank  of  Uaut.-Colonel.  He  immediately 
joined  the  army  in  Sicily,  under  Sir  John 
Stuart,  and  was  employed  under  his 
orders  In  the  attack  and  capture  of  the 
if  lands  of  If  ebia  and  Procida,  in  the  Bay 
of  Naples,  in  1809.  In  1810  he  was  em- 
ployed in  organixing  and  equipping  a 
flotilla  of  gun-boats,  aitaebed  t«  tb« 
Quartermastcr-generars  depart  ment,aiid 
manned  by  Sicilian  Marines  and  a  few 
English  soldiers,  of  wbieb  be  was  ap- 
pointed Inspector,  and  which  materially 
contributed  to  the  defeat  of  Morat's  at- 
tempt on  Skily.  In  1813  be  was  en- 
trusted by  Lord  Wm.  Bentinck,  with  tbe 
command  of  the  troops  employed  in  eon- 
Junction  with  his  Mi^csty's  ships  Thames 
and  Furieuse,  in  tbe  attack  of  the  island 
of  Ponxa,  which  was  captured  by  aaiHiig 
into  the  harbour,  in  spite  of  tlie  cross 
fire  of  the  enemy's  batteries,  and  land- 
ing tbe  troops  under  cover  of  tbe  Are 
from  tbe  frigates.  He  subsequent^ 
joined  the  army  in  tbe  south  of  Spaing 
and  was  in  charge  of  the  Quartermastofy- 
general's  department  with  that  army, 
■•early  from  tbe  periotl  of  the  occupation 
of  Tarragona,  to  the  time  of  its  being 
broken  up,  when  be  rejoined  the  army 
under  Lord  Wm.  Bentinck,  at  Genoa. 
He  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Colonel 
June  4,  1814. 

On  tbe  renewal  of  hostilities  in  1815, 
he  was  sent  as  Military  Commissioner, 
with  the  rank  of  Brigadier-Generaly  to 
the  Ausiro'Sartiiniaii  army,  which  iil- 
vaded  France  from  the  Alps,  with  whidi 
corps  he  continued  serving  till  it  quitted 
the  French  territory,  in  execution  of  the 
treaty  of  Paris.  He  afterwards  serviNl 
at  Major  of  the  Royal  Staff  Corps ;  and 
was  promoted  to  the  rank  of  Mi\)or-Qe- 
neral  in  1895.  Major  Pine  Coffin  edited 
in  1806,  *'  Stutterheim's  Account  of  the 
Battle  of  AusterlitB.  From  the  French." 
8vo. 


LiBUT.-CoL.  Jambs  Taylor. 

Sepi,  I  a  At  Bellary,  Madras,  Llewt.- 
Col.  James  Taylor,  Ueut.-Col.  of  the 
48th  foot. 

This  officer  entered  tbe  army  as  Kof 
sign  in  the  48th  regiment,  in  1804,  was 
prowioted  to  be  Lieutenant  in  tbe  same 
year.  Major  of  brigade  on  tbe  Irish  Staff 
in  1805.  la  1807  he  purehased  a  oooir 
nany  in  the  48ib,  with  which  be  em-> 
iwrked  at  Cork  in  March  1809,  tod 
aailed  to  Lislmn.  He  was  present  at  the 
affair  of  the  l9th  of  May  1809,  aad  at 
the  battle  of  Talavera ;  and  on  the  3d 


370         Obituary. — Major  Keatmge, — Ren.  Stephen  Weston,      [April, 


of  August  was  appointed  Major  of  bri- 
gade to  that  under  the  command  of 
Major* Gen.  R.  Stewart,  with  which  be 
was  engaged  in  the  battle  of  Busaco, 
the  affair  of  Pombal,  the  siege  of  Bada- 
jus,  and  the  battle  of  Albuera.  On  this 
last  occasion,  Major-Gen.  Hoghton,  who 
bad  succeeded  to  the  command  of  the 
brigade  on  the  death  of  Major-Gen. 
Stewart,  was  slain  ;  and  in  consequence 
of  the  great  fatality  the  brigade  in  gene- 
ral bad  experienced,  it  was  broken  up. 
Major  Taylor  was  then  ordered  to  a 
brigade  in  the  fifth  division  of  the  army, 
under  Major-Gen.  Hay,  with  which  he 
was  present  at  the  action  of  Fuente 
Guinaldo,  the  siege  of  Ciudad  Rodrigo, 
the  storming  of  Badajus,  the  battles  of 
Salamanca  and  Vittoria,  the  siege  of  St. 
Sebastian,  and  various  other  fatiguing 
services  of  that  campaign.  He  was 
twice  noticed  in  Lord  Lvnedoch's  dis- 
patches,  and  in  consequence  obtained 
the  brevet  of  Major.  He  returned  to 
England  on  account  of  sickness  in  De- 
cember 1813;  and  after  having  lan- 
guished under  fever  and  ague,  at  length 
rejoined  his  regiment  in  Ireland  in  the 
latter  end  of  1814.  fn  March  1817  he 
embarked  with  it  for  New  South  Wales, 
where  he  served  with  it  some  time,  and 
afterwards  concluded  his  active  career 
in  India. 


Major  Kratinge,  C.B. 

Lately,  In  Ireland,  Major  M.  D.  Kea- 
tinge,  C.B.,  of  the  Bengal  establishment. 

This  gentleman  entered  the  service  as 
Ensign  in  1796;  and  early  in  1797, 
marched  from  Madras  to  Hydrabad, 
where  lie  was  promoted  to  the  rank  of 
Lieutenant  in  the  lOth  Native  Infantry. 
In  1800,  he  returned  witii  the  lUth  regi- 
ment to  Bengal  ;  and  being  removed  to 
the  I7(h  Native  Infantry,  was  appointed 
Adjutant  to  that  corpc,  and  joined  the 
army  under  Lord  Lake,  in  the  Mabratta 
campnign  of  1803.  In  October  1804, 
being  Brigade-Major  at  Delhi,  under  the 
late  gallant  Major  General  (then  Colonel] 
Sir  David  Ochterlony,  he  served  as  prin- 
cipal Staff  and  Engineer,  when  the  capi- 
tal was  besieged  by  Holkar^s  army,  con- 
sisting of  12,000  infantry,  2000  cavalry, 
and  l.SO  pieces  of  artillery,  and  success- 
fully defended  it  by  180  men,  and  twelve 
pieces  of  ordnance :  upon  which  occasion 
he  received  the  particular  thanks  of  Col. 
Burn,  the  senior  officer  in  the  garri- 
son. 

In  the  years  1805,  1806.  Major  Kca- 
tinge  continued  principal  on  the  staff  at 
Delhi,  and  was  frequently  employed  in 
the  reduction  of  small  forts,  belonging 
to  refractory  chiefs  in  the  vicinity.     In 


1 806,  be  was  removed  to  the  Rewim 
frontier;  and  in  1809,  be  partook  in  the 
successful  assault  of  the  strong  post  of 
Bbowannee,  which  was  carried,  tf(er  a 
long  and  desperate  resistanee.  Major 
Keatinge  acted  for  some  time  as  De- 
puty-Adjutant-General;  and  in  1812, 
proceeded  to  Ireland  to  succeed  to  the 
extensive  property  of  bis  uncle,  Patrick 
Don,  Esq.,  who  died  in  1811^  at  the  age 
of  ninety-six. 

After  Major  Keatinge's  return  to  Ire- 
land, he  was,  without  the  slightest  soli- 
citation, brevetted  as  Major,  and  ap- 
pointed a  Companion  of  the  Batb.  From 
the  same  period,  he  has  resided  constant- 
ly  in  Ireland,  improving  bis  property, 
encouraging  every  manly  sport,  endea- 
vouring, in  all  possible  ways,  to  increase 
the  happiness  and  comforts  of. his  tenan- 
try, and  proving  to  the  world,  that  the 
gallant  hero  of  many  a  '<  welMoughten 
field,"  on  laying  aside  his  sword,  may 
resume  his  domestic  functions  as  a  kind 
friend,  a  good  landlord,  an  affectionate 
son,  a  loving  husband,  and  a  dcTotedly- 
attached  father. 


Rbv.  Stephen  Weston,  F.R.S.  &  F.SJL 

Jan,  8.  At  his  house  in  Ekiward-street, 
Port  man-square,  aged  82,  the  Rev.  Ste- 
phen Weston,  B,D,  F.R.S.  F.S.A.  M.A.S. 

This  elegant  scholar  was  born  at  Ex- 
eter in  1747,  the  eldest  son  of  Stephen 
Weston,  Registrar  of  that  Diocese,  and 
grandson  of  Stephen  Weston,  Bishop  of 
Exeter,  from  17^4  to  1743.  The  Bishop 
was  a  man  of  eminent  learning  and  cha- 
racter; his  history  is  elegantly  told  on 
the  monument  erected  to  his  memory  in 
Exeter  cathedral,  and  must  be  read  in 
its  own  correct  and  chaste  language. 

Stephen  Weston,  whose  death  we  now 
record,  was  educated  at  Eton,  and  from 
thence  went  to  Exeter  College,  Oxford, 
where  he  obtained  a  Fellowship.  He 
accompanied  Sir  Charles  Warwick  Bam* 
fylde,  Bart.,  as  his  tutor  in  an  exten- 
sive tour  on  the  Continent,  and  never 
lost  that  taste  fur  foreign  society  which 
he  thus  early  imbibed.  Mr.  Weston  also 
formed  an  early  friendship  with  the  late 
Earl  uf  Lisburne,  who  was  rejoiced  to 
ensure  the  society  of  his  friend,  by  con- 
ferring on  bim,  in  I777f  the  living  of 
Mamhead,  in  which  parish  bis  lordship's 
magnificent  seat  was  situate.  Of  the 
unrivalled  beauties  of  that  truly  noble 
place,  to  all  who  have  visited  that  part 
of  Devonshire,  it  will  be  needless  to 
speak  I  and  those  wbo  intimately  knew 
Mr.  Weston,  can  appreciate  the  mutual 
enjoyment  which  such  a  connection  most 
have  conferred. 

In   1784   Mr.   Weston    married  Miss 


1830.]         OmirvARY.^Rev.  Siepkem  WttUm,  F.ILS.  F.Sji. 


371 


Tiem^yt  and  on  that  oceaiion  entirely 
rebuilt  bit  Partonaf^e  Hout«  on  a  teale 
worthy  of  tbe  noble  tit  oat  ion  in  which 
it  «t«nd«,overlookinf;tbe  j^rand  Kttuary 
of  tbe  E«e{  but,  bow  uncertain  are  the 
scbemet  of  tlii«  lifet^the  l(>«i  of  bit 
amiable  wife,  in  1790,  doted  Mr.  Wrt- 
ton*t  enjoyment  of  tbii  tituaiion  ;  and 
be  quilted  tbe  scene  and  bit  prefbrment 
there  for  ever.  He  reti|^ed  tbii  livin; 
to  bit  patrofi,  amply  bc-neRted  by  tbe 
money  he  bad  expended  f  here.  He  al«o 
held,  from  1786  until  bit  quittini^  De> 
vontbire,  the  small  livinicof  Litllehemp* 
ston,  near  Totne«,  in  tbe  gilt  of  the 
Crown. 

Hit  first  publication  was  in  1784, 
**  Herme«iana«:  tive  Conjeetura  in 
Athenseum,  at  que  aliquot  Puetarum  Gr»- 
corum  loca,  que  cum  corri^^untur  et  rx- 
plicantur,  lum  carmine  donaniur,*'  8vo. 
The  title  of  this  work  was  taken  from 
the  name  of  a  Greek  Poet  in  tlie  il\y%  or 
Alra:inder  the  Grfat  ;  and  it  is  reviewed 
in  our  vol.  liv.  p.  97G. 

In  178&  he  pubt's'icd  "  A  Sermon  on 
Isaiah,  liv.  18,  19,  SO  ;  in  which  it  has 
been  endeavoured  to  preserve  the  f^e- 
noinc  sense  and  ori|cinal  nieanini;  of  the 
Prophet,  in  an  exact  and  literal  transla- 
tion." printed  at  Totness,  4to.  In  1788, 
'*  An  attempt  to  translate  and  explain 
tbe  difficult  patsa|:es  in  tl>c  Story  of  De- 
borah,  with  the  astistanre  of  Keniiicott*s 
collatloni,  Rot«i't  Version*,  and  Critical 
Cofijectorea."  4fo.  (noticed  in  our  vol. 
Lviii.  p.  147.)  in  1789,  "The  Provin- 
cial BalV*  a  Poem  I  alto  **  Tbe  TuHlr- 
dcvesof  Florian,  in  Frenrh  and  English,'* 
printetl  at  Caen,  by  L«*  Roy. 

In  1799  and  1793,  in  two  volumes,  8vo. 
**  Letters  from  Pari*.'*  In  1794,  '<  Elegia 
Grayiana,  Grcr^,*'  4io.  At  the  sane 
period  were  publitbed  two  other  Greek 
translations  of  the  same  Poem,  by  the 
present  Bitbop  of  Ely  and  Mr.  Sim, 
Fellow  of  Eton  (tee  Nicbuh's  Literary 
Anecdotes  vol.  ix.  p.  154.)  In  1795, 
'*  Conjectures,  with  some  Comments  and 
lllustrationi  of  Various  Pattages  in  tbe 
New  Testament,  particularly  in  tbe  Gos- 
pel of  St. Matthew;  to  which  is  added, 
a  specimen  of  Notes  on  tbe  Old  Testa- 
ment." (see  our  vol.  lxvi,  p.  404.)  Mr. 
Weston  had  contributed  to  tbe  edition 
of  1789  of  ••  Bowyer's  Conjrrtures  on  the 
New  Testament."  In  r799>  "  A  Fatt 
Sermon,"  4to.  In  1809,  '*  A  specimen 
of  the  Conformity  of  the  Euro|iean  Laii> 
Kaafee,  particularly  the  Eng'ifb.  with 
the  Oriental  Languages,  partii  uUrly  the 
Perttan,  in  the  order  of  the  Alphabet. 
with  notes  and  authorities,"  8vo.  Ano- 
ther edition  of  tbe  aame  work,  enlarged, 
vat  publiahed  in  the  next  year  (IBOJ). 

At  the  peace  of  180i,  Mr.  Weston  took 
AA  early  opportonity  of  revisiting  the 


French  metropolis ;  and  so  great  was  bis 
pleasure  and  admiration,  that  in  1B03  for 
the  title  to  a  description  of  his  observa- 
tions, be  adopted  that  of  «  Tbe  Praise  of 
Paris;  or,  a  Sketch  of  tbe  Frenrh  Capital^ 
In  extracts  of  letter*  from  France,  in  tbe 
Summer  of  1809;  with  an  Index  of  many 
of  tbe  Convents,  Cburchfs,  and  Palaces, 
not  ill  tbe  French  catalogue*  which  have 
furnislied  pirturrs  for  the  Louvre  Gal- 
It-ry.  By  S.W.  F.R.S.  F.S.A."  1803. 
(l*his  work  is  reviewed  in  our  vol.LXXlil, 
pp.  539 — 538.)  Mr.  W«  sion  found  mueh 
less  real  alteration  in  Paris  than  might 
have  been  expected :  and  with  regard  to 
libraries  he  pronounced  it  a  more  con- 
venient residence  than  any  other  city  or 
university  in  Europe.  He  always  re- 
tained tbe  greatest  partiality  for  tbe  ele- 
gant amusement*  and  lively  society  of 
the  French  capital ;  and  during  tbe  last 
summer,  when  upwards  of  eighty,  be 
was  seen  there,  frequenting  the  Theatre 
Fran9ais  and  other  pUces  of  publie  re- 
sort. We  may  hereaUo  notice  by  anti- 
cipation several  subfequeni  productions 
of  Sfr.  Weston,  the  result  of  hit  foreign 
travel;  «A  slight  sketch  of  Parit  in 
its  improved  state,  since  1802,*'  1814. 
8vo.  *'£iicbiridion  Rome;  or  Manual 
of  detached  n-marks  on  the  buildings, 
pictures,  statues,  inscriptions.  Sic,  of  an- 
tieitt  and  modern  Rome,"  1819,  Itfrno.; 
'*  A  Trimester  in  France  and  Switier- 
laiitl,"  1891,  8vo.|  •' A  Visit  to  Van- 
diite,"  1893,  8vo. ;  and  *<  Tbe  Etiglifh- 
man  Abroad,**  two  parts,  1894  and  1895, 
8vo. ;  **  Short  Recollect  ion t  in  a  Jouniey 
to  Pcstum,"  1898,  19mo. 

In  I8a3,  Mr.  Wetton  published  «The 
Spirited  Remonstrance  of  Rajab  Soubab 
Sing  to  the  Emperor  Aurengiebe,  in 
Persian  and  Englitb,"  4lo.  In  I804» 
"Dares  and  Entellusi  or  Bourke  and 
tbe  Chicken,  carmiite  Latino.*'  In  1805, 
**Q.  Horatiut  Flaccus|  cum  coliatione 
Scriptorum  Grccorum  peri'Ctua  et  not  is 
nominibusque  variorum  illottratut,  pr«* 
miituntur  OdsB  *  OFons'  atque  Mnter- 
missa  Venus'  e  Latino  in  Grscuro 
converse,"  Hvo.  In  tbe  same  year, 
**  Arabic  Aphorisms,  with  Persian  com- 
ments," dvo.  In  1805-6,  "Earths  and 
MctaU,  Wenitr  and  HaQy."  In  1807, 
**  Fragments  of  Oriental  Literature, 
with  an  outline  of  a  Painting  on  a  cu- 
rious China  Vase,"  8vo.  In  1808,'*  Th«> 
Sunday  Lessons  for  tbe  Morning  and 
Evening  Service  tbroogbout  the  Year, 
with  those  for  Christroa«-I)av  and  GimmI- 
Friday  ;  illnstrated  with  a  perpetual  com* 
mentai-y^  notes,  and  index.  Part  I. con- 
taining tbe  First  Lesson*."  **  Part  1 1,  ctin- 
tain'Ug  the  Second  Lessons,"  followed  in 
1809,  l9mo.  In  1809,  *'  Ly  Tang,  an 
lni|>erial  Poem,  in  Chinese,  by  Kien 
Lutig  i  n  itb  a  translation  and  notts,**  tvo. 


37« 


Obituary. — Rev.  Stephen  Weston,  F.R.S.  FJS.A,         [April; 


**  Siao  qM  Lin  j  or  a  small  collection  of 
Chinese  characters  analysed  and  decom- 
pounded," &o.  8  vo.      Ill    1810,   **  Con- 
quest of  the  Miaot8ee»enf(raved  (by  Mut- 
luw)  from  the  original  Chinese  Poem," 
4to. ;  and  **  Remains  of  the  Arabic  in 
the  Spanish  and  Portuguese  Languages, 
^»i(h  a  passage  from  Bidpay,  in  German, 
Greek  and  Latin  hexameters,"  8vo.     In 
1819,  **  Specimen  of  a  Chinese  Dictio- 
nary, uith  the  keys  explained"  (engraved 
by  Mutlow,)  4to.  {    and  **  Persian  and 
English  Ambassadors,  with  Afteen  new 
Persian  Tales,  and  a  Portrait  of  Sir  Ro> 
bert  Shirley,*'  4co.     In  1814,  *<  Persian 
Disticbs,     from    various    authors :     in 
which  the  beauties  of  the  language  are 
exhibited  in  a  small  compass,  and  may 
be  easily  remembered,'*  8vo. ;  to  which 
were   added,  additions   to    his    **  Con- 
formity of  European  and  Oriental  lan- 
guages." **  Fan-Hy  Cheu,  a  tale,  in  Chi- 
nese and  English ;  with  notes,  and  a  short 
Grammar    of   the  Chinese   language," 
4to.     **  Porsoniana ;  or  scraps  from  Por- 
•on*s  rich  Feast."     In  1815,  "An  Ode 
to  Her  Imperial  Majesty  Catherine  the 
Great,"  8vo.    In  1815,  «  Episodes  from 
the  Shah  Nameb ;  or  Annals  of  the  Per- 
sian Kings,  by  Ferdosee,  translated  into 
English  verse,"  8vo.    In  1816,  «  A  Chi- 
nese Puem  inscribed  on  Porcelain,  in  tbe 
33d  year  of  the  Cycle,  A.D.  1776 ;  with 
a  double  translation  and  notes,*'  l^mo. 
In  1818,  "  Nyg."  In  1819,  "  LaScava." 
In  I8S0,  «A  Chinese  Chronicle,  by  Ab- 
dalla  of  Beysa ;  translated  from  the  Per- 
sian, with  notes  and  explanations,"  8vo. 
In  1831,  <*  Voysgesof  Hiram  and  Solo- 
mon."    In  1823,  "  Petrarchiana,"  8to. 
In   1826,  «  Historic  Notices  of  Towns 
in  Greece,  and  other  countries  that  have 
struck  Coins,"  8vo.     In  1829,  <*  A  Sup- 
plement to  the  German  Grammar,  for 
the  use  of  Students  in  that  Language, 
1829,"  8vo.    Tbe  last  and  perhaps  most 
useful  bt-ok  which  he  published  was  in 
1830,  "Annotations  on  the  Sunday IjCS- 
suns  for  Morning  and  Evening  Service 
throughout  the  Year,"  in  a  thick  12roo. 
Mr.  Weston  was  elected  a  Fellow  of 
the  Royal  Society  in  1792,  and  of  tbe 
Society  of  Antiquaries  in  1794.    To  tbe 
Arcbaiulogia  he  contributed  :    in   1798, 
"  Observations  on   Mr.  Townelcy's  An- 
tique Brorise  Helmet,  discovered  at  Rib- 
chester  in  Lancashire"    (vol.  Xlll,923— 
226.)     In    1800,  *<  Explanations  of  tbe 
inscriptions  on  the  base  of  a  LarofMars, 
discovered  in  the  Fossdyke"  (xiv,  274.) 
In  1801,  "Observations  on  the  second 
Arundelian  Marble'*  (ibid.  33— 36;)  and 
**  Explanations  of  an  unfinished  Pliomi- 
cian  Coin,"  (ibid.  132—135.)     In  1802, 
"  Observations  on  tbe  Ogmian  Hereoles 
of  Lucian,  and  on  the  derivation  of  tbe 
word  Ogham,"  (ibid.  244— 248.)  In  1804, 


<*  Explanation  of  a  cast  of  an  Inscriptiofi 
taken  from  a  column,  brought  from  a 
private  house  near  Aboukir"  (xv,  3899 
390.)     In  1806,  **  Four  Letters  on  un- 
published Greek  Coins,"  (xvi,9— 13,  89 
— 90.)   In  1807,  **  Account  of  an  Antique 
Persian  Gem,"  (ibid,l35— 136.)  In  1808, 
"  Account  of  a  Silver  Tetradram,  with 
Siculo-Punic    characters"    (151—152}) 
**  Of  an  inedited  Coin  of  Alexander  tbe 
Great"  (179—180.)  *<  Of  a  carious  Coin 
not  described  by  tbe  writsrs  on  Gadir;" 
"  Of  a  curious  and  unique  Coin  of  Edes* 
SB}"  **  Of  a  very  rare  Sanarilan  Coin ; 
and    of   a   Coin  struck  at  Cjparissa" 
(all  printed   ibid,   pp.272  — 278;)      in 
1810,  "  A  note  on  Sir  Joseph  Banks*s 
Swan-roll"  (ibid.  163;)  <<  A  translation 
(»f  tbe  Inscription  on  the  Rosette  Stone,** 
(220—224 1) "  Explanation  of  an  Antique 
Bacchanalian  Cup,"  (xvii,  1 13 — 1 14.)  In 
1812,  *<  An  account  of  a  Bronie  Figure 
found  at  Richborough,  Kent,  represent- 
ing a  Roman  soldier  playing  on  thebag^ 
pipes,"  ( 176— I79i)  '*  Account  of  a  Coin 
of  Germanicopolis'^  (218—219;)  ^'Ofa 
Roman  Altar  found  in  the  neighbourhood 
of  Aldston  Moor  in  Cumberland,"  (229* 
330.)     In  1814,  **  An  account  of  an  in« 
edited  Seal  of  tbe  Hospital  of  Barton 
Laiars  In  Leicestershire,"  (xTiii,  525  }) 
"  Of  a  large  Gold  Medal  of  EliMbeth  of 
Hungary"  (432—434.)     in  18 1 5, •<  Re- 
marks on  Gog  and  Magof,  at  they  m 
mentioned  in  Genesis,  chap,  x,  v.  9 ;  in 
Ezekiel,  chap,  xxxviii  |  and  in  the  Reve* 
lation  of  St  John  the  Divine"  (263-^206 ;) 
<'  Description  of  a  Coin  of  tbe  Emperor 
Vitalian,"  (267, 268.)    In  1816,  *<  A  view 
of  the  opinions  of  various  writers  on  the 
identical  place  where  the  Ark  of  Noah 
rested,"   (303— 305 1)    "On  the  origin 
and  antiquity,  use  and  advantage  of  Cu* 
Ae  Coins,*'    (309—312.)     In  1816,  •<  A 
Letter  from  Queen  Elisabeth  to  King 
James  the  Sixth  in  1592,"  (xix,  1 1,  12.) 
in  1818,  «'Ohservations  on  the  bas-relief 
supposed  to  represent   the  Evil  Eye,** 
(99—101  s)  *<  A  letter  from  Sir  Edward 
Aikyns,  to  his  brother  Sir  Robert  from 
London,daringthefirel666"  (105—108.) 
To  his  friends  Mr.  Weston  also  co«i* 
ronnieated  a  number  of  ingenious  fugi- 
tive essays,  both   in  prose  and  verse  i 
amongst  which,    *'  Cracherode  in  tbfe 
Shades,*'  and  •*  The  tears  of  tbe  book- 
sellers on  the  death  of  Dr.  Goseett,"  will 
be  readily  remembered.    Tbe  humormt 
epitaph  by  Mr.  Weston,  on  Drjftnder  tbe 
librarian  of  the  Royal  Soeiefy,  is  pre- 
served in  Nichols's  Literanr  Anecdotes, 
vol.  IX,  p.  44;    also  some  Latin  elegiee 
verses  «  In  Mortem  Toupii,"  p.  496.   In 
1789,  be   contributed  notes  to  8haiL»> 
speare,  in  the  edition  by  Johnson  mui 
Steevens,  signed  S.  W.  with  the  Tearing 
of  the  Shrew,  from  El  Conde  4t  Ln 


18S0J 


OBiTUAftT.*-»Rio.  Thomoi  Ri§noldt, 


S79 


eanor,  la  SpMiUli.  U«  alto  print«4»  M* 
parmulj,  io  I808»  « Short  Notes  oo 
Sbakipcare/'  tfvoi  Ht  was  formerly  an 
oecMional  eoDtributor  to  this  Mited- 
Uiiyt  and  alio  to  fhe  Claatieal  Joumat 
Mr.  Wction  wae  renarkable  fur  the  po- 
ciiliarly  happy  manner  be  poeieMed  of 
eoromunicaliiig  hit  immenie  ami  diver- 
lified  storet  of  eradiiiont  and  by  the 
ebarm  of  bit  convertation  be  wat  the 
deliicbt  of  a  aumerout  circle  of  friendty 
of  ail  «((et  and  of  cTery  rank  in  tociety. 
Hit  frrquent  tri|it  to  ibeCuiitineut,  and 
cuiiitaiit  intercourse  with  the  bifhtr 
riattet  of  tociety,  at  well  tbe  learned  at 
the  gay,  enabled  bien  to  form  a  valuable 
collection  of**  Reminltcencet,'*contained 
in  more  than  fifty  voluttet,  of  variout 
tifei,  from  which  an  excellent  **  Wet* 
toniana*'  might  be  telected. 

There  are  two  private  portraitt  of 
Mr.  Wetton  i  one  engraved  by  Harding, 
from  a  picture  painted  at  Rume,  in  I77ft» 
and  the  other  recent  ly  taken,  and  etched 
by  Mrt,  Daw  ton  Turner.  The  re- 
maiuing  portion  of  Mr.  Wetton't  library, 
and  hit  remaining  collection  of  eoint, 
are  announced  for  tale  by  Metin. 
Sotheby. 

Rev.  TnoMAt  Reynolds. 

Dte.  84.  Aged  77»  tbe  Rev.  Thomat 
Reynoldt,  Rector  of  Little  Bowden,  eo. 
Northampton. 

Mr.  Reynolds  wat  fourth  in  deteent 
from  Dr.  Edward  Reynoldt,  Bithop  of 
Norwkb,from  16^0  to  1676.^  He  wat  of 
Lincoln  College,  Oxford,  where  he  at- 
tained the  degree  of  M.A.  in  1777.  In 
WtS  he  wat  presented  to  tbe  rectory  of 
Little  Bowden,  and  to  the  vicarage  of 
Dunton  Battet,  In  Leicetterthire ;  the 
latter  be  rettgned  in  1008.  In  1787  he 
wat  presented  to  the  vicarage  of  Lub- 
benham,  which  he  retigned  in  18 

In  1794  Mr.  ReynoMt  communicated 
to  Mr.  Nicholt  for  the  Hittory  of  Leicet- 
terthire, "  Obtervationt  on  the  Post 
and  Via  Devana"  (printed  in  vol.  i.  of 
that  work,  p.  cliv.)  i  he  alto  fumltbcd 
tome  remarks  on  Lubbenham  and  Fam- 
don  Campt  (vol.  ii.  p.  700),  and  other 
valuable  amlstance,  particularly  in  the 
history  of  his  neighbour  town  Market 
Harboruugh,  frt>m  some  MS.  collections 
made  by  Mr.  Rowland  Route, an  attorney 
there.  At  the  tame  period  he  made  tc- 
veral  commonicationt  to  this  Magaiina 
on  the  subject  of  Roman  antiquities. 

In  1798  Mr.  Reynoldt  wat  Chaplain  to 
Juhn  Clarke,  Esq.  when  theriff  of  Lei- 

*  See  a  tpedmmi  of  the  Bitbop't  tiw- 
gularly  cloee  haad-wrkiwg,  eommtuii- 
eated  bj  Mr.  Reyiioldtf  mgnvcd  im  vol. 
LXiTiii.  p.  394. 


otsterthirty  and  pnhllthed  '<  Equality 
enjoyed  in  thb  Country  t  a  Sormon 
preached  at  the  Assiaes  ;"  (reviewed  In 
LXVIII.  IO.SS). 

But  Mr.  Reynolds's  principal  work  «« 
a  quarto  volume,  entitled  "  IterBritan- 
niarum )  or  that  part  of  tbe  Itinerary  of 
Antoninus  which  relates  to  Britain,  with 
a  new  Comment,*'  printed  at  the  Cam- 
bridge University  press  in  1799.  No 
work  specifically  written  upon  tbisdastW 
among  antiquariet  bad  been  publitbed 
for  nearly  a  century  before,  since  tho 
time  when  Hortley  compiled  bit  Britan- 
nia Romana ;  but  during  that  inlerval  a 
host  of  writers  had  incidentally  contri* 
bated  partial  illustrations, and  nutaeroiia 
discoveries  of  Roman  remains  had  con* 
tinually  thrown  fresh  light  upon  tbn 
subject.  These  it  was  tbe  ol^ect  of  Mr« 
Reynolds  to  arrange  i  and,  although  «■• 
fortunately  prevented  by  the  rireum« 
stances  of  his  profession  and  sknatftoa 
from  making  those  prrtonal  invettiga- 
tiont  which  might  be  contidered  almatt 
requisite  to  the  adequate  performaocn 
of  the  task  he  bad  undertaken,  yet  he 
certainly  accomplitbed  it  wiih  all  Iha 
tkill  that  could  arise  from  mere  book 
and  map  enquiries i  and  by  his  Indnttrjr* 
care,  and  considerable  judgment,  per* 
formed  a  very  acceptable  servieo  to  Cba 
study  of  Roman  British  antiquities. 

It  added  greatly  to  the  value  of  Mr. 
Reynoldt't  work,  that  before  it  wat  tnb- 
mitted  to  the  press,  it  was  revised  by  Dr* 
Bennet,  Bp.  of  Cloyne,  to  whom  also  it 
wat  dedicated.  Bp.  Bennet,  in  company 
with  the  late  Rev.  Thomas  Leman,  had 
turveyed  nearly  the  whole  of  tho  itlaad 
in  teareh  of  Roman  antiquitiet,  and  anv 
very  capital  errort  were  thut  avoided* 
An  article  in  tbe  British  Critic,  indet<» 
treated  the  work  with  eonaidcrable  tf 
verity ;  It  wat  supposed  to  be  written  by 
Mr.  Wbitaker,  tbe  historian  of  Man- 
chester, whose  opiniont,  particularly  with 
regard  to  Richard  of  Cirencetter,  Mr* 
Reynolds  had  fi»und  reason  to  dispnto* 
The  opinions,  however,  of  that  prejn* 
diced  and  very  fanciful  writer,  are  not  tm 
bo  weighed  against  those  of  tbo  Um 
Mr.  Leman,  who  in  tbe  preface  10  Wa 
similar  work  on  tbe  Itinerary  of  RidNiM 
of  Cirencester,  published  in  I6€i9,  tamai 
'*  the  ingenious  Mr.Reynoldt  i  who,  wiili- 
out  teeing  them,  hat  thrown  light  om 
many  of  the  obaeorer  paitt  by  hit  In^ 
bourt.'*— It  it  indoed  tw  be  withed  th«« 
now  thirty  yeart  have  elapted  tinaa  tha 
publication  of  Mr.  Reynoldt't  work,  and 
twenty  tinea  that  by  Mr.  Leman  %  mnd 
atany  frtth  diacotcriet  of  Importance 
have  been  made  by  tbe  indefatigable  re- 
searehet  ef  Sir  R.  C.  Hciara,  and  other 
able  invetligaten  i  tbe  same  Jim^e  telar 


374        Obituary.— iHr*.  Kennieott. — J.  IV.  Sheppard,  Esq,        [April,* 


should  ag^iiin  be  performed  with  equal 
unprejudiced  impartiality  and  assiduous 
fidelity.^ 

Mr.  Reynolds  married  in  early  life. 
His  eldest  son,  Joseph,  died  on  his  third 
voyage  to  China,  in  1805,  in  his  l9ih 
year.    (See  uur  vol.  Lxxvi.  p.  775.) 

Mrs.  Kennicott. 

Feb.  25.  At  Windsor,  far  advanced  in 
af^c,  Ann,  widow  of  the  Rev.  Benjamin 
Keniiieott,D.D.  Canon  of  Christ  Church, 
and  Keeper  of  the  RadclitTe  Library, 
Oxford. 

Dr.  Kennicott  died  so  long  since  as 
1783,  when  it  was  stated  in  our  Obituary 
(see  vol.  Liii.  p.  718),  that  "Dr.  K. 
has  left  a  wife  and  family  by  no  means 
well  provided  for.  Mrs.  K.  is  widow  to 
the  late  Mr.  Edward  Chamberlayne,  of 
the  Treasury.'*  Dr.  Kennicott  was  the 
editor  of  an  Hebrew  bible  ;  and  his 
widow  has  left  a  bequest  to  the  Univer- 
sity of  Oxford,  fur  two  Hebrew  scholar- 
ships, of  which  the  following  is  an  ab- 
stracted copy : 

**  I  give  and  devise  all  my  freehold 
and  copyhold  estates  at  Sustead,  in  Nor- 
folk, to  the  Rev.  Hugh  Pearson,  of  St. 
John's  College,  Oxford,  and  Catherine 
Henley,  of  New  Windsor,  spinster,  upon 
trust,  with  all  convenient  speed  after 
my  decease,  to  sell,  and  convert  the 
same  into  monev. 

"And  1  bequeath  the  monies  arising 
from  the  sale  unto  the  Chancellor,  Mas- 
ters, and  scholars  of  the  University  of 
Oxford,  upon  trust,  to  invest  the  same 
in  the  parliamentary  stocks  or  public 
funds  of  Great  Britain,  and  dispose  of 
the  interest  of  the  said  trust  monies  in 
the  establishment  and  support  of  two 
Hebrew  scholarships  in  the  said  Uni- 
versity. And  my  will  is,  that  the  said 
scholarships  shall  be  open  to  Bachelors 
of  Arts  of  any  college  or  hall  in  the  said 
University,  not  exceeding  one  year  from 
the  taking  of  that  degree;  that  the  said 
scholars  shall  be  elected  from  time  to 
time  after  a  public  examination  by  the 
Regius  Professor  of  Hebrew  for  the  time 
being,  and  any  two  other  members  of 
the  University,  not  under  the  degree  of 
Master  of  Arts,  to  be  nominated  by  the 
Vice-Chancellor  with  the  approbation  of 
convocation.  And  that  the  scholars  so 
to  be  elected  shall  not  retain  their  said 
Hebrew  scholarships  beyond  the  period 
of  four  years  from  their  election.  And 
it  is  my  desire  that  any  minor  points  of 

•  **  A  Perlustration  of  the  Seventh 
Journey  of  the  Iter  Britanniarum,"  was 
announced  nearly  six  years  ago  by  the 
Rev.  B.  R.  Perkins,  but  has  not  yet  ap- 
peared. 


arrangement  respecting  the  said  sebo- 
larsbips  shall  be  left  to  be  regulated  by 
the  wisdom  of  the  Vice-Chancellor  and 
hdids  of  houses  with  the  appnibation  of 
convocation,  it  being  my  wish  and  in- 
tention to  promote  the  study  of  Hebrew 
Literature  in  the  said  University." 

Among  the  bequests  in  the  will  of  the 
late  Hon.  Dr.  Barrington,  Bishop  of 
Durham,  was  an  annuity  of  lOOl.  to  his 
excellent  friend  Mrs.  Ann  Kennicott,  of 
Windsor. 


J.  W.  Shrppard,  Esq. 

Jpril  2.  At  St.  Edmund's  Bury,  aged 
30,  John-Wilson  Sheppard,  of  the  High 
House,  in  Ash-hy-Campsey,  Esq.,  and 
High  Sheriff  of  the  county  of  Suffolk. 

He  \ira«  the  only  son  of  John  Shep- 
pard, esq.*  and  Lctitia  bit  wife,  the 
daughter  of  Henry  Wilson,  of  Dudling- 
ton,  in  Norfolk,  esq.  and  received  bis 
academical  education  at  Trinity-coUege, 
Cambridge,  where  he  proceeded  to  the 
degree  of  A.  B.  in  1829.  In  the  year 
following,  he  married  Harriot,  'the 
daughter  of  Colonel  Crump,  of  AUexton, 
in  the  county  of  Leicester,  by  whom  be 
has  left  issue  four  children,  viz.  two  sons 
and  two  daughters. 

As  this  highly-respected  gentleman, 
after  having  dischanfed  the  important 
duties  of  High  Sheriff  at  the  Assises, 
which  terminated  on  the  day  previous 
to  his  decease,  was  preparing  to  return 
to  his  residence  at  Campsey-Ash,  be  re. 
tired  to  a  water-closet  at  his  lodging  in 
Bury,  where  remaining  for  an  unusual 
length  of  time,  his  attendants  became 
alarmed.  His  valet  went  to  the  door, 
which  was  fastened,  and  having  broken 
it  open,  discovered  bis  master  in  a  state 
of  insensibility.  He  was  immediately 
removed  to  bis  bedroom,  and  every  ex- 
ertion used  to  restore  animation,  but 
without  effect.  A  Jury  was  summoned 
by  the  Alderman  of  the  Borough,  in  the 
absence  of  the  Coroner,  who  returned 
the  verdict,  *<  Died  by  the  visitation  of 
God," 

Thou   wilt   be     miss'd  and    moum'd, 

though  young  in  years  ;         [son. 

As  landlord,  master,  husband,  father, 

Equaird  by  few,  surpass'd  perchance 

hy  none.  [endears 

And  oh !  how  much  that  gladdens  and 

Our  toilsome  passage  through  this  vale 

of  tears, 

*  An  old  and  much  valued  corre- 
spondent has  favoured  us  with  an  histo- 
rical and  genealogical  account  of  this 
family,  to  which  we  shall  shortly  girt  in* 
sertion. — Edit. 


It  liokM  with  lumcs  like  tbcte ;  io 

«very  one 
Brightly,  thoaf h  hncfly,  thy  eximple 
shone,  [veret. 

And  memory  still  its  strilcing  worth  re- 
Would  there  were  metre  like  thee !    Men 
lauf  ht  to  prite  [sbion  roTts, 

Not  joyt,   in  quest  of  which  mere  fa- 
But  household  virtues  and  domestic 
loves,  [nes. 

And  all  those  fond,  familiar,  home- horn 
Dear  to  the  good,  and  honour'd  by  the 
wise,  [proves. 

Who  dwell  amid  their  old  ancestral 

In  1766,  Gahriel  Trusson,  ofKeUale, 
esq.  died  during  his  Sheriflfalty,  for  Suf- 
folk. 


iSao.]        L.  TatweU,  £19.— >B.  RtlUr,  Etq^^R.  Bourne,  M.D.        375 

Company.  In  that  opulent  hody,  eon* 
taining  many  Dissenters  amongst  itf 
members,  he  was  looked  up  to  as  the 
leader  of  the  Church  and  State  party. 
He  has  left  a  widow,  who,  with  himself, 
was  mainly  instrumental  in  establishing 
the  Female  Charity  School  at  Homtey, 
where  50  girls  are  excellently  educated 
according  to  the  established  religloOy 
and  recommended  to  places.  He  was  a 
lincere  Cbriitian,  but  not  one  of  those 
who  exhibit  their  religion  in  a  gloomy 
face  and  austerity  of  manners.  Endowed 
with  a  retentive  memory,  which  he  had 
stored  with  much  reading,  and  gifted 
with  strong  common  sense,  he  afforded 
gratification  both  to  young  and  old,  by 
his  lively  and  initructire  conversation. 
He  never  spared  his  time  or  trouble  In 
assisting  his  friends,  and  was  always  ao 
tive  in  promoting  every  rational  and 
charitable  design. 

The  village  of  Hornsey  is  greatly  in- 
debted to  him  for  the  preservation  of  its 
rural  beauty,  he  having  been  very  seal- 
o«is  in  defeating  some  encroachments 
which  had  long  disfigured  the  place. 

RoBRRT  Bourne,  M.D, 
Dee,  S3.     At  Oxford,  after  a  long  ill« 
nesf,  aged   69,   Robert   Bourne,  M.  D. 
(Clinical  Professor  of   Medicine,   and  a 
Fellow  of  the  College  of  Physicians. 

Dr.  Bourne  was  formerly  a  Fellow  of 
Worcester  college,  and  proceeded,  M.  A. 
1784,  B.M.  1786,  and  D.M.  1787.  He 
became  early  distinguished  as  a  Reader  in 
Cbemittry,  and  attained  to  contiderahle 
practice  in  Oxford.  In  1797  he  delivered 
the  Harveian  Oration  .it  the  College  of 
Physician*  ;  and  in  1 803  be  was  ap* 
))ointed  Aldrichi.in  Professor  of  the  prac* 
tioe  of  Medicine,  which  office  be  resigned 
on  being  elected  Clinical  Professor  on 
the  death  of  Dr.  Wall,  in  1894.  Dr. 
B'lurne  was  the  author  of,  "An  Intro- 
ductory Lecture  to  a  course  of  Chemit* 
try  1797,"  8vo;  •<  Oratio  In  Theatro 
Coll.  Reg.  Med.  Lond.  ex  Harveii  insti- 
tuto  habits,  1797,"  4to  ;  <*  Cases  of  Pul- 
monary C<»nsumntion  treated  with  Uva 
Ursi ;  to  which  are  added,  some  practi- 
cal observations,  1805/*  8vo. 


Lakb  Taswrt.l,  Esq, 
Feb.  18.     At  Portsmouth,  in  his  8Sd 
year.  Lake  Taswell,  esq.  for  many  years 
a  highly  respected  medical  practitioner 
of  that  town.     He  was  the  youngest  and 
last  surviving  son  of  the  late  Rev.  Wm. 
Taswell,  A.M.  student  of  Christ  Church, 
Oxon,  and  Vicar  of  Wotton-under-Edge, 
in  Gloucestershire  (  and  brother  to  the 
Rev.  Henry  Taswell,  Sub-Treasurer  and 
Senior  Vicar-choral  of  Hereford  cathe- 
dral, and  Vicar  of  Marden    near  that 
city,  of  whom  a  brief  notice  was  given, 
on  his  death  in    1796,  in  our  vuL  lxvi, 
p.  'ibS,    The  gentlemr^n  now  deceased 
passed  a  consideral)le  time  at  St.  John's 
college,  Oxford,  where  he  laid  the  foun- 
dation of  extensive  classical  attainments. 
The  brilliancy  of  his   talent  for  wit  and 
repartee  was  equal  to  his  learning,  which 
few  have  equalled,  and  none  surpassed. 
Nut  even   his  professional  duties  inter* 
fered  with  hit  devoting  daily  a   portion 
of  his  time  to  the  perusal  and  study  of 
the  Greek  and  Latin   authors.     In   his 
political  opinions   he  was   firm   to  the 
Tory  interest :  his  religious  ones  were 
equally  so  to   the  Established  Church. 
As  a  Christian,  si  far  as  the  infirmities 
of  human  nature  will  admit,  he  was  per- 
fect.    The  innocence  of  his   mind,  and 
purity  of   his  life,  gave  a  cheerfulness 
to   his   manner,   fasrinating  to  all  who 
knew  him.     So   highly  were  hit  profes- 
sional abdities  appreciated,  that,  had  he 
not  preferred  a  life  of  lettered  leisure  to 
the  atquireroent  of  worldly  riches,  he 
might  have  doubled  the  property  he  died 
ptissessed  of.     His  remains  lie  interred 
in  the  chancel  of  St.  Thomas's  Church. 


BBNiAMiN  Fuller,  Efo. 
Jan,  ^9.  At  Homtcy,  of  a  complaint 
at  the  heart,  aged  73t  Benjamin  Fuller, 
esq.  This  gentleman  was  a  oative  of 
Berkshire;  and  was  for  many  yeara  a 
leading  member  of  the  Cloth  workers' 


Robert  Andp.rson,  M.  D. 

March.  20.  In  Windmill -street,  Bdin* 
burgh,  aged  78,  Robert  Anderson,  M.  D. 
a  gentleman  as  much  regretted  in  his 
death  as  he  was  esteemed  in  hit  life,  and 
well  known  to  the  public  as  the  editor 
and  biographer  of  the  British  Poets. 

He  was  bom  at  Camwath,  an  cattn- 
sive  parish  in  Lanarkshire,  and  was 
educated  at  a  celebrated  school  in  the 
Royal  Burgh  of  Lanark.  His  acadaasi- 
cal  studies  were  prosecuted  in  the  Uni- 


376       Obituary. — R.  Anderson,  M,D. — John  Carey,  LLJD.       [AprQ» 


▼ertity  of  Edinburght  and,  after  an  ex- 
tended courie  of  literature  and  science, 
be  there  took  bit  Doctor's  degree.  For 
several  years  he  practised  as  a  physician 
at  Alnwick,  in  the  County  of  Northum- 
berland, where  he  married  Miss  Grey, 
a  lady  related  to  the  noble  family  of  that 
name  {  and  having  thus  been  emanci- 
pated from  the  necessity  of  professional 
exertion,  he  finally  returned  to  Edin- 
burgh, where  he  continued  to  reside  for 
upwards  of  forty  years,  in  a  condition  of 
life  removed  from  affluence,  but  per- 
fectly consistent  with  genuine  iodepend- 
cnce  and  comfort. 

The  works  of  Dr.  Anderson  are  various 
and  valuable,  and  have  been  favourably 
received  by  the  public  ;  they  are  princi- 
pally critical  and  biographical :  his  edi- 
tion and  lives  of  the  British  Poets  in 
14  large  volumes,  wai  published  in  1795, 
and  was  soon  followed  by  an  edition  of 
Dr.  Moore's  works:  both  were  more 
creditable  to  the  editor  than  to  the  pub- 
lishers, who  injured  the  sale  of  them  by 
an  ill-judged  parsimony  in  bringing  them 
out.  He  next  published  the  Miscella- 
neous Works  of  Dr.  Smollett;  this  passed 
through  six  editions ;  the  eighth  made 
up  a  separate  edition  under  the  title  of 
"The  Life  of  Tobias  Smollett,  M.D.  with 
critical  Observations  on  his  Works," 
Edin.  1800;  thii  work  is  held  in  great 
and  just  estimation,  but  that  which  is 
roost  admired,  is  bis  **  Life  of  Samuel 
Johnson,  LL.D.,  with  critical  observa- 
tions on  his  Works,"  third  edition,  Edin. 
1815,  8vo.  He  also  made  numerous  con- 
tributions to  various  publications,  but 
more  through  his  fondness  for  literature 
than  any  love  of  money.  I J  is  corre- 
spondence with  literary  men  was  exten* 
sive,  by  whom  he  was  held  in  the  great- 
est esteem,  not  more  for  his  talents  than 
the  frankness  of  his  temper  and  the 
warmth  of  his  heart.  He  was  very  atten- 
tive to  the  interest  of  men  of  letters, 
and  peculiarly  so  to  that  of  young  per- 
sons in  whom  he  perceived  any  indica- 
tions of  genius.  He  was  in  his  politics  a 
sound  whig,  and  from  his  earliest  youth 
ahowed  the  highest  respect  for  the  civil 
and  religious  liberties  of  mankind  ;  this 
his  passion  appeared  even  strong  in 
death,  for  on  the  very  evening  before  be 
died,  he  called  for  a  map  of  Greece,  that 
he  might  observe  the  elements  of  this 
new  state,  in  whose  future  fortune  he 
had  felt  himself  so  deeply  interested. 

Though  Dr.  Anderson  lived  to  so  good 
an  old  age,  his  mental  and  corporeal 
faculties  betrayed  few  symptoms  of  it; 
he  had  been  uniformly  temperate  and 
regular,  and  be  possessed  an  habitual 
cheerfulness.  He  was  in  many  cases 
kind  even  to  enthusiasm.   Though,  hav- 


ing reached  his  80th.  year,  he  htd  4Wt- 
lived  many  of  his  oldest  friends,  he  still 
enjoyed  the  society  of  a  retpcctable  cir- 
cle, who  knew  how  to  appreeiate  bis 
character,  and  will  retain  a  pleasing 
■ense  of  his  worth,  and  a  lasting  affee- 
tionate  respect  for  bit  memory. 

JoBN  Cabby,  LL.D. 

Dec.  8.  In  Prospect-place»  Lambeth, 
aged  73,  John  Carey,  LL.  D.  a  gentle* 
man  well  known  in  the  literary  world. 

Dr.  Carey  was  a  native  of  Ireland, 
whence,  at  the  age  of  twelve,  he  was 
sent  to  finish  his  education  in  a  French 
University.  He  does  not  seem  to  have 
appeared  as  an  author  before  the  publi- 
cation of  his  **  Latin  Prosody  made 
Easy,"  in  1800.  TbaC  work  was  ho- 
noured by  the  approbation  of  those  beat 
qualified  to  appreciate  its  merit  and  nti- 
lity,  and  has  passed  through  a  second 
edition  in  18lS,anda  third  before  IB26, 
and  an  Abridgement  was  printed  in  1809- 
It  was  succeeded  by  the  following  clasai- 
cal  and  elementary  works  i  "  Skeleton 
of  the  Latin  Accidence,  1803  t"  **  Al- 
phabetic Key  to  Propria,  quss  Maribus, 
1805;  «  Practical  English  Prosody  and 
Versification,  1809 i"  *'  Learning  better 
than  House  and  Land,  as  exemplified  in 
the  History  of  a  Squire  and  a  Cowherd, 
1 809  f"  **  Scanning  Exercises  for  young 
Prosodians,  1818;"  « Ciavis  Metrico- 
Virgiliana  ;"  <*The  Eton  Prosody  illus- 
trated t"  *<  Introduction  to  English  Com- 
position and  Elocution  }"  **  The  Latin 
Terminations  made  easyi"  and  "The 
Greek  Terminations  (including  the  dia- 
lects and  poetic  licenqea)  alphabetically 
arranged,  and  gramatically  explained." 

As  an  editor.  Dr.  Carey's  labours  were 
very  voluminous.  In  1803,  and  again 
in  1819,  he  edited  Dryden'a  Virgil,  in 
three  volumes  octavo;  he  subsequently 
accomplished  the  lengthened  task  of 
editing  more  than  fifty  volumes  of  the 
Regent's  Classics,  aa  well  as  two  editions 
in  quarto  of  Aina worth's  Dictionary, 
five  of  the  Abridgment  of  the  tame,  the 
Gradui  ad  Parnaaium  in  18S4,  the 
Latin  Common  Praver  in  Bagater't  Po- 
lyglot t  edition,  the  Abridgment  of 
Schleusner's  Greek  Lexicon,  Ruperti 
Commentarius  in  Liviuro,  Ac.  &c.  He 
translated  the  following  works :  TheBa- 
tavians,  from  the  French  of  Mona.  Bi* 
taub^ ;  The  Young  Emigranta,  from  Ma- 
dame deGenlis  ;  Letters  on  SwItierUnd, 
from  the  German  of  Lehman ;  a  Tolame 
of  the  life  of  Pope  Pius  VI. ;  a  volume 
of  Universal  History;  and  rerised  the 
old  translation  of  Vattel's  Law  of  Na- 
tions. He  was  the  editor  of  the  early 
numbers  of  the  School  Magaaine,  pul^- 
lished  by  Phillips;   was  a  contributor 


1830.] 


Obituary  — Rei\  Thomtu  Btlsham. 


377 


to  tereral  6tb#r  prriudicaU,  mid  will  be 
rt* meaibvnnl  »%  a  In  q'lriii  currt* t|»otKlf  nt 
of  Sylvanut  Urb»ii.  Hit  coaiiuuiiie«- 
tioiit  to  tbU  niiicrlUiiy  were  {generally 
fthon,  and  mutily  on  claMival  trifles. 

Dr.  Cnrey  it  ttylrd  in  tjine  of  hii 
tiile-pN|^«,  <*  priv4ttf  teacher  of  tlie 
CiMtict,  French,  and  Shon-haiid.*'  Hit 
retjdence  wat  fur  many  )eart  in  Weti- 
tquare,  Surrey.  The  latt  ei^ht  >eart 
of  hit  life  were  cruelly  embittered  by  the 
mukt  diitretviuK  and  painful  lM>diIy  coui- 
plaintt :  and  the  diieaae  which  termi- 
nated hit  mortal  career,  wat  of  a  calcu- 
loui  nature, than  which  there  it,perhapt, 
none  more  eacruciatin;  in  the  loiif:  cat  a* 
lofue  of  human  tufferinic.  Dreadful,  in* 
deed,  were  tbetorturet  which  he  endured  { 
iboufh,  lo  mitigate  their  tererity,  all 
that  ftkill  and  experience  could  tuf^gett 
wat  etaayed  by  that  eminent,  able,  and 
benevolent  pbjriician,  Dr.  W«lshman,  of 
Keniiington ;  who,  during  a  period  of 
tixyeart,  attended  him  on  all  occHMont, 
with  the  mott  anaiout  and  ditintertited 
kindoett. 

Dr.  Carey  wat  twice  married ;  and,  by 
hit  aecond  wife  (who,  at  the  author  of  a 
novel,  entitled,  '*  Lattinf?  Imprettiout,** 
and  of  numeruut  pkeeet  of  furtive  poe- 
try, many  of  which  have  been  publitbed 
in  thii  Mitcellany,  it  not  unknown  to 
the  public),  be  but  left  a  very  promiting 
boy,  now  in  hit  eleventh  year. 

Hit  reroaint,  fullowed  to  their  laU 
rcttin|;-ptace  by  oiily  four  individualt, 
allied  to  bim  by  the  chitctt  tiet,  were 
interred  in  the  burial-fround  of  Siiint 
Georj^e,  Hanuver-tquare,  in  accordance 
with  the  «ithet  eapretbcd  by  the  de- 
er at  cd. 


Rev.  Thomas  Bblsiiam. 

A>v. .. .  At  Hampttead,  where  he  bad 
for  tome  yeart  retidrd.  In  hit  bOtb  year, 
tbe  Rev.  Thofsat  BcUbam,  Minitter  of 
tlie  Doitarian  Chapel  In  Ewea-ttreet. 

Thh  cekbrated  preacher  wat  the  rider 
brother  of  the  late  William  Bekbam, 
etq.  tbe  violent  Whig  hittorian,  of  whom 
we  gave  a  memoir  in  our  vol.  xcvtif.  i. 
TiA,  He  wat  educated  under  Dr.  Caleb 
Aihttorih,  at  the  Difientinic  Academy  at 
Da  vent  ry,  which  had  been  removed  to 
thai  town  from  Northampton  in  1759 
on  Dr.  Aihwortb't  tucceeding  Dr.  Dod- 
dridge in  tbe  Mattertbip»  and  which  af- 
terwardt  returned  to  tbe  county  town  on 
tb«  retignation  in  l«89  pf  Mr.  Beltham, 
wbo  bimtelf  became  itt  mazier.  A  large 
portion  of  Mr.  BcUbam't  life  wat  tpent 
at  tbif  ettahlubment,  tince  be  wat  at- 
ftittant  tutor  there  in  metaphy«ict,  ma- 
tbrmatict,  and  natural  hi»tor>,  till  in 

GtNT.  Mao.  Afftil^  1830. 

(J 


IT7H,  when  he  tetlled  at  Wurceateri 
which  he  cpiited  in  I7B1.  And  returned  to 
Daveiit ry, in  the  duubie  c«paciiy  of  patlor 
and  prnicipal  wr  tbeoloj^ical  tutor.  Hit 
predecet«ur  was  the  Kev.  Tbomaa  Ku* 
bint,  who  had  kurctrded  Dr.  Caleb  Ath- 
worth  ill  1775,  but  who  wat  obliged  to 
rri\%%\  hit  charg**,  in  contequence  of 
having  irrecoverably  Ukt  bit  voice,  from 
preaching  three  timet  on  one  Sunday 
whiUt  lahcuriug  under  a  tevere  cokl  ; 
he  patted  the  remaiiuh  r  of  hit  life  wiib 
great  humility  and  cuii'eiitoient  in  the 
tecular  employ uieniw  of  a  boukteller  and 
druggitt,  and  on  hio  de^th  in  1810  w«t 
comtDcmoratcd  in  an  epitaph  written  by 
Mr.  Beltbain,  which  may  be  teen  in  Ba- 
ker't  History  of  Norihaniploiithire,  vol.  i 
p.  331. 

After  Mr.  Belibam  bad  tuperintended 
tbe  Da  vent  ry  Academy  for  about  eight 
yeart,  hit  rdigiout  views  having  gra- 
dually receded  from  C4ivaiiitm  to  Uui- 
tarimiitm,  he  hoiiourahiy  apprixed  tbe 
trutteet  of  the  change,  nnd  in  1789  re- 
ilgned  both  bit  functiunt.  He  published^ 
in  vindication  of  bit  conduct,  **  The  Im- 
I»ortaiice  of  Truth,  and  the  Duty  of 
making  an  open  profettion  of  it  ;  rrpre- 
teiitrd  in  a  ditcourte  delivered  on  Wed- 
nesday April  S8,  1790,  at  the  Metting* 
botite  in  the  Old  Jewry,  London,  to  tbe 
tupportert  of  tbe  new  College,  ai  Hack- 
ney (see  our  Review,  vol.  LX.  p.  938); 
and  **  Ditbonett  Shame  the  primary 
fource  of  Corruption  of  the  Chribtiau 
D«)Ctrine;  a  Sermon  prrached  at  iba 
Gravel-pit  Meeting  in  Hackney,  April  6, 
1794"  (vol.  LXiv.  1197).  Mr.  BeUbam 
wat  now  Profettor  of  Divini  y  at  tbt 
Hackney  college,  and  the  tuccetsor  of 
Dr.  Prietiley  at  tbe  GraveSpii  Meetiiif* 
Whiltt  filling  thote  tituationt  be  pub- 
litbed tbe  following:  Knowledge  tbe 
foondation  of  Virtue,  a  Sermon  1795. 
A  Review  of  Mr.  Wilberforce't  Treatite, 
intituled,  *  Practical  View  of  the  pre- 
vailing Religiout  8yttemt  of  profetted 
Christianity.'  In  a  Letter  to  a  Lady, 
1798,  (tee  our  vol.  lkvii*.  p.  869)»  3d 
edit.  1813.  Elements  of  the  Philosophy 
of  the  Mind,  and  of  Moral  Philutopby ; 
to  which  is  prefixed,  a  Compendium  of 
Logir,  1801.  Reflectiont  and  Exborta- 
tioiis,  adapted  to  the  tiaf  e  of  tbe  Timet  \ 
a  Thanksgiving  Sermon,  1808.  Tho 
Character  of  the  Cbrittian  Teacher  de- 
lineated, a  Sermon,  1804.  Ditcourte  on 
the  death  of  Dr.  Prietiley,  with  a  brief 
memoir  of  bit  life  and  writingt,  and  • 
letter  from  bit  ton  containing  tbe  par* 
ticulart  of  hit  latt  lllnete,  1804.  Tbo 
Progreft  of  Error  concerning  the  person 
of  Chritt,  a  Sermon,  1805.  A  Diteoorte 
delivered  to  tbe  Unitarian  Congregation 


VZ 


37S 


Obituary. — Rev.  T.  BeUham. — Rev.  haae  Taylor.     lAfglH 


Hi  Hackney,  on  the  resignation  of  the 
pastoral  office  in  that  Bociety,  1805. 

Mr.  BeUbam  had  accepted  the  post  of 
Minister  at  the  chapel  in  Essex-street 
on  the  resignation  of  the  Rev.  John 
Disnev,  D.  I).  F.  S.  A.  His  subse- 
quent  publications  were  ;  Adherence 
fo  Christian  Truth  recommended,  a 
Sermon,  1805.  Vindication  of  certain 
passagtrs  in  a  di^ourse  on  the  death  of 
Dr.  Prirstley,  in  reply  to  the  animad- 
versions  of  the  Rev.  John  Pye  Smith, 

1806.  Discourse  occasioned  by  the  death 
of  the  Rt.  Hon.  C.  J.  Fox,  1806.  Tbe 
importanre  of  right  sentiments  respect- 
ing the    Person  of  Christ,    a    Sermon. 

1807.  The    Providence    of   God  over- 
ruling the  issues  of  War  and  Conquest, 
a  Sermon,  1807.    A  general  View  of  tbe 
evidence  and    importance  of  Christian 
Revelation,    1807.    Letters    on   Arme- 
nian ism,  and  other  topics  in  Metaphysics 
and   Religion,  1808.     A  Sermon,  occa- 
sioned by  the  death  of  the  Rev.  Theophilos 
Lindsay,  [a  former  Minister  of  Essex-street 
Chapel,]  with  a  biographical  memoir,  1808. 
The  year  of  the  Jubilee,  a  discourse,  J  809. 
UDComipted  Christianity  UDpatroaized  by 
the  Great,  a  Discourse  on  the  decease  of  thie 
Duke  of  Grsfioa,  1811.     Letter  to  Lord 
Sidmouth,  on  the  subject  of  his  Bill  rela- 
tive   to  Protestaot   Dissenting    Ministers, 
1811.     A  Calm  Inquiry  into  Uie  Scripturt 
doctrine  coocerniog  the  Person  of  Christ  i 
iodudiog  a  brief  Reriew  of  the  Controversy 
between  Dr.  Horsley  and  Dr.  Priestley,  and 
a  summary  of  the  various  opnions  enters 
tained  by  Christians  on  the  lubjeci,  1811. 
Rights  of  Conscience  asserted  sad  defined, 
in  reference  to  the  modem  ezplanatioa  of 
the  Toleration  Act ;  a  Fa&t  Sermon.     T« 
whiohareadded.  Notes  and anAppcsdiz,  UIub- 
trativc  of  the  Toleration  Act.     A  Discours* 
occasioned  by  tbe  death  of  Mia.  Liaday, 
IS  12.     Memoirs  of  the  late  Rev.  Theophi- 
lus  Lindsay,  M.  A. ;  including;  a  brief  .Ana- 
h  sis  of  his  Works,  together  with  anecdows 
and  Utters  of  eminent  persons,  his  fiaeais 
and  corresponHeots ;  also,  a  gvneial  view  «f 
the  proc'ress  of  the  Unitarl^A  Docuioe  ia 
EogUsd  and  America,   1S12.     A  Piea  §ct 
the    Catholic    Claims,    a    Senxijn,     i$!;S. 
The  Claims  of  Dr.  Priestley,  ia  the  con- 
troTcrsy    w'.iU   Bp.    Horiley,    resuud    a=a 
▼uMiv.-a:ed,    1<U.     Le::cri  to  s':i<   Bp.  of 
Loadoo,   ia  il:;dicatioa  of  ;he   Lcliarians, 
iilo.     Rev>«  of  Aaaericftu  (.*=.;ta:ian»m« 
or  a  brief  H.s:onr  of  the  ProcTVU  aci  Scat* 
of  the  L'aliarun  Churches  :n  America,  thlni 
ccriuon.  l^l-"^.     Kccectlocs  upon  the  deatSx 
of  Sir  SaniucI  Ros.:I  j^  ;-  ^  iiicourse  3r- 
u*erei    a:    K*sea-stre*t    Chafe',    Not.    5. 
i?l»,     «e^   «..ir   %^'..    ^\.xx*:.:.   I.,    ^o?  . 
iiIi'.U;le«  of   P»-ji    the   A-ci:Jc 
»  th    a 


Bishop  Burgess  in  the  Qm»^mm*i  M^ 
gazine. 

Mr.  Belsham  had  for  some  yean  aatirely 
resigned  his  ministerial  funetiont. 

Rev.  laiAC  Tavloi. 

Dee.  1 1.  Suddenly,  the  Rev.  baaeTay* 
lor,  of  Ongar  in  Faeea,  lor  many  yaart 
Minister  of  the  dissenting  concrngatinn  in 
that  town,  aud  author  of  serend lii^ily  om- 
ful  juvenile  works. 

Mr.  Taylor  waa  brought  up  to  the  art 
of  eograring.     His  engagements  as  an  aitisl 


bein^  such  as  allowed  him  to  reside  at  a 
distance  from  London,  he  left  the  metrmmlia 
in  1736',  and  gladly  availed  himself  oftha 
liberty  of  choosing  an  abode  where  the  same 
means  would  procure  for  an  increasing 
fiunily  a  Uiger  amount  of  comfort.  He 
fixed  his  abode  at  Lavcnhaa  in  Suffolk, 
where  he  remained  until  1799,  when,  in 
compliance  with  the  wishea  of  a  dissenting 
^"S^regation  at  Colchaifer  be  removed  to 
that  town,  in  older  lo  asaome  the  pastoral 
care  of  the  sode^  assembling  in  the  meet- 
ing-house in  BuckJersburv-lane.  This  charge 
he  retained  until  the  cioso  of  1810,  and 
then  resigned ;  but  about  Uw  same  time  in 
the  following  year  acoepted  the  invitatioa  of 
tbe  dissenting  congregation  at  Ongar,  to 
become  their  pastor. 

In  the  line  oi  his  original  peofession, 
Mr.  Taylor  produced  a  set  of  prints  to  illus- 
trite  the  Bible,  lirom  designs  Inr  his  son ; 
in  his  ministerial  capacity  he' published 
"  The  Gloiy  of  Zioa,  a  Sermon,  preached 
at  the  Baptirt  Western  Asaociatioo,  in 
Gloucester,  1808,*"  8vo.  and,  of  his  very 
excallcnt  juvenile  worin,  the  fidlowing  were 
the  pritt^pal :  *<  Self  Cnltivatioa  recom- 
asemfad  ;  or,  hints  to  a  youth  leaving 
school."  «'  The  Child's  Birthday,  aimi^ 
to  state  the  nature  and  importance  of  that 
season.*'  '«  Twdue  AiUiamii  ta  a  School, 
with  an  original  Hymn  to  oach."  <<  Scenes 
ia  Eurupe,  tor  the  imnwrnint  and  iastrue- 
«wa  of  UrI*  tarrr  atkame  travtUers."  Of 
this  charming  work  an  iaspfesiiott  nf  aOOO 
copors  wus  diapoMd  of  in  abonft  bIbb  moBths 
aaer  Us  first  fiiFiTTratinai  in  1818,  and  aave- 
ral  ccl;Io<»  have  tince  becA  s^s  it  was 
5*IU>w«l  bv  '•  Sceaea  in  Ask,"  ««  SctMi  m 
Africa^"  '^'Sceaea  ia  Ameriem."  <«  Scenes  hi 
aai  "  Senses  ef  British  Wealth, 

Rcwduee. 

6e4.«aA9  df  Bu.>crmrkvy  heinr  the  lives 


voisne*   MO 


t\^oi.'U^:x    aai    a-.cet,    :s    f--^ 


-£5.      1=    :t-4    a=d    !<*.>• 
>?■    r--'*~»j:  :»•:?•:    re  i  :o=tr>vf-«*   . ':? 


»^?«■v,*'  )m»  vuZoasrttf^  :«**• 

>i-.  TA«An:  wiAT't^  a  sssoir  ef  the 
v*A3Ha  K.a«iw  ^rXHiiMis  ^  mI  I 
i.'i  Mw  wa  MM  wf  jauit?>awa 


Agea, 


1830.] 


Obituary*— ilfr.  J.  Haifnei. 


beoite  ott  te  ri4ag  gtntntioB  by  thtir 
liteniT  productiooty  aod  it  sppMrt  to  have 
bMo  tiM  «*  Oriffbul  PoMnt  for  lofmt  MiaHt, 
bv  Jmm  mm!  AaBe  1  ajlor,"  that  fint  lad 
the  way  of  the  &ailj't  •aceaMful  caraar  in 
thb  paeoliar  liaa  of  aathonhip.  Jane  diad 
in  18M^  and  two  vohnnct  of  lier  "Ma* 
flBoirt  and  Poatiaal  Remaint,  with  aatraete 
from  bar  Corratpondenca,"  wera  toon  aftar 
pabluhed  bj  bar  brother,  Mr.  Isaac  Tay- 
lor. Anne  h  the  wife  of  the  Her.  Joseph 
GUbert. 


Ma.  Jostru  Haynes. 

Dtc  14.  At  Chester,  in  his  69ih  year, 
Mr.  Joseph  Haynes,  Drawing  Matter. 

Ha  was  a  native  of  Shrewsbury,  and  hav- 
ing, as  hb  (Hands  conceived,  a  genius  for 
the  arts,  ha  waa  placed  under  Mr.  J.  H. 
Mortimer,  the  celebrated  painter.  On  the 
death  of  his  master,  in  1779,  he  continued 
some  time  with  the  widow,  and  etched  many 
plates  from  Mortimer's  pictures  and  sketches ; 
the  most  admired  was  ot.  Paul  preaching  to 
the  Britons,  Iwt  many  other  subjects  nad 
much  merit.  He  was  noticed  by  Sir  Joshua 
Reynolds,  who  permitted  him  to  copy  several 
of  his  pictures.  He  afterwards  went,  an 
adveatarar  in  the  arts,  to  Jamaica,  but 
always  regretted  the  time  be  spent  there,  as 
it  neither  contributed  to  his  fiime  nor  emolu- 
ment. On  his  retom  to  Shrewsbury,  he 
was  employed  by  several  gentlemen  to  make 
drawings  oif  local  subjects,  and  in  1794  he 
etched  and  coloured  a  plate  of  the  Roman 
tesialatad  floor  or  pavement,  discovered  at 
the  Lee,  near  Shrewsbury,  a  very  accurate 
representation,  which  he  poblisfied.  He 
soon  after  removed  to  Chester,  and  com* 
manned  teaching  drawing,  which  he  con- 
tmoed  to  do  till  nearly  the  time  of  his  death. 
He  was  modest  and  unassuming  in  his  man- 
nen,  and  mueh  respected. 


DEATHS 

BtnKfl.— MiarrA  80.  At  Hnrst,  aged  73, 
Susannah,  wife  of  Richard  Westbrook,  eaq. 

April  9.    At  Sooning,  aged  84,  Maria, 
eldest  dau.  of  late  John  Cooper,  esq. 

April  II.     At  Reading,  aged  79,  Jolm 
Tappenden,  esq. 

bf  RtT.— >^rii  9.  At  Park-hill,  Ashtoa 
Nlehoias  Mosiey,  esq.,  for  87  years  a  ma- 
gistrate for  the  covatiet  of  Derby  and  Staf- 
ford. He  was  the  third  and  youngest  son 
of  tlia  Ute  Sir  John  Pisrker  Moeley,  Bart.,  ^ 
by  Elia.  dau.  of  James  Bailie,  esq.  He 
married  Aug.  10,  17iK>,  Mair,  widow  of 
Sir  fidward  Every,  Bart. ;  and  by  that  lady, 
who  was  the  dau.  of  Edw.  Morl^,  of  Hon- 
ley,  eo*  Derby,  esq.,  and  had  also  had  two 
other  husbands,  William  Elliot,  enq.,  and 
Joeeph  Bird,  esq.,  and  who  died  fjeb.  9, 
1896,  had  isetie  a  smi,  Asbton-Nicholas, 
who  ia  married  aod  liae  iskoa,  and  a  dau. 


379 

Emasa,  married  to  the  Rev.  Francis  Ward 
Spilsbury. 

DiTOM.— ifpra  9.  At  Arliogton  rectory, 
Mary-Eltiabeth,  wife  of  Rev.  Ames  Hamil- 
ton Chichester,  and  only  surviving  dku.  of 
lata  Richard  Bateman,  eso.,  of  Derbyshire. 
She  had  been  married  only  the  short  space 
of  a  year,  aod  died  in  childbed.  She  was  In 
a  superior  degree  amiable  and  accomplished ; 
her  drawings,  particularly  In  the  minbtura 
style,  were  equal  to  most  artbu  ;  her  re- 
mains were  interred  in  the  femily  vault,  In 
All-Saints  Church,  Derby. 

DoRsiT. — March  81.  At  Weymouth, 
aged  66',  Charles  Andrews,  esq.,  late  muter 
of  the  ceremonies. 

April  8.  The  wife  of  Rev.  Robert  Frome, 
Rector  of  Folke. 

DoRHAM. — March  13.  AtDurharn,  Mrs. 
Ann  Chaytor,  dau.  of  bte  Henry  Chaytor, 
LL.  D.  formeriy  Rector  of  Croft,  York,  and 
Preb.  of  Durham. 

Essex.— /^lie/y.  At  Colchester,  aged  68, 
Marianne,  widow  of  C.  P.  Leslie,  esq.,  of 
Glasslongb,  Ireland,  above  40  years  M.P, 
for  CO.  Monaghan. 

April  8.  At  Coin  Park,  in  his  63rd  year, 
Philip  Hills,  esq. 

April  14.  Anna-Marb,  wife  of  John 
Knowles,  esq.,  Stratford  Grove. 

Gloucestir  — Ftt,  1 1 .  At  Clifton,  aged 
45,  Mils  Anne-Barbara  Wrlghte,  only  dau. 
of  late  George  Wrighte,  esq.,  of  Gayhurst» 
Bucks,  by  Anne,  dau.  and  heir  of  JoMph 
Jekyll,  of  Dalliogton,  co.  Northampton, 
esq.,  and  grand-dau.  of  George  Wrighte, 
esq.,  M.  P.  for  Leicestershire  from  1797  to 
1766  (and  who  was  grandson  to  Lord 
Keeper  Sir  Nathan  Wrighte}. 

JfnrcA  16.  At  Clifton,  sml  87,  Mary- 
Anne,  wife  of  Rev.  E.  M.  Hall,  M.  A.  soma 
time  one  of  the  officiating  clergy  at  the 
parUh  church  in  SheiBeld,  and  late  of 
Gainsborough. 

ilfnrcA  19.  At  Clifton,  aged  80,  Catha- 
rine, wife  ofO.  M.  MauiMall,  esq.,  of  Bally- 
william,  co.  Limerick. 

At  Bristol,  Mr.  L.  Henwood,  architect 
and  city  surveyor. 

March  94.  At  Shirehampton,  of  apo- 
plexy, Edw.  Sheriff,  esq. 

March  96.  At  Cheltenham,  Lbut.-Col. 
Thomas  Greentree,  fur  many  years  a  merit- 
orious servant  of  tlie  East  Indb  Co.  at  St. 
Helena. 

Latdu,  At  dieltanham,  Fitzmaurion 
Caldwell,  esq.,  9nd  son  of  lata  Sir  Jamaa 
Caldwell,  of  Castle  Caldwell,  oo.  Fermamgh. 
Bart. 

April  8.  At  Cheltenham,  after  a  long  and 
painful  illoese,  occasioned  by  hb  ezaitions 
in  the  Nepanl  war,  CioCaln  Charles  Com- 
wallis  Chesney,  lata -of  Bencal  Art.,  9ad  aoa 
of  A.  Chesney,  esq.,  of  PacKolet,  eo.  Down. 

April  6.     At  Cheltenham,  Lbut.-Col. 

Jamas  Smith,  of  the  Bombay  establbhment. 

^pril  17.    At  Cheltenham,  the  relict  of 


380 


OBITUAnY. 


Ka]|h  Mounu^iie,  jtio.  esq.,  sod  t'uter  of 
Dr.  Bernard)  of  Clifton. 

Hants. — March  20.  At  Dibilen  Lndgr, 
near  South>iinpton,  aged  68,  William  Ki* 
chard,  esq. 

^pril  5.  At  Norton,  I.  of  Wight,  aged 
76,  Winiam  Michell,  esq.,  formerly  resident 
ft  N»gnre,  East  Indies. 

yfpril  16.  At  his  residence,  Southampton, 
aged  73»  K<iw.  Middlecutt,  esq.,  formerly  of 
Warminster. 

Herts. — March  3.  Aged  17,  Aone- 
Marv,  eldest  dau.  of  C.  Deiing,  esq.,  of 
Avott  St.  Lawrence,  and  niece  to  Sir  Kdw. 
Dering,  Bart. 

/fpril  7.  At  Cheshunt,  aged  43,  Captain 
Thomas  O'Brien,  late  R.  N. 

Kent. — March  31.  At  Greenwicli  H«»s- 
pital,  after  twenty  years*  residence,  aged  80, 
Lieut.  Rohert  Aitchison. 

/fpril  r.  At  Wc/olwich,  aged  4 1 ,  Capt. 
£dw.  Barlow,  Royal  Art. 

yipril  10.  At  Bcxiey  Heath,  aged  54,  Jo- 
seph Farthing,  esq.,  of  Milehrook- Cottage, 
CO.  Radnor,  and  formerly  of  Norton,  near 
'Jaunton,  Somersetshire. 

yiprit  U .  At  Stone  Castle,  in  his  70ih 
year,  Rohert  Talhot,  esq. 

Lbiccstersiiire.— La/e/y.  At  Ravenstone 
Hall,  Leonard  Foshrooke,  esq. 

jipril  4.  Aged  72>  John  Saville  Hyde, 
esq.  of  Quorndon. 

Lincolnshire. — March  19.  At  Brigg, 
Wm.  Owston,  esq. 

j4piU  16.  At  Louth,  aged  75,  CM. 
Clarke,  M  D. 

Middlesex. — yfpril  18.  Aged  86,  Sil- 
vester Lowdcn,  esq.  of  Lower  Edmonton. 

At    Barnet,   aged  70,  John  Cattley,  esq. 

Monmouthshire. — March  28.  At  Chep- 
stow, in  the  house  of  James  .Jenkins,  ebq. 
Harriet  Sopliia,  second  dau.  rf  Rev.  David 
Williams,  of  Hoyte.shury. 

Norfolk.— fW'.  12.  At  Cromer,  aged  24, 
Geo.  'J'hos.  Wymiham,  esq.  of  Cromer  Hall, 
and  of  (lavlMirst,  Bucks.  He  was  the  son  of 
John  W)  n.iham,  esq.  hy  Elizaheth,  dau.  and 
heiretH  of  Hichard  Onlton,  esq.  and  Mary, 
dau.  of  Geo.  Wrighte,  esq.  of  Gayhur^t.  He 
married  July  12,  1826,  Mario-Augustn,  se- 
cond dau.  of  Renr-Adm.  Windham,  of  Fcl- 
hrii!g  Hall,  and  niece  to  the  late  Rt.  Hon. 
Wra.  Wiiidliam.  Two  months  liefore  his 
death  the  greater  part  of  his  new  residence 
at  Cromer  was  destroyed  hy  fire  ;  and  imuie- 
diatcly  before  his  decease  he  hail  hy  the  death 
of  hii  second  cousin, Miss  Wrighle, of  Gay- 
hurst  (see  p.  379)  succeeded  to  the  large 
pro|)erty  of  that  family. 

Latt'li/.  At  Attlehorough,  Eleanor  Mary, 
«ife  of  the  Rev.  James  Young  Cooke,  of  Se- 
mer,  and  eldest  dau.  of  Rev.  Fairfax  Franck- 
lin,  rector  of  Attlehorough. 

Northumberland. — At  Rothhury,  aged 
IOy»  y«*Hrs,  Tihhy  Allan,  widow  of  the  m»to- 
rious  Northuniherland  piper,  Jemmy  Ailen, 
hIio  lermin«ied  a  life  of  singulai  advcniure, 


vicissitude,  and  crime,  id  DarhelB  geol*  tJbamt 
twenty  yeara  ago. 

NoRTiiA.MPToysHiitft. — jlprU  18.  At  tlic 
vicarage,  Brackley,  Caroloie,  wife  of  the 
Rev.  C.  A.  Sage. 

OxoN. — March  29.  At  tlie  house  of  his 
son-in-law,  Mr.  James  BikM,  Woodstockt 
aged  57,  Alexander  Rinselly  esq.  of  Bridge- 
water-sq  ,  London. 

Shropshire. — Jan,  &  At  Shrewahwy, 
aged  70,  Mr  John  Hiram  Haycock,  erchi- 
tpct.  Several  of  the  public  buildings  ia 
Shrewshury  are  from  his.  designs,  particu- 
larly the  County  Gaol,  the  Town-hall,  and 
Allatt*s  Charity-school.  As  •  man  of  bosi- 
neiis,  he  was  highly  respected;  as  n  firteod,. 
a  husl>and,  and  parent,  he  was  deservedly 
esteemed. 

March  1 5.  Lucy,  relict  of  Hugh  Smythe, 
esq.,  third  son  of  late  Sir  Edw.  Smythe,  Bart. 
She  was  seci.nd  dan.  and  co-h.of  late  Edw. 
Sulyarde,  esq.  of  Haughlej  Park,  eo.  Sa]o|>, 
and  sister  to  the  Rt.Hon.Ledj  StailFurd.  She 
was  married  to  Mr.  Smvthe  in  1 803,  end  lefi 
his  widow  in  1822,  wtt^  tn  only  child,  Locy, 
who  was  married  in  1886  to  tnt  Hun.  Henry 
Benedict  A  model  I. 

Somerset.— ilforcA  9 1 .  At  Beth,  Geoq^e 
Clarke  Symonds,  esq.  of  Hinlon  Abbey, 
Som.,  fbrmerW  Cept.  18th  Light  Dngooos, 
and  brother  or  late  Col.  Symonds,  M«P.  for 
Hereford. 

March  20.  At  Dunster  Castle,  aged  74, 
Mary,  relict  of  J.  Fownes  Lnttrell,  esq.  M.P. 

March  27.  At  Beth,  Penelope,  relict  of 
OllhertTrewe  BeckettTumer.esq.  ofPteleigh 
House,  Westbury,  end  also  widow  of  Thqnies 
Phip|is,  esq.,  by  whom  she  was  mother  of 
Lieut.- Col.  Phipps  oftheRoyel  Dragoons 
and  T.H.H.  Phipps, esq.  of  Leighton-lKHBe. 

jlpril  2.  At  Bath,  John  Seymour  Davis, 
esq..  Inspecting  Barmck-ma^ter-gen.  of  the 
south-west  district,  and  Capt.  Slst  reg. 

jlprit  9  At  Bath,  aged  79,  Edw.  Wetts, 
esq.  of  Hanslope  Park,  Bucks. 

/tpril  12.  At  Hone  Corner,  neer  Taunton, 
aged  55,  William  Oliver,  esq. 

At  Bath,  Frederick  Keppel,  esq.  of  Lex- 
ham  Hall,  Norfolk. 

LatHy.  At  Taunton,  Charles  Poole,  esq. 
banker,  aged  45. 

STAPFORDSiiiRB.-^Laie/y.  At  LichBeld, 
aged  74,  the  relict  of  the  Rev  Geo.  Parker, 
Rector  «)f  Oddingiey,  Wore,  whose  muidcr 
in  1806  has  recently  been  legally  investi- 
gated, and  has  excited  much  atteution. 

Suffolk. — March  19.  Henrietta,  wife 
of  the  Rev.  J.  Bickersteth,  Vicar  of  Acton. 

Surrey.— La/c/^.  At  Dorking,  in  her 
70th  year,  Eunice,  wife  of  T.  Phil|*s,  esq. 

Jpril  5.  Aged  6b',  Wm.  Devis,  esq.  of 
Bletchingley. 

SussEZ.-^il/arcA  24.  At  Brighton,  Ljuly 
Mary  Anne,  wife  of  Adm.  Sotheby,  and  sis- 
ter to  the  Earl  of  Mayo,  the  Bishop  of  We- 
terfoid.  Lady  de  Clifford,  the  Deao  of  Osabry, 
&c.     She  was  the  fourth  ilau.  of  the  M^t 


OtlTUABT. 


JI830.] 

lUr,  Jotcpb-DttM  third  Earl,  aad  Abp.  of 
Tumi,  bv  ETu.  only  cUu.  of  Sir  Riemnl 
Meade,  Bart,  and  titter  to  John  firtt  Earl  of 
CUnwUliam ;  and  wat  married  to  tha  Admiral 
IB  March,  1 806. 

March  99.  At  Wiston  Park,  a(nd  89» 
Franoea,  tecoad  turviving  dan.  of  to«  late 
Cbaa.  Gorior,  etq. 

April  6.  At  Brighton*  John  Walter*  ttq. 
tecood  ton  of  lata  W.  VV.,  etq.  Devooth.«pl. 

Ajnil  9,  At  Htttingt,  Henry  Bunham, 
e%q.  (if  Rochettt,  E^tex,  aod  Portland- place, 
a  Director  of  tlie  VVctt  Middletex  Water- 
woikt,  aod  lata  M.P.  for  Rve. 

Wabwick. — At  Edghttton  Groire,  aged 
<»4,  R«>bcrt  Smith,  etq.  for  many  yeart  tha 
heail  tti  «*iia  of  the  largett  commercial  eata- 
bli%k:Beott  in  BimiDgham. 
Wilts.— >AfarcA  84.  At  Soroerford  Keyoet, 
Anne,  wife  of  Kev.  N.  G.  Woo<lroffa«  tha 
Vioar,  aotborett  of  **  Shadat  of  Character," 
and  other  vorkt. 

April  IS.  At  Trowbridge,  John  Waldroo, 
etq   late  of  the  King't  Dragoon  Giiardt. 

VoaK. — March  13.  At  Wett  Frimttone, 
Mr.  Mafk  Foatyn*  aged  101.  He  watcoach* 
man  to  the  Hun.  Dr.  Trevor,  at  the  time  ha 
»aa  traotUted  to  the  tee  of  Durham,  in 
176-2. 

March  81.  At  Hoviogham  Hall,  aged 
70,  Hdw,  Wortley,  etq. 

Mori  h  89.  At  Hull,  aged  80  years,  Ap- 
pletoo  Bennison,  etq.  architect  and  bnilder. 

April  8.  At  Leedt,  Mary,  eldett  dao.  of 
bte  Charles  Giblirt,  etq.  of  Devices. 

April  11.  At  Kirk  £IU,  aged  6,  Mary, 
only  dau.  of  Capt.  Whitaker,  K,N. 

^  kUL*,-^ April  7.  At  Swantea,  Sutanna, 
yimnger  dan.  of  lata  Reynold  Thomas  Deere, 
esq.,  and  titter  of  Mrs.  W.  Salmon,  of 
Peollyna  Court,  Glamorg. 

A/ril  8.  At  Llaorirst,  Mr.  John  Thomas, 
teDi«»r  Commoner  of  Jetns  college,  Oxford. 

April  10.  At  (trediogton,  aged  81,  Pe- 
regriiM,  youngest  dau.  of  the  Right  Hon. 
lyird  Kenyoo. 

ScoTLASD. —  At  the  North  Mnir  of  For- 
far. Peter  Smith,  sged  103.  He  was  one 
of  those  who  were  pretsed,  in  the  vear  1 745 , 
ti«  assist  in  convening  Prince  Charles  Ed- 
ward's baggage  from  that  quarter  to  tha 
north,  and  was  a  walking  chronicle  of  the 
occurrences  of  thote  timet. 

Irclajid. — Dec.  17.  .At  hit  teat.  Beach 
Mount,  CO.  Limeriik,  Thoniat  Lloyd,  etq.. 
Knight  in  Parliament  for  cliat  county,  and  a 
Kiog't  Couotel  in  Ireland.  It  iHm  on  first 
Parliament,  having  bean  chosen  at  the  ge- 
neral election  in  188S. 

Lately.  Ellen,  wife  of  Henry  Wallts,  esq. 
ttf  Distrane  cattle,  eo.Cotk,  and  eldest  dan. 
of  the  Iste  (trice  iimith,  esq.  of  Ballynatniy, 
cu.  Waterford. 

March  19.  At  Dublin,  from  a  woaad 
received  in  a  duel  with  Capt.  Smith,  of  the 
.*i?d  regt.,  ariaiugfruro  an  accidental  rencon- 
tre ill  the  street,  Standith  Staroer  0*Grady, 


381 


ts(|.,  a  Commbsioaar  of  Baakmpla,  smi  mi 
Edw.  0*Orady,  esq.  Chairwui  of  tha  eowty 
of  Waterford,  aod  oaphaiv  to  tha  Chief  Ba- 
ron. His  remains  were  intarred  oo  tha  tftdi 
in  the  fitmily  rault  at  Knockany,  ooualy  of 
Vimarick. 

April  3.  At  Dobim,  aged  76,  tlia  Right 
Hon.  Anne,  Countess  of  Ormooda  and 
Qssory.  Sha  was  the  only  dau.  and  hair  of 
John  Earl  of  Waodesford  t  waa  narriad  io 
1769,  to  John,  Earl  of  Ormonde,  (whoaa 
peerage  was  restored  in  1791,)  aod  waa  Uh 
bis  widow  in  1795,  having  given  birth  to 
tha  late  and  present  Marquess,  two  other 
sons,  and  two  daus.  Her  Ladyship  exptodat^ 
a  long  life  and  a  splendid  income  in  har  na- 
tive country.  The  handsome  vill^po  of 
Cattleoomer,  co.  Kilkenny,  remaios  a  raeord 
of  what  a  retident  proprietor,  poeeessiog  o 
noble  fortune,  can  accomplish. 

Abroad.— ^Moe  80.  At  Agra,  E.  L  aged 
51 ,  George  Blunt,  esq.  son  of  the  laU  Wal- 
ter Blunt,  esq.  of  Wallop,  Hants. 

July  8.  At  Ellickpoor,  £.  I.,  Heleo,  td 
dau.  of  the  lata  Hon.  Wm.  Erskioa,  Lord 
Kioedder. 

July  84.  Lt.-Col.  Frederick  Rah,  C  B. 
and  K.  H.  This  eflioar  had  the  tampoiiry 
rank  of  Capt.  7th  haU.  line  of  the  Kiog^ 
German  Legion,  19th  Oct.  1608  {  waa  pro- 
moted to  ba  Miyor  4th  batt.  1810.  Ho 
terved  in  Flanders,  and  at  the  battle  of  W»- 
teriooi  and  was  promoted  toi  tha  raak  of 
Lt.-Col.  by  brevet,  dated  the  daj  cf  iho 
battle. 

Sept.  4.  At  Baltimore,  U.  S.  where  ho 
had  long  resided.  Sir  Richard  Lytlleton 
Reynell,  fifih  Bart.,  of  the  kingdom  of  Iro* 
Uod.  Ha  was  the  son  of  Thomas,  an  ofi* 
cer  in  the  army,  skia  at  Saratoga,  ia  1776, 
and  succeeded  his  uncle  Sir  Richard  io  tbo 
Baronetcy  in  1 798.  It  has  now  devolvod  oo 
his  only  torviving  brother.  Major.- Geo.  Sir 
Thomas  Reynell,  K.C.B. 

SepL  8.  At  Hingolie,  in  his  1 8(h  tear, 
Lieut.  Jas.  WiUiamsoa,  of  the  Nisam  s  8d 
inf.,  youngest  soo  of  Lieut.-Col.  W.  C«no- 
maodant  of  the  R.  Mil.  Asylom,  Chelsea. 

Sept.  16.  At  St.  Vincent's,  aged  90,  the 
Hon.  Robert  Gordon,  President  of  the  Cooa- 
dl  of  that  Island. 

Ocl.  8.  At  Bombay,  James  Joseph  Spar- 
row, esq.  Third  Member  of  the  Cooorll  of 
that  Presidency. 

Oct,  5.  At  Calcutu,  aged  1 8,  Ferdioaad, 
4ih  and  youngest  son  of  Charles  Gooiga 
Beaucleik,  of  St.  Leooanfa,  Sussex,  ce<|. 
(great  grandson  ttt  the  Ut  Duke  of  St.  At- 
lian*t),  and  EmilyCharlotto,  8ddau.  ofW. 
Ogilvie,  esq.  and  her  Grace  Emilia  Mary, 
Duchess  dow.  of  Leinster. 

iVbo.81  InSpaobhTown,St.Catberint*8, 
Jamaica,  at  tha  extrcoke  age  of  151  years, 
Mrs.  Judith  Crawford,  hi|ply  esteemed  by 
all  who  had  tbo  pleasure  of  her  acqoahit- 
anca.  Sha  had  the  power  of  her  bodily 
strength,    as  well  as  her  fiKultiet,  untU 


382 


Obituary. — Bill  of  Marialily. — Markets. 


lArm 


withm  ft  hw  day*  of  her  death.  She  re- 
aenbered  the  dreadful  earthquake  of  l^S. 

Dec.  i6.  At  Paris,  Jane,  wife  of  Roger- 
aoa  Cotter,  etq.  and  mother  of  the  Counteat 
De  Labette. 

Jan.  9.  At  Malta,  Samuel,  yooDgest  son 
of  Rev.  Rob.  Jarratt,  Vioar  of  Welliogton. 

Jan,  9.  At  Oibtaltar,  aged  37,  Capt. 
John  Macdonald,  of  Arisug,  eo.  loTemess, 
Fsymaster  of  Royal  Wehh  Fuiileers. 

Jan.  18.  At  Homfam^,  aged  63^  the 
Princess  Louisa  Caroline  s^hia,  of  Solms 
Braunfels;  sister  to  the  late  Prince  Fre- 
derick-William, the  second  husband  of  the 
present  Doehess  of  Cumberlaod. 

Jan,  28.  At  New  Streliu,  aged  76,  his 
Serene  Highness  Prince  George  Charles 
Landgrave  cf  Hesse,  cousin  and  brother-in- 
law  to  the  Grand  Duke. 

Feb,  7.  Aged  88,  M.  Gostelin,  one  of 
the  most  illustrious  members  of  the  Aca- 
demy oi  Belle  Lettres,  and  one  of  the  most 
learned  geographers  of  Europe.  He  was 
borne  at  Lille,  in  1741. 

Feb.  14.  Aged  73,  the  Dowager  Grand 
Duchess  Louisa  of  Weimar. 

Fdf,  15.  At  Paris,  M.  de  Lavalette,  for- 
merly Directer-Ganend  of  the  Post-Office, 
who  was  condemned  to  death  in  1815,  but 
was  saved  by  the  hermc  conduct  of  his  lady, 
seconded  bir  Sir  Robert  Wilson,  Mr.  Hutch- 
inson, and  Mr.  Bruce. 

Feb.  tl.      Aged  81,  Maro-Antoine-Jules 


de  Clermont-Tonaerre,  a  Carduml  sad  Pier 
of  France.  He  was  bom  at  Paris,  Jan.  1 , 
1749. 

Feb.  84.  At  Paris,  John  Hawks,  esq.  of 
Gateshead  Iron  Works,  near  Newcastle- 
upon-Tyne. 

At  St.  Kiu*s,  Mr.  Rich.  Cabb,  editor  mad 
joint -proprietor  of  the  St.  Kitt*4  Advertiser, 
firom  endeavouring  to  extinguish  a  fire  in  h.s 
bedroom. 

In  Curdistan,  by  assaeaination,  Dr.  Sehnlz, 
Professor  of  the  University  of  Gietsen,  who 
hsd  been  sent  out,  at  the  expense  of  thn 
Kiog  of  France,  to  nsit  Asiatic  Tnricey  and 
Persia.  Two  servants,  a  soldier,  and  a  Pernan 
Serjeant,  who  accompanied  the  nnfertonate 
traveller,  vrere  likewise  assassinated. 

Count  Buzon  de  Perii^ord,  brother  of 
Prince  Talleyrand,  and  Governor  of  the 
Chateau  de  baint  Germain. 

At  Rio  Janeiro,  Eliza-Mary,  dan.  of  the 
late  Lieut. -Col.  the  Hon.  Esme  Stnart  En- 
kine,  and  grand-dan.  of  the  late  Lord  Chan- 
cellor Erskine. 

At  Boulogne,  aged  61,  the  wife  of  Sir 
Jeremiah  Homfiray,  of  Llandaff-Hoose,  Gla- 
morgansh.  sister  to  the  dowager  Lady  Lyoeh 
Blosse,  and  dau.  of  John  Richards,  esq.  of 
Cardiff. 

Jfiril  17.  At  Avranches,  in  Normandy, 
Lieut.  Edward  Preston,  R.  N.  second  scm  of 
Rear- Admiral  Preatoc,  of  Askam  Bryan,  in 
the  CO.  of  York. 


BILL  OF  MORTALI  FY,  from  March  94,  to  AprH  to,  1830. 


Christened. 
Males      -     801 
Females  -     778 


} 


1579 


l^uried. 
Males    - 
Females 


M^  Ua  flwws 

-  809  ) 

-  740 ) 


Whereof  hare  died  under  two  years  old 
Salt  55.  per  bnshel ;  1  id.  per  pound. 


t  and    5  10$  1 

5and10 

65  1 

10  and  90 

58  1 

90  and  SO 

79  1 

80  and  40 

117 

40  and  50  136  \ 

50  and  60  170 
60  and  70  169 
70  and  80  144 
80  and  90  66 
90tad100     9 


CORN  EXCHANGE,  April  96. 

Wheat. 

Bariey. 

Oats. 

Rye. 

Beans. 

t,     d. 

s.     d. 

s,     d. 

s.     d. 

J.     d. 

78     0 

37     0 

39     0 

34     0 

40     0 

KentBa^ 5/.  Ot.  to  6/.  155. 

Sussex  Ditto 4L  155.  to  5/.  155. 

Essex 5^  05.  to  6L  6t, 

Famham  (fine} SL  95.  to  OL  05. 


Peas. 
5.     d. 
87     0 

PRICE  OF  HOPS,  AprU  96. 

Famham  (seconds) 72.    0#.  to    9L 

Kent  Pockets SL  19s.  to   9^ 

Sussex bl,    bs.  to  6L 

Essex bL  19i.  to  7L 


05. 

Of. 
6. 
Os. 


PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW,  April  26. 
Smithfield,  Hay  2/.  155.  to  5/.  05.        Straw  2/.  55.  to  9/.  105.       Clover  Si.  lbs.  to  bLbs. 

SMITHHELD,  April  26.    To  sink  the  Offal— per  stone  of  8lba. 

Lamb 65.  Od.  to  7«.  Od» 

Head  of  Cattle  at  Market .  April  96 : 

Beasts 9,778      Calvw  181 

Sheep  and  Lambs  1 8,090      Figs     980 

COAL  MARKET,  April  26,  275.  od.  to  345.  9d. 

TALLOW,  i*et  cwu— Town  Tallow,  40*.  Od,     Yellow  Russia,  385.  6d. 

SOAr. — Yellow,  715.  Mottled,  805.  CurJ,b-25.— CANDLES, 75. iwrdoz.  Moulds, 85. 6</. 


Beef 35. 

Mutton 35. 

Veal 55. 

Pork 35. 


Ad.  to  35.  lOd. 

Od.  to  45.  id, 

Od,  to  6s,  Od, 

Bd,  to  45.  Sd. 


1830.1  t    MS     ] 

PRICES  OP  SHAKES,  April  10,  ISao, 

Allli*Oef.<:fWOa"E,  BiByruH*.  gK  'CJiMBeAlWj, Comhill. 


[      384     ] 

MEIEOKOLOGICAL  DIAKY,  by  IV.  CAR Y.  Stiand. 

fi«i  ASarch  96,  (e  April  93,  liiilO,  Ulk  acliuivr. 


Fahrcaheil'a  Tliern;. 


IS   I   S7      «0      G4    ' 


9  ;   «l      6S 


m     ^      ,  so  duudj 

H  f  &A  windv 

I  SDcImuj 
Hfti  ;  so  run 

;  63     jillti   '      ,  St  rain 


DAILY  PRICE  OK  STOCKS, 

FniH  iSarth  19,  lo  April  96,  IBSO,  boA  intbaiae. 


Hi 


I  ill 


19  Hd.- 

i3;hoi.'- 


1    t,- lus)  1 1 VI  Bipn. BO  7B  pn. 

;|     jj loaj  i 1 81  BSiOb' J7  78  pm. 

i     i  , "»l  i , ; |SI  B*p»- 77  79  vm. 

!j I09t  i ' ]      at  pm. 1  78  79  jm. 
i — ^ loa  li ,    "  p" 7»  78  pa. 

(i     } ■ lOa   li ,     83  pm.    Mt  78  79  yn. 

*9*l     i^—    aajlOli  a  IMl    I9  1^— |     88  pin.. ■  78  79  |.ib. 

S9tj     j  DS}  IOl|  a'lO*!   19  ; '■  78  80  pa. 

I  9!}  St; 100  |l01{tljl04i    igli— I     B9  |Ha.—    78  SO  pa. 

J9a|     i' ,IOoi^lD9t  i;l04}'   l»l'.— 1     8a  pm.^— — I  ao  81   pm. 


-   .    i^H  fifloiioo    1083  ilio*4  I9f 1    Bs  pm .  81  80  pa. 

!j3»i    is»i    I 99i  luaj  i  10-ii  laiaMiessspni 8o  81  pa. 

ijsilal.'***    3' aiijiDiiaiioH  i9i J    aa  j.m.  9}^:  so  si  pa. 

!  sii    las      i nflj  loa    iiMj  idJmi^     ea  ]>iii j  ao  79  pa. 

-Mi      IjHJi  innj  a9jlDJllil04i  19iS43   l      ai  pm T 9  80  pa. 

■itili     Jnsj  Jiodi  39j'IDli  2  104i  191341        BS  pa. 79  so  pa. 

.jaii     9S94  j,—  99i  101j*i  104j  19l!M8    83B2pin.    9lJ    79  80  pa. 

,    D«i  li9S  BjiOiij  Hniioa     1104),  19f saj    79  so  pa. 


ill 


!  ssi  II 


Soulll  SoSl.wlt,  M«ill  an,   IDG.— April  ati,  103. 
OldSuutl)  Sc>Ani>.  ApiU.gii.— tl,  91J. 
J.  J.  ARMJIX,  Stuck  Bn>kcr,  Buk-lmildiap.,  Corul.in. 

lue  UiCHkRUSiiN,  CiHiDLtrK,  an.l  (^ 


GENTLEMAN'S  MAGAZINE. 


JM.CI... 
a.Hn. 


■•i-Sur-lliilT(i*. 
'«l.ly  RnM 


LccdiS-UiiMUr 


i.tiartluBn 


Kc>clinirt.^lbli 


wadiU-W.n^ 


~Uuu] 


MAY,    1830. 


llCllB 


tPOBLISHEO  JUNE  I,  1830.] 

•rfilnal  ConmunkatlBntf.  ;  fUiac't  H'iiiof7  of  Nonli  Doilua 4B( 

CoiiupaiiDucE. ^e6  :   Sttun'i  Alhtot 4a; 

Spnch  of  Lnrd  PdnwritMi ISC 

Taraer't  HUtur;  af  Htntori it. 

CB>aat(]r  iiD  iha  Cliureli  Rctcdu 


1  HUhn 


1.107  "•  ' 
<-.   No.  1 


:i.»>ic*L  M I MOHANDt— Virgil  UliMtnud  887 

Ob  ih*  OrMk  of  St.  Luk( SSI 

P*}M  KoiRht'i  *aniun  oTOafi  •>  IknL".  3S9 

Iniruil**  C]trt^n>BB. — Squinil  ksI 891 

MnnioMr  Pedigm.— Cbarch  Bcoefien  .  ..39t 

/rbf  lUbnildLng  gf  LftnbMb  PaUoc 893    ,    B.ie(rpu>  nuuiriea 

(Walk  thmaeblhaHiihluKlf 383   ,   WtUtfT'i  Eoglith  DictioBuj 

F»nil;erf:|icp|i.rdarSiiSUk 39S    ,    Briton'i  HiiLon  nrGliiiioMlnCilbeilnl, 

Ch>ncMrorSir3uiiittlP>7inB 400       "        "    "  '"  "    " 

Gowcr')  MrnimWDi    401 

Rcpcin  at  St.  SairiiHir'i,  SoMhiiwk 401 

Ou  ilia  Aulhonhip  oT  JuDiut 403 

Dnlnuniin  of  tlu  Jnaiti  IB  Fnaec.  .404,  408 

DniidicBl  StoBM  BMr  Si.  E1<4 405 

HnyU;  '•  Pilttria  to  th*  Hchci'lM  " it. 

Archiiniun  of  Sdiibury  Ciilicdnl toe 

Church*!  of  St.  Mania,  St.  Edaiund,  aad 

St.  ThoBU,  Salitburf 408 

4otic«ofTariunek 409 

Ob  Modtn  Uw  Rcforai 4I« 


,449 


,   Scott'*  Doom  of  Dcforgoil,  lie. 
FiHi  Ait*.— Rojal  Aodamj— 

u>i  PhjtionBM 444-448 

LiTUiRT  IikTtLLiOEHCi.-N**  PgUicMJooi  448^ 

LiUrarj  Bad  ScicDtlGc  SucieUo,  Sic 149 

Suic-T  Pa*T>v 4S9 

Ififtsncal  CbTBiiicIr. 

PrveHJion  is  pmcot  S«uiuB  uf  CarlianMB*  4 
Fonigo  Nc*i,  ISU.— DaninticOgcun«ocM4 

IVauotiuDi,  &c.  439.— Marriani 4 

OaiTUARri  ■ithMamoinofViK.  ljft»di 


Ob  the  Nob 

TbeU.«riaTnaM>a 

iMim  tf  Jim  pubUMtian^. 

Uak«'*  TrBTak  io  tho  Mmm 

ao*W*  Lifc  oT  Bidiop  Km 


H.T.  FanuUri  Sir  Oaud*  ScMti  Vlea- 
Adm.  Sii.).N. MmiU I  Adn. SirE. NHki 
Mtj.-Oaa.CStuuti  Col.Haika,&e.£e.4 
Bill  of  MortBlilT^-MirksU,  478'— ShBnB479 
MciMToIoginl  Diaij. — Frio**  af  Stoet*.. 480 


Aad  Oow8«'t  MomtiwiiT  tl  St.  SiTiaua'i 


By    SYLVANUS    URBAN,    G«ht. 


t    386    ] 

MINOR    CaRRESPONDENCB. 


W.  B.  obs«nret,  "  the  account  given  in 
p.  62,  of  the  discovery  of  See-qomh-yah, 
the  Cherokee  Indian,  respecting  the  re- 
ducing his  native  verbal  language  into 
writing,  bj  an  alphabet  of  his  own  inven- 
tion, especially  when  carried  on  to  numerals, 
is  very  curious.  It  reminds  me  of  a  little 
essay  I  contributed  to  the  Archaeologia,  on 
the  India  method  of  Picture-writing,  nearly 
fifty  years  ago,  in  conseouence  of  a  memoir 
on  the  subject  then  lately  communicated  to 
the  Society  of  Antiquaries  by  the  late  Go- 
vernor Pownali." 

Arbitrator  remarksy  '*  I  am  at  present 
engaged  in  a  reference,  and  the  merits  of 
the  case  entirely  depend  upon  the  construc- 
tion to  be  put  upon  ah  abbreviated  <  w*' 
written  at  the  end  of  a  line,  in  an  instru- 
ment SOO  years  old,  whether  it  is  to  be  con- 
strued unth  or  without.  The  usage  U  in  fa- 
vour of  the  latter  construction,  and  I  shall 
feel  obliged  to  any  of  your  readers  who  ean 
inform  me  whether  <  w*'  is  au  abbreviation 
ever  used  for  without,  in  old  documents, 
e8])ecially  in  the  16th  century." 

An  old  Subscriber  remarks,  <*  the  claim 
of  the  late  amiable  Mr.  FitzOerald  (see  p. 
431)  to  be  <  representative'  of  the  Des- 
mond fitmily,  would  not,  I  apprehend,  be 
acquiesced  in  by  the  Irish  Heralds ;  but, 
even  if  that  claim  could  have  been  substan- 
tiated, his  boast  of  the  Dnke  of  Leinster's 
being  of  his  family  would  be  yet  unfounded. 
Your  readers  will  see  in  Sir  William  Be- 
tham*s  '  Antiqiuu'ian  Researches,'  that  the 
Earls  of  Desmond  were  of  a  junior  branch  of 
the  Earls  of  Kildare,  progenitors  of  the 
Ducal  house  of  Leinster. ' 

S.  R.  inquires,  **  What  was  the  practical 
result  of  Sir  Samuel  Garth's  snccessftil  sati- 
rical poem,  entitled,  '  The  Dispensary  ?  ' 
Was  a  Dispensary  founded,  as  proposed  by 
the  College  of  Physicians  ?  or  any  other  ar- 
rangement made,  productive  of  public  be- 
nefit?" 

G.  S.  has  been  misled  by  a  statement  in 
Debrett's  Peerage,  which  states  Louisa, 
daughter  of  Augustus  4th  Earl  of  Berkeley, 
to  have  been  the  wife  of  the  late  Sir  Eliab 
Harvey.  He  will  find,  on  further  inquiry, 
that  the  Earl's  three  daughters,  "  Ladies 
Louisa,  Elizabeth,  and  Frances,  were  all 
three  born  on  the  same  day,  July  «8th, 
1749,  and  lived  to  be  christened,  but  died 
ioon  afUr  "  (Collins*s  Peerage,  by  Brydges, 
vol.  iii.  p.  695).  Lady  Louisa  Harvey  was, 
however,  a  half-sister  of  the  infimt  with 
whom  she  has  been  confounded,  being  a 
daughter  of  the  same  mother  (Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Henry  Drax,  esq.)  who,  after 
the  Earl  of  Berkeley's  death,  became  the 
third  wife  of  Robert  Earl  Nugent,  and  by 
him  mother  of  the  late  Marchioness  of 
Buckingham  (and  Baroness  Nugent),  and  of 
Lady  Louisa  Nugeaty  married  (as  we  cor- 


rectly stated)  to  Sir  Eliab  Harvey,  and  still 
surviving. — Relative  to  another  of  the  same 
Earl  of  Berkeley's  daughters,  the  late  Mar- 
gravine of  Anspach,  Debrett  has  two  incor- 
rect dates.  She  was  married  to  the  Mar- 
grave, Oct.  30,  not  18,  1791 ;  and  he  died 
not  Dec.  1805,  but  Jan.  5,  1806.  Her 
Highness  died  Jan.  31,  1888.  In  the  tame 
page  (and  asain  in  p.  872),  we  should  for 
Charlborough  read  Charborough.  Debrttt'a 
Peerage  still  requires  a  great  deal  of  purging. 
The  inquiry  proposed  by  a  Conbtamt 
Reader  relative  to  the  family  of  Theodoro 
Paleologus,  a  desceadaat  of  the  Chriaiian 
Emperors  of  Greece,  #ho,  having  narried 
an  Englishwoman,  died  in  1686,  and  waa 
buried  in  the  Church  of  Landulph  in  Con- 


wall,  waa  made  withpntivtoeivinff 

in  our  volume  Luii.  Pr  719.    Hia  epitaph 

will  be  found  there  priAtML 

Air     OCCAAIOKAL     CORttiPOItDIMT     !•- 

nafk»>  **  In  my  letter,  f.  194 •  respecting 
the  Tierney  family,  there  u  a  tinan  error  : 
instead  of  *  Aft.  Tierney  genen))y  reaided*' 
it  ehould  have  been  Mrs.  (via.  TboflMa) 
Tierney,  &c.  And  it  might  bare  been 
added,  *  that  that  children  were  brought 
up  and  educated  in  England,'  whence  it 
may  be  inferred,  that  It  via  not  ooavtnieBt 
for  the  father  to  come  to  thla  eonntry. 
Was  Miss  Tierney,  who  BMiried  tbtRer. 
Stephen  Weston  ^  ®70}y  «  rdatioa  of  tbe 
family  above  menttonid  ?^ 

Nicholas  Stone,  the  fery  emiaaot  Sta^ 
tuary,  who  lived  in  tbe  lei^  of  Jftnee  the 
First,  and  execnted  amoj  elynt  Monu- 
ments in  diflenat  pots  of  toia  ooimtij» 
particularly  one -for  the  Bedford  fomUr,  ia 
said  to  have  had  many  peitioelan  or  hie 
works,  with  the  charges,  inaerted  ia  a  book 
formerly  in  poeaeeskm  of  Vertne  tbe  en- 
graver. Any  infomatioB  reepieting  thia 
curiooe  document,  if  cstenty  or  wImIi  bbj 
lead  to  the  dUcovery  of  ita  Dnseot  poe- 
sessoTi  or  the  repoeltoiy  ia  wliieh  it  b  pre- 
served, will  oblige  Q. 

Can  any  of  our  ConeijKNidaBta,  acquaint- 
ed with  the  miooto  history  of  the  Civil 
Wars  of  Charles  the  First,  inform  L.  what 
were  the  circumstaaoes  alluded  to  in  the  Life 
of  Sir  John  Denhaai  the  Poet,  respectiay 
which  Dr.-  Johason  remarks,  *<  that  the 
knowledge  of  Cowley'e  hand"  in  a  eorve- 
spondence  oanied  en  betweea  the  Kiag  aad 
his  friends,  havin|»  endangered  his  deteetioay 
he  happily  escaped  ?  [See  Johaeoa*s  liwea 
of  Poets,  vol.  L  p.  105.] 

Informataoa  b  nqaested  respecting  Henry 
Stubbe»  said  to  have  been  laeiuaoent  oif 
Spilsby  in  Liaeolashire,  temp.  Jae.  L  his 
family  and  descendants. 

The  Letter  of  J.  H.  relative  to  the  old 
Mansion  at  Sttaa,  b  referred  to  the  Hblo- 
rian  of  NorthnDfitonahifc. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S     MAGAZINE. 


S= 


MAY,    1830. 


ORIOINAX.  oomniMiOATioirs. 


CLASSICAL  MEMORANDA.— No.  IL 

YIRQIL   ILLUSTRATBD.— THE  ORBIK  OF  8T.  LVKB. 


3.  nnHE  Boeolict  of  Virgil,  while 
M  ihcy  realise  the  cooipiiineQt  of 
m^ilt  mifUM  facetum  bestowed  on  the 
deticate  and  elegant  style  of  their  com- 
positioo»  are  yti  not  without  some  ob« 
acurUies»  which  eiren  to  this  dav  seem 
to  haTC  eluded  all  attempu  at  illustra^ 
tioo.  Let  us  take  the  first  Buoolic, 
TV.  64-69»  for  one  example  of  difficulty 
y«&  unsolved : 
HhM  tibii  ^am  seaiper  yietao  ab  Kaiite 


Ujblws  apibas  flofem  dtpatta  salioti. 
Slips  Wvi  Bouiaaai  saadsbit  inirs  tusano : 
Hioe  aliA  Mib  nipe,  &c.  &c. 

Here  Heyn^  begins  with  confessing 
that  tliere  is  much  embarassmeot  in 
these  verses.  Depasia  for  depmsia 
est  is  awkward  :  and  then  setnper  is 
strangjcly  out  of  place.  Would  not 
fMi  ^M^Af  make  the  sentence  more 
clear  ?  Then  too,  one  may  fairly  ask, 
can  fiMV  apibuM  depasia  esi,  stand  for 
qumm  9pe$  depaseuniur,  in  respect  of 
the  tense?— «  point  of  objection  not 
impregnable  perhaps,but  quite  enough, 
as  far  as  that  point  is  concerned,  to 
make  the  whole  passage,  in  its  com- 
mon interpretation,  rather  worse  than 
better. 

Suppose  we  were  to  try  what  a  mere 
change  in  the  punctuation  might  do. 
to  set  everv  thing  right,  and  even  with 
increased  beauty,  in  three  sweet  verses 
hitherto  generally  ill  understood. 

The  poet  Shenstone,  in  his  Posthu- 
mous Essays,  somewhere  has  an  obser- 
vation, that  of  all  phrases  in  the  Eng- 
lish language  none  comes  to  the  ear 
with  more  touching  eflect,  than  the 
pathetic  "no  more.**  On  the  same 
ground,  may  we  not  uy,  that  "once 
more,*'  and  ''  as  ever,"  are  entitled  to 
rank  amongst  the  most  pleasing  of 
associated  sounds^ 

Is  there  any  thing  then  to  hinder 


over  semper  from  carrying  that  delicht- 
tiil  association  along  with  it?  The 
murmuring  of  the  bws  on  that  willow 
hedge  in  its  bloom,  as  it  ever  has  done« 
(qua  sember,  sc.  suasit)  will  qflen 
again,  as  htfore,  by  its  soft  whispering 
charm  you  into  tne  enjoyment  of  a 
slumber. 

**  Hinc  tibi,  qum  semper,  vidao  sb  Unuta 

wpet 
Hjbbeit  spibus  florem  depaita  ttlicti, 
S^epe  Itvi  aoamuoi  tuadsbit  iairs  •uiurro." 
Obsel^e  too,  particuUrlv,  bv  way  of 
contrut,  the  poor  man  Melinoeos  (vv. 
75-79.)  has  for  himself  a  very  different 
reflecuon,  full  of  sorrow  and  sadness— 
a  **no  more,**  in  truth,  of  the  very 
bitterest  nature. 


*<  Its  iiM«,  ftiix  qnondaas  peoipt,  its  capelbi : 
Non  ego  tos  posihise,  viridi  prc>j«ctiis  fai  aatro, 
DumoM  ptnders  procul  ds  mpe  vidsbo,**  See. 

Few  Latin  schohrs,  if  any,  in  Great 
Britain,  could  have  a  better  title  to  be 
consulted  on  a  critical  question  of  suck 
a  kind,  than  Professor  Hunter  of  St. 
Andrew's.  The  venerable  old  man, 
then  an  octopnarian  (in  18S6),  osi  hb 
attention  being  called  to  the  place,  in 
this  new  mode  of  punctuating  and  e»- 
plaining  it,  delivered  his  opinion  with 
the  utmost  frankness  of  assent. 

<*  I  am  dslightad  with  voar  axplaaatiaar 
of  <  Hinc  tibi,  quis  ssrapsr,  &e.  (BaeoUo.  L 
54.)  It  iaiprovet  tba  syntas,  itstons  the 
pathM,  and  gives  tlspaca  to  a  pssssw,  0% 
say  oUmr  view  &r  ftoa  slsgsat  Withaui 
it,  tba  coBtfatt  is  lost  bsfasa  tba  €omtmued 
happy  copdition  of  tba  ooa  ftlisplMfd,  aod 
the  altered  sad  forlon  sttuatioa  ot  the 
other." 

Let  the  nest  editor  of  Viigil  therefore 
punctuate  and  explain  accordingly. 


4.  For  the  Attic  purity  of  the  "Stw* 
Testaioeiit  Greek,  m  respect  either  of 


388 


Classical  Memoranda. — The  Greek  of  St.  Luke.      [Majr, 


diction  or  generally  of  syntax,  few 
])erhaps9  if  any,  ad?ocates  now  remain. 
As  far  as  EnglisU  scholars  are  con- 
cerned, our  own  countryman,  ihe  ex- 
cellent Thomas  Gataker,  may  be  con- 
sidered as  having  contributed  his  share 
to  set  that  question  at  rest  :  in  his 
reply  to  the  Dialrihe  of  Pfochenius 
(ae  Lingua  Grceca  Novi  Tettamenli 
puritalej,  under  the  title  of  Thomce 
Gatakeri  Londinalis,  de  Novi  InstrU' 
menli  stylo  Distertatio.  1648. 

It  by  no  means  follows,  however, 
that  the  Greek  of  the  New  Testament, 
though  marked  with  petty  solecisms,  is 
at  all  deficient  in  the  substantial  dis- 
tinctions of  grammar ;  very  far  other- 
wise. Several  apparent  cases  of  im- 
propriety exist  only  in  the  inaccuracies 
of  version  ;  such  as  even  our  own 
beautiful  and  venerated  translation  oc- 
casionally presents.  A  few  instances 
of  this  kind  shall  be  noticed,  where 
errors  of  some  importance  might  be 
attached  to  words  erroneously  trans- 
lated. 

With  this  view,  let  us  take  up  and 
compare  the  gospels  of  St.  Matthew, 
iv.  18-22.  and  of  St.  Luke,  v.  2-11. 

It  is  perfectly  clear,  that  there  were 
two  fishing  boats,  and  two  sets  of  part- 
ners :  ihe  Jirst  boat  belonged  to  Simon 
Peter  and  Andrew  ;  the  second  to 
James  and  John  the  sons  of  Zebedee. 

Now,  for  the  first  boat,  it  is  obvious 
that  when  our  Lord  addressed  himself 
(Luke,  v.  3.)  to  Simon,  praying  him 
to  thrust  out  a  little  from  the  land, 
Simon  and  Andrew  were  at  once  ready 
for  the  purpose  which  our  Lord  had  in 
view  :  for  without  further  preparation, 
when  he  had  done  leaching  the  people 
out  of  the  boat,  the  two  fishermen  im- 
mediately launched  out  into  the  deep, 
and  took  the  "  great  multitude  of 
fishes"  there  recorded. 

The  context  then  plainly  requires 
what  the  verb  itself  (v.  2.)  most  dis- 
tinctly expresses :  not,  they  "  were 
washing  tneir  nets,''  but  they  had 
washed  (or  cleansed)  them.  And  in 
the  Greek  of  St.  Luke,  it  may  be  as- 
serted, without  fear  of  contradiction, 
tenses  like  axiTcXvixi  and  a^rln-Xuroy 
by  no  possible  chance  can,  without 
{^ross  confusion  of  ideas,  ever  be  sub- 
stituted the  one  for  the  other. 

Let  us  now  pass  on  to  v.  6 :  "  and 
their  net  brake.'*  Their  net  no  more 
actually  brake ^  than  their  boat  actually 
sank.  And  it  is  quite  extraordinary 
that  our  Translators   went  wrong  in 


diippnyyvTo,  when  at  v.  7*  they  h«ve 
expressed  so  very  correctly  the  signifi- 
cation of  fivQl^toQcn,  **  began  to  sink." 
The  plain  fact  is,  that  the  net  seemed 
in  danger  qf  breaking,  as  well  it  mighty 
but  never  brake  at  all.  If  the  net  had 
broken,  and  the  boats  had  sunk,  the 
two  verbs  to  denote  that  precisely 
would  have  been  inffayit  for  the  ooe» 
and  iPvQitrGn  for  the  other. 

Under  all  the  circumstances  of  the 
case  then,  it  must  be  very  clear,  that 
if  the  two  sons  of  Zebedee  (Matt.  it. 
21.)  were  **  mending  their  nets,"  thev 
were  mending  nets  at  any  rale  whicn 
belonged  to  their  own,  the  second  boal 
mentioned ;  inasmuch  aa  the  nets 
which  belonged  ta  theJhH  boat  had 
never  been  broken.  And  Mr.  Blunt, 
if  he  meets  with  this  inggestion,  will 
accept  it  in  the  spirit  of  oandoor  id 
which  it  is  offereJ.  Perhaps  he  will 
see  sufficient  ground  for  withdrawing 
at  once  an  insenioas  bat  uiuiecteary 
argument,  lately  proposed  in  his  Fenh, 
city  (^f  the  Gospels  <ui4  Ads. 

In  the  Greek  of  St.  Lake  this  ooiu 
rectness  of  expression  unifornil]|r  ap- 
pears, sometimes  in  a .  very  striking 
manner.  Thus  in.  the  verb  iwptu6iAmg 
for  instance:  Jesus,  we  are  told  (vii. 
11.)  was  going  (not  **  went**)  iVDptviro,' 
«  into  a  citv  called  Nain.*'  Why- 
IfrofivtTo  f  Because  it  was  out  of  ike 
city,  and  before  he  had  entered  it,  thai 
he*  restored  the  widow's  son  to  life 
again.  The  same  distinction  holds  in 
the  correspondent  phrase  (xvii.  IL): 
If  rtf  vo^tw9%eu  aiMy  df  'itpoiwmX'ifA, 
as  he  was  journeying,  in  tkecomseqf 
hisjourney,  to  Jemsalein. 

In  connection  with  this  remark,  we 
may  observe,  that  Mr.  Benson  (Chro* 
nology  of  our  Saoiour^s  Life,  p.  218. 
note,)  singularly  enongh,  with  h  t^. 
9ropcw0^ou  avrovif  X,  38.  before  him« 
should  confound  tenses  quite  different, 
and  consider  the  authorised  version  as 
inaccurate  at  iit.  21 :  U  rv  ffa,7maK»at 
ocvecrta  to*  Ku^h  "  when  all  the  people 
were  baptised.'*  It  ought  to  have  been 
rendered,  he  says,  "  whilst  all  the 
people  were  baptisioe*  or  being  bap- 
tised." Most  assuredly  noL  J/ter  all 
the  people  had  been  baptised,  will  ade- 
quately and  unequivocally  convey  the 
notion  of  the  Greek.  This  is  not  said 
with  the  least  idea  of  disparaging  the 
merits  of  the  work  above  alluded  tQ* 
evidently  fraught  as  it  is  with  9cat<Q« 


1850.]        P«f«t 

nets  and  originality  of  diaqaisition. 
Quite  the  oootrary  indeed  :  tlioae 
merits  hare  been  very  impeifectly  ae* 
knowledged  hitherto. 

One  more  illustration  shall  suffice^ 
It  has  been  asserted  that  the  Greek  of 
St.  Luke  in  the  use  of  certain  tenses 
is  equally  correct  with  the  purest  Attic. 
This  may  be  particobrly  said  of  the 
tenses  rulgarly  calkd  the  Present  and 
Imperfect ;  which  are  much  employed 
to  ocnoie  actions  in  the  incipieiii  state, 
in  the  state  of  velle  or  of  cpmntus*  St. 
Luke  aflbrds  a  strong  example  of  this 
remark ;  which  b  here  selected*  be- 
cause our  Tersion  (Acts,  xxvi.  II.),  if 
not  carefully  considered,  mi|^hi  lead  to 
a  conclusioo  as  erroneous  as  important. 
"And  I  punished  them  oft  m  every 
synagogue,  and  compelled  them  to 
blaspheme.*'  By  no  means :  it  is  not 
here  ^wfutoM^  which  as  elsewhere 
(MaiL  siv.  99.  Mark,  vi.  45.)  would 
denote*  /  neoeeded  in  eampeUing  ikem. 
The  verb  is  nfUYttm^w,  I  did  my  hitiereH 
to  compel  them,  and  (we  have  every 
reason  to  believe  so)  ufiikmii  effect. 

The  same  line  of  observation  may 
be  carried  profitably  to  a  ftt^i  extent  { 
but  iiulfss  under  tne  auspices  of  sound 
knowled^  and  cultivated  judgment, 
grammatical  criticbm  on  the  Greek  of 
the  New  Testament  will  do  (as  it  has 
done  often)  more  harm  than  good. 


*j  Qrnk  fMniom  of  Oraf$  *'  BmdJ 


969 


10  May.  1830. 


R.S.  y. 


Mr.  UiBAN,        Calckesier,  1830. 

LORD  Byron.in  his'«  EnglishBards 
and  Scotch  Reviewers,"aims  a  very 
satirical  stroke,  in  the  shape  of  sarcas- 
tic irony,  at  Henry  Hallam,  Esq.  the 
respectable  author  of  the  Constitutional 
H  isiory  of  England.  It  b  couched  in 
one  memorabk  line : 

"  And  claMic  Halba,  m«ich  rtoowatd  lor 
OrMk." 

To  explain  this,  a  note  is  appended, 
in  which  Lord  B.  sap, 

"  Mr.  lUUam  revbved  Pajae  Knight's 
*  Taste/  and  was  exceedingty  teverv  on  mmbo 
Grcok  verses  tbtreb  ;  it  was  not  discovered 
that  ths  lm«$  wers  Fiodar's,  till  ths  prsss 
rendered  it  unpoasibb  to  cancel  the  critique, 
which  still  stands  an  everlasting  monaaicnt 
of  HaUam's  ingennitj  " 


Now,  from  reading  Ihb  XDnotatioo, 
conveying  an  assertion  so  poaitivc  and 
exnlic'it,  many,  or,  aa  tbo  French  say, 
all  ike  world,  perhaps,  have  bean  iid 
to  eooclnde  tnat  the  whole  of  tba 
Greek  passs^  in  question  was  really 
to  be  found  in  Pinoar.    But  if  that  be 


»•• 


self,  or  else  ottering  what  he  knew  ta 
be  ontrue,  but  in  so  far  the  edm  of  hit 
satire  will  be  blunted.  Payne  Anight^ 
in  his  *  Principles  of  Taste,'  noticea 
a  bungling'and  inadequate  version  into 
Greek  of  Gray*s  '  Bard,*  approved  bj 
the  writers  of  the '  British  Cntic,'  from 
which  he  adduces  an  extract  aa  a  ape* 
cimen,  with  some  comments  of  nia 
own  upon  it,  and  then  attempts  a  trans- 
lation nimielf  of  the  same  suolime  pas- 
sage in  Gray  that  the  extracted  venioa 
represented,  viz. : 

**  On  a  rock  vboae  hanghtv  brow 

Frowns  o*tr  old  Conway  s  foaming  floody. 
Kobsd  in  the  sable  garb  of  woe, 

With  haggard  sjes  the  poet  stood ; 
(Loose  his  beard,  and  hoary  hair 
otream'd,  like  a  nsetsor,  to  the  troubled  air) 
And,  with  a  master^s  hand,  and  propheC'6fifa» 
Struck  the  deep  sorrows  of  hh  lyie." 

Mr.  K night's  Greek,  as  quoted  in 
the  Edinburgh  Review,  and  as  he,  of 
course,  originally  wrote  it,  is  the 
following : 

wo^  xiXtfiorra  ^ iiO^v 
tret  WfoGXfin 

m  0X9Tl>M  TfO^UfUf, 

yXetvxoic  Mo^hm^  ofAfAaau 
o  T^Mf  iuftit  nriirv  aetio^ 

x^Toc  ^1  xeu  eroXiM 

ytfum  iOxtiatTfAtHu, 

idii^i  ifmwno 

ovXoy  fAtXoi  ^oC^ 

**  It  is  cunnlag  m  Mr.  Ka^ht,"  saya 
his  fsvbwer,  "  to  write  moaostrophias  | 
which  deprives  us  of  the  mtafieatioa  we 
should  have  had  b  ssarohbg  out  &lse 
quantities.  The  fint  line,  however,  b 
worse  thaa  any  &lse  qaaotity  :  wo^  xiXoe 


*  The  above  uMy  not  baptly  6nd  a  paialM  b  tba  caM  af  a  seholar  bfiaitely  grealev 
than  Mr.  Halbm ;  even  the  giaat  of  cbesbal  fiierature,  Benlley  hiaMolt  By  an  aaeodota 
yet  traditicHially  eunent  b  thaS  Unhrersity  of  whbh  he  was  oae  of  the  proudsst  omaawntii 
It  is  saki  that  a  pbo  wA  contrived  aaMWg  soasa  of  the  yooagsi  scholars  of  the  University 


300 


P«yM  KnightTi  Qndt  venim  of  Grmfs  ''Banrf.**  ,     tPI^V 


ianm  ftSfov  b  ■oBMChtag  liin  ad  monaii- 
Um  JUamm,  k  u  tnt  ifaat  Homer  hat 
T»90f  ^»Xiy  •  €g«ra  «fai«b  Lnbeou  oJh 
fiibaie ;  bi^  the  OMe  it  obfioul^  very  ii^> 
imnt  when  (be  aowi  eKpiewai  •■  iMAi* 
MMeihiai^  AftereU,  thisMajbe  aerift^ 
iraft  tod  there  mey  be  a  lurluBg  aotborifty 

inr  the  lieeote.  •  fxtkayx^'^*'^  ***■( 
aeent  the  parmHj  not  the  prepAct.  The 
epithet  ia.tbe  fifth  line  eddb  sochieg ;  the 
ytide  ia ihg  eiith  ie. inefagent.  There  eeemty 
indeed,  to  be  a  notion  among  the  Greek 
poets  of  Cambridge^  that  the  prepoeitive  ar- 
ticle b  abrajt  neoeMary.  Tab  b  not  the 
case,  howevery  we  apprehend,  (in  poetry,] 
unlets,  perhaps,  where  the  noon  expresses 
an  abstract  idea.  In  Homeric  Greek,  it 
ehould  be  omitted  altogether.  Hie  6tb  fine 
U  likewise  very  weak.  tarKt^ctriufou,  in  the 
Bth,  sssas  a  less  poetiBel  form  than  om^vo- 
fitMU.  OTH^  xofAirri)^,  in  the  9ih,  does  not 
mean  ameteor.  tfucm  (we  hope  he  meant 
to  write  t^^rr)  b  an  obsolete  Homeric 
word.  The  elision  of  cu^*  in  the  1 1th,  b 
too  great  a  license  for  so  eliort  a  composition. 
GoXi^  b  wrong  i  that  word  means  alwaya 
rainy  or  mod^,  and  cannot  be  applied  to 
the  atmosphere :  W9  say  that  the  sky  b 
nnuk^  in  a  drawing,  but  hardly  in  nature. 
The  18th  line  b  nonsense.  Finally,  there 
b  little  attempt  made  at  rendering  the  orig»> 
nal  s  and  the  epithets  vf^/^a,  uXoy,  ^o^c^^, 
and  the  like,  are  common-place  and  feeble. 
Mr.  Knight  prints  hb  Greek  without  ac- 
cents ;  and  as  u  him  we  cannot  suppose  ig- 
norance, it  must  be  inferred,  that  be  doubts 
their  antiquity  or  usefulness." 

This,  then,  is  the  whole  of  the  famous 
critique  oq  those  Greek  verses  which 
Lord  Byron  sa^  are  Pindar's.  Having 
had  the  curiosity  to  ascertain  the  fact, 
I  Brst  referred  to  Mason's  edition  of 


Gny,  where,  it  wm  pretty  oertti»»  iff 
the  poel  had  drawn  ihem  -from  aay 
part  of  Pindar,  as  he  matt  have  dooa 
according  to  Lord  B.,  the  imiiatad 
passage  would  appear.  But  nothinx 
of  the  kind  is  there  to  be  fiwiid.  I 
was  then  induced  to  eramine  tlie  wholi 
of  the  Grreek  bard  himself,  and  anrf/ff 
oii^r  of  Mr.  Knigbi*s  Uamlation  can, 
if  1  am  not  mislaken,  be  discnyeied  iii 
him;  tiz.  dtffjM  ^  e  fiyyuf  SkapA 
roNsxcKy  taken  fiooi  the  lOlh  Nenwao 
ode,  V.  141,  edit.  Htjwmi  wMcfa  Mr; 
HalUm,  (or,  at  leai^  the  Edinbntgh 
critic,)  had,  onfartnnatBlj,  dechtred  to 
be  **  nonsense.*'  TTih^  nodoobi,  eonitt* 
toted  theorigin  of  Lord  Byron's  charge^ 
probably  not  arising  oat  of  his  own 
discovery,  or  pfudcnce  miglithave  dic- 
tated a  more  qoaliGed  eoodemoation. 
It  would  be  needless,  at  this  distance 
of  lime  from  the  date  of  the  oritiqne 
and  of  the  satire,  to  make  any  sosiiarin 
upon  the  remainder  of  the  Mviewer's 
strictures,  farther  tlian  to  obsuit,  tliat 
siooeliook  tlietnMibletolookthrQagli 
Pindar  I  have  obtained  a  ai||ht  of  an 
edition  of  Fsfne  Koigbtis  boDk»  snbt 
sequent  to  the  firs^  in  which  the  an- 
jtbor  so  fiu*  bows  toihejn^nentof  his 
critic,  as  to  alter  ("Afw  to  fsiflgwg — and 
that  he  irentnrsa  to  state,  with  a  degree 
of  scomfol  superiority,  that  nntil  the 
Edinburgh  Reviewers  passed  aentenoe 
upon  the  line  from 


c« 


It  was.  vniversally  tiuN^gfaft  to  aapsyss, 
with  peeoliar  lores  aad  delicacy,  the 
tore  oip  indignation  and  tendensese  t 
priale  to  the  grief  of  the  here  of  the  i 
as  well  as  of  sIm  ancieat  ode.    Tha 

lane^  i  fAtkovyxkiuMOi  ewf ,  ibey  aae  j 


SB  so  be  Bide 


and,  if  we  remember,  with  the  concurrence,  if  not  the 
with  more  ingenuity  than  strict  propriety,  to  entrap  the  _ 
purporting  to  be  a  theme,  was  skilfully  drawn  vp,  and  so  artMK 
else  than  a  cento  <^  classical  phrases,  and  someUmes  whole  dnuees 
to  wear  the  appearance  of  violating  some  of  the  ieceiisod  enasms  -of 
without  involving  the  direct  breach  of  them.    The  tbiun  was  deBened 
and,  at  the  period  of  which  we  are  speaking,  the  good  eld  casinnn  af 
themes  had  not  fitUen,  as  it  now  is,  so  generally  into  disasa.    Tim  wrhw 
summoned  before  our  classtcal  Rhadamanthus,  and  was  leceisad  wi 
frowns  :   "  Sir,  in  this  theme  you  have  violated  eosne  cf  she 
classical  composition."     Our  student  ventured,  with  all  doe  hnnili^,  to 
of  the  errors  pointed  out ;  and  be  had  at  the  same  time  taken  care  so 
various  small  editioni  of  the  classics  from  which  the  pi      _ 
marked ;  insomuch  that,  whenever  the  Doctor  oHeeted'to  am*  phiaae 
confuted  by  a  sight  of  the  very  words  themselves  from  a  dassic  of 
And,  afternaving  uttered  many  luch exclamations  as,  ** Then,  Sir. 
or  '*  Sophocles  might  havp  written  better  Greek,"  or  <*TlmcyilidB 
compositioo  of  tliis  lonif  and  |*tr|»leRed  senunee,"  oar  ArisCaicbvs  ( 
veoieat  to  dismiss  both  tlieme  and  student  tmetber^  having  leant  a 
biy  Bsvsr  forgot. 


I8».] 


InirmkH  Cl€rg9^^tMi 


»k 


tDMyaMMljflM#»A^«rmij  to  that  tin 

■UMI  Im  tiM  vicar  tad  cvato»  or  fwrfatft  ihft 
iaaa  aad  ehtpltr  ofieialiBg  oatha  oeeaMoa* 
aa  a  lawtwad  gaBiUnaao '  appaara*  officiatiag 
ta  tha  faatral  tcaaa  of  HomutW*  •  Harhfl 
Prngrm,*  That  mch  critiot  should  know 
aajthbg  of  tba  distiaet  naa  ol  tha  articlaa 
io  Hooiarie*  Piadaricy  and  Attic  eoanpoal- 
tioBy  it  would  ba  absurd  to  expact*' 

Whether  the  Utter  part  of  thb 
t«reeping  tenlence  be  geoerally  appli- 
cabtc  to  the  writert  in  the  EdiDburgh 
Eteview,  mey,  perhaps,  be  left  to  the 
dccisioD  of  those  who  recollect  their 
criticisms  upon  Dr.  Barney's  Tenu- 
men.  Dr.  Butler's  Eschylat,  or  Por* 
soo's  Hecuba.  T.  Grimes. 


Mr.  Urrav, 


May  8. 


A  LETTER  inserted  in  the  Gen- 
tleman's Magaiine  for  February 
last,  paj^  too,  oontained  a  representa- 
tion Ol  circuBittancet,  stated  to  hare 
occurred  (n  the  wcat  of  England,  at  a 
meeting  cooreoed  in  a  country  pariah, 
in  order  to  ctuhlish  a  Bible  Ajaocia- 
tion.  I  have  very  Utely  had  an  inter- 
view with  the  retpcGiahle  Curate  of 
that  parish,  who  reaisted  the  otject  of 
the  meeting,  and  who  feels  aggrieved 
hf  the  representation  above  referred 
to  I  and  being  assured  by  him  that  the 
Ibllowing  is  a  more  correct  statement 
of  the  facta,  being  also  desirous  thai 
fbU  justice  ahould  be  done  to  all  par- 
ttea,!  feel  bound  to  admit  and  to  pub- 
lish it,  as  given  on  the  word  of  that 
gentleman,  and  as  not  having  been 
present  myself  on  the  occaaion  ra- 
lerred  to. 

No  prevkws  poaitive  information  of 
the  meeting  was  given  to  the  Clergy- 
man, until  the  morning  of  the  day  on 
which  it  waa  held :  when  informed  of 
it,  although  he  gave  the  informant  no 
reason  to  expect  that  he  should  attend, 
yet  he  did  not  my  whether  he  should 
attend  the  meeting  or  not ;  but  on  af- 
terwards observing  from  a  written  no- 
tice that  a/<  p€nm»  wiUmg  /•  co-ope- 
nU  in  ike  dtiiribmikm  ^  ike  sacred 
Seripimres,  were  iuviied  to  attend,  he 
thought  it  hb  doty  to  be  ptesent.  He 
came  to  the  meeting  aloaf,  without 
previous  concert  with  any  one,  and 
stated  opciilf » that  as  a  member  of  the 
Society  mr  nomottngChfiittan  Know- 
ledge, which  sells  fiibim  on  lower 
terms  than  thoie  of  the  Bible  Soeia^t 


and  not  having  Iba  lapotion  of  the  BU 
shop  of  the  diocese  for  holding  the  iii« 
tended  meeting,  he  felt  himself  calle4 
upon  to  oppose  the  establishntenl  ol 
such  an  association  ;  addiiWE,  mora* 
over,  that  if  the  poor  wouGf  oc41ecl 
their  pence  together  in  the  maonei 
proposed,  they  should  be  wppUed 
wito  the  Holy  Scriptures  by  bim  at 
lower  prices  than  those  charged  by  the 
British  and  Foreign  Bible  Sociefi?; 
and  that  the  most  indigent  shoold  le 
furnished  with  them  gratuitously.  He 
immediatdy  afterwanls  purchssed  a 
number  of^  Bibles  and  Prayer  Books» 
and  took  measures  for  the  (till  perform* 
ance  of  his  promise. 

In  thb  conduct  it  b  evident  thai 
there  wss  no  want  of  candour,  but  that 
the  conduct  pursued  by  the  Clergyman 
of  the  parish,  however  much  it  majr  bo 
lamented  by  the  friends  of  the  British 
snd  Foreign  Bible  Society,  was  straight- 
forward, open,  and  manly,  and  as  soeb- 
it  was  acknowledged  by  the  agient  oC 
that  Society,  who  was  present. 

Haviujl  thus,  at  the  request  of  the 
party  principally  concerned  in  one 
case.  Riven  pubfieity  to  the  statement 
made  by  himself,  csndour  requires  tbo 
mme  course  to  be  pursued  in  another 


A  Cleroyman  of  highly  respectable 
family,  who  conceives  himself  impli- 
cated in  the  char^  of  having  attended 
a  wrestling  matcn,  positively  asserta 
that  his  being  present  on  that  occa- 
sion was  eniireij/  accidenial,  and  only 
in  consequence  of  some  business  whicn 
he  had  with  a  gentleman  of  the  ne^- 
boorhood,  who  could  not  at  that  time 
be  met  with  elsewhere ;  that  be  heU 
no  commonicatloo  with  any  of  his  pa- 
rishioners respectiiig  it,  nor  saw  any  of 
them  therei  and  that,  so  ht  fifoin  dc* 
siring  U>  countenance  scenes  of  licen- 
tiousness, he  discourages  them  on  all 
occasions  which  he  thioks  suitable^ 
and  often  preaches  apMist  them. 

Ahhougn  the  writer  of  thb  fceb 
bound  to  say  that  he  decidedly  thinks 
there  waa  not,  on  the  occasion  allodad- 
to,  a  sufficient  attention  to  tha  com* 
mand  to  **  abstain  firom  all  appearaDoe 
of  evil,"  yet  on  soeb  authority  he  wil* 
lingly  expresses  hb  coovictioa  of  tho 
truth  of  tha  axtenoatioo,  and  reafBlf 
adds  that,  as  iar  as  bb  personal  knoir* 
Ifdge  ORtends^  the  Clarxyman  in  qnea- 
tioD  bean  an  oprigbt  cbaiacter. 

If,  \nuMfnipf0i9  tba  writer  of  thb 
hare  nnnr nsnaiily  wouodad  the  Geel^. 


BmiKMmi 

Off   pcdi^TBO  ii 


Iffr.  Ukxjut. 

1.    t&arvf  to 

BMie  U  Mr.  Blare,  ifae  hoto-     tbtt  300 
nan  of  Biliirfhiir,  in  p^  230  of  tkM     fivii^ 
work,  to  rrt e  «■  aeeoBBt  of  the  cvi.     per  •■ 
dneci  and  reaooot  of  hb  irjeeciac  the     srttnB,  be 
Mtboriij  of  Do^djle,  f o  the  Mo^Mi.     Af 
coo,  foL  iL  p.  2SS,  O.  E.  sf  Id  that 
pnt  of  theucdiycc  of  Mortimn-  whiefa 
rdatei  to  the  docmt  <»f  Hq^  «oa  of     (vhich 
Royi  de  Mortioier,  Baroo  of  ITi^     their 
■Mffe,  who  died  in  1815  (17  John), 
which   HoKh  if  bj  Mr.  BSore  eoiK 
Mdcfvd  »  the  n  of  Rocer  by  hit  k^ 
eood  wife,  and  Rilph  (who,  accotdi^     6r  the 
to  the  MonHticon,  foceeedrJ  to  the 
Baraoj  oo  the  deeease  of  thv  H^gh, 
hb  half  bfotber)  to  hare  beco  the  um 

bjr  the  feraer  wife:   »  that  if  Mr.     

Bore  be  correct,  and  Di^gdale  in  an     ila  tot  fraiis 
OTor,  Haigh  de  Mortiaer  dring  in 
197   waa  not    Baton   of  Xfi 


W7l4^mik 


n. 


ISaa]  Lambelh  PaUux. 

Mb.  Uibay,  Jtfoy  8. 

I  SEND  you  ■  view  oT  Lambeth 

PaUcc,  ikeichcd  rram  the  north  connected  wiih  our  church   hiiion) 

tide,  immediaicly  aficr  the  remotal  of  (here  hu  been,  ■■  might  well  be  tx- 

the  maurUU  befonRin^  to  ihoie  part*  peeled,  «  itudioiu  care  oa  the  pen  of 

of  the  edifice  Mhieh,  in  ihe  monlb  of  the  Archhiihop  of  Cantcrbuiy  to  pre> 

July  lasg,  ii  wii  found  occauij,  on  lem  all  ihc  leading  naaiki  bv  which 
•ccoantortheirdeMwdud-miMnt  UopiplMr.  iIm  biM>> 

condiiion,  to  lake  iama,  mi  Bcarijr  ''"~^p~-      ""  ruing 

on  the  lite  of  whieh  tha  oew  bM)il><W  P  ui  ^i^    If*  AcMl 

■re  now  rapidljr  proeecdiiKt  wwr  IM  —.•—-. 

ikilful  Hipcriniendion  MMb  Blan 
lo  completion. 
'"  '•■!*K^  »M  thne  tiDM  dcitraj- 

MmImi  cd  and  m  often  nbuili,  wiih  iariou» 

'  ml  tbe  inicmniu  triMoni    and    impiore- 


1648  10  1000.    The 
braty.  In  1640,  mm  uTcd 
by  iu  KBoval  al  the  luf^ 

Stion  oT  the  leamMl 
den  lo  Cambiidge. 
Bui  Chicbcly't  hall  wtt 
pulled  down,  and  the  na- 
lerial*  told  by  Scot  ihe 
rrgieide.for  h  It  prime  uie. 


RebnilibyAbp.Juun, 
after  the  mioralion  in 
l()60.  Sufawiioenily  to 
which,  the  library,  at  the 
demand  of  Abp,  Juson 
and  hit  tuecctMtr  Shel- 
don, wat  lettirned  fTom 
Cambridge :  replaced  by 
Abp,  Sbeldoi),  and  aug- 
ncaicd  bj  him  aitd  tac- 
cewivc  Archbithopi. 


JUAiion  of  the  Ii- 
bniv  fboDdod  by 
Aitnbiihop  B«i>eroft, 
wbouhiidcaih,l6lO, 
boqaMthed  all  hit 
booht  to  hit  lucc*^ 
tort  in  the  See  fu 
ever.  A rchbiihop  Ab- 
bot, who  tuccetdcd, 
added  alto  his  book*. 


The  foregoing  pariicubn  may  tuf- 
fice  lo  thow  that  ihe  teveral  Mytcu 
inirodueed  inlo  the  iketch  moil  re- 
nurkabla  for  their  antiquity,  and  for 
ihe  hitlorical  atiociaiioni  they  cacilr, 
liarcbeenitudioutly  preterved  throush- 
oul  the  rcceni  impnneroe nii  at  the  Pa- 
lace, at  far  at  the  ravagei  of  lime  pcr- 
milted.  The  foregrouud  of  ihe  view 
it  DOW  occupied  bylhe  north  tide  of 
ihe  new  Pjace.  The  wall  with  the 
iwocbimniH  to  thelefifiHfiUPfafcJ 
matka  the  tile  of  the  bnildingi  then 
patlly,  and  tince  entirely  takco  down. 
The  neecwiiy  for  thit  meaiure,  tbni^h 


Yon 


ihcd< 


viublc. 


from  the  extraordinary  mgndoMa  of 
ihc  linibcrt,  hat  been  carefully  ictain- 
ed  ;  and  the  walla  are  now  rebuilding, 
10  form  ihe  principal  ilining'rooio,iiia 
GtVT.  Mho.  AToy,  laao. 

2 


A  further  moil  judicioni  adaptatiott 
conaial*  in  convening  another  hand- 
tome  portion  of  thit  ancient  builditig 
inlo  a  proper  receptacle  for  the  Taiioni 
literal*  ircuuret  with  which  i 
been  long  known  lo  abound, 
will  olncrve,  thai  in  the  view  are  re- 
preienied  the  hmhorn  and  vane  be- 
lonsing  to  ihe  great  hall  called  Juxon't 
Hall.  They  appear  above  the  roof  of 
the  Guard-chamber  which  intcrcepu 
the  remainder  of  thii  elegant  building 
lliit  Hall,  eminent  for  iit  grandeur  aiia 
bcauiifol  proportiont,  hat  been  con- 
Terted  witn  tinftular  tkill  and  felieity 
inlo  ihearchiepiicopal  libratr;  and  the 
fomier  library,  which  wai  in  the  in- 
terior in  the  nld  Palace,  and  vet;  moch 
decayed  by  lime,  ha*  been  remored. 

Coniiguout  to  the  hall  (or  new  li- 
biirjj  over  a  newly-bnili  internal  gate- 


Lambeth  Palace. 


lM»r. 


my  (vhich  could  not  be  ihown  in  my 
lkelch),ltc«n<lrucledalire-pioorioom, 

for  ihe  prexrvaiion  or  ihe  oianuteripu     from  the  parish  church  of  Lambeth, 
•  I j_  ^r  .„i.:-i.  I —       Through    the   tJale-hooie,   or  "great 


and  invaluable  records  of  which  Lio)- 
beih  Palace  has  so  long  been  ihe  de' 
posilory. 


gale"  (shown  in  ihe  annexed  wood- 


inio  an  area,  whence  turning  lo  ibe 
right  you  proceed  under  the  ntw  ialer- 
itat  gateway  above  described,  into  a 
spacious  court-^ard,  having  Jijxon's 
hall  (now  ihe  library)  and  the  dining 
room  (lale  the  guard  chamber)  on  the 
west  side;  the  new  buildings  on  the 
north  lide;  an  ninamenled  wall  with 
gateways  lo  the  out-oflicet  on  the  east 
side  1  and  ihf  Church,  in  pan,  on  ihe 
south  tide.  The  Church  lower  is  seen 
in  the  tiew ;  a  buildinu;  in  the  distance 
to  Ihe  leh. 

On  the  north  side  ihe  drawing  ex- 
hibils  towards  the  spectator's  right 
hand  other  ancieni  towns  :  that  lo 
the  westward  (partly  concealed  by  an 
elm)  being  the  famt'd  Lollard's  tower. 
"1  jameni,"  says  Pennant,  "lo  find 
so  worlhya  man  {Abp.  Cbichely)  lo 
hare  been  the  founder  of  a  building  so 
repTOuehrul  lo  hit  meinory  as  the  Lol- 
lard'siower,  nt  the  expense  of  near  £80 
pounds.  Neither  Proiesianti  nor  Ca- 
tholics should  omil  visiting  this  tower, 
the  crurl  prison  of  ihe  unhappy  fol- 
iawera  of  ^^'Ickliffe.  The  vast  staples 
and  rinf{9  to  which  they  were  chained 
before  they  were  brought  lo  the  slake 
ought  lo  make  Prolcilanls  bless  the 
hour  which  freed  ihem  from  so  bloody 
a  period.  Catholics  may  glory  that 
lime  has  sofiened  their  zeal  into  cha- 
rily for  all  seen,  and  made  ihem  blush 
at  these  memoriali  of  the  misguided 
leal  of  onr  ancestors."  (Pennant's 
London,  4to.  i;g3,  p.  so.)  Between 
ihe  Lollard  •  lower  and  that  eastward 
of  it,  is  the  north  side  of  the  aDcient 


chapel,  of  which  the  rait  end  is  re- 
martiable  Tor  live  narrow  window! 
seen  in  ihe  centre  of  the  »ievif. 

You  will  observe,  therefore,  that 
ihe  new  Palace  is  creeling  chieflj  od 
ihe  site  of  the  old,  eitrnding  eattmrtl 
from  the  lofty  lower  that  ailjaini  the 
chapel.  The  plan  apl>eai»  lo  me  lo 
be  in  the  best  laste,  partakina  diic6y 
of  a  Golhic  character,  and  well  worthy 
of  tia  designer,  Mr.Blore,  one  c^our 
ablest  reitoren  of  Golhic  art.  All  ihc 
new  work  will  be  of  stone.  The  piin- 
cipal  doorway  will  be  up  a  Right  of 
steps  between  two  high  lowers  in  the 
centre  of  the  north  side  of  the  new 
court  yard  above  described. 

The  buildings  which  occupied  lb  It 
latter  she  consisted  of  the  dining  locun 
and  gallery,  exiending  along  ihe  whole  ' 
of  the  old  north  front,  logether  wilh  a 
Eiudy  and  chambers  in  the  rear  of 
them,  but  having  no  rooms  over  ihem. 

Oihtr  building*  removed  from  the 
spot  adjoining  In  that  where  the  wall 


:  showi 


s(si> 


euker 


I  in  the  sketch.  Ai  theao 
'r  of  ihe  guard-n 


•  Euaru-room  were  IHe 
„  KTanti-room,  ihe  kit- 

chen,  and  other  offices ;  the  Kile  of 
all  which  now  farms  a  part  of  the 
cnurl-yard.  A  new  kitchen  and  officet 
will  be  commodiously  erected  we*t- 
ward  of  the  stale  dining- room. 

Where  lo  much  retiuired  rei>o*a- 
lion,  it  is  surprising  ihal  so  liule  hat 
been  changed.  Those  venerable  re- 
mains, the  Krand  gateway  and  towen 
near   the   Chujch;    the   hall,  called 


I6sa] 


ifalk  ihroMgh  ih€  Highlamdt. 


Jiuioo't  Hall;  the  water-tower  (next 
the  Thames);  tlie  Lollardt*  tower;  itie 
chapel ;  and  the  high  brick  lower  east- 
ward of  it— all  of  tnem  objecu  of  deep 
antiquarian  interest— sire,  or  are  about 
10  be,  repaired  without  amr  alteration 
of  the  style  externally.  These  being 
all  the  buildings  of  the  old  Palace 
which  could  be  seen  from  places  com- 
manding a  view  of  it  or  from  the  river, 
will  l>e  thus  preserved  entire  j  nor  in- 
deed will  the  alterations  and  improve- 
ments be  particularly  observable  ex- 
cept from  within.  From  no  point 
will  a  view  of  the  ancient  parts  of  the 
Palace  be  intercepted  by  the  new  ;  and 
it  appears  to  have  been  the  object  to 
leave  untouched  as  a  sacred  relic  of 
history  every  well-known  feaiure  of 
this  remarkaole  edifice. 

The  new  Palace,  now  nearly  finish- 
ed, combines  complete  accommoda- 
tion for  purposes  of  slate  as  well  as 
of  domestic  comfort,  in  the  latter  of 
which  requisites  the  old  building  was 
miserably  deficient. 

Shoola  you  consider  the  foregoing 
account  worthy  of  your  columns,  I 
shall  be  ready  to  furnish  you  on  a  fu- 
ture occasion  with  a  drawing  of  the 
new  Palace.  J.  L. 

Walk  through  the  Highlands. 
{OmHnued  from  page  900.) 

AT  Cairndow  every  thing  delicbted 
us:  the  whole  of  our  hoal%  do- 
main, but  paniculaily  hit  garden, 
which  appeared  extremely  neat  and 
productive,  a  clear  and  rapid  atream 
watering  iu  bcmlers.  This  incloterf 
spot,  in  such  a  couniir,  was  lo  me 
peculiarly  pleasing.  Within,  all  was 
calm,  warmth,  and  sunshine.  Without, 
on  the  summits  and  sides  of  the  moun- 
tains, were  storms,  winds,  and  cata- 
racts. The  contrast  was  very  striking ; 
aad  while  on  the  hills  you  might  have 
fancied  Ossian  and  all  nis  heroes,  their 
hair  sighing  to  the  blast ;  the  incloson 
was  sMiiered,  cultivated,  and  English: 
**  So  svcet  a  spol  of  earth,  yoo  might,  I 


Have  guets'd  sone  cuogregatiun  of  the  civet. 

To  sport  by  svmmer'a  mooa,  had  shap*d  it 
>     ^t.        I •• 


395 

very  beautiful  species;  their  coats  dark, 
curly,  and  glossy,  and  their  counte- 
nances eminently  betokening  good  ho- 
iiiour  and  fidelity.  They  were,  I  be- 
lieve, the  common  shepherd's  doc  of 
the  country,  and  peculiar  to  the  High- 
lands. One  of  these,  lending  a  flock 
of  sheep  in  the  road,  pariicuUrly  look 
our  fancy,  and  we  wished  much  to 
have  had  him  for  a  fellow-traveller. 
Luaik,  however,  was  doubtless  ttill 
more  prised  by  his  master  than  by 
ourselves,  and  we  should  have  had  but 
a  poor  opinion  of  this  man,  if  be  oould 
have  been  prevailed  upon  to  part  with 
his  doff. 

Both  the  scenery  and  the  weather 
were  now  very  beautiful,  though  heavy 
and  threatening  clotids  lowered  in  the 
disunce.  The  hilk  were  fine  and 
lohyi  those  in  our  immediate  neigh- 
bourhood <«  white  over  with  sheep." 
On  their  tall  summits  shadows  froai 
the  clouds,  as  if  in  mimic  chase,  were 
quickly  passinc  and  repassing;  and  the 
effect  produced  was  wonderfully  pleat- 
ing, "  when  all  the  checquered  land- 
scape seemed  alive.**  There  was  a 
brisk  breexe  on  Loch  Fyne,  and  the 
vessels  of  the  fishermen  were  scattered 
here  and  there  over  ita  surface,  in 
rapid  motion ;  their  white  sails  bellying 
kissed  the  swelling  surj^. 

The  road  by  the  side  of  the  Lake 
was  extremely  pleasant ;  its  sides  shaded 
by  hazels ;  the  nuts  abundant,  but  not 
ripe.  On  this  spot  we  also  observed 
the  magnificent  Scotch  thistle ;  and  the 
wild  flowers  on  the  banks  were  nn- 
aod  beamifnl. 


for  themtelvetJ 


At  this  place  we  fifst  observed  the 
Highland  costume.  We  here  noticed 
the  first  kill,  and  several  females  in 
plaidcd  cloaks. 

In  this  neighbourhood,  also,  we  first 
noticed  tereral  dogs,  of  a  peculiar  and 


Wliilt  ■— ipiificirt  IB  adding  to  our 
stock  of  miiimt,  lor  which  there  waa 
here  ample  opportunity,  we  encounter- 
ed one  of  the  most  terrible  of  storms. 
Nothing  wai  wantins  but  the  thuoder'a 
roar,  and  lightnings  flash,   to  hevp 
made  it  truly  awful.    The  horizon  was 
darkened,  and  the  rain  descended,  oa 
the  instant,  in  torrents.     Umbrcllaa 
were  altogether   unavailing,   and  we 
severally  sought  more  substantial  shel* 
ter.  I  threw  myself  at  full  leo^h  uodcr 
a  ragged  portioo  of  overhanging  roek, 
which  sheltered  me  almost  completely 
from  the  storm,  and  had  kept  the  men 
sod,  which  was  my  couch,  peiicetlv 
dry.    "The  thick  hazels  were  arouool 
The  rustliiig  oak  waa  near :  green  waa 
the  place  oi  my  rest,  and  the  sound  of 
the  distant  torrent  was  heard."  Befi>re 
me  raged  the  storm,  in  all  iu  spleiMloii^ 
The  curtain  of  the  sky  wu  abtoloiel| 


896 


Walk  tkrovgh  the  Highlands. 


[Maft 


black ;  and  the  Lake,  which  lay  ex- 
tended to  my  view,  was  still  more  mas- 
nificent.  Tne  disUnt,  and  eren  neigh- 
boa  ring  hills,  disappeared  :  the  wares 
rolled  dark  and  frightfully;  while  the 
white  surge  rose  to  a  most  forioos  and 
surprising  height,  bellowing,  and,  as  it 
were,  roaring  after  its  prey. 

Sq.  theltered  was  my  retreat,  that 
though  it  was  close  on  the  road,  and  I 
had  a  distinct  view  of  any  one  who 
might  chance  to  pass,  they  never  ob- 
served me.  Two  shepherds  walked 
close  by,  regardless  ot  the  "  pother 
o'er  their  heads,*'  but  trusting  solely  to 
their  plaids  for  shelter,  which,  on  such 
days,  answer  admirably.  Strangers  are 
awkward,  and  unable  to  manage  the 
plaid  ;  to  the  natives  it  is  but  little  in- 
cumbrance, and  when  it  becomes  fair, 
is  thrown  across  the  shoulder,  "  mak- 
ing," savs  Gilpin,  '*  no  very  unbe- 
coming drapery." 

The  approach  to  Inrerarv  is  most 
magnificent.  Owing  to  an  abrupt  turn 
in  the  road,  the  view  opens  suddenly. 
Immediately  opposite — the  Lake  in  the 
interval  forming  a  sort  of  bay — is  the 
small  but  neat  town,  directly  on  the 
water's  edge.  More  to  the  right,  is 
the  Castle  of  the  Duke  of  Argyll,  a 
magnificent  Gothic  pile,  very  finely 
situated,  and  surrounded  by  most  ex- 
tensive woods.  Still  further,  is  a  lofty 
and  picturesque  hill,  also  clothed  with 
wood.  On  its  summit  is  a  watch- 
tower,  commanding  a  very  extensive 
prospect  over  the  Loch,  and  the  ad- 
joinmg  country.  In  the  fore-ground, 
and  close  to  the  road,  are  the  lodges,  of 
corresponding  Gothic.  In  the  Loch 
iish  are  very  abundant. 

Inverar}r  consists  principally  of  one 
street,  which  is  neat,  clean,  and  spa- 
cious, and  adorned  by  a  handsome 
church.  The  Castle  is  placed  in  a 
noble  park,  ornamented  by  numerous 
and  very  fine  trees;  birch,  oak,  and 
lime.  It  commands  a  fine  view  of  the 
town,  the  Loch,  and  its  vessels ;  and 
the  small  but  rapid  river  A  ray  runs 
through  the  domain.  It  is  a  Gothic 
edifice,  of  a  noble  though  modern  ap- 
pearance, but  disfigured  by  a  sort  of 
square  pavilion,  by  which  it  is  sur- 
mounted. The  hall  is  elecant  and 
lofly,  lighted  by  the  pavilion  just 
named ;  the  principal  rooms  going  off 
from  a  gallery  runnins  round  it,  and 
ornamented  with  several  busts,  amongst 
which  were  those  of  their  late  Majesties. 
Below,  it  has  a  very  military,  tnough 


not  venerable,  appemnoe.  It  is  aaed 
as  a  sort  of  armoury,  and  hang  with 
the  muskets,  coloors,  and  other  ■•• 
cootremeotk  of  the  Local  Miliin. 
These,  kept  in  admirable  order,  aod 
tastefully  arrangHt  have  a  very  pleating 
effect ;  yet  I  hsNl  expected  to  nave  aeen 
something  more  of  the  rode  and  oo* 
couth  tapestry  of  the  hall  of  a  High- 
land  chiefbin : 

"  A  target  there,  a  biKle  hate, 
A  battle-axe,  a  huntmg-spear.** 

But  here  there  was  no  such  thii^ ;  and 
the  effect  appeared  to  me  lo  be  good, 
without  being  sufficiently  character- 
istic. The  dinine  and  dnLwing-roomi 
both  command  Deaatifnl  yiewa,  an 
extremely  elennt,  and  of  ezeelleiit 
proportions.  Thcj  are  ornamented  bgf 
some  good  portnits,  and  a  fiew  paint- 
ings done  by  members  of  the  family. 
There  is  an  excellent  billiard-room; 
and  our  conductress  informed  lu,  that 
they  could  make  up  seventy-five -badi. 
We  were  prevented  by  ram  from  at* 
cending  the  Mount. 

We  now  proceeded  throggh  the 
park,  and  by  the  banks  of  the  nm» 
which  shoots  along  menily^  and  pm- 
sents  many  falls.  At  length,  ^f«mvcd 
at  one  very  superior  to  the  reaU  tnd 
which  was  very  noble.  On  its  haalui 
is  erected  a  building,  from  which  it 
may  be  contemplated  at  leisnre.  Soon 
afterwards  we  came  to  the  pnbiio  road, 
which  was  roogh,  steep,  and  very  high- 
land, as  well  as  the  scenery  atoond  iL 

We  had  not  travelled  on  it  ftr  befora 
we  arrived  at  another  Fall,on  therigfat, 
which  struck  me  as  lieiog  peenlnriy 
beautiful.  It  was  surmounted  'by  a 
rustic  bridge;  on  looking  do«m  fmi 
which  it  was  particularly  pleuin^  the 
principal  volume  of  water  having,  fmm 
the  reflection  of  the  ann,  ibotncft 
appearance  of  liquid  amber,  railing 
brilliantly  into  the  pool  below.  Here 
we  were  both  amused  by  the  ntaavailiag 
efforts  of  a  fine-sized  trout  to  snffmount 
the  Fall.  Great  was  hb  ambition ;  bat 
it  was  attended  by  the  nsoal  conse- 
quences—vexation and  defeat  5  and  he 
was  obliged  to  be  content  wth  tlie 
more  humble  part  of  the  ttMsfli. 

Near  a  village — of  more  decent- 
looking  huts  than  common  we  ga^ 
thered  some  wild  raspberrici^  of  to- 
lerable flavour,  and  obaerved  'sevefal 
beautiful  plants.  We  pauad  the  kiA» 
a  substantial  barn-looking  bailding, 
with  little  sash-wii^ws;  and,  aftir 


IftK).] 


Walk  through  the  HlghUnuh. 


397 


fcMlinz  our  eyet  with  the  most  beanti* 
ful  of  ncaTCo't  bovn,  arrived  al  Dal- 
mally  at  four. 

Dalroally  it  an  cscCramely  neat  and 
pretty  ▼illage,  with  an  excellent  kirk 
and  manse,  both  of  modern  date.  The 
former,  we  were  told,  had  not  been 
built  more  than  two  yean.  The  mi- 
niiter  is  Doctor  M*Intyre,  of  a  great 
age,  but  who  atill  continaea  to  dia- 
charge  the  functiont  of  hit  office. 

From  the  door  of  a  hut,  in  which 
we  had  uken  theher,  was  pointed  out 
to  us,  on  an  opposite  hilly  a  residence 
of  a  part  of  the  family  of  the  M'Nabs, 
whose  ancestors  have  been  so  often 
mentioned  as  armourers  to  the  kings  of 
Scotland.  In  less  chivalrous  times, 
they  have  turned  the  spear  into  the 
plough-share,  and  followed  the  pro- 
fession of  blaeksrorths;  though,  we 
were  told,  one  of  the  sons  was  now  a 
commissary,  under  Loid  Wellington, 
and  doing  very  well ;  and  that  he  had 
just  sent  for  another  of  the  fraternity. 
These  people  had  been  famous  for  the 
inanufactuie  of  the  true  Highland  dirk, 
a  couple  of  which  we  wished  very 
much  to  have  procured,  aiKl  would 
have  visited  the  armoury  for  that  pur- 
pose, only  that  our  friends  informed 
US  our  journey  would  be  useless.  We 
were  not  so  fortunate  as  Pennant,  to 
find  even  one  of  them  in  the  shambles ; 

"  A  servicMble  dudgeon. 

Either  for  Bghtiag  or  for  drudging." 

The  property  at  Dalmally  is  chiefly 
Lord  Rreadalbane's ;  and  here  he  has 
a  casile,  which,  I  believe,  he  sometimes 
makes  use  of  as  a  hunting-seat.  We 
had  not  proceeded  hr  on  our  way» 
before  we  encoontercd  his  lordshifra 
gamekeeper,  of  a  truly  Ossianic  ap- 
pearance. He  informed  us  that  the  fish 
and  game  were  very  plentiful,  and  very 
airictly  preserved. 

We  were  now  on  the  banks  of  Loch 
Awe,  across  which  was  arched  a  still 
more  beautiful  bow  than  that  before 
mentioned,  the  aeoondary  bow  extreme- 
ly vivid.  In  these  Alpine  regions  the 
appearance  h  truly  magni6cent,  and 
cannot  fail  to  arrest  the  attention  of 
the  traveller. 

The  streams  from  the  hills  were 
again  nomeroos,  and  greatly  swollen 
^  the  rains.  Gradually  they  increased 
in  namber  and  in  depth,  and  were  to 
•extremely  rapid  in  their  coone,  that 
we  were  afraid  to  venture  into  them, 
lest  we  should  be  precipitated  into  the 
Loch  below.     We  had  therefore  to 


trace  their  course  upwards,  amonnt 
dripping  harles  and  matted  grass,  till 
the  FaliDecame  of  a  breadth  whidi  we 
thought  we  could  leap  over.  Fre- 
quently no  such  a  resource  presented 
itself,  and  we  were  obliged  to  divide 
the  leap  hj  alighting  on  any  loose 
piece  of^  rock  which  mi^t  be  in  the 
middle  of  the  stream.  Tnete  AaW^mfm- 
oi^f  were  not  without  hatard  {  for  in 
ease  either  of  one  foot  or  the  stone 
slipping,  we  shoold  inevitably  have 
been  carried  a  very  considerable  way 
by  the  torrent,  and  the  least  of  our 
misfortunes  would  have  been  a  com- 
plete ducking. 

In  the  midst  of  all  our  distresses,  it 
wu  still  curious  to  observe  the  torrents 
-foaming^  from  the  summits  of  the 
mountains  which  surrounded  ns,  at  a 
tremendoos  height,  and  which  we 
were  soon  to  cross  in  the  Toad.  They 
appeared  to  hang  suspended  over  our 
heads,  while  we  seemed  to  interpose 
between  them  and  the  Loch  only  to 
be  swept  away  by  their  violence. 

We  now  arrived  at  a  really  splendid 
Fall,  on  our  right,  which,  in  a  lets 
Alpine  country,  would  hare  been  yI- 
sited  as  a  great  curiosity.  Over  this, 
of  necessity,  is  thrown  a  neat  and  sub- 
stantial bndge,  on  which  we  rested,  a 
short  time,  to  survey  the  scenery  around 
t»,  which  was  highland  in  the  ex- 
treme. At  no  ereat  distance  from  this, 
the  rocks  by  the  side  of  the  Loch  as- 
sume a  very  singular  and  gloomy  ap- 
pearance ;  tne  Loch  suddenTv  narrows, 
and  the  stream  flows  with  tne  greatest 
rapidity  into  Loch  lEtive.  On  the  op- 
pmite  bank,  in  a  aomcwhmt  perilous 
situation,  stood  an  angler,  well  de- 
fended a^inst  the  rain,  and  who, 
waving  his  wand,  appeared  not  onlike 
the  Gknius  of  the  Country.  Certainly 
he  must  have  been  a  true  sportsman, 
who  had  wandered  sdliurily  in  such 
weather,  and  in  aoeh  a  spot,  in  quest 
of  amusement. 

After  having  undergone  considerable 
fatigue,  we  slept  at  Bunaw,  when^  the 
following  morning,  our  atientbn  was 
attracted  by  a  sort  of  tnanculiv  Mooc, 
or  obelisk,  which  was  witoln  eight- of 
our  inn.  On  appfoaohiM  'it,  w«b  read 
the  following  nioely-tfacM  fntertption : 

**To  THB  MtMoaT  or 
hOiBDKSLSOS 

TBIS  STOWB 

WAS  taacraD  av  vaa 

Loan  FoaMACB  W09MMMM9 

lt05." 


S96 


Family  of  Sheppard,  of  Suffolk. 


[Mmy, 


After  contemplating  this  monnment, 
so  honourable  to  the  Lorn  Furnace 
Worknien,we  recommenced  ourtravels. 
To-day  we  first  found  our  eyes  affected 
by  the  peat^smoke,  but  not  in  a  degree 
sufficient  to  blind  us  to  the  beauties  of 
the  surrounding  scenery.  The  woods 
were  here  remarkably  fine  and  ex- 
tensive;  the  mountain-ash  in  all  its 
glory ;  and  the  clouds  were  dispersed 
from  the  heavens.  We  now  saw  the 
summit  of  Ben  Anachan ;  and  the  dis- 
tant bills  were  clad  in  their  most  beau- 
tiful blue. 

The  shores  of  Loch  Ective,  by  which 
we  wandered,  appeared  enchanting. 
Near  to  Dunstaffnage  Castle,  a  pile  of 
venerable  and  picturesque  ruins,  the 
Loch  has  a  Fall  of  about  four  feet,  re- 
markable as  being  in  salt  water.  We 
now  passed  some  spots  of  ground  to- 
lerably well  cultivated;  and  the  oats 
here,  almost  the  only  crop,  appeared 
very  promising.  The  approach  to  Oban 
is  very  strikins ;  rough  and  rocky.  This 
place  we  reached  about  half- past  three, 
and  with  but  a  very  few  drops  of  rain, 
so  inconsiderable  as  not  to  give  us  the 
least  inconvenience.    The  walk  alto- 

f ether  had  been  delightful ;  and  every 
lighlander  we  met  observed  that,  "  it 
was  indeed  a  grand  day,**  Ushered  into 
a  large  and  well-furnished  room,  we 
thought  ourselves  once  more  amongst 
civilized  creatures,  and  fully  expected 
to  banquet  on  bread :  in  this  we  were 
disappomted ;  but  in  every  other  re- 
spect fared  admirably. 

A  SpBSCRIBER. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  NOTICES 
4^ihe  Family  o/*  Sheppard,  ofMen- 
dlesham.  Ash  by  Campsey,  tVether' 
ingsei,  and  Thwaite,  in  the  County  of 
Suffolk. 

IN  the  "  Biblioiheca  Topographica 
Britannica,**  Vol.  V.  No.  62,  pub- 
lished In  1790,  are  "  Collections  to- 
wards the  History  and  Antiquities  of 
Elmeswell  and  Campsey  Ash,  in  the 
Count;^  of  Suffolk,"  which  contain  a 
slight  incidental  notice  of  the  Family 
of  Sheppard.  The  following  particu- 
lars, in  further  illustration  of  that  no- 
tice, may  not,  perhaps,  be  deemed  un- 
interesting to  the  possessors  of  that 
scarce  and  valuable  work. 

The  Family  of  Sheppard  is  of  con- 
siderable antiquity,  and  was  originally 
seated  at  Mendlesham,  in  the  county 
of  Suffolk.  The  earliest  notice  of  them« 


which  I  meet  with  there,  is  an  in- 
scription on  a  loose  stone  in  the  vestry, 
which  serves  as  a  support  to  the  cbareh 
chest.    It  is  as  follows : 

**  Noniina  Aja9.  Dom*.         Quo, 

**  Mens  egit  not  an*  duos  amor  mras  amorif 

Uniq.  corda  Deo,  corpoim  Jonsit  brnno : 
Uno  Sbeppardi  faimai  cMnmnine  notiy 

Alter  Johannes  altera  &xm  Aiit : 
Ter  temos  natot  bis  binat  ■evimua  ambo, 
Natas  &c  Deoi  hino  pnllnlet  aueta  dom*. 
I:  S:  parenfiavit 
Caetera  Taoec*' 

These  lines  I  have  seen  traiitlated 
into  the  following  doggrels ;  viz. 

«  One  mind  did  both  of  as  direet» 

One  love  united  found ; 
Our  hearts  to  the  one  God  of  Love, 

Our  bodies  to  the  ground. 

We  both  by  one  and  sel&ame  name 
Of  Sheppard  long  irere  known : 

The  wife,  she  was  Elizabeth, 
The  husband,  he  was  John. 

We  both  did  thrice  three  sons  produce. 

And  daughters  h\r  twice  two : 
God  grant  that,  thus  iocreas'd,  our  honsa 

May  ever  do  so  too." 

This  person  I  conclude  to  have  been 
John  Sheppard,  who  resided  in  Men- 
dlesham, in  the  reigns  of  King  James 
and  Charles  I.  He  was  chief  constable 
of  the  hundred  of  Hartismere,  and 
married  Elizabeth,  the  daughter  of  John 
Lane,  of  Campsey  Ash,  gent,  by  Eliia- 
beth,  the  daughter  of  Simon  Blomeville, 
of  Coddenham,  gent,  and  by  her  had 
issue  two  sons  and  a  daughter;  viz. 
John,  of  whom  hereafter;  and  Eslmund, 
who  married  the  only  daoEhter  and 

heir  of ffumberston,  of  Baudsey* 

gent,  who  is  described  as  a  woman  of 
a  tender  conscience,  and  of  exemplary 
piety.  The  daughter  married  Barnabas 
Gibson,  of  Sionham  Parva,  gent  The 
eldest  son,  John  Sheppard,  gent,  par- 
chased,  about  the  year  l652,  the  JBM 
House,  in  Ash  by  Campsey,  of  John 
Glover,  esq.  the  descendant  of  a  family 
which  had  been  long  seated  there ;  and, 
removioe  thither,  made  it  hit.  resi- 
dence. He  married  Bridget,  the  daugh- 
ter of  John  Sedley,  of  Morley,  in  the 
county  of  Norfolk,  esq.  by  whom  be 
had  issue  one  son  and  two  daughters ; 
viz.  John  Sheppard  (of  whom  herer 
after),  Elizabeth,  who  married  John 
Dawson,  of  Framlingham,  apothecary, 
and  who,  dying  the  10th  of  December, 
\662,  was  buried  in  the  chancel  of  that 
church,  where,  on  a  flat  stone,  is  this 
inscription  to  her  memory : 


T830.] 


Family  of  Skippard,  of  Suffolk. 


3M 


•'  Htre  Ijtih  lattntd  the  body  of  £iizA- 
BiTH  DAWfloir,  kto  wiff  of  John  Dawsov, 
of  this  pwisbt  Apothtcftrjy  tho  daiighur  of 
JoHv  SmrpARo  ud  Biidoit  H'm  wifc,  of 
CampMy  Asho.  Whot  dtputad  this  Kfi 
Decembtr  10,  1961." 

And  Bridget,  who  married  Roger 
Brown,  of  Boxford,  gent. 

Mr.  Sheppard  deceased  on  the  14th 
of  FebrtniV,  1669,  and  was  interred, 
under  a  table- luonumenl,  in  the  church- 
yard of  Ash,  with  the  following  in- 
scription to  his  inemonr : 

Ariiis:-»Sable,  a  fesa  Or  between 
three  talbots  passant.  Argent;  each 
carrying  in  his  mouth  a  bird-bolt  of 
the  Second.  Crest:  —  A  lion's  head 
Sable,  issuing  from  an  embattled  towcr^ 
Or. 

*'  Hert  lieth  the  body  of  John  Shappard, 
of  Ath,  in  the  county  of  Suff.  Gent,  who 
deptrted  this  lift  one  tb«  14  Day  of  Fab. 
1C69." 

Jokn  Sheppard,  gent,  his  only  son, 
was  never  married ;  and  dying  Jane 
the  II th,  1671,  was  buried  with  hit 
father,  under  the  same  table-monu- 
ment, in  the  church-yard,  with  this 
inscription  to  hit  memory : 

*'  Hert  alto  licth  the  liody  of  John  Sbcp- 
|)ard»  %aa  of  tba  abovttaid  John,  who  da- 
partMl  this  life  on  the  1  Ith  of  June,  1671." 

He  devised  his  estate  in  Ash  to  be 
sold  by  hit  kinaaian»  Edmund  Skep- 
pard,  jun.  who  thweupon  disposed  of 
it  to  his  father,  Edmund  ShepjMrd,  of 
Hendletham,  gent,  who  married  Do- 
rothy, the  daugnter  of  William  Collard, 
of  kssex,  gent,  the  relict  of  Timothy 
Coelly  of  London,  genL  and  who,  de- 
ceasing April  the  1st,  1676,  was  in- 
terred in  the  north  aisle  of  the  church 
of  Mendlesham,  where,  on  a  flat  stone, 
is  the  following  inscription : 

Sheppard  arms : 

<*  Hera  liath  the  body  of  Edmund  Shtp- 
pard,  gant.  who  departed  this  lifr  April  !» 
I«76." 

His  relict  survived  him,  and  departed 

this  life  the  11  ih  day  of ,  I692. 

She  lies  buried  in  the  same  place,  with 
this  inscription  to  her  memory : 

«<  Bnrytd  bcra  the  Body  of  Dorothy,  the 
Daughter  of  William  Collafd,  of  Essex,  gent.; 
irst  nsarryed  to  Timothy  Coall,  of  LoodoOf 
gtnt.1  afterward  to  Edmaod  Sbappard,  of 
R«odletbam»  cent,  whose  ralict  dyad  upoo 
the  nth  day  of » 169«9  H^d  77  years.** 

The  estate  now  deteendcd  to  the 
above-ucntiooed  Eimtrnd  Skeppmrd^ 
esq.  who,  removing  frooi  Mendlonam, 
made  Ash  bb  fatuie  residence.     He 


was  born  in  l649,  and  married  Anne, 
the  oulv  daughter  of  Sir  John  €>>ell, 
ofDepden,  knif^ht,  ooeof  the  neaten 
in  Chancery  during  the  reign  of  King 
Charles  II.  and  by  whom  he  bad  tatne 
a^veral  children,  all  of  whom,  howevef# 
died  unmarried,  excepting  John,  who 
survived  him.  His  wife  died  many 
years  before  him,  and  was  buried  in 
the  north  aisle  of  the  church  of  Men^ 
diesham,  where,  on  a  flat  stone,  b  tbb« 
inscription  to  her  memory : 
Sheppard ;  im|)aling  Argent,  a  pale: 

««  Htre  Ibth  y«  body  of  Anne,  bto  wife  of 
Edm.  Sheppard,  Jun.  Gent,  and  the  only 
daughter  of  S'  John  Coall,  who  departed 
thb  life  Aug.  1 8th,  1679." 

Thb  Edmund  Sheppard  is  dcKribed 
as  an  honest  gentleman,  a  liberal  house* 
keeper,  and  an  hearty  wellwisher  to 
the  prosperity  of  his  native  county* 
He  was  nigh  sheriff  of  the  county  in 
1689;  and  presented,  in  l607»  hb  re- 
lation, Charles  Gibson,  A.M.  lo  the 
Vicarage  of  Mendlciham  1  and  dving 
at  the  High  House,  on  the  90tn  of 
July,  I708>  was  interred  likewise  in 
the  north  aisle  of  the  church  of  Men- 
dlesham, where,  on  a  flat  stone,  b  thb 
inscription  to  his  memory : 

Sheppard  arms : 

'<  Here  Lyetb  y«  body  of  Edoimd  Shep- 
pard, Eiq.  who  Dyad  July  90,  Anoo  1708, 
Anno  £tatb  SS:* 

He  was  succeeded  by  his  son,  Jokn 
Sheppard,  who,  after  the  decease  of  hia 
father,  made  great  additions  to  the  seat 
at  Ash,  and  considerably  impro%'ed  it. 
He  was  bom  in  lG75,  and  married  the 
Right  Hon.  Anne  Countess  of  Lei* 
cester,  the  relict  of  the  Risht  Boo. 
Philip  Sydney,  fifth  Earl  of  Leioctter, 
and  one  of  the  daughters  and  co- 
heiresses of  Sir  Robert  Reeve,  alias 
Wright,  of  Thwaite,  Bart,  by  whom 
he  had  no  issue. 

The  Countess  deceased  on  the  13th 
of  April,  1726,  and  was  interred  in  the 
chancel  of  the  church  of  Thwabe^ 
where,  on  a  common  slab-stone,  b  the 
following  inscription  to  her  memory : 

"  Ann,  G>onteu  of  Leicester,  Daughter 
of  Sir  Robert  Reete,  Baieeet.  Martbd  firal 
Philip  Sydney,  Earia  of  Leieaaiar  1  afbr- 
vards  John  Sheppaid,  Eaq.  Obc  Apl.  lath, 
i7«6.*' 

By  her  fint  hubend,  the  Earl  of 
Leicester,  the  Coonlcsa  had  iseue  two 
children,  who  both  died  in  their  in- 
bncy.  Mr.  Sheppard  served  the  ofliee 
of  high  sheriff  for  the  county  in  1709, 


400 


Character  of  Sir  Samuel  Prime. 


[Mar. 


and  af^io  in  1714;  aod  presented  io 
the  Rectory  of  Th waite»  in  1 722.  He 
married,  secondly,  Hannah  Wilmot,  by 
whcvn  likewise  he  had  no  issue.  He 
deceased  the  18th  of  October,  1747, 
aed  was  interred  in  the  north  aisle  of 
ibe  Church  of  Mendlesham,  where, 
Qiv  a  flat  stone,  is  this  inscription  for 
bifli: 

S^ppard  arms : 

**  Hers  Lyeth  the  body  of  John  Sheppard,. 
£mi.  who  died  the  18th  of  October,  1747» 
■gad  7S  yean. 

On  the  2 1  St  of  August,  in  the  fol- 
lowing year,  his  reuct  married  Sic 
Samuel  rryme,  knight,  of  whom  Cole, 
in  his  "  Athens  Cantahrigienses," 
thus  remarks : 

*'  He  was  educated  at  St.  John's  College, 
bom  at  Bury  St.  Edmund's,  son  of  a  tallow- 
chandler.  He  flung  up  liis  profession  in 
diigutt  that  Lord  Camden  wu  put  over  his 
hesd,  and  married  the  widow  Sheppard,  of 
Soffi^k,  with  a  jointure  of  1 ,800/.  a  year, 
the  daughter  of  Mr.  Wilmot,  of  Buasteadt 
an  heiress  of  90,0002.  He  bought  the 
estate  at  Whittoa,  in  Twickenham,  Middle- 
laxy  formerly  Sir  Godfrey  KaelWs,  and  died 
al  Whitton,  94th  Feb.  1776^  leavina  a  ton, 
ii»ffnerly  of  St.  John's  College,  to  whom  he 
bequeathed  70>000/." 

Sir  Samuel  never  proceeded  to  a  de- 
gree. In  June,  1730,  he  was  made  a 
aetieant-at-law;  and  in  1757  kin|g*t 
Serjeant.  In  1775  he  presented,  with 
his  lady,  to  the  Rectory  of  Thwaite. 
Mr.  Nichols,  in  the  8th  vol.  of  his 
"  Literary  Anecdotes,"  p.  554,  relates 
an  anecdote  of  him  from  Mr.  Hardinge, 
with  the  following  character : 

**  This  extraordinary  man,  an  able  ad- 
vocate, aod  without  a  conception  of  humour, 
convulsed  the  Court  with  laughter,  npoa 
more  occasion  than  one,  by  tellina  bis  nets 
drilyt  but  weightily>  as  be  found  them  upon 
his  brief.  Upon  some  occasion  to  a  Jury 
he  depreciated  his  adversary's  witnesses, 
having  first  elevated  his  own.  '  Against  these 
gentlemen  of  repute,  what  is  the  enemy's 
battle  array  ?— 

Two  Butchen  and  a  Tailor, 

Three  Hackney-coachmen  and  a  Com-cntter, 

But,  in  the  rear  of  the  column. 

An  Alderman  of  London,  toUu*." 

Miss  Hawkins,  in  the  first  volume  of 
her  accurate  and  entertaining  **  Ane^ 
dotes.  Biographical  Sketches,  and  Me- 
moirs,'* gives  the  following  character- 
istic account  of  Sir  Samuel  and  his 
lady: 

«<  Twickenham  had  lost  iu  title  of  Oastic 
when  my  father  bought  his  hoose  there,  in 
1760;  but  it  was  still  the  abode  of  many 


diatmguished  persons.  Amongst  oar  neigh- 
bonrsy  Sir  Samuel  Pryma,  than  a  meaS  yr 
nerable  parsonage,  stands  oon^icnoua.  In 
the  mode  of  dress,  which  he  continued  lathac 
than  assuoMd,  it  was  as  little  tm  to  distin- 
guish features  as  in  any  of  the  wafUocoupiefs 
of  the  Admiral's  Ghdlery  at  Hampton  Court, 
or  the  cumbent  heroes  of  Westminster  Ab- 
bey I  but  I  can  BtLjy  in  general,  that  he  must 
have  been  one  of  the  very  grandest  of  these 
persons  in  figure  and  ftatures,  as  well  as  of 
the  finest  manly  complexion.  Hb  public  cha- 
racter and  professional  distinction  J  leave  te 
an  abler  hand.  I  can  relate  only  what  came 
under  my  own  cognizance,  or  was  told  to 
myself. 

**  Sir  Samuel  and  Lady  Pryme  lived  in  the 
hamlet  of  Whitton,  in  a  mansion  which  may 
claim  the  epithet  of  superb,  and  which  was 
built  by,  and  had  been  the  residence  of  Sir 
Godfrey  Kneller.  The  staircase  is  decorated 
by  his  own  pencil.  The  house  and  grounds 
received  much  improvement  under  rae  hand 
of  the  sole  heir  to  his  great  property,  the 
late  Samuel  Pryme,  esq.  whose  death,  at  a 
comparatively  early  age,  deprived  us  of  a 
kind  friend,  whose  prudeut  aidviea  had  often 
been  osefiil  to  us,  and  to  whose  public  sfarit 
and  private  beneficence  the  partsn  of  Twick- 
enham stood  indebted  to  a  degree  that  will 
not  soon  be  forgotten.  Leaving  several 
chiklren,  the  estate  has  been  sold  out  of  the 
family. 

**  Though  Sir  Samuel  was  much  too  awful 
for  my  intimate  observation,  I  regret  that 
with  him  I  lost  an  embodied  idea  of,  I  sup- 
pose, nearly  the  oostnme  of  Qaeen  Ama's 
time  :  he  wore  a  most  voluminous  wig, 
which  yet,  by  the  lightness  of  ita  earls,  or  I 
might  aUnost  say  ringleUt  seemed  do  heavier 
than  the  same  Quantity  of  smoke  :  it  was,  I 
suupose,  thougn  a  little  powdered,  of  the 
pslest  flaxen  colour,  conespondins  with  his 
really  hlooming  complexion  :  his  whole  scale 
was  large,  but  without  any  tendency  to  cor- 
pulency ;  bis  age-grown  features  were  com- 
manding, and  his  voice  probably  was  ]^tehed 
to  Westminster  Hall ;  it  was  extremely  dis- 
tinct, grave,  and  sonorous ;  his  ennneiation 
slow ;  and  he  began  every  sentence,  in  ad- 
dressing my  father,  with  a  <  Sir,'  as  profound 
as  if  he  had  addressed  the  House  of  Com- 
mons, by  claiming  the  attention  of  their 
Speaker. 

**  Sir  Samuel's  dress,  I  may  truly  say,  I 
want  words  to  describe ;  for  I  really  know 
not  the  terms  that  will  describe  it.  His 
suit,  inoluding  stockings,  1  recolleet  to  have 
been  all  of  one  hue  in  summer,  and  that  the 
lightest  that  could  be  called  eolour.  In 
wmter  we  saw  him  less  freqaently ;  but  he 
was  than  clad  in  a  brown  that  might  be 
called  snuff-colour.  He  bad  been,  I  suppose, 
a  beaa  of  his  own  time  j  for  the  nieety  of 
the  disposition  of  his  cravat  and  mlBesy  the 
eaactituds  with  which  bis  stockings  psaserved 
tlieir  place  in  tlie  obsolete  form  of  roU-upa, 


18S0.] 


Gowtri  Monument  at  Si.  SaviotirW,  Southwark. 


401 


BoJ  the  tout  e'lsemllc  seemnl  rmther  ilie 
hbuur  of  m  aculj'Cor  ihui  tlie  BJruitnest  iif  a 
valet.  Exerj  thing  he  wore  or  uied>  hi* 
•liff-tupped  gloves,  of  Um  gaantUt  funn*  hit 
caqieUt  uji  ctcd  his  lady's  Updug,  vera 
all  perfumed  to  a  decree  iliat  would  be  in- 
Bup|N>rtable  to  the  better  taste  of  tlie  prescut 
ages  and  which,  had  he  gone  to  Rome, 
would  have  excluded  him  from  its  ]K>lite 
•ocietr. 

**  iju\y  Pry  me  I  mutt  sleteh  :  there  are 
|Mirtraiti  reniainiog  of  Iter  which  show  lit r 
to  have  been  what  was  cnlled  a  '  prodigiously 
fine  woman ;'  for  iha  teims,  *  nice  girl,*  and 
'  delicious  creature/  were  buC  then  in  use  t 
and  had  they  been  used,  a  young  woman 
might  (at  the  same  time  looking  on  a  gen- 
tleman *  4L-  kaut  en  bos')  have  aiked  whetlier 
he  took  her  fur  a  fowl  or  a  fish?  \jtdj 
Pryme's  rfmaim  were  on  a  grand  scale,  but 
tem|iered  to  the  observer  by  every  evidence 
•f  goodnature.  Her  first  husband  had  been 
•  Suffolk  gentleman  of  large  property  ;  and 
I  liave  beard  her  tpeak,  with  a  recollectioo 
at  ■ekoclioly  at  her  bufiyant  siiiiitt  cuuU 
•diaiti  of  the  time  when  she  inhabited  the 
since  dilapidated  mansion  of  Thwaite  JlalL 
She  talked  with  •  true  relish  of  the  one- 
o'clock  dinners,  and  uinc-u'duck  supperty 
which,  in  descuptioe,  made  me  aik  what 
difference  eaisted,  further  than  in  name, 
between  these  and  onr  sufisuntia]  noonings 
and  late  dinners  f  I  am  sorry  1  cm  rrcfd- 
lect  very  little  of  die  many  terni«  in  which 
she  was  wont  to  describe  the  soil  erf  that 
part  of  Suffolk  which  she  inhabited,  and 
wlkich,  1  belicTCt  clmugh  do  inhabiunu  will 
confiiM  tlwmseWes  to  live  in  High  Suffolk, 
though  they  may  be  laeor  ity  is  lilemlly  in 
that  disavowed  portion  9f  »  opunty,  the 
beeiitics  of  which  are  not  sofioiently  known. 
Spcekifl^  of  her  eqneitrian  piowtss,  she 
described  the  clay  to  be  of  such  a  natufVf 
that  her  horse's  succeeding  in  getting  lib 
CmM  out  of  it  resembled  the  drawing  of  a 
cork  out  of  a  bottle ;  and  that  Wliea  she 
could  compel  him  into  a  noti  it  made  the 
vtiy  swramp  roar." 

In  1792  Lady  Pryiiie  again  prnenied 
to  Ibc  Rcciory  ofThwaiie. 
(7b  It  contuihtd,) 

G0WER*8   MOMUyENT. 

ACONSlDEUABLIi  |Kiriion  of 
the  public  aitcniion  is  dirccietl  at 
nretent  to  the  venerable  Church  of  Si. 
Slary  Oicry,  commouly  called  Si.  Sa- 
viour's, South wark,  in  comcquence  of 
its  having  been  brot^ht  more  in  view 
by  the  removal  of  the  houses  in  the 
Borough,  10  furm  Ihe  ucw  street  to 
London  Bridge.  The  cauiionarY  re- 
marks of  our  correspondent  *'  Suth- 
rieiisis,"  p.  103,  have  not  been,  we 
Oest.  M*r..  A/iii/,  is^jti. 

•  i 


trust.  %viihoui  their  me.  The  parish- 
ioners seem  now  once  more  alive  to 
the  preservation  of  their  Tenemble 
Church ;  and  have  begun  in  good 
earnest  10  re|>air  the  Southern  tran- 
sept. All  we  have  to  hope  is»  that  the 
architect  employed  will  be  conieni  to 
I  read  in  the  steps  of  Mr.  Gwili,  the 
furnier  surveyor  of  the  fabric,  and  who 
has  restored  ihe  East  end  of  the  Cliurch 
in  so  highly  a  satisfactory  manner. 
Many  will  doubtless  now  lisit  this 
noble  pile,  who  were  before  scarcely 
conscious  of  its  existence.  One  mo- 
nument it  |M>ssesses  of  peculiar  inic- 
resiy  to  the  memory  of  the  immortal 
Gower,  one  of  the  fathers  of  Knglisk 
Puesy,  and  the  friend  of  Chaocer. 
Happily  this  monument  is  in  lolenble 

tireser^-ation,  though  sadiv  begrimed 
ly  din  and  paint;  but  do  doubt  proiier 
attention  wdl  be  pahl  in  due  time  to 
this  interesting  memorial. 

This  monument  is  well  engraved  by 
Mr.  Guu^h,  in  his  Sepulchral  Monu- 
niviiis  i  who  for  the  first  time  printed 
Gower's  will,  an  antiquarian  document 
of  much  ititercst.  It  Hxcd  the  time  of 
Govver*s  death,  before  uncertain,  lle 
wos  burn  before  1340,  and  died  in  1408. 

An  excellent  article,  coniaining  all 
the  notices  that  could  be  collecic«l  rela- 
tive III  Gowcr  the  Puet,  by  Mr.  Nico- 
las, will  be  found  in  vol.  ii.  of  the 
New  Series  of  the  *'  Retrospective  Re- 
view.*' By  these  notices,  the  fact  is 
esublisihed,  that  the  illustrious  family 
of  tlie  Marquess  of  Suflbrd  is  no  way 
related  to  "  the  moral  Gowcr/'  as  had 
been  itited  by  Mr.  Todd,  in  his  *'  Il- 
lustrations of  the  Life  and  Writings  of 
Gower."  Gower  was  probably  of  a 
Suffolk,  not  a  Yorkshire  family.  He 
possessed  the  manor  of  Multon,  Suf- 
folk, as  ap|iears  by  his  will.  Among 
other  curious  docunieois,  Mr.  Nicolas 
gi^cs  a  deed  sup|)OKd  10  have  been  ex- 
vcuied  by  the  poet,  rcljting  to  bnds  iu 
Suffolk,  with  the  seal  atuched  to  it ; 
and  a  presumptive  |)edigree  of  his  fa- 
roily,  from  wnich  it  appears  probable, 
that  his  descendants  were  resident  at 
Clapham  in  Suney. 

The  monument  it  also  very  deli- 
cately eusravcd  iu  Mr.  Blore's  *'  Mo- 
numcDiaTRemMass*'  accompanied  by 
an  iniercstinji  essay  attributed  10  Dr. 
Bliss.  The  view  herewith  given  it/rora 
a  drawing  1^  Mr.  Nash  (»e€  PUU IL) 

The  roonanmit  is  agaiust  .the  wall 
of  the  north  aile.     It  is  entirely  of 


409  Gower't  Monument. — *$/.  Saviour*i  Churchy  Southwark.    [May, 


stone,  and  consists  of  a  canopy  of  three 
arches,  with  crocketed  pediments, 
parted  by  finials,  and  at  the  back  of 
each  pediment  three  niches,  of  which 
there  are  also  seven  in  front  of  the 
ahar  tomb. 

Berthelet,  in  the  introduction  to  the 
edition  of  the  *<  Confessio  Amantis," 
1532,  gives  the  following  description 
of  the  three  barbarous  representations 
of  Charity,  Mercy,  and  Pily,  which 
are  now  nearly  obliterated,  but  which 
were  painted  against  the  wall  within 
the  three  upper  arches. 

"Beside  on  the  wall  where  he  lieth, 
there  be  peinted  three  rirgins,  with  crownes 
on  their  neades,  one  of  the  whiche  ii  written 
Cbaritie,  and  she  holdeth  this  deoiae  in  her 
honde  X 

£n  toy  qui  est  fitz  de  dieu  le  pere 
Sauve  8oit  que  gist  sous  cest  piere. 
The  second   is   written  Merciei   which 
holdeth  in  her  liand  this  diuise  : 
O  bon  Jesu  fait  ta  mercye 
A  lalme  dont  le  corps  gist  icy. 
The  thyrde  of  them  is   written  Pitee, 
which  holdeth  in  hir  hande  this  diuise  fol- 
lowinge  : 

Pour  la  Plte  Jesn  regarde, 

£t  met  cest  alnie  en  saure  garde.** 

On  the  top  of  the  altar  tomb  is  the 
effigy  of  the  poet,  his  head  reclining  on 
three  volumes,  inscribed  *'  Speculum 
Medilantis,''  **  Vox  Clamaniis,''  and 
**  Confessio  Amantis."  The  hair  falls 
in  a  large  curl  on  his  shoulders,  and  is 
crowned  with  a  chaplet  of  four  roses, 
with  the  wordsi(u  merd  repeated  twice, 
each  word  being  divided  with  a  rose.*  A 
long  robe,  closely  buttoned  down  the 
front,  extends  from  the  neck  to  the  feet, 
which  are  entirely  covered.  A  collar 
of  SS,  from  which  is  suspended  a  small 
swan,  chained,  the  badge  of  Henry 
IV.f  hangs  from  his  neck ;  his  feet  rest 
upon  a  lion,  and  above,  within  a  panel 
or  the  side  of  the  canopy,  a  shield  is 
suspended,  charged  with  his  arms,  Ar^ 
gent,  on  a  chevron  ^zure  three  leopards' 
heads  Or,  Crest,  on  a  cap  of  main- 
tenance, a  talbot  passant.  Under  the 
figure  of  Mercy  are  these  lines : 


**  Armigeri  scutum  nihil  a  modo  fisrt  tibi 
tntum ;  [torn  i 

Reddidit  immolutnm  morti  generala  trlba« 
Spiritus  erutum  se  gaudeat  esse  solutam  ; 
Estubivirtutumregnumsine  labe  atatutam." 

On  the  ledge  of  the  tomb  was  an 
inscription,  now  entirely  gone: 

*'  Hie  jacet  J.  Gower,  arm. 

Angl.  poeta  celeberrimus  ac 

Huic  sacro  edificio  benefac.  insignia 

Vixit  temporibus  Ed.  III.  et  Ric.  II." 

Adjoining  to  the  monument  there 
hang  originally  a  table,  granting  I50O 
days  of  pardon,  "  ab  eccTesiA  rile  con- 
cessos,'*  for  all  those  who  devoutly 
prayed  for  his  soul. 

According  to  a  MS.  of  Nicholas 
Charles,  Lancaster  Herald,  the  arms  of 
Gower  formerly  stood  in  the  highest 
south  window  of  the  body  of  the 
Church,  near  the  roof. 

In  the  *'  Biographia  Britannica/*  it 
is  said,  that  Agnes  the  poet's  wife  is 
buried  under  the  same  tomb;  but  it 
docs  not  appear  upon  what  authority. 

Mr.  Urbak,  April  8. 

I  AM  happy  to  inform  "  Suihriensis" 
(Feb.  Mag.  p.  103),  and  such  other 
of  your  readers  who  take  any  interest 
in  the  preservation  of  St.  Saviour's 
Church,  that  the  repairs  of  the  transepts 
have  commenced  under  the  soperia- 
tendance,  as  I  am  informed,  of  Mr. 
Wallace  the  architect.  The  scafibid 
was  only  raised  at  the  conclusion  of 
the  last  month,  since  which  lime  the 
works  have  proceeded  with  great  ala- 
crity. The  roofs  of  both  transepts  have 
been  removed.  In  the  south  wing  a 
buttress  is  to  be  formed  on  the  east 
side,  in  lieu  of  one  which  had  been 
destroyed  to  admit  of  the  erection  of  St. 
Mary  Magdalene's  Chapel,  and  the 
walls,  a  medley  of  old  and  new  ash- 
laring,  patched  with  brick  work,  are 
to  be  faced  with  stone. 

The  question  of  repairing  or  rebuild- 
ing may  now  be  considered  as  set  at 
rest.  The  stand  was  made  at  the  pre- 
sent repairs,  which  the  vestry  having 


*  Leland,  de  Scriptoribos,  says,  it  is  of  ivy,  intermixed  with  roses.  This  asiertion, 
from  the  present  appearance  of  the  chaplet,  seems  altogether  fanciful. 

f  The  following  curious  notice  was  first  published  by  Mr.  Nicolas,  from  a  reconl  in  the 
Duchy  of  Lancaster  Office  :  "  In  the  17  Ric.  II.  1S9S-4,  Henry  of  Lancaster,  afterwards 
Henry  IV.  is  recorded  to  have  presented  '  no  esquier  John  Gower'  with  a  eoUoTt  and  which 
there  can  be  little  doubt  was  bestowed  on  him  in  consequence  of  his  having  then  become 
one  of  that  Prince's  retainers."  The  Poet  is  represented  with  this  collar  on  his  tomb ;  but 
Mr.  Nicolas  remarks,  <<  as  the  Swan  is  believed  not  to  have  been  assnmed  by  Henry  IV. 
until  after  the  demise  of  Thomas  of  Woodstock,  Duke  of  Gloucester,  in  1397,  the  Swan 
must  have  been  given  to  Gower  at  a  subsequent  period." 


1830.] 


Si.  Saoiour*t  CMrch,  Soulhmark.^^uniMi. 


403 


resolved  upon  carryiog  into  tSeci,  the 
rettoraiion  of  the  builuing  may  be  con- 
fidently looked  forward  to,  as  it  would 
be  a  waste  of  money  to  repair  the  tran- 
septs, if  a  new  church  was  likely  to 
be  erected.  I  cannot  help  regretting 
the  destruction  of  St.  Mary  Maada- 
lcoe*s  Chapel,  which  was  effected  in 
the  «aroc  spirit  of  lopping  off  extraneous 
buildings,  by  which  Salisbury  Cathe- 
dral was  so  severely  injured  in  the 
never  to  be  foraotten  alteration  of  the 
structure  by  Wyatt.  Another  Chapel 
(the  Bishop's)  will  share  a  similar  fate; 
but,  if  ever  such  a  mutilation  can  be 
excusable,  it  will  beso  in  this  latter  in- 
stance. The  Chapel  is  a  complete  ex* 
crescence ;  it  entirely  destroys  the  uni- 
formity of  the  eastern  end  of  our  Lady's 
Chapel  (a  matchless  piece  of  architec- 
ture in  its  original  state),  and  its  walls 
were  so  severely  injured  by  a  fire  about 
a  century  ago,  as  to  be  nearly  rebuilt 
with  brick,  which  has  been  done  in  an 
execrable  Gothic  style.  Its  removal 
therefore  will  be  the  less  lamented  than 
the  other  Chapel,  which  appears  to 
have  been  destroyed  without  any  reason. 

The  apnearance  of  the  east  end  of 
the  Churcn,  now  laid  open  by  the  re- 
moval of  the  houses,  is  ver^  striking; 
and  when  the  Ladv Chapel  is  restored, 
as  I  trust  it  soon  will,  the  edifice  which 
|K>ssesses  this  grandeur  will  display 
much  of  the  air  of  a  Cathedral.  As  a 
building,  it  is  a  first-rate  ornament  to 
the  MetfOjxilis,  and,  if  appropriately  re- 
stored, will  present  one  of  the  finest 
specimens  ofearly  pointed  architecture 
in  existence. 

The  ancient  and  handsome  monu- 
ment of  the  poet  Gower,  owing  to  the 
dampncM  of  the  north  side  of  the 
Church,  has  suffered  in  appearance 
since  the  last  repair  in  1764,  which,  as 
Dr.  Bliss  observes  in  his  interesting 
essay  attached  to  the  engraving  in  Mr. 
Blorc's  "  Monumental  Remains,'* "  the 
gentlemen  in  authority  at  that  period 
have  not  failed  to  commemorate.'  That 
it  will  receive  due  attention  in  the  pre* 
sent  repairs,  there  can  be  little  doubt; 
but  should  the  parochial  authorities 
deem  themselves  not  to  be  justified  in 
advancing  the  funds  for  the  necetiary 
embellishment,  an  appeal  to  the  public 
will  not,  I  trust,  be  heard  in  vain. 

In  conclusion,  I  cannot  help  regret* 
ting  that  Mr.  Gwilt  was  not  en^^ged 
to  finish  the  repairs  he  had  begun: 
without  any  disparagement  to  the  ta- 
Icnu  of  the  gentleman  before  named. 


it  must  be  evident  that  an  architect 
who  had  such  opportunities  of  inspect- 
ing the  present  structure  as  Mr.  Gwilt, 
must  be  eminently  qualified  for  the 
task  of  restoring  it  to  its  pristine  splen- 
dour. He  has  already  rebuilt  the  east 
end  in  a  creditable  manner,  and  wbicb^ 
though  not  absolutely  faultless,  is  cer« 
tainhr  one  of  the  finest,  if  not  actually 
the  nncst  specimen  of  restoration  of  the 

firesent  day.  With  so  much  of  exceU 
ence  then  before  him,  let  us  hope  that 
Mr.  Wallace  will  in  his  new  works 
neither  detract  from  the  perfection  of 
the  original  buildings  nor  fall  short  of 
the  very  superior  merits  of  his  prede* 
cessor ;  and,  if  a  word  of  cautiou  may 
be  added,  that  he  will  recollect  that 
restoration,  and  not  alteration,  is  ex* 
pected  from  him  by  every  admirer  of 
ancient  architecture.  £.  I.  C. 

M r.  U  R B AN ,       Thetford,  April  8. 
OINCE  the  date  of  my  previous  Let- 

0  ter,  1  have  met  with  the  followinj^ 
passage,  on  the  burning  of  the  Jesuiti- 
cal books  in  France,  in  one  of  the 
American  publications  on  Junius, 
viz.  "  J.  Fellows's  Poathumous  Works 
of  Junius,  to  which  is  prefixed  an  In- 
ouiry  respecting  the  Author,  also  a 
Sketch  of  the  Life  of  J.  H.  Tooke, 
New- York,  1829,  p.  4l6,*'  (and  the 
pride  or  vanity  of  authorship  prompts 
me  to  add,  that  the  ingenious,  intelli- 
gent, and  industrious  writer  has  made 
very  great  use  of  my  "  Letters  on  the 
Authorship  of  Junius  ;**)  it  will  supply 
your  correspondent  with  all  the  inU>r- 
mation  which  he  desired  to  have  on 
this  subject. 

Dittruetion  of  ike  Jesuits  in  France, 

«  Junius,  in  *  Miscellansotw  Lettan,' 
No.  91  f  April  17(i8,  says,  *  I  remember 
seeing  Biucmbaum»  Saurei,  Molina,  and  a 
•core  of  other  Jesuitical  books,  burnt  at 
Puis  for  their  stmnd  casuistry ,  bv  the  bands 
of  the  common  hmo|;man.  Init  remark 
hms  occMiooed  a  little  iaciuirT  in  regard  to 
the  time  or  times,  at  wliicli  the  destruction 
of  the  books  of  the  Jesuits  took  place,  and 
whetlMf  or  not  some  of  those,  for  wbosa 
the  authorship  of  Junius  is  claimed,  conid 
have  been  witnesses  of  the  event.  Although 

1  place  little  confidence  in  declarations  of 
Junius  respecting  himself,  yet  as  there  was 
little  danger  of  detection  to  be  apprehended 
firon  the  exposition  of  a  circumetanoe  of 
thU  kind,  it  is  highly  probable  that  Jouae 
bera  slates  a  heu  And  havinc  met  with 
nothing  thtf  nilitatad  against  the  daima  of 
the  person  to  whem  I  attriboia  the  Letters^ 
out  of  meia  curiosity  I  took  the  trouble  to 


404 


Jesuits  in  France.'^Burke  on  Junius, 


[May, 


examine  the  case^  and  the  result  it  as  fol- 
lows :  _ 

«  On  the  6th  of  Aug.  1761,  the  Parlia- 
ment of  Paris  took  into  coneideration  the 
constitutions  of  the  Jesuits,  and  also  ex- 
tracts from  their  writings,  which  they  had 
caused  to  be  made  for  that  purpose;  but 
deferred  a  final  jndf^ment  upon  them  for 
one  year.  They,  however,  at  the  same 
time  '  ordained  provisionally  the  shutting 
up  of  their  (the  Jesuits)  College  on  the 
first  of  October  following :  the  King,  not- 
withstanding the  representations  of  the  Par- 
liament, prorogued  this  time  till  the  first  of 
April. 

"  The  Parliament  then  declared  to  the 
principal  of  the  College,  that  nothing  more 
remained  to  them  but  to  put  a  stop  to  their 
lectures  by  the  first  of  April,  1762.  From 
that  time  the  Colleges  were  shut  up,  and 
the  society  began  seriously  to  despair  of  its 
fortune.  At  length  the  6th  of  Aug.  1762, 
the  day  so  wished  for  by  the  public,  arrived : 
the  institute  was  unanimously  condemned 
by  the  Parliament,  without  any  opposition 
on  the  part  of  the  Sovereign ;  their  vows 
were  declared  not  binding,  the  Jesuits  secu- 
larised and  dissolved,  and  their  effects  alie- 
nated and  sold.'  See  D*AIembert's  <  Ac- 
count of  the  Destruction  of  the  Jesuits  in 
France,'  Engl.  Transl.  Lond.  1766. 

«*  On  the  17th  of  Aug.  1762,  one  hun- 
dred and  sixty-four  works,  theses,  and  pam- 
phlets, containing  resolves  of  the  Society  of 
Jesus,  were,  by  order  of  the  Parliament, 
torn  and  burnt  m  the  court  of  the  palace  by 
the  hands  of  the  executioner.'  See  Calen- 
drier  Jesuitique  pour  I'Ann^e  1828. 

**  In  the  month  of  Nov.  1764,  an  edict 
of  the  king  decided  the  gene^sl  and  defini- 
tive expulsion  of  the  Jesuits.'  See  Histoire 
Civile,  Physique,  et  Morale  de  Paris,  1 825, 
▼ol.  vii.  p.  499. 

*<  From  the  time  of  the  condemnation  of 
the  institution  of  the  Jesuits,  to  their  final 
expulsion  from  France,  it  is  probable  many 
bonfires  of  their  books  took  place,  at  some 
one  of  which  Mr.  Home  was  likely  to  be 
present ;  for  he  was  in  France  '  considerably 
more  than  a  year'  during  that  period. 

*'  Mr.  D'AIembert  olMerves,  that  *  the 
▼olume  of  assertions,  extracted  fi-om  the 
books  of  the  Jesuits,  condemned  by  the 
magistrates,  had  been  preceded  some  years 
before  by  the  condemnation  of  the  work  of 
the  Jesuit  Bnsembaum,  in  which  the  doc- 
trine of  king-killing  it  openly  maintained  : 
the  copy  on  which  this  condemnation  was 
pronounced,  bore  date  1757.'" 

It  remains  for  those  who  adrocale 
the  claims  of  Burke,  to  show  that  he 
visited  Paris  in  the  interval  between 
1756  and  1768,  i.  e.  in  the  period  be- 
tween the  burning  of  Busenibaum's 
works,  and  the  date  of  Junins's  Letter, 
which  refers  to  the  burning  of  the  Je- 
suitical books.     The  argument  found- 


ed on  the  fact  referred  to  by  Junius,  is 
one  of  a  most  unsuspicious  and  rooit 
unexceptionable  kind ;  and  therefore 
as  Burke  did  not  visit  Paris  till  after 
the  period  in  question,  this  argument, 
turned  against  his  claims,  is  decisive. 
In  Dr.  J.  A.  Graham's  work,  en- 
titled "  Memoirs  of  J.  H.  Tooke,  to- 
gether with  his  valuable  Speeches  and 
WriiingH ;  also,  containing  Proofs  iden- 
tifying him  as  the  Author  of  the  cele- 
brated Letters  of  Junius,  New- York, 
1828,  p.  237,"  I  find  the  subjoined 
fragment  of  an  apparently  unreported 
speech  of  Mr.  Burke,  and  as  it  relates 
to  Junius,  and  characterises  his  writ- 
ings, it  will  be  acceptable  to  many  of 
your  readers : 

"  I  shall  now  close  th'is  Essay,  by  quot- 
ing the  following  extract  from  Mr.  JSurke's 
speech,  which  has  been  furnished  me  by 
my  honourable  and  respected  friend,  BL 
Hiker,  Recorder  of  the  City  of  New  York  j 
that  gentleman  having  obteined  it  from  a 
MS.  preserved  by  the  late  Dr.  Johnson, 
President  of  Columbia  College,  Sec.;  who, 
it  is  believed,  heard  Mr.  Borke  deliver  it 
in  the  House  of  Commons  : 

**  *  It  has  been  confidently  reported  that 
I  am  the  author  who  has  written  against 

fovemment,  under  the  signature  of  Junius; 
have  been  charged  with  It  in  this  publio 
assembly,  and  in  private  company ;  I  have 
borne  the  imputation  in  my  hours  of  busi- 
ness, and  it  has  attended  me  in  the  mo- 
menU  of  retirement  and  leisure.  Was  I 
conscious  that  I  merited  the  impntation, 
my  vanity  would  not  permit  me  to  disown  it. 
Could  I  do  it  with  truth,  my  passion  fox 
glory  would  induce  me  to  boast  of  being  the 
author  of  a  production,  so  justly  celebrated 
for  its  accuracy  of  language,  its  snbliaity  of 
sentiment,  its  pmgnancy  of  satire,  and  ita 
exquisite  elegance  of  expression.  Junius 
has  travelled  a  road  that  has  hitherto  bein 
but  little  trodden ;  bis  undertaking  waa 
bold,  was  arduous :  but  aided  by  the  supe- 
riority of  his  genius,  he  has  soared  superior 
to  the  difficulties  of  the  attempt.  He  has 
watched  the  motions  of  your  nobles  and 
your  leaders,  unsuspectmg  of  danger.  Like 
iEneas  under  the  close  covert  or  the  rock, 
singling  out  the  choicest  of  the  herd  feed- 
ing betore  him  i  so  Junius,  under  the  im- 
penetrable veil  of  secrecy,  has  watched  the 
nootions  of  your  nobles  and  your  loadeif , 
rioting  in  luxury,  unsuspicious  of  detaetloo, 
and  unguarded  to  danger,  he  levelled  his 
arrows,  fisathered  with  truth,  and  pomted 
with  the  keenest  edge  of  satire,  and  they 
have  fallen  prostrate  at  his  feet.  Nay,  he 
has  aimed  a  shaft  at  the  bird  of  Jove  him- 
self, hovering  in  his  aerial  wanderings,— it 
smote  him, — his  pinions  trembled^  and  h« 
seemed  to  fidl." 

Yours,  &c.        £.  H.  Barker. 


ISSa]     Jojiiiu.— S/.  Elau^HoyU't  ••  Pilgrim  io  the  Eehridnr      405 


Mr.  Urbav,  Apriig. 

WITH  rrgard  to  Junius  witness- 
ing the  burning  of  the  Jesuiti- 
cal books  at  Paris,  let  me  remark  that, 
although  in  the  year  1 76 1  there  was 
war  between  France  and  England,  yet 
I  am  not  aware  that  before  the  late 
Reroluiionary  war  there  was  any  great 
difHcnlty  in  the  subjects  of  the  one 
country  Tisiiing  the  other  in  time  of 
war;  if  so,  Mr.  Francis  might  %rell  be 
at  Paris  at  the  burning  of  the  Jesuits* 
hooks,  which  took  place  Aug.  7>  176 1, 
and  be  at  his  post  at  Lisbon  in  the 
embassy  of  Lord  Kinnoul,  in  October 
of  the  same  year.  In  looking  over  the 
correspondence  of  a  deceased  relatire 
who  was  upon  intimate  terms  with 
Mr.  Francis,  I  find  a  letter  dated  Paris, 
Aug.  18,  1766,  from  a  banker,  which 
has  the  following  paragraph : 

**  —  rout  remercier  de  m'tTotr  procure  la 
eoDOoissaiic*  de  Mont.  Fraods;  c*Mt  ua 
dM  Aoglob  qoe  j*ai  troinr^  le  plus  aiinable, 
eS  done  le  carBci^  me  coBviendroit  le  pIos> 
J'ai  Ueh^  de  Ini  fiure  qnalaoe  Aecueil  pen- 
dant 1«  pen  de  Mjoor  (|n*ii  a  fitit  ici,  et  de 
lui  nontr*  l«  caa  que  je  imasois  de  voire  re- 
conmendataon*" 

I  find  also,  in  another  letter  from 
the  same  party,  dated  Jan.  15,  1767» 
the  following  postscript : 

"  Je  suit  bieo  tentible,  mon  cher  Mon- 
tienr,  am  nonreatn  temoignaget  de  ^otre 
Mnii»^,  et  du  Mrotrenir  de  Mont.  Frsocit, 
qui  je  Tout  prit  d*atturer  de  tout  mon  nt- 
tacbement;  il  deroitbicn  venir  nout  voir  cet 
^  avec  vous.** 

I  have  also  in  my  possession  several 
memorandums,  which  point  out  the 
particular  political  writings  in  which 
the  said  relative  was  engaged,  and 
whom  I  verily  believe  to  be  the  iden- 
tical person  who,  according  to  the  edi- 
tion of  Junius,  by  the  younger  Wood- 
fall,  was  the  gentleman  entrusted  with 
the  conveyancing  part  of  their  corre- 
spondence. C.  D. 

Mr.  Urban,         Bremkill,  May  8. 

YOU  have  given  place,  in  your  ex- 
cellent Magaxine,  to  some  re- 
marks of  mine  on  Celtic  antiquities. 
I  cannot  refrain  from  requesting  vou 
to  insert  the  followinsextnct  of  a  let- 
ter from  Sir  Thomas  Phillippa,  who  is 
just  relumed  from  a  Druidieal  tour  00 
the  Continent  t 

**  In  confirmation  of  your  conjecture,  it 
it  rather  tingular  that  (probably  at  the  tiuM 
y«Hi  wtre  writing  it)  I  thoold  nave  ditcover- 
ed  tuv  Dnddical  stoaas  close  to  Sc  Eim, 


NiAR  Arras.    Near  BapaaliaSy  not  many 
milet  from  Anat>  art  two  large  tunuUu" 

The  passage  of  "  Hermet  Britanni- 
cns,"  to  which  this  remark  of  Sir 
Thomas  Phillippt  refers  is,  page  111^ 
note, 

"  Near  Arrat  in  France,  are  found  the 
mount  of  St.  Eloi  and  the  very  name  of  a 
place.  Tote.  I  have  no  doubt  Druidieal  re- 
maint  will  be  found  there,  if  thit  be  not  the 
very  country  of  Camutet." 

Now  let  me  observe,  that  Tote  is 
Tauie — ^Tot— Thoih,  latinized  tnioTett^ 
tales  by  Lucan,  &c.  the  chief  deity  of 
the  Celts.  St.  Eloi  is  neither  more 
Dor  less  than  the  Celtic  word  Sol, 
turned  into  the  Greek  'HXmk,  the  Sun; 
and  F.iios,  turned  into  the  Catholic  St. 
Eloi,  as  at  7o/tenham,  Middlesex,  an- 
ciently Tote- ham,  the  ham  of  Taute  or 
Tent,  where  is  also  the  sacred  well  of 
Su  Eloi,  or  "HXiof,  the  Sun  ! 

This  corroboration  of  my  original 
theory  seems  so  remarkable,  that  f  am 
tempted  to  request  a  place  for  it  in  a 
periodical  work  much  dedicated  to  an- 
tiquarian information,  and  I  am  equally 
^ratified  to  find  my  views  confirmed  by 
Mr.  Skinner,  who  is  lately  returned 
from  a  visit  to  the  stupendous  monu* 
ment  of  Camac  in  Normandy. 

Allow  me  to  add  to  these  observa- 
tions, one  remark  on  your  critical  no- 
tice of  a  fine  poem,  Hoyle's  "Pilgrim 
of  the  Hebrides." 

Your  critic  most  justly  remarks,  in 
your  last  Magazine  (p.  328),  that  *'  the 
Pilgrim  of  the  Hebrides'*  contains 
"very  masterly  lines,  and  much  poetical 
power  !*'  which,  indeed,  is  most  true ; 
but  he  adds,  "  it  is  spoiled  by  verttfy^ 
ing  ecclesiastical  history  !'* 

The  writer  of  this  article  proceeds 
to  speak  of  "  fanatics**  and  "  cant  !*' 

I  am  not  aware  of  any  '*  verti/lca' 
/ton  of  ecclesiastical  history"  in  Mr. 
Hoyle*s  most  beautiful  poem.  Thai 
it  b  pervaded  by  devotional  feelings,  b 
undoubted,  but  no  man  erer  exbted 
more  free  from  the  affectation  of 
'*  cant,**  or  the  heartlesi  jargon  of  "  fk» 
natics/'  thoush  deeply,  purely,  soberly, 
and  scripturany  religUMis. 

W.  L.  Bow  LIS. 

Mr  Urbav,  Hoy  6. 

IF  the  following  observations  made 
on  an  excursion  in  the  aotamn  of 
1 828  will  be  aocepUble,  they  are  moch 
at  yoor  scnrice.  E.I.C. 


406 


Salisbury  CalkedraL 


[May, 


Salisburt  Cathedral. 


It  is  not  vaj  purpose  to  enter  into  a 
description  of  the  Cathedral,  or  to  de- 
tail its  architectural  features.  This  in- 
teresting building,  so  remarkable  for 
purity,  simplicity,  and  ^andeur,  holds 
the  same  rank  in  English  architecture 
which  the  Parthenon  bears  in  the 
Grecian ;  the  characteristic  of  each  is 
perfection.  With  regard  to  the  never- 
to-be-forgotten  alterations  of  the  Ca- 
thedral by  Wyatt,  under  the  auspices  of 
Bishop  Barrington,  but  one  opinion  is 
entertained  at  present ;  even  the  cice- 
rone of  the  place  points  out  the  strange 
discrepancies  in  tne  alterations. 

The  most  violent  alteration  which 
the  building  has  suffered,  was  occa- 
sioned by  tne  addition  of  the  Lady 
Chapel  to  the  choir,  forming  a  chancel 
in  the  parochial  church  style.  Now, 
bowever  igi«>rant  the  architect  Wyatt 
might  have  been  of  the  ancient  ar- 
rangement of  ecclesiastical  buildings 
(and  ignorant  enough  in  this  respect 
he  was),  yet  a  digiiiury  of  the  Church 
of  England  must  nave  known  that  the 
choir  of  a  cathedral  answered  to  the 
chancel  of  a  parochial  church ;  the  ad- 
dition, therefore,  of  a  chancel  to  a 
choir,  it  is  evident,  was  an  innovation 
at  once  inconsistent  and  useless.  At 
the  present  time,  this  discrepancy  is  pro- 
perly recognised,  another  altar  having 
been  placed  on  or  near  the  site  of  the 
ancient  one,  at  which  the  communion 
service  is  performed ;  the  altar  at  the 
end  of  the  Lady  Chapel  being  in  con- 
sequence disused.  Here,  then,  one  of 
the  most  vaunted  and  at  the  same  time 
most  injudicious  alterations  has  been 
found  to  be  no  improvement,  and  pro- 
priety has  dictatea  the  restoration  of 
the  choir  to  something  like  its  former 
state.  To  complete  this  desirable 
change,  a  low  screen  of  stone  *  should 
be  erected  from  pillar  to  pillar,  and 
then  the  choir  of  Salisbury  will  once 
more  assume  a  cathedral- like  appear- 
ance. The  removal  of  the  ugly  stain- 
ed glass  which  so  completely  disfi- 
gures the  Lady  Chapel,  and  the  sub- 
stitution of  a  design  of  mosaic  work, 
in  cheerful  and  lively  colours,  would 
complete    the    improvement    in    this 

3uarter.    A  throne,  which  mioht  be 
esigned  after  the  spire  of  the  Cathe- 

*  A  design  for  a  screen  hj  Mr.  Bnckltr 
has  been  engraved,  and  it  appended  to  Gw- 
•an's  «  Uves  of  the  Biibopt  of  SaliBbafy." 
£prr. 


dral,  and  an  entire  new  set  of  stalls 
in  oak,  it  is  to  be  hoped  will  one  day 
supply  the  place  of^  the  miserable 
wood-work  which  defaces  the  choir. 
The  design  of  the  present  throne  must 
have  been  suggested  by  a  tile- kiln ;  the 
stalls  are  perf^tly  carpenters*  Gothic. 

The  conversion  of  the  nave  into  a 
museum  of  monuments,  would,  if  it 
had  happened  about  the  same  period 
in  a  neighbouring  country,  have  caused 
the  press  to  teem  with  denunciations 
against  infidels  and  barbarians.  Here 
an  exemplary  prelate  of  the  Church  of 
England  is  seduced  by  a  bad  taste  into 
a  measure  fraught  with  the  same  evib, 
and,  as  if  the  architect  was  determined 
that  his  aid  should  not  be  wanting  to 
complete  the  ruin,  he  either  patched 
the  canopy  of  one  monument  to  the 
pedestal  of^  another,  or  formed  an  altar 
tomb  out  of  various  fragments  of  ca- 
nopies, jumbling  ornaments  together 
without  reference  to  their  age  or  simi- 
larity; and  this  ridiculous  patchwork 
still  exisu.  Let  us  hope  that  the 
time  is  not  far  distant,  when,  for  tho 
credit  of  English  taste  and  En^ish 
science,  the  discordant  parts  will  giv« 
way  to  something  like  an  uniform  de- 
sign, and  a  restoration,  as  far  as  is  prac* 
ticable,  of  the  different  parts  to  more 
appropriate  situations»  will  be  effected. 

In  the  boundary  wall  of  the  Bishop's 
garden  are  nnmerbos  scolptnred  stooesp 
some  of  whieh  have  been  already  eti- 
graved  in  the  Gent  Mag.  lzzxviii. 
li.  p.  306.  As  these  carvings  are  an« 
terior  to  the  date  of  the  present  city, 
it  must  be  presumed  that  they  formed 
part  of  the  materiab  of  the  ancient 
Cathedral  of  Old  Sarum,  and  were 
probably  transported  hither  when  Bi- 
shop Poore  translated  from  that  church 
the  tombs  and  remains  of  the  Norman 
Bishops  Osmond,  Roger,  and  Josoe- 
iine,  in  1236.  The  good  taste  of  the 
ancient  builders  is  manifested  by  thnr 
placing  the  sculptured  face  of  the  stone 
outwards. 

In  Salisbury  are  three  handsome  pa- 
rish churches  of  ancient  date,  dedicated 
to  St  Martin,  St.  Edmund,  and  St. 
Thomas  of  Canterbury,  which  have 
been  but  little  noticed,  xhe  description 
will  probably  be  acceptable. 

St.  Martin*8  Church 

Is  situated  in  the  eastern  part  of  the 
town.  The  plan  consists  of  a  nave 
and  side  aisles,  a  chancel,  and  a  squire 


1890.] 


M.  MtarMi  Chwrch,  SaHHmrf. 


407 


tower  at  the  wetteni  end  of  the  tooth 
aisle.  The  architectnre  it  pototeiL 
The  body  of  the  Church  appears  to 
hsTC  been  erected  about  the  middle  of 
the  fourteenth  century.  The  steeple 
and  chancel  are  older  than  the  rest  of 
the  building.  The  former  consists  of 
a  aqoare  tower  with  lancet  windows, 
finished  with  a  parapet  and  coping, 
and  surmoooied  by  a  well- proportions 
octangular  stone  spire.  Ii  is  evidently 
coeval  with  the  Cathedral,  and  was 
probablv  erected  by  the  same  archi- 
tect. The  ascent  to  the  top  stone  is 
effected  by  the  same  means  as  the  Ca* 
thedral  spire:  iniemally  to  about  three* 
fourths  of  the  height,  where  a  small 
door  opens,  and  the  remainder  is  as- 
cended by  means  of  iron  handles  fixed 
into  the  stone^work. 

^  The  chancel  has  lancet  lights  in  its 
side  walls,  and  a  handsome  traceried 
window  of  a  later  period  in  the  west 
end.  In  the  western  porch  is  a  low  arch- 
ed monument  of  considerable  antiquity, 
but  much  obscured  by  whitewash.  It 
is,  I  believe,  sometimes  supposed  that 

Eersons  buried  in  the  church  porch 
ave  died  under  sentence  of  excom- 
munication ;  there  appears  to  be  no 
authority  for  this  conjecture.  Both  the 
porches  of  Chichester  Cathedral  con- 
tain monuments  |  which,  occurring  so 


frecjoently,  teem  to  ocgatif e  the  io^ 
position. 

^  The  columns  dividing  the  nave  and 
aisles  are  clustered  and  surmounted  by 
pointed  arches;  and  between  the  oava 
and  chancel  is  a  low  segmental  arch. 
Orer  this  is  the  decalogue,  and  the  arms 
of  Queen  Elizabeth  and  Charles  I.  At 
the  altar,  in  conformity  with  the  mo- 
dern practice,  the  decalogue  is  again 
repeated.* 

In  the  chancel  are  some  old  seats. 
The  ceiling  is  oak,  being  a  pointed 
vault,  ribbed  and  pannelled  wiih  bottea 
at  the  intersections,  and  suataioed  on 
corbels,  onuroented  with  flgurct  of  an- 
geh.  The  three  aisles  are  alike  in 
height  and  decoration.  The  foot  it 
elevated  on  a  pbtform  in  the  touth 
aisle;  it  is  of  an  oetaoonal  form,  of 
large  dimensions,  and  the  basin  is  sus- 
tained on  eight  columns.  The  pewt 
are  old,  probably  about  the  period  of 
the  Reformation. 

In  a  dark  comer  of  the  Church 
ttands  a  curious  brass  reading-desk, 
susuined  on  an  eagle,  now  tasteleuly 
thrown  bv  as  useless. 

The  Church  has  a  western  gallerf, 
in  which  is  the  organ. 

In  the  church-yard,  southward  of 
the  Church,  are  two  stone  coffins,  one 
of  which  is  represented  in  the  follow* 
ing  wood-cut. 


Hie  instmment  at  the  side  of  the 
cross  is  similar  to  one  represented  in 
the  Gent.  Mag.  xxix.  p.  4,  aceom- 

Cinied  by  a  letter  from  Mr.  Green  of 
ichfield,  which  produced  some  learned 
remarks  from  Dr.  Pegge  (ibid.  p.  65) ; 
the  latter  antiquary  ima|{ined  tnis  in- 
ttrument  to  be  the  asaa  of  the  Ro- 
mans, though  he  was  unable  to  ac- 
count for  its  existence  on  the  tomb  of 
a  Christian  priest,  fabricated  in  an 
age  which  did  not  deal  in  heathen  al- 
legories or  hieroglyphics,  like  the  ab- 
surd monuments  of  the  present  day. 
In  the  preKDt  inataoce,  tne  knife  bat 


an  inscription ;  the  letters  given  in  the 
cut  are  all  that  can  be  made  ouL 

On  the  north  side  of  the  Church  u 
the  base  and  shaft  of  a  stone  cross. 

On  a  grave-stone  in  this  church- 
yard was  chalked  the  lioet  indicating 
the  old  game  of  "  the  Nine  men? 
Morris,*'  and  the  tame  was  cut  in  the 
stone  coping  of  the  wail  of  the  Cloae, 
which  show  that  this  ancient  pastime 
is  still  in  common  use  in  this  part  of 
the  country.    The  form  of  the  table 

*  See  aa  artidt  en  this  sebjetl  ii  vel. 
^Tii.  i.  pu  tit. 


408  Churches  of  S^t.  Edmund  and  St.  Thomasy  Salitbury.      [Maj, 


or  board  is  given  in  Strutt*s  Sports  and 
Pastimes,  edit.  1830,  page  3I7>  and  in 
Hone's  Every  Day  Book,  vol.  ii.  page 
983,  and  in  page  l66l  are  some  ob- 
obserrations   on    this   aucieut   rustic 


game. 


St.  Edmund's  Church. 


This  is  a  regular  and  elegant  build- 
ing, erected  in  the  Utter  part  of  the 
14ih  century.  It  has  a  centre  and  side 
a'tsles,  a  chancel,  and  a  tower  at  the 
west  end ;  the  latter  is  square  in  plan, 
lofty,  and  finished  with  a  modern  bat- 
dement,  and  has  pinnacles  at  the  angles. 
An  inscription  over  the  door  records 
the  destruction  by  accident,  and  the 
rebuilding  of  the  tower,  which  can 
only  be  reconciled  with  the  present 
appearance  of  the  structure,  b^  sup- 
posins  that  it  originally  had  a  spire  like 
St  Martin's,  aud  that  portion  of  the 
steeple  only  fell  down,  bringing  with  it 
the  battlement,  which  with  the  pinna- 
cles were  the  ouly  parts  that  were  re- 
built The  windows  of  the  Church  have 
beautiful  tracery  of  a  rcjgular  pattern, 
with  quatrefoil  and  upright  divisions. 
In  the  south  aisle  are  nve  windows,  all 
alike  in  design,  with  buttresses  attach- 
ed to  the  piers.  The  north  aisle  is 
similar,  bui  has  a  large  attached  cha- 
pel, which  is  modernised  into  a  vestry 
room;  aud  a  private  gallery  above. 
The  chancel  has  been  rebuilt  in  a  very 
bad  style.  The  columns  which  sepa- 
rate the  aisles  of  the  interior  of  the 
Church  are  clustered,  the  arches  of 
the  equilateral  proportion.  This  Church 
has  internally  been  modernized  to  a 
greater  degree  than  either  of  the  others, 
having  probably  been  injured  by  the 
fall  of  the  steeple.  The  ceiling  is  plas- 
tered without  ornament.  The  chan- 
cel is  Gothicised,  and  has  seats  in  it. 
The  east  window  contains  *'  the  As- 
cension *'  in  painted  gbss,  by  Eggin- 
ton,  the  gift  of  Mr.  Whitechurch, 
Brewer.  The  figure  of  our  Saviour 
much  resembles  that  in  the  east  win- 
dow of  St.  Mary's  Church,  Bryanstone- 
squarc.  This  Church  contained  the 
window  which  excited  the  ire  of  the 

Euritanical  Recorder  Sherfield ;  either 
is  fanatical  zeal  must  have  completely 
effected  his  purpose,  or,  what  is  equally 
probable,  modem  artizans  have  com- 
pletely removed  every  fragment  of  the 
offensive  window.  1  he  font  is  modern 
and  uninteresting,  as  is  also  the  pulpit. 
The  Church  has  a  good  organ.  There 
are   uo    ancient    monuments.     The 


church-yard  is  spacious  and  pleasant ; 
and  is  planted  with  rows  of  lime-tfees. 

St.  Thomas's  Church 

is  situated  in  the  centre  of  the  city. 
It  is  a  large  and  magnificent  build- 
ing, consisting  of  a  nave  and  chancel, 
with  their  respective  aisles,  mud  a 
square  tower  attached  to  the  south 
aisle,  surmounted  by  a  dwarf  spire  of 
lead.  The  west  window  is  large  and 
grand,  and  rich  in  mullionsi  but  the 
Church  cannot  be  seen  to  advantage, 
being  as  much  inclosed  as  the  Lon&a 
Churches.  By  the  side  of  the  west 
door  is  an  odd  monument  in  wood, 
which  would  almost  mislead  the  spec- 
tator into  a  belief  of  a  superior  antiquity 
than  it  possesses. 

The  architecture  of  the  interior  is 
very  beautiful ;  the  pillars  are  dualcr- 
ed,  and  support  poiutcd  arches,  from 
the  archivolts  of  which  spring  perpen- 
dicular muUions,  which  are  carried  up 
the  spandrils,  and  continued  into  the 
windows  of  the  clerestory.  ~Thb  mode 
of  decoration  gives  the  building  an  air 
of.  loftiness,  and  has  a  pleasing  eflcct ; 
in  the  same  style  is  the  Church  of  St. 
Mary  Redcliffe  at  Briatol.  The  capi- 
tals of  the  columns  of  the  nave  are 
richly  sculptured  with  leaves  and  foli- 
age, with  aniuiab  ioterspened. 

The  chancel  is  alio  separated  from 
its  aisles  by  arches  on  clustered  co- 
lumns, but  the  arclutecture  b  more 
plain  than  the  nave.  , 

The  original  timber  roof  remains  in 
a  high  state  of  preterration ;  the  beams 
are  richly  carved,  and  are  ornamented 
with  upright  divbions,  the  whole  truu 
disposed  so  as  to  form  a^  lowpointed 
arch,  with  pierced  spandrils.  Tub  ele- 
gant roof  has  bappjjy  ^*^P^  ^'^  paint 
and  whitewash.  The  roots  of  ihe-ables 
are  low,  and  also  constmctcd  of  tim- 
ber 'y  they  are  pannellcd  in  a  bom'mon 
design,  and  nave  been  handsomely 
painted. 

The  roof  of  the  chancel  b  plainer, 
but  the  beams  rest  on  angeb* 

The  east  window  b  dctiraywl  or 
concealed,  and  in  its  place  b  is  lam 
painting  of  the  **  Transfigoratioo,*'  ^ 
a  native  artist,  — an  auempted  im- 
provement of  Raphael's  inimiuble  jiie- 
ture ;  the  stiff  red-skinned  Bgurea  of  the 
group  would  only  be  acknowledged  bf 
a  sign  pointer. 

The  eastern  ends  of  the  aislct  aie 
partitioned  by  screens  into  cbapfebi 
the  northern  one  b  exceedingly  rich. 


1830.] 


Nolkei  of  TavUiock. 


409 


aod  owet  its  decorations  to  the  piety  of 
a  nierchaot,  whose  tomb  without  an 
inscription  sUuds  in  tlie  centre.  It 
is  an  aliar  tomb,  with  his  mark  several 
times  repeated.  The  ceiling  is  of  the 
same  desizn  as  the  rest  of  ihe  ailes* 
but  is  painted  in  chequers  black, 
white,  and  red,  and  is  more  perfect. 
Much  painted  glass  in  fragments  re- 
main in  the  window,  with  the  mark  of 
the  founder. 


A  large  altar- tomb  on  tlic  north  side 
of  the  chancel  is  said  to  belong  to 
the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  beheaded 
in  pursuance  of  the  sentence  of  Ri- 
chard 111.  to  laconically  given  by 
Shakspeare, 

OS  with  his  head — so  much  for  Buckiog- 
ham! 

The  south  chancel  has  a  modern  al- 
tar screen,  and  was  formerly  used  for 
the  sacrament.  In  this  cnancel  or 
chapel  are  the  monuments  of  the  Eyre 
family ;  and  in  the  east  window  are 
fragments  of  painted  glass,  with  the 
before- mentioned  merchant's  mark. 

Some  old  stalls  with  misereres  re- 
main in  the  chancel.  The  font  is 
mean.  The  pulpit  is  old,  but  the  an- 
cient and  curious  reading-desk  of  wood 
sustained  oo  a  pillar  is  tastelessly 
thrown  aside. 

This  Church  is  singular,  in  possess- 
ing galleries  of  considerable  antiquity 
situattrd  in  the  north  and  south  aisles  j 
that  in  the  latter  situation  is  decorated 
with  curious  praying  figures  of  oak  ap- 
plied as  Cariatidrs,  and  is  probably  as 
old  as  Queen  Elizabeth's  lime,  a  con- 
jecture which  is  corroUirateii  by  her 
arms  remaining  in  the  Church.  This 
Church  posteiscs  an  organ.         E.l.C. 

(Tobt  coniifmed.J 

Notices  of  Tatistock. 
(Continued  Jrom  page  mi.) 

A  VEIL  or  curtain  was  drawn  over 
the  rood  and  the  figures  attached 
to  it,  when  the  services  of  the  church 
^  Qairr.  Mao.  May,  isao. 


in  which  ihey  were  exhibited  were 
completed.  In  is  ex  plains  the  charge 
in  the  preceding  account,  '*  of  a  little 
cord  for  the  »«/."• 

The  next  parochial  docninent  apper- 
taining to  the  Church  of  St.  fiostace, 
%vhich  I  shall  notice,  is  headed  as 
follows  : 

**  The  Account  of  Thonia*  Boles  and  John 
Collyo,  wftrdcDs  of  the  cliurcha  of  Tavistock 
ffiroin  the  thirde  day  of  Maya  in  the  yere  of 
our  Lorde  Godd  one  tliowtaodo  flFyva  hoodrad 
ffoirer  schora  aod  eight,  until  toe  third  day 
of  May  in  the  yert  uf  our  Lorde  Godd  ooa 
thoutande  11^ ve  liuodr^  ffower  schora  aod 
njoe,  that  is  to  weeta  for  one  whole  yers." 

From  which  1  extract  the  follo%ving 
items : 

**  Receipts  for  the  buryalle  aod  balle.f 

"  Imprimti,  the  same  aocoinptanU  doa 
charge  themselves  with  the  receipt  o(  ivd. 
ffor  the  greate  Im*!!,  upon  the  death  of  Mar- 
garett  the  daughter  of  Roger  Dollyo. 

'*  Item.  Receaved  upon  the  deaths  of 
Agoet  Drake,  for  all  the  bells  and  her  grave* 

\U$.  lV(f. 

**  Receaved  for  all  the  hells  upon  tha  death 
of  Eweftiet  (Eustace)  Coll^rn,  viiid. 

'*  Received  of  tha  p'shcrs  (parishiooers) 
of  Tavbtock  towardes  a  rate  oiade  fur  the 
settinge  f»unhe  of  souldyers  ftir  tha  guard- 
inge  of  the  Queen's  roa'tie*s  p'soo,  asd  to- 
wardes the  mayotenauoce  of  the  ehorcha 
this  yere,  as  appeareth  by  a  book  of  p*tieu- 
lars  thereof,  xxx/t.  %s.  Ivd." 

A  large  portion  of  this  charge  was 
doubtless  for  the  musters  of  1588,  the 
year  of  the  Armada. 

«  Item.  Gave  Mr.  Bickell,  Mr.  Battishill, 
Mr.  Knightes,  and  other  preachers  who 
preached  at  s'vall  times  in  this  p'ishe  ehurcha 
this  yere  [1688]  ivs.  viiiiL^Ium.  Pskla  for 
wyne  and  l>reade  this  yere  for  the  comanyoa 
table  Itxi.  iikf.— Item,  paide  Jt>hn  Drake  the 
schole  roaster,  for  teachlnga  in  the  gramer 
schote  this  yere,  xii&— Item,  paid  to  Nicho- 
las Watts  for  wages  for  teachinge  of  the  lit- 
tle children  this  yere,  iiijft*. — Item,  paide  at 
the  muster  in  Aogutt  last  past,  xU. — Itcm» 
paide  by  Mr.Ffyts  his  comaunderoent  thex^l. 
of  June,  1688y  unto  a  collector  havioc  tha 
Queene*s  create  scale  to  collect  with,  vui— 
Item,  paide  for  a  rope  for  one  of  the  balls, 
xviij</. — Item,  paide  in  August  for  the  ex- 
penses of  the  soldiers  at  FlympCon,  viis.— ^ 

*  **  Sold,  a  red  of  iroo,  which  the  cur- 
tain ran  upon  bafera  the  rood.  A.D.  I549» 
dd  Edward  VI.'*— ArOrr'i  Hi$i.  rf  l^aUkam 
Abtey. 

f  This  shawathaS  the  expressioes  used 
by  Shakspaara  ia  hia  Hamlet,  «<  tha  brhtf- 
iog  home  of  MZ  and  turialt"  were  in  tbs 
ourrtat  Ibras  of  bis  day.— fSdr  Hamleif  Aei 
V.  a0Me  1st. 


410 


Noiica  of  Tavistock. 


[MAy, 


Iteni)  ptld  to  John  Barges,  for  his  pftynes  ia 
goinge  with  the  Thrum  [the  toim  dram]  vidl 
—Item,  p«ide  the  6th  of  August  and  the 
8th  of  August  last  past,  to  Mr.  Ffytz  of  the 
roooejes  collected  at  the  last  rate  zvU£r.'— 
Item,  paide  the  1 8  th  of  August  last,  to  Rich- 
ard Drake*  towards  the  charge  of  the  tjn> 
ners,  viti. — Item,  paide  James  the  cutler  for 
makinge  cleane  strappynge  and  other  trym- 
mynge  for  the  corselett  and  other  armour  of 
the  parishe,  and  for  a  new  d^gar,  vis. — Item, 
puide  for  a  new  glrdell,  zvi  J. — Item,  paide 
for  a  booke  of  articles  at  the  firste  vlsitac'on, 
and  for  other  ffees  then,  xxud. — Item,  for 
writing  the  presentments*  at  the  vislta'cn, 
and  lyninge  in  thereof,  xiid— Item,  paide 
for  the  expences  of  the  wardens,  sydemen, 
olarckes,  and  others  of  the  p*ishe  at  dynner 
that  dav,  vi5.  vid.  —  Item,    paide  Thomas 
Watts  for  amendinge  of  the  Bible  and  the 
Bookes  of  Co*mon  Prayer,  beiuge  toren  in 
dyrers  placet,  ii«.  ud, — Item,  paide  for  the 
expences  of  the  constable,  Mr.  Mohan,  and 
of  John  CoUyn,  one  of  the  wardens,  and  of 
Stephen  Hamblyn,  and  of  the  constable's 
man  at  Plympton,  beinse  there  at  the  asses- 
tinge  of  the  subtidie,  the  x*^  of  September, 
1588,  iii«.  id — Item,  paide  to  one  that  col- 
lected with  the  broade  teale,  the  twentieth 
of  October  last,  vid. 

**  Item,  paide  to  three  Iryshemen,  which 
hadd  a  lycente  from  the  Earell  [Earl]  of 
Bath,  vid. 

**  To  a  poore  man  of  Saynt  Sidwell's, 
which  had  a  testymonyall,  y'ld. 

**  To  a  poore  man  that  collected  for  the 
hospitall  of  Saynt  Leonard's,  y\d. 

**  Paide  the  paver  for  amendinge  the  pave- 
ment by  the  oooduytts  and  the  street  by  the 
higher  churche  bowe,  xxvii. 

**  William  Gaye  for  killing  of  eight  ffoxesf 
this  yere,  viiij. 

'*  Item,  paid  for  a  chayne  and  settinge  in 
thereof,  for  the  fastenynge  of  the  diclionar- 
rie  in  the  schole  howse,t  ixd. 

'*  Item,  paide  Walter  Burces  for  one 
nlanke  and  nayles,  amendinge  ofthe  Widdow 
Nicholls  and  WiUter  Poynter's  wyfe's  seatc^ 
and  other  seatea,  \i\d.  Item,  paide  him  for 
cOYeringe  of  sixe  graves  in  the  churche  thb 
yere,  zviiid.  Item,  paid  him  fur  wathingeof 
the  church  cloihet,  viiid. 


*'  Item,  for  wrytiogft  this  ttoompl  mmI  tlie 
accompt  of  the  almt-noote  Uodet,  vit.  v&iiL 

**  Bestowed  on  Mr.  Moore  tM  preadwr, 
for  his  expenoe,  %x\\d,** 

From  a  ChurchwardeD*t  book,  be- 
ginning l6f)l,  I  extract  the  fonowing 
entries  : 

<*  Briefs  in  our  parish  at  follow : 
«  i9th  AprU^  1660.  Collected  for  a  oooi- 
pany  going  to  New  England,  taken  by  tlie 
Ostenders,  6«.  6d. 

*<  September  167A,  1666.  Collected  to- 
wards tne  reliefe  of  the  present  poore  dis- 
tressed people  of  the  towne  and  univenity 
of  Cambridge. 

«  October  lUh,  1666.  Colleeted  towards 
the  reliefe  ofthe  poore  inhabitants  of  London, 
who  have  lately  suffered  by  the  lamentable 
fire,  IR  55.  9j^. 

**  Feb.  2Ut,  1668.  Collected  the  day 
above  written  of  the  towne  and  neriahe  of 
Tavistocke  towards  the  reliefe  aaa  redemp- 
tion of  severall  persons  now  alavte  to  tne 
Turkes  in  Algiers  and  SaUay  and  other  pboctf, 
IL  9s,  lid. 

"  1 670.  9 1  St,  i9d,  9Srf,  94CJk  MmMfcr. 
Collected  towards  the  redempcioa  of  tilt  pn^ 
sent  captives  in  Turkey,  in  tha  town  md 
parish  of  Tavistock."  The  list  oooaiits  of 
upwards  of  seven  hundred  ooatriiNitorB.| 
Amount  of  contribution,  161.  0».  9ii. 

"  18M  July,  1674.  Ctdleetad  Uien  tha 
summe  of  1/.  8s.  4^fbr  tha  fire  of  St.  Mar- 
tin's in  the  feilds,  in  the  county  of  Middlasai. 
«  9th  May,  1675.  Collactad  thaa  for 
John  Forslett,  of  MiIbrook»»  in  tha  eoonty 
of  Cornwall,  a  poor  captive  in  FVn  vndar  iIm 
Turks,  ilAOs.  l|dl 

94th  April,  1675.  For  tha  fhe  at  Rad- 
burne,  in  the  county  of  Hartfbid,  df.  6tf. 

**  March  i9lh,  1675.  To  apatitionfcv 
John  Lawee,  a  captive  im  TitMi^  •&  JA 

**  l^th  September,  1^17*  For  tha  fin  at 
St.  Saviour's,  and  St.ThoasaSt  in  tha  con^ 
of  Surrey,  97s.  9d. 

**  97th  October.  For  JaaMa Cola  afXol- 
nes,  a  captive  in  Argiar,  174*  7j^ 

'M680,  August.  Another  ganwal  aallic 
tion  for  redemption  of  the  praeant  aaptivaa  in 
Turkey,  amounting  to  6<.  18«.  6dL 

1 68 1 ,  JVooem^er.  Another,  toWBidi  *  tha 


fC 


*  Of  recusants  refusing  to  attend  the  common  prayer. 

f  The  reward  for  the  destruction  of  a  fox  was  increafed  about  a  centofj  aftar  tUa 
more  than  threefold,  as  appears  from  the  following  entry  :  ''May  19,  1679.  Thia  davit 
was  agreed  by  the  masters  and  inhabitants  of  the  towne  and  parishe  of  Taeystoalca,  uat 
whosoever  shall  kill  any  fFox  wiUiin  the  said  parish,  shall  rereive  for  his  or  their  paynaa 
in  so  doing  the  sum  of  three  shillings  and  {out  pence."^  Ckurehcarden's  Book,  1660 
to  1740. 

X  This  is  an  amusing  charge,  and  shows  the  scarcity  of  lexicographic  tomea  in  thai  day. 
The  reader  will  remember  to  have  eeen  in  many  parish  churches  tlie  black  lettar  Acta  and 
Monuments  of  the  Martyrs,  similarly  attached  ;>fo  bono puliico  **  to  a  cfa^Da.**  Eraamna'a 
paraphrase  on  the  Gospels  remains  at  the  |>resent  time  thus  secured  in  'TaTiitoak  Chnldl^ 
\\w  original  cost  of  which,  according  to  an  item  in  another  account,  was  15a. 

§  At  the  head  of  this  list  is  tha  Honourable  Lady  Marie  Howard,  10#.,  GaOTflHowMlt 
esq.  Gs.,  eight  of  their  servants,  95. 


isao.) 


Nolkei  of  Tamiock. 


4U 


pvffMil  tabtMliBM  and  i«Utf  of  tU  dit- 
trtMed  PiotMtaou  of  Fftmaot,  6L  lit.  Sid,' 
"  fiTiA  Stfiember^  1688.  Paid  and  Uvd 
out  to  not  M*.  Mary  DtatTMn  fbvre  thU- 
Kogt  for  h«r  ehtfge  in  goio^  to  her  frioDdt, 
h«vio|(  •  grtalt  loat  amoog  aine  funmiljM  ia 
ftHo  town  of  Mumbjr  in  the  oountv  of  Liocolo, 
heviog  teeo  her  petkkio  oiKUr  the  haodt  end 
•oeie  of  the  jostieet  of  peece  of  that  couoty, 
Sooienet,  mod  Devon,  toteetifieit.  The  ton 
is  1400/.  fthe  Joti  bjr  •  breeche  of  the  tyde 
•torme  thet  violcotlv  deatroyed  heare  hooaet 
and  goods,  and  her  busbaade  was  loet  in  sav- 
lag  those  goods. 

These  ciptites  in  Turkey,  which 
appear  to  have  been  very  numerout, 
were  pritoneri  to  the  revert  of  Bar- 
bary.  whoae  piratical  depredatioDi  on 
ihe  teas,  in  the  reign  or  Charles  II., 
were  rrprcssed  with  considerable  diffi- 
culty by  the  out6t  of  several  naval  ar- 
mamenu  against  them. 

The  Register  of  marriages,  births, 
baptisms,  and  deaths,  is  not  exunt  at 
Tavistock  earlier  than  the  year  |/36(» ; 
but  the  Rer.  Mr.  Carpenter,  of  South 
Sydenham,  or  Sydenham  Uamerell,  in 
that  neigh bournood,  showed   me  the 
register  of  bis  church,  beginning  A.D. 
1639.     I  apprehend  this  is  as  early  a 
register  as  any  eaUnt,  for  in  the  vear 
1636,  says  Slow,  '*  in  t^e  mooeth  of 
September,  Thomas  Cromwell,  Lord 
Priry  Scale,  Vicegerent  to  the  King's 
Highness,  sent  forth  intimations  to  all 
bishops  and  curates  through  the  real  me, 
charging  them  to  see  that  in  everie  pa- 
rish church,  the  Bible  of  the  largest 
volume  printed  in  English,  were  placed 
for  all  men  to  reade  on,  (secured  no 
doubt  like  the  Dictionary  of  the  Gram- 
mar School  at  Tavutock,  and  the  Mar- 
tyrology,   in   many  churches,  by  '  a 
ehayoe,*)  and  that  a  book  or  Aegis* 
ier   were  also  provided  and   kept  iu 
every  parbh  church,  wherein  shall  he 
written    every    wedding,    christninc, 
and  burying,  within  the  same  part£ 
for  ever."* 

The  various  beads  of  the  Sydenham 
Resbter  are  preceded  by  ceruin  texta 
of  Scripture,  as  the  baptismal  entries, 
by  "  whosever  was  not  foood  written 
in  the  book  of  life,  was  cast  into  the 
bke  of  6re,'*  &c.  &c. 

The  overthrow  of  the  episcopal 
church,  by  the  fanatics  and  puriuns, 
who  actea  so  prominent  a  part  in  the 
political  revolution,  doring  the  reiga 
of  the  unfortunate  Charles,  placed  toe 

•  Stow's  Aoaaks,  Edil.  UM,  4**.  p. 
97^. 


parochial  clergy  at  the  mrrey  of  a  crew 
of  hypocrites,  and  hi^  pretenders  lo 
religion,  who  violated  lU  first  principle, 
common  charity.  IntheBritiahMnseam 
is  preserved  a  register  of  all  the  chqrcli 
livings  ill  severalof  the  piiocipal  couQ- 
ties  of  England,  made  about  the  year 
1654,  for  the  use  of  the  Commissioners 
under  an  Act  for  ejecting  scandalous 
and  inefficient  ministers.  In  this  do* 
cument  we  find  the  living  of  Tavistock 
valued  at  940/.  per  annuir.  The  Earl 
of  Bedford  iu  patron.  Glebe  7/.  per 
annum;  and  50/.  annum,  lately  added 
to  the  incumbent's  pension  by  the  Earl 
of  Bedford,  which  before  had  been  hot 
IQlf  per  annum. 

The  incurabent  was  Mr.  Thomas 
Lewknor,  who  had  the  fl^>od  chance 
to  be  noted  in  the  report  as  '*  a  preach- 
ing minister  ;**  others,  not  so  fortunate, 
were  marked  out  for  expulsion,  on  a 
system  which  lay  open  a  wide  field  for 
the  exercise  of  private  animosity  and 
parly  malignity,  and  which  discarded 
the  Scripture  maxim,  that  the  gifted 
as  well  as  the  ungifted,  if  sincere  in 
their  duty,  are  members  of  the  same 
body  in  the  church,  and  *'  that  there 
are  diversities  of  gifu  but  the  aame 
tptrt/."    On  such  grounds  as  the  fol- 
lowing were  the  ministers  of  the  church 
marked  for  proscription—"  conceived 
to  he  insufficient  by  most  of  the  inha- 
bitanu  ;*'  <*  an  aid  man ;  he  preacheth 
andexpouodeth  once  every  Lord'sdaj/' 
"  A  preaching  minister;  he  hath  spo» 
ken  scandalously  of  the  proceed i^ga  of 
the   Fariiament."     ••  Preaches  once 
every  Lord's  day;  very  diligent,  but 
insufficient,   having  a  Datoral  imper- 
fection in  his  speech."    "  A  very  ho* 
nest  man,  but  grown  old  and  weak» 
and  hath  not  a  eood  delivery."    "  A 
frequenter  of  aliSieuaes,  and  one  that 
sUnds  in  opposition  against  the  Par» 
liament."     •'  Hath  been  in   Prince 
Rupert's  army."    "  Formerly  in  arma 
against  the  Parliament.'*     '•  Reputed 
unclean  and  scandalous."    "  Disabled 
by  reason  of  age  and  a  cold  pelsj.'* 
"  Preacheth   not  four  times  e-year, 
and   frequently   uaeth    the   fiook   of 
Common  Prayer/*    For  a  parochial 
minister  to  continue  to  tise  the  Book 
of  Common  Prayer  was  a  high  offence. 
The  substitute  for  that,  our  sublime 


t  l\L    per  aaaaa,    wm  the   ^ 

charged  on  tbs  Eari  of  Bedford,  hf  the 
original  giam  of  the  Ahbaor  beds  al  iha 
•oppression. 


419 


Modern  Law  Reform, 


[May, 


national  ritual,  was  a  sort  of  manual, 
directing  the  ministers  in  the  use  of 
their  extemporaneous  effusions,  and 
called  •*  the  Directory."  As  the  reign 
of  the  Directory  was  short,  and  the 
tract  itself  (a  quarto)  now,  I  believe, 
very  rare,  I  may  be  permitted  to  sub- 
join its  title, 

**  A  Directory  for  the  publique  worship  of 
God,  throughout  the  three  kingdoms  of  Eng- 
land, Scotland,  and  Ireland,  together  with 
an  ordinance  of  Parliament,  fur  the  taking 
away  the  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  and  fur 
establishing  and  observing  of  this  present 
Directory  throughout  the  kingdom  of  Eng- 
land and  dominion  of  Wales. 

«  Die  Jovis,  13  Martii,  1644. 
*<  Ordered  by  the  Lords  and  Commons 
assembled  in  Parliament,    that  this  Ordi- 
nance and  Directory  be  forthwith  printed 
and  published. 

"  H.  Elsynge,  Cler.  Pari.  D.  Com. 

"  Joh.  Browni  Cleric.  Parliamentorum. 

*'  London,  printed  for  the  Company  of 
Stationers,  1645." 

(To  be  coniinued,) 


Mr  Urban, 


Mai/  22. 


*'  /^ALM  is  my  Soul,  nor  apt  to 
V^  rise  in  wrath  ;**  but  when  I 
witness  mere  declamation,  uttered  by 
one  who  has  the  will,  and  received 
with  ignorant  acclamation  by  those 
who  have  the  power,  to  effect  the  most 
mischievous  alterations  in  the  law,  I 
experience  a  deep  sense  of  self  abase- 
ment at  my  inability  to  defend  the 
right,  against  that  perverted  eloquence 
which  advocates  the  wrong ;  and  there- 
fore nothing  but  a  sense  of  duty  and  a 
hope  to  stimulate  some  abler  champion 
to  the  righteous  contest,  would  induce 
me  to  raise  my  warning  voice  on  the 
occasion. 

It  is  possible  that  much  of  what  I 
have  to  say  may  not  accord  with  your 
aentiments;  but  while  I  trust  to  your 
candour  and  impartiality  for  making 
allowance  for  mere  difference  of  opi- 
nion, it  gives  me  pleasure  to  advert  to 
one  essential  point  on  which  we  agree, 
and  that  is  the  confirmed  English  feel- 
ing, which  amid  all  the  chances  and 
changes  attending  political  events,  has 
pervaded  your  Journal,  and  which  will 
mainly  account  for  its  enjoying  to  a 
green  old  age  of  one  hundred  years  a 
coniinued  and  honourable  influence 
with  that  intelligent  and  important 
middle  class  of  English  society,  which 
controls  all  beneath^  and  influences 
all  above  it. 


By  this  pole  star  of  British  senti- 
ment, 1  profess  to  be  guided  in  iny 
humble  course,  and  in  obedience  to  its 
leading,  would  denounce  to  public  vi- 
gilance and  to  public  censure,  a  bold 
bad  band  of  men,  who,  with  Hannibal, 
but  in  a  spirit  the  reverse  of  his,  have 
vowed  on  their  unhallowed  altars, 
eternal  warfare  against  the  laws,  reli- 
j»ion,  and  institutions  of  their  country. 
Un-English  in  their  hearts,  un-English 
in  their  thoughts,  and  conseoucntly 
un-English  in  their  designs;  naving 
Benthum  for  their  oracle,  and  Carlile 
for  their  agent — "  Condorcet  filtered 
through  the  dregs  of  Paine"-— they  con- 
template an  entire  revolution  in  the 
national  jurisprudence.  Unskilled  in 
the  depths  of  English  law,  and  only 
acquainted  with  the  Napoleon  revolu- 
tionary code,  and  the  superficial  tex- 
ture of  Genevan  legislation,  they  hate 
with  a  perfect  hatred  the  magnificent 
structure  of  the  constitutional  and  pro- 
tecting law  of  Britain,  adapting  itself, 
as  it  has  ever  done,  to  the  growing 
exigencies  of  the  subjects  of  its  care. 

Emerging  from  the  woods ofSaxoDy, 
established  by  Alfred,  improved  by 
Edward  theConfessOr,  unconquered  at 
the  Conquest,  triumphantly  confirmed 
by  Magna  Charta,ano  ripening  through 
successive  ages,  the  substance  of  Eng- 
lish law,  the  growth,  like  English  oak, 
of  a  thousand  years,  would  present  too 
obstinate  a  resistance  to  any  open  pro-- 
jects  which  these  cold-blooded  theorists 
might  plan  for  iu  destruction.  It  has 
therefore  been  their  policy  to  proceed 
by  sapping,  and  on  fortunately  they 
have  found  instruments  to  their  hearts' 
content. 

A  speech  of  six  hours  duration,  and 
not  understood  by  any  six  persons  who 
heard  it,  eficcied  two  nii§;hty  jobs  in 
the  shape  of  royal  commissions,  for  the 
reform  of  law  in  all  its  branches.    Tlie 
Commissioners,    however,    proceeded 
slowly,  selon  let  reglei,  furnishing  a 
report  for  each  year's  salary,  and  all 
being  Englishmen,  and  some  of  them 
good  lawyers,  they  professed  to  adhere 
to  established  principles,  and  to  leave 
certain  landmarks  undisturbed.     Had 
their  scheme,  therefore,  been  sufiered 
to  proceed  without  interference,  the 
result,  some  ten   years  hence,  might 
have  issued  in  a  few  improvements  in 
the  deuil  of  practise,  such  as  would  in 
better  times  have  Inren  imperceptibly 
effected  by  the  authority  of  the  Jod^» 
or  by  short  Acts  of  Parliament,  with- 


1830.] 


Modem  Law  Reform. 


41S 


out  having  recourse  to  ipeechet  or  com- 
missions. 

This  course,  howerer,  proving  too 
tedious  for  the  sanguine  hopes  of  the 
codcificaiors  allucltd  to,  a  speech  of 
three  hours  succeeded ;  which,  although 
only  one  half  the  length  of  its  pre* 
cursor,  is  calculated  to  do  twice  the 
mischief. 

This  speech  comprised  two  ohjects, 
one  being  the  establishment  of  some 
nondescript  tribunal  of  arbitration  and 
conciliation,  passing  all  understanding, 
and  the  other  assuming  the  more 
tangible  proposition  of  establishing 
local  jurisdictions  fur  determining  all 
qtiesiions  not  exceeding  50/.  in  value, 
and  to  be  decided  by  a  barrister,  ap» 
pointed  in  each  county,  at  a  salary  of 
1500/.  per  ann.*  with  a  suitable  esta- 
blishment of  oliices  and  clerks. 

This  suggestion  is  ingeniously  calcu- 
lated to  conciliate  the  support  of  Go- 
vernment, as  it  will  afford  the  means 
of  conferring  snug  births  on  some  fifty 
young  gentlemen  of  the  same  breed 
and  breeding  as  the  Commissioners  of 
Bankrupt,  selected  with  the  same  re- 
gard io famiti/  merit.  A  considerable 
body  of  clerks  and  subordinate  officers 
will  extend  the  claims  of  inferior  pa- 
tronage, and  largely  add  to  the  noble 
army  of  pensioners. 

In  these  local  courts  of  extended 
conscience,  into  %vhich  a  defendant 
may  be  dragged  from  Exeter  to  York, 
the  contending  parties  must  appear  in 
person,  and  are  to  be  allowed  no  aid 
from  counsel  or  attorney;  thus  as- 
suming that  each  party  is  equally  com- 
petent to  sute  his  case ;  that  no  rela- 
tive disabilities  attend  sex,  age,  infir- 
mity, or  imbecility,  or  that  the  JtxJge 
should  supply  them  all,  and  which  I 
hope  he  will  do  better  than  in  the  case 
of  a  learned  Judge  in  a  forty  shilling 
Court  with  which  I  am  acquainted, 
where  it  is  the  Judge's  practice  in- 
stantly and  intuitively  to  favour  one 
party  while  he  bullies  the  other,  though 
It  must  be  admitted  to  the  credit  of  his 
impartiality,  that  it  appears  entirely 
matterof  chance  which  side  heespotiaes. 


•  Sone  criterion  to  judge  of  iha  exor- 
bitancy of  tbb  salary,  U  affonM  by  the  C^rt 
that  tiM  t&bry  of  a  verv  laamed  and  asott 
rwpeetabla  IWriatar,  who  acu  m  AsMSMr 
ix  Uia  County  Palatiae  Court  at  Prastoa* 
and  dtvocat  the  whole  o£  bis  tioM  to  iu  ia* 
portaat  dotiat.  ia  no  moft  than  400L  per 


and  that  he  occasionally  ehtnget  sidet 
with  equal  impetuosity.  The  result 
of  this  is,  that  the  Judge  always  gains 
the  cause,  and  justice  seldom. 

Our  Saxon  legislators,  more  inti- 
mately acquainted  with  the  obliquitlek 
of  the  human  mind,  wisely  ordained 
that  one  man *s  oath  should  never  prevail 
to  his  own  advantage :  they  also  knew 
that  no  single  judge  could  be  safety 
intrusted  with  a  conclusive  decision  of 
a  case.  They  therefore  multiplied  the 
barriers  of  judges,  appeals,  juries,  and 
compurgators,  in  aid  of  poor  human 
nature.  They  knew  the  force  of  local 
prrjudices  and  associations ;  and  de- 
vised the  circuits,  determining  that  no 
Judge  of  Assixe  should  go,  in  that  ca- 
pacity, into  his  native  coimtj,  the  ne- 
glect of  which  latter  caution  has  tn^ 
qnenily  afforded  matter  for  regret,  bat 
the  occasional  inconvenience  will  be 
perpetuated  by  the  establishment  of 
local  resident  Judges,  from  whose  de- 
cision there  is  to  be  no  appeal.f 

In  fact,  in  these  well-named  Courts 
of  Conscience,  the  largest  conscience 
usually  succeeds;  and   it  not  nnfre- 

auently  happens,  that  under  the  in- 
uence  of  a  very  extensive  conscience; 
|)arties  are  summoned  and  constrained 
to  pay  debts  which  they  never  in- 
curred, for  goods  they  never  received. 

Hitherto  the  srievance  has  not  ex- 
ceeded forty  shillings,  and  many  are 
the  daily  victims  to  this  maximum  of 
the  rights  of  conscience,  but  the  public 
will  feel  more  severely  the  application 
of  the  same  principle  to  50/.,  and  I  do 
not  hesitate  to  affirm,  that  a  bold  lar^ 
conscienced  plaintiff  may  plunder  vnth 
impunity  to  right  and  left,  and  the 
timid  and  the  simple  be  his  constant 
prey. 

Thus  we  are  at  once  to  sarrender  to 
the  extent  of  debts  and  claims  of  50/., 
our  hitherto  unimpeached  administra- 
tion of  public  justice,  by  Judges  and 
Juries,  in  favour  of  a  single  provincial 
Judge,    the    relation,   dependent,    or 

t  A  futJie  attaaspt  was  nsada  in  aiga- 
ment  to  compare  the  propoaad  local  eoort 
of  an  ftstistant  Barritiar  with  the  antieat 
County  Court  i  hut  there  doaa  not  exist  the 
least  pnrtiela  of  reaaasblaoea  between  diaaa* 
Indeed  if  there  dkl,  tha  powera  of  the  Coum 
Court  might  ba  eaUed  bto  action  at  a  nsuali 
cheaper  rate,  as  it  ia  only  dormant^  and  Mi 
extinct,  and  aoma  evkianoa  of  its  iaafieiaaey 
may  ba  coUadad  from  the  &ct  of  lis  bsvi^g 
&11«B  bto  desaetada. 


414 


Modern  Law  Reform^ 


[May, 


creature  of  the  I^rd  LieutCDaat,  or  of 
the  County  Members,  if  on  the  win- 
niog  side,  and  this  patronage  will  tend 
to  keep  them  so,  and  connected  directly 
or  indirectly  with  all  the  feuds  and 
election  squabbles  of  the  Country. 

The  intended  plan  is,  indeed,  di- 
rectly calculated  to  extend  ministerial 
patronage  throughout  the  whole  circle 
of  the  Bar ;  the  emoluments  of  which 
have  increased,  in  an  inverse  ratio  to 
its  respectability.  Its  professors  are 
well  represented  in  parliament  and  play 
the  farce  well,  of  endeavouring  to  claim 
a  degree  of  equal  reputation  for  the 
whole  body,  or,  of  only  conceding,  as 
was  done  iu  a  recent  speech,  in  the 
House  of  Commons,  that  but  one  in  a 
hundred  may  be  of  questionable  honour. 
Were  this  indeed  so,  the  number  of 
Barristers  must  far  exceed  the  published 
list ;  because,  that  givipg  under  1000, 
xny  dividend  of  black  sheep  would  be 
about  SO  per  cent. — a  much  larger  pro- 
portion, let  roe  add,  than  justly  applies 
to  the  wliole  body  of  Attorneys  and 
Solicitors,  so  mueh  the  theme  of  abuse 
with  the  great  vulgar,  and  the  small. 

While  on  this  topic  I  may  be  per- 
mitted to  observe,  without  fear  of  con- 
tradiction, that  Attorneys,  as  a  class, 
possess  a  greater  share  of  intelligence 
and  integrity  than  will  be  found  in  any 
other  portion  of  the  community,  ex- 
posed to  equal  temptation.  The  test 
of  their  honour  lies  in  the  fact  that, 
although  vituperated  en  masse,  every 
peer,  every  member  of  the  House  of 
Commons,  every  gentleman,  and  every 
tradesman,  has  one  solicitor,  the  de- 
pository of  hisconBdence,  in  pecuniary 
as  well  as  in  domestic  relations,  the 
guardian  commonly  of  his  children, 
the  protector  in  most  cases  of  his  pro- 
perty. Consequently,  as  all  the  noble- 
men, gentlemen,  and  tradesmen  of 
England,  cannot  employ  the  same  so- 
licitor, the  number  of  such  confiden- 
tial friends  and  agents  must  be  very 
considerable, and  each  would  be  warmly 
quoted  by  his  immediate  client  as  an 
exception  to  the  vulgar  rule.  The  ge- 
neral business  of  the  country,  public 
as  well  as  private,  is  likewise  in  a  great 
measure  intrusted  to  their  conduct;  and 
among  them,  are  many  as  well  bora 
and  educated  as  the  foremost  at  lh« 
Bar,  and  star-height  abo%*e  the  SO  per 
cent,  gentlemen,  who  have  resorted  to 
the  Bar,  as  a  refuge  from  insolvent 
trade,  from  the  accountant's  desk,  or 
from  the  auctioneer's  pulpit,  and  who 


degrade  the  profession  into  a  trade  hy 
all  the  eagerness  of  mercenary  compe- 
tition, prompted  by  the  irresistible  sti- 
mulus of  starvation. 

You  would  have  escaped  this  appeal 
had  the  Bench,  and  the  liiie  of  ihc  Bar, 
stood  forth  the  champions  and  the  bul- 
wark of  the  profession  they  adorn  ;  but, 
misled  by  the  phantom  of  pseudo-libe« 
rality,  and  astounded  at  seeing  in  the 
enemy's  ranks  the  head  of  the  Home 
pepartdient,  they  seem  to  regard  with 
indifference  the  attack  made  upon  the 
fabric  of  English  jurisprudence,  and  by 
consequence  of  the  English  Constitu- 
tion. 

This  revolutionary  movement  has 
first  fixed  its  fan^s  upon  the  Law.  A 
fiercer  irruption,  if  possible,  is  plann^ 
against  the  Church ;  and  an  easy  cal- 
culation will  ascertain,  how  long  thft 
Crown  and  Aristocracy  can  survive. 

If  the  system,  descended  to  us  throogb 
a  succession  of  twelve  centpriet,  and 
by  which  we  have  been  permitted  to 
achieve  a  name  beyond  that  of  eveiv 
other  nation  under  heaven,  be  wortQ 
preserving,  I  invoke  the  high-bora 
and  well-bred  youth  of  England  to  iti 
aid,  by  the  same  sacred  spell  which 
led  their  fathers  forth,  in  firm  array, 
to  daunt  the  invader  from  our  shores. 
Theirs  was  a  call  more  ^lorioui,  per- 
haps, but  not  more  pressing  than  that 
which  should  urge  the  present  genem- 
tion  to  defeat  the  machinations  of  an 
insidious  enemy  in  our  own  camp. 

It  is  my  boast  that  I  was  one  of  that 
number,  who,  forgetting  every  distinc- 
tion of  sect  or  party,  remembered 
only  that  the  enemy  was  at  the  gate  of 
our  beloved  country.  The  demonstra- 
tion was  victor]^.  A  similar  bufst  of 
feeling  would,  in  like  manner,  para- 
lyse the  efforts  of  the  coldly  calculating 
dastards,  who  desire  the  subversion  of 
our  civil  and  religious  institutions. 
Their  only  chance  of  succest  lies  in 
the  a  path  V  displayed  on  the  |Mirt  of  the 
gentry  of  England,  who,  in  calmly 
witnessing,  if  not  aiding,  the  demoli- 
tion of  what  they  may  consider  nnim* 
portant  outworks,  will  learn  top  late, 
that  they  have  endangered  their  own 
citadel. 

I  need  not  add  that  these  roj  de- 
clared sentiments  are  perfectly  consis- 
tent with  the  fullest  latitude  of  legiti- 
mate opposition  to  the  measures  of 
Government,  and  with  the  most  stre- 
nuous apoeals  for  redress  of  srievanceSy 
and  for  tlie  retrenchment  ofespeoset. 


i«da] 


JntUnt  Veuel  found  In  heicmd. 


415 


'  Animam  libera?i  neam/ — a  waro* 
ing  Toice  is  raited^  ibat  thoold  route 
those  possessing  greater  means  and  abi- 
lity to  avert  the  eril.    As  for  me, 

"  Who  koow  DO  with  «bovo 
Tb«  good  of  EngUad  and  mj  Covuterft 
loto," 

I  would  conclude  with  the  sentiment 
of  the  ^fQod  Bishop  of  Barcelona— 
"  Christianus  mihi  nomen  est,  Angli- 
canus  vero  cognomen,  illud  me  nun* 
cupaty  istud  oatendit." 

Yours,  &c.  M.  M.  M. 

Mr.  Urbav, 

THE  vessel,  engraved  at  p.  305, 
and  described  by  your  Correspon- 
dent T.  C.  C,  as  having  been  found  in 
one  of  those  circular  entrenchments  in 
Ireland,  popularly  called  Danish  Forts, 
presents  ceruin  indicia  which  plainly 
prove  that  (whatever  may  be  said  of 
the  entrenchment)  it  cannot  have  been 
deposited  there  at  a  period  of  any  re- 
mote antiquity.  The  style  of  the  or- 
namenu  on  the  jug ;  the  medallion, 
repeated  upon  it,  containing  the  head 
of  a  warrior,  his  beard,  helmet,  and 
plaited  shirt,  distinctly  designate  this 
piece  of  pottery  as  of  the  time  of  Henry 
VlII.*  The  brown  mottled  ware  de- 
scribed was  not,  I  believe,  uncommon 
in  the  sixteenth  and  seventeenth  cen- 
turies. 1  have  myself  a  specimen  of  it 
found  in  the  moat  of  an  old  house  in 
Surrey.  It  is  an  earthen  bottle,  and  is 
adorned  with  a  long  bearded  visage, 
and  a  medallion  enclosing  a  radiated 
ornament. 

It  is  remarked  by  Mr.  Gifford,  in 
hi«  tiotes  to  Ben  Jonson,  that  '*  The 
jogs  in  use  two  centuries  ago  were  dis- 
tinfi^uished  by  a  swelling  rotundity  of 
shape,  and  a  man's  face  fDr  a  spout, 
with  a  rery  long  dependent  beard.** 
In  Jonson s  "Bartholomew  Fair,'* 
the  bully  Captain  Whit  characterize! 
Poppy  as 

'*  A  tlroag  maot  a  mighty  mao,  my  Lord 
Mayor's  asaa,  aad  a  wrutlsr.  He  has 
wraihltd  so  hmg  wHh  the  bottle  here,  that 
dke  moo  with  A  teori  hash  ahnosht  streck 
up  hith  becU." 

In  «•  The  New  Inn,*'  Lovel  de- 
scribes the  host  of  a  tavern  as. 


Or*  at  the  bast,  soosa  lottad-groim  IhSiig,-^ 

aiugr  [g«MtN 

Faced  with  a  teird,  that  filb  out  to  the 
Aad  takes  in  from  die  fragmaau  of  thaiff 
Jests. 

In  "The  Masque  of  the  Metamor- 
phosed Gipsies,"  Jonson  introduces 
the  following  whimsical  and  clever, 
though  not  very  delicate,  origin  for  the 
form  and  fashion  of  these  convivial  and 
useful  vessels.  The  Jackman  of  the 
Gipsies  leads  in  **  a  horse  laden  with 
five  little  children,  bound  in  a  trace  of 
scarfs,'*  and  exclaims : 

'*  Room  for  the  five  Priaces  of  Agypt» 
mounted  all  upoo  one  horse,  like  the  four 
sons  of  AymoD,*  to  make  the  miracle  the 
more  by  a  head  if  it  may  be  !  Gaze  oooa 
them  as  on  the  ofhpnog  of  Ptolemy,  be- 
gotten upon  several  Cleopatras,  in  their  se- 
veral counties ;  especially  on  tbb  brave  spark 
struck  out  of  Flintshire,  upon  Justice  Jum*$ 
daughter,  then  Sheriff  of  the  County)  who 
running  away  with  the  kinsman  of  our  Cap- 
tain's, and  her  father  pursuiasr  her  into  toe 
Marchesyt  he  great  with  justice,  she  great 
with  jngling,  they  were  hwt%t  for  the  tisse, 
turo'd  <tofie,  upon  the  sight  each  of  other  in 
Chester ;  till  at  last  (see  the  wonder !)  a 
jug  of  the  town  ale  reccmeilio^  them,  tfaa 
memorial  ai  both  their  gramtim,  his  hi 
beard,  and  hers  in  belkf%  hath  ressaiaed  over 
since  preserved  in  pictare  vpoB  the  asoet 
stone  jugi  of  the  kingdom." 

Cartwright  also  has  thn  allusion : 

**  The  greater  sort,  they  say, 
Are  like  stone  pott,  with  bwds  that  do  raseh 

down 
Even  to  their  knees."  Lo/fy  Ertani, 

And  again,  more  pleasantly,  in  the 

Ordinary : 

••  Thoo'rt  like  the  krgarjt^,  that  sonw  man 

call 
A  Bellarmnie,  bot  wa  a  ooascieQea^ 
Wbereoa  the  lewder  hand  of  pagsa  work* 


■  coasmonly 

The  log,  a  little  of  this  sale  the  sign-post, 

*  See  Military  men,  tamp.  Henry  Vlfl., 
in  Strutt's  Manners  aad  CoNotos,  vol.  Hi. 
plates. 


Over  the  proud  ambitious  head,  hath  carved 
An  idol  huge,  with  ^eard  episcopal. 
Making  the  vessel  kiok  like  tyrant  Egloa.** 

As  to  the  fish  and  chain,  repittentad 
on  the  wall  of  Peter  Church  in  Herft* 
fordshire,  (and  daacusaed  to  p.  3I'7>) 
your  correspondent  N.  S>.  bis^vident^ 
Decii  misleo  into  an  entirely  erroneooa 
scent.    The  title  of  "  La  Vierge  an 

•  Who  sM  rods  to  Charlemagne  on  on* 
ahargev,  as  detaUad  la  a  foBsanee^  prkMi 
by  Wyvkyn  de  Woida. 

t  The  Mafohsa  of  Waleai  iHM  gm 

title  to  the  Mortimen. 


416 

Poisson/'  regarding  which  he  has  ques- 
tioned Roman  Catholics  in  vain,  is  not 
descripiive  of  any  form  under  which 
the  Holy  Virgin  is  worshipped  by  that 
idolatrous  church,  nor  even  alUisive  to 
any  legendary  tale  regarding  her;  but 
is  nothinz  more  than  the  name  given 
to  the  picture  from  which  his  print  is 
engraved.  It  is  to  be  classed  with  scores 
of  similar  names  which  will  occur  to 
those  conversant  with  foreign  prints  ; 
such  as  the  Madonna  della  Sedia,  in 
which  she  is  represented  in  a  remark- 
able chair,  &c.  &c. 

I  take  liie  simple  solution  of  the  re- 
bus* 10  be  this — the  Church  was  de- 
dicated to  St.  Peter  ad  viticula,  the  fish 
is  emblematical  of  St.  Peter's  calling, 
and  the  chain  uf  his  bonds. 

YourSj  &c.  ZxETTTtXO;. 


On  the  Nomenclature  of  Natural  His- 
tory ^  and  particularly  on  the  Ano- 
malous  Nomenclatures  of  Ornitho- 
logy, By  James  Jennings,  Au- 
thor of**  Ornithologia,**  ^c,  ^c. 

London,  May  16. 

THERE  can  be,  it  is  presumed,  no 
doubt  that  that  scientiHc  nomen- 
clature must  be  the  best,  and  most 
worthy  of  acceptance,  which  is  en- 
cumbered with  the  fewest  terms ;  and 
which,  descending  from  the  most  ge- 
neral and  prominent  outlines  to  the 
more  minute,  as  apparent  in  Nature, 
Expresses  the  classic,  ordinal,  generic, 
and  specific,  or  any  other  arrangement 
which  might  be  preferred,  with  the 
strictest  accuracy  and  precision.  If, 
besides  these  qualities,  care  be  taken  to 
render  such  nomenclature  euphonious, 
and  easily  translatable  into  any  lan- 
guage, we  have  the  surest  guarantee 
that  it  will  be  the  most  readily  remem- 
bered, most  willingly  applied,  by  the 
unprejudiced  at  least,  and,  most  pro- 
bably, ultimately  adopted.  Ii  may  be 
added,  that  terms  wnich  do  not  pos- 
sess these  conditions,  ought  never  to 
be  introduced  in  scientific  Natural  His- 
tory. 

Whether  such  nomenclature  ought 
always  to  be  derived  from  the  Greek 

*  We  are  reminded  by  another  corre- 
spondent, W.  C.  D.,  of  '*  a  circumstance 
noticed  by  I^ak  Walton  as  one  of  general 
notoriety,  that  a  fish  was  used  as  emblematic 
of  our  Saviour ;  the  interpretntion  of  the 
sign  [IX©irL]  bciug^Wovf  X^itfrox  0ioy 


On  tlie  Nomenclature  of  Ornithology. 


[May, 


and  Latin,  and  to  follow  the  formi  of 
those  languages  in  its  terminations,  to 
the  exclui'ion  of  any  modern  tongue,  is 
a  question  which,  how  much  soever  it 
might  be  desirable  to  moot,  does  not 
appear  necessary  here  to  be  discussed : 
for  those  who  command  and  direct  the 
public  opinion  on  such  questions,  have 
decreed  that  the  Greek  and  Latin  shall 
be  the  basis  of  such  nomenclature ;  and 
therefore,  till  some  master  mind  shall, 
"  like  a  whirlwind  scatter  in  its  breeze 
the  whole  dark  piles"  of  our  uoinen- 
clature,  we  must  be  content  to  treat  it 
as  we  Bnd  it  to  exist. 

But  although  we  submit  to  the  dicta 
of  those  more  especially  entitled  to  our 
regard,  we  are  nevertheless  compelled 
to  expect  and  demand  from  the  inven- 
tors of  systems  and  of  termt^  consU- 
tency  and  correctness  in  tkeir  appltca- 
caiion  of  them.     We  are  bound  to 
notice,  and  if  possible  to  prevent  their 
running  off  into  eccentricities  and  tan- 
gents which  lead  to  no  good  result, 
but  which,  too  often,  add  to  the  con- 
fusion so  notably,  apparent  in  maoy  of 
our  nomenclatures.     We  are  bonnd, 
I  say,  to  do  this,   if  we  be  ftiocerely 
desirous  of  promoting  the  study  and  of 
diffusing  the   knowledge  of  Natural  - 
History ;  and  to  make  it  what  it  ought 
to  be,  amusing  and  instructive  to  ordi- 
nary capacities,  and  to  unlearaed  minds. 
To  this  end  it  can  scarcely  too.oftea 
or  too  strongly  be  stated  that  language  is 
not  thought,  but  the  metUum  onUf  in 
which  thought  is  conveyed*   To  be  able     ^ 
to  repeat  the  terms  applied  to  things 
and   actions,  in  all   the  Tariout  lan- 
guages of  the  world,  niay  be  indeed  ad- 
mitted a  mighty,  a  wonderful  eflbrt  of 
the  memory,  ifever  such  an  individual 
mind  can  possibly  exist ;  to  be  able  to 
read,  with  facility,  seven  or  mght  Eu- 
ropean languages,  and  persons  wbocaa 
do  this  we  know  are  now  in  existence, 
is  by  some  considered  of  the  utmost 
importance,  and  designating  very  sirpe* 
rior  mental  power;  but  it  too  ouen 
happens  that  he  who  devotes  his  mind 
to  the  mere  acquisition  of  languages,  is 
deficient  in  the  knowledge  of  Hdngs 
and  o^ facts. 

To  the  classical  scholar  it  is  gratify- 
ing to  be  able  to  construe  a  passi^  in 
Homer  or  in  Horace ;  to  be  able  to  tell 
us  that  nrwxoxo;  is  Greek  for  an  over- 
seer or  Bishop,  into  which  our  Aoglo- 
SaxoQ  ancestors  corrupted  the  word 
from  the  Greek,  rescinding  |Lhe  first 
and  last  syllable,  and  converting,  thfts* 


1830.] 


On  ilu  NomnuMun  of  Ornithology. 


4ir 


into  fii  to  ht  abk  to  tell  ui  that  0»( 
it  Greek  for  Deity,  cooterted  by  the 
Romans  into  Deust  and  by  the  French 
into  Diem  i  to  be  able  to  inforni  us  that 
ihe  word  metaphytia  is  compoaed  of 
fUT%  ^er,  and  ^vm  nature,  or  rather 
f  vrMA  natural  things,  liecause  Aristotle 
mroit  first  concerning  natural  things, 
and,  ior  warn  of  oihcr  terms,  entiiled 
that  which  he  wrote  apcr  natural 
things,  concerning  the  mind,  3tc.  fma 
^iwixa:  these,  and  innumerable  others 
of  the  same  kind,  are  to  the  classical 
scholar,  and  to  the  verbal  inquirer, 
extremely  amusing;  but  to  him  who  is 
in  pursuit  of  a  knowledge  of  things 
and  of  facu,  they  are  comparatively  uii- 
important,  and  will  be  used  by  him,  if 
used  at  all,  in  subservience  only  to  bis 
grand  pursuit. 

Notwithsundin^  we  ought  to  expect 
better  things  in  science  than  the  pre- 
valence ofjai/fioii— mere  novelttf,  it  is 
to  be  feared  that /bti^ton  has,  even  in 
Natural  History,  had  an  imporunt  in- 
fluence on  the  use  and  adoption  of  its 
terms.  No  sooner  has  an  error  or 
errors  been  discovered  in  some  tytte- 
matic  arrangement  (and  where  is  the 
arrangement  without  an  error,  or  at 
least  without  an  anomaly),  than  some 
ingenious  innovator  with  learning  and 
tact,  but  more  desirous,  probably,  of 
fame  than  of  promoting  the  progress  of 
science— of  exhibiting  his  own  learn- 
ing than  of  conveying  what  he  knotvs 
to  uninformed  minds----uromulgates  an- 
other system  with  another  set  of  terans, 
and  thus  add;i  immeasurably  to  the  dif- 
ficulties and  perplexities  which  already 
surround  us.  For  if  we  desire  to  keep 
pace  with  the  knowledge  which  is 
abroad,  the  knowledge  of  a  new  set  of 
terms  must  l>e,  of  course,  acquired,  and 
many  a  learner  is  not  unfrcqucntly  thus 
driven  from  the  pursuit  in  disgust. 

It  is  not  meant  that  no  innovaiion\% 
to  be  tolerated,  that/aiAtoii  is  never  in 
the  right ;  both  may  be  so :  but  what 
we  more  particularly  desire  to  guard 
against  here  is^  that  we  must  take  care, 
whenever  change  is  introduced,  that 
such  change  sliall  be  an  improvement, 
and  not  merely  an  incumbrance  to  an 
already  overloaded  and  anomalous  no* 
menclature. 

That  all  innotfoiiom  in  science  hat 
not  been  bad,  we  might  appeal  trt- 
om|ihantly  to  the  present  nomencla- 
ture of  Chemitlrif,  a  science  moal  inti- 

GiMT.  Mao.  Mew,  Itao. 

5 


mately  connected  with  many  branches 
of  Natural  History,  and  from  which 
our  natural  historians  would  do  well 
occasionally  to  take  lessons;  whether 
medicine  has  been  as  well  served  at 
chembtry  in  its  nomenclature,  does 
not  yet  appear,  whatever  be  the  merits 
of  tne  Biunonian,  Darwinian,  or  any 
other  systematic  arrangement,  to  bede* 
termined.  Brown  preceded  Darwin  in 
the  promulgation  of  a  similar  system  i 
yet  such  was  Darwin's  affection  k»r  new 
terms,  he  chose  different  ones  from 
those  of  Brown  to  express  the  same 
conditions.  Without  entering  into  the 
truth  or  falsehood  of  the  sjrstem,  was 
this  proceedinffof  Darwin  either  proper 
or  wise?  Who  is  there,  conversant 
with  the  medical  writings  of  about 
thirty-five  years  ago,  that  does  not  re« 
member  ihe/askionable  phrase  repeated 
ad  nauseam  of  sensorial  power  t 

Who  is  there  acquainted  with  Bo- 
tany or  Zoology  that  has  not  conti- 
nually much  reason  to  complain  of  the 
introduction  of  new  terms,  for  which 
no  subsuntial  argument  can  be  ad- 
duced. We  do  not  mean  new  terms 
for  newly  discovered  planu  or  newly 
discovered  animals,  but  new  and  unne- 
cessary terms  for  long  known  plants 
and  long  known  animals. 

It  is  time  however  that  such  iniM>* 
ration  should  be  checked ;  it  is  time 
that,  by  those  who  have  the  diffusion 
of  science  and  its  utilities  deeply  at 
heart,  such  useless  innovation,  such 
fashionable  follies,  should  be  casti- 
gated. It  is  time  that,  setting  aside 
the  silly  and  personal  vanity  of  nviog 
a  name  to  a  pbnt  or  an  animal,  we 
should  in  earnest  adopt  only  such 
terms  as  shall  convey,  in  the  simplest 
and  best  manner,  the  essential  charac« 
teristics  which  belong  to  all  the  grada- 
tions both  of  plants  and  animals,  so 
tliat,  the  terms  being  mentioned,  the 
character  should  stand  confessed. 

What  for  example  can  be  in  omi- 
tholo^  more  improper  than  such  terms 
as  PsUtacms  Cookii,  Psiliacus  BanMsii, 
or  Falco  IFashingtomana  f  For,  how- 
muchsoever  we  may  respect  Captain 
Cook,  Sir  Joseph  Amks,  or  General 
Washington,  it  is  quite  evident  that 
these  specific  terms  convey  nothing  to 
us  concerning  the  natural  history  of 
tliose  birds;  whether  they  be  distin- 
guished by  white  or  bbck,  or  by  any 
other  colour,  or  liy  form,  or  habit,  flee. 
Personal  specific   terms  ought  there- 


41IB 


Oh' the  Nomenclature  of  Ornithology, 


T.May, 


fore  never,  in  Natural  History,  to  be 
adopted.  The  specific  terms  of  place^ 
although  less  objectionable  than  those 
of  person,  ought  also  to  be  very  s|>aring- 
ly,  if  at  all  introduced,  because  it  must 
Ise  a  strange  species  indeed  which  has 
not  some  peculiarity  to  distinguish  it 
from  others  of  the  same  genus ;  indeed, 
if  not  distinguishable  by  some  pecu* 
liariiy,  it  must  of  course  merge  in  some 
other  species.  Hence  such  terms  as 
Pelecanus  Bassanus,  Or'iolus  Baltu 
more,  Sylvia  Africana,  Parra  Chilentit, 
Myclena  Americana,  Aptenodytes  Ma^ 
gellanica,  Ajtienodyles  Palachonica, 
Caprimuigus  Europceut,  &c.  &c.  ought, 
by  scientific  severity,  to  be  wholly 
banished  from  our  nomenclature.  But 
as  it  is  not  very  probable  that  those  al- 
ready adopted  will  be  soon  if  ever  ex- 
punged. It  is  to  be  hoped  that  our 
scieniiBc  naturalists,  those  from  whom 
a  correct  nomenclature  ought  to  ema- 
nate, will  avoid,  for  the  future,  and 
always  discountenance,  such  unscien- 
tific and  inappropriate  appellations. 

Linnaeus,  aware  we  presume  of  the 
difficulties  attendant  on  the  introduc- 
tion of  a  new  nomenclature,  preferred, 
in  numerous,  may  we  not  add  most 
instances,  the  use  of  terms  already 
known  to  the  learne<l,  to  the  adoption 
of  new  ones ;  such  are  Fuliur,  Faico, 
StriXf  Psittacus,  Anas,  Phaenicopterut, 
Fringillaf  Turdus,  &c.  &c.  But  these 
terms  he  applied  to  genera,  not  to 
species,  and  hence  it  became  necessary 
to  introduce  another  word  to  designate 
the  species  of  each  genus.  In  very 
many  instances  his  specific  terms  are 
appropriate,  although  not  perhaps  al- 
ways those  which  more  modern  science 
would  apply :  such  are  Picus  viridis, 
Picus  auralus,  Alcedoformosa,  Alcedo 
chlorocephaia,  Loxia  Moris,  Loxia 
curvirostra,  Larus  canus,  Larttsfuscus, 
Tringa  pugnax,  &c.  &c.  In  others  he 
is  however  very  far  from  the  object 
which  he  ought  to  have  had  in  view. 
Thus  in  Slumus  cinclus  (the  last  word 
being  from  x»x^»i  the  Greek  term  for 
Thrush),  the  peculiar  habit  of  this 
bird,  namely,  that  of  pursuing  some- 
times its  pre^  under  water,  demanded 
a  more  distinguishing  specific  term 
than  cinclus,  as  no  thrush,  as  far  as  is 
known,  pursues  its  prey  under  water, 
and  therefore  aquaticus  would  be  a 
much  better  term. 

Again,  what  can  be  more  inappro- 
priate than  Falco  tinnunculusf  It  is 
true  that,  probably  in  compliance  with 


the  classical  authority  of  Plinv\  ih< 
term  tinnunculus,  and  some  others  in 
the  Linnsean  nomenclature,  wer^ 
adopted ;  but  respect  for  any  authority, 
however  great,  must  not  be  our  gaide 
in  a  systematic  arrangement ;  had  such 
respect  prevailed,  when  a  reform  in  our 
Chemical  nomenclature  was  made, 
Glauber* s  salts  would  never  have  givea 
place  to  the  more  correct,  scientific, 
and  expressive  terms  of  Sulphate  t^ 
Soda,  The  term  linnunculus  was  ap- 
plied, it  has  been  conjectured,  by  the 
ancients  to  the  Hover-Hawk  or  Kestril, 
because  it  was  the  then  practice  to  at- 
tach a  little  bell  to  the  bird  when  it 
was  used  in  falconry,  and  hence  ht 
specific  name ;  but  surely  this  bird  has 
in  its  colours,  form,  or  natural  habits, 
some  characteristics  by  which  it  might 
without  difficulty  be  oistinguished.  It 
is  called  frequently  in  this  country 
Hover-Hawk,  from  its  veiy  common 
habit  of  hovering  in  the  air  over  its 
prey ;  it  also  preys  here,  and  it  is  pre- 
sumed elsewhere,  chiefly  on  mice :  a 
specific  term,  describing  one  or  other 
of  these  habits,  is  certainly  f^reatly  pre- 
ferable to  the  artificial  one /Mmnicif /k#, 
which  requires  the  aid  of  history  to  be 
understood ;  whereas  scientific  terms 
ought  to  be  explanatory  of  themselTCs: 
such  a  term  therefore  shooM  never 
have  been  applied,  in  a  scienttfie  ar- 
rangement, to  the  Hovef'HMwk. 

But  why,  it  may,  perhaps,  be  said 
by  the  learner,  introduce  such  cAuitea/ 
terms  at  all  ?  It  has  been  stated,  at 
the  commencement  of  this  paper,  that 
those  who  command  and  direct  the 

Kublic  mind  on  such  quations,  wilt 
ave  them  ;  nevertheless,  it  is  for  the 
honour  and  credit  of  science  to  be  pre- 
sumed, that  a  better  reason  than  the 
sic  volo  of  any  one,  however  eminent, 
can  be  given :  for,  inasmuch  as  no  one 
of  the  modern  European  lan^poages  has 
ever  been  used  in  systematic  natural 
history,  in  such  a  way  as  to  become  the 
foundation  of  a  general  nomenclature 
in  ever^r  language,  and  as  the  Greek 
and  Latin  (the  Latin  in  particukr)  are 
in  this  respect  a  kind  of  universal  fam- 
guage,  it  IS  therefore  desirable  to  en- 
courage the  use  of  such  terms  which, 
being  adopted  universally  by  the  learn- 
ed and  scientific,  shall  ultimately  be- 
come common  in  every  conntiy:  so 
that,  if  care  be  taken  in  the  structure 
of  a  nomenclature,  and  the  terms  be 
agreed  upon  (as  those  of  modem  che- 
mistry have  long  since  been),  there  is 


1830.] 


On  the  Now^Hclaktrt  of  Omiihology. 


410 


a  prolMbiliiy»  however  remote,  that  a 
universal  language  of  Natural  HUlory 
iDMrht  be  uliiniaiely  iniroduced. 

We  migbt  now  here  enter  oiore  nii- 
notely  into  the  errors  and  niiitakea  of 
many  of  our  scientific  natural  Histo- 
rians, but  as  the  Linnman  tyiUm  is 
one  of  the  chief  to  which  reference  is, 
of  course,  still  made,  a  fow  observa- 
tions on  some  of  the  ornithological 
errors  of  Linnaeus  will  be  sufticient  for 
our  purpose,  and  enable  the  student 
-  most  readily  to  discover  the  failures 
and  mistakes  in  the  nomenclature,  by 
other  naturalists. 

Lioncus,  we  find,  arranged  fiiRDa 
under  nx  divisions,  or  orders.  The  first 
order  he  named  AccipUra  or  Hawkh. 
Of  cotirac  the  uninitiated  would  con* 
elude  from  this  title,  that  the  birds  of 
this  tribe  have  the  forms,  or  at  least 
manners,  of  the  hawk  #  but  a  little  in- 

Jjttiry  will  show  that  this  is  not  the 
act :  for,  although  a  lari^e  number  of 

the  bifda  arranged  under  the  genus 
Fmico,  mifjht  suit  tolerably  well  the 
ofAtt  QcdpUret,  the  Vulturine  and  Owl 
tribes  require  some  other  characteristic, 
in  common  with  the  Hawks,  to  entitle 
them  to  be  placed  under  the  same  ge- 
neral liead.  Hence  the  term  Raf- 
TORB8,  Snatching  Birds,  or  Birds  ^f 
Prey,  has  been,  with  much  more  ap- 
propriateness, applied  to  this  order  or 
bmily  by  Mr.  Vigors. 

The  second  order.  Piece  or  the  Pus, 
and  the  sixth  order,  named  Passeres  or 
the  Sparrows,  com  ey  neither  of  them, 
by  their  names,  anv  just  idea  of  their 
general  forms  or  haoits,  and  are  there- 
iore  not  suited  for  ordinal  terms.  To 
obviate  these  errors,  Mr.  V loo at  |>laces 
the  two  orders  together,  and  calls  them 
by  the  comprehensive  term  of  iNsas- 
SORBS  or  Perchers,  perching  being  a 
babit  to  which,  with  very  few  excep- 
tions, they  all  conform.  It  is  true 
many  other  birds,  besides  these,  percA, 
but  then  those  birds  have  some  other 
more  striking  characteristic  by  which 
ihey  may  be  distinguished;  such  for 
instance  arc  the  Raptores. 

The  third  order  of  Linncus  is  deno- 
minated Anseres  or  Gkbsb  ;  but  here, 
also,  a  geoertc  term  b  used  instead  of 
an  ordinal  one,  and  which  by  no  means 
cooreyt  any  general  habit  of  this  tribe 
of  biitls ;  hence  the  term  Natatorbs 
or  Ssrimmers  has  been  given  to  it  bv 
Mr.  Vigors,  the  superiority  of  which 
to  Anseres  cannot  lor  a  moment  be 
disputed. 


To  iht  fourth  order,  Gralla  or  Wa- 
DBRS,  the  same  objections  do  not  apply, 
as  the  habit  of  wading  is  the  distin- 

Suishing  characteristic  of  this  tribe. 
fr.  Vigors  has  merely  altered  the 
term  to  Grallatorbs,  as  more  de- 
cidedly and  correctly  expreuing  the 
term  waders. 

To  the  J^A  order,  GalHna  or  GalU- 
maceous  birds,  that  is,  bnds  of  the 
common  cock  and  hen  tribe,  the  same 
objection  as  lo  the^ri/,  second,  third, 
and  sixth  orders  may  be  made,  namely, 
that  the  term  Galtinof  does  not  express 
any  habit  by  which  the  whole  tribe 
may  be,  at  once,  distinguished  and 
known.  Mr.  Vigors  has  therefore 
given  the  term  Rasorbs  or  Scraichers 
(that  is,  birds  that  obtain  their  food  by 
scratching  the  ground)  to  this  tribe, 
the  striking  propriety  of  which  caimot, 
it  is  presumed,  lie  disputed. 

We  have  thus  shown  a  few  of  the 
leading  imperfections  of  the  Linmean 
system  of  Ornithology ;  and  we  have 
also  shown  with  how  much  more  cor- 
rectness and  precision  the  terms  which 
Mr.  Vigors  has  proposed  will  apply 
to  the  large  Quinary  PamHies  of  Birds. 
Upon  examining  this  genilcinan's  qui- 
nary sub' divisions,  we  find  the  same 
tact  and  science  exemplified  :  thus,  in 
the  Insessores,  perhafM  the  most  nu- 
merous family  of  the  feathered  race, 
certainly  the  most  interesting  in  conse- 
quence of  their  roii^i,   we   find   the 
Deniirostres,  or  Birds  with  toothed Hils  $ 
the  Conirostres,  or  Birds  with   Conic 
Bills  i  (he  Fissirostres,  or  Birds  with 
cleft  or  notched  bills ;  the  Teniurostres, 
or  Birds  with  slender  bills ;  and   the 
Scansores,  or  climbing  birds.   If  there- 
fore the  quinary  arrangement  sliould 
not,  at  least  to  a  ceruin  extent,  pre- 
vail, it  will  be  no  fault  of  the  learned 
and  ingenious  propounder  of  it :  for  his 
system,  although  not  perfect,  is  un- 
questionably the  best  which  has  jrei 
been  offered  to  the  scientific  world. 
Not  one  of  the  least  of  its  recommen- 
dations, in  addition  to  its  comprehen* 
sive  perspicuity,  is,  that  its  terms  can 
be  readily  converted  into  the  English 
or  any  other  European  lan^^ge,  oy  a 
slight  chani^  only  in  thar  termina* 
tions;  thus  doing  for  the  science  of 
Ornithology  what  has  been  done  for 
that  of  Chemistry  \  and  sending,  it  is 
devoutly  to  be  hoped,  innumerable  and 
anooulous  terms  to  their  everlasting 
repose    a  eonsamoiatioo  most  sincere- 
ly to  be  desired. 


490 


Tl{(i  Gowrie  Treason. 


[May. 


Mr.  Urban,     Kenton- st.  May  15. 

THE  mysterious  transaction  called 
••  the  Gowrie  treason,"  being 
noticed  at  some  length  in  Sir  Walter 
ScoU*s  History  of  Scotland,  I  am  in- 
duced to  trouble  you  with  a  few  re- 
marks on  this  dark  and  bloody  event. 
It  seems  very  unreasonable  now  to  re- 
ceive the  evidence  on  which  the  un- 
fortunate Ruthvens  and  Logan  were 
condemned,  when  those  who  lived  at 
the  time  rejected  it,  and  maintained 
their  opinion,  notwithstanding  the  ut- 
most endeavours  of  King  James  and  his 
courtiers  to  induce  them  *'  to  declair 
their  satisfaction  of  the  truth  "  of  the 
conspiracy.  The^  were  no  doubt  very 
disloyal  and  seditious  to  assert  their  dis- 
belief in  his  Majesty's  teeth,  and  ought 
to  have  considered  with  Scott,*  that "  re- 
manda  non  sunt  arcana  imperii;"  yet 
it  appears  a  just  reflection  of  the  Auihor 
of  the  **  Secret  History  of  King  James," 
who  says  that,  as  water  runs  always 
porest  the  nearer  it  is  to  the  fountain. 
It  is  to  be  inferred  that  those  who  live 
nearest  the  periods  of  transactions  must 
have  the  clearest  knowledge  of  their 
truth.  "The  Scots,"  he  adds,  "gave 
so  little  credit  to  this  pretended  con- 
spiracy, that  they  would  speak  both 
slightly  and  despightfully  of  it,  and 
those  some  of  the  wisest  of  that  nation 
too.**  And  so  far  from  the  extraordi- 
nary honour  and  rewards  which  were 
bestowed  on  the  actors  of  this  tragedy, 
having  any  tendency  to  procure  a  be- 
lief in  the  existence  of  a  conspiracy, 
''  it  made  the  English  as  little  believe 
it  as  the  Scots  themselves  did.*' 

In  the  room  to  which  his  Ma- 
jesty was  decoyed,  there  stood  a  per- 
son in  armour,  and  the  King  named 
three  different  individuals,  each  of 
whom  he  successively  alleged  was  the 
very  man.  Two  of  the  accused  im- 
mediately proved  their  innocence,  when 
he  swore  that  the  other,  a  servant  of 
Lord  Gowrie,  was  the  traitor.  The 
poor  man  shewed  that  he  was  in  Dun- 
dee when  his  master  was  killed,  and 
proceeded  to  disprove  the  accusation ; 
but  when  on  his  way,  he  had  his  throat 
cut,  and  his  body  thrown  into  a  corn- 
field !  Andrew  Henderson,  fortunately 
for  his  Majesty,  avowed  himself  the 
person,  but  wisely  steered  clear  of  the 
charge  of  "art  and  part'*  in  the  con- 
spiracy, by  declaring  his  total  igno- 


rance of  the  purpose  for  which  he  was 
there  placed. 

In  this  pretended  conspiracy  Logan 
of  I^sterrick,  a  barony  near  Edin- 
borffh,  was  nine  years  afker  hit  death 
implicated  by  the  production  of  a  series 
of  letters,  said  to  have  been  written 
by  him  in  maturing  the  plot.  These 
papers  h<ive  no  allusion  to  the  conspi* 
racy  at  Perth,  but  allude  to  an  attempt 
to  secure  the  King's  person  at  Fast- 
castle,  a  seat  of  Lasterrick,  in  the  Goan<' 
ly  of  Berwick !  Nor  were  these  do* 
cunients  originals,  but  appeared  during 
the  proceedings  in  different  nombert 
and  forms,  some  being  withdrawn, 
others  produced,  and  subtequeutly  en- 
larged and  altered  !  In  the  agonies  of 
torture,  Sprot,  the  villainous  accuser, 
confessed  this  forgery;  but  the  Earl 
of  Dunbar,  who  by  the  forfeitnre  got 
n)ost  of  Losan's  estates,  assured  tlie 
wretch  that  his  wife  and  family  should 
be  provided  for ;  when,  "  beinj^  re- 
solved to  die,  and  not  having  a  wish  to 
live,"  he  adhered  to  his  first  confession, 
and  to  prevent  his  recaotatioo,  he  was 
next  day  handed,  although  it  b  said 
he  had  a  promise  of  pardoo. 

The  Earl  had  a  more  difficult  task 
with  the  Lords  of  the  articles;  bat 
'*  he  travelled  so  eamtithf  io  overeume 
their  hard  opiniont  of  ike  pr^eeu^**  that 
they  at  last  happily  acknowledged 
themselves  contincea,  and  the  crael 
sentence,  by  which  the  ghastly  head  of 
the  old  baron  was  displmd  on  the  city 
gate,  his  estates  forfeited,  and  the  very 
name  proscribed,  was  finally  passed. 

It  is  difficult  to  imagine  wny  soch  a 
writer  as  Malcolm  Laing  slioald,on  no 
other  evidence  than  *'  the  notorious 
forgeries,  the  mock  letters  of  Lo|pn," 
as  Pinkerton  calls  them,  reverse  his  first 
opinion,  and  pronoonoe  Lo^n  gnilty. 
It  is  as  astonishing  that  in  Perth, 
where  the  traditional  opinion  has 
always  absolved  the  gallant  Rothrens 
from  the  charge  of  attempted  treason 
and  regicide,  a  belief  in  their  gnilt 
should  begin  to  be  entertained.  For  my» 
self,  having  deeply  studied,  along  with 
the  general  history  of  the  two  fiimilies, 
this  most  mysterious  transMtion,  I 
must  oome  to  the  opposite  eonclosion, 
and  pronounce  my  opinion,  that  these 
unfortnnaie  persons  were  guiltless  of 
the  crimes  imputed  to  them. 

Yours,  &c.       Jamks  Looav. 


•  <i 


StaggeriDg  State  of  Scots  Statesmen.* ' 


IS30.] 


[     4«     1 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


TmeU  in  the  Bioreu.  fTUh  a  Map  aad 
PImHM.  By  WillUm  Martin  Lnk«,  F.R.S. 
i^,    a  vcls.  %vo, 

THIS  if  ihe  Atigutun  age  of  Tra- 
vellcre.  Talent,  learnini;,  aod 
dilisence,  are  so  conspicuout  lo  the 
works  of  Stoart,  Clarke,  Oodwell, 
Gcll,  the  author  before  us,  and  various 
accomplished  architects,  that  the  his- 
tory, manners,  buildings,  scenery,  and 
other  important  characteristics  of  ages 
Ions  gone  by  are  placed  before  our  eyes, 
as  distinctly  and  accurately  as  views  for 
exhibition.  We  have  no  longer  fan- 
ci^il  maps,  miserable  sketches,  unex- 
plained antiquities, and  unnoticed  man- 
ners and  customs.  Books  of  travel, 
from  which  we  ac<|uired  no  illustra- 
tions of  history,  science,  philoaophy, 
and  am,  are  placed  on  tne  shelf  as 
mere  conservative  eaulo^ues  of  objecu 
which  may  no  longer  exist.  But  now 
the  most  tnteret tin^  regions  of  Europe 
and  Asia,  the  regions  to  which  we 
owe  every  thing  that  ennobles  our  in- 
tellectual nature,  are  as  familiar  to  us 
as  a  native  province ;  and  we  see  that 
the  splendid  works  which  convey  this 
information  are  also  hotphouses^  in 
which  we  rear  seeds  of  taste  and  im- 
provement, and  disperse  the  planu  as 
exotics,  which  will  bear  the  climate, 
over  the  whole  kinodom. 

Thb  work  of  Colonel  Leake  is  one 
of  the  sundard  and  valuable  class.  The 
author  professedly  underukes  to  follow 
Pkosanias  pedeieniim,  and  to  acquaint 
us  liow  far  he  was  correct,  and  how 
much  now  remains  of  the  objects  de- 
scribed by  him.  Of  course  the  work 
is  an  analytical  comment  upon  the 
Ronun  geographer,  and  how  well  it  is 
executed  is  untversallv  allowed.  Every 
thing  is  done  seamaum  ariem,  in  ex- 
celleQi  taste.  We  shall  first  extract 
some  passages,  which  throw  lif^ht  up- 
on part  of  oor  nattonal  antiquities,  or 
mooem  cQStoms. 

It  is  most  certain  that  devices  on 
shields  might  have  had  a  genealogical 
meaning,  and  that  modem  heraldry  is 
only  a  revival  with  some  variations. 

**  Upon  the  tomb  of  Epaniooodas  stood 
a  eoluam  bearing  a  skidd^  vvm  which  c  ter- 
peni  tees  npretenled  in  rtii^,  the  serpeni  tig- 
nifying  that  Epaminmuku  kos  of  the  rtut  tff 


theSparH. — ^Tbe  alloiion  was  to  tba  seed 
•own  by  Cadmiit."— L  118. 

We  know  that  this  basis  of  heraldry 
has  been  disputed,  but  modification 
cannot  supersede  suggestion,  until 
mending  a  road  is  prior  to  nuking  it. 

American  Anglicism  is  not  a  dis- 
play of  the  national  character  in  the 
best  taste.  The  sum  mum  bonum  is  to 
turn  Dissenter  and  Radical,  and  con- 
tract ^entlemanship  to  dress,  furniture 
and  dmners.  Elevation  of  sentiment^ 
elegant  conversation,  and  refined  man- 
ners, are  sacrificed  to  polemics,  poli- 
tics, and  business.  We  are  not,  there- 
fore, to  be  surprised  that  vulgarity 
breaks  out  in  most  disgusting  forms. 
Even  the  lowest  Englishman  will  not 
strike  a  combaunt  when  down,  nor 
strive  to  scoop  his  eyes  out  when  box- 
ing, a  process  called,  from  a  carpenter's 
tool,  gouging.  It  seems,  however,  to 
have  been  an  ancient  warlike  custom ; 
for  the  old  gymnastics,  when  fighting 
hand  to  hand  was  indispensable,  be- 
cause there  was  no  gunpowder,  ap|Jied 
to  every  possible  means  of  overcoming 
an  enemy.  Accordingly  ancient  war- 
riors, says  Pbusanias,  *<  combated  by 
kicking/bitin^,  and  poking  ihe  ey€$  of 
their  adversaries.*'— i.  l66. 

We  have  read  frequently  of  the  sab- 
terranean  granaries,  and  wicker  ind 
mud  cotuges  of  the  Britons. 

<*  Near  the  church  of  Boxa  Is  a  hmII 
•abtcrnuMsn  chamber,  with  two  ciicular 
opaningt  in  the  roof,  aach  fonnad  of  a  tia- 
gle  stooa,  piarcad  with  a  round  holt.  The 
wmlU  of  tlM  chamber  are  of  somll  •tooae.  1 
•uppoee  it  to  heve  been  a  gruwry." — i.  9«8. 

**  Limioa  it  a  vilbge  of  huts  aaade  of 
mod  and  wicker.*'— i.  t89. 

Our  ancient  bridge  had  chapels  an- 
nexed to  them.  The  intention  among 
ourselves  was  Quite  different  from  that 
assigned  by  Col.  Leake : 

**  There  is  a  snaall  ehml  aS  tha  Psoaghia 
attached  to  ooe  side  of  taa  bridge,  iotandad 
for  a  sacred  proceetaoB  to  itagainal  tha  via- 
try  floods." — IL  81. 

Alfred'spolice  system  was  borrowed 
from  the  East. 

««  A  Torkisli  Aga  poeeesaes  a  Pjrgo,  and 
thera  is  a  Graak  Captain  of  Armatoli  named 
Makri  Vasifii  who  resides  here  with  twenty- 


4n 


Review. — Leake'3  Travels  in  the  Morea. 


[May, 


five  man  maiotaioed  by  the  district.  ThU 
mode  of  keeping  the  road  safe  from  robbert 
■eems  to  show  that  the  state  of  society  in 
this  country  is  somewhat  similar  to  what  it 
was  in  EnEland  in  the  reign  of  Alfred,  who 
is  said  (o  have  thrown  upon  the  villages  the 
expense  and  responsibility  of  keeping  the 
coantry  clear  of  robbers." — i.  106. 

Again, 

"The  thieves  would  never  have  been 
canght  if  the  Pasha  had  not  adopted  the 
mode  of  making  the  villages  adjacent  to 
their  haunts  responsible  for  their  spolia- 
tions.*'—ii.  505. 

Every  body  knows  that  Hermes  or 
Mercury,  or  Thoth,  was  the  favourite 
god  of  the  Britons  ;  and  that  Mr. 
fiowlet  thinks  a  central  column  at 
Aburv  to  have  represented  that  deity. 
The  ioUowing  passage  is  favourable  to 
chat  gentleman's  hypothesis : 

**  At  Phane  there  remained  in  the  time  of 
Paasanias  a  spacious  Agora  of  the  ancient 
fitthion,  containing  a  bearded  HenHes  AgO' 
r«iM,  in  marble,  of  no  great  size,  which  uvi 
oroeularf  and  a  fountain  called  Hama,  which, 
as  well  as  tlie  fish  contained  in  it,  were  sa- 
cred to  the  same  deity.  Near  the  sialue 
there  were  thirty  quadrangular  stones,  to  each 
of  which  the  name  of  a  deity  was  attached, 
according  to  the  most  ancient  practice  of 
the  Gredcs."— ii.  158. 

There  is  an  assimilation  to  the  sale 
of  horses  at  Smitbfield  Market,  in  the 
following  passage : 

•<  The  Agora  of  Eliaa  was  called  the  Hip- 
podrome, because  serving  for  the  exercise 
of  horses ;  it  had  several  stoas  intersected 
with  streets." — i.  833. 

Kistvaens  occur. 

**  I  cross  the  river  at  Kamesi,  and  a  little 
beyond  I  observe  on  the  road  some  ancient 
sepulchres  of  the  simplest  kind,  that  is  to 
aay,  four  slabs  of  stone  set  edgewise  in  the 
tartKT'-u.  361. 

The  keystoned  arch  is  far  more  an- 
cient than  has  been  supposed.  There 
appears  to  have  been  m  (he  most  re- 
mote periods  three  different  kinds ;  viz. 
one  of  stones  projecting  over  each 
other,  and  cut  wiihm  into  curves ;  an- 
other by  placing  two  stones  aeainst 
each  other  in  a  sharp  angle,  and  Devil- 
ling them  off  at  the  top,  so  as  to  meet 
together  in  a  broad  surface,  and  sup- 
port each  other,  care  being  taken  to 
keep  them  united  by  the  pressure  of 
an  abutment.  The  third  is  that  which 
occurs  in  the  Treasury  of  Atreua  at 
Mycenae,  and  is  thus  described  by  our 
author : 


**  There  were  about  forty  courses  of  ma- 
sonry in  the  whole  building ;  of  these  the 
lower  are  about  one  foot  ten  inches  in  hei^t, 
and  composed  of  stones  from  four  to  seven 
feet  long ;  above  the  great  window  the  cor- 
ners are  narrower  than  in  the  lower  part  of 
the  building.  This  Is  the  onljr  complete 
specimen  remaining  of  a  mode  m  construc- 
tion peculiar  to  the  early  Greeks,  and  which 
was  not  unoommoo  among  them.  Ite  prin- 
ciple is  that  of  a  wall  resisting  a  soperincmn- 
bent  weight,  and  deriving  strenetn  and  eo- 
herenee  from  the  weight  itself,  whidi  in 
fisct  seems  to  be  no  other  than  the  principle 
of  the  arch.  The  same  motive  whwfa  sog- 
gested  the  circular  form  to  the  Cydopean 
architect,  or  other  inventor  of  thk  kind  of 
subterraneous  building,  induced  hin  also  to 
curve  the  sides  vertically*  as  they  dorivcd 
from  that  form  an  additioul  power  of  nsist- 
ance  to  the  lateral  pressure.  The  upper 
stone  of  the  building  nas  been  removed,  and 
Ties  in  fragments  on  one  side  ef  the  aperture 
made  by  its  removal,  which  admits  a  view 
of  the  chamber,  from  the  nahet  of  the 
ground  above  the  treasury.  This  «pper 
stone,  which  is  hollowed  belov  to  tan  the 
apex  of  the  parabolic  curve  <tf  the  ehambor, 
was  laid  upon  the  upper  oonraey  Uke  thai 
course  upon  the  next.  In  thn  part  of  ihe 
construction,  therefore,  the  Tnarair  aetms 
to  have  been  built  upon  a  priaeiple  wirant 
from  that  of  the  Treasury  of  Miajaa  as  the 
Boeotian  Orchomenus»  of  which  sbeve  are 
remains  sufficient  to  show  that  there  was  a 
peat  resemblance  between  the  two  build- 
ugs,  as  might  be  presumed  from  their  hav- 
Ing  been  nearly  of  the  same  age,  and  intend- 
ed frir  the  same  purpose.  Pansanjae  de« 
scribes  the  Treasniy  of  Minyas  as  a  einmlar 
edifice  of  stone,  liaving  n  lumnlt  not  very 
pointed ;  and  he  adds,  that  the  opper  atone 
of  all  was  said  to  hold  logefehar  the  whole 
structure.  The  first  part  of  bis  descriptioo 
appears  to  me  to  indicate  that  tlie  Oraiio- 
menian  building  waa  not  sulrtsraoeoos  {  the 
second  |>art,  that  it  waa  not  terminated  above 
in  a  keystone;  the  latter  peculiarity  being, 
perhaps,  a  conseooenoe  of  the  former,  and 
the  buildiufK  diiiering  In  both  from  the  sub- 
terranean Treuoiy  atMyoense,  where  the 
heavy  external  pressure  ivas  met  by  a  latenl 
as  well  as  a  boriioetal  areh,  and  where  the 
upper  stone  was  sinplT  superimposed,  and 
kept  in  its  pbee  by  the  earth  which  ky 
upon  it.  It  wooU  seem,  from  the  words  of 
Pausanias,  that  theTkeasurv  at  Orebomanm 

was  a  more  obtuse  cone  than  that  of  My- 

•» 
oenoB. 

To  this  acoooDtwe  beg  to  add,  ffom 
the  splendid  new  ediiioo  of  Stoarl'a 
Athens,  vol.  IT.  that  the  reader  will 
there  see  plates  which  illosirate  this 
curious  remain  opoo  a  Urge  Kale,  and 
in  a  most  satitfaciory  maoper.  What- 
ever may  be  the  question  conceraiog 


163a] 


IUyibw.— Leake's  TVoMit  im  the  Mothl. 


4l» 


the  antiquity  of  ihc  arch»  the  work 
quoted  Mys,  that  the  diacoTery  of  tho 
conttriietion  here  alluded  to  "  haa  prov- 
ed the  rery  remarkable  and  interesting 
fact,  that  in  its  horizontal  position  at 
least  the  arch  was  clearly  understood 
by  the  architect  who  designed  these 
chambers,  and  waa  dependcii  on  as  the 
essential  principle  of  their  construc- 
tion. The  chamber  was  formed  of  so 
many  horisootal  rings,  each  of  which 
han^  over  the  one  beneath  the  re* 
quisiie  protection  to  form  the  curve, 
and  mo&t  prob4bly  the  form  was  pro- 
duced after  the  whole  was  erected,  by 
cutting  away  the  projecting  angles. 
Each  siooe  waa  found  to  be  worked 
fair  and  concentric  to  the  depth  of 
three  inches  from  the  inner  face  of  the 
dome;  the  remaining  fioriion  of  the 
joint  waa  less  accurate,  and  ofteo 
rough,  but  the  drficiency  was  always 
supplied  by  small  wedge-like  stones 
driven  into  the  interstices  with  great 

^  force,  securing  the  concentricity  of 
these  stones  in  their  whole  depth.  By 
a  succession  of  these  cylindrical  rings 
in  gradual  diminution,  the  artist  calcu- 
lated on  their  resistance  to  the  super- 
incumbent weight  of  earth  purposely 
heaped  on  all  sioes,  and  reliea  on  their 

\  well*secured  concentricity  for  the  du- 
rability of  the  inierior  form  of  his  boU 
and  novel  inveniioii.'* — p»  30. 

Thai  this  is  not  the  construction  of 
the  arch  by  radiated  wedges,  is  evi- 
dent;  but  a  very  remarkable  fact  •!• 
f ached  to  it  has  been  unnoticed ;  name- 
ly, that  it  is  precisely  the  construction 
tned  for  church  spires,  of  which  there* 
^rc  it  n  the  first  kno%vn  specimen. 
These  are  formed  of  concentric  hori- 
tonial  rin^s,  diminishing  upwards ; 
and  we  attribute  resistance  to  a  super- 
incumbent weight  of  earth  in  the  Trea- 
sury of  Atreos,  to  a  principle  different 
from  thatquoird.  In  short,  the  ringa 
had  litde  or  no  weight  to  resist,  be- 
eaose  gravity  acts  in  a  perpendicular 
not  oblique  direction,  and  until  the 
earth  was  pbced  above  the  top  flat 
stone,  the  pressure  was  very  trtfling. 
The  object,  therefore,  of  the  large  su- 
perincumbent top-stone  was  to  resist 
the  weight  above,  and  at  the  same 
time  compress  the  conotntric  coarset 
below  more  compactly  together.  It 
was  evidently  not  a  key-atone,  whieh 
jama  closely  the  radiating  wedges.  We 
therefore  do  not  onderatand  the  follow- 
ing passage  in  the  satne  light  at  Colo- 
nel licake.— ii.  379* 


««Tha  etrealar  baiMiaes  ealM  TheA, 
which  wtie  conmoii  is  Graeee  hi  a  klaK 
•gt,appaan  to  hava  bata eonstraetad  aaariy 
oa  tha  ssma  priaeipla  as  the  Traaaary  af 

Mbjss.  Pauiaaias  (Eliac.  priof.  Cb  90)  da- 
tertbes  tha  Pbilippicum  of  Olyapia  m  im- 
mioatiflg  ta  a  braaco  poppy,  wbiah  oaitaA 
tugethtr  <M  the  beami  of  the  ro^  (jnniw 

Pliny  renders  ^o«o(  by  irahs.  (Valpy^t 
Fiindamenul  Greek  Words,  p.  73.) 
And  whether  a  beam  be  of  wood  oc 
stone,  we  undersund  it  to  be  a  conti- 
nuous piece.  If  a  number  of  these  bo 
elevated  in  a  conical  form,  they  are 
pre\ented  from  falling  in  by  their  topa 
being  let  into  a  centrdl  knob  or  boaa. 
1  f  there  be  adopted  a  mode  of  prodoo* 
ing  the  pro|>erty  of  continuity,  or  a  aio- 
gle  piece,  by  stones  jammed  and  wedg- 
ed together,  and  resting  till  keyed  opoo 
a  wooden  centre, — then  would  a  k^^» 
stone  jam  them  to^^ether,  and  the  sama 
result  ensue,  as  with  wooden  bcainai 
and  there  can  be  liule  or  no  doobt.  but 
that  wooden  consuuctiona  gave  birtl| 
(o  most  parts  of  architecture,  aAerwaidt 
executed  in  stooe.  It  does  not,  tliei»« 
fore,  appear  to  us  that  the  Jbiiac  ar 
beama  of  Raiisanias  will  apply  to  a 
vault  compoatd  of  radiated  stones.  At 
the  same  time,  it  is  worthy  of  leflee* 
tion,  whether  the  preveotioB  of  eoo»- 
cal  poles  or  rafters  falling  io  by  uniiii^ 
their  tops  in  a  central  doss,  waa  not 
the  simple  archetype  of  tha  key-aloiia. 

BowWs  Life  of  Bishop  Ken, 

fCoHtmued  Jrom  p,  3i7j 

THIS  is  an  a|^  io  whioh  mlg/m 
thinking  makes  violent  afibrta  to  fovea 
its  opinions  into  measarca  of  state,  by 
aid  of  clamour  and  party.  The  me- 
chanical agent  is  the  venal  public  pieaa. 
M  isuken  and  even  pemicioos  as  imy 
be  the  proposed  measures,  palpably  ao- 
ditious  as  may  be  the  motives,  tha  igu 
Dorance  of  the  people  i«  the  acienca  of 
politics  and  historv  is  to  mat,  or  to 
disregarded,  that  what  b  called  *«  pob- 
lic  opinion*'  is,  in  the  ettinatioa  of 
philosophers,  often  daeinad  a  daiMpcr- 
oos  thing;  the  importonily  of  a  childp 
impatient  under  pain,  or  clamoioos  Ibv 
a  toy.  Whatever  this  poblia  opioiaa 
(in  reality  that  of  particalar  newtpo* 
pers)  nuy  be,  it  it  nevertheless  ceiiaki 
that  Government  is  a  profcssioo,  a  bo- 
aifiess,  which  OM;ht  to  be  condiietod 
•pon  abstrMt  ana  scientific  principles. 


4S4 


Review.— >Bowles*4  Life  of  Bithap  Ken. 


[May, 


deviation  from  which  must  be  accom- 
|MDied  with  general  evil.  Public  oi>i- 
nion  is  therefore  not  to  be  preponue- 
ranty  unless  it  be  founded  upon  wisdom 
and  experience,  and  such  wisdom  and 
experience  are  matters  of  scientific  ac- 
quisition ;  and  he  who  has  never  read 
Tacitus  and  the  other  philosophical 
historians,  and  through  such  neglect  is 
ignorant  of  the  sure  though  latent 
consequences  of  certain  measures  and 
events,  is  not  qualified  to  give  an  opi- 
nion. If  it  has  been  asserted  that  his- 
tory is  only  an  old  almanack  ;  It  has 
been  happily  replied,  that  an  old  alma- 
nack is  necessary  for  making  a  new 
one ;  and  nothing  is  more  selt-evident, 
than  that  we  can  only  jud^eof  the  fu- 
ture by  the  past,  i.  e.  by  history. 

The  subject  of  these  Kiemoirs,  a  Bi- 
shop of  sound  principles,  lived  in  times 
when  extravapnce  of  opinion  had  at- 
tained to  such  political  power,  as  to 
defy  all  control  short  of  military  pre- 
ponderance. Had  Elizabeth  been  the 
Sovereign  of  the  seventeenth  century, 
there  would  have  been  no  civil  war ; 
the  people  would  have  found,  as  their 
forefathers  had  done,  that  the  wisdom 
of  the  Ministers  guided  public  opinion, 
and  that  the  latter  was  as  little  disposed 
to  dictate  in  civil  matters  to  the  Queen, 
Burleigh,  and  Walsingham,  as  French 
Jacobinism  would  have  been  in  mili- 
tary affairs  to  Buonaparte  and  his  Mar- 
shals. 

-  James  and  Charles  had  no  Ministers 
properly  so  called ;  and,  in  a  scientific 
view,  no  statesman  appeared  again  be- 
fore Cromwell. 

As  matters  were  (to  employ  a  homely 
figure),  the  boiling  pot  was  not  skim- 
med ;  the  scum  was  intermixed  with 
the  broth,  and  the  latter  was  spoiled. 
We  are  vindicated  in  using  the  word 
scum  in  a  literary  view,  for  assuredly 
there  was  neither  reason  nor  science  in 
the  measures  of  the  period  alluded  to. 
Mob  notions  excited  the  insurrection, 
and  unconstitutional  tyranny  guided 
the  attempt  to  suppress  it. 

From  an  assimilation  of  this  wretch- 
ed period  of  anarchy  and  misrule  to 
certain  phenomena  of  the  present 
times,  mr.  Bowles  has,  from  public 
motives,  incorporated,  with  his  biogra- 
phical materials,  the  analogous  charac- 
teristics ;  and  very  properly  so,  for  ii  is 
certainly  unworthy  the  **  inarch  of  in- 
tellect'* in  the  nineleentli  century  to 
suppose  that  all  national  misfortunes, 
nay,  fevers,  and  epidemic  diseases,  can 


be  remedied  by  the  impoverishment 
and  persecution  of  parsons.  But  such 
was  absolutely  the  belief  of  the  timet 
to  which  Mr.  Bowles  alludes.  It  was 
seriously  supposed,  that  if  a  mm  wor* 
shipped  God  in  a  surplice,  or  read  hit 
prayers  out  of  a  prayer-book,  it  brought 
downdivinejudgmeuts upon  the  nation. 
With  the  exposure  of  such  non- 
sense, nonsense  so  admirably  depicted 
in  Hudibras,  Mr.  Bowles  commencet 
his  ingenious  work.  To  adduce  tome 
particulars.  The  present  day  it  voci- 
ferous against  public  schools ;  but  we 
praise  God  that  we  were  oofielvet 
educated  at  one,  and  can  confirm  from 
personal  knowledge  the  truth  of  the 
following  statements : 

*'  Tlie  public  and  academic  institutioiis  of 
this  country  are  one  of  the  most  cflbctive 
means  of  furnishing  those  diatiiinished 
characters  in  the  first  ranks  of  English  to- 
cietj, — the  scholar,  the  geatleoBUf  the 
Christian. — p.  27. 

«  Certain  good  ladies  hava  ftan  as  to 
morals.  There  is  infinitely  mon  oppres- 
sion, and  moreimmoralUjf  in  prhrata  toiools. 
—p.  28. 

*<  The  advantages  of  the  Bag lish  moda 
of  public  education  are  not  peroatved  by  an 
anxious  parent,  till  a  son,  sent  a  boy  to 
Westminster,  Eton,  or  Wtachailer>  rttoms 
a  manly  and  high-mindad  youth  to  lut  pa- 
rents, when  this  part  of  nis  edvcatkm  naa 
been  completed.  He'has  now,  by  coUision 
with  others,  been  taagfat  to  cttittatia  him- 
self justly.  If  his  parenta  mova  in  the 
highest  stations  of  soeiatyy  the  adga  of  do- 
mineering vanity  has  been  worn  down;  and 
nothing,  in  after  lifs,  appaars  of  that  con- 
ceit which  is  invariably  imuid,  whan  tbert  ia 
no  coUision  of  equal  minds  and  equal  station  ; 
though,  afienrarasy  a  doe  resnaet  to  staiioo, 
when  not  arrogaativ  astmnea  on  one  sida» 
will  be  always  libanllyaBd  chaerfbllv  grant- 
ed on  the  other.  Tlia  fondest  motMr,  re- 
marking the  pleasing  manners,  the  generona 
and  frank  mind,  the  acholarlika  but  nnpe- 
dantic  acquirements,  iha  dtnseanour  without 
conceit  or  awkwardncse  of  a  fisvourita  sob» 
will  feel  a  tear  of  joy  start  to  her  eye,  that 
bis  father  was  not  deterred  by  the  chiascna 
of  tyranny,  oroelty>  &c.  firom  giving  his.eliiU 
that  education  which  has  prodoced  the 
greatest  men."— i.  26. 

It  is  strange  that  a  mode  of  educa- 
tion, which  so  moderatet  the  pride  of 
aristocracy,  thould  becalumDJated  by 
persons  who  hare  a  democratic  biat, 
and  who  must  know  the  interetted 
partiality  shown  in  private  tchoob  to 
the  rich  and  great.  But  the  truth  it» 
it  is  an  honourable  distinctioDf  aiid 
slandered  by  mean  minds  accoidingly. 


18S(>] 


RbviBw.-^Bowlet*s  Life  of  Buhop  Ken, 


4n 


\\*hen  men  of  genititf  write  Ixioks, 
two  things  are  certain,  that  new  lights 
will  be  discovered,  and  the  thinking 
l>ear  no  rr&eniblance  to  com n)on- place. 
From  such  a  cause  it  is  that  authon 
are  oft^n  known  by  thtrir  manner  and 
style,  though  they  write  anonymously. 

Mr.  Bowles,  from  the  asylum  which 
Hammond  found  at  Sir  John  Pdcking- 
ton*s,  very  in;^eniously  pre!»anies  that 
he  (Hammond)  was  the  author  of  the 
Whole  Duty  of  Man*  a  work 
which,  adds  Mr.  D. 

**  Hm  Iteeii  ml«rmr«  vittipersted  from  tluit 
linM  to  the  present  by  pietiits  of  •  certain 
clus.  Rowland  Hill  says, '  it  Km  no  keart- 
Hvrk,*  **— p.  48. 

It  is  Mated  by  Mr.  Bowles,  that 

^*T\^B  iottaathis  rCrorowelPs]  last  breath 
left  hia  frame,  the  whole  isle  was  shaken  by 
a  hurricane,  such  as  no  man  ever  before  re- 
nembered." — p.  80. 

This  was  a  very  comiuon  omen,  far 
older  than  the  time  of  Cromwell,  and 
not  the  only  hurricane  appertaining  to 
the  Pfet>tector's  mortal  remains;  for  in 
a  newspaper  of  the  time  of  the  Rctto- 
raiion*,  is  the  following  paragraph : 

''The  people  will  ebetrve  that  this  tear- 
lag  wind  was  on  the  same  day  (Dec.  7)  that 
the  House  of  Peers  ordered  the  digging  up 
of  the  carkasaes  of  Oiiver  Cromwell^  &e. 
who,  as  he  was  hurried  out  of  the  world 
with  a  signal  tempest,  hath  another  for  aa 
much  of  him  as  is  left  behind." 

We  shall  add,  for  the  gratification  of 
our  readers,  a  less  known  prodigy.  The 
Mercurius  Publicus,  No.  4,  Jan.  34— 
31,  anno  l66l,  spcoking  of  the  sus- 
pension of  the  carcases  of  Cromwell, 
Ireton,  and  Bradshaw,  at  Tyburn,  says, 

<<  And  now  we  cannot  forget  how  at  Cam- 
bridge, when  Cromwell  first  set  np  for  a  re- 
bel, ne,  ridinc  under  the  gallows,  his  horse 
cnnretting,  threw  his  cursed  Highness  out 
of  the  saddle  just  under  the  gallowa  (as  if 
lie  had  liecn  turned  off  the  ladder)  i  the 
spectators  then  ohaenriog  the  place,  and 
rather  presaging  the  present  work  of  this 
day,  than  tlie  monstrous  villainies  of  this 
day  twelve  ycnrs." 

Our  readers  will  rccollert  the  dia- 
logue between  Glendower and  Hotspur, 
and  properly  appreciate  these  omens, 
which  were  common  forgeries  for  po- 
litical purposes,  and  exposed  aothori- 


*  Parliamentary  iBtelligencer,  No.  i\, 
Dec.  10—17,  16*60. 

GtNT.  Mao.  3/av,  18JU. 


tatively  by  the  Magistracy.    See  Mer» 
cur.  Pub.  No.  48,  Oct.  17—24,  l66l. 
Great  disputes  have  arisen  about  the 
authorship  of  the  KUtif  Ba^vXian.     It 
appears  from  Kennet,  that 

"  Tlie  papers  written  in  the  King*s  bauds 
were  entrusted  to  an  Essem  Miaiater,  of 
Rayae,  Mr.  Edward  Svmmons,  to  convey 
them  to  a  printer,  but  be,  instead  of  so  do- 
ing, oommittod  them  to  a  neighbour,  whieh 
neighbour  was  Gaudeo,  rector  of  Bocking, 
the  next  parish  to  Rayne.  Mr.  Symmoos  had 
been  long  dead,  when  Gauden  made  his 
claim  to  the  work." — pp.  188,  195. 

We  are  much  staggered  by  this 
anecdote,  and  (so  far  as  we  ore  compe^ 
tent  judges)  are  inclined  to  think,- with 
Mr.  Bowles,  that  Gauden  mangled  and 
interpolated  the  original,  parts  of  which 
are  however  retained. 

Everjr  body  knows  that  Mr.  Ellis 
has  ascribed  in  his  valtiable  Letters  the 
decapiution  of  the  King  to  the  com* 
mon  executioner,  but  Mr.  Bowles 
quotes  Lilly  (p.  166)  for  the  ascription 
of  the  nefarious  act  to  LieoL-Coloiiel 
Joice.  One  Spavin,  who  had  been 
secretary  to  Cromwell,  said  to  Lilly  in 
confidence ; 

**  *  It  was  LinUmaad  Colonel  Joicb.  I  was 
in  the  room  when  be  filed  kimuelf  §or  fh» 
work :  stood  bihiiid  him  wliee  he  did  it  i 
when  done,  wvat  ia  agaia  with  him.  Thtrs's 
no  man  knows  this  out  asy  massar,  Crom» 
well.  Commissioner  Iretoa,  and  myself. ' "-« 
p.  166. 

Query,  if  this  man  standiiM  behind 
tlie  executioner,  was  the  *'  tallsoldier *' 
mentioned  by  Fuller  as  sunding  on 
the  scaffold  ?  '^  (Church  Hist,  centxrii. 
p.  936.) 

In  p.  144,  Mr.  Bowles  shows  thai 
the  prcdestinarianism,  enthnsiaslic  ex- 
periences, and  other  visionary  notions 
of  Calvin  and  his  followers,  are  actually 
plagiarisms  from  Thomas  Aquinas  !— 
pp.  143,  144. 

Among^  the  ridiculous  things  of  po- 
ritanism  is  one,  that  they  made  it  a 
great  sin  to  eat  "  cusurd,*'  for  which 
Mr.  Bowles  says,  that  he  finds  no 
better  reason,  than  that  it  waa  an- 
ciently distinguished  as  royal,  (p. 
252.)  "  Royul  cnstard  was  probably  a 
transmitted  name,"  says  Mr.  B. 

<*  It  IS  well  known  that  soon  after  the 
Pkrliaosentary  visiton  eaose  to  Oslbnl,  they 
had  a  meeting  every  week  to  ooosider  eases 
of  eoosciaBee»  whieh  waa  tberefert  aoS  mt- 
aptly  Diek-aaoMd  the  ScrmpU^Shtp.  The 
religious  scruples  were  geiMfally  of  this  tri- 


4W     Review, — hovi\eb's  Life  of  Ken, — R9iint:\  Sort  h  Durham*    [May, 


ffDgiifttiire;  bat  as  to  lying  and  murder- 
iog,  there  trms  no  *'  »crupl«"  at  all,  nor  was 
th«  **  shop*'  aver  troubled  with  a  quctticm 
of  the  kind.  So  in  all  ages  are  found  those 
who  place  theeMcoce  of  religion  in  '*  strain- 
ipg  at  gnats  and  swallowing  camels.**  These 
nominal  Christians  sat  or  stood  at  the  Lord's 
Supper,  because  those  whom  they  opposed 
kneU,  They  would  have  knelt,  if  the  others 
luul  sal.  llie  cap  was  idolatrous,  because 
it  was  square,  and  the  bread  of  the  Church 
of  Rome  idolatrout  because  it  was  round  !** 
^p.9S9. 

**  God's  commandments  are  ten!  Puritan- 
ism, from  the  timet  of  Ames  to  Prynne,  and 
the  modern  eTangelists,  has  three  great  com- 
mandments ;  ( i)  Thou  shalt  not  see  or  read 
a  play !  (8)  Thou  shalt  not  touch  a  card, 
whether  in  the  spirit  of  gaming  or  not !  (d) 
Thou  shalt  not  go  to  a  dance,  however  re- 
gulaud." 

We  have  heard   ihat  the  officious- 
ness  and  interference  of  the  Saints,  as 
they  are  called,  in  the  avocations  and 
amusements  of  the  inhabitants  of  one 
of  the  largest  towns  of  Great  Britain, 
has  been  so  annoying,  as  to  excite  a 
determined  spirit  of  resistance,  which 
has  completely  overthrown  their  cause. 
Mr.  Bowles  observes  (page  207),  (hat 
these  "Solilidian  shepherds*'  are  shock- 
ing calumniators,  and  we  could  name 
two  gentlemen  of  unblemished  cha- 
racter and  sound  religious  principles, 
who   have  been  obliged    to  threaten 
clergymen  of  that  school  with  actions 
for  nbel.     One  of  these  clergymen  was 
actually  compelled  to  resign  a  curacy 
on  account  of  his  dealings  in  slander. 
That  such  an  encroaching  artifice  of 
low  cunning  to  establish  a  domineer- 
ing priestcraft,  ou^ht  to  be  indignantly 
expelled  from  society,  is  manifest;  and 
it  is  equally  clear  that  it  is  antichris- 
tian   and   uncharitable.    The  unwar- 
rantable and  dangerous  depreciation  of 
morality,  learning,  and  the  arts  and 
sciences,  arc  other  and  as  pernicious 
innovations.  Yet  with  all  these  mons- 
trous errors,  they  claim,  as  Mr.  Bowles 
observes   (p.  863),   infallibility  !      To 
prevent,  therefore,  such  a  mischievous 
propagation  of  folly,  is  the  duty  of  the 
able  and  learned  Clergy;  and,  however 
unwelcome  may  be  the  task,  ihcy  are 
not  patriots  or  benefactors  to  the  State 
if  they  shrink  from  it.     A  substitution 
of  devotees  and  imbeciles  for  our  sol- 
diers,   sailors,    scholars,    and    artists, 
would  be  an  evil,  which  would  expose 
ns  to  conquest  and  ruin ;  yet  siioh  is 
the  improvement  which  has  emanated 
from  the  school  of  Wesley  and  Whit- 


field. Mr.  Bowles,  therefore,  in  step- 
ping forward  as  he  has  done,  is  entitled 
to  the  highest  praise,  and  most  hear- 
tily do  we  wish  his  work  to  have  that 
influence  and  success  which  are  josily 
due  to  his  superior  talents. 

Raine's  North  Durham, 
(Concluded  fram  page  S8S.) 

FROM  a  plan  of  the  Chorch  of 
Holy  Island  Priory,  we  see  that  the 
origmal  semicircular  east  end  of  the 
chancel,  so  indicative  of  early  periods, 
was  superseded  by  the  usual  square 
termination,  because  apparently  the 
apsis  did  not  harmonize  with  a  cor- 
rect figure  of  the  cross ;  but  what  is 
\ery  unusual,  the  two  eastern  ends  of 
the  transepts  were  semicircular.  Tbey 
certainly  were  not  coeval  with  the  old 
fabric,  for  they  are  much  larger  than 
the  first  chancel. 

The  stump  of  the  old  cross  was 
called  the  Petting  Stone,  and  newly 
married  people  were  made  to  leap  over 
it  for  luck. — p.  155. 

The  jumping  is,  we  know,  of  Druid- 
ical  origin.  The  term  petting  may  be 
derived  from  the  A.  S.  P^l^^aily  con- 
culcare,  pedibus  obterere. 

From  the  inventory  of  the  goods, 
&c.  of  Sir  William  Reade,  taken  June 
21,  1604,  it  appears  that  the  old  knight 
had  not  a  bottle  of  wine  in  his  house. 
The  miserable  furniture  for  servants* 
bed-rooms  is  noted  by  Strutt  in  bis 
"MannersandCusioms;"and  it  appears 
that  the  servants  occupied  five  beds  ar- 
ranged in  twolofts,  the f/eaiif  of  which 
were  valued  at  6d.  each  only.— p.  178. 

The  chopping  knives  of  tne  scullery 
were  made  of  wood,  for  one  is  described 
•*  as  rotten.*' — p.  178. 

The  inventory  uken  upon  the  death 
of  William  Swinhoe,  in  l683,  meu- 
tion«, 

<*  The  kitchine,  the  milkhonte,  the  brew- 
house,  the  buttery  [in  which  there  wert 
<  two  silver  boulet,  one  silver  salt  and  elavcB 
silver  spoones,  10/.  lOi.  and  ao  other  plaCa 
is  enumerated,]  the  cellar,  the  ball  [wbera 
was,  inter  alia,  *  one  pair  of  plajaing  ta- 
bles/] the  parlor  [occupied  bj  two  beds], 
the  suirfoot  chamber,  the  grene  chamber, 
the  hartechoke  chamber,  (he  yaltowe  cham- 
ber, the  middle  chamber,  the  gallery  cham- 
ber, and  the  long  gallery."— p.  167. 

From  this  statement,  as  well  as 
others,  it  may  appear  how  impractica- 
ble it  is  to  appropriate  the  rooms  of 
i)ld  castellated  l^aI1^-ion9and  scats. 


1830.]        Rkvibw.— Haine*5  North  Durham. — .StuaiTi  Athens.         4f7' 

chambf  rt  of  ladies,  but  nof  ,we  ihiok,  in 
tlifite  of  getitlemcii.  Londoa,  ii  teeaii, 
was  famoui  for  hcdiieadf  of  joincif* 
work,  which,  with  valances  and  car- 
taint,  were  worth  a*  much  at  Q/. ; 
while  humble  clote-itools  were  rated 
at  only  6</.  or  ISJ.  each  (177).  We 
find  a  straw*  bed  under  di  featkerhedt 
UDon  a  /rujiA-bedstead ;  da  mask  table- 
cloths and  napkins,  and.  a  particular 
kind  of  sheets  called  strokin-sheeu, 
used  rorsiretchingoutthedead(p.  178). 
Tables  there  were  of  various  kinds ; 
among  these  a  **  drawinge-table,''  of 
which  we  do  not  know  the  precise 
oaeanins ;  perhaps  it  was  one  that 
would  draw  out,  or  be  easily  moreable. 
No  fenders  are  mentioned.  Farm- 
houses, in  the  modern  acceptation,  our 
ancient  «eats  were ;  and  setting  aside 
certain  denotations  of  state,  as  arms  in 
the  windows,  hangings,  armour  and 
weapons  on  the  walls,  strong  resem- 
blances may  be  seen  in  many  dwelU 
inffs  of  our  present  yeomanry. 

It  has  been  a  rule,  since  the  days  of 
Dugdale,  to  estimate  local  history  by 
the  quantity  uf  record  and  manuscript 
which  it  contains.     A  gosaiping  su- 
perficial work  may  conf/nce  a  place,  but 
it  will  never  parte  ii,  and  that  is  the 
hie  kmc  hoc  of  topography.    No  man 
can  estimate  the  possible  advantages 
contingent  upon  pubtishin^  the  tiue« 
deeds,  and  local  charactenstics  of  a 
town  or  district.     Estates  and  chari- 
ties may  be  preserved  to  their  right 
owners ;  litigation  may  be  prevented^ 
and  practicable  improvements  be  sug- 
gested. A  man  cannot  know  too  much 
of  that  which  it  is  his    interest  to 
know.    Mr.  Raine's  book  is  one  of  the 
standard  and  valuable  kind. 


We  are  inclined  to  think,  that  when 
urn- burial  and  cremation  existed  among 
the  Britons,  it  deimted  superior  rank 
in  the  deceased ;  for 

"  A  barrow  upon  aa  emiiieBce,  which 
served  at  a  pUca  of  tsacutioo  tor  the  etttU 
of  Bamboroogh  io  ftodal  timat,  wa«  partly 
opened  ia  the  year  1817,  and  wtt  found  to 
contain  numerout  gravet  btlongini;  to  the 
firitiah,  or  unconverted  Saxon  period.  In 
tome  inttaacet  the  tktietont  were  tUetcbed 
at  length,  in  gravet  nude  of  thin  stooet ; 
and  in  othen  the  bodiet  had  been  reduced 
to  athet  by  fire,  and  the  athea  thetntelvet 
had  been  collected  in  rudely  omMueoted 
and  tun-baked  umt,  which  were  found 
inverted  in  tmall  square  cavitiet  of  tlx 
ttonet  each,  Jutt  large  enough  to  contain 
them.*' — p.  188. 

In  the  Appendix,  p.  115,  we  have  a 
seal  of  Daviu  de  Houburne,  of  an  ovai 
form,  which  is  very  unusual  except 
with  regard  to  ecclesiastics.  The  col- 
lection of  seals  in  the  book  is  curious. 

Speaking  of  the  book,  as  a  whole, 
there  is  to  be  found  in  it  more  genuine 
information  concerning  the  articles  of 
domestic  furniture,  in  use  among  our  an- 
cestors, than  in  any  other  work  known 
to  us :  and  to  those  who  enjoy  the  inves- 
tigation of  old  manners  and  cuttouis, 
the  inventories  alluded  to  are  particu- 
larly  interesting.  It  ap|)ears  from  them, 
that,  generally  speaking,   there  was  a 
good  deal  of  plate,  and  very  little  fur- 
niture in  the  rooms  of  the  family;  but 
a  profusion  of  culinatyand  other  uten- 
sils for  those  appertaining  to  the  me- 
nage.     As  to  chairs   in    bed- rooms, 
there  were  often   none ;   and  if  they 
had  chimnies,  only  a  moveable  grate. 
Window-curtains,    drawers,    carpets, 
and  washing-stands,  are  not,  accord- 
ing to  our  recollection,  anywhere  spe- 
cified ;   and  a  warming-pan  does  not 
occur  till  1604  (p.  177),  and  (hen  was 
kept  in  the  bed-room.    Tongs  appear 
as  annexations  of  grates,  without  poker 
or  shovel ;  and  the  family  plate -chest 
was  part  of   bed-room    furniture  (p. 
177).    Stools  were  the  substitutes  for 
cluirs  in  the  principal  sitting-room, 
in  the  proportion  of^  even  twenty  of 
the  former  to  two  of  the  latter  (ibid)  ; 
which  were  evidently  intended,  par 
distinction,  for  the  husband  and  wife, 
rin  some  old  houses  we   have  seen 
fixed  benches  or  forms    around  the 
room.]  Screens,  maps,  or  trumpery  pic- 
tures, and  cupboards  calculate  to  dis- 
plav  plate,  were  usual.    Side-cacnaia, 
and  others  of  cloth,  occur  in  the  Wd- 


Stuart't  jlthetut  New  edUion^—Fol,  IK 
(Hetumed  Jrvrn  vot,  xcviii.  i.  p.  §S4.) 

WE  proceed  now  to  the  account  of 
that  inestimable  remain,  Mycbna. 
The  plates  are  upon  so  large  a  scale, 
and  so  complete  and  extensive,  that 
they  Bffotd  the  most  satisfactory  eluci- 
dation of  the  subject  Of  course*  they 
are  accompanied  by  a  Disaettaiiou, 
which,  like  all  theotnersia  this  work* 
is  elaborate  and  judicious. 

It  is  well  known  that  Paosaniu^ 
ascribes  the  circuit  of  the  walk  and 
the  gate  of  the  Lions  to  the  Cy- 
clops, who  built  for  Prstus  the  walls 
ofTir\'nthiis.  But /Arrr  distinct  modes 


428 


Ubvikw. — Stuart's  Athens, 


[May, 


C 


of  construction  are  at  present  distin- 
gnishable  in  the  walls  of  the  Aero- 
lis,  all  of  which  have  indiflferently 
een  called  Cyclopean  ;  and 

"  As  liM  been  observed,  by  the  judicious 
Sir  Willjaro  Gell,  and  the  accurate  Col. 
Leake,  tho  term  Cyclopean  can  apply  only 
to  a  very  peculiar  species,  like  that  of 
Tirynthus,  composed  of  huge  masses  of 
rock  roughly  hevrn  and  piled  up  together, 
with  the  interstices  at  the  angles  filled  up 
by  small  stones  :  the  other  polygonal  cou> 
structions  are  of  a  later  date." — p.  26. 

Who  and  what  were  the  Cyclops, 
to  whom  these  great  works  are  as- 
cribed, has  been  discussed  by  Dr. 
Clarke  *  with  his  usual  erudition  ;  and 
he  quotes  Casaubon  upon  Strabo  for 
the  application  by  the  ancients  of  all 
works  remarkable  for  their  magnitude 
to  the  Cyclops. t  lie  also  supposes 
that  they  were  the  giants  of  the  Sep- 
tuagint;!  a  hint  which  we  shall  im- 
prove. We  shall  add  to  this,  that 
even  in  the  imperial  aera  of  Home, 
both  Maximinus  and  Ferinus  were 
nicknamed  Cyclopes  from  large  stature 
and  savage  disposition. §  These  mat- 
ters being  premised,  we  shall  endea- 
vour to  throw  some  new  light  upon 
the  subject. 

The  tirst  of  the  heathen  authors  who 
mentions  the  Cyclops  is  Homer,  who 
describes  them  (according  to  the  phi- 
losopher's scale)  as  havmg  emerged 
from  the  hunting  to  the  pastoral  stage 
of  society  (but  not  the  agricultural) 
without  laws  aQefjutrruv,  or  the  use  of 
the  plough  (through  subsistence  upon 
the  spontaneous  fruits  of  the  earth), 
and  with  caverns  on  the  tops  of  hills 
for  habitations.il  Cicero  (in  Verrem, 
Oral.  X.  I.  v.)  says  that  they  occupied 
maritime  coasts,  that  they  might  kill 
all  those  who  landed  from  ships,  or 
imprison  them  in  quarries,  and  carry 
the  cargo  and  goods  to  a  pratoria 
dofnHs.%  Pliny  adds,  that  they  were 
cannibals ;  and  in  the  following  para- 
graph, that  the  Arimaspi  were  de- 
scribed as  having  only  one  eye  in  the 
middle  of  the  forehead  ;  a  notion,  not 
taken,  as  Dr.  Clarke  presumes,  from 
a  helmet  with  only  one  aperture, 
but  according  to  Muretus  and  others, 

•  Vol.  vi.  p.  449.  t  Id.  426. 

X  Id.  449. 

%  Histor.    August,    ii.    226,    244.      Ed. 
Sylburg. 
II  Odyss.  ix. 
t[   Ibid.  vii.  c.  2. 


from  the  custom  of  shutting  one  eye, 
to  take  better  aim  in  archery.*    That 
they  first   invented   towers,  t.  e,  for- 
tresses, is  an  affirmation  of  Aristotle ;  -f* 
but  Theophrastus    ascribes  it  to  the 
Tirynthians.J      Taking  all  these  ac- 
counts  together,   it  is  easy  to  under- 
stand the  mythological  tales  of  Ulysses 
and  Polyphemus,  and  the  architectural 
remains,  without   having  recourse  to 
the  strange  hypothesis  of  Rabaut  de 
St.  Etienne,  that  the   Cyclopes   were 
only  personifications   of  volcanoes.— 
But  the  difficulty  remains.     Who  were 
they,   and    whence    did    tliey  derive 
their  architectural  knowledge?    They 
have  been  (erroneously)  stated  to  have 
been    contemporary   with    Abrahain, 
who   lived  1881   years  before  Christ; 
but  even  were  this  true,  M.  Champol- 
lion  and  Sir  William  Gell  have  disco- 
vered that  the  arts  of  sculpture  and 
architecture  were  in  high  perfection  in 
Egypt  during  the  time  of  OsorUsen  I. 
who  began  his  reign  in  the  year  8082 
before  the  commencement  of  our  teni.§ 
The  name  of  this  king  occurs  on  nu- 
merous monuments,  even   as    far  as 
Mount  Sinai. II     The   state  of  society 
is  the  next  question;  and  it  aids  the 
other.     Cluver  says,^   that   Cerea   is 
affirmed  to  have  invented  the  art  of 
raising  and   grinding  corn  in  Attica, 
Italy,  and  Sicily,  when  ike  Hebrews  be- 
gan to  cuUivate  Palestine.    The  occu- 
pation of  that  country  was  posterior  to 
the  expulsion  of  the  natives,  and  under 
circumstances  hereafter  presumed,  ex- 
plains the  passage  of  Homer   before 
quoted,  in   whicn   he  says    that   the 
Cyclopes  were  not  agriculturists.  It  is 
said  too,  in  the  chronological  books, 
that  the  Canaanites  arrived  in  Argolis 
in   the  year   1 100  before  Christ*  and 
that  Praetus,  for  whom  the  Cyclopes 
built  Tyrins,  lived  on  or  about  fifty 
years  after  the  last  date.    These  pre- 
mises lead  us  to  the  hypothesis  now  to 
be    risked,   viz.  that    these  Cyclopes 
were  of  Phenicean  orCanaanitish  race, 
which  inhabited  the  country  between 
the  Euphrates  and   the  Jordan;  na- 
tions which,  like  the  Cyclopes,  are  dis- 
tinguished in  Scripture  by  the  name  of 
giants,  and  had  fortified  cities  in  the 
time  of  Moses,  who  lived  in  the  year 
1510  before  Christ,  four  hundred  years 

•  PiDti. 

f  AoDot.  on  Plia.  vii.  66.  ^  Ibid. 

§  Foreign  Revieir,  No.  X.  .^14 1 . 

|]  Ibid.  ^  Hist.  Epit.  le. 


1830] 


Rbvibw.— Stiiart*s  Athens. 


4^9 


before*  the  time  of  Prcptu*,  in  whose 
reign  Tirynt  it  hi»iorically  Mid  lo  have 
been  founded.  Now  by  referring  to 
the  book  of  Nnmbcrt,  c.  xiii.  we  find 
in  T.  98,  33,  that  the  spies  sent  by 
Moses,  brought  him  word  back,  that 
the  ciiiti  were  walled  mnd  vtry  grcai^ 
and  held  by  the  sons  of  Anak,  who 
were  giatiit.  According,  therefore,  to 
the  pic\ioiis  citations,  Tiryns  was  no! 
the  firsi  fortified  town  ^  nor  the  C]f- 
ciopes,  if  they  are  either  to  be  synoni- 
mized  with  the  giamit  of  Scripture,  or 
Phoenicians,  as  Clarke  supposes,  any 
other  than  the  exiles,  who  emigrated 
into  Greece,  and  were  descendants  of 
the  nations  whom,  from  Joshua  (xiii. 
19)  we  find  **  Moses  did  smite  and 
cast  out.**  The  style  of  the  ornaments 
and  deconitions  of  the  columns  at  Mv^ 
cenae  is  also  Persepolitan,  Asiatick, 
and  Egyptian.*  Moreover,  we  assume 
that  the  Cyclopei  in  manners  and  ha- 
bits lesemoledT  the  barbarous  nations 
whom  Moses  expelled ;  and,  after 
their  landing  in  Sicily  and  the  coasts 
of  Italy,  the  Algerine  corsairs  of  tlie 
present  day ;  concerning  the  Treasorv 
of  Aireus,  it  was  evidently  lined  witn 
braxen  plates;  and  it  is  noticeable, 
that  Danae,  who  was  confined  in  a 
similar  tower,  was  a  niece  of  Proetus ! 
It  seems  from  Diodorus  (quoted  p.  27,) 
that  such  subterranean  structures  were 
deemed  placet  of  safe  retreat  under 
danger. 

We  ha%*e  a  further  reason  for  being 
copious  upon  thi^  subject.  Go<^uet 
doubts  the  antiquity  of  these  remams, 
because 

«  It  teems  diffieult  to  imagioe,  that  mfi- 
ficet  which  diiplay  even  in  their  rude  tute 
s  ccruin  degree  of  perfection  in  their  con- 
■tructicMi,  should  have  been  erected  prior  to 
the  invention  of  the  plane,  the  saw,  the 
ginblet,  the  sqtmre,  and  the  mode  of  ereet- 
mg  the  perpendicular  hj  means  of  a  wei^t 
attached  to  the  end  of  a  cord,  and  which 
are  attributed  bynnmerout  ancient  authora  to 
I>Bdaltts.  And  indeed  there  is  tome  reaeoa 
to  doubt,  whether  all  these  inttruoMnU,  so 
useful  in  the  etectioa  of  edifices  of  rni^l- 
tode  and  intricacy  of  coottruction,  wrra 
known  at  so  early  a  period  to  the  Greeks  s 
for  Homer,  although  he  enumerates  many 
Cools,  luch  as  the  axe  with  a  double  edge, 
plane,  gimbleu,  the  level,  and  a  rale  for 
regalating  the  timbers,  aemr  ntntioos  a 
square,  compass,  or  saw.* 

•  According  to  DenoB  (Plates),  the  sig- 
rag  ornament  accompanies  the  plani^phera 
iif  Teiittra  and  other  Egyptian  reasaint. 


The  fallarv  of  this  argument  is  con- 
spicuous. 1  he  plane,  saw,  gimblet, 
double  edged  axe,  and  cotnpau,  are  the 
tooU  of  carpenters,  not  masons,  and 
Homer  describes  only  those  of  the 
former;  but  were  this  not  the  caae, 
the  question  it  not  what  tools  were 
known  to  the  Greck«,  but  to  the 
Egyptians,  whence  DKclalus  derired 
his  knowledge ;  and  certain  it  is  that 
the  obelisk  of  the  Lateran  is  ascribed 
to  the  ipih  century  before  the  Chris- 
tian acra.*  The  particulars  recorded 
concerning  the  erection  of  the  temple 
of  Solomon  in  the  Bible,  by  Hiram 
king  of  Tyre  (a  presumed  fellow- 
countryman  of  the  Cyclopes),  are,  in 
our  opinion,  the  best  references  con- 
cerning the  art  and  tools  used  by  the 
Cyclo|)ean  masons.  Now,  according 
to  our  translation,  the  compass,  plane, 
and  line  are  mentioned  by  Isauh 
(xliv.  i;>j,  the  plumb-line  by  Amoa 
(vii.  7,  8),  and  the  saw  by  Isaiah  (x. 
15),  and,  as  used  for  stones,  1  Kings^ 
« ii.  9.  It  is  very  true  that  Pliny  sayt 
it  was  made  a  rule  to  determine  the 
ancientry  of  things,  according  as  they 
are  or  are  not  mentioned  by  Homer ; 
but  the  exceptions  to  this  rule,  particu- 
larly with  regard  to  tubjectt  not  Gre- 
cian, is  manifest. 

In  an  excellent  distertatioo  on  llie 
Greek  Theatre,  we  find,  that 

«  J.  W.  Bankcs,  Esq.  has  discovered  at 
the  tikcatre  of  Scythopolit  in  Syria,  a  very 
complete  example  of  tnc  eccheia  chambers 
under  the  seau,  with  a  gaUery  of  communi* 
cation  affording  access  to  each  chamber  fur 
the  purpote  of  arranging  and  modulating 
the  vase«.** — p.  40. 

Concerning  the  difBcuk  and  leaal 
known  part  of  the  Greek  Theatre  (the 
scene  or  stage  part),  the  most  intelli- 
gible method  of  understanding  it  is  to 
cousult  a  model  of  that  of  HercuU- 
neum,  which  is  entirely  conformable 
to  the  excellent  verbal  detcripiion  given 
in  pp.  41—43. 

Of  the  fragments  we  hare  only  room 
to  recommend  notice  of  the  beautiful 
capitals  of  columns.  The  ceiling  of 
the  Temple  of  Theseus  was  heavy  and 
tatteleu,  although  it  harmonizes  with 
the  Doric,  ao  order  which  did  nol 
teem  to  admit  of  li^ht  and  elegaoi 
ceilings.  The  newly  diacovered  temple 
at  Cadachio  in  Corfu  is  a  hexaaiyl« 
(as  restored),  and  from  tbeahafu  of  the 

*  Rowan  Hultetino.— For.  Rev.  x.  64 1 . 


430     Review. — Lord  Palnierstoii's  Speech. — Uisl.  of  Hertford.    [Mav; 

columns  being  of  one  piece,  the  sim- 
plicity of  the  capital,  and  other  circum- 
stances, is  of  remote  Doric. 

We  leave  this  volume  with  sincere 
approbation  of  the  execution  ;  and  we 
can  confidently  assure  our  readers,  that 
the  whole  work,  as  an  improved  edition 
of  Stuart's  Athens,  exceeds  its  preten- 
sions, instead  of  disappointing  expec- 
tation. 


Spetch  of  Viscount  Palmerstooy  in  the  House 
of  Commons^  March  10,  1880,  on  mov- 
ing for  papers  respectine;  Ike  relations  of 
England  with  Portugal,  Svo  pp.  50. 

INTERFERENCES,  in  regard  to 
the  succession  to  thrones,  resemble^  ac- 
cording to  history,  *'  the  beginnings  of 
strife,'  unless  there  be  a  previous  mili- 
tary ascendancy.     In  the  present  case, 
the  question  is  not  whether  Don  Miguel 
ought  to  have  elevated  himself  from 
Regent  to  Sovereign,  but  whether  he 
ought  to  have  been  put  in  the  former 
situation  at  all.     If  Don  Pedro  was  to 
continue  Sovereign,  a  Council  of  Re- 
gency would  have  been  the  fittest  mea- 
sure.    Be  this  as  it  may,  the  matter  is 
now  one  which  can  only  be  settled  by 
power.      Lord    Palmerston    seems    to 
think  that  such  power  ought  to  have 
been  exercised  by  us,  and  if  so,  Portu- 
gal must  have  become  virtually  a  pro- 
vince of  England.     Such   a   measure 
would  have  produced  a  resistance  from 
the  powers  on  the  Continent,  another 
war,  or  other  consequences ;  such  an 
acquisition  niight  have   been   buying 
gold  too  dear.  To  us,  the  subject  seems 
to  present  nothing  but  a  choice  of  evils. 
Whether  our   neutrality   has  thrown 
Portugal   into  the  arms  of  Spain,   as 
Lord    Palmerston   contends,    depends 
upon  circumstances  and  anticipations 
of  which  we  are  not  qualified  to  give 
an  opinion.     We  only  know  that  the 
S|>eech,  in  its  literary  character,  confers 
great  credit  upon  the  noble  author. 

Letter  to  a  Friend  in  Paris.  By  one  of  the 
Minority  on  Lord  Palmertton*i  Motion. 
Svo.  pp.  20. 

THIS  pamphlet  considers  Portugal 
as  a  country  unsusceptible  of  a  free  con- 
stitution (p.  6.)  The  best  part  of  the 
book  is  the  representation  of  the  change 
of  principles  introduced  by  Mr.  Can- 
ning, and  the  following  paragraph  : 

"  There  is  r  common-seuse  class  i;rowing 
up  ia   Fraoce  and  iu  England.    The  mem- 


bers of  this  class  are  desirous  of  Mttenog  an 
impartial  course  between  preaeripUon  and 
ioDovatioo— between  the  prc)udieM  d  the 
aristocracy  and  the  passions  of  cho  mob. 
They  are  desirous  of  uaintaining  oonstitu- 
tioual  and  limited  monarchy,  as  more  suited 
to  the  conservation  of  genuine  liberty  than 
any  more  extreme  form  of  government. 
Tliey  are  advocates  for  amelioratiou  and 
improvement,  and  for  correcting  *  the  wis- 
dom of  our  ancestors*  hy  the  stores  of  mo- 
dem science  and  improved  opinions.**-^ 
p.  19. 

History  of  the  ancient  Town  and  Borough  tf 
Hertford.  By  Lewis  Tumor^  £19.  8co. 
pp.  509.    Austin,  Her  {ford, 

SOME  accounts  ascribe  a  British  an- 
cientry to  Hertford,  by  making  it  the 
Durocobriva  of  that  people,  a  town 
possessed  by  the  Trinobantes,  and  the 
Durubriva  of  Antoninus.      Camden, 
however,  assigns  this  station   to  Red- 
bourn  (p.  3).    Thus  our  author.     We 
find,  however,  from  Ricbanl  of  Ciren* 
cester,  that  Durobris,  Daroprovii,  and 
Duroprovis,  is  placed  at  Rochester :  an4 
that  the  copy  of  Antoninus  in  Gough's 
Camden  applies  Durocobrivis  to  Doro: 
ford  or  Bngcasterton,  or,  as  Horsley,  to 
Dunstable.    It  is  said,  too,  that  a  Ro- 
man road  crossed  the  Lee  at  ibis  place, 
and    was   denominated    the   Ermine- 
street.    But  this  is  a  loose  appellation, 
which  seems  to  have  been  applied  to 
various   vim  mililares.    However  thi^ 
may  be,  it  is  evident,  from  the   146 
burgesses  or  crown  tenants  mcntioneit 
in  Domesday,  and  the  synod  held  there 
in  the  seventh  century,  that  it  was  a 
place  of  high  note  in  the  Anglo-Saxon 
aera.     Edward  the  Elder  erected  a  cas- 
tle, which  varied  from  the  usual  form 
of  such  Anglo-Saxon  fortresses,  in  not 
being  placed  upon  a  tumulus,  but  be* 
tween  three  rivers,  the  waters  of  which 
would,  by  means  of  a  moat,  completely 
insulate  the  site,  in  Mr.  Surtees's  Dur- 
ham we  find  frequent  mention  of  this 
kind  of  fortifications,  as  not  unusual  in 
the  north,  and  substitutes  for  more  ela- 
borate castles.    Except  the  fragments 
of  a  Norman  castle,  Hertfotd  has  little 
or  no  vestiges  of  antiquity.    This  cir- 
cumstance must  account  for  the  brevity 
of  our  notice.    Mr.  Turnor  has  giveK 
every  historical  and  statistical  mattec 
connected    with    the   town,  and  the 
work  may  be  truly  called  elegant  an4 
judicious.    It  has  evidently  been  cooi« 
piled  with  much  attention  1  nostatcmeni 
appears  to  have  been  uken  upon  trust. 


1630.] 


Review.— Coventry  on  Rewnuei  of  the  Church, 


431 


nor  any  fact  recorded  without -the  best 
evidence  of  authenticity  in  the  power 
nf  the  author  to  collect,  often  from 
conflicting  teftiniony.  Thebiomphi* 
cat  tketchet  are  ably  digested.  We  do 
notf  however,  extract  from  the  work, 
becaute,  we  repeat,  there  it  nothing 
peculiar  in  the  incidents,  which  adds 
anything  new  to  the  stock  of  our  na* 
tional  archaeology.  The  volume  does 
credit  to  the  Hertford  press ;  and  the 
embellishments  by  Messrs.  Storer  are 
very  neat  and  satisfactory. 

Revemut  ^  Uu  ChMteh  <f  Et^Utmd,    By 
Gaorga  Gtvtatry.    800.  fp,  806. 

TINKERING  in  Church  matters 
has  been  recently  much  in  vo^tie,  partly 
from  folly  and  prtly  from  ignorance. 
It  is  of  no  moment  whether  a  predial 
tax  is  to  be  poid  to  a  man  in  black  or  a 
man  in  brown,  for  paid  it  most  and 
will  be;  nevertheless  a  golden  age  is  to 
follow  the  payment  of  it  to  a  man  In 
brown.  Of  soch  politicians  no  less 
than  three  are  now  oefore  us :  this  au- 
thor, and  Messrs.  Hanbury  and  Mar- 
shall. We  will  do  Mr.  Corentry  the 
justice  to  own,  that  he  has  taken  the 
utmost  pains  to  make  out  a  case,  hut 
we  shall  show  that  it  is  founded  upon 
false  premises,  and  ignorance  of  politi- 
cal economy  and  finance.  His  whole 
work  turns  upon  the  two  following 
points,  viz.,  that  the  fioor  might  be 
maintained  out  of  the  ecclesiastical  pro- 
perty, and  the  revenue  of  the  state  be 
nUo  augmented.  Now  both  these  po- 
sitions are  false.  Mr.  Coventry,  in  p. 
112,  says, 

'*  Leaviog  other  brancbat  of  the  Clervj 
nut  d  tli«  quefttiun,  the  reveauet  of  the 
Bifthope  alone  would  gladden  the  hearts,  and 
maintain  in  comparative  comfort,  upwards 
of  a  hundred  thouaand  indigent  poor,  who 
now  pine  away  a  miserable  exittenee,  while 
their  christian  tesclters  live  in  all  the  luxury 
and  profusion  inci<lrnt  to  noblemen  of  inde- 
pendent fortune/* 

We  have  had  the  same  nonsense 
brought  before  us  by  Dr.  Hi^hmore, 
(tee  our  vol.  xcv.  part  ii.  p.  (X)3),  and 
defy  Mr.Coveniry,  or  any  other  |>erson, 
to  deny  the  validity  of  our  |iosition.— 
Providence  has  ordained  that,  whatever 
l>e  the  wealth  of  a  nation,  that  wealth 
must  be  spent  upon  the  population  ;  and 
support  of  the  poor  out  of  the  church- 
revenues  will  not  bring  them  one  fur* 
thing  more  than  they  already  receive, 
b<.cau:>c  wlui  ilicy  would  gain  in  that 


way  would  only  be  taken  out  of  the 
pockets  of  their  fellows.  Snppoae  two 
persons,  of  1000/.  a  year  eaclii  whom 
we  shall  disiinsuish  by  the  letters  A  and 
B,  to  be  neighbours.  One  (A.)  spends 
his  income  upon  his  pleasures.  His 
money  is  dispersed  among  tradesmen* 
manufacturers,  and  artisans  of  variona 
kinds ;  and  moreover,  by  his  luxorief^ 
he  upholds  that  foreign  commerce  from 
which  we  derive  our  naval  means  of 
defence,  and  our  customs  and  excise 
revenue ;  which,  under  Mr.  Coventry's 
pau|ier-priesthood,  must  otherwise  l>c 
drawn  from  the  landed  interest  alone, 
and  thousands  of  useful  sailors  must  l>e 
thrown  iMck  upon  the  population ;  for 
be  it  remembered,  that  luxury  is  the 
sole  support  of  forei^  commerce. 

By  the  other  neighbour,  is,  aa  Mr. 
Coventry  desires,  a  poutoe  Christian. 
He  speiids  only  50/.  per  ann.  out  of  his 
thousand,  and  disperses  the  rest  in  cha- 
rities. The  doneet  lay  out  their  bene- 
factions also  among  tradesmen  of  a  dif- 
ferent kind,  and  these  last  only  sain 
what  the  luxury  tradesmen  have  Tost. 
P^ter  is  only  robbed  to  pay  Paul. 

Now  let  us  compare  the  public  good 
done  by  the  two  parties,  A  and  B.  The 
latter  (B,)  Mr.  Coventry's  poutoe 
Christian,  starves  all  the  luxury  and 
comfort  tradesmen,  and  whole  hosts  of 
useful  manu&ctorers  and  seamen,  who 
create  the  wealth  and  form  the  defence 
of  the  nation,  for  the  purpose  of  collect- 
ing round  his  house  an  idle  mob,  ready 
to  oecome  robbers,  if  the  Ikwii  is  with- 
held ;  in  philosophical  language,  only 
makes  pauperism  desirable,  anoso  aug- 
ments It. 

Now,  whether  a  man  is  a  Bishop, 
and  lives  like  a  Lord, or  a  commoner,  it 
is,  so  far  as  concerns  public  benefit,  of 
no  more  consequence  than  is  the  fine 
or  coarse  cloth  of  his  coat. 

Thus  iir  for  Mr.  Coventry's  first  po- 
sition ;  now  for  his  second,  the  exone- 
ration of  the  people  by  the  abolition  of 
the  ecclesiastical  revenues.  Of  course 
we  are  not  alluding  to  mere  spoliation ; 
we  pre-suppose  indemnity,and  not  pick- 
ing ))ockets. 

The  property  of  the  Chtirch  is  in  its 
endowments  private  or  corporate ;  and 
that  stands  in  the  same  situation  with 
regard  to  Government  as  estates  left  for 
charitable  u»es.  It  is  only  legalised 
benefaction,  which,  through  being  pri- 
vate property,  is  marketable.  Of  course, 
the  holders  of  advowsons,  lay  impro- 
priations, church- lands,  &c.,  because 


439 


Rbvibw.— £/»ior^  of  Chivalrff  and  the  Cnuada, 


CM-y, 


the  donations  cost  the  state  nothings 
but  were  taken  froai  private  property^ 
•re  entitled  to  indemnificaiiou.  Let  us 
ftee  the  result  by  figures. 

Take  the  revenues  of  the  Church  at 
eight  mUltom  per  annum*  This  sum  at 
fourteen  years  purchase  (the  usual  price 
of  tithes,)  would  cost  one  hundred  and 
twelve  oiillioDS.  The  interest  pf  that 
sum  at  four  per  cent,  is  four  millions 
four  hundred  and  eighty  thousand 
pounds  per  annum,  which  must  be 
paid  for  either  by  general  taxation  to 
that  amount,  or  subtractiou  from  the 
conBscated  property.  The  suai  re- 
maining is  three  millions  five  hundred 
and  twenty  thousand  pounds perannum ; 
out  of  that  sum  is  iagain  to  be  subtracted 
the  money  at  present  paid  in  land-tax, 
j>oor-rates, .  and  .parochial,  assessmepts. 
Take  the  clear  residue  at  two  millipns, 
and  the>  number  of  clergy  «t  fifteen 
thousand  ;  the  portion  per  head  is  about 
133/*  per  annum  ejsch.  Now,  what 
sort  of  education  are  men  likely  to  re- 
ceive, to  whom  no  higher  erooiument 
can  be  prospective.  Scholars  and  gen- 
tlemen are  completely  Vanished  from 
the  profession.  But  matters  will  not 
«>,  on  quite  so  smoothly  as  stated.-^ 
Every  body  knows,  thftt  what  is  .saved 
in  tithes  is  added  to  the  reiitj  and  the 
final  result  will,  according  tq  .experi- 
ence, bconly  gatntn^a  /o^;  that  is,  if 
•li.be  saved  in  tithefj  thirty  shillings 
•  will  be  added  in  rent  *,  ''  for,''.iaid  the 
Devonshire  farmer,  *'  if  th^y  take  away 
the  tithes  from  the  parsons^  where  will 
they  ^o  to?  to  the  landlord  to  be  sure ;" 
and,  if  the  whole  ecclesiastical  income 
were  sequestered  without  indemnity  to- 
morrow, atid  the  clergy  sent  to  the 
w.orkhouse,  then  would  all  the  rents 
be  immediately  raised  at  least  to  the 
full  amount  of  the  abolished  tithes; 
and  the  maintenance  of  the  clerical 
paupers  would  be  superadded  to  the 
poor-rates.  We  shall  only  observe, 
that  the  subject  of  tithes  has  undergone 
the  most  solemn  consideration  of  the 
first  statesmen  and  lawyers,  and  that  no 
other  result  than  mere  commutation, 
mere  change  of  proprietors,  could  pos- 
sibly be  expected ;  for  tithes  and  pa- 
rochial taxes  neither  are  nor  ever  were 
:  any  other  than  deductions  from  rent.— 
That  want  of  demand  is  the  cause  of 
the  present  low  prices  is  proved  by  the 
-high  rent  and  burdens  borne  by  the 
landed  interest,  without  a  murmur, 
during  the  war. 

As  to  Mr.  Coventry's  imputations 


concerning  the  ease  and  luxury  in  whicb 
clergymen  live,  we  deny  the  fact*^  tQ 
the  main  body.  Since  4hey.  ^vcifk  al« 
lowed  to  marry,  they  have  had  9  |inivi« 
»ion  tQ  make  for  families,  ^od  ,ai]R.iui- 
turally  and  fairly  dctirpus  oSvsifADUA^jpa^ 
a  respectable  appearance.,  A4>iiij$«iith 
has  settled  the  distinction rbetweoj^.iha 
austere  and  liberal  system  of  mi^niicn '; 
and  in  Mr.  Mackey'a  Constitut)oii  of 
the  Church,  Mr.  Coventry  will  tcio^hat 
the  austere  system,  which  he  io  ;aiivOr 
cates,  woula  inevitably,  detach  f  II  the 
rich  and  educated  from  the  Establish- 
ment ;  or  from  any  otiier  system  that 
pfofcMed  Puritanism*  Wo  aMora  Mt. 
Coventry  that  .we  spotk- only ''aa- mod  of 
bueiness.  We  hel^ev^  .it  abeuid  tp  \hink 
that  the  tithes  could. bo  taken  horn  the 
clergy,  i|nd  Ahe  reo^  .oJT  ti^.Ia^Klloiid.  not 
be  propprtionally  auament^  &  ai^  |f  es- 
tates subject  to.titb^.ai9e.qp«i||it  to 
much  cheaper  ip.comeqioeiiof,  mhan 
.ahqlition,  is  a  benefit  to  \iii^  budflloid, 
for  which. he  never  gave. an  CQuifalent. 
And  so  short-sighteo  are  Ml.  Cofintry 
jind  h^  hrpther  teformen^^.tKii^  Jthqf 
jtotally  forget  the  fpormooa  MldiMQO  to 
ministerial  influence,  i^hl^h  the  Mtittt- 

tution  of  goyerniqen^iatipm^WMli^ 
naturally  brinp;  withjt, .  ^.,,.. . 
,  The  truth  is,  that  ifi^  JMrne  fftmxa 
with  publications,  PMHynjijijwiHing  ple- 
beian thinking  anf :  plyhwin  habits; 
which,  if,act^  opqpi,  ifOi^  prodoOB 
only  incalculable  ipif^icl^  aiid  finally, 
.on  that  account,  Jbe  at,  1^  expdlod  by 
military  despotism,  aJD^JipmNlof  pro- 
fligacy. So  says  the  qnoning  voice  of 
History. 


The  History  tf 
By  the  Rev.  H. 
S  vots,  16mo. 


awrf  'ihe'Onmfder. 

AS  address  and  maniien  ilistingaish 
a  gentleman  front  a  pjeasant,.  so  chi- 
vaTry  elevated  a  warrior  above  a  barba- 
rian. The  extraordinary  part  of  it  is, 
that  all  iu  virtues  were  paodneed  with- 
out intellectual,  coltivaiioo. ,  ][t  wm 
taught  by  drill,  articles^of  Wai;,  conru 
ma^tia^,  pride,  and  sympathy.  ^  Every 
body  acquainted  with  servioe^  knows 
that  the  similar  necessities  anq  snflfer- 
ings  of  soldiers,  whether  acfing  toge- 
ther or  against  each  oltherf  hefct  a 
common  feeling,  wb,icb,  but  of  dtity, 
causes  them  to  sympathise  with  eacli 
other ;  inde^  the  jgiim^  contiiinncy 
of  severe  sufTerii]^  fiooi  woimkh^  Ct- 
minc,  or  capti?it|».M^8B^^.r^.i^Bason 


1H3S0.1 


REvikw.— Stebbitag*!  H'uior^  of 


Hie  prodmcc  of  divctting  «var  of  an- 
nccMMrr  brutaliiy;  of  nghttng  not  to 
mordcr  but  to  cooqoer.  In  the  Middle 
Aget  arms  trat  the  profinsion  of  the 
gentlemen,  and  that  profciaioQ  could 
alone  be  dignified  bj  thoee  besuiiftil 
virtue!  which  constituted  chivalry. 
We  are  nut,  however,  to  coniciund  the 
beau  ideal  of  romance,  with  the  tolier 
lea  lit  J  of  hitiory.  There  was  much 
violence  and  coarsencM  in  real  life  %  foe 
example^  feudal  rapine,  abduction  of 
females,  oppreation  of  the  poor,  and 
ooniemjpt  of  civilization  ana  the  arta 
and  scienoet.  So  far  at  regards  the 
condod  towards  the  female  sex,  the 
remart  of  Ducan^,  thar  it  grew  out 
of  the  reverence  paid  lo  women  among 
the  northern  nations  is  uoqueationable, 
aud  it  it  to  be  remembered  tliat  the 
characteristic  exoellencei  of  Chivalry, 
^merosity,  courage,  fidelity,  senii- 
nieni,and  addresa,  are  those  which  the 
daughten  of  Eve  most  admire.  When 
women  are  indispensably  and  iosepa- 
rably  Bim<iaiy  id  tho  dooMatie  bap^- 
neia  of  tbo  otiier  ses,  the  quahiiea 
•vhicb  conciliate  their  afiiBCtioiia  are 
of  ooofie  atudied,  and  to  this  cause 
we'  ascribe  many  of  the  essential  qiia« 
litica  of  Chivalry,  indeed  of  civiuaa- 
liou  in  general ;  for  it  is  well  known, 
that  the  barbarism  or  refinement  of 
a  nation  may  be  estimated  by  its 
eoiHlttct  towards  women.  Providence 
seems  to  recent  all  unseemly  employ* 
ment  or  hard  usage  of  them^  for 
Col.  Leake  says  (Moreu  i.  6a)  that 
through  bad  living  and  out-door  avo« 
cations,  he  only  saw  one  perfect  model 
of  beauty^  in  face  and  figure,  through* 
out  all  Greece.  We  have  entered  into 
this  diicunion,  because  we  think,  that 
Mr.  Stcbbing  attributes  too  aiuch  to 
religion,  and  too  little  to  circuiuitances, 
in  his  analpis  of  Chivalry ;  and  know 
that  neither  Robertson  or  other  eminent 
writers  give  us  that  clear  insight  into 
the  rationale  and  inBuenccs  of  Ch^ 
▼airy,  which  we  derive  from  theChro- 
nieic  of  Froissart,  and  the  Tales  of  St. 
Palayc.  If  relictoa  had  been  causative 
of  Cnivalry,  pilgrimages  and  penances 
would  have  been  ren&red  onnecessiw 
by  moral  influences ;  but  it  had  onl^ 
that  connexion  with  the  subject,  which 
the  rod  or  the  cane  has  with  education, 
or  the  whip  with  driving. 
-  Mr.  Siebbine,  professmnally,  has  a 
bias  towards  homily  in  his  pliiloso- 
phixing,  but  with  no  inconstdtiabW 
OsMT.  Mao.  iray»  IBM. 

7 


43» 

The  nastetlv  policy  and  aub- 

tlety  of  the  Romish  Church,  in  iosti* 
tilting  pilsrimagcs,  is  mbaft  ably  exbl* 
bitcd  in  the  following  passages-* 

*•  The  Church  had,  as  it  has  baeo  said, 
iBtroduesd  the  cuttora  of  astigaiflg  a  Jeai^ 
Bcv  Ui  the  HoljT  Laed,  at  om  of  tba  aesi 
efBeacfoot  jpenaacM  which  oauM  hi  io> 
fKciad ;  aa«l,  •appottng  that  aay  bodily  aa- 
IKctioB  or  tervioa  cooM  Uoft  out  the  m^ 
moij  €if  guiit,  or  aiooe  for  its  coianiisiioo» 
DO  peaaaoa,  oeihapa,  aould  U  so  laaiooibly 
revomnwiulca  as  thai  of  pilgriawgas.  I 
know  of  Doihiag  so  likely  to  bow  down  a 
proud  ipif it,  aM  tofteo  it  ioto  a  deep  and 
puri^iqg  thought,  as  a  loag  dbtant  Jooroty. 
There  u  oo  lieart  proof  against  the  soleoia 
iaflueoees  of  •oHtude  amoog  atraage  abd 
imuresMve  seeaci.  The  eoSfideaca  whieh 
it  has  in  itself,  and  ia  whieh  its  eonteaipS 
for  the  future  was  eatrenclied,  gradual! j  gives 
wiay  aBuog  them.  The  new  foms,  aadsr 
which  nature  pciMnta  herself,  are  so  many 
proufii,  that  there  is  an  esMteoea  and  a 
power,  of  which  ia  the  thoughtlese  aai- 
tbrmityofthcpiat,  it  bad  received  no  idea* 
aad  with  thai  new  coaseioosnass,  rushes  in 
a  train  of  feelhigB,  which,  if  not  theaaaM, 
are  nearer  than  Bsost  otiiers  to  those  in* 
iplrad  by  religion.  For  this  eflWt  of  the 
wag  and  often  perilous  Joomej,  which  he 
prescribed,  the  priest  Bsight  kwk  tvith  some 
drgree  of  eoafideoce  i  ai^  no  doubs,  espe- 
rience  taught  bim,  that  tlie  hardiest  of  hie 
penitenu  was  not  likely  to  come  back  firom 
Syria  with  a  mind  uaimpresaed  with  tba 
sentimeata  be  wished  to  inspire.  Other 
advantages  also  presented  tliemtelvas  in  fo- 
vour  of  this  kind  of  penaaoe.  To  the  na« 
tural  influence  of  tbe  Juomey,  through  wild 
and  distant  counUies,  was  added,  that  of 
the  example  of  many  devout  aad  enthuet- 
astic  wanderers.  At  every  stage  of  his  rnata 
tba  traveller  was  sore  to  amet  oooor  mors  of 
these  humble  palmers,  either  bastenimr  to» 
or  retuialng  from,  the  Holy  Cty.  Their 
humility,  self-denial*  and  constant  prayer, 
were  p«iweHu1  appeals  to  the  hauehty  soul  of 
tbe  uuwilliog  pitgrim.  Generally,  also,  he 
was,  by  the  nature  of  his  espeditioo,  far  se- 
parated from  his  former  companions.  Hie 
nroud  kniehta  aod  siJetidid  retmue  no  longer 
tullowad  him  as  a  gay  aad  gailaat  noble  | 
and  if  they  aocompamed  bim,  it  was  la  be 
wortbiupers,  like  biassalfy  at  the  Savkrar's 
septtlcbrs."~177. 

Of  the  abuses  of  Filffrimage,  tbn 
Romances  of  Reynard  the  Fos  for- 
niah  very  amnsins  illustrations  t  and  ic 
should  be  remembeied,  that  sovereigns 
patronixed  cmsades,  that  they  mi^t 
exhaust  abroad  that  ietidal  military 
power  which  it  was  danyrous  to  bavo 
inactive  at  home^  and  Bi§hi»lto 


434 


Review. ^'Foreign  Review,  No.  X. 


[M«ri 


out  the  pecuniary  i:eiouTce8'  of  their 
chieftaine. 

We  willingly  concede  to  Mr.  Steb-; 
bing  the  praise  of  all  that  can  be  done> 
upon  this  subject,  so  far  as  regards  ge- 
neral history.  But  it  is  not  possible  to 
sive  an  accurate  character  or  Chivalry 
by  general  history.  It  is  as  erroneous 
as  to  suppose  that  the  skeleton  of  a 
beautiful  woman  can  give  a  just  repre- 
sentation of  her  living  person.  Details 
of  romantic  action  and  picturesque 
feeling,  such  as  distin^ish  St.  Palaye*s 
writings,  can  alone  give  to  the  subject 
commanding  interest.  To  discuss  it 
in  the  manner  of  philosophy  and  ge- 
neral history,  is  only  to  treat  Poetry 
as  if  it  were  Algebra. 


The  Foreign  Review  and  Continental  Miscd^ 
lany^  No.  X. 

I.  THE  Life  ofJsnatius  Loyola.—- 
He  appears  to  have  been  an  unphilo- 
sophical  fanatic,  who  did  not  see  that 
the  passions,  senses,  and  conformation 
of  man  show  that  he  was  never  intended 
by  Providence  to  be  a  mere  devotee ; 
and  that  Heaven  could  not  possibly  be 
a  lunatic  asylum,  intended  only  for  de- 
ranged and  odd  people.  We  have  a 
proof  from  this  very  dangerous  society, 
the  Jesuits,  what  an  ediBce  of  mischief 
an  enthusiast  may  be  ignorantly  found- 
ing, for  it  seems,  that  the  present  cha- 
racter of  the  society 

'<  is  not  soch  u  it  was  designed  bv  Loyola 
in  the  fervour  of  his  first  sincerity,  but  as  it 
was  moulded,  and  perfected,  and  stamped  by 
Laines  and  his  successors." — p.  321. 

II.  The  Plays  of  L.  B.  Picard,— 
We  enjoy  the  humour  of  Moliere ;  but 
these  plays  of  Picard  seem  to  us,  as  to 
incident,  unintelligible  harlequinade ; 
and  as  to  wit,  only  making  faces. 

HI.  Baron  Cuvier. — ^This  is  an  ex- 
cellent article.  There  were  unques- 
tionably animal  existences  long  before 
that  of  man,  and  fossil  conchology  has 
incontestlbly  proved 

*'  that  not  only  the  productions  of  the 
land  have  been  changed  by  the  revolutions 
which  have  taken  place  on  the  sorfiice  of  the 
globe,  but  tliat  tlie  sea  itself,  the  chief  agent 
in  most  of  these  revolutions,  has  changed  ita 
iahabiunts."— p.  361. 

In  common  sense,it  must  be  acknow- 
ledged that  the  pabulum  of  animals 
most  be  pre-existent  to  their  formation. 
It  is- also  evident  tliat,  as  Mr.  .Granville 
Penn  states,  a  violent  disruption  of  the 


crust  of  the  earth  must  hare  cniiied  be-i 
fore  a  basin  was  provided  for  'thewM 
tcrs,  (see  Gen,  i.  0)  and  that  all  ^eolo-i 
gists  admit  the  present  surface  to  have 
been  the  bottom  of  the  ADtcdiluviani 
sea;  occurrences  of  two  distinct  and 
remote  periods.    Cuvier  maintaios  (tee 
p.  362)  that  there  is  no  trace  of  the  for^ 
mer  existence  of  mammiierousaniauili^ 
in  the  chalk  formation  and  the  strata  of 
anterior  date,  only  of  cold-blooded  rrp^ 
tiles,  and  the  amphibious dass.    Undei 
admission  of  these  facts,  Damely«jlh« 
marine  origin  of  the  present  eartn»  ibo 
absence  of  mammalia,  and  the  tempenn 
ment  of  the  blood  in  the  present  bu« 
man  race,  we  entertain  .tnc  ntitest 
doubts  concerning  the  pretended  diico* 
very  of  human  antediluvian  skdetOMi 
hysenas,  &c.    Cuvier  ■  has  found  Jtht 
fossil  human  skeleton  of  Scbciicbter  to 
be  onlv  that  of  a  gigantie  S9lanuinder« 
and  all  the  human  remains  of  Spallan- 
zani  to  be  only  those  of  ruminating 
animals  (p.  350).     Thci  Goadaloop* 
skeleton  has  been  shown  4o  boiof  rev 
cent  date,  and  as  to  ibe«  bones  in.tkr 
Durfort  cavern,  Kosritz  quarries  &c.| 
they  are  found  to  be  in  a  bioken  ecatn 
tered  state,  which  conld  not  have  CD- 
sued  through  submersion ;  mtd  if  the 
antediluvian  earth  was  the  bottom  of 
the  present  sea,  there  a/oiif  can  mUetU^ 
luvian  fossils  and  human  skeldona  be 
sought.    In  our  opinion,  the  Moaaio 
cosmogony  is  not  substantitUy  at  va» 
riance  with  the  geological  diseovcries. 
It  states  that  the  several  pfocetpei  of 
creation  took  place  in  saccessive  di^si 
but  there  neither  were,  nor  opnld  have 
been,  days  or  other  denotations  of  lime 
till  after  the  fourth  day,  when  .the  orbit 
of  the  earth  was  fixed  (see  Gen.  i.  I9)» 
The  word  day  can-therefore  only  mean - 
distinct  intervals.     In  the  beginninf^ 
the  earth  is  stated  to  have  been  '*  inra* 
aible  and  unfurnished,**  the. Hebrew  of 
our  "  without  form  and  void''  in  the 
translation.    In  the  first  dey  thu^  wu 
light,  but  no  appearance  of  the  solar  or 
lunar  bodies;  in  the  second,  aaatmo* 
sphere  was  formed ;  in  the  third*  tb# 
waters  subsided  into  a  basin,  and  tmbv 
tation  commenced ;  in  the  foorih,  Ute 
earth  was  placed  in  her  orbit,  to  seqore 
a  succession  of  seasons,  and  the  son  and 
moon  and  stars  appeared ;  in  the  fiAh 
day,  fish  and  reptiles  and  birds  weie 
created  ;  in  the  sixth,  followed  the  ler« 
restrial  beasts  and  animals.  After- theif 
nrcvious  creations  man  came  the  ImU 
Now,  taking  geological  pheuomeaftiiii 


.tsso.] 


Kb\ imw. ^Fonign  Review,  No.  X. 


««ompttfifOfi  with  the  Mosaic  combo- 
gony  on  a  broad  scale,  (iKe  only  proper 
one,  became  ihc  cfiSrcia  of  voloinocs, 
(inundations,  hurricanes,  and  other  ex- 
iraordiuary  inter? eiitionSf  are  unknown) 
there  is  no  reasonable  ground,  in  our 
judgment,  for  disputingt  as  to  oaain 
poinu,  Cu vice's  theories.    The  only 

guestion  is,  whether  man  did  exist  be- 
»re  the  deluge?  If  the  surface  of  tlie 
antediluYian  world  resembled  the  jne- 
•ent,  (and  %ve  have  read  that  it  only 
diflfered  from  it  in  neither  having  moun- 
tains or  rain,)  then  it  may  be  pre- 
aumed  that  man  was  co-existent  with 
the  Mosaic  date  of  his  creation ;  for  as, 
in  a  physiological  view,  insects  and  ani- 
jnals  were  formed  to  subdue  vegetation, 
ao  nun  also  followed  to  suppress  the  ex- 
uberance of  living  beings,  creation  al- 
ways progressinf^  in  an  ascendant  scale. 
So  far  from  findmg  the  Bible  to  be  di»> 
proved  by  philosophy,  we  never  found 
this  event  ensue,  exce|>t  from  human 
inisconceptioo  of  its  nieautng,  which 
mischief  has  been  saddled  upon  philo- 
sophy; in  the  present  instance  with 
line  irealmeni  of  a  very  enlightened 
end  excellent  man. 

IV.  New  Science  and  ancient  Ult' 
dcfM  t^  the  liaiians. — ^This  is  an  excel- 
lent disquisition  ;  but  we  can  only  take 
points. 

*'  The  alleged  Uindaera  of  Homer,  Vieo 
considers  u>  Iwve  u-isen  from  the  bliodaew 
of  the  rhaptoditts,  heoes  called  o/avo<  ; 
and  it  it  stated,  that  the  Iliad  tuA  Odjr»sey 
denoting  different  states  of  society,  the  two 
poems  euuld  neither  be  eoetaoeous  nor  the 
wofkfl  of  tiae  tame  author.*'— p.  383. 

•  We  should  think  that  the  laogoage, 
as  accordant  or  otherwise,  in  coiiiem* 
porary  style,  words,  and  dialect,  might 
settle  that  question;  for  the  |ioetical 
language  of  Shakspeare  and  S|»enser  is 
not  that  of  Dryden  or  Po\}e, 

V.  RiidMari*t  Life  of  Sir  ThomaM 
More.  By  far  the  beat  work  upon  the 
subject,  though  written  by  a  furtigner. 
Among  the  eccentricities  of  the  serio- 
comic Chancellor  arc  the  following: 

**  He  esponsed  Jane*  eldest  daughur  of 
John  Colt,  Esq.  of  Newhall,  Essex.  Iliis 
gentleman  had  three  daughters,  and  More 
was  attached  to  the  lecond  :  he  no/in'/A- 
tlmMding  prtipoitd  lo  ike  eldest^  fiarful  lest 
the  wimtd  tt  pained  on  her  younger  rUtet  fe- 
Mg  married  before  henetf," — p.  394. 

.  As  to  his  second  wife,  it  seems  also, 
Inat  he  had  not  the  least  thought  of 
Marrying  her,  but  on  the  coittrufy  u-j:i 


i3ft 

enga^  to  ask  her  for  a  friend  (p.  3g6). 
The  mftrence  is,  that  Sir  Thomas  sraa 
never  in  love  in  his  life;  that  is  to  say, 
his  reason,  or  cold  law-book-  noddle,  ao 
preponderated  over'  his  imagination, 
that  he  never  indulged  himselrin  these 
agreeable  and  romantic  association! 
which  constitute  the  idolatry  denomi- 
nated Love. 

VI.  The  Comedies  bf  Calderon  de  U 
i^tfrce.— He  was  a  Spanish  poet,  i^ 
bounding  in  pathos  and  sentiment  of 
the  first  character. 

VII.  Ecclesiastical  Power  in  France. 
The  object  is  to  show  that  the  priestly 
struggle  for  complete  ascendancy,  an) 
political  and  temporal  power  In  France, 
1 1)  a  great  measure  engendered  the  disgust 
which  aided  the  Revolution,  and  has 
demoralized  the  country.  The  Knglish 
Saints  of  the  present  day  are  aiming  at 
the  same  domination,  and  the  Liberals, 
Who  know  the  results,  are  bushing  at 
them  in  their  sleeves.  Certain  it  ia^ 
that  perversions  of  Christianity,  fur  the 
purpose  uf  propagating  inconsistent  and 
un philosophical  theories,  are  shown  iti 
all  history  to  be  discountenanced  and 
punished  by  Providence ;  reason  beliiir 
the  only  human  agent  of  temporal  well 
being. 

Among  the  Continental  FAterary  In- 
teliigence,  in  p.  539,  ^c  have  a  short 
enumeration  of  curious  relics,  re- 
cently fuund  at  various  places  in  Italy. 
Among  these  arc  the  following  rare 
articles : 

**  Burnt  vases,  called  mlieemif  (whioh 
there  is  reason  to  suppose  the  ancients  broke 
in  pieces  before  they  tliiew  them  on  the  fu- 
neral pile  of  parents  or  friends),  cuus  of  ex  • 
treme  rarity,  being  white  and  varnished  on 
the  inside  'ike  fine  porcelain,  while  the  oat- 
side  exhiUts  figures  pMnted  in  red  on  a  bhek 
ground ;  playtniogs  found  near  the  skele- 
tons uf  two  ehildren  i  a  large  vessel,  full  of 
eggs,  discovered  at  the  Uot  td  a  human  ska* 
leUM  I  many  admirable  ptcture»»  and  sosae 
exinuifdinary  glass  vessels.*' — p.  639. 

In  p.  540  is^  some  very  interentng 
and  important  intelligence  concerning 
the  ancient  history  and  arts  of  Egypt, 
and  the  progress  made  in  deciphering 
the  hieroglyphics. 

Among  the  Prince  of  Cant  no*s  Etrus- 
can vases»  mention  is  made  of  one 
which  is  inscribed  with  the  names  of 
two  artnts,  one  accompanied  with 
EFPAOE  or  £rPA4>£Ei  the  other  with 
EnOIEI  or  EnOIE£EN.  I1ie  former 
being  presumed  to  denote  the  painter. 


4S6 


Beyi^w. — Exterpia  Historira. 


(Mqr. 


the  other  the  potter.  .  We  are  not  mtis- 
fied  with  tbia  explanation.  Two  sta- 
toes  of  satyrs  were  found  near  Genaano. 
perfect  fac-ftmiles  of  each  other  in  size 
and  form,  both  being  inscribed  EIIOI  EI. 
In  both  these  statues  the  ETIOIEI  ia» 
therefore,  understood  to  mean  that  they 
were  copies  of  the  same  original.  On 
this  account  we  are  inclined  to  think 
that  the  Eypv^^i  denoted  the  original 
{xaipter,  and  the  Eroin  the  copyist. 

For  these  new  discoveries  we  are  in- 
debted to  the  ArchsQolo^ical  Institute 
of  Rome;  and  so  promising  igid  valua- 
ble are  thfir  comaiunipations  like^  to 
be^  that 

<■<  Serenl  dittbguithed  tctioUn  and  loTen 
of  the  arts,  residing  in  this  countryf  have 
cmused  their  names  to  he  subscribed  at  the 
I^nndon  agent's  (Mr.  Rodwell,  New  Bond- 
street,)  as  Members  of  the '  Roman  Institato 
di  Correspondent  a  Arclueologica.'  *' 

We  are  happy  to  contipue  our  respect 
for  this  excellent  Miscellany. 


fxeerpta  Hutoriea  ;  or.  Illustrations  ^Sng^ 
lish  History,  Part  /.  Bvo.^,  108.  Sa- 
muel Bentlej. 

THf)  commencement  of  this  work 
will  be  hailed  by  every  true  antiquary 
with  the  utmost  satisfaction  and  plea- 
sure ;  and,  if  carried  on  to  any  exient» 
it  will  bfcome  oi^e  of  the  most  ra- 
luabte  collections  in  the  whole  archso- 
logical  library.  The  editors  in  their 
preface  state  it  to  be  their  laudable 
purpose  to  form  a  **  Rymer's  Foedera** 
for  private  and  domestic  articles,  a  di« 
vision  which  Rvmer  tfiought  it  neces- 
sary to  omit  in  his  voluminous  work*, 
hut  upon  which  im|)Qrtant  braneh  of 
information  a  majority  of  our  histo- 
rians have  evinced  a  laqneixtable  defi- 
ciency. 

**  Ab  intlniaie  acquabtanoe  with  the 
manners- and  customs^  the  literature,  tlie 
arts,  and,  in  a  word,  with  the  morat  condi- 
tion of  society,  is  however  indispensibly  ne- 
f«ssarj  to  an  Historian :  fpr  \%  is  h^s  pecu- 
liar province  to  proba  the  motives  of  hu- 
man actions ;  ana,  unless  he  is  capable  of 
judging  of  Dpen  bj  (h^  sU^ndard  of  contem- 
porary opinion,  of  appreciating  the  agency 
by  which  events  have  bcei\  produced,  and  of 
viewing  the  times  of  which  he  writes  as 
|hej  were  seen  by  those  who  Kved  in  them, 

*  There  are  some  volumes  of  his  coHee- 
tfons  in  the  Britiah  Museum,  containing 
ftuoh  articles  as  he  did  not  coRsider  of  a  oa- 
(^e  sufficiently  piil>Ii9. 


his  opiaioBs  wilh  lia  aftcn  eraoosouay  aad  li^ 

conelusions  ^dse." 

Of  such  ntlKty  as  a  '«  Fcedera  ^  lor 
private  matters,  the  preseot  eoneetloa 
IS  doubtless  calculated  to  betame ;  bat 
w^  hnagrne  we  shall  be  gnring  oar 
readers  a  better  idea  of  the  natare  of 
the  miscellany  (as  shown  in  the  preaeol 
sample),  bv  comfiarii^g^  it  to  «  new 
series  of  the  Antiquarian  Repertorr. 
We  can  readily  conceive  the  imwil- 
lingness  of  the  editors  to  allode  to  that 
ill-edited  and  vilely  embellished  work  | 
nor  shall  we  be  jnstified  in  etrrying 
the  comparison  further ;  the  preacrtt 
structure  is  bmit  with  the  iane  ftone, 
but  nn mixed  with  so  much  ohalk  end 
old  bricks ;  and  we  have  reason  to  an^ 
ticipate,  from  the  several  introductory 
remarks  prefixed  to  the  <loeimientt, 
that  the  architect^  are  protided  with  4 
far  superior  species  of  cemenl. 

Beiore  proceeding  to  notice  the  ciHir 
tents  of  tne  first  part  of  Evcerpta  Hia^ 
torica,  we  will  quote  ihf  editor^  own 
account  of  its  plan.    It  is 


<'  to  elucidate  publlo  eventSy 
fiitrign,  our  ancient  ralationi  with  FlrasMa, 
Spain,  and  other  nations^  the  laws  aad  eon* 
stttutiou  of  England,  the  sCi|e  of  iha  Amiy 
and  Navy,  the  economy  of  the  Ragfal  Htfeao* 
hold,  the  splendour,  magwfietaaay  sod  par* 
sonal  character  of  our  Monarchat  the  hiatavY 
of  Monastic  Establishments^  ibm  Uvea,  or 
distinguished  men,  the  eostiuBasi  laodea  of 
living,  manners  and  ctistonss  of  oar  aaeear 
tors,  the  moral  ajp4  pc^tleal  ooodHlaa  of 
society,  tbe  state  of  laqgnageaad  litnitarB| 
the  introduction  and  prpgrfM  pf  the  ArtSy 
Heraldry ,  Courts  of  Chivalry,  sad  Qeajraliify ; 
in  short,  to  collect  whatever  anay  piesant 
vividly  to  the  mmd  the  charactarisao  laa* 
tures  of  former  ages. 

**  It  is  proposed  in  every  eaaai  wbaa  cbf 
original  can  be  eonaaltcd»  t«  five  tha  fatfn 
document,  or  extraeta  freaa  K*  la  aa  aaaei  A 
form  as  typography  will  adaity  with  aoa^ 
comments  aa  may  be .  neoeasaiy  tq  lawkr 
the  articles  more  geneimlly  usffal  aad  lata* 
resting; 

—a  plan  which,  we  reneiit.  If  ctv» 
couraged  to  proceed,  is  likely  to  pnH 
vide  an  invaluable  rep^^O'y  '^  ^^ 
historical  antiouary.  The  ABtit|oariao 
Repertory,  almough  it  containa  manf 
matters  of  considerable  corioiit|  apq 
importance  aa  a  whole  has  (partieaKavv 
ly  in  the  second  edition),  ihe^  appear*^ 
ance  of  an  ignorant  coiQpilation  ^  jtt 
it  was  highly  successful  at  the  pcnod 
of  its  publication^  and  we  tnut  thM* 
iu  the  present  day»  lets  attentioQ  wiu 


IS30;] 


Rbvibw.— £jcer;»fa  irulorka* 


4sr 


IM>1  be  paid  to  a  much  more  Kicntific 
work.  It  may  indeed  have  been  thai 
the  plates,  bad  as  they  looatly  were, 
contribated  to  the  luccen  of  a  work 
connected  with  a  name  already  to  po- 
pular with  the  lorert  of  picturea  at  tnat 
of  Capt.  Grote ;  bm,  although  we  do 
not  anticipate  that  the  present  will  be 
made,  like  the  former,  a  picture-book, 
we  thould  hope  that  tuch  illustrationt 
will  not  be  tpared  when  the  tubject 
requirct  them,  and  we  hare  some  prc^ 
mise  that  they  will  not,  from  various 
woodcuts  introduced  in  the  first  num- 
ber. 

We  will  now  proceed  to  notice  its 
principal  contenti.  The  first  article 
IS  a  royal  letter  niinive,  relative  to  a 
feod.  temp.  Henry  VI.  between  the  de- 
scendants of  the  two  beds  of  the  first 
Earl  of  Westmorland ;  in  which  were 
ranged  on  one  side  his  grandson  Ralph 
the  second  Earl,  and  his  brothers  Sir 
John  and  Sir  Thomas  Ne^ill,  and  on 
the  other  the  Countess  Joan,  and  her 
tons  the  Earl  of  Salisbury  and  Lord 
Latimer.  This,  it  is  believed,  is  unre- 
corded in  any  previous  publication. 

We  neit  have  the  srant  in  1443  of 
the  wardship  of  Ladv  Margaret  Aran- 
fort,— who  afterwanis  became  the  mo- 
ther of  King  Henry  the  Seventh, — to 
the  Royal  favourite  and  minister  Wil- 
liam de  la  Pole,  Earl  (and  afterwards 
Duke)  of  Suffolk. 

The  third  artiole  it  "  an  Ordinance 
made  by  King  Henry  the  Sixth  in 
I44(S,  relative  to  Grammar-tchoolt  io 
l^)ndon.''  In  conteqnence  of  great 
•buses  having  arisen  from  incompetent 
persons  keeping  grammar-tchoolt,  it 
ordained  that  five  were  tafficient,  and 
which  were  to  be  kept :  I.  within  the 
churchyard  of  St.  Fiul,  9,  within  the 
coUfgiate  church  of  St.  Martin,  3.  ia 
.Bow  church,  4.  in  the  church  of  St. 
Dunttan  in  the  East ;  and  5.  "  in  our 
hospital  of  8l  Anthony.**  It  it  re- 
marlcable  that  in  the  work  of  which 
we  have  been  tpeaking— the  Anti- 
quarian Repertory— it  another  doeo- 
nient  relative  to  the  very  tame  act  of 
legttlation.  It  ia  a  petition  to  parlia- 
ment in  the  neat  following  vear,  com* 
plainins  of  the  monopoly  of  education 
which  had  been  thot  ettablithed ;  and 
praying, — **  for  where  there  it  prete 
nombre  of  Lerners,  and  feweTcchert, 
and  all  the  Lernert  be  compelled  to 
goo  to  the  tame  fewe  Techert  and  to 
poon  other^  the  Maittcn  wezen  riche 


in  money,  and  the  Letnera  pooere  ia 
coonyng,'* — that  the  partons  of  All- 
hallows,  St.  Andrew's  in  Holbom,  Sc 
Peter  in  Cornhill,  and  St  Mary,  C^e- 
church,  thould  alto  have  tlie  tame 
privilege  of  keeping  grammar-tchoolt. 
To  thit  petition  the  King  attented^ 
provided  it  were  performed  with  the 
advice  of  the  Ordinary,  or  the  Areh- 
bitliop  of  Canterbury ;— who,  it  a(>> 
pears  from  the  Ordinance,  had  beea 
the  directors  of  the  former  arrance- 
meiits.— We  perceive  that  this  pctitioa 
is  also  noticed  in  Strype*t  Scow  (t. 
l62),  and  that  it  is  preserved  in  the 
Tower  records,  from  which  source  alto 
we  pretuine  the  Ordinance  it  derived. 
I  v.  Copy  of  the  Commandt  itsticd 
to  the  Ouke  of  York  b^  Kins  Henry 
the  Sixth,  for  the  ezpultion  ol  Sir  Ecf- 
ward  Nevill,  Knight,  from  the  Cattle 
of  Abergavenny,  about  1447. 

V.  A  Letter  from  Edward  Earl  of 
March,  after wardt  King  Edward  the 
Fourth,  and  hu  brother  Edmond  Earl 
of  Rutland,  to  their  father  the  Duke 
of  York,  in  June  1454.  Another  let- 
ter from  the  young  princes  to  their 
father,  and  also  dated  from  Ludlow, 
which  is  printed  In  Mr.  Ellis's  firti 
teriet  of  "  Original  Lettert,"  wat  pro*- 
bably  written  at  the  following"  Eatter.'* 

VI.  The  warrant  for  the  appoint- 
ment, and  patent  for  creating,  John 
Jiidde  merchant  of  London,  Matter  of 
the  Ordnance,  in  1466. 

VII.  A  Letter  fiooi  Lowet  Lyne^ 
ham,  to  hit  matter  John  Felde,  mer- 
chant  of  Umdon,  in  I46&. 

VIII.  Two  venr  interctting  leMeri, 
from  Simon  Hullworthe  to  Sir  Wil- 
liam Stonor,  giving  an  account  of  ihe 
tute  of  London,  and  the  political  newa» 
thoitly  before  the  acccuioo  of  Kiog 
Richard  111. 

IX.  A  letter  from  Marmaduke  Dftp 
rell  to  hit  coutin  William  Darell^ 
Etq.  written  from  Pother ingay  Caade, 
on  the  very  day  of  the  execution  of 
Marv  Queen  of  Scott,  of  which  hm 
had  been  an  eye-witneta. 

After  thete  «<  Slate  Fapett  and  €Wi- 
ginal  Lettert,"  follow  tome  nolea  of 
tingular  tenoret,  collected  firom  Ea- 
cheatt  and  Inquititiont  pott  mortem^ 
with  the  view  of  improvingnt  new  edi- 
tion of  Blount't  *'  Ancient^ennret.'* 

We  have  neat  a  copy  of  the  inden- 
ture, by  which  the  cuttody  of  Moii|f 
Kmery  C$M\\t  wat  delivered  to  WiU 
m  dc  LeyborOj  by  Bogo  tie  KooviUa* 


Review. — Excerpta  ITutorica, 


438 

in  1301,  ioiercsUDK  from  ihe  account 
which  it  gives  of  the  weapons  and 
^rinoor  in  tlie  castle. 

The  will  of  Elizabeth  of  Hainault, 
sister  to  Philippa  Queen  of  King  £d- 
.ward  the  Third, — a  personage  of  whom 
it  has  been  diQicult  to  find  any  men- 
tion. "  L'Art  dc  V^ifier  les  Dates" 
alone  notices  her,  and  states  her  to 
have  been  married  to  Robert  de  Na- 
mur.  This,  however,  appears  to  be 
an  error,  os  that  person  survived  her ; 
and  she  died  a  nun  at  Stratford-Ie- 
Bow,  in  1375. 

A  roll  of  the  garrisons  of  Calais, 
Rishank,  Guisnes,  and  Hammes,  their 
number  and  wages,  in  the  early  part 
of  Henry  the  Fifm's  reign. 

Ordinances  for  the  government  of 
ihe  English  army  in  France,  temp. 
Henry  V.  and  VI. 

Five  documents  relative  to  the  foun- 
dation of  Eton  College :  1  and  2.  Com- 
missions empowering  the  Master  Ma- 
sons and  Carpenters  to  impress  arti- 
ficers, 1440;  3.  the  Kings  deed  of 
donation  of  the  Tablet  of  Bourbon, 
late  belonging  to  Cardinal  Beaufort, 
and  containing  various  valuable  relics; 
4.  the  grant  of  arms  to  the  College; 
and  5.  a  grant  of  nobility  to  Roger 
Keys,  clerk,  his  brother  Thomas,  and 
the  descendants  of  the  latter,  for  the 
services  of  Roger  as  architect.  The 
expressions  of  this  last  document  are 
remarkable :  *•  eosdem  Rogerum  et 
Thomam,  necnon  ab  eodcm  Thoma 
procreatos  et  procreandos,  et  descen- 
clentes  ab  eodem,  nohililamus,  nobi- 
Jesqoe  facimus  et  creamus;*'  and  in 
pursuance  of  this  creation — **  in  sig- 
num  hujusmodi  nobilitatis'* — the  arms 
are  granted,  "  cum  libertatibus,  im- 
iDunitatibus,  privilegiis,  fTranchesiis, 
juribus,  et  aliis  insigniis,  viris  nohilibus 
debilis  et  consuelis.'  It  would  ap|)ear 
from  this,  remarks  the  editor, 

**  That  in  the  reign  of  Heury  the  Sixth, 
the  same  principle  prevailed  in  England, 
which  then,  and  now,  exists  in  France  and 
other  countries,  namely,  that  the  right  to 
^lear  arms  rendered  a  man  noble;  and,  there- 
fore, that  it  is  a  perversion  of  the  original 
designation  of  the  term  to  confine  it  to 
Peers.  The  arguments  stated  in  favour  of 
this  opinion  in  a  recent  work,  are  |M>wcrfully 
supported  by  this  document ;  and  by  the 
fact  that,  in  the  numerous  grants  of  letteis 
of  nobilltv  to  the  French  subjects  of  the 
King  of  kogland  (Foedcra,  vol.  z.  and  zi.; 
and  Harl.  MSS.  601.0),  the  words  are  the 
^same  as  those  used  in  tlils  instance,  each  of 
those  persons  being  ennobled,  and  arms  as- 


[May. 


•igned  to  him  as  a  neoeisary  and  indispeBnlle 
tooieqnenoe." 

'  The  work  here  alluded  to  is  ''  The 
Nobility  of  the  Gentry  of  the  Briti:ih 
Empire,  by  Sir  James  Lawreace, 
K.  M."  our  review  of  which  in  .our 
vol.  xcvii.  ii.  245,  will  be  remember- 
ed by  some  of  our  readers. 

Tne  next  article  is  on  Standards,  id 
continuation  of  some  articles  oa  thoie 
and  similar  military  ensiffns,  %vhich 
were  published  in  the  late  rlew  Series 
of  the  Retrospective  Review.  The  de- 
scriptive catalogue  of  those  emplojfed 
by  several  distinguished  Eoglisa  sol- 
diers, written  between  1510  and  1525, 
is  a  very  curious  document. 

The  next  is  a  highly  curioui  article, 
— a  Poem  (hitherto  unpablished,  al- 
though preserved  in  the  British  Mu- 
seum,) giving  a  contemporary  descrip» 
tion  of  the  assault  on  Massoura,  in  the 
crusade  by  St.  Louis,  at  which  in  Fe- 
bruary 1249-50,  Sir  William  Longesp^ 
(titular  £arl  of  Salisbary,  and  giraiid- 
son  of  our  King  Henry  the  Second 
and  Fair  Rosamond)  concluded  his 
mortal  career.  It  appears  that  the  at- 
tack was  rashly  hastened  by  the  taunts 
ins  speeches  of  the  arrogant  Count 
d'Artnis,  who  told  the  Earl  he  might 
well  be  English  who  counselled  con- 
sideration. Loo|^p^,  provoked  by  this 
insolence,  exclaimed,  *'  Lead  on  now, 
and  I  will  surpass  you.*'  They  then 
entered  Massoura  with  as  much  confi- 
dence as  if  it  had  been  their  own  resi- 
dence; the  Turks  closed  the  gates  upon 
them,  and,  after  an  obstinate  reaistanoe, 
the  whole  party  was  nearly  cut  to 
pieces,  a  few  only  escaping  through  a 
river.  Longesp^  if  the  poet  is  to  he 
believed,  was  dreadfully  mutilated  be- 
fore he  was  slain  outright.  First  he 
was  maimed  of  his  lefl  toot,  in  which 
state  he  not  only  cut  oflT  the  head  of 
every  Saracen  within  bis  reach,  but 
clo\'e  in  two  that  of"  an  Amiral,  the  ton 
of  the  King  of  Egypt,  wlioae  name  was 
Abracl.'*   lie  next  lost  his  right  hand: 


«  A  perfidious  Saraesn  camt  gallooiBg 
up  on  horseback,  grasping  fimly  a  tiaaonant 
sword,  and  giving  the  £arl  a  vcrr  heavy 
blow  cut  oB  hit  right  hand.  In  whioh  ha 
held  his  sword  in  ^vaaos.  Than  was  the 
noble  body  cruelly  disDMaband ;  lor  the 
left  foot  and  the  right  hand  ware  cut  off. 
WIten  he  had  lost  hit  hand,  ha  drew  back, 
and  prayed  to  Jesus  Christ  Almighty,  thaty 
if  it  pleased  H  im,  fur  the  love  of  hit  Mocbcf , 
he  would  allow  him  venjgaadca  an  that  UOM 
race. 


1830.] 


Rrvibv,— WeUtcr's  EMgU$h  Dic<t#Mry- 


40» 


•<  The  Imlil  and  nliast  body  nithtd  for- 
md  on  one  fboC  towirdt  •  per&Boat  Tarfcv 
whose  name  wm  Eipirauot.  lo  hb  left 
head  he  grasped  hit  alathiBg  tword,  and 
uniek  off  the  Turk's  ftce  with  his  ehin* 
huty  while  eapiriogi  the  Turk  gare  hia  ao« 
other  blow,  and  cented  the  left  hand,  hold* 
ing  the  sword*  to  flj  in  fSroat. 

**  Then  the  valiant  Loogesp^  fell  to  the 
ground,  fur  he  could  no  looger  stand  on 
one  foot.  The  5Waccns  ran  up  right  joyous 
and  glad,  and  wiih  their  trenchant  swords 
cut  him  in  pieces." 

Ttic  Count  d'ArtDJf,  to  whoie  rash- 
ness ihis  ill-advised  enterprise  is  inv- 
puied,  also  lost  his  life  at  the  assault 
of  Maasoura.  The  Foet  says  it  waa 
not  before  be  had  attempied  to  escape  | 
and  spitefully  adds*  "  his  soul  is  in 
Hell,  in  great  toroienL'*  Others  of 
the  French,  together  with  the  Infidels, 
are  committed  to  a  similar  doom  ( 
whilst  the  Christian  heroes  who  fell 
in  the  contest  are  with  e<(ual  confi- 
dence asserted  to  be  in  paradise.— This 
fatal  disaster,  at  which  (according  to 
the  French  historian  de  Joinville)  three 
hundred  knightafell,  and  the  Templars 
alone  lost  880  men  at  arms,  was  iro* 
mediately  followed  by  the  capture  of 
King  Louis,  which  terminated  the 
crusade. 

The  first  number  of  "  Excerpta  His- 
lorica'*  concludes  with  extracts  from 
the  Privy -purse  £x|>enses  of  King 
Henry  the  Seventh,  from  14gi  to  T505, 
an  useful  addition  to  the  rolumes  of  t 
siniiUr  nature,  some  recently  publish- 
ed, and  others  shortly  expected  to  ap- 
l>ear.  The  present  entries  are  from  a 
volume  purchased  for  the  British  Mu- 
seum, from  the  MS.  library  of  Craven 
Ord,  esq.  whose  name  we  are  sorry  to 
see  misspelt. 

^  Dietixmaru  of  the  EnfiUsh  Lant^agr,  tfc. 
By  N.  Webster,  LL.D.    4 to.  Not,  l,  9. 

A  DICTIONARY  of  the  English 
lans^uage,  by  an  American,  is  an  an- 
nunciation prone  to  excite  alarm  or  ri- 
dicule; but  nevertheless  the  fact  is 
such,  and  we  rejoice,  because  it  mav 
lend  to  prevent  American -English 
from  lapsing  into  that  slang  to  which 
the  late  Xfr.  Mactagg^rt  and  others 
have  pronounced  it  to  be  in  speedy 

£rogrcif  of  approximation.  However^ 
Ir.  Webster  u  an  author  thoroughly 
competent  to  the  arduous  task;  and 
English  in  intellect  and  habits  of 
thinking ;  and  the  authors  whom  he 
uses  for  his  ctuiioDs  are  English  also. 


In  an  tUborate  and  learned  iotio- 
dnction,  there  is  mncb  of  the  acnie* 
aess  of  Home  Tooke,  as  to  analysis  of 
the  philosophy  of  grammar.  Botgranw 
mar  we  conceive  to  hate  been  au  tin* 
premeditated  thing,  created  not  scien- 
tifically but  by  necessity  and  circnn* 
stances,  through  which  makg§h\fts  and 
even  inapplicable  words  haYC  attained 
a  station  and  character,  for  which  they 
were  not  originally  designed.  There 
cannot  in  nature  be  any  other  than 
nouns  and  verbs,  things  and  actions,— 
out  of  these  are  taken  the  words  which 
qualify,  or  conditiono/e  (if  we  may  so 
say)  the  subject  matter.  What  first 
came  to  hand  for  that  purpose,  was 
first  adopted  without  any  regard  to  its 
fitness    or    unfitness.     Philosophical 

grammarians,  therefore,  asuy  lanmiage 
y  a  test,  as  if  it  were  reBned  gMd  or 
silver,  whereu  it  was  never  suhjecicd 
to  a  crucible  and  formed  in  a  mould. 
There  is,  we  repeat,  in  no  language 
whatever,  correct  and  philosophical 
grammar;  and  we  should  be  very  sorry 
to  see  any  one  attempted,  for  it  would 
render  unintelligible  and  obsolete  all 
the  learning  of  preceding  ages. 

A  part  of  the  Introduction  (in  p, 
XXX vii)  is  devoted  to  the  diflTereuee  of 
pronunciation  i  and  of  pronooncing 
dictionaries  we  are  bound  to  say  that 
by  meddling  with  %vords  of  which  the 
pronunciation  follows  the  ortliflgraphy« 
one  half  of  them  not  only  mislead,  but 
excite  ridicule;  e.  g.  capture  is  ren^ 
dered  capt-shure;  debenture,  debent- 
shure;  and  in  other  instances,  both  « 
and  i  are  converted  into  «A.  Dicla^ 
twre  is  made  dictat^shur,  and  so  forth. 

Concerning  accenluaiion,  p.  xliv.  a 
leading  Anglicism  is  unnoticed;  via. 
tliat  the  English  always  force  the  ac^ 
cent,  if  possible,  upon  the /r</ syllable; 
and  in  four-syllable  words,  where  tlie 
first  is  long,  the  second  accent  is  upon 
the  penultimate  ^  and  such  is  the  pro- 
pensity to  abbreviation,  that  prosody  i« 
disregarded.  We  have  i^afii/,  tw^ 
long  syllables,  turned  into  «^j?jb/,  and 
i5mpensa/e,  three  long,  into  a  dactyl* 
campiiuiie.  We  have  known  tuccts* 
tor  and  confeuor  lo  bebothdactyjized. 
The  spondee  and  the  matauui  are  both 
altered  (if  it  be  possible),  and  the 
reason  was,  we  conceive,  reductioa  of 
exotic  words  to  the  Anglo-Saaon  a^ 
centnation,  there  being  in  that  lan- 
guage very  few  dissyllables,  which  are 
not  /rocA^f— a  poor  Iambic  loo  is 
docked  of  iu  first  syllahle,  'nan  for 


446 


R£viEw.-^Briuon^«  6louce$ier  Cathedral. 


IMa^ 


«nan.  We  have  rtot  gone  so  deeply  into 
the  suhject  as  to  be  able  to  illustrate  it 
by  a  series  of  details ;  but  this  wt 
know,  that  in  the  Anglo-Saxon  Die» 
tionarjr  there  is  scarcely  one  sinale 
word  in  which  we  are  not  naturally 
inolincd  to  accentuate  the  first  syllable, 
and  abbreviate  the  others. 

The  introduction  of  Greek,  Latin, 
and  French  words  has  changed  this 
accentuation  partially,  but  not  univer- 
sally ;  and  it  may  be  doubted  whether 
all  the  molessi  (three  long),  and  du- 
spondees  (four  long),  are  not  of  tnW/t- 
ftottf  origin,  chiefly  French.  £very 
body  knows  what  Horace  says  of  the 
•*  Norma  loquendi." 

One  avowal  in  this  book  we  do  not 
like.  It  is  ajprofession  of  exceeding 
Johnson  and  TV>dd.  Such  pretensions 
are  always  unfair.  Facile  est  addere 
invenlis.  If  Johnson,  Todd,  and  En- 
cyclopaedias had  not  previously  existed, 
this  book  could  never  have  been  writ- 
ten. The  man  who^r«<  made  a  watch, 
must  be  entitled  to  a  superior  estima- 
tion to  him  who  lias  improved  it,  be- 
cause he  mast  have  had  the  whole  of 
the  difficulty  to  surmount.  The  rest 
is  often  resolvable  into  Columbus's 
eggsiory. 

That  it  is  an  excellent  Dictionary  is 
unquestionable,  and  we  subjoin  the 
following  concise  view  of  its  preten- 
sions in  proof  of  our  opinion. 

1.'  Tne  vocabulary  is  greatly  en- 
larged, 1 2,000  words  naving  been  added 
to  Johnson.  2.  An  explanation  of  terms 
peculiar  to  American  laws  and  institu- 
tions, manners  and  customs.  3.  An 
explanation  of  technical  and  scientific 
terms,  according  to  the  existing  prin- 
ciples of  art  and  science  :  thereby  ren- 
dering the  Dictionary  a  perfect  ency^ 
clopedia  in  miniature.  4.  Definitions 
more  full,  precise,  and  correct,  and  the 

f>rincipal  synonyms  noticed.  5.  Regu- 
ar  systems  of  orthography  and  orthoepy, 
founded  on  the  justest  principles.  6, 
Etymological  researches,  often  carried 
to  threat  length,  and  extending  through 
various  lanauages.  Oriental  and  Euro- 
pean. 7.  -The  preliminary  Disserta- 
tion on  the  Origin,  History,  and  Con- 
nection of  the  Languages  of  Western 
Asia  and  of  Europe.  8.  An  entirely 
new  English  Grammar,  Philosophical 
and  Practical. 

The  work  will  be  completed  in 
twelve  parts,  two  of  which  are  now 
before  us ;  and  we  are  much  indebted 
to  its  able  editor  Mr.  Barker,  for  its 
republication  in  England. 


pm  Deseeni  hUo  HeO,  a  Poenu   Sio.  ff» 
898.     Miumy,  1830.     . 

.  THIS  poem  is  written  in  good  Mil* 
tonic  blank  verse ;  and  it  is  only  to  ba 
regretted  that  the  subject  it  ooe  (••  is 
not  uncommon  in  religions  poetry) 
which  demands  ideas  exceeding  pre- 
conception.    Nevertheless,    there  are 

J^rand  lines  and  happy  ideas,  e  -g.  the 
ollowing  concerning  the  darkneia  aC 
the  crucifixion  : 

*'  Strange  echoes  io  the  dreary  gloom  com* 

mence, 
Ancestral  agea  are  unsepttlchrcd, 
Old  oracles  awaken  from  suspense. 
The  lifc,  the  light  of  men  irdarfcatJ, 
Dark  is  the  lustre  of  the  sersphim.^— 
TkeffTirdUsUeni^lfftikehmoeMBmndmii 
Man  hath  tUUn  OoD^-^Oseftes  dm  wUk 

Him,  .   . 

Time  travels  no<— and  sfaee  aa  msn  sMimT. 

■  Such  ■  lines  (and  thertf  we  .'many 
such)  would  not  disgrace  even- Milton. 
But  we  must  reooniinend  lo  our  en* 
thor  cuUioaiion  of  iaiie,.  for  the  ¥iv* 

Sin*s  narrative  is  not  adapted  lo  poetiy. 
oseph's  detection  of  Mary*8  ptgniiry 
is  thus  unpoetically  deicnbca:  > 

'*A  blessed  burtheo  taeiisd  htomA  mj 

•  heart, 
By  my  espoused  lord  not  .nndiiearned.** 

A  **  protuberant  abdomen*^  is  not  a 
thing  fit  to  be  noticed,  bat  through  fi- 
gure. Shakspeare  himsdf  makes  but  a 
poor  business  of  his  deMriptioo  of  e 
pregnant  female. 


Britton's  History  and  AnHqmHu  eftke  Ab» 
bey  and  Cathedral  Church  rf"  Ghmeester. 
iiPlaUs.   4to.   1819.  LoagnaeandCo. 

«  THE  Church  of  Gloucester/' ob- 
serves Sir  H.  Enslefield,  iii  hiaeooount 
of  it,  published  by  the  Society  of  An- 
tiquaries, "  is  extremely  interesting, 
as  being  one  of  the  very  few  convene 
tual  edinces  of  the  hifthett  class  which 
escaped  the  havoc  of  the  diasolution. 
Its  rulers  appear  to  have  been  perpeto* 
ally  attentive  to  the  repair  and  dceon- 
tion  of  their  chorch,  and  to  have  eni* 
ployed  artists  of  singular  skill  and  abi» 
lities  at  e\'ery  period.  Hence  it  hap» 
pens  not  only  that  spectmena  of  almost 
every  variety  of  style  are  lb  be- found 
in  this  Church,  hot  that  theae.apeei* 
mens  are  very  perfect  in  tbeir  kind  | 
and  that  the  assemblage  of  the  wbol^ 
though  successivetj  erecied  diiring  a 
period  of  400  yean,  ia  gnnd  and  naN 
monious.  In  the  dificitni  aiyica  of 
our  architecture,  wbkb  it  cMiibiia^ 
singularities  are  to  be  (bund  not  met 


185U.] 


RjBViiw.— •Biitton*^  CloactMiir  (.'<ilAec/ra/. 


441 


with    in   ahy  other  Church  in    this 
•country,  and  perhaps  not  in  any  on  the 
Continent.'*  The  ju»tnets  of  the  above 
dcicription  will  be  acknowlcd;;ed  by  all 
who  inspect  with  attention  the  beauti- 
ful volume  now  before  us.     Its  embel- 
lishments are  of  the  highest  order  of 
merit,  and  for  the  most  engraved  by 
Mr.  J.  Le  Keux,  from  drawings   bv 
Messrs.  W.  fiartlett  and  H.  Anstecf. 
Auiong  the  exterior  vi^wi   are,    the 
western  froni^  the  south   porch,  the 
south- u'cat  sides  I  the  southern  tran- 
sept and  coirer;  the  cloisters:   at)d, 
amons  the  iBtcrior  ooet»  the  nave; 
tlie  oonh  transept ;  the  choir ;  the  lady     ""^J'  •»»«  «"»/  mkncim  ara  rtported  to 
chapel;  thecmi;  and  moaoment  of     hsv.  Ueo  wrouglit  u  hi.  giavs.    HwssUo 

—-,■'__  /  *    •  I  ■  mmm.    turn    mmtrm^mfm     tatti*  tnm   <*nnir.   «pitli  turn 

Edward  II.  {  betidea  numefous  other 
plates,  rather  of  an  architectural  than 


In  this  able  essay  the  litalory  of  the 
building  is  sketched  with  a  masterly 
hand.  We  have  read  the  whole  with 
great  pleasure,  but  have  room  only  for 
1  few  extracts. 

*'  Ooa  of  tb«  first  obJseU  thu  osught  the 
sye,  ss  it  rangsd  through  tht  body  of  the 
Churoh,  must  bavs  been  the  great  emcifia 
bstireta  the  navo  Aod  tho  choir.  Balbce  it 
stood  the  alUr  if  tkt  holy  croUf  at  whiofa, 
IB  aftar- tines,  the  hood  iad  beads  of  every 
■evIy-eUcted  beadsman  were  sulcmaly  eoa- 
stcrsted.  At  tlie  foot  of  this  altar,  in  1 9  7S(, 
Adam  de  Cluoelj,  n  monk  of  the  house,  in 
high  reputation  for  sanctity,  hsd  been  in- 


of  a  pietuiesque  character;  such 
plana,  sections,  comparUnenta»  monu- 
ments. Bee.  In  these  plates  accuracy 
of  measurement  and  faithful  delioea* 
tion  are  happily  combined  with  the 
tiiost  skilful  and  delicate  execution ; 
thus  displaying  to  the  highest  advan- 
tage all  the  architectural  characteristics 
of  this  far-famed  Cathedral. 

The  volume  is  dedicated  to  the  Earl 
of  Aberdeen,  whose  "  Inquiry  into  the 
Principles  of  Beauty  in  Grecian  Archi- 
tecture,'* manifests  not  only  much  par- 
tiality for  the  subject,  but  shows  a 
mind  qualified  to  appreciate  this  use- 
ful and  important  branch  of  the  fine 
arts. 

Mr.  Britton  has  been  fortunate  in 
thin  volume,  in  procuring  the  literary 
auistance  of  the  Rev.  John  Webb  and 
the  Rev.  John  Bishop.  ''They  are 
both  attached  to  the  Cnurch,  not  only 


wss  tlie  entrsnca 

aquara  slonepu/pU  ovtr  it^  comiiiaBdiB«  the 
nave.    The  whole,  with  the  roof-loft  and 
cnieifiK,  most  have  attraotad  immadiata  ob- 
■Bnratioo.*' — •<  Tha  palpit  was  danaolishad 
hi  1718,  to  make  room  for  tha  orgaai  and 
the  whole  of  the  baantiftil  screen,  with  its 
antraneas,  areb,  ohapal,  pillars,  and  oratory, 
was  rensovad  aiiout  1741.     [Tha  pfateat 
serttn  was  aiccted  from  tha  dmiga,  and  in 
a  great  measare  at  the  eost,  of  the  lata  Rev. 
Dr.  Griffith,  Head  of  University  College, 
Oxford,  and  prebendary  of  this  Cathadral. 
He  was,  moreover,  in  every  respect  tha  ar^ 
ehitect  of  it.   He  d'ted  In  1 82S,  soon  after  iu 
eompletioo,  lamented  as  an  amiable  man,  and 
a  taaloQs  promoter  of  this  species  of  Baglish 
architecture.]"—"  The  Charoh  was  riah  in 
plate,  and  eonsaeratcd  ntsosils,  vsstaseots, 
and  costlv  furnitore.  Tha  A^Aater,  in  par- 
ticular, had  a  silvar-gilt  cross,  and  a  set  of 
splendid  chalices  of  gold  and  silver,  silver 
duhes  and  oaadelabn,  ehaefly  tha  gifts  of 
Abbot  Horton.    Great  store  dP  votive  offer- 
ings of  precious  metals  and  Jewelleiy  was 
suspended  at  Edward  the  Second's  sKrine.'* 


prore«ionally.  but  l.y  ihe  .ympjlhy  of    ~:'  ""^.^'^""^  '"  H,]^^  ^?J~- 
'  .  -^  .       .  ..f  too  feeble  emblems  of   that  purer  lire  of 


citous  to  see  justice  done  to  am  edifice 
which   they  admire   and  revere,  thry 
hare  been  indefati»:able  in  searching 
for  and  communicating^  every  fact  they 
could  obtain."  To  the  former  of  these 
f^iitlcmen,  Mr.  Britton  is  indebted  fur 
a  most  luminous,  valuable,  and  well- 
wriltrn  essay,  **  in  which,  as  in  all  his 
other  writings,  he  has  manifested  the 
most  fastidious  attention  to  the  letter, 
and  the  most  refined  taste  in  appreciat- 
ing the  spirit  of  history."    This  essay 
on  the  Abbey  of  Glouccatcr  is  illus- 
trative of  ceruin  customs,  privileges, 
and  nMonen  of  the  monks  of  that 
htrase.    It  was  read  before  the  Society 
of  Antiqoariei,  and  elicited  the  warm- 
Ht  eomftieodation  of  that  learacd  body. 
Gbrt.  Mao.  Mcy,  IB30. 

8 


purer 

true  devotion,  which  will  be  keps  alive  in 
the  Chrittian  Church  universal,  till  time 
shall  be  no  more,  were  perpetoallj  baming  i 
and  in  the  thort-sigbted,  Iwt  pioosly  coo* 
ceived  intpiraiioos  of  the  founders,  were  to 
l>Hm  night  and  day  fir  ever" 

Mr.  Webb  then  gives  an  aeeouot  of 
the  diflerent  officers  of  the  mooasicry, 
such  as  the  Chief  Steward,  Under 
Steward,  Clerk  of  the  Treasury,  and 
Chief  Porter ;  lie  also  details  the  pecu- 
liarities of  the  leases,  and  describci  tb* 
Vineyard.  The  almsgiviap  aod  hoa- 
piulitiet  m  properly  ool  lorfolim. 

**  Tha  reasaias  of  those  who  oaa^pM 
this  suae  far  «aay  Veadifd  ysaM»  and  ihf 
vary  traghl  of  whose  whisfs  hare  ap« 


449 


Rbvibw.— Scott*!  Dream  of  DevorgoiL 


[■bf. 


pe«n  DOW  but  ■•  ■  dretm,  proclftim  to  at 
tbst  ihej  ought  not*  and  wUI  not  be  for- 
gotten. They  who,  in  black  Benedictine 
TettmentSy  trod  theie  hallowed  coartt,  have 
departed ;  their  procetsioni  and  images,  and 
lights,  and  altars,  have  disappeared ;  their 
long  peal  at  Prime  b  heard  no  more.  Their 
religious  ceremonies  have  been  succeeded  by 
a  purer  mode  of  worship  and  less  encnm  • 
bered  rites.  Yet  their  records,  and  Church, 
and  cloisters,  show  us  in  part  what  men  they 
were ;  how  wealthy  and  influential  in  their 
generation;  how  diligent  in  their  promotion 
of  certain  of  the  liberal  arts ;  how  studious, 
according  to  their  opinion,  of  employing  their 
best  efforts  in  raising  and  decorating  a  tem- 
ple to  the  honour  of  God.  And  should  the 
errors,  which  induced  their  downfitll,  never 
be  obliterated,  neither  will  some  portion  of 
their  deservings  ever  cease  to  be  had  in  re- 
membrance, while  that  tower  shall  lift  its 
head  above  the  vale,  which  for  so  many 
centuries  it  has  adorned.  There  lonf  may 
it  continue,  in  undiminished  beauty,  the  ad- 
miration of  the  traveller  and  of  the  anti- 
quary, an  indication  of  the  pious  feeling  and 
talent  of  ages  past,  and  a  model  of  archi- 
tectural propoition  and  elegance  for  many 
to  come. 

Mr.  Briltoirs  own  account  of  the 
Cathedral  is  drawn  up  with  neatness, 
and  with  every  attention  to  compress 
as  much  information  in  as  few  words 
as  possible;  to  select  and  exemplify 
prominent  facts,  in  biography  and  his- 
tory;  and  with  the  assistance  of  the 
plates,  all  the  architectural  varieties  and 
characteristics  of  the  building. 

The  preface  notices  a  personal  cala- 
mity that  happened  to  Mr.  Britton,  in 
the  autumn  ot  1826,  in  the  fracture  of 
his  right  leg,  at  Gloucester,  whilst  in 
the  prosecution  of  this  work.  Mr. 
Britton  gratefully  acknowledges  the  at- 
tentions shown  to  him  during  this 
trying  misfortune;  and  we  heartily 
rejoice  that  the  worthy  author  is  now 
again  in  high  health  and  spirits  to  pur- 
sue his  useful  and  beneficial  labours. 

The  Dream  of  Devorgoil,  a  Melodrama.  Aiid 
Auehindraney  or  the  Ayrshire  Tragedy. 
By  Sir  Walter  Scott,  BarL  Cadell  avd 
Co,  Edinburgh ;  Simpkin  and  Manliall, 
London, 

HOWEVER  depreciatioc  may  be 
the  character  bestowed  by  bir  Walter 
Scott  on  these  performances,  they  ap- 
pear to  us  every  way  worthy  of  his 
name.  Thev  may  not,  indeed,  be 
fitted  for  theatrical  representation; 
they  may  be  deficient  in  stage  effect ; 
but    ai  dpamatic  poems,    aoounding 


with  beautifol  imagery  and  poetic  M- 
ing  and  expression,  thej  are  the  off- 
spring of  that  pen  which  ao  happUy 
imitated  the  style  of  the  elder  drena- 
tisls,  in  those  striking  noltoea  prefiind 
to  manj  of  the  cbaplera  of  hta  inaKir- 
ul  fictions.    It  is  DOC  bj  4ntriceef  of 
plot,  nor  by  those  situatiooa  that  icH 
upon    the  stage,    that    these  dramas 
please ;  they  are  inde|iendeot  of  clap- 
traps and  coups  de  theatre;  hot  their 
great  charm  is  in  the  force  and  ▼ivaeity 
of  the  dialogue,  the  thoroiish  kneww. 
ledge  evinced  of  the  human  heart— -its 
disguises,    its  snbterfngesy    its  weak- 
nesses, the  serenity  of  its  afieedons; 
in  the  thousand  nameless  graces  that 
give  interest,  dignity,  and  effect  to  the 
trifles  even  of  Kenios ;  and  in  the  ele- 
vated strain  of   poetiy,    which   runs 
through  the  whole  volume.    As  lead- 
ing dramas  they  are  of  a  very  h^ 
order.     We  will  not  onrarel  the  intri- 
cacy of  the  plot,  nor  mar  the  interest 
which  every  reader    would   consider 
impaired    by  his   previous  admission 
into  the  secret.     We  will  select  a  few 
passages,  which  have  amxared  to  us 
as  striking  instances  of  those  beauties 
of  thought  or  expression  which   we 
have  pronounced  to  be  thickly  strewn 
throughout  the  pages. 

*<  Eleanor. — In  the  chill  damply  gpila  of 
poverty 
If  Lore's  lamp  go  not  oiit>  it 

palely. 
And  twinkles  in  the  socket. 
Flora — ^But  tender  nets  eaa 
Till  it  revive  again." 

'<  When  Grief  turns  leveller. 
Despair  is  cup-bearer." 

** All  men  bcg^ 

YooTioIdSar 
Begs  for  a  leaf  of  laurel,  aad  a  lias 
In  the  gazette.     He  brandishes  his  sword 
To  back  bb  suit,  and  is  a  sturdy  beggar. 
The  courtier  b^  a  ribbanc^  or  a  star. 
And,  like  our  gentler  mnmpera  is  provided 
With  false  certificates  of  health  and  Ibrtnaa 
Lost  in  the  public  service.     For  yonr  lover^ 
Who  begs  a  sigh,  a  smile,  a  lock  of  hafar, 
A  bnskin>poiot,  be  maunds  upon  the  pad. 
With  the  true  cant  of  pure  meadieilhr  I 
'  The  smallest  trifle  to  relieve  a  €hristian. 
And  if  it  like  your  ladyship.'-^ 
Your  man  of  merit,  too,  who  ssnes  the 

commonwealth. 
Nor  asks  for  a  requiul-^ 

Is  a  dumb  bcggv. 
And  lets  his  actions  speak  like  s^is  £»  l»»^j 
Challenging  double  guerdon*" 

The  following  gibe  is  ntteted  by  so 
old  soldier,  in  answer  to  ayoaogeroee. 


bat 


[hsrvrfl 
it  with 
p.  58. 


189a] 


RiviBW.— Scotl't  Dream  of  DevorgoiU 


443 


who  hat  bid  farewell  to  'tword,  po« 
niard,  petronel.' 

'*  What,  ha  ?  that  eoantar*oatting,  tmock* 
&cad  boy  ?  [dnadgt^ 

What  vat  he  but  the  Colonart  tcribbliog 
With  nea  of  •traw  to  ttuff  the  reciment 
roll  {  L'*defl» 

With  eipheringt  aajn«t  to  ehcat  hit  com- 
And  cloM  false  muttert  for  our  noble  cap- 
tain? 
He  bid  &rewell  to  sword  and  petronel ! 
lie  tliould  have  aaidf  &re»e!l  mj  pen  and 

•taadiah* 
Thete,  vith  the  roain  uted  to  hide  eratarea^ 
Wert  the  beat  friendt  he  left  in  camp  behind 
him."  p.  916, 

**  — —  Unreal  terrort  haunt. 
At  1  have  noted,  giddy  braiot  like  thine — 
Flighty,  poetic,  ud  imagioatiTe—      [tnre. 
To  whom  a  miottrel  whim  givet    idle  rap- 
And,  when  it  £kdeS|  fimtattic  misery." 

p.  t92. 

<'  ■         Thit  tame  despair, 
Thongh  thowing  retignation  on  itt  bannerj 
It  but  a  kind  orcovert  cowardice. 
Wite  men  have  taid,  that,  though  onr  ttars 

iodine. 
They  cannot  fbrce  nt.  Witdom  it  tlie  pilot* 
And  if  he  cannot  crott,  he  may  evade  tniem." 

p.  934. 

"  The  brightett  sleamt  of  hope 
That  tbbe  on  me,  are  toch  at  are  reflected 
From  thoee  which  thine  on  others.** 

p.  «49. 

**  Onr  mighty  Earl  fortakes  his  tea-wathed 

eaatle,  [hence } 

Patsee  onr  borders  some  four  miles  from 
And,  holding  it  unwholesome  to  be  fiuters 
Long  alier  sunrite,  lo !  the  Earl  and  train 
Ditmount,  to  rett  their  nags,  and  eat  their 

bieakfatt.  [•veetly, — 

The  morning  rose,  the  tmall  budt  caroH'd 
The  corkt  were  drawn,  the  patty  brookt  in- 

cition—  [with  laughter ; 

Hit  Lordthip  jetta— hit  train  are  choked 
When — woodrout  change  of  cheer,  and  most 

nolo<iked  for ! 
Strange  epilogue  to  bottle  and  baked  meatl 
Flash  d  from  the  greenwood  half  a  toore  of 

carbines;  [fi«t. 

And  the  good  Earl  of  GMsilis,  in  hit  break- 
Had  nooning— dinner— eupper— all  at  once. 
Even  in  the  morning  that  ha  dosed  hie 

jomrneyj 
And  the  grim  tcaton,  for  hia  chamberlain. 
Made  him  the  bed  which  reata  the  head  for 


ever. 


»» 


p.  960, 


PkiHp. 

**  Yet  thit  poor  caitiff  having  thmst  himsalf 
Into  the  secrets  of  a  noble  house. 
And  twined  himself  so  closely  with  oarsadty. 
That  wa  most  parish,  or  that  bt  most 


I  'II  hesitate  as  little  on  the  action, 
As  I  would  do  to  slay  the  animal 
Whote  fleth  supplies  my  diaaer.'* 

p.«84« 

Auehindrant, — '*  Tis  not,  my  soa«  tha 

feeling  called  remorse. 
That  now  lies  tugging  at  this  heart  of  mine, 
Engenderinff  thoughts  that  stop  the  lifted 

hand.  [thunders 

Have  I  not  heard  John  Knox  pour  forth  hla 
Against  the  oppressor  and  the  man  of  bloody 
In  accents  of  a  minister  of  vengeance  ? 
Were  not  his  6ery  eyeballs  turned  on  ma 
As  if  he  said  expressly—'  Thou'rt  the  asaa^ 
Yet  did  my  solid  purpose,  as  I  listened. 
Remain  unshsken  as  that  massive  rock.'* 

p.  995. 

Gmniry, 
**  Alas !   the  wealthy  and  the  powerful 

know  not  [la't. 

How  very  dear  to  thoee  who  have  least  share 
Is  that  sweet  word  of  Country !    The  poor 

Exile 
Feels,  in  each  action  of  the  varied  day. 
Hit  doom  of  banithment.    The  very  air 
Coolt  not  hit  brow  at  in  his  native  landi 
The  scene  *is  strange,  the  food  is  loathly  to 

him  I 
The  langoace,  nay  the  music  Jars  hia  ear. 
Why  should  I— guiltless  of  the  slightest 

crime- 
Suffer  a  punishment  which,  sparine  life, 
Deprif  as  that  lift  of  all  that  men  hoM  dear  ?** 

p.  809* 

These  are  pattiget  that  recoinmeod 
themsclvea.  The  Ayrshire  Tragedy  is 
a  drama  of  verY  powerful  interest  ^  and 
the  volume,  tnouifh  it  cannot  add  lo 
the  reputation  of  Sir  Walter  Scolt,  .will 
not  detract  a  tittle  from  his  fame.  Th« 
laurels  he  has  earned  are  too  rich,  in* 
deed,  and  luxuriant,  for  another  sprig 
to  be  nerceived^-somethinc  of  Pamas* 
sian  dew  may,  however,  oe  required 
occasionally  to  keep  them  greeu— and 
this  the  unpreicndinjK  Yolume  we  hare 
now  noticed,  will  eflect. 


We  much  regret,  that  the  vary  raoanl 
publication  of  the  Rev.  W.  L.  BowLsa' 
*<  Address  "  to  Xiord  Mouatcashel,  entitled, 
<*  A  Ward  «m  Cuikednl  Onioriot  tm4 
Clergy  Biagutratei^*'  shonldpravoatnsfhMi 
noticing  it  as  it  dssarras.  B«t  era  caanot 
resist  the  observation  that,  if  the  deep  la* 
terest  of  the  snbjeet  daima  the  stftnlioa 
of  the  public  to  ita  pages,  the  vigorona 
manner  m  which  that  aalject  ia  treated,  adds 
another  wrsath  to  the  chaplet  of  our  aiaJahla 
poet,  as  the  able  advocate  of  the  ehmali  | 
of  genuine  piaty;  and  of  good  old  English 
ooianoii 


[     444     ] 
FINE    ARTS. 


[Mwfi 


ROYAL  ACADEMY. 

Mttjf  3.  The  annual  Exhibition  was  this 
day  opened  to  the  public.  The  collection) 
as  a  whole,  is  highly  crediuble  to  the  talents 
of  British  artists,  and  to  the  spirit  of  the 
nation  which  has  produced  it }  though,  at 
the  same  time,  we  cannot  say  that  it  sur- 
passes, if  indeed  it  equals,  some  of  the  pre- 
ceding Exhibitions.  There  is  rather  a  de- 
ficiency of  historical  pictures,  which  in  some 
degree  lessens  the  interest  that  visitors  in 
general  feel  for  that  sttle  of  art.  Oar  fa- 
vourites Etty  and  Wilkle  have,  indeed, 
conduced  more  than  any  other  artists  to  the 
splendour  of  this  year's  Exhibition,  and 
consequently  to  the  gratification  of  tlie 
public.  Notwithstanding,  we  regret  to  say 
that  there  is  not  one  historical  coro))dsition 
in  the  collection,  which  shines,  **  veiut 
inter  ignes  luna  minores,"  conspicuous  above 
the  rest,  or  which  is  pre-eminently  distin- 
guished for  the  sublime  and  towering  aspi- 
rations of  lofty  genius  and  poetic  daring.  In 
this  respect  the  Exhibition  may  be  said  to 
fall  short  of  some  of  its  predecessors. 

There  is  a  great  number  of  landscapes, 
and  many  of  them  give  unquestionable  proofs 
of  proficiency  and  talent.  There  are  also 
some  interesting  paintines  of  animals,  in 
the  execution  of  which  Mr.  Cooper  shines 
pre-eminent. 

.There  is  the  usual  number  of  portraits ; 
the  most  important  and  interesting  of  which 
are  from  the  pencils  of  the  late  lamented  Sir 
Thomas  Lawrence,  and  the  President,  Mr. 
Shee.  Sir  Thomas's  portraits  of  Lady  Bel- 
fatl,  the  Archbishop  of  Armagh,  the  Earl  of 
Aberdeen,  Thomas  Moore,  esq.  and  Miss 
Fry^  although  the  concomitants  of  the 
pictures  are  partly  unfinished,  are  delightful 
specimens  of  unrivalled  genius.  Of  four 
portraits  by  Sir  Wm.  Beechey,  that  of  His 
Grace  the  Duke  qf  Somerset  is  the  most 
striking.  General  Sir  Hew  DalrympU  and 
the  Marquess  of  Chandos,  are  excellent  spe- 
cimens of  Mr.  Jackson's  talents ;  as  are 
the  Earl  of  Surrey,  the  Duke  of  Norfolk, 
and  Mr.  Lockhart,  of  those  of  Mr.  Pickers- 
gill.  There  are  manv  other  clever  portraits 
in  the  room,  firom  the  pencils  of  Messrs. 
Ramsay,  R.  T.  Bone,  S.  W.  Reynolds,  Cin- 
nell,  Faulkner,  Wyatt,  Hurlstone,  Say, 
Davis,  Tannock,  Partridge,  Clint,  Reinagle, 
Simpson,  Briggs,  Lane,  Thompson,  Lons- 
dale, 6cc. 

The  miniatures  are  in  great  abundance — 
Indeed  almost  to  repletion ;  and  some  of 
them  are  gems  of  modem  art. 

We  shall  now  proceed  to  notice  some  of 
those  compositions  which  most  prominently 
attracted  our  attention;  but  onr  confined 
limits  necessarily  compel  us  to  be  brief. 

ORBAT  ROOM. 

No.  7.  Pilate  flashing  his  Htmds,  J.M. 
W.  Turner.— The  subject  is  from  1 7th  chap. 


of  St.  Matthew,  v.  94.  It  is  a  fortunate 
circumstance  for  Mr.  Turner  that  hn  iiaiM* 
has  been  already  established,  otherwise  thia 
<<  rudis  indigestaque  moles,"  this  monstroui 
production,  would  have  been  suffident  to 
blight  his  fair  fiime.  His  object  has  evidently 
been  to  give  boldness  and  originality  of  style, 
and  to  throw  up  his  fbregrounci  with  a 
fullness  of  pencil  which  no  other  artist 
would  dare  to  attempt.  In  hh  intended 
objects  he  has  utterly  failed  ;  his  grouping 
presents  chaotic  masses;  his  colonring  ia 
dauby  ;  and  Filate  appears  indistinctly  in  the 
distance,  like  Punch  in  a  puppet-shew.  The 
whole  has  a  most  execrable  and  ludicroua 
effect,  both  in  design  and  colouring. 

19.  DeU  Scene.  J.  Constable.-^ A  view 
in  the  park  of  the  Countess  of  Dysart,  ak 
Halmingham,  Suffolk.  It  is  a  pleasantly 
romantic  and  picturesque  subject,  though 
there  is  much  hardness  tad  scratchiness  in' 
the  execution. 

94.  Portrait  qf  the  Countess  of  Jersey. 
The  Baron  Gerard. — ^The  artist  w  a  foreigner,' 
who  evinces  great  skill  and  taste;  and 
though  there  is  a  coldness  in  the  coltiuring 
which  some  would  condemn,  when  compared 
with  the  surrounding  pictures,  we  cannot' 
but  express  our  admiration,  at  the  judgmeni 
the  artist  has  displayed. 

37.  The  Storm,  by  W.  Etty,  from  Paalm 
xxii.  is  a  sad  failure. 

88.  A  Roman  Begf^ar  Wmaii  and  her 
Child,  by  Williams,  is  an  intiereatbg  little 
picture. 

40.  Psyche,  from  the  French  traaslatiott 
of  Anuleius,  by  A.  J.  Oliver,  ia  pretty ;  and 
the  darksome  clouds  and  n^xiors  from  whieK 
she  ascends,  in  leaving  the  infernal  realme, 
are  finely  contrasted  with  her  lovely  and 
aerial  form. 

58.  The  Fall  of  Phaetmu  J.  Ward.-^ 
The  subject,  which  abooU  be  aerioos,' 
borders  too  much  on  the  barleaque.  The 
winged  coursers  of  the  sun,  Pyroeb,  £ous, 
iEthon,  and  Phlegon,  appear  in  a  Indicroua 
plight,  ctmsidering  that  they  were  of  ethe« 
rial  creation,  and  not  subject,  like  terrestrial 
animals,  to  the  common  laws  of  trravitttion* 
The  composition  is  certainly  ue  artbt'a 
invention ;  it  is  not  Ovid'a  story  of  Phaeton. 

66.  Gil  Bias  discovering  himuifto  Cb* 
milla,  M.  A.  Shee,  jun. — A  pleadng  nd 
well  expressed  representation  of  a  leene  m 
vol.  i.  p.  1 10,  of  Smollet's  Oil  Blaa.  Ca- 
milla is  lying  in  bed,  in  a  atata  of  greae 
alarm,  as  Oil  Bias,  whose  credulity  she- had 
imposed  npou,  is  discovering  hinuelt  Be- 
hind appears  the  Alguazil  and  his  attendants 
to  apprehend  her.  The  expreeaioii  of  eeoh 
countenance  is  admirable.  The  whole  com- 
position indeed  is  highly  crediteble  to  thb 
young  artist. 

68.  PortraUqfKing  George  IK  Wilkie. 
—Portrait-painting  is    not    exactly  ittited 


1830.3 


Fiiu  Jrti^Ropal  Academy. 


A4i 


to  ike  gnlot  of  Wilki«.  Hit  tnmotfld«a» 
•xcellenciet  in  a  peenlkr  IdM  induee  nt  to 
oxpecl  porfectioD  ia  otlMr  dmrtmeatt  of 
art ;  and  »h«o  lit  £iUt  tbort  or  it,  we  cmi- 
not  but  (—\  MMiie  little  diMppoiotmeBt ; 
thus  it  it  with  the  production  before  m, 
which  it  scarcely  worthy  of  the  great  skill 
and  geoint  of  tkie  emineot  artist.  Hit  Ma- 
jetty  it  here  rapreaented  la  the  Highland 
drest  of  the  roval  tarun,  ia  which  he  held 
his  court  ia  Holyrood  House  on  the  1 7th  of 
Aag.  I8<t.  There  are  several  iaaccoraeiet 
in  the  details  of  the  coetiMae,  that  aiay  ap- 
pear imaiaterial  to  geaeral  obtenrert,  bat  to 
which  tooM  hopoftaaee  ia  attached  by  thoee 
who  take  aa  interett  in  this  pietaresqoe 
garbw  His  Mijeety  appeara  to  hare  but  two 
eagle's  fsathert,  whereat  the  badge  of  a 
ehief  ooatitct  of  tliree,  aad  both  pittola 
oaght  to  be  carried  oo  the  left  side,  the 
plMO  occupied  by  that  oo  the  r'ight  being 
appropriated  for  the  cartouche  bo«.  The 
rather  aoutoal  arraagenent  of  the  plaid  it 
probably  detigaed  lor  pictorial  efect.  The 
tword-belt  appeara  too  thort  t  but  at  we  are 
oaly  deairoot  of  preventiag  the  portrait  ia  itt 
preteat  ttate  from  being  cootidered  at  au- 
thority (or  the  drett,  we  with  to  avoid  the 
appearance  of  eriticisiag  a  work  of  art 
which,  ia  tOMe  rttpecu,  poetettct  cootider- 
able  nMrit. 

73.  Lamma,  by  Shoe,  it  a  pleating 
compotitioa,  but  her  beauty  cerUinly  falU 
short  of  the  detcriptioa  given  bj  Thornton. 

•0.      Afay  Morning.     H.  Howard. — A 
brilliant  oompotitioa,   replete   with  poetic 
fisacy  aad  vivid  colouring.     It  it  taken  from 
Milton 't  lioet, 
"  Hail,  booateoot  May !  that  dott  iatpirt 

Mirth,  aad  youth,  and  warm  detire. 

Thut  we  talute  thee  with  our  early  toag.*' 

98.  Shaksptare,  a  tcene  from  Midtum- 
mer  Night't  Dream,  Act  v.  by  the  tame 
artist,  it  a  sweet  painting,  which  is  exacuted 
with  much  delicacy  and  finish  of  pencil. 

99.  Una  delivering  the  Red  Crou  Knighi 
from  the  Catfe  qf  Detpair.  C.  L.  Eattlsle. 
— A  tceae  from  Speater't  Faery  QueeB» 
book  i.  9.  The  compotitioa  it  tolerably 
well  coocelved,  but  the  coloariag  it  too 
uaequally  vivid.  The  gorceoot  tiatt  require 
mellowiog,  and  the  general  tone  of  the  pic- 
ture toAeaiag  down. 

194.  Juiik.  W.  Etty.— A  tpUadid 
and  highly  wrooght  paiotiag,  which  de- 
servedly oconpiet  tlie  Boet  peemiaeat  titaa- 
tioa  ia  the  priadpal  roon.  It  wat  under- 
taken by  order  of^the  Seoitiah  Academy  of 
Pine  Artt  in  Ediaborgh.  The  ^r  Itraelite 
it  repreteated  aa  beiag  ia  the  act  of  deliver- 
iag  the  bleediag  head  of  Holofrraet  to  her 
mmd,  who,  ia  a  kneeling  actitadcy  ia  ra- 
eehring  it  bto  her  beg  of  nMoL  The  paltid 
and  tremoloot  aapeei  of  the  ktler  it  admir- 
ablv  contraated  with  the  teciet  pleaaan 
which  it  pourtrayed  in  her  ooonteaanM. 
The  figwea  of  the  tlttpi^  gwidi  art  akil- 


fully  daelgoed,  aad  tht  warlSct  aetnt  In  tba 
dittanee  it  well  iotrodueed. 

135.     His   Mqjetiy  Cfeorgt  the  Fourth 
received  by  the  NoHee  ami  Peifie  efSeotUmdp 
upon  his  entrance  to  the  Palace  e/*  Holyrood 
Mouse,  OR  Ike  Ibthrf^ug,  IBM.     Wilkle. 
— Th'it  it  ia  WUk'ie*t  beat  ttyle,  aad  the 
wliole  compotitioo  b  worthy  of  Lb  great 
talentt.    Ine  character!  in  the  foreground 
are  evidently  real  portraitt,  and  oo    that 
account  the   paiatine  potsettet  additSoaal 
iaterett  aad  value,     la  the  priacipal  station 
of  the  pietare    it  repreteated  the   Kiogy 
aeeompaaied  by  a  Page  aad  the  Exoa  of  tna 
Yeookoa  of  the  Ouard^  with  hortemea  be- 
hind, aaaouacing  by  louad  of  trumpet  lo 
all  raakt  of  hit  evpectiog  taUecte  tae  ar- 
rival of  the  Roval  Vititor  to  the  Pblace  of 
hu  aacettors.     In  firont  of  his  Majesty  the 
Duke  of  Hamilton,  first  Peer  of  Scotlaod, 
in  the  plaid  of  the  Earls  of  Arraa,  is  pre- 
seatiag  the  kevs  of  the  Palace,  of  which  he 
is  hermlitary  Keeper ;  oa  the  right  of  tha 
King  is  the  Duke  of  Montroee,  Lord  Cham* 
beriaia,  pointing  towards  the  entrance  of. 
the  Palace,  where  is  stationed  the  Duke  of 
Argyll,  ia  the  eoetame  of  M*Callum  More» 
aa  nereditary   Keeper  of  the  HouaehoMr 
behind  him  is  toe  crown  of  Robert  tha 
Bruce,  supported  by  Sir  Alexaader  Keitfi^ 
hereditary  ICniffht- Marshall,    atteaded  by 
his  Esquires  with  the  sceptre  and  sword 
of  state ;  near  him  is  earned  the  maee  of 
the  Exchequer,  aacieatly  the  Chaacellor'a 
mace  when  Scotland  was  a  separate  kiog- 
dom.    Oa  the  hh  of  the  picture,  ia  the 
dress  of  the  Royal  Archen,  who  served  aa 
the  Kiag*t  Bodv  Guordt,  it  the  kte  Earl  of 
Hopetoua ;  aad  clote  to  him,  ia  the  cha- 
racter of  hittoriaa,  or  bard,  n  Sir  Walter 
Scott.    These  are  acoompaaled  by  a  varied 
crowd,  amoog  whom  are  some  lemalet  ami 
children,  pretalng  forward  with  eagemett  to 
tee  and  to  welcome  their  Sovereign  upon 
this  Joyous  and  oMiaorable  occaaion* 

135.  Fenui  rutf^g  Jrom  ker  Couek^  hji 
J.  Ward,  possesses  not  one  rtdeemiag  w* 
tue  to  atooe  for  itt  iodelieaey.  The  drM*^ 
lag  b  bady  aad  the  coUmriag  tatteleaa. 

144.  Skylock  and  Jemca,  O.  S.  New-* 
too.— The  well-known  foene  from  the  Mer- 
chant of  Venioa : 

*'  Jessica,  my  girl,  there  ara  my  keya  ; 
Look  to  my  house." 
The  keea  and  penetrating  look  of  tha  Ma- 
tiooa  Israelite  b  finely  delineated  i  aiidthn 
modea  archnett  of  hbpretty  dawhtar  eauM 
not  be  torpeeeed.  The  aaloariag  of  tha 
pietare  b  in  del%htfti]  katpbg  with  tiM 
competition. 

164.    (SioMw.    H.  Howard.— Aa  olla- 
gorical  tcene  from  Milton's  Comoa  : 
«  The  Water-Njmpha  that  ia  tha  bottaoi 

Held  up  their  pearled  wrieta  aad  took  her 
Bcariag  her  itfakht  to  Mad  Ntran* 
•      hJl/' 


446 


Fine  Jrls — Royal  Academy, 


[May, 


The  figures  are  prettily  imagined  t  the  suh- 
ject  is  poetically  treated,  and  the  colouring 
is  a  specimen  of  sweetness  and  beauty. 

16'3.  The  Bower  of  Dianat  hy  Stothard, 
is  mediocre  both  in  design  and  colouring. 

172.  A  brisk  Gale,  by  Callcott>  repre- 
sents a  Dutch  East  Indiaman  landing  pas- 
sengers. The  distant  sea  view  is  charmingly 
given y  and  the  fore-part  of  the  picture  pre- 
sents all  the  reality  of  a  sandy  beach  covered 
with  muddled  water. 

181.  Palestina,  J.  M.  W.  Turner.— A 
splendid  composition,  executed  in  the  artist's 
best  manner.  Grandeur  and  sublimity  are 
its  characteristic  features  ;  though  the  glare 
and  vividness  of  colouring,  in  some  instances, 
rather  outstrip  the  sober  modesty  of  nature, 
even  making  every  allowance  for  the  gay 
tints  of  an  Italian  sky.  Palestina  occupies 
the  site  of  the  ancient  Preeneste,  about 
twenty  miles  from  Rome, — **  a  mural  high- 
crowned  rock  where  of  old  the  Cartna- 
ginlan  stood,  and  marked,  with  eagle  eye, 
Rome  as  his  victim." 

192.  Scene  from  the  Red  R(/ver,  by  W. 
Dauielli  is  the  original  picture  of  a  ]>rint 
which  has  for  some  time  past  been  known 
to  the  public.  The  appalling  perpendicular 
position  of  the  boat  which  contains  the 
hapless  crew,  caused  bv  the  sinking  wreck, — 
tlie  awful  sublimity  of  the  regurgitating  and 
foaming  vortex,  and  the  scowling  aspect  of 
surrounding  nature, — all  contribute  to  ren- 
der this  painting  worthy  of  the  artist's 
genius. 

1.97.  The  Orphans.  J.  Wood.— This 
charming  production  may  justly  rank  among 
the  gems  of  the  Exhibition.  It  speaks  with 
silent  eloquence  to  the  heart  and  feelings  of 
the  spectator.  The  very  tears  of  the  **  poor 
desolate  ones,"  appear  as  if  exuding  from 
the  canvass, 

<<  The  blight  of  winter  hath  come  o'er 
their  spring." 

By  sympathetic  effect  on  *'  the  nerve  where 
agonies  are  born,"  we  feel  the  tear  insensibly 
starting  from  our  own  eyes  as  we  con- 
template their  forlorn  condition.  Tlie  force 
and  eloquence  of  nature  may  be  said  to 
breathe  on  the  canvass. 

207.  Portrait  of  the  Mayor  of  Liverpool j 
by  J.  Lonsdale,  is  worthy  of  its  prominent 
situation.  It  is  highly  crediuble  to  the 
artist. 

208.  Shipivrecked  Mariners,  S.  Drum- 
mond. — A  representation  of  the  Santissima 
Trinidada,  some  of  the  crew  of  which  were 
saved  by  the  English  after  the  victory  of 
Trafalgar.  There  is  much  boldness  of  de- 
sign and  colouring. 

SCHOOL   OF   PAINTING. 

No.  2 1 8.  Yorick  and  the  Grisselte,  by  G. 
S.  Newton,  is  a  very  pleasing  little  picture. 
The  subject  is  taken  from  Sterne's  Senti- 
mental Journey.  The  sensual  looking  Yorick 
is  represented  as  purchasing  a  pair  of  gloves. 


and  the  modest- looking  Grissette  it  meuiir'* 
ing  them  across  his  hand. 

22b\  Jessica.  J.  M.  W.  Turner.^ — ^A 
scene  from  the  Merchant  of  Venice  : 

Shylock,   Jessica,   shut  the    wlodov,  I 
say. 

This  daub  Is  a  fitting  companion  for*'  Pilate 
Washing  his  Hands,"  No.  7,  by  the  tame 
artist,  of  which  we  have  already  spoken. 

233.  A  ContaMna  Fanuty  reluming 
frorr,  a  Festay  prisoners  tvilk  bandUH,  £. 
L.  Eastlake. — The  story  of  this  much  ad- 
mired composition  is  thus  told  in  the  Cata- 
logue. It  is  taken  from  tome  MS.  notet  of 
Italian  stories  : 

'<  They  were  dressed  in  their  gala  cot- 
tume;  a  tambourine  hung  on  the  caparitoncd 
ass,  and  Gaetano  had  ornamented  hit  hat 
with  one  of  the  little  pictnret  of  the  Ma- 
donna, which  are  distributed  at  her  fettival. 
As  no  ransom  could  be  expected  from  pea- 
sants, who  were  scarcely  worth  robbings 
the  banditti  generally  kept  auch  pritonera 
only  till  the  station  was  abandoned  tor  a  new 
one,  in  order  that  no  intelligence  of  their 
movements  might  transpire.  Bat  in  the 
present  case  the  youth  and  beauty  of  Theresa 
filled  her  parents  with  agonizing  apprehen- 
sions; the  glances  of  the  brigand  who 
guarded  them,  though  he  appeared  lata 
ferocious  than  hit  companiont»  were  too 
often  directed  towards  toe  thriakiog  girl, 
even  for  hit  office  of  tentinel  to  be  well 
performed,  while  the  deep  caroute  of  the 
rest  of  the  band  teemed  to  promite  little 
interference  of  reason  or  humanity.  The 
only  ho[;e  of  the  captives  wat,  tliat  while 
the  same  position  that  continoed  to  be  oc- 
cupied, a  well-known  spot  from  the  circnm- 
stance  of  a  print  of  the  Madonna  being  stock 
on  a  tree,  those  who  had  witnetted  their 
disaster,  and  had  escaped  in  time*  would  be 
enabled  to  send  the  toldiertj  quartered  at 
Rome,  to  their  assistance.*' 

The  most  expressive  character  in  the  group 
is  the  brigand  who  acts  at  guard.  Th»  girl 
appears  too  yoiug,  and  is  scarcely  pretty 
enough  to  answer  the  above  dctcriptiony  or 
excite  alarm  for  her  virtue.  The  bird*t-oye 
view  of  the  toldiert  patting  through  tne 
rocks,  is  extremely  picturesque,  and  the 
distant  effect  it  tkllfully  produced. 

238.  A  scene  in  the  Jarce  qf  LpvCf  Lawt 
and  Physic,  G.  Clint. — ^Thit  U  a  truly  hu- 
mourous caricature,  containing  real  por- 
traits of  Matthews,  liston,  and  Blanchard. 

263.  La  Rose  d^ Amour,  H.  Lane.^A 
beautiful  painting ;  but  the  naked  figure  of 
the  female  it  too  indelicate. 

283.  The  Discovery  of  EseulapiuM,  R. 
Evans. — ^A  truly  classical  compotition,  which 
has  embodied  on  canvass  the  ancient  &ble  that 
"  Esculapius,  when  a  child,  wat  expoaed  on 
the  mountains  near  Epidaurut;  a  goat  of 
the  fiock  of  Aresthanut  gave  him  her  milk; 
and  the  dog  who  kept  the  fl^ck  stood  hj  la 


1880.] 


Fine  JrU. 


447 


prottct  him  from  iojury."  The  goatlMnl, 
who  dbeoverad  Um  infimt,  it  reprMeotcd  as 
CAUtioosly  appraaching  on  bended  knee  to 
the  sweet  little  ionocent,  who  it  eagerly 
tuclcing  tlie  full  teat  of  a  beautiful  and  roeek- 
eyed  goat,  and  quite  unconscious  of  the  danger 
to  which  it  is  exposed  from  the  proximity  of 
a  snake  creeping  in  the  grass.  The  sur- 
rounding scenery  it  6nely  emblematic  of 
classic  rusticity,  and  the  whole  b  distin- 
guished by  a  richness  of  colouring  suitable 
to  the  subject. 

284.  Mmmt  St.  Michael,  Comtcall,  by 
Stanfield,  is  given  with  a  wildly  romantic 
effect,  for  whicli  this  artist  is  so  distinguished. 

898.  The  Boar  of  Ardenne.  E.  de  la 
Croix. — ^Tbt  subject  of  this  paiotiog  is 
taken  firom  a  scene  in  Sir  W.  Scott's  Queotin 
Durward.  William  de  la  Marck,  surnamed 
the  Boar  of  Ardenne,  at  the  head  of  a  band  of 
partizans,  takes  possession  of  the  castle  of 
the  Bishop  of  Liege.  De  la  Marck,  in  the 
midst  of  a  banauet,  causes  the  Bishcip  to  be 
brought  before  him  dressed  in  his  pontificals, 
and  commands  hie  assassination.  The  story 
is  well  toM  by  the  artist.  Tlie  savage  and 
exulting  aspects  of  tlie  barbarous  assassins, 
are  admirably  contrasted  with  the  trembling 
but  placid  features  of  their  miserable  victim. 
The  colouring  is  bold  and  massy. 

341.  Mactelh,  act  iv.'«c.  1.  J.  H. 
Nixon.— Magnificent  in  conception  (allow- 
ing for  the  credulous  prejudices  of  the  day 
when  Shakspeare  wrote),  and  brilliant  in 
colouring. 

ANTI-ROOM. 

336.  lVtb«r*»  Overture  to  OLeron^  by 
F.  Howard,  is  an  attempt  to  excite  by  the 
eye  the  same  ideas  as  those  excited  by  the 
ear  in  music.  It  is  a  complete  fairy  scene, 
and  prettily  romantic. 

370.  Hermione,  MamiUius,  and  Ladies, 
H.  P.  Bone.— A  scene  from  the  Winter's 
Tale,  act  ii.  sc.  I .  which  is  remarkably  well 
described  on  the  canvass. 

375.  The  Guerilla's  return  to  hit  Family, 
by  Wilkie,  b  the  concluding  subject  of  a 
series  of  four  pictures  representing  scenes 
characteristie  of  the  evenu  of  the  late  war 
in  Spain.  It  is  worthy  of  the  pencil  of  tliis 
distinguished  artist. 

AKTIQUB  ACADKMY. 

44  8.  Abraham  and  Isaac  in  thanksgiving 
for  the  deliveranee  from  the  Sacrifce,  J. 
King. — The  subject  ia  boldly  conceived,  and 
the  figures  finely  drawn ;  but  their  com- 
plexions are  too  mir  to  be  truly  characteristic 
of  the  swarthy  residents  of  the  East.  The 
cast  of  countenance  b  not  sufficiently 
Israelitish. 

57<.  Fiew  of  the  Eddystone  Light-  hmite. 
H.  Parke. — ^The  perspective  is  judiciously 
managed.  The  foreground  b  well  brought 
forward,  and  the  dbtanee  deverlv  thrown 
back.  The  rocki  are  lepretentecl  as  they 
appear  an  hour  before  low  wftter.    In  tbt 


foreground  is  teen  the  Eddystone  Tender 
carrying  stores  to  the  hoase.  The  colnur* 
ing  throughout  b  natural. 

LltRAKY. 

This  apartment  contains  manv  beautiful 
models  and  designs ;  but  some  or  the  latter 
are  two  visionary  to  require  serious  notice } 
for  instance.  No.  1018,  is  a  BinVs-eye  view 
qfa  design  for  a  Metropolitan  Palace,  by  G. 
J.  Robinson,  which  is  liable  to  the  same 
objection  as  that  which  the  description 
brings  against  other  speculative  schemes^ 
viz.  *'  an  attempt  to  design  a  building  suf> 
ficiently  splendid  for  a  mjal  residence,  with- 
out verging  iuto  such  vbionary  extravagance 
as  to  preclude  its  erection."  The  most  in* 
teresting  drawing  in  this  room  is  No.  1 079. 
It  consbts  of  comparative  views  of  tlie  west 
fronts  of  the  Cathedral  of  Salisbury,  St. 
Paul's,  London,  St.  Peter's,  Rome,  and  the 
great  Pyramid  of  Egypt.  Thev  an  drawn 
geometrimlly  to  a  scale,  one  being  placed 
over  the  other;  the  Pyramid  bemg  the 
largest  and  highest  pile,  b  the  hindmoet» 
while  Salisbury  Githedral  is  in  the  front. 
Tlie  architectural  outlines  of  each  structure 
are  distinguished  by  their  difierent  degreea 
of  shade. 

Diorama  and  Physiorama,  Oxford- ' 

STREET. 

The  Royal  Bazaar,  in  Oxford-street,  at 
which  the  above  Exhibitions  are  now  to  ht 
seen,  has  lately  become  a  place  of  moe( 
fashionable  resort,  having  arisen  from  it* 
ashes  with  renovated  splendor. 

The  Diorama  consists  of  four  views.  Dut» 
ham  Cathedral  and  the  Thames  Tunnel  are  in 
admirable  perspective,  the  music  accom* 
Denying  the  former  materially  adding  to  thn 
illusive  effect.  The  Pass  (Hf  Brian^  b  a 
bold  and  imposing  scene  j  and  the  Fiew  in 
feniee  b  a  gorgeous  dbplay  of  pictorial 
beauty  {  but  we  cannot  say  that  the  diora* 
mic  effect  b  sufficiently  strong  to  lead  thn 
spectator  to  suppose  that  it  is  any  tliinc 
more  than  a  mere  painting.  Tlie  machi- 
nery of  thb  Diorama  dithn  from  that  in 
Regent's  Park,  inasmuch  as  th^re  is  no 
peripherical  motion,  the  pictures  themselvee 
oeing  moved  on  and  off  by  the  aid  of  rollers; 
and  wooden  screens  intervene  between  them 
and  the  specutors  during  each  cliange,  Tbt 
screens  are  contrived  sons  to  close  oentrallyy 
two  meeting  vertically^  and  twn  horizon- 
tally. 

The  Physiorama  consbts  of  fourteen  vmwi  ; 
but  the  name  conveys  no  idea  of  the  natnre 
of  the  exhibition ;  for  Henry  the  Seventh's 
Chapel,  SL  Mary's  Abbey,  York,  BeUhaxmr^e 
Feast,  and  Edinburgh,  have  nothing  to  db 
m\\\\  yieu3s  <J  Naiure,  which  the  abov*  dn- 
signatioo  impliee.  But  it  so  happeoi  that 
high-toondins  names  are  frMoently  adopted 
withool  the  leaet  reaeoo.  Now  we  thonld 
ncommeod^  ad  caplmdum  valgus,  tnch  n 


448 


Literary  and  Scientific  Intelligence. 


[Ma^ 


change  la  the  iuime»  as  would  be  quite  ap- 
propriate, and  be  understood  by  all  the  li- 
terati in  Europe,  viz.  Diathnrixographiorama, 
which  in  the  Greek  means  **  Peeping  at  a 
picture  through  a  window  ;"  and  this  would 
be  a  complete  explanation  of  the  whole  art 


and '  mystery  of  what  is  ealFed.  the  Pk^tio* 
rama ;  for  some  of  the  views  are  littla  faitttr 
in  e£Rect  than  the  pretty  jrieturei  exhibited 
by  travelling  showmen,  for  the  i 
of  children,  at  a  hal^nny  each. 


LITERARY  AND  SCIENTIFIC  INTELLIGENCE. 


Just  Published^  or  nearly  Ready, 

The  second  edition,  with  many  additions 
and  alterations,  of  The  History  of  the  Bat- 
tle of  Agincuurt.  By  Nicholas  Harris  Ni- 
colas, Esq.  F.SA. 

A  Disquisition  on  the  Geography  of  He- 
rodotus, irith  a  map ;  and  Researches  on 
the  History  of  the  Scythians,  Getee,  and 
Sarmatians.  By  G.  B.  Nbibuhr.  Trans- 
lated from  the  German. 

A  Manual  of  the  History  of  Philosophy, 
translated  from  the  German  of  Ternemann. 

Reflections  on  the  Politics,  Intercourse, 
imd  Commerce^  of  the  Principal  Nations  of 
Antiquity,  translated  from  the  German  of 
A.  H.  L.  Heerbn,  Professor  of  History  in 
the  University  of  Gottiugen. 

Professor  Hebrsn's  Manual  of  the  His- 
tory of  the  European  States-system^  and 
their  Colonies. 

Schola  Salemitana.  A  Poem  on  the 
Preservation  of  Health,  written  in  rhyming 
Latin  verse.  By  Giovanni  di  Milano,  in 
the  name  of  the  School  of  Salerno,  and  ad- 
dressed to  Robert  of  Normandy,  son  of 
William  the  Conqueror.  With  an  Intro- 
duction and  Notes.  By  Sir  Alex.  Croke  , 
D.C.L.  and  FA.S. 

The  success  of  our  Popular  Libraries, 
Cyclopaedias,  &c.  has  stimulated  Messrs. 
Colbum  and  Bentlcy  to  enter  that  field  with 
great  force  and  spirit.  They  announce,  in 
addition  to  the  classics,  already  in  the  course 
of  publication,  theLibrary  of  General  Know- 
ledge, conducted  by  Mr.  Glei^ ;  an  edition 
of  tne  Standard  Novelists,  uniform  with  the 
Waverley  Novels ;  the  Library  of  Modem 
Travels,  Voyages,  and  Discoveries ;  and, 
though  last,  not  likely  to  be  the  least  use- 
ful, a  Juvenile  Library,  addressed  to  the 
youth  of  both  sexes. 

Illnstrath>ns  of  the  Bible,  on  a  large  scale. 

Poems,  on  various  subjects.  By  W.  I. 
Atkinson. 

-     Illustrations  of  the  Practical  Power  of 
Faith.     By  T.  Binnby. 

The  Book  of  the  Priesthood.    By  T. 
Stratten. 
Mrs.SHBLLBv'sFortunes  of  PerkinWarbeck . 

Southennan.     By  John  Galt,  esq. 

An  Inquiry  concerning  the  indications  of 
Insanity.  By  John  Conolly,  M.D.  Pro- 
fessor of  Medicine  in  the  University  of 
London. 

Leigh's  New  Picture  of  Londou,  corrected 
to  the  present  time. 


Preparing  for  PuUteotien. 

The  Devon  and  Eaeter  Institntiop  have 
circulated  numerous  Queries  throujgh  the 
County,  with  a  view  to  collect  infomiatioii 
for  a  work  on  the  History  and  Antiqiuitiea 
of  Devon,  on  an  extended  jDlai|^  Their  pre- 
sent queries  reUte  to  the  Eccktlaatical  por- 
tion of  its  History  :  it  is  their  Inteatioa  to 
proceed  through  every  other  diviMOO. 

A  Grammar  of  the  Turkish  Laj^ttaee. 
Dedicated  by  permission  to  the  "Arkiih 
Sultan.  The  Rules  illostrated  bv  examples 
drawn  from  the  most  celebrated  Tbrldsh  au- 
thors, together  with  a  prelimioiiy  Ditcoorse 
on  the  Language  and  Lheratiire  of  the 
Turks,  Dialogues,  a  copiout  Voeabolaiy, 
and  a  Selection  of  Extracts  in  proee  and 
verse,  from  many  rare  Tnrldsh  MSS.  in 
public  Libraries  and  private  Colleotions. 
by  Arthur  Lumlit  Davids. 

Memoirs  of  tbe  l£h  and  Works  of  Goo. 
Romney,  the  eminent  Painter,  ineludlng 
various  Letters,  &6.  By  his  Son,  the  Rev. 
J.  Romney. 

AttempU  in  Verscu  By  Jobn  Joms,  an 
old  Servant.  With  some  Aceoont  of  the 
Writer,  and  an  Introdoctoij  Essay  on  tbe 
Lives  and  Works  of  Unedoeaied  Poets.  By 
Robert  Southst. 

History  of  Demondogy  and  Witeheraft. 
By  Sir  Waltxr  Scott,  Bait. 

The  Lifis  of  John  Rajr,  M.A.  F.R.S.  the 
Naturalist ;  and  a  History  of  Natural  Science 
up  to  his  era.    By  GxoRox  W.  Johmsoic. 

An  Essay  upon  National  Character;  be- 
ing an  Inquiry  into  some  of  the  piioetpal 
Causes  which  oontributo  to  Ibm  or  noall^ 
the  Characters  of  Nations  hi  the  State  of 
Civilization.  By  the  hta  Richard  Chbti- 
Nix,  F.R.S. 

Conversations  with  Lord  Byran  on  Reli- 
gion, held  in  Cephalonw,  a  ehort  time  pre- 
vious to  his  Death.  By  the  late  Jambs 
Kennedy,  M.D. 

The  Progress  of  Society.  By  the  lato 
Robert  Hamilton,  LL.D. 

The  XXVth  or  concluding  part  of  Skel- 
ton's  lUustratioos  of  Anns  an^  Armour, 
from  the  collection  at  Goodrich  Court, 
Herefordshire. 

The  Real  Devil's  Walk;  eaOMllished  by 
numerous  Engravings^  froa  DMigns  by  R. 
Crdiuhamk. 

A  Po«n  In  Four  GnlM,  entitled  tlw 
Pyramids.  By  Mr.  Joans,  of  CieJto«» 
Author  of  <*  Dews  olGMtilie/'  &c. 


1630.] 


Liierarjf  and  Svieniific  IntelUgenct. 


449 


IrrUnd  aiul  iu  Ecinomy;  bting  th«  rt- 
•ult  of  Olwervatioot  made  oo  a  Tvur  throoch 
the  Omntry  in  the  Autumn  of  1 889.  By 
J.  £.  BiciicNO,  E^q.  F.  R.  S.  Sec.  of  the 
Linn.  SiK  M'ty. 

Hie  Life  of  Sir  Isaac  Newton.  Dy  Da- 
vid RRr.wfTBii,  LL.D. 

The  Life  of  General  Wolfe.  By  RuMRT 
Soi'TllEY,  E»q. 

Rite  ami  Piogre^  of  the  EngPuh  Com- 
mon wealth,  from  the  fir»t  Settlement  of  the 
Ao^lo  Sasunt  in  Britain.  By  Framcis  Pal* 
GRAYR,  Esq.  of  the  loucr  Temple. 

lite  Ufe  uf  Ccrvan:e«.  By  J.  G.  Lock- 
hart,  LL.  B. 

M«  Native  VillA^r;  ani!  ntlier  Piecea. 
By  N.  T.  Carrincton,  author  of  **  Dart- 
in«»or.*' 

The  Livet  of  British  Worthies.  By  Ro- 
bert SOUTUCY,  Esq. 


Royal  Sociity. 

jlpril  t9.  A  imper  was  read,  "On  the 
Variations  of  the  Ellii>tic  ConsUnU,*'  hy 
J.W.  Lubhoik,  Esq.  K.R.S. 

Mmy  6*.  A  paper  was  read,  « On  th« 
occurrence  of  Bromine  and  Iodine  in  cer- 
Uin  Mineral  Waters  of  South  Britain,"  hy 
ChaHcs  Dauheny,  M.  D.  F.R.S.  Professi>r 
of  Chemistry  in  the  University  of  Oxford. 
Major-Gen.  Joseph  Stratton,  and  Caj>tain 
James  Vvtch,  were  elected  fellows. 

May  13.  The  first  part  of  a  paper  wm 
read,  rntitltd,  •*  An  Essay  no  the  preserved 
IwMlies  of  ahoripnul  Peruvian  Indians,"  by 
W.  T.  Carter,  M.  D.  Sur^^eon  R.  N. 

sMay  30.  I'hc  time  of  the  meeting  wot 
consumed  hy  debates,  in  which  Mr.  South 
took  a  very  prominent  part,)  relative  to  — > 
1 .  Matters  loni;  since  past  conneetrd  with  the 
Astronomer  Kuyal ;  S.  Mr.  Babbag«*s  re- 
cent work,  conuinmg  an  attack  on  the  So- 
ciety I  and  3.  The  omission  uf  acknowled^;- 
inent  to  Sir  James  Brisnane  of  9t*m9  aatr«>- 
noniical  ubicr^atioos  of  his,  attached  to  the 
last  «ulume  of  Phihisophictil  Transactions. 

Society  or  Antiquarils. 

^p,il  20.  W.  R.  Hamilton,  E«q.  V.  P. 
in  the  cb^ir. 

Four  gentlemen  were  electeil  Fellows  of 
the  SiK;iety  :  Tliomas  Clarke,  E«q.  of  Cra- 
ven-street ;  James  W.  Lyon,  Esq.  of  South 
Audley-streett  John  Edward  Vau^han,  Esq. 
uf  Regent-street,  and  Rhoda,  (rlaroorsan- 
shiie ;  fcudCluirlrs-Barinff  Wall,  Esq.  F.R.S. 
uf  Beikt  ley  square,  and  $1.  P.  for  Wareham. 

Mr.  St-irclary  Ellis  communicated  a  copy 
of  a  .MS.  tract  on  the  Political  State  of  Ire- 
land, written  by  Baroaby  Rich,  in  16' 1 5,  in 
order  to  pre  scut  to  King  James  the  First. 
The  auiht>r,  who  publttned  some  tncia  on 
Irish  affairs,  Jcicrilies  himself  at  a  soldier 
and  a  grntleman,  and  for  fifty  two  years 
resident  in  Ireland.  He  writes  with  a  v«ry 
realnus  Prv»Ustaat  bias}    and  advocMat  a 

Gent.  M  40.  iV«fy,  1830. 


most  levere  line  of  policy  towmrda  th«  Iriah* 
whom  he  appears  to  have  regarded  ia  a  li^hi 
scarcely  more  &vourabto  than  that  ia  which 
ndonists  look  upon  tl^  Mvage  aborigines  of 
the  territories  of  an  Au<»tr«li«n  settleweat. 
It  is  written  in  the  fi»rm  of  a  diabicoe. 

May  6.  II.  Hallam,  Esq.  Y.P.  in  tho 
chair. 

John  Bruce,  Esq.  of  Francis-st.  Golden- 
square,  and  William  Kniuht,  Esq.  Architect 
of  the  Lcmdon  Kridt^e  Works,  were  elected 
Fellows  of  the  Society. 

The  Rev.  I^horaai  Rackett,  F.  S.  A.  ex* 
hibitrd  to  the  Society  some  relics  of  anti- 
quity, lately  exhumed  in  the  premises  of 
James  Farquharton,  at  Littleton-house,  near 
Blandfurd,  on  the  Uuks  of  the  river  Stour. 
The  remains  discovered  were  a  skekttm  in  a 
cist,  tho  bones  of  a  horse,  an  iron  stimipt 
various  pieces  of  pottery,  some  of  Saintaa 
ware,  glass,  dtc. 

The  reading  of  Bamaby  Rich's  treatise 
was  continued. 

May  13.  H.  Gursey,  Esq.  V.P.  in  the 
chair. 

Charles  Octavius  Swinnertoo  Morgoo, 
Esq.  of  Pall  Mull,  B.  A.  Oxford,  was  elected 
Fellow. 

A  notice  was  communicated  of  a  Fibula, 
found  near  Newmarket,  on  levelling  soma 
uneven  ground  on  the  race-course,  and  not 
less  remarkable  for  its  excellent  preservatioo 
than  the  beauties  of  its  execution  i  and  also 
of  a  coin,  supposed  to  be  one  of  Carausius, 
discovered  soma  years  sinca  in  a  barrow. 
They  are  in  tlie  possession  of  Lord  Lowther. 

Mr.  Ellis  continued  the  reading  of  Bar- 
naby  Rich's  diatritie. 

May  90.     Mr.  Hsmilton  in  the  chair. 

Sir  Stephen  Glynne,  Bart.  William  Ty- 
son, Esq.  of  Bristol,  and  the  Hon.  Arthur 
Hill  Trevor,  ton  «*f  Lord  Viscoant  Dna- 
gannon^  were  elected  Fellows  of  (ht  So- 
cietv. 

Davies  Gilbert,  E«q.  Pr.  R.  S.  commiiol- 
cated  two  plaster  casts  of  the  in«criptioiii 
(yd  uniicciphered)  on  a  cross  at  Penzance  i 
aisi»  the  impression  uf  a  small  circular  hrasa 
seal  found  under  Beachey  Head.  It  repre- 
sents a  ftkinmark  iaurlaccd  wi  h  the  letters 
(i.  and  S.  and  lurrouoded  by  tlie  inscriptico* 

h*  OILLES  SAL.MOIL 

Samuel  Rush  Meyrick,  LL.  D.  F.  S.  A* 
exhibited  two  beautifully  enamelled  caadle- 
sticksy  of  similar  pattern  and  devices,  whidit 
it  is  presumed  from  the  figures  represented 
on  tbeir  triangular  bases,  are  of  as  early  • 
date  ai  the  be);inning  of  the  1 8th  century. 
A  Iso  a  pix  of  correspindent  workmaashipw 
They  were  illustrated  by  an  ingenious  esaaj 
on  the  artificial  lights  of  the  ancients,  im 
the  utensils  oecesaary  for  their  consuwpCMm. 

Tlie  Rev.  Chas.  Townsend  commnaieaied, 
through  Mr.  HalUm,  a  deacriptioo  ot  io«.e 
fie«co  paintings  of  the  time  of  Edward  tlie 
First*  disclosed  on  the  walla  of  Prestoa 
church  near  Brighton,  acccMBpaaied  by  a 


450 


LUerarjf  and  Scienlific  tnttUlgenct, 


[May, 


dnwing  by  Mr.  Willuim  Twopenny.  They 
reprevent  two  larger  subjects,  the  marder  of 
Beckett,  and  St.  Michael  weighing  souls; 
and  six  smaller — the  unbelief  of  St.  Tho- 
mas; Christ  appearing  in  the  garden  to 
Mary  Magdalen  ;  St.  Catherine  treading  on 
the  £mperor  Maximinus;  St.  Michael;  a 
saint  with  a  crosier ;  and  St.  James  the  pil- 
grim. 

Royal  Society  op  Literature. 

jlpril  99.  The  general  annual  meeting 
this  day  was  numerously  attended ;  the  rooms 
being  filled  by  eminent  and  literary  men. 
The  Lord  Bishop  of  Salisbury,  th  e  Presi- 
dent, read  a  learned  and  interesting  address, 
and  afterwards  presented  the  two  royal  me- 
dals of  the  year  to  Mr.  Washington  Inring 
and  Mr.  Hallam.  After  Mr.  Cattermole, 
the  secretary,  had  read  the  proceedings  of 
the  society  during  the  year,  the  meeting  pro- 
ceeded to  the  eleetton  of  president^  counsel, 
&c.  for  the  ensuing  year. 

May  19. — A  Paper,  by  Mr.  Mlllingen, 
was  read,  on  the  subject  of  the  splendid 
Tyrrhenian  vases  lately  discovered  in  ancient 
Etruria.  Lord  Prudhoe  was  elected  a  mem- 
ber. 

Medico-Botanical  Society. 

Jpril  27.  The  President,  Earl  Stanhope, 
in  the  chair.  The  Archduke  Francis-Charles 
of  Austria,  Prince  William  of  Prussia,  and 
Prince  Charles  of  Prussia,  were  elected  Ho- 
norary Fellows  of  the  Society.  Dr.  Clen- 
denning  was  also  elected  Profrasor  of  Toxi- 
cology. A  paper,  by  J.  P.  Yosy,  esq.  on 
the  medical  properties  of  the  plants  belong- 
ing to  the  natural  order  Gentianese ;  a  letter 
on  the  claim  of  Dr.  Coxe  of  Philadelphia  to 
the  discovery  of  the  true  Jalap  plant,  by  the 
same  author ;  also  a  communication  on  the 
^<Fenillea  Cordifolia,"  from  Dr.  William 
Hamilton  of  Plymouth,  were  read.  The 
Professor  of  Bocany  delivered  some  observa- 
tions on  the  botanical  character  of  many  of 
%he  plants  on  the  table.  Notice  was  ^ven 
that  a  paper  was  preparing  by  Dr.  John 
Hancock,  on  the  use  ot  opium  in  colds. 

May  11.  A  communication  **  On  the 
use  of  the  Secalc  Cornutum,  or  Ergot  of 
Rye  in  Midwifery,"  by  Dr.  Ryan,  was  read, 
in  which  the  author  stated  that  he  had  used 
it  in  upwards  of  a  hundred  cases  with  the 
greatest  success,  and  that  he  considered  it, 
under  certain  circumstances,  a  most  valuable 
medicine.  A  variety  of  medical  and  other 
plants  were  on  the  table ;  among  which 
were  some  fine  specimens  of  Rheum  Undu- 
latum  (in  fiill  flower) ;  Menyanthea  Trifo- 
liata.  Ranunculus  Acris,  Polyganum  Bis- 
torta,  Spartium  Scoparium ;  Maranta  Ze- 
brina,  Caladium  Odoratum,  Azalea  Coocinea, 
Delphinum  Elatior,  &o.  They  were  pre- 
sented to  the  Society  by  Mr.  Gibbs  of 
Brompton,  Mr.  Campbell,  and  Mr.  Houl- 
ton  the  Professor  of  Botany  j   the  latter 


gentleman  delivered  some  botaaictl  ofaieff- 
vations  on  several  sorts  selected  by  hln  for 
that  purpose.  Some  resolutbns  were  abo 
passed  relative  to  the  appointment  of  • 
Professor  of  Chemistry. 

Zoological  Society. 

May  S.    This  society  held  its  anniver- 
sary meeting  at  the  house  of  the  Hortieul* 
tural  Society  in  Regent  street.    In  the  ab- 
sence of  the  Marquis  of  Lansdewne,  the 
Duke  of  Somerset  presided.     Among  tlm 
other  distinguished  individuals  present  «tre» 
the  Earls  of  Essex  and  Carnarvon,  Lord 
Auckland,   Lord  Stanley,  Sir  Q.  Staunton* 
Bart.  &c     From  the  report  of  the  audHonf 
It  appeared  that  the  receipts  ibr  cbt  pMt 
year  were  16,847^  19«.»  arising  fimn  the 
subscriptions  of  members,  admission  &•§  of 
visitors  to  the  museum,  &c.    Hie  raMMint 
in  the  bankers'  hands  in  February  waa  4002. 
The  supposed  value  of  the  socie^'a  assets 
was  60001.  inclusive  of  the  htm  at  Kingston, 
which  had  cost  about  11, 000.    The  rapott 
of  the  council  stated,  that  an  arrangenent 
had  b«en  made  with  the  Commisaioacn  of 
Woods  and  Forests  for  the  gronnd  whieh 
the  society  required,  viz.  1,«00  fiset  front- 
age, at  a  rent  of  4002.  per  nnnnm.    The  ex- 
penses of  the  &rm  at  Kingston  are  to  be 
greatly  reduced,  and  it  ia  intended  to  bleed 
and  rear  rare  and  new  speoiea  of  biidsy  qnn- 
drupeds,  and  fishes,  at  that  estdUishinent. 
It  was  also  stated  that  900,000  nenona  had 
visited  the  gardens  in  the  Regenra  Park  Uat 
year,  and  that  upwards  of  80001.  hed  been 
invested  in  the  fiinds. 

May  6.  The  ballot  for  the  oflfoert  end 
council  took  pkce.  The  Manfiia  of  Lnnt- 
downe  was  elected  president;  Jamea  Mor- 
rison, esq.  treasuier;  end  N.  A.  Vigoia,  eaq. 
secretary  ;  Joaho*  Brooke*  caq-t  G.  B. 
Greenough,  esq.»  Sir  Robert  Heron,  Bert., 
James  Morrison,  esq.,  and  the  Earl  of  Win* 
chelsea,  were  elected  into  the  eooncil. 

London  Umitsmity. 

May  15.  This  day  the  second  annnal 
distribution  of  priiea  to  theatodenti  of  the 
medical  classes  in  this  University  took  pboe. 
Among  the  petsooe  pretent  were — ^Tbe  Earl 
of  Damley,  Lord  Aockland,  Lord  John 
Russell,  Sir  Jemee  Ghraham,  Mr.  Jamca 
Brougham,  Dr.  Birikbear,  Mr.  W.  Tooke, 
Mr.  J.  L.  Goldamki»  end  manv  other  memben 
of  the  coancil.  Silr  J.  Oranam  waa  in  the 
chair.  The  wafden  reed  an  expUnataon  •• 
to  the  prizes :  e  gold  medal  end  two  iihrer 
ones  were  to  be  given  to  eech  eleM»end 
certificates  of  heiMur  to  all  atodmCi  who 
had  attained  e  certain  amount  of  exeaDenee 
in  their  enswen  to  questions  pievionalj 
fixed  by  the  professors.  He  then  leed  n 
report  of  the  proceedioga  of  the  aeeond  lee- 
sion,  whidi  wee  of  e  fisvoomble  neture.  In 
18i8  and  1889»  there  had  been  198 
in  the  medical  okssci^  bttt  ,1b  the 


lasa] 


LUerarff  emd  Seienii/ic  InielUgenee. 


451 


•Mtioq  tktj  had  ioereutd  to  t88 1  io  Mch 
cUm  thtra  vf  re  doubU  Um  aamber  of  U»l 
year.  Om  gold  aad  (wo  tilver  mMUb  wtra 
Umq  delivtTM  to  tho  •oeceMful  candkUlet 
in  tho  datstt  of  th«  pra^ieo  of  oMdiciiMy 
WMOonjr,  materia  medicaf  phjfiulogj^  tur- 
gtrj,  midwiftnri  chcmiitry,  comfwntivt 
•aolomjy  Mad  deiaoostnitivt  uMtomj ;  aod 
boaemry  certificates  to  a  grtat  maay  other 
•todeata.  Several  of  the  ttodentt  received 
priies  IB  more  than  one  clasa.  Io  the  iDedi- 
eiae  clase,  there  were  kit  teMioo  161  ttii- 
deatoi  inaaatonj^  176 1  iochemtttry^  181  i 
va  deaaoutrative  anatomj^  1 17 1  ia  phjtio- 
logy,  148 1  io  oudvilery,  83 ;  and  in  naleria 
■wdiiBii  188.  After  the  prizet  had  been 
deljvend»  the  Chairman  and  Dr.  Birkbeck 
addreteed  the  meeting  on  the  advantages 
held  out  by  the  Uoivenity,  and  the  taocoM 
vhioh  ittended  its  ptogrett. 

COLLIOB  OP  PhTSICUMI. 

May  6.  A  Paper  by  Dr.  Stevens,  oa  the 
ohanges  which  the  blood  ooderffoes  in  the 
BMlignant  feven  of  the  West  Indies,  was 
read.  Dnrbf;  the  existence  of  the  disease, 
the  blood  exhibits  a  greater  fiaidity  than  u 
natntai,  ita  colour  is  highly  darkened,  and 
the  saline  matter  greatly  lessened  in  qoan- 
ilty.  These  obeervatioas  indoeed  Dr.  S.  to 
pemrm  certain  chemical  esperiments  vpon 
the  blood  of  those  iafteted,  or  who  bad  died 
of  the  fover,  and  he  dedoced  this  rssnlfe— 
that  the  loss  of  the  saline  matter  being  the 
chief  cause  of  the  changes  before  described, 
they  may  be  prevented  by  giving  saline  me- 
dicines. 

Mojf  If.  A  P^iper  by  Dr.  Barry,  on  the 
epidemic  frver  of  Gibialtar,  was  read:  it 
•Uled,  thai  about  the  middle  of  August  two 
youog  persons  died  in  one  of  the  highest 
districts  with  yellow  skins  and  dark-coloured 
vomitings.  A  boy,  who  presented  the  same 
symptoms,  rerevered.  In  6,543  cases,  from 
August  to  Christmas,  of  which  1,631  were 
iatal,  Dr.  Barry  declares  that  the  disease 
consisted  of  a  single  paroxysm  of  fever,  ter- 
minating, from  the  second  to  the  sixth  day, 
either  in  a  rapid  return  to  heahh,  or  m  the 
almost  certain  t>recnrsors  of  death. 

May  19.  A  INtper  by  Dr.  Hume  was 
read,  oa  a  peculiar  disorder  lo  the  throat, 
consisting  at  a  severe  attack  of  inilammatioB 
confined  to  the  epiglottb.  This  complaint 
shonid  be  treateo  in  a  way  calculated  to  re- 
duce the  atreagth  of  the  patient,  as  great 
exhaastioa  u  produced  by  the  inabilityto 
swallow.— A  paper,  conminnicated  by  Dr. 
Calvert,  was  afterwards  read,  on  the  che- 
mieal  and  medical  properties  of  the  Sand- 
roek  qwing  b  the  lale  of  Wis|fat.  Tbb 
watnr  caaiains  a  larger  portioa  o?  iroa  thaa 
any  other  chalybeate  water,  aad  has  beea 
iioeriiiaed  to  Mcnte  rtmedinlly  In  com- 
plunli  tiiriag  from  vthnatioa  aad  Mi- 


RoYAL  Ihstitutioit. 

^pril  SO.    There  was  a  very  ni  

attendance  of  members,  to  hear  I>r.  Clarke's 
interesting  narrstive  of  his  ascent  to  the 
summit  of  Mont  Bbac  ia  August  1885. 
Its  height,  acoording  to  his  ealciSatioa  (aad 
to  ascertaia  this,  he  observed.  It  was  aeeee- 
sary  to  have  a  barometer  graduated  to  at 
least  sixteea  inches)  is  16,749  feet  abovw 
the  level  of  the  sea;  aad  it  mi|;ht  give  a 
more  forcible  idea  of  the  devatiou,  to  say, 
it  was  78  times  as  high  as  the  nMnMHaeot. 
or  89  times  that  of  St.  Paul's.  On  the 
table  were  a  number  ot  miaeraliigical  speci- 
mens, brought  from  the  moeataia  t  as  also 
a  variety  of  botanical  spfcinwtia.  The  eaai« 
mit  of  each  of  the  peaks  appeaiad  to  be  a 
coae  of  snow,  resting  on  rocks,  frnmed  af 
gruiite,  or  granite  and  mica. 

May  7.  Mr.  Faraday  gave  a  histofy  of 
the  manner  in  which  the  trlgonoaketrieal 
survey  of  Ireland,  by  the  Board  of  Ordnoaoe, 
is  carried  on  by  Colonel  Colby  and  his  as- 
sistants. Surveys  of  firom  seven  to  tea  arflea- 
in  length  have  been  taken  at  once,  by  aa  ia- 
strument,  in  which  the  expansion  and  contiae- 
tioa  of  the  metal  it  contains  is  so  effectually 
provided  acainst,  that  the  observation  is  ob- 
tained with  the  nicest  matheauitical  aoett« 
racy.  As  aa  instance  of  this,  in  two  SMa- 
sormaeats  takea  of  Loogh  Loyle,  aadir 
rather  un&vourable  cireomstaaces,  the  va- 
riation was  only  1.76th  part  of  aa  iaoh. 
Two  millions  of  acres  were  surveyed  ia  tha 
coarse  of  the  past  year. 

Chevalier  AUinC$  Plan/or  Prfiermmg  Urn" 
man  L^/eJnm  Fire, 

The  apparatus  eoasists  of  two  distiaot 
systems  of  clothins ;  the  one  near  the  body 
Ijjeing  composed  of  a  badly  coadoctiog  sub- 
stance, as  the  amianthus }  and  the  otMr,  or 
external  envelope,  of  a  atetallic  tissue.  The 

{>ieces  of  clothinc  for  the  body,  arms,  aad 
egs,  are  made  of  strong  cloth,  which  baa 
been  soaked  in  a  solution  of  alum  |  those  of 
the  head,  the  hands,  aad  thefiwt,  of  cloth  of 
asbestos.  That  fi>r  the  head  is  a  large  cap» 
which  entirely  covers  the  whole  to  the  neoK* 
aad  has  apertures  in  it  for  the  eyes,  noee« 
aad  moath,  these  being  guarded  by  a  veiy 
fine  copper  wire-gause.  The  stockings  and 
cap  are  single,  but  the  gloves  are  doutte,  fipr 
the  purpose  oif  giving  power  of  haadiing  ia- 
flaoMd  or  incumbent  bodies.  The  nMtallio 
deCuioe  eoasists  of  five  priadpal  pieoee ;  a 
casque,  or  cap  complete,  wita  a  maski  a 
cuirass,  with  its  brassets  (  a  piece  of  anaoar 
for  the  waist  aad  tl^ghs;  a  pair  of  boots  at 
double  wiie-gaaia  i  aad  aa  oval  shield,  fiva 
fret  loag,  aad  two  aad  a  half  wide,  IbraMd 
\jj  extfiidiMganiaovwathhiplaf  of  ifwu 
Enveloped  ia  this  appantas,  fiiaaaa  hava 

ia  laaMBf  aad  hava  re- 


ia  tht  «adM  •!  thit  telrootbm  tit- 


54!2 


Stlect  Poetry. 


[May, 


mcnt  for  ten  minutes  without  suffering  the 
slightest  injury. 

The  following  are  some  of  the  public  trials 
that  have  been  under  his  superintendance. 
A  fireman  having  his  hand  inclosed  in  a 
double  asbestos  glove,  and  guarded  in  the 
palm  by  a  piece  of  asbestos  cloth»  laid  hold 
of  a  large  piece  of  red  hot  iron,  carried  it 
slowly  to  the  distance  of  1 50  feet,  then  set 
straw  on  fire  by  it,  and  immediately  brought 
it  back  to  the  furnace.  The  );aud  was  not 
at  all  injured  in  the  experiment. 

The  second  experiment  related  to  the  de- 
fence of  the  head,  the  c)es,  and  the  lungs. 
The  fireman  put  on  only  the  asbestos  and 
wire-gauze  cap  and  the  cuirass,  and  held  the 
shield  l>efore  liis  breast.  A  fire  of  shavings 
was  then  lighteJ,  and  sustained  in  a  very 
large  raised  chafing  dish,  and  the  fireman 
approaching  it,  plunged  his  head  into  the 
middle  of  the  fiames,  with  his  face  towards 
the  fuel,  and  in  that  way  went  several  times 
round  the  chafing  dish,  and  for  a  period  of 
«bove  a  minute  in  duration.    The  ex]>eri- 


ment  was  made  several  times,  and  thoae  who 
made  it,  said  they  suffered  no  oppression  or 
inconvenience  in  the  act  of  respiration. 

The  third  experiment  was  with  the  com- 
plete apparatus.  Two  rows  of  faggots,  min- 
gled with  straw,  were  arranged  vertically 
against  bars  of  iron,  so  as  to  form  a  passage 
between  thirty  feet  long  and  six  feet  wide. 
Four  such  arrangements  were  made,  differ- 
ing in  the  proportion  of  wood  and  straw,  and 
one  was  with  straw  alone.  Fire  was  then 
applied  to  one  of  these  double  piles  ;  and  a 
fireman,  invested  in  the  defensive  clothings 
and  guarded  by  the  shield,  entered  between 
the  double  hedge  of  flames,  and  traversed 
the  alley  several  times.  The  flames  rose  ten 
feet  in  height,  and  joined  over  his  head. 
Each  passage  was  made  slowly,  and  occu-' 
pied  from  twelve  to  fifteen  seconds;  thej 
were  repeated  six  or  eight  tiroes,  and  even 
oftener,  in  succession,  and  the  firemen  were 
exposed  to  the  almost  constant  action  of  the. 
flames  for  the  period  of  a  minute  and  a  half, 
or  two  minutes,  ur  even  more. 


SELECT     POETRY. 


Tributary  Lines  to  the  memory  of  the  late 
William  Thomas  FitzGerald,  Es'f, 

JVritteii  for  the  Amiiversary  of  the  Literary 
Fund  (seep.  4bB.J 

By  John  Taylor,  Esq. 

piTZGEKALD     then    is    gone,    whose 

gen'rous  zeal 
For  suffering  talents  could  so  warmly  feel ; 
Whose  Muse,  as  sure  as  this  returning  day, 
Was  prompt  to  hail  it  w'th  his  votive  lay. 
Oft  have  we  heard  him  plead  the  noble  cause, 
While  tlic  walls  echo'd  with  your  warm  ap- 

t>1ause, 
lis  iiianlv  voice  that  cause  impressed. 
With  fervid  energy,  on  ev'ry  breast* 
Impell'd  the  stream  of  Charity  to  flow, 
And  raisM  i  i  all  a  sympathetic  glo  v; 
Till  health  declining  reft  him  of  the  pow*r ; 
Yet  still  he  simr'd  with  us  the  festive  hour. 
Nor  was  his  Muse  to  private  woes  confiu'd, 
A  loyal  ardour  urg*d  his  patriot  mind  ;  [fame 
Whate*er  could  tend  to  spread  his  Country's 
Seem'd  on  his  Muse  to  hold  a  rightful  claim, 
Whate'er  his  Country's  triumphs,  proud  to 

own 
Zeal  for  the  state,  and  honour  to  the  throne. 
When  Nelson,  glorious  on  Nile's  ancient 

shore, 
On  gallic  foes  hade  British  vengeance  pour  j 
And  next  on  Trafalgar's  victorious  day. 
Swift  was  his  Muse  her  patriot  meed  to  pay; 
llcbum'd  her  strain  for  the  de|>arted  brave. 
And  strew'd  Parnassian  laurels  o'er  his  grave; 
Again,  when  Wattrloo's  immortal  plain 
Freed  suff'ring  nations  from  aTyrant's  chain, 
FitzGerald  felt  his  patriot  ardour  rise 
In  grateful  homage  to  the  righteous  skies. 
But  the  chief  purpose  that  his  Muse  em> 

ploy'd, 


And  which  that  Muse  with  most  delicht  en- 

joy  d, 
Was  Genius  to  befriend,  and  Sorrow  aid. 
Hence  she  her  annual  tribute  duly  paid.  [die> 
Then  shall  we  let,  with  him,  tin  mem'rj 
Nor  give  his  merits  a  lamenting  tigh  ? 
No — let  these  walls  recound  Fitzgirald's 

name, 
Coeval  with  our  noble  Fund  in  fame, 
And  may  that  Fund  in  pow'r  and  honour 

stand 
To  patronize  Distress,  and  grace  the  Land ! 


THE  RADIANT  BRIDE. 

A  Song.* 

By  Sir  Lumley  Skgffingtom. 

1?'EN  now  the  radiant  bride  I've  seen. 

With  airy  grace,  the  dance  surprUe  ; 
Deck'd  like  a  sylph,  the  blo<»mt  a  queen, 
And  wins  all  hearts,  and  thoughts,  and 
eyes! 
Each  glowing  charm  hy  rapture  is  improv'd. 
Why  beau  this  breast  ?     'Tis  not  by  envy 
mov'd ; 
Yet,  yet,  young  Hope  still  whispers  h«re» 
Some  hour  I  may  as  bright  appear. 

With  eyes  cast  down,  with  blushing  fear. 

Fresh  beauties  o'er  the  fair  expand ; 
While,  glancing  fire,  the  bridegrooni  near 
With  tender  pressure  grasps  tier  hand. 
Joy  and  confusion  in  her  looks  are  borne ! 
Why  beats  this  heart  ?     TIs  not  by  envy 
torn; 
Yet,  yet,  Hope  whisj^ers  to  tny  breast. 
Thus  fondly  shall  thine  own  he  press*d ! 

*  Supposed  to  be  sung  by  a  bridemaid. 


1830.] 


C    453    ] 


HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 


PROCEEDINGS    IN    PARLIAMENT. 


liouiK  OP  Commons,  April  36. 

Mr.  Sianey  moved  ilie  cooiniitul  of  hit 
bill  for  tlie  ameDdineiit  of  the  Pooii  Laws. 
A  dehftte  of  ftimM  length  arute  «|>od  a  clauM 
ein|M»«rering  two  justices  of  tlie  peace  to 
■eparmte  the  children  uf  {laupcn  from  their 
parents,  if  such  a  measure  should  seem  ad- 
visable. The  clause  was  rejecicd  by  a  ma- 
jority of  91  to  9. 

Mr.  Paulel  Thompson  moved  tlic  second 
reading  of  the  Lsumy  Bill,  the  uhject  of 
which  is  to  enable  individuals  ti»  contract  for 
what  rate  of  interest  tlicy  please,  but  to 
prevent  the  lenders  of  money  from  recovcr- 
\u$^  more  tlian  five  |ier  cent,  in  a  court  of 
justice.  After  some  di»cus»iuii,  the  House  di- 
vided, when  tliere  appeared — Fur  the  second 
reading,  64  ;  against  it,  31. 

April%T,  Mr.  O'Ctmnell  moved  for  leave 
to  bring  in  a  bill  to  amend  the  act  of  the 
7tb  George  IV.  which  regulated  Vestries  in 
Irchuid.  The  oliject  of  the  bill  was  to  give 
to  Roman  Catholics  the  power  of  voting  in 
Vestries  oo  Church  Rates,  fiwc.— The  Chan- 
erUor  of  ike  Excheqmrr  opposed  the  motion. 
— Mr,  Spring  Rice  supported  it. — Mr.  Peel 
said,  that  he  was  not  to  be  deceived  by  pal- 
try arguments  about  any  defects  tltat  might 
eaist  in  the  Vestry  Act.  He  looked  to  the 
main  principle  of  the  measure,  and  found 
that  the  great  object  of  the  honourable  and 
learned  gentleman  was  to  make  catholics  and 
other  dissenters  eligihle  to  vote  in  the  as- 
sessment of  tlte  church  rates  in  Ireland.  To 
this  pro|>osit«on  he  (Mr.  Peel)  could  never 
accede,  believing  that,  if  it  weie  once  adopt- 
ed, it  would  be  productive  of  endless  confu- 
sion in  Ireland. — ^Tlie  house  then  divided^ 
For  tlie  motion,  47  i  against  it,  177. 

On  the  motion  of  Uie  AUorHOfieJurat, 
the  Administration  of  Justice  Bill  was  read 
a  second  time,  and  ordered  to  be  committed. 

April  39.  Mr.  Brougham  brought  for- 
ward a  motion  for  establishing  Local  Juris- 
dictions in  certain  districts  in  England.  Tlie 
bon.  Member  took  a  very  compreliensive 
review  of  the  espeoscs  attendant  upon  legal 
process.  What  he  intended  tu  propose  was, 
to  appoint  a  person  of  legal  eaperieoce  in 
everv  county,  before  whom  any  person 
might  cite  another  who  owed  him  to  tha 
amount  of  ten  pounds  or  lessy  and  that 
this  judge  should  decide  on  the  merits  of 
the  claim  on  Ikcariag  the  parties,  and  ap- 
point payment  by  instalments,  if  he  should 
think  proper.  If  tlie  debt  shou!d  exceed 
ten  poundst  but  not  one  hnadred  poonds* 
the  parties  should  be  allowed  to  employ  » 
legal  advocate  to  plead  their  cause.     But 


this  jud;;e  should  in  no  instanoa  decide  la 
cases  of  freehold,  copyhold,  or  leaselMild. 
From  his  decision,  an  appeal  should  be  either 
msde  to  the  Judges  of  tne  Assize,  or  to  tb* 
Courts  of  Westminster,  as  the  party  should 
think  proper.-*Mr.  Peel  said  that  he  wai 
favourable  to  the  principle  of  the  learned 
gentleman's  proposition,  and  he  should  cer- 
tainly vote  fur  iu  introduction. — After  some 
observations  from  Lord  Althorp  and  Mr* 
O'Omncll,  leave  was  given  to  bring  in  the 
bill. 

HousB  or  Lords,  April  30. 

The  Marquess  of  Londonderry  rose  for 
the  purpose  of  putting  two  questions  to  the 
noble  Earl,  the  Secreury  of  State  for  Fo- 
reign A&irs  ;  the  first  was,  whether  Prince 
Leo)>old  was  appointed  King  of  Greece? 
And  the  second  was,  whether  a  proposition 
had  been  made  to  liis  Royal  Highness  to 
give  up  his  right  of  natunlization  .'-^The 
Earl  of  Aberdeen  did  not  feel  it  incumbent 
on  him  to  answer  these  questions.  He 
would,  however,  inform  the  noble  Marquess, 
that  Prince  Leopold  was  the  individual  to 
whom  the  allied  powers  had  offered  tlic 
throne  of  Greece.  Tliere  were  some  minor 
circumstances  still  to  be  settled,  and  when 
they  were  arranged,  the  papers  would  be  Uid 
before  their  Lordships. 

The  Marquess  of  Salisbury  moved  the 
order  of  the  Asf  for  the  continuation  of 
the  hearing  of  counsel  and  evidence  on  the 
East  Retford  Disfranchisement  BUI.  Cooa- 
sel  were  then  called  in,  when  several  wit- 
nesses underwent  a  long  examiaatiou  :  each 
deposed  to  having  received  a  sum  of  80  or 
40  guineas  for  their  vote. 

In  the  Com  moms,  the  same  day,  the  HotiM 
resolve«l  itself  into  a  Committee  of  Supply. 
On  the  proposition  to  vote  S,408i.  for  tha 
expenses  of  the  Military  College  at  Wool- 
wich, Mr.  Hume  said,  that  the  establish- 
ment was  kept  up  for  purposes  of  patroaagep 
and  he  coosiJered  those  who  were  brought  im 
in  this  way  as  no  better  than  paupers  sup- 
ported at  the  public  expanse.  After  a  long 
and  desultory  disctiuton,  the  question  wat 
)mt,  and  the  Hoosa  divided,  when  thera 
appeared — For  the  vote  181 ;  against  it,  6S.' 

HousB  or  Commons,  May  a. 

In  a  Committaa  of  Supply  Mr.  Dataim 
moved,  that  tha  ann  of  38,500/.  shoald  ba 
granted  ff>r  tha  raaairs  of  public  ba3di^gs« 
&c.  on  which  Mr.  UotkHmsi  and  savaral 
other  Maasbars  cxprtiscd  thair  diseatisfaa- 
tion  on  finding  that  the  pnblic  waia  not  to 


464  Procetdingt  in  the  present  SeuUm  of  Parliament. 


VH 


be  allowed  a  pasMge  into  St.  J«ine«*8  Park 
from  Regent-street  and  Pall-mall.  On  the 
propoeitioD  that  the  vote  ihould  be  post- 
poned, the  House  divided,  when  there  ap- 
peared— For  the  postponement,  12S;  against 
it,  139:  majority  fur  Ministers,  16'.-^Oa 
the  vote  for  100,000Z  to  defray  the  ex- 
penses incurred  hy  the  alterations,  &c.  of 
Windsor  Castle,  Mr.  Gwdtm  objected  to  the 
grant.  900,000/.  had  already  been  ex- 
pended on  this  object,  and  there  was  no 
knowing  when  the  expenses  would  cease.' 
Afier  a  good  deal  of  discnssion,  the  Chan-' 
eeUor  o/  the  Exchequer  agreed  to  withdraw 
the  vote  for  the  present,  that  the  ultimate 
expense  of  the  whole  repairs  might  be 
by  a  Committee. 


House  op  Lords,  May  4. 
Lord  Mounteashet  presented  petitions  from 
the  Protestant  inhabitants  of  Cork,  Wex- 
ford, and  New  Ross,  complaining  of  abnaea 
in  the  Established  Church,  and  soliciting 
their  Lordships'  consideration  of  so  import- 
ant a  aobject.  His  Lordship  then,  in  a 
speecb  of  great  lengthy  submitted  to  the 
House  a  motion  for  inquiring  into  the  abuses 
of  the  United  Church  of  England  and  Ire- 
land. In  the  course  of  his  speech  he  de- 
clared himself  as  sincerely  attached  to  the 
Establlsbed  Church;  his  only  object,  he 
sud,  wJM  to  make  that  Church  respected, 
and,  what  it  ought  to  he,  an  instrument  of 
salvation  to  millions  of  benighted  souls  in 
the  empire.  — -  The  Lord  Chancellor  having 
put  the  ouestion,  there  was  only  one  "  con- 
tent.*' Tlie  *<  not  Cfintent "  appeared  to 
come  from  several  Peers.^The  Lord  Chan- 
ceUoTf  after  a  short  pause,  declared  that  the 
«  not  contents  "  had  it. — Ifird  Mountcashel, 
after  a  pause,  said,  <'The  contents  have 
it  { '*  ^ding,  **  My  Lords,  if  I  stand  alone, 
I  shall  take  the  sense  of  the  House  u[*on  it." 
The  noble  Earl  repeated  his  determination 
to  take  the  sense  of  the  House  upon  the 
question.  (Cries  of '*  order, "and  "  too  late.*') 
The  l^rd  Chancellor  said,  that  the  question 
was  decided. 

In  the  House  of  Commons,  the  same 
day,  Mr.  0*Conncll  moved  for  snd  obtaiued 
leave  to  bring  in  a  Bill  the  better  to  secure 
the  charitable  donations  and  bequests  of  the 
Roman  Catholics  of  Great  Britain. — ^The 
Hon.  Gentleman  then  obtained  leave  to  bring 
in  another  Bill,  t&e  object  of  which  was  to 
abolish  penalties  in  marriages  by  Catholic 
Priests  in  England,  and  generally  to  amend 
the  law  of  marriages. 

Mr.  Calcrqft  moved  the  second  reading  of 
the  Bill  for  throwing  open  the  Trade  in 
Beer.  He  denied  the  existence  of  what  are 
called  <<  vested  rights ;  "  and  with  regard' to 
the  objection  that  the  Bill  would  increase 
tippliag  and  broils,  the  Magistratea  had  the 
power  of  putting  down  the  hooaes  where  the 
cyB  occurred.— Mr*  hjriman  mored  as  aa 


amendment,  that  the  Bill  be 
time  ihb  d^y  six  mootha.     The  iiiUiiiirf 
a  large  class  of  the  coamuBiiy  ooglrtM, 
he  said,  to  be  sacrificed^  vbImm  coat  pMfc 
practical  good  was  to  be  elffMted,  mmd  ia  tlii 
case  he  thouglftt  the  good  wmm  biM  icaili 
and  questionable. — Mr.  Dickimtom  ifid  asi 
think  this  Bill  would  be  eay  baMstode 
common  people,  whe  wvie  tbm 
entitled  to  conaMemtien,  fiir 
condition  more  to  be  dapliHed  tbea  M  fi^ 
•ent.     He  ahonid,  thembce,  eappoK  ll» 
amendment. — Oa  a  divitkNi  tlMve  wtmhf 
the  Bill,  846}  i^punat  it,  98  :  ijorilftiy^ 

House  or  Lords^  JW^  10. 
The  jfrehbithop  rf  CmUabwrm  WcMk 
in  a  Bill,  by  whloh  it  b  propoRed  to  ceAle 
parties  to  enter  into  ao 
pounding  tithea,  in 

31  years,  hi  others  nol  ewceadlRg  14 
regulated  by  the  priec  of  oem.  The  pin 
was  to  refer  the  proposed  eoMRaltieo,  IbrI 
eases,  to  the  Bishop  of  tho  Dieeeae,  le  i^ 
port  upon  the  exeedieoey  ef  coeb  « 
tion.  If  the  BisDop  should  be  o^ 
that  it  might  be  done,  ORitaie 
appointed  under  the  Act*  veie  to  asny  to 
into  effect.  They  were  to  lakR  etvR  te  rc- 
oertoin  the  value  of  tk9  CilbRR»  Rod  lM*la|l 
asceruined  that  value,  they  wm%  to  osoRRRd 
to  make  an  award  which  iPO«y  bR  Modfaig 
on  all  partiee.  In  all  tithe  eooipRrilieMi  the 
rights  of  the  clergymen  oeeU  ee  rctpattiJ  f 
and  in  case  of  non-payHMM 
sition,  the  parson  was  notte 
the  tithes,  but  in  lieu  thertef  ht  «■• 
the  power  of  distress,  by  tbR  pMCRieel 
mon  law.  Hb  Grace  obstnedy  that 
cUsses  of  vicarial  titlieat  Rod  etfatn 
by  lay  impropriators,  by  peyRel  of  e  cif- 
tain  fixed  sum  of  mooey»  wedU  oot  orwr 
within  the  operatioB  of  the  hmrrwo.  The 
Bill  was  then  read  a  first  tfaoR* 

House  or  Commons^  Jfey  11. 
Mr.  Humt  brought  forrard  e 
the  abolishing  of  the  oAce  of  Lord 
nant  of  Ireland.  The  Hob.  Meabary  rArt 
giving  it  as  his  opinion,  that  aleioat  eH  the- 
evils  of  Ireland  had  arisen  from  delegRted 
power,  observed,  that  he  aoughtf  by  the 
present  motion,  to  rsHiovc  lliRflllgaR  ef  In- 
feriority from  the  Iriah  pcople>  eod  te  rfse- 
them  what  the  Union  pronlsedihRBi.— Zairf 
LevesoH  Gower  felt  that  be  must  oppoietiiR 
motion  of  his  Hon.  Friend,  bacRnsa  it  brr 
one  which  he  was  apprehenslTR  ii»olsod»  ead 
must  kindle  afresh,  very  lively  ftRlfaigt  Ib 
Ireland.  —  Mr.  Spring  RUe  tddt  ihettho 
present  motion  was  reoomniBdid  ob  tw» 
grounds.  The  first,  aod  the  stiei^w  gWRiodp 
was  for  the  sake  of  good  gofRfBBRBt  Ib  Iib- 
land}  tlie  second  oo  the  giBoad  of 
aomy.— Zofd  AUhotv  eaw  ao  jaoTR^ 
why  Irelaod  should  nave  e 
ment  than  Rny  of  the  aorthiw 


1890.]       Proenduigi  in  lilt  prmmU  Smlon  #f  ParHamenL  455 


Eogkady  eontidtfriag  the  (keflity  of  eonani- 
Dicstioa  wfaidi  now  cxisltd  b«t«««o  tbt  two 
ooaatriM.— ^  Gt9rg0  Murrwy  w»f  ptr- 
0Qad«d  that  the  aMchiotrj  of  m  admiQif 
traiioB  of  Irebod,  m  it  wat  now  eoattituttdt 
was  metiiary  to  carry  on  tlia  Oovenimcnt 
thtre.  Tbt  tlmo  might  eoma  vhtn  U  eoaki 
he  disptmed  wHk,  hot  at  present  it  «nw  be- 
neficial to  Ireknd Mr.  CtCmmM  hoped 

the  House  would  not  agree  to  this  measure 
without  taking  the  sense  of  the  people  of 
Irtlaad  upon  it.  —  Lorrf  CaMltrfoght  Mr. 
Jfpkmm,  and  the  ChmneeUar  rf  the  Bxche^ 
tfuer  oppoeed  the  motion. — The  House  then 
divided,  when  there  were — For  the  motion, 
Il6t  against  it,  St9. 

Mmf  U.  Sir  J,  Onikam  mored  an  ad* 
dress  for  an  ieeoont  of  all  salaries,  profits^ 
pays,  Ims,  and  emolumcnu,  whether  civil  or 
militarr,  firom  the  5th  of  Jaansry  I8t9  to 
€tm  5tn  of  Januafy  ^  830,  held  and  enjoyed 
by  each  of  his  Majesty's  Most  Hon.  Priry 
Council.  The  Hon.  Member  stated,  that  of 
1 18  Privy  Counsellors  who  received  public 
money,  69  were  members  of  the  legishtnre, 
of  whom  47  were  P^rs,  the  gross  amount 
of  whose  salaries  and  emolument  was  87  8, 840t 
The  object  uf  his  motion  was  to  lay  some 
grounds  for  rifecti^  reductions  in  these  sa- 
Uries,  with  a  view  to  produce  a  saving  of 
the  public  money. — ^Tbe  ChanetUor  of  the 
Exeheqytr  said,  that  he  could  not  consent 
to  lay  before  the  House  the  names  of  those 
parties  who  composed  hfs  Majesty's  Privy 
C^nmcil,  for  the  purpose  of  their  being  held 
up  as  objects  of  obloquy  to  the  people,  and 
concluded  by  moving,  as  an  amendment, 
that  there  be  laid  berorr  the  House  an  sc- 
count  of  all  salaries  and  emoluments  from 
Jan.  5,  1 899,  to  Jan.  5,  1880,  held  by  per^ 
t(>ns  in  the  receipt  of  an  income  amounting 
to  1000/.— After  some  discussion,  the  House 
divided,  when  the  numbers  were — For  the 
amendment,  Ml  ;  for  the  original  motion, 
147. 

ilfoy  17.  Mr.  R.  Gnatt  brooght  op  his 
Bill  for  the  rmnoval  of  the  Jewish  DisabUi- 
ties,  and  moved  thet  it  be  read  a  second 
time. — Sir  J.  Urottetley  said,  he  confeesed 
that  he  could  not  see  the  slightest  objection 
to  grant  the  Jews  all  that  ibey  rrquiied,  ex« 
cept  the  permission  to  lit  in  that  House. 
It  was  aotoriooa  that  seats  in  that  Hoase 
were  to  be  had  to  any  extent  for  money,  and 
thevelure  he  could  not  consent  to  allow  any 
to  become  Members  who  were  not  also 
Christians.  -*  Gtn,  Gmscmfm  deckred  hit 
deurmination  to  oppoee  toe  Bill,  if  it  pro- 
posed to  confer  on  the  Jews  the  same  pri- 
vilms  already  granted  to  the  Roman  Ca- 
thoiMs.    The  Hoo.  Mffaber,  alier  ennme« 


rating  varions  evils  wfaioh  would  attend  thn 
granting  of     ' 


Bttgrav§  opposed  the  neneurt.    He  Mated, 
that  he  had  Mt  it  hb  duty  to  svpport  tho 
claims  of  the  Catholics,  as  he  considered 
they  had  clearly  shown  that  the  privlWea 
they  demand  would  not  be  abused,  and  that 
it  was  but  fair  to  coneede  advantages  to 
those  who  had  never  flinched  from  the  snp* 
port  of  the  state.    The  Jews  were  scattered 
ofer  all  the  countries  of  Europe  and  of  the 
East,  bat  they  were  amalgaomted  with  the 
people  of  none.    Ii  was  impossible  then» 
that  a  Jew  ceuld  ever  Im  onnsidered  an  Emg* 
lishman,  or  love  our  native  land  sa,  ne 
thanked  Ood,  an  Englishman  waa  wcmi  to 
do.— The  BiU  was  opposed  bj  Lord  Dmr^ 
Um^Um,  Sir  E.  Detrimg^  Mr.  TVnnf,  Mr. 
fimUa^  •ad  Sir  IL  Peel  i  md  supported  by 
Mr.  Milimau,  Sir  IL  mUem^  Mr.  (TCbe- 
neU^  Lard  J,  Ruueil,  Mr.  Huskitmmf  and 
Mr.  AnovgAnm.— ^  IL  P§tl^  hi  onpnring 
the  Bill  said,  he  oonld  not  admit  tbo  pri^ 
ciple  of  it,  and  he  ol|^oted  much  to  the 
mode  b  which  it  bad  been  brought  fbrwnsd. 
The  Bill  professed  to  give  civil  Md  rslinions 
liberty  to  all  his  Majesty's  su^ects,  being 
Jews  British  bom )  but  ne  did  not  hes^nin 
to  sav,  that  that  wu  not  the  sole  oljeet  fee 
which  the  Bill  was  meditated.    He  woold 
not  say  tliat  it  was  to  effect  an  abandms- 
ment  of  Christianity  i  but  this  he  woold 
say,  that  b^  such  a  BiU  every  form  and  ee* 
remony  which  gives  assurance  to  fhristienity 
must  be  aboUshed.    The  Roman  CathoTiee 
had  claims  to  urge  in  their  behalf  which  thn 
Jews  know  nothing  of.    They  hnd  fbveht 
in  the  same  field  for  £ngland-->they  lav  bo* 
ried  in  the  same  graves  with  their  mIIo« 
Christians,  and  they  had  died  looking  for 
salvstion  through  the  merits  of  the  same 
Redeemer.     Was  tliere  not  enough  in  thn 
pecuHar  usages— in  the  ancient  history— In 
the  marriage  ordinances,  and  in  the  elvll 
society  of  tne  Jews,  to  account  tor  preju- 
dices, without  having  recourse  to  any  law 
whatever?     He  confessed  that  he  was  not 
prepared  to  admit  the  principle  of  the  Bill, 
and  felt  himself  bound  to  give  it  his  oppo- 
sition.   On  a  division,  the  numbers  were— 
For  the  second  rsading,  166 ;  against  it,  i28. 

Afoy  18.  Sir  John  Newport  brought 
forward  a  motion  on  the  suliject  of  the 
Irish  FinsT  Fnotrs.  The  Hon.  Member 
ststed,  that  if  fairW  collected  the  fund 
would  be  amply  suficieat  for  the  purpoen 
for  which  it  was  intended— the  enpoott  nf 
the  Church  Establishment  in  Ireland ;  bnt» 
fitim  the  errooeoos  and  fbUaoiona  nwde  pur- 
sued, it  was  found  to  be  wholly  inadequnm. 
The  Hon.  Member  oooelndad  by  moving  Inr 
a  Parliaasentary  faM|niry  into  the  s«b)ect. 
Atur  a  few  words  Inmi  Lard  F.  L.  OowiTf 
Mr.  S.  Riee,  and  thn  Omncetbr  ^  Un  Bm- 
cAeener,  the  Honse  divided,  when  then  «bm 
—For  the  motion*  €6 1  i^ainst  it»  M. 

On  the  motion  of  the  CkuutUm  ^  ihe 
Bj€keqmer,  the  Hoose  wtat  btoacoounittee 


456 


Proceedingt  in  Parliament,— Fur eign  News* 


[MiTi 


for  the  further  consideration  of  the  King's 
message,  with  respect  to  the  administration  of 
justice ;  when,  after  some  discussion,  it  was 
resolved  tiiat  the  three  additional  Judges 
should  have  5000Z.  each  per  eumumf  and  he 
entitled  to  the  same  retiring  allowances  as 
the  other  Judges. 

May  1 9.  Mr.  Alderman  Thompson  hrought 
in  a  Bill  to  declare  in  what  cases  the  pos- 
sessions of  Charitahle  Institutions  shall  be 
liable  to  the  payment  of  rates  for  local  pur- 
poses. 

In  a  Committee  of  Wajs  and  Means  a 
resolution  was  passed  for  granting  comjien- 
sation  to  the  Welsh  Judges,  whose  fees  or 
emoluments  shall  be  abolished  by  the  Bill 
altering  the  administration  of  justice. 

May  80.  On  the  order  of  the  day  being 
read,  for  bringing  up  the  report  of  the  Com- 
mittee on  the  London  and  Birmingham 
Junction  Canal  Company,  Mr.  Benson  called 
the  attention  of  the  House  to  the  conduct 
of  Mr.  Thomas  Eyre  Lee,  an  attorney,  and 
■aid,  he  was  satisfied  that  the  Birmingham 
and  London  Junction  Canal  Company  had 
been  got  up  by  fraud.  He  should,  there- 
fore, move,  that  Thomas  Eyre  Lee,  having 
committed  impositicm  on  the  House,  be 
called  to  the  Bar  and  reprimanded.  —  Mo- 
tion agreed  to. 

The  AlUyrney  General  obtained  leave  to 
bring  in  a  Bill  to  repeal  so  much  of  the 
Act  of  60  Geo.  III.  as  relates  to  the  Sen- 
tence of  Banishment  for  the  second  offence, 
and  provide  some  further  remedy  agaiust 
publishing  libels. 

May  21.  The  House  went  into  a  Com- 
mittee on  the  Beer  Bill.  On  the  clause 
relative  to  licenses  lieing  read,  Mr.  Monck 
contended,  that  were  the  proposed  measure 
passed,  it  would  lead  to  a  general  ruin  of 
those  who  had  erabaikcd  their  all  in  their 
several  establishments.  I'he  Hon.  Member 
moved  a  clause,  to  the  effect  that  all  per- 
sons obtaining  licenses  under  the  new  Act 
should  not  be  at  liberty  to  allow  Beer  to  be 


consumed  on  the  premises. —>  Mr.  Sltmey 
said,  that  the  only  mode  of  preveuting  a  mo- 
nopoly in  any  trade  or  businessy  «u  to 
afiFord  all  persons  pursuing  auch  businew 
equal  advantages.  The  propoaition  of  the 
h<mourable  mover  of  the  amendment  would 
do  away  in  a  great  measure  with  the  tub* 
stantial  advantages  of  the  Bill.  — Mr.  Bor- 
clay  suggested,  that  some  modification  of 
the  proposed  measure  should  be  adopted,  for 
the  purpose  of  relieving  those   wno   wtn 

likely  to  sufiPer  from  this  Bill Mr.  fTekern 

was  decidedly  opposed  to  the  amendment^. 
as  destructive  of  the  Itenefiu  of  the  BUL<— • 
The  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  said,  that 
if  the  proposed  amendment  were  carried,  it 
would  deprive  the  public  of  all  the  advan- 
tages of  the  Bill.     He  was  aware  that  the 
publicans  would  suffer  by  this  measura ;  but 
when  their  loss  was  compared  with  the  good 
which  the  public  would  derive  from  it»  it 
could  not  for  oue  moment  staad  in  the  way 
of  tie  Bill. — Mr.  Materly  was  an  advocate 
for  the  principle  of  Bill,  but  be  was  not  for 
shutting  out  the  publicans  from  all  chanee 
of  getting  out  of  their  bosioess  without  in- 
curring great  loss  — Mr.  CoUmm  cooaiderad 
that  Parliament  would  not  be  dealing  fairly 
by  the  public,  if  it  admitted  any  restrictions 
into   the  Bill  before  the  Honse. — Mr.   F, 
Buxton  deprecated  throwing  open  a  trade, 
by  which  persons  of  every  character,  and  of 
no  character,  would  be  allowed  to  sell  beer. 
— Mr.  Huskiuon  was  an  sdvocate  for  the 
measure,  because  it  would  do  away  with  the 
licensing  system,  whioh  was  an  evil  of  great 
magnitude. — Afbsr  a  few  words  from  Mr. 
Brougham^  Lord  MiUon,  *Qd  Sir  E,  KmUch* 
bull,  the  Honse  divided,  when  the  numbers 
were  —  For  the  motion,  llSs^igaiast  it» 
143 ;  majority  against  the  clause,  25. 

[The  House  of  Commons  was  never  more 
occupied  with  private  bills,  motions,  and 
orders  of  the  day  than  during  the  past 
month,  though  there  was  scarcely  an  aver- 
age })ortion  of  public  business.  So  numerous 
are  the  motions  and  orders  set  down  in  the 
Sjieaker*s  paper,  that  the  $)th  of  June  is  the 
first  day  that  can  be  found  0|ien.J 


FOREIGN    NEWS, 


FRANCE 
Tlie  dissolution  of  the  Chamber  of  De- 
puties has  taken  place.  An  ordinance  to 
that  effect,  dated  the  1 5th  May,  was  pub- 
lished in  the  Monitcur,  ordering  the  elec- 
tion to  commence  on  the  23d  of  June;  and 
convoking  both  Chambers  for  the  8d  of  Aug. 
A  partial  cliange  has  taken  place  in  the 
French  ministry ;  M.  Courvoissier,  the 
Keener  of  the  Seals,  and  M.  de  Chabrol, 
the  Finance  Minister,  liaving  retired.  M. 
Chantelauze  is   a])pointed    to    the  former 


office  ;  M.  de  Montbel,  IVrmister  of  the  In- 
terior, takes  the  department  of  Finance  ; 
and  he  is  succeeded  by  the  Count  de  Pey- 

ronnet. 

The  expedition  against  Algiers  sailed  on 
the  18th  of  May.  Count  de  Bunrmont, 
who  has  the  command,  had  previously  issued 
an  order  of  the  day,  addressed  to  the  army, 
in  which  he  says  :'  <'The  Insult  offered  to 
the  French  flag  calls  yon  beyond  the  seas. 
At  a  signal  givea  from  the  throne  you  flew 
to  arms,  and  many  of  you  have  left  the 


18S0.] 


Pdreign  Newi. 


457 


nO&nal  roof,  b  order  to  avongt  cIm  intuit. 
The  cWUized  natioos  of  tbt  old  ukI  mw 
world  hare  their  ejot  fixed  aponTOOi  aad 
their  good  withee  attend  70a.  Ine  oaoM 
of  France  ia  that  of  maokiod.'* — The  num- 
ber of  thipa  of  war,  of  which  the  eipeditlon 
is  composed,  amouDtt  to  68,  amonc  which 
there  are  1 9  thips  of  the  line  and  90  nigatea. 
There  are  977  transports,  accompanied  bj 
7  steam- vessels,  mftling  in  all  a  fleet  of 
more  than  SSO  sail.  The  military  force 
embarked  on  boenl  the  ships  of  war  and 
transports  is  not  less  than  80,859  infiwtry, 
584  cavalrY,  9,897  artillery,  1,880  en- 
gineers,  besides  officers,  medical  itaif,  com* 
missariet,  and  other  necessarY  appendages 
of  an  army.  The  whole  of  the  force  will  thus 
amnnnt  to  87,577  men,  and  8,984  horse. 
With  the  expedition  are  95  interpreters  of 
the  Moorish,  Arabic,  or  Turkish  lansoages. 
Genersl  Bourmont,  the  Minister  of  War,  u 
commander-in-chief;  Lieut. -General  Baron 
Berthesne  commands  the  first  division  i 
Lieat.-Genersl  Count  de  Loeerdo  the  se« 
cond  I  and  Lieut. -General  the  Duke  d'Esoars 
the  third.  Mejor-General  Viseount  de  U 
Hite  is  oommaaidcr-io- chief  of  die  artillery, 
aad  BaroB  Valaie  of  the  eogiaoers. 

GREECE. 
The  Porte  haa  at  length  acknowledged 
the  iadepeodeoce  of  Greece.  The  sove- 
reignty was  offered  by  the  Minister  Pleni- 
potentiary of  England,  France,  and  Russia, 
to  Prince  Leopold,  who  accepted  it,  on  the 
condition  **  That  the  high  contracting 
powers  of  the  treaty  of  the  6th  of  July, 
1897,  wonU  undertoke  to  guarantee  the 
new  Greek  state  acainst  foreign  aggrrssioBy 
and  pledge  themselves  to  grant  succour  to 
that  state,  b  the  event  of  such  amesaioii 
taking  place."  Prince  LeopoM,  TOwever, 
made  a  communication  to  the  Earl  of  Aber- 


deen on  the  tin  May,    stating  that  he 
wished  to  dedbe  the  sovereigotyof  Grwet. 

ITALY. 
A  company  haa  been  established  at  Rome, 
for  the  purpoee  of  recovering  the  aniiquitiea 
supposed  to  be  buried  in  the  Tiber.  Moel 
of  tke  members  of  the  new  association  are 
rich  and  scientific  foreigners.  The  idea  has 
been  suggested  by  a  plan  of  the  Duchess  of 
Devonshire. 

INDIA. 

An  official  order,  for  abolishing  the  prac- 
tice of  burning  or  burybg  alive  of  widows  b 
India,  has  been  issued  by  the  Gotemor* 
General  in  council.  Persons  aiding  or  abet- 
ting b  these  cruel  and  inhuman  acta  are 
deoared  to  be  guilty  of  culpable  homicide, 
and  are  to  be  punbhed  accordbgly.  The 
preamble  states  that  the  pracCSoes  in  qoaelioB 
are  nowhere  enjoined  by  the  religioB  of  the 
Hindooe  as  an  imperative  duty. 

AMERICA. 

An  emigrant  fiunily  b  America  inadvert* 
ently  fixed  their  cabin  on  the  shelving  de- 
clivity of  a  ledge,  that  proved  a  den  of  rattle- 
anakes.  Warmed  by  the  first  fire  on  the 
hearth  of  the  cabb,  the  terrible  njpuSim 
issued  in  numbers,  and  of  course  b  rage, 
by  night  into  the  room  where  the  whole 
family  slept.  The  reptiles  spread  b  eveiT 
part  of  the  room,  and  mounted  00  every  be<L 
Children  were  stung  b  the  arms  of  their 
parents,  and  b  each  other's  arma.  loMgi- 
nation  dares  not  dwell  on  the  honors  of 
such  a  scene.  Most  of  the  family  were 
bitten  to  death;  and  those  who  escaped, 
finding  the  whole  cabb  occupied  by  tnese 
horrid  tenants,  hissing  and  shaking  thdr 
rattles,  fled  horn  the  oouse  by  beatmg  off 
the  covering  of  the  roof,  aad  eeeaped  b  that 
direction. 


DOMESTIC   OCCURRENCES. 


INTELLIGENCE  FROM  VARIOUS 
PARTS  OF  THE  COUNTRY. 

^nril  94.  A  proclamation  was  issued  by 
the  Lord  Lieutenant,  suppressing  the  asso- 
ciation recently  formed  in  Dublin  by  Mr. 
O'Coonell,  under  the  title  of  «<  The  Society 
of  the  Friends  of  Ireland  of  all  Religbns 
Persuasions.**  The  Dangerous  Associations 
Suppression  Act,  paesed  last  session,  ia 
cited  b  the  proclamation  as  authorising  the 
measure  now  resorted  to. 

On  the  suggestion  of  Mr.  W.  Herapath,  a 
meeting  was  held  lauly  at  the  Freeosaaons'- 
hall.  Broad-street,  BnUol^  when  it  was  re- 
solved :  *<  Thatalitmry  aad  Philosophical 
Society,  to  be  denominated  the  Athenseam, 
should  be  formed,  whicli  diould  OMet  at 
these  Rooou  every  Mooday  eveaiaff,  al 
eight  o'clock;    that    Leotma  fhowd  bt 

GiNT.  Mao.  Mef,  1880. 


delivered  and  original  Papers 
read,  aad  that  oueetieas  b  Ltteratare  aad 
Seieace  should  be  debated  npoa  at  fixed 
penoda,'*bttt  religioa  aad  party 
were  expressly  excluded."  A 
aumber  of  geatleaMn  catered  their 
as  Biembera. 

Apra  19.  The  Duke  of  Devoasfalrt'a 
beautiful  estate  aad  maaor  of  Geutv,  oo 
the  banks  of  the  Tees,  in  the  North  Ridbg 
of  Yorkshire,  was  sold  by  aactloe,  al  iha 
King's  Head,  Darlington,  for  86,500L  Tha 
purcnaser  waa  Thee.  Beasoa  Pease,  esq.  of 

Afril  98.  The  aeoood  Coauaemociliva 
Feetnral  b  hoaoar  of  the  aatal  day  of  8lHdb« 
peare,  waa  celebcated  at  Stramd-apoa- 
Avoo,  upoa  a  aoale  of  splcadoar  aad  eiteat 
whiohniMtfftrygiiM  cndblotlM 


10 


456 


DomestU  Occurrences. 


{May. 


znittee  of  the  Rojal  Shakipearian  Club. 
Stratford  presented  a  most  auimated  scene ; 
the  streets  were  crowded  with  an  orderly  and 
happy  populace,  whilst  the  firinff  of  cannon, 
the  ringing  of  bells,  waving  of  flags,  and 
the  decoration  of  the  houses,  afforded  a 
coup  d*cnl  of  the  most  pleasing  description. 
The  characters  in  the  urocessinn  were  sus- 
tained by  Mr.  Raymond's  corps  dramalique 
and  the  members  of  the  Shakspearian  Club, 
assisted  by  amateurs.  The  dresses  were 
strictly  appropriate,  and  several  very  splen- 
did i  they  were  furnished  by  Mr.  Palmer,  of 
London,  under  whose  superintendence  the 
pageant  was  conducted.  The  festival  con- 
tinued four  days,  and  during  that  period  was 
kept  up  with  great  splendour  and  eclat.  We 
observe,  by  the  concluding  passage  of  Dr. 
Wade*8  speech  at  the  public  dinner  given 
on  the  occasion,  that  it  is  in  contemplation 
to  raise  a  monument  to  Shakspeare  on  his 
native  soil ;  it  is  an  announcement  we  bail 
with  unaffected  pleasure,  and  we  shall  be 
happy  to  lend  the  assistance  of  our  })ages  to 
the  promotion  of  this  national  and  long- 
neglected  duty. 

May  3.     The  Canterbury  rail -road  was 
brought  into  operation,  and  the  rail-road 
to  Whitstable  opened  for  the  purposes  of 
business.     The  work  hat  been  five  yean  in 
progress.     The  whole  length  is  between  six 
and  seven  miles,  and  runs  direct  to  Whit- 
stable.    There  is  a  tunnel,    838  yards   in 
length,  carried  through  the  Brethren  Hills, 
which  cost  ld>000/.     The  immense  advan- 
tages which  this  district  will  derive,  hnm  the 
facility  of  transmission,  may  be  anticipated 
from  the  circumstance  that  coals  alone  will 
experience  a  reduction  of  Ss,  a  chaldron  for 
carriage.     Passengers  also  will  be  conveyed 
for  9d.  per  head  in  80  minutes,  the  usual 
time  in  land  conveyance  bein^  nearly  two 
hours.      At  an  early  hour  the  road   was 
thronged ;  by  eleven  o'clock  the  procession 
began  to  form.     Ten  carriages  were  placed 
on  the  rail-road;    the  first  contained  the 
Directors,  and  the  second  the  civic  dignities; 
the  remaining  eight  were  filled   with  ele- 
santly  dressed  females  and  bands  of  music. 
They  were  drawn  at  a  safe  pace  to  the  engine- 
bouse,  from  whence  the  Directors  and  band 
returned  with  six  waggons,  loaded  with  the 
first  merchandise  delivered  from  the  railway. 
Ten  more  carriages  were  then  linked  to  the 
other  ten,  and  the  whole  contained  about 
840  persons,  who  proceeded  rapidly  over  the 
plain   to  Clowes  Wood,  where  they  were 
yoked  to  the  engine,  and  drawn  with  great 
pomp  to  Whitstable. 

LONDON  AND  ITS  VICINITY. 

May  7.  This  being  the  day  appointed 
for  the  celebration  of  his  Majesty  s  birth- 
day, orders  were  given  by  the  Commissioners 
of  Woods  and  Forests,  that  the  new  carriage 
road>  from  Storey's-gatc  to  the  new  entrance 


in  St.  James's- street,  Westminster,  whieh 
was  formerly  appropriated  to  the  use  of  tb» 
members  of   the  royal    fitmily  only,    aod 
known  as  the  Bird-cage  walk,  should  be 
thrown  ooen  for  the  accommodation  of  tbe 
public.     In  the  course  of  the  aftemooo  the 
new  line  of  road  was  considerably  thronged 
by  carriages  and  equestrians,     liie  regula- 
tions of  the  new  carriage  road  are  to  be 
precisely  the  same  as  the  drives  in  Hyde-perk. 
May  10.     In  the  Court  of  King  s  Bench, 
the  rule  for  a  criminal  information  against 
Messrs.  Baldwin  and  Cradock,  for  libelling 
the  Burton  ale  brewers  in  a  treatise  called 
the  Art  of  Brewings  was  discharged,  on  an 
ample  spology  being  made  on  the  pert  of 
the   publishers,   affirming    tbey   were  noar 
satisfied  that  Burton  ale  was  a  genuine  com- 
pound of  malt  and  hops,  and  that  the  lovers 
nf  Burton  ale  might  drink  it  without  liser  if 
they  dranic  in  moderation. 

LITERARY  FUMO. 

This  society  celebrated  its  eDniverssry  on 
May  18,  at  Freenusons'-hall.    There  weie 

£  resent  the  Duke  of  Somerset  (chairman), 
lord  Milton,  Sir  W.  Clayton,  the  President 
of  the  Royal  Academy,  Mr.  Lookhart,  Dr. 
Lardner,  the  Rev.  Dr.  Wade,  and  about  1 50 
others  connected  with  the  literary  wotld. 
The  Rev.  O.  Croly,  as  one  of  tba  registmrs 
of  the  society,  reported,  that  In  the  sevaa 
years  preceding  the  year  18i9,  989  cases 
had  been  relieved ;  in  the  aewea  ymn  sub- 
sequent to  that  period,  408  casts,  the  for- 
mer at  an  expense  of  fi,994i.,  the  lattar  et 
an  expense  of  6,l60i.  In  the  preaent  year 
&6  cases  have  experieneed  nVm,  The  ba- 
lance in  the  hands  of  the  traasoren,  on  the 
31st  of  December,  1889,  was  408/.;  the 
amount  of  stock,  89,000/.  The  healths  of 
the  Chairman,  Lord  Milton,  Mr.  Shee  and 
members  of  the  Royal  Academy,  were  drunk 
with  the  usiud  honooB. 


THEATRICAL  RBGISTBR. 

Drurt  Lawe. 

May  1.  A  new  opera,  entitled  Uoftr^ 
the  Tell  tff  Uu  Tyrol  adspted  bj  Bishop 
from  Rossini's  Guillaume  Tell,  was  brought 
forward.  The  ingenious  Mr.  PtHieb^  has 
substituted  the  exploits  of  Andreas  Hoiier 
for  those  of  William  Tell,  fur  the  purpose 
of  novelty.  Miss  Stephens,  Madame  Yet- 
tris,  and  Sinclair,  were  the  principal  singers, 
who  executed  their  parts  with  great  skill. 
The  piece  was  very  well  received. 

May  85.  A  new  play,  called  TfuSpattMh 
Husbcmd;  or  First  and  Last  Love,  was  pro- 
duced. The  scene  of  the  drama  is  lud  in 
Naples,  and  Don  Alvar,  a  Spanish  noble- 
man, and  husband  of  Bianca,  a  Neapolitan 
lady  who  had  been  previously  betrothed  to 
Hippolito,  is  the  hero  of  the  piece.  It  waa 
announced  for  repetition  amidst  partial  ap* 
probation. 


1630.]  [    459    ] 

PROMOTIONS    AND    PREFERMENTS. 


MtLITAIIY    AKD  NaTAL  P|K>M0TI0M1. 

UmL-Oeo.  Sir  Thot.  Beckwith,  K.C.B. 
to  he  Coammodtr  of  tlM  Forces  t  Bnmhmy, 

Qtnnwl  tKt  Earl  of  Ddhootit  to  be  Com- 
nMn<lor*io-Chlef  of  the  Forces  ia  India,  at 
Caleotta. 

Admiral  Sir  Thomas  Foley  to  be  Coa« 
maader-iO'Chief  at  Portsmouth,  vice  Sir  R. 
Stopford  I  Adm.  Sir  Maalej  Dixoo  at  Ply- 
mouth, vice  Lord  Northesk. 

Capt.  M.  Curry  to  the  Caledonia  190. 

Members  returned  to  serve  in  Parliament, 

Co.  Xcrry.— The  Right  Hon.  Manrioe  Fitx- 

gerald. 
511#ctrf'«— Gco.Orenville  WandUford  Fi- 

gotty  of  Doddonhall-parky  Bucks,  esq. 

Civil  PatrERMtNTS. 

Jas.  Adam  Gordon,  esq.  High  Sheri£F  of  So* 
menet,  to  be  Recorder  of  Tregoney. 

Ches.  Sidebottom,  esq.  berrisier-at-Iav,  to 
be  Town  Clerk  of  WorcesUr. 

Rev.  Benj.  Hall  Keanedj,  to  be  Second  Mas- 
ter of  narrow-school. 

Rev.  Walter  P.  Powell,  to  be  Master  of  the 
Gimaunar-school  at  Bamptoo,  eo.  Oxford. 

EcCLIHASTfCAL  PaxriRMxiiTS. 

Rev.  B.  Morgan,  Prsb.  in  Herslbrd  Cath. 
Rev.  H.  Roberson,  Preb.  m  York  Cath. 
Rev.  H.  H.  Morgan,  Chano.  of  Hereford. 
Rev.  F.  T.  Bryaas,  Famdon  P.  C.  Cheshire. 
Rev.  B.Charlesworth,  Darfield  V.  co.  York. 
Rev.  P.  Dcbary,  Orwell  R.  eo.  Cambridge. 


Rev.  C  D.  M.  Drake,  Dalham  R.  SdMk. 
Rev.  R.  Durnford,  Goodworth  Cktibcd  V. 

Hanu. 
Rev.  J .  Eddy ,  Fugglestone  St.  Peter  R.  watt. 
Rev.  W.  T.  Erie,  Parbory  V.  Bucks. 
Rev.  £.  Frowd,  Upper  CUtfbrd  R.  HaaU. 
Rev.  C.  Glya,  Witcbamptoo  R.  Dorset. 
Rev.  E.  Hay,  Braoghton  V.  co.  York. 
Rev.  H.  Heigham,  Bradfield  Comborst  R. 

Norfolk. 
Rev.  W.  Helps,  Ratcliffe  on  Soar  V.  Notts. 
Rev.  W.  Kay,  Klrkdale  P.  C  co.  York. 
Rev.  J.  £.  Lance,  Boekland  St.  Mary  R. 

Somerset. 
Rev.  G.  P.  Lowther,  Orcbeston  St.  George 

R.  Wilu. 
Rev.  J.  Nelson,  Dunham  Pkrva  R.  Norfolk. 
Rev.  C.  Oakes,  Kemberton  R.  with  S«tto« 

Maddoek  V.  Salop. 
Rev.  R.  B.  ScholeSeld,  Ganton  V.  co.  York. 
Rev.  J.  N.  Shipton,  Hintoo  Blewiu  R.  Som. 
Rev.  W.  H.  Smith,  Hinderwell  R.  co.  York. 
Rev.  H.  Stonhottse,  Eaton  Bishop  R.  Hers^ 
Rev.  E.  Strangways,  Melbory  Sompford  and 

Melbury  Osmond  R.  Dorset. 
Rev.P.Stubbs,  Well  V.  nearRipoo,  co.  York. 
Rev.  E.  Wameford,  Ashbomham  and  Peae* 

hunt  VV.  Sttsaea. 
Rev.  T.  W.  Whituker,  Stanton  by  Bridge, 

and  Swarkestone  RR.  co.  Derby. 
Rev.  E.  H.  G.  WiUiama,  St.  Peter's  R. 

Marlborough. 
Rev.  D.  Wilson,  Over  Wortoo  R.  Osoa. 
Rev.  G.J.  Drake,  Chaplain  to  the  Baronesa 

Do  la  Zouch. 
Rev.  J.  Fletcher,  Chaplain  to  the  Earl  of 

Hontingdon. 


BIRTHS. 


April  19.  At  the  Cove  of  Cork,  the  Lady 
Charlotte  Berkeley,  a  son. 38.  At  Tap- 
low  Court,  Viscountess  Kirkwall,  a  sou. 
85.  In  Mootagu-sq.  the  lady  of  Lient.-Col. 

Dawkins,  M  P  a  daughter. 96.  At  Cliffe 

Hall,  near  Devises,  the  wifo  of  Major  Faw- 
cett,   a  dau. 97.    At  East  End, 


Lymimgtoo,  the  wifo  of  Capt.  J.  £.  Symoods, 
RN.  a  SOB. 99.  At  Myrtle  Cottage, 


Itchen  Ferry,  the  wifo  of  CoL  Baldock, 
soa.  In  Orosvenor- place,  the  Lady  Geor- 
ciana  Cholmeley,  a  son  and  heir.  In 
Baktr-street,  the  Lady  Clarina,  a  son. 


Lately.  In  Baker-stieet,  the  lady  of  the 
Right  Hon.  Lord  Harris^  a  son.  -At 
Caidittgton,  Bedfoidshire,  the  wife  of  Sei^ 

mucl  Whitbread,  eeq.  M.P.  a  too. ^la 

Eaton-pl.  the  Lady  Caroline  Calwali,  a  daa. 

A#«y  7.  At  Mere  Vicarage,  Wilts,  tb« 
lady  of  the  Rev.  Stet^  HydeCkssaa,  F.S.A. 
a  dan.— 10.  At  Bioadmayne  Reetory,  thn 
wifo  of  the  Rev.  Fred.  Urqnhart,  a  son,  i 
At  ApsWy-hall,  Nottingham,  Lady  Loogli- 
boroogh,  a  son.— —18.  At  Cbelteahaa, 
l^e  wSe  of  Lieut.-Col.  QUbeity  a  da«. 


MARRIAGES. 


Jfnl  15.  At  Flortaee,  John  Backner, 
Esq.,  Rifle  Brinde,  seeoodsonof  CoL  Back- 
ner, of  Wyke  House,  Chiehester,  to  Elixa, 
second  dan.  of  CoL  the  H00.W.  H.  Gardner. 

17.    At  Paris,  the  Vieomte  Leonde 

Broos,  to  Henrietta,  eldest  dan.  of  the  kit 

J.  Worthy,  Esq.  of  Brkhloik In  the 

Tower,  F.  W.  Bnatton,  fitq.  to  Eliuy  calj 


dan.  of  J.  Wfi|^  Eeq.  of  the  Tower. 
90.  At  Comwood,  Devon,  the  Rev.  Cp. 
Home,  to  CaroUae,  yonageet  dan.  of  Rtv. 
W.  Oxnaou 91.    Gilbert  BUott,  Bam^ 


ironageit 

GObcn 

son  of  the  late  Sir  Wm.  Eliott,  of 

Caetle,eo.RoBbafgh,  Bart,  to  Isabella  Lnqr, 

yonageetdaa.  of  lale  Rev.  RototSHotlp 

of  Hifgut,  md  WhfldnlDi,  Yoik^ 


Kocior  01 


460 


Marriages. 


[Mty. 


,hire. At  Wwtbury  on-Trym,  Ctot.  H. 

Lawrence,  Bengal  Establiahroent,  to  Hono- 
ria,  youngest  dan.  of  late  Samuel  Hodgson, 
£sq.  of  Richmond,  Surrey.  2i,  Skinner 
Langton,  Esq.  of  Bedford-row,  to  Marga- 
ret,  dau.  of  Walter  Learroouth,  Esq.  of  Rus- 
sell-square.  At  St.  Marv's,  Bryaoston- 

square,  the  Rev.  SufFord  Cha.  Northcote, 
third  son  of  Sir  Sufford  Northcote,  Bart., 
to  Eliz.  Helena,  third  dau.  of  the  late  Tho. 

Bobbins,  Esq. ^At  All  Souls,  Langham- 

place,  Tho.  Drake  Bainbridge,  esq.  of  Croy- 
don Lfodge,  Surrey,  to  Hester  M .,  second 
dau.  of  R.  Rickards,  Esq. of  Wimpole-street. 

34.  At  Theydon  Gamon,  Essex,  the 

ReT.  Edw.  Brown  Everard,  to  Sophia,  eldest 
dau.  of  W.  C.  Marsh,  Esq.  of  Park  Hall. 

At  Brighton,  J.  Brecknell  Toussaint, 

Esq.  of  Pali-Mall,  to  Mary,  youngest  dau. 

of  Arch.  Bryson,  Esq.  of  Brighton. At 

Cowbridge,  Glamorganshire,  Cha.  Dawson, 
Esq.  of  Llanblethian,  to  Anne,  eldest  dau. 
of  the  late  John  Bevan,  Esq.  of  Cowbridge. 

26*.  At  Wincanton,  the  Rev.  F.  W. 

Gray,  of  Castle  Carey,  to  Liucy  Eliza,  only 
dau.  of  George  Wyndham,  Esq.  of  Round- 
hill,  Somersetshire.— 27.  At  St.George's, 
Bloorosbury,  the  Rev.  John  St.  Vincent 
Bowen,  only  son  of  Rear-Admiral  J.  Bowen, 
of  llfracombe,  to  Dorothy,  eldest  dau.  of 
the  late  E.  Bullock,  Esq.  of  Jamaica,  and  of 

Upper    Bedford-place. At    Bath,    the 

Rev.  M.  H.  Goodman,  of  Oare  House, 
Wilts,  to  Mary-Ann,  second  dau.  of  the  Rev. 

James  Pears. At  Petworth,  Rich,  only 

son  of  R.  Hasler,  esq.  of  Bognor,  to  Julia, 
dau.  of  the  late  Hon.  W.  Wyndham.  At 
St.  James's,  Rich.  Carpenter,  Esq.  to  Mary, 
eldest  dau.  of  late  J.  Grimes,  £^q..  Naval 

Officer  of  His  Majesty's  Yard,  Deal. 

29.  At  St.  Margaret's,  Westminster,  F.  G. 
Francis,  Esq.  of  Bernard-street,  RusselN 
square,  to  Louisa,  dau.  of  C.  Christie,  Esq. 

ofHalllford,  Middlesex. At  Beighton, 

CO.  Derby,  Edw.  Wilraot,  Esq.  of  Cork,  to 
the  Right  Hon.  Lady  Janet  Jean  Erskine, 
youngest  dau.  of  the  late  and  sister  of  the 
present  Earl  of  Mar.— 30.  At  St.  Mar- 
tin's, Henry  Arbuthnot,  Esq.  second  son  of 
the  Right  Hon.  Cba.  Arbuthnot,  to  tl^B 
Lady  Charlotte  Rachel  Sc<»tt,  third  dau.  of 

the  Earl  of  Clonmell ^The  Rev.R.J.Sta- 

tham.  Rector  of  Tarporley,  Lancashire,  to 
Mary  Hannah,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Rev.  W. 
Horner,  of  Klrkdale. 

May  1 .  At  Si.  Margaret's,  Westminster, 
Sir  Edw.  Blackctt,  of  Matsen  Hall,  North- 
umberland, to  Miss  Monck,  dau.  of  Sir  Cha. 

Monck,  of  Belsay. Henry  Kemble,  Esq. 

of  Grove- hill,  Camberwell,  to  Rachel  Do- 
bree,  second  dau.  of  the  late  Philip  Melvill, 
Esq.  Lieut. -Governor  of  Pendennis  Castle, 
Cornwall.  4.  At  Monmouth,  John,  3d 
•on  of  Thos.  Webb,  Esq.  Aid.  of  Hereford, 
to  Eliz.  eldest  dau.  of  Thos.  Dyke,  esq.—- — 
At  Southfleet,  Kent,  the  Rev.  Geo.  Cum- 
jniDff  Rashleigh,  Vicar  of  Andover,  Hants, 
to  Juliana,   youngest  dau.    of  Rev.  Peter 


RAshlelgh.-^— 5.  At  Funtington,  Suatez, 
the  Rev.  H.  Legge,  Rector  of  East  Lavanty 
to  Eliz.  Louisa,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  R«ai- 

Adm.  Stair  Douglas. ^At  St.  Geoige'iy 

Hanover-square,  the  Rev.  W.  Somenrille, 
youngest  brother  of  the  Right  Hon.  Lord 
Somerville,  to  Charlotte,  seventh  dan.  of  the 
late  Rev.  Walter  Bagot,  of  Blithfield,  Suf- 

fordshire. At  Langarraa,  Robert  Chaa. 

only  son  of  R.  Vaux,  esq.  of  Court  St.  Lau- 
rence, Monmouthshire,  to  Marv  Jane,  eldest 
dau.  of  Rev.  John  Jones,  of  Lancstone- 
court,  Herefordsh.— 6.  At  Leire,  Leices- 
tershire, H.  Burningharo,  Eso.  barrister,  to 
Mary  Baldwin,  only  dau.  of  tne  Rev.  G^. 

Howell  Watkins. The  Rev.  £.  Gibbes 

Walford,  of  Elsfield,  Oxfordshire,  to  Eliz. 
relict  of  Cha.  Smith,  Esq.  of  Merton  Ab- 
bey, Snrrey.  At  Torquay,  Devon,  Ralph 
Carr  Alderson,  Eaq.  Capt.  Royal  Eoff*  to 
Maria,  second  dau.  of  the  late  HerveyTho- 
rold,  Esq.  of  Cux wold.— The  Rev.  Fran- 
cis Maude,  of  Hoyland,  to  Frances- Anne, 
youngest  dau.  of  John  Branson,  Eaq.  Don- 
caster. At  Leeds,  John  Hepworth  Hill, 

Esq.  barrister-at-law,  to  Maria,  third  dau. 

of  Thos.  Chorley,  Esq. ^At  Berne,  Edw. 

Romilly,  third  son  of  the  late  Sir  Samuel 
Romilly,  to  Sophia,  yoongest  dao.  of  the 
late  Dr.  Marcet.— ^-8.  At  Brightoa,  Jamea 
Pickford,  Esq.  Gren.  Foot  Goimiiy  to  Anna 
Henwood,   dau.   of  John  Mills,  Esq.   of 

Brighton. 10.   At  Pett,   the  Rev.  P. 

Bourchier  Wvnch,  of  Westfield  Vicarages 
to  Charlotte  Maria,  eldest  dav.  of  the  Rev. 
James  Stovin,  D.D.  Rector  of  Rosliagtoo^ 

Yorkshire. 1 1.  At  Bath,  the  Rev.  Da^ 

niel  Wheeler,  to  Loaiia  Small,  yonoMtt  dan. 

of  Daniel  Conner,  Esq^ ^At  the  Dnka  of 

Beaufort's,  Grosvenor-square,  the  Marquis 
of  Cholmondeley,  to  Lady  Susan  Somerset, 
fourth  dau.  of  the  Dokt  of  Beaufort. 
At  Dublin,  Alex.  Jardine,  Esq.  son  of  the 
late  Sir  Alex.  Jardine,  Bart.  Dumfirietshire, 
to  Eliz.  dau.  of  the  lata  Cha.  Curtis,  Eaq.  of 

Cluna,  King's  County. ^At  Bath,   the 

Rev.  W.  Farwell,  Rector  of  St.  Martin's, 
Cornwall,  to  Mary*  yonngtst  dau.  of  the 
late  Wade  Browne,  £aq.^— -At  Swordi» 
CO.  Dublin,  Wm.  Bissett,  Eaq.  nephew  to 
Bishop  of  Rapboe,  to  I^ady  Alicia  Howard, 

sister  to  the  Earl  of  Wicklow. 1 8.     At 

Adiingtoa,  the  Hon.  Tho.  Americua  Ers- 
kine, eldest  SOB  of  Lord  Erskine,  to  Loiiiaay 
relict  of  the  lau  T.  Legh,  Esq.  of  Adling- 
ton-hally  Cheahire.— IS.  At  St.  Geo. 
Han.  sq.  Ernest  Aug.  Perceval,  Capt.  15th 
Hussars,  youngest  son  of  late  Rignt  Hon. 
Spencer  Perceval,  to  Beatrice,  fourth  dan. 

of  Sir  John  Trevelyaa,  Bart. ^At  Mary- 

lebone  New  Charoh,  the  Rev.  Fred.  Geo. 
Bumaby,  seccmd  eon  of  Col.  Bomaby,  to 
Anna  Maria,  seooiid  daa.  of  John  Atkina* 

Esq.  M.P.   aod  Alderaaa. At  Chari* 

ton  Hoaat,  tbli  Rev.  Arthv  Dnunmowly  to 
Manarstfa  Maria,  aeeoad  ewrivioff  dau.  of 
the  late,  and  aiattrto  tlM  praacnt  SirTlioa. 
Maryon  Wilson,  Bart. 


1830.] 


[    Ml     ] 


OBITUARY. 


VftCOUNT  LlPrOED. 

Jprii  15.  At  RanfuHey  House,  eo. 
Down,  ill  bit  BOtb  year,  ibe  Ri^bt  Hon. 
and  Very  Rer.  Jarari  Hewitt,  second 
Viscount  Lifford  and  Baron  Lifford,  of 
Lifford,  CO.  Donegal ;  Dean  of  Armif  b, 
D.C.L. 

Tb-s  venerable  peer  was  bom  Oct.S7, 
1 7&0.(be  eldest  ton  of  James  first  Viscount 
LifTord,  for  twenty -two  years  Lord  Higb 
Cbancellor  of  Ireland,  by  M«ry,  only 
dau((bter  of  Rice  Williams,  D.D.  Rector 
of  Stapleford  Abbot  in  Esses.  He  early 
entered  into  boly  orders,  and  obtained 
▼aluable  preferments  in  ibe  cburcb  ;  and 
was  finslly,  in  1794,  appointed  Dean  of 
Armagb.*  He  succeeded  to  the  peerage 
April  S8ib,  1789,  on  the  demise  of  bis 
father.  Lord  Cbancellor  Lifford. 

His  Lordship  was  twice  married  ;  first- 
ly, July  95,  17769  to  Henrietta-Judith, 
eldest  daughter  of  AKbur  Pomeroy,  Esq. 
mfterwards  created  Vitcount  Harberton ; 
she  died  April  2%  1778,  leaving  no  cbiU 
dren;  secondly,  Dec.  23,  1781,  to  Alicia, 
eldest  daughter  of  the  Ven.  John  Oliver, 
D.D.  ArcbdeacoD  of  Ardagb ;  and  bad 
issue  two  sons:  !•  The  Right  Hon. 
James  now  Viscount  Lifford,  Resident 
Commissioner  of  Excise  for  Scotland ; 
be  was  born  in  1783,  and  married  in 
1809  the  Hon. Mary-Anne-Maria  Maude, 
eighth  daughter  of  Comwaltls  first  Vis- 
count Harberton,  by  wbom  be  has  two 
sons  and  three  daughters;  9.  tbe  Hon.  and 
Rev.  John  Pratt  Hewitt,  born  in  1796 ; 
be  married  in  1 8 19,  Juliana,  daugbter  of 
Aleiander  Hamilton,  Esi).  and  was  left  a 
widower  in  1 8 19,  with  ona  son  and  four 
daugbters. 

Thb  Dukb  db  Levis. 

March  . .  At  Paris,  tbe  Duke  de 
Levis. 

This  nobleman,  descended  from  one  of 
tbe  most  ancient  families  In  France,  was 
a  ton  of  tbe  Marsbal  de  Levis.  At  tb« 
commencement  of  the  Frencb  Revolu- 
tion be  was  s«nt  as  a  Deputy  to  tbe 
States  General  by  tbe  noblHty  of  Dijon  ; 
but,  neither  In  tbe  States,  nor  in  tbe 
Constituent  Assembly,  did  be  act  a  con- 
spicuous part.  Tboogb  friendly  to  a 
moderate  reform,  be  was  disgusted  with 
tbe  republican  aspect  which  tbe  Revo- 


*  His  younger  bcMber  Jobn  was  made 
Dean  of  QoyM  to  oarl^  m  1779-  He 
died  in  lt04. 


lation  asramed  ;  and,  after  tbe  lOtb  of 
August,  be  emigrated,  and  served  in  tbe 
army  of  tbe  Princes,  and  also  at  Qui- 
heron,  where  be  was  wounded.  He  re- 
sided in  England  until  the  establishment 
of  tbe  Consular  Government,  when  be 
returned  to  France.  However,  during 
the  usurpation  of  Buonaparte  be  did  not 
accept  any  office,  but,  in  calm  retire- 
ment, devoted  himself  entirely  to  lite- 
rary pursuits,  in  1808  be  published, 
Maaims  and  Reflections  on  different 
subjects  :  in  1 81 8,  Tbe  Travels  of  Kang- 
bi,  or.  New  Chinese  Letters,  8  vols.; 
a  Continuation  of  the  Four  Facardins, 
and  of  Peneide;  in  1813,  Recollections 
and  Portraits ;  in  1815,  a  Notice  on  8e- 
nac  de  Meilhan  ;  England  at  the  Begin- 
ning of  tbe  Nineteenth  Century  ;  and,  in 
1816,  Moral  Considerations  on  the  Fi- 
nances. 

Tbe  Dnice  de  Levis  was  comprised  in 
tbe  first  promotion  of  peers  by  Looit 
XVIIi.  In  1816,  be  was  admitted  a 
member  of  tlie  Frencb  Academy. 

Marquis  db  Lally-Tolbhdal. 

Marth  II.  At  Paris,  aged  79»  T^- 
pbime  Gerard,  Marquis  de  Lally-To- 
{endal.  Peer  of  France,  Minister  of  State, 
a  Privy  Counsellor,  Member  of  tin  In- 
stitute, Ac.  &c. 

This  dittinguitbed  patriot,  orator,  and 
scholar,  was  tbe  son  of  tbe  brave,  but 
unfortunate.  Count  Lally,  eommander- 
in-cbief  of  tbe  Frencb  army  in  India ; 
who,  it  will  be  remembered,  fell  a  sacri- 
fice, in  tbe  year  1766,  to  tbe  intrigues 
of  a  party  who  bad  conspired  bit  de- 
struction, as  tbe  only  means  of  preserr- 
Ing  tbeir  own  lives  and  characters,  being 
men  who  bad  amassed  immense  treasures 
by  tbeir  malversations,  and  for  which 
they  knew  tbe  General  bad  both  tbe 
means  and  tbe  intention  of  bringing 
tbem  to  an  account. 

An  Iniquitous  sentence  of  condemna- 
tion having  been  obtained  against  bim, 
tbe  unhappy  General  was  borried  awtj, 
gagged^  and  beheaded,  within  til  boort 
from  tbe  time  of  tbe  Judgment  baviDg 
been  made  linown  to  bim.  Ontraged 
Juttice,  bowever,  at  lengtb  retamed  ber 
sway  s  for,  in  tbe  year  1783,  tbe  attain- 
der was  reversed)  tbe  innocence  of  tiM 
murdered  veteran  formally  aelcnow- 
ledgrd ;  and  bto  estate  and  faonort  re- 
stored to  a  son  (tbe  subject  of  this  ■»- 
moir),  detUnod  to  add,  by  bit  owA  Tir^ 


4Gt 


Ob  ITU  ARY,^^  Marquis  de  Lally'TolendaL 


[May. 


tuei,  additional  lustre  to  his  father*s 
name.  It  was,  indeed,  in  the  perform- 
ance of  this  act  of  filial  piety,  that  the 
Marquis  de  Lally  de  Tolendal  made  the 
first  display  of  that  matchless  eloquence, 
which  distinguished  him  to  the  day  of 
his  death ;  and  which,  unawed  by  the 
terrors  of  persecution,  was  ever  ready 
(even  amid  the  most  frightful  scenes  of 
the  Revolution)  to  exert  itself  on  every 
call  of  patriotism  and  humanity. 

Zealously  devoted  to  the  cause  of  ra- 
tional liberty,  the  Marquis  de  Lally-To- 
lendal  attached  himself,  in  the  early 
part  of  the  Revolution,  to  the  popular 

Earty.  On  the  17th  of  July,  1789,  he 
arangued  Louis  XVI.  on  his  journey  to 
Paris.  He  voted,  on  the  4th  August,  for 
the  abolition  of  the  <*  Droits  feodaux;*' 
and  caused  the  King  to  be  proclaimed 
•*  Restorer  of  the  liberty  of  France."  He 
caused  also  to  be  adopted  the  admissi- 
bility of  alt  Frenchmen  to  public  func- 
tions ;  regard  only  being  bad  to  their 
talents  aud  virtues.— After  so  many 
acts  of  devotion  to  the  national  cause, 
the  Marquis  de  Lally  suddenly  lost  all 
bis  popularity.  He  endeavoured,  in  con- 
junction with  MM.  Necker  and  Mou- 
nier,  to  establish  in  France  a  represen- 
tative government,  similar  to  that  of 
England ;  the  attempt  brought  upon 
bim  the  hatred  of  the  Republicans.  On 
finding  his  efiforts  to  serve  his  country 
unavailing,  and  disgusted  by  the  violent 
and  cruel  measures  sanctioned  by  the 
Convention,  he  withdrew  from  that  as- 
sembly, of  which  his  eloquence  had 
rendered  him  the  brightest  ornament. 

<*The  indignant  adieus  of  the  eloquent 
Lally-Tolendal  to  the  National  Assembly 
were  thus  forcibly  expressed  :— 

«  It  is  impossible  (or  me,  my  physical 
strength  alone  considered,  to  discharge 
my  functions  amid  the  scenes  we  have 
witnessed.  Those  headii  borne  in  trophy  j 
>^that  queen  half  a^isafisinated; — that 
king  dragged  into  Paris  by  troops  of 
robbers  and  assassins; — the  'splendid 
day  *  of  Monsieur  Bailli ; — the  jests  of 
Barnave  when  blood  was  floating  around 
us;— Mounier  escaping,  by  a  miracle, 
from  a  thousand  assassins ; — these  are 
the  causes  of  my  oath  never  again  to 
enter  that  den  of  cannibals.  A  man 
may  endure  a  single  death  ;  he  may 
brave  it  more  than  once,  when  the  loss 
of  life  can  be  useful ;  but  no  power  un- 
der Heaven  shall  induce  me  to  suffer  a 
thousand  tortures,  every  passing  minute, 
while  I  am  witnessing  the  progress  of 
cruelty,  and  the  triumph  of  guilt,  which 
I  must  witness  without  interrupting  it. 
They  may  proscribe  my  person ;  they 
may  confiscate  my  fortune: — I  will  la- 
bour the  earth  for  my  bread,  and  I  will 


see  them  no  more."     (See  Scott's  Life 
of  Napoleon  Buonaparte,  vol.  i.  page  SOL) 

Fr(»m  having  been  once  the  roost  po- 
pular character  in  France,  the  Marquis 
de  Lally  was  now  become  an  object  of 
the  most  rancorous  persecution  ;  was 
arrested,  and  thrown  into  the  Abbaye, 
where  he  escaped,  almost  by  a  miracle, 
the  horrible  massacres  of  the  Sd  and  3d 
September,  1792,  having  been  a  prisoner 
in  that  prison  at  so  late  a  period  ai  the 
30ch  of  August.  From  a  Idtter  bearinc^ 
that  date,  it  should  seem  that  be  was  in- 
debted for  his  release  principally  to  the 
influence  and  exertions  of  bis  Scottiih 
relation,  Lord  Loughborough. 

During  his  confinement  in  tbe  Ab- 
baye  a  favourable  opportunity  was  af- 
forded M.  dc  Lally,  for  tbe  exercise  of 
that  benevolence  which  was  the  main 
spring  of  all  his  actions,  and  the  glory 
of  his  character.  An  amiable  young  gen- 
tleman, M.  de  Montmorin,  bad  been  con- 
signed to  the  same  prison,  and  was  ou 
the  point  of  being  hurried  away  to  a 
mock  trial,  and  consequent  immolation. 

At  this  eventful  crisis,  wlien  his  own 
life  depended,  as  it  were,  upon  a  thread, 
and  when  a  mind  ordinarily  eunstituted 
would  have  been  palsied  by  tbe  horrors 
of  its  situation,  or  absorbed  in  devising 
measures  for  self-relief,  the  undivided 
energies  of  M.  de  Lally's  powerful  diiiid 
were  instantly  engaged  in  the  behalf  of 
M.  de  Montmorin  ;  and,  after  Ubourinic 
forty-eight  hours,  be  furnisbed  bim  with 
tbe  plan  of  a  defence,  which  produced 
his  acquittal  and  his  release. 

The  pleasure  with  which  M.  de  Lally 
anticipated  this  happy  result  of  bis  la- 
bours is  thus  expressed  by  himself,  in  a 
letter  written  from  the  Abbaye  to  a  lady 
of  his  acquaintance  :— 

"J'aurai  peut-6tre  eu  le  bonbeur  de 
sauver  la  vie  du  jeune  Montmorin.  J'ai 
travaille  pour  lui  48  beures ;  et  lui  et 
son  Conseil  vont  me  r^p^ter  devant  leur 
Tribunal." 

Soon  after  his  escape  from  tbe  Abbaye 
he  went  over  toEngland,  residing  a  con- 
siderable length  of  time  under  the  hos- 
pitable roof  of  another  British  relative. 
Sir  William  Jerningbam  (father  of  the 
present  Lord  Staffunl). 

On  hearing  that  the  Jacobin  faction 
had  proceeded  to  tbe  enormity  of  sub- 
jecting their  king  to  a  trial,  the  Marquis 
de  Lally's  devotion  to  the  person  of  his 
prince,  rendered  bim  so  regardless  of  his 
own  safety,  as  to  petition  the  Conven- 
tion for  permission  to  defend  liin  at 
their  bar  {  thus  emulating  the  courage, 
not  less  than  the  eloqnence,  of  Cicero : 
"  Potestas  modo  veniendi  sif,  dicendi 
periculuro  non  recuse."  (Vide  "  InMar- 
cum  Antonium  Philippicam/'  L) 


1830.] 


Obituait.— Ifor^tta  de  Latlff-ToU^daL 


4d3 


Upon  bit  requttt  beifi|^  refuted  bv  tbs 
Convention,  be  pnbliibed,  in  Eni^land, 
bU  *•  PlAidoyer  pour  Louis  XVl.,"  in 
wbicb  tbe  cause  of  tbat  unfortunate  mo- 
narch if  defended  witb  comonBiate  elo- 
quence and  unaniweral>le  argumenta- 
tion. TIm  Editon  of  the  **  Biog rapby 
of  tbe  Peert  of  France"  tbnt  briefly,  but 
favorably,  lotice  It  t— "  dam  lequel  ap- 
panitt  la  veritable  Eloquence  du  cmur." 

Afterirardt,  in  1797>  be  publitbed  bit 
•<  Defense  det  Emigre  Fran9tit,"  a  woric 
of  such  extra9rHimary  merit,  (tee  the 
<«  Brilitb  Critic,'*  and  other  Eiiglitb  Re- 
views) that  not  left  than  40,000  copies 
were  told  in  France  at  rapidly  as  tbey 
could  ittue  from  the  prett.  Nor  wat  it 
read  with  lest  interest  in  foreign  coun- 
tries; bavtnf  been  immediately  trani- 
lated  into  German,  Italian,  Portufuete, 
and  (by  GifTord)  into  English. 

In  the  compotition  of  tbit  celebrated 
work,  the  great  matter  of  Roman  elo- 
quence bat  been  to  clotely  and  to  hap- 
pily followed  ;  bit  ttyle,  hit  rtty  genint, 
are  to  contpieuout  in  every  page,  that 
the  clattieal  reader  mif  ht  almost  per- 
tuade  bimtelf  that  he  heard  Cicero  tpeak- 
ing  French. 

Of  tbe  beneficial  effeets  produced  by 
the  "IMfenso  dcs  Emifr^  Fran^ais,^ 
to  tbe  eause  in  which  it  was  writteat 
the  followinf  curious  anecdote  (related 
by  the  editors  of  tb«  edition  of  18S5t) 
bears  ample  testimony. 

««  Vers  la  fin  de  1799>  Bonaparte,  Pre- 
mier Consul,  entendit  nommer,  un  Jour« 
la  fille  du  Comte  de  Lally-Tulendal. 
parmi  les  Pensionnaires  do  Madamo 
Campaii,  qui  avoit  noblement  r^gid 
ches  elle  cette  enfant,  ainsi  que  ses  vieux 
domestiques,  lorsque  en  1793,  on  I'avait 
chasa^  de  la  maiton  de  son  P^re.  '  Avea 
vout  tous  let  ouvrages  de  Monsieur  de 
t«lly  ?'  dit  le  premier  Consul  k  Madame 
Campan.  '  J'en  ai  quelques-unt,*  re- 
ptindit  elle.  *  Envoyes  let  moi  |  (dit 
Bonaparte)  )e  veua  let  voir.*  Madame 
Campan  avoit  dant  ta  bibliotbiqoo  >!• 
Plaidoyer  pour  Louit  XVL,  ta  D^frnte 
det  Emigre,  et  la  Vie  du  Comte  de 
Strafford. 

'*  Elle  ne  crut  pas  pouvoir  songer  A 
envoyer  le  premier  de  ces  ouvrages  :  elle 
avoit,  bien  envie  dVnvoyer  le  second ; 
elle  consult  it  les  amis  de  I'auteur  lis 
craignirrnt  que  les  pages,  ou  le  defen- 
tcur  des  ^migr^s  s'etoit  montr^  ti  in- 
dign^  de  I'invasion  de  Rome,  n*exeitas- 
sent  la  colore  du  jeune  conqu^rant, 
nominativement  ddsignd  :  elle  se  boma 
done  A  envoyer  au  Premier  Consul  le 
teul  volume  contcnant  la  vie  de  Strafford. 
Quelque  tempt  aprte,  le  Premier  Contul 
lui  rendoit  ce  livre,  avee  une  quaran- 
taiuc  de  petitt  papiert  mit  aua  pages  qui 


apparemment  avoient  flx4  rattentlon  da 
I'lmpotant  lectenr.  Mais,  en  remet* 
tant  ce  volume  entre  lea  mains  da 
celle-qui  le  lui  avoit  pr^t^  Bonapartn 
lui  dit,  en  souriant,  '  Vous  n'aves 
pas  voulu  me  donner  tmu  les  ouvrages 
de  Monsieur  de  Lally.  Jt  itg  m/J'al 
son  'Compfe  rendu  k  ses  eommettana.' 
J'al  son  '  Plaidoyer  pour  Louis  XVI.  s'  eC 
J*ai,  turtout,  sa  *  Defense  det  Emigrit.'—- 
La  premiere  date  de  cette  anecdote  est 
du  moit  de  Decerobre,  1799^ — La  remlte 
faite  par  le  premier  Contul  k  Mme. 
Campan  du  livre  qu'elle  lui  avoit  pr^td, 
ett  du  moit  de  Janvier  1800.  C'ett  aa 
mois  de  Mart,  et  d*Octobre,  1800,  qu'ont 
commence  let  arr^tet  et  decrett  ContuW 
airet,  qui  tuccettivement  ont  ^imiud  et 
retabli  dant  leur  blent,  non  vendue,  un 
grand  nombre  d'^migr^,  partagit  en 
differentet  clattet,  comme  let  avait  par- 
tag^  leur  defenteur;  let  femmet— Im 
enfant — letmineurs — lespauvres.  C'est 
au  mois  d'Avril,  1803,  qu'est  sorti  In 
senatus'consultequi  a  prononc^  Tamnis- 
tie  g^n^rale  de  tous  les  dmigr^  (saof 
un  petit  nombre  dVxceptions),  leur  ren- 
tr^  dans  leur  patrie,  et  leur  reintegra- 
tion dansceuadeleurs  bienaqui  n'6taient 
pas  vendue." 

His  **  Compte  rendu  h  tea  eommet* 
tans,"  and  bU  «  Essai  sur  la  vie  de  T. 
Went  worth  Comte  de  Strafford**  (in  thn 
latter  of  wbicb  be  draws  a  parallel  be- 
tween tbe  case  of  Lord  Strafford  and 
tbat  of  hit  own  murdered  Father,)  are 
alto  workt  of  no  ordinary  merit. 

On  hit  Tmgtdy  of  Lord  Strafford  (for 
be  had,  before,  brought  forward  the  tub- 
Ject  in  the  form  of  a  Tragedy)  tbe  bie- 
torian  Gibbon,  who  had  wit  netted  tbe 
repretentation  of  it  at  Lauaanne,  In 
I789»  bettowt  the  following  tinguUr 
compliment  I  "  Je  sait,  ataintenant, 
comment  Tacite  eftt  fait  une  Tragedie.*' 

Hit  speech  in  the  Chamber  of  Peers, 
on  tbe  84tb  March,  1818, "  pour  la  pro- 
rogation de  la  lui  rendue  le  5  Deceaa- 
bre,  1814,  en  favour  det  imigr^,"  and 
printed  by  order  of  the  Chamber,  drear 
from  Louit  18th,  (no  contemptible  clat- 
tieal tcholar)  the  complimentary  title  of 
«<  rOratio  pro  Marcello.*' 

On  the  return  of  Buopaparte  froai 
Elba,  in  1815,  the  Marqtiit  de  Lsl^ 
followed  Louit  tbe  I8ib  to  Ghent  {  and, 
on  tbe  tecond  rettoration  of  that  Mo- 
narch, be  was  elevated  (being  before 
only  a  Count)  to  the  rank  of  Marquis, 
made  a  Peer  of  France,  a  Minister  ol 
State,  dtc  &c. 

Of  a  Statessaan  thus  distinguished 
not  only  in  France,  but  tbrougbcNit  Ea« 
rope,  the  following  brief  family-bistofy 
may  not  be  unacceptable. 

I1ic  family  of  Lally,  or  MuUally,  (for«- 


404 


Obituaey.— Jlfar^tiu  de  Lalb/'Tolendal. 


[Ma^, 


merly  Moalala)  it  of  great  antiqaityy 
the  Linea  antiqoa  beginning  with  **  Conn 
of  tbe  hundred  battles,*'  who  mounted 
the  throne  of  Ireland,  A.  D.  177*  From 
bim  are  descended,  since  that  period,  to 
the  invasion  of  tbe  Engliib,  A.  D.  117 19 
all  the  royal  families  of  Ulster,  Meath, 
and  Connaoght,  together  with  their 
spreading  branches.— In  this  Linea  are 
counted  twenty-six  generations  from 
'*  Conn"  to  <<  Maolala"  inclusire. 
Maolala  flourished  about  A.  D.  970. 
From  biro  came  tbe  surname  of  0*Mao- 
lala,  or  O'MuUally,  or  Lally,  assumed 
by  bis  posterity.  From  Maolala,  to  Ge- 
rard Lally,  the  grandfather  of  tbe 
Marquis,  are  counted  twenty  three  ge- 
nerations. 

Gerard  Lally,  of  Tullindally,  (Tully- 
mullally,  or  Tolendal),  in  tbe  county  of 
Galway,  Esq.,  passed  into  France  with 
King  James  tbe  Second,  being  one  of 
those  conscientious  Catholics  who  pre- 
ferred honorable  exile,  and  poverty,  to 
tbe  desertion  of  their  God  and  King.* 
He  became  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  Dil- 
lon's regiment,  and  Brigadier-Gene- 
ral in  tbe  service  of  France  j  was  cre- 
ated a  Baronet,  by  Letters  Patent  of 
James  tbe  Second,  dated  at  St.  Ger- 
main en  Laye,  7th  June,  1707  ;  and  died 
at  Arras,  28th  September,  1737.  He 
married  18th  April,  l701,at  Romans  in 
Dauphin^,  Lady  Anne-Mary,  daughter 
of  Messire  Cbarles-Jaqoes  de  Bressac, 
Seigneur  de  la  Vacbe,  Conseiller  du  Roi 
en  ses  Conseils,  and  en  sa  Cour  de  Par- 
lement,  &c.  &c. 

The  devotion  of  this  family  to  tbe 
House  of  Stuart  has  always  been  as 
unfortunate  as  strong. — James  Lally, 
of  Tolendal,  Esq.  (tbe  grandfather  of 
Gerard)  having  levied  an  independent 
troop  for  the  service  of  Charles  1st.,  a 
large  part  of  his  real  estates,  (viz,  Car- 
ranarougb,  Carrowncaslane,  Liswalla, 
&c.)  was  confiscated,  A.  D.  1658,  by 
Cromwell  $  and,  in  consequence  of  the 
fidelity  of  Gerard  (and  bis  deceased  elder 
brother  James)  to  King  James  the  Se- 
cond, all  tbe  family  estates,  and  lands, 
(viz.  Tolendal,  Gortnapoura,  Cloiimoyle, 
Lisrevally,  Clooncurry,  Curhene,  Shan- 
balliniore,  Rusbellon,  Ballymote,  and 
Drimniard),  were  confiscated,  and  ex- 
posed to  sale,  at  Chichester  House, 
Dublin,  on  Thursday,  lOlh  June,  1703. 

This  family  has  given  several  dignita- 
ries to  the  Church  of  Ireland.  Connor  0' 


♦  By  the  capitulation  of  Limerick,  con- 
firmed by  Act  of  Parliament,  the  adhe- 
rents of  King  James  were  offered  full  in- 
demnity both  of  person,  and  property; 
on  tbe  condition  of  laying  down  their 
arms,  deserting  their  King,  and  swear- 
ing allegiance  to  bis  rival. 


MuUally  (or  Lally)  wai  oonteented 
Bishop  of  Clonferty  SSd  of  May,  1447. 
Thomas  O'MnllaUy  (or  Ully)  wm 
Archbishop  of  Tuam,  A.  D.  1518.  Wil- 
liam (yMulUUy  (or  Lally)  wat  Pr^ 
tettani  Archbishop  of  Tuam,  A.D.  IftTS* 
— He  was  also  Queen  Elisabeth's  Cbivf 
Commissioner  for  tbe  paeifieatioD  of 
Connaugbt. 

John  Mac  Malacblin  O'Mollally,  or 
Lally,  Esq.,  Chief  of  Tully-Moltaliyy  or 
Tolendal,  and  elder  brother  of  Arebbisbop 
William  Lally,  aeeompanied,  with  hh 
armed  vassals,  Henry  the  Eighth  to  the 
seige  of  Boulogne,  A.  D.  1544 1  where  Im 
received  from  that  Prinee,  aa  the  re* 
ward  of  his  bravery,  and  fidelity^  tho 
Crest  and  Supporters  since  borne  by 
his  descendants. — ^Vide  Letters  of  JuBOe 
Tirry,  Atblone  King  at  Ansiy  94th  Jan- 
uary, 1709f. 

Tbe  venerable  Marquis,  nolwlth- 
standing  the  harassing  scenea  he  had 
passed  through  during  tbe  last  forty 
years  of  his  life,  retained,  till  within  a 
very  few  days  of  his  deeeaie,  his  fncel* 
ties  in  a  state  of  almost  yoothfal  vigour  | 
and  was  preparing  an  addivts  to  tlm 
Chamber  of  Peers,  against  the  opening 
of  the  Session,  when  It  plensed  Heairen 
to  deprive  that  Assembly  of  ica  greateac 
ornament;  the  King,  oif  hb  nost  de- 
voted servant  I  and  the  Natioo^  of  Its 
truest  Patriot. 

Tbe  Marquis  hu  left  one  only  child,  n 
daughter ;  married  to  tbe  Connt  D'Aus, 
a  French  Nobleman  1  by  wkom  she  hat 
two  children,  a  son  and  a  daughter. 

As  a  signal  mark  of  the  royal  favonr, 
the  reversion  of  the  dignity  of  a  Poer  of 
France,  (which  wonld  otherwise  havo 
been  lost  to  the  deeeendanta  of  the 
Marquis  de  Lallv  Tolendal,  at  Us  death) 
was  by  Louis  tbe  iSlh  eonfsrred  upon, 
and  by  His  present  Mijeaty,  Cbarlea  the 
lOtb,  oonflrmed  to  his  Son-in-law  the 
Count  D'Auxi  who  hat,  also,  been  an- 
thorised  to  assume  the  name  of  Lally, 
eohjointly  with  that  of  I^AttX. 

One  distant  braneh  of  the  family  of 
Lally  still  exists  In  England  1  and  tero 
more  remote  branebes  in  Ireland." 

t  Tirr/s  words  are,—'*  Qoi  regeni 
Anglitt  seeotas,  etim  turmA  suomm  HI* 
bernicorom  'Hustings'  et  Gaiogiatset, 
in  obsidium  Boloniss,  A.D.  1544,  at  mi- 
rum  in  modom  mlKtari  virtnte  eC  an- 
dscii  insignivit.— Tradiittt  illoa^  ctm 
oblatum  pro  fortitodinis  priMnIo  milltit 
gradum  perseveranter  rsewtisttt,  fargn- 
ens  se  dndum,  a  jMirv  sHt^  *  Viadir,* 
Hibermki  Mfliteni,  ereatom  fuisto,) 
tune  im  Sernt^  jho  mtUUtUMmia  fiMdans 
homonMHa  a  Rtgt  Hemrin  cMeqp2H#,aei- 
licet,"  Ac.  Hort  follows  adescvifUon  of 
tbe  Crett,  and  Supporters, 


1S30.]  Hon.  DoMgloM  Kinnaird.-^Sir  B.  S.  3t0rUmd,  Bart. 


4Gr> 


Ili'N.  DoCJGLAt  KiSNAIRD. 

A^tfck  IS.  Ill  Pall  Mall  East,  after  a 
lung  and  painful  illiiru,  aged  439  tb« 
Hon.  Douglas  Jamtt  William  Kiuiialrd, 
M.A.»  uncle  to  Lord  Kinnaird. 

Mr.Kinnaird  was  born  Feb.  36,  1788, 
tb«  founb  son  of  George  the  7th  Lord, 
by  Eliiabeth,  sole  daughter  aud  heiress 
o?  Griffin  Ransom,  of  Westminster,  Eaq. 
He  received  the  early  part  of  his  educa- 
tion at  Eton,  and  then  passed  some  time 
at  Gdttingen,  where  he  arquired  a  tho- 
rough knowledge  of  the  French  and  Ger- 
man languages,  particularly  of  the  lat- 
ter, which  he  spoke  with  a  fluency  and 
skill  seldom    attained  by   a  foreigner. 
Prom  Gottiftgen  be  removed  to  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  where  be  was  cre- 
ated M.A.  in  1811,  aud  became  an  inti- 
mate atsoriaie  of  those  young  men  with 
whom  Mr. Moore's  Lift  of  Lord  Byron  has 
rendered  the  world  familiar.    With  one 
of  them,  Mr.  Hobbouie,  he  travelled,  in 
1813,  through  Sweden,  and  acrou  the 
north  of  Germany  to  Vienna,  and  had 
the  good  fonune  to  be  present  at  the 
decisive  battle  of  Culm. 

Subsequently  be  bat  been  actively  en- 
gaged in  the  bauking-bouke  of  Ransiim 
and  Morelandy  and  when  the  old  part- 
nership was  dissolved,  he  assumed  the 
chief   management   of   the    firm   now 
known  by  the  former  of  those  names. 
In  1815  he  became,  together  with  Lord 
Byron,  the  Hon.  George  Lamb,  and  Mr. 
Peter  Moore,  one  of  the  committee  for 
directing  the  affairs  of  Drury-lane  The-  • 
atre,   and,  with  more  merit  than  suc- 
cej«,  attemptid  to  revive  some  of  our 
old  neglected  dramas,  as  well  as  to  re- 
store the  credit  of  the  establishment  it- 
self.   When  Lord  Cochrane  retired  from 
Parliament  in  1818,  Mr.  Kinnaird't  Wfll* 
known   political  opinions    directed  to- 
wards him  the  attention  of  the  friends 
of  reform  in  Westminster,  and  he  was 
proposed  for  the  representation  of  that 
cityi  but  the  unexpected  nomination  of 
Sir  Samuel  Romilly  and  of  Sir  Murray 
Maxwell  made  it  expedient  to  withdraw 
bim  from  tlie  contest.    On  the  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  lamented  death  of  the 
former  gentleman,  it  was  intended  again 
to  bring  him  forward^  but  he  signified 
his  wish  to  decline  such  a  proposal,  and 


rendered  him  probably  a  useful,  and  cer- 
tainly an  bonesl,  mtmber.  From  this 
period  be  took  part  in  the  discussions  at 
the  India-house  ;  and  there  has  been 
scarcely  a  debate  of  any  consequence  for 
many  years  in  the  Court  of  Proprietors 
in  which  hi*  name  is  not  to  be  found. 

For  the  Uii  year  of  bis  life  bit  Iwftlih 
was  obterved  to  be  on  the  decline,  but 
the  illness  which  terminated  fatally  did 
not  make  its  appearance  until  two 
months  previous  to  his  death.  When 
aware  of  his  condition,  the  irritation 
and  restlessness  of  disease  were  suc- 
ceeded by  a  composure  and  resignation 
truly  admirable  ;  and  having  performed 
becomingly  all  the  last  awful  duties  of 
existence,  be  died  peaceably  and  without 
pain. 

Mr.  Kinnaird  was  a  man  of  c«ntidera- 
ble  abilities  and  of  great  activity  of  mind. 
Though   not  learned,  he  wat  fond  of 
literature ;  and  there  are  few  lubjectt  of 
general  discu&tion  on  which  be  was  not 
competently  informed.     His  station  and 
his   fortune  enabled  him  to  indulge  a 
well-cuhivatpd  taste  for  all  the  liberal 
arts ;  and  of  his  distinguished  contempo- 
raries there  was  scarcely  one  who  wat 
not  frequently  to  be  found  at  hit  hotplt- 
alle  board.    With  Mr.  Sheridan  he  wu 
most  Intimately  acquainted.    Hit  name 
was  one  of  the  last  which  the  affection- 
ate Byron  wat  heard  to  pronounce.    No 
man  was  more  constant  in  hit  attach- 
ments, and  those  who  were  most  worthy 
of  his  regard  esteemed  and  loved  him  to 
the  latt )  for  a  temper  too  hasty,  and 
not  always  under  due  control,  wat  more 
than  counterbalanced  by  many  estima- 
ble qualities, — by  the    warmth  of  hit 
heart, — by  the  generosity  of  hit  disposi- 
tion,—by  the  teal,  the  perseverance,  the 
activity  of  hit  friendship. 


Sir  S.  B.  Morland,  Bart. 

Jprii  19.  At  bis  house  in  Pall  Mall, 
aged  71,  Sir  Scrope  Bernard  Morland, 
fourth  Baronet  (of  Nettleham,  co.  Lin- 
coln). D.C.L.,  M.P.  for  St  Mawes. 

Scrope  Bernard  was  the  sixth  and 
youngest  son  of  Sir  Francis  Bernard,  the 
first  Baronet,  Captain-General  and  Go- 
vernor of  the  Province  of  New  Jersey  in 


North  America,  and  afterwardt  in  Mat- 
exerted  himself  strenuously  in  behalf  of  sarhututts  Bay,  by  Dame  Amelia  hit  wife, 
his  friend  Mr.  Hobboutc.   Shortly  after-     daughter  of  Stephen  Oflley,  Em].  of  Nor- 


wards, however,  he  became  member  for 
Bishop's  Castle,  and  was  re-chosen  at 
the  general  election  in  1830,  though  by 
a  double  return,  I  lie  investigation  of 
whi-  h  deprived  bim  of  hit  teat.  Ha 
made  no  subsequent  attempt  to  enter 
into  parliament,  of  which  his  habits  of 
business  and  bi^  intt-grity  would  have 
G£NT.  Mag.  Atmy^  1830. 

11 


ton  Hall  in  Derbyshire,  by  Mary,  sitter 
to  John  Lord  Viteount  Barrington.  Hit 
family,  paternally  detcended  from  God- 
frey Bernard  of  Wanford  oo.  York,  in 
the  reign  of  Henry  HI.  arquired  contl- 
derable  poisessions  by  divert  InCermar- 
riaget  with  many  eminent  and  distin- 
guished houtet,  numbering  in  the  course 


46G 


Obituary. — Sir  S,  B.  Morlandy  Bart, 


[May, 


of  thirtctn  fenerations  from  Godfrey 
Bernard  before^mentioned,  tbe  namef  of 
Tallakerne,  Daundelyn,  Cbampafne, 
MuscotP,  Fulwood,  Altbam,  Winlowe, 
Tyrringbam,  and  Offley,  amongst  tbe 
heiretset  and  alliances  wbicb  bave  given 
lustre  to  tbe  parent  stock. 

He  was  born  in  Ireland,  and  educated 
at  Cbrist  Cburcb  in  Oxford,  wbere  be 
was  considered  a  young  man  of  very  pro 
raising  talents,  and  where  bis  diligence 
in  bis  studies  was  rewarded  in  1781  witb 
tbe  CbancelIor*s  prize  for  tbe  composi- 
tion of  an  En«:lish  £ssay,  tbe  subject  of 
wbicb  was  **  Tbe  Origin  and  Use  of  Fa- 
ble." He  took  tbe  degree  of  A.M.  17 
Dec.  1781  ;  and  D.C.L.  20  Nov.  1788. 
In  1789  be  became  a  member  of  tbe 
College  of  Laws,  witbout  probably  mucb 
intention  of  practising  as  a  civilian  :  but 
on  tbe  decease  of  George  Harris,  LL.D. 
be  was  promoted  to  the  office  of  Judge 
of  tbe  Episcopal  Court  of  Durham.  In 
February,  1789f  on  the  death  of  Alder- 
man Sir  Thomas  Halifax,  be  was  elected 
one  of  tbe  Representatives  in  Parliament 
for  Aylesbury,  being  at  that  time  Usher 
of  tbe  Black  Rod  in  Ireland.  In  tbe 
following  August  be  was  appointed  tbe 
Under  Secretary  of  State  for  the  Home 
Department,  under  tbe  Rt.  Hun.  W.  W. 
Grenville,  a  post  be  continued  to  fill 
under  tbe  Rt.  Hon.  Henry  Dundas  until 
1792*  At  tbe  general  elections  of  1790 
and  1796  be  was  recbusen  for  Aylesbury, 
(in  which  borough  his  father  bad  re- 
sided, and  has  a  monument  in  tbe  parish 
church:]  and  in  1807  was  elected  for 
the  borough  of  St.  Mawes  in  Cornwall, 
for  wbicb  he  has  been  returned  at  every 
subsequent  general  election. 

He  married  26  July,  1785,  Harriet, 
sole  daughter  and  heiress  of  William 
Morland,  Esq.  M.P.  for  Taunton  ;  and 
by  royal  license,  Feb.  15,  1811,  after  the 
decease  of  bis  father-in-law,  he  took  the 
name  of  Morland,  in  addition  to  his  fa- 
mily name  of  Bernard.  He  succeeded 
to  the  Baronetcy  July  1,  1818,  on  the 
decease  of  bis  elder  brother  Sir  Thomas 
Bernard.  Bart.  Chancellor  of  Durham, 
Vice  President  and  during  many  years 
tbe  benevolent  and  patriotic  Treasurer 
of  tbe  Foundling  Hospital  in  London, 
(and  of  whom  we  gave  a  memoir  in  our 
yol.LXXXviii.  ii.  82.) 

Sir  Scrope  Bernard  Morland  did  not 
irest  bis  claim  to  the  respect  and  attach- 
ment of  his  friends  and  tbe  public,  upon 
the  lustre  of  ancestral  honours^  or  the 
accumulation  of  wealth  only :  but  en- 
titled himself  to  their  esteem  and  regard 
by  the  suavity  of  his  mild  and  concilia- 
tory manners,  his  punctuality  and  atten- 
tion to  his  duties  as  a  senator  and  a 
magistrate,  aod  his  affectionate  and 
Xealous  aUachment  to  his  family  and  bis 


dependents.    His  abilities  wire  of  a  very 
superior  order :  be  was  a  sound  clanlcal 
scholar,  and  possessed  a  fund  of  pne- 
tical  knowledge,  which  in  the  Tarloot 
relationships  in  which  bis  situation  placed 
bim,  was  always  ready  to  be  comma* 
nicated    witb    singular    affability    and 
promptitude.    He  understood,  and  wai 
an  admirer  of  the  fine  arts,  and  bis  ad- 
vice and  assistance  upon  every  occasion 
in  which  they  might  be  thought  condu- 
cive to  tbe  advancement  of  science  or 
the  benefit  of  tbe  public,  were  dispensed 
with  tbe  liberality  of  tbe  scholar  and  the 
urbanity  of  tbe  gentleman.    It  would  ill 
accord  witb  tbe  respect  to  wbicfa  snch 
qualities  entitled  bim,  if  the  writer  of 
this  short  sketch  neglected  to  advert  to 
the  fact,  that  when  Mr.  Lysons  compiled 
that  part  of  the  Magna  Britannia  which 
relates  toBuckingbamshire,  the  contribu- 
tions of  Sir  Scrope  Bernard  were  amongst 
tbe  most  important  and  useful  wbleh 
were  afforded  to  biro,  and  that  the  coun- 
tenance and  encouragement  which  he 
has  extended  to  the  History  of  that 
County  now  in  progrets,  and  speedily 
expected  from  the  pen  of  Dr.  LipAcomb, 
has  been  repeatedly  mentioned  in  terms 
which  reflect  great  praise  on  tbe  pro- 
moter of  an  object  of  such  public  utilitj 
and  interest.    Unassuming  and  unosten- 
tatious. Sir  Scrope  passed  much  of  hii 
time,  and  more  particularly  in  the  even- 
ing of  his  day,  in  retirement  i  but,  if  he 
felt  no  anxiety  to  distinguish  himself  in 
the  bustle  of  public  life,  he  was  ever 
ready  to  devote  his  services  to  the  pubKe 
advantage.    If  he  has  reared  no  proud 
structure  to  attract  the  applause  or  excite 
the  envy  of  his  neighbours,  he  has  at 
least  preserved,  through  the  course  of  a 
long  life,  in  "  the  noiseless  tenor  of  his 
way,"  an  unspotted  reputation   or  ho- 
nesty, consistency,   and  sincerity,  and 
has  left  a  name  and  a  character  behind 
him,  which  manv  of  his  contemporaries, 
aspiring  to  the  distinction  of  more  bril- 
liant talents,  might  be  proud  to  bequeath 
to  future  times. 

By  the  lady  before-mentioned,  (who 
died  March  4,  1898,  and  by  whose  side 
Sir  Scrope  has  been  buried  on  the  97th 
April  at  Great  Kimber  in  Buckingham- 
shire,) the  deceased  Baronet  bad  issue 
five  sons  and  two  daughters ;  1.  William, 
who  served  the  office  of  High  Sheriff  of 
Buckinghamshire  in  1811,  and  died  at 
Caen  in  Normandy,  Nov.  Si,  1820,  aged 
36  ;  3.  Thomas,  who  died  young ;  3.  Mar- 
garet,  married  to  Capt.  Henry  Pigott  of 
the  82d  regiment ;  4.  Sir  Francis  Bernard 
Morland,  who  has  succeeded  to  the  Ba- 
ronetcy; he  was  born  in  1790,  is  Joint 
Agent  of  Invalids,  and  a  banker  in  Wett- 
minster;  5.  Thomat-Tyringbam,  also 
a  banker  in   Westminster  t    he  served 


IMO.]    OBiTiuaT.— 5ir  R.  T.  Farquhur,  Bl.— 5tr  C.  Scoti,  BU       Afff 


Sberiffof  Bucklnfbamtbirt  in  1816,  and 
married  in  18l9i  Sophia- Charlotte*  oii^ 
child  and  belreet  of  the  late  Sir  Darid 
WilliaBf,  tilth  und  last  Baronet,  of 
Gucmevet,  co.  Brecon ;  6.  Richard- 
Scrope,  a  Ca|»tain  in  the  Bengal  bone 
artitleryi  and  7.  Manr-Anne,  married 
in  1823  to  the  Rev.  Fredcrick-Charlet 
Spencer,  Rector  of  Wheatfield  in  Oaford- 
thire,  coutin  by  bia  father,  and  nephew 
by  hit  mother*  to  the  Duke  of  Marl* 
borough. 


Sir  R.  T.  FaaouuAi,  Bart. 

March  16.  In  Richmond  Terrace* 
Wbiiehall,  a^ed  53*  Sir  Robert  Tow na- 
beiid  Far^ubar,  Bart.  M.P.  fur  Hythe, 
a  Director  of  the  East  India  Company* 
and  of  the  Alliance  insurance  Office. 

Sir  Robert  was  born  Oetober  14,  1776* 
the  tecond  ton  of  the  late  Sir  Walter 
Farqubar*  M.D.  who  was  created  a  Bar 
ruuet  in  1796,  by  Anne*  fourth  daughter 
of  Thomas  Stepbeuaon,  E«q.  He  was 
for  many  ycart  Commcrtlal  Resident  at 
Amboyna,  and  afterwards  Lieutenant- 
Governor  of  Pulo  Penanf .  At  the  Peaoe 
of  Amiens*  in  1803,  be  was  appointed 
Commissioner  of  adjusting  the  British 
Claims  in  the  Moluccas,  and  to  deliver 
up  those  islands  to  the  Batavian  Repub- 
lic. In  1807  he  published  "  Suggestions 
for  counteracting  any  ii\jurioua  effects 
upon  the  population  of  the  West  India 
Colonies  from  the  aboUtion  of  the  Slave- 
trade*"  8vo. 

In  1818  he  was  appointed  Governor 
and  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  Island 
of  Mauritius  J  and  he  waa  created  a  Ba- 
ronet* by  patent*  dated  S  1st  of  August, 
1881.  He  resigned  the  Government  In 
1833  i  and  on  the  voyage  home,  be 
visited  Madagascar*  to  take  leave  of 
the  Chiefs,  and  was  received  with  great 
ceremony.  Many  thousands  of  the  na- 
tives on  that  occasion  oame  from  a 
great  distance  in  the  interior*  all  of 
them  bringing  presents,  with  their 
own  free  will,  as  peaoe-offerings.  Two 
thousand  disciplined  and  well-clothed 
black  troops  fired  three  volleys  in  honour 
of  the  visit,  when  the  word  of  oommand 
was  given  in  Englbh. 

Sir  Robert  entered  Parliament  as  a 
Burgess  for  Newton,  in  Lancashire,  on 
a  vacancy  at  the  beginning  of  1835 ;  at 
the  general  election  in  1836  he  was  re- 
turned for  Hythe.  He  was  placed  on 
the  direction  of  the  East  India  Com- 
pany a  few  years  ago. 

Sir  Robert  Farquhar  married,  January 
10,  1809,  Maria- Praoeis-Geslip*  second 
daughter  of  Joseph  Francis- Louis  La- 
tour,  Esq.  of  Madras,  by  whom  he  had 
issue  Sir  Walter-Minto  Farquhar,  bom 
iu  the  following  October*  who  has  sue- 


eendcd  to  the  banwetey*  and  otbtt  cW* 
dren.  The  prssent  Bafoooc  it  a  osembec 
of  Christ  Cimreb,  Osford*  and  has  takmi 
the  degree  of  B.A.  since  hit  lathar^t 
death. 


Sir  CLaui»  Scott,  Bart. 

AfarcA  37.  At  his  seat,  South  Lytchef* 
Dorset,  aged  87*  Sir  Claude  Scott,  Bart, 
of  Brutoo-street,  and  head  of  the  bank- 
ing-house of  Seott*  Dent*  and  Co.  In  Ca- 
vendish-square. 

Sir  Claude  was  created  a  Barooei  by 
patent  dated  Sept.  7,  1831.  He  married 
Sept.8,  1767,  Martha,  only  chikl  of  John 
Eyre,  of  Stepney,  Esq.  \  by  whom  bo 
had  issue  Sir  Samuel,  who  has  succeeded 
to  the  title*  bom  in  1773,  married  in  1796* 
Anne*  only  surviving  child  of  John  Om* 
maney,  of  Bloomsbory-sqoare*  Esa.  and 
has  a  son  Claude-Edward,  bom  in  1804. 

Of  Sir  Claude's  house  at  Lytchet  wo 
find  the  following  account  in  the  neir 
edition  of  Hutchins'sDorseUhire  i  *' Joha 
Jeffery,  Esq.  of  Poole,  built  an  elegant 
house  here,eommauding  a  delightful  view 
of  the  bay  and  adjacent  country  i  of  wbleh 
he  presented  a  plate  to  this  work.  In 
the  year  1810  be  sold  this  boose  and  es- 
tate to  Claude  Seott*  Esq.  of  London*  and 
of  Sundridge  Park*  Bromley,  Kent.  Mr« 
Scott  has  made  considerable  additiont 
to  this  villa*  and  it  If  now  his  iiiamifr 
residence." 

Not  less  than  seven  heads  of  banking 
establishments  in  London  have  died 
within  two  months:  via.  Sir  Claodo 
Seott,  Sir  Serope  Morland*  Hon.  D.  Ki«- 
naird*  and  Messrs.  Han  key*  Bainbridge^ 
Hopkioson*  and  Williams. 

Vicb-Adm.  Sir  J.  N.  Morrir, 
jtprU  15.    At  Mariow*  Sir  Jamct  Ni- 
coll  Morris*  K.CB.  Vke-Admiral  of  tbt 
Red. 

Sir  James  was  the  son  of  the  gallant 
Captain  James  Nieoll  Morris*  who  fell 
in  the  ever  memorable  action  of  SoUi* 
van's  Island*  North  Aoseriea,  June  88* 
1778,  when  in  the  command  of  bis  Ma- 
jesty's ship  Bristol,  of  fifty  gone*  boarlnr 
the  flag  of  Commodore  (late  Adminu) 
Sir  Peter  Parker.  The  son  enured  tbo 
navy  under  his  father^s  care*  and  vat 
serving  at  bi«  side  on  the  fatal  oecatio** 
On  being  asked  whether  be  bad  any 
thing  to  impart  respecting  bis  family, 
the  dying  hero's  reply  was*  that  **  be  loft 
them  to  the  providence  of  God,  and  tbo 
generosity  of  bis  eountry.**  The  widow 
was  awarded  a  penaion  of  100/. 

lu  the  year  1778*  1779,  and  1780^  sro 
find  the  orphan  midshipman  senrisf 
under  the  patronage  of  bis  father's  most 
particular  friend,  that  distinguished  of- 
ficer, Admiral  the  Hon.  Samuel  Bar* 


468 


Obituary. — Vice- Admiral  Sir  J,  N.  Morris. 


[May. 


rin«^ton,  both  in  the  Prince  of  Walei 
and  BarOeur,  of  ninety  guns  each  ;  from 
which  last  ship  he  was  promoted  on  the 
14th  of  September,  1780,  to  the  rank  of 
Lieutenant. 

In  1781,  he  became  a  junior  lieute- 
nant in  the  Namur,  under  the  command 
of  Captain  Sawyer,  and  early  in  Febru- 
ary, 1785,  the  Namur  being  selected 
(and  the  command  devolving  on  Cap- 
tain Robert  Fanshawe)  to  join  a  squa- 
dron of  twelve  sail  of  the  line,  under  the 
orders  of  Sir  George  Rodney,  to  rein- 
force the  Fleet  in  the  West  Indies,  in 
order  to  cope  with  the  French  force  in 
those  seas,  and  arriving  after  a  quick 
passage  at  St.  Lucia,  barely  in  time  to 
gain  over  the  enemy  that  decided  vic- 
tory which  took  place  on  the  9th  and 
IStb  of  April.  During  these  battles, 
Sir  James,  then  only  eighteen  years  of 
age,  acted  as  fourth  lieutenant  of  the 
Namur,  whose  station  in  the  line  was  se- 
cond to  the  Commander  in  Chief,  astern 
of  the  flag  ship,  and  the  next  ship  who 
passed  through,  and  accomplished  the 
separation  of,  and  effected  the  breaking, 
of  the  enemy's  line,  from  which  new 
system  the  victory  became  more  deci- 
sive, and  the  result  more  important. 

The  steady  and  brave  conduct  of  Lieu- 
tenant Morris  during  these  engage- 
ments, called  distinctly  for  the  praise  of 
all  on  boanl,  an'l  ensured  him  the  es- 
teem and  friendship  ever  after  of  his 
gallant  commander.  Captain  Fanshawe. 
The  war  thus  gloriously  terminating, 
we  find  our  young  officer  employed  in 
the  peace  as  lieutenant  of  the  Arrogant, 
and  other  ships,  at  Chatham,  and  at 
other  ports,  until  the  equipments  of 
the  several  armaments  which  took  place 
with  the  Dutch,  Russians,  and  Spaniards, 
in  1787,  1788,  and  1790,  when  we  And 
him  again  selected  by  his  firm  and  dis- 
tinguished friend.  Admiral  Barrington, 
who,  on  the  arrangement  of  the  dispute 
with  the  latter  powers  in  1790,  caused 
him  to  be  promoted  from  the  Royal 
George  of  100  guns,  as  second  lieute- 
nant, to  the  rank  of  comm.inder;  soon 
after  which  he  hoisted  his  pendant  on 
board  the  Pluto  fire-ship,  on  the  New- 
foundland station,  where  he  captured, 
after  a  smart  action  of  fifteen  minutes, 
the  Lutine  French  privateer,  of  IG  guns, 
and  70  men.  He  obtained  post  rank  in 
the  Boston  32,  Oct.  7,  1793;  and,  sub- 
sequently to  his  return  to  Kngland  in 
1795,  was  actively  employed  in  the 
Channel,  and  on  the  coasts  of  Spain  and 
Portugal,  where  he  captured  the  follow- 
ing privateers :  I'Enfant  de  la  Patria,  of 
\G  guns  and  130  men;  el  Principe  de 
Paz,  of  20  guns  and  100  men  ;  St.  Bt-r- 
nardo,  of  1*2  guns  and  75  men  ;  and  the 


Hazard,  of  8  guns  and  £0  moD.  He 
was  afterwards  removed  to  the  Lively 
frigate,  in  which  he  had  the  misfortune 
to  be  wrecked  near  Cadis,  about  the 
early  part  of  1798. 

In  the  summer  of  1799  Captain  Mor- 
ris was  appointed  to  the  Phaeton  of  38 
guns,  in  which  he  that  year  conveyed  to 
Constantinople  the  Earl  of  Elgin,  then 
sent  ambassador  to  the  Porte.  During 
the  spring  of  1800  he  was  employed  on 
the  coast  of  Genoa,  in  conjanction  with 
the  Austrian  army,  under  General  d'Ott ; 
and  in  the  month  of  May,  when  the 
French  burnt  their  magazines  at  Atas- 
sio,  and  retired  to  Port  Maurice,  be 
seized  twenty  corn  vessels,  together  with 
a  dep6t  of  arms,  and  galled  the  enemy's 
rear  through  several  miles  of  their  re- 
treat. In  October  the  boatt  of  the  Phae- 
ton captured  the  Spanish  polacre-rigged 
ship,  San  Joseph,  of  14  guni;  and  in 
May,  1801,  with  those  of  the  Naiad, 
captured  TAlcudia,  and  destroyed  el  Ra- 
poso,  Spanish  armed  packets.  Eaiiy  in 
1802,  Captain  Morris  arrived  at  Ports- 
mouth with  despatches  from  Lord  Keith, 
Commander-in-chief  of  the  Mediterra- 
nean fleet. 

On  the  renewal  of  hostilities,  In  1802» 
he  was  nominated  to  the  command  of 
the  Sea  Fencibles,  between  Blackwater 
and  Stour  ;  and,  towards  the  latter  end 
of  the  same  year,  we  find  him  in  the 
Leopard  of  50  guns,  from  whence  he 
went  to  the  Colossus,  74,  the  command 
of  which  ship  he  retained  until  the  au- 
tumn of  J  808.  The  Colossus  formed 
part  of  Lord  Nelson's  fleet  in  the  san- 
guinary combat  off  CapeTrafidgar;  and 
on  that  memorable  occasion  sustained  a 
far  greater  loss  than  any  other  British 
ship,  having  had  40  killed  and  160 
wounded;  among  the  latter  was  her 
gallant  Commander.  For  bis  distin- 
guished conduct  on  that  memorable 
day.  Captain  Morris,  in  common  with 
his  brother  officers,  received  a  gold  me- 
dal, and  the  thanks  of  both  houses  of 
parliament. 

Captain  Morris  subsequently  com- 
manded the  Formidable  of  98  guns.  He 
received  the  honourable  appointment  of 
a  colonelcy  of  Royal  Marines,  July  31, 
1810;  and  beeame  a  Rear-Admiral^ 
Aug.  1,  1811.  His  flag  was  hoisted  on 
board  the  Vigo,  as  second  in  command 
in  the  North  Seas  :  and  here  it  may  be 
recorded,  that  this  appointment  was 
conferred  early  in  Januarv,  ISIS;  when 
Sir  James  proceeded  to  toe  above-men- 
tioned station,  where  bis  flag  continued 
flying  till  the  middle  of  the  ensuing  year. 
For  a  long  period  of  this  time  the  entire 
duties  of  this  arduoos  command  rested 
upon  him  ^  and  bis  proceedings  being 


1830.] 


Obxtuamt. — Adm,  Sir  Edmwml  NagU. 


4G9 


TcprAitdly  iiotSctd  v^ith  &atterinf;  nurlu 
uf  approbation,  it  «••  %iUh  lurpriM  Im 
beheld  tbe  ting  of  a  Vice-Admiral  ap* 
proach  tbe  Stafiotii  iiben  be  ratber  look- 
ed for  a  comonUaion  eonititutiuf  bim 
CoMmander-in-rbief. 

He  iolicitedi  in  eooacqiMnce,  permii- 
•ion  to  return  to  England,  wbicb  be  did 
In  June  1813,  and  struck  bit  flag.  He 
was  nominated  a  K.C.B.  at  tbe  eolarice- 
nient  of  tbe  order,  Jan.  S,  1815.  Uii 
commission  as  Vice-Admind  bore  dale, 
Aug.  IS,  1819. 

It  was  always  considered  of  Sir  James 
Morris,  from  bis  day  of  being  a  first 
Lieutenant  up  to  the  day  when  be  struck 
bis  flag,  that  tbe  quarter-deck  of  bis 
sbip  was  a  school  for  t»^iod  breeding, 
cbeerfulness,  and  gentlemanly  manners. 

Of  Sir  James's  private  character  and 
merits  enough  cannot  be  said,  since, 
tbruogb  tbe  whole  scope  of  his  mi:ss- 
mates,  they  are  loud  in  bis  praise,  as  a 
roan  of  honour  and  integrtfVy  and  from 
having  eiperienced  tbe  worth  of  his  so- 
cial and  amiable  manners. 

Sir  James  Nicoll  Morris  married, 
October  So,  I80S,  Margaret ta -Sarah, 
second  daughter  of  tbe  liue  Thomas  So- 
mcrs  Cocks,  E«q.  banker,  of  Charing 
Cross,  niece  to  tbe  first  Lord  Somert, 
and  sister  to  tbe  lady  of  Viee-Admiral 
Sir  William  Uargood,  K.CB. 


Admiral  Sib  Edmund  Naglb. 

March  1 4.  At  bis  bouse,  at  East 
Moultey,  aged  73,  Admiral  Sir  Edmund 
Nagle,k.CB.  and  G.C.H.  Groom  of  tbe 
Bedchamber  to  bis  Majesty. 

This  Officer  «as  a  nephew  of  that  ce- 
lebrated orator  and  vtatenman,  the  late 
Right  Hon.  Edmund  Burke.  During 
tbe  American  war  he  commanded 
tbe  Polecat,  of  14  guns  fro™  which 
sloop  he  was  rf  moved  into  tbe  Racoon, 
of  tbe  same  forre.  In  tbe  latter  vesftel 
be  bad  the  misfortune  to  be  captured  by 
two  French  frtgaict,  off  tbe  Delaware 
river,  but  wa«  soon  afterwards  liberated 
by  Captain  Elphinstone  (tbe  late  Vis- 
count Keith),  who  fell  in  with,  and  took 
TAigle,  the  sbip  to  wbicb  tbe  Racoon's 
crew  bad  been  conveyed. 

Captain  Nagle  was  afterwards  appoint- 
ed to  tbe  Due  d'Esiitac,  of  14  gunt,  on 
the  Jamai;ra  station.  He  obtained  pott 
rank  Jan.  87,  1783,  but  does  not  appear 
to  bavo  held  any  other  command  prior 
to  tbe  commencement  of  the  war  with 
France,  in  1793,  when  we  find  bim  com- 
manding tbe  Active  frigate»  and  subse- 
quently tbe  Artois,  of  44  guns,  and  S8i 
men,  cruising  on  tbe  French  coaft,  under 
tbe  orders  of  Commodore  Warren.  In 
August,  1794,  he  assisted  at  the  de- 
iiructitoj    of    La    Felicitd    French    fri- 


gate, and  two  eorveitei*  Mar  tbe  Peo- 

marks. 

Oo  tbe  SI  St  Oetober  in  tbe  tame  year, 
tbe  Artois  being  off  U«bant,  In  com- 
pany with  a  squadron  under  Sir  Edwanl 
Pellew,  joined  in  tbe  cbace  of  an  enemy's 
•hip;  and  her  auperior  tailing  afforded 
Capt.  Nagle  tbe  happy  opportunity  of 
disUnguisbing  bimaelf  by  a  weH-cunduet- 
fld  action  of  forty  minutes  i  wlten,  upon 
tbe  approach  of  tbe  other  British  fri- 
gates, tbe  Frenchman  struck  bit  colours. 
The  priie  proved  to  be  La  Revolution- 
naire,  a  fine  frigate*  built  during  tbe 
early  years  of  the  Revolution,  of  44 
ffuns,  and  S.S1  men,  8  of  whom  were 
killed,  and  5  wounded.  TIm  Artois  bad 
Lieut.  Craigy,  of  tbe  roarintt,  and  S 
men  slain,  with  5  wounded.  For  bis 
gallant  conduct  on  tbit  occasion,  Cap- 
tain Nagle  received  tbe  honour  of 
knighthood. 

From  tbit  period  until  July  31,  1797, 
on  wbicb  day  tbe  Artoii  was  lost^  by 
running  upon  a  sand  bank,  when  recon- 
noitring tbe  barbour  of  Rochelle*  Sir 
Edmund  Nagle  was  actively  employed 
under  that  excellent  officer  tbe  late  Sir 
John  R»  Warren,  whose  squadron  kept 
tbe  enemy's  coast  in  a  perpetual  state 
of  alarm.  Tbe  Artoit  also  accompaQied* 
tbe  Commodore  in  an  expeditton  i^ainst 
jijuiberon,  Ac.  in  tbe  summer  of  I79ft« 

For  a  short  time,  io  1 801 » Sir  Edmund 
comounded  tbe  Montagu,  of  74  guiH  i 
and  during  tbe  remainder  of  tbe  wan, 
tbe  Juste,  80.  Siion  after  tbe  renewal 
of  bottilitiety  in  1803,  be  wot  apfiointed 
to  tuperintend  the  Sea  Fencibkst  from 
Ems  worth  to  Beaohy  Head,  on  wbteh 
service  he  continued  until  bis  advance- 
ment to  tbe  rank  of  Rear-Admlral,  Nov. 
9,  1805. 

About  the  commencement  of  tbe  year 
1808,  Sir  Edmund  Nagle  hoisted  bit 
flag  as  Commmider-iu-CUef,  at  Guern- 
sey, from  wheoee  be  removed  to  Leitb, 
where  be  remained  until  tbe  general 
promotion,  July  31,  1810,  when  be  b^ 
came  a  Vice- Admiral.  In  1813  wt  find 
him  at  Newfouudland,  with  bis  flag  in 
the  Antelope,  of  50  guns,  as  Governor  of 
that  Colony  I  aud  in  tbe  following  year, 
when  tbe  allied  monarobs  reviewed  the 
fleet  at  Spit  bead.  Sir  Edmund  bad  tbe 
diAiiiiguiHbed  honour  of  being  oomlnntvd 
a  Naval  Aid-de-Camp  to  bitprMent  Ma- 
jesty, tben  Prince  Regent. 

The  flattering  and  dittinguitbed  markt 
of  favour  experienced  by  Sir  Edmund 
Nagle  from  our  prctent  grmciout  Sove- 
reign, bad  their  origin  in  a  casual  inter- 
view with  tbe  Royal  personage  many 
years  ago,  while  Prince  of  Wales.  Sir 
Edmund  and  bb  lady  bad  for  s«»aiw  years 
been  occasional  vitit9r»  tQ  Brigbtou, 
where  they  rctidedat  an  hotel  j  he  bad 


470 


Obituahy. — Major- Gen.  Charles  Stuart. 


CMiy, 


been  menlioiied  to  Hi«  Royal  Higbnesi 
as  a  most  heruic  and  spirited  teaman ; 
and  his  frank  and  honest  nrnnnen  gain- 
ing upon  the  Prince,  he  very  soon  be- 
came a  constant  and  indispensiible  guest 
at  the  Pavilion;    and   upon   his  Royal 
Highness  becoming  Regent,  a  more  per- 
manent attachment  ensued,  as  he  re- 
ceived an  appointment    in    tbe    royal 
household  soon  after ;  and  upon  the  de- 
mise of  the  late  King,  he  became  en- 
rolled among  the  Grooms  of  the  Bed- 
chamber   to   the   new   Sovereign.      Sir 
Edmund  was  without  guile  or  deception ; 
but  sometimes  his  good  nature  and  sim- 
plicity of  mind  led  to  his  being  made 
the  vehicle  of  the  artifices  with  which 
the  waggish  guests  were  inclined  to  en- 
liven the  princely  table  during  the  festive 
huur.    Mr.  Sheridan  regarded  him  much 
for  his  sincerity  of  heart  and  frank  cha- 
racter, and  always  spoke  of  him  as  well 
deserving  the   confidence   of  his   royal 
master.    So  high  did  he  stand  in  estima- 
tion with  his  Royal  master,  who  loved 
his  nautical  humour,  that  of  late  years 
he  has  been  almost  domesticated  with 
him. 

Sir  Edmund  was  considered  as  an  ex- 
cellent seamen,  and  of  a  most  undaunted 
character.  His  officers  and  seamen  held 
bim  in  great  regard. 

When  Sir  Ekimund  attained  the  rank 
of  Flag  Officer,  he  commanded,  for  a 
short  period,  on  the  north-east  coast  of 
England,  and  was  not  subject  to  any 
superior  Flag  Officer's  authority.  This 
appointment  was  considered  as  compli- 
mentary to  the  Regent,  who,  it  was  ex- 
pected, would  have  embarked  in  one  of 
the  royal  yachts,  but  the  event  did  not 
follow. 

On  the  enlargement  of  the  Order  of 
the  Bath,  in  1815,  Sir  Edmund  was  ap- 
pointed a  Knight  Commanderi  he  was 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  Admiral  in  182-. 
Sir  Edmund  married,  August  16,  1798, 
a  lady  of  ample  fortune,  the  widow  of 
John  Lucie  Blackman,  Esq.  of  Craven- 
street. 


Major-Gen.  Charles  Stuart. 

jfpril,  1828.  At  Calcutta,  aged  about 
G8,  Charles  Stuart,  Esq.  Major-General 
in  the  East  India  Company's  Bengal  Es- 
tablishment. 

General  Stuart  was  a  native  of  the 
county  of  Galway,  in  Ireland.  He  went 
to  India  at  an  early  age,  and  having  en- 
tered into  the  (Company's  military  ser- 
vice, rose,  it  is  believed,  solely  by  his 
own  merit,  lie  devoted  much  of  his 
time  to  the  study  of  the  Eastern  lan- 
guages;  he  was  an  attentive  observer  of 
the  religious  rites  and  customs  of  the 
natives  of  India;  and  expended  consi- 


derable sums  In  the  collection  of  icnlp- 
tures,    MSS.   and   other  curiiMitiet;    a 
large  port  ion  of  which  have  been  lent 
to  this  country,  where  it  is  concrivttd 
very  little  of  the  kind  is  eliewber*  Co  b« 
found,  and  which  are  shortly  to  be  dis- 
posed of  by  Mr.  Christie.    Tbe  MSS.  are 
about  forty  in  number,  chiefly  Sanscrit, 
and  the  greater  part  embellished  with 
illumined     miniatures.       A    few    from 
Oressa,    Ceylon,   and  Arracan,   are  on 
palmetto  leaves.    The  sculptures,  about 
one  hundred  and  eighty  in  number,  are 
of  alabaster,  gritstone,  basalt,  and  atco- 
lite  ;  two  of  them,  representing  the  Jain 
deity,  Parus  Nauth,  are  of  basalt,   five 
and  six  feet  high  ;  and  a  groupe  of  Sivm 
and  other  figures,  of  steolite,  is  tix  feet 
high.      They  comprise  an   iDStructive, 
and    in  many  respects    a  novel  series, 
illustrative  of  the  opinions  of  the  Budd- 
hists, the  Jain  sect  (hitherto  but  little 
known),  and  the  Brahminical  sjntem* 

General  Stuart  was  a  man  of  mild  and 
gentle  manners,  ever  ready  to  do  acts  of 
benevolence,  kindness,  and  generotity> 
and  free  from  the  least  taint  of  pride  or 
avarice.  Otherwise  he  might  have 
amassed  a  much  greater  fortune  than  be 
left  behind  him.  He  had  been  long  in 
the  habit  of  making  annual  remittances 
to  his  kindred  in  Ireland  for  their  better 
support,  besides  affording  pecuniary  as- 
sistance to  many  friends  and  acquaint- 
ances. About  twenty  years  ago  tbeGsneral 
(then  Colonel  Stuart)  came  to  EngUnd, 
and  having  paid  a  visit  to  his  relations 
in  Ireland,  he  next  sought  out  the  abode 
of  the  female  who  nursed  him,  to  whom 
he  made  a  handsome  donation.  After  a 
stay  of  several  months  in  this  and  his 
native  country,  he  went  back  to  Bengal^ 
whence  he  meant  to  return  last  3rear, 
but  did  not  live  to  accomplish  bis  pur- 
pose. By  his  will  be  made  a  handsome 
provision  for  his  numerous  native  ser- 
vants, besides  leaving  several  legacies  to 
friends.  He  named  as  bis  executor  in 
India,  John  Palmer,  Esq.  of  the  long  es- 
tablished firm  of  Palmer  and  Co.  of  Cal- 
cutta, which  it  appears  by  the  newspa- 
pers has  recently  been  obliged  to  sus- 
pend payment,  though  it  is  said  the 
partners  possess  ample  funds  to  satisfy 
all  demands  on  their  bouse. 


Colonel  Madan. 

Feb.  16.  At  his  house  in  the  Close, 
Lichfield,  agedGT,  William-Cbaries  Ma- 
dan, Esq.  a  Colonel  in  the  Army. 

This  Officer  was  tbe  youngest  son  of 
Dr.  Spencer  Madan,  Lonl  Bishop  of  Pe- 
terborough, and  the  Lady  Charlotte,  se- 
cond daughter  of  Charles  Eari  Corn- 
wallis,  and  sister  to  Charles  the  first 
Marquis.  He  was  educated  at  the  Char- 


1830.]        Obituaat.— Co/iMci  Madan.^E.  T.  Gould,  E»q. 


ttrbouM  I  aod  entcrtd  tbt  army  in  1781, 
M  Entifii  In  the  S3d  rtfimeot,  of  which 
hit  tmele,  tbt  Earl,  wai  then  Colonal. 
Having  bcNen  promoted  to  a  Lientenancj 
in  tha  S7th,  May  3,  1789,  ha  Mnred  be- 
twacn  three  and  four  yeart  in  North 
and  Sooth  Carolina,  and  in  Newfound- 
land, dorinf  the  latter  part  of  the  Ame* 
riean  war,  and  returneid  to  England  in 
1785.     He  obtained  a  company  in  tha 
7th  regiment  in  1788,  and  went  out  with 
Lord  Comwallit,  (when  that  nobleman 
wat  appointed  Governor-general)  on  hia 
lordship's  staff,  to  the  East  Indies,  where 
he  served  upwards  of  six  jrears,  including 
the  whole  of  the  first  Mysore  war ;  and 
on  the  submission  of  Tippoo,  and  the 
termination  of  hostilities  in  that  coon- 
try,  was  entrusted  to  bring  home  de- 
spatches, with  the  definitive  treaty  of 
peace;  on  whleh  occasion,  and  in  ac- 
knowledgement of  the  honorable  men- 
tion of  Captain   Madan's  services,  his 
late  Mi^**^  ^**  graciously  pleased  to 
confer  upon  him  the  rank  of  Major  in 
the  Army,  Aug.  1,  1799,  as  a  mark  of 
his  royal  favour,  and  to  present  him  with 
the  sum  of  jf  1000.    He  also  received 
1000  guineas  by  a  vote  of  the  Directors 
of  tha  East  India  Company.     Health 
greatly  impaired  by  exposure  to  various 
climates,  compelled  Mijor  Madan  to  ex- 
changa  on  half-pay  in  1795.  He  obtained 
the  brevet  rank  of  Ueutenant-Colonet  in 

1796.  On  the  appeannce  of  invasion  In 

1797,  he  asfiited,  as  Lieutenant-Colonel, 
in  raising  and  training  one  of  the  Staf* 
fordshire  supplementary  regiments  of 
Militia,  with  which  he  volunteered  to  go 
to  Ireland  during  the  Rebellion }  and  the 
regiment  received  his  late  Majesty's 
most  gracious  thanks.  In  1803  betook 
the  command  of  a  local  corps  uf  Vulun* 
teera.  He  was  promoted  to  the  rank  uf 
Colonel  in  1800;  but  having  originally 
retired  as  «  field  officer,  without  receiv- 
ing the  difference,  and  having  subse- 
quently been  employed,  as  far  as  health 
permitted,  in  the  active  dutifs  uf  his  pro- 
fession I  he  was  much  mortified  by  tha 
stoppage  of  his  brevet  rank,  in  conse- 
quence of  new  regulations,  when  the  pe- 
riod arrived  for  presenting  his  name  for 
the  step  of  Mejur-General. 

He  married  in  1793,  Frances,  third 
daughter  of  the  late  Archdeacon  Fal- 
coners that  lady  survives  him,  having 
had  no  family. 

Few  men  have  lived  more  universally 
esteemed  and  beloved  than  the  subject 
of  tbit  brief  memoir.  Upright  and  ho- 
nourable ill  hit  principles,  courteous  and 
gentlemanly  in  his  manners,  he  possess- 
ed an  amiable  ditpotitlon,  an  enlight- 
ened mind,  a  placid  and  cheerful  tesa- 
per,  a  warm  and  gentroos  heart.    He 


471 

dispensed  his  hospitality  with  a  liberal 
hand,  and  his  numerous  deads  of  charity 
were  without  show.  He  waa  cordially 
attached  to  our  glorious  eonatltotion  in 
church  and  state,  and  sealously  pro- 
moted the  interests  of  true  religion  ;  nor 
should  it  be  omitted,  that  an  humbla 
spirit  of  genuine  piety  shed  its  lustra 
over  all  his  other  virtues. 

His  mortal  remains  were  interred  In  a 
vault  in  the  chancel  of  St  owe  Cboreh 
near  Lichfield. 


Edw.  Thoiotofi  Gotnj),  Esg. 

Feb.  15.  At  Paris,  Edward  Thornton 
Gould,  E«q.  late  Colonel  of  the  Notting- 
hamtbire  Militia;  grandfather  of  tha 
Baronett  Grey  de  Rothyn. 

Mr.  Gonid  wat  the  eldest  son  of  Henry 
Gould,  of  Mansfield  Woodhoose,  eo. 
Nottingham,  Etq.,  by  Mary,  daughter  of 
Rubert  Tboroton,  of  Screveton,  in  tha 
same  county.  At  tha  period  of  his  ma^ 
riage,  October  97»  177&,  with  Lady 
BartMra  Yelverton,  only  daughter  and 
heiress  of  Henry  third  Earl  of  Sosscs, 
(and  then  only  fifteen  years  of  age), 
Mr.  Gould  was  an  ofllcer  in  tha  fourth 
foot.  Lady  Barbara  Gould  had  two 
daughters  and  one  son  ;  Barbara,  who 
died  young ;  Mary,  married  in  1807  to 
the  Hon.  and  Rev.  Frederick  Powys,aiid 
has  several  children  i  and  Heoiy,  who, 
on  the  death  of  his  grandfather,  the  last 
Eari  of  Sussex,  succeeded  in  1799  to  tha 
barony  of  Grey  de  Ruthvn,  and  died  in 
1810,  leaving  by  Anna  Maria,  daughter 
of  William  Kellam,  Etq.  (ramarrlrd  in 
1890  to  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  William 
Eden)  one  infant  daughter,  Barbara,  tha 
present  Baroness  Grey  de  Ruthyn. 

Lady  Barbara  GiHild,  although  tha 
mother  of  three  children,  died  befora 
she  had  completed  her  twenty-first  year, 
Aprils,  1781.  Colonel  Gould  married 
secondly,  Dec.  19,  1799,  the  Hon.  Anna 
Dormer,  eldest  daughter  of  Charfea^ 
eighth  Lord  Dormer,  and  sister  to  tha 
ninth  and  tenth  Lords. 

Colonel  Gould  served  the  office  of 
high-sheriff  of  Nottinghamshire  in  1799, 

N.  B.  Haliiro,  Eso. 

Fkh.  18.  In  West  Square,  Surrcj» 
aged  79,  Nathaniel  Brassey  HaUiad. 
Esq. 

'This  gentleman,  who  in. early  Ufa 
was  regarded  as  an  Individual  of  mw 
than  ordinary  talent,  was  educated  at 
Harrow.  •<  Nathaniel  Brassy  Halhed,** 
sajfs  Dr.  Johnstone,  in  his  Life  of  Dr. 
Parr,  **  was  another  of  Parr's  schoolfSd- 
lows  or  pupils  whilst  at  Harrow.  1  shall 
give  some  of  his  letters,  and  also  soma  of 
Walter  Pollard  and  Forteadne,  and  other 
of  his  juvenile  friends,  shonhl  there  ha 


472 


Obitvary. — .V.  b.  Hallitd,  £49. — Mr.  Klote, 


[Mav, 


Kpare  e.no%ig\i  in  tli«  /Ippeiiili&t*'  '«bir*h, 
bc»»4:v«*r,  wft^  iitK  tbe  cam*;.  Witb  Lit* 
•cboolfellvw,  Kicbaid  Briusliey  SberifUu, 
be  coiupoMKi  *'  Tbe  Firit  Pan  of  tbe 
Lovir  iCptstles  of  Arittaeetufi,  traiislatfcd 
froiu  tbe  Greek  into  £iif:likb  metr*'." 
Tbis  wa«  publisbed  by  Wilkie  in  iTTli 
aud  tbe  Preface  tbut  concludes:  *'Tbe 
origiual  ii>  divided  into  two  parts ;  tbe 
present  eiisay  contains  only  tbe  first :  by 
its  success  luust  tbe  fate  of  tbe  second 
be  determined.  —  H.  and  S."  [Halbed 
and  Sberidnii.]  Ibe  second  part  ue\er 
ajipeared, 

Mr.  Halbed  sraKed  in  life  at  a  civil 
servaitt  ol  tbe  Ewst  India  Company  at 
Ben^al^  and  jmblisbed  tbe  following 
works  relative  to  tbe  Cast :  **  A  Code  of 
Gentoo  Laws,  or  Ordinations  of  tbe 
Pundits,  from  a  Persian  translation,*' 
I77C,*  4to,  1777,  8vo ;  **  A  Grammar  of 
tbe  Bengal  Lauguas^e/'  primed  at 
Hoogly,  in  Bencai,  4<o,  177^ ;  '<  A 
Narrative  of  tbe  Events  wbicb  bave  hap- 
pened in  Bombay  and  Bengal  relative  to 
tbe  Mabratta  Empire  since  July,  1777/' 
fi¥Q,  I77y. 

After  bii  return  fo  England,  in  1790, 
be  was  an  unsuccessful  candidate  for 
tbe  borougb  of  fifei'.>ester,  but  in  May, 
1791  y  on  a  vacancy,  obtained  a  seat  in 
Parliamf lit  for  Lyniington. 

In  1793-4  be  publikbed  in  four  parts, 
in  4to,  **  Imitations  of  tbe  Epigrams  of 
Marti^il." 

In  1795  lie  afforded  a  melancholy  and 
memoralile  instance  of  tbe  occasional 
eccentricity  of  men  of  taknt,  by  becom- 
ing tb<!  avoMri'd  (.'bampion  of  the  soi- 
ilisant  prophet,  Kicbard  Brothers,  and 
publicly  professing  his  belief  in  the  pre- 
tended mii»»ioti  of  that  wretched  fanatic. 
In  this  character  he  put  forth  in  the 
course  of  that  year,  the  fcUuvirifig  publi- 
cations:  ''The  Mrholeof  ih(*  Tesiiniunies 
to  the  Aiitheiitiriiy  of  the  Prophecies  of 
Richard  HnithiTS,  and  of  his  Mission  to 
recall  I  lift  .li'MrSi"  **  A  Word  of  Admoni- 
tiuii  10  ihe  Rijitht.  lion.  VVm.  Pitt,  in  :ui 
KpistJc  occasiuitcd  by  the  Prophecies  of 
Brother*  i"  "Two  Letters  to  (hu  Right 
llmi.  Liird  Louf^hhurough  ;"  <'Spi;ech 
in  tlie  llouie  of  Commons,  March  .'U, 
I79<S|  rffepectinj:  the  coniiuenivnt  of  Mr. 

•  In  177ri,  the  lluv.  (ieorgc  Costard 
published  '*  A  Letter  to  Nathaniel  Bras- 
sey  llalhed,  K4(|.,  containing  some  Re- 
marks on  his  Preface  to  the  Code  of 
(teiitoo  Laws  lately  nublished."  «A 
letter  evidcuily  dictateu,  not  by  the  spi- 
rit uf  critifism,  hut  by  the  love  of  truth, 
and  for  which  Mr.  Costard  deserved  the 
thanks  of  every  friend  to  rfvelatiun/'-* 
NichuU's  Literary  Anecdotes,  Vol.  il. 
p.  4J1. 


Br^itbers,  tbe  Propbet ;  '*  «<  A  CaleuUtioo 
of  tl«e  Millenium,  wiib  Observatiuus  oa 
tbe  Pampbleu  eutitled,  '  Secand  Argo- 
ments,*  &G.,  and  tbe  <  Age  of  Credubty,* 
together  with  a  Speech  delivered  in  tbe 
House    of  Commons,    March    31  ;    an 
original  Letter  written  by  Bnitbers  in 
1790  to  P.  Stephens,  Esq.;  aud  also  a 
paper  pointing  out   tbosf  parts  of  bis 
prophecies  that  bave  already  been  ful- 
fiMed;"  "Ausw*rr  to l>r.  Hornets  second 
Pampblet,    entitled,    <  Occasional    Re- 
marks;' "  **  Second  Speech  in  the  House 
of  Commons,  April  £!.  1795.  respecting 
tbe  detention  of  Mr.  Brothers,  tbe  Pro- 
phet."    Sucb  as  may  feel  any  curiosity 
respecting  these  bygone  wonders,    will 
find  a  long  exaisiaatiou  of  some  of  these 
pamphlets    in    our    volume    for    1795, 
pp.  223 — 229,  and  in  tbe  Monthly  Re- 
view  of  tbe  same  year.    In  tbe  latter  is 
the  following  paragraph  :^* 

"  Mr.  Brothers  has  no  pretensions  to 
literature: — but  to  see  a  gentleman 
eminent  for  his  mental  abilities,  aud  ex- 
tensive; attainments  in  classical,  and 
particularly  in  oriental,  literature  aud 
science  |  to  behold  such  a  man  a  convert 
to  the  unparalleled  reveries  of  the  pro- 
phet of  Paddin^on,  is  an  object  of  sucb 
novel  appearance,  that  we  are  almost  at 
a  loss  for  words  Co  esprets  our  surprise, 
and  indeed  concern,  on  tbe  oecaaion! 
What  a  strange  alliance  is  here  between 
knowledge,  taste,  and  wit-<-aud  ignor- 
ance, infatuation,  and  perhaps  iusanity. 
*^  Who  would  not  laugh,  if  sucb  a  man 

there  be  ? 
Who  would  not  weep  if  Atticus  were 
he?" 
By  this  foolish  business,  and  tbe  dis- 
solution of  1796,  Mr.  Halhed's  public 
career  was  closed,  and  he  has  since  lived 
in  retirement. 

A  portrait  of  biro,  drawn  from  the 
life,  by  J.  Cniiksbank,  and  engraved  by 
White  in  8vo,  was  publisbed  by  Croti  y 
in  179&. 


Mr.  Klosb. 

March  B.  In  Beaumont-street,  Mary- 
lehonr,  Mr.  F.  J.  Klose,  an  eminent  mu- 
sical composer,  per&>rmer,  and  teacher. 

This  gentleman  was  born  in  London, 
the  son  of  a  well-known  member  of  tbe 
same  profession,  and  studied  composi- 
tion and  the  piano-forte  under  tbe  cele- 
brated Francesco  Tomich,  and  others, 
in  the  course  of  his  life  be  was  a  mem- 
ber of  most  of  tbe  orrht-stras  in  London, 
particularly  of  the  King's  Theatre,  and 
the  Concert  of  Ancient  Music.  As  a 
piano- forte  teacher  he  was  eminentlv 
skilful,  and  as  a  composer  he  was  mncn 
eaieemed  for  facile  works,  of  a  deierip- 
tioii  culruLited  to  promote  the  end  of 


1850.]     Obituary.— -Rer.  T.  Prince,  D.D.—Rev.  J.  B.  Sanders.     473 


Innnietion.  He  also  excelled  in  balUdt 
of  a  fiathetio  and  teiiti mental  catf. 
Amonftt  these  may  be  particularly  nen- 
tioned  Lord  Byron's  '<  Adit>u!  adieu! 
roy  native  land  ;"  Lady  Caroline  Lamb's 
<*  Caii'it  tbuu  bit!  my  be^rt  forget/'And 
otbfrf  from  her  Udythip's  novel  of  Gle- 
narvon  ;  *'  The  Rote  bad  been  washed," 
by  Cow  per,  8cc.  Indeed  the  catalof^ue 
of  bis  works  is  very  exteimive.  He  was 
the  author,  too,  of  several  ballets  and 
detached  piece*,  performed  with  success 
at  the  King's  Tb*  aire. 

Rsv.  Thomas  Princk,  D.D. 

Jan,  88.  At  Bremmel  House,  Bromp- 
ton,  sged  48,  the  Rev.  Thnmaa  IVioce, 
D.  D.  allemate  Morning  Preacher  at  Oxford 
Chapel,  and  Fellow  oif  Wadham  College, 
Oaford. 

Dr.  PrioM  was  the  second  surviving  son 
of  tha  Rev  J.  Prioce,  the  present  veneralile 
Chaplaio  uf  the  Msj^dalen,  and  distinguished 
bimsrlf  while  at  Oxfurd,  not  only  by  his 
brilUaot  talents,  but  by  a  spirit  of  iodepenrf- 
ence,  which,  had  1m  not  been  a  roan  of 
principle,  would  have  put  him  at  tlie  bead 
of  the  roaloontenta  of  the  University.  Al- 
thoogb  plucked,  as  it  is  technically  cslled^ 
at  bis  first  eaaniinatioa  for  honours,  because 
be,  perhaps  imprudently,  remonstrated  with 
the  examiners  for  giving  bim  a  corrupted 
passage  in  (we  thiuk)  Lucretius,  he  wu 
neveruieless  put  into  the  second  high  chus, 
though  he  had  the  temerity  to  doa  his  cap, 
and  to  quit  the  theatre,  and  to  refuse  to  re- 
turn when  summoned.  Soon  after  taking 
holy  orders,  1811,  he  was  appointed  pre- 
eeptor  to  the  two  sons  of  the  hero  of  Quatre 
Bras,  the  Duke  of  Brunswick  Oels,  over 
wh«»se  estiUishment  iu  England  he  bad  on- 
limited  control  daring  the  space  of  nearly 
five  years,  at  the  expiration  of  which  be  re- 
turned with  them  to  Brunswick  in  1815. 
After  the  ^1  of  that  illustrious  soldier.  Dr. 
Prince  retained  his  higa  office,  in  coofor- 
■sity  with  Um  Duke's  will,  until  it  was  rs- 
solved  by  the  govemmeat  of  Brunswick  to 
give  a  German  the  lead  in  the  education  of 
the  youths,  a  determination  which  was  fol- 
lowed by  the  resignation  of  the  preceptor, 
to  the  great  njmt  of  his  spirited  charge. 
Returning  to  England,  he  projected  some 
reforms  at  Oxford,  and  by  a  veto  in  tite  con* 
vocatioa«  oo  a  subject  of  interest,  again 
drew  upon  him  the  angry  notice  of  those  in 
power  {  but  be  was  saved  from  further  con- 
test ia  EogUuid  by  being  suddenly  called, 
by  the  late  Duke  of  Kent,  to  Brussels,  to 
become  Chaplain  to  himself  and  the  British 
leeidents.  Here  he  found  a  powerful  op- 
position making  to  the  royal  interest  by  a 
party  of  whtob  the  late  Duke  of  Richasond 
appeaved  the  head,  and  Dr.  Prince  soon 
became  involved  in  the  broils  of  one  of  the 
jDOst  violent  disputes  oo  rnoofd.  By  the 
Gent.  Mao.  May,  18^. 


interposition,  however,  of  the  King  of  the 
Netherhmds,  the  storm  at  length  abated* 
and  his  Majesty  offered  to  the  Uoctor,  Ksr 
bis  congregation,  one  of  the  churches  firt- 
queuted  by  himself  and  tlie  royal  fitmily. 
From  Brussels  he  removed,  at  the  invita- 
tion of  tha  Countess  of  Athlone,  to  the 
Hague*  where  he  became  her  ladyship's 
cliaplain,  and  the  conductor  of  a  flourishing 
school.  His  sute  of  liealth  compelled  hiat 
in  1825,  to  return  to  England;  from  which 
period  until  his  decease,  he  has  occasionally 
taken  clerical  duty  in  tlie  cha|iels  at  the 
west-end  of  the  metropolis,  and  aMisted  in 
tlie  education  of  youth. 

Dr  Prince  was  much  notioed  by  the  late 
Princess  Charlotte*  who  encouraged  him  to 
expect  her  unqualified  futare  favour  and 
patronage.  In  like  manner,  the  late  Kia^ 
of  Bavaria,  the  Margravine  of  Baden,  and 
other  members  of  the  coottoental  grsat 
families,  both  made  him  tlieir  confideatiai 
friend  and  adviser,  and  promised  him  thdr 
countenance  and  notice.  The  ruthless  hand 
of  death  lay  heavily  on  his  patrons  t  and 
bis  own  somewhat  proud  spirit  stooped  not- 
to  ask  advancement. 

Limited  as  Dr.  Prince's  means  of  doing 
good  were,  by  the  loss  of  his  powerful 
firieods,  he  was  by  no  means  slow  in  tha 
performance  of  acts  of  kindness,  not  to  say 
beneficence ;  which,  though  they  of^n  low- 
ered his  purse*  proved  him  to  possess  a  feel* 
iog  heart  and  a  most  Christian  philanthropy. 
Inconsistent  he  might  have  been,  with  many 
other  honest  and  good  men ;  but  his  errors 
were  the  result  of  circumstance  and  situation  i 
and  liad  he  been  less  irritable  in  constitn- 
tional  stmctore,  he  had  yet  lived  to  show 
himself  an  ornament  to  his  country  and  to 
mankind. 

His  death  was  somewhat  sodden.  Resi- 
dent in  the  house  of  a  kind  and  indulgent 
friend,  he  so  fiu>  neglected  his  health  as  to 
make  liule  observation  of  a  oommon  symp- 
tom of  caUrrhal  affection — sore  throat. 
Abscess  took  pUce,  and  delirium  ensued* 
and  in  three  days  he  was  no  more. 

Rsv.  JoHM  BuTLxa  SAWDtas,  M.A. 

March  1 5.  At  the  Rectory,  Bread-street- 
hill,  the  Rev.  John  Butler  Sanders.  M.A. 

He  was  the  oaly  son  of  the  Rev.  Henry 
Sanders,  formerly  curate  of  Shenstone  ia 
Staffordshire,  assistant  master  of  the  free- 
school,  Birmingham*  and  afterwards  master 
of  the  free  grammar  school  at  Hales  Owen* 
Salop,aod  perpetual  oorate  of  Old  buy  ohapeU 
He  died  in  1785.  He  married  Miss  Elisabeth 
Butler,  an  amiable  lady  whom  he  Iwd  the 
miafortune  to  Iom  after  a  happy  naioo  of 
a  very  few  years.  They  left  an  only  son» 
the  aabjeot  of  thb  osemoir.  He  was  adn- 
eated  at  Birmingham  lree*seboi»l,  and  after* 
wards  at  Worcester  eollege,  Oafiwd,  whera 
be  took  the  degree  of  M.A.  17^0. 


The  Memoirs  of  John  Sanqiaon,  Esq,  the  late 
highly-respected  SoUcitor-generiU  at  Syd- 
ney in  New  South  WdUt;  Dr.  Lister, 
the  Rev.  Joseph  CassoHf  Joseph  HayeSf 
Esq.,  and  others,  are  unavoidably  dtferred 
to  our  next. 


474  OEVtvkKH.'^Rev.J.B.Sanderii  M»A.*-^T,  Collins,  Esq.  F.S.A,  [May, 

In  1786  Mr.  Sanden  was  minister  of  Uie         Such  %  life,  employed  in  the  exereite  o 
English  church  %%  Oottenburg ;  but  about     virtue*     wm    attecded    with    coniiderable 
forty  years  since  returned  to  the  metropolis ;      wealth  ;  this  he  has  distributed  among  hit 
where  he  o£Bciated  as  a  laborious  curate  till      relations,    without    forgetting    the  friends 
his  death.     He  was  in  1794  curate  of  St.     with  whom  he  associated. 

Alban's  Wood-street,  and  lecturer  of  St.  

Olave's,  Old  Jewry ;  he  afterwards  was  curate 
of  St.  Faith's;  and  died  a  city  curate  in 
Bread-street-hill.  Mr.  Sanders  was  also 
second  master  of  the  free  grammar  school 
of  St.  Olave,  Southwark.  Mr.  Butler,  sen. 
wrote  **  the  Hi&tory  and  Antiquities  of  Shen- 
stone,  Staffordshire,"  which  was  published 
after  his  death  by  his  son,  in  1 794,  and  to 
which  he  prefixed  a  short  account  of  his 
father  and  his  fiimify.  This  work  is  now 
very  rarely  to  be  met  with.  From  this  oe- 
count  it  apcears,  that  it  was  at  his  mother's 
earnest  wisn  Mr.  Butler  was  bred  to  the 
ministry.  The  evening  before  she  departed, 
she  desired  to  see  her  only  child,  wno  was 
not  five  years  old ;  after  givine  him  some 
important  instructions  for  his  niture  life ,  it 
was  her  express  order,  that  he  should  choose 
no  other  profession  than  a  minister  of  Christ; 
that,  be  his  fortune  ever  so  small,  he  should 
disregard  lucre,  care  of  preferments,  &c.  for 
that  that  employment,  properly  discharged, 
Was  superior  to  any  other  in  the  world.  Mr. 
Sanders  was  formerlv  an  active  manager  of 
the  Royal  Humane  Society,  and  frequently 
advocated  the  cauie  of  that  excellent  charity 
in  the  pulpit. 


Thomas  Collins,  Esq.  F.S.A. 
May  3.     Aged  95,  Thomas  Collins,  Esq. 
of  Berners  Street,  and  of  Finchley,  Middle- 
sex, r.o.A. 

Ifa  long  life,  spent  in  the  exercise  of  all 
the  duties  of  society,  claim  a  record,  this 
memorial  cannot  better  be  merited  than  by 
the   late  Mr.  Collins.     His   career  in  mt 
commenced  in  business ;  he  undertook,  with 
the  late  Mr.  White  and  others,  the  con- 
tinuation of  the  excellent  houses  in  Harley 
Street,  Marylebone,    which    they  accom- 
plished successfully.     In  the  pursuits  of  bu- 
siness he  did  not  neglect  the  cultivation  of 
his    mind,  so  that  he  became  a  desirable 
member  of  the  society  of  Dr.  Johnson,  Sir 
William  Chambers,  the  architect  (to  whom 
he  was  executor),  Mr.  Baretti,  Major  Ren- 
nell,  Rev.  Dr.  Burney,  Mr.  Strahan,  Mr. 
Nichols,  and  others.     He  was  foreman  of 
the  jury  at  the  trial  of  Lord  George  Gor- 
don, and  the  writer  of  this  article  has  beard 
the  late  Lord  Erskine  express  how  much  he 
owed  to  his  firmness  and  discrimination  in 
that  important  event.      He  afierwards  be- 
came an  active  magistrate  of  the  oountj 
of  Middlesex,  and  the  father  of  the  vestry 
of  St.  Marvlebone. 

Mr.  Collins  had  the  happiness  to  be 
united  to  a  lady  whose  views  in  lifts  were 
quite  accordant  with  his  own ;  she  lived  till 
the  end  of  the  year  1824,  a  bright  example 
of  conjugal  affection  and  urbanity. 


DEATHS. 
London  and  its  Vicinity. 

Jan.  SI.  In  the  King's  Beach  prison, 
Mr.  Revetj  son  of  the  late  John  Pytcbes, 
esq.  formerly  M.  P.  for  Sudbury,  who  died 
last  June  in  the  same  place  (see  a  memoir 
of  him  in  our  last  volume,  pt.  i.  p.  669). 
Mr.  Revet  took  that  name  as  heir  to  the 
property  of  his  maternal  ancqstors  the  Re- 
vets of  Brandeston-hall,  and  the  wreck  of 
the  property,  which  is  still  considerable,  de- 
volves on  his  son,  who  is  a  very  fine  fauL 

Fdj,  1 1 .  In  Sussex-place,  Refent'e-park, 
aged  54,  Peter  Latooche,  esq.  of  Belle  Vue, 
CO.  Wioklow.  He  was  one  of  the  sons  ol 
the  Rt.  Hon.  David  Latouehe,  and  brother 
to  David  Latouehe,  esq.  late  M.  P.  for  eo. 
Cariow,  and  the  late  Countess  of  Laaesbo- 
roogh.  He  was  M.  P.  for  the  county  of 
Leitrim  from  1808  to  1806 ;  and  succeoded 
to  the  estates  of  his  uncle  Peter  Latouehe^ 
esq.  in  the  county  of  Wieklow,  in  1B98 
(see  vol.  zcYiii.  iL  650). 

Feb*  98.  Lady  Augusta  de  Amebnd.  Her 
ladyship  was  the  fourth  daughter  of  John 
4  th  Earl  of  Dunmore,  by  Lady  Charlotte 
Stewart,  6th  dau.  of  Alexander  6th  Earl  of 
Galloway.  She  was  married  at  Rome,  April  4, 
1798,  to  his  Royal  Highness  the  Duke  of 
Sussex ;  the  ceremony  was  repeated  at  St. 
George's,  Hanover-square,  in  the  December 
following ;  but,  in  coBseqoenee  of  the  Aoi 
19  Geo.  III.  ch.  11,  prohibiting  the  de* 
scendants  of  George  the  Second  to  marry 
without  permission  from  the  Crown,  the  id* 
liance  was  declared  null  and  void  by  the 
Prerogative  Court  in   Auguat   1794.     Her 
ladyship  gave  birth  by  t^  Duke  to  a  aon^ 
Col.  Augustus  D'Este,  and  a  dan.  Baaed 
Augusu,  both  still  living.    After  ber  lady- 
ship's separation  from  the  Dnke»  she  had 
the  Royal  license,  in  Oct.  1806^  to  nee  tlia 
name  of  de  Ameland. 

FA,  96.  In  Gimfion-steet,  agad  88>  H. 
Gray,  esq. 

In  the  Regent's  -  park,  aged  76^  Mn. 
Morritt. 

Meereh  13.  At  Chelsea,  aged  16,  Geoiga 
third  and  youngest  son  of  the  Rev.  Weadea 
Butler,  M.  A. 

March  1 5.  In  Spring-gardenty  agad  79» 
Mrs.  Jane  Bum. 


issoo 


Obituary. 


47* 


March  1 8.  Al  his  brocber'fl,  Upptr  Gower- 
•treet*  aged  60,  S.  S.  Chaactllor,  m<}.  lUe 
of  the  Eiiit  Iodi»>boaw. 

At  KMiUfh-towtt,  Jmdm  NtwboQy  Mq. 
of  Docton'  CoaiDioiM. 

March  90.  Id  Quc«D-fq.  BloomslMuryy 
NieholM  Power,  etq. 

Al  Hftcknej,  aged  88,  Mra.  Sarah  RoberU. 

March  99.  At  Vaoahall,  aged  77,  4ohn 
Ljoo,  caq. 

March  97.  In  Kegent't-park,  aged  90, 
Augutta-Marla-Selioa,  dan.  of  Hon.  Mn. 
Gravet,  and  niece  of  Lord  Say  and  Sele. 

At  fielmoot-hoosey  Vauxhall*  i^ed  81, 
ThoRMM  Evance,  esq.  Bencher  of  the  Mid- 
dle Tenple ;  upwards  of  50  years  Recorder 
of  KingsUm-upoo-Thaines,  and  hOe  one  of 
the  Jvstieee  or  Unbn-hall. 

A#arcA98.  Elisabeth,  wife  of  ThouM 
Crook,  esq.  of  Battersea  Rise. 

Aged  34,  David  Latooche,  esq  eldest  son 
of  late  Col.  David  Latouche,  esq.  M.  P.  for 
CO.  Carlow,  and  Lady  Cecilia  Leeson,  dan. 
of  Joeeph  1st  Earl  of  Mtltoirn,  nephew  to 
Peter  Latooche,  esq.  above  notioed,  and 
brother  to  Lady  Branden. 

March  99.  In  Montagu -place,  aged  78, 
Wm.'Henry  Crowder,  esq. 

March  ao.  At  Heme-hill,  aged  79,  Cbaa. 
Terry,  esq.  late  of  Bedft»rd  row. 

AforeAsi.  In  Sloane-st.  aged  85,  Thot. 
Barnard,  esq.  formerly  of  (be  Civil  Senrico, 
Madras. 

Laitlv.  Aged  64,  G.  B.  Downing,  esq. 
son  of  the  Rev.  Mr.  D.  Rector  of  QuaUiton, 
BiMks. 

John  Staniforth,  esq.  of  Norton -hall, 
Suffolk,  a  merchant  of  London,  formerly  a 
Bank  Director,  and  M.P.  for  Hull  from  1 809 
to  1818. 

April  1 .  In  Charlotte-strtei,  Blackfrian- 
mad,  aged  86,  Alex.  Lean,  esq.  many  years 
Sccratary  to  thr  Hudeon'a-Bay  Company. 

April  a.  Aged  49,  George  Beloe,  eeq.  of 
the  Ordnanoe  Department,  third  son  of  (be 
bu  Rev.  WUIiam  Beloe,  B.  D.  F.  S.  A. 

Afnl  4.  Mra.  Ogle,  eldest  dau.  of  P.  J. 
MUea,  esq.  M.  P. 

Margarat-Eve-Sophia,  youngest  dau.  of 
John  Mitobell,  eM].  Charles-et.  Berkalev-sq. 

Apiril  5.  At  Keoningtoo,  aged  45,  Har- 
riett, widow  of  Mr.  John  Tbomtoo,  of  East 
Retford,  Notts,  and  dau.  of  the  laU  Capt. 
Becks,  Adfotaae  of  the  Notts.  Militia. 

April  B,  In  Brumviek-strae^  Blackfriare- 
rond,  Mra.  Borcbett.  She  was  buried  at  Ca- 
venbam,  near  Reodiog,  oa  (be  91sl,  and  has 
bequeathed  the  foHowmg  in  charity :  3,000/. 
lo  the  British  and  Foreign  Bible  SoctMvi 
9,000/.  to  Missionary  Soeieiies  \  600^  lo  the 
Briiiek  and  Foreign  School,  Boroogh-fond  i 
l,AOO/.  in  trust  lo  ber  own  Chapel  aft  Caivw 
sham,  in  Oxfordshira,  (which  she  bntkaft 
htf  own  ospense,)  to  eopport  a  minitlir  for 
ever ;  500/.  to  the  almsboosei  of  Wottoa* 
onder-Edgn ;  100<.  to  the  poor  of  Cnver- 
sharo;    lOOt   to    (ho  Bliad   School,   Si. 


Qeorge't^Us;  and  100/.  (o  the  Bath  In- 
firmary for  curing  dieeaies  of  the  eye. 

At  Whitehdl,  (he  Hon.  Louisa-Mwy 
SmiUi,  dau.  ol  Lord  Carrington. 

At  hb  mother's,  in  Torrington-sq.  agnd 
88,  James  T.  Smoult,  esq. 

April  7.    At  (he  Treasurer's,  Guy's-hoa- 

E'ul,  Mary,  widow  of  Captain  Chas.  Pally, 
oyalNavy. 

April  1 1.  In  Hampstead-road,  A.  Franki- 
net,  esq. 

AprU  1 9.  At  Kennington,  aged  57,  Ann, 
wils  of  Lewb  WoUii,  esq. 

In  Gower-st.  aged  7 1 ,  Catherine,  wklow 
of  the  Rev.  Robert  BUyney,  of  lluferd, 
Northamptonshire,  and  half-sister  to  Lofd 
Howard  of  Effingham.  Slie  was  the  elder 
dau.  of  Henry  Howard,  of  Arundel,  esq.  by 
hb  fint  wife  Catherine,  dau.  of  the  tUv. 
John  Carlton,  D.D. 

AprU  14.  At  her  son's,  in  Great  George- 
st.  the  ralict  of  Major  Blundell,  esq.  and 
sister  of  the  late  J.  Houghton,  M.D.  F.R.S. 

In  Uppe<' Norton  at.  aged  74,  Major  Kas- 
dillon,  of  the  9th  cavalry. 

April  16.  Aged  69,  Mr.  Harriss,  sea.  of 
SaviUe-house,  Leioester-sq. 

AprU  17.  At  Kensington,  aged  99,  Mark, 
eldest  son  of  the  late  Hon.  George  Winn, 
Mi".,  of  Wariey  Lodge,  Essex,  (of  whom 
we  nve  a  memoir  in  vol.  xcvii.  ii.  p  559.) 
He  has  left  one  younger  brother,  woo  now 
becomee  the  heir  presumptive  (o  (he  Bn- 
rony  i^  HeadJey. 

AprU  18.  A(  Walham-Green,  aged  89, 
universally  lamented  and  respected,  Mr. 
John  Faulkner,  sen.  who  was  one  of  the 
oldest  bhabitants  of  that  parbh.  Hb  ra- 
mains  wera  interred  in  the  vault  in  Ful- 
ham  church-yard,  in  which  the  fiunily  bnvo 
been  deposited  for  mora  than  a  oeotuiy. 
(See  Faulkoer'a  Hbtory  of  Fulham.) 

AprU  91.  Aged  68,  Margarat,  wilo  of 
C  Coouell,  esq.  of  York-gale,  Regeaft'a- 
park. 

In  Cadogao-plnoe,  Chariea  Hopkinaon, 
esq.  Banker  in  Regent*strect. 

In  Regent's-park,  Helen,  eldest  dan.  of 
late  W.  Sinclair,  esq.  of  Brack,  Orkney. 

AprU  93.  In  Grusvenor-sq.  in  hb  5th 
year,  the  Rt.  Hoo.  Thos.  Grey,  Vbeoont 
GrayHle-WUton,  only  chiU  of  (he  Eari  of 
Wilton. 

AprU  94.  At  the  bonee  of  her  melt 
Thos.  Gora,  esq.  Nottingbnm-jplaoe,  EOea, 
dau.  of  laU  Charles  Orkodo  uore,  eeq.  of 
Tring  Park,  Uerta. 

AprU  96.  In  Upper  Bedford-pbee,  upd 
IP,  Harriot,  eldeai  dMk  of  Edw.Dod&l- 
¥ille,  esq. 

AprU  97.  At  Camberwell,  Mary,  yoMig- 
•s(dau.oflaleGBp(.  Hewy  Geary,  ILA. 

Aged  59,  Joeeph  Dimneoa  Craekiy, 
esq.  Maneioa»heuse  street. 

AprU  98.  In  Craig^t- court,  i^  19, 
Niobolaa,  aeoond  son  oif  Join  Penrse,  esq. 
M.P.  for  ^ 


478 


Obituasy.— fiiU  of  Mortality.'— Markets, 


[May, 


theriDe-Francesy  eldest  dau*  of  J.  Lusford, 
esq.  of  Higham. 

May  5.  At  Brighton,  aged  50,  Man- 
anoe,  wife  of  Henry  Hopkins,  esq.  of  High 
Cliff,  Hants. 

Warwick. — Lately.  At  Coventry,  the 
relict  of  John  Hewitt,  esq.  youngest  and 
last  surviving  dau.  of  Rev.  John  Dyer,  A. 
M.,  formerly  oi  Aberglassney,  Author  of  the 
"  Ruins  of  Rome,"  "The  Fleece,"  &c. 

Wilts. — May  15.  Benjamin  Hay  ward, 
sen.  esq.  of  West  Lavington. 

Yorkshire. — Lately.  At  York,  Tim. 
Bentiey,  esq.  of  Lockwood.  He  has  be* 
queathed  to  the  trustees  of  the  Methodist 
ehapel,  Huddersfield,  lOOOt,  in  addition  to 
1000/.  given  to  the  chapel  two  years  ago; 
and  10002.  to  the  Methodist  Female  Bene6t 
Society. 

jipril  93.  At  Newby  Park,  aged  6,  John 
Wm.,  only  son  of  J.  C.  Ramsden,  esq.  M.P. 
and  grandson  of  Sir  John  Ramsden,  Bart. 

Aged  SS,  at  the  Vicarsge,  Harewood, 
Mary- Ann,  wife  of  the  Rev.  R.  Hale,  and 
eldest  dau.  of  John  Loft,  esq.  of  Stainton 
Hall,  near  Louth. 

May  6,  Aged  94,  Matilda,  youngest  dau. 
of  Wm.  Burton,  esq.  of  Tumham  Hall,  near 
Selby. 

May  7.  At  York,  Jane,  eldest  dau.  o^ 
late  Edw.  Ombler,  esq.  of  Camerton  Hall. 

Irel kKD^—j^prU  91.  At  Cork,  Dr.  Lo- 
gan, the  Catholic  Bishop  of  Meadi. 


Abroad^ — Fei.  14.  At  the  Cape  of  Good 
Hope,  on  her  passage  from  Bombay,  the 
wife  of  Gen.  Sir  Thos.  Bradford,  only  dau. 
of  late  James  Atkinson,  Esq.  of  Newcastle. 

Lately.  At  Salzbourg,  aged  80,  in  indi- 
gence, the  sister  of  Mozart,  who,  in  her 
younger  days  was  very  celebrated  for  her 
musical  knowledge. 

At  Bourdeaux,  Joseph  Hill  Pears,  Esq. 
late  Major  64th  Foot,  from  which  be  retired 
about  1 890. 

Near  Paris,  the  widow  of  Col,  Jenninn, 
eld.  dau.  of  late  C  Campbell,  esq.  of  BaUi*  ■ 

At  Paris,  aged  98,  the  Hon.  Robt.  Arthur 
Southwell,  only  son  o(  Ld.  Vise.  Southwell. 

At  Keitah,  E.L,  Lt.-Col.  H.  W.  WUkia- 
son,  commanding  the  99d  N.L 

In  Bombay,  (norce  Charles  Wrongbton, 
Esq.  of  the  civil  service,  6th  son  of  lale  Geo. 
W.  Esq.  of  Adwicke  Hall,  Yorkshire. 

Lieut. -Col.  B.  Stewart,  E.LC. 

Major  Spottiswoode,  E.LC. 

At  Paris,  aged  78,  the  Dnebess  de  la 
Rochefoucauld,  widow  of  the  late  beoevoleiit 
Duke. 

March  5.  At  Boulogne,  Maria,  relict  of 
Major  Wm.  Ramsay,  aunt  to  Sir  Henry 
Dryden,  of  Canons  Asbby,  eo.  Npo.  Bart. 
She  was  the  9d  dan.  and  oob.  of  Bevill  Dry- 
den, of  Ore  in  Berkshire,  Esq.  and  sister  to 
the  lady  of  the  late  Sir  John  Tomer  (who 
assumed  the  name  of)  Dryden^  die  first 
Bart,  of  the  new  creation. 


BILL  OF  MORTALITY,  from  April  91,  to  May  18,  1880. 


Christened. 
Males       -    1 104  1 
Females  -   1169/ 


9966 


iiuried. 
Males  -  833 
Females  -     89 


Whereof  have  died  under  two  years  old 
Salt  55.  per  bushel ;  1  id.  per  pound. 


9  and  5  459 
5  and  10  141 
10  and  80  65 
90  and  80  49 
80  and  40  104 
40  and  50  157 


50  and 
60  and 
70  and 
80  and 


60  179 
70  170 
80  181 
00    71 


90  and  100    18 


Wheat. 
s.     d. 

74     0 


CORN  EXCHANGE,  May  94. 

Barley. 

Oats. 

Rye. 

Beans. 

5.     d. 

s.     d. 

s.     d. 

t.     d. 

37     0 

31     0 

84     0 

44     0 

Peas, 
s.     d. 
87     0 


PRICE  OF  HOPS,  May  94. 

5s.  to     71.     Os. 


Fambam (seconds) SL  SS.  to    9L    Or. 

Kent  Podieti 5L  5s.  to   7/.     Of. 

Sussex 52.  Os.  to  SU  155. 

5(.  5s.  to  6/.  105. 


KentB^ 5/. 

Sussex  iJitto 5L    Os.  to  5/.  15s. 

Essex 5^     55.  to  6L  \0t. 

Farnham  (fine) 10^  105.  to  19/.  195. 

PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW,  May  94. 

Smitbfield,  Hay  9/.  105.  to  41.  155.      Straw  9/.  55.  to  9t  lOs.      Cover  8i.  I5s.  to  51.  &il 

SMITHFIELD,  May  94.    To  sink  the  Oflal— )>er  stone  of  8lbs. 


Beef 35.  6d.  to  45. 

Mutton 35.  lOd.  to  45. 

Veal 45.  6d.  to  55. 

Pork 45.  Od.  to  45. 


4d.     Lamb &s.  6d.  to  6$,  4d, 

4d.  Head  of  Cattle  at  Market .  Maj  94 : 

4d.  Beasts 9,188     Calves  171 

Bd.  Sheepand  Lambs  90,080     Pigi     989 

COAL  MARKET,  May  94,  i7i.  Od.  to  SSs.  ed. 

TALI/)W,  per  cwc— Town  Tallow,  385.  6d.    Yellow  Rossiay  87s.  Od 

SOAP.— Yellow,  7 2£.  Mottled,  785.  Curd,  8 95.— CANDLES,  85. per doz.  Moiikii»9«.fM'. 


l8Sa]  [    479    ] 

PRICES  OF  SHARES,  May  17,  1B30, 

At  tbe  OOe*  ofWOLFE,  BinrHt*!,  Stock  ?^^       'Ctuoge  Allar,  Conhm. 


[      480    ] 
METEOROLOGICAL  DIARY,  bt  W.  CARY,  Sth«hd, 

Fmn  j<prU  ae.  In  May  i5,  1 8S0,  itX*  infftmw. 
.h«it'i  Tlwrm.  F.liHDhe;t'i  TliHni. 


OS 


IT  SItj 
IS  915 
I9SI4) 


7|914 


Ocloui^ 

E  ihl.&lhllDlI 

a|thDdi]8ulu. 


DAILY  PRICE  OF  STOCKS, 

From  April  37,  (0  May  !6,  13S0,  both  inebti 


Old  South  Sea  Aon.  Ma;  II,  91|.— 13,  91}.— SG,  »]|. 

J.  J.  ARNUIX,  Stuck  Bcoktr,  Baok-buildJoga,  ConkiU, 

late  RicHAKDtoH,  QaoDiaat,  ind  Co. 


THE 

GENTLEMAN'S 


L*B^B  Outtt* 

rimn  -H.  taatna 
|U.ChioB<tJ*-P>i 


MAGAZINE. 


llHrr  d>  Loadl 


Ownarlh^^htlni 


HsifcU  .HuvKli 
l«.W.kt.K«UiiB 
KMttiiiliinl.^il 
PlT*>MIM.PinUi 
Rndiaf^RwIidi 
Rschnur^liiba 


Sl.ffoidih.rolBiii 

T.uqi»>,..Ttm 

W.kalFld..4*(r«l 

W<i(BtitH(ni» 


JUNE,    1830. 


[PUBLISHED  JULY  1,  1830.] 


4frttmtl  Communkatlan^.  [  Madiad  Woriii 

iMiNoa  CoRRuroKDMCi. dtl  |  Alkn'i  Puoni 

iDMtharbuMiJailrGcorfEelV 483       BunnMi' 

RtligloD  io  Maldiii*  ud  WalUchU. 48$       d  — --^-  - 

'CUMICAL  MlMOMKDl.-Tho.  OuakcT,  &e..4ST 
iQraeh  Iiuenpticm.— Fuugt  is  Hnrec* . . .  .4ia 

NoticM  ofriiiiUick 4S<( 

ru-ftird,  491. — KiWonhjr 493 

A  Wilk  fron  WunUul,  EiHi 496 

Wtoilod  Home.— Smut  LeiluauUitt. 497 

LiulalirardMdEutHuaChurclin 4»S 

,  Earknf  Wt>tmordud..499 


■cHI.b/jt 


xPolin 


timiiT  m 

BuriJ-^M*  of  Dr.  Stokcln 

Cofraptioni  of  tha  Bwliihusgnig* it. 

StMa  otMiimetbmj  riurine  tha  Citil  Wti..&03 
ChfiMBu  DruD*  of  SkQcorn,  <D  CDrnnll  SOS 

Nvntiic  or  th*  Wreck  of  tilt  Ncirrj 6M 

Fwnilj  of  Stwppud,  of  Siiffork SIO 

lolamtiag  EitncufrnnLaDdeii  GuaU«..ftl4 
Tfmptn  w  Ranuriu  chi  PuliuMB  tBr;  lUbns  S I G 

nmnp  of  jKro  PublitHiion^. 

Sir  WilMr  Scott'i  Hiator;  of  Scotlsnd 617 

S<*iin  and  PodIhd'i  Hiitarr  of  B«*crlt;. 


RciaarkioB  tba  Oama  Lan i 

Wiffcn'i  Tiuo^-Dobcll'i  Trawlj bt 

Fullar't  Tour  ia  Tutkay it 

Arehaolagia,  >ol.  mil.  parti SI 

MoDlgonMrT  Bad  hia  RcTwwan lil 

Rapon  at  tM  Rofal  HnmaB*  Sucia^ t 

Priaun'  Pibi'hjd  ^wlatj N 

Burka'i  Ofidal  Kalaadar i 

FiMtAKT*. — Rojtl  Acadtm;.... m 

Lifrvj  and  Scicatifie  laMlligeDca M 

AimfiUlBllH  RMtlBCUU S4 

SMICT  POITIY M 

Mi^OTttil  CtianUIf. 

Pmecadlun  in  ptw*  a  t  Saaiion  of  ParliaiiuBt  £4 
ForaignNcin,  isai  — DuEMaticOceamiiaaieS 

PromotioM,  &c.  aiS. — MarriBgai as 

OllTU*BT|  with  MBBoin  of  tha  brl  tl 
PsafrM;  Sir  J.  pBUagtoo  i  Sir  W.  Pir- 
kar  1  Sir  K.  Paal :  Ganarali  Dalrjinpla,  lad 
Sherbruvkci  Adm.  PraicaUf  Col.SBtllit 
Major  Hnatlt)  R.  Oiataaii,  Eaq.|  Dr. 
"    arj  Dr.  Hamilton  I  &c.ftc... 


/•  Poetical  Wurki aS4    |    Bill  of  MorUlitT. — MvfcNi,  974. — S^raaST 

M'Diarmid'i3k«tctMifraBi  Natura fiflj    I    MatmHologioal  Diary. — Pcicci  of  Sto^ . ,  ST 

Enbclliihcd  vitli  Viam  of  th*  lata  Mauicn  at  WiKiTiio ;  an  BDCitDt  Oinwiv 
at  TiiiiToci  I  Sill,  of  Taviitock  Aimy  j  lia. 

By    SYLVANUS    URBAN,    Gekt. 


[    48i    J 
MINOR    CORRESPONDENCE. 


I.  L.  remtrkt,  **  In  reference  to  the  ob- 
servatioot  of  our  Correspondent  in  p.  415, 
on  the  ja^  found  in  Ireland,  it  may  be  noted 
that  the  brown  ware  jugi  or  pitchers  used 
in  the  north  of  Scotland  have  a  head  with  a 
flowing  beard  in  the  fore  part,  from  which 
they  are  always  denominated  'greybeards.'. 
The  traditional  account  which  F  have  heard 
of  this  ornament  is,  that  it  originated  with 
the  Dutch,  who  meant  it  to  represent  the 
Duke  d'AIva,  and  some  lines  are  preserved 
concerning  it  : — 

*  The  Duke  de  Alva's  beard  and  fitce 
The  Dutch  do  on  their  pitchers  place, 
Intending  it  for  a  disgrace/  &c." 

C.  L.  observes,  <*In  vol.  xcviii.  i.  810, 
your  Correspondent  L.  W.  speaking  of  the 
Tipping  family  f  asks  <  what  became  of  Dame 
Mary  Tipping,  daughter  of  Sir  John  Lear 
of  Lyndridge,  Devon,  after  the  death  (Mf  Sir 
Thomas  her  husband  ?'  She  subsequently 
married  a  Mr.  John  Comyns  of  Wood  in 
the  parish  of  Bishopsteignton  (in  whfeh  pa* 
rish  Lyndridge  is  situate),  and  I  have  no 
doubt  was  buried  there;  bnt  I  cannot jposi« 
tively  assert  the  latter  fact ;  nor  do  I  know 
If  she  left  any  issue  of  that  second  marriage." 

With  regard  to  the  wife  of  the  late  Sir 
Ellab  Harvey,  after  what  we  stated  last 
month,  another  correspondent,  still  incre- 
dulous, has  sent  a  repetition  of  the  asser- 
tiuta  that  the  late  Marchioness  of  Backing- 
hatn  <*was  the  sole  legitimate  child  and 
heiress  of  Earl  Nugent  by  Lady  Berkeley." 
For  the  satisfaction  of  L.  we  have  referred 
to  the  <<  Memoirs  of  the  Margravine  of 
Anspach,"  and  are  thus  enabled  to  confirm 
our  former  siatemeut  by  the  good  authority 
of  a  sister  of  the  party  in  question.  The 
Margravine  gives  an  account  in  p.  9,  of  all 
her  mother's  children  by  the  Earl  of  Berke- 
ley, and  says  she  *<  produced  at  one  birth 
three  children,  females,  who  were  bom  at 
Berkeley  Castle,  but  lived  only  a  fsw  hours 
after  being  christened."  The  only  Lady 
Louisa  Berkeley  of  that  generation  was  one 
of  these.  Again,  in  p.  10,  the  Margravine 
mentions  her  mother's  second  marriagt  to 
Earl  Nugent,  and  adds,  "  by  whom  sh«  had 
two  daughters."  And  again,  in  p.  48,  *'At 
one  of  these  balls,  I  saw  my  fisther-in-law 
[stepfather] ,  and  told  him  I  had  named  my 
tii'O  bride-maids,  and  they  were  my  young 
sisters.**  As  the  Margravine  was  herself 
the  youngest  daughter  of  Lord  Berkeley, 
these  were  of  course  her  mother's  two 
daughters  by  Lord  Nugent,  and  of  these 
Lady  Louisa  Harvey  was  one. — The  other 
remarks  of  L.  shall  be  attended  to  hereafter. 

Collins  the  Poet. — Mr.  Pickering  of  Clian- 
cery-lane  will  feel  obliged  if  either  of  our 
Correspondents  can  funbh  liim  with  aoj 


new  partieolars  Rspeetiu  ColUoa  of  U* 
family.  His  Letters,  a  Poem  oa  the  Mar- 
riage of  the  Prince  of  Orange,'  roentionsd  io 
the  Gent.  Mag.  Yot  iv.  p.  167  »  aa  original 
portrait,  or  his  aotograjph,  will  be  aeotp^ 
able,  for  the  edition  of  his  works  about  ta 
be  printed  in  the  Aldioe  Edition  of  the 
Poets. 

For  the  remarks  on  the  Highland  Cos- 
timie,  in  p.  445,  as  represented  on  his  Ma". 
jesty's  picture  by  Mr.  Wilkie,  we  war«  in- 
debted to  Mr.  Jamas  Logan,  who  has  paid 
much  attention  to  these  matters  i  and  who 
is  now  eoeaged  on  a  work  on  the  Celts,  8ce. 

We  shul  be  happy  to  eontinue  to  noetvo 
the  communtoatious  of  A.C.C.  j  bat  wo  can^ 
not  take  the  libtrty  bo  sng^^tsts  witii  tho 
articles  of  oar  other  Girreepondents. 

We  must  see  Mr.  Kiiott*t  SornMO,  and 
Mr.  Bfeo'i  book,  bofon  we  cut -give  aoj 
opinion. 

We  beg  to  inform  J.  D.  that  Biahoo 
Bridgmans  epitaph  in  Kinnerslev  Chmren 
has  &en  pabliihed  in  Ormerod'a  Uiatoiy  of 
Cheshire. 

J.  J.  W.  soya,  «'  When  Dr.  Van  beard 
Fox  in  the  Hoose  of  Commooa,  he  exdainf, 
ed,  *  Had  I  followed  any  other  pnrfeMlon,  I' 
might  hai^  beta  shting  by  the  ikle  of  thtt 
illustrious  statesaan  $  I  anoold  haye  bui  all 
his  powers  of  aigament, — all  Enkine's  elo» 

?aenee,~-«nd  alTHargfiTe'i  law.*  (Barker'o 
'arriana,  vol.  i.  p.  498.)  This  eidamatioii 
of  Purr's  may  be  ooupared  with  tlM  oonclo- 
aion  of  the  foilowlng  splendid  pasaage  which 
occars  in  aa  oration  intended  to  hew  beon 
delivered  by  Sir  William  Jones  btforo  thn 
Univorsity  of  Oxford*  but  which,  stnngo  to 
mjf  is  not  inaertod  b  tho  collected  editioii 
of  his  works :  <  The  miaenble  timea  in 
which  he  [Milton]  liyed*  deprived  thia  grant 
man  of  the  glory  which  he  must  hnve  aQ- 
quired,  if  his  genias  had  fonnd  room  to  ex- 
pand itAelf  in  a  free  afar  and  a  fovonnble  di- 
mate;  for,  had  ho  floarished  in  Athona, 
while  Athens  herself  wae  independent,  bit 
would  have  rivaned  Sophodea  in  poetPf* 
Demosthenei  in  eloqoence,  and  evon  So- 
crates in  virtoe.' " 

We  are  obliged  by  the  commtmioitioB.  of 
W.  S.    It  shaU  appear  in  oar  next. 

Errata. 

P.  <95f  a.  10,  read,  «  about  thno  ftoi 
four  inches  long,  and  three  foot ;  oat  Jmf 
deep  s  and  nine  inches,"  &c. 

P.  838,  a.  L  11,  for  Londinafis  read  Lon- 
dina/is. 

P.  874,  a.  18,ybr  widow  rmd  sister. 

P.  449,  for  "  Dream  ol  Deroigoil,"  read 
Doom. 

P.  474,  a.  lines  11  and  19,yor  Btithr  rM 
Sanders. 


THE 


GENTLEMAN'S     MAGAZINE. 


JUNE,    1830. 


OF 


HIS  MAJESTY  KING  GEORGE  THE  FOURTH. 


THE  melancholy  duty  at  length 
devolves  apon  us  of  recording  the  drath 
of  our  revered,  illustrious,  and  highly- 
accomplished  monarch  George  the 
Fourth,  who,  after  a  loiig  and  painful 
illneas,  brcalbed  hit  Ust,  a(  the  Palace 
of  Windsor,  od  Satoiday  the  S(Jih 
intc  at  a  quarter  past  three  o'clock  in 
the  morning.  The  first  balletin,  ao- 
noaociog  hit  MojestT's  indisposition, 
was  issued  on  the  13tn  of  April;  and 
the  late  bulletins,  for  some  weeks  past, 
had  in  some  degree  prepared  us  for  the 
present  afflicting  erent.  The  admission 
that  his  M^cstj  was  labourins  under 
considerable  langour  and  debuity,  in 
consequence  of  cough  and  expeciora- 
tioop  was  conaidercd  hy  those  acquaint- 
ed with  the  natare  of  the  disease  as 
an  alarming  symptom.  The  remedies 
which  were  employed  by  the  attendant 
physicians  had  Mr  some  time  the  effect 
of  controlling  but  not  of  arerting  the 
painful  progreu  of  the  disease.  The 
cough  which  latterlv  came  on  appeared 
to  naTC  been  chieny  dependent  upon 
the  impeded  flow  of  blood  throo^h  the 
left  side  of  the  heart,  by  which  it  was 
thrown  back  upon  the  lunos^  so  as  to 
produce  congestion.  Consi£rabIe  por- 
tions of  the  lungs  were  consolidated, 
from  the  previous  attacks  of  inflamma- 
tion with  which  his  Mojesty  had  re- 
peatedly been  afflicted,  and  hence  any 
additional  affection  added  greatly  to  the 
difficulty  with  which  the  respiratory 
organs  performed  their  functions. 
More  lately  the  expectoration  had  been 
m'lxtd  witn  blood.  On  Thursday  and 
Friday,  excepting  only  when  painfully 
sufiiering  from  paroxysms  of  coughing 
and  expectoration,  the  Royal  sufferer 
remained  in  a  state  of  absolute  stupor, 
but  apparently  free  from  bodily  pain. 
About  the  middle  of  Friday  the  at- 
tendant physicians  perceived  that  their 
Royal  patient  was  rapidly  sinking,  and 
they  forwarded  the  intelligeacc  to  the 


Duke  of  Wellington  by  express.  His 
Grace  iminediatclycomniunicatcd  with 
his  colleagues,  and  as  the  demise  of  I 
the  Crown  might  from  that  communi- 
cation have  been  expected  some  hours 
before  it  did  occur,  it  was  determined 
to  take  the  necessary  steps  to  prevent 
the  Commons  making  a  House/which 
was  accordini^lv  effected.  At  ten 
oclock  on  Friday  night  his  Majeuy 
appeared  drowsy.  The  physicians.  Sir 
Henry  Halford  and  Sir  Matthew  Ticr- 
ney,  and  Mr.  Brodie,  the  surgeon  in 
attendance,  withdrew  for  the  purpose 
of  allowing  his  Majesty  to  enjoy  that 
relief  from  pain  which  sleep  invariably 
brings.  His  Majesty  slept  at  intervals, 
and  without  any  particular  variation, 
so  as  to  make  it  necessary  to  call  the 
physicians,  till  about  three  o'clock  on 
Saturday  morning,  when  he  awoke,  and 
expressed  a  wish  to  be  raised  up.  The 
attendants,  while  preparing  to  raise  his 
Majesty, perceived  thata  materialchange 
had  taken  place  in  his  whole  appearance, 
and  apprehending  the  most  faul  and 
immediate  consequences,  they  instantly 
sammooed  the  medical  attendants  into 
the  chamber  of  their  Sovereign.  But 
the  iiaiiiful  event  that  was  about  to 
happen  was  too  apparent.  After  lan« 
guishing,  without  pain,  for  about  ten 
minutes,  nature  became  completely 
exhausted,  and  his  Majesty  expirra. 
The  mdancholf  intelligence  was,  of| 
course,  forwarded  to  ministers,  and 
the  Duke  of  Wellington  immediately 
left  London  for  Windsor  Castle,  from 
whence,  after  harine  given  the  neces- 
sary instructions,  he  proceeded  to 
Bushj  Park,  for  the  pur|)Ose  of  com- 
municating the  painful  event  to  the 
Duke  of  Clarence,  now  his  Moti  Gra- 
cious Majesty  King  William  the 
Fourth,  and  to  do  homage  to  the  new 
Sovereign  of  this  niig|hty  empire. 

Thus  terminated,  in  the  68ih  year 
of  his  age,  the  reign  of  George  the 


184 


Death  of  his  Majesty  King  George  the  Fourth. 


^urth,  after  a  duration  of  ten  years 
ind  five  months,  in  addition  to  a  Re- 
gency of  near  nine  years,* — a  period  of 
ime  the  most  glorious  in  the  annals  of 
mr  history ;  during  which  this  country 
las  arrived  at  the  highest  pinnacle  of 
x)litical  greatness,  and  been  distin- 
ruished,  above  all  other  nations,  for 
he  transcendant  splendour  of  her  arts, 
md  the  glory  of  her  arms.  We  may 
afely  amrm,  without  fear  of  contra- 
liclion,  that  the  gloom  which  the 
lealh'of  the  King  diffused  all  over  the 
netropolis  has  never  been  exceeded,  if 
ve  except  the  melancholy  and  unex- 
)ected  death  of  his  late  Majesty's  be- 
oved  daughter.  The  affection  felt  for 
he  Sovereign  had  been  sufficiently 
estified  by  the  anxious  inquiries  during 
lis  Majesty's  illness ;  and  their  respect 
or  his  memory  was  manifested  by  the 
ibstinence  from  all  except  necessary 
business,  by  the  closing  of  shops^  tolU 
ng  of  bells,  &c. 

On  the  intelligence  of  the  melan- 
choly event  arriving  in  London,  a  Ca- 
>inet  Council  was  immediately  sum- 
noned;  and  the  necessary  bulletins 
ind  public  despatches,  announcing  the 
cCing's  demise,  were  issued.  Sum- 
nonses  were  sent  to  the  members  of 
he  Privy  Council  to  attend  at  St. 
Fames's  Palace,  for  the  purpose  of  ar- 
anging  the  forms  of  Proclamation  of 
he  new  Sovereign,  and  their  taking 
.he  customary  oaths  of  allegiance,  &c. 
Between  eleven  and  twelve  o'clock, 
:he  new  King,  accompanied  by  his 
2ueen,  arrived  at  St.  James's  Palace 
rom  Bushy  Park.  Shortly  afier  the 
\rchbishop  of  Canterbury  and  the 
bishop  of  London  proceeded  to  the 
?alace,  and  had  an  audience  of  his 
Vlajesty,  to  whom  they  administered 
he  oaths  taken  by  the  Sovereign  on 
lis  accession  to  the  Throne.  All  the 
Cabinet  Ministers  afterwards  proceed- 
:d,  in  full  state,  and  dressed  in  their 
:ourt  costumes,  to  the  Palace,  to  con- 
gratulate his  Majesty  on  his  accession, 
ind  to  deliver  u|)  to  him  the  seals  of 
:heir  respective  offices,  all  of  which  he 
was  graciously  pleased  to  return.  These 
ceremonies  being  completed,  his  Ma- 
lesly  returned  to  Bushy  Park. 

The  House  of  Lords  was  summoned 
to  attend  at  eleven  o'clock,  when  the 
Lord  Chancellor  and  several  Peers  took 
the  usual  oaths  of  allegiance  and  fide- 

*  His  Majesty  wm  appointed  Prince  Re- 
;ent  Feb.  5,  1811  ;  and  succeeded  to  the 
throne  Jan.  99,  1820. 


lity  to  the  new  King,  under  the  title  of  I 
W  illiam  the  Fourth.  The  same  cere-  I 
mony  was  gone  through  in  the  House  I 
of  Commons.  Both  Houses  adjourned  I 
to  Monday  morning,  in  order  that  the  I 
necessary  oaths  might  be  administered  I 
to  those  members  who  had  been  al-  I 
ready  sworn.  I 

On  Monday,  the  ceremony  of  pro-  I 
claiming  His  Majesty  William  the  I 
Fourth  took  place.  The  Heralds  and  I 
their  officers  were  at  the  King's  Pa- 1 
lace  at  ten  o'clock,  when  the  Kine  of  I 
Arms  read  the  Proclamation  signed  at  I 
the  first  Court  of  His  Majesty.    The  I 

{procession  then  moved  off  in  the  fol- 1 
owing  order : —  I 

A  numerous  body  of  Constables,  I 

to  dear  the  way.  I 

A  Troop  of  Life  Guards.  I 

The  Farrien  of  the  Horse  (laards.  I 

Mr.  Lee>  the  High  Constable  of  WestoiinsteT,  I 

attended  by  bis  Deputies.  I 

The  Beadles  of  St.  James's  and  St.  Martin's  I 

Paruhea,  in  their  full  dress,  with         I 

their  staves  of  office.  I 

A  posse  of  Consubles  (New  Police).       I 

The  Band  of  the  Horse  Guards,  in  their  state  I 

unilbrms.  I 

Eiffhl  Marshals  on  fboC  I 

The  Knight  Manbal  and  his  Men.         I 

The  Household.  I 

State  Band.    Kettle  Dram.    Trunpets.    I 

Pursuivants  on  HortebadE.  I 

Heralds.  I 

Garter  King  of  Arms,  I 

Supported  by  ScrieaaU  at  Arms  with  their  I 

.Maoes.  I 

A  Troop  of  Horse  Guards.  I 

The  Proclamation  was  read  again  at  I 
Charing-cross ;    the    procession    then  I 
moved  up  the  Strand  towards  Temple- 1 
bar ;  the  Bar  was  shot,  and  not  opened 
until  a  Herald  knocked  at  the  gate, 
and  demanded  admission  in  the  name 
of  our  Sovereign  Lord  Kins  William 
IV.,   in  order  to  proclaim  nis  being 
called  to  the  Throne.    The  sate  then 
was  partially  opened  by  one  of  the  City 
Marshals,  who  presented  the  Herald 
to  the  Lord  Mayor,  who  was  in  wait- 1 
in^  to  receive  him  within   the  gate. 
His  Lordship  then  ordered  the  gates  to 
be  thrown  open,  and  the  cavalcade  en- 
tered.   The  procession  halted  at  the 
corner  of  Chancery-lane,  where  the 
King  of  Arms  again  made  proclama- 
tion.   The  procession  then  moved  on 
down    Fleet-street,    followed   by  the 
Lord  Mayor  and  the  other  City  Offi- 
cers.    The  Proclamation  was    a«iio 
read  at  the  end  of  Wood-street,  ana  at 
the  end  of  the  Royal  Ei^change:^'        ' 


i8sa] 


RHigum  in  MoUknia  and  WalUtelua. 


State  op  Rslioiov  iv  Moldavia 

AVD  Wallacuia. 

Taiemjr9m  ike  PreneJu^ 

THE  number  of  churches  and  coo- 
Tciiu  in  the  towni  and  their  tub* 
urbt  is  almost  incredible.  All  the 
priocesy  and  manj  wealthy  indi?idoals« 
nave  had  the  vanity  to  perpetuate  their 
names  by  building  them,  not  forget- 
ting to  have  their  portraiu  and  those 
of  their  families  painted  on  the  walls 
within.  The  churches  are  very  dark  ; 
tive  walls  are  covered  with  paintings  of 
saints  and  their  miracles,  which  reflect 
no  credit  on  the  artist  either  for  exe- 
cution or  design.  In  the  further  chapel 
there  is  only  a  single  altar,  which, 
according  to  Greek  custom,  is  hidden 
by  a  curtain  and  a  porticoof  gilt  wood. 
The  walls  are  lined  with  seats ;  in  the 

{principal  churches  a  throne  is  raised 
or  the  prince  and  a  smaller  one  for  the 
princess.  At  the  entrance  are  marble 
tombs  of  the  founders,  in  which  their 
descendants  only  have  the  right  to 
bury;  other  persons,  as  well  as  the 
commonalty,  are  interred  in  neigh- 
bodring  cemeteries.  [The  churches 
and  convenu  are  extremely  rich j  those 
of  Bucharest,  the  metropolis  ofWala- 
chia,  have  been  computed  in  present 
times  at  400,000  piuters,  or  12,000/. 
and  those  of  Jassay,  the  metropolis  of 
Moldavia,  at  an  equal  amount.  Of 
late  vears  no  asylum  has  been  respected 
by  the  Turkish  soldierr ;  for  these  bar- 
barians have  violateo  the  convents, 
tortured  the  treasurers  to  make  them 
discover  concealed  valuables,  and  car- 
ried away  the  inmates  aa  slaves,  with 
all  the  usual  circumstances  of  cruelly.] 
There  are  three  dioceses  in  Wafla- 
chia,  namely,  the  archbishopric  me- 
iropoliun  or  Bucharest,  the  bishopric 
of  Crayow,  or  Rimnik,  and  that  of 
Boseo.  In  Moldavia  there  are  four 
dioceses,  namelv,  the  archbishopric 
metropolitan  of  Jassy,  and  the  bishop- 
rics of  Fernaoci,  Roroanow,  and  Falci. 
In  these  Principalities  the  archbishop 
metropoliun  is  president  of  the  divan, 
and  is  regarded  as  the  oracle  of  the  law. 
Prince  Ypsilanti  admitted  also  the 
bishops  in  Wallacbia;  and  in  increasing 

*  Voyiga  to  Valachia  et  m  Muldavie, 
tradait  da  ricalian  par  M.  Lajeima,  Plro- 
iasMur  da  litt^rature,  at  a»*prowiisnr  partl- 
evtitr  da  Sob  Altassa  la  Priaotde  Mokfama. 
iVis,  18M.  Tba  paiuges  eadosad  ia 
bvackcu  ara  added  by  tha  Fnadi  tiaadator, 
M  abo  the  ooCas,  axoapi  those  oMrkad  L. 


485. 

their  authority  and  distinction  he  was 
well  aware  or  the  ascendant  they  had 
over  the  uneducated  and  soperstitioua 
minds  of  the  people. 

The  prevailing  religion  is  that  of  tbe 
Greek  church,  and  the  patriarch  of 
Constantinople  is  rcoognised  as  the 
spiritual  head.  [In  Moldavia  the  Ca« 
tnolics  are  numerous,  amounting  to 
about  50,000.  They  once  obuioed 
leave  to  erect  a  bishopric  at  Baoow, 
which  was  occupied  for  three  years; 
but  after  the  bishop's  death  the  court 
of  Rome  obtained  the  nomination; 
however,  as  the  French  government 
was  then  in  pouession  of  the  Roman 
states,  the  new  prelate  could  not  ob- 
tain his  passporu,  and  the  see  remained 
vacant;  which  lapse  is  regarded  by 
the  Moldavians  as  an  abandonment  o£ 
the  papal  claim.  In  1818,  the  Pope 
having  seiit  a  bishop  into  this  province 
to  administer  confirmation,  not  only 
did  he  fail  in  endeavourins  to  esubluK 
the  see  of  Bacow,  but  had  great  difi- 
culty  in  accomplishing  the  particular 
object  of  his  mission. J 

The  ecclesiastics  are  mostly  wen 
ignorant,  and  the  people  have  no  other 
principles  than  thoae  of  an  outwaid 
and  superstitious  worahijp.  The  chitf 
point,  and  in  which  they  place  tbe 
whole  of  religion,  is  to  observe  four  saa- 
ons  of  abatineoce  in  the  year,  namdy, 
Christmas,  Easter,  the  Apostles,  and 
Auumption,  which  is  very  strict  with 
regard  to  the  (|oality  of  food,  thoo^ 
not  aa  to  qiuntitj,  and  to  fast  on  Wed* 
nesdays  and  Fndajs.  Their  confes- 
sors are  married  pneaU  (for  the  Greek 
chureh  ordaina  men  who  have  been 
previoosly  married,  though  it  does  not 
permit  iu  clergy  to  marry  af^er  ordina- 
tion); and  prelates  who  are  alwaya 
chosen  from  monasteries  of  the  order 
of  S.  Basil,  that  office  being  inter- 
dicted as  long  as  they  remain  in  the 
monastic  condition.  The  penitent 
always  gives  an  alms  to  the  confessor, 
who  recommends  him  to  have  forty 
masses  said  for  the  dead.  One  of  these 
confesiora  counselled  a  female  peni- 
tent to  purloin  the  necessary  aum  from 
her  master ;  assuring  her,  that  as  be 
was  iKM  a  Christian,  that  is,  not  of  the 
Greek  communion,  it  waa  no  sin  to 
abstract  this  sum  for  so  pious  a  par- 
pose.  [For  these  people,  out  of  ignor- 
ance, consider  the  Catholics  in  the 
same  liahtas  they  themselves  are  held  in 
by  the  Mahomeuns.]  This  fact,  how- 
ever,  ought  not  to  prejudice  us  against 


lUUgi^n  In  Moldama  <md  WalUchku 


486 

the  clerfff ,  as  if  these  were  tbeir  n- 
neral  principles.  (The  bishops  who 
composed  the  sacred  synod  under  the 
Tcnerable  patriarchs  Cyril  and  Gre« 
gory,  most  of  whom  nave  figillen  by 
Turkish  butchery,  joined  to  the  purest 
morals  the  most  enlightened  philo- 
sophy; and  they  were  sincerely  de- 
sirous of  seeing  the  two  churches  ter- 
minate their  diflRerences  by  an  union 
which  is  generally  desired,  which  the 
times  have  facilitated,  but  which  only 
the  fear  of  the  Turks  impedes.] 

It  is  certain  that  the  common  people 
have  no  idea  of  Christian  morality,  yet 
they  regard  as  infidels  all  who  are  not 
of  their  communion.  Hence  more 
worship  is  paid  to  an  image  than  to  the 
sacrament  of  the  Eucharist.  For  in- 
stance, there  is  an  image  of  the  Virgin 
which  is  esteemed  miraculous;  when 
the  prince,  or  any  peat  nobleman,  is 
ill,  a  fine  carriage  is  sent  to  bring  it 
from  the  monastery  of  Serandari,  where 
it  is  kept ;  the  abbot  mounts  the  car- 
riage, which  is  surrounded  with  lighted 
torches,  resting  the  image  on  his  bo- 
som; if  the  invalid  is  of  inferior  de- 
gree, a  monk  in  a  chariot  conducts  a 
smaller  image  of  the  same  form ;  bat 
if  it  is  a  poor  man  that  is  sick,  a  com- 
mon monk  carries  a  little  picture  on 
foot.  In  the  streets  where  this  image 
is  carried,  every  one  prostrates  himself 
with  a  reverence  which  is  always  in 
proportion  to  its  sise. 

The  Eucharist,  however,  is  carried 
on  foot,  in  a  little  coffer,  by  a  priest, 
a  child  precedes  it  with  a  dirty  lantern, 
and  no  attention  is  attracted  by  it. 
[According  to  Greek  rites,  it  is  com* 
posed  of  bread  and  consecrated  wine, 
and  not  of  a  wafer  like  the  Catholic 
one.]  The  priest  makes  no  scruple  of 
coing  into  a  house  to  gossip,  aiMl  even 
into  a  tavern  to  drink.  Mass  is  said 
in  the  churches  only  once,  and  at  day* 
break,  except  in  the  chapels  belonging 
to  the  princes,  or  where  m-matimi  are 
said.  There  is  a  prodigious  number  of 
festivals,  and  in  Wallacliia  even  the 
feast  of  the  Devil  is  celebrated  on  the 
second  Wednesday  afler  Easter,  with 
an  infinity  of  superstitions. 

Credohty  is  not  confined  to  the  vul- 
gar, but  people  of  cultivated  miods 
believe  in  sorcery  and  divinatioo,  and 
in  all  that  the  roguery  of  man  has 
ever  invented.  They  are  persuaded 
that  there  are  persons  so  malicious,  that 
ihey  can  dry  up  a  tree  by  fixing  their 


[Jane, 


eyes  upon  it,  and  even  strike  a  Bun 
with  sickness.  T^iey  do  not  love  to 
hear  their  children,  their  horses,  or 
any  other  favourite  object  praised  too 
highly ;  *  and  hang  garlic-tops  from 
their  necks  as  an  emcacioos  antidote 
against  witchcraft.  If  any  one  hap- 
pens to  praise  such  an  object  with  ear- 
nestness, they  entreat  him  to  spit  upon 
it.  This  is  common  in  the  Levant. 
One  of  the  nK>8t  absurd  exhibitions, 
and  which  serves  the  priests  best,  is 
that  of  the  Vampires.  They  assert, 
that  a  corpse  which  is  not  immediately 
tainted  preserves  a  spark  of  life,  and 
that  the  soul  is  not  yet  parted,  nor  can 
be,  if  the  individual  had  incurred  an 
ecclesiastical  censure,  whether  openly 
or  tacitly}  that  during  the  night  the 
soul  quiu  her  tomb,  and  seeks  to  do 
all  the  harm  she  can  amooff  the  living. 
The  first  proof  or  suspicion  of  this 
being  the  case,  is  when  the  earth, 
which  covers  the  body,  trembles;  then 
the  priest,  his  wife,  and  at  length  the 
whole  neighbourhood,  as  being  tho 
most  ezpo»pd,  begin  to  spread  tte  re- 

Sort,  and  call  on  the  relations  of  the 
efunct,  who  are  oblind  to  pay  the 
Sriest  for  disinterring  the  corpae,  and 
eliveriiu;  it  from  me  excommunica- 
tion. It  it  is  found  entire,  they  place 
it  against  a  wall,  and  it  oflen  happens 
that  the  bodjr  falls  to  dust  while  the 
priest  is  exorcising  it.  If,  on  the  oon- 
inrjf  it  IS  slow  in  decaying,  or  remains 
upright,  the  assistanu  redouble  their 
complaints  and  bowlings,  in  the  jter- 
suasion  that  the  excommnoicatioa 
which  rests  on  it  is  most  weigh tjr  and 
of  the  first  dc;gree ;  a  priest  oT  higher 
order  is  then  sent  for,  and  sometimes 
a  bishop,  by  whom  the  miracle  is  per- 
formed. As  the  nobles  are  buried  under 
tombs  of  stone,  they  are  probably  froe 
from  the  imputation  of  vampiricism, 
and  their  corpses  are  never  exposed  to 
this  inconvenience ;  it  is  the  captaioi 
of  police,  and  the  dealers  in  provisions, 
who  are  most  so ;  for  persons  of  their 
calling  are  detested  by  the  people,  and 
their  ul-gotten  wealth  seems  to  devolve, 
in  some  just  proportion  at  least,  u|XM1 
the  clergy. 

^7^49  he  continued  in  Supplemtmt,) 

*  CatiilliM  alludes  to  this  suptratitioB, 
irhea  he  uy%  that  his  Mid  L«sbia's  happi- 
BMs  is  greater  than  aritkmatie  cam  cmm- 
kte,  or  CAvy — 

<<  MalA  frsciaare  JiagiA.*'    U 


18M.]  Cu^MCAL  MBMOAAtcoA«F-<rriili  ImtHpiion. 


4n 


CLASSICAL  M£MORANDA.-^o.  IIL 


TNOM A8  CATAKIB.— THB  LITTIE   Q,   AMD  ITS  OBIOIW 

ilMILAR,  BUT  MOT  lUtMnCAL. 


iUK  AVD  LATIW 


6.  iraTHThavcnotweoorownFtla 
tT  ciaronm  PkilologorwMg  u 
tcholart  on  the  Cootiocnt  mive  thein  ? 
The  divition  of  Ubdbr  in  biomphical 
ruertturc,  m  in  eterj  other  de^rt- 
mentf  becomes  now  imperatively  oe- 
cesMiy,  from  the  tccamulatton  ot  ma- 
teriali  for  each  particular  line  in  the 
histofj  of  learning  and  of  learned  men. 
If  a  regular  biography  of  all  our  classi- 
cal scholars,  thereforey  might  be  too 
extensive  a  work ;  why  shoald  we  not 
have  in  one  TOod  volume  a  brief,  clear, 
and  distinct^o/i/ta  Liieraria  of  soch 
men  as  Lily  and  Linacer,  as  Gataker, 
Duport,  Sunley,  and  Gale,  cum  mul- 
tis  aliis,  were  it  only  to  the  Tear  1700 
inclusive?  At  all  evenu,  there  b  « 
desideratum  in  our  literature  pointed 
out:  whoever  supplies  the  perform- 
ance, win  do  honour  to  his  country. 

Thomas  Gataker  was  a  man  of  very 
extraordinary  erudition,  and  of  fine  ta- 
lenu  as  a  critic ;  but  like  other  men  of 
oHich  learning,  he  had  his  favourite 
conundrums.  And  from  one  soch 
cause  alone  I  consider  his  book  now 
before  me  (De  Novi  IntirumenH  StyU 
DisfefiaHOf  Londini,  l648,)  as  a  very 
sreat  and  somewhat  rare  curioMtj. 
Gauker  mainuined  the  letter  Q  in 
its  origin  and  use  to  be  strictly  equiva- 
lent to  CV :  accordinjgly,  Q Vi  with 
him  was  a  vile  usurpation  on  the  righta 
of  QL  And  in  agreement  with  this 
notion  (of  which  a  good  account  may 
bo  found  in  Ainsworth's  own  Die* 
tionary  introductory  to  the  letter  Q) 
he  had  his  whole  UisserUtion  (esccpti 
by  some  mischance  the  title-patfa)  en« 
tirely  so  and  consisiemly  prioied. 

The  following  extract  from  the  firtt 
chapter  of  that  work,  here  accurately 

Siven,  may  for  more  rcesoos  than  one 
eaerve  the  auention  of  the  corioot 
leader ;  in  Gauker't  own  word«»  U  as 
the  Scripii  accofse. 

•<  Dun  aadri  rogirta,  evfas  earw  idalfe 
rtculM  tiua  boBos  ilia  laoex  morti  Jaia 
proouflius  ooaMuacimt,  viri  gravissaou,  tl 
cnm  smditioDe  bob  vafgari,  tarn  caahit  fof t 
YtatraodA  ias'igait,  D.  Qualurl  Tnvtfsil 
Ubliothecam,  boob  autoribtit  fibmliter  ia* 
•tmctaa,  excatlo ;  ineiA  ia  D.  Stv^thtan 
P/behemi  Vtddtram  Ubtllaai,  q\  diaCribaB 
habtUt  de  iingum  Grmem  Nod  TeMtamenH 
puntaUi  Biola  fidaai  hand  graadaoi,  sad 


■lltris  boon  gravioua,  f^T*  paatis  schedls 
alBia  aa    ~ 
pifcti  QMt  aaaca*' 


»• 


His  opening  chapter  is  on  many 
counts  Taluable,  and  perhaps  not  the 
least  so  from  Its  giving  the  first  speci- 
men of  an  illustration  of  the  Latin 
language  as  derived  from  the  Greeks 
In  the  five  verses  of  Vir^I,  beginning 
"TItjrre,  tu  patulae,  &c.^  Gataker  has 
ingeniously  traced  a  most  plausible  ety- 
mology from  the  one  language  to  tne 
other.  And  whoever  peruses  it  care- 
fully, will  find  it  vastly  superior  in 
plainness  and  probability  to  a  similar 
attempt  made  by  Scheid  (in  his  ProU* 
gcmena  ad  EiymoiogUuM )  to  elucidate 
tne  first  eleven  verses  of  the  Aneid. 

Unluckily,  indeed,  this  whole  doc- 
trine of  the  derivation  of  the  Latin 
from  the  Greek,  in  a  certain  sense 

i'ost  if  restrained  to  great  general  simi- 
itode  with  much  actual  coincidence 
betwixt  the  two  languages,  beoomca 
full  of  fiincy  and  moonshine  when  es^ 
tended  to  absolute  or  even  predomi- 
nant identity. 


il  Jung,  1830. 


R.S.Y. 


Mr.  Urbav,  Tke(fard,  May  ?• 

I  FIND,  in  p.  307»  the  mention  of  e 
well-known  line, 

Nm|^o«  •s^fMfMiTa^  flit  lUmt  i\if. 

Yonr  Corfespendent  in  panienlar,  and 
your  readers  in  geoefml,  mmy  be  glad  m 
see  what  1  have  extracted  below. 

You  solicit  classical  communioationa^ 
and  I  hope  that  the  Vrlnm-e  Ctrhnnu 
will  deign  to  aoeept  thu  »o^  in  the 
absence  of  more  snoatantial  food ! 

£.U.BAUin. 

1.  **  la  carminnoi  inedilofiiai  os» 
roero  hunc  etiam  versiculnm  re|^i« 
tum  video  a  viro  amlcistimo, 

Egregia  aenteniia,  oaam  escaiplia  aU- 

^uot    illustiabo.     Epicharmut   apod 
;iem.  Alex.  Str.  7,  p.  844.  Potter : 

KmBm^f  ^  MWf   la9  ixff,  iwmif  ti 

Grotii  Exccrpte,  p.  477-  De  Pytba- 
gora  hoc  nanat  Diod.  S.  in  Excerptb 


488  Qrmk  huertftimu— 

Vdctii,  p-  S46.  *Or>  0  o^if  TLAayi- 
{X  TOsyyiXXi  rfof  rin?t  S»i!(  wftnt' 
KU  nV(  Aiitrtmf,  ^if  rotorAnf,  mAm 
XapTfBC  )i»l  Ka6»{ci(  ^j^Btrat  kftnwf 

ast  tii>  4v;c<h  aynt>Bii«».  rAoctOT  in- 
ccrtni  EpigT.  S39.  Aaal.  3,  igg. 

J*ni  Tcnui  iite,  de  qoo  igimut,  es  eo- 
rum  eit  gencre,  qai,  ioTcrw  ordine 
IcciL,  eadem  vtrba,  eundem  wmAm 
prcbcnt.  Kofiuwvt  voeanl,  ant  reiro- 
gradM.  Qua  re  animadTerH,  cootaloi 
caput  AnLhoIogis  PlanndesB,  ubi  la- 
la  ingeoii  luiua  esUre  memiQeram, 
ibique  hunc  etiam  vcrtum  inUr  alioi 
deprehcndi.  Vide  Anthol.  L.  6,  Tit. 
13." — Im.  G.  Hdschke's  Atulteta 
CrUica  in  Aatkol.  Gr.  IBOO.  p.  SSO. 

S.  "  Pott  hunc  Indieem,"  (in  Cod. 
Paliiino-Vaticano,  nunc  Pariiipo,)  "  in 
locum  Paraphraaioi  Nonni  iaacita  rant 
tria  folia,  implcta  ilia,  at  diai,  Tariit 
epigram  maiis,  ex  Plinudck  maxioiani 
pariem  excerpt*.  SudL  autem  hne,—^ 
S4.  Venui,  live  TCrboruin  luiu*  po- 
tiui,  mihi  alinnde  Don  notiu,  wifu. 

In  marg.  rev  fiifev  Z^viSrw  KAfxTucc." 
3.  "  Le  doctc  M.  GcTartiiia,  Hlalo- 
riomphe  da  I'EinpcreDr  ci  do  B^ 
d'EjpigRe,  me  dontiuit  &  diiiwr  dMi 
luj  It  An*en,  me  fit  lemarqiter  tor 
ton  bHiia  k  larcr,  oe  van  NtmpMl^ 
tjr<  de  I'Anifaakfic, 

Ce  qoi  me  fit  loaTeDir  de  ee  qnt  m'*^ 
roit  dit  autreroia  mon  pen,  qirit  anit 
oni  &  Parii  ud  predicaieor,  ^ai  eom^ 
meo^a  ton  Sermon  aiDii,  if»H$  Smu 
aiUmir  du  Bnetlier  de  rEg&u  dt  8. 
Sophi*  i  CetulaalinopU  ce  om  Grit, 

Ce  qui  confirme  le  Medici 


apprii  a  Ven  Gree  amarfi^tmt  tnm»i 
atttfur  d^un  BtneUitr  i  CoiulaiUiMpb, 
al-liow,  tie."— P.  Ct>i.O)IIIII  C^WK, 
1709,  p.  318. 


Greek  Intcription.'^Paisage  in  Horace. 


488 

Valesii,  p.  246.  ^Ou  o  avto;  IXudcty^- 
f»i  T«»^»»yyiXXi  w^j  Tov^j  Owwf  w^o-ii- 

Xa^ff^A;  K»\  xaG»^»;  ^x°'^^  Mwta^* 
ofAoivi  ^1  /bif^  jbioyoy  to  ovjua  xaOot^ov  va- 
(sX^fAtfovi  voiani  aiixov  v^(wi,  aXXe^ 
xal  T«i\  '4^X*'^'  wyftvovauv,  f  Auctor  in- 
certus  Epigr.  239.  Anal.  3,  igg. 

'OoTK  y  ovXooy  Jtoj ,  aw^i;i^«'  ouTTore 

Jam  versus  iste,  de  quo  agimus,  ex  eo^ 
rum  est  genere,  qui,  inverse  ordine 
lecli,  eadem  verba,  eundem  sensam 
prsbent.  Ket^Ktvovq  vocant,  aut  reiro- 
grados.  Qua  re  animadversa,  consuloi 
caput  Anthologiae  Planudeae,  ubi  ta- 
les ingenii  lusus  extare  meminerara, 
ibique  hunc  eiiam  versum  inter  alios 
deprehendi.  Vide  Anthoi.  L.  6,  Tit. 
13." — Im.  G.  Huschkb*s  Analecia 
CrUica  in  AtUhoL  Gr.  1800,  p.  289. 

2.  "  Post  hunc  Indicem,**  (in  Cod. 
Palatino-Vaticano,  nunc  Parisi.no,)  *'  in 
locum  Paraphrasios  Nonni  insetta  sunt 
tria  folia,  impleta  ilia,  ut  dixi,  variis 
epigrammatis,  ex  Planudea  maximam 
partem  excerpta.  Sunt  autem  haec,— ^ 
24.  Versus,  sive  verborum  lusus  po- 
tins,  mihi  aliunde  non  notus,  xo^xi- 

Ni4«y  »yo/Aii^Ta^  fAi}  lUfoa  o4^y« 
In  marg.  roZ  Kvpov  ZtuX^tov  Kapx7yo$.*' 

3.  **  Le  docte  M.  Gevartius,  Histo- 
riographe  de  I'Empereur  et  du  Roy 
d'&pagne,  me  donnant  \  disner  chez 
luy  a  Anvers,  me  fit  reroarquer  sur 
son  bassin  \  laver,  ce  vers  retrograde, 
tir^  de  I'Anthblogiey 

Ce  qui  me  fit  souvenir  de  ce  que  m'a- 
voit  dit  autrefois  mon  pere,  qu*il  avoit 
oui  k  Paris  un  predicateur,  qui  com- 
roen^a  son  Sermon  ainsi.  Nous  lisons 
autour  du  BenoUier  de  CEglue  de  S. 
Sophie  h  Consiantinople  ce  vers  Gree, 

Ce  qui  con6rme  le  Medicin  Vertonian 
ecrivant  k  Scaliger,  de  Poitiers  le  13 
Avril  1607.  M,  Rapin,  dit-il,  m'a 
appris  ce  Vers  Grec  oi,merr^i^o9r»  trouvS 
autour  d'un  BenoUier  d  Consiantinople, 
NtJ/oy,  etc.*' — P.  C0LOMB8II  Opera, 
1709,  p.  318. 


[June, 


Mr.  Urban,  June  IS. 

IN  the  following  passage  of  Horace — 
"  Meo  sum  pauper  in  aire,**  (Epiat. 
ii.  lib.  2,)  there  appears  some  difficulty. 
The  woids  occur,  it  will  be  remember- 
ed, in  the  opening  of  the  Epistle,  in  the 
story  of  the  slave-dealer,  who,  after 
commending  in  tbe  highest  terms  the 
qualifications  of  the  boy  in  ^person, 
obedience  to  command,  and  education, 

«  Literuiis   Gnecis  imbutus,   idoneui  art! 
Cuilibet"— 

goes  on  to  say,  in  reference  to  himself, 
who  is  thus  dexterously  making  his 
bargain, 

*'MuIta  fidem  promissa  levant;  ubi  pleniui 

sequo 
Laudat,  venales  qui.vult  extrodere  mercet. 
Ret  urget  me  nulla :  meo  sum  pauper  in 


are. 


The  meaning  of  the  expression  seems 
to  be,  that,  *'  although  poor,  I  am  in- 
debted to  no  one,  and  able  to  keep  out  of 
debt,  and  therefore  in  a  manner  rich." 
Perhaps  the  familiar  phrase,  when  ap- 
plied to  a  man  of  humble  means,  of 
living  on  his  own  property,  may  be 
nearer  than  an?  other  expression  in 
English  to  the  Latin  phrase,  althoc^ 
by  no  means  coinprehending  the  exact 
meaning.  The  Delphin  note  on  this 
passage  is, 

**  Nallom  ■•  alienom  habeo ;  nihil  debeo 
caiquam.  Cic.  pro  Roscio  coinado.  Lo- 
cuplet  eraft :  nihil  debebat :  in  suis  nammb 
vertabator." 

The  meum  as  seems  to  be  used  in 
direct  contrast  to  the  ces  alienum,  and 
to  intimate  that  a  freedom  from  all 
debt  may  be  thus  comparative  wealth. 
Francis  translates  the  lines  1  have  tran- 
scribed thus : 

"  He  ibki  in  erwfil  who  attempts  to  raise 
Hii  venal  want  with  over-rating  praise. 
To  put  than  off  his  hands.  >  My  wants  are 

none; 
My  stock  18  little,  bnt  that  stock  my  own." 

And  gives  this  note  in  explanation, 

"  Meo  sum  panper  in  wre."  A  kind  of 
proverbial  exprettion,  nor  possible  to  be 
translated.  Cioaro  sayi  of  Roaeios,  *'  Debe- 
bat  ?  imo  in  lois  nommis  versabator-" 

It  certainly  seems  a  proverbial  expres- 
sion, but  probably  some  of  your  learn- 
ed correspondents  may  be  able  to  throw 
a  little  more  light  upon  it  than  the 
notes  I  have  transcribed. 

Yours,  Sec,  H.  B. 


...-  A../.,,.../.. 


ISdO.] 


Sol'ue$  of  Tavistock, 


489 


Notices  <»r  Tavistoi'k. 
fyi/h  a  Plate. 
fCouiiuufU  /htm  pa:;c  41*'.) 

IN  Taiisiock  C.'iiurch  i&  u  iiioiiii- 
iiiciiifbcaulirullyexc'Cutrd,  of  Judge 
(tldiuiic.  111  his  robfs;  another,  which 
i  lia\c  liultf  (Innbt,  is  that  of  the  un- 
lortiiiiate  Sir  John  Fiiz(ol*whom  more 
iiniJer  Fiizfonl)  and  liis  lady.  Also 
memorials  of  ihc  Willesfordt,  the  Fur> 
icsciit's  of  Buck  land  Fillcigh,  and  the 
Manutons,  who,  subsequently  to  the 
(iianTik's,  were  the  poueisort  of  Kil* 
%vorthy. 

Frince  mentions  an  honorary  ce- 
nota|)h  to  that  eminently  great  and 
politic  snvrreicn  Queen  Elizabeth : 
the  llev.  Mr.  Bray  informs  me,  that 
it  consisted  of  a  painting  on  the  south 
wall  of  the  chancel,  now  elTaced,  re- 
presenting a  sepulchral  monumcni. 
Such  memorials  to  that  eminent  pro- 
tector of  our  newly  established  re« 
formed  church,  were,  I  believe,  not 
an  unfrequent  tribute  by  the  parochial 
congregations  of  England,  to  her  me- 
mory. Against  the  north  wall  of 
(rreenwich  Church,  in  Kent,  there 
hangs,  at  this  day,  a  painting  on  board, 
representing  a  monumental  elFigy  of 
the  Virgin  yuten. 

The  Lakar  Ilduse,  or  Hospital, 

OF  St.  Mary  Magdalen  ani>St. 

Theobald. 

An  hospital  for  lenrout  men  and 
won>en,  (of  the  founuation  of  which 
no  rfcord  i>  extant)  stood  at  the  west- 
ern extremity  of  the  town  of  Taris- 
tuck,  on  the  »]x)t  where  the  parish 
work-hou^e  is  now  built.  It  was  de- 
dicated, as  eleemosynary  establish- 
ments for  a  similar  purpose  usually 
were,  to  St.  Mary  Masdalen,  nnd  was 
commoniy  called  the  Maudlin  Clia|)el. 
St.  Theobald  was,  in  this  in^Uince, 
associated  as  co-|>atron  with  St.  Mary. 

My  re^e.irches  among  such  of  the 
old  deeds  in  the  piirish  chest  at  Tavi- 
stock  as  were  acce9«>ible  to  me,  in  the 
year  IR?7i  has  enabled  me  to  give  the 
following  list  of  Priors  or  Governors  of 
the  .Maudlin.  1  shall  incidentally  men- 
tion the  different  documents  which 
have  atTorded  me  the  information. 

Kalph  (iryth  was  Prior  in  the  17lh 
jrearof  the  reign  of  Edward  the  Fourth, 
when  I  find  him  granting  lo  Ralph 
Foster,  in  the  name  of  himself  and  his 
*iicce»*or4,  (nr  e(»  years,  all  the  dose 
called  the  Maudlin  pnil;  (enclosed 
(ir.ST.  Mao.  Juw,  I8;wi. 


fields  obtained,  and  in  many  instances 
I  believe  retain,  the  appellation  o\' parks 
in  thin  cfMiniy),  at  the  yearly  rent  of 
I IV.  ptr  annum. 

Thomas  CJlanfeMe  was  Prior  in  the 
Ipth  year  of  ilenrv  VIII.  as  1  learn 
from  his  lease  to  John  Tibb,  during 
the  term  of  the  coniMcting  parties' 
lives,  of  nine  feet  of  ground  '*  lyina  by 
the  hospital  plats  and  bc»iindyngs."  at 
\0d.  per  ann.  the  rent  to  be  |)aid  at 
l^lichaehnasand  Lady*day,  half-vearlv. 

William  Cole,  Prior  iii  the  :j2d  of 
Heory  VIII.  leases  fur  ik)  years  to 
Richard  Faster,  Constance  his  wife, 
and  Joha  the  son  of  Richard  Foster, 
all  the  close  and  garden  situate  north 
of  the  hospital,  having  on  the  west  the 
Spital-lane,  and  the  land  called  the 
'*  Mawdelvti  grounde." 

Robert  Isaac,  who  is  styled  Guber- 
nator  (Governor),  in  the  following 
year  grants  a  lease  lo  (yiiido  Ionian, 
of  a  tenement  and  three  ganiens  ni 
Ford -street. 

Thomas  Payne,  Prior  in  the  2d  and 
3d  of  Philip  and  Mary,  lets  to  William 
Russell,  baker,  all  the  garden  and  its 
appurtenances  called  "  the  blind  Hey,** 
at  2s.  per  ann.  The  style  of  the  King 
and  Queen  I  shall  add  from  the  attes- 
tation, as  it  is  not  perhaps  very  gene- 
rally known :  "  Philipp  and  Marye, 
by  the  grace  of  God  Kyng  and  Ouene 
of  England,  Frauncc,  Najdes,  Hieru- 
salem,  and  Ireland,  defenders  of  the 
Fayth,  princes  of  Spayne  and  Sicyll, 
archedukes  of  Austria,  dukes  of  Mil- 
lavne,  Burgundye,  and  Brabant,  counts 
of  Haspurge,  Flaundcrs,  and  Tyroll.'* 

The  hospital  or  laaar-house  of  St. 
Mary  and  St.  Theobald,  survived  the 
suppression  of  eslablishuienu  of  a  larger 
nature,  and  in  the  S7th  of  Elizabeth, 
"  John  Ilatte,  then  Prior,  and  ihe  bre- 
theryn  and  sustcrn  of  the  same  house, 
with  one  consent,  by  deed  indented 
under  seal,  demised  to  John  Ffita, 
Esquier,  William  Houghton,  Nicholas 
Glanvilc,  Robert  Moore,  Edward  Dc* 
nys,  Roger  U|icoie,  Thomas  Libfaie, 
Richard  Drake,  Thomas  Sowton,  the 
last  eight  being  superviBnrs,dispenuton 
for  the  behoof  of  the  Choich  and  pa- 
rish of  Tavistock  of  the  poor  people 
of  the  same,  for  the  term  of  one  thou- 
sand years,  the  house  known  by  ihfe 
name  of  the  Maudlyn  Chapel,  the 
chapel  hay  thereto  belonging,  three 
closes  of  land  called  the  Maudlin 
parkes,  one  gaideu  in  the  occnpation 
of  John  Ffitz,  and  one  meadow  called 


490                                  Notices  cf  Tavittock,  [Jubc, 

the  Maudlin  mead,  lying  near  the  wa-  Hermitages  were  generally  dedicated 

terofLambourn.'**  These  were  there-  to  St.  John,  from  that  apostle  having 

fore  the  possessions  of  this  charitable  entered  on  his  labours  in  the  deserL 

endowment  (by  whomever  originally  The  ancient  Romish  Pontifical  has  a 

made)  which  had  protected  for  some  particular    office  fur  consecrating  an 

centuries  the  outcast  of  society,  the  hermit  to  his  solitary  life,  "  Ad  reclu- 

|)oor  afflicted  leper,  from  bejqgary  and  dendum  anacoritam.  *  From  an  old  in- 

want.     Lei)ers  not  thus  provided  for,  ventory  of  the  Treasury  of  Tavistnok 

sought  their  living  from  tne  charity  of  Parish  Church,  1  eather  that  a  hermit 

passengers,   and  sate   by  the  wayside,  (doubtless  of  St.  John's)  left  his  silver 

attracting  their  attention,  or  warning  crucifix   to   the  Church,   inclosing  n 

them  from  contact,  by  the  rinsing  of  portion  of  (he  wood  of  the  real  cross.§ 

a  hand-bell :  in  an  illuminated  MS.  of  The  following    petition    to   William 

the  Lansdowne  Library,  in  the  British  Earl  of  Bedford,  which  may  be  dated 

Museum,  may  be  seen  a  representation  about  the  year  1677,  is  extant  among 

of  a  leprous  woman  thus  provided,  her  the  parish  archives, 

face  disfigured  with  spou,  licr  limbs  «  To  the  Right  Honorable  WiHiain  Etfle 

swathed  in  bandages.  She  rings  her  bell  of  Bedford,  Lord  Kusselly  and  Baron  of 

and  exclaims,  "  some  good,  my  gentle  Thomaugh : 

masters,  for  God's  sake  v'   Stow,  speak-  **  The  hnmble  petition  of  jonr  Portrieve, 

ing  of  the  charitable  provisions  insti-  nnd  tbeMastenofyo'ToirneaBdBQrfoiigh 

tuted  in  London  by  the  Christian  be-  of  Tav'ntoek, 

nevolence  of  Edward  the  Sixth,  says,  "  Humbly  sbeweth, 

"  they  provided  for  the  Laacr  10  keepe  "That,  where*,  theare  is  a  little  cottage 

him  out  of  the  citie  from  cidprnnF  o/-  ^"^^    ^V^>    *j'V    **»    little    garden 

dishes  and  ringing  of  ieis,  to  the  great  P»*>'*»  ^,  f  H'.^^^^^T'S^  *t?^  ^ 

trouble  of  thi  citizens,  and  also  to  the  »f^.  ^.  ^-  '^^  V  ^  "'•  *T^^'  *"  H 

j.»»>.^...  i^e^^r,        c             .1^  ..  .1.  *"•  P  ■h»oner«  of  Tavutocke  in  the  tyme  of 

r^iTu'  ""^7"^  ""^  T"^'  that  they  ^^  f^  eontagion.  .ickne.,  and  thercon- 

should  bee  relieved  at  home  at  their  verted  to  a  pSt  House,  and  was  verie  use- 

.??.?'' J?7  **\**^"  P«n*«>n»-  t  full  and  beneficiall  to  your  said  Towne  and 

The  Chapel  of  the  Maudlin  appears  Burrough,  in  regard  it  borders  on  the  River 

by  the  following  entry  in  tlie  Church-  of  Tavey,  and  leeinge  of  late  it  is  fidoe  into 

.  warden's  book  of  Tavistock,  to  have  your  Loidship's  hands,  wee  humbly  desire 

been  in  existence,  and  used  1  suppose  aadb^^ge  your  Lordship,  oat  of  your  ooblo 

for  divine  service,  in  the  year  167S.  bountie  and  wonted  cbaritie,  to  bestowe  an 

••OctoberSO,  l672,thencolleetedatthe  •state  ibrnynetienyneyeares  determinable  on 

Maudlin  Chappell,  towardes  the  reliefe  **»  **«•  *»^  betaonder  named,  in  the  said 

of  John  Baxely,  blacksmith,  iohabi-  «»»tage  and  gardens  on  your  said  Towne  and 

tant  in  the  caide  towne  of  Tavistocke,  »»"?««**'  TUT'"^ iS.^**"'  Lord.hip  the 

the  sum  of  thirty  shillings  and  sis'  •«»««»»«*  «^  j«;? -Whog  yearly :  and  as 

>•                   ^       """b»  ■""  ■■*  It  IS  our  whole  desire,  soe  it  shall  be  our 

'^       *    c       ff         9     r^  choicest  care,  it  be  altogether  converted  to 

St.  JonN  s  Chapel.  the  «e  of  the  poore  bTyoor  .aid  Towne 

On   the  south  bank  of  the  Tavy,  ^ni  Bnrrmigh,  empt  great  neeessitie  oon- 

under  a  sleep  and  woody  declivity,  near  atmyne  us  againe  to  eontert  it  to  a  Peat 

Guile  or  Abbey-bridge,  stood  St.'john's  Howe.    This  boone,  if  yoor  honour  pleeaa 

Chapel,  a  dependency  of  the  Abbey,  to  bestowe  on  us  for  soe  piona  a  worlw, 

occupied,  I  believe,  by  a  solitary  moiik  TO«r  husaUe  petic*0Mis  shall  dayRe  ptaia 


or  hermit,  to  whose  custody  this  ora-  ^  7^^^  LDrdship'a  pioyritia,  long  to  eon- 

tory  was  consigned.  tione.    (Signed)  John  Cndlinpe,  Fortriave, 

A  fine  natural  spring  rises  in  this  J\f™"*^"^^.H*S'  '^*"^'^1  ^'^'^'J'^ 

spot  from   the  earth  (a  circumstance  "'"y*  ^'''^L^r^ArS^^**  ^W»  ^"- 

which   seems    to    have   been   usually  !««  Saxfon,  Salter  Godben." 

aonght  for  in  chusins  the  site  of  an  St.  Margaret's 

hermitage),!  and  falls  into  the  Tavy.  was  a  small  Chapelry  abo  dependant 

— . on  the  Abbey.     Ao  reimiBi  of  thb 

•  Now  Lamerton.    Rowe  the  Poet  wai — • 

born  there.     He  was  son  of  the  incumbent  ^  ^  **^  ^  ^^^^^  ^  8^^  ^  ^^  dsaciip- 

of  the  Church.  tloo,  told  in  the  year  1898.  at  Thonaa's 


t  Sur>-eT  of  London,  4to.  edit.  1613,  p.  Aucuoa-roonu,  described  as  having  beloncad 

6»6.  to  Edward  the  Coofeuor ;    it  tncluaed  a 

Z  See  observations  bv  A.  J,  K.  on  the  *"***  portion  of  Mack  wood,  and  bote  the 

HeriGitageiDtlie«r.I!,MJnkwell-street,Crip.  iosoripcion     PReClOSVO?     LIGJ^VCD 

plesrste.     Geu.  .M*^.  Mav,  1825,  p.  401.  DO.TINL 


IfiSOj 


Noiice§  &f  Ttebforlb. 


mi 


bwlding  aie  now  Mctant;  bat  tkt  Rev. 
Mr.  Bmy  thiok«  it  stood  near  Tftvy- 
town»  oow  MonntTavj,  thctettof John 
Carpenter,  etq.  and  that  it  waa  wed  aa* 
a  place  of  worship  by  the  families  m* 
habiting  the  hanleiand  manorof  Cod* 
Tippe  town. 

TaB  Bridcbs. 

There  are  three  stone  bridges  over 
the  Tavy  at  Tavistock,  establishing  a 
communication  between  the  town  and 
the  south  bank  of  the  river.  Two  are 
in  immediate  continuity  with  the  town, 
AbbcjorGoilebri(^,and  New  bridac ; 
and  tne  third  is  West  brid^  at  Ford  or 
Fitzford,  in  its  immediate  vicinity.  The 
lesend  which  accounts  for  the  erection 
or  Gnite  or  Abbey  bridge,  however 
trite,  cannot  well  be  passed  over  in  si- 
lence in  a  topographical  sketch  of  Ta- 
vistock. In  the  reign  of  Edward  III. 
one  Child  of  Plimstock,  a  man  of  large 
possessions,  hunting  in  the  winter  sea- 
son  on  the  trackleu  waste  of  Dartmoor, 
lost  his  way»  and  beins  pressed  by  the 
eztremitT  of  cold,  killed  hb  horse,  em- 
boweMca  him,  and  crept  into  his  carcase 
for  shelter ;  but  seeing  lUtle  chance  of 
preservation  by  this  expedient,  he  at  the 
same  time  made  his  will  in  the  follow- 
ing terms,  osiog  some  of  the  blood  of 
his  steed  for  ink : 

*'  He  that  finds  and  bringt  me  to  mj  temb, 
'*  My  lands  which  axe  at  Plimilock  shall  be 
hit  doom." 

At  length,  to  use  the  worda  of  a  Bri- 
tish pastoral  poet,  pathetically  describ- 
ing a  similar  occarrence. 


on  every  nerve 
Tbe  deadly  winter  teizcs,  shuts  vp  sense ; 
And,  e'er  his  inmost  vitals  creeDtng  eold, 
Lays  him  along  the  snows  a  stiffened  cone, 
Streteh'd  oot  md  bleaching  in  the  northern 
biMt." 

A  passenger  finds  the  body  with  the 
testament,and  gives  notice  to  the  monks 
of  St.RuiDOO  of  the  circumsiaace ;  they 
hasten  to  tlie  spot  in  order  lo  bring  the 
corpse  to  their  church  for  interment, 
and  to  claim  the  conditional  beouest. 
The  men  of  PItmttock,  hearing  also  of 
the  extraordinary  %vill  of  their  towns- 
man^  assemble  at  a  certain  bridj^,  then 
the  only  passage  over  the  river  in  those 
parts,  to  oppose  the  monks  in  their 
way,  and  possess  themselves  of  his  body. 
The  monks,  too  subtle  for  their  oppo> 
nents, constructs  temporary  bridge  for 
the  passage  of  the  corpse,  on  the  spot 
where  one  of  stone  was  afterwards 
erected,  which  bears  to  this  day  the 
name  of"  Guile  bridge,'*  in  allusion  to 


the  wily  stiatageai*  Thaae,  bawerer, 
who  are  not  easily  oredokMis  of  theat 
aronsingold  talea,  will  perhapaooaceive 
that  b^  Guile  bridge  there  is  nothing 
more  implied'  than  the  Guild  hndgt^. 
particularly  as  it  leads  inunedialely  to 
the  Guildhall  of  Tavistock.  Mr.  Bray 
informs  me  that  the  old  bridge  of  the 
town  was  aituato  between  Guile  and 
the  Eaat-bridge,  and  that  hesomeyeara 
since  recollects  the  ruins  of  one  of  the 

G'ers  projecting  above  the  watercourse, 
one  of  the  present  bridges  at  Tavis- 
tock bear  the  marks  of  any  antiquity. 

FlTS*FOmD. 

At  the  distance  of  about  a  mile 
westward  of  the  town  of  Tavistock, 
near  the  brid^  over  the  river  Tainr» 
called  West  bridge,  in  which  spot  the 
river  was  anciently  passed  by  a  ford» 
stood  the  mansion  of  the  ancient  family 
of  Fytz,  which  from  iu  contigoitv  to 
the  passage  over  the  river,  obtained  the 
appellation  of  Fiu-ford ;  asothic  gate- 
way of  the  Todor  a^,  and  some  spa- 
cious bams  and  outbuildings*  still  amrd 
tesiimonvof  the  former  importance  of 
this  knigntly  residence.  John  Fyti,  one 
of  the  ffovemors  of  the  Society  of  Lin- 
coln's Inn,  in  6,  7,  and  8  Hen.  VI., 
settled  here  about  the  middle  of  the 
fifteenth  century,  and  John  his  great 
grandson  joined  to  a  distinguished  pro- 
ficiency in  his  profession  as  counsellor 
at  law,  a  profound  application  to  the 
more  abstruse  and  alto^ther  chimeri- 
cal principles  of  judicial  aatrologyi 
reveries  which,  like  those  of  Gall  and 
Sporsheim,  had  their  day,  but  which 
possessed  a  longer  influence  than  the 
latter  are  like!?  to  maintain  over  men's 
imaginations.  Mr.Fvtiflnarried  a  daugh- 
ter of  Sir  John  Sydenham,  of  Brimp« 
ton,  in  the  county  of  Somerset,*  and 

Ereviously  to  the  birth  of  a  son  and 
eir,  while  his  lady  was  in  Isbour,  he 
erected  a  scheme  to  calculate  his  child's 
nativity,  and  fonnd  by  the  relative  po- 
sition of  the  planets  at  the  moment, 

*  The  eonnterpart  lease  of  a  fiaU,  wish 
liberty  to  John  Fyts,  esq.  to  eoovey  valsr 
from  a  fouotab  thereia  '*  b  pipee  of  timber, 
lMd»  or  othenrise,**  to  his  maaiinn-hoasa  at 
Fitsibrd,  dated  lOth  of  Flifaharii>  is  eslaat 
among  the  archives  of  Tavistoek  parish.  IS 
b  seJed  with  If r.  fVtt's  arms,  a  croes  ea- 
gvailed  gules  ioafieldfoott^  argent.  These 
M  some  variation  between  this  and  the  eoai 
as  given  by  PKnse.  The  spviag  above  bmb- 
tiooed  is  in  a  Bseadow  at  asbort  distaaes  from 
the  gateway,  and  a  little  ooodait  Is  erected 
over  it.  The  aaaM  af  Fyts  is  proaoonced  by 
the  Devonians  long,  Fyze. 


492 


Notides  of  Tavistock. 


[June, 


tbat  unless  the  midwife  could  defer  the 
birth  one  hour,  the  child  mnst  come 
to  an  unhappy  end ;  thus  indeed  (for 
pretended  seers  sometimes  prophesy 
the  truth)  it  fell  out:  for  this  child 
succeeding  to  his  father*8  estate,  was 
knighted,  and  on  some  quarrel  with 
his  neighbour,  Sir  Nicholas  Slanning 
of  Bickleigh,  the  occasion  of  which  is 
not  known,  met  and  slew  him  in  a 
duel  in  the  year  1599.  The  occurrence 
is  reported  by  tradition  to  have  taken 
place  under  the  gateway  at  present 
standing  at  Fitzford  ;  and  an  oHicious 
servant  is  said  to  hove  urged  his  master. 
Sir  John  Fylz,on  to  the  sanguinary  ca- 
tastrophe ;  for,  seeing  him  put  up  his 
sword,  as  unwilling  to  pusn  the  affair 
to  its  dreadful  extremity,  he  exclaimed, 
"What,  play  child's  play!  Come  to 
fight,  and  put  up  your  sword!'*  Sir 
John  Fytz  procured  his  pardon  from 
the  Queen,  but  the  widow  of  Slanning 
brought  her  appeal  in  the  Court  of 
King's  Bench,  and  obtained  part  of  his 
estate  by  way  of  fine.  Fytz's  ill  stars 
still  shedding  their  baleful  influence 
over  him,  he  shortly  after  killed  ano- 
ther person,  and  repairing  immediately 
to  the  Court  to  sue  for  a  pardon,  was 
disturbed  at  the  inn  at  Salisbury  where 
he  lay,  by  a  knocking  at  his  chamber 
door,  when  fearing,  as  the  poet  says, 
**  each  bush  an  officer,*'  he  thought 
the  ministers  of  justice  were  in  pursuit 
of  him,  and  seizing  his  sword,  sud- 
denly in  the  dark  slew  the  unfortunate 
person  who  in  mistake  had  disturbed 
him.  Lights  being  brought,  and  find- 
ing himself  for  the  third  time  guilty 
of  a  sanguinary  deed,  he  in  despair 
ran  on  his  own  weapon,  and  perished. 
The  epitaph  of  Slanning  in  Bickleigh 
Church  at  this  day  alludes  in  quaint  but 
expressive  terms  to  this  event,  and 
pomts  it  out  as  a  just  retribution  by  the 
hand  of  Providence  on  homicide  : 

*  ^  Idem  ccedls  erat  nostrae  simul  author  et  nltor, 
Trux  homicida  mei,  mox  bomicida  sui ; 

Qttaroq.  in  noe  prloium,  mox  in  se  condidit 
ensem ; 
O  nostrdna,  summi  JudicU,  arbitriura."* 
It  may  perhaps  be  inferred,  from  the 

charge  of  cruelty  against  Fytz,  as  exer- 

*  Thus  closely  rendered  by  Prince  : 
**  He  author  of  my  murder  was,  and  the  re- 
venger too,  [he  ilewr, 
A  bloody  murderer  of  me,  and  then  himself 
The   very   sword   which   in   mine  first,   he 

bathed  in  his  own  blood, 
O !  of  the  highest  Judge  'twixt  us,  the  ar- 
bitration good ! 

iioTlhics  of  Devon,  p.  697. 


cised  by  him  in  the  contest,  that  be 
really,  as  the  story  goes,  took  advantage 
of  a  false  step  made  by  his  antagonist, 
to  give  him  his  death-blow.  The  im- 
putation could  hardly  otherwise  be 
just,  how  much  soever  duelling  is  to4>e 
deprecated  as  a  violation  of  the  laws  of 
God,  and  consequently  of  the  bounden 
duty  of  a  Christian.  Much  more  cou- 
ra,Q;e  in  this  point  of  view  may  be  ex- 
hibited in  refusing  than  accepting  a 
challenge.  He  must  be  a  hero  indeed 
who,  for  conscience  sake^  can  consent 
to  be 

*'  A  fixed  figure  for  the  hand  of  Scorn 
To  point  her  slow  unmoving  finger  at.'^ 

The  monument  of  this  Fytz  and  his 
lady  arc  extant,  as  has  been  said,  in 
Tavistock  Church  ;  it  was  erected  pro- 
bably in  their  lifetime,  and  his  subse- 
quent dreadful  end  may  account  for 
the  absence  of  all  inscription  whatever. 

There  remains  in  the  parish  chest  of 
Tavistock  the  muster  roll  of  Sir  Nicho- 
las Slanning,  son  of  the  above,  who 
was  remarkable  for  his  zeal  in  the  royal 
cause  during  the  civil  war,  and  who, 
having  joined  the  forces  of  the  West 
under  Sir  Bevil  Grenville,  was  present 
at  the  battle  of  Lansdowne  near  Bath, 
and  perished  in  the  same  year,  l643, 
at  the  assault  of  Bristol.  Slanning's 
muster  roll  is  thus  intituled : 

*'  Slannary  of  TavUtocke, — A.  perfect 
muster-roll,  contajoing  the  several  hoodreds, 
parishes,  and  bamletts,  together  with  the 
officers  and  touldiert  within  the  said  Stan- 
nary. Officers,  Sir  Nicholas  Slaoaing,Lteo- 
tenant-Colonel ;  Joseph  Drake,  eaa.  Capt.- 
Lieutenant ;  John  Jacob,  gent,  ^sign." 
Names  of  fisur  Serjeants  and  eight  corporals. 

**  Hundred  qfRoborough, — Walkhampton, 
19  names;  Whitchurch,  18  ditto;  Tamer- 
ton  FoUiett  (Foliot),S  ditto;  Sampford 
Spiney,  6  ditto;  Wilsworthy  Hamblet,  3 
ditto;  Buckland  Monocor'  (Monachomm) , 
89  ditto ;  Peter  Tavy,  7  ditto ;  West  Tavia- 
tocke,  8  6itio,— Hundred  qfTauittoek'^Tm' 
vistocke  towne,  94  ditto. — Hundred  cf  Lis^ 
ton — Liston  and  Verginatow,  8  ditto ;  Soor- 
ton,  6  ditto ;  Mary  Tavy,  9  ditto ;  Lidford, 
3  ditto ;  Lew  Trenchard,  1  ditto ;  Broad- 
wood  widger,  9  ditto  ;  Laroerton,  4  ditto ; 
Bridistow,  10  ditto;  Oakhampton»*^2  ditto; 
Coriton,  3  ditto  ;  Bratton  Clovelly,  6  ditto. 
'-^Hundred  of  Black  Jbrren/or<— North  Lew, 
2  ditto ;  Keakebeare  Hamblett,  0. 

"  Seen  and  confirmed  by  us  under  our 
hands  and  scales  ........   (name  effiured) , 

Nicholas  Slanning,  £dw.  Yarde,  Joseph 
Drake." 

The  total  of  this  force  is  156  ;  of 
which  almui  two-thirds  arc  specified  as 
armed  with  muskets,  and  the  remainder 


18:)0.] 


NoiictM  of  Tav'uiack. 


493 


with  pikes.  At  the  back  of  the  roll  are 
the  foilowiog  notes,  which  reay  be  ia- 
teresting  to  the  military  antiquary : 

**  Horte  defensive  ernet,  ere  a  beck,  brett, 
aod  pot,  pistol  proofe;  offeosive,  e  sword 
end  a  case  of  pistells,  ther  berrell  not  under 
14  inches  in  length ;  horse  furniture^  a  great 
ilddle  or  pad  w<*  burrs  and  straps  to  affix  the 
holster. 


'*  Kootntan's  armes :  musquett  barrell  not 
under  three  foot;  the  gege  of  the  bore  for 
twelve  bullets  (new)  but  y*  old  way  fourteen  to 
y  pound ;  a  coller  of  bandaliers ;  «*^  a  sworde. 

"  Fykeman's  armes :  a  pyke  of  ashe  not 
under  16  foote  head  and  foote  included,  w*^ 
a  backe,  brest,  head-piece,  and  sword,  y*  old 

pyke  fifVeen [feet];  Musquetier,  halfe 

pound  poudder  and  3  yards  of  match,  half  a 
pound  of  bulletts. 

*'  Horse,  a  q'  a  pound  pooder  and  soe  of 
bulletts ;  5*  Air  every  day's  omission*'  [of 
attendance.] 

To  return  to  the  notice  of  Fitzford, 
from  which  1  have  somewhat  digrcsaed. 
The  unfortunate  Sir  John  Fits  left  an 
only  daughter  by  hit  wife  Gertfude, 
daughter  of  Sir  William  Courteoay  of 
Powderham.     She  in  fuccession  mar- 
ried  four  noble    gentlemen,    (falling 
short  in  her  matrimonial  alliances  by 
one  only,  of  Chaucer's  wife  of  Bath) ; 
first.  Sir  Alan  Percy,  6th  son  of  Henry 
Earl  of  Northumberland ;  next  Tho- 
mas, son  of  Thomas  Darcy  Earl  Ri- 
vers ;   then  Sir  Chas.  Howard,  fourth 
son   of  the  Earl  of  Sufiblk  ;  fourthly 
and  lastly,  Sir  Richard  Grcnville,  who, 
embracing    the    royal    cause    in    the 
great  rebellion  in   1644,  his  house  at 
Fitzford  was  taken  in  that  year  by  the 
Parliamentary  General,  the  Earl  of  Es- 
sex, with  two  pieces  of  cannon  and  1 50 
prisoners.  The  number  of  prisoners,  it 
will  be  seen,  almost  exactiv  coincides 
with  that  of  the  muster-roll  which  I 
have  quoted,  and  1  think  there  is  a 
strong  probability  that  the  6rst  signa- 
ture on  the  roll,  unfortunately  erased, 
is  that  of  Sir  Richard  Grenville.     He 
afterwards  perished  in  the  cause  which 
he  had  espoused.     Lady  Mary  Howard 
and  George  Howard,  esq.,  who  1  sup- 
|)ose  were  children  of  tne  often  con- 
tracted  Lad^  Gertrude,  are  found  in 
I()70  subscribing  to  the  brief  for  the 
captives  to  the  Algerines.     Tradition  at 
Ta%  i»tock  has  fixed  a  lasting  stigma  on 
the  memory  of  Lady  Howard,  ofwhich, 
with  some  poetical  licence,  as  to  the 
t  line  of  her  existence  and  her  connexion 
wiih  the  family  of  Fytz,  Mrs.  Bray 
has  made  good  tne  in  her  admirably 
rhiiracteristic  old  English  itle.  Fits  of 
Fitzford : 


''The  memory  of  Lady  Howard/*  says 
Mn.  Dray,  **  is,  even  at  this  remote  distance 
of  time,  execrated  by  posterity;  and  a  wild 
legend  respecting  her,  worthy  the  HarU 
mountains,  is  to  this  day  current  amongst  the 
elders  of  Tavistock.  It  avers  that  the  coach 
of  which  she  was  so  proud  may  still  be  seen 
amid  the  glimpses  of  the  moon,  rattling 
throuch  the  streets  of  this  town  on  its  way 
to  Oakhampton  Park,  the  seat  at  which  she 
died.  But  the  vehicle  is  now  a  coach  of 
Ijones.  Human  skulls  supply  the  place  <^ 
those  bells  tliat  once  ornamented  the  fonr 
corners  of  iu  roof,  and  Lady  Howard  rides 
in  it  a  pale  and  sheeted  spectre,  as  her  ske- 
leton hound  runs  before  her,  to  bring  nightly 
a  blade  of  grass  from  Oakhampton  Park  to 
the  gateway  of  Fitzford  ;  a  penance  doomed 
to  endure  till  the  last  bUde  of  grass  shall  be 
plucked,  when  the  world  will  be  at  an  end." 
—Fttz  of  Fitzford,  vol,  3,  /).  «93. 

There  was  at  Fitzford  a  small  chapel 
dedicated  to  St.  George.  Risdon  says, 
that  Fitzford  was  originally  an  hospital 
founded  by  the  family  pf  Tremaine. 

KiLWORTHY 

Lies  about  one  mile  north  of  Tavistock  ^ 
it  is  a  barton^  or  insulated  esute,  and 
was  purchased  in  the  reign  of  Elixa- 
beth  by  Judge  Gbnvile  of  Holwell 
House,  m  the  adjoining  parish  of  Whit« 
church.  Sir  Francis  Glanvile,  his  ton, 
erected  a  seat  on  it  for  his  own  resi- 
dence, the  greater  part  ofwhich  is  still 
standing.  The  remains  of  a  finely  tim- 
bered park,  and  of  the  artificial  terrace 
embankmenu  of  the  garden,  attest  iu 
former  splendour.  Prince  details  an 
aflfecting  story  relating  to  FrancisGIaa- 
vile ;  in  his  youth  he  abandoned  him- 
self to  a  dissolute  course  of  life,  and  his 
father,  the  Judge,  boneless  of  his  refor- 
mation, disinherited  nim  in  favour  of 
his  younger  son,  John.  At  length, 
however, 

"  Consideration  tike  an  angel  came. 

And  whipped  the  offending  devil  oat  of 
him.*' 

He  became  a  sincere  penitent,  and  an 
altered  man.  Hisyoun^r  brother,  re- 
joicing at  the  change,  invited  him  to 
a  banquet  at  Kilworthy ;  where,  after 
dinner,  he  told  him  he  bad  yet  one  dish 
more  to  taste,  which  beius  brought  ia 
covered,  was  placed  before  nim,  and  he 
was  requested  to  appropriate  to  himself 
the  contents— these  were  the  title-dceda 
of  his  father's  estates  that  the  younger 
brother,  fulfilling  what  he  knew  woold 
have  been  his  father's  will,  if  he  oould 
have  seen  his  son's  altered  course, 
thus  generously  gave  up  to  him  !  A  no- 
ble instance  indeed  of  fraternal  aflfcc* 
tioD  and  a  love  of  justice. 


404 


Notices  of  Tavistock. 


[June, 


Crowndalb 


Lies  aboot  a  mile  ftrst  of  Tavistock ; 
here  the  celebrated  Sir  Francis  Drake 
is  said  to  have  been  born ;  the  house 
in  which  he  first  saw  the  light  was 

gulled  down  a  few  years  since.    The 
lev.  £.  Bray  has  preserved  a  sketch 
of  it. 

HURDWICX. 

Hurdwick  wa9  the  capital  manor  of 
the  Barony  of  that  name,  which  con- 
tained sixteen  knighu*  fees  and  a  half, 
and  which  gave  title  to  the  whole  hun- 
dred. This  was,  I  suspect,  the  resi- 
dence of  Ordgar,  the  founder  of  the 
Abbey.  It  were  too  fanciful,  perhaps, 
to  conclude,  that  its  name  is  a  contrac- 
tion of  Orclwick,  or  Ordgar*s-wick, 
In  right  of  this  barony,  the  Abbal 
of  Tavistock  claimed  the  privileo;es  of 
view  of  frankpledge,  gallows,  nillory, 
assize  of  bread  and  beer,  which  were 
allowed  on  aa  inquisition  of  quo  war- 
ranto held  in  the  time  of  Edward  I.* 
At  Hurdwick  there  remains,  or  re- 
mained ull  lately, a  fine  oldgothic  bam. 

MoRWEL  House, 
A  quadrangular  stone  building  with 
a  court  rn  the  centre,  is  an  excellient 
specimen  of  the  domestic  architecture 
of  the  fatter  end  of  the  fifteenth  cen- 
tury. It  is  traditionally  styled  the 
hunting-seat  of  the  Abbats  of  Tavi- 
stock,  and  was  probably  the  capita f 
manse,  or  mnge,  of  tne  manora  of 
Morwell  and  MorweF-ham,  which  be- 
longed to  the  Abbey.  This  edifice 
contains  a  small  chapel  for  the  cele- 
bration of  reli^ous  offices  by  the  monks 
who  were  resident  at  the  Grange. 

COURTENAY  AlMS  HoUSES. 

One  of  the  ancient  and  noble  family 
of  Courtenay  gave  4/.  per  annum,  to 
be  divided,  by  way  of  pension,  among 
four  poor  widows  in  an  hospital,  or 
alms-house,  at  Tavistock.  This  build- 
ing was  repaired  by  George  Courtenay, 
Esq^.,  of  Walreddon,  at  the  beginning 
of  the  eighteenth  century .f 

*  Placita  de  quo  warranto,  9  et  )0£dw.  I. 

•f  Walreddon  is  the  old  roaosioa  of  an 
estate  to  called  belonging  to  the  Courtenay 
family,  in  the  adjoining  parish  of  Whit- 
church. It  oceupiet  an  elevated  site  in 
the  centre  of  the  demesne  which  is  beauti- 
fulljr  situated  on  the  south  side  of  the  Tavy. 
The  house  is  of  stone,  and  the  arms  of 
Edward  VI.  are  carved  in  oak  in  one  of  the 
principal  rooms.  It  is  at  present  the  resi- 
dence of  William  Courtenay,  Esq.  and  his 
lady,  elder  daughter  of  the  late  Admiral 
Arthur  Kcm]>e. 


Common  Seal  or  the  Abbey,,  axd* 

ADDITrONAL  NoTB8« 

By  the  friendly  liberality  of  John 
Caley,  Esq.  F.S.A.>  Keeper  of  the  Re- 
cords in  the  Augmentation  Office,  I  ami 
enabled  to  iiiustrate  these  notes  with-- 
an  mgravinc,  from  a  drawing  by- the  later 
Mr.  BarCholomew  Howlett,  oftheSMl' 
of  Tavistock  Abbey.  It  is  one  of  the  ex- 
tensive and  valuable  collcctioniof  draw- 
inss  after  monastic  seals^  made  for  Mr. 
Caley  b^  that  ingenious  artist.  The 
impression  of  the  seal  here  represented 
is  attached  to  the  original  deed  of  sur- 
render in  the  Augmentation  Office, 
which  I  have  before  noticed. 

The  virgin  and'ehild  are  represented 
under  a  Gothic  canopy,  and  on  either 
hand  a  kneeling  angel  swinging  a 
thurihulum^  or  censer.  Under  an  arch 
below  the  virgin's  feet  is  St.  Rumon 
decorated  with  a  mitre,  and  holding  a 
pastoral  staff,  and  on  each  side  of  me 
saint  a  monk  in  the  attitude  of  prayer. 

Legend, — sioillvm  iccLasn  t'c'i  maris 


^»-.» 


BT  S  C  1  RVMOm  TAVISTOCH. 

This  seal  I  suppose  was  made  about 
the  time  of  the  rebuilding  of  the  Abbey 
Church,  which  was  consecrated  when 
completed  by  Bishop  Stapjldon,  A.  D. 
1318,  the  architecture  ef  which  was 
doubtless  similar  iu  style.  Having 
again  adverted  to  the  surrender  of  the 
po6setsioD8  of  the  Abbey  to  the  Crown,! 
take  the  oppertnnity  of  observing  with 
what  particularity  tne  lands»  liberties, 
and  advantage  surrendered  are  detailed 
in  that  instrumeat.    It  recites  that, 

"  Jokn,  by  the;  patience  •£  God,  AbUe 
o£  the  MonasteiT,  or  Ahhmat,  of  the  Church 
of  the  blwsed  Virgin  and  SL  Rnmoa  Tavi- 
stock, of  the  order  of  Saint  Btnedicty  and 
the  convent  of  the  same  place ;  finally,  and  of 
their  own  accord,  grant,  rasira,  and  con- 
firm to  their  Ulustrioot  inTincibliB  Lord  and 
Frince  Henry  VIII.,  &c.  Ac  all  the  laid- 
Monasterr  or  Abbacy,  together  irith-all  and 
singular  the  manors,  demesnes,  measuages, 
gardens,  coftilagas,  toftsf  lands,  teneneBls, 
meadows,  pasuvss^  woods,  underwoods,  reats, 
roversioasy  sarvleet,  milli,  passara,  hnighu' 
fees,  Buurriaga  wards,  natifo  Tillems  aad  their 
followers^  commons,  liberties,  firea  Ibanda- 
tions*  advowsons,  nominatioaay  yasanta 
tiona,  and  donations  of  churches,  Ticaiagas, 
chapels,  cbaotries,  pensions,  portions,  an- 
nuities, tithest  oblations,  and  all  and  sin- 
gular emoluments,  profits,  posicsiihnsi  he- 
reditaments, and  rights  whatsoevery  within 
the  counties  of  Cornwall,  DbrMt,  Soflserset, 
Gloucester,  Wiluhhre,  and  elsewhere,  wlthm 
the  Kingdom  of  England  and  Wales,  and 
their  marehes,  in  what  «ay  soever  bolonf- 
ing  to  the  saki  MoaasMry,  or  Abbacy*  of 


163a] 


NoUees  t/  Taoiitock. 


Tavyaiockt."  Ako  **  all  chwten,  avi- 
dcncet,  wfiliQgt,  tad  nmBimeats,  and  the 
whoi«  iuoodalioot  cirouUt  and  pnctoci  of 
th«  MoiusUrj  afoMMidy  and  all  rigbu  io  it 
keIoogi4g»  hoircvtr  acquired."* 

Nothing  could  well  be  more  plroary 
and  irreiKeisible  ihan  the  tetmt  of  the 
above  inairument.  Uncle  Toby  defies 
a  man  to  swear  out  of  Ernulphus's  Ro- 
mish Anaihcoiaf  so  I  think  might  a 
lawyer  be  defied  to  find  a  flaw  to  the 
prejudice  of  the  claims  of  the  ccown  in 
the  above  surrencier. 

I  derive  the  following  supplementary 
note  of  the  (lossessions  of  the  Abbey, 
from  the  fee  fivm  roll  in  the  Augmen- 
tation Ofiice.  which  recites  the  grant 
of  them  to  Baroo  John  Rnsaell  and  the 
Lady  Anne  his  wife,  to  be  held  of  the 
Xing,  til  eapiie,  by  the  service  of  one 
kni^it'a  fee,  yielding  annually,  et  Mt- 
ohaeliiiMt  thifty-eis  pounds  only. 

**  Tha  wboU  dfmetoe  and  alia  of  tha  kta 
Monaaterj  of  TavitSock,  and  all  iu  *^Ppur- 
tenaucat,  all  tha  bucgh  and  toim  of  Tari- 
■tock,  and  all  tba  burgages  tbarain,  tha 
nMooit  of  Hardwick,  Morwal,  and  MorwaU 
ham,  tha  hundrad  of  -flurdiHek,  othanriaa 
cailad  the  buadfad  of  Tavi«took»  the  bar- 
tons, or  Granges  of  Hardarick,  Morwal,  and 
Morwalham,  with  tbair  appurttnancat,  tha 
demesoaa  and  manors  of  Milton  Abbot, 
otherwise  Milton  Legh,  Lamarton,  Hole, 
Brentorre,  Wvka  Dabamon,  PetersUvy, 
Ottrew,  otherwise  Ottary,  Whitchurch,  and 
Newton,  tlia  manor  <k  Antony,  in  the 
county  of  Cornwall,  tha  raetory  and  vicarage 
ofTa»istock."t 

For  the  service  of  one  knight's  fee, 
at  the  reserved  rent  of  148/.  S#.  per 
annum,  is  granted  also  to  the  above — 

"  All  tha  bargh  of  Danbory,  the  aawiors 
of  Denbnrr,  Plymstoka,  Worynton,  Cowyke, 
Eawyka,  Barlegfa,  Alridga  Cavilyneh,  Plym- 
ple,  Wodnonstorr,  Cristanstow,  Boryntoo 
•od  Cen«ood»  in  tha  oonaty  ef  Drnon, 
Itfalgr  hrfoagiiig  to  tha  Abb^i  alao  tha 
manor  of  Hawkawall,  co.  of  Sometaat,  the 
f actosias  or  ehtehea  nf  Whiteharch,  Xa- 
maneA,  Miltoo  Abbot,  aliaa  Milson  Lagh, 
BoryMon,  tha  Chapel  of  AJdridM,  tha  tt—- 
.twy  of  ^.  ThoBMM,  withoot  tha  waat  gMa 
of  Baeiir,  lbs  fUetorisa  or  Chnichas  ef 
^hfistsastniri»Qbshalno,  Sprayiao,  Anthep 
Mmd  Fsihsui|iipaliaa  NeethBatheff«yn,all  the 
damaaw  sad  au  of  the  lata  Menaatasy  of 

•  UtiaarigbMl  ia  Angveatatian  Qfiaa. 

t  Nma  In  tha  owrgia  of  the  Baeoid, 
<•  9th  Dec.  1551.  it  is  oidsrad  by  tlit 
Troataeslhat  tha  stipend  nf  iW.  be  paid  to 
tha  Cunta  of  Tavistock*  to  ba£xed.ii|ioA  th^ 
rent  for  tba  tcice  of  tba  Monatfacy  of  Tavi- 
stock, only  being  Mt  par  annnia  ■-!  Jehp 
Wheatly/^ 


495 

J>uockaawe11»  tha  Ractoay  of  fikckawton, 
parcel  of  tha  late  Monastery  of  Totr,  and 
•tha  site  nf  tha  kua  Fnars,  praanbefs  within 
tha  city  of  ExaUr,  with  all  their  hnda  and 
possessions.*' 

Among  the  persons  of  note  who 
were  noiives  ot  Tavistock,  I  should 
have  mentioned  Seigeant  John  May- 
nard,  designated  by  Clarendon  "  as  a 
lawyer  of  great  eminence,  who  hid 
Aoo  much  complied  with  the  iiregudar 
and  unjust  proceedings  of  ihe.Porlia- 
mQnc,''and  described  as  opposii^  theaa, 
when  their  measures  became  ulcgidly 
subversive  of  the  royal  pietogative. 
He  was  afier-waida  •committed  to  'the 
Toivr  by  •CromwcU,  for  demandinc, 
as  Counsel  in  the  Court  of  Ktofps 
Bench,  the  release  of  one  obnonioiM  lo 
the  Protector,  who  like  all  factio«a 
champions  of  libecty^  proved  a  real 
tyrant  when  *'  his  power  was  well  pat 
on,"  and  sent  for  the  Jud^^  ulliiur 
them,  with  a  aevere  rennmond  and 
threat,  '*  that  thev  shoold  not  sdbr 
Uwyeas  to  praie  what  i/L  would  nei  be- 
come them  to  hear  /" 

Browne,  the  author  of  **  Britannia's 
Pastorals,*'  baa  celebrated  aoroe  of  the 
wild  and  romaotte  soenery  of  Tavi- 
stock, his  native  place. 

Some  collections  for  **  a  Civil  and 
Monastic  History  of  the  Town  and 
Abbey  of  Tavistock,**  wave  made  by 
the  late  Mr.  Ed  w.  Smith,  who  posseaaed 
much  antiquarian  seal  and  iiwIastfT. 
Mr.  Smith  was  a  native  of  Tavistodk, 
and  had  served  during  the  late  wareaen 
officer  in  the  navy.  His  topqgiaphicil 
lesearches  weae  terminated  whUe  he 
was  yet  to  the  vigoor  of  vouth  and  in. 
tellcct,  hy  a  fever,  of  which  be  died -at 
Tavistock,  in  the  year  18S7.  Jie  has 
left,  I  believe,  a  large  col  led  ion  Of 
MSS.  which  are  still  in  the  possession 
of  hia  aged  mother.  A.  J.  K. 

Emsmoations  Aim  EaaATA. 

In  the  Churchwarden's  aceoont,  A.D* 
18§5>(er^cnstos  bti|ttsaeelasie,*'read  '*  ens- 
tos  lominis  eeeleaie. '  I  find  the  neison  an- 
nually chosMi  for  the  admiwistitUn  of  the 
reaaipta  and  espanditnra  of  tha  parishChoreh 
at  Taristask*  uotfl  she  Befsr—iien,  naaally 
jtviad  «•  Cnstasor  Waidea  nf  tba  l%ht;^ 
waieb  ana  4iapt  eeoaiaatly  baaa&ag  •hafcas 
tlw  bighaltar  af  ths<^bireh,  aa  iHsiliB,i 
sappass,  •to  tha  nadying  isms  af  dsniiM 
<srhich  niiwalasihe  spsrittal  Chanh. 

la  the  aama  ascaaaty-lar  **  per  assiilafi* 
eaai,**  ra«l  *«^Cbrisa  aoBMasaawadieo  v.v." 
(qy.  vobis-') 

I*.  |jbff»  isr  •<  fnsstet.iirsiiii/  read 
*<  prwstet.    Anen." 


496 


A  fValk  from  Wantteadf  Essex. 


[Junei 


P.  918,  for  ^Abbot's  brk^/'  read  «  Ab- 
bey bridge." 

P.  920,  for  **  octogeiimoy"  read  "  octo- 
gesimo  quioto." 

P.  411,  for  "  lay,"  read  "  laid.* 


t» 


Mr.  Urban,  June  10. 

MY  ** local  habitation'*  is  in  that 
part  of  the  kingdom  which  Mr. 
Edmund  Waller,  in  his  Elegy  on  the 
Death  of  my  Lady  Rich,  has  thought 
fit  thus  to  anathematize : 

**  May  thoM  already  curtt  Eaiexian  plains. 
Where  hasty  deatn   and   piniog    sickness 

reigns. 
Prove  as  a  desert,  and  none  there  make  staj 
But  savage  beasts,  and  men  as  wild  as  they ! 

Although  it  may  be  said  certainly 
that  the  county  has  been  greatly  im- 
proved since  this  stigma  was  fixed  upon 
It,  yet  it  18  most  probable  that  the 
*'  courtU  Waller"  knew  very  little  of 
this,  to  nim,  Boeotian  district,  which, 
if  it  cannot  boast  of  scenes  posaessing 
high  romantic  interest,  has  many  spots 
of  fffcat  amenity  and  pastoral  beauty; 
and  if  we  except,  perhaps,  that  part  of 
the  county  contiguous  to  the  estuary  of 
the  Thames,  so  far  from  being  un- 
healthy, is  very  salubrious. 

Like  that  of  the  worthy  Lancelot  An- 
drewes.  Bishop  of  Winchester,  walk- 
ing is  my  favourite  relaxation,*  and  in 
my  ram  Dies  I  can  answer  for  having 
visited  many  interesting  objects  sur- 
rounding my  own  house,  not  the  least 
of  which  are  those  considerable  re- 
mains of  the  ancient  forest  that  in  for- 
mer ages  nearly  overspread  the  county, 
but  which  is  now  subdivided  into  the 
foresu  of  Waltham,  Epping,  and 
Hainault.    These  I  have  so  often  ex- 

£lored,  that  I  may  say,  in  thje  beautiful 
iiiguage  of  Comus, 

*'  I  know  each  lane,  and  every  alley  green, 
Diogle,  or  bashy  dell  of  this  wild  wood, 
And  every  bosky  boarn  from  side  to  side. 
My  daily  walks  and  ancient  neighbourhood.'* 

With  your  permission,  I  will  trans- 
port myself  in  fancy  to  the  village  of 
Waltham,    whose   parish  church f  is 


(( 


He  would  oflen  profess,  that  to  observe 
the  grass,  herbs,  corn,  trees,  caule,  earth, 
waters,  heavens,  any  of  the  creatures,  and 
to  contemplate  their  natures,  orders,  quali- 
ties, virtues,  uses,  was  ever  to  hire  the 
greatest  mirth,  content,  and  recreation  that 
could  be  :  and  this  he  held  Uy  his  dying 
day!!"  — PW&r*5  AOel  Hedivivits,  arlicle 
Andrewes, 

f  The  nave  of  the  conveatual  church. 


nearly  all  that  has  escaped  the  ham- 
mers of  destruction  of  the  once  splen- 
did mitred  abbey  of  that  name,  in 
which  reposed  the  remains  of  Harold 
Infeliz.  X  A  step  will  bring  me  to  the 
sedj^  liea,  and  revive  a  whole  train  of 
delightful  recollections,*- of  Izaack 
WaTtnn,  '<  that  happy,  garrulous,  old 
man,"  one  of  the  best,  yet  most  unos- 
tentatious of  philosophers,  who,  living 
in  an  age  of  civil  aissension,  was  an 
exemplar  of  contented  quietness,  and 
who  bequeathed  to  posterity  a  most 
valuable  moral  in  the  hnmble  disguise 
of  a  fishing-book.§ 

Many  other  spou  I  could  enumerate 
interesting  to  the  topographer,  but  I 
must  repress  the  wings  of  my  imagina- 
tion, or  I  shall  have  no  chance  of  be- 
in^  allowed  a  comer  of  your  useful 
Miscellany  for  my  rough  notes  of  a  vi- 
sit which  1  have  recently  made  in  prtn 
pria  persona.  Viator. 

A  Walk  from  Wanstbad  to  Lit- 
tle Ilpord  akd  Cast  Ham 
Churches,  Essex. 

13th  Dec.  1829. — One  of  the  most 
inviting  mornings  I  ever  witnessed. 
It  was  not  frosty,  yet  the  sun  shone 
gloriously  forth,  ancf  there  was  a  dry- 
ness at  the  same  time,  a  mild  elasticity 
ip  the  air,  highly  exhilarating  to  the 
spirits, — it  was  more  like  a  foretaste  of 
spring  than  a  prelude  to  the  winter :  I 
could  not  remain  at  home.  But  in 
what  direction  shall  be  my  ramble? 
It  matters  not.  So  1  sallied  forth  at 
the^  postern  gate  of  the  garden,  and 
accicfent  determined  it. 

Forcing  my  way  thfoogh  "brake 
and  briar'  in  that  part  of  the  forest 

X  These  two  impicssife  words  are  said  to 
have  been  all  tbas  were  cBgravin  on  hi« 
tomb. 

$  I  am  waitiag  with  impatienca  fat  the 
appearaaee  of  Mr.  Piektring's  long  amiounc- 
ed  quarto  aditioB  of  the  Angler,  whidh  is  so 
much  wanted  by  Uw  "  illnstrators,"  Major's 
pretty  edition  being  too  small  for  tfaair  pur- 
pose ;  and  I  tmst  (hat  it  will  coatab  some 
engrmviags  of  the  seenery  about  tlia  streama 
and  viUiJgcs  nsentioned  in  (hat  swast  pas- 
toral. And  here  let  me  ask  what  have  the 
*<Waltooa«b"  of  London  doot'locora- 
memorata  his  name  ? — Look  inldniorSils- 
teed's  ChaptI  in  the  south  tnuiSBpt  of  that 
gloriods  cathedral  at  Wiaohasor.  Surely 
the  name  of  the  gentle  Piscator,  engraven 
on  a  memorial  worthy  of  him,  would  not  r*^ 
honour  aven  those  hallowsd  walls. 


1830.]       WanHeud  M<mn,^8morl  Leihimllier,  £19.  F.S.A^ 


497 


where  the  iwca  (including  lomc  tplcn-  the  church,  it  is  illowed  to  be  used  at 

did  tpeciment  of  Spanish  chesnut,  and  a  vestry^room.     Beneath  this  chapel 

two  stately  lime  groves)    now  stand  are   interred    the   remains   of  Smart 

marked  lor  Mling  by  iheir  rulbleaa  Lethieiillier,  one  of  those  patient  yet 

lord,  I  niched   mat  estraaire  por^  withosiastic  inTcitigaton -wne,  not  air« 

tion  of  uatncWaed  level  gnmnd,  iMOMrn  Absorbed  in  the  pursaiii  of  the  **  igno^ 

here  by  dM- namo  of  tha  Fkla|  iMving  rant   present  time/'  take  delight  m 


\V.nsteiri-Park  00  the  left.  llMraiid 
then»  thiM^K  the  trtca,  I  obtained  A 
si^hi  of  ihftdMNcb,  which  standi  bo  a 
^ntle  eaiocMe  in  thtf  middle  of  tha 
fKirk.  Near  10  the  ehureb^  eight  or 
nine  ycM«  since,  ilood  Wanslead 
Houie,^  •ae  of  the  moat  splendid 


iracins  the  history  of  by*niiie  aflc% 
and  those  remains  of  antiquity  tnai 
aenre  to  illustrate  it.  The  monnmenii 
in  this  chapel,  which  present  a 
elegant  appearance,  consist  principall 
of  a  large  sarcophagus  of  red-veine 
marble,  and  two  pedestals  on  either 
mansiomf  in  the  kingdom*  the  glory  of  tide  of  it,  bearing  urns  of  white  mar^ 
this  co«i|^«ir  at  leatt,if  I  mmtawwd  bic,  that  10  the  left  inscribed  at  fok 
that    pM-eininenoa   to  Andley  find,    lows: 

y'/*u'"*.*^''  \  •*?"'  inteiesting  Nlie  ..  Xo  the  memory  of  Smm  LeUiieullitr, 
of  the  Tader  atyle  in  antiouarian  mte-  eiq.  of  AlHcr.hr«»oi,  m  gcotlemu  of  poliia 
rest.  Hutg  aieil  thoughtless  eairara-  litenture  aod  elegant  uste;  an  eocouragw 
ganrc  hgi  laid  h  knv,  and  one  of  the     nf  arts  mnd   ingeniom  Bitisti;  •  •to'limis 

promoter  of  literary  inquirres ;  a  eom|MiikNi 
■ad  friepd  of  learned  men ;  judiciouBly  verted 
in  Um  tcieace  of  antiquity  1  and  richly  poa* 
seiaed  iif  the  curious  productions  of  natoiei 
but  who  modestly  desired  no  otiier  imcripr 
^o  UMiD  hb  tomb  than  what  lie  bad  made 
the  rule  of  hit  life,  an  adoionJtiuo  to  thf 
reader,  liy  example,  to  do  Justly,  to  luva 
Biercy,  and  to  walk  humbly  with  bis  God.*' 

Mr.  Ijethieollier  was  descended  from 
an  ancient  family  that  fled  from  France 


noblest  'mensiments  of  snocessful  in* 
duMry  liM  periahcd  for  ever ! 

Crostinn  the  great  ntad  which  leads 
through 'Ce  ooumy  of  Ksses  to  Suf- 
folk an4Norlblk,  I  came  pretenilj  to 
the  chinnh  md  rectory  honte  of  little 
1 1  ford,  ^hm  exterior  of  the  church 
has  nothkig  worthy  of  notice*  It  con- 
sists of  £roagh-cast  nave,  and  a  red- 
bricked-ahencel.  On  the  western  end 
is  a  small  wooden  icceptacle  Tor  a  bell  t 


and  abutting' upon  the  north  side  of    in  time  of  persecution.     Hit  detire  t« 
the  navtisa  plain  brick  bvilding  like     iropmve  ilic  civil  and  natural  history 


of  his  country  led  him  to  visit  all  parts 
of  it  I  the  Itineraries  in  his  library, 
and  the  discoveries  he  made  relating 
to  its  antiquities,  with  drawiiip(s  of 
erery  thing  remarkable,  are  evid^cfet 
of  his  great  application  to  reacue  a6 
many  ancient  remains  from  moulder* 
ing  in  oblivion.  Mr.  Lethieollier  did 
not  publish  the  result  of  his  -labonn^ 
further  than  by  some  pnpera  to  4he 
Arrha»oIf»gia,  &c.  He  died  wtthOnC 
ifsuo,  in  nik),  and  Mr.  Hulteof  Poit- 
man-squarr,  who  married  the  heirge* 
ncral  of  the  l^thieullier  family^  pos- 
sesses his  valuable  manuscripts,  m^ 
cliidiii|;  a  History  of  Darking  Abbey} 
alsu  his  collection  of  natural  hitlohf; 
fossils,  &c.  On  the  death  of  Mr.'Leto* 
family,  liwpghi  ffMV'the  smallncH  of    ienllier,  the  mansion  honse  at  Aldera- 


ihe  cbancd.  The  interior  is  such  as 
you  mi|iht  be  led  to  expect  from  its 
iinpromiiing  exterior,—- unadorned  at 
a  village  echooUbiMiftc.  In  Ibct^  the 
clerk,  waome  anch  dignitary,  wit 
beating  0tk  hit  'hand  wai  a  fbrmidabit 
rattan)  the  rodimanti  of  koowlidgt 
into  tho^ricnoinmt  of  a  olaat  of'vo^ 
ciferoua  -nrchint  marahalled  ia  the 
aisle.  Botf  traveller*  if  peradfMlore 
thou  aiC  en  inquisitive  Ofie«  4o  not 
Kuppote  ftom  this  my  descrimionlhat 
the  choKh  of  Little  Illbfd  M  oltMe- 
ther  unworthy  of  e  patting  viak9-k.3Br 
other wiae  |>— be  meny,  but  wiaeyOnd 
turn  intoihe  plain  briek  boildhm  be- 
fore natlied,  which  yon  will  find  the 
private  bmflel  plaee  of  a  geMlcsneo'l 


■•■^ 


■■• 


mw  a  very  laaeaMlrsni  structure,  and  was  built  by  the  oelcbcatad 
§.jmu  1715,  for  Sir  Richanl  (Jiild,  Etit.  afterwards  cceatad  Esaf 


Hoasa 


*  WanvsaoHi 
Colin  Gm#aB  abool  the.  yMtf 

of  TylflOTi  aao  of  Sir  J^iah  Child,  who.  was  a  merchant  of  London. 

was  iMBSaiarad  ooa  of  Gkaspball's  best  warika.    The  principal  front,  shown  in  tlia 

view,  Manht  17i7t  jflM'Ftafe  7/^  was  Ho  fert  in  length.     It  conaisted  of  twostorica, 

tha  baaaaMa^.aad  the  stale  tCoi^,  aod  oat  adorned  hy  a  noble  portico  of  <!orinthiaa*ap^ 

luoMi.     Itf  ilia  tfapaaum  of  the  poilleo  «as  the  arms  of  tlic  Tylney  family.    A'fiothir 

account  of  it  may  he  teen  in  vol.  xc  ri.  i.  p.  C97. — Elm. 

GcNT.  Mkd.  Jiiiir,  IR.10. 
r.» 
«> 


498 


Little  Ilford  Oiurch.-^East  Ham  Church. 


[Jane, 


brook  was  purchased  by  Sir  James 
Tylney  Long,  Bart,  of  Waiistead  Park, 
and  immedialeljr  pulled  down.  lis 
site  is  now  occupied  by  a  farm  house. 
Within  the  church,  on  the  north  side 
of  the  chancel,  is  an  interesting  ala- 
baster monument,  with  two  figures 
kneeling;  beneath  them  are  effigies  of 
several  sons  and  daughters.  The  wo- 
men are  in  high-crowned  hats  and 
ruffs,  with  small  hoops.  The  inscrip- 
tion slates  it  to  he  in  memory  of  Wil- 
liam Waldegrave,  "of  ihe  ancient  fa- 
mily of  that  name  in  this  county,'* 
who  died  in  161O,  and  Dorothy,  his 
wife;  she  died  in  158(3. 

Leaving  the  church  of  Little  Ilford, 
and  bearing  lo  the  right  across  a  few 
fields,  I  reached  the.  village  of  East 
Ham,  which,  though  it  presents  some 
poverty-stricken  tenements,  can  reckon 
also  several  subslaniial  houses,  not- 
wiihstandinp;  the  apparent  disadvan- 
tage of  iis  situation,  being  close  upon 
the  marshes  of  the  Thames.  At  some 
distance  from  where  the  houses  termi- 
nate, and  ihe  country  lies  open  to  the 
river,  from  which  it  is  situated  about 
a  mile,  stands  the  venerable  church  of 
East  Ham.  Time  and  circumstances 
will  sometimes  give  an  aspect  to  things 
which  otherwise  perhaps  they  would 
not  seem  to  warrant.  Possibly  it  was 
to  the  splendour  of  the  day,  or  it  might 
be  to  a  certain  indistinct  recollection 
that  I  should  find  here  some  relics  of 
antiquity,  that  I  owe  the  interest  I  felt 
when  this  time-worn  edifice  first  came 
in  view.  There  was,  moreover,  I 
thought,  something  striking  in  the 
landscape  beyond  what  I  had  expect- 
ed,— the  grey,  sombre-looking  church, 
with  its  ponderous  though  somewhat 
low  tower,  supported  in  its  tottering 
age  by  a  massive  brick  buttress, — the 
villagers  assembling  for  evening  prayer 
individually  or  by  groupes,  summoned 
by  the  sonorous  knell  from  this  tower, 
— to  the  right  Woolwich,  and  the 
crowd  of  masts  from  those  rich  ''ar- 
gosies" in  the  East  India  Docks.  A 
mile  or  more  distant  to  the  left  rose 
the  embattled  tower  of  the  ancient 
church  of  Barking,  near  lo  which 
stood  the  celebrated  abbey  so  named, 
the  first  convent  for  women  established 
in  this  kingdom.     For  a  back-ground 


Shooter's  Hill  in  Kent ;  whilst  to  en- 
liven the  scene  numerous  vessels,  some 
of  large  burthen,  were  passing  up  and 
down  the  river,  their  sails  lighted  up 
by  the  now  setting  sun. 

East  Ham  Church  consists  of  a  nave, 
a  double  chancel,  (the  farthest  having 
a  semicircular  apsis),  and  the  massive 
tower  before  mentioned,  strengthened 
by  brick  buttresses,  one  of  them  of 
amazing  bulk.*  It  is  much  disfigured 
by  plaster  and  rough-cast,  but  enough 
is  visible  to  show  that  it  is  built  of 
stones  and  flint.  The  walls  of  the 
chancel  are  three  feet  thick;  this,  with 
the  semicircular  east  end,  Saxon  round- 
headed  windows,  and,  I  think,  the 
door- way  at  the  western  estremity, 
mentioned  below,  bespeak  it  a  striking 
specimen  of  church  architecture  about 
the  period  of  the  twelfth  centuiy.  Along 
the  string  course  of  the  toweM|re  a  few 
ornamental  bosses,  among  which  is  to 
be  seen  that  elegant  device  the  port- 
cullis, the  Badge  of  the  House  of 
Tudor,  which  is  represented  with  such 
profusion  and  fine  effect  in  the  chapel 
of  King's  College,  Cambridge.  At  the 
western  angles  are  gareoiles,  represent- 
ing eagles,  or  other  birds.  The  outer 
entrance  to  the  tower  is  mean,  and 
apparently  modern ;  but  within  is  con- 
cealed a  door- way  of  the  boldcfst  pro- 
portions, with  three  semicircular  re- 
ceding arches.  The  capitals  of  the  co« 
lumns  are  without  ornament^  and  the 
whole  presents  a  fine  example  of  early 
Norman  architecture.  This  was,  pro* 
bably,  before  the  erection  of  thetower, 
the^reat  western  entrance  to  the  church, 
as  It  is  not  likely  that  th«^ architect 
would  have  made  so  poor  an- entrance 
to  the  tower  from  without,  and  at  the 
same  time  concealed  from  .new  this 
noble  door-way.  To  the  south  of  the 
altar,  within  a  deep  recess  formed  by 
two  trefoil  arches,  united  in  the  centre 
b]f  a  slender  detached  colnma,  is  a 
Piscina  with  a  double  draio.  This 
elegant  piece  of  architecture  is  ((overed 
by  a  thick  coating  of  white-wi|h.  On 
the  opposite  of  the  altar  is  oneof  those 
interesting  monuments,  nol  infre- 
quently to  be  seen  in  par  parochial 
churches,  but  which  often  oqezpect- 
edly  present  themselves  to  tliif  ardent 
topographer,  in  requital  of^hfTtoils,!* 


1"  and  a 


*  There  is  a  S.  E.  view  of  this  church  in  Mn.  Ogbome's  "  Hiitorj  of 
N.  W.  Tjew  in  Woodbum's  "  Ecclesiastical  Topo^n^ihy." 

1*  The  vexatious  annoyances  to  which  the  topographer  was  subjected  in  the  prosecu- 
tion of  his  labours  in  the  days  of  the  first  James  are  thus  alluded  to  by  old  Weaver, 


laSO.]  Eoit  Ham  ChwreK^Nevill  Family.  499 

MMnetimet  even,  u  in  the  present  in-  I  remember  to  hare  teen  it  stated 

stance,  affbrdiog  him  a  oiotiTe  for  an  somewhere  that  the  btter  is  the  an- 

inquisitive  research  into  the  history  of  cient  coat  of  Nerill.    It  is,  however, 

his  country,  to  resolve  some  obscure  certain  that  it  was  borne,  bat  without 

or  doubtful  point.  the    canton,    by  the  de  Verdons,    a 

The  monument  here  referred  to,  powerful  baronial  familv  of  Norman 

bears,  with  two  others,  the  following  descent,    who  flourished    for    several 

inscription  t—  centuries  after  the  Conquest  in  the 

"  fa  memorii  Mcram.  northern  counties.f 

"  To  tb«  Bi«ino7  of  the  Right  Honour-  But  it  is  the  circumstances  attending 

able  Edmood  Nevill,  Lord  LaUoMr,  Earl  of  the  history  of  the  personage  here  com- 

Wefttmoreland,  and  l>am«  Jana  his  wife;  memorated,    that   render   this    mono- 

with  th«  meiBortalt  of  their  seven  children,  inent   more    than   ordinarily   curious. 

Which  Edmond  was  lioeally  descended  from  Although  the  undoubted  representative 

the  honoorable  blood  of  kings  and  princes,  of  his  ancient  line,  this  Edmond  Ne- 

and  the  seveBtb  Earl  of  Westmoreland  of  vill  was  only  the  titular  Earl  of  Wesl- 

tbe  name  of  NeviU."  moreland.     Charles,  the  sixth  Earl  of 

Theefiii^iesof  iheEarlandhisCoun-  Westmoreland,  and  thirteenth  Baron 

tess  are  about  the  size  of  life,  and  are  Nevill  of  Haby,  having  conspired  with 

represented  with  uplifted  hands,  as  in  the  Earl  of  NorthumberlancI  (Thomas 

prayer,  kneeling  at  a  desk  or  altar,  on  Percy,  seventh  Earl),  against  the  go- 

which  are  open  Ixjoks.    The  Earl  is  in  vernment  of  Elizabeth,   and  not  im- 

arinour,  over  which  is  a  mantle,  with  probably  with  a  view  to  place  her  rival, 

his    helmet    lying    beside   him.      His  Mary,  on  the  Throne,  these  powerful 

Countess  is  attired  in  sweeping  robes,  nobles,    having  called    together   their 

and  the  coronet  on  her  head  denotes  friends  and  vassals,  met  at  the  Castle 

her  dignity.     On  the  lower  step  of  the  of  Hranceneth,  in  Durham,  an  ancient 

monument    are     figures    representing  stronghold  of  the  Nevills,  where  they 

their  seven  children  in  black  dresses,  and  suggested  to  their  followers,  "  That  all 

in  white  hoods,  and,  as  is  usual  on  these  the  English  Nobility  were  resolved  to 

occasions,  their  heights  are  nicely  gra-  restore  the  Romish  religion  ;  and  that 

duated.     This  nioiuiment   is  exceed-  they  did  thus  put  themselves  in  arms 

inuly  rich  in  heraldry,  there  being  no  to  prevent  upstarts  from  trampling  on 

less  than  eleven  separate  escutcheons  the  old   nohiiiiv;  and  so  appeared  in 

of  arms,  showing  the  alliances  of  this  open  rebellion. *^^     Hut   upon  the  Pre- 

illu^trious  house,  whose  name  has  been  sident  of  the  North  (Thomas  RatcliflT, 

associated   with    the   annals    of    their  Earl  of  Su'^sex)  marching  against  them 

country  for  so  many  generations.  Those  with  a  superior  force,  they  fled  into 

most  conspicuous,  frum  being  embia-  Scotland,    from  whence  the  Earl  of 

zoned  on  much  larger  shields,  are,  Westmoreland   escaped    to   Flanders  ; 

1st.  Gules,  a  saltier  Arjcent,  for  Ne-  and  being  attainted  of  high  treason  by 

vill.^     2d.  Or,  fretty  Gules,  on  a  Can-  outlawry  in  the  Parliament  of  the  13tli 

ton  pirlv  ncT  pale.  Argent  and  Sable,  of  P^liznbeth,   1570,    his   dignity   and 

a  ship  of  tne  second  with  sails  furled,  possessions  were  forfeited. §     He  died 

in  his  **  Discourse  on  Funeral  MonuroenUt'*  and  the  writer  of  these  crudities  can  beer 
Hituess  to  the  teasing  interruptiuns  sometimes  encountered  even  at  the  present  time,  by 
the  disciples  of  John  Leland;  although  hitherto  he  lias  escaped  the  morti6cation  oi 
affording  amusement  to  the  village  urchins  by  ao  exhibition  of  his  meagre  visage  in  the 
csge,  or  resting  his  weary  legs  in  the  stocks.  **  Having  found,"  sajs  Weever,  **  one  or 
two  ancient  funeral  inscriptious,  or  oiiliterated  sculptures,  in  this  or  that  parish  ehweh, 
I  have  ridden  to  ten  {larish  churches  distant  from  that,  and  not  found  one.  Besides  I  have 
been  taken  up  in  divers  churches  by  the  churchnvnlm^  t^f  the pariih,  and  not  suffered  to 
write  the  epitaphs,  or  to  take  view  of  the  mooumrnts  as  much  as  I  desired." 

*  The  Right  Honourable  Henry  Nevill,  Earl  of  Abergavenny,  Baron  Bergavenny,  or 
as  it  is  now  spelt,  Abergavenny,  premier  Baron  of  England,  who  is  descended  trom 
Edward  Nevill,  siath  son  of  Ralph,  first  Earl  of  Westmoreland,  bears  thb  eont  with  a 
difference  i  vii.  Gules,  ob  a  saltier  Argent  a  rose  of  the  First,  baibcd  and  seeded  Proper. 

t  During  the  last  suauner  I  ofaaerved  the  arnu  of  the  de  Verdons,  on  a  shieU  attaehed  to 
the  mooamental  sffigy  of  a  knight,  half  boned  in  the  ground,  among  the  pictoresqaa  hmn 
uf  Calder  Abbey,  Cumberland. 

X  See  Dugdale. 

S  The  Castle  of  Brancepeth  was  vested  ia  the  Crown  by  a  speeial  act.    la  tba  rsign  of 


500  The  Family  of  NeviU,  Udrli  6f  WBHmordi^.  (jf 

abroad  at  aa  advanced  ags,   wikhdnt  toihe  EirldoBl.orWestiwivdMid:(bH^ 

issue  male.  ring  the  altainder)*  a«  refMCMnUtivefof 

Iq  the  second  year  of  the  reisn  of  the  ekiett  male  line  of  bii-  faiDily«  th« 

James    the    First,    Edmond    NeTill  afsiamptioo  by  him  of  the  lith  oi  iM* 

(whose  name  is  recorded  on  the  mo-  timer  was  surely  erroneoai»ithttaiMiBDl 

nument  above-mentioned)  the  lineal  Baronies  of  Latimer  baviog  long  be* 

descendant  of  George  Nevil)^  fifth  son  fore  passed  by  fiemnlcft  mto  otkev  fm- 

of  Ralph,  first  Earl  of  Westmoreland,  milies,  according  to  the  law^of  deiceDl 

who  was  created  to  that  dignity  fay  of  Baronies  in  fee>  by  which  the  fe- 

letters  patent  in  1397>  and  next  heir  males  of  eaeh  aenentum  are  preferred 

malf  o^  Charles  the  last  Earl,  having  to  the  males  of  the'  prcodJiBg^  genenv* 

assumed  the  title  of  Earl  of  West-  tiem.    l^e  Barony  of  Latincr,  csmtV- 

moreland,    notwithstanding    the    at-  tuted  by  writ  of  summon*  oC  the  Mthr 

taindcr,  was  summoned  to  appear  at  Edw.  1-.  11^9*  thooj^h  ilhavBdt  been 

Whitehall,  before  the  Lords  Commis-  taken  out,  i» viested  in  thit  pmwDI  Ifwi 

sinners  for  execating  the  office  of  Earl  Willooghby  deBroke,  by  ffaM  ttifttisM 

Marshall,  which  he  answered  on  the  of  his  ancestor.  Sir  ThottatWilfoo}}^* 

3d  of  March,  l605,  by  his  attorney,  by,  with  the  sister  and  sole,  heir  of 

who  prayed  for  time.    It  appears  that  John  Nevill,  the  fifth-BarcMDj  whoxKedl 

the  case  was  afterwards,  by  the  com-  in  1430.  ^  ","•'. 

mand  of  the  king,  propounded  to  the        The  Barony  of  Latimer^  ^  writbf 

judges,  who  decided  against  the  claim,  the  10th  Henry  VL  1430,  BpMl-  Ae 

on  the  eround  that  the  attainder  had  death  of  John  IVevilU  fonrth  Baieo,  ia 

caused  all  the  honours  to  be  forfeited  1577  (who  was  great-greao^graDdiencf 

to  the  Crown  as  an  estate  of  inherit-  George  Nerill,  first  Elaron,  fifth  aon  of 

ance.*  To  the  untoward  circumstances  Ralph,  first  Earl  of  Wctlinoidatidp 


attending  his  suit,  he  may  be  supposed  from  whom  Edmotid  Nerill 

to  allude,  in  the  following  rhyming  his  deacent),  fell  into-  abeyinoe  hi^ 

epitaph  on  his  tomb:  tween  his  four  danghleNi  ami  ihe 

,^,  ^  present  Duke  of  NorthttOriMtlaritf^. fay 

*'trom  princely,  aadfrom  honourable  blood,  |he  marriage  of  hii  anctilorr  Heonr 

By  true  saccession  was  my  high  descent;  p^^     ^j  |,jh  EarlaT NorthombdriaodC 

Ma.1ignant  crosses  oft  opposed  m;  good,  with^K«tlu»rin«  N««1L  ia  ike  smraaui^ 


angnan.  crosses  or*  opposed  mjr  good,  with  Katliarine  NefiU,  lithe 

And  adverse  chance  my  sUte  did  circnm-     ^^^  ^^  ^^^  ^^  ^^  '^  fcor  "coheir. 

of  that  honour.  It  would  appear  rather 
Edmond  Nevill,  although  entitled     that  Edmond  Nevill  shoulabave  styled 


a*^Bi^^^iB>a^^k*«a*J^.*A^^ 


Charles  t  it  was  sold,  under  the  authority  of  letters  pateat,  to  La^  MUUBslOtf  Md 
others,  since  which  it  has  pttsed,  by  alienation,  through  soferal  finanes^  ad  is'  now 
the  seat  of  William  Russell,  Esq.  M.P.  for  the  County  of  Durham.  Ikiaeapath-  aiaM ta 
the  Nevills  by  marriage  with  the  heiress  of  the  Bulmer».  [A  view  of  BnuM<ptlli  Chttld 
will  be  found  in  vol.  zcvji.  i.  p.  805.]  Raby  Castle,  in  the  same  eoim^  was  the  €l|ief 
residence  of  this  great  fiimllj,  and  was  among  the  estates  forfeited  by  Qmrlaay  tha  laafc 
Earl,  for  the  rebellion  in  the  north.  Ou  the  grand  entrance  to  Raby  are  tlima  shields, 
bearing  the  anns  of  the  Nevills. 

*  A  copy  of  Edmond  Nevill's  claim,  which  is  a  curious  document,  may  be  finmd  in 
the  Lansdowne  MSS.  254,  p.  376.  See  Mr.  Nicolas's  Synopsis  <k  the  Fterm  of 
England,  a  work  of  great  labour  and  research,  and  one  of  the  ihost  vahaiUe  "  CMps 
to  History"  which  has  appeared  jFbr  many  years.  May  I  venture  to  hi^  thaf  Mr. 
Nicolas  will  undertake  a  similar  elucidation  of  the  Peerage  of  Scotland  and  Irelaiid. 
rrhe  latter,  we  have  some  time  since  announced,  is  promised  by  the  best  anduiriljr.  Sir 
William  Betham,  the  present  Ulster  King  at  Arms. — ^Edit.] 

'h  Edmond  Nevill  might,  probably,  feel  the  disallowal  of  Ills  ancestral  honoftn  the  piorar 
aeutely,  from  the  circumstance  of  the  Earldom  of  Northumberland  being  vetted,  in  his 
day.  In  the  family  of  Percy,  notwithstanding  the  attainder  in  1571  of  Tfaomai  PMty,  Earl 
of  Northumberland,  on  account  of  bis  participation  with  Charles  Nevill,  Ear!  of  WiWaiore- 
land,  in  the  rebellion  against  Queen  Elizabetn,  mentioned  above.  The  EitfUhMV  cff  North- 
umlMerland  and  other  dignities,  were  by  Letters  Patent  conferred  (the  anelmt  EnMom  waa 
under  forfeiture)  on  Thomas  Percy,  'tik  1557,  and  in  default  of  heirs  male,  irHh  fettkaiiider 
to  his  brother  Henry,  and  the  heirs  male  of  his  body.  The  said  Thomas  Bat  of  North- 
umfaerlaad,  was  attainted  of  high  treason  in  1571,  and  had  he  left  issue  toA;  to  long  aa 
such  issue  male  existed,  these  dignities  would  have  been  forfeited ;  but  on  the  eztincthm 
of  the  issue  male  of  his  body,  the  remainder  would  immediately  take  effect ;  as,  however, 
lie  died  without  issue  male,  the  dignities  Instantly  devolved  on  his  brother,  in  cuAaVfttenca 
of  the  limitations  in  the  Patent.     (Vide  Nicolas.) 


lasal  Bmriat-pUM  0/ Dt".  SteM^— On  ike  EnglM  Unguage.      6M 


hwaintf,  mtteid  of  ««  Lord  LatiaMr/'  TbekngthtniDrflhadowBiBOirlMgn 

'*  Loid  Ncvill  of  Rabv,"  that  anctcoi  to  warn  me  that  the  eveniogvMMwaaa* 

dtgaajTt  Md  origioallj  by  tenare  id  iog  Cmi  away»  aad  ai  I  letiactd  oDy 

the  raiga  of  Heoiy  II.  by  Oti&Snf  de  stept^  pondcrNigoii  these  thion^  I  waa 

NeviUy  l^raodton  of  Gilbert  de  NevUl»  dcli^ed  by  one  of  the  grawUit  ttiii* 

Admiral  of  the  Conqaeior't  fleets  bemg  sets   thftt  coald  be  witaeHedu  .  The 

waeted  io  him,  excepting  alwayt  the  doudt  aopeartd  githeiad  from  ereiy 

impediment  of  the  attainder,  and  pro*  quarter  of  the  horiton,  lo  «b  homaga 

vfded  alio  there  were  no  repretentativei  to  the  Mm'a  exit ;  and  aa  he  tank  into 

in  the  female  lioa  nearer  than  himaalf  that  **  wetura  Paradiae^"  the  doode 

in  blood  to  Chatlet^  the  sixth  and  last  %rere  dyed  by  his  departing  nrjrs  with 

Eail  of  Westmoreland,  and  thiriceach  hoca  of  the  BMst  gorgeoos  vermilion* 

Baron  NevilJ  of  Raby.  •  ■   »■■ 

la  thb  Choich  it  also  a  monument  Mr.  Urbajt,                     Jioh  g, 

with  kneeling  figorcSfifitcribedtoGilcs  T  HAVE  read,  with  mocb  pleatuio, 

Bieame,  Etq*  dated  l69l ;  and  others  X  the  obtenrationt  of  the  writer  of 

belonging  to  the  family  oT  Sir  James  <*  Stray  Thoughts  on  Language,*' whioh 

Blaiid  BorgesSy  Bart.    0»  the  north  have  lately  appeared  ni  the  G&ot.  Mag., 

side  of  the  nave  are  several  semicircular  and  particularly  those  relating  to  tho 

arches ;  but  to  what  purpose  they  were  unnecessary  corroptiooa  of  the  English 

originally  appropriated  i  am  unable  to  language ;  a  sobjeel  on  which,  with 

determine.    On  the  Nevill  monument  your  permission,  1  %vill  add  a  lew  mofo.* 

is  no  date,  but  I  6nd  that  Jane  Nevill  Since  the  use  of  language  is  to  eoea* 

died  in  l64l,  and  left,  tocher  with  municate  our  thooghu  lo  each  other, 

some  ehariuble  bequests,  five  shillings  1  think  that  the  language  which  is  the 

to  be  laid  out  annually  in  repaire  to  most  perspicuous  (the  moat  caiily  iro- 

her  hiuband's  monoment.  derttood),  and  the  most  simple  (the 

In  the  parish  is  an  ancient  mansion,  most  easily  learnt),  is  the  best.    But  If 

supposed  to  have  been  the  residence  of  we  use  ten  thousand  borrowed  worda, 

the  Nevills.  of  which  an  EfMlishaMU  haa  to  leant 

That  faoHMt  antiquary.  Dr.  Stake-  the  meaaiiy  atHt  soond,  instead  of  aa 
ley,  lies  buried  in  this  quiet  church-  roanyEn^ishones,of  which  he  knows 
yard,  in  a  spot  which  ttmck  him  whilst  the  meaning  and  sound  withooc  seek- 
on  a  visit  to  the  vicar  a  short  time  be-  ing  them,  we  make  oor  langtiage  less 
fore  his  death,  in  17^.  He  wm  many  perspicuous  and  simple,  and  conae- 
yean  Secretary  to  the  Society  of  Anii-  quentiv  less  excellent.  It  may  be  said 
quaries,  and  publithed  the  itinerarium  that  the  borrowed  words  are  under- 
Coriosum,  an  account  of  Stonehenge,  stood  by  weU*educated  people,  which 
of  the  Remains  at  Abury,  &c.  Dr.  1  will  allow  to  some  extent;  but  they 
Stokele^  obtained  from  hit  friendt  tho  are  critically  understood  by  those  ooKr 
appellation  of  the  Areh  Druid  of  hia  who  know  the  languages  from  whioa 
age;  and  probably  from  having  been  they  are  borrowed;  ami  it  is  no  com- 
1m,  by  the  nature  of  his  inquiries  into  mendation  to  the  English  tongue,  to 
"  the  dark-backwatd  and  abyss  of  sav  that  one  must  learn  three  or  foor 
time,"  to  coQiemplate  how  inadequate  owtn  to  understand  it.  However,  ii 
are  the  most  pompous  sepulchres  to  often  happens  that  the  very  writer  who 
insure  a  *'  perpetuity  of  fame,'*  he  di-  uses  them  undentands  them  so  little, 
rected  that  a  green  turf  only  should  be  that  he  commita  some  unlucky  blon- 
laid  smoothly  over  his  grave.  Mv  der,  of  which  he  would  roost  likcfy 
q^uettions,  therefore,  to  the  honest  bell-  blush  to  be  told.  An  author  of  ao  in- 
ringer,  as  to  hit  **  whereaboutt,*'  were  teresting  book,  I  lately  saw,  caUs  tho 
vain.  guides  that  lead  visitors  through  ruina, 

*  It  BMj  be  Here  oUerred,  that  the  Right  HonooraUc  John  Fans,  the  prwcat  sad 
teotk  Emm\  of  WtttawralaDd  of  hb  fttauly,  is  descsndad  frooi  Fraads  Faoa,  too  of  Sir 
Thomas  Fsae,  by  Mary  Navill,  duightcr  aad  heir  of  Haary  Navill,  Baroa  BargavwMV, 
DMpucer,  aad  Borghsfsh,  who  waa  dttosadad  fiooi  Edward,  sixth  son  of  Ralph  Nevill, 
first  Earl  of  Westauwelaod  (that  aociaai  tiaa  firom  which  spraag  so  aaajr  aoWa  Miea^. 
ThU  lady  challenged  the  Barooy  of  Bemvaaoy  against  the  hair  aude.  wbieh  lad  lo  the 

ceWbrated  anonatout  dacisioa  of  the  Hoasa  of  Lords  in  fvspaet  to  that  Baraay,  hi  the 
time  of  Jamaa  the  First.  See  dd  Report  of  Lords'  Comsilttafs  on  the  D^gai^  of  the 
Paen^,  p^9l«. 


503 


Corruptions  of  the  English  Language, 


[JIMI0, 


&c.  "  ihete  Cicerone,"  forgetting  that 
the  plural  was  Ciceroni ;  and  some  of 
the  public  prints  stated,  not  long  ago, 
that  some  article  of  dress  was  worn  "  h 
la  fFellington"  Now  h  la  agrees  only 
with  the  feminine  gender ;  and  when 
the  word  mode,  f.  is  understood,  its 
adjective  in  the  feminine  gender  is 
used ;  as,  h  la  I^anfaise,  ^  la  Pari- 
sienne,  &c.  Many  of  the  borrowed 
terms  are  not  to  be  found  in  an  Eng- 
lish dictionary;  and,  indeed,  no  dic- 
tionary could  teach  an  Englishman  the 
true  sound  of  the  French  u,  and  the 
nasal  en,  in,  &c.  The  apology  com- 
monly made  for  the  use  of  exotic  ex- 
pressions, is,  either  that  they  are  more 
expressive  than  our  own,  or  that  we 
have  none  that  will  give  their  mean- 
ing; both  of  which  assertions  are  as 
idle  as  they  are  scandalous  to  the  Eng- 
lish nation.  If  they  are  more  expres- 
sive than  our  own,  we  must  allow  that 
their  inventors  are  men  of  a  better  wit 
than  ourselves;  but  I  cannot  easily  be- 
lieve that  the  word  porte-feuilie  ex- 
presses (to  an  Englishman)  the  use  of 
the  thing  better  than  the  word  paper- 
case  would ;  the  word  portmanteau, 
more  clearly  than  clothes-case ;  envelope, 
than  covers  or  that  chef-d'oeuvre  is  more 
expressive  than  masterpiece;  naivei^, 
than  artlessness;  valet-de-chambre,  than 
Led-room-servant ;  dejeune  h  la  four- 
chette,  than  fork- lunch;  soi-disant,  than 
self-styled',  and  will  any  reasonable 
man  assert,  that  the  meaning  of  wood- 
man, tinman,  coachman,  &c.  is  not  as 
clear  as  their  equivalents  in  French 
or  Greek  would  be  found  ?  That 
we  have  not  equivalents  for  many 
terms  we  borrow,  I  will  allow ;  but  to 
say  that  wc  could  not  make  such  by 
composition,  would  be  a  different  thing. 
Where  the  marching  intellect  in  Eng- 
land seeks  new  words  from  other  lan- 
guages, the  Germans  compound  them 
with  the  greatest  ease  and  accuracy 
from  their  own  ;  and  whatever  they 
can  do  with  their  language,  we  can  do 
with  ours ;  since,  not  only  are  both 
very  much  alike,  radically,  but,  as  far  as 
our  composition  goes,  it  is  precisely  on 
the  German  principle. 

The  arguments  in  favour  of  the  bor- 
rowing system  are  few,  and  (I  think) 
quite  idle;  while  those  against  it  are 
not  only  many  but  strong.  1st.  It  is 
a  proof  of  national  inferiority,  for  if 
we  have  terms  of  war,  or  navigation, 
from  another  nation,  it  seems  as  if  they 
had    taught    us    something  of   those 


things;  if  terms  of  muiic  from  .■»• 
other,  that  they  taught  us  miiaici  if 
from  a  third,  terms  of  ciTilityy  ihit 
they  taught  us  politeness,  &c.  Sndly, 
It  renders  our  language  less  simple,  lew 
perspicuous,  less  pure,  less  regular,  :aiid 
fit  only  for  learned  people  to  convene 
with  each  other  in,  being  no  longer 
one  in  which  the  more  learned  can 
easily  teach  the  less  so :  this  assertion 
will  be  admitted  by  those  who  know 
that  half  a  country  congregation  under- 
stand but  half  the  sermon,  and.  yoatk 
but  a  quarter  of  what .  they  >  read. 
That  purity  of  language  is  a  gracey^ve 
all  seem  to  allow ;  for  when  we  'are 
weighing  the  excellencies  and  defects 
of  a  Latin  author,  we  commonly  throw 
the  purity  of  his  style  into  one  scale  or 
the  other.  3dly.  It  causes  great  toil 
and  obstruction  to  the  teacher  of  youth, 
and  keeps  the  pupil  learning  wordSf 
when  "he  should  be  learning  facts* 
Hence  the  dry  expositors,  glossariei, 
&c.  that  tire  cnildren  before  they  hare 
learnt  anything  of  use.  4thly.  The 
right  sound  of  foreign  words  being 
known  to  few  besides  those  who  have 
learnt  the  languages  from  which  thef 
are  borrowed,  many  a  worthy  Englisb 
scholar,  perhaps  of  first-rate  ahilitiea  in 
science,  is  laughed  at  for. a  fool,  be» 
cause,  in  reading  a  newspaper,  he4oea 
not  give  the  Parisian  accent  to  such 
scraps  and  words  as  ondit,  debut,  eclat, 
^ui  vive,jeu  de  mot,  &c.  6thly.  There 
IS  no  need  of  borrowing,  because  we 
can  make  words  to  any  extent  by  com- 
pounding  those  we  have  already.  What 
is  the  use  of  the  word  douceur,  when 
wt  hsivt  softener  ?  i 

Of  coup  d'ceil,  for  a  glance  ? 

Of  proteg^,  —  a  ward  ? 

Of  aid  de  camp,  —  ao  under  general  ^  - 

Of  l>eau  roonde,  —  the  fine  world  ? 

Of  jeu  d'esprit,  — a  sally  of  wit? 

Of  belles  lettres,  —  fine  learning  ? 

Of  canaille,  —  rabble  ? 

Of  billet-doux,  —  a  love-note  ? 

Of  grandiloquous,  —  high-talking  ? 

Of  royal,  —  kiqgly  ? 

Of  coup  de  grace,  —  a  moster-strokS  ? 

Of  typographer,  —  a  printer  ? 

Of  sang  froid,  —  cool  blood>or  coolness? 

Of  jeu  de  mots,  ■ —  a  pun  ? 

Of  bagatelle,  —  a  trifle  ? 

Of  finesse,  ~-  a  will  ? 

Of  precursor,  —  a  forerunner  ? 

Of  connoisseur,  -—  an  uudentandar  ? 

Of  escritoir,  —  a  writing-chiMt  ? 

Of  annual,  —  yearly,  £ot 

The  following  words  are  some  of 
those  for  %vhich  we  have  no  cquiva* 


issa] 


ConupiionM  of  the  EMgliih  Language. 


508 


CDU ;  and  I  bare  shaped  a  few  which 
I  think  would  be  tumciently  expret- 
siTe. 

The  English  word  tiead  means  a 
place.  So  in  the  sister  langtiage  of 
ours,  the  Danish,  we  find  it  with  the 
same  meaning :  "  1  Jerusalem  er  det 
Mied  hror/*  &c.,  in  Jerusalem  is  the 
place  where,  &c.  Now  then,  that 
awkward  word 


Lore  means  learniog^  doctrloe^  &:c. 
therefore 


might 


} 


Lieufeoanty 

Aviary, 

Menagerie, 

Reodezvoitt, 

Head  station  (of  a  1 

■ocietj,  &c.)         J 
Bui7inj;-place(not  ^ 

being  a  Church-  > 

yardj  S 

Place    of   refuge, 

Asylum, 
Seat  of  war. 
Place  of  punishment, 
Lieutenaocj, 
Locomotive  f 
Dislocate, 

Place  of  amusement. 
Place     of    study 

Museum,  &c. 
Substitute, 
Laboratory, 
The  seat  of  popu- 1 

lar  disturbance,    J 
Place  of  Refurroa-  \ 

tion,  penitentiary,  / 


be  steadholder. 

—  a  birdstead. 

—  animalstead. 

—  meetingstead. 

—  highstead. 

—  gravettead. 


safestead. 

warstead. 
painstead. 
steadho  Lderhood. 
steadgoing. 
to  uustead. 
gaystead. 

lorestead. 

steadman,  &c. 
workstesd. 

mobetead. 
mendstead. 


Ornithology,       should 

Mythology,  — 

Osteology,  — 

Pathology,  — 

Physiology,  

Tactics,  

Political  Economy,  — » 

Zoology,  

Pneumatics,  — — 

Meteorology,  -— 

Geology,  

Potaroology,  — 

Philology,  •— 

Astronomy,  •— ^ 

Agriculture,  

Couchulo/^y,  . 

Hydrostatics,  — 

Optics,  — — 


be  birdlore. 

-  &bteIore. 

-  bonelore. 

-  painlore. 

-  naturelore. 

-  warlore. 

•  gcnremlore. 

-  animal-lore. 

-  airlore. 

-  meteorlore. 

-  earthlore. 

-  riverlore. 

-  wordlore. 

-  starlore. 

-  fieldlore. 

-  shell- lore. 

-  waterweightlore. 

-  I'ghtlore ; 


and  so  on.  The  substantives  of  the 
persons  might  be  birdloreman,  fable- 
loreman,  &c. ;  the  adjectives  applied 
to  the  persons,  birdlearned,  fableleam- 
ed,  &c.  and  those  answering  to  orni- 
thological, mythological,  could  l>e  bird- 
loribh,  fablelorish,  &c.  in  the  German 
manner. 

From  child,  boy,  man,  woman,  we 
have  the  stibsiantives  of  the  states, 
childhood,  boyhood,  manhood,  woman* 
hood,  all  right  and  regular.  For  the 
state 


Of  a  God, 
Of  a  King, 
Of  a  Regent, 
Of  a  Mayor, 
Of  a  Bishop, 
Of  a  Colonel, 
Of  an  Absentee, 
Of  a  Beggar, 


we  have  Godhead,      which  should  be 

Royalty,  

Regency,  «— — 

Mayoralty,  ' 

Episcopacy,  _— «»_ 

^^— —  Colonelcy,  — — 

— ^—  Absenteeism,  ' 

Begga^,  


Good  English  wonis  might  be  easily 
formed  for  the  awkward  and  irregular 
ones  frequently  borrowed ;  and  I  hope 
these  observations  will  meet  the  eyes 
of  some  scholars  who  may  be  better 
able,  and  no  less  willing  than  I  am,  to 
stop  the  contemptible  system  of  Gal- 


Godhood. 

Kinf^hood. 

Regenthood. 

Mayorhood. 

Bishophood. 

Colonelhood. 

Absenteehood. 

Beggarbood. 

licising.  Latinizing,  and  Hellenitimg 
our  language,  now  so  extremely  com- 
mon, that  It  is  likely  to  make  it  in  • 
few  years  a  medly  understood  critically 
only  by  a  few  professors  of  the  dead 
and  livmg  languages. 

Yours,  &C.  DlLBTTAMTK. 


Mr.  Urban,  June  10. 

THE  following  Petition,  complain- 
ing of  the  neglect,  mismanage- 
ment, and  oppression,  of  the  Parlia- 
menurian  garrison  at  Malmesbury,  it 
from  a  draft  on  vellum,  without  tigiia- 


ture s,  which  has  been  presenred  by  the 
sin^rular  accident  of  its  having  been 
made  the  cover  of  a  ciphering  book.* 
Malmesbunr  was  tarrenderea  by  the 
Royalists  Harch  S7»  1^3 ;  and  it  was 
prooably  during  that  year  that  this  J^ 


*  Belonging  to  Edward  Ady  in  1681^— As  this  book  has  remained  in  the  ^ 

of  an  inhaJbitant  of  Seagry,  where  the  fismily  of  Ady  or  Adyo  lived,  (ia  the  oba^ctl  of 
Seagry  Church  is  a  tomb  to  the  memory  of  £!dward  Adye,  who  died  in  166S  i  at  the  side 


504 


State  of  Mahnahwry  during  the  Civil  Wat. 


\3VtBf 


tition  was  framed.  As  a  piclurc  of  the 
iron  sway  of  the  stern  Kepnblicans, 
even  to  a  community  of  their  own 
party,  and  of  the  miseries  attendant  on 
civil  war  and  military  government  un« 
der  all  circumstances,  as  well  as  an 
interesting  record  connected  with  local 
history,  1  think  it  not  unworthy  of  in- 
sertion in  your  miscellany. 

To  the  Right  hon***  the  Com*^  of  both 
Kingdomes. 
The  humble  Petition  of  certaine  free- 
holders and  other  sufficient  inhabitants 
of  the  Connty  of  Wiltes,  dwellinge 
neere  vnto  the  Garrison  of  Malmes- 
bury. 

Humbly  sheweth. 
That  since  the  Garrison  of  Malmesburie 
was  reduced  vnto  the  obedience  of  the  Par- 
liamS  the  same  hath  not  onely  beene  main- 
tained, espetiallie  by  the  contribuc'on  of 
your  petic  oners,  and  the  places  neere  ad- 
joyninge,  but  also  your  petic'oners  have 
ordinarily  given  firee  quarter  to  the  forces  of 
the  said  Garrison,  and  their  plowes*  hare 
been  prest  at  all  seasons  both  to  carry  stone 
and  tymber  and  other  materialls  for  the  for* 
tificac*ons,  and  to  carry  hay,  wood,  and 
coles,  for  other  vscs  in  the  said  Grarrison, 
v^hout  any  paym'  for  the  same :  And  more- 
ouer  divers  considerable  debts  are  contract- 
ed by  certaine  well  affected  Gent,  of  the 
Countie  (as  your  petic'oners  are  informed) 
for  the  buyinge  of  ammunic*on  and  other 
necessaries,  and  for  raysinge  of  horse  and 
armes  for  the  defence  of  the  countrie  (w<^ 
debts  your  petic'oners  hold  themselves 
bounden  in  dnty  to  dischardge  accordbce 
to  their  proporc'on  w^  other  parts  of  the 
Countie).  And  whereas  your  petic'oners 
hoped  (as  the  fruits  of  these  great  expenses) 
to  nave  beene  p'tected  in  some  measure  from 
violence  and  rapine,  yet  the  enimy  hath  a1- 
wues  compelled  the  oountrie  to  paie  contri- 
buc*on  and  other  taxes,  and  alsoe  hath  con- 
tinually plundered  and  spoyled  yo'  peti* 
c'oners,  and  the  inhabitants  of  places  iaeer- 
est  adjacent  to  the  said  Garrison,  w^hout  any 
opposic*on  of  the  said  forces,  all  w^h  hath 
happened  through  the  insufficiency,  timidity, 
and  falshood  of  the  chiefe  Com'anders  and 
certaine  other  Officers  of  the  said  Garrison, 
who  have  not  onely  notoriously  deceived  y* 
State  by  fillinge  vp  their  musters  w*h  hired 
men^  but  alsoe  have  rather  applyed  them- 


selves   to    excessive   drioekmgtt    iTpl 
swearinge,  and  vieious  and  f iotoos  fivni|gf^ 
than  to  exercise  the  duty  of  their  planML 
And  their  eonnsells  haoe  alwaies  bean  mm 
puUiq  that  noe  designe  of  thein  have  mmf 
been  followed  w^h  good  soasssss,  bat  tbost 
p'visions  w^h  have  beene  made  lor  «iir  daleiiai 
nave  beene  alwaies  turned  to  the  advmttidipp 
of  the  enimy,  and  the  forees  aiid  armaa  (m^ 
petiallie  of  horse)  raysed  to  p'tfOt  vt»  MHr« 
beene  soe  remissly  governed,  that  y*  CBfanj 
hath  alwaies  surprised  them,  mad  bj  •;•••• 

......  been  enabled  to  mine  vi.    AuWl  yvt 

these  calamities  -  have  beene  insieahid  fay 
sundrie  most  greivous  insolenelas  '■bA  op- 
pressions acted  by  the  audioritia  of  liM'MHfl 
Garrison  both  upon  the  p'sonaaad  eaMM  UF 
divers  inhabitants  of  the  eeutri^  <■  ^ 
imprisonm**,  vnjnst  ezactiene  -of  witlmj, 
hay,  and  other  p'visions,  seasinge  of  bdntfi^ 
vnder  pretence  of  reoruithige  tbi  bon* 
forces  lost  by  neglegenee  of  the  MMvasd- 
ers,  and  other  grievances.  And  lastfy^'flw 
fitmiliaritie  and  nvoors  «r*h 
in  the  said  garrison  -doe  b^gatt  H 
suspie'on  in  your  petie'oners, 
Com'anders  and  Officers,  or  some  ef  tbMi^ 
may  finde  an  opportunity  to  deliveriba  ^HutmM 
vp  vnto  y*  enimy  w<hout  any  saeh  nniltmam 
as  might  bee  made  in  defenee  ^f  a  jphMiaea 
strongs  and  considerable. 

In  due  considerac*6n  of  the  prattbaaa 
may  it  please  this  Right  hoB^Goo^lto 
graunte  vnto  your  petic'onen  tbailSM  Jg^ 
vernB*  of  the  said  Garrison  and  ftraaa  vmf 
bee  reduced  into  some  better  Hbmw^  afi 
that  y«  said  Com'anders  and  Offioeis  m§j  hm 
removed,  and  that  other  aUeCom'anden  and 
Officers,  such  in  whom  yovr  petSc'onen  mav 
have  confidence,  may  bee  plaeed  to  eooi'aad 
and  govern,  the  said  carrisoa  and  fimesy  and 
that  a  Receive'  may  he  appointed  Ibr  y*  said 
Garrison,  who  shall  beis  tyed  to  gira  % 
moonethly  accompt  for  the  satisfiM'on  of  ihm 


countrie,  by  w^h  means  obrmpo'oa  aaay 
the  more  avoyded,  and  the  dabl*  or  "iba 
Countie  the  sooner  satisfied.  And  thai  fhnsa 
Gent,  and  others  (many  of  w^h  are  eMwp 
malignaots  or  neuters)  who  farmerly  ^nmd 
tnuned  horses,  may  bee  compelled  to  find 
horse  and  annes  for  y*  recruite  of  the  bona 
forces  of  this  Countie.  And  yo^  petb'uuaia 
in  acceptance  of  this  favome  smII  cbier* 
fully  contribute  to  y*  maintenance  of  tha 
said  Garrison  and  forces,  and  shall  alsoe 
ter  into  any  other  considerac'on  for  deAne 
of  the  said  Garrison  and  partes  a^jofadoga. 


of  the  church  a  tablet  to  the  memory  of  Wm«  A^e,  17479  Edward  Ailye^  17669  ..« 
others  of  the  family),  it  is. probable  that  the  Edward  Ady  of  1681  was  at  edbool  At 
Malmesbury,  four  miles  distant,  and  that  the  schoolmaster,  whoever  he  wast  mm  have 
placed  this  parchment  cover  on  the  book.  The  same  individual  u  in  possessioa  of  soma 
nne  specimens  of  penmanship,  written  for  '*  Edward  Adye,"  by  Wm«  Cit»web>  appa- 
rently  of  the  period  above  mentioned  (IG8I)  or  an  older  date. 
*  Probably  their  teams. 


ISM>.] 


Christmas  Drama  of  St.  George. 


505 


Mr.  UttAN, 

ISE^^D  foo  an  aceoatit  of  theChriti- 
mat  dnuna  of  "  St  George/'  as 
acted  in  Comvrall.  I  thereby  vouch 
for  the  aintientkity  of  what  I  tend 
yw.  Having  many  frieodt  and  rela- 
tions in  the  West,  at  whose  houses  I 
have  had  frequent  opportunities  of  see- 
ing the  festivities,  and  mixing  in  the 
sports,  you  msy  be  sure  that  "  Sr. 
George,  with  hn  attendants,  were 
personages  too  remarkable  not  to  at- 
tract much  of  my  attention,  and  I  have 
seen  their  adventures  represented  fre- 
quently. From  different  versions  so 
obtained,  I  am  enabled  to  state  that 
the  performance  in  different  parishes 
vary  only  in  a  slight  degree  from  each 
other. 

St.  George  and  the  other  tragic  per- 
formers are  dressed  out  somewhat  in 
the  style  of  Morris  dancers,  in  their 
shirt  Sleeves  and  while  trowsers,  much 
decorated  with  ribbons  and  handker- 
chiefs, each  carrying  a  drawn  sword  in 
his  hand,  if  they  can  be  procured, 
otherwise  a  cudael.  Th^  wear  hish 
caps  of  pasteboard,  adorned  with  beadi, 
small  pieces  of  looking-glass,  coloured 
paper,  &c. ;  several  long  pieces  of 
pith  genenlly  hang  down  from  the 
lop,  with  small  pieces  of  different  co- 
lotired  cloth  strong  on  them ;  the 
whole  has  a  very  smart  effect. 

Father  Christmas  is  personified  in  a 
grotesque  manner,  as  an  ancient  man, 
wearinff  a  large  n»ask,  a  wig,  and  a 
huge  dub,  wherewith  he  kcr|)a  the 
bystanders  in  order. 

The  Doctor,  who  is  generally  the 
Merry  Andrew  of  the  piece,  is  dressed 
in  a  very  ridiculous  manner,  with  a  wig, 
three-cornered  hat,  and  painted  face. 

The  other  comic  characters  are 
dressed  according  to  fancy. 

The  Female,  where  there  is  one,  is 
usually  in  the  dress  worn  half  a  cen- 
tury ago. 

The  Hobby  Horse,  which  is  a  cha- 
racter sometimes  introduced,  wears  a 
representation  of  a  horse's  hide. 

The  Christmas  pby,  it  appears,  was 
in  vogue  also  in  the  north  oi  England, 
as  well  as  in  Scotland.  A  corre- 
spoodeol  of  yours  has  alreadv  ^rven  an 
interesting  account  of  that  of  Scotland* 
Bf  some  the  play  is  considered  to  have 
reference  to  the  time  of  the  Crusaders, 
and  to  have  been  introduced  on  the 
return  of  the  adventurers  from  the  Holy 
Land,  as  typifying  their  battles. 
Gtirr.  Mao.  Junet  18S0. 


Before  proceeding  with  our  drama 
in  the  West,  1  have  merely  to  observe, 
that  the  old  fashion  was  to  continue 
many  of  the  Christmas  festivities  till 
Cancllemas-dsy,  and  then  *'  throw  Cards 
and  Candlesticks  away." 

Battlb  or  St.  Gaoaoi. 

One  of  the  party  steps  in,  crying 
out. 

Room,  •  room,  brave  galUatt,  room  ! 

Wiihio  this  Court 

I  do  retort. 

To  show  tooM  sport 

Aod  DMtiiDe, 
Oentlemen  aod  Ladies,  in  the  Chrittmu  time. 

After  this  note  of  preparation,  old 
Father  Christmas  capers  into  the  room, 
saying. 

Here  come  I,  old  Father  Chriatmas, 

Welcome  or  welcome  not ; 
I  hope  old  Father  Chrittmas 

Will  never  be  forgot. 
I  was  born  in  a  rocky  country,  where 
there  was  no  wood  to  make  me  a  cmdle.  I 
was  rocked  in  a  ttouring  bowl,  which  made 
me  round  sbouldeftd  tMo,  and  1  am  round 
•houMersd  sUlU 

He  then  frisks  about  the  room  until 
he  thinks  he  has  sufficiently  amused 
the  s|>ectators,  when  he  makes  his 
exit  with  this  speech : 

Who  went  to  the  orchard  to  steal  apples, 
to  make  gooseberry  pies  against  Christmas  ? 

These  prose  speeches,  you  may  sup- 
(Mse,  depend  much  upon  the  imagina- 
tion of  the  actor. 

Enter  Turkith  Kni^t. 

Here  comes  I,  a  Turkish  knight. 
Come  from  the  Turkish  land  to  fight, 
Aod  if  St.  George  do  meet  me  here, 
I'll  try  his  courage  without  faar. 

Enter  St,  George, 

Here  comes  I  St.  Oeoise, 
That  worthy  ohampioo  bold. 
And  with  my  sword  and  spear 
I  won  three  crowns  of  gotd. 
I  fought  the  Dragon  bold. 
And  brought  him  to  the  slaughter, 
Bv  that  I  gained  lair  Sabra, 
The  King  of  Egypt's  daughter. 

T\irkuk  Kmgkt. 

St.  George,  I  nray  be  not  too  boU, 
If  thy  blood  b  hot  I'll  soon  make  it  eold. 

SL  George, 

Thou  Turkish  Knight,  I  pray  forbear, 
I'll  make  thea  drsaid  my  sword  and  spaai; 

They  fight  until  the  Turkbh  Knigbl 
falls. 


Christmai  Drama.— Wreck  oftht  Aaory^ 


606 

St,  George, 
I  have  a  little  bottle  which  goes  hy  thei 
name  of  Elecampane,  [■gun. 

If  the  roan  is  alive  let  him  riee  and  fight 
The  Koight  here  rises  on  one  knee» 
and  endeavours  to  continue  the  fight, 
but  is  again  struck  down. 
Turkish  Knight. 
Oh  pardon  me,  St.  George,  Oh !  pardon  me 
I  crave,  [jS'hve. 

Oh  pardon  me  this  once,  and  1  will  be  your 
The  Knight  pets  up,  and  they  again 
fight,  till  the  Knight  receives  a  heavy 
blow,  and  then  drops  on  the  ground  as 
dead. 

St,  CrCOTge* 

It  there  a  Doctor  to  be  found. 
To  cure  a  deep  and  deadly  wound  ? 

Enter  Doctor, 
Oh !  yes,  there  is  a  Doctor  to  be  found, 
To  cure  a  deep  and  deadly  wound. 

St,  George. 

What  can  you  cure  ? 
Doctor, 
I  can  cure  the  I,tch,  the  Palsy,  and  Gout, 
If  the  Devil  is  in  him  1*11  pull  him  out. 

The  Doctor  here  performs  the  cure 
with  sundry  grimaces,  and  St.  George 
and  the  Knight  again  fight,  when  the 
latter  is  knocked  down,  and  left  for 
dead. 

Then  another  performer  enters,  and 
on  seeing  the  dead  body,  says. 

Ashes  to  ashes,  dust  to  dust, 
If  uncle  Tom  Pearce  wont  have  him,  Molly 
must. 
The  Hobby  Horse  here  capers  in, 
and  takes  off  the  body. 

Enter  Old  Squire, 

Here  comes  I,  Old  Squire, 

As  black  as  any  Friar, 

As  ragged  as  a  colt. 

To  have  fine  clothes  for  malt. 

Enter  Ruh  a  Bub,  ' 

Here  comes  I,  old  Rub,  Bub,  Bub,  Bub ; 
Upon  my  shoulders  I  carries  a  club, 
And  in  my  hand  a  frying-pan. 
So  am  not  I  a  valiant  man. 

These  characters  serve  as  a  sort  of 
burlesque  on  St.  George  and  the  other 
hero,  and  may  be  regarded  in  the  light 
of  an  anti-masque. 

Enter  the  BoxkMer, 

Here  comes  I,  great  head  and  little  wit. 
Put  your  hand  in  your  pockit, 
And  give  what  you  think  fit. 
Gentlemen  and  lAdiea  sitting  down  at  your 
ease,  [what  you  pkaee. 

Put  your  hands  in  your  pockets,  give  me 


l*«s»» 


St,  Georgfip 

Gmtlanea  and  Ladies,  ths  apart  k.  ainoiii 
endedi  [ibmmIm. 

Come  pay  to  the  box,  it  ia  hkhhr  eova-. 
The  box  it  would  qpok.  If  it  bail  \fii\  • 
tongue ;  [wrong* 

Come  throw  m  your  moQey,  waA  think  it  ooi, 
The  characters  now  ^epenllj  fioUi. 
with  a  dance,  or  sometimes  •  lODg  &p, 
two  are  introduced.  In  some  of  the. 
performances,  two  or  three  other  tragie^ 
heroes  are  brought  forward,  as  the 
King  of  Egypt  and  his  son,  &c.  {  biij^ 
they  are  all  of  them  much  in  the:iljr1e 
of  that  I  have  just  described,  v^ry^Qft 
somewhat  in  length  and  number  ot. 
characters.  W-  &♦ 

Wreck  op  the  Nbwry. 
<<  Death  u  disoem'd  triumphaatly  fai  anM, 
On  the  rough  teas  his  shmghtarr  to  kM|i.'* 

jJaAYTOir. 

Mr.  Urbav, 

THE  following  letter  was  addiMScA 
to  a  gentleman  in  Worcestenbim^ 
If  you  think  it  all  calculated  M>  interest 
the  readers  of  the  Gentlemen's  Mbgn-. 
s^ine,  it  is  much  at  your  serf  ice^   <*••*. 

My  DEAR  Sir,       ^^,^84. 

When  I  wrote  to  you,  a  few  days, 
ago,  I  told  you  that  a  distresiiii{(  case. 
of  shipwreck  had  just  occorred  inooEr 
neighbourhood.  I  had  then  na  cbn« 
qeption  of  the  real  magnitodeof  the? 
calamity,  nor  was  I  acquainted  withr 
any  of  the  circumstanoes  attending  it. 
My  means  of  gaining  informatioa  oa 
the  subject  have  sincebeen  most  ample; 
and  some  of  the  facts  which  have  eooie 
to  my  knowledge,  are  of  so  pecnliaify 
touching  a  nature,  that  I  fiod.  it  im«.- 
possible  to  satisfy  myself  without  en- 
deavouring to  record  them.  Tbejcaiir*' 
not  fail  to  awaken  the  tenderest  sym- 
pathies of  a  heart  like  yours. 

The  Ncwry,+  a  vessel  of  fire,  han«. 
dred  tons  burthen,  Csptaia  Crosby, 
set  sail  from  Newrj  in  Ireland,  at  hm 

*■  In  the  preface  of  Mr.  Davies  Qilbart's 
work  on  '<  Ancient  Chrietmaa  Carols,'*  thfere. 
is  an  account  of  Cornish  sports,  widk  a  de- 
scription of  a  **  metrical  play,"  which  imiiib 
to  be  the  same  with  that  wbleh  is  tlia  sub- 
ject of  the  preceding  letter. 

t  She  was  built  at  Quebae  ia  ISM,  aod' 
was  the  property  of  Messrs.  L^laof  Newry.. 
It  is  scaroely  pioasible  to  do  jesties  to  tba. 
libwrali^  and  kindnesa  wl^.tbs.M|nriviBf . 
passengers  have  ezperiaSMsd  from  tbsM; 
gentlemen. 


idsa] 


Nanaiwe  of  lAe  Wrtek  of  <Ae  Newrf. 


wr 


nttt  two  o*clock,  in  the  aderooon  of 
Wednetdav  in  the  Utt  week,  bcint 
boond  for  Quebec^  and  ha?ingon  board 
between  three  and  four  hundred  emi* 
grants.  These  were  not  of  the  clau 
that  is  commonly  designated  as  the 
lower  Irish :  for,  alihough  there  were 
doubtless  a  good  many  laboarcrt  among 
them,  they  appear  to  have  consisted 
principallv  of  small  farmers,  with  their 
wires  and  children,  and  domestic  ser- 
vants. About  the  middle  of  the  day 
on  Thunday,  the  wind  became  unfa- 
vourable ;  and  at  noon  on  Friday,  "  it 
blew  right  a  head,'*  when  a  tack  was 
made,  and  the  ship  changed  her  course 
to  the  south-east.  She  continued  to 
pursue  **  her  ocean  way  '*  in  that  direc- 
tion till  between  nine  and  ten  o'clock 
at  night.  There  was  then  a  thick 
haze,  and  the  Captain  entertained  not 
the  least  suspicion  that  he  was  near 
tlie  land ;  but  as  he  was  preparing  to 
put  the  vessel  about,  she  struck  sud- 
denly and  with  great  violence  upon  a 
rock  close  to  the  shore  at  Maen  Meitt, 
about  three  miles  from  Aberdaron  in 
this  county.  The  passengers  had  re- 
tired to  their  berths,  and  the  lights  be- 
low deck  bad  for  some  time  Men  ex- 
tinguished. No  sooner  was  the  Cap- 
uin  aware  of  the  danger,  than  he  or- 
dered the  batches  to  be  fastened  down. 
Appalling  as  the  measure  must  have 
been  to  those  who  were  below,  it  was 
in  reality  an  act  of  prudence  and  of 
mercy ;  the  tumult  on  the  deck  would 
otherwise  have  been  such  as  to  prevent 
the  crew  from  working  the  ship,  and 
from  adopting  any  expedients  to  avert 
the  catastrophe  that  was  at  hand. 
Within  lesa  than  twenty  minutes  it 
was  evident  that  all  attempts  to  st%'e 
the  vessel  must  be  ineffectual.  The 
hatches  were  taken  off;  the  Captain 
raised  his  voice  and  said,  *'  Let  us  all 
have  an  equal  chance  for  our  lives  ;'* 
while  one  of  the  crew  exclaimed,  "  A 
watery  tomb!  a  uratery  tomb!"  At 
these  thrilling  words,  the  passengers 
rushed  upon  deck,  not  more  than  three 
or  four  among  them  having  on  any 
other  ckMhea  than  those  in  which  they 
had  sprung  from  their  beds.  The  bott 
was  lowered  down  from  the  qoarter 
deck.  Before  it  had  well  touched  the 
surface  of  the  water,  eleven  men  Jumped 
into  it,  as  it  were,  at  once.  The  bott 
was  instantly  upset,  and  they  all  pe- 
rished. The  ocean  was  their  grave. 
Their  entreaties  for  help,  and  their 
screams  of  despair,  as  iiKj  struggled 


with  th«  ragios  billows,  m  said  to 
have  been  terrinc. 

«  Thay  liih  it  bittanMSS  to  dia 
Des«rtad,  and  their  fritods  so  aigfa." 

In  hopes  that  he  might  be  able  to 
form  a  comnionication,  or  a  gang-way, 
as  it  is  technicallv  called,  between  the 
vessel  and  the  shore,  the  Capuin  or* 
dered  first  the  miseu  mut,  and  then 
the  main  mast  to  be  cut  away,  and  to 
be  employed  for  that  purpose;  but 
owing  to  the  violence  of  the  pie,  each 
of  them  "  fell  short.''  The  imporunt 
object  was  afterwards  accomplished  by 
means  of  a  spare  boom.  One  end 
havinf  with  much  difBcult^  been 
lodpu  upon  a  rock  on  the  main  land, 
while  the  other  rested  upon  the  vessel, 
a  rope  was  carried  out  by  the  carpenter 
from  the  vessel  to  the  shore;  and  hi 
this  contrivance,  in  the  depth  of  mid- 
night, more  than  two  hundred  of  tht! 
passengers  were  eiubled  to  reach  tlie 
rocks. 

At  four  o'clock  on  Saturday  morn- 
ing, David  GritTith,  a  seaman  residing 
in  the  neighbourhood,  came  to  the 
shore,  and  was  instrumental  in  rescuing 
from  their  perilous  situation  betweea 
thirty  and  forty  of  his  fellow  creaturei, 
men,  women,  and  children,  who  on 
various  accounts  had  been  obliged  to 
remain  on  the  wreck.  The  tearless 
and  untiring  intrepidity  of  this  young 
man  is  above  all  praise. 

The  vessel  went  to  pieces  on  Sundar. 
The  whole  of  the  crew  was  laved.  Of 
the  passengers,  it  is  supposed  that  at 
least  between  sixty  and  seventy  have 
lost  their  lives  in  the  remorseless  deep. 
The  survivors,  on  leaving  the  rocks  at 
clay  break,  sought  refuge  in  the  nearest 
farm-houses  and  cottages,  where  they 
were  received  and  treated  with  almost 
unheard-of  kindness. 

On  Sunday,  about  the  middle  of  the 
day,  a  large  body  of  them  appeared  at 
Carnarvon.  They  were  then  return- 
ing to  Ireland.  As  soon  u  they  lokl 
their  melancholy  ule  to  the  Ckpoty 
Mayor  and  the  Bailifi,  those  gentle- 
men called  together  some  of  the  prin- 
cipal inhabiunts.  A  committee  was 
formed :  subscriptions  were  solicited 
without  an  boor  s  delay,  from  door  to 
door;  collections  were  made  in  the 
evening  at  St.  Mary's  chorch,  and  in 
all  the  other  places  of  worship  {  it  was 
resolved  to  appropriate  the  Guildhatl 
to  the  use  of  the  poor  suflerers,  and  1 
can  assitre  you,  without  enuring  into ' 


Narrative  of  the  Wreck  of  the  Netory. 


508 

a  minute  and  tedious  statement,  that 
through  the  whole  of  this  week  every 
expedient  which  humanity  and  bene- 
volence could  devise  for  eSectoally  re- 
lieving them,  has  been  employed. 

From  their  own  lips  I  have  heard  a 
recital  of  their  sorrows :  and  the  fol- 
lowing cases  will  give  you  a  tolerably 
distinct  as  well  as  accurate  idea  of  what 
has  occurred. 

A  woman  in  the  middle  of  life,  was 
going,  with  her  four  children,  to  her 
husband,  who  is  settled  in  Quebec. 
She  had  converted  her  little  property 
into  money,  and  wiih  a  part  of  it  had 

Eurchased  a  stock  of  clothmg  that  would 
ave  served  her  family  for  a  long  time 
in  America.  As  she  left  the  steps  of 
the  Guildhall  at  Carnarvon^  on  Mon- 
day, she  exclaimed,  "  Ah,  it  matters 
little  which  way  I  turn,  for  I  have 
neither  a  house  nor  a  friend  to  receive 
me. 

A  young  girl  who  had  listened  to 
her  sad  siory,  burst  into  tears,  and 
said,  *<  I  too  have  lost  all  that  I  value 
in  this  world.  X  had  the  care  of  my 
brother's  child,  and  was  taking  her  to 
him  in  Canada.  When  I  saw  the 
danger  we  were  in,  I  was  more  anxious 
about  her  than  about  myself.  I  had 
her  on  my  back  upon  the  boom.  A 
piece  of  timber  fell  upon  me  and  almost 
deprived  me  of  my  senses :  but  I  never 
let  the  child  go  until  I  was  within  a 
yard  of  the  shore,  when  a  wave  swept 
her  from  me.  I  screamed  after  her  in 
vain.  Oh  that  the  wave  had  washed 
me  away  too,  and  then  I  should  not 
have  been  separated  from  my  darling!*' 

A  very  respectable  looking  woman, 
who  stood  aosorbed  in  grief,  on  my 
questioning  her  as  to  the  extent  of  her 
misfortunes,  told  me  that  she  had  lost 
her  husband  and  her  only  child,  a 
young  man  in  his  nineteenth  year, 
and  tnat  she  dreaded  to  think  of  the 
days  to  come.  <<  I  am  now,"  said  she, 
*'  a  poor  wanderer  in  the  world,  and 
have  no  one  to  befriend  or  comfort 
me^ 

A  welMn formed  man,  whose  name 
is  Clarke,  and  whose  wife  is  a  singu- 
larly pleasing  woman,  was  going  with 
her  and  their  child,  a  little  girl  about 
two  year9  old,  to  settle  in  America,  as 
a  house-carpenter.  He  had  sold  his 
*'  farm'*  in  the  county  of  Monaghan 
for  an  hundred  and  ninety  sovereigns, 
and  was  carrying  out  a  large  and  va- 
luable assortment  of  tools.  He  states, 
i^at  when  the  vessel  first  struck  u[K)a 


tJ 


the  rock,  he  taid  to  hit  wife,  **  Marim! 
we  are  in  a  bad  way;  there  it  tome* 
thing  dreadful  going  to  happen.  It  m 
very  anlikeiy  that  we  can  all  thiee  be 
saved.  Do  the  bett  yon  can  for  yoar- 
telf :  I  will  Uke  care  of  the  cbild.'* 
He  accompanied  her  howerer  to  the 
deck,  and  assisted  her  to  set  upon  the 
boom.  He  paused,  and  finding  him- 
self unable  to  bear  the  separation,  com- 
mitted their  little  one  to  the  care  of 
the  mate,  who  stood  by.  Jn  a  few  mi- 
nutes he  had  the  satisfaction  of  'land- 
ins  his  wife  safely  on  the  lockt.  The 
h(3d  of  the  vessel  was  eompletclj  filled 
with  water,  but  happily  the  mate't 
berth  was  upon  deck,  and  he  pat  the 
little  girl  into  his  own  bed.  "  I  kcfpt 
my  eyes,"  said  Clarke,  at  he  related  ihe 
circumstances  to  me,  ''  for  fonr  hoori 
on  the  light  that  glimmered  from^  a 
lantern  on  the  forecastle  of  the  thip^ 
and  at  day- break  a  seaman  on  the  deck 
tied  one  end  of  a  rope  round  the  child's 
waist,  and  threw  the  other  end  to  me 
on  shore.  I  draued  her  thronghthe 
water,  and  her  life  was  preterved.  I 
never  went  near  the  spot  afterwards. 
I  willingly  resigned  my  property,  thank- 
ful to  the  Almighty  that  I  ttill  haTC 
my  wife  and  my  child." 

Mary  Ann  Watt,  an  intelligent  Ikllt 
girl,  thirteen  years  old,  lottlioth  her 
parents  in  the  wreck,  and  knew  none 
of  the  surviving  passengert,  except  a 
young  woman,  who,  like  herself,  came 
from  the  county  of  Tyrone.  She  never 
saw  her  father  after  the  Tctiel  ttrack, 
nor  can  she  give  any  tidingt  of  him. 
She  was  dragzed  through  the  water  to 
the  shore.  Her  mother,  who  wai  m 
woman  of  an  extremely  delicate  frame, 
appears  to  have  been  either  too  feeble 
or  too  timid  to  trust  herself  to  the 
boom.  About  eight  o'clock  on  Satur- 
day morning,  as  she  was  standing  npon 
the  deck,  a  large  piece  of  timber  ttmck 
her  on  her  left  sioe.  She  held  up  one 
of  her  hands,  uttered  a  faint  shriek, 
and  fell.  A  sailor  ran  to  her  assistance, 
but  life  was  extinct.  The  case  of  the 
daughter,  as  is  natural,  has  excited  aa 
extraordinary  interest.  Among  the 
tokens  of  sympathy  which  shehas  re- 
ceived, is  a  New  Tesument,  bearing 
this  inscription  on  the  inside  of  the 
cover : 

«  When  my  father  and  my  mother  forsake 
me,  then  the  Lord  will  take  mt  up."  Psalm 
xxvii.  10.  Mary  Ann  Watt,  given  to  her 
with  the  kindest  wishes.  Cannurvon,  April 
21,1 830.    « .1  will  sing  of  mercy  aodji^if^. 


183a] 


Narrative  of  iki  Wreck  of  tki  Nimgf. 


109 


meat :  ualo  Uiet>  O  Lord!  wUl  I  ting.** 
PmIid  cL  i. 

The  poor  orphan*  yoo  will  be  ^Ud 
to  hear,  hat  since  foond  a  home  in  a 
respectable  Irish  family  in  this  town. 

A  young  man,  Edward  Tollej,  from 
Ballynays,  in  the  county  of  Cavan, 
used  every  effort  to  save  nis  aged  mo- 
ther and  his  two  sisters.  They  were 
all  upon  the  boom.  His  mother  was 
washed  from  his  back.  As  she  was 
falling  she  grasped  a  rope.  The  son 
disengaged  one  of  his  hands  for  a  mo- 
ment, caught  up  the  rope,  and  seized 
it  with  his  mouth.  In  tnis  manner  he 
drew  his  mother  to  the  shore.  Alas ! 
within  less  than  four  honrs  she  died. 
The  young  man's  mouth  was  greatly 
lacerated  bv  the  rope;  and  no  sores 
were  ever  beheld  with  a  livelier  inte- 
rest. It  is  not  too  much  to  say,  that 
they  presented  even  a  beautiful  sight. 
The  man  who  can  neglect  or  forget  his 
mother— his  first,  his  constant,  his 
most  indulgent,  and  often  his  only 
friend — roust  be  a  monster  of  ingrati- 
tude t  but  history  itself  scarcely  holds 
forth  an  example  of  filial  tenderness 
that  speaks  to  the  heart  with  more 
affecting  or  more  impressive  eloquence 
than  this. 

A  remarkably  interesting  partv  made 
its  appearance  here  on  Weonesday 
ewening.  It  consisted  of  a  middle  a^ed 
man  %vnose  name  is  Browne,  his  wife, 
their  six  children,  and  two  young  men 
who  had  resided  at  a  short  distance 
from  them  in  Ireland.  The  youngest 
of  the  children  is  an  infant  at  the 
breast.  Mr.  Browne  has  been  in  Ca- 
nada, where  he  has  made  arrangements 
for  settling  his  family.  He  had  not 
lain  down  in  bed,  or  taken  off  his 
clothes,  when  the  vessel  struck  on  the 
rock.  He  was  attending  on  his  chil- 
dren, who  were  suffering  dreadfully 
from  sea-sickness.  Not  an  hour  be* 
fore,  he  had  been  walking  on  deck 
with  the  Captain,  and  had  asked  him 
whether,  "  as  the  wind  was  blowing 
fresh,*'  he  wonid  not  <*  uke  up  a  reef" 
in  the  sails  for  the  ni^ht.  The  Captain 
answered  that  he  did  not  think  it  ne- 
cessary, as  the  ship  was  in  such  excel- 
lent sailing  order.  Mr.  Browne  suc- 
ceeded in  unding  his  wifSe  and  three  of 
their  children  upon  the  rocks.  The 
two  young  men  had  assisted  him,  and 
had  themselves  reached  the  rock  in 
safety.  One  of  them  generously  vo- 
lunteered, at  the  imminent  risk  of 
his  own  life^  to  go  back  for  the  three 


children  who  wera  jpet  on  boaH.  H% 
returned  to  the  vessel,  found  the  chil- 
dren, tied  them  all  on  his  baek»  aod 
carried  them  unhurt  to  their  pareota. 
This  heroic  young  man  had  oeen  ht 
four  years  servant  to  an  Archdeacoo  in 
his  native  country.  His  master,  after 
fruitleuly  endeavouring  to  dissuade  him 
from  goins  to  America,  had  given  him 
testimonials  which  it  was  believed  would 
have  been  of  great  use  to  him.  The 
other  young  man  evinced  strong  aU 
uchment  to  Mr.  Browne.  When  asked 
what  had  detained  him  so  many  daya 
on  the  road,  he  replied,  "  the  children 
could  move  but  slowly,  and  I  kept 
with  them  to  help  them  just.** 

In  a  group  that  came  hither  oo 
Thursday,  was  an  old  man  with  hb 
daughter-in-law  and  her  two  young 
children.  He  was  nearly  the  last  in- 
dividual that  left  the  wreck.  The  bn* 
guage  in  which  he  bore  testimony  to 
tne  warm  and  generous  compassion  of 
the  Welsh  peasantry,  is  strikingly  cha* 
racteristic  of  his  country.  "  Every  one 
in  serving  us,'*  said  he,  "  wu  better 
than  another,  and  they  were  all  the 
best.*'  While  recording  his  mUfor- 
tunes,  he  deliberately  unbuttoned  hia 
coat,  and  putting  his  hand  into  bb 
waistcoat  pocket,  drew  out  a  bunch  of 
keys.  As  he  looked  on  them  the  teara 
surted  into  his  eyes,  and  he  exclaimed, 
"  There  are  the  keys  of  our  trunks,  and 
here  you  see  all  that  is  left  to  nsP 
Instantly  recovering  himself,  he  added 
with  energy,  "  But  we  have  still  our 
lives,  and  have  reason  to  blesa  God." 

In  the  same  party  wu  a  stout  athle- 
tic Toung  man  with  his  wife  and  three 
children.  He  remained  on  the  wreck 
until  seven  o'clock  on  Saturday  morn- 
ing. When  I  asked  him  why  he  waa 
not,  as  I  conceived  he  might  have  been, 
among  the  foremost  in  escaping  to  the 
rock,  he  told  me,  that  in  the  confusion 
his  children  were  separated  from  him» 
— >that  by  some  means  or  other,  tb^ 
had  been  put  in  a  part  of  the  veasel 
where  he  could  not  by  any  possibility 
get  at  them  sooner  than  he  did— hum 
that  he  and  their  mother  had  resolved 
either  to  live  or  die  with  them.  "  AU 
my  property,"  these  were  his  very 
woros,— "  all  my  property  b  ffMt$ 
but  I  care  little  for  that.  'Thefe  is  my 
wife,  and  here  are  my  children,  and  in 
them  is  my  treasure.  As  we  came 
along  the  road,*'  he  went  on  to  say, 
**  the  people  of  the  country,  and  espe- 
cially tne  woincD,  were  kind  to  us  m- 


510 


Wreck  oftht  Newrf^'^Familif  ofSkepptard. 


t*»^ 


deed.  Tbey  coald  not  understand  our 
language^  and  we  could  not  make  out 
a  single  word  of  theirs ;  but  when  they 
•aw  us  pau  their  cottages,  they  ran 
after  us  with  bread  and  butter  and 
milk  ;  and  uking  off  some  of  their 
clothes,  wrapped  them  round  the  chil- 
dren. At  the  last  place  where  we  stop- 
ped (Clynnog,  situated  on  the  bay  of 
Carnarvon,)  there  was  plenty  to  eat 
and  drink,  and  when  we  left  the  inn, 
the  Clergyman  gave  us  all  sixpence 
apiece." 

The  circumstances  of  all  the  sufferers 
that  came  hither  yesterday  (Friday) 
were  particularly  affecting.  Among 
them  were  Richard  Irvine,  late  Ser- 
geant-Major  in  the  28th  regiment,  his 
wife,  and  their  three  children.  His 
wife  is  in  a  delicate  state  of  health. 
She  was  too  much  under  the  influence 
of  terror  to  be  capable  of  quitting  the 
vessel  before  nine  o'clock  on  Saturday 
morning,  and  Irvine  remained  with 
her.  One  of  the  very  first  persons  that 
reached  the  rocks  on  Fridajr  night  was 
his  son,  a  fine  lookiog  spirited  lad,  in 
his  seventeenth  year.  With  a  little 
sister  on  his  back,  the  young  man  was 
making;  his  way  along  the  boom  ;  and 
when  he  was  about  half  over,  a  tre* 
mendous  wave  washed  him  off.  Be* 
ing  a  swimmer,  he  kept  above  water, 
and  within  less  than  a  minute,  liad  the 
joy  to  find  himself  and  his  precious 
charge  thrown  by  another  wave  upon 
the  rocks.  A  rope  was  tied  around 
his  two  younger  brothers,  and  a  sailor 
dragged  them  through  the  water  to  the 
shore.  Both  the  children  were  dread- 
fully bruised.  At  nine  o'clock  on  Sun- 
day morning  one  of  them  died.  On 
Monday  he  was  committed  to  the 
grave.  As  Irvine  told  me  his  tale  of 
woe,  the  tears  trickled  over  his  manly 
cheek.  "  I  must  not  complain,"  said 
he,  '*  I  ought  rather  to  be  thankful. 
And  yet  I  have  been  severely  tried. 
My  child  has  been  snatched  from  me. 
I  have  lost  all  my  little  property,  and 
with  it  my  Waterloo  medal.  This  I 
valued  more  than  my  money.  But  I 
shall  apply  to  the  commanding  officer ; 
and  as  I  did  not  lose  it  through  any 
neglect  or  any  fault  of  my  own,  I  hope 
he  will  use  his  interest  to  get  me  ano- 
ther. I  would  not  have  taken  a  hun- 
dred pounds  for  it.  Indeed  gold  should 
not  have  purchased  it." 

Irvine  was  accompanied  to  Carnar- 
von by  a  man  and  his  wife,  who  were 
evidently  in  the  deepest  distress.    They 


had  reached  the  rocks  withoat  tlwit 
little  daughter.  The  chiM,  not  two 
years  old,  had  slipped  from  ihcin  in 
the  confusion  on  boird  the  vetael  s  ami 
they  believed  she  was  drowned.  Whibt 
they  were  resting  themselves  at  Clyn- 
nag,  about  ten  miles  froni  CaroarvoD, 
and  twenty- five  from  Maen  MeUt^ 
some  of  their  associates  in  roiifbrtime 
overtook  them,  and  stated  that  a  child 
was  left  behind,  and  no  one  knew  to 
whom  it  belonged.  They  immediately 
returned  in  sad  suspense,  and  foand 
that  it  was  indeed  their  daughter*  Bttt 
the  hand  of  death  was  upon  her^  «iid 
she  soon  breathed  her  last.  They  wait^ 
ed  to  lay  the  little  innocent  in  thegmTe, 
and  then  once  more  directed  their  steps 
towards  Ireland. 

These,  my  dear  Sir,  are  melancholy 
notices ;  but  I  am  sure  you  will  reccg^ 
nize  in  them  some  of  the  best  fintnieft 
of  the  human  character;  and  who  will 
deny  that  their  tendency  it  to  tolicik 
and  improve  the  heart? 

I  have  transgressed  the  limiti  widi* 
in  which  I  meant  to  confine  myael^ 
and  can  only  beg  in  oooduooo  ihot 
you  will  believe  me  to  be  ever  '^ 
tionately,  Yoors,  te. 


BIOGRAPHICAL  NOITCBS 

of  ike  Family  ofSHEPPARD,  ofMeH^ 
dlesham.  Ash  by  Cdmpiey,  n^eiker^ 
ingset,  and  Thwaite^  in  Ike  CaHaiiw 

qf  Suffolk. 

(ConHnuedJinnn  p,  401.) 

WE  have  seen  that  John  Sheppnd^ 
the  first  husband  of  Lady  Pijme^ 
died  without  issue;  and  it  appeervtbait 
he  was  succeeded  in  his  estetci  by.  hit 
kinsman  John  Sheppard,  the  iod  of 
Thomas  Sheppard,  of  Wethcringset^ 
gent,  by  Bridget,  his  wife. 

This  Thomas  Sheppard,  the  father^ 
was  born  in  l675,  and  married  Brid^ 
get,  the  daughter  of  ■■"■  ^  -  ,  by 
whom  he  had  issue  two  sons  and  two 
daughters^  viz.  John,  above  mention^ 
ed,  Edmund,  Joyce,  and  Dorothy,  Who 
was  born  in  1733,  and  who,  dying  on 
the  7th  of  March,  1759,  was  buried 
with  her  mother  (who  deceaaed  on  tho 
Sd  of  FebruafT>  1748,)  in  the  nave  of 
the  church  of  Wetheringsec,  where, 
on  a  flat  stone,  is  this  inseripdoa  to 
their  memories : 

Arms,  Sheppard,  impaling  a  crow 
fleuri  between  four  fleiin  de  lis.-^ 
Sheppard  crest.  .     . 


i£sa) 


Family,  qf  Shi^ard,  ^  Suffolk, 


511 


<^H«rt  iMtcth  Um  body  of  Bridget^  Um 
Ulo  wift  of  ThonM  SbmanI,  gtnt.  who 
departod  thb  life  tbt  id  of  Fobiwy,  1748« 
and  56  YMTt.  Here  alto  ratUth  tha  body 
oiDoroCmr,  daughter  of  the  abova-iaid  Tho- 
mas and  Bridget  Sheppard*  who  departed 
thb  nib  the  7th  March,  17S9>  aged  19 
ycari. 

Reader — if  aoght  can  fix  th*  attenthre  ear» 
Or  claim  the  tribate  of  the  generooi  tear  i 
See  Uooroiiig  jooth  and  innoceoce  combia'd 
With  all  the  virtoea  of  a  Chriatiaii  mind ; 
Rcaign'd  her  will,  ftarleet  Ibreaaw  her  death, 
Nor  gaive  relactaat  vp  her  vital  breath. 
At  tivaat  wbea  dying  tone  their  mournful 

laya* 
She  dying  tung  her  grant  Cnator^t  praaee. 
If  health  and  vigoar  now  on  yon  aMend, 
With  caution  uee  that  tame  nhieh  toon  may 

end; 
Learn  hence,  ye  mortalt,  this  mott  tolemo 

truth,  [Youth." 

That  hoary  Age  mutt  dye,  e'en  to   may 

Thomas  Sheppard,  the  husband, 
died  at  Thwaite  oo  the  6th  of  Dec. 
1764,  and  was  interred  also  in  the 
nave  of  the  same  church. 

John  Skeppardf  the  son,  was  bom 
in  1730,  and  was  never  married.  He 
deceased  on  the  13th  of  Jan.  1770,  and 
was  interred  in  the  same  grave  with 
his  father  in  the  nave  of  the  church  of 
Wetheringset,  where,  on  a  flat  stone, 
is  this  inscription  to  their  memories : 

Sheppard  arms : — Crest,  a  right  arm 
embowed  grasping  an  arrow.  Motto, 
Dal  telafideliltu, 

"  To  the  memory  of  John  Sheppard,  eta. 
late  of  Camptey  Ath  in  the  coon^  of  Suf- 
folk, who  departed  this  life  Jan.  18,  1770, 
aged  40  yeart. 

**  Near  thit  place  lieth  the  remaaot  of  h'lt 
late  father  lliomat  Sheppard,  gent,  who 
died  at  Thwaite,  Dec.  6,  1754,  aged  79 
yeart." 

He  was  succeeded  in  his  estates  by 
his  kinsman,  John  Sheppard,  who  was 
born  in  1737-  He  married,  first,  — 
the  dauffhter  of  —  Whincop,  of 
Bredfield,  gent,  and  by  her  had  issue  a 
son  and  six  daughters ;  viz.  John,  of 
whom  hereafter  i  2.  Elizabeth,  born 
in  1758,  and  who,  dying  in  17^»  was 
buried  in  the  church  of  Ash  ;  3.  Mary, 
born  in  1761,  and  who,  dying  in  1793, 
was  buried  likewise  in  the  same  place; 
4.  Charlotte,  bom  in  1768 ;  she  mar- 
ried William  Woods  P^,  of  Wood- 
bridge,  esq.  by  whom  she  bad  issue 
two  daughters,  Charlotte  and  Eliza- 
beth; she  died  in  1803,  and  was  in- 
terred in  the  church  of  Clopton;  5. 
Dorothy,  born  in  1770,  and  who»  dy- 


ifu|  in  1788,  wM  bariad  iiit  Iha  chaicli 
oT Ash ;  6.  Amjf ;  aod,  7.  CbM-loiU  1 
who  both  died  inianta,  and  wci%  in* 
terred  in  the  chufeh  of  Monawdm. 
H«  married,  secondly,  Mary,  thedaogh* 
terof  John  Revett,  of  Biandetton  Hall, 
esq.  and  by  her  had  tsaue  five  tout,  aiuf 
five  danshters;   viz.  1.  Emma,  who 
married  Thomas  Blaiul,  esq.  by  whom 
she  has  had  issue  four  sons  and  two 
daughters,  viz.  William,  who  died  an 
infant ;   Emma  Sheppard  ;  William  1 
Jane ;  Thomas ;  and  Revett.    9,  So- 
phia, who  died  in  her  infancy,  and 
was  buried  at  Ash.    3.  Revcit,  who 
received  his  academical  aducatioo  aa 
Caius  College.  Cambridge,  where  ho 
proceeded  to  the  d^ree  of  A.B.  in 
1801,  and  to  that  oT A.M.  in  1804; 
he  is  at  present  Curate  of  Wrabneaa  in 
Eases,  F.L.S.  a  gentleman  well  versed 
in  various  branches  of  natural  history, 
and  the  writer  of  some  valuable  papert 
in  the  Transactions  of  the  Linnaian 
Society.    He  married  Sarah  Cobb,  by 
whom  he  has  had  issue  three  sons  and 
two  daughters,  viz.  John*Revett ;  Ed- 
mund-Frederic;    Manr- Anna- Revett ; 
Sarah-Emma;    and   Arthur* Williaai» 
who  died  an  infant.     4.  Caihcrine,^ 
who  died  an  infant,  and  was  buried  at 
Ash.    6.  Edmund;  who  diod  an  in* 
iant,  and  was  buried  at  Ash.    0.  Em- 
ma, born  in  1787,  and  who»  dying  in 
1797*  was  interred  at  Ash.    7.  Su- 
sanna, who  died  in  her  infancy,  and 
w*as  buried  at  Ash.    8.  Edmund,  a. 
Capuin  in  the  2d  Royal  Regiment  of 
Artillery.     9.  Frederic,  a  Lieutenant 
in  the  4th,  or  Kins*s  Own  Regiment 
of  Fool,  an  officer  olno  mean  promise^ 
and  who,  during  the  short  but  event- 
ful period  of  his  service,  ran  a  brilliant, 
nay,  almost  an  uneEamplcd  cateaf  of 
miliury  slory.     He    died    in    conse- 
qnenee  of  a  wound   received  at  the 
memorable  siege  of  Badajoa,  and  to 
his  memory  a  neat  moral  monument 
has  been  erected  on  the  south  side  of 
the  nave  of  the  church  of  Ash,  witk 
the  folbwing  appropriate  inscription  s 

«  Sacred  to  tha  oMmory  of  FMciic  Shap- 
pard,  Lieatanaat  ia  the  4th  ar  Kiag's  Own 
Regimtot  of  Foot,  aod  6th  son  of  John 
Sheppard  of  Caamey  Ash  ia  the  eovoty  dt 
Suffolk,  UM).  His  caiaar  «aa  short  bat  gla- 
rtoaa.    Ia  1806  he  eaiared  faita  the  aiaiy* 


as  prsstat  the  Iblloviag  year  at 

„.  aad  eaplara  ofCnpssdiaMat     Heaf* 

terwarda  sailed  vtth  Sit  Joha  Mooia  10  Oar* 
teoburgh,  aad  froas  theaeaia  iVm^ :  ha 
travatsad  thai  kiagdoaa  aad  Spataaa  fisr  as 


5U 


Family  of  Sheppard,  of  Suffolk. 


[Juhei 


Saltmancft;  endared  the  hardships  of  the 
retreat  with  the  greatest  fortitude/  and  car- 
ried the  King's  colours  at  the  memorahle 
battle  of  Corunna.  He  went  upon  the  ex- 
pedition to  Zealand,  where  he  beheld  the 
fidl  of  Flushing ;  was  in  garrison  at  Gibral- 
tar, and  thence  removed  to  Ceuta,  where, 
anaious  to  distinguish  himself  In  the  field  of 
honour,  he  hastened  to  join  the  army  serv- 
ing under  Lord  Wellington  before  Badajoz, 
in  storming  which  fortress  April  6,  1812, 
he  received  a  musquet  ball  through  his 
thigh,  of  which  wound,  to  the  universal  re- 
gret of  the  regiment,  he  died  six  days  after, 
in  the  22d  year  of  his  age ;  and  hb  remains 
were  honourably  interred  on  the  ramparts, 
where  he  so  gloriously  fell. 

What  tho'  thy  bones^  lamented  Frederic,  lie 
Beneath  the  aspect  of  a  foreign  sky, 
'Mid  Badajoz'  ramparts  with  no  stone  to  tell. 
Or  mark  the  spot  where  youthful  valour  fell ! 
Yet  to  high  Heav'n  our  thanks  we  still  re- 
turn. 
For  shelter  nobler  than  the  sculptured  urn." 

The  idea,  expressed  in  this  modest 
bat  highly  appropriate  inscription,  has 
been  tnus  enlarged : 

''What  though  thy  bones,  lamented  Fre- 
deric, lie 
Beneath  the  aspect  of  a  foreign  sky ; 
Far  from  thy  once-lov'd  home,  thy  native 

coast,  [most ; 

And  distant  far  firom  those  who  lov*d  thee 
'Midst  Badajoz'  ramparts,  with  no  stone  to 

tell. 
Or  mark  the  spot  where  early  valour  fell. 
Yet,  gallant  youth,  the  soldier's  unmark'd 

grave,  [brave. 

Where  rest  the  mouldering  ashes  of  the 
The  patriot  bosom  would  far  nobler  own 
Than  brass  or  trophied  urn,  or  sculptur'd 

stone; 
Would  court,  if  doom'd  to  fall  by  Heaven's 

decree,  [victory ! 

That  h.te  which  fixed  thy  fall  mid  shouts  of 

Cheer'd  with  these  thoughts — let  us  bo 

more  repine,  [thine ; 

But  pride  the   glorious  shelter  which  is 
In  resignation  kiss  the  chastening  rod. 
And  bow  submissive  to  the  will  of  God." 

10.  John,  born  in  1793,  who,  dy- 
ing in  1805,  was  buried  in  the  church 
of  Ash. 

Mr.  Sheppard  served  the  office  of 
High  Sheriff  for  the  county  in  1779 ; 
and  dying  at  his  seat  at  Ash  on  the 
17th  of  June,  1793,  was  interred  in 
the  chancel  of  that  church. 

He  was  succeeded  by  the  only  son 
of  his  first  marriage,  John  Sheppard, 
esq.  This  gentleman  was  born  in 
1707,  and  received  his  academical  edu- 
cation at  Clare  Hall,  Cambridge,  where 
he  pioceeded  to  the  degree  of  A.B.  in 


1788.  In  1798  he  serred  the  office 
of  High  Sheriff  for  the  county.  He 
marri^  Laetitia,  the  daughter  01  Henry 
Wilson,  of  Didlington*^  in  Norfolk. 
He  was  in  the  commiuion  of  the 
peace  for,  and  a  deputy  UenteBant 
of  the  county ;  and  departing  this  life 
at  his  seat,  the  High  House,  on  the  3l8t 
of  Jan.  1824,  in  the  57th  year  of  his 
age,  was  interred  with  his  ancestors  in 
the  chancel  of  the  church  of  Ash.  The 
loss  of  this  worthy  man  will  be  long 
felt  and  deeply  regretted  by  his  rela- 
tives, to  whom  he  was  most  sincerely 
and  affectionately  attached ;  by  a  large 
circle  of  friends  and  acquaintance,  to 
whom  the  urbanity  of  his  manners  had 
justly  endeared  him ;  by  his  tenantry, 
as  a  kind  and  considerate  landlord ;  by 
his  servants,  as  an  indulgent  master ; 
and  by  the  poor,  as  a  most  liberal  and 
judicious  benefactor. 

He  was  succeeded  in  his  estates  by 
his  only  child  the  late  John  Wihim 
Sheppard,  who  was  educated  at  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  where  he  pro* 
ceeded  to  the  degree  of  A.B.  in  1888; 
and  in  1823  married  Harriot,  the 
daughter  o^  Colonel  Crump«  of  Allez- 
ton,  in  the  county  of  Leicester. 

In  that  scarce  12mo  tract,  the  "  No- 
mina quorundam  h  Primariis  olim  Re- 
giae  Grammaticalis  Scholse  Buris  S'ti 
Edmundi,  inter  Icenos  celeberrimae, 
Carminibus  illustrata  :  Edita  k  Joan. 
Randall,  A.M. Coll.  Christi,  Buriensis 
nuper  Scholae  Magistro:  Lond.  1719:'' 
are  the  following  lines  relating  to  one 
of  this  family: 

«  Defuncto  genitore  oritur  Shiphasdus,  et 
alter 
Aureus  h  simili  stemmste  Ramiii  adest ; 
O !  utinam  propriis  junzisiem  ficdera  (nim- 
quam 
Servat  amicitias  non  Javtnilli  amor) 
Profttit  et  mnltis  cultnra  potentii  amiei ; 
Ah !  nocuit  magnis  non  plscaliit  vUii." 

A  branch  of  this  family  was  early 
seated  at  Wetheringset. 

John  Sheppard  was  bom  in  161I, 
and  was  most  probably  the  son  of 
John  and  Elizabeth  Sheppard  of  Men- 
dlesham.  He  was  presented  to  the 
rectory  of  Wetheringset^  and  married 
Susan,  the  daughter  of  ,  by 

whom  he  appears  to  hare  had  issue 
two  sons  and  a  daughter,  ▼!>•  Soian» 
who  was  baptised  Jan.  18,  1645;  Da- 
niel, baptised  April  87,  l647i  and 
John,  wno  was  baptised  Jan.  S4, 1 649. 

Mr.  Sheppard  deceased  Oct.  87th, 
1689,  and  was  interred,  together  with 


183a] 


Famiiff  ofSheppard,  of  Suffolk. 


hit  wife  (who  died  the  2d  October),  in 
the  chancel  of  that  church,  where,  on 
a  flat  stone,  it  thit  inscription  to  their 
memoriet : 

Slicppard  arms : — Crest,  a  right  arm 
embowed,  grasping  an  arrow.  Motto, 
Dat  Ulafdeliias. 

**  Meinorie  Mcrum  Johatini  Sheppard, 
Clerico,  A.M.  viro  apprim^  ducto,  pi(»,  pru- 
deoti,  et  fideli,  luii  charo,  dieDis  amicu, 
nulUt  ingrato,  eccletia  AoglicaiMe  et  ge- 
nuiDO  Principi  coDtttoter  firroo ;  morulet 
exuviat  libcDter  de|ioDenti,  sexto  caleodaruni 
Nu%eml>ftt,  aoDo  atatis  septuai;eiio  octavo, 
•alutis  MfKTLZZXix.  NecDoo  SuiaonK  ux- 
ori,  marito  vtri  coojugi,  liberis  iodulgeoti, 
servia  fiMrili,  proximis  affabili,  (brevi)  mentis 
iotegr^  ChriitiaiUB ;  sexto  noo*.  Oa*.  aDOo 
seutis  septuagesiroo,  sera  sopradictae,  spa 
iminortalitateiii  iodueodi  suffultae»  placid^ 
obdonnieoti,  filiiis  Johannes  ShepparJ  pi% 
posuit.  Ne  invideant  poster!  cinarum  quie- 
taoi/' 

John,  his  second  son,  was  in  holy 
orders  ;  and  dying  in  1/07,  was  hurieii 
under  a  table  monument  in  the  north 
aisle  of  the  above  church,  with  this 
inscription : 

The  same  arms  and  crest : 

**  DtpoMtum  Johaanis  Sbappard  cleiici 
tegit  hoc  marmor,  ejiuqua  nomine  vota  tua 
rogat,  Christiane  Lector,  ut  in  dia  Dooiini 
inveniat  misericordiam.  Hincce  migravit 
•n.aetatis  suae  57»«raeCliristiao8e  mdccvii." 

The  following  are  extracts  from  the 
Registers  of  the  parish  of  VVeihering- 
tet: 
|604.  Edward  Sheppard   wat    buried 

12th  July. 

1613.  Anne,  the  daughter  of  Samuell 
Sheparde,  wat  bap.  September. 

1614.  Robert,  tonne  of  Robert  Shep- 
ard,  was  bap.  23  Oct. 

1643.  The  widow  Shepard  was  buried 

26  Oct. 

1645.  Susan,  daughter  of  John  Shep- 
ard, darke,  and  Susan  his  wife,  was 
bap.  12  Jan. 

1647.  Danicll,  son  of  John  Shepard, 
clarke,  and  Susan  bis  wife,  was  bap. 

27  April. 

1648.  Mary,  wife  of  Robert  Shepard, 
was  bur.  31  Oct. 

1648.  Robert,  t<in  of  Robert  and  Mary 
Shepard,  was  bap.  23  Nor. 

1649.  John,  son  of  John  Shepard, 
cUtke,  and  Susan  hit  wife, wat  bap. 
24  Jan. 

1650.  Elizabeth,  dau.  of  Elizabeth 
«nd  Samuell  Sbcepard^  wat  bap. 
6  April. 

Oeht.  Mao.  Junt^  1830. 


513 

1651.  John,  ton  of  Samtiell  and  Eli- 
zabeth Sheepard,  wu  bap.  Dee.  4. 

1668.  Anne,  dau.  of  Edmund  and 
Anne  Sheppard,  was  bap.  Dec.  5. 

1671.  John,  son  of  Robert  and  Eliz. 
Sheppard,  was  bap.  Dec.  12. 

1673.  Dorothy,  dau.  of  Edmund  Shep- 
pard, gent,  and  Anne  hit  wife,  wat 
bap.  Nov.  9. 

1673.  Thomas,  son  of  Edmund  and 
Anne  Sheppard,  gent,  wat  bap. 
Oct.  13. 

1724.  Edmund,  ton  of  Thomat  and 
Bridget  Sheppard,  was  bap.  Sept.  24. 

1725.  Marv,  dau.  of  John  and  Mary 
Sheppard,  wat  bap.  Oct.  21. 

1726.  Gregory,  son  of  John  and  Mary 
Sheppard,  was  bap.  Mar.  I9. 

1729.  Robert,  son  of  John  and  Mary 
Shepoard,  was  bap.  Mar.  12. 

1734.  Grey,  son  ol  John  and  Mary 
Sheppard,  was  bap.  29  Sep. 

1606.  John  ■  anU   Marie  Shep- 

heard  were  married  June  14* 

16(>6.  William  Cole  and  Heather  Shep. 
heard  were  married  Sep.  1. 

1657.  Benjamin  Sheperd  and  Elisa- 
beth Birch  were  married  Nov.  24. 

Extract  from  the  Regitter  of  the  p«- 
rish  ofThwaite:— 

1724.  Joyce,  the  dau.  of  Thomat  and 
Bridget  Sheppard,  wat  christened 
Dec.  3. 

Ash  High  Housb  wat  erected  by 
William  Gluver,  et<|.  1  retainer  of 
Thomas  Howard,  Larl  of  Suflblk, 
about  the  year  IfkX),  and  obtained  itt 
present  appellation  from  the  circum- 
stance of  iis  being  four  stories  in  height. 
It  was  altered  and  considerably  en- 
larged by  John  Sheppard,  esq.  about 
the  commencement  of  the  last  cen- 
tury. The  chimniet  are  curiou&ly  or- 
namented. The  groundt  are  ex  ten- 
tivr,  and  retain  much  of  their  original 
featuret :  the  high  box  hedget,  tUtcly 
yews,  and  venerable  oaks,  being  care- 
fully preserved.  They  of  coarse  exhi- 
bit a  good  specimen  of  the  formal  sivie 
of  gardening  which  characterised  tnat 
period ;  and  form  a  tingular,  and  in- 
deed a  striking  contrast  to  the  present 
improved  and  more  natural  mode  of 
disposing  and  embcUishitift  ihe  parterre 
and  pleasure  ground.  The  park  coo* 
taint  tome  6nc  tlinbcr,  which  fom 
teveral  beaotiful  avenuet  of  contidcfw 
able  length  and  height :  and  almost  im- 
perfiout  to  the  rays  of  the  Sun  froiB 


Exiracii  from  Old  Gazettes. 


514 

the  thickness  of  its  foliage,  is  a  majes- 
tic cork-tree. 

A  view  of  this  house  is  eiven  in  the 
«  Excursions  in  Suffolk/'  Lond.  I8I9, 

vol.  ii. 

I  have  in  nw '<  Collections  for  the 
County  of  Suflolk,"  an  engraving  of 
"  Lightfoot,  a  fine  breeding  mare,  the 
properly  of  Mr.  Shepard  of  Campsey 
Ash  in  Suffolk. 

The  arms  which  are  at  present  borne 
by  the  family  differ  somewhat  from 
those  given  by  Hawes,  in  his  MS. 
"  History  or  Memoirs  of  Framling- 
ham  anci  Loes  Hundred,  in  the  County 
of  Suffolk."  He  describes  them  as 
Sable,  a  fess  Or  between  three  ulbots 
passant  Argent,  wounded  in  their  heads 
with  an  arrow  Jeathered  and  armed  of 
the  second'  J.  F. 

Mr.  Urban,         April  20,  1830. 

AS  you  have,  in  a  former  Number, 
inserted  some  extracts  from  old 
Gazettes  at  my  desire,  perhaps  the  fol- 
lowing eleanmgs  may  prove  equally 
acceptable. 

Prior  the  Poet's  Uncle.  —  June  4, 
1688.  Whereaa  there  has  been  a  fiilse 
and  scandalous  report,  that  Samuel  Prior, 
vintner,  at  the  Rummer,  near  Charing 
Cross,  was  accused  of  exchanging  mony  for 
his  own  advantage  with  such  as  clip  and 
deface  his  Majesty's  coyn,  and  that  Prior 
had  given  bail  to  answer  the  same  :  this 
report  being  in  every  part  fiJse,  if  any  per- 
son shall  give  notice  to  the  said  Mr.  Prior, 
who  have  been  or  are  the  fomentors  or  dis- 
persers  of  this  malicious  report,  so  as  a 
legal  prosecution  may  be  made  against  them, 
or  any  of  them,  he  will  forthwith  give  10 
guineas  as  a  reward. 

July  9.  An  advertisement  concerning 
Samuel  Becket,  mezzotinto-engraver,  lately 
dead.  (See  Walpole's  Catalogue.)  His 
widow  carried  on  his  business  at  the  Golden 
Head  in  the  Old  Bailey,  *'  where  all  per- 
sons may  be  furnished  with  the  newest  and 
best  sorts  of  mezzotinto  prints,  likewise  all 
other  things  appertaining  to  the  printing 
tbem  on  glass.' 

Oct,  8.  Lost  the  first  instant*  from  Ed- 
ward Mansel,  of  Cosgrave,  in  the  county  of 
Northampton,  a  grey  gelding,  about  13 
hands,  6  years  old,  a  sprigtail,  an  £  dipt 
on  his  near  buttock,  and  branded  on  his 
fore  shoulder.  Whoever  gives  notice  of 
him  to  Mr.  Edward  Mansel,  aforesaid,  or  to 
Mr.  John  Mansel,  grocer,  at  the  White 
Lyon,  in  Wood-street,  shall  have  twenty 
shillings  reward. 

F>b.  88,  (O.  S.)  P.  Vandeibank,  the 
engraver,  lived  in  Prince's-ttreet,  Leicester- 
fields. 


[Jime, 


Oct,  96,  1691.  Colonel  Panon't  Chro- 
nological Tables  advertised. 

Dec,  28.  Excellent  new  Cardsy  contain- 
ing on  the  4  suits,  morals,  precepts*  fiuiciety 
tales,  with  figures  curiously  engraven,  and 
pips  like  the  other  cards.  Pack  1 ,  pubUthed 
for  the  year  1 699.  Price  1«.  Sold  by  Mr. 
Morden,  in  Comhil,  Mr.  Nott,  in  the  Pall- 
Mall,  and  by  roost  stationers  and  eardiellers. 
Retailers  and  country  chapmen  are  supplied 
by  Mr.  Warner,  in  Newgate-street,  near 
Fetter-lane,  London. 

Dec,  17,  1694.  Advertisement  of  two 
sermons,  preached  at  Northampton,  by 
John  Mansell,  LL.B.  rector  of  Furthoe. 

Feb.  1 1.  Whereas  a  bond  of  \800L  doe 
from  the  late  Alderman  Backwell  to  Dr. 
Peter  Barwick,  which  was  in  the  custody  of 
Mr.  George  Barwick,  of  the  Inner-Temple, 
lately decMsed,  cannot  be  found;  whoever 
brings  it  to  the  said  Doctor,  at  hit  house 
near  the  Abbey  in  Westminster,  shall  hare 
ten  guineas. 

The  Duke  of  Monmouth.  — -  Sepi, 
18,  1697.  On  the  90th  instant  will  be 
exposed  to  sale  at  Tuddington  manor,  ia 
Bedfordshire,  the  household  goods  of  the 
Right  Honourable  the  Lady  (Harriet)  Went- 
worth,  as  tapestry,  haneins,  velvet  beds, 
damask,  mohair,  and  other  silk  and  stuff 
beds  and  bedding,  cluurs,  couches,  right 
India  and  other  cabinets,  tables,  stands, 
looking-glasses,  china  ware,  linaen,  &c.  The 
sale  to  continue  till  all  is  sold. 

In  this  house,  it  is  well  known,  the 
Duke  of  Mon month  resided  with  Lady 
Harriet  Wentworth. 

Nov,  18.  The  anniversary  feast  of  the 
Society  of  Gentlemen  Lovers  of  Music,  wiU 
be  kept  at  Stationers'-hall,  on  Monday,  the 
99d  insUnt,  being  St.  Cecilia's  day.  Tickets 
are  to  be  delivered  at  Mr.  Rich.  Glover's,  Dt 
the  Castle  Tavern,  in  Fleet-street* 

Dec,  93.  On  the  22d,  «  An  humble 
address  of  the  Deputy  Lieutenants,  Jostioes 
of  the  Peace,  and  gentlemen  of  the  couatjf 
of  Glamorgan,  was  presented  to  huMijesty, 
by  Bushy  Mansell  and  Thomas  Mantell, 
esquires,  their  representatives  in  Parlia- 
ment." 

Sir   William    Temple.  June    8, 

1699.  Mr.  Jac.  Tonson,  by  direction 
of  the  Rev.  Mr.  Jonathan  Swift  (to 
whom  Sir  W.  Temple  left  the  care  of 
his  writings),  gives  notice,  that  with  all 
convenient  speed  will  be  published  bj  the 
said  Mr.  Swift,  a  collection  of  letters  from 
the  year  1665  to  1673,  written  by  Sir  Wil- 
liam Temple,  Baronet,  containing  a  com- 
pleat  History  of  those  times,  both  at  home 
and  abroad ;  which  letters  were  all  reviewed 
by  the  author  some  time  before  his  death, 
and  digested  into  method  by  bis  order. 

Nov,  6,  Mrs.  Frances  Pnrcell,  widow  of 
the  celebrated  musician,  lived  in  GrMt 
Dean's  Yard,  Westminster. 


Query^did  the  keep  a  boardiDg-hoiise 
there? 

Nov,  5,  170t.  There  will  be  pabfithed 
on  Thundajaext  (Nor.  It.)  the  TenI  of 
Dariiu  espkioed,  or,  the  Qaeeni  of  PeiBie 
at  the  feet  of  Alexaiider.  TreiMlated  from 
the  Frenoh  of  Mr.  Felibieii.  By  Colonel 
PenoMf  with  the  ttamp  thereof,  iui- 
greved  be  Mr.  Oribelin.  FoUo.  Prioted 
in  French  aod  EoclUh,  for  the  author,  in 
the  Old  Palace,  WestmiDter.  On  April 
39,  ditto  bound,  price  ten  thillinp. 

WuTMiNtTBM  Grammar.  —  March 
99,  1703.  Grammatica  Busbeiaoa  Auctior 
et  Emendatior^  t.  e.  Rudimentom  Gram- 
matics Graco-LatittK  Metricuro.  In  usum 
nobilium  poeromm  in  tchola  regie  Watt- 
monasterU.  Rudimentom  Orammaticae  La- 
tinse  Metricum  in  tuum  nobilium  puerorum 
in  tchob  regie  Wettmonasterii.  Sold  by 
T.  Bonnet  at  the  Half-moon,  in  St.  Paol'a 
Church-yard. 

OcL  18.  An  advertisement  ttatlng  that 
Mra.  Katharine  Thompson,  daughter  of 
Lord  Haversham,  had  eloped  from  her  fkr 
ther's  houiCf  in  Surrey.     Repeated  Nov.  4. 

What  ia  known  of  this  circumstance  ? 

June  11 , 1 704.  A  Mr.  Oliver  Cromwell, 
in  Brewhoose-yard,  Strand,  aged  98  years, 
blind  of  both  eyes,  is  said  to  have  been  cured 
by  Dr.  Read,  the  oculist.  May  18.  (It 
seems  a  qoack's  pniF.) 

March  7,  1 706.  The  management  of  the 
Tongue  under  the  following  h^ds  :  of  con- 
versation, the  babbler,  the  silent  man,  the 
witty  man,  the  droll,  the  jester,  &c.  done 
out  of  French.  Printed  for  H.  Rhodes,  at 
the  Star,  at  the  cttmer  of  Bride-lane,  in 
Fleet-street9  price  Ss,  6d, 

Di  For. Avff.  8,  1 706.  The  Com- 
missioners, in  a  renewed  commission  of 
bankruptcy  against  Daniel  Foe,  late  of  Lon- 
don, merchant,  give  notice,  that  he  hath 
surrendered  himself  to  the  said  Commis- 
sioners, and  been  thrice  examined,  and 
that  he  will  attend  again  on  Thursday,  the 
39d  instant,  at  4  in  the  afternoon,  at  the 
chamber  of  Mr.  Robert  Davis,  in  Essex- 
court,  in  the  Middle-Temple,  in  order  to 
finish  his  examination ;  when  and  where  his 
creditors  may  attend  to  shew  oanse  why  a 
certificate  should  not  be  signed  pursuant  to 
the  late  act  of  parliament. 

Dee.  19.  Start's  Coaunoo  Prayer  Book 
advertised,  price  Ss, 

Jan.  18.  A  Dilenee  of  PhtySy  &c.  by 
Edward  Filmer,  D.  C.  L.  Printed  for  Ton- 
son.     In  answer  to  Collier. 

Jprilp  81.  1707.  A  collection  of  near 
800  sorts  of  Sermons,  m  quarto,  bv  Dr. 
Sharp,  Lord  Archbishop  of  York,  Bishop 
Beverm,  Bishop  Hooper,  Bishop  Hickih' 
man,  Utin  Lamb,  Dean  Young,  Dr.  Isham, 
Dr.  Hicks,  Dr.  Calamy,  and  several  other 
eminent  divines  of  the  church  of  England. 


To  piek  at  8d  a  pieee>  or  u.  6d.  per  doxen. 
at  Walter  Kettilby's^  al  the  Biahop'a  Head, 
St.  Paul's  Chureh-yard. 

OcL  la.  Gasper  Bouttata  engraved  a  sei 
of  plates  for  Guzman  d'Alfiuache,  pid>lished 
this  day. 

Nov.  10.  S.  Gribelin  drew  and  engraved 
seven  cartoons  of  Raphael.  Sold  by  Cha. 
Mailier.  (S.  O.  lived  at  the  eomer-house 
of  Banbury- court,  Loo^  Acre.)     Price  IM. 

Jan.  18.  A  practical  treatise  of  the 
regulation  of  the  Pauions,  vix.  of  love, 
hatred,  anger,  bone,  fear,  joy,  sorrow.  By 
Francis  Bragge,  B.D.  vicar  of  Hitchin  and 
prebendary  of  Lincoln.  Printed  for  John 
VVyat,  at  the  Rose,  in  St.  Paul's  Church- 
yard. 

Rowr's    Suaksprarb.  —  AforcA   17» 

1708.  Whereas  a  venr  neat  and  correct 
edition  of  Mr.  WUliam  Shakespear's  Works, 
in  six  volumes  in  octavo^  adorned  with 
cuts,  is  now  so  near  finished  as  to  be 
published  in  a  month;  to  which  b  de- 
sisned  to  be  prefixed  an  account  of  the 
life  and  writings  of  the  said  author,  as  far  as 
can  be  collected.  If,  therefore,  any  gentle- 
men who  have  materials  by  them  that  may 
be  serviceable  to  this  design,  will  be  pleased 
to  transmit  them  to  Jacob  Tonson,  at  Gray'a 
Ian  Gate,  it  will  be  a  particular  advantage 
to  the  work,  and  acknowledged  as  a  fiivour 
by  the  gentleman  who  hath  toe  care  of  this 
edition. 

Sir    Hrnry   Sprlman.  — —  Dat.  18, 

1709.  Two  hundred  and  four  very  an- 
cient manuscripts  of  that  learned  anti- 
quary. Sir  H.  S.  (author  of  the  Coun- 
cils and  Gloisary,)  most  of  vellum,  and 
curiously  embellished,  wiU  begin  to  be  sold 
1^  auction  on  the  80tli  instant,  at  the 
Temple-Change  Coffee-house,  against  St. 
Dunstan's  Church,  in  Fleet-street,  by  E. 
Curll,  bokseller.  Sold  for  J .  Harding,  at  the 
Post  Office,  on  the  pavement  in  St.  Martin's- 
lane;  where  they  may  be  viewed  any  tiaae 
before  the  sale. 

Feb.  83.  Propoaals  for  Joshua  Barnes's 
Homer. 

Dec,  31,  1710.  Just  published.  Love 
Cards  curiously  engraven  on  copper,  with 
figures,  and  verses  representing  every  figure 
to  the  lifey  as  well  serious  as  comical ;  the 
design  being  altogether  new  and  extraordi- 
nary. Proverbial  cards,  arithmetical  cards, 
mathematical  cards,  aod  geographical  cards, 
all  finely  engraven  on  eopper,  with  curious 
figures.  Price  U.  6d.  eadi  pack.  All  soU 
by  John  Lenthall,  stationer,  at  the  Talbot, 
next  the  Mitre  tavern,  against  St.  Dunstan's 
church,  in  Fleet-street. 

Sir  Thomas  Brown.  —  Dec  26. 
A  Catalogue  of  the  Libraries  of  the 
learned  Sir  Thomas  Brown,  and  his  soa 
Dr.  Brown,  deceased,  consisting  of  Ruay 
very  valuable  and  uncommon  botdu  in  Bsoet 
fiKmlties  and  languages,  with  ehoioe  manu- 
scripts, which   will   begin   to   be  sold  by 


516  Extracts  from  Old  Gazettes. — Parliamentary  Reform.      [June* 


auction,  at  the  Black  Boy  Coffee- hovue,  m 
Ave-Mary-lane,  near  Lodgate,  on  Monday, 
the  8th  of  January  next,  beginning  every 
Monday  at  4  o'clock,  till  the  tale  is  ended. 
Catalogues  are  delivered  at  most  booksellers 
in  London,  at  the  two  Universities,  and  at 
the  place  of  sale ;  price  6d. 

March  10.  Just  published  for  the  month 
of  March,  Delights  fur  the  Ingenious,  or  a 
Mouthly  Eoteruiument  for  the  Curious ; 
containing  a  great  many  delightful  particu- 
lars, both  in  prose  and  verse ;  to  be  con- 
tinued monthly.  Price  3d.  To  satisfie  all 
gentlemen  and  ladies  whether  their  clocks 
and  watc!  es  be  good  or  not,  here  is  set 
down  for  every  day  how  many  minutes  and 
seconds  they  should  go  faster  or  slower  than 
the  sun  ;  and  also  the  reason  why  from 
noon  to  noon  is  not  exactly  24  hours,  but 
sometimes  more  and  sometimes  less.  To 
rectifie  the  mistake  i>f  such  who  are  always 
altering  their  watches,  to  go  equal  with  the 
sun,  when  in  reality,  if  they  go  true,  they 
should  move  faster  or  slower  than  the  sun, 
according  as  is  there  set  down.  Sold  by 
Mr.  Jos.  Collier,  at  Stationer's-hall. 

Nov.  3,  1711.  Proposals  for  Walkei's 
Sufferings  of  the  Clergy. 

Marched,  1712.  William  Shakespear, 
of  Coventry,  banknipt. 

Oct.  13,  1713.  The  perpetual  motion  is 
lately  invented  and  wrought  by  N.  Daniel, 
of  Sutton-Benger,  near  the  borough  of 
Chippenham, Wilts ;  so  that  by  the  same  rule 
and  proportion  (this  being  made  in  little  for 
experiment  only),  it  is  demonstrable  that 
the  same  may  be  made  to  supply  a  much 
greater  strength  than  is  necessary  to  drive 
any  sort  of  handmills,  with  the  charge  of 
about  50s.,  easily  portable,  and  very  durable. 
The  author  hath  published  this  to  the  end 
to  be  informed  what  encouragement  he  shall 
have  for  the  discovery  and  making  public  so 
rare  and  artful  a  device,  which  he  foresees 
will  admit  of  very  great  improvements. 

Nov.  28.  Tompion,  the  celebrated 
watchmaker,  died  Nov.  20.  William  Web- 
ster advertises  as  having  been  bis  apprentice, 
and  being  **  fully  acquainted  with  his  se- 
crets in  the  said  art."  At  the  Dial  and  S 
Crowns,  Exchange-alley,  Cornhill. 

Yours,  &c.  Cydweli. 

Mr.  Urban,     Summerlands,  Exeter, 

June  5. 

IN  former  Numbers  of  your  old  and 
useful  Magazine,  you  inserted  some 
very  moderate  and  temperate  plans  of 
what  all  see  and  feel  to  be  necessary 
in  reforming  the  representation  of  the 
people  in  the  House  of  Commons. 
Originally  Boroughs  were  privileged  to 
send  meuibers  to  Parliament,  either  on 
account  of  services  rendered,  or  to 
strengthen    the  royal   authority.      In 


process  of  time,  by  a  corroption  inci- 
dent to  human  nature,  individuals  have, 
become  possessed  of  the  most  of  them  ; 
and  contrary  to  law,  as  often  publicly 
declared,  these  send  in  meinbers  with 

ftarticular  views ;  or  sell  a  scat  in  Par- 
iamcnt  at  a  price  proponioned  tocon« 
ventional  conditions.  When  a  better 
state  of  things  is  required  in  lieo  of  this 
violation  of  civil  rights,  the  invariable 
answer  is,  that  *'  the  present  system 
works  well,**  as  it  certainly  does  in 
eflfecting  the  purposes  of  these  owners 
of  Boroughs. 

At  recent  meetings,  termed  political 
unions,  these  interesting  subjects  have 
been  discussed  with  equal  temper  and 
moderation  ;  and  they  are  so  far  iwefol 
as  to  have  scouted  and  put  down  the 
frantic  doctrines  of  Annual  Parliaments 
and  Universal  Suffrage,  to  admirably 
calculated  to  keep  the»body  of  the 
ptople  during  a  quarter  of  each  yen  in 
a  stale  of  excitement  and  diuipation 
highly  injurious  to  the  nation. 

From  late  proceedings  it  appears  evi- 
dent that  the  time  is  not  yet  arrived  for 
introducing  a  salutary  and  efficient  re- 
form, certainly,  however,  now  more 
attended  to  than  at  any  former  period. 
The  raising  of  the  elective  franchise, 
the  granting  of  a  vote  to  householders 
and  copyholders,  and  the  alteration  of 
the  period  of  seven  to  6ve  years,  will, 
it  would  seem,  precede  the  more  essen- 
tial reform  of  the  Boroughs  in  generaF. 
It  is,  however,  thought,  even  by  the 
opponents  of  complete  reform,  that 
some  of  the  close  Boroughs,  known  to 
be  rotten  to  the  very  core,  .ought  im- 
mediately to  be  converted  into  »  more 
salutary  shape.  There  are  twenty-six 
of  these  where  the  electors  do  not  ex- 
ceed that  number,  and  in  many  of 
them  a  single  figure  expresses  the  num- 
ber. It  is  thought  that  a  moderate 
compensation  might  be  given  to  these 
electors,  or  proprietors,  with  a  vote  in 
their  relative  county.  Thus,  oat  of 
fifty  seats  redeemed,  members  might 
be  given  to  the  great  commercial  towns 
and  counties  requiring  more.  In  such 
case  each  privileged  place  would  repay 
the  expense  incurred  in  remuneratmg 
the  electors  who  relinquished  a  Bo- 
rough to  make  way  for  the  new  mea- 
sure. The  nation  would  for  a  consi- 
derable period  rest  contented  with  this 
practical  degree  of  melioration,  which 
would  lead  ultimately  to  farther  bene- 
ficial consequences. 
Your?,  &c.        JofiM  Macdonalo. 


REVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


The  History  of  Scoiland,  By  Sir  Walter 
Scoit,  Barl.  1  9mo.  FoL  /.  pp.  859  ;  Fol. 
J  I.  ftp.  440.  CCatinet  Cyclnpa<iia,  voU. 
1  and  4.) 

WITH  the  history  of  Scoiland  few 
men  can  have  become  more  intimately 
acquainted  than  Sir  VVaher  Scott.  The 
parent  of  to  many  of  his  truth- like  fic- 
tions, it  must  long  have  been  his  fami- 
liar siudy.  He  has  latterly  drawn  from 
its  source  three  interesting  series  of 
taltrt  for  youth ;  and  it  is  said  that  this 
abridged  history  was  in  his  contrmpla- 
tion  before  Dr.  Lardner's  Cyclopaedia 
was  offered  as  the  vehicle  for  its  pub- 
lication. 

To  those  who  have  been  accustomed 
to  the  widely-spread  pages  in  which, 
until  recently,  most  new  works  have 
been  ushered  into  the  world,  it  would 
seem  that  the  history  of  Scotland  could 
scarcely  be  adequately  discussed  in  two 
small  volumes  like  the  present.  It  will 
not,  however,  be  found  that  the  space 
to  which  in  this  instance  Sir  Walter 
Scoii  has  been  limited,  has  so  nar- 
rowed his  review  of  the  Scotch  annals, 
or  cramped  the  powers  of  his  graphic 
pen,  as  that  the  work  is  in  consequence 
too  hasty  or  too  imperfect  for  a  popubr 
hiatory. 

The  History  of  Scoiland  naturally 
concludes  with  the  union  of  its  crown 
to  that  of  England.  Its  writer  is  not 
therefore  led  away  by  that  undue  pro- 
portion which  recent  events  are  %vont 
to  assume,  and  which  has  often  occa- 
sioned an  historian  to  weave  for  hit  lust 
reign  a  longer  web  than  has  been 
formed  by  perhaps  all  the  preceding.  It 
will  be  readily  perceived  that  the  omis- 
sion of  the  two  centuries  last  elapsed 
must,  in  any  history,  leave  the  vista  of 
previous  events  in  a  comparatively 
smaller  perspective,  and  that  theiefore 
a  more  confined  canvas  may  be  ampiv 
sufficient  for  those  earlier  ages,  in  which 
small  matters  do  not  obtrude  upon  the 
attention,  but  such  only  as,  by  their  ob- 
vious im|X>rtance,  have  merited  a  more 
lasting  place  in  the  remembrance  of 
mankind. 

These  are  doubtless  advantages  in 
writing  an  abridged  History  of  Scot- 
land. We  cannot,  however,  conceal 
our  opinion  that  Sir  Walter  Scott,  with 
hia  characteristic  teodeocy  to  diffusive- 
ness, has  so  far  enlarged  in  style  during 


the  progretaof  hit  task,  at  not  toctcapt 
the  imputation  of  a  disproportion  be- 
tween the  latter  and  the  former  parti 
of  his  work.  The  second  volume  coni* 
prises,  from  the  fatal  battle  of  Floildeii 
to  the  union  of  the  Crowns,  a  period  of 
lest  than  a  century ;  yet  is  much  the 
larger  of  the  two,  and,  to  our  mind, 
somewhat  exceeds  the  dimensions  of 
an  Abridgment.  The  author  has  na« 
turally  dwelt  on  the  interesting  topic  of 
Mary*s  errors  and  Mary's  misfortunes, 
which  have  already  filled  so  many  ea« 
tire  volumes;  has  discussed  at  tome 
length  that  riddle,  the  Gowrie  conspi- 
racy ;  and  of  course  devoted  considera- 
ble space  to  the  engrossing  subject  of 
the  reformation  of  religion.  In  the 
course  of  that  discussion,  we  hare  the 
following  terse  and  jti«t  character  of  the 
great  Scottish  reformer : 

"  John  Knov,  a  man  of  a  fsarkit  heart 
and  a  fluent  eloqueoet  t  violent,  indeed,  and 
•ometirees  coarM,  but  the  better  fltted  to 
obtain  ioflnence  in  a  eoarte  and  turbulent 
age,— canabla  at  once  of  reasoning  with  the 
wiser  nobility,  and  inspiring  with  hia  ova 
spirit  and  xeal  the  fierce  populace.  Tdefn- 
tion,  and  that  species  of  candour  whiok 
BBskes  allowance  tor  the  prejudices  of  birth 
or  situation,  were  unknown  to  hb  uncom- 
promising mind ;  and  this  deficiency  made 
nim  the  more  fit  to  plav  the  distinguished 
part  to  which  he  was  called." 

Sir  Walter  Scott't  obtervationt  on 
the  seneral  characteristict  of  the  Scot- 
tish Kirk  are  eoually  pregnant  with  dis- 
crimination and  good  sense : 

*<  The  presbyteriaa  church  of  Seodaad 
has  now  subsisted  for  more  than  three  eeo* 
turitfs,  and  set  an  example,  with  few  excep- 
tions, of  zealous  good  men  actually  submit- 
ting to  that  indigence  which  had  been  oolj 
talked  of  by  the  monks  and  friars ;  and  l»- 
bouring  in  their  important  duties  for  con- 
science* sake,  not  for  gain.  Their  morals  art 
equal  to  those  of  any  church  in  the  world, 
and  superior  to  most.  As,  in  the  usual 
course  of  their  studies,  they  are  early  trans- 
ferred from  the  university  to  the  puipit*  the 
Scottish  church  has  not  produced  so  many 
deep  scholars  or  profound  divines  as  that  w 
the  sister  kingdom,  whose  colleges  and  M- 
lowfhips  afford  room  and  opportunity  ibr 
study,  till  the  years  of  fdl  intelled  art  e^ 
tained.  On  this  other  hand,  few  Instaeata 
occur  in  whieh  a  Scottish  mbbter  does  eoft 
possess  a  sobolar-like  portioa  both  of  pro- 
fane learning  and  theological  scieoce. 


Review. — Sir  W.  Scott's  History  of  Scotland.  iJvam, 


518 

*<  In  the  earlier  days  of  the  churchy  the 
preshyterian  clergy  were  hurried  into  lome 
extremes,  from  their  ardent  desire  to  oppose 
diametrically  their  doctrines  and  practice  to 
those  of  Rome,  when  it  had  heen  bettor  to 
hate  conformed  to  the  ancient  practices.— 
Because  the  catholic  church  demanded  a 
splendid  ritual,  prescribed  special  forms  of 
prayer,  and  occupied  soperb  temples,  the 
Scottish  kirk  neglected  the  decencies  of 
worship,  and  the  solemn  attitude  of  devo- 
tion wnich  all  men  assume  in  the  closet ; 
and   the    vulgar    audience    reprobated    the 

Sreachers  who  showed  so  much  anxiety  to 
tscharge  their  office,  as  to  commit  their 
discourses  to  writing  previous  to  delivering 
them.     Because  the  catholic  priests  easily 
granted  absolution  for  such  offences  as  their 
hearers  brought  tn  secret  to  the  confessional, 
the  kirk  insisted  upon  performance  of  public 
and  personal  penance,  even  in  cases  which 
were  liable  to  harden  the  feelings  of  the  cri- 
minal, to  offend  the  delicacy  of  the  congre- 
gation, and  to  lead  to  worse  consequences. 
Instead  of  the  worldly  pomp  and  circum- 
stance which  the  church  of  Rome  assem- 
bled around  her,  the  reformed   preachers 
could  only  obtain  eminence  by  observing  an 
austere  system  of  murals  themselves,  and 
exacting  the  same  from  others, — a  practice 
which  in  extreme  cases  might  lead  to  hypo- 
crisy and  spiritual  tyranny.     Lastly,  as  they 
disclaimed  all  connection  with  the  State,  the 
Scottish  divines  could  not  be  charged,  like 
the  papist  clergymen,  with  seeking  the  ap- 
plause of  monarchs,  and  a  high  place  in 
courts ;  but  they  cannot,  in  the  early  ages  of 
the  church,  be  acquitted  of  interfering  with 
the  civil  government,  in  cases  where  they 
pretended  that  religion  was  connected  with 
ity  (a  connection  easily  discovered,  if  the 
preacher  desired  to  find  it,)  and  so  dedicating 
to  politics  the  time  and  reasoning  which  was 
due  to  religion.     The  current  ox  ages,  how- 
ever, and  the  general  change  of  manners, 
have,  in  a  great  measure,  removed  those  er- 
rors imputable  to  the  Scottish  church,  and 
incidental  to  every  human  institution  which 
arose  from  superabundaut  zeal ;    and  it  is 
hoped  and  believed  that,  while  some  excesses 
have  been  corrected  and  restrained,  it  is,  as 
a  national  church  establishment,  still  ani- 
mated by  the  more  refined  and  purer  qualities 
of  fervid  devotion." 

Sir  Walter  Scott  has  been  frequently 
termed  a  bad  herald,  from  instances  of 
false  and  incongruous  blazonry  in  his 
works  of  imagination.  We  are  sorry 
to  have  to  notice  some  confusion  in 
the  more  important  point  of  genealogy ; 
for  in  p.  90  of  vol.  ii.  we  have  the 
following  discrepant  account  of  Lady 
Margaret  Douglas,  the  Countess  of 
Lennox,  who  was  mother  of  Lord 
Darnloy: 


«  ThU  lady  was  daughter  of  King  HMoys 
sister  Margaret,  Queen  dowacer  of  Sootlaady 
by  her  second  husband  the  £arl  of  Aagusy 
end  ujotmoUierqf  the  reigning  Chiem  Mary" 

Queen  Mary's  mother,  it  ia  well 
known,  was  Mary  of  Guise;  and  the 
relationship  of  the  Countess  of  Lennox 
to  the  Queen  was  aunt  of  half-blood : 
but  we  presume  the  Historian's  state- 
ment may  have  been  intended  to  stand 
as  follows : 


(( 


This  lady  was  daughter  of  King  Henry's 
sister  Margaret,  Queen  dowager  of  Scothud 
(and  grandmother  of  the  reigning  Qnsea 
Mary],  by  her  second  husband  ths  Ear!  of 
Angus." 

Again,  in  the  next  page,  the  confu- 
sion is  continued  s 

"  Queen  Mary  claimed  the  tfarone  of 
England,  failing  Queen  Elizabeth  and  bar 
heirs,  as  srand-niece  of  Henry  VIIT.  by  her 
mUher^  the  same  Queen  MargaiBt.  Ladjy 
Lennox  was  that  Queen's  JnU  nieeep  and  una 
degree  nearer  in  blood  to  iim  reignii^  Qnsstt 
than  was  Mary  herself." 

Here  for  "  mother"  we  should  read 
"grandmother;"  for  "full  niecey** 
"  daughter ;"  and  with  regard  to  the  de- 
gree of  propinquity  in  blood,  that  would 
no  more  have  given  right  of  inheritance 
in  opposition  to  primogeniture  in  the 
case  of  Lady  Margaret  Douglas,  than  it 
would  prefer  the  present  Dukes  of 
Cumberland,  Sussex,  and  Cambridge, 
in  prejudice  of  their  niece  the  Princess 
Victoria  of  Kent. 

The  only  plausible  ground  to  coun- 
tenance a  preference  of  Lady  Marga- 
ret's claim  to  that  of  Queen  Maty,  was* 
that  she  chanced  to  be  a  native  of  Eng- 
land ;  but  there  can  be  little  doubt  that, 
as  alien  birth  made  no  difficulty  in  the 
case  of  James,  so  it  would  have  made 
none  in  prejudice  of  his  mother,  had 
she  attained  the  good  fortune  of  wit- 
nessing the  removal  of  Queen  Elisa- 
beth from  the  stage. 

In  p.  244  of  vol.  1,  line  6,  for  Alex- 
ander Earl  of  Buchan  we  ^ouid  read 
John  ;  and  in  the  same  page  the  real 
Alexander  (the  uncle  of  John),  is  in- 
correctly described  as  second,  instead 
of  fourth,  son  of  King  Robert  IL 

In  p.  272,  Walter  Earl  of  Athol  is 
erroneously  called  son  of  Robert  the 
Third,  instead  of  Robert  the  Second 
(among  whose  children  he  has  heen 
named  in  p.  SfiO.) 

In  vol.  S,  p.  46,  the  Duke  of  North- 
umberland IS  by  mistake  called  Duke 
of  Warwick. 


la   p.  311   we  Gwl  th«  rollowiog     in  lh«  parableof  ibe  kbouren  (Matt. 


f  gnUlj  rdj.     Ha  hioiKlf  d«eTiliadu 


■broad  to  Mil   Un   foe  the   bcacGt   of  liia 

Whether  Sir  Wilier  i*  here  milled 
T,  or  by  hit  own 


,  who,  when  on  I 


of   lhi(  by  Sciop- 
pamphleieer  (who, 


Wilion,  in  hit  Life  or  Woiion  (  end  a 
coniemponty  leiter,  printed  in  Ni> 
choli'i  Progretsei  of  King  Jsmei  the 
Fint,  *ol.  9,  p.  46a.) 


Stmun't  and  Psitium'i  BnerUy. 

{CMtluiltd  firm  pagi  846.) 

ONE  purpou  o(  thoM  beiulirul  or- 

-' 1UT  ancient  lown>,  Jlfor- 

liitle    known.      The 


■  cgnoo*  vord 

ring  (hepetiod  of  the  civil 
-"-  frooi  Todd. 


th«  town  of  BectTlaj,  4 
iDg  hind  bf 


■OMubl  OB  ud^'SE 

il,fMlbatPMi 


The  iDtiquity  «f  tbi(  a 


io««re- 
lereut 


he  feui  oiled  here 
itill  to  be  coaiioucd. 

The  cclebnlioa  of  ihii,  the  Corpm 
Chtiili  pl>y*>  iDfiMriei,  mumme- 
riet,  ind  limiUr  thmgi,  ii  thmuht  to 
h»Te  wholly  grown  ont  of  the  birbs- 
riMQ  of  our  uceiion.    BubtroiH  they 


520 


Rbvibw. — Scaum's  and  PouUod's  BeverUff, 


[June, 


were,  but  barbarism  does  not  imply 
defect  of  understanding.  Such  things 
brought  money  to  the  place,  and  the 
principle  is  reuined  in  annual  races, 
musical  festivals,  &c.  which  occasion 
money  to  be  spent,  through  resort  of 
visitors. 

Among  the  carvings  on  the  scats  of 
the  Minster,  is  a  "  fox  preaching  to 
the  geese"  (p.  657).  The  ancient 
meaning  of  "  Le  Reynard  presche  aux 
poules,  "was  not  that  the  clergy  in  ge- 
neral preached  to  the  people  for  the 
purposes  of  extortion,  as  has  been  sup- 
posed. It  was  only  a  proverb  used, 
says  Cotgrave,  "  wnen  a  notable  im- 
postor talked  unto  or  treated  with  siliie 
and  ignorant  people"  (v.  poules). 

We  extract  the  following  passage 
from  p.  678,  in  order  to  prevent  more 
dilapidation  of  ancient  buildings  than 
is  absolutely  unavoidable : 

<<  The  north  wing  of  the  great  transept 
had  so  far  declined  from  its  perpendicular,  as 
to  overhang  its  base  nearly  four  feet,  and 
stood  in  a  most  dangerous  manner.  Mr. 
Thornton,  a  carpenter  in  York,  undertook 
to  effect  its  restoration,  by  means  of  a  huge 
frame  of  timber  for  screwing  up  the  gable 
end  at  once,  and  which  he  successfully  exe- 
cuted. This  ingenious  contrivance  has  been 
erroneously  attributed,  by  Horace  Walpole 
and  others,  to  Mr.  Hawkesmore,  who  was 
architect  of  the  minster  at  the  time,  but 
who  neither  felt  nor  understood  the  beauties 
of  gothio  architecture." — p.  678. 

This  is  one  of  other  instances  from 
which   it  appears,  that  the  preserva- 
tion of  our  finest  buildings  has  been 
owing  to  the  restoration  having  been 
entrusted  to  the  working  members  of 
the  architectural  science.     A  scientific 
man  ought,  like  them,  to  act  the  part  of 
a  sound  editor.  If  Ae  had  to  do  with  the 
text  of  Milton  or  Shakspeare,  he  would 
not  restore  it,   but  alter  and  interpo- 
late it,  and  deem  it  infra  dignitatem,  if 
he  was  not  permitted  to  exercise  such 
a  licentiousness.     We  mean  not  to  de- 
preciate the  talents  of  any  man,  or  to 
discourage  the  reasonable  profits  of  a 
job,  but  we  do  object  to  the  vanity  and 
presumption   that  profess  to  improve 
perfection  in  an  art  qf  which  there  is 
not  a  merit  possible  td'bc  acquired,  ex- 
cept by  copymg.   In  sculpture  no  man 
dares  to  attempt  improvement.      Let 
him  make  the  attempt,  and  see  how  he 
is  put  to  shame.    A  Mr.  Comins,  who 
had  been  bred   up  in  the  Cathedral 
works  at  York,  was  engaged  to  restore 
the  beauties  of  Beverley  Minster.     He 


carefully  examined  the  maiilated  work 
of  the  original  altar-screen,  took  casts 
of  the  ornaments  and  mouldings,  and 
carved  an  entirely  new  pinnacle  of  ex- 
quisite beauty.  He  was  then  cooTiaccid, 
that  it  might  be  restored  in  all  its  de- 
tails, "  and  it  has  been  so  in  an  inlmi- 
table  style.** — p.  (582. 

A  self-satisfied  "  architect ''   would 
have  considered  mending  as  jgreal  a  dis- 
grace as  a  master  tailor  wou3,  if  called 
upon  so  to  do,  instead  of  making  sl  new 
coat:  and   thus,   from   false -pride   in 
them,  and  folly  in  the  patronage  of  the 
public,  sublime  and  l)eautifal  fabrics, 
the  glory  of  the  nation,  have  been  most 
scandalously  sacrificed  to  egotism  or  ra* 
pacity.    This,  we  own,  is  harsb  lan- 
guage, but  as  either  lucre  or  Alse  taste 
can  alone  be  the  cause  of  soch  irrepa- 
rable mischief  as  unnecessary  oiutila<« 
tion  or  ruin  of  some  of  the  nneat  mo- 
dels of  architecture  in  this  kioffdoBi,  it 
is  a  public  benefit  that  the  iniqaitoos 
pactice  should  in  future  be  prevented; 
Such  prevention  is  practicable,  becanse 
we  have  partially  executed  it    By  em- 
ploying a  tombstone  carver,  we  hare 
actually   put  in   new  stone  mullions 
upon  the  ancient  pattern,  into  a  gdlhic 
window,  at  less  expence  than  could  or 
would  have  been  done  by  a  carpenter 
in  wood.     If  a  gothic  window  be  de- 
prived of  its  mullions,  it  isdcsraded  to  a 
mere  glazed  pigeon-hole.   Iftbe  pillars 
of  a  nave  decline  from  the  perpendicu- 
lar, carpentry  may  be  made  to  soppbr( 
the  superstructure,  and  the  repairs  at 
the  base  be  made  to  restore  the  upright 
position.  The  success  of  Mr.  Thornton 
shows,  that  even  walls  may  be  rein- 
slated.     If  such  a  fortunate  result  has 
ensued  with  a  fine  building  like  Bever- 
ley Minster,  how  much  more  easy  and 
cheap  must  be  a  similar  experiment  in 
regard  to  humbler  and  yet  beautiful 
fabrics.     There  are  other  potent  rea- 
sons.   The  moment  a  bridge,  church, 
or  other  public  edifice  is  projected,  ex- 
pensive and  often  inconsistent   plans 
are   poured   in ;  and  funds .  raised  for 
other   purposes  are  condemned  to  be 
immediately  sacrificed  for  the  first  oat-i 
lay,  in  stone  and  mortar.    To  sanction 
gorgeous  and    ornamental    buikiinp» 
where  the  money  can  be  affoidcd,  4S, 
of  course,  unobjectionsble}  but  where 
it  cannot,  the  expense  deters- the  in- 
crease of  similar  conveniences;- and 
the  trade  itself  is  injured^  because  un<^ 
der  moderate  cost,  treble  the  number 
of  such  buildings  would  be  erected. 


18S0.] 


IUtiiw.-«PI<im  Oft  th€  Cl^it. 


Ml 


Manj  a  Dobletnan  and  gentlemaii  hat 
been  utterly  rained  by  the  expentira 
plant  of  arcnttects,  got  op  for  no  other 
porpote  than  that  of  prontable  jobt. 

In  p.  734  we  find  t  new  dattification 
of  Gothic  Architecture  by  Mr.  Rick- 
man,  ingenious,  but  unqnettionably 
incorrect.  At  it  it  popniar  in  the 
north,  we  deem  it  teatonable  to  notice 
it,  Mr.  Rickman  roaket  four  ttylet : 
I.  Norman,  from  1065  to  11 89.  f. 
Early  English,  from  llSQto  1307*  3. 
Decorated  English,  from  130?  to  1377. 
4.  Perpendicalar  Englith,  from  1377 
10  1540. 

Now  we  beg  to  obaenre,  that  the 
Saxon  it  hittorically  proved  to  have 
been  debated  Roman ;  which,  with 
all  the  tocceeding  ttylet,  and  every 
other  fine  art,  came  from  Italv  to 
France,  and  from  France  to  England. 
Mr.  Whittington  and  Mr.Haggit  have 
incontettiblv  proved  that  tht  poinied 
arch  esisied  in  three  impcriani  ed^fieet 
of  France  hrfore  it  wa$  known  in  ing' 
land.  (Hagcit't  Lettert,  p.  17.)  The 
Cathedral  of  Valence  ana  the  Church 
of  Sl  Audreon  are  alto  both  in  the 
Saxon  tiyl«>  M  ^c  call  the  debated  Ro- 
man. The  truth,  in  short,  teemt  to 
be,  that  there  never  were  more  than 
two  dittinctive  ttvlet;  1,  the  round 
arch  or  debased  Roman;  and  S,  the 
oriental  or  pointed  style,  introduced 
through  the  Crusades.  Mr.  Haggit,  in 
his  excellent  Letters  on  Gothic  Archi- 
tecture, has  so  clearly  established  these 
distinctions,  as  matters  of  fact,  that  we 
deem  it  unnecessary  to  say  more  in  ex- 
posure of  the  misnomer  of  EifWifik  ar- 
chitecture, and  exclusive  peciniaritiet 
of  ttyle  pretended  to  be  founded  there- 
upon. Mr.  Woods*s  "  Lettert  of  an 
Architect,**  by  exhibiting  the  ttylet  of 
the  churchet  abroad,  thowt  that  the 
pretumption  of  a  ttyle,  dntinctively 
Englith,  it  unfoundra  :  and  that  the 
utmost  which  can  be  conceded  amounts 
not  to  general  rulet,  but  exceptiont. 

Dugdale,  in  hit  Warwickthire,  tayt« 
that  tpiret  were  added  to  church- 
towert  for  laodmarkt.  We  find  in  p. 
737, that 

*•  Tktrt  «M  loriMrly  a  sbmII  gtasced  Ua- 
then  tower  at  iha  NJL  eomer  of  the  ckareh 
of  St.  Mary,  in  wbidi  a  light  was  unnlly 
pJaced,  dtaigoed  m  a  btacon  to  eondoct  IM 
traveller  acrota  the  tneUcas  eoantry.  It 
waa  takco  down  about  60  years  ago." 

Churchwardent  not  being  able  to 
Girt.  Mao.  June,  1830. 

6 


write,  weva  allowred  a  dark  t  lor  in  the 
parith  acooonu,  under  the  year  IftQd* 
we  have,  p.  743, 

"  Paid  to  Tho.  Jeakiaaoo,  elark  for  ilia 
cborehwardena  for  thia  bk  ytre'a  ffea  or 
walge,  t64.  hd," 

In  pp.  745-7»  we  tee  that  great  en- 
couragement wat  given  to  the  dettroc* 
tion  of  the  owit  that  occupied  the 
church. 

There  still  exittt  in  many  country 
villaget  a  reminitoence  of  the  prohibi- 
tion of  matrimony  during  Lctit.  At 
the  commencement  of  the  Regitter  of 
St.  Mary*t  |>arith  it  the  following  1 

Ruleefor  Marriage,  (he  Ume,  i^. 

When  Advent  eomea  do  thoa  refraiae. 
Till  HilUry  set  jT  free  acaioe. 
Next  Septoageaaima  saiu  the  nay, 
Bat  when  Lowe  Sanday  eomea  thou  may. 
Yet  at  Rotation  thofo  most  tarrie. 
Till  Trinitie  ahall  bid  the  mary. 

Nov.  iSlh,  1641. 

We  are  determined  to  expote  nioti- 
lationt  of  ancient  buildingt ;  etpecialU 
unwarrantable  libertiet  taken  with 
them  t  e.  g.  in  p.  758  we  find  that  a 
beautifully  carved  niche,  at  the  nave  of 
St.  Mary't  church,  was  cut  away  to  re- 
ceive a  monaroental  ublet. 

Pietureeque  Fiewt  on  the  River  Chfde,  en* 
graved  by  Joteph  Swan,  Jrofn  aramnge  by 
J,  Fleming;  with  historical  anddeeerip' 
tive  lUuttrations,  ^  J*  M.  Leighton.  -■ 
Moon,  Boys,  and  Cmvea. 

THE  14th  number  completet  this 
beautiful  work,  which,  in  its  progreat, 
hat  frequently  elicited  our  commenda- 
tion. The  viewt  on  the  Clyde  are 
amongtt  the  mott  beautiful  in  nature^ 
and  aboand  in  great  varietur*  A  work, 
therefore,  devoted  excluttvely  to  the 
delineation  of  itt  tcenery  wat  much 
wanted ;  the  pretent  hat  been  ably 
conducted,  conferring  great  credit  on 
all  the  parttet  who  nave  produced  it, 
and  we  congratulate  them  on  their  de- 
terved  toccett.  It  is  pleasin^^  10  ob- 
serve the  interest  the  inhabuanta  of 
Glatgow  and  itt  vicinity  have  taken  in 
thit  publication,  proving  that  attention 
to  commercial  portoitt  it  not  incomp*- 
tible  with  patronage  of  the  artt.  ^ 

At  Glaiigow,  a  yearly  exhibition^  of 
the  works  of  living  artitu  hat  been  jo- 
ttituted,  under  the  autpicet  of  the  Dile* 
unti  Society ;  and  thc^  have  it  in  con- 
templation to  institute  an  Academy  of 
Painting. 


599 


Rbvibw.— Lemprt€r«*«  Leciure*  on  Nedural  History.     [Jote, 


«  To  •4lorii  the  Litenitert  of  the  igei 
Glssgow  Hm  gWeo  a  Campbell*  ^  WUmb, 
and  a  Lockhart ;  in  Architecture  she  pot- 
scMes  a  Hamilton;  in  Portrait-paintings  a 
Graham*  a  Gibson,  and  a  Henderson  ;  and 
in  Landscape,  a  Fleming,  a  Donaldson,  and 
a  Brown.  Nor,  should  it  be  forgotten,  that 
the  West  of  Scotland,  the  modern  Bceotia 
b  eastern  eyes,  has  originated  a  new  school 
itt  Statuary,  as  eminently  national  and  cha- 
racteristic, as  it  is  true  to  Nature." — p.  iv. 

"  Mr.  Thom  is  a  se1f-U«ght  sculptor,  who 
has  gained  great  fame  l^  his  figures  of 
Tarn  0*Shanter  and  Souter  Johnnie,  seated 
over  their  cups,  intended  for  Bnms's  monu- 
ment."— p.  158. 

These  .excellent  figures  have  been 
recently  exhibited  in  London,  and  been 
multiplied,  in  small,  ad  infinitum,  • 

We  are  glad  to  observe,  that  a  com- 
panion to  this  work  is  in  preparation, 
consisting  of  a  series  of  views  of  the 
principal  Lakes  of  Scotland. 

Popular  Lectures  on  the  Study  of  Natural 
History  and  the  SeienceSf  FegetaUe  Pky^ 
siohgy,  Zooh^f  the  Animal  and  Fegetabte 
PoisanSf  and  on  the  Human  Faculties, 
mental  and  eorporealt  as  deliver^  before 
the  Isle  of  fTighl  Philosophical  Society. 
By  William  Leropriere,  Af.D.  The  second 
Edition ;  to  which  have  been  added,  Two 
Lectures  on  the  Mammijerous  Animals, 
8vo.  pp.  414. 

THE  moral  advantage  of  Natural 
Philosophy  and  History  is,  that  it 
produces  piety,  insusceptible  of  weak- 
ness and  delusion,  and  such  a  feeling 
of  devotion  as  no  scepticism  can  over- 
come. The  intermixture  of  human 
opinion,  upon  points  of  which  human 
opinion  cannot  possibly  be  of  avail,  has 
been  the  grand  cause  of  infidelity ;  for 
the  fact  is,  that  there  never  has  been 
any  infidelity  whatever  founded  upon 
the  study  of  nature,  only  upon  deauc- 
tions  from  the  Bible,  which  are  at  va- 
riance with  the  laws  of  Providence, 
and  which  variance  we  do  not  believe 
to  exist  under  a  correct  understanding 
of  the  Holy  Volume.  We  are  justified 
in  saying  this,  because  we  have  at  va- 
rious times  stated  that  the  Scripture 
has  been  authenticated  by  philosophy 
far  more  than  it  has  been  apparently 
^disproved,  and  because  we  also  know, 
that  to  take  the  literal  text  of  an  an- 
cient work,  without  knowing  the  con- 
temporary opinions  in  vosue,  is  falla- 
cious. The  misfortune,  howevery  is, 
that  philosophy  is  never  called  in,  a^  a 
lest  or  testimony,  although  wo  know, 
.and  are,  under  circumstances^repared 


to  show,  that  Scripture  aasooMi  oothti^' 
un philosophical,  and  that  we  beliere 
future  discovery  will  prove  our  allega« 
tion.  For  instance,  every  philosopher 
knows,  that  there  cannot  possibly  be 
such  a  thing  as  death,  hoi  that  a  change 
of  state  is  the  only  thing  possible ;  and 
that  upon  such  a  change,  the  whole 
story  of  the  Bible  is  foaodoi ;  and  that 
revelation  implies  no  more  than  the 
communication  of  soch  a  manifest 
truth,  and  the  efFectuation  of  the  mod^ 
by  an  agent,  whose  credeotiala  are 
founded  upon  a  providential  dispensa- 
tion ;  which  again  implies  no  mon, 
than  that,  as  the  sun  was  created  for 
physical,  another  might  be  so  for  moral- 
daylight.  If  man  has  beea  oirUiaedy 
(as  is  undeniable)  and  coold  not  bavo 
been  by  mere  phpical  knowledge,  as 
is  also  undeniaDle,  then  the  e^tutence 
of  civilization  does  evince  a  dirtincK 
influence;  and  it  is  incumbent  npon 
those  who  opine  the  contrary,  to  ibow 
by  what  physical  action,  men  can  ar* 
rive  at  a  knowledge  above  sense  |  for 
that  such  a  knowledge  does  exist  Is 
beyond  contradiction. 

Such  are  our  reasons  for  inhering  to 
rational  piety,  and  for  holdiiw^  u  we 
do,  under  a  philosophical  view,  the 
enthusiasm  or  devotees  in  aovereijjpi 
contempt,  and  for  obstinately  maio* 
taining  our  positions;  because  it  is 
further  to  be  remembered,  that  when- 
ever a  dispute  exists  upon  a  relijpoot 
subject,  not  reason,  but  enthusiasm, 
immediately  assumes  the  arbitialion  |. 
that  is  to  aay,  opinion  pretends  to  bo 
truth. 

In  our  Magazine  for  November, 
1827*  p*  435,  we  noticed  the  first  edi- 
tion of  this  work.  The  second  is  now 
before  us,  and  contains  additional  Lee* 
tures  on  the  Mammifeioos  Animals. 
The  same  instruction  and  illaminatjoQ 
occurs  in  these. as  in  the  preceding 
Lectures ;  and  we  are  happy  to  prove 
this  affirmation  by  exposure  of  the  po- 
pular error,  concerning  the  suppoaed 
assimilation  of  the  Orang  Ontang  to 
the  human  species,  whereas  he  only 
belongs  to  the  Ape-Tribe.  A^  moat 
simple  circumstance  shows  the  distinc- 
tion. He  and  the  whole  of  that  tribe 
are  utterly  incapable  of  walkiQg  in 
an  erect  posture,  (see  p.  dl9)  and 
10^  add,  that  man  is  the  only  animal 
which  has  calves  to  Its  Icgi.  because 
man,  for  the  purpose  of  walkiugj  up- 
right, reouired  such  muscular  additions. 
Concerning  the  animal  in  qoestibn. 


l>r.  LeflDpriere,  tfier  tuiing  unquet- 
tiooat>le  physiological  phenomena, 
tumi  up  the  wbow  lij  tnt  following 
coDclusioa. 

*'  However,  for  reMons  which  caiiDOt 
be  brought  withio  owr  limiled  compreheo- 
ftioo,  the  Oumog  Outeoc  beeie,  b  certaia 
perte  of  hit  phjticel  cooTornMtioo.  e  atrik- 
log  retewhUnce  to  bmo»  end  mechaoioally 
cen  imitate  him  In  meuj  of  hit  eetioot  {  jet 
I  trutt  it  will  eppeer,  that  he  b  mott  ebvi- 
outly  placed  at  aa  immetaureable  diitaoce 
from  him  io  aJl  thote  nobler  qtwlifioationet 
for  which  maa  it  to  pre-emioentlj  to  be  dit- 
tii^ithcd  I  m  the  uniformlj  erect  attitude 
of  nit  bodjr  i  in  hit  bold  and  commanding 
gait ;  in  the  comprehensive  and  complicated 
utet  which  he  makes  of  hit  hands  j  in  the 
power  he  poetestet  of  communicating  and 
receiving  ideas,  through  the  medium  of 
tpeech ;  and  more  etpecially  in  all  those  in- 
ventive and  highly  intellectual  endowments, 
which  have  more  or  lest  rendered  subeer- 
vient  to  human  will  and  pleature,  every 
other  part  of  the  animal  kingdom.  Thus 
the  boasted  hypothesis  of  the  several  parte 
of  the  creatioo  being  united  by  one  chain, 
of  which  man  is  only  the  first  in  the  link, 
exists  but  in  the  imaciaation  of  a  lew  frnoi- 
iiil  philosophers ;  while,  In  the  estimation  of 
the  best  informad  nataralists,  he  holds  a 
distinct  and  separate  plsce;  at  once,  the 
arbiter  of  the  surrounding  objects,  and  the 
no  mean  counterpart  of  the  Divine  Architect, 
at  whoee  mandate,  men,  and  all  living  things 
were  first  called  into  existence  "— p*  882. 


The  Scheme  and  CompUtion  (^  Prophecy ^  if  c. 
ifc,  wherein  iU  origin  and  use,  together 
tciih  its  setae  and  applieation  as  the  grand 
fundamental  pro^  qf  Religion,  spiriaUy 
adapted  to  all  periods  <tf  the  fforld,  and 
all  stages  qf  the  Church,  are  considered 
and  explained;  together  tritk  an  Enquiry 
into  the  Shekhtah  and  the  Cheruhim  m  the 
Holy  qf  UoUeSf  and  the  Fisions  rf  tke 
Pr^pheU,  By  the  Rev,  John  Whitley, 
D.D.  T.C.D.  Rector  nfthe  School  at  Gal- 
way,     800.  f>p.  45 1. 

WE  are  amona  thote  who  toleoinlj 
belie? e  in  the  Bible,  but  not  in  the  com- 
mon interpretations  of  it,  and  for  this 
reason  :— We  find,  in  ancient  history, 
incidents,  opinions,  and  mythes,  which 
rooet  satisfactorily  elocidaie  iu  roost 
revolting  and  manrelloos  allegations; 
for  intunoe,  we  find,  that  the  rich  and 
great  were  meuphorically  denominated 
giants;  that  the  ophites  or  serpent 
worship,  wu  among  the  most  early 
corruptions  of  idolatry  ;  and  that  trees 
were  formerly  worshipped,  and  con- 
nected with  literattire,  and  the  htero- 


clypbical,  or  alphabetical  mibdia  of 
langiuge.  Of  coorae,  it  it  tcnpoHiblB 
to  avoid  finding  i  solution  of  the  great 
difiicullies  in  the  antedihirian  history, 
in  these  several  facts.  Whether  thia 
part  of  the  Pentatencb  is  thus  fig^ 
ratively  to  be  interpreted  or  not,  we 
do  profess  to  determine.  All  wie 
maintain  is,  thai  there  h  ooching  in 
the  Bible,  which,  setting  aside  un- 
doubted proridential  interposition,  is 
not  susceptible  of  philosophical  or  his- 
torical proof.  It  may  be  thought,  that 
we  are  making  daring  hypotheses,  and 
that  we  ate  alarming  literalists  and 
true  belie\-ers.  Our  answer  is,  that 
the  Bible  cannot,  and  oc^t  not,  uni- 
versally to  be  literally  interpreted,  for 
the  obvious  reason,  that  no  book  which 
deals  in  miracle,  ptophecy,  parable,  and 
type,  can  possibly  be  so.  It  is  a  pei^ 
feet  absurdity  in  se.  U  Christ,  by  the 
eagles,  meant  the  Roman  army  at  the 
siege  of  Jerusalem  1  if  by  the  destruc- 
tion of  the  Temple  in  three  days,  he  de- 
signated his  own  person ;  if  the  A|)Oca- 
lypse  is  part  of  the  canon  of  Scripttire, 
and  various  other  typical  parts  of  Scrip- 
tore  be  so  also,  by  what  authority  it 
a  literal  constructtoo  imposed  upon 
Christians  ?  for,  were  it  once  to  be  a 
law,  all  the  claims  of  the  Bible  to  a 
prophetic  character  most  (all  to  the 
ground:  in  fact,  there  are  parts  of 
Scripture,  which  never  had,  or  were 
intended  to  have,  a  literal  construc- 
tion. We  speak  thus,  because  persdna, 
who  have  neither  capacity  nor  know^ 
ledge  adequate  to  other  works,  endtt- 
vour  to  acf)uire  reputation  bv  writing 
upon  religious  subiecu,  ahd  thus  do 
infinite  mischief,  because  they  sub- 
stitute foolish  notions  of  their  own, 
and  claim  as  part  and  parcel  of  reli- 
gious liberty,  that  every  roan*s  inter- 
pretation of  Scripture,  be  it  what  it 
will,  is  to  be  deemed  its  actual  mean- 
ing, though  it  cannot  poasibly  have 
more  than  one  meaning.  On  the  con- 
trary, men  of  talent  and  reading,  versed 
in  philoaophy,  ancient  hbtory,  and 
sound  theology,  see  the  Bible,  aa  a»- 
tronomers  do  the  heavenly  bodies, 
through  a  telescope,  while  these  char- 
latans alluded  to,  pertinaciously  elevate 
the  naked  sight  of  the  ignorant,  over 
the  assisted  vision  of  the  scientific* 

To  the  erudition,  strengthy  mind, 
and  luminous  ingenuity  of  the  Iqgical 
and  precise  theologian  before  us,  we 
have  not  room  to  do  justice.  We  shall 
therefore  takt  one  point.    Our  author 


594 


Review.— Croly's  Poetical  fVurks. 


[JoBe, 


justly  says  (p.  IQS)  that  of  all  the  pro- 
phecies of  Scripture,  "  Antichrist  is 
the  most  conspicuous  and  the  most  mo- 
mentous." It  so  happens,  that  just 
before  the  appearance  of  this  Taluable 
work,  a  Rev.  Mr.  Maithnd,  of  Glou- 
cester, laid  before  us  a  pamptilet,  writ- 
ten by  himselfy  in  which,  to  the  best 
of  our  recollection,  he  contends,  that 
all  expositors  of  past  times  have  been 
in  error,  concernm^  this  person ;  and 
that  Antichrist  is  yet  to  come.  It 
requires  no  Joseph  or  Daniel  to  inter- 
pret, why  we  declined  notice  of  this 
pamphlet.  Dr.  Whitley  has  to  us  most 
satisfactorily  shown,  that  Antichrist 
neither  was  or  could  be  any  other  than 
Mahomet  (see  p.  21 1),  and  most  cer- 
tainly the  extract  now  to  be  given,  will 
exhibit  circumstances  which  do  not 
apply  to  any  other  person. 

**  The  early  Christisn  wrkert,  justly  io- 
teipretiDg  the  Scripturet ,  asserted  that  An- 
tichrist would  restore  eireumeinvn,  which  Is 
the  true  mark  of  the  beast.  Hippolytus 
aod  Cyrid,  of  Jemsalem,  both  asserted, 
that  the  Antichrist  will  come  in  circumci- 
sion ;  and  St.  Aii^ustine,  "  Antichrist  will 
circumcise  himself  he  will  come  in  eircwn- 
cision,  as  the  true  Christ  i"  and  Lactantius, 
*'  he  will  mark  men  like  cattle."  He  was 
lastly  to  be  but  one  man,  a  single  person, 
an  individual  man,  and  not  a  succession,  or 
plurality  of  persons  or  of  men.  He  is  every 
where  in  the  Scriptures  so  represented.  He 
is  called  by  St.  Faul,  '  The  man  of  sin ;' 
*  The  son  of  perdition;'  '  The  lawless 
roan;'  'The  Adversary;'  *  He  that  ex- 
aketb  himselfl*  And  by  St  John,  in  the 
same  way,  <  The  Antichrist ;'  '  The  false 
prophets'  'The  deceiver;'  'The  impos- 
tor;' 'The  liar.'  "  p.  204, 

Again, 

*'  If  the  history  of  the  world,  for  the  last 
1800  years,  be  studied  with  care,  and  ex- 
amined with  attention,  one,  and  only  one 
man,  will  be  fbuud,  in  whom  all  the  pro- 
phetic marks  of  Antichrist,  and  the  entire 
scriptural  character  of  the  £slse  prophet,  are 
combined  and  exhibited,  and  that  one  man 
u  Mahomet  ;  for  his  name  is  the  name  of 
a  man»  he  is  a  single  individual  man,  and  his 
name  \m—666,  40  1  70  40  6  300  10  300 

/M  «  0  ft  a  r  t  «— 666 
It  could  not  be  Romaith,  or  Lateimos  of 
the  modem  system  of  exposition :  for  Anti- 
christ was  to  sulnlue  the  Iloman  Empire,  to 
chance  its  very  name,  and  to  reside  in  the 
£ast.^'  p.  912. 

If  our  readers  will  consult  Bloom- 
field's  Recensio,  viii.  747,  they  will 
there  see  the  indefinite  application  of 
Antichrist,  and  estimate  more  highly 


the  elaborate  and  insenious  diMertation 
of  Dr.  Whitlcnfy  which  is  a  bofning 
slassy  thai  colfects  the  scattered  rays 
into  a  focus,  and  brings  them  all  to 
bear  upon  Mahomet. 

The  Poetical  Wwks  tf  the  Rev.  Geo.  Croff » 
A,M,HJt,S.L,  9  vols,  smaa  Bvo,  Col- 
bnm  and  Bentley.  1880. 

TO  borrow  a  metaphor  from  John- 
son, we  would  say  of  these  toI tunes, 
that  at  one  time  we  are  |>rescnted  with 
a  garden  "  accurately  formed,  dili- 
gently planted,  and  scented  with  the 
the  sweetest  flowers,"  and  at  another, 
we  have  a  forest,  "  filling  the  eye  with 
awful  pomp,  and  gratifying  the  mind 
with  endless  diverstty.*'  There  is  nor- 
thing in  the  treasures  of  poetry  hid 
from  the  genius  of  Croly;  he  brings 
the  richest  gems  from  the  Jeepest  mines, 
and  they  are  polished  into  brilliancy, 
and  set  with  taste  and  elegance  by  the 
hand  of  a  master.  1  n  this  ex  pression  of 
our  praise,  however,  we  are  but  echo- 
ing a  voice  which  has  long  ranked  him 
in  the  highest  grade  of  poetical  excel- 
lence, and  ranged  him  among  the  bright* 
est  stars  of  our  poetical  constellation. 
Without  being  deficient  in  tenderness, 
he  is  more  vigorous  than  sweet;  with- 
out wanting  ease  and  gracefulness, .  the 
portraiture  of  the  Iciuier  passions  is 
evidently  his  forte.  He  can  grasp  the 
thunderbolt,  or  trifle  with  the  lyre; 
and  he  has  falsified,  with  many  of^the 
brighter  and  better  spirits  of  the  day, 
the  hyperbolical  assertion  of  Rasselas, 
"  that  no  human  being  can  ever  be  a 
poeu"  It  would  be  difficult  to  find 
a  poet,  indeed,  in  whom  the  highest 
attributes  of  the  divine  art  were  more 
closely  interwoven,  or  more  completely 
identified.  An  imagination  ricn,  co- 
pious, and  varied — a  command  of  lan- 
guage prodigal,  exuberant,  and  whose 
boundary  is  only  our  vernacular  tongue 
—to  him  are  exposed  the  spirit  aod  the 
mystery ;  he  penetrates  the  depths  and 
recesses  of  the  human  heart;  and  be 
unites  the  most  vivid  powers  of  de- 
scription with  the  most  felicitous  ta- 
lents for  illustration. 

He  arrays  the  creations  of  an  ethe- 
real fancy  in  that  robe  of  light  and 
life,  which  is  the  truest  indication 
of  their  birth-place— a  mind  raised 
above  sordid  and  common-place  reali- 
ties, and  purified  of  its  "  earthy  "  feel- 
ings, by  dwelling  on  the  eternal  forma 
of  beauty  aud   perfection.    It  is  hia 


18S0.]         RiTiiw.— M'Dianiiid't  SkeUUifrom  Nature. 


MS 


praiie  loo  (and  wo  cannot  iterate  tnch 
l^raite  too  oTteOy  or  award  it  too  cor- 
dially), that  the  ton  and  centre, 
from  which  all  these  tpleudid  rays  dU 
Tcrge,  it  hit  fine  healiny,  moral,  and 
religiottt  feeling.  We  encounter  no 
ttartling  paradoxes;  we  are  offended  by 
no  effortt  of  genius  to  gite  dianity  to 
thingt  in  themselTes  debasMK  11  is 
strength  is  the  energy  of  Tirtoe— his 
gentleness  is  the  meekness  of  Christia- 
nity—his anger  is  the  remonstrance  of 
troth.  We  woald  say,  in  a  word,  that 
the  poetry  of  Mr.  Croly  is  free,  fibr- 
ous, and  manly,  and  thoogh  essentially 
original,  he  unites  the  b^t  and  most 
prominent  features  of  many  poets  whom 
the  world  delights  to  honour. 

With  these  general  impreuions  of 
Mr.  Croly*s  poetry,  we  were  gratified 
by  the  collected  form  in  which  it  is 
now  presented.  The  Tolumes  conuin 
the  acknowledged  productions  of  about 
seren  years,  from  I8I6  to  18S3. 

The  principal  poems  in  the  collec- 
tion are,  Paris  in  18 15,  in  two  parts; 
the  Angel  of  the  World ;  Illustrations 
of  Gems ;  the  dramatic  poem  of  Cati- 
line; and  Sebastian. 

With  these  are  interspersed  smaller 

Ciems,  original  or  imitated,  or  trans- 
tions,  all  oeautiful  of  their  kind.  Of 
poetry  that  has  recciTed  the  stamp  and 
seal  of  public  admiration,  it  were  now 
almost  idle  to  speak ;  it  is  destined  to 
take  iu  place  amongst  the  "  perma- 
nent glories ''  of  our  language,  and  to 
be  read  and  admired  wherever  that 
language  is  spoken,  and  its  triumphs  are 
cherished.  These  poems  recommend 
themselves. 


SkeUhu  from  Nature,    By  John  M*Diar- 
mkl.    Po$i  Svo,  pp.  888. 

A  FINE  day  makes  philosophers 
devooL  Thcj  feci  its  genial  influence, 
and  they  praise  the  benevolent  author 
of  their  being.  We  think  that  reason 
▼indicates  them.  Had  misery  been 
piety,  we  think  there  would  never 
nave  been  day-light ;  and  a  heart  dis- 
posed to  admire  and  enjoy  what  ex- 
tends happiness,  is  as  such  studious  of 
cultivating  good  nature  and  amiable 
habits,  for  m  that  is  mostly  wretched, 
is  mostly  also  ill-tempeicd.  Moreover, 
the  love  of  pleasure  and  the  love  of 
action  are  the  ruling  principles  of  our 
existence,  and  how  much  the  one  pro- 
motes the  other  it  finely  exhtbiiod  in 


the  following  "  descriptive  akelcb/* 
entitled 


SAfLORB. 


« 


BeyoodthsbriayaraoaoltlM  daek,  the 
was  most  asoaofooui,  prtMnting  al- 
ternately, as  tht  vojaaer  looud  above  or 
below,  (wo  of  the  tublunstt  objects  in  na- 
ture—-the  expanded  heavtns  nod  the  ex- 
panded ocean.  The  snn,  indeed,  rose  and 
set,  and  tlie  moon  waxed  and  waned  in  the 
fiimtment,  while  the  stars  at  other  times 
elobbed  their  little  mites  of  light,  and  shone 
like  lamps,  tntpended  from  Uie  sphares  to 
gnide  the  mariner  on  his  watery  way ;  yet  so 
strangely  is  human  natore  oonstitated,  that 
even  chaoges,  pleasing  in  themselves,  and 
involving  the  ivblime  of  material  pheno- 
mena, become  from  habit  trite  and  Cumliar. 
The  poet  Thootsoo,  in  the  CasUe  of  Indo- 
lence, introduces  the  phrase  *'  rndtmekoly 
and  who  can  doubt  that  the  epithet 


main 


M  very  happily  chosen  ?  Vastneas,  whether 
on  the  ocean  or  the  land,  excites  an  inde- 
seribable  feeling  of  weariness,  and  the  sraman, 
be  his  station  what  it  may,  finds  the  best 
and  the  only  antidote  to  ennuis  in  the  fiuth- 
fiil  performance  of  his  9w%rf'6B,j  duties.  A 
ship  at  sea,  and  particularfy  when  bound  on 
a  long  vovsge,  bears  a  strong  resemblanoa 
to  a  garriion  placed  in  a  state  of  siege. 
The  enemy  is  the  elements)  the  helm  and 
the  hull,  the  sails  and  the  cordage  to  say 
nothing  of  the  gallant  hands  Uiat  guide 
them— the  battleoMnts  and  ammunition  that 
keep  him  out ;  and  who,  that  has  heard  the 
windt  rave,  and  the  ocean  boil,  till  the  main- 
mast rocked  like  a  billow  in  the  braese, 
would  ever  think  of  slumbering  a  moment 
at  his  post  ?     The  natural  instinct  of  self^ 

E reservation  forms  an  admirable  auxiliary  to 
uman  authori^}  the  oaptain*s  honour  is 
at  stake,  but  so  is  the  life  of  the  meaaast  of 
his  crew  t  and  hence,  a  ship's  company,  hi 
moments  of  danger,  appear  to  be  animated 
by  the  same  soul,  and  act  as  if  their  brawny 
limbs  and  arms  were  members  of  the  mma 
giant  body.  Those,  who  have  only  seen  a 
tar  on  land,  a  spendthrift  and  a  harle<)uia 
by  turns,  have  but  a  frint  idea  of  his  rsal 
coaracter.  The  moment  the  anchor  Is  fidrly 
weighed,  and  the  cliffs  of  old  Albion  recede 
from  view,  his  moral  nature  is  so  completely 
transformed,  that  in  place  of  the  asoat 
thoughtless,  he  becomes  the  most  anxloua 
of  human  beings.  Isthewatchtobeehai^ed? 
Let  the  signal  be  given,  even  in  a  whbper, 
and  in  a  moment  idl  his  conseioosness  ra- 
tums  {  in  a  moment  he  throws  off  the  sound- 
est slumbers,  as  if  nature  required  no  sn^ 
refreshment)  and  beguilea  the  hours  of  duty 
or  danger  by  humming,  or  listening  to  the 
simple  melodies  of  his  native  land.  At  other 
times,  he  thinka  of  the  fiwr  and  fkir  eouattiea 
whither  he  b  bound— of  the  oregrses  4he 
gallant  ship  is  making— of  ttie  gewBsous 
sights  and  soeaes  that  await  him— ec  the 


fM 


RsTiBW.— JTecfioiJ  Warlu. 


cwiMitiet  he  vmj  fmrchMe— the  gift*  fae 
wQl  feci  tocb  prwle  is  bettcrwiD^,  thoaU  He 
]iv«  to  retiiit  tJie  Uppy  home,  to  which  be 
it  •ttachcd,  bj  tiei  eren  tenderer  than  thoM 
of  blood.  Aod  wheD  the  ontwud  mage  b 
eofliiiletedy  ead  the  homewmrd  one  b  bcgmiy 
bow  BMoy  deliehtliil  astirirationt  dance 
tfaroogb  his  mind,  and  thrill  bis  inmert  toiil 
with  Joy!  When  the  welcome  found  if  giTcn 
•  land  a- bead/  aod  that  land  <  Engbnd/  the 
nuHtinni  esdted  repay  a  tboutaodfeld  the 
longest  periods  of  privation  and  toil.  Ixm- 
don»  with  its  endless  array  of  streets,  pslacce, 
ehorehes,  monmnenta,  towers— glesmiog  in 
the  rays  iA  the  morning  son,  ere  the  ear  is 
deafened  with  the  wildering  din  of  iU  mnlti- 
todinons  pffpniatioa— old  fether  Thames, 
bearing  on  tiis  bosom  the  concentrated 
wealth  of  Asia,  Africa,  Europe,  and  Ame- 
rica; a  forest,  in  short,  of  masts,  that 
brines  all  the  ends  of  the  earth  into  com- 
monion,  and  serves  all  the  purposes  of  a 
raccession  of  arches,  each  rivalling  the  di- 
mensions of  the  rainbow— cliffs,  venerable 
from  their  antiqciity  in  the  fore-ground,  with 
smiling  villas  and  villages  in  the  rear,  form 
a  succession  of  sights,  or  rather  one  mag- 
nificent whole,  which  no  man  can  look  on 
without  emotion;  and  although  the  poor 
sailor  may  be  only  an  integer  in  tlie  mighty 
sum  of  this  world's  arithmetic,  his  character  is 
ennobled  by  the  dangers  be  has  encountered, 
and  he  paces  the  deck,  or  he  trips  along  the 
quay,  uke  one  who  is  conscious  that  he 
breathes  the  atmosphere  of  freedom,  and  feels 
that  he  b  evei^  inch  a  man.  And  when  the 
ship  b  laid  up,  and  a  furlough  granted,  how 
gladly  he  flies  to  hb  native  vale,  to  imprint  a 
kiss  on  the  lips  of  hb  feitbfnl  Sue,  andgrasp 
the  homy  hand  of  every  crone  and  gaffer  in 
tlie  village;  to  relate  the  marvels  he  has 
seen  or  heard ;  to  wander  by  the  side  of  the 
brawling  burn,  where  grows  the  try  sting  tree^ 
feirer  in  his  eyes,  than  the  banana  itself, 
and  slake  his  thirst  from  the  pellucid  foun- 
tains, wliere  he  '  laved  hb  youthful  limbs,' 
or  floated  his  tiny  bark  of  yore  !" — p.  133. 

There  are  Tarioua  other  passages, 
worthy  for  the  beauty  of  the  sentiment 
of  Washington  Irving ;  and  to  be  added 
to  these  arc  some  beautiful  incidents 
of  Natural  History,  interesting  anec- 
dotes (some,  as  or  Gretna  Green  ad- 


m 


reuturers,  particularly  so),  forming  i 
the  whole  a  delightful  miscellany. 


1 .  Medicine  tio  Mystery,  By  John  Morri- 
son, M,D,  cmdA,B,  Trinity  College,  Dub- 
in,    London,  Svo,fp»  105.  1899* 

8.  On  the  Digestive  Organs,  By  William 
Cooke,  M.H.CJS.  Sec  HJS,  Editor  qf  an 
Abridgment  qf  MovgagnL  Londoth  Sue. 
;V>*800.  1R98. 

0.  Atmospherical  Origin  t^f  Epidemic  Dtior- 


den^Hedik,  wUk  pe/mlv  Bala,  4». 
By  T.  F«raier,  JT.  A  FXS.  M.AJ5.  ^ 
ifc  CheLmrford,  fp.  SIC.  1889. 

4.  A  ParnUmr  Trmiiteom  Navan  AgetSmu, 
i(c.  Third  Editkm.  By  B.  J.  Siefc»> 
son,  M.D.  issa  Lsmim^  Itaw.  m. 
144. 

THIS  list  of  booka  is  a  conidcnUe 
addition  to  the  DomenNU  treatises 
which  ba%-c  been  alrcadj  published  npoa 
popular  medicine.  Some  jtan  since, 
three  years  in  the  schools  weiecoasi- 
dered  sufficient,  by  pcofcsson  and  au- 
thors, to  qualify  physicians  to  enter 
upon  the  practice  of  medicine ;  bm 
now  from  four  to  Btc  years  are  jodned 
necessary  for  the  attainment  of  the  in- 
dispensable elementary  kiMMrlei%e  for 
a  deg;ree,  and  absolutely  reqoiied  hf 
university  statutes  almost  efor  where. 
Even  then,  it  u  not  prelendea  (baft  an 
academical  education,  ihos  omplc^ 
either  can  send  forth,  or  b  acant  to 
send  forth,  men  of  full  piaclical  capa- 
bilities, like  Minenra,  foil  armed  fiom 
the  head  of  Joire.  Bat  it  is  expected, 
with  diligence  and  application  *'  in  a 
right  course,"  u|)on  the  part  of  the 
student,  to  lay  those  sound  aod  in- 
dispensable foundations— that  broad 
a  DO  liberal  basis,  upon  wbieb,  with 
future  observation  of  cases  and  read- 
ing, that  part  which  the  Fmioh 
term  the  ** pratique *\m»y  be  laised. 
The  theory  and  practice  of  medicine 
within  these  five  years  have  been  !■»- 
mensely  changed  and  extended  fay  the 
addition  of  new  ftcts  and  new  views. 
Cullen's  First  Lanes,  which,  as  a  broad 
and  luminous  generalization  of  the 
lavvs  of  medicine,  was  once  a  guide  as 
universal  among  men  as  Blackstone 
aoMug  lawyers,  is  now  'sorreodeied  to 
dust  and  cobwebs,  position  afier  posi- 
tion having  broken  down,  or  been 
subjected  to  so  many  qualifications  and 
exceptions,  by  increased  experience 
and  more  minute  and  accnrate  inveitt- 
gation,  that  the  utility  of  the  greilt 
systematist  of  medicine  is  no  nore. 
This  progress  of  medicine  has  been 
owing  chiefly  to  the  extraotdhiary 
vigour  of  the  French  ^  pathologishi, 
especially  in  investigating  the  dis- 
eases of  the  chest  and  bnun,  and 
considerably  to  the  new  fiMls  acquired 
during  the  war  by  our  navjr  and  ftnny 
surgeons,  and  thoi9  physicians  and 
surgeons  in  civil  practice  who  hoot 
cuUivaied  morbid  anatomy  more  parti- 
cularly.   Surgery  having  so  advanced 


laM] 


KMrimw.^^BMkal  W&rki^ 


itr 


at  lo  be  aloMtC  a  new  viencev  ond  a 
more  liberal  sjtteni  of  surgicil  edoca* 
tion  than  formerly  being  demandctl  bj 
the  progrctt  of  the  tge,  two  liriiitn 
colleges  now  require  four  and  five  years* 
education  in  the  tchoob  and  hotpitalt, 
of  all  candidates  for  their  diplomas  or 
licenses,  while  one  only  disgracefully 
adheres  to  the  old  system  of  two  win- 
ters' instraetion,  an  allotment  of  time, 
scarce  sufficient  for  acqnirinp;  the  most 
beggarly  rudiments  of  medical  know- 
ledge, and  admirably  suited  to  fill  the 
cooniry  with  inferior  and  under-taught 
persons, — those  "  ha{f  surgeons,*'  as 
C'hurchill  calls  them,  "  whom  men 
dociors  call." 

If  no  more  than  a  fair  starting  stock 
of  knowledge  can  be  acquired  by  sys- 
tematic and  exclusive  application  in 
five  years,  there  can  be  no  question 
what  sort  of  doctors  amateurs  and 
march  of  intellect  men  are  like  to  make 
by  merely  reading  popular  treatises; 
just  such  doctors,  we  presume,  as  will 
always  verify  the  old  saying,  that, 
''every  one  who  prescribes  for  himself 
has  a  fool  for  his  physician.**  Fine 
work  even  retired  doctors  and  surgeons 
make  of  it,  whose  knowledge  has 
dwindled  by  rust  and  neglect !  Of 
two  retired  surgeons  whom  we  knew 
in  one  village,  one  mistook  his  own 
case,  both  in  cause,  prognostic,  and 
treatment,  and  quicklv  dispatched  him- 
self out  of  the  woria ;  and  the  other 
contributed  principally  to  the  death  of 
his  own  child,  in  the  same  btunderine 
and  self-sufficient  manner ;  so  difficuu 
is  the  art  of  medicine,  and  so  perpe- 
tually do  the  faculties  require  to  be 
kept  alive  to  it.  Yet  every  fool  sets  op 
for  an  oracle  in  physic;  for  physic  and 
poking  the  fire  are  every  man's  know- 
ledge in  his  own  opinion.  There  have 
been  no  end  to  conceited  dabblers,  and 
Lady  Bonntifuls,  from  the  reign  of 
Henry  VIII.,  when  all  the  women  in 
the  country  clamoured  for  the  right, 
and  obtained  it,  to  dispute  the  neld 
with  the  surgeons,  to  the  present  time. 
The  books  entitled  "  Every  man  his 
own  lawyer,**  have  produced,  it  is  said, 
a  neble  fist  of  ruined  clients  and  lost 
suits,  and  Buchan's  "  Domestic  Medi- 
cine," has  the  credit  of  having  created 
a  wholesale  destroction  of  lives.  We 
remember  an  accomplished  judge,  now 
no  more,  who  turned  physician  to  his 
own  family.  His  daughter  was  sebed 
with  cholera ;  he  turned  over  Fetnber- 
ton  on  the  abdominal  viscera,  and  pre- 


scribed aatriogenu  prteiielj  wImi  he 
should  have  prcacribrd  pargativea.  He 
aacertained,  by  comparing  the  symp* 
torot  with  descriptions,  that  the  dia* 
ease  corresponded  to  the  family  of  Di* 
arrhceas,  but  as  diarrhoeas  depend  on 
several  diflferent  causes,  and  aa  oaoses 
and  seats  can  be  detected  only  by  the 
minute  perceptions  of  the  anatomise 
and  physiologist,  his  lordship's  general 
koowlrage  of  the  nature  of  the  disease 
led  him  at  once  to  random  practice, 
and  dangerous  aggravation  of  the  case. 
Ill  physic,  above  all  things  else,  a  little 
learning  is  a  dangerous  thing. 

In  one  way,  however,  jndicioos  trea* 
tises  on  popular  medicine  are  of  ser- 
vice.  When  they  explain  the  com- 
plexity of  structure,  and  the  endlesa 
variety  of  the  seats  and  canses  of  dia- 
eases  and  the  difficulty  of  diacriminat* 
inff  them,  they  teach  men  to  distrust 
hjuf-educated  pretenders  and  quacks, 
acting,  indeed,  upon  their  senses,  like 
uking  a  bandage  from  the  ma  of  a 
blindfold  man  on  the  brink  oi  a  preci- 
pice, and  disclosing  the  headlong  de- 
stroction to  which  he  is  exposed.  A 
book,  written  with  Cobbett's  force 
and  perapicuity,  to  prevent  people  from 
injuring  themselves,  and  receiving  in- 
jury from  others,  and  pointing  out  to 
them  how  you  may  go  so  far  and  no 
further,  and  there  ?ou  must  not  oo  at 
all,  would  be  valuable.  Beddoes 
stronglv  recommended  '*  a  cautionary 
system  '  of  this  kind,  and  no  man  was 
so  well  qualified  as  that  popular  and 
nervous  writer,  had  he  lived  to  under- 
uke  it.  Popular  lectures  have  been 
given  with  this  view  in  this  country, 
with  effect.  The  Mechanics'  Insti- 
tutes are  a  good  medium.  People  think 
more  correctly  on  medical  suojecti  in 
France  than  iu  England,  partly  throiigh 
the  number  of  secondary  schools  of 
medicine  in  the  larger  towns,  which 
excite  inquiry  and  diffuse  information 
all  arounJ  them ;  and  thus  destroy  cre- 
dulous confidence  in  humbugs,  quacks, 
and  nostrums. 

The  works  under  review  are  rtriont 
in  style  and  matter,  according  to  the 
different  tastes  and  views  taken  of  the 
subject,  and  proper  mode  of  instroe- 
tion,  by  the  autnort.  Dr.  Morriaoo't 
work  is  of  a  more  philosophical  nature, 
and  fittest  for  the  grave  and  scieoce- 
seeking  cast  of  readers.  It  givet  a  ge- 
neral outline  of  the  structure  and  phy- 
siology of  the  human  body,  and  of  its 
diseases  and  their  treatment,  his  "  ob- 


598 


Rbvibw.— AUen*$  Panorama  of  London. 


[Jiitie» 


ject  being  merely  to  induce  educated 
persons  to  take  a  ^neral  view  of  the 
principles  of  medical  science,  by  re- 
moving the  veil  of  obscurity  and  mys- 
tery which  has  so  long  been  thrown 
over  them.** — p.  77*  His  Introduction 
is  very  important.  He  asserts,  and  we 
know  it  to  be  true,  that  in  this  coon- 
try,  **  five-sixths  of  the  practice  of  the 
m«lical  art  are  engrossed  by  the  igno- 
rant and  empirical  part  of  the  medical 
practitioners,  by  the  illiberal  retailers 
of  drugs  and  nostrums**  (that  is  drug- 
gist-surgeons, or  counter-jumpers,) 
"  gross  and  ignorant  dabblers,"  *'  dos- 
ing empyrics,"  "  miserable  country 
apothecaries,**  and  "  routine  men,"  {ro' 
turiers)  principally  from  the  partialities 
of  ladies  and  landladies  for  such  peo- 
ple, and  the  ignorance  of  the  other  sex 
on  subjects  of  medicine. 

«  I  do  not  remember,"  he  mjs,  *'  to 
bare  met  with  one  man  of  education  and 
general  information,  who  possessed  any  just 
ideas,  or  useful  knowledge  of  medical  sub- 
jects,— at  least  in  the  British  Empire.  On 
the  continent,  th'is  ignorance  on  physical 
subjects  is  not  so  extensive,  and  I  have  met 
with  some  well-educated  men  in  France,  in 
the  army  and  other  profsssions,  who  pos- 
sessed some  knowledge  of  the  science  of 
lifo."— pp  xviii  — ix. 

Mr.  Cooke*s  work  on  the  Digestive 
Organs,  is  a  collection  of  instructive 
cases,  illustrative  of  every  variety  of 
disease  connected  with  them,  and  emi- 
nently well  calculated  for  general  prac- 
titioners, of  which  heterogeneous  oody 
the  author  ofthe*' Abridgment  of  Mor- 
gagni  **  is  a  hard-working  and  superior 
member. 

Dr.T.  For8ter*s  "  Illustrations  of  the 
Atmospherical  Origin  of  Epidemic 
Disorders  of  Health,**  relate  to  ''  pes- 
tilential, continued  and  intermitting 
fevers,  headaches,  and  numerous  forms 
of  nervous  and  dyspeptic,  as  well  as 
local  diseases,  not  usually  considered 
as  having  an  atmospherical  origin,  and 
to  the  twofold  means  of  prevention, 
mitisation  and  cure,  by  change  of  air, 
and  by  diet,  regularity,  and  simple  me- 
dicines :  with  proper  rules  for  observ- 
ing fasting  and  abstinence.*'  He  is 
the  author  of  a  very  interesting  and 
useful  volume,  the  Encyclopedia  of 
Natural  Phenomena,  and  numerous 
other  works;  and  the  essay  now  be- 
fore us,  displays  the  physician  and  na- 
turalist, the  man  of  learning  and  cu- 
rious observation.  There  are  true  and 
false  observers ;  and   Dr.  F.  is  of  the 


•» 


first  order.  Of  the  tingalar  inflo- 
enon  of  the  atmosphere  on  the  ha- 
man  frame  which  he  hat  noticed,  we 
have  seen  and  noted  down  many  kin- 
dred examples. 

Dr.  Stevenson's  "  Familiar  Trea- 
tise'* is  deservedly  placed  the  lowest 
in  the  list;  the  famliariiy  being  such 
as  breeds  contempt.  It  has  no  claim 
to  rank  with  the  books  which  precede 
it.  The  doctor  is  a  waj^;  hit  **  hxot 
is  physic,  and  his  phytic  a  farce  it.** 
Of  the  very/amt/tar  and  collocjuial  at- 
pect  of  his  wit,  the  following  is  a  spe- 
cimen : 

**  Digestion  also  is  assisted  by  taking 
small  quantities  of  food  at  a  time*  by  whim 
the  excitability  of  the  stomach  b  never  ex- 
hausted, and  this  is  particulaily  necessary 
in  weak  stomachs ;  altnonsh  in  the  healthy 
state  of  this  organ,  we  agam  repeat,  there  is 
nothing  equal  to  a  rtguXar  <  tuck  aui:*  it  is 
far  preferable  to  pecking  every  now  and  then ; 
and  a  healthier  chyle  is  the  oooMqiience.^' 
p.  87. 

^  *' Third  Edition ,"howeverf  it  on  the 
title-page,  the  lovers  of  fun  and  Pierce 
Egan-isms  being,  we  suppose,  nume- 

lOUt. 


The  Panorama   qf  London;  oTf  Visitor** 
Guide,    By  T.  Allen,  Author  of  [fitstory 

THIS  excellent  and  original  little 
Vade  Mecum  it  embellithed  with  75 
views,  very  well  drawn,  and  engraved 
oil  steel  by  J.  Rogers.  Among  these 
will  be  found  all  the  new  public  baild- 
ingt.  From  previont  attention  to  his 
larger  work,  Mr.  Allen  wat  well  fitted 
for  the  compilation  of  this.  He  has 
evidently  taken  much  pains,  to  con- 
dense so  much  information  into  so 
small  a  compass.  In  proof  of  this,  we 
shall  select  an  extract  from  this  otefnl 
publication,  as  the  best  condensed  ac* 
count  of  the  New  Churches  of  the 
Metropolis  we  have  yet  seen.  We  be- 
lieve it  comprizes  most  of  the  churches 
built  under  the  direction  of  the  Com- 
missioners, and  views  of  many  of  them 
have  been  given  in  our  Miscellany, 
with  full  descriptions  and  critical  re- 
marks by  a  very  able  correspondent 

"In  the  year  1818,  a  eomoussieii  was 
appointed  by  roval  patent,  pnrsaaBt  to  a 
previous  Act  of  nrliament  for  building,  and 
promotingthebaildingof,additioaaIchnrcfaeB 
m  populous  parishes.    The  eonasinionais 


1830.] 


BsviiWi^-Allent  PoMrawc  of  Lomlom* 


5tt 


and  chapeb  in  London  nod  its  hnwdiiU 
neighbourhood,  and  no  tioM  was  loat  in 
ctrrylng  tha  nropoied  maaiurat  into  eflvct. 
Previoot  to  Um  pariiamantary  comnitMioo, 
a  chapel  of  eaaa  had  been  etadad  in  thn 
New  Koad,  for  the  paroh  of  Mary-U-Boiti, 
which  waa  aftanrarda  enlarged  and  raieed  to 
the  dignity  of  a  pariah  ohnreh ;  a  tower  was 
•nbttilotod  far  a  tinall  enpolai  a  portico 
wiih  tia  Corinthian  columns  added  to  ita 
front ;  which  wat  extended,  and  Mireral  other 
alteratioot  made,  under  the  direction  of  Mr. 
Hardwick,  the  architect. 

Soon  after  the  completion  of  the  last  edi- 
fice, the  new  church  of  iSC.  PoHeratt  in  Ta- 
vistock-plaoe,  Euston* square,  New  Road, 
the  most  expensive  of  the  new  churches,  waa 
erected.  It  wss  consecrated  May  7th,  1  &«i. 
It  was  erected  br  Mr.  In  wood,  and  b  built 
in  imitntioo  of  tne  ancient  temple  of  Ercc- 
theos,  at  Athens. 

Si*  Paul^  ShadweU. — If  economy  in  the 
expense,  correctness  of  design,  and  elegance 
of  execution,  are  recommendations  in  a  pub- 
lic building,  this  church,  rebuilt  in  the  vear 
1820,  under  the  direction  of  Mr.  John  Wal- 
ters, would  stand  at  the  head  of  edifices  { 
since,  although  it  cost  only  14,000/.,  yet 
the  building  is  simply  neat  and  elegantly 
chaste.  Tm  steeple  b  peculiarly  beautifiif, 
and  in  the  simple  harmony  of  its  several 
parts,  soarcelv  yblds  to  the  most  admired 
object  of  the  kind. 

The  new  chapel  at  MiU'End,  in  St^poev 
parish,  b  by  the  same  architect  as  Shadwafl 
church,  and  it  was  the  first  built  by  the 
king's  commissioners.  The  first  stone  was 
laid  by  tlie  late  Duke  of  York,  on  tlie  1 7th 
of  June,  1818,  and  it  was  consecrated  on 
the  9th  of  January,  1893.  The  architec- 
ture is  Gothic,  of  the  time  of  Henry  VII., 
and  it  is  perhaps  one  of  the  best  modem 
specimens  iu  the  country. 

AU  Souit  Chureh,  at  the  comer  of  Lsng- 
ham-plaoe  and  Retent-straet,  erected  firon 
designs  by  Mr.  Nash,  b  a  very  singular 
butldinsr.  It  has  a  circular  portico,  sup- 
ported by  twelve  Corinthian  columns,  above 
which  b  another  colonnade  of  the  Corin- 
thian order,  surmounted  by  a  spire.  Mr. 
Wesull's  painting  of  *<  Christ  crowned  with 
thorns^**  forms  the  altar>piece. 

Si.  Mary,  Hofgerstwte,  in  Shoreditch,  in 
the  Gothic  style,  was  also  built  from  this 
gentleman's  designs,  and  dbpbys  the  versa- 
tility of  hb  talent  I  the  tower,  in  imiution 
of  6oston,  is  a  very  pleasing  object  in  the 
neighbourhood. 

Hanover  Chapd,  RtgaU-Ureeit  a  beautiful 
composition  of  Grecian  architecture,  on  the 
model  of  the  frmed  St.  Stephen's,  In  Wal- 
brook,  from  the  designs  of  Mr.  Cockerell, 
has  attracted  much  notice  for  the  elcsance 
of  its  arrangement  and  decorations.  It  has 
a  dome  and  portico  of  fbnr  Ionic  columns, 

Gemt.  Mao.  June,  1 S50. 


alUr  the  Itnpla  of  MiMffm  Miii,   nt 
Prieni. 

Sl  Peter,  PirnUn,  the  aiehitoel  of  wUeb 
was  Mr.  HakawtlU  and  St,  Mark's  Ckaptif 
North  AudUy-Ureet,  Urosvanor-sqaaiOt  kj 
Mr.  Gtndy,  are  sitoalad  in  the  sane  parbn 
as  the  bat  (St.  George,  Haaovtr-aqoari^  % 
both  are  eWgimt  Grecian  structofta  of  the 
Ionic  orders  the  former  b  dbtbgubhed  by 
its  handsome  portico  of  six  flotad  colonna, 
and  contains  Mr.  Hilton's  msgnificent  poaal- 
ing  of  *'  Chrbt  bearing  hb  cross." 

SL  Philip**  Chapei,  RegetU-HreH,  waa 
built  in  18S1,  by  Mr.  RapiUMi,  afker  a  des^a 
of  Sir  Wm.  Chambers.  The  exterior  has  a 
portico  of  four  columns,  and  the  interior  b 
yieey  richly  fitted  up  with  Scagliola  columaa, 
and  a  domed  ceiling. 

Si,  Mary,  H^ywlham-Uaee,  Bryanstona- 
squara,  was  consecrMed  January  7ih,  I8i4. 
It  b  a  simple  and  subatantial  edifice,  ertcted 
by  Mr.  Smirke,  and  is  capable  of  accommo- 
dating 8000  persons.  The  principal  front 
consists  of  a  semi -circular  portico  of  Ionic 
pillars  in  high  relief.  The  interior  is  alasoaft 
entirely  divested  of  ornament  {  and  tlie  roofy 
which  b  covered,  b  supported  by  fiutad  Do- 
ric pillars.  Over  the  altar  is  a  painted  win- 
dow of  the  Ascension,  the  figure  of  Christ 
being  taken  from  that  ic  the  traosfiguratioB 
bv  Raphael  I  and  at  the  extremity  of  the 
church  is  a  fine  toned  organ. 

By  the  same  architect  the  new  churches 
in  the  more  dbtant  parbhes  of  Hackney  and 
Hafidsttxrth  have  been  erected.  The  dmigna 
ars  very  similar  to  the  bst,  and  are  marked 
by  the  same  severity  of  style  which  charac- 
terises the  works  of  this  gentleman. 

St.  Peter,  Haiwvrth,  consecrated  8 8th  of 
February,  1895,  was  the  first  church  built 
by  J.  Sonne,  Esq.  prufessor  of  arohbectoea 
in  the  Royal  Academy.  The  interior  b  elo- 
gantly  fitted  up,  and  has  three  wnnlowi  o£ 
stained  glsss,  executed  by  Mr.  Collins.  The 
centrs,  being  a  head  of  our  Saviour,  alicr 
Carlo  Dolci,  was  presented  by  —  Futh, 
Esq.  I  and  the  others,  which  represent,  ia 
duaro-scuro,  events  in  the  life  of  St.  Peter, 
afUr  Raphael,  were  the  donations  of  the 
architect. 

Trinity  Church,  Mary -le' Bone,  near  the 
Diorama,  and  St.  John*s,  Betknall-green, 
were  also  cbsigned  by  Mr.  Sonne,  but  are 
very  littk  varied  from  Walworth,  aAirdiBg 
a  contrast  to  the  versatility  displayed  by  Mr. 
Nash. 

Chriu  Oiureh,  Mary^e-Bem,  near  Lb-« 
son  green,  is  a  very  good  imitation  of  the 
architecture  of  Sir  Qirbtopher  Wren.  It 
was  built  by  Mr.  Hardwick  \  and  the  same 
gentlemen  also  desigoad  Si.  Barnabas  Cham 
pei,  a  plain  edifice  in  King-sooare,  Goswell- 
road,  in  the  Gothic  style,  which  has  lately 
become  so  prevalent. 

St.  Lake,  Chelsea,  by  Mr.  Savage,  b  par- 
ticularly destrvlog  of  atteatioa{  its  stooe 


7 


530        RBViBW.<»Bannister*8  Humane  l^o/try«— Gam«  Lau}$^      [JuM, 

vAulted  roof  and  magnificent  organ  and  altar- 
piece  are  unrivalled  among  modern  speci- 
mens. The  altar-piece  is  Mr.  Westmacott's 
painting  of  **  our  Saviour  laid  in  the  se- 
pulchre." 

St,  Johriy  Upper  HoUoway,  and  St.  PauVs, 
Ball's  Pond,  in  Islington  parish,  are  lighter, 
but  very  beautiful  specimens  of  this  elegant 
style ;  both  these  churches  were  designed  by 
^lr.  Barry,  the  tasteful  architect  of  Brigh- 
ton new  church. 

St.  Mark,  PenionvilU,  and  Somers-toivn 
Chapel,  are  not  entitled  to  hold  an  equal 
runic  with  the  last-named  structures. 

In  the  parish  of  Lambeth  five  additional 
churches  have  been  built,  being  a  greater 
number  than  in  any  other  parish  near  Lon- 
don. St.  Matthew,  Brixton,  by  Mr.  Por- 
den,  is  a  chaste  and  elegant  Grecian  build- 
ing, of  the  Doric  order,  with  a  portico  of 
four  noble  fluted  columns.  Of  the  others, 
three  ate  the  work  of  one  architect,  Mr. 
Bedford,  vh.^St.  John,  Waterloo- bridge- 
roail.  This  church  has  a  handsome  portico 
of  six  columns,  of  the  Grecian  Doric  order, 
and  a  lofty  and  handsome  spire.  The  font, 
of  Italian  workmanship,  was  brought  from 
Milan  by  the  rector.  Dr.  Barrett. — St. 
Luke,  Norwood.  A  plain  edifice,  with  a 
portico  of  the  Corinthian  order,  and  St, 
Mary,  [St.  George's]  Lambeth  Butts,  which 
is  a  plain  Gothic  structure. 

St.  Mark,  Kennington,  built  by  Mr.  Ro- 
per, has  a  four-columned  portico,  of  the 
Greek  Doric  order. 

St.  John,  Hoxton ;  Trimly  Church,  New- 
ington  Butts ;  St.  George,  Camberwell ;  Re- 
gent-square  Chapel,  Sidmouth-street,  Gray*s- 
inn-lane;  and  Camden-toun  Chapel,  are 
plain  and  respectable  structures,  in  which 
the  accommodation  of  a  large  congregation 
at  the  smallest  outlays  has  been  the  chief 
consideration. 

A  handsome  new  church,  in  the  Grecian 
style,  is  nearly  completed  in  Bermondsey 
parish,  from  the  designs  of  Mr.  Savage.  U 
has  a  lofty  tower  and  spire,  surmounted,  like 
Bow,  with  a  dragon,  and  a  handsome  por- 
tico of  the  Ionic  order.  By  the  same  gen- 
tleman, Trinity  Church,  in  Cloudesly-square, 
Islington,  a  beautiful  Gothic  church,  and 
Hans-town  Chapel,  at  Chelsea,  in  the  same 
style,  are  in  a  state  of  forwardness.  A  Go- 
thic church,  in  Bishopsgate  parish,  is  the 
only  one  erected  within  the  limits  of  the 
city.  lu  Kensington  parish  two  new  Gothic 
churches  are  in  progress,  but  neither  are 
completed. 


South  ffalet,    Bvo.  pp.  «40.  Appendix 
cclxxxii. 

IT  appears  from  history,  that  where 
aborigines  are  savages,  exterroinalion 
is  forced  u|>on  settlers,  because  they 
6nd  it  impossible  to  civilize  them  ;  and 
put  in  practice  the  Roman  policy, 
"  parcendi  devictis  et  debeltandi  super- 
bos."  The  reason  is  the  thinness  of  the 
population.  Mr.  Doheil,  in  his  Tra- 
vels in  Siberia,  says,  "The  cuUivation 
of  the  ground  will  never  be  attended 
to,  until  the  country  becomes  peopled, 
and  the  chase  less  advantageous.  A  peo- 
ple, who  are  content  to  eat  dried  fish 
instead  of  bread,  and  can  catch  in  a  few 
days  as  many  as  will  serve  them  for 
the  winter,  cannot  l>e  easily  weaned 
from  that  mode  of  life.  In  the  winter^ 
if  they  have  good  luck,  ihey  catch  as 
many  sables  and  foxes,  as  will  procure 
them  watky,  tobacco,  and  tea;  and 
they  are  perfectly  indifferent  lo  every 
other  Inxiiry .**—!.  52.  The  wan  with 
the  American  Indians  have  originated 
through  curtailing  their  deserts  for 
hunting,  and  of  course  narrowing 
their  means  of  subsistence;  while,  ia 
Hindostan,  where  there  was  an  agri- 
cultural and  dense  population,  there 
have  been  no  other  disturbances,  than 
such  as  grew  out  of  misrule,  or  politi- 
cal jealousies.  The  aborigines  have 
amalgamated  themselves  with  the  con- 
querors spontaneously.  The  native 
state  of  society  in  a  new  colony  will, 
therefore,  show  what  may  be  expected 
to  ensue  between  the  aborigines  and 
settlers.  Mr.  Bannister,  however,  very 
properly  says, 

"  We  mutt  bstruct  the  mitivet;  convert 
them  from  herdsmen  to  ogricuUurists ;  and 
buy  firom  them  the  lands,  which  by  having 
become  agriculturists,  they  wiH  well  and 
readily  spare.  All  this  will  enable  us  to 
settle  amongst  them  as  sincere  friends  and 
useful  neighbours." — ^p.  90. 

So  far,  so  well.  Be  it  so.  But  til- 
lage implies  hard  and  constant  work, 
which  savages  detest;  and,  as  they 
are  prone  to  thieving,  they  commit 
depredations,  and  make  irruptions. 
These  must  be  resisted,  and  so  com- 
mences war,  and  its  concomitant  evils^ 


Humane  Policy  ;  or  Justice  to  the  Aborigines 
€>f  New  Settlements  essential  to  a  due  expen- 
diture of  British  Money,  and  to  the  beU 
interests  of  the  Settlers,  ffith  suggestions 
how  to  civilize  the  Natives  ly  an  iwproi'ed 
administration  of  existing  mtOKS.  By  S. 
Bannister,   late  .Attorney -General  in  Xew 


Remarks  upon  the  suggested  aUeraHons  ^the 
Game  Laws,  with  a  new  propoealfir  their 
Amendment.  By  a  Student  if  LanoobCt 
Inn.     Bvo.  pp.  35. 

IT  may  appear  |)aradoxical  if  we 
affirm  that  the  G^iiue  Lfws  have  an- 


1830.] 


RiviBw.-*-WiflfiBn's  Totio.— Dobeli's  Travelt. 


6S1 


ciently  been  of  gmt  tervice  to  toeietj ; 
but  whoever  pnilotophically  contidert 
the  habits  ofthe  A  mericao  Indians, and 
a  large  part  of  Russia  (see  our  HeTiew 
of  Mr.  Bannister's  Humane  Policy)  will 
find,  that  sporting  propensities  (because 
a  man  who  can  gain  a  livelihood  by 
ibdulgence  of  them  will  not  work)  re- 
urd  civilization  and  agriculture ;  and 
that  if  anciently  there  had  been  no 
restriction  imposed  upon  that  indul- 
gence, society  would  have  been  far 
more  oppressed  than  it  now  is  with 
lazy  vagabonds,  who  would  otherwise 
have  been  industrious  labourers.  The 
true  way  of  striking  a  balance  upon 
the  question  is  not,  therefore,  what 
may  lie  the  consequential  crimes  of  re- 
sirtclion  of  poaching,  but  of  the  prac- 
tice itself  which,  in  our  opinion,  is 
the  greater  evil  of  the  two.  It  forms 
for  life  a  troublesome  vaffranf,  who 
commonly  turns  thief.  The  prohibi* 
tion,  therefore,  (as  it  often  has,)  may 
prevent  an  honest  man  from  becoming 
a  rogue.  But  he  may  not  think  so, 
from  an  idem  of  a  right  of  following  an 
animal,  because  it  isjera  nalurm.  This 
is  absurd,  because  it  cannot  be  exer- 
cised without  committing  a  trespass; 
and  that  privilege,  under  a  svstem  of 
private  properly,  is  inadmissible.  Now 
to  our  author's  proposal,  p.  S?.  It  is 
this ;  that  a  certain  compensation  be 
afforded  to  the  unqualified  for  the  loss 
they  may  sustain  by  the  maintainaoce 
of  that  from  which  they  derive  no  be- 
nefit, and  that  such  damages  be  recover- 
able in  a  summary  way,  by  proof  before 
magistrates?  It  is  unouestionably  true, 
that  a  small  landholoer  may  have  hit 
arable  crop  devoured  by  a  neighbour- 
ing gentleman's  hares  or  pheasants, 
and  that  such  an  injured  person  is  en- 
titled to  compensation.  We  fully  agree 
with  our  author  in  that  point,  and 
think  that  it  ought  to  enter  into  the 
contemplation  of  all  persons  who  pro- 
uQse  alterations  in  the  Game  Laws. 
Nevertheless,  the  great  annoyances 
among  the  inhabitants  are  the  poach- 
ers by  profeation.  Even  the  loss  sus- 
tained by  the  poultry  which  they  steal, 
and  by  the  fences  which  th^  mjure, 
is  vexatious;  and  tbe  idle,  drunken, 
and  otherwise  bad  and  lawless  exam- 
ple which  they  set  to  the  other  poor, 
IS  a  Mrious  civil  evil. 


Tastt>*$  Jerustltm  Dthvned.  Ttwulatedbi/ 
J.  H.  Wiffeo.  %  toU,  l8mo.  Loogman 
«/«/  Co. 


Mr.  J.  H.  Wifien't  tfamlatioo  of 
Ttiso's  Jerusalein  Delivered  hatjntl 
reached  a  third  edition  t  a  tuccesa  which 
the  merits  of  Mr.  Wiffen  well  dcienre. 
His  first  edition  is  noticed  in  our  vol. 
xci.  ii.  p.  241.  The  present  hat  been 
carefully  revised  throughout»  and  it 
may  now  be  iustly  ranked  as  a  truly 
classical  translation.  A  judtciont  lira 
of  Tasso  is  prefixed  \  to  which  it  added* 
a  curious  list  of  such  of  the  English 
Nobility  and  Gentry  as  went  to  tbe 
Crusades.  Each  canto  is  ornamented 
with  a  very  spirited  engraving  in  wood. 

Mr.  VVifien  resides  at  Froxfield  in 
Bedfordshire,  and  is  librarian  to  the 
Duke  of  Bedford.  In  his  dedication 
to  the  Duchess  of  Bedford,  he  thtit 
describes  his  happy  lot : 

«  Not  in  dim  dungeoos  to  tba  elaak  of 

cbaios,  [spent. 

Like  ud  Torqnato's,  have  tha  boors  baao 

Given  to  tbe  song  {  but  in  bright  bdb,  where 

reigns  [btnl, 

Uncumbered  Freedom,— with  s  asiod  na- 

By  walks  in  woods,  green  dells,  and  pastonl 

pUtDS, 

To  sound,  hx  oiF,  of  village  aserrimeat : 
Albeit,  perchance,  some  springs  whereTaeso 

drew 
His  sweetest  tones,  have  tooched  my  splril 

[too." 

And  thus  beautifully  Mr.  Wiffen 
concludes  his  pleasant  task,  tpetkiiig 
in  his  own  person : 

•  «  •  • 

'<  This  peaceful  home,  this  garden,  where 

tbe  bee  [bave  more 

Hums  of  Hvmettos,  and  thMe  wooda. 
Of  stirring  music  than  those  cold  day  dreaass 
Of  airy  &me  and  praised  Pierian  streams. 

To  him  who  lives  as  Wisdom  woold  rsqniri. 
As  Doty  wooes,  and  as  the  Virfues  claua. 
Time,  if  it  robs  the  Poet  of  his  lyre, 

Bestows  a  bliss  beyond  the  wreath  of 
&ine,— • 
Fruits,  that  refresh  the  spirit,  and  inspire. 
The  immortal   yearning,    and   that   purer 
flame,  [heaven. 

To  quicken  which,  until  they  blend  with 
The  mortal  Poet  and  tbe  Lyre  were  given." 


Traveli  in  Kamchatka  ami  SOeria :  with  a 
Narrativt  tf  a  rendenee  in  China,  My 
Peter  DobeU,  CounatUor  q^  the  Court  ^ 
his  Imptfial  Mtdttiy  the  Bn^enr  ofiUu* 
sia,    9  nob.  po$i  8ro. 

FEW  people  like  to  be  sent  either 
to  Coventry  or  Siberia.  The  first  maj 
imply  only  the  disagreeable  seosatioti 
of  being  lo  public  opinion  rr»y/A«ro- 


532        Rev  IB  w. — Dobeirs  Travels  in  Kamchatka  and  Siberia.     [June^ 


<Popcif  but  the  latter  adds  to  didcomfort 
a  Robinson-Crusoeiscn,  which  its  sub- 
jects may  not  be  capacitated  to  endure. 
Nevertheless,  great  mistakes  exist  on 
this  Russian  punishment,  and  we  much 
doubt  whether  ladies  and  gentlemen 
would  tK>t  be  as  miserable  in  the  He- 
brides as  in  Siberia,  because  we  do 
not  believe  that  in  the  former  islands, 
no  more  than  in  the  latter  continent, 
thej  know  how  to  make  ice  and  snow 
delicious  by  intermixing  cream,  sugar, 
and  fruits.  An  "  Exile  to  Siberia"  is 
however  the  matter  which  has  most 
brought  that  country  into  notice,  and 
one  which  shows  how  transportation 
may  be  made  an  excellent  instrument 
of  Reform  ;  we  shall  first  extract  our 
Author's  accounts  of  it. 

*'  Behind  a  large  body  of  meadows,  on 
the  declivity  of  a  hill,  exposed  to  the  south, 
we  saw  several  jourtas  (huts)  beautifully  si- 
tuated, and  on  inquiry,  I  was  informed  that 
they  contained  a  colony  of  banished  men, 
sent  thither  by  order  of  the  Government. 
They  appeared  very  well  off,  having  com- 
fortable  dwellings,  cattle,  &c.  They  cer- 
tainly had  few  luxuries  ;  but  with  common 
industry,  living  on  the  hanks  of  a  river, 
abounding  with  fish  and  game,  and  where 
there  were  good  soil  and  fine  pastures,  they 
could  never  want  for  the  necessaries  of  life, 
:un)e8s  too  indolent  to  procure  them.  Those 
people  call  themselves  Possellemies,  or  Co- 
lonists, and  are  styled  in  Siberia  Keshchast- 
nie  Loodie,  or  unfortunate  people  ;  no  ba- 
nished man,  though  he  be  a  convict  of  the 
wQrst  description,  l^eing  ever  called  in  that 
country  by  a  name  that  can  wound  his  feel- 
ings, so  as  to  remind  him  of  crimes  for  which 
he  is  already  supposed  to  have  been  punish- 
ed, or  degrade  him  in  the  opinion  of  the 
public.  This  shows  not  only  very  sound  po- 
licy, but  a  proper  delicacy  of  the  Governors 
towards  the  feelings  of  these  poor  people  j  a 
delicacy  highly  commendable,  as  by  throw- 
ing a  veil  over  their  past  crimes,  they  not 
only  make  them  forget  what  they  have  been, 
but  induce  them  to  emulate  the  very  many 
examples  before  them  of  retrieved  criminals, 
who  have  become  honest,  industrious,  good 
subjects." 

**  Banishment  to  such  a  country  as  Si- 
l>eria,  then,  is  certainly  no  such  terrible  in- 
fliction, except  to  a  Russian,  who,  perhaps 
of  all  beings  upon  earth,  possesses  the 
strongest  attachment  to  the  soil  ou  which 
he  grows—Uking  root,  like  the  trees  that 
surround  him,  and  pining,  when  transplanted 
to  another  spot,  even  though  it  should  be 
t<»  a  neighbouring  province  better  than  his 
own.  Too  much  praise  cannot  be  bestowed 
on  the  humane  syatem  adopted  by  the  Rus- 
sian Government  in  saving  the  lives  of  cri- 


miiuds,  without  distioction,  and  transport- 
ing them  to  Siberia,  to  augment  tlie  popula- 
tion of  a  fine  eountry  much  in  want  of  ioha- 
bitants,  where  their  morals  are  ttrictlj 
watched,  and  where  they  soon  become  osefui^ 
good  people." — i..  335. 

The  next  extract  shows,  that  some 
of  them  are  employed  in  useful  la- 
bours ;  the  profits  of  which  arc  applied 
to  the  aid  of  hospitals,  and  other  pub- 
lic institutions.  By  prohibiting  private 
sale,  no  injury  is  done  to  tradesmen. 

**  There  is  one  immense  large  brick  build- 
ing, not  figir  from  the  little  river  Oushakof- 
skoy,  where  I  found  the  workshops  of  the 
exiles.  In  that  large  range  one  sees  joiners, 
carpenters,  carriage-makers,  saddlers,  bUck- 
smiths,  and  in  short  all  sorts  of  tradesmen, 
busily  occupied,  and  all  provided  with  com- 
fortable appartments,  clean  clothing,  and 
wholesome  food.  From  this  we  passed  to 
the  cloth-factory,  the  contemplattOD  of 
which  afforded  me  much  pleasure,  when  I 
recollected  that  those  beings  before  me,  who 
were  once  the  victims  of  depravity,  exhi- 
bited no  longer  any  thing  to  inspire  me  with 
the  idea  of  their  having  ^n  criminals.  All 
was  gaiety  and  cheerfulness.  There  I  satr 
men,  women,  and  children,  all  industriously 
employed  in  weaving,  spinning,  carding, 
picking  wool,  &c.  They  were  ammged  in 
several  large,  clean,  warm,  and  comfbruble 
apartments;  and  they  really  appeared  aa 
contented  as  any  labourers  I  ever  saw;  for 
they  looked  fat  and  healthy." 

y  The  cloth  is  made  from  the  wool  and 
hair  of  the  Buretta  sheep,  camels,  and  gnats. 
It  stands  the  Government  in  about  a  rouble 
the  arohin,  and  sells  for  two  roubles.  This 
profit,  after  paying  the  expenses  of  the  ma- 
nufactory, leaves  a  surplus  that  is  nsed  to 
furnish  the  hospiuls,  and  for  other  laudable 
purposes.  Such  an  institution  does  honour 
to  any  country ;  nor  can  there  be  a  more 
praiseworthy  application  of  the  industry  of 
those  exiles,  thau  that  which  operates  to 
relieve  the  sick,  the  fiitherleas,  and  the 
widow." — ii.  91. 

Upon  this  extract  we  shall  make 
some  remarks.  These  exiles  are  gay, 
cheerful,  fat,  and  healthy.  The  truth 
is,  that  perpetual  employment  ia  essen- 
tial to  happiness.  Under  disease,  the 
punishment  of  Providence,  people  can 
do  nothing.  If  foreign  countries  make 
criminals  earn  more  than  their  main- 
tenance, and  give  their  profits  to  the 
public,  we  do  not  hesitate  to  say,  that 
there  is  folly  in  the  great  expense  al- 
inched  to  our  modes  of  punishment. 
Kvcry  man  in  business  who  employs 
a  labourer  or  a  horse,  derives  a  profit 


1830.]     ReviBW.— Dobeirs  rrcoclf.— Fuller's  Tour  in  Ihrke^.       633 


from  to  doing*  and  who  would  keep 
either,  if  he  did  not  do  to  ?  The  eer- 
tainty  of  e&emption  from  famine, 
known  to  criminalt,  and  the  pretended 
punishment  of  thuttiug  them  op  in 
idleneti  (perhaps  deemed  a  holiday), 
are  not,  accorcfinfl;  to  St.  Paul's  role, 
that  if  a  man  would  not  work,  neither 
should  he  eat. 

The  Clan  quarrels  of  antiquity  are 
reckoned  among  the  srossest  tokens  of 
barbarism ;  and  justly  so  2  but  they 
were  indispensable,  in  terrorem^  tell- 
protecting  measures,  where  there  was 
no  national  police.  In  Domesday  Book 
(6  Herefordshire)  it  is  suted,  « tnat  if  a 
Welchnian  killed  a  Welchman,  the 
relatives  of  the  deceased  assembled,  and 
plundered  the  murderer  and  his  rela- 
tives, and  burned  down  their  houses, 
until  the  body  was  buried  on  the  mor- 
row about  mid-day,  and  that  the  King 
had  a  third  of  the  plunder,  and  the 
others  the  resL*'  Now  what  is  called 
Alfred's  Leet,  still  practised  in  Greece, 
as  noticed  under  our  Review  of  Col. 
Leake's  Morea,  is  only  a  modification 
of  this  custom  (fine  being  sobatituted 
for  violence),  and  both  the  one  and  the 
other  appear  to  have  been  effective,  as 
to  conservation  of  the  peace ;  for  our 
author  says, 

**  He  aMursd  ow,  at  the  Mme  time,  there 
WAS  no  daogitr  of  mj  beggage  or  for  him  ; 
*  lioee  theee  KArackecs,'  Mid  he,  '  know 
thet  1  am  related  to  the  Rein  deer  Karackce 
Cbiefii,  who  paae  here  frequently ;  and  they 
dare  not  offrr  any  violence  to  me,  for  liMr 
of  having  it  repaid  to  them  tenfold*.'* — i.  148. 

*'  The  Karackees  catob  deer  in  the  tame 
manner  at  the  Sooth  Amerioane  do  oattle» 
by  the  Uusoo  or  thong  with  a  ooose.*'  i.  108. 

**  The  KamtchatiUlet  are  excellent  judges 
of  weatlier,  and  can  tell  twenty-four  or  thirty- 
six  hours  before  hand,  whether  it  will  rain 
or  not.*'     i.  87. 

The  secret  of  this  knowledge  seems 
to  depend  upon  out-door  employments, 
whicii  compel  observation  of  atmo- 
spheric appearances,  on  account  of  per- 
sonal comfort.  The  most  ignorant 
people  are  the  most  weather  wise. 

Bows  and  arrows,  precisely  upon  the 
principle  of  spring  guns,  with  a  string 
and  a  trigger,  are  set  to  catch  bears. 
— i.  186. 

Many  important  natural  advantages 
remain  useless,  until  a  country  becomes 
peopled,  and  the  inland  communica- 
tions are  brought  to  perfection.— ii.  18. 

The  nuisance  of  rats  mayj  our  au- 
thor says,  be  abated  thus : 


«  That  then  an  rate  in  the  megiTJaa  U 
Ochotsk  and  Kaartohatka,  araaes  from  their 
not  having  been  properly  boilt.  The  floon 
and  ceilings  should  be  either  composed  of 
solid  square  biroh  logs,  laid  close  topHthar, 
or  eUe  lined  with  sheet  iron.  Their  getting 
into  the  transports  b  owing  to  the  negleei 
of  the  eommanders,  who  do  not  take  tha 
necessary  precautions  to  pravent  them }  or 
if  they  get  in,  surely  a  good  smoking  woaM 
destroy  them  Ui  a  few  hoars." — il.  87. 

How  far  the  latter  mode  of  extirpa- 
tion may  be  practicable  we  know  not; 
but  this  we  have  ascertained,  that  their 
holes  of  communication  are  made  in 
the  angles  of  rooms,  between  the  ceil- 
ings and  floors,  and  that  placing  a 
piece  of  sheet  iron  across  the  holes,  naa 
occasioned  them  to  desert  the  house. 

The  Chinese  have  two  curious 
arousemenu,  playing  at  shutile-cock 
with  the  feet,  and  fighting  cricketa  aa 
we  do  cocks. 

Thus  we  have  given  some  specimens 
of  the  curious  matters  to  be  found  in 
this  wurk.  Robinson  Crusoe  is  said 
to  be  the  best  work  of  fiction  ever 
written,  and  so  extraordinary  are  the 
hair-breadth  escapes  and  ingeniotis  con- 
trivances of  the  author,  tnat  we  hare 
suspected  him  to  have  written  a  ro- 
mance imitative  of  the  novel.  How- 
ever, he  assures  us,  "  that  he  has  clear- 
ed his  account  as  much  as  possible 
from  the  colouring  of  fiction**  (Pref. 
vi).  We  therefore  think,  that  in  ex- 
pedients, perseverance,  and  preteooe 
of  mind,  under  difficulties  and  dangers, 
few  men  have  been  his  equals.  Tlie 
adage 

"  Tu  ne  cede  malis,  sed  contra  aodentior  ito," 

has  not  been  more  exemplified  by  sbif^ 
wrecked  mariners,  and  the  hero  of  the 
Odyssey  did  not  exceed  him  io  pra- 
dence  and  oMinagement. 

NarroHw  of  a  7Wr  through  mme  Parti  ^ 
the  T\irkish  Bmpirt,  By  John  Fdltr, 
Esq.    Bvo.  pp.  6tf0. 

HE  who  gains  no  accession  to  his 
understanding  by  travelling,  is  a  bee 
who  brings  home  no  honey;  and  he 
who  does  not  relate  what  he  hM  leen 
is  a  man  who  lays  in  a  stock  of  wine 
for  his  own  drinking  only.  What 
pleasure  or  what  instruction  nay  be 
derived  from  knowledge  of  foreign  re- 
mains, what  aceeasiont  may  be  made 
to  commerce  and  the  arts,  wfiat  illot- 
traiioos  may  be  afforded  to  phtloaophy 
and  history,  what  effect  particular  in- 


534  Rbvibw. — Fuller's  Tour  through  Parts  of  Turkey.      .  [Jatie^ 

slitutions  and  manners  have  upon  cha- 
racter and  social  well-being,  what  na- 
tural obstacles  are  easily  surmounted, 
these  and  many  similar  valuable  results 
are  attached  to  the  knowledge  of  foreign 
countries.  To  enumerate  particulars 
is  unnecessary,  for  every  thing  exotic 
that  is  intermingled  with  our  arts  and 
our  commerce,  shows  that  it  must  (to 
let  off  a  truism)  have  originated  in  fo- 
reign intercourse.  Our  own  country 
is  an  especial  proof;  what  have  we 
that  is  aboriginal  ?  Nothing  that  we 
know  of,  but  Celtic  visages  and  con  form- 
ations to  be  found  in  \Vales,  for  every 
thing  else  has  a  counterpart  elsewhere. 

Mr.  Fuller  modestly  states  that  his 
object,  as  a  traveller,  was  simply  to 
amuse  himself;  but  as  he  has  com- 
mitted to  writing  his  observations,  he 
has  of  couYse  made  a  drawing  which 
others  as  well  as  himself  are  edified  by 
beholding.  He  has  accumulated  a 
vast  mass  of  matter,  which  in  general 
is  uncommonly  interesting,  and  the 
more  so,  because  it  is  delivered  in  au 
unostentatious  manner.  As  in  inte- 
resting conversation  knowledge  is  ac- 
quired without  the  fatigue  of  study, 
and  that  knowledge  is  of  far  higher 
moment  than  Mr.  Fuller's  diffidence 
allows  to  it.  For  instance,  what  an 
excellent  illustration  of  the  New  Tes- 
tament is  afforded  by  his  simple  unas- 
suming narrative  of  his  adventures  and 
sights  on  the  banks  of  the  Jordan  and 
the  sea  of  Tiberias. 

We  shall  first  notice  some  of  these. 
The  apostles  ofien  mention  bringing 
people  on  their  way.     Mr.  F.  says, 

**  Here  we  halted,  and  took  leave  of  a 
numerous  party  of  friends,  who,  according 
to  the  ancient  custom  of  the  East,  had  ac- 
eompanied  us  thus  fiur  on  our  way." — p.  50. 


We  read  of  the  children  of  Israel 
being  beaten  for  not  making  up  their 
Quotas  of  bricks.  It  appears  that  at 
the  present  day  workmen  of  the  Pacha 
of  Iigypt  are  under  the 

'*  Vigilant  superintendance  of  Albanian 
taskmasters,  who  stand  by  with  long  sticks 
in  their  hands,  which  they  apply  without 
ceremony  to  every  loitering  operative."— 
p.  184. 

At  Siout,  Mr.  Fuller  found  the  Go- 
vernor, according  to  ancient  custom^ 
sitting  at  the  gate. — p.  171. 

The  following  geographical  descrip- 
tion excites  the  strongest  interest : 

<<  It  took  us  nearly  two  hours  to  climb 
Mount  Tabor,   the  road  being  very  bad. 


stony,  and  entangled  with  the  brushwood 
and  thickets,  which  cover  the  sides  of  the 
mountain.  The  view  from  the  top,  how* 
ever,  well  repays  the  trouble  of  the  ascent. 
On  the  north,  the  stony  hills  of  Nazareth 
are  separated  from  the  mountain  by  a  nar- 
row woody  valley ;  to  the  north-east  are 
the  plains  of  Galilee  ;  and  the  lake  of  Tibe- 
rias is  seen  through  the  intervals  of  the 
hills  which  skirt  its  shores.  To  the  east- 
ward a  succession  of  swelling  downs  extends 
to  the  plains  of  Jordan,  and  the  view  it 
closed  in  that  direction  by  the  mountatni  of 
Gilead.  Southward  Mount  Hermon  u  se^ 
parated  from  the  twin  mountain  by  a  valley 
in  which  we  are  told  was  situated  the  vil- 
lage of  Endor,  where  Saul  eontulted  the 
Sibyl ;  and  beyond  it  are  the  mountains  of 
Gilboah,  where  he  perished.  The  wide 
plain  of  Edraclan  or  Jezreel  spreads  out  to 
the  south  and  west,  until  closed  by  a  cham 
of  low  hills,  which  extend  in  a  carve  from 
Napolosa  to  Mount  Camel.  At  the'  foot 
of  Mount  Tabor  the  little  village  of  Debo- 
rah preserves  the  name  of  the  Israelituh 
heroine,  and  near  it  are  the  springs  of  the 
river  Kishon,  on  whose  banks  she  over- 
threw the  hosts  of  the  Amoritet,  and  where 
in  like  manner,  in  onr  timet,  a  bandfbl  of 
Frenchmen  from  Acre  routed  the  whole 
army  of  the  Pasha  of  Damascvs.  The  re- 
mains of  a  massive  wall  can  stall  be  traeed 
all  round  the  level  ground  at  the  top  of  the 
mountain,  which  at  some  period  or  other 
seems  to  have  been  strongly  fortified.  In 
the  middle  is  an  open  space  covered  with 
beautiful  turf,  where,  on  the  anniversary  of 
the  Transfiguration,  the  Christians  of  the 
neighbourhood  assemble  nnder  tents,  and 
pass  two  or  three  days  in  festivity.  Three 
small  grottoes  mark  the  spot  where  they 
suppose  the  miracle  to  have  taken  place« 
and  these  they  iogeniouslv  conjeoture  to  l>e 
the  three  tabernacles,  whksh  the  apoatlea 
proposed  to  build."— p.  310. 

Some  insulated  rocks  between  Ta- 
baria  and  Lubli  are  pointed  out  as  the 
spot  where  the  miracle  of  the  loaves 
and  fishes  was  performed.— p.  306. 

How  improved  would  paintinjgfl  of 
scriptural  subjects  be,  if  they  iocloded 
views  of  the  scenery  on  the  spot  ? 

The  apples  of  Sodom  have  externally 
the  appearance  of  an  apple,  or  rather 
perhaps  of  a  peach  ;  but  the  thin  skiu 
instantly  breaks  under  the  touch,  and 
nothing  is  found  therein  but  a  small 
quantity  of  powder. — p.  2g9, 

The  formation  of  ttie  Dead  Sea  it 
thus  explained : 

'Mt  is  an  old  and  indeed  an  obvioos  no- 
tion, that  the  Jordan  originally  flowed  into 
the  Red  Sea,  and  that  its  course  being  sud- 
denly stopped  by  some  great  convulsion  of 
nature,  it  formed  this  buin  for  itself  in  the 


18S0.] 


RnriEW ^^^Archeohgia,  VoL  ixiiL  Pwri  i. 


535 


pUiM  of  Sodon.  Tbc  &el  wffmm  ooa* 
firmtd  bj  Um  rtMarohM  of  Sh«ik  Ibnhia» 
who  traced  lb«  «act«Bt  chAooel  from  tho 
•ouiherm  •xtrtmity  of  the  Uke  to  AImIm, 
the  encieot  Eiioa  Geber,  et  the  heed  of  the 
eettern  breoch  of  the  Red  See  {  end  it  he* 
been  coojectared»  with  greet  eppeefence  of 
probebilityt  thet  the  effect  was  produced  bj 
•  Te«t  tonent  of  leve,  or  other  volceoic 
metter,  pouring  itself  into  the  bed  of  the 
river»  end  forming  e  dem,  which  erreated 
the  fiirther  progreM  of  the  ttreem." — p.  999. 

We  shall  now  adrerl  to  lome  other 
curious  subjects. 

It  took  Mr.  Fuller  a  quarter  of  an 
hour  to  walk  round  the  base  of  the 
barrow  of  Alyattcs.— p.  5(). 

Sitting  cross-legged  and  bare- footed 
enables  a  Turkish  artificer  to  make  his 
feet  as  useful  to  him  as  a  second  pair 
of  hands. — p.  8?. 

Nothing  it  more  common  than  fi- 
gures of  nymphs  carrying  vases. 

"  The  groups  of  women  goinc  to  feteh 
water  form  a  striking  feature  io  the  scenery 
of  the  Nile.  Thirty  or  forty  of  them  are 
frequently  seen  walking  in  single  file,  and 
at  regular  distances  to  and  from  the  rhrcr, 
each  with  a  jar  on  ber  head,  and  another  on 
the  palm  <if  her  hand.  From  the  necessity 
of  presenring  their  balance  in  this  mode  of 
carrying  burdens,  to  which  they  are  from 
their  childhood  habituated,  these  Egyptian 
peasants  acquire  a  firmness  and  grace  of  step 
which  we  see  scarcely  excelled  in  the  sa- 
loons of  our  polished  cities.  Their  erect 
attitude,  simple  drapery,  and  slim  figures, 
increased  in  apparent  height  by  the  pitchera 
on  their  heads,  give  them  at  a  distance  a 
very  classical  appearance,  but  if  you  ap- 
proach the  Naiads,  yon  find  them  pale, 
dingy,  and  eoiaciated."^p.  las. 

Of  the  site  of  Tro;,  Mr.  Fuller  says 
**  that  it  is  difficult,  if  not  imjpouible, 
to  reconcile  the  narrative  of  Homer 
with  modem  appearances.*' — p.  Il6. 

The  females  on  Greek  statues  have 
not  their  legs  formed  according  to  our 
taste.  It  seems  that  at  Mycons  a  stout 
leg  is  thought  a  beauty.— p.  621. 

We  assure  our  readers  that  the  work 
is  full  of  the  most  gratifying  informa- 
tion, and  we  only  regret  that  our  scanty 
limits  prohibit  oar  giving  a  more  am- 
ple eahibition  of  it. 

^rek^nlogia,  Fol,  xxnL    Pari  t. 

WE  shall  take  the  articles  seriaiim* 
I.  Account  of  a  sepulckrai  Monu* 
meni  in  ike  Campo  Santo  at  Pint, 
with  Observations  on  the  disputed  DaU 
nftkat  Building.  By  Sydney  Smirke, 
Esq.  F.S.A. 


We  are  decidedly  of  opinion  that 
the  roond-beaded  Saxon  atyle  b  no 
more  than  debased  Roman,  and  that, 
in  the  words  of  Mr.  Hagg^t,*  '*  point* 
ed  architecture  did  not  exiac  in  Europe 
previous  to  the  Crusades,**  and  that  it 
IS  a  distinct  eastern  style.  It  it  aa 
reasonable  to  suppose,  that  a  grey- 
hound could  be  bred  out  of  a  bull-dog, 
as  the  slender  Gothic  from  the  stumpy 
Saxon,  or  Norman,  as  some  antiqtia- 
ries  have  it ;  though  it  cannot  be  made 
out  that  the  Normans  had  any  distino* 
live  style  whatever.  To  as  it  appeart» 
therefore,  a  huge  absurdity  to  deduce 
the  origin  of  Goihic  architecture  from 
fanciful  hypotheses,  when  the  very 
styles  themselves  as  clearly  denote 
their  respective  origins,  as  elephanta 
and  stags.  The  debased  Roman  ia 
neither  more  nor  less  than  a  corrup- 
tion of  the  Grecian,  in  the  lower  em- 
pire :  and  Mr.  Hamilton  in  his  £gyp- 
tiaca  observes,  that  the  form  which  we 
call  Gothic,  is  no  other  than  the  ordi- 
nary architecture  of  the  Saraceiit  be- 
fore and  during  the  Crasades.f  Sir 
Christopher  Wren  was  of  the  same 
opinion.  It  matters  not  that  ingeniooa 
and  learned  men  have  made  Gothic 
architecture  a  favourite  subject  for 
mooting.  The  respective  pedigrees  of 
the  two  distinct  styles  are  as  clear  and 
satisfactory  as  those  relative  to  peer- 
ages or  estates. 

The  RomanoTum  opus  is  used  by 
Bede  to  characterize  an  Anglo-Saxon 
church,  and  the  Basilican  form ;  and 
existing  remains  of  the  ages  of  Con- 
stant! ne,  Dioclesian,  and  Justinian, 
are  records  which  prove  the  affirma- 
tion. In  the  same  manner,  there  are 
remains  of  pointed  architecture  actu- 
ally existing  in  Syria,  Palestine,  and 
Egypt,  historically  attested  to  he  ante- 
rior to  the  Crusades.  If  both  stylet 
do  occur  in  the  same  English  build- 
ings, and  all  the  dates  of  such  build- 
ings be  known,  it  cannot  be  said,  be- 
cause a  man  and  his  wife  are  one  Beth, 
that  they  had  both  the  same  parents ; 
nothing  was  more  common  than  to 
blend  tne  styles  by  repairs  and  altera- 
tions. As  to  Pisa  in  particular,  we 
know  this.  The  PiMns,  wK^n  the 
Crusades  first  took  place,  fitted  out 
smaller  vessels,  loadea  with  provisions, 
which  they  sold  to  the  Crusaders ;  and 
brought  back  columns,  sculptures,  baa- 

*  Letters  oa  Gothte  Arebiteeture,  p.  9i. 
t  iegypiiaca,874.— HaggiUyp.  109. 


596 


'REViKW.'^Archaologia,  Vol,  xjtii.  Pari  u 


CJ 


reliefsy  ice,  ffom  ancient  Greece.  At 
the  foundation  of  their  Cathedral  in 
1016,  they  obtained  Greek  artista,  and 
among  the  rest,  one  Bouchet  of  Duli- 
cbiom.  That  work  brought  pupils  to 
Bouchet,  who  built  in  forty  years  more 
St.  John's  at  Pisa,  and  Sl  Martin's  at 
Lucca.  From  Bouchet  and  his  pupils 
issued,  in  less  than  another  century, 
other  architects.*  Such  is  the  history 
of  architecture  at  Pisa,  and  to  the  cir- 
cumstances there  stated,  we  ascribe  all 
the  anomalies  which  have  occasioned 
so  much  contention.  One  word  more. 
It  is  wrong  to  make  the  pointed  arch 
any  denotation  of  sra,  for  it  occurs  in 
the  ruins  of  Babylon,  Tyrins,  &c.  and 
is  neither  more  or  less  than  a  most  an- 
cient form  of  arch,  formed  by  making 
two  stones  lean  together  at  their  heads.f 
In  thus  boldly  uttering  our  conviction, 
that  the  Saxon  and  Gothic  are  of  un- 
connected families,  we  shall  doubtless 
excite  the  anger  of  those  who  wili  have 
them  to  be  Saxon  and  son,  Or  more 
properly,  from  the  lighter  style  of  the 
Gothic,  Saxon  and  daughter ;  but  we 
reply, 

"  IgDorare  jubei  ?    Mene  huic   confidere 
monstro  ?" 

I I .  Obscrvaiions  on  Ihe  round  Church 
Towers  of  Norfolk.  By  Mr.  Samuel 
Woodward,  of  Norwich. 

The  writer  states  his  conviction  that 
they  were  built  in  this  fashion  through 
necessity,  in  consequence  of  the  ab- 
sence or  freestone  in  the  soil ;  and  can- 
not be  ascribed  to  the  styles  of  cither 
Saxons,  Danes,  or  Normans. 

III.  Observations  on  the  Ecclesias' 
tical  Round  Towers  of  Norfolk  and 
Su/folk.  By  John  Gage,  Esq.  F.11.S. 
Director. 

Mr.  Gngc,  rejectina;  the  ascription  of 
theie  lowers  to  the  Danes,  as  unsup- 
ported by  evidence,  conceives  that  there 
IS  but  one  of  ihcm  which  is  more  an- 
cient than  the  twelfth  century;  and 
that  one  not  earlier  than  the  Norman 
time,  lie  thinks  it  highly  probable 
Ihut  thry  were  imitations  of  the  mili- 
tary round  tower,  and  thot  they  were 
disiisnl  from  bring  found  not  well 
ndnptcd  lor  brIU.  Now  it  is  well 
knttwn  that  church- towers  were  the 
villngr  loitrx'ssrs,  and  Norfolk  and 
SullitIK  bring  niniitimr  counties,  we 

♦   HnwUy**  Art*,  U.  ,'M»({  —jiOfi. 
I    It  iM^tMiiii  Ml  ibii  INmniuU,  8cc.    Sea 
\\w  s\r\%  oiltiUiM  nfSiuiitl^ii  Athens,  vol.  iv. 
(     \s\\u\.  Ml  \U\\\%t  |»   ;■!•  |»1.  IV.  ful.  I. 


think  with  Mr.  Gage,  that  militaiy 
purposes  might  hare  influenced  the 
form,  but  that  the  disuse  might  hare 
been  caused  by  the  cessation  of  inva- 
sions. 

IV.  Petition  of  Richard  Trougkion 
to  the  Privy  Council.  Commanicated 
by  Frederic  Madden,  Esq.  F.A.S. 

Poor  Richard  Trpughton  (whQ  or 
whence  unknown)  had  got  into  a, 
scrape  concerning  his  political  coo-: 
duct,  at  a  very  hazardous  period,  and 
hands  to  the  Privy  Council  a  lon^ 
string  of  details  al>ont  his  innocence, 
the  accusation,  he  says,  having  been 
trumped  up  by  an  enemy  named 
Wimbersley.  The  period  alluded  to 
was  the  interregnum  between  the  no-, 
minal  usurpation  of  the  martyred  Lady 
Jane  Grey,  and  the  real  accession  of 
the  martyring  Mary;  and  the  chief 
bearing  of  the  present  contemporary, 
paper  is  to  show  the  state  of  popular 
feeling  at  the  time.  To  express  our- 
selves in  the  manner  of  Fuller  (a  wri- 
ter whom  we  like,  because  he  is  en- 
tertaining, and  because  his  wit  is  corn-* 
monly  the  offspring  of  strong  sense,) 
the  people  seem  very  honestly  to  have 
thought  that  Maiv,  like  £mu,  had 
been  cheated  out  ot  her  birlh-right  by 
a  very  unworthy  Jacob,  Northumber- 
land. Of  poor  Lady  Jane  herself,  they 
seem  to  have  known  nothing;  terror 
made  them  cautious,  but  could  not 
restrain  curiosity ;  and  the  manner  in 
which  they  angled  for  news  (there  be- 
ing then  no  Journals)  is  very  amusing. 
Tyranny  is  instigated  by  fear,  and  the 
alarm  of  a  magistrate,  and  the  suffer- 
ing of  a  |)oor  fellow  for  beine  indis- 
creetly communicative  of  a  plain  mat- 
ter or  fact,  shows  the  state  of  internal 
government  at  that  time.  Troughtdn 
says,  that  they  met 

**  One  Stephen  Aroore,  a  man  of  NottiDg-^ 
ham,  com  jDg  from  Stamfford,  dryviog  liuraes 
lodden  with  clothe  beffor  hyme.  And  I 
asked  hym  from  whence  he  came,  and  he 
said,  oute  of  Northefolke.  And  I  inqnyred 
of  hyme,  what  newes  there,  and  he  said; 
newes  that  he  durste  not  speake  of.  I  de*- 
mannded  of  hym  whye,  and  he  said,  that  h6 
was  trobled  by  a  Justice  of  Peace  for  talliiig 
of  newes  (wherfrir  he  dorste  tell  no  mo). 
And  I  said,  good  £ellowe,  we  too  ar  gentyl- 
men,  and  honeste  men  bothe,  wherfore  I 
desyer  the  to  tell  qi  those  trewe  newes  thou 
knowesty  and  we  wyll  never  hnrte  the  inrlle 
we  Ijve.  Whemppon  ihe  iayd  ■  Stepnea 
tolde  us  thai  he  teas  xite  m  ihe  ttockt,  as  I 
remember  at  Stonystonton,  or  elle  shalda 
have  byne,  bycause  lie  tolde  ther  that  the 


18M.] 


Rbtibw.— ifreWafo^,  V<d.  gxiii.  Part  u 


«fiV 


h*  VM  IkmmmIm  to  U  funiieoMyag  to  u- 
•«w  At  aH  tymm  to  the  mb«.'*— p.  17. 

In  p.  39,  w€  find  the  nickniiai«  of 
BoM^e,  applird  to  the  iMurping  Earl  of 
Warwick,  Duke  of  NorthQUkberlaod* 

**  I  pmyd  oAm  ty«M»  to  Ood,  to  diflM 
ftlia  QiMii«'»  Ma***  froon  Bovga*  Rktaaiiig  the 
«rarU  tyianaia  tha  Vara  a(  Wanrika  tha 
vUla  Traauroota  Duka  of  NorthombcrlaBd, 
for  XTJ  dayet,  and  aftanraidi  hit  giaoa  •bald 
ba  taiSa  for  av'  i  for  hir  Maiattfta««Hn  thoM 
dayaa  thabia  hava  naa  aaoagka  aanaast 
Bovgga,  tha  Vara." 

The  explanation  of  this  nimc  it  not 
supplied.  Perhapa  it  it  oothiog  more 
ihao  BoguT,  a  lxig)e,  goblin,  or  bug- 
bear— a  tubaiaative  made  out  of  the 
verb  b9mgep  tot  well  out,  or  tlie  Anglo- 
Saxoo  boguifjaciart.  See  Cotgrave,  v. 

We  have  a  curious  relic  of  the  old 
Druidical  Miioo  of  boii6rea  with  reli- 
gion, in  p.  49. 

<«  UpoB  thonday  tiia  sixth  of  July,  I  dyd 
ryd  to  8^  Joba  Haryngtoo,  aad  so  wbona 
to  aiyn  owna  house.     Aad  isMdyatW  alkar 
■qr  coas^M  «hoa»,  ooe  ThooMs  Trda  of 
Coltaswattba  caoia  sodealy  iato  my  booscs 
m  Joha  Buddt,  my  wife  aod  I  latt  dmk- 
yug,   sod  «*^  his  mootha  sounded   like  a 
tromppete  iij  tyoMs.    And  afterwarde  be- 
caae  the  p'damacion  in  thies  «rorddes : — 
Mary,  by  the  graee  of  Ood,   of  laghuid, 
FVannoe,  aad  IreioBd  Qoeae,  &e.    And  so  I 
rosse  up  from  the  horde,  and  bered  my  bed, 
kaebag  down  beffbr  tbeym  all,  I  said  tha 
Loii's  paayer,  aod  deeyssed  Ood  save  bar 
grace,*  aad  all  tbav  said  Aasaa.    Aad  so 
gave  hyme  oiost  bartie  thaakas  for  bis  godly 
Banes,  sod  eaosed  my  vifa  aad  all  my  may- 
dsas  (for  my  men  war  gooe  to  make  ape 
hey^,  to  eary  wode  to  make  a  bona  iyere. 
And  I  want  to  John  Dore,  than  beiag  coun- 
stable,  and  aom'uaded  hyme  to  owke  a  boaa 
ffr,  that  all  the  Qoeoe's  te'antts  ssygbt 
praise  Ood  for  bis  manrelous  ▼ietary  sad 
mymala  shoved  la  tba  Qaaae's  tsaisstia. 
Aad  I  caused  chykiryB  of  the  ap^ vi^> 
aad  s  yaics  to  caiy  wadde  la  Mt  lyir  fa 
rame'brBBBoa  tharof.  AMialdbasameb 
tf^Tt  I  caused  sO  aiy  milaaBidmike  lobe 
brougbu  foartbe,  aod  weld  sdbr  aoa  of 
mr  aaigbbors  la  ba  ai  aay  abargas  ther, 
ether  ia  vod  or  aay  other  iMag.    Aad  after 
0^  ealM  sad  dryakyage,  I  dasyswd  tbeym 
ell  to  kaelledoeme  aad  gyve  thaakas  to  Ood, 


IX, 

for  a 


for  his  haoorable  victary  shoed  aad  gy  vaa  la 
the  Queaa's  Majcstie.  Aad  so  I  saU  oeraM 
salmss,  aad  prave[d]  <  Ood  save  tha  Qaene, 
and  all  aaswerad  Amaa,  and  so  departed." 


V.  Dranseripi  ^  %n  original  Jtfs 
riai  Jr&m  George  Csiiflaalyiie  io  71a» 
mat  Lard  CromwelL  Couimuoioetcd 
by  Thomas  Amyot,  Esq.  F.R.S.  Trea- 
turer. 

This  George  Conitantine  was  a 
buttling  imrigoiog  feMow,  aod  the 
manotcript  reiatet  chiefly  10  cccletias* 
tical  affiiirt,  partly  to  thoae  connected 
with  the  enactment  of  the  ''  Sis  bloody 
Articles."  In  the  ooune  of  a  diahgiie 
thii  George  tayt, 

"  Kyages'  haartys  are  ia  the  baade  of  Ood. 
He  turaetb  them  as  ha  lusteth."^p.  69. 

Something  of  the  tame  kind  occura 
in  the  Liturgy.  From  hence  was  de- 
rived the  famout  doctrine  of  pattive 
obedience,  because  it  was  pretumed 
that  the  acu  of  Kiogt  were  not  theirs 
but  God's. 

Every  body  hat  read  of  the  Docbeu 
of  Milan*t  reply  to  Henry  VIII.  who 
solicited  her  hand  in  marriage,  viz. 
that  if  the  had  two  beadt  intiead  of 
one,  one  of  them  should  be  at  the 
King's  terrice.  Coottantine  telU  the 
following  ttory : 

<*  Na  sarely  the  eMtlar  ys  broken  of  Mil* 
Isen,  for  she  ys  in  ao  possession  gf  Millaaa, 
nor  hsth  any  omfit  therof.     DtAas.  I  dara 
ssy  Myllsen  oath  cost  mora  good  asen  of 
warre  their  lyres,  then  sre  at  this  boors  ia 
all  Cristendome.    Oxoaoa.  And  wyiit  the 
demsondsth  two  thiagas,  of  which  I  trosl 
shall  aerar  be  graaatad  the  tone.    Dasm. 
What  be  those  ?  Osoaoi.  Mary,  she  wold 
have  the   Kyage  accepu  tha  JKsshnp  of 
Roasa*s  ifispMsstioo.  Dtma.  Thsl  ys  mua^ 
thay  will  aot  nseddle  wHhowt  his  dispeasa 
lioa.    OaoBOB.  Aad  also  they  wold  baaa 
oMgas.    DxAva.  Why  pledges?  Oaoaoa. 
Merr,  ebe  samth  that  the  Kyage's  maaestia 
was  la  so  litis  space  rydde  of  the  Qoenee, 
that  she  dsia  aot  trust  bis  aownaeill,thoi^ 
she  durst  trust  his  Maiaslts.  Forheroowa- 
ceill  saspacteth  theft  bar  mat  aoato  was 
Doysooed  [i,e.  Catheriae]  that  the  seaoad 
lAane  Boleya]  was  iaaocMUlya  pu||odsath» 
aad  the  thiad  Tiaae  Seymoorj  lost  for  lacka 
of  kepU^  ia  bar  child  bad."— p.  61. 


Conataotioe  tayt  that  all  this 
only  roBDOur ;  but  rt  thowi  what  pub* 

lie  opinion   was  concetpiag  Henry's 

•  Thus,  whatever  may  have  baaa  the  first     treatment  of  hit  wives, 
date  of  the  «•  IfoaM,"  the  fkratt  is  qaile  of        ContUoiioe  was  present  at  the  exe- 
aaciam  wse,  as  having  base  kuiiawd  fram     cutioo  of  Ann  BolevUt  aod  ouket  all 
>he  Bible.  the  partiei  ooofcw  their  gotll.    It  was 

OsHT.  Mao.  Jam,  Itao. 

8 


536 


Review. — R-  Montgomery  and  his  Revietcers. 


[June, 


customary  in  those  linici  to  force  the 
suflf  rers  to  do  so. 

To  this  paper  is  annexed  a  long  note 
concerning  Henry's  claim  to  the  au- 
Ihorship  of  the  Reply  to  Luther,  for 
which  he  was  rewarded  with  the  trum- 
pery compliment  of  **  Defensor  fidei," 
a  title,  not  even  new  or  worthy  royal 
rank ;  for  churchwardens  were  deno- 
minated defensores  ecclesiarum  paro- 
chiaiium.  Indeed,  it  may  be  suspected 
that  Henry  only  desired  the  title  from 
a  feeling  of  pride  in  regard  to  a  similar 
title  appertaining  to  the  Emperor.  To 
be  upon  an  equality  with  him,  Henry 
seemingly  wrote,  or  caused  to  be  writ- 
ten this  book,  and  the  fear  of  irritating 
the  Emperor  possibly  occasioned  that 
hesitation  at  Rome,  of  which  Mr. 
Bruce  speaks  so  diffusely.  We  sup- 
pose thus  from  Spelman,  v.  Advocare, 
who  says,  as  literally  translated, 

**  At  the  present  time,  on  his  inaugara- 
tion,  the  Emperor  professes  himself  advo* 
eate  of  the  Church ;  the  King  of  England 
Defender  of  the  Faith;  which  title,  decreed 
by  Leo  X.,  was  at  length  afterwards  con- 
ferred by  a  golden  bull  of  Clement  VI L 
Qpon  Henry  VUL  because  he  had  defended 
the  Roman  Church  against  Luther." 

When  Charles  was  in    London  in 

1.523,  the  performers  in  the  Pageants 

saluted   both  with    Carolus   Henricus 

vivat  defensor  uterque,  Henricus  Bdei, 

.Carolus  Ecclesiae. 

(To  be  conlhmed,) 

Hol'ert  Mmrfgnmery  and  his  Revietcers.    By 
'Edward -Clarkson.  /Tp.  164.     Ridgeway. 

IN  our  notice ^f  .VIr.  Montgomery's 
poem  of  **  Satan,"  we  spoke  of  the 
personal  character  of  many  of  the  cri- 
ticisms directed  against  nis  writings, 
and  we  still  think  that  his  enemies 
have  done  themselves  but  little  honour 
by  their  inglorious  warfare  against  a 
young  poet,  who,  standing  on  the  van- 
tage ground  of  public  approbation,  may 
well  smile  at  the  impotent  malice  of 
those  who  are  attempting  to  displace 
bim.  Our  own  opinions  of  his  merit 
have  been  given  without  passion  or 
prejudice ;  we  had  no  quarrel  to  avenge. 
We  fear  many  of  his  assailants  cannot 
say  as  much. 

'  Not  fully  concurring,  however,  in 
all  the  opinions  and  postulates  of  Mr. 
ClarVson,  who  is  an  able  advocate  and 
a  staunch  defender,  we  think  he  has 
brought  to  his  work  much  general  in- 
formation on  English  poetry,  and  has 


manfully  exposed  the  system  of  which 
Mr.  Montgomery  was  to  be  the  vic- 
tim. He  has  many  firstrrate  qaalifica- 
tions  for  the  office  of  a  critic;  he  un- 
derstands the  principles  of  his  art,  and 
has  studied  its  laws.  He  reasons  where 
others  dogmatise ;  and  offers  for  flippant 
sarcasm  and  empty  generalities,  tne  se- 
verer process  of  analysis,  and  the  ap- 
plication of  established  canons  to  the 
matter  at  issue.  He  investigates  be- 
fore he  decides. 

The  controversy  between  Mr.  Mont- 
gomery and  his  Reviewers  is  neither 
unimportant  nor  uninteresting,  and 
Mr.  Clarkson  has  laid  the  question 
fairly  before  the  public. 

The  Fijiy-sixth  Annual  Report  of  the  Rrnfed 
Humane  Society,     8vo.  pp.  184» 

THE  Reports  of  the  Society  are  like 
its  acts,  progressive  in  interest  and  im- 
portance, tiach  Report  opens  a  new 
door  of  inquiry  into  the  machinery  of 
vitality ;  and  suggests  new  precautio- 
nary or  resuscitative  measures;  for  it 
appears,  that  there  is  a  strong  approxi- 
mation to  truth  in  the  treatise  of  He- 
raclides  of  Pontus  "vrt^  tow  arvou,  *' 
on  the  failure  of  respiration  ;^n  which 
he  declares, 

"  That  this  disorder  may  cootinue  for 
th'iTtj  days,  and  yet  the  patient  reeover; 
and  nirther  intinataa  his  opiiuoa»  that  the 
commencement  of  putrefiMJtioii  u  necessary 
to  indicate  death." — p.  6. 

From  hence  it  is  evident  that,  al- 
though persons  may  be  even  irreco- 
verable, they  are  still  not  dead.  In 
1782  the  gold  medal  of  the  Society 
was  adjudeed  to  Or.  Pearson  of  Birm- 
ingham, for  his  dissertation  on  the 
question  proposed  by  Dr.  Hawes, 

**  Are  there  any  positive  sinis  of  the  ex- 
tinction of  Vth,  independent  of  putrefiMtion* 
and  if  so,  what  are  they  ?'* — p.  18*. . 

This  question  thie  Doctor  decides  in 
the  negative. 

It  is,  therefore,  exceedingly  impro- 
per to  bury  persons  before  putrefac- 
tion has  commenced. 

"it  appears  that,  in  a  drowned  person  at 
U^ast,  lM)tn  sense  and  motion  are  suspended* 
and  that  both  are  capable  of  being  recalled 
by  the  use  of  artificial  respiration  and  the 
application  of  continual  warmth.'* — p.  19. 

This  extract  shows  in  what  manner 
suspended  animation  differs  from  death. 
The  latter  consists  in  otter  organic  tn^k 
ca|>acity  of  further  vital  action  ;  ami 
that  incapacity  cannot  be  predicated  as 


1830.]     Reviiw.»-A.  Humant  Society, — Prmten*  Pension  Society,  559 


a  coosequence  of  all  ludden  and  violent 
action,  where  there  hai  been  no  pre- 
▼ioin  disease.  Of  course  such  sufferers 
may  he  recoverable;  and  frozen  per- 
sons have  recovered,  who  have  appeared 
lifeless  for  several  hours  (p.  85).  The 
progress  then  from  suspended  aninia* 
tion,  ot  exiiociion  of  sense  and  motion, 
to  utter  irrecoverability,  is  not  alike  iu 
all  cases.  Eacrtioo  uiay  therefore  be 
successful  under  unexpected  circuw 
stances. 

These  observations  are  only  truisms, 
but  truisms  form  axioms :  and  for  these 
truisms  and  axioms,  so  vastly  important 
to  the  therapeutic  art,  we  are  indebted 
to  the  Royal  H  umane  Society.  Before 
their  valuable  and  succcmIuI  experi- 
ments, there  were  glimmerings  of  app4- 
rent  not  being  real  death,  but  ihe  matter 
was  not  reduced  to  science,  and  there 
existed  both  false  notions  and  erro- 
neous experiments.  Bui  now  it  is 
evident  that  resusciuting  processes  may 
be  applied  to  almost  all  cases  of  violent 
suspensions  of  vital  action,  namely, 
spontaneous  cessation  of  sense  and  mo- 
tion, even  at  seventy  years  of  age,  the 
effects  of  lishtning,  and  other  extraor- 
dinary accidents,  which  preceding  ages 
would  have  deemed  impossible.  In 
short,  this  Institution  is  one  which 
forms  a  most  valuable  school  for  the 
extension  of  the  healing  art,  to  all 
sobjccu  where  death  is  not  the  on- 
avoidable  result  of  incurably  diseased 
organs.  We  are  sure,  that  under  acute 
diseases,  many  lives  are  lost  by  injudi- 
cious treatment ;  and  from  this  circum- 
stance, and  the  success  of  the  Royal 
Humane  Society,  we  infer  that  Provi- 
dence favours  scientific  exertion  and  the 
study  of  Nature^even  to  comunicatioiu 
(as  far  as  our  capacities  extend)  of 
divine  power  itsell ;  at  least,  the  Al- 
mighty permits  himself  to  be  under- 
stood by  informed  people,  and  not  by 
others.  If  the  fable  that  Prometheus 
animated  a  statue  was  a  ule  of  mere 
mythology,  the  reanimatioii  of  an  inci- 
pient corpse  is  on  the  contrary  an  au- 
thenticated  fact  of  real  history. 

This  Report  coouins  a  large  portion 
of  new  matter.    Acts  of  heroism,  phi- 


lanthropy, and  skill,  equal  to  those  of 
any  age,  are,  as  they  ought  to  be,  per- 
manently recordtrd ;  ana  the  **  Histo- 
rical Sketch  of  the  Progress  of  Resusci- 
tation,** is  an  essay  which  is  well  cal- 
culated to  stimulate  exertion  by  excit- 
ing hope.  We  have  not  entered  into 
details,  because  the  ignorance  that 
would  quash  all  attempts  at  resuscita- 
tion, thunks  to  this  Society,  exists  no 
longer,  and  we  shall  therefore  conclude 
with  observing,  that  during  the  few 
weeks  of  our  list  winter's  frost,  no 
fewer  than  twenty 'eight  lives  were 
saved ;  viz.  at  the  Serjtentine  River, 
fourteen ;  St.  James*s  Canal,  twelve ; 
and  Regent's  Park,  two.     See  p.  xii. 

Printers*  Pension  Society,  /or  the  retitf  ^ 
aged,  injirm,  and  distressed  ff^arkmen  and 
their  h^idows,  in  the  several  branches  q/* 
the  Printing  Trade,  estaNished  Dee.  8, 
1897.  4  Report  delivered  at  a  General 
Meeting  qf  the  Sutscriters  holden  at  the 
London  Tavern,  on  Monday,  Jan,  fi6» 
1 899  ;  together  with  iU  Rules  and  Regula- 
tions, and  a  List  cf  Sutscriters  to  the  fro- 
sent  time,    Bvo,  pp,  64. 

EVERY  liberal  mind  will  rejoice  in 
the  success  of  this  Institution,  and  in- 
vite those  who  feel  the  momentous 
value  of  the  press,  to  extend  their  con- 
tributions to  its  useful  operatives.  At 
the  same  time,  we  venture  to  make 
two  su^estiuns.  Could  not  there  be 
a  junctiou  of  such  a  plan  with  that  of 
a  Benefit,  ^noitv,  or  Tontine  Society, 
through  additional  contributions  of  the 

J  printers  themselves,  upon  the  scale  and 
brm  published  by  Mr.  Becher  and 
other  philanthropists.  It  is,  in  our 
opinion,  an  excellent  mode  of  prevent* 
ing  improvidence,  and  encouraging  in- 
dustry and  manly  feeling,  to  unite  such 
plans,  if  they  are  found  to  be  prac- 
ticable. Our  other  observation  is,  we 
do  not  see  the  names  of  several  eminent 
publishers  and  booksellers,  and  we 
presume,  that  good  might  be  done  by 
circulating  prospectuses  amoos  the 
trade  in  \nt  country,  through  the  book- 
sellers, as  well  li  dispertiDg  them 
amon^  the  various  sbopa  in  ue  iDe* 
tropolis. 


Mr.  Boaxa,  aathor  of  the  Patragc  sad  Sovarsigo  Prtaeas  of  Eorope  are  daiailad  wX 

Baroottaga  combiDtd  ia  ooa  alphabacioal  leagth.  Tba  datasof  comissIoos  ia  the  arf 

srrangiiint.    has  published,   also  ia  the  ara  givta.  Via  should  wish  to  saa  the  saasa 

diotioaarv  form,   aa  Offi/cial  Kalendar  fi^  pka  adopud  with  tba  aaval  ofioars ;  aa< 

isao.    Is  saibrsaas  the  asaal  coat€»u  of  a  indcad,  tna  dstaa  of  appoiataifts,  throng)^ 

T%m\  Kalawkir,  Fish  soom  iim^  additioaa  ooS  tba  book*  whaievar  thay  oawld  ^  wb- 

aadar  tarioos  baads.    T^  fuaittcs  of  tks  tai»ad»  wouM  ba  vary  dasirabla.    Ia  th   fir^ 


54a 


MkctUtmmuM  Rememi^^Fhte  JrU. 


[Mdtb 


ptg«,  th«  (ktti  of  ihe  •lection  of  tho  Rojral 
AcadcmicbMy  with  thtir  Chrbtna  mubm 
•(  full  lengthy  would  be  ea  intereetinc  id- 
dition.  Indeed,  we  doubt  not,  if  Mr.  Burke 
will  persevere,  he  will  make  thW  ft  much 
more  ueefal,  m  well  m  more  efmrenient 
book  of  refrreooe,  than  the  Knlesden  tad 
Alimmiekt  formed  after  the  old  rontioe. 

The  volume  hae  an  fades  of  penone  bold- 
iag  placet  in  Public  Qficee. 

LsiOM'f  Guide  to  the  Lakes  and  Moun^ 
taiuM  qf  Cumberland^  ffestmorelandf  and 
Lancathire.  No  tooritt  thoald  visit  these 
delightful  scenes  without  Mr.  Leigh's  very 
portable  little  volume.  It  is  illustrated  by  a 
genera]  map  ot  the  district,  and  also  with 
Maps  of  Wiadermere,  Derwentwater,  Bor- 


rowdale,  Ukwater,  OnsflMVCi 
and  Laagdale.    Avery  &eiliqr  to 
nghdU  excursion  is  kiere  adtded :  dw 
Judicious  routes  are  laid  dnwn,  the 
given,  and  the  best  aceomnMidBtiofli 
foad  aw  pointed  out.    It  ia  a  craly 
little  work. 


A  hrirf  HiMtory  ^  CkrittM  Bht/dad^wim 
a  Lht  ffihie  Cfewriwix— Thie  ^  ~ 
lation  (which  hae  beam  belbra 
ticed  m  our  pages)  haa  reaeliadi  ill 
tion.  The  present  contains  nneh  i 
ter,  a  portrait  of  the  fimndar^  aid  n  m#  nf 
the  new  hall  i  and  wa  rennmwiind  lUa  lial* 
work  as  almost  indispensabb  tvaB  vb*  aMi 
to  obtain  presentatioas  to  thia  tnly 
lent  foundation. 


FINE    ARTS. 


ROYAL  ACADEMY. 

ilRCfllTBCTVRilL  DlilONS  AND  MODILS* 

The  LtBRART. — ^There  are  ftw  periodicals 
In  which  the  collection  of  architectural 
drawings  and  nK>dels  exhibited  in  this  conned 
room  arc  even  noticed;  this  omission  we 
will  endeavour  to  supply  by  a  few  remarks 
vpon  the  most  prominent. 

The  designing  of  visionary  palace*  tad 
other  public  baildings  on  a  scale  so  extended 
as  to  preclude  the  posiibility  of  their  erec- 
tion, 18  neither  calculated  to  enhance  the 
popularity  of,  or  add  great  encouragement 
to  the  loienoe  of  architecture ;  as  such  sub- 
jects are  likely  to  exist  on  paper  only,  we 
pass  over  them  without  notice;  preferring 
what  in  our  estimation  are  more  useful  de* 
signs  to  occupy  our  readers'  attention.  In 
ecclesiastical  arohitecturci  ttfb  collection  is 
not  so  rich  in  actual  buildings,  as  the 
number  of  sew  churches  micnt  lead  the 
visitor  to  expect^  but  many  of  the  designs 
display  great  knowledge  of  the  detail  of  the 
pointed  style,  and  evuice  that  some  archi- 
tects are  to  be  found  who  are  endeavouring 
to  redeem  the  credit  of  the  profession  from 
the  negligence  hitherto  displayed  with  regard 
to  the  architecture  of  their  native  country. 

In  this  class  Mr.  Savaire  exhibits  Nos,  I OOA, 
JVeiD  Chapel  ai  SpeeiMamUmd,  and  1077» 
AbrM-«e«l  vitw  <jf  the  Chapd  building  in 
Shaiii'^itreetf  Ch^^,  neither  of  which  de- 
signs are  worthy  of  the  architect  of  Chelsea 
new  church ;  the  first  is  a  poor  specimen  of 
the  lancet  stvle,  the  west  front  being  a  maegra 
imitatt<m  ot  the  same  part  of  Peterbaroogh 
Cathedral ;  of  the  latter  building  we  shall 
speak  more  at  large  at  another  opportunltr. 

1057.  ffhtunnaur  ANfeif,  aSsslgnfir  a, 
firw  icnltfimi  to  Mdard  tiM  ike  pmend 
tktfaein  ^thwHMIr^.  J.  O.  We^Mtsaa. 
la  thIa  design  the  toware ara  lataiaads  Bfn. 
W^htmaa  hai  llMitlbira  to  Inm  thai 
]pteoa6]«d  tbwere  do  tot  aeaoitf  Mh  lb* 
geAerarcbaraetar  of  a  buHdlA^of  tiM  tftth 


aeaturyi  when  ha  attMMtl  mnt^4t0gh 
kwUlba  wett  Ibr  hha  tc>  kaap  fa  ii»M 
Salisbury,  Lichfield,  and  ' 

mUered  wastera  fronts,  ap^. 
date  ol  Westminster  Mbe^^ 

1068.  A  penpedne  vk»  ^H  Omnh 
latefy  ereeted  by  John  Cater,  Mm,  m  kii 
eslaUatBlaekheaik.  0.Smith«-^«MWij 
probably  notice  this  chnndi  aft  a.lhtma 
period,  it  is  only  nCceesaiy  to  afaeria  ai 
present  that  it  is  a  handsoma  bnildiBgt  vtth 
a  blender  spite,  dliftlaying  iMiM  clfiidt  ihatt 
correctness  in  the  execnthw.  7fm  diMia* 
Stance  of  gentlemen  bnildiag  ahnfoiiaa  M 
their  estates  speaka  well  far  tW  |imni| 
tiuKs;  such  instances,  It  la  plwriug  to  olb» 
eerve,  are  becoming  fraqoeol^  aad  inaiy 
well-wisher  of  the  ennreh  ami  fnioiaa  fa  a 
step  which,  above  all  otbera^  will  baal  oaoT 
duce  to  the  weUave  of  the  WstaWiehaant, 
and  it  is  hoped  that  the  patfonqpi  elaaaa  fa 
one  of  the  acta  for  bnilding  aav  dmrabas 
will  ereativ  increase  them,  and  that  fadl- 
viduaTs  will  be  found  benavolaat  aooo^ 
to  expend  a  pOrtioA  bldheir  fbctanaa  oo 
tooh  Dttildings,  and  coaragauo^'  taM^  lo 
afiect  their  ob|e«Bt,  in  -«fespita  of  fim.umn  of 
an  infidel  press,  or  tha  mtanstad  ooparflbfe 
of  any  graspiag  or  flwtiaoi  fadhriinl  «bo 
may  endeavour  to  impada  tkak*  atari ' 

1071.    JnieriorviaeD^mhdm^ 

OT  1898,    flistf  coneertsif   mi9  «  i 

ChapeiferSk  Ctified  CetuiMt,  »mL.  mt 
Foxhall,    OT  SttUfSrdshin,     J.  '    '     ' 
This  is  a  hall  ofTndor  m 


np  witb  much  propriety  aad  apjaodoor  1^  o 
chapel.  The  altar  screen  o£  stnaa*  riik  fa 
niches  and  pinuades,  tha  Ibnnar  fiUad  aridi 
ia  pavfaapa  a  trMa  fw  Jbriif  i| 


•9wn  apparently  an  arial 
a  «erf  haodsoaa  deafasi  thi 
t«nhia  was  oot  arampad^l 
atsiitfa^  atatdee  aadafia 
ka  «mW  fa  the  aasa  oTa 
tha  pulpit  ii  pblygoaairt 


188a] 


III  ■  fall  iliwii  ijfi  lh«  HiircuM  litiiig  m<ii<W 
IhtSMrtflMDi:  it  m  tOMtrtttd  ot  Hoat  m< 
pMdiM.  Tbt  wHoU  Cmbm  •  bwalifU  in- 
t«riar»  Mid  ibc  HKmi  it  iocrgmdy  m  w«U  •• 
UMdMtiMliM  «/Um  buMiig  Btfl»d,bf 
thft  lAtrodaelioa  o#  a  priftl  ia  alb^Mid 
chM«bl«  <|aitiiag  Um  alur  in  pwotMioa 
wlik  liit  aoolyw. 

lore.  X>«%ii  Jkr  m  Charck  m  lAt  t^ 
^lAe  lAtrteoilA  omhify  (tiil»noc>.  IIM* 
MMd^  Ike  $mM  Chink.    W.  Bvdvdl^ 


641 


of  tU 
Um  doflM»tk  M«kitMl«r«  whieh  niiralltA  !• 

tht  •MttapiiUi   gwgaM  of  Om  W^ 

•eliool»n  ibotluipoof  ftbW|B»piioriM»n4 


Tbf  Boatl  it  ftotly 


ititt,  of  tis  rooty  w\utk  IbnMriT  i 
pM  tbb  room.  Thit  plottiog  tlvlo  it  tho 
■KM  Motantqoo  Umi  ooD  W  iBt(raod,  oa^ 
OM  graad  nooMMBdMion  of  U  n,  tlM  i| 
oooworti  tht  ekioHMVty  tho  Boat  aaughtlf » 
Imk  tt  tbo  tOOM  tint  ibo  OMtt  iDditpOBMkUO 


Pbrit.  It  tihihin  a  oharoli  of  looott  oiohi- 
ttetoro  is  Um  style  of  tlio  ehoir  of  tho 
Toiaplt  ohoKht  tlio  tovor  it  titiMiftt  ot 
•a  t^|li  of  tht  Witt  froBtp  tmd  m  tunBonltd 
bj  ta  otfigon  kaitn  troootd  with  a  tpiia. 
Im  Matay  potitioa  of  tht  ttttpit  it  oviag 


ia  plotltr  of     odditioattodwtUtag-hoaiot,  iaio 


to  tho  Mohitoet  havlag,  ot  ao  aadontoad, 
■oda  tho  dttiaa  with  oa  o]fa  to  tht  aow 
chaiah  of  St.  DMWlMB't  ia  tho  Wttt,  oad 


of  tht  Hott  nltotiaff  ofaMMltr.    Ia  thit 
ttyloaioy 

1040.  Dii^a  Mni;^ar«l  ta  IM7  Jor  Ui$ 
lUeioryhoHm  al  Smti  IVoodkmm,  Hamtu  J» 
Gwilt.— A  lod  brick  haiUii^  withamt^ 
taltttd  ofOftat  o»  tho  loot  of  tho  waVy 
which  aught  pott  for  oa  aetaol  hatldii^  of 
"tbo  16th 


thoBMddUof 

1079.  Tki  KiUkm  ffCom^  tfntf,  Abr- 
tho  aow  baildiog  wot  to  hara  fJOt^O^tmlrfUHLSliivr^hiatLfn^ 
btioa  oapotod  to  tho  tttitt,  iatttod  of  bo-  dewi^  and  widfr  lAt  dirtciipa  ^  J.  C 
iaf  benod  libt  a  mottiag  htatt  bohiad  AiciU«r.— Comoy  HoU  wiU  bo  a  trao  old 
thopt  oadhoatto.  ThtdttoUofthodttifa  Eagtith  poloco.ttM  aMiltriol  vtdbriok.  Thf 
it  eaotiltatt  tho  ttyla   <ho  ohttfttt  «id     aatroai    towort»  gtblttf   oad   ohiaaoyo 

ttatiynnthr  «tU  tdtplid  to  a  pMoohitl  tho  tpiettior  to  tho  tfaaot  of  tho  Tadoo, 

ohnroh.      Aa  oabrokM  tpiio  woaldy    «o  la  tht  lott  Eihibitaoa   thoro  wort  otfaor 

thiak,  havo  booa  pnlbroUe  to  tho  prtotot  dotigat  of  tht  tooM  moiiino,  whi^  it  tfalp 

orraofMatat  of  tho  «>ttpit»  whioh  boloagt  a  rtata rlrablt   baildii^   ft>r  tho  a|t»    tad 

to  a  OMWt  foooat  ptriod«  thowt  how  woU  tho  author  of  **  Mufdilift 

ll6a.    A  Moid  ya  Darwri  Ck^  te  CoUtgo,'*oad  •< SHhom PIUmm,"  om opply 
oinaory  y  5%uiaoad  T^r^ffwi,  SomikweUj 
Ms^»   actifMa   ana    eftdtm   at    /JrViiJCsooNt 
Ciitrek'ymrdf  mmar  Honoichf  by  A.  Salvia, 

it  a  pitatiog  aad  tsqaitito  »iaiotafa  elioptl,  ot  ntm  taretaltd,  ike  ttti  tf  the  Rigki  Bmu 

tht  arohitoetart  ia  tho  ttylo  of  tht  faittrior  L&rd  BemoU    J.  Baokltr^F—A  fniga  ooa- 

potod  of  tiaibor  tad  pittttr,  ia  a  tiaipio 
ttylo   of  oM   Kaglith   orohitMtm^   wott 

lies,    if  ommW  ^  JfamAtod IWt, 


ia  praJBtiot  tho  koovlo^gt  ho  hio  ditpiojpod 
ia  thoto  oioelltat  trtotittt. 

lOil.  Dttijnfiir PM Pmrk.DtMjktkin, 


of  Wtttoiiattor  Abboy. 

Tht  oatootirt  rottontioat  of  M^pdaloa  Col- 

Itgo  QioptU  Oslofd,  oiofd  thiao  tabjiott. 

lOM.    /^ti^^roa  ^llor/ £.&  Laaibw 


1070.    /afcntr  view  9f  Mt^Mm  Ctlhge     JSxaMr,  Ubtial  ff  §L  MT,  ATraiwaa^  Af 
Otarf.  aitfea..^oot  Ike  cnam  trrowfc  aad     dtrifagrf  aad  creeled  bw  JmStbriiL^'A  wdta 


Otprf,  Of  «fea.^ooi  iAt  of^oa 
MDai  tJteeMiu^t  L,  N.  Cottteghoak  llOf . 
BmU  emi  c/'a  demgmjkr  n^Elluv  tkemUriar 
^MeigdakmC»lk9eCkapei^0a^Mrd,l»wkiek 
a  tfOMM  preenetei^  axof  aawwra^  J«  Plow* 
BMui. — ^Tbo  fint  aad  last  dotigat  art  bmio 
inrid  thaa  tho  arohittctaro  of  tht  ohaptl 
attowt,  baft  iritwcd  ia  thtawtlrttttt  ia  away 
Pttptttt  tli^gaaO  tpodatat  af  taboraaolo 
work.  Mr.  Cottaghaa't  dttiga  ottbtaott 
Moro  partioakra  thoa  tho  othtfty  oad  hat  tho 
apptaiaact  of  beiog  Iba 
tcody  of  fcnaor  £tML  Tbo'akar 
hot  a  titr  of  OMoaiot  loot  kd^aad 
thoo  tho  othtrt,  tat  oaootdiogtt  el 
aaoffoeffiolai  tiM  o^^nl  ia  flaoaad  bv 
gradotioat  of  tooli  ia  ook,  ttft  off  with  rioh 
paaaoUiag»oadearvi^giiaa«tiy  oradtehlo 

IMe.     A  ThtA   encltd  m  CuHktrm 

nrk$kinpl9  Urn  laiitiiy  qffT. 8. 

Jbf.  by  i.  W.  Atkioiit,  it  o 

oftaotltf  lOMh  with 
shitldi  in  (piatorlbilf. 


di^iaed  aad  0iiciftf  If  il.SiMa^— A 
did  BMBttoa  of  tho  Elinhtthta  ohoMOUri 
the  oriel  wiadowt,  tawer  ntfroatii,  aad 
aaoMToat  ohimaioti  tho  g»blot  crowaiag  tbo 
otyet,  oad  tho  total  abttaot  eftoolnitallotl 
arohittotait,  aio  tho  oharaottiittio  fcotuftt 
of  thit  tpleadid  awitioai  if  aay  thhig  it 
objtetioothio  it  it  tho  otttolltltd  apataraaca 
ofthooAott.  A  view  of  thit  bvIUag  h^ 
btoa  rtotatly  eagravod  ia  a  ttraot  of  vitaa 
ia  Dovaa  tad  CorawoU,  aaw  pabUiiaf. 

10M»  1164.  Viewe  ^f  fine  ^  Ftmkm 
CmtU^wm  emtv^b^m.T.  Beeper.  J. 
J*  Fiaaka«**BoCli  oia  piHI 
Thobaildtng  hot  thoait  of  a 
witk  taaaia  kitp  i  bal  tho 
aat  tafidMtly  ikawB  ia  dotal  to 
to  Jadgo  of  tho  odiplMiM  ol  oidi  a  bdU- 
i^g  to  df  irtie  ■■ipiMi,  whiiii  — H  hi  % 
mtk  dt  gmi  diMi^. 

.Not.  I004*  1Q4A,  on  ttpoiiU  dNp» 
fcr  tho  ftoat  oltvitioa  toaiideXnnfiMM 
8tntt»  af  0  dtt^albraa  118111111  K  thoTiM 
PrtM  It  Caaibridgey  by  Mr.  Barry>  tho  ar- 


549 


Fine  ArU-^Rojfal  Academy. 


[Junr, 


chitect  of  Bri{^hton  tnd  Islington  news 
ebnrches.  Both  thete  designs  are  in  the 
Pointed  style  of  the  16th  century  ;  the  first 
consists  of  a  lofty  and  eommanding  centre 
and  two  low  wings,  divided  by  towers  ending 
above  the  central  elevation  in  spires.  The 
second  is  a  plainer  design  without  wings, 
and  flanked  by  octagon  towers;  the  win* 
llows  are  square,  formed  in  compartments, 
and  the  detail,  as  far  as  the  smaliness  of  the 
drawings  will  allow  a  judgment  to  be  formed, 
good :  either  design  would  be  creditable  to 
the  university.  ■ 

1062.  A  bird^S'cye  view  of  the  Bank  qf 
England,  J.  Soane,  R.  A.  is  a  •  singular 
view  of  the  buildtng.  The  rooh  are  sup- 
posed to  be  removed,  and  it  shows,  in  conse- 
quence, the  entire  phm  and  the  elevation  of 
sll  the  offices ;  an  excellent  idea  of  the 
magnitude  of  the  entire  building  is  giv^n  ; 
which  (having  been  nearlr  rebuilt  by  Mri 
Soane) ,  is  next  to  the  Cathedral  the  largest 
public  building  in  the  metropolis,  the  work 
uf  one  hand. 

Of  restorations  of  classical  buildings,  the 
two  following  are  the  most  interesting : 

1007*  The  ivestem  pediment  qf  the  TempU 
qf  Minerva  Parthenon,  at  Athens,  done  at 
the  request  qfihe  Trustees  qf  the  British  Mu' 
seitnu  C.  R.  Cockerell. — ^The  sculptures 
represent  the  contest  between  Neptune  and 
MWrva,  and  we  hope  to  see  this  illostra- 
tioB  of  the  Elgtn  marbles  speedily  engraved.  ■ 

1 160.  Bestioratien  of  the  Temple  qfjupi- 
ter  (Hympus,  at  Selmus,  from  drawings 
made  on  the  spot,-  bt  S.  Angell,  is  creditable 
to  4lds  gentleman  s  abilities ;  the  more  so 
■Imi  the  icantiness  of  the  materials  from 
wUdbkt  Jmd  to  draw  hb  design  b  considered. 

nil.  The eeniralT^HMrqf the Umversiiy 
of  Ku^a  CtiklK  ^  ^  erected  at  York  in 
Vpfer  Cmmdtu  C  Fowler^ — ^A  lefty  square 
towr,  JMulmedi  —d  iormooBted  faj  a  lan- 
tern, ii  most  reoiariaUe  Ibr  its  eiagnlarity. 
It  is  a  close  imitation^  if  not  a  copy,  of  an 
ItaBui  campanile.  £.  I.  C. 

t8.  The  AuM  Friends.  J.  Knight. — An 
fsoellent  picture  of  bumble  and  domestic  lUa, 
whi^  even  Wilkie  might  own  with  pride. 

80.  FiewqfOrvieto.  J.  M.W.  Turner.— 
This  composition  is  glowing  and  bright,  al- 
most to  caricature,  though  it  displays  much 
fine  colouriog.  The  indistinctness  which 
proceeds  from  strong  sunshine  is  well  pour- 
trayed. 

67.  Les  Cattseuses.  W.  Collins,  and  72. 
Morning,  A.  W.  Callcott. — It  is  with  un- 
mingled  pleasure  we  call  the  attention  of 
the  public  to  these  two  delightful  paintings, 
which  would  grace  anv  gallery  ot  the  beet 
masters.  Brilliant  without  any  adventitions 
circumstances  of  colouring  or  effect,  thej 
will  exist,  valued  as  sterling  gems  of  British 
art.  The  distance  in  the  former  picture  is 
truly  excellent. 

70.    The  Lover's  SignaL    W.  Kidd.— 


In  detail,  character,  humour,  and  genera! 
effect,  this  painting  is  absolutely  fawltlasa. 
The  dog  starting  from  his  sleep;  the 
fatlier  with  his  pipe  just  lighted  {  tke  ood- 
dbg  crone  before  the  fire,  are  all  ao  ex- 
quisite in  their  way,  that  we  tincertly  hope 
to  see  the  picture  perpetuated  by  an  en- 
graver of  abilities  compet«at  to  develope  ite 
beauties  as  tliey  deserve.  The  moonligbt 
shining  on  the  ubie,  &o.  to  the  right  b 
perfect. 

131.  The  Truant.  T.  S.  Good.— A 
painting  full  of  character  and  humour.  The 
faces  of  the  urchins  at  the  desk  ex|«eea 
much  sympathy. 

145.  MuseU  Gatherers,  W.  Collma.— 
Again  we  have  to  notice  with  delifrht  a  pro- 
duction of  thb  excellent  artbt.  There  m  •  a 
stillness  about  the  colouring  of  thb  eharm- 
ing  picture,  which  makes  one  unwilling  to 
leave  it,'  lest  the  eye  shouM  be  anm^fed  by 
some  of  the  gaudes  exhibited  this  year  to 
make  us  smile  with  any  thing  but  pleaeuw. ' 
-  199.  Romps.  T.  Cbter.— A  clever  pro- 
duction, characterizing  the  humour  of  the 
drawing  room  :  the  ebgant  girl  who  stands 
apologizing  oucht  to  be  fbfgiven  for  her 
deprecating  look.  She  too,  who  bitee  her 
thread  to  -hide  her  langhter,  b  an  arch<* 
looking  lady. 

288.  FiUingoutMosesJor  the  Fair.  Qt 
Crnikahank. — A  clever  oil  painting  bj  the 
modem  Hogarth,  quite  worthy  of  Gold- 
smith's charming  work. 

2S6»  Titama,  Pack,  and  Bottom.  J. 
Partrklge* — This  b  truly  an  illustration  of 
Shakspeare ;  aud  nothing  more  in  the  way 
of  commendation  need  be  said.  Titani* 
looks  like  a  &iry,  and  not  a  little  woman, 
which  b  not  the  case  in  all  fiiinr  pictures. 

804.  Calais  Sands.  J.  M.  W.  Turner.— 
Somewhat  too  glowing,  but  very  eiiectiveb 
The  sands,  which  the  tide  has  just  left, 
appear  absolutely  wet.  This  remaric  appliM 
also  to  another  painting  by  Mr.  Tomer 
(482.  Fish  Market  on  the  Sands)  ;  and  it 
should  be  observed,  that  in  the  latter  paint- 
ing hb  peculiar  atyle  of  eolourinc  ia  made 
effective  in  depicting  tun-rije  wrough  a 
vapour. 

831.  Candaules,  &c.  W.  Etty.— Thb 
painting  b  founded  on  the  lingular  story  Id 
Herodotus,  wherein  the  invulted  modes^  of 
a  queen  cost  her  husband  hb  throne  and 
life.  The  attitude  Of  Gyges  well  expresiea 
breathlesa  attention. 

898.  An  Inhabitant  qf  Canterbury.  S. 
Drammond.— No  less  a  penonage  than  tho 
Bellman.  One  of  the  old  painters  kas 
inmiortelized  a  locksmith  in  a  cnarmiqg  pie<» 
ture,  and  a  modem  has  now  perpetoated  a 
bellman  in  one  scarcely  ite  inrarior. 

*407>  Fenus  entreating  VuUan  to  forge 
arms  for  JEneas.  G.  Smith.— The  'figurca 
in  the  piece  are  -worthy  of  the  higheat  com- 
mendation.   Venus  is  truly  beanttful. 

492.  The  Trysting  Fimce.  D.  M*Clb«  — 


ISSO.] 


Fine  jlrti.'^ Literary  amd  Sdeniifie  hUUigencen 


54S 


An  vUborato  pASniiog,  with  »  raott  cliann- 
iag  aad  cxpreMiv*  frroale  figure. 

601.  CkiUren  Daneimg.^H.  GirbooM. 
A  tpirited  fnnipi  ihnw  loveW  girb  an 
daociBg  ia  tm  idetj  of  their  h«Mtt»  aa- 
dao«tt<i  hj  ertticwing  specUtort 

56f .  Dnign,  S.  W.  ArookL  This  n 
a  vottdcrfallj  ioMgiiiative  ftketeh,  illattm- 
tivt  of  Um  war  io  Hmvco  (IUv  xil  7). 
Tho  figures  art  to  nomerout*  and  to  tiogu- 
larly  grooptd  ai  to  bt  quite  bewildering. 

618.  Mmi  OrgueU  Casile.  T.Wood.— 
A  clever  little  picture,  with  an  admirable 
effect  of  sunlight. 

1167.  Caprieao,  B.  Fittrucci.'^This 
is  without  doubt  a  eapriceio,  aod  that  nf  the 
moat  uncmamon  kind.  A  block  of  marble 
hee  been  ehitelled,  by  a  most  masterlj  hand, 
into  subjects  without  anj  connexion  with 
«ach  other :  we  have  Hercules,  two  or  three 
busts  on  medallions,  a  female  figure,  above 
which  there  is  a  kind  of  grating  through 
which  are  peeping  &nciral  and  distorted 
heads.  Buty  indeed,  tlie  affair  defies  mi- 
nute description  as  much  as  it  does  critiebm. 
The  frmale  figure  w  verv  lovely. 
.  11741.  Mutithra,  R.  W.  Sievier.— An 
almost  breathing  statue. 

1175.  ymit$  and  Cupid,  C.  Rossi. — 
The  fitfe  of  Cupid  is  wonderfully  expressive 
of  what  is  termed  *  hard  sleep.'  The  Venus 
appears  scarcely  elegant  enough.  Every  sta- 
iue  ahould  appear  unconscious  of  nakedness 
to  be  agreeable — she  appears  aaxioos  to  die- 
play  it. 

1 80 1 .     The  Happy  Mother,    £.  O.  Phy- 


siek.  This  n  a  benatiful  grwopt  The  ficnre 
i«  advancing,  and  b  balaneiag  a  ehild  on 
the  shoulder  {  all  is  grace,  caee,  and  love- 
liness. The  exqnbite  workmanship  and  the 
expressive  attitude  fill  the  mind  with  pwe 
and  unmixed  delight, 

1977.  Seven  Aget,  W.  Behnes.— Thongh 
every  figure  in  thb  group  is  Jndieioosly  eon- 
ceived,  ytt  the  general  effect  b  nnsatbfcc- 
tory.  The  figure  of  the  soldier  b  too  pro- 
mioeni. 

In  cioftinf  our  critical  remarks  upon  thb 
year's  exhibition,  we  have  to  regret  the 
overwhelming  number  of  portraits,  which  ara 
allowed  to  be  brought  bto  these  rooms, 
rendering  this  national  institution  a  mere 
ad^-ertising  medium  for  portrait  painters^  or 
gratifying  the  feelings  of  persons  who  awy 
wish  their  &oes  exhibited,  either  from  va- 
nity or  ostentation.  Thb  ought  not  to  be :  if 
good  paintinp  are  not  presented,  let  us  have 
fewer,  and  hang  those  which  are  accepted  ia 
a  better  light.  Manv  an  artbt  has  a  right 
this  year  to  repeat  tne  complaint  of  poor 
Dick  Tmto.  Again,  if  portraits  are  ad- 
mitted, do  not  bt  them  he  under  false  pre- 
tences ;  we  have  **  Aane  P^,"  a  respeoi- 
able  middb-aged  bdy  i  and  *<  Bianca,"  a 
very  common-plaee  young  ones  with  half  a 
doien  lines  of  poetry  ui  the  oatalogne; 
whilst  the  Lovers  Stgmal,  to  which  every 
one*s  attention  should  have  been  daraetaOt 
if  possibb,  b  pobted  out  by  no  poetieal 
quotation  in  tne  cataingoe,  though  one  b 
painted  in  the  firame  of  tne  picture. 


LITERARY  AND  SCIENTIFIC  INTELLIGENCE. 


Ju§t  Pmbtisked^  or  nearly  Ready, 

A  Topographical  Hbtory  of  the  Rape  of 
Bramber  i  bemg  the  second  part  of  the  se- 
cond volume  of  the  History  off  Western  Sue- 
sex.  By  the  Rev.  Edmund  Cartwrioht, 
M.A.  r.S.A. 

An  engraving  of  the  contents  of  the 
Bbhop's  Cofins  lately  discovered  at  Chi- 
chester, including  the  crosier,  Basilidiaa 
ring,  and  other  curiosities,  (see  our  Mag. 
fnr  June,  1899,  p.  54ft).  By  Thomas 
Kino,  of  Chichester. 

Pbrt  HI.  ofBAKia't  History  of  North- 
amptonshire ;  with  Index  to  Vol.  I. 

An  Expositioo  of  tite  Doctrine  of  Origi- 
nal Sin.    By  a  Layman. 

MtLMOTH*!  Great  Importanoe  of  a  Re- 
liginus  Life ;  a  new  edition. 

TAtiOT^t  ReflectioDB,  Thoughts,  Poems, 
&c. 

A  C«>llecti«m  of  Prayers,  for  every  day  in 
the  week.  B^  the  Rev.  I.Tofham,  V,RAA^ 

CUographM  Antioua,  or  School  Treatise 
on  Anciebt  Oeograpny. 

The  Journal  of  a  Tour,  made  hj  Sen'or 
JuAiTDtViOA,  the  Spaabh  minstrel  of  1898 
aod  1 929,  through  Great  Britain  and  Ire- 


Uad :  a  character  ptrfbroMd  by  aa  E^gKsH 
Gentleman. 

The  Hundred-Weight  FrnctioB-hook.  By 
John  Gaynbr. 

Treatise  on  Life  Auoraaces  and  Aamri- 
tbs.    By  R.  Rankin. 

The  Pocket  French  Grammatieal  and  Ori- 
tical  Dictionary.  By  G.  SoRBNin,  FASJL 

The  Oxonians,  a  novel.  By  the  anthorof 
"TheRourf." 

Preparing  Jor  PubUeaiiom, 

An  Hbtorical  Sketch  of  the  DanmoiiSi, 
or  ancient  inhabitants  of  Devoaehirt  aad 
Cornwall.     By  JoeiPH  Chattaway. 

God's  Mercy  to  hb  Chnreh,  Hhmtnied 
in  twenty  Sennone.  By  the  Rcr.  F.  O. 
CaottMAN,  Miabttr  of  Carliile  Bpiseapal 
Chapel,  Lambeth. 

Tile  Boscohel  TraeUf  being  Narratives 
relatrag  to  the  Eecape  of  Charles  IL  ater 
the  Battle  of  Woroeeter;  with  Noiw  by 
the  Editor,  J.  HuoNia,  Esq.  A.M. 

The  Rev.  Dr.  Wisbmajt,  rector  of  ibe 
English  College  at  Rome,  b  now  eagi^yid 
in  traaikting  soiae  Oviealal  Works  ia  the 
Vatican. 


644 


Literary  and  SdenHJic  Intelligence. 


XJiine, 


The  4th  and  conclnding  Tohtme  of  the 
World  of  Horace,  iuterlioeuly  translated. — 
Br  P.  A.  NuTTALL,  LL.D.,  Editor  of  Vir- 
gil's Bacolicsy  Juvenal's  Satires,  &c.  on  the 
'same  plan. 

The  Undjing  One*  By  the  fair  authoress 
of  Rosalie. 

A  new  edition  of  the  Encjclopssdia  Brl- 
tannica.     Edited  hy  Professor  Napier. 

Mr.  Ackermann  announces  a  new  annual 
for  1881,  entitled  «The  Humourist,"  from 
the  pen  of  Mr.  H.  Harrison,  author  of 
**  Tales  of  a  Physician,*'  illustrated  by  50 
wood  engravings,  from  drawings  by  the  late 
Mr.  Rowlandson. 

Sharpe's  Library  of  the  Belles  Lettres. 

A  Poem  entitled  Visions  of  Solitude.  By 
an  Officer  of  the  Line,  author  of  **  Sketches, 
Scenes,  and  Narratives." 

Poems  under  the  title  of  Album  Verses. 
By  Charles  Lamb. 

Cambridee  in  the  Long  Vacation.  Poeti- 
cally described  by  Chriitophir  Twioum, 
FJ5.S. 

Royal  Society. 

May  27.  The  President  announced,  in  a 
good  tempered  speech,  that  the  discontented 
members,  Mr.  Babbage  and  Mr.  South,  were 
for  the  present  appeased;  and  that  Capt. 
Sabine,  oaving  been  summoned  to  join  ois 
company  in  Ireland^  was  obliged  to  resign 
the  Secretaryship. 

A  paper  was  read,  *'  On  the  Applicability 
of  Ltthotrity  as  an  Operative  for  the  Cure 
of  the  Stone,  ilkistrated  by  Cases,"  by  W.  B. 
Costello,  esq.  assistant  to  Dr.  Civude,  in-* 
ventor  of  lithotrity. 

The  following  Fellows  were  elected :  the 
Marquis  of  Northampton;  Philip  Pusey, 
•sq.;  Sir  Jeffrey  Wyatville;  John  Wool- 
more,  esq. ;  and  Ralph  Watson,  esq. 

June  10.  A  paper  was  read,  containing 
descriptions  and  analyses  of   twenty  new 

3ecies  of  minerals,  from  di£Ferent  parts  of 
reat  Britain  and  Ireland,  and  also  of  North 
America,  by  Tho.  Thomson,  M.  D.,  Regius 
Ptolietsor  of  Chemistry  in  the  Uoivenity  of 
Olascow.  One  of  these  minerals  is  named 
by  we  author  ffbllastonite,  in  honour  of 
the  memory  of  the  illustrious  Dr.  Wollas- 
ton;  and  another  GiUfertite,  in  honour  of 
the  president  of  the  Royal  Society.  An- 
other paper  was  read,  *'  on  the  Eleotro- 
maffnetjo  Properties  of  MetaHi&rous  Veins," 
by  R.  W.  Fox,  esq.  communicated  by  the 
Piesident.  Josiah  John  Guest,  esq.,  the 
Rev.  Rich.  Oreswell,  M.  A.,  of  Cambridge, 
John  Haywood  Hawkins,  esq.,  K.  Brunei, 
esq.,  were  elected  Fellows. 

June  17.  The  following  papcra  were  pre- 
eented,  and  partly  read: — 1.  On  a  new  re- 
clstcr  pyrometer;  by  J.  F.  Daniell,  esq., 
F.R.S.  9.  On  an  error  in  standards  of 
Kaear  measure ;  by  Captain  Kater,  V.  P., 
Fii.S.  8.  An  acooont  of  the  gas-ei^ine  , 
by  its  inventor,  Samuel  Brown,  esq. ;  com- 
mnnicated  by  Dr.  Philip«,  F.R.S.     4.  Ob- 


servations on  the  second  comet  of  18t9, 
made  at  Rio  de  Janeiro  by  Lieutenant  (now 
Captain)  Wm.  Robertson,  R.N.,'in  « letter 
to  Capuin  Basil  Hal!,  R.N.«  Y.fLK    t. 
Addition  to  the  paper  on  the  variation  of 
the  elliptic  constans,  contMnmg  the  deve- 
lopment of  the  disturbing  function  to  the 
terms  involving  the  squares  and  prod  nets  of 
the  eccentricities  inclusive  ;  by  J.  W.  Lub- 
bock, esq.,  F.  R.  S.     6.  On  the  angular  oal- 
culus ;  by  Jon.  Dryden,  esq.  commnnieal^d 
by  the  President.     7.  On  the  transient  mag- 
netic sute  of  which  various  suhatanoee  aM 
susceptible ;  bv  Wm.  Snow  Harris,  esq., 
communicated  by  the  President.     8.  Obser- 
vations   made    at    the    Surveror-geneinKa 
oflSce,  near  Calcutta,   and  other  pans  of 
Hindostan,  in  the  beginning  of  the  year 
898,  on  the    magnetic   variatioB;  by  Col. 
Macdonald,   communicated   hy  the  Pkeei* 
dent.    9.  An  account  of  experimenta  tried 
at  Chatham,  for  the  purpose  of  <Aiialnin|; 
an  artificial  water^cement ;  by  Lieut.-Col.  C. 
W.  Pasley,  of  the  corps  of  Royal  Engineen, 
F.R.S.     10.  On  some  new  optical ^leno- 
mena,  in  a  letter  to  D.  Gilbert,  esq.  r.R.S: ; 
by  John  Herapath,  esq.     It.  On  ibe  Uluo 
mination  of  lighthouses ;  by  JUeut.  Dran- 
monJ,  communicated  by  Ldeut.-Col.  Colby, 
R.N.,  FJI.S.    1 9.  On  the  new  fulminate  ef 
silver,  and  its  application  as  a  test  for  chlo- 
rine,  8ic.  in  a  letter  addressed  to  Davlai 
Gilbert,  esq.  P.R.S.;    by  Edmnnd  Davy, 
T.R.S.,  MAIA.,  Profesaer  of  Chemistry  to 
the  Royal  Dublin  Society.     IS.  Sequel  to  a 
paper  on  calculous  diseases^  and  the  concre- 
tions to  which  they  give  rise ;  by  John  Yel- 
loly,  M  J>.,  F.R.S.,  &c.    14.  On  lithotritT ; 
by  Baron  Henrteloup,   communicated  by 
Joshua  Brookes,  esq.  FlR.S. 

The  President  annonnoed  that  an  arrange- 
ment had  been  made  with  the  trustees  of 
the  British  Museum,  by  which  an  escKange 
will  be  effected  of  the  Arundel  ManueoripCi» 
now  in  possession  of  the  Rmral  Society,  for 
books  of  equal  value,  to  be  furnished  by  the 
Museum,  on  subjects  connected  with  the 
objects  of  the  Royal  Society.  The  Society 
then  adjourned  over  die  summer  vacation* 
to  meet  again  on  the  18th  November. 

Medico-Botavical  Society. 

May  96.  Dr.  Short  in  the  chair. 

James  Aspinall,  esq.  and  the  Rev.  Sir  Ro- 
bert Pef  t,  D  J),  were  elected  Fellows. 

Mr.  Professor  Heulton  delivered  his  in- 
troductory Lecture  on  Botany,  in  the  coune 
of  which  lie  mentioned  the  singular  circum- 
stance of  a  bulbous  root  having  been  found 
in  the  hand  of  an  Egyptian  mummy,  probably 
aooo  years  old,  and  which  retained  the  vital 
principle  so  completely  as  to  shoot  out  and 
flower  upon  its  being  re- planted.  Dr.  Whit- 
ing also  mentioQcd,  in  some  obeervations  on 
Materia  Medica,  the  case  of  a  child  who 
had  swallowed  some  seed-pods  of  the  com-- 
mon'labumum.  Torpor  and  appwtnt  daatn 
succeeded,  which  was,  however,  liverted  by 


4896l) 


It^rrvrf  md  ScUnti/U  hUelligtnce, 


U^ 


III*  HkiClitr't  •rf»UM^mio«  of  a  ^tiiMhy  •£ 
hog's  kni,  wbichy  yrodnalig  tWIraMt  Mkl  • 


dbelimrgv  «#  tbt  poitoBOfM  auitt*r,  provH 
Iht  ■■■■!  of  ptwriag  llw  ohikft  nfe. 

•fVNf  V*    •  iM  PPMMMK  HI  Ca#  MMn* 

Ltctvrt  0B  Toiiicology.  Dr.  Whitiog  aurfe 
•ooM  iautmring  ohMnratioM  on  mim  oC 
ch#  ntdleiid  pkoU  on  the  ubW,  for  whiok 
the  Soeiotj  vera  iiKleht«d  to  Mr.  Oibbt  of 
BfonpCoBy  Mr.  Hoaltoo,  ood  Mr.  GuDp- 
b*n,  tno  Utter  of  whom  ekhibited  a  beauti* 
fM  epeciiiiea  of  •  tpeeiei  of  Cactus.  Tlie 
ff^ofewof  of  Botaoy,  m  oituil,  pointed  out 
the  boUDicd  cboracteri  of  different  plaolt 
•elected  bj  htm  fur  that  purpo»e»  and  Mr. 
Everett  noiade  tome  remarks  relative  to  the 
detection  of  the  presence  of  hydrocjranio 
acid  in  different  sttbetaoeos.'  A  large  coIIm- 
tioQ  of  East  India  drawings,  and  sercral 
|wMklfone,  wnrt  aMMODcedas  having  boin 
fftinted  to  the  Society  by  Df.  GottwtIL 


OxTomo,  June  8. 

Tha  FiriaM  ««•  thk  dqr  decided  as  fbk 
low:— 

LmiiM  Bmaif^^**  Utrom  apod  Gracos  an 
apid  WoBMnes  magis  onculta  faerit  oivilb 
eoieMia."— AothoBT  Giant,  Student  io  Civil 
Um,  and  Fellow  of  New  College. 

MmgHsk  £ssay«— •<  The  ohaiaeter  of  So- 
crates, as  described  hj  his  disciples  Xeno* 
phoa  and  Plato,  nnder  the  diffeieat  pointe 
of  view  in  which  it  is  eootenplated  by  each 
of  thitt."— Herman  Merivale,  B.  A.  late 
floholar  of  Trinity,  now  Fdlow  of  BaHiol. 

Imim  rme.— «  Tyras."~W.  PaJsaer, 
Demy  of  Magdalen. 

English  Ferte  (NewdigaU.— «  The  Afri* 
can  Deseit."— O.  KettOby  Richards,  Seho- 
km  of  Triaky. 

Jum  1 7.— The  foHowinc  svb|eelB  are  pro- 
poeed  for  the  Chi^ncellor's  Priiee,  for  the 
ensoing  year,  viz. : — 

Fbr  Utin  f^ene,^*'  Numaatia." 

#br  on  ffy^glisAEsM^.--**  On  tbo  Use  Mid 
Ab«e  of  Theory." 

Ar  a  Ltim  Essay.— «« Qasaaam  tmrh 
Oratonmi  Attioonua  apod  Popalnm  anota- 


Sir  Bfftr  KmcHgat^t  Priu,^¥w  the 
best  compasitioa  la  E^tish  vome^«*  The 


.  THesiiviaaiiVtxe^MseilBMdJiflset,  Itti. 
— **  The  evidaaoe  deduoed  Irom  prophaey, 
Iq.snppoft  of  the  fruth  of  Chfistieaity.** 


CAMWIDOg,  Jtmt  10. 

Sir  WHIiam  Brawae's  thiae  gaM  medals 
tot  the  preeeat  year,  wesa  awarded  as  fel- 

law  x^^. 

Greek  (M-.— «  Iljssi  Lnas.'*-4.  HiMi. 
yard,  ChVi«»Co]len. 

^alia  adb.w«tmHi."*^  Raaa  Ka*. 
^ady,Trku  College. 

•  I  Qrmk  Mfigrmm-^*  TgnnJt  —  i«J.«  >' 
«.•■   ^laanMAA.  Jaaf,  »MdL 

.9 


aad  Utin  Mpifrmm^**  tmOk  mAv 
4|aia.*'-.W.fltsherbirt,  Qaeea's  Gallefft? 

JwM  I •^-^Memken^ INani,  The  Bi5m 
lore  prlies  weia  awaided — iha  6tn  la  Ida. 
Hairbeii  fltiberbert»aad  the  eaaoadta?ha. 
iadraU  PbUl^,  both  of  THaiiy  CaHsgi, 
Tha  asaal  iwisa  of  fifteen  guineaa  wis 
awarded  to  A.  W.  Chatfiehl,  uodefgmdaiie 
af  Trinity  CoUega. 

Tlie  following  are  the  respeetiva  eatjeetat 

BkHrAelnrs— «  Qaantam  momeati  ad  sta- 
dium rsi  Theokigidm  promoveodan^  habeit 
literarum  humaaiorum  caltas  ?'* 

Undergraduatett—^*  Que  sit  forma  IleXi- 
eviac  ad  GrsMise  renaeeetiCis  ftatam  optfani 
accfimmodata  ?  " 

The  Porson  prize  (for  the  best  transla- 
tion of  a  passage  from  Shakspeare  bto 
Greek  vcrsal  was  adjodced  to  Cha.  Rana, 
Keuncdy,  of  Trinity  Coll. —Subject  :—IU- 
men  and  Juliet,  Act  9,  Scene  9,  beginnlmr 
««  He  Jests  at  soars,  &c."  and  ewfiag,  <«  lU 
BO  longer  be  a  Capulet.'* 

Royal  Humans  Socibtt.  ' 

The  Committee  have  offorsd  a  Priae  M^ 
dal,  or  Thirty  Guioees,  for  the  beeC,  aiU 
a  Silver  Medel,  or  Fifieea  Qulnem,  for  tha 
second  best  Medical  Essay  oa  tha  saldec| 
of  Suspeaded  Animation,  aad  tha  heel 
nmeas  of  restoriug  Lifo  i  as  wall  as  the  beH 
aad  moa  approved  Apparatas  to  be  ased  for 
that  purpose.  The  poiaU  lo  be  sp^feiallf 
cmbraoed  by  this  Eesay  have  baaa  drawa  aa 
bv  BenJ.  CoUins  Brodia,  Esq.,  Surgeon  of  S|. 
CUorge's  Hospital,  aad  a  awmbar  of  tha 
Committee,  as  follows :  viju*- 

«  To  deurmioe  the  Physiological  aheo^ 
Biena  which  ocoar  in  came  el  death  ftom 
drowniu,  straaguUlioo,  tha  respiralioa  ^ 
gases  which  are  unfit  for  the  mainunaaca  of 
lifr,  Ughtaiagy  and  exposare  lo  intenae  ealdi 
aad  to  espUia  the  medical  aad.  saiglaal 
IrsataMot  which  should  be  employed  for  tha 
recovery  of  persona  who  are  in  daager  af 
perishing  firooi  any  of  the  abovameationed 


Each  Essay  offered  for  this  Prlia  must  ha 
delivered  Co  the  Secretary,  at  the  Soelaty's 
House,  ae,  New  Bridge-stteet,  oa  or  hefoee 
Nuv.  go,  1830. 

Shakspkarb. 

A  Paper,  of  which  the  following  is  a  coap , 
haa  beea  airoulated  ensongJthe  aKMaiaflB- 
eotial  members  of  society-»it  eaplaiM  |g# 
fow  words  im  omm  obJaeK  aad  afeldiag  very 
Judiciously  all  details,  aiais  atasoettabl% 
.the stale  ofiht  paHliaaaiad;-  wlih  lagaal  to 
the  Bro)eet  of  payiagt  wiSaah  aa  teraiad-(m 
nor  laet  NuarfMr)  *a  lo«g  asgleotad  da^  la 
the  memory  of  Hhnhipeiia  '  11  b  a  pwtt, 
which,  if  eaeettiidasi|htp  vin  laqaiit  all  tha 
aad  takanaidadVy  public  ■inTiiiiiii, 
eaa  habraai^.lohiaraBoail.  'Of 
geaios  of  the  poilt'  ii-  amy  W  anU^  has 


.1 


f  '. 


649 


jintiquarian  Retearchetk 


£Jm;». 


-tr^oied  lu  own  monument.  This,  w«  coo- 
tttidy  it  not  the  quettion  for  contideration, 
-for  such  «n  ergament  wouM  strike  at  the 
.root  of  all  national  Honoraria.  The  true 
enquiry  it  this— ^whether  a  nation's  gratitude 
.should*  or  should  not, -be  evinced  towards 
'him,  who  has  done  so  muoh  for  his  country's 
•literature;  and  given  every  Englishman  one 
of  hia  best  reasons  for  being  proud  of  the 
■soil  that  bore  him. 

It  is  pr<^>osed  to  erect  a  monument  to 

.Shakspeare»  **  worthy  of  the  Genius  of  the 

Poet,  the  progress  of  the  Arts,  and  thie 

grandeur  of  the  Empire."    To  effect  this 

•object  it  appears  desirable  that  a  Public 


Meeting  be  called,— a  Subscriptioa  set  op 
foot»— and  a  Treasurer,  of  hign  eharaeter» 
appointed*  That  such  subsenption  do  aol 
exceed  Ten  Pmmdt  from  any  individiial  i  •■4 
that  it  be  unrestricted  at  to  tmellnwi  of 
•meunk  That  »  Committee  of  NoblMMi 
and  Gentlemen*  not  less  distinguished  Ibr 
their  public  and  private  worth*  than  fbr 
their  love  of  Literature,  (as  a  guaiantet  %m 
the  Subscribers  for  taste  in  the  executhnijof 
the  Memorial,  and  for  integri^  in  tbn  ma- 
nagement of  the  Fuuds]  be  chosen  to  oanj 
the  necessary  proceedings  into  full  effeet'  ■» 
Here  follows  a  list  of  Noblemen  and 
jnen  of  known  taste  and  talent. 


ANTIQUARIAN  RESEARCHES. 


.1 


SOCIBTY  OF  AnTIQUARISS. 

May  97.  Henry  Hallam,  esq.  V.  P.  in 
the  Chair. 

Tlie  Rev.  John  Gould,  B.D.  of  Magdalen 
College,  Oxford,  and  Rector  of  Beaconsfield, 
was  elected  Fellow  of  the  Society. 

Dr.  John  Brereton  exhibited  a  silver  coin* 
firand  in  Dorsetshire. 

The  remainder  of  Bamaby  Rich's  Trea- 
tise on  Ireland  was  read ;  as  was  an  Essay 
"  on  the  origin  of  Columnsr  Architecture, 
by  William  Hosking,  Esq.  F.S.A."  Tlie 
writer  considers,  that  in  the  infancy  of  the 
world  stone  was  employed  for  sacred  edifices 
alone ;  that  the  rude  cromlechs  and  altars 
were  the  first  efforts  of  architecture  ;  that 
from  the  combinations  of  such  erections  (as 
at  Camac*  Stonehenge,  &c.)  arose  the  first 
temples,  which  are  known  to  have  been 
without  roofs  ;  and  that,  therefore*  the  hy» 
pothesis  which  has  l>een  generally  enter- 
tained)  thst  the  idea  of  columns  was  derived 
from  the  trunks  of  trees,  which  supported 
the  domestic  habitations  of  the  patriarchs, 
is  groundless  and  incoherent,  there  being  no 
connexion  between  their  domestic  and  reli- 
gious architecture. 

Mr.  John  Burton  presented  No.  10,  of 
his  ^*  Excerpta  Hieroglyphica,"  conuining 
many  Egyptian  antiquities  executed  in  litho- 
graphy. 

Tlie  Society  adjourned  over  Whitsuntide, 

June  10.  Hudson  Grumey,  esq.  V.  P.  in 
4he  Chair^ 

John  Newman* Esq.  Architect,  was  elected 
fellow. 

W.  Nieol*  Esq.  of  Pall  Malt,  exhibited 
a  roll  of  the  Peers,  who  met  in  Parliament 
at  Westminster*  in  7  Edw.  VI.  with  their 
arms  beautifully  iHumiuated. 

Sir  R.  C.  Hoare*  Bart.  F.S.A.  presented 
•  to  the  Society  four  drawings  of  the  Roman 
'|Mnremente  and  remains  discoverad  at  Pitney* 

•Somerset  (see  p.  17). 

J  R.  Planch^,  l^).  F.S4.  oOtOMlid  an 


elegant  antique  snuff-box,  or  mitt*  IbnMd  of 
a  variety  of  fine  woods,  with  a  fignri  om  ^ 
top  of  a  beau  of  the  age  of  James  the  Finli 
inlaid  in  ivory.  The  exhiUtlon  waa  Ulna* 
trated  by  n  dissertation  on  the  aavff hbUV  or 
mull. 

Thomss  Bird*  Esq.  F.S.A.  tent  n  te- 
count  of  a  verv  beautiful  tessellated  Mir*» 
ment  discovered  at  Bishopstone,  near  Keafe* 
Chester*  co.  Hereford*  in  the  year  Itlfty 
accompanied  by  a  drawing  by  Mr.  OMWtgm 
Wade. 

The  Rev.  John  Skinner*  F.S.A.  oommii* 
nicated  a  synoptical  account  of  the  ditcovo* 
ries  at  Camerton,  in  Somersetshire*  betweieo 
the  years  1815  and  1819*  with  m  diaaaittiv 
tion  in  support  of  his  idea*  that  Camefto 
was  the  site  of  a  Roman  atation  nawj 
Camelodunura. 

June  17.    Mr.  Gumey  in  the  Chair. 
John  Britton,  Esq.  F.S.A.  exhibHad  Mv 
veral  drawings  executed  under  his  directloo 
of  the  Monumental  Chapel  of  Henry  V.  if 
Westminster  Abbey. 

Dawson  Turner,  Esq.  F.S.A.  exhibited  • 
curious  ancient  enamelled  bowl.  It  is  of  cop* 
per,  and  has  originally  been  gilt.  The  tnsidt 
IS  richly  omam^ited  with  arabeeque  ^oHift 
Interspersed  with  fignree  and  aninuds.  Tm 
whole  relieved  by  a  blue  ground.  At  the  back 
of  the  bowl  is  engnved  a  kith-shaped  shield* 
bearing  quarterly  pet  pale  ...  bendst  aod4 
lion  rampant.  The  vessel  Is  furnished  with 
a  spout*  in  the  form  of  an  aaimal'e  bfnd* 
which  communicates  with  the  bowl  hj  iom 
or  five  perforations  in  the  side*  forming 4 
strainer.  It  is  possible  this  expecfieM  vat 
adopted  for  pouring  out  the  liquid  in  thn 
bowl,  clear  of  the  spices  or  substantial  ingr»- 
dieoU  which  it  might  contain*  This  splendid 
vessel  is  as  old  at  least  as  the  early  part  of 
the  ISth  century. 

Edward  Hawkins,  Esq.  F.SA.  (Keeper  of 
Antiquities  and  Coins  in  the  BritishMaaenm] 
exhibited  a  gold  medal*  fbood  In  a  peat  bq( 
el  AmpthUl,  in  Bedfordshim  i  itbftirahhed 
with  a  loop  hf  iUipeosiefl»  aod  bcMs  tke 


Alifii«ruBi  JUiitfeAM.— Srlfcl  Potirp. 


Bit 


,  ifpuflly  of  liw  BotuM  hod  origlMlly  btloMod  to  tbo 

•  appiMi  w  bovt  Stffb  of  SwM  at  Uw  aferl*  of  ibo  orolii* 

4  bj  o  pooeli  hoviog  tht  figure  hi  Uoloft  oppoofod  to  bo  of  tm  nUilt  of  tho 

bjr  pwag  tho  tlifai  plolt  or  goU  Itih  eoatorjr,  ood  ot  thoio  b  do  foooid  «■• 

tht  ModJ  oo  o  oo^o,  aod  ghriog  btiof  of  tho  HotCoInt  io  ooMlioo  htii^  hi 

'     ofih#Prioftof8i.9pifMLt«oi 

._     ^     u  woro  tHpllortod  by 

ioho  Oi^,  Eif.  Diftctor,  eooinraBieotod  %m  Appto£s  of  ueiooidoidt»aad  UUiltttoi 

•  MoMoiroaihofoaMhMofihoHoMolriiof  by  tovorol  «oll-fioithod  and  l«i«hM  dmvhip^ 

|hoPrtonofLtww,8oaUiwk,  aotkodby  bjMr.Booklor,, 


blowt  io  thot  iidMiiooi  01 
ul  bordtr  ood  iatcripcioo  torrooadt     ot  eorlj  ot  that  dalt. 

Mr.  Qogo'a 


voaotpoodoBi  A>«*  K>f  hi  oor  Mtga*     oho 

Ibr  ApfU.    Mr.  Cbco't  mgtoioo*  aad     aad 

Imsmj  Emmf  mtmm  to  fiivoiir  the  idoa         1 


offohiNotnnil  doliilt 
Tho  tUluHUi  of  iho  Sookty  «ofo  ibM  id- 
bj  ovr  oocfotpoadtaty  ihot  iho     Joorood  ootil  November. 


SELECT    POETRY. 


,CWM  CX)LLB«»  or  THE  HAG'S  GLEN. 

By  HtmiY  lRAIIOaiTH»iMIL 

ry^M  Colleo,  CwM  Gollee,  hit  rboe  tho 
iDoro»  [horo  i 

AodhRtho  it  the  BOli  of  tho  hnator^t  olid 
Tho  fopoon  are  elimbiag  the  moootaio't 
tlMp  tide»  [pfidt. 

Aod  tho  hibo  of  KiOamej  borMa  forth  io  tit 
Bol  motb'o  tploodhi  (loriM  one  daarobg  hi 


CvA  CottaOf  fcr  ihao  over  oKNiolaioaadpbiot 
Aad  twooi  «ho«gh  oil  oatuio  awwid  thoo 


Thy  de»«>hiio  vallcjf  la  looelj  aad  dioar  i 
•For  bright  ihoAcii  the  tonloamt  of 

log  Biay  loioe^  [thioo ! 

The  ouiM  of  the  BMirdoicd»  Cwm  Collee,  It 

Tlio  imrrett  of  tominer,  tho  verdore  of 

■priogf 
The  ever-grteo  arbote,  the  bee  oo  the  wiag* 
The  thanrock  eothrhiiog  the  potriot*t  grave, 
Tho  bark  at  it  glidct,  like  a  lay  o*er  the  wave— 
Eaeh,  all  have  their  beaotiet  i  for  halbw  the? 

Dot  [tpotr 

SoBO  legeod  of  Erio,  sadm  loog-ehonthed 
Aod  cold  b  the  boaom  that  owot  oot  the 

tpell  [cell  I 

Of  Thbroobo«rt  maideo  aad  deodaloogh't 
For  ploatore,  thoogh  chilled  by  the  tempettt 

of  Truth,  [youth. 

Rovivce  with  tho  tceoet  aad  the  legeodt  of 

Cvn  C'ollee»  Cwm  CoIlee»  time  wat  wheo  I 

itood,  [the  flood. 

Where  looo  CarrwD  Tool  frowot  high  o'er 
Aad  oftt  ot  arooDd  mo  the  aigfat-vapourt 

caiiedf  [world ; 

I  deem'd  them  tho  creaturee  of  tome  &ify 
Oft,  too,  at  the  livcr  that  flowed  at  my  feet. 
Seat  ap»  teareely  hoafd»  ita  tad  mormort 

aad  twcot» 
Methoocht  'twat  the  tigh  of  toiM  mortal 

ttat  died,  [ricido» 

Horlad  dowD  from  yoa  rodt  by  the  dark  oar- 
life'a  btt  partiDg  marman^  tht  tigh  of  do> 

tpoir :—  [thora ! 

Cwm  CoUoty  the  voieo  of  tht  mwydirtd  b 

Yh  thmblem,  aad  ohttrlewj  oad  draar 

though  tho  vaia,  [tab. 

Aad  fearful,  aad  deathful,  aad  gloomy  tho 


Still,  ttill,  'mid  each  vbioa  of  horror  that 
teemt  [beamai 

Arouad  me  to  flit  'oeoth  the  mooa't  palHd 
I  love,  with  the  feolttepe  of  chOdhood  to 
ttray  [the  fey. 

Where  thowt  the  grtea  cirebt  the  ibot  of 
For  oh !  if  life  really  hath  oao  tuaoy  hour. 


Tb  whea    we    re-vitH  youth't  eiergina 

[tho  oLfai, 
Aod,  borttiag  of  Earth't  worUuy 


bower. 


OwB  valley»  aad  aonataia,  aad  lofMid  agaia. 
Ftt,  97. 

Oa  ike  Ftrtmn  ^thi  Meeting  ^Heetar  mi 
Andnmaekef  kp  William  Sothbiy,  Jbf* 
iniettded  as  a  ^pcctmca  ^  a  luie  TVaai* 
lohow  ofHomer^s  Jtiad. 

By  John  TiTLOa,  Eeq. 

IMPELL'D  by  Emubtion't  nobb  leal. 

The  Mote  of  Sotrkbt  to  feote  aaptaatt 
The  eharmt  of  Miao  the  hat  oMMb  at  feel. 
And  BOW  the  toari  to  HoMu't  lofty  flr|t» 

F6pi,  tayt  the  tatirbt,  employ'd  a  BaooM, 
To  iweep  hb  pottage  o'er  tho  Qracba 
way. 
But  SoTHiav,  to  flod  the  Poet't  hoom, 
Re«|uiree  ao  gaide,  aad  aaod  aol  fear  to 
ttray. 

Pope  gave  with  beauty  the  Mttoaba  aago. 
More  oratkal  thaa  ttroog  hb  floiiiig 
lioet, 
While  SoTHtiT  hat  caught  th*  herole  ngo, 
Aod  both  with  twoetaom  aad  with  vigoar 
thioet. 

Theo,  SoTHUY,  with  ■atir'd  itMiigth  pio- 
ceed, 
Siace  Nature  gave  to  thaa  a  Potft  toaU 
So  thall  with  Joy  the  ttaraeal  oritio  laad^ 
Aad  own  thy  pow'rt  eaa  gnypla  with  tba 
whob. 


Ah !  were  oar  BtAOMCWT  *  yol  aUvo  to  1 

Thy  geahm  thaa  taa  ¥on  aad  Hama 

fiead,  .V**» 

How  wouhi  hb  gta'foat  haort  mbm^ 

hiOtho  Bard,  lha8iMi#,Mr^ 


To 


FHcad! 


«  The  bit  Sir  Oooigt 


■■■'  ■   I    6W-'^      ■■  ;  ■  ^  iJtm, 

HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 


PROCBBDINGS    IN    PARLIAMENT. 


Houst  or  Lords,  May  14. 
Th«  Duke  offVeUington  presented  a  Mee- 
'Mige  from  the  King,  in  which  hit  Majesty 
Wis  pleHed  to  hiform  Parliuaent,  that  it 
iHm  loconvenient  and  painful  to  him,  in 
consequence  of  severe  indispositioo*  to  sign 
«Hth  his  own  hand  public  instruments  re- 
quiring the  SiON-MAifUAi.  The  King  recom- 
mended  to  his  faithful  Parliament  to  adopt 
such  measures  as  would  enable  his  Majesty 
to  give  due  effect  to  such  puhlic  instrusnents 
without  his  signature  during  his  temporary 
indisposition.— ^After  a  few  words  from  Earl 
Grei/f  who  observed  that  he  considered  tlus 
a  question  of  great  importauce,  and  that  it 
was  necessary  to  proceed  with  great  eircum- 
«  spection,  in  order  that  no  improper  prece^ 
dent  might  be  introduced,  an  Address  was 
voted,  returning  thanks  to  his  Majesty  for 
his  gracious  Message,  assuring  his  Majesty 
that  his  faithful  Parliament  learned  with  re- 
gret that  his  Majesty  was  labouring  under 
severe  indisposition,  from  which  they  prayed, 
under  favour  of  Divine  Providence,  that  he 
might  be  speedily  relieved — and  assuring  his 
'Majesty,  tliat  the  House  would  procevd 
without  delay  to  ado|>t  such  measures  as 
would  enable  his  Majesty  to  give  the  same 
effect  to  public  documents,  during  his  Ma- 
jesty's temporsrv  indisposition,  as  if  they 
had  received  his  Majesty's  sign-manual. 

Tlie  Earl  qf  Aberdeen  laid  upon  the  table 
the  official  documents  relative  to  the  affairs 
of  Greece.  The  noble  Earl  sMtsd  that 
Prince  Leopold  had  declined  the  proffered 
sovereignty  of  that  country.  From  the  90th 
of  February  until  within  the  last  few  days 
the  delay  in  the  Prince's  acceptance  of  the 
sceptre  of  Greece  had  been  occasioned  by 
pecuniary  demands,  which  had  at  last  been 
assented  to;  but  on  the  21st,  \\e  had  re- 
ceived an  intimation  from  his  Royal  High- 
ness of  his  determination  to  resign  the 
throne  which  he  had  so  recently  accepted. — 
JUnrd  Durham  thoi^ht  that  the  noble  Earl 
ought  to  have  abstained  from  entering  upon 
the  subject  of  his  Royal  Highness's  resigna- 
tion, seeing  that  it  was  neither  more  nor 
less  than  an  aecosaitioQ  founded  upon  papers 
not  before  the  House,  but  in  his  Lordship's 
own  possession. — ^The  Marfitess  of  London- 
deny  said,  that  he  had  always  considered 
"tib  Royal  Highness  wrong  in  ever  looking 
at  all  to  become  the  sovereign  of  a  people 
Jike  the  Greeks-  ^is  lordship  added*  that 
he  theught  that  Russia  had  an  intention  of 
gearing  Greece  as  she  had  done  Poland. 

...Ip.  the  flouiE  or  Commoms,  the  same 
day,  Sir  Rotter t  Peel  brought  up  a*  Message 
from  his  M«j«^sty,  to  the  same  effect  as  that 


in  the  Lords  introduced  by  the  Diik#  «f 
WellingtoB,  when  aa  MAtttm^  siaAsr  to 
the  one  voted  by  their  Lovdskipsy  *ftM 
agreed  to. 

Sir  Robert  Peel  Kroiighc  up  %  umber  of 
papers  relative  to  the  affairs  oiQutMCKftmA 
stated,  that  the  expeetatioos  entertuna^  bgr 
his  Majesty's  Govemnsent  that  Prinee  i^ao- 
pold  would  be  the  Sovereign  of  Greece  were 
disappointed,  for  that  his  Highness  had 
signified  to  his  Majesty's  Government  his 
intention  to  abdicate. — Mr.  Brougham  tMi^ 
that,  under  all  the  circumstances^  he  wu 
not  at  all  surprised  that  Prince  Leopold  had 
declined  the  proffered  honour. 

On  the  motion  of  Sir  RukeH  PtH^  the 
House  resolved  itself  toto  a  Cemaitilee  te 
the  FoROERY  Bill.    On  the  elsMse  being 
read  for  making  the  forgery  of  Eacheqner 
bills,  promissory  notes,  Cio.  acapkai  offMee, 
Sir  Jattei  Maekintoth  roee,  for  the  purpose 
of  moving  an  instraction  to  thn  Cemroittee 
to  aboHsh  the  panishnent  of  deeth  hk  all 
eases  of  ftn-gery.    Tlie  alteratiooe  thai  be 
begged  to  propose  were,    that  the  Court 
which  sentenced,  night,  instead  of  death, 
appropriate  imprtsonnseai  with  haid  khettr 
for  mure  than  1 4  years,  with  power  to  order 
solitary  coofineosent  when  required,  or  that 
the  Court  should  sentence  to  ttansportation 
beyond  the  seas  for  more  than  14  years ; 
and  if  any  case  of  eatraordinary  atrpoity 
should  occur,  the  Court  to  have  the  lifhi 
to  order  both  terns  of  punishment,  the  one 
to  commence  at  tlie  conclusion  of  the  other. 
He  also  proposed,  that  the  right  which  the 
Colonial  Governments  exercised  of  abricfging 
the  period  of  bauishment  shouJd  be  with- 
drawn, and  that  no  mitigation  should  take 
place,  without  an  appeal  to  the  Throne  i|- 
sslf.^i^ir  Rotert  Peel  said,  that  it  mmid 
not  be  prudent  entirely  to  abolnh  the  pa« 
nishment  of  death.    If  the  punishment  of 
death  were  removed,  the  fear  of  imprison- 
ment would  not  operate  as  a  sufficient  dis- 
couragement.     He  should  fcel  happy  to 
sgree  to  some  mitigation  of  tlie  law,  if  aay 
were  proposed  to  which  he  cotdd  eonseiett- 
tiously  accede;  but  he  must  now  expjreis 
his  conscientious  convicUon,  that  ^  pr^ 
sect  proposition  would  not  tend  to  the  sup- 
pression of  crime.'^Mr.  JBfOvgAam  lelt-'hini« 
self  bound  to  come  to  an  opposite  conclusion 
to  tliat  of  the  Right  Hon.  Gentlensao.  IfwAs 
pretenrled  that  the  retention  of  the  piynia^- 
ment  of  death  was  necessary  for  tlite  prote^ 
tlon  of  private  bankers ;  hut  the  table  groaoM 
under  the  petitions  which  those  persons  had 
presented,  praying  for  the  abolitioB  of  Ant 
fun»hsoent.-^Mr.  F.  Bmrtom  aoppoMed  lib* 
idment,  and  said,  thnt  ikf  m  as  it  at 


yaao.)      Procetdn^  ^  ih4  frmM  Sm§itm  of  PmrimmmU  Mt 


fcitry 


ItOO^    IbiUimA  ptfUMM    10   MCMlll 


iMgtry  «|M»  nioi  would  h*  hk  teing  impri- 
M9t4  for  liii  m4  kapi  lo  bard  Uboiur»  bt 
ap«oU  rtfy  fotdilj  yrottwif ;  bat  vbn  bt 
kB«w  tba(  tb«  ratttU  «f  a  eosYioikm  wm 
dmOk.  Ym  hU  hm$t\(  dtMrrad.— Mr.  C  /T* 
M^m  mmtmnM  Um  Um  pMitbAtol  of 
dfMb  ov^bft  MH  10  bt  ini'iMAd  eiMDft  u 
Macs  of  Um  ytottH  Monl  fiiilli  Mftif  on 
«bot  ffDoad,  oogbt  set  lo  bo  VfilMd  to  oi^ 
^Raorr  mam  of  fotgorjr-^r  •/•  Yoriw  op> 
BOMd  tbo  wntodtBOoW-^f  ir  T.  ^c^ontf  «m 
tm  fiMToor  of  tbo  Bill  m  H  sow  •tood.^Afttr 
o  Cio  proftdt  in  wpknattoo  from  Sir  IL  Pml 
Mad  Mf .  BrmihMMp  the  Connitttt  dividtdy 
wbeo  dMti  »ppf  »rcd  ■  For  the  AiModoMOt, 
nil  A^MMt  it,  IM.  Hm  MsoiaiH 
fkuMts  wore  tlioa  ogratd  to. 

lloui»  OP  LooDSf  ility  96. 
Tbo  tcnl  ChtrntOtr  broi^bt  io  oBillfor 
tbe  crtotion  of  •  power  for  affixing  tbt  Iio|«l 
iig— fro,  by  maoot  of  •  Ha»p,  to  iartm- 
mmtM  VHioiriBf,  in  ordioM7  fMot,  lo  b* 
aiirhwricmtl  by  tbo  tlcn  omoiioI  of  tbt 
Sovereign.  The  Letrotd  L<ord  vtiy  tlttrijr 
tod  sotis£Mtorily  dtttiltd  tht  leeurititt  to 
bt  ttltUitbtd  tgainet  to  obutt  of  thot  power. 
No  oppotilito  wtt  laiitd  tfaiatt  tbe  stw- 
sure,  tod  tbt  Bill  was  read  the  firet  tioM.  A 
CowUitt  wae  tbto  oppoiattd  to  ttafth  for 


lo  pkciof  ibU  liAiitd  fomMibUlly  in  ibo 
bowk  of  blioieltft.  Tbt  Dig  wit  tki« 
ooinmittod.»Tht  Lord  Cktmeelhr  m9m$ 
that  the  three  pereoaa  iircMOt  at  tht  tigoiaf 
■boold  bt  BtBibtra  of  tbo  Piivy  Ghw^ 
aad  that  oot  tbooid  oltta  tbo  HlobM^ 
Agretd  to-^-It  wae  alto  i^ntd  tbet  tSf 
•taoip  thoold  bt  affiatd  by  bit  Jtfijtetjr^o 
ooftodj  given  by  word  of  BMWith.  ■  ggyf 
Grt^  propoeod  that  hie  Nmtecy  aboold 
bnow  tbt  Btaaii^  of  tht  loetruiMot  bdfaiw 
jt  wtt  elHoptdt  ■>  ordtr  to  tffeot  wbioh  » 
lotmoraodttn  should  bt  iodontd  npoo  tbo 
inrtruBntot,  with  tht  ototNary  tipUntiioav 
^Afier  a  few  words  from  Lord  Malmeibmryg 
the  Lord  CkMtueUor  laid  bt  would  not  ob- 
jea  to  tbt  nropoeltioau— Afttr  a  vtrial 
amtndaitnti  toe  Bill  patitd  through  tbt 
Coounitlte,  wae  reportod,  read  a  third  tiaa» 
and  pateed. — The  duration  of  the  mtteana  it 
liaiiud  to  withia  a  mooth  after  tbo  vttliog 
of  tht  Beat  Seaeion  of  *^   " 


Hoiwt  or  Com  MOM,  May  8€. 

Sir  TkamM  D.  Adaod  moved  ibr  leave  to 
brmg  in  a  Bill  to  protect  coach  proprittoia 
aiiio*t,attiana  to  recover  the  valne  of  nar- 
oela  in  all  caatt  of  uodot  cooctalaatot  of  the 
valat  of  auoh  parotia  by  the  partita  to  wboai 
tbty  btloaged.  They  wart  williag  to  bt  a^ 
oniintabit  for  paictla  to  tht  valut  of  fkOL 
witboat  aay  aotioe  btiag  givta«— Afttra  law 
woffda  fioaa  ^>  T.  Fromanilt  and  Mr.  AT. 
Caimrtt  tbt  moticm  waa  tgrctd  to. 

After  a  law  wocda  firom  Str  J.  Frmmmdk 
and  Mr.  V,  Cobxrt^  oa  tht  motion  of  Mr. 
AnniiWB  tbe  4  per  otBt.'t  diaaent'a  BUI  waa 
Jtad  o  third  tioae,  and  paaaed. 

Hcioat  or  Iaeim,,  Moy  97* 

Tbe  £.ord  Chaneeilor  moved  tbt  tecood 

reading  of  the  Bill  to  enable  a  G>mmittee 

.|o  afta  the  8«||a  Manoal  lo  public  docn- 

-Tbt  JE«r<  of  mnckdsm  obeerved, 

a  ptaotdaot  might  bt  hticafttr 

oasvorttd  lo  purpoata  aot  only  daagtrooa 

.aod  aobvortivo  of  tbt  Royal  prtrontivt,  b«t 

abo  of  ifaa  r^hu  imd  libcrtiea  c^  rarliamtat 

and  of  ibt  ptoplt.— Tht  DmH  qf  frtUugtan 

mii»  that  tbt  Ball  waa  iatrodoMd  aoltly  (or 

tbt  porpoac  of  Palieviog  Hia  MajtOy  liroia 

tbt  grtat  6ligot,  wbiob  ia  hia  aituatioo  of 

Bovftifa,  bt  waa  fioqaaatly  oallad  apoo  to 


illatr  m  iKa  jptiiifa  «a|  tDttypiwf  *ilb 
tbt  Saaeiooi  bt  wogld  «#«  90  ajifaiptiitn 


In  tht  Houst  or  CoMMOHi,  tbt 
day,  the  Meaatngtta  from  tht  Lorda  broogbl 
up  tbe  BiU  to  eoablc  Coiamiaaiopcra  lo  mu 
the  Sign  Manual  to  public  docnmcata^  Sir 
it  Ped  aaid»  that  ia  movbg  tbt  fim  laaib' 
iag  of  tbo  BiU,  bt  Ml,  ia  oommoBWitb 
tbo  wbolt  natioo,  tbt  dttptat  ragrtt  i^ 
tht  occtaioa  which  called  for  tbia  mataara. 
It  waa  wUlj  in  oonitqatpct  of  hb  Mv 
Jtaty'a  iodiapoaitioo.  Aa  it  wat  daaiiib^ 
that  tbt  mtaaurt  ahould  paaa  with  aa  Uttlo 
delay  aa  poaaiblt^  ht  ahould  propoio  thai 
the  Bill  be  printed,  with  a  view  to  ila  paaa» 
iog  through  all  iu  atagta  tht  foUowmg  mghtf 
that  it  BMght  racetvt  the  Royal  Aaatot  00 
Saturday,  tbt  99th. — Afttr  a  t§w  woi# 
from  JLerd  AUkorp,  Sir  C.  IfHhertU,  Mr. 
Benmip  aad  Mr.  Unmard^  tha  BiU  waaiaad 
a  firat  and  acooad  time. 

Moy  91.  Sir  JL  Ptd  praacatad  9$  tbp 
Bar  oopiea  of  all  oommanicatioaa  hatwaap 
hb  Majeaty*a  Oovtmmaat  aad  Priaoa  Leo- 
pold rttMttiac  tht  Sovtrtigafy  ofOaaaia. 

Tbt  Sign  Manoal  Sobatitott  Bill  waa  rttd 
a  third  timt,  aad  paaatd. 

Mr.  (TCoimeU.  afttr  a  long  aniith» 
movtd  (or  leave  to  bring  in  a  Bill  fear  tba 
effectual  and  radical  reform  of  aboata  ia  tbo 
reprtteatatton  of  tbe  paoplt  in  tbt  Caii^ 
BUMBa'  Houat  of  Parliamtiit»  wbicii  w^  aa- 
gativtd  by  a  majority  of  30&^th$  ni 
beiog  for  tbt  motioo  13t  agaioat  it  910. 

Ijird  J.  RuateU  tbta  awvtd  iteolali— i 
liar  tbt  purpoat  of  panuitiag  eartaia  laiga 
towaa  to  atad  Mcaabara  to  Parliamaiit.  avd 
lo  girt  additional  Mambtra  to  plaeta  -w 
ffuiriiy  thorn,  which  wtn  lost  hg  a  P^t" 
rity  of  ^ — tbcrt  iiaiag  fur  tha  roinlafbiili 
U7,agiii|tit9U. 

JVay  it$.  Tbt  Hoaao  Mat  tbw  ^»  aad 

oniba  Miiap  of  ib«  C^BWiar  ^  M»  J^ 

■  atifiir,  ibmbi  warn  oaam  lo  ibi  |U«.  F. 


&50 


Proeeedingi  in  the  pntent  Smion  of  ParUtmunt 


IJwat, 


eell«nt  ScrmoD,  piwched  that  6kj  at  St. 
M«rg«r«t't  Chmchf  in  tht  praMoee  of  the 
Mtmbert. 

June  8.  Dr.  PhiUimore  mored,  *'  That  an 
humble  Addrett  be  presented  to  Hit  Ma* 
Jcstjt  praying  that  he  would  be  graciotttly 
pleated  to  give  directions  that  the  Commis- 
sion appointed  to  inquire  into  the  Eccle- 
•ieetieal  Courts  should  direct  their  inquiry 
also  into  the  state  of  the  lair  on  divorce^ 
and  report  as  to  the  expediency  of  establish- 
ing a  separate  tribunal,  with  power  to  decide 
finally  in  case  of  divorce."  The  motion  was 
negatived  by  a  roajority  of  57* 

Mr.  Sadkr  proposed  a  resolution  for  the 
consideration  of  the  House,  for  tlie  esta- 
blishment of  the  Poor  Laws  in  Ireland, 
which  resolution  was  negatived  without  a 

division. 

On  the  motion  of  the  Chancellor  qf  the 
Exchequer,  the  House  went  into  a  Com- 
mittee on  the  Beir  Bill. — ^Mr.  Monck 
^>rDpoeed  an  amendment  to  the  effect,  that 
no  licence  be  granted  to  persons,  uuless 
they  were  rated  at  152.;  or  in  cases  where 
the  possession  was  ex-parochial,  then  the 
wraual  value  of  the  premises  should  be  iOl. 
—The  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  said  that 
H  would  be  impossible  to  carry  it  into  effect. 
<— Sir  R.  Vyvyan  objected  to  proceeding 
with  the  discussion,  and  moved,  that  the 
House  report  procress.  The  House  divided : 
—For  Sir  R.  Vyvyan's  proposition,  59 ; 
Against  it,  101  ;  majority  against  the  mo- 
tion, 42.  — 

June  7.  On  the  motion  for  the  third  read- 
ing of  the  Forgery  Bill,  Sir  James  Mack' 
intoth  moved,  as  an  amendment,  the  taking 
away  the  punishment  of  death  in  all  cases  of 
forgery,  except  that  of  fbretng  wills,  which 
motion  was  seconded  by  Mr.  F.  Buxton, 
and  warmly  opposed  by  V\e  SoUcitor-geTieral, 
Sir  R.  Peel,  and  Sir  C,  fVethereU,  After  a 
long  debate  the  House  divided,  when  the 
Bnmbers  were,  for  the  amendment  151, 
against  it  188 ;  majority  against  Ministers 
IS.  When  the  amended  clause  was  l^rought 
up,  Sir  R,  Peel  said  he  must  now  bow  to  the 
o|rinion  of  the  House,  as  expressed  on  this 
subject.  He  begged  leave  to  say,  there- 
fore, that  he  withdrew  all  further  opposi- 
tion, and  as  he  would  be  one  of  the  last  to 
offer  any  vexatious  or  fiurtious  op|>osition 
vnder  such  circumstances,  he  bequeathed 
the  Bill  to  the  Right  Honourable  Sir  J. 
Mackintosh;  merely  taking  leave  to  say, 
that  his  opinions  remained  unchanged,  and 
that  he  thought  the  time  was  not  far  distant 
when  they  would  be  compelled  to  retrace 
their  course.  The  clause  was  then  con- 
toitted.  •— * 

June  10.  Mr.  O'Ccmndl,  whn  obsenr- 
iQg  that  it  was  a  great  haidship  that  the 
expenses  of  hnildiiig  and  repairing  Chorehes 
thoold  be  thrown  on  Cathollet  and  Protee- 
taat  Dissenters,  who  derived  no  aceon- 
'-•lodatioa  £rom  tiicb  buildings,  and  suting 


that  he  wanted  lo  put  the  hiw  widi  nspMl 
to  this  matter  oa  the  wne  lectlDg  •»  it 
was  in  EngUad,  and  to  reetore  ^bm  eom* 
mon  law,  which  had  been  eo  i«i«^  >n|}OT" 
seded,  moved  for  leave-  to  bring  fai  nHII 
to  alter  and  amend  the  ptieeut  kilr  n^ 
lating  to  vestries,  and  to  the  buldini^  «!' 
Churches  in  Ireland.  AfUr  soon  dtstuei 
Sfon,  the  House  divided,  whMi  them  nppaairw 
ed— For  the  motion,  17 1  AnfaMt  It,  141. 

Sir  C,  fTethereU  bro^ht  htwrnd  his  mo  • 
tion  relative  to  the  appointmeBl  of  a  amr 
Equity  Judge,  and  alter  a  hmg  nd  aU* 
speech  concluded  by  moving  i^  imnlalhii^ 
to  the  effect  that  the  HIbos*  sIioqU  Ml  «&. 
sent  to  the  appointment  of  a  tmw  Jad^ 
without  inquiry  bto  the  neomiht'of  H^ 
The  SoHeUor-genaral  said,  that  u  dM  BUI 
for  tlie  appointment  of  lia  eitm  Jiid|ga  'la 
the  Court  of  Chancery  shoidd  fNue  lato  a 
law,  it  would  be  the  greatest  boon  that 
could  be  bestowed  upon  the  eouatiy.— »Th» 
further  discussion  upon  the  mbtkm  #ao'll^ 
ferred. 

Mr.  Alderman  fFood  obtaiaed 


bring  in  a  Bill  to  prevent  the  ipreiilliU  cC 
canine  madness.    The  Bill  waa  fanu|it  tfk  ' 
and  read  a  first  tioie. 

June  16.  The  Canine  Mamtus  Bnx  mm 

read  a  second  time,  and  lefbriod  to  a^^ 
mittee. 

The  Libel  Law  Amckdmiiit  Biu.,  m4 
the  Usury  Laws  Bill,  were  raad  a  imoaadl 
time.  ^ 

June  17.  Mr.  BrougAom  moved  hr  Uam 
to  bring  in  a  Bill  for  regulating  LoeiL  4o- 
risoiction.  The  Bill  in  the  Irst  limiari 
he  should  confine  to  Kent,  Dnrifmir  aad 
Northumberiand ;  but  in  its  eoastroMifla  It 
would  apply  to  the  whole  eonatry.  Thk 
first  branch  of  his  Bill  provided  that  a  Jwb* 
diction  in  cases  of  debt  len  than  1001.  aad 
actions  for  costs  for  less  than  SOL  ehoold  bt 
given  to  the  Courts  whidi  he  piopoeod  to 
establish.  In  order  to  give  emet  to  thb 
change,  he  meant  to  give  these  Coati  a 
discretionary  power  in  deciding  imoa  oil 
such  pleas,  and  there  was  a  provnkm  to 
enable  parties,  with  the  consent  0f  tba 
Judge,  to  dispense  with  a  Jury  altogether. 
The  Bill,  afier  a  short  coBversatioai  wao 
read  a  first  time. 

June  1 8.  On  the  motion  ihat  the  AlHVff- 

NISTRATION   OP   JuSTlCE  BiLt   bc  TO  OOm 

mitted,  Mr.  Jones  repeated  hb  ohfeetibai 
to  the  proposed  alterations  in  the  osietiim 
Welsh  judicature.— Sir  C,  liFWAcfvil  oljtet- 
ed  to  the  Bill,  and  said,  that  nader  im  ar- 
rangement, all  the  law  for  Walw*  «ae  fai 
future  to  emanate  from  WestmiaitFr  Ball» 
so  that  it  would  have  the  effiset  of  eaaheagiag 
cheap  justice  for  dear. — Mr.  If^jtf.  TMor^ 
Mr.  I#^.  ff^jfmu,  and  others,-  eypwwad  «f  iha 
Bill,  and  afker  some  discussioa  a  dhieiaa 
took  phuse,  when  there  appeared  fe  Urn 
mothm  199;  egatastitao.  .      . ■» 


i8da] 


[    S5l    1 


FOREIGN    NEWa 


FRANCE. 

TIm  pfiwhitiwi  9i  th«Ki«ii  Miooa- 
^•Um  th*  ElMtoral  Colliftt,  wUtk  tp- 
muA  b  Um  Mottiimr  of  Um  UtK  J«m, 
Cm  OMMd  >  cootMtfhk  tf  Mtioa  ihwurfn 
oviUMkUgdott.  •«FrcacluBM!  (Myttbt 
KiasO  tba  Imi  Chuiber  of  DtfNiiaM  4b- 
imrded  ny  btentioot.  I  »m  totitted  to 
ftly  oa  its  coaeurrMM  to  ptrform  lb«  good 
vhiek  I  eoBtcmpUtcd.  That  eoocnrranot 
ildtaWd  HM  )  at  which,  at  the  lather  of  sy 
ptopU,  I  waa  afflictad  i  aad,  at  thair  tovo- 
vobniy  I  waa  oilandad  i  haoca  I  prouonacod 
4h«  diMolutioa  o£  the  Chamher.'*     The 

Eaclaaaatioo  then  proeeedt  to  addreea  the 
eetoral  Collrgef ,  exhorting  them  to  tlia 
fiuthfiil  diacham  of  their  duties,  and  thm 
coododea :  **  Kleeton !  hasten  to  repair  to 
mir  Eleetoral  Colleges.  Let  not  a  repre- 
heasihie  oMligeneo  denrite  them  of  your 
Bfesence !  A  aetuated  by  one  same  feeling; 
k  rallied  under  one  same  standard  I  Snch 
k  the  wqnest  of  your  King— ench  is  the  call 
of  a  4ther.    FiUfil  yoor  duties,  I  wUl  fulfil 


The  ministerial  election  circulars  are  in 
active  circulation  throughout  Prance;  and 
one*  that  of  M.  de  Polinae,  addressed  to 
.the  department  of  war,  has  obtained  publi- 
city. The  chiefs  of  the  divisions  are  autho- 
rised to  grant  furloughs  to  such  ofioers  as 
desire  to  exercise  their  electoral  rights ;  and 
they  are  instructed  at  the  same  time  to  ex- 
plain to  them,  *'  how  incompatible  with 
iheir  employments  any  conduct  would  be 
that  c»ppoaed  the  direction  which  his  Ma* 
jeaty  has  thought  moat  suitable  to  the  pre* 
cent  circumstancea  and  situation  of  the 
kingdom."  The  whole  of  the  French  cob- 
•tittmnt  body  does  not  much  exceed  80,000 
persons,  who  therefore  return  flMmkers  lor 
ai, 000,000  tahabicanta.  To  be  an  elector 
for  the  sasaUer  colleges,  it  is  necessary  to 
pay  Itt  sterling  to  the  state  ia 
aad  the  <|ualifeatio«  for  a 
«Ueior  is  frequently  40/.  or  601. 

THE  NETHERLANDS. 

The  lemion  of  the  States  General 
elosod  on  the  «d  of  June.  The  royal 
speech  read  oa  the  occeaioa  describes  the 
aittbg  10  havo  been  *'  crowned  bj  the 
heppiast  agreement  between  the  throne  and 
tha  repiesentatlvea  of  the  nation  on  the 
pointa  most  ImportaBi  to  both."  A  decfte, 
dated  the  7th  June,  pertly  repeab  and 
greatly  modif&ee  an  obooaloua  edict  ieraed 
anme  t«me  sinee  for  the  more  general  use  of 
Iha  Dutch  or  Flemish  kagnaga.  By  tha 
prasant  regulatioa  French  la  to  be  9pim 
■mplured  h  most  of  tha  Belgle  praeincai  In 
all  puMia  desamims  ead  kw  pleadiap. 


GERMANY.  \ 

A  convention  hae  been  ooochMkd  at  Eki* 
beck,  between  Haaover,  OUanhuig,  Brnaa- 
wick,  aad  Heeae  Caseell  i  iha  oljeel  if 
whkh  k  to  establish  a  reciprocal  f^isdom  af 
trade  among  these  states,  end  a  aamaiaa 
vmem  of  custom-house  and  exciee  dmiiib 
By  thk  treaty,  a  new  comaMreinI  terrkaiy 
w  created  in  the  north-west  of  (ierinanj, 
which  will  opea  adirect  commaaicalton  vitli 
the  sea,  and  consequently  with  the  adjoial^g 
coasto  of  Eogknd,  into  Saxony,  Sehwaiti* 
burg,  and  Reuse. 

ALQIERSw 

The  French  expedi^oo,  destined  for  tW 
attack  upon  Algiers,  effected  a  kndiaic  as 
the  Algerine  coast  on  the  Uth  of  JuMt 
The  fket,  which  on  the  11th  was  al  Vtkm^ 
sailed  on  the  ifth  for  the  ahoras  of  Aftiea» 
arrived  on  the  18th  in  the  Bay  of  8i4 
Ferach,  about  ten  keguee  dislsnt  firooi  AW 
gkrs  by  sea,  and  about  eight  by  land  i  and 
on  the  14th  the  immease  army  waa  kadad 
safely  on  the  Barbery  coast,  drove  back  tli# 
eaemy,  saiaed  the  heighu  of  Sidi  Fefaflh» 
aad  took  nine  plecee  of  cannon  md  !«• 
mortars  of  the  enemy,  whilst  the  flaet  wag 
riding  sakly  in  the  bay  of  Turretto  Chki, 
No  one  can  refuse  the  meed  of  praise  •• 
Justly  due  to  Admiral  Dujperre,  ftirthk  «oa| 
extraordinarily  rapid  landing. 

On  the  15th  of  May,  two  Frendi  biig^ 
the  SylhuevA  Aventwrr^  were  wrecked  on  tC 
Aftican  coast  whilst  watchinc  the  mota* 
meats  of  the  Algcrines.  Toey  eacapai 
from  the  veasel  in  safety,  but  soon  Ml  kUt 
the  hands  of  the  Arabs,  who  offend  ■• 
hostility  to  them,  on  their  yepreMntatia^ 
that  thiy  were  Engrishman.  Tha  Amhi 
took  the  two  coflBmanders  before  tha  Turkish 
authorities,  aad  the  latter  endeavoured  la 
extract  iaf«>rmataon  from  them  laspsotk^g 
the  expaditioo.  Meaawhik  an  at» 
appears  to  have  been  amde  by  the  Ft 
aouadroo  to  rceene  the  ahlpwrecked 
who  weea  in  the  nMwntains.  Thk  waa  tht 
sigaal  for  a  maasacrs,  and  on  tha  aoai* 
BMudsrs  and  tha  remaiader  of  tha  cram 
eaieriag  Akkra,  they  saw  the  heads  af  % 
number  cf  uieir  aoosradea  exposed  la  tho 
furious  populace.  The  European  oaaank 
proffered  every  eesistance  i  and  tha  acMal 
of  Sardiak  had  provkkd   teds  im  Mf 

^  SiaLY, 


Aa  eruption  cf  MannI  Etna 
on  the  16th  of  JuM,  whkh  dsamyadiigkl 
vilkgas,and  many  af  the  khsliUaan  wm 


buried  under  the  ruins  af  their 
kvalmd 

BNrpariad.    1W 

aeliianMN 


Thi 


[     669     ] 


CitiM. 


DOMESTIC    OCCURRENCES. 


INTELLIGENCE  FROM  VARIOUS 

PARTS  OF  THE  COUNTRY. 
jgg^hpny  Cctrriagn,'^June  14.  The  di- 
itctvn  of  the  Liverpool  end   Meechester 
RailireY  made  their  first  peblio  exhibition 
upon  the  line,  and  the  experiment  proved 
jBOst  »acceMfuU     The  Arrow  Bteam-engine 
AtBw  a  carriage  with  twelve  inside  passen- 
mtnt  anetber  with  thirty  outside,  and  seven 
ittrriagea    loaded  with  thkty-four  tons   of 
;rough  stone.     The  journey  from  Liverpool 
to  Manchester   (rather   more   than   thirty 
miles)  was  performed  in  two  hours  93^  mi- 
nutes, including  stoppers  for  water,  which 
occu|)Jed  13i  minutes.   They  left  Manches- 
ter Again  for  Liverpool  about  half-past  four 
ti'clocky    at  the  rate    of   about   2.S  miles 
the  hour,  drawing  two  very  large  carriages 
«wHh  upwards  of  fifty  passengers,  and  per- 
Ibnned  the  whole  distance  in  one  hour  46i 
minutes,    including   13   minutes    watering 
>od  to  set  down  a  passenger. 

The  introduction  of  Railways  is  likely  to 
be  as  beneficial  iu  improving  the  accommo- 
dation afforded  to  travellers,  as  in  increasing 
the  expedition  with  which  they  will  be  con- 
veyed. Some  of  the  carriages  which  have 
iieen  made  at  the  manufiictory  of  the  Liver- 
pool and  Manchester  Railway  Company,  for 
the  public  conveyance  of  passengers  on  the 
ftailway,  give  quite  a  new  idea  of  the  ease 
and  luxury  with  which  persons  may  in  future 
travel.  Most  of  the  carriages  to  be  used  as 
public  coaches  consist,  like  the  French  dili- 
^oces,  of  two  or  three  bodies  joined  toge- 
ther. Some  are  intended  to  accommodate 
four  persons  in  "each  body,  and  others  six. 
Between  the  sittings  is  a  rest  for  the  arms^ 
■nd  each  passenger  has  a  cushion  to  him- 
self ;  the  backs  are  padded  and  covered  with 
fine  cloth,  like  a  private  carriage. 

There  are  at  present  exhibiting  in  Edin- 
burgh three  large  models,  accompanied  with 
drawings    of  railways   and  their  carriages, 
invented  by  Mr.  Dick,  who  has  a  patent. 
These  railways  are  of  a  different  nature  from 
chose  hitherto  in  use,  Inasmuch  as  they  are 
not  laid  along  the  surface  of  the  ground,  but 
elevated  to  such  a  height  as  when  necessary 
to  pass  over  the  tops  of  houses  and  trees. 
The  principal  supports  are  of  stone,  and, 
]>eing  placed  at  considerable  distances,  have 
cast  iron  pillars  between  them.    The  car- 
riages are  to  be  dragged  «long  with  a  velo- 
city hitherto  unparalleled,  by  means   of  a 
rope   drawn  by  a  steam-engine,   or  other 
prime  mover— a  series  being  placed  at  inter- 
yalt  along  the  railway.    From  the  eonstruc- 
tion  of  the  railway  and  carriages  the  friotioa 
is  very  small. 

•  Bristol  Colfege. -— Juru  16.  A  special 
Wetlng  of  the  subscribers  to  thi*  jirojected 
Institution  vhis  heU,  when  it  appeared*  from 
the  Re|iort  that  23 R  shares  had  lieen  taken, 


leaving  only  78  to  be  disposed  of.  It  fur- 
ther appeared,  that  the  Council  had  been 
fliQch  oceupled  tn  endeaveMtriajg  to  l«d  a 
suitable  pUee  for  the  building,  but  wltlMt 
success,  and  in  the  mean  time  they  had  tAtp 
a  lease  for  three  years  of  the  nansioa  of  the 
late  Mr.  Wright,  in  Park-row,  as  a  tempo- 
rary establishment.  R.  Bright,  esq.  iBOirtd 
the  restoration  of  a  resolution  whieh  had 
been  rejected  at  the  general  meeting,  ft* 
esublishing  a  Theological  Lectureship  with- 
in the  College,  he  (Mr.  B.)  being  well  coi^ 
vinced  that  no  education  could  be  comf^Ms 
that  did  not  emlnttce  a  study  of  the  evidences 
of  Christianity  and  Bilile  Criticism.  Tfc* 
resolution  was  unanimously  agreed  to. 

LONDON  AND  ITS  VICINITY. 

Jime  9.    A  public  raeetlnc,  eoBVtntd  bjf 
the  committee  of  the  GenerMCometery  So- 
ciety, (see  p.  861)  was  held  w*  the  Fraeflia 
sons'  Tavern,  Lord  Milton  in  the  chair.  Thtt 
Marquis  of  Lansdowne,  la  moehig  tbo  irtt 
resolution,    declaring,    **  That    iuieiaieflit 
within  this  metropolis  is  highly  objectloMp 
ble,  leading  to  consequences  wjorioos  to 
health  and  ofiensive  to  decency,"  aslndl, 
was  it  fitting,  that  whilo  Liverpool»  the  ••> 
ttond  town  in  the  kincdom,  possessed  a-o*- 
■letery,  the  netropolis  should  be  without 
one  ?— Lord  Radstock  dwUred  himself  fis- 
vourable  to  the  plan.    Other  rtsolotioM^ 
establishing  the  company,  pledging  it  t* 
nee  every  ocoaony  in  the  cost  of  intenocM, 
and  also  that  the  shares  shonld  not  be  traiHH 
frrable  until  three-fifths  of  their  amouat 
ehould  be  paid  up,  were  proposed  and  j«|>- 
ported  l^  Mr.  Si>ottiswoode,  Sir  Robert 
Price,  Sir  J.  D.  Paul,  Mr.  Beaorooot,  Mr. 
Cardea  (the  projector  of  the  phm),  and  Mt, 
Foss ;  and  unanimously  adopted. 

The  competition  in  the  conveyance  of 
passengers  by  Steam-boats  is  daily  increasing. 
Inthe  course  of  the  ktst  fourteen  years,  toe 
itsam-vewels  have  risen  thirty-fold  in  neai- 
her,  andsix^  in  tonnage;  m  1814  we  had 
only  11,  and  iu  1838  there  were  388.  A 
spirited  contest  has  eomraeoced  between  the 
Steam  Navigation  Company  and  thf  inhaU* 
tants  of  Margate.  The  btter,  conoeivim 
that  the  fares  of  the  company  were  calou* 
lated  to  prevent  many  persops  from  visituig 
the  town,  determined,  at  a  meeting  heli 
some  time  since,  to  start  a  packet  theair 
selves.  A  very  elegant  and  commodioof 
vessel,  named  the  Royal  George,  bat  accof- 
dingly  been  completed,  and  regularlv  saib 
from  London  to  Margate,  at  reduced  fitfeif 
The  competition  between  Calais  aadLDodoo 
has  been  so  great,  that  passenger^  have 
be^n  conveyed  for  five  and.  three,  shilling^ 
and  even  gratuitously.  Th^  v^sel's  expeiPMi^ 
includitig  about  25/.  for  harbour  does  at  Ca- 
lais, are  about  50/.  for  each  trip. 


1880.]  [    *W     ] 

PROMOTIONS    AND    PREFERMENTS. 


Oaiktti  Pkomotioiu. 

May  17.  Th«  Right  Hon.  James  Ocb- 
ooov.  Lard  ForbM,  to  be  High  Cooubm- 
■ioMff  to  tht  Qtntnl  AMtmbly  4rt  Um  Chaich 
elSooUuMl. 

J#«y  81.  Rigbt  Hoo.  ChM.  Lord  Fwn- 
boroocfa,  Gtn.  Sir  W.  K«pptl»  •ad  Major* 
Ora.  &r  A.  F.  Barnard,  to  ba  Conniaaioom 
for  afixing  bia  Majesty's  sigaatare  to  tha 
uHtniniaou  raquiring  tbi  sama. 

June  I.  Hob.  C.  H.  BuOer  Clarke, 
MJ».  for  eo.  Kilkeoay,  and  hb  isaua»  to 
bear  the  aras  aad  take  tba  somame  of 
8o«thwall  and  Waadetford,  in  addition  to 
tbntoTBntlarCUrke. 

Jiuie  6.  Capt.  J.  M.  F.  Smith  to  be 
Iieat.-Col. 

June  8.  81st  Foot,  Brevet  Lieaf.-CoU 
Wm.  H.  Sewell  to  be  Major.— 48th  Foot, 
Major  Jamce  Dunbar  Torrr  from  31st  Foo^ 
to  be  Lieai.-Col.— 76th  Foot,  Capt.  John 
Clarke  to  be  Major. — Unattached,  to  be 
Lie«it.-CoL  of  lof.  Major  A.  Lane,  firom 
7«th  rag. 

/nne  11.  7th  Dragoon  €hiarda,  Mijor 
A.  K.  Clark  to  be  Lieut-Col.,  Capt.  J. 
Oowdie  to  be  Major.— 44th  Foo^  Lient.- 
Col.  Hoo.  H.  C.  Lowther  to  be  Ueut.-Col. 
—47th  Foo^  Capt.  O.  F.  Sadleir  to  be 
Major.— 48th  Foot,  L«e«t.-Col.  J.  H. 
Sehoedde  to  be  Lient.-€ol.— «8d  Foot, 
Capt.  R.  F.  Hill  to  be  Major.— 65th  Foot, 
Minors.  Brock  to  be  Lieat.-Col. ;  Capt.  T. 
W.  Nicholson  to  be  Major.— «9d  Foot, 
Lieat.-Col.  J.  D.  Tovey  to  be  Lieat.-Col.— 
Unattached,  Capt.  J.  Y.  Scarlett  to  be  Ma- 
jor of  lafintry. 

June  16.  6th  Dragoons,  Liettt.-Col. 
Lord  Geo.  Lennox,  to  be  Liettt.-Col. — 7th 
L^^t  Dragoons,  Lieiit.-Col.  Edir.  Keane 
to  be  Lieut-Col.— Coldstieam  Guards,  Bft- 


Yft  Major  J.  StcpneT  Cowell  to  be  Ckut. 
and  Liettt.-CoL— 86th  Foot,  Lient.-CoL  It 
Nickle,  to  be  Limit.-Col.— 95tfa  Fool, 
Lieou-Col.  T.  W.  Brotherion  to  be  Li^ot.- 
Col.— Unattached,  Brevet  Xient^Col.  G.  £, 
Raitt  tobeLieut.-Col. 

June  18.  57th  Foot,  Lieot.-Gen.  Sir 
Wm.  loglis,  K.CB.  to  be  Col.— GarriicJih 
Lieut.-Gen.  F.  A.  Wetherall  to  be  Govef* 
nor  of  Blackness  Castle.— Royal  Engineers, 
Major-Gen.  R.  Filkington  to  be  Cokmcl- 
Commandant. 


ECCLUUSTICAL  PaKrCRMtHTS. 

Rev.  Dr.  H.  Monk,  to  bcRp.  of  Gloucester. 
Rev.  £.  Jackson,  Dean  of  Armagh. 
Rev.  G.  S.  Faber,  Preb.  in  SalUbury  Cath. 
Rev.  G.  Arthur,  Tamertoo  Foliat  R.  Devon. 
Rev.  A.  S.  Atcheson,  Teigh  R.  co.  Rutland. 
Rev.  C.  Bardin,  Derryloran  R.  co.  Tyrone. 
Rev.  T.  Comyn,  Wantesden  P.  C.  Sufblk. 
Rev.  J.  Davies,  St.  Pancras  R.  Chichester. 
Rev.  G.  D.  Faithfull,  Bygrave  with  Hatfiek| 

R.  CO.  Hertford. 
Rev.  F.  UtchfieM,  Elham  R.  Kent. 
Rev.  W.  Manleverer,  Tynan  V.  co.  Armagh. 
Rev.  G.  O.  Miller,  Milton  R.  co.  Northamp, 
Rev.  W.  P^owse,  Bickleigh  and  Sheepaton 

R.  Devon. 
Rev.  C.  Richards,  Wanborough  V.  Wilts. 
Rev.  J.  Shaw,  Conington  R.  oo.  Cambridge. 
Rev.  £.  B.  Sparke,  Littleport  V.  co.  Camb. 
Rev.  C.  Simpson,  East  Dravton  V.  Notts, 
Rev.  A.  J.  Thorp,  Deoston  P.  C.  Suffolk. 

diVIL   pRBriRMtNTS. 

Rev.  W.  Cresstrell,  Head  Master  of  Chat^ 
ham  and  Rochester  Gram.  School. 

Rev.  J.  Dunningham,  Second  Master  of 
Hackney  Gram.  School. 


BIRTHS. 


Moyta.  Aft  Grove  Park,  Wanrickshirs, 
the  Right.  Hon.  Ladv  Dormer,  a  son  and 
lieir.— 88.  The  wifo  of  £.  Bumaby,  esq. 
of  Bagrave  Hall,  Leicestershire,  a  son  and 
beJTw        g4.     In  Harley-street,  the  wile  of 

J.  Forbes,  esq.  M.P.  a  dan. At  Kemp- 

•too  lionse,  near  Bedford,  the  wifo  of  Col. 
Qissnetrart,  Bengal  army,  n  aon.— 16. 
In  Groavenor-place,  the  Lady  Alice  Pbel,  n 
danw      to.     In  Lower  Brook-street,  the 

wifo  of  the  Hon.  P.  Stonrton,  a  dan. tS. 

At  Shardeloea,  the  wifo  of  T.  T.  Drake,  esq. 
HJP.  a  dan. 


June  t.    In  Cavendish- square,  the  Viae. 

Barrington,  a  dan. 5.    At  Caike  Abbey, 

Derby,  the  lady  of  Sir  G.  Crewe,  Bart,  a 
dan.  9.  In  Fitxroy-sqoare,  the  wifo  of 
C.  H.  Batley,  esq.  M.P.  for  Beverley,  g 
dau.— In  Cnrzon-street,  May-foir,  Uie 
Hon.  Mrs.  H.  Ramsden,  a  son.— — tt.  la 
Mortimer-street,     Cavendbh-square,     thi 

wifoofCoLH.  BaUlie,ason. 13.   The 

wifo  of  Nicholas  Harris  Nioobi,  esq.  ■ 
son. 


MARRIAGES. 


jijml  90.  At  Berne,  C  T.  Bourke,  esq. 
48th  res.  to  Caroline  Elix.  dam.  of  the  lain 
Dr.  Dickson,  Bishop  of  puwn  and  Connor. 

Gju«T.  Mag.  June,  18 JO. 

10 


ilfayia.  At  Hampton  Lodge,  BrighMo,  Sir 
Rich.  H.  C  Rycroft,  Bart,  &c.,  to  Char- 
lotte-Anne-Josephina,    eldest  dau.   of  W. 


554 


Marriages. 


[June, 


Tennant,    Esq.  and   niece   to    Lord    Yar- 
borongh. 

Alay  5.  At  Great  Yarmouth,  the  Rev.  T. 
Newman,  Rector  of  Little  Bromley  and 
Alresford,  Essex,  to  Mrs.  Cox,  of  Wrabness, 
in  the  same  county.— 18.  In  Cashel  Ca- 
thedral, the  Rev.  R.  French  Laurence,  ne- 
phew of  the  Abp.  of  Cashel,  to  Sarah,  dau. 

of  the  late  Hon.  Judge  Mayne. 20.    At 

Walcot,  the  Rev.  John  Bishop,  Rector  of 
St.  Mary  de  Lode,  Gloucester,  to  Frances, 
dau.  of  the  late  W.  F.  Bury,  Esq.  of  Pant-y- 

Goitre  House,  Monmouthsh. AtFloore, 

Giles  Miller,  Esq.  of  Goudhurst,  Kent,  to 
Anne  Augusta,  eldest  dau.  of  Richard  Pack, 
Esq.    of  Floore    House,    High   Sheriff  of 

Northamptonshire. At  Bentley,  Hants, 

E.  M.  Whyte,  esq.  of  Hotham,  Yorkshire, 
to  Alice,   second  dau.  of  Sir  John  Owen, 

Bart.  M.P.  of  Orielion,  Pembrokeshire. 

At  Portobello,  near  Edinburgh,  Colonel 
Stewart,  to  Janctta,  fifth  dau.  of  the  late  R. 

A.  Daniell,  esq.  of  Trelissick,  Cornwall. 

22.  At  St.  Mary  Magdalen's,  Doctor's 
Commons,  Mr.  John  Jalland,  of  Pimlico, 
CO.  Middlesex,  to  Miss  Anne  Bolden. 
25.  At  St.  Clement's,  W.  H.  Stone,  esq. 
barrister-at-law,  to  Emily,  only  dau.  of  Jas. 
MorreM,  esq.  of  Headinzton  Hill,  co.  Oxfonl. 
—At  St.  George's,  Hanover-square,  Capt. 
Felix  Vaughan  Smith,  of  the  Queen's  Bays, 
to  Charlotte-Eliza,  only  dau.  of  Sir  Hugh 
Dillon  Massy,  Bart,  of  Doonass,  co.  Clare. 
—At  St.  George's  Bloorosbury,  H.  Staf- 
ford Thompson,  esq.  of  Holtby,  near  York, 
to  Harriet,   dau.  of  Thos.  Croft,   esq.  of 

Montagu-street. 27.    At  St.  George's, 

Bloomsbury,  J.  L.  Mieville,  esq.  of  Bruns- 
wick place,  to  Mary- Ann,  eldest  dau.  of  A. 

A.  Mieville,  esq.  of  Rus?ell-sq. 29.   At 

Tur,  Djvon,  Majur-Gen.  SirChas.  Phillips, 
of  Lyndhurst,  to  Harriet,  relict  of  the  Rev. 
Rich.  Strode,  of  Newnham  Park,  and  sister 
of  Sir  John  Leman  Rogers,  Bart. 

June  1.  At  St.  Mary's,  Bryanstone-sq. 
Rich.  Strachey,  esq.  of  Ashwick  Grove, 
Somerset,  son  of  the  late  Sir  H.  Strachey, 
])art.  to  Anne -Maria,  eldest  dau.  of  Ab. 
Powell,  esq.  M.P.  of  Hurdcott  House,  Wilts. 

^At  St.    Mary-le-bone    Church,   John 

Savage,  esq.  M.D.  Bernard-street,  Russell- 
square,  to  Anna- Maria-Sophia,  youngest 
dau.  of  Major  H.  Maxwell,  of  Straquhane, 
Dumfriesshiro.~-^At  St.  Mary's,  Isling- 
ton, John,  youngest  sou  of  the  late  Adm. 
Stone,  to  Lucy,  second  dau.  of  Major  Mor- 
ris, of  Brockham. .^t  St.  Mary's,  Bry- 

anston-square,  Capt.  Chas.  Bulkeley,  2d 
regt.  Life  Guards,  to  Louisa,  dau.  of  Chas. 

Lyne  Stephens,  esq. At  Wrawby,  John 

Fenton,  esq.  banker,  of  Crimble,  Rochdale, 
to  Hannah,  dau.  of  the  late    VV.  Owston, 

esq.  of  Brigg. At  Withyham,   W.    En- 

deiby,  esq.  to  Mary,  eldest  dau.  of  E.  F. 
Howi^,  cbq.  of  Crowborough- lodge,  Sussex. 
■    ■    •*•     At  Cheltenham,   Capt.    H.  Baker, 


R.  N.  to  Henrietta-Margaret,  relict  of 
Lieut.-Col.  Digby,  late  of  Bath.  5.  At 
Long  Ashton,  B.  G.  Pbillipi,  esq.  barrister- 
at-law,  to  Jane,  eldest  dau.  of  the  Hev. 
Israel  Lewis,  Viear  of  Long  Ashton.— 
At  Caroberwell,  Stanley  Lees  Giffard,  LL.D. 
to  Mary,  dau.  of  the  late  Harry  Qiffurd,  esq* 
Capt.  R.  N.r— *7.  At  Lydd,  Kent,  the 
Rev.  £.  R.  Nares,  eldest  son  of  the  Rev. 
Dr.  Nares,  to  Cecilia,  third  dau.  of  the  lata 
David  Denne,  esq.— 8.  At  St.  Augus- 
tine's, Watling-street,  George  Buchanan> 
esq.  of  Edinburgh,  to  Charlotte,  fourth  dau. 
of  Edward  Barnard,  esq.  of  Paternoftter-ro*. 
At  Waleot  Church,  the  Rev.  John 
Hammond,  Rector  of  Prestoa,  to  Harriett 
Lane,  youngest  dau.  of  Samuel  Lane,  esq« 

At  VVaterford,  the  Rev.  H.  P.  Perry, 

to  Catherine,  youngest  dau.  of  the  Bp.  of 
Waterford,  and  niece  to  the  Earl  of  Mayo. 
— .^t  St.  Luke's,  Norwood,  Wm.  How- 
kins,  jun.  esq.  of  Botolph-lane,  to  Aane, 
relict  of  Theophilua  Hearsey,  jun.  esq.  of 
Denmark-hill,  and  dau.  of  R.  Gibson,  esqw— 
9.  At  Ewell,  Capt.  H.  W.  Seott,  R.  N.  to 
Ann,  eldest  dau.  of  the  late  (saac  Lane,  e8<^ 
— At  Chatham,  R.  Bolton,  esq.  18th  Light 
Inf.  to  Maria,  dau.  of  John  Arthure,  of 
Seafield,  co.  DubUn,  esq.  -At  Mary-le- 
bonne  Church,  tlie  Rev.  Chas.  Baring, 
youngest  son  of  Sir  Thos.  Baring,  Bart. 
M.P.  to  Miss  Sealy,  only  dau.  of  the  laU 

Major  C.  Sealy,  Bengal  Artillery w ^At  the 

residence  of  Sir  James  Graham,  Bart.  Gros- 
venor-squsre,  Vise.  St.  Maar,  ton  of  the 
Duke  of  Somerset,  to  Miss  Sheridan,  snrand- 
dau.  of  the  late  Right  Hon.  Richard  Brink- 
ley  Sheridan. 10.    At  Driffield,  Mr.  R. 

Shepherd,  solicitor,  to  Miss  Mary  Preston, 
of  Bridlington,  dau.  of  the  hte  Mr.  Preston, 

of  Selby. 12.     At  St.  Pancras  churchy 

J.  F.  Smith,  esq.  writer  to  the  sigoet,  Edin- 
burgh, to  Caroline,  third  dan.  of  D.  S. 
Turner,  esq.  of  Clarendon,  Jamaica.——!  5. 
At  Leeds,  S.  A.  Austen,  esq.  barrister-at- 
law,  to  £lizal>eth,  eldest  dau.  of  T.  Ten- 
nant,   esq. At  St.  Olave,   Hart-street, 

Benjamin  Tomkins,  esq.  of  Burton-ereaoent, 
to  Mary,  third  dau.  of  T.  Davy,  esq.  of 
Golden-square.  At  Camberwell,  H.  W, 
Woodbridge,  esq.  of  North  Brixton,  Surreyy 
to  Eliza-Surah,  dau.  of  the  late  C.  JohaaoB, 

esq.  of  Camberwell. 17.  At  RichiBoiid» 

the  Rev.  C.  £.  Kennaway,  second  aon  of  Sir 
John  Kennaway,  Bart,  of  Escot,  Devon,  to 
Emma  fourth  dau.  of  the  Hon.  and  Rer.  Ga- 
rard  T.  Noel.— 'At  Mary-le-bone  ehiirvh, 
the  Rev.  Maurice  James,  Rector  of  Ftm- 
bridge,  Herefordshire,  to  Charlotte,  widow 
of  T.  Inglis,  esq.  late  of  the  Ben«il  Civil 

Service. 22.     At  Paddington,  Edward 

Willson  Duffin,  esq.  M.D.  fellow  of  the 
Royal  College  of  Surgeons,  Edinburgh,  to 
A;;;nes,  eldest  dau.  of  John  White,  esq.  of 
Wcstbourn  Green,  and  of  the  New  Rosd, 
Mary-le-bone. 


1S30.] 


(     S5o     ] 


OBITUARY. 


Eari.  op  Pompret. 

Map  7.  Ill  Nonh  Audley-itreef,  ij^d 
<t%  the  Ri|cbC  Hon.  Georce  Pernor,  third 
Earl  of  Pomfret,  fourth  Baron  Lemptter, 
CO.  I'^reford,  and  sixtli  Baronet ;  D.C.L. 

Hit  Lordthip  was  bom  Jan.  8,  1768, 
the  rliler  «on  of  Georj^e  the  second  nar)» 
by  Anna  Maria,  daufhtvr  and  heir  uf 
—  Drayton  of  Sunbury  in  Middlesex, 
E«q.  and  tueeeedrd  to  the  title  when  in 
hi«  ei2;bteenth  year,  by  the  death  uf  hit 
father,  June  9,  1785.  He  married  Au;. 
?9,  1793,  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Trullope 
Brown,  an  opulent  wine-merrhant,  who 
is  laid  to  have  inherited  a  fortune  of 
npwardf  of  90,000/.  but  from  whom  he 
toon  separated,  and  had  no  family. 

In  featoret  the  Earl  of  Pom  fret  l>ore 
<uch  a  refemblance  to  Louis  XVI.,  tliat 
he  if  said  to  have  been  f^nzed  at  with 
wonder  and  astonishment  during  his  stay 
at  Paris  in  the  peace  of  1802. 

In  1804  hii  Lordahip  obtained  a  com- 
pany in  the  Northamptonshire  militia. 
He  paid  little  attention  to  politics,'  but 
was  a  supporter  of  Mr.  Pitt. 

In  music  he  ii  said  to  have  possessrd 
a  fine  taste;  and  to  have  t>een  worthy  to 
succeed  the  old  Earl  of  Galloway  as  an 
actor  in  the  opera. 

The  Earl  is  succeeded  in  his  titles  by 
his  brother  Lt.-Gen.  the  Hun.  Thomas 
William  Fermor,  K.T.8.  F.R  S.,  and  S.A., 
who  married  in  1833,  A mat>el- Elizabeth, 
eldest  daughter  of  Sir  Richard  Borough, 
Bart,  and  niece  of  Lord  Viscount  Lake, 
and  has  one  ton. 


Sir  Joiih  Pa ki notch,  Bart. 

Jan,  a.  At  the  house  of  his  sitter  at 
Hampton  Court,  in  his  70th  year.  Sir 
John  Pakington,  the  eighth  Baronet, 
of  West  wood  Park,  Worcestershire. 

The  baronetcy  wbicb  hat  become  ex- 
tinct by  the  decease  here  recorded,  was 
une  of  the  first  two  hundred  created  by 
the  founder  of  the  order.  King  Janet 
the  First.  It  w at  the  136th  conferred  j 
but  hat  latterly  (not  to  include  those 
merged  in  the  titles  of  peerage)  ttood 
the  twenty-second  in  order  of  prece- 
dency. So  rapid  is  the  rxtinctiun  of 
hereditary  titles. 

There  are  places  of  the  nnme  of  Pack- 
ington  in  StaflTordsbire,  Warwickshire, 
.ind  Leicettershire,  from  one  of  which 
the  family  derived  itt  name.  The 
founder  of  the  fortunes  of  the  house  wat 
^\r  John  Pakington,  a  lawy**r,  in  the 
reign   of  Henry   the  Eightli,   who   wat 


Chirograpber  In  the  Court  of  Coroniofi 
Pleas,  and  Recorder  of  Worcester,  and 
who  dit-d  possessed  of  large  acquired 
estates  in  S  Elli.  His  younger  brother, 
Robert  Pakington,  member  for  the  city 
of  London  in  Parliament,  continued  the 
line;  and  wat  grandfather  of  Sir  John 
Pakington,  a  favourite  courtier  of  Queen 
Elizabeth,  and  a  member  of  the  Privy 
Council.  There  is  an  engraved  portrait 
of  him,  in  a  cloie  dreti,  exhibiting  the 
propurtinns  of  thote  powerful  limbt, 
which  acquired  for  him  the  epithet  of 
*' lusty  Pakington. *'  It  was  in  the  pride 
of  hit  manhood  that  Sir  John  Paking<* 
ton  once  undertook  to  twim,  in  compe- 
tition with  three  other  courtiers,  from 
the  palace  of  Whitehall  to  that  of  Green- 
wich, for  a  wager  of  j^OOO.  This  the 
Queen,  who  (as  Granger  remarks)  had  a 
peculiar  tenderness  fur  handtome  fel- 
lows, would  not  permit  him  to  encoun- 
ter. A  still  more  remarkable  particular^ 
however,  of  Sir  John  Pakington,  re- 
mains untold.  He  had  the  unusual  pru- 
dence, in  the  midst  of  hit  career  of 
court  expense,  to  draw  in  the  reint,  and 
retire  to  perform  the  dutiet  of  ancient 
country  hotpitality:  in  the  exercite  of 
which  he  greatly  tbone,  and  once,  in 
1603,  had  the  honour  of  entertaining 
the  King  and  Queen  at  Ayletbury.  (Ni- 
chols's Progret«es  of  King  Jamet  tbe 
First,  vol.  i.  p.  1 9S).  There  are  tome  fur* 
ther  very  curious  anecdotes  of  thit  Sir 
John,  extracted  from  a  MS.  life  of  him,  to 
be  found  in  the  8vo.  Baronetages  of  1741 
and  1771. 

His  son  was  the  first  Baronet,  created 
in  1620.  The  second  Baronet  was  a 
great  sufferer  in  the  caase  of  Charles 
the  First,  and  the  husband  of  Dorothy, 
daughter  of  Lord  Keeper  Coventry,  the 
reputed  authoress  of  the  Whole  Duty  of 
Man.  The  son,  grandson,  and  great- 
grandson  of  t  hat  excellent  couple  were  all 
successively  county  members  for  Worces- 
tershire. Sir  Herbert,  the  last  of  these, 
wat  a  presumed  original  of  Sir  Roger  df 
Coverley  (cee  our  vol.  XLIX.  p.  494.) 
The  late  Sir  John  was  the  eldest  of  three 
cons  of  Sir  Hfrber'-Perrott,  the  seventh 
Baroi  et,  by  Elixabeth,  daughter  of 
Cte«ar  Hawkins,  Esq.,  and  widow  of 
Herbert  W}lde,  Esq.  of  Ludlow.  Ha 
succeeded  to  the  title  on  the  death  of 
hit  father  in  179.*^. 

His  two  brothers  have  died  before 
him)  and  the  disposition  of  his  property 
directed  by  his  will  is  very  singular.   His 


556       Obituary. — Sir  W.  Parker^  Bart. — Sir  R,  Peel,  Bart,      [June, 


nephew,  John  Somerset  RuEiell,  Esc(.,  of 
Powick  Court,  near  Worcester,  has  a 
son  about  four  years  of  age ;  to  the  eld- 
est son  that  may  be  born  of  this  child 
Sir  John  has  bequeathed  bis  large  land- 
ed estates — so  that  the  income  must 
accumulate  for  nearly  forty  years;  in 
default  of  issue  the  estates  go  to  the  de- 
scendants  of  the  second  son  of  Sir  W.  B. 
Cooke,  of  Wheatley,  near  Doncaster; 
and,  in  case  of  a  second  default,  the 
property  goes  to  a  grandson  of  Mr. 
Knight,  of  Lea  Castle.  Sir  John  has, 
therefore,  barred  any  of  the  present 
generation  from  the  enjoyment  of  his 
property.  This  will,  in  some  respects, 
resembles  Mr.  Thelluson's.  We  do  not 
understand  that  Sir  W.  B.  Cooke  and 
Mr.  Knight  were  related  to  the  de- 
ceased. Sir  John  had  sold  all  his  Buck- 
inghamshire property,  that  about  Ayles* 
bury  to  the  late  Marquis  of  Buckingham. 
His  remains  were  interred  at  Hampton 
Lovett  in  Worcestershire. 


Sir  William  Pabker,  Bart. 

jlpnl  20.  In  his  60th  year.  Sir  Wil- 
liam Parker,  seventh  Baronet  of  Mel- 
ford  Hall  in  Suffolk,  Colonel  of  the 
Western  Battalion  of  the  Suffolk  Militia, 
and  a  Deputy-Lieutenant  and  Magistrate 
for  the  County.  ^ 

Sir  William  was  the  eldest  son  of  Sir 
Harry  Parker,  the  sixth  Baronet,  by 
Bridget,  daughter  of  William  Cress- 
well,  of  Cresswell,  in  Northumberland, 
Esq.  On  the  decease  of  his  father,  Ja- 
nuary 15,  1813*  he  succeeded  to  the 
title  ;  and,  dying  unmarried,  is  suc- 
ceeded by  his  brother,  now  Sir  Hyde 
Parker,  who  was  born  in  1785,  and  is 
also  unmarried.  The  loss  of  Sir  Wil- 
liam will  be  sincerely  regretted  by  a  nu- 
merous circle  of  friends,  by  whom  he 
was  valued  for  his  independent  prin- 
ciples. To  his  personal  exertions  the 
western  part  of  the  county  may,  in  some 
degree,  attribute  the  establishment  of 
the  hospital  at  Bury  St.  Edmund's,  the 
utility  of  which  is  indisputable. 

Sir  Robert  Peel,  Bart. 

May  3.  At  his  seat,  Drayton  Park, 
Staffordshire,  aged  80,  Sir  Robert  Peel, 
Bart. 

The  family  of  Peel  is  not  traced  higher 
than  Robert  Peel,  who  died  in  1736. 
His  grandson,  Robert,  had  a  numerous 
family  of  sons,  must  of  whom  have  been 
the  fathers  of  several  branches,  and  of 
whom  the  subject  of  this  memoir  was 
the  third.  Sir  Robert  was  born  at  Peel'^ 
Cross,  near  Lancaster,  a  small  estate 
belonging  to  his  father,  April  35,  1750. 
It  is  said  that  very  early  in  life  be  enter- 
tained a  strong  presentiment    that   be 


would  become  the  founder  of  a  family, 
and  at  the  age  of  fourteen  he  frequently 
avowed  his  determination  to  raise  him* 
self  to  rank  and  consequence  in  society, 
declaring  his  hope  to  be  "  su«  faber 
fortunse,"  on  a  conviction  that  any  si- 
tuation in  a  free  country  is  accessible  to 
a  good  capacity,  aided  by  prudence  and 
industry.  He  gave  early  proofs  of  quick- 
ness and  perception,  and  of  attention  to 
active  habits,  for  which  he  was  so  dis- 
tinguished in  after-life. 

His,  father  brought  up  most  of  his 
sons  to  the  different  hranchet  of  the 
cotton  trade,  and  Robert,  emulating  the 
fame  of  the  well-known  Sir  Riebard 
Arkw right,  eagerly  devoted  himself  to 
explore  the  powers  of  meclumieal  oom- 
binations,  particularly  where  they  could 
be  converted  to  the  use  of  his  own  ma- 
nufacture. At  the  age  of  twenty-three 
he  embarked  in  partnership  with  Mr* 
William  Yates,  in  an  extensive  factory 
at  Bury,  in  Lancashire ;  and,  after  ten 
years  of  silent  industiy,  and  uninter- 
rupted success,  married,  July  8,  1783, 
Mr.  Yates's  daughter,  Ellen,  then  little 
more  than  seventeen  years  of  sm.  About 
the  same  period  Sir  Robert  Peel  par« 
chased  a  considerable  estate  in  Lanca- 
shire; and  this  was  followed,  in  the 
course  of  a  few  years,  by  extensive  ae- 
quisitions  in  Staffordshire  and  Warwick* 
shire. 

In  1780  he  published  a  pamphlet,  en- 
titled, «  The  National  Debt  productive 
of  National  Prosperity." 

In  1790  he  was  first  returned  to  Par- 
liament as  member  for  Tamworth ;  for 
which  borough  he  was  re-elected  in  1796, 
1809, 1806,  1807,  1813,  and  1818;  and 
resigned  in  18S0  in  favour  of  his  second 
son.  The  borough  of  Tamworth,  which 
had  begun  to  decline,  soon  reared  up  its 
head  on  the  introduction  of  the  cotten 
manufacture ;  and  the  interest  of  Mr. 
Peel,  who  had  thus  furnished  employ- 
ment to  its  inhabitants,  acquired  an  in- 
fluence paramount  to  that  of  the  family 
of  Townshend. 

It  was  no  small  proof  of  the  opulence 
and  spirit,  of  Messrs.  Peel  and  Yates» 
that,  in  the  year  1797,  they  contributed 
j^lO,000  to  the  voluntary  subscriptions 
for  the  support  of  the  war.  In  I798» 
besides  the  patronage  which  he  extended 
to  the  Lancashire  fencibles,  and  the 
Tamworth  armed  association,  he  placed 
himself  at  the  bead  of  six  companies, 
mostly  his  own  artiflcers,  which  were 
styled  the  Bury  Loyal  Volunteers. 

In  1799  he  made  a  speech  in  the  House 
of  Commons  in  favour  of  the  Union  with 
Ireland,  which  was  considered  to  express 
the  sentiments  of  the  manufacturing  in- 
terest, and  which  had  considerable  iollu- 


laao] 


Obituaatv— fifr  &  F^  BmU 


asr 


mm  i»  Iftlaftdto  «1mm  It  wM  dIMfMCV 
cifenlated  in  Kh%  few  W  t  p— yMt<> 

Sir  R«teC  FmI  «••  «fiMUid  a  BaraMt 
ky  Mtffit,  dated  N««.89»  1800. 

iW  WM  atUadyMipfoffter  of  Mr.Plafii 
admUilttmioat  aadiibMi  a  votaofcMi* 
tart  «aa  «ovad  against  tluit  natwianf 
May  7»  180S*  ba  yiononncad  an  abia 
tpaack  la  kla  dafenea.  «« I  Mlawa,"  ha 
taid*  •*  that  to  tba  BMataiaa  of  tiM  lata 
ChaacallaroftiioEiilw^aar,Iawotlwll* 
bariy  of  doliverlnf  wKf  aoatiaMaU  ia  tUa 
Uouaof  that  to  Uai  1  o«o  tho  poaiM 
iloa  of  that  wcallh  aad  rlaa  In  tho  worid 
whieh  m  ladaatiy  hai  acsaircd.  I  do 
not  tpoak  tololy  of  mytotfi  tho  aaaaa 
au^x  ho  said  of  oforr  indiTidoal  irhoao 
iadoatiy  haa  taaceadad  nador  hia  p«o* 
toatloob  Ho  haa  haea  tho  hoaofeotor  of 
hit  eoantrjr  i  ho  haa  nogiaotad  no  oaofa 
iatofoft  hat  hit  owa.** 

80  tsuaaivo  waa  Sir  Robart  Ptal'a 
hailaaiii  that»  ia  1803,  tha  aamhar  of 
INTiona  aaiyloyad  hgr  hiai  aaouated  ta 
Sftoaa  thaaaaad  1  aad  ho  paid  upaardi 
of  i64O,(0OO  aaaaally  to  tho  Eidaa-oAaa 
oa  arlntod  fooda  alonab  Ho  waa  laraad 
iaflgr  attaatlvo  to  tho  pofooaal  ooaifart 
of  hia  worlUBoa,  aad  tha  haahh  of  tho 
ohildfaa  oaipioyod  ia  hia  faatorioa  |  aad» 
la  otdor  that  othar  amaafectaiara  might 
ho  lad  to  follov  hia  txaaiplo^  iatrodaoad 
iato  ParllaaMnt  a  Bill  <'to  aaMliotalo 
tho  condition  of  tho  ao praatiaoa  ia  tho 
cotton  and  arooUan  tradaa.'* 

Sir  Rohofft  Paei  over  horo  tho  charao- 
tor  of  a  chariublo  aiaator  aad  patroa 
towaidi  hia  oacoaaitoaa  dopondanta  and 
aoifbboart,  and  aMny  iatianoaa  aia 
kaowa  of  hia  oioralilaf  a  auiat  awiati 
cant  liberality.  Ho  waa  a  Oovomor  of 
Christ's  Hospital,  and  a  Vica-Prcsidant 
of  tho  Utoraiy  Pond.  Ho  elosad  his 
oarear  at  a  ripa  old  afa  |  anaoblcd  fay  a 
life  of  iattgrity  aad  oooaiatoacyt  aad 
earryinf  to  tho  ffavo  tha  rapatatioa 
that  hia  aaoral  virtacs  and  poUtiaal  prln- 
dplas  van  alike  aainlHad.  Hia  rsaiaias 
were  Interred,  May  llth»  at  Draytoa* 

The  faoaily  of  Sir  Robert  Peel  oonaUtod 
of  sii  sons  and  ftfo  daofhtera  1  I*  Mary, 
aurried  ia  lftl6  to  George-Robert  Daa- 
aua*  Esq.  of  Castlo-I>a«sony  co.  Leaden* 
darry*  now  Mf .  far  that  couaty,  aad 
Jolat  Secretanr  ta  tho  Treasury  %  S.  Eli* 
■obeth,  aaanM  ia  ISOS  to  tho  Vtmw. 
Wtttiaaa  Coekbanb  now  I>aaa  of  Tockf 
3.  the  Right  Hoe.  Sb  Robert  Peel,  (who 
haa  sasaaedsd  to  tha  baiaaetey)  Seere- 
tary  of  State  for  the  HaoM  DspartoMat  I 
he  aurrled  la  IS9S»  /alia,  daaghtor  ol 
tha  lata  Gaaoral  Sir  Jaha  Ployd,  Bart. 
and  haa  Isaaes  4.  Willlaai-Yatea  Peal, 
Esq.  M.P.  far  Taaiwoitb,  aad  Uadar  Ba 
eretaiy  of  State  lor  tho  Hoaao  Depart- 
BMBt ;  ho  aaarried  ia  ISlSt  Lady  Jtat- 


t  »• 

aMfffied  hi  1818,  Eail|y»Maaad 
of  Joha  Swialsa,  of  Swlalea»iai 
shlre»Bsq.|  S, 7> Eloaaoraasid  Aaaa, ^ 
died  yoaag  t  S.  the  Rot.  ioha  Pielt  -a 
Prebeadtey  of  CaatafftMiiy»  aad  Vicar  o( 
Stoae,  in  Woreaatarsbiiai  aMvriad  hi- 
1884  Aaguata,  aaotbar  daaghtor  of /ah» 
Swiafsa,  Esq.|  S.  Jonatbaa,  a  Liaatp 
Colooel  ia  the  anay,  aad  M.P.  far  liaa- 
wlebi  asarried  ia  1894  to  Lady  AMa- 
Jaaa  Kennedy,  yoangest  daogbter  of  tha 
Earl  of  Caaai  tie,  K.T.  and  hai  Issaoi  •  lO. 
Harriett,  aMrried  ia  I8S4»  totho Haa. 
Robert  Healey  Eden,  a  Master  la  Chaa- 
eery  aad  MP.  for  Foway,  tho  eldest  aoa  af 
Lord  Henley  I  aad  1 1.  Lawraaaa,  %C%m 
Bii«ioner  for  the  aflkirs  of  India,  aad 
M.P.fDrCoekonBoath|  aMrrlod  ia  tiSB 
Lady  Jane  Lennox,  fourth  aistar  ta  tha 
Dako  of  Richasoad  aad  Laaaas>  MXL 
and  has  lastM. 

This  vonerabia  Baioaet  thas  Mead  ta 
see  his  eblldrao  allied  to  somo  of  tha 
Boblost  Isaiilios  ia  the  klagdoai  1  aadaa 
awBorooe,  it  appaars,  are  Ida  daaaaad* 
aata,  that,  oa  the  anahnsraafy  of  hit 
serenty-elghtb  Mfthday,  In  1 888,  he  art* 
seated  a  silfor  aMdal  to^oaah  of  his  SRy 
ebiMrea  and  grandabildrea. 

Having  leat  hia  flrst  ladr,  Sir  Raboit 
Peel  Borriod,  aoeoad^.  Oat.  18,  II 

raetor  of  Ida  pariah  at  Bary,  la 
shire»  the  lata  iUr.  Sir  WilSaas  Hoary 
Clarke,  Bart,  aad  aaat  ta  Sir  WilSaai 
Henry  Clarke,  tko  preeent  and  aiath  Bar* 
roAat.  Tho  laeend  La^y  Fsol  died  Sapt, 
IS,  1884,  in  her  78d  year. 

The  will  of  Sir  Robert  Pad  was  prosai 
theSthof  Jaacb  dJIor  oatalliag  Dnw* 
toa  Park,  aad  bis  other  krgo  aatalea  fai 
Staibfd  aad  Warwiekahira,  It  prsuaadi 
to  reeito  saoM  ta  the  aasoaat  of  aiaia 
thaa  1^940,000,  pratioasly  adwiiissd  ta 
oraattled  apaa  hia  sevoral  cUMraa  (la- 
dspeadoat  of  itSflOO  per  aaaaai 
to  hia  oMeet  aoa),  aad  tbea 
aboat  j£€OOJ0fm  asore,  vafciag  tho 
tlons  of  bis  fire  younger  soaa  i^ltl^OtN^ 
each,  aad  thaaa  of  bia  three  daughtaia 
ie83,00a  aaob.  Ha  laaeaa  to  a  ohapal 
ereeted  by  bias  at  Paaaky  laStaflHi* 
shire  £1,000  (alierwaadB  vavakad  W> 
eaasa  bo  had  aadoorad  It  with  liaisU 
aad  ^^6,000  ta  a  aehaol  asubllshad  if 
biai  in  the  saaM  elUagoi  ta  the  laii^ 
aiary  and  LaaatW  Hoapital  la  Mas* 
MMeter,  aiM  taa  Lyiag*la  HaspMlf 
Salford,  a  haadtad  poaads  oaoh.  laa 
win  ia  dated  97th  Mb^,  1890.  R^aa»* 
dieilof  1 1th  PItbraary,  I89S,  tha 
tloas  of  his  yaaagar  aoaa  ara 
ta  £188,000  oaobt  aad  af  the 
whieh  will  probably  coMa  fOfy  iMaTf  If 


558 


OBITUARY.F— Sir  H.  IV.  DalriffnpU,  BarL 


[Jane, 


it  doet  not  eTen  cKceed,  half  a  million, 
four-ninths  are  given  to  the  present 
Baronet,  and  one*ninth  a  piece  to  each 
of  his  five  younger  sons.  The  person- 
alty was  sworn  at  what  is  technically 
called  '*  upper  value,'*  which  means 
that  it  exceeds  .£900,000 ;  and  is  the 
only  instance,  it  is  believed,  of  such 
an  occurrence  since  the  scale  of  duties 
was  extended  to  that  sum.  The  probate 
stamp  is  jSl5,000,  and  the  legacy  duty 
will  probably  be  ten  thousand  more. 

Gen.  Sir  H.  W.  Dalrymple,  Bart. 

Aprils,  In  Upper  Wimpole-st.  in  his 
80th  year,  General  Sir  Hew  Whiteford 
Dalrymple,  Knt.  and  Bart,  of  Hif^hMark, 
oo.  Wigton,  Colonel  of  the  57th  foot,  and 
Governor  of  Blackness  Castle,  and  a 
Member  of  the  Consolidated  Board  of 
General  Officers. 

On  occasion  of  the  death  of  the  late 
Major-Gen.  Sir  John  Fringle  Dalrymple, 
Bart,  we  took  occasion  in  our  Magazine 
for  last  December,  to  notice  the  several 
branches  of  the  family  of  Dalrymple, 
Viscounts  and  Earls  of  Stair,  of  which 
previously  to  Sir  John's  decease  there 
were  no  less  than  five  Baronets. 

Sir  Hew  Whiteford  Dalrymple  was 
great-grandson  of  the  Hon.  Sir  Hew 
Dalrymple,  tbird  son  of  James  first  Vis- 
count Si  air;  and  son  of  Capt.  John  Dal- 
rymple of  the  Inniskillen  dragoons, 
(which  regiment  was  commanded  by  his 
cousin  Field-Marshal  John  Sd  Earl  of 
Stair),  by  Mary,  eldest  daughter  of  Alex- 
ander Ross,  Elsq.  of  Balkaile.  That  lady 
married  secondly  Sir  James  Adolphus 
Oughton,  K.B.  But  Sir  Hew  derived 
his  second  name  of  Whiteford  from  his 
father's  first  wife  Jane,  daughter  of  Sir 
John  Whiteford,  Bart. 

Sir  Hew  was  appointed  Ensign  in  the 
%Ut  foot,  1763  ;  Lieutenant  1766;  Cap- 
tain 2d  battalion  royals,  1768;  Major  in 
the  77th,  1777;  received  the  honour  of 
knighthood  May  5, 1779i  Lieut.-Colonel 
in  the  68tb,  1781  {  Colonel  by  brevet, 
1790;  and  exchanged  into  the  1st  regi- 
ment of  guards. 

Sir  Hew  served  the  campaign  of  1793 
in  the  grenadier  battalion,  and  was  pre- 
sent at  the  battle  of  Famars,  the  siege 
of  Valenciennes,  in  the  action  at  the 
investment  of  Dunkirk,  and  in  every 
affair  in  wbich  the  battalion  was  em- 
ployed during  that  campaign.  At  its 
conclusion  he  returned  to  England.  He 
received  the  rank  of  Major-General 
Oct.  3,  1794,  and  in  April,  1795,  he  was 
placed  on  the  staff  in  the  northern  dis- 
trict. Ill  March,  1796,  he  was  appointed 
Lieutenant-Governor  of  Guernsey ;  and 
received  the  rank  of  Lieut.-General  in 


that  island  only,  Nov.  10, 1799  ;--4ii  tbv 
army,  Jan.  1, 1801. 

In  180S,  he  resigned  the  Lkeatenaot- 
Government,  and  was  placed  oo  the  stmiF 
in  command  of  the  northern  diitrleti 
and  in  May,  1806,  was  removed  to  tb» 
staff  of  Gibraltar.  In  August,  1808,  he 
was  ordered  to  take  the  command  of  the 
army  in  Portugal ;  in  consequence  of 
which  he  sailed  from  Gibraltar,  and  joined 
the  army  in  time  to  become  responsible 
for  the  treaty  by  which  the  French  army 
evacuated  that  country,  which  was,  in 
all  its  essential  provisions,  recommended 
by  his  predecessor  in  command^  Sir  Ar* 
thur  Wellesley. 

Sir  Hew  was  appointed  to  the  Colo* 
nelcy  of  the  57th  foot,  April  97th,  \%l\. 
He  was  raised  to  the  dignity  of  a  Baronet 
by  patent  dated  May  6,  1815. 

Sir  Hew  married  May  16, 1788, Francet,- 
youngest  daughter  and  coheir  of  Gen. 
Francis  Leighton,  great  undeto  the  late 
Gen.  Sir  Baldwin  Leighton,  Bart*  By 
this  lady  he  had  two  sons  and  three 
daughters:  1.  Sir  Adolphos-John  Dal* 
rymple,  who  has  succeeded  to  the  Bam* 
netcy,  and  is  Lieut.-Colonel  in  the  arBy, 
and  M.P.  for  the  burghs  of  Haddington^ 
&c.  {  be  married  in  18 IS,  Anne,  only 
sister  to  the  present  Sir  Sandlbrd  Gm* 
bam,  of  Kirkstall,  Bart.  M.P.  for  Cum* 
berland;  2.  Lt.-CoL  Leighton-Cetbeart 
Dalrymple,  C.B.  who  died  June  6,  l8S0t 

3.  Charlotte-Elisabeth,  married  in  1816, 
to  Capt.  John  Chambers  White,  R.N.  ; 

4.  Frances-Mary,  married  in  1811,  to 
Lt.-Col.  Edward  Fanshawe,  of  the  R. 
Engineers ;  and  6.  Arabella-Boyd,  who 
was  married  in  1810  to  Capt.  Jamct- 
Richard  Dacres,  R.N.  and  died  In  l8Sd. 

Gbk.  Sir  J.C.Sherbrookb,  G.CB. 

Feb,,  •  At  his  house,  Calverton,  Notts. 
General  Sir  John  Coape  Sherbrooke, 
G.CB.  Colonel  of  the  33d  foot. 

This  officer  was  appointed  a  Captain 
in  the  army,  1783  •  CapUin  83d  foot, 
1784;  Lieutenant-Colonel;  1794 ;  Colo- 
nel, 1798;  Major-General,  1811;  and 
Colonel  of  the  33d,  1818. 

In  1809,  he  waa  appointed  to  the  staff 
of  the  army  in  the  Peninsula,  and  at  tbe 
battle  of  Talavera  he  was  second  in 
command.  His  conduct  in  that  situa- 
tion was  noticed  in  the  following  man- 
ner, in  tbe  general  orders  of  the  Adyu- 
tant-general  at  home,  dated  Aug.  18^ 
1809 :  <*The  conduct  of  Lieutenant-Ge* 
neral  Sherbrooke  has  entitled  him  to  the 
King's  marked  approbation.  His  Ma- 
jesty has  observed  with  satisfaetion  the 
manner  in  which  he  led  on  tbe  troopa 
to  the  charge  with  the  bajronet,  a  spe- 
cies of  combat  which,  on  all  occationsy. 


1830.]  Obituary.— Gen.  Sir  J.  C.  Sherbrook€,G.CJBj^Adm.PreiCoU.  659 

so  well  mceordt  with  the  (UuntlMt  cbt- 
racter  of  BritUh  toldiert.*' 

Soon  after  lUii  eulof(iuiD»  the  LieuCc- 
naiit-General  wat  appointed  Lieutenant- 
Governor  of  Nova  Scotia;  and  from 
ibence  he  was  removed  at  the  be|^ianinf 
of  1816  to  the  government  of  Lower 
Canada.  Previously  to  bis  return  to 
£ngland»in  August,  18l8,tbe  citixensof 
Montreal,  in  a  valedictory  address,  thus 
described  the  merits  of  bis  administra- 
tion : 

'*  Two  years  have  hardly  elapsed  sine* 
weh4iled,  with  the  most  flattering  anti- 
cipations, your  arrival  amongst  us  ;  our 
hopes  were  pruporiionate  to  the  un- 
feigned regret  espressed  by  all  classes  in 
une  of  our  sister  colonies,  at  the  period 
of  your  departure  for  {^^^l^^*  '^^^ 
heartfelt  gratitude  of  Nova  Scotia,  be- 
came for  Canada  a  pledge  of  what  the 
inhabitants  of  this  province  had  to  ex- 
pect from  the  conduct  and  character  of 
their  new  governor.  Nor  were  we  long 
without  perceiving  tbat  our  expecta- 
tions, however  sanguine,  must  fall  far 
short  of  the  benefits  which  we  were  to 
experience  under  your  administration. 

**  Superior  to  all  local  prejudices^ 
your  first  care  was,  to  guard  against  tbe 
impressions  of  party.  Individual  opi- 
nions, often  giiidtrd  by  partial,  often 
vindictive  and  interested  motives,  were 
not  allowed  to  interfere  with  your  views 
for  the  general  good.  Affable  and  con- 
descending, yet  carefully  avuiding  all 
hasty  prepossessions,  you  soon  convinced 
us  that  you  were  determined  to  judge 
for  yourself,  upon  tbe  unerring  princi- 
ple of  esperience,  and  that  justice  and 
impartiality  formed  tbe  basis  of  your 
administration. 

**  Hence  the  easy  access  to  your  Ex- 
cellency, which  has  lieen  afforded  on 
every  occasion  requiring  tbe  exercise  of 
your  functions.  Hence  your  rrady  com* 
pliance  with  every  just  request,  and 
your  anxiety  to  discharge  the  important 
duties  of  your  situation}  an  anxiety 
which  has  only  been  equalled  by  tbe 
correctness  and  equity  of  } our  decisions, 
and  by  your  respect  for  constitutional 
rights. 

*'  To  diffuse  harmony  and  happiness 
amongst  th«  inhabitants  of  this  Pro- 
vince, to  inspire  them  with  tbe  moat  un- 
limited confidence  in  the  honour,  the 
integrity,  and  talents  of  His  Majesty't 
representatives^  have  not  been  the  only 
effects  of  your  administration ;  you 
have  studied  our  interest  in  every  point 
of  view  with  unceasing  solicitude.  A- 
roong  the  many  objects  which  have 
attracted  your  attention,  we  have  wit- 
nessed your  efforts  to  develops  the  na* 
tural   resources  of  the  country,    .\gri- 


ctiltur*  has  received  iic«p  Tigovr  froai 
your  patronage,  and  the  physical  md* 
vantages  of  the  Province  are  at  length 
in  a  state  of  improvement,  from  yoar 
attention  to  its  interiuil  commonic»* 
tions.  But,  independently  of  these  cob* 
siderations,  your  humanity  will  ever  en* 
title  you  to  our  grateful  renembrancew 
Canadians  will  never  forget  the  pater* 
nal  solicitude  with  which  you  rescued 
from  misery  and  famine  the  nusaerovf 
inhabitants  of  a  large  district,  who,  by 
unforeseen  accidents,  bad  been  deprired 
of  the  very  means  of  existence.  The 
legislature  seconded  your  benerolent 
views.  Tbe  people  will  repay  your  ba- 
manity  with  everlasting  gratitude. 

**  ill  a  word,  we  have  discovered,  in 
every  act  of  your  administration,  those 
principles  which  alone  can  produce  the 
peace  and  happiness  of  this  Province* 
We  shall  ever  lotik  back  to  the  short 
period  during  which  we  have  possessed 
you,  for  a  pattern  of  the  conduct  whieh 
we  may  expect  from  the  best  of  Oo* 
vemors,  and  for  an  example  of  thoae 
feelings  which  such  a  Governor  nay  ex« 
pect  from  a  grateful  people." 

Admiral  Prbscott. 

Map  3.  Aged  93,  Isaae  Pretcott,  Esq. 
Admiral  of  the  Red,  and  the  second  Ad- 
miral in  seniority  in  the  British  Navy. 

This  officer  commanded  tbe  Queen, 
of  98  guns,  bearing  tbe  flag  of  Vice-AH- 
miral  Harland,  in  Keppel's  action  with 
d*Orvilliers,  in   I77H.     In  1781  be  was 
stationed  at  Newfoundland,  in  tbe  Mer* 
cur}',  of  28  guns.    His  gradations  of  na<> 
val  rank  were  as  follow:— Post  Captain 
1778,  Rear-Admiral  1795,  Vi'-e-Admiral 
1799,  and  Admiral  1805.    He  married 
a  daughter  of  the  Rev.  Richard  Walter, 
who  was  Chaplain  of  tbe  Centurion  with 
Commodore  Anson,  during  hit  voyage 
to  tbe  South  Seas,  and  became  the  his- 
torian of  that  celebrated  expedition.  By 
this  lady  the  Admiral  had  two  sons;  ene 
an  officer  in  the  East  India  Company*e 
service,  who  was  drowned  when  return- 
ing to  England,  in  1806;  and  the  sur- 
vivor.  Captain   Henry   Prescott,    C.  B. 
(Post  1810)  who  married  in  1815  Mary- 
Ann-Charlutte,  eldest  daughter  of  tbo 
late  Admiral  d*Auvergne,  Prince  de  Bou- 
illon, and  has  several  children. 

LIBUT.-COL.  JAMBf  SMITU. 

jifnl  G.  At  Cbeltenbam,  Lieut.pCQk 
James  Smith,  of  the  Hon.  East  India 
Company's  Bombay  Establishment. 

This  oiflicer  was  appointed  a  Cadet  In 
1791  ;  and,  baring  proceeded  to  Bam^ 
bay  in  the  same  year,  was,  in  Septeabert 
posted  to  tbe  old  7tb  battalion,  wbie^ 
lie  joined  on  the  coast  of  Malabar.    He 


em 


OBiTUARY.-^Liettt,-Co/.  Jamei  Smiih, 


[J 


proceeded  with  the  army  under  Sir 
Ralph  Abercromby,  from  Cananore  to 
8erin|;apatamy  and  partook  in  varioas 
•crviccs  durinfp  the  second  eampai^ 
againft  Tippoo  Sultaun.  On  the  con- 
dtttion  of  hostilities  in  179S»  the  army 
retraced  its  steps  to  Cananore*  was 
there  hroken  up,  and  the  7th  hattalion 
proceeded  to  Calient,  which  had  become 
the  head  quarters  of  the  newly  ceded 
prorince  of  Malabar. 

In  that  quarter  the  subject  of  this  no- 
tice was  employed  with  bis  corps  until 
1795;  particularly  in  the  pursuit  and 
dispersion  of  the  force  under  that  active 
and  enterprisinf^  rebel,  Oona  Moota.  In 
Sept.  1795y  be  was  recalled  to  Bombay  j 
and  about  the  same  time  succeeded  to 
the  Adjutantcy,  in  the  duties  of  wbich 
post  he  was  enga^^ed  until  the  end  of 
1798. 

In  1799  be  was  employed  in  the  Mab* 
ratta  country  and  Malabar,  until  after 
the  capture  of  Sering^apatam  ;  when  he 
assisted  in  obtaining  possession  of  the 
forts  and  strongholds  belon^ng  to  the 
late  Tippoo  Sultaun  in  Canara,  a  very 
trying  service  performed  during  the 
monsoon. 

In  Dec.  following,  this  officer  pro- 
ceeded with  bis  corps  to  Goa,  to  join  the 
British  troops  at  that  station.    In  March 
1800  be  wa9  promoted,  and    removed, 
by  a  new  regimental  distribution,  to  be 
Captain,  Lieutenant  and   Adjutant  of 
the  first  batt.  6th  reg.     In  March  1801 
he  was  promoted  to  a  eompany,  and  at 
the  beginning  of  the  fallowing  year  se- 
lected to  proceed,  in  command  of  400 
men,  on  service  to  Kurree,  with  a  field* 
force  placed  under  the  command  of  Col. 
Walker,  to  act  against  the  enterprizing 
chieftain,   Mulhar    Rao.      At    Cambay 
this  force  was  joined  by  1000  troops  be- 
longing to  the  Guicawar  at  Baroola;  and, 
arriving  at    its  destination  in    March, 
found  Mulbar  Rao  strongly  entrenched 
and  fortified  at  Kurree,  with    30,000 
troops.    On  the  17th  of  that  month  the 
British  engaged  the  enemy  under  the 
guns  of  his  entrenched  batteries;    on 
which  occasion   Capt.  Smith  lost  the 
senriees  of  138  men  out  of  600,  having 
been   previously  joined   by  two  compa- 
nies of  fencibles,  under  Capt.  Wilkinson. 
The  British  force,  owing  to  its  great 
exertions  on  that  day  in  favour  of  the 
Guicawar  dynasty,  became  so  crippled, 
as  to  be  under  the  necessity  of  retiring 
to  a  position  immediately  in  the  rear  of 
the  field  of  battle,  where  it  entrenched 
itself,  and  awaited  a  reinforcement  of 
4000  men,  under  Sir  William  Clarke  t 
the  arrival  of  that  formidable  corps  pot 
an  end  to  the  field  operations  in  this 
quarter. 


About  this  period  Capt  Swltb  waf 
compelled  by  severe  illness  to  quit  the 
army,  and  return  to  Sorat,  ftom  whence 
he  proceeded  to  Bombay  after  the  raint, 
for  the  purpose  of  taking  a  farloogh  for 
three  years  to  England ;  bat,  before  the 
expiration  of  his  time,  the  preislnf  de* 
mand  for  officers,  in  1805,  to  meet  the 
exigencies  of  the  service  under  Lord 
Lake,  induced  Capt.  Smith  to  hasten  hit 
return  to  India,  and  accordin^y  he  em- 
barked on  board  the  SirfiYilliam  Polteney 
in  July  of  the  same  year;  br  which 
means  he  was  fortunate  enough  to  Join 
the  Cape  expedition,  under  Str  David 
Baird  and  Sir  Home  Popham ;  and  was 
present  at  the  attack  and  eaptore  of 
that  place^-a  corps,  in  which  be  bad  t 
eompany,  having  been  preiiously  formed 
at  St.  Salvador,  on  the  coast  of  Benfal, 
by  order  of  Gen.  Baird,  eompoaed  of 
cadets  and  soldiers  intended  for  the 
three  presidencies  of  India. 

After  the  capture  of  the  Cape,  Capt. 
Smith  proceeded  on  to  Bombay,  where 
he  arrived  In  May,  1806.  Whilst  at 
Bombay,  be  was  selected  to  ofBdate  as 
exercising  officer  of  the  1st  batt.  6th  reg., 
its  commanding  officer  being  ineapad- 
tated  from  the  loss  of  a  leg.  At  the 
close  of  1807,  Capt.  Smith  Joined  with 
his  corps  the  Goa  force]  and,  during  ids 
stay  at  Goa,  he  succeeded.  In  1808,  to 
the  junior  Majority  of  the  regiment,  and 
was  appointed  to  command  the  corpt'  td 
which  he  belonged.  At  the  latter  end  of 
1809  be  was  oi^ered  to  Join  the  Poonab 
force,  with  which  he  remained  on  ter^ 
vice  till  the  end  of  1810;  his  battalion 
was  then  ordered  down  to  Bombay^  and 
stationed  there  for  two  years,  when'Mai- 
jor  Smith  was  again  ordered  to  thie'  Dpcf^ 
can,  and  there  continued  till  the  middle 
of  1814,  having  been  promoted  In  tbd 
interim  to  a  Lieut.-Colonelcy. 

Lieut.-Col.  Smith  Joined  the  Snd  batcL 
of  his  regiment  at  Baroda  In  April  of  tS^ 
latter  year,  and  with  it  marched,  vltii 
the  field  force  under  Mi4.-Geh.  Sir 
George  Holmes,  to  watch  the  motions 
of  Scindia's  army  on  the  banks  of  'thd 
Mybee ;  he  continued  with  this  force  till 
the  middle  of  1815,  when  extreme, lit 
health  compelled  him  to  go  to  Bombay. 
At  the  end  of  that  year  he  joined  hU 
battalion  in  Guxeratt  and  in  April  ISlS'f 
left  Baroda  to  Join  the  field  force  at  Poo* 
nab,  by  the  route  of  Bensder  Gbiut. 
being  the  first  corps  that  ever  maiehcd 
through  that  pass.  From  that  period 
till  the  end  of  1817,  Lleut.-CoL  smith 
continued  in  the  Deccan,  parUdpAtin^ 
in  all  the  duties  of  that  senrio^  hetidei 
the  occasional  responsilulity  of  ardaoni 
separate  commands.  Having  tolllmd^ 
throughout  the  latter  period  of  a  ser- 


1880.] 


(Hnvkmr^^MifiorRmuuU,  P.H.3. 


681 


ric9  of  t«vMMy-Mv«n  Teart,  a  trmin 
of  dlteaiM  that  ntarljr  proved  fatalf  be 
eemplird  with  the  recoiaaiendttioR  of 
hit  niedtral  adviiert,  and  returned  to 
KugUndio  IB  19. 

MAioa  RaNNCLL,  F.R.S. 

M/arek  S9«  In  his  tt8th  year,  John 
ReBi»cil,  E»q  F.R.S.  of  London  and  Kdin- 
hurgby  Member  uf  the  Rtiyal  intatuteof 
France,  uf  the  lmp«riiil  Acadtmy  of  St. 
Prtertburi^,  uf  the  Royal  Soci«>ty  of  Got- 
tingen,  and  late  Major  of  £ngine«rtt 
and  ^unreyor>Keneral  of  Bengal. 

M»jur  Reniiell  wa%  born  at  Chudlelgb 
in  DcVontbirt,  and  af  the  age  of  fifteen 
entered  the  naval  tervire  of  his  country. 
At  tbe  siege  of  Pondieherry  he  gave 
proof  of  enterprise  and  talent.  Soma 
•loops  of  war  belonging  to  the  enemy 
having  aiuored  beyond  the  reach  of  oor 
goiH,  in  shallow  water,  he  requested  of 
his  captain  the  use  of  a  boat.  This,  ai 
the  night  wae  far  advanced,  was  at  firat 
refused,  but  ultimately  granted.  Ae- 
oompaniad  by  only  one  sailor,  Mr.  Ren- 
nail  aeoordingly  departed,  with  what 
oMcet  in  view  no  one  was  acqaainted. 
Aner  a  brief  interval  he  returned,  with 
the  aasorance  of  having  aa cert  ained  thatt 
aa  the  tide  waa  unusually  high,  there 
waa  aolAcieiit  depth  of  water  by  which 
to  reach  the  sloops  of  the  enemy.  This 
information  waa  promptly  acted  upon, 
and  the  resalt  waa  completely  aocceaaful. 

At  the  age  of  twenty- four,  Mr.  Rennell, 
on  the  suggestion  of  a  friend  who  pot- 
setaed  eonsiderable  intereat  in  the  India 
Home,  left  the  navy,  entered  into  the 
army,  and  waa  immediately  aent  upon 
Mctive  service  to  India  as  an  officer  of 
Enginecri.  There  he  distinguished  hiaa- 
self  greatly,  waa  favourably  noticed  by 
the  government,  and  apeedtly  promoCed 
to  a  Majority,  the  highest  rank  he  ever 
attained.  It  waa  about  thb  period  that 
he  praduecd  hia  fiiat  work,  a  Chart  of 
the  Bank  and  Current  of  Cape  Lrfigellat. 
Thia  publication,  of  great  local  inferctt 
and  utility,  gave  to  him  the  reputation  of 
being  one  of  the  first  geographera  of  the 
age.  H  e  waa  aoon  afterwarda  appointed 
to  the  Uboriona  bat  lucrative  ottem  of 
Surveyor-general  of  Bengal. 

Hia  next  publlcationa  weie  hia  Be** 
gal  Atlaa,  and  an  Aceount  of  the  Oanget 
asd  Burrampootef  Rivera.  The  latter, 
which  greatly  advanced  the  reputatioft 
of  ita  author,  waa  inaerted  in  the  PhUo- 
aophieal  Tranaaetlona. 

WbUe  In  India  Ma}or  RtnneU  married 
one  of  the  daoghten  af  Dr.  Thackeray, 
many  yeara  head-maafer  of  Hamv- 
achool.  Soon  after  Mt  marriage  kn 
ratnmed  to  EngUmd,  arbeie  he  was  it* 
GiNT.  Mao.   Junt,  ItSO. 


aeivad  with  grtat  dftttamtiony  and  Ut 
acquaintance  eoorted  hv  the  meat  eaai* 
nent  men  of  the  day.  Ha  waa  eleeted, 
by  aeclamMion  aa  it  were,  a  member  of 
the  Royal  Society.  Prom  thia  period  ha 
mainiatficd  an  eatenslve  eorreapendenea 
with  naaiiy  of  the  moat  learned  nsen  af 
Europe.  Amongit  his  intimate  friends 
were  Dr,  Horiiey,  Biiihf9p  of  St.  Aaaph, 
Dr.  Vincent,  Dean  of  Westmintter,  andl 
Sir  William  Jones.  It  waa  the  pnblioatinn 
of  hia  memoir  of  a  Map  of  Uindoatan* 
immediately  after  hia  return  to  Englaw^ 
which  intro«tuced  him  to  the  friendaMp 
of  the  two  former.  At  a  aubaeqoent 
period  he  materially  aa«iated  Dr.  Vineant 
in  his  Commentary  on  Arrian'a  Viyyagn 
of  Nearcbos.  With  characteriatic  ar* 
dour  be  also  aided  Sir  Willram  ionea  in 
his  Oriental  Colleetlona,  and  many  of 
the  heat  art  idea  in  the  Asiatic  Re* 
aearchea  and  Register  were  from  bla 
pen.  A  brief  paaaage  from  one  of  theaa 
ia  important  in  itatif,  and  at  the  aama 
tiase  indicates  the  character  of  the  an* 
thor's  belief  aa  a  Christian  :-^«  Witii 
regard  to  the  conformity  between  tonM 
of  the  Christian  and  Indian  doetrinea,  I 
have  no  heaitation  to  aaaert  that  alleaa* 
mination  into  Indian  hiatory  and  anti* 
quitiea  wtmi  Mirwmglg  eaaflrma  the  Mo> 
aaie  and  Scriptural  aecount."  Thia  prin- 
eiple  of  belief  probably  operated  with 
hia  political  fealinga  in  canalng  him  to 
decline  the  aeeeptanea  of  an  invitation 
to  becoaae  a  member  of  the  French  Na* 
tional  Inatitute. 

In  1798  Mijor  Rennell  asaisted  Mr. 
Park  in  the  arrangement  of  hia  African 
Travelat  and,  tracing  the  rowte  of  that 
gentleman  through  each  da/a  Joumay» 
and  comparing  hia  obaarvatlona  «rM 
thoaa  of  other  tmeellert  and  geogm* 
phert,  he  illnatrated  the  work  by  a  nMtC 
accoraie  and  able  nnip. 

The  Major'a  neat  great  perfSMvanen 
-«-hla  graateat  indeed  — was  hia  Gen* 
graphical  Syalemof  Herodotoa,  1800 ;  n 
production  Che  learning  of  which  ama 
equalled  only  by  Ita  utility.  Anotbar 
work  of  eatraordlnary  reaeareh,  curloaHyf 
and  intafetf y  waa  hia  **  Obaervationa  ott 
the  Topography  of  the  Plain  of  Troy.** 

Major  RenneH  had  aeveral  children  hgr 
hia  lady.  Univenally  rcapaetad  and  bn» 
loved,  ha  taraloalad  a  lonf  and  tMtM 
life,  after  many  weeki  of  aorara  anfferinf » 
oceaaioncd  bf  the  aeaklantal  fraetnra  af 
hia  thigh.  Hit  remaina  wera  dapoaltad 
in  WeaimlnaUr  Ahhey.  The  nnoatai^ 
tatioua  tone  of  the  funeral  waa  arall 
anHad  lo  dba  nMMnmlng  diapoaHkm  ol 
thia  aelabratad  nmni  yet  It  may  baialh|y 
aald  that,  rich  aa  that  vanarahla  eaMa* 
tery  U  in  barocs  and  phihuapkaif^  tbart 


11 


5OT  Obituary. — Maj,  Rennell,  FM.S. — R.  Chenevixy  Esq.  F,R,S.  [June, 


are  few  of  tbem  on  whom  that  honour 
has  been  more  justly  conferred. 

Belonging  to  the  corps  of  Engineers, 
during  the  sanguinary  wars  which  led  to 
the  final  conquest  of  the  peninsula  of 
India,  his  spirit  of  enterprise  was  con- 
spicuous on  many  occasions,  and  his 
known  skill  and  ever-varying  resources 
were  well  appreciated  by  the  great  Lord 
Clive;  but  the  desperate  wounds  be  re- 
ceived fortunately  compelled  him  to  re- 
turn to  England,  where  be  gave  tbe 
whole  energy  of  his  mind  to  literary 
pursuits.  Germany  could  boast  of  Clu- 
verius  and  Cellarius,  and  France  of  ber 
D'Anville,  but  no  eminent  geographer 
had  yet  adorned  this  country.  Rennell 
amply  redeemed  us  from  that  reproach. 
To  the  industry  of  tbe  former,  and  to 
tbe  acuteness  of  the  latter,  be  added 
a  sagacity  which  reconciled  tbe  most 
discordant  passages  of  history ;  a  per- 
severance  which  ransacked  every  source 
of  information  ;  and  a  professional 
tact,  which,  in  analysing  tbe  military 
movements  of  the  ancients,  not  only 
facilitated  his  researches,  but  stamped 
his  decisions  with  general  conviction 
of  their  accuracy.  But  there  was 
still  another  quality  which  more  pecu- 
liarly marked  his  writings,  and  which 
cannot  be  too  much  held  up  for  imi- 
tation,—the  ingenuous  candour  with 
which  be  states  tbe  difficulties  he  could 
not  vanquish,  or  acknowledges  tbe 
happy  conjectures  of  others.  Those  who 
have  studied  his  Geography  of  Hero- 
dotus, and  followed  under  his  guidance 
the  retreat  of  the  ten  thousand,  will 
have  felt  how  much  this  quality  aug- 
ments tbe  value  of  his  reasonings  ;  and 
they  will  confess  that,  in  exciting  them 
to  use  their  own  judgment,  he  doubly 
contributes  to  their  information.  Jn  all 
bis  discussions  bis  sole  object  was  the 
establishment  of  truth,  and  not  the  tri- 
umph of  victory-.  Another  characteristic 
of  this  amiable  philosopher  was  the  ge- 
nerous facility  with  which  he  imparted 
bis  stores  of  learning  in  conversation.  A 
memory  remarkably  tenacious,  and  so 
well  arranged,  as  to  be  equally  ready  fur 
the  reception  or  fur  tbe  distribution  of 
knowledge,  made  him  a  depository  of 
facts  to  which  few  ever  applied  in  vain : 
adapting  himself  to  the  level  of  all  who 
consulted  him,  be  bad  the  happy  art  of 
correcting  their  errors  without  hurting 
their  feelings,  and  of  leading  them  to 
truth  without  convicting  them  of  igno- 
rance. 

The  estate  of  Major  Rennell  has  been 
administered  to  by  bis  daughter  Mrs. 
Tremayne  Rodd,  and  bis  property  sworn 
under  70,000/. 


Richard  Chrnevix,  Esq.  F.R.S. 

jfpril  5.  At  Paris,  Richard  Chenevix, 
Esq.  F.R.S.  M.R.I.A.  and  of  many  of 
the  learned  societies  of  Europe. 

The  family  of  Chenevix  was  driven  to 
this  country  on  tbe  revocation  of  the 
Edict  of  Nantes,  and  was  established  in 
Ireland  by  the  Right  Rev.  Richard  Che- 
nevix, who  died  in  1779}  after  bavinp 
held  for  thirty-four  years  the  united 
bishopric  of  Waterford  and  Lismore. 
(See  some  anecdotes  of  him,  taken  prin- 
cipally from  Dr.  Maty's  Memoirs  of  Lord 
Chesterfield,  in  our  vol.  XLix.  pp.  471, 
498.) 

Colonel  Chenevix,  brother  to  the  Bi- 
shop, died  in  1758.  We  presume  a  se- 
cond Colonel  Chenevix,  of  tbe  Artillery, 
who  was  tbe  father  of  the  subject  of  this 
notice,  was  a  sun  of  the  former.  His 
only  daughter  was  married  in  179^  to 
Hugh  Tuite,  E»q.  and  was  mother  of  tbe 
present  Hugh  Morgan  Tuite,  Esq.  one 
of  tbe  Knights  in  Parliament  for  tbe 
county  of  Westmeatb. 

Possessing  great  versatility  pf  talent, 
and  great  variety  of  information,  Mr. 
Chenevix  distinguished  himself  in  diffe- 
rent pans  of  polite  literature.  It  was 
in  chemistry,  however,  that  be  attained 
the  greatest  celebrity ;  bis  name  justly 
ranking  as  one  of  the  highest  among 
those  who  have  cultivated  tbe  analy- 
tical branches  of  that  science. 

Mr.  Chenevix  was  elected  a  Fellow  of 
the  Royal  Society  in  1801  ;  and  in  that 
and  tbe  few  next  following  years  made 
several  communications  to  that  learned 
body.  Tbe  following  appear  in  tbe 
Philosophical  Transactions :  —  Observa- 
tions  and  Experiments  upon  Oxygenized 
Muriatic  Acid ;  and  npun  some  combi- 
nations of  the  Muiiatic  Acid  in  its  three 
states,  1802. — Analysis  of  Corundun,  and 
of  some  of  the  substances  that  accom- 
pany it. — Analysis  of  tbe  Arseniates  of 
Copper  and  of  Iron ;  likewise  of  the 
red  octavdral  Copper  Ore  of  Cornwall, 
1801.— Observations  and  Experiments 
on  Dr.  James's  Powder,  with  a  method 
of  preparing,  in  the  humid  way,  a  si- 
milar substance. — Observations  on  tbe 
chemical  nature  of  tbe  Humours  of  tbe 
Eye,  1803.— Enquiries  concerning  ihe- 
nature  of  a  metallic  substance  lately 
sold  in  Lbndon  as  a  new  metal,  under 
the  title  of  Palladium. — On  tbe  action 
of  Platinaand  Mercury  upon  each  other. 

To  Nicholson's  Journal  he  contri- 
buted:— Analysis  of  a  new  variety  of 
Lead  Ore,  1801. — Analysis  of  Manacha- 
nite,  from  Botany  Bay. — Experiments 
to  determine  tbe  quantity  of  Sulphur 
contained  in  Sulphuric  Acid,  1808. — Re- 
searches on  Acetic  Aetd^  and  some 
Acetates,  1810. 


laiO.]  Omitv Anr.--^E.Chmetix,E$q'*F.R.S.r^fFm.LkUr,MJ).     503 


Mr.  Chtnerii't  first  difltinct  pobliea- 
tioii  wai,  *'llenarkt  upon  Cbeiaicsl 
Nomenclatore,  aecordlni^  to  the  prin- 
ciples of  the  French  Neoloi^tti,*'  1809, 
ISoo.  He  was  retident  in  Paris  in  1808, 
when  he  publiihed  in  Prcneh,  in  the 
65tb  rolume  of  the  Annates  de  Chimie, 
**  Obsenraclons  on  the  Mineraloflcal 
Sysfems,**  containing  a  ▼ifrorous  attaek 
on  that  of  the  celebrated  Werner,  and  a 
truly  philoaophical  defence  of  iIm  rival 
system  of  HaQy.  They  were  translated 
into  English  *'  by  a  nembrr  of  the  Geo- 
logical Society ;  aod,  Mr.  CheneTix  hav- 
ing himself  revised  the  translation,  and 
added  lome  '*  Remarks  on  D'Abuisson's 
Reply  to  the  Observations,"  were  re- 
published in  London,  in  8vo.  1811. 

In  the  following  year  Mr.  Chenevix 
appeared  in  a  much  lighter  department 
of  authorship:  *'The  Mantuan  Rivab, 
a  Comedy  ;  and  Henry  the  Seventh,  an 
Historical  Tragedy,"  are  written  in  the 
spirit  of  the  dramatic  authors  of  the 
Lliaabeihan  agt*. 

A  posthumous  work,  in  two  volumes 
octavo,  is  now  announced.  It  is  en- 
titled "An  Essay  upon  National  Cha- 
raeter,  being  an  Enquiry  into  some  of 
the  principal  Causes  which  contribute 
to  form  or  modify  the  Characters  of 
Nations  in  the  State  of  Civttiiation. 
The  heads  of  its  contents.are:^!.  Ge- 
neral Considerations  on  the  Study  of 
National  Character.— S.  On  Pride  and 
Vanity.— 3.  On  the  Pride  and  Vanity  of 
Nations.— 4.  On  Social  Improvement.— 
5.  On  Religion.~-6.  On  Morality.— 7. 
On  Governments— 8.  On  Intellect.— 9. 
On  Industry.— 10.  On  the  Military  Art». 
—  II.  On  Social  Habits.— 13.  On  P^ 
triotism.— 13.  On  the  Mutability  of  Na» 
tional  Character.*' 

Mr.  Chenevix  was  married  June  4, 
18 IS,  to  the  Countess  of  Ronault,  but 
we  believe  had  no  family.  Much  of  his 
time  and  fortune  was  devoted  to  literary 
and  scientific  pursuits  \  and,  in  an  ex- 
tensive circle  of  private  friends,  he  was 
eminently  esteemed  and  beloved. 

W1U.IAM  Lister,  M.D. 

The  following  sketch  of  the  profeui- 
onal  character  of  the  late  William  Lister, 
M.D.  formerly  physician  to  St.  Thomas's 
Hospital,  (whose  death  has  been  noticed 
iu  p.  381,)  has  been  communicated  by 
an  intimate  friend  of  the  deceased. 

This  estimable  physician,  who  main- 
tained a  deservedly  high  reputation  in 
this  metropolis  for  nearly  half  a  century, 
possessed  an  acute  and  vigorous  under- 
atanding,wbich  had  early  received  the  cul- 
ture of  a  liberal  and  extended  education. 
His  deep  and  solid  attainments,  both  in 
pbikitopoy  and  in  the  cUstici,  foriBcd  an 


admirable  basis  fbr  ttvdiet  mom  difeelly 
of  a  profesalonal  nature.  Tlieae  be  after- 
wards pursued  in  the  Unhrerslty  of  Edin* 
borgh,  with  such  persevering  ardour  and 
success  as  to  acquim  a  high  eharaaier 
for  his  knowledge  of  medicine  and  the 
collateral  sciences.    He  took  an 'exten- 
sive range  in  study,  and  alwaya  conti- 
nued to  retain  an  attachment  to  genml 
science ;  and  it  it  worthy  of  remark  that, 
to  the  very  last,  be  continued  to  keep 
pace  with  the  improvements  of  the  day, 
and,  even  in  chemistry,  to  make  himself 
intimately  acquainted  with  the  rapid 
progress  of  discovery.    So  great  a  love 
also  did  he  cherish  for  classical  litera- 
ture, that,  until  within  a  short  time  of 
his  death,  he  was  accustomed,  in  the 
intervals  of  professional  duty,  to  which 
he  conscientiously  devoted  a  large  por- 
tion of  his  time  and  energy^  to  recreate 
himself  with  the  poets  and  historians  of 
Greece  and  Rome.    Nor  did  he  diteover 
any  diminution  of  interest  in  the  science 
of  mind,  on  which  he  continued  to  read 
with  the  same  deep  attention  and  eager 
spirit  of  inquiry  which  had  charactefteied 
the  investigations  of  his  eariy  collegiate 
life.      Notwithstandingt  however,  this 
steady  attachment  to  general  science  and 
literature,  in  which  his  acquirementa 
were  not  less  extensive  than  profiiand. 
Dr.  Lister  constantly  made  his  profetslon 
the  principal  object  of  attention.    Pew 
individuals,  periiaps,  have  posiemad  a 
constitution  of  mind  better  adapted  lor 
the  prosecution  of  medical  inquiry*    An 
acute   perception  and  great  power  of 
attention  were  united  with  a  sound  and 
discriminating  Judgment,  by  which  be 
was  enabled  to  view  a  sublcet  In  all  its 
bearings,  carefully  separating  what  was 
essential  from  that  which  was  mefely 
accidental  and  adventitious,  and  gese* 
rally  deducing  from  the  whole  a  eorarct 
and  logical  conclusion.    So  thorooghly 
and  patiently,  Indeed*  did  this  indefati- 
gable physician  investigate  the   more 
obscure  fbrms  of  disease,  as  seldom  to 
have  occasion  to  amend  his  opinion  or 
retrace  bis  steps.      Like  his  InthBate 
friends,  l>r.  Baillie  and  Mr.  Cline,  he 
was  accustomed  to  express  his  viewtf  of 
a  case  in  a  few,  clear,  forcible  words, 
and  in  a  manner  simple  and  unadorned, 
yet  calculated  to  impress  the  hearer  with 
a  conviction  of  the  value  and  coneecaess 
of  the  opinion. 

Dr.  Litter's  practice  exactly  corre- 
sponded with  the  clearness  and  dccialoB 
of  his  mind,  evincing  an  equal  degree  of 
simplieitT  and  of  energy  i  and  thwe  en- 
abling him  to  ascertain,  with  eonslder- 
able  accuracy,  the  progress  of  the  dlnnae 
and  the  elKwts  of  the  remedlei*  ■ 
Nor  would  It  be  proper  to  oaH  a 


«  To  ascertain  the  truth  of  tba  above 
cor\jecture,  and  to  recpmoDend  the  prac- 
tise of  post  morteni  rzainiitations  by  an 
exaiD)>4e  in  my  uwii  p«>r80D9  I  desire  that 
my  excellent  friend  Mr.  J.  H.  Green, 
may  be  requested  to  make  a  complete 
examination  of  me  as  soon  after  my  death 
as  be  thinks  deftirable>  and  to  furnish 
my  son  Nathaniel*  with  a  statement  of 
all  he  observes."  In  accordance  with 
this  request  an  accurate  inspeetion  was 
made  by  Mr.  Professor  Gr«en|  which  re- 
markably confirmed  the  opinion  which 
the  deceased  had  entertained  of  the  Da* 
ture  of  his  disease. 

Notwithstanding  occasional  parosysmt 
of  agonizing  pain,  Dr.  Lister  steadily 
pursued  his  usual  avocations,  and  actu- 
ally visited  his  patients  until  the  day 
preceding  bis  death.  He  had  tufrered, 
however,  exceedingly  during  the  severe 
weather  of  January  last,  both  from  dif- 
ficulty of  breathing  and  general  unear 
siness  about  his  chest.  Towards  the  even- 
ing of  Tuesday,  February  Sd,  symptoms 
of  effusion  more  distinctly  appeared ; 
and  on  the  morning  of  Wednesday,  sur- 
rounded by  bis  numerous  and  affectionate 
family,  and  in  the  full  possession  of  his 
mind,  this  venerable  man  gradually 
ceased  to  breathe.  T.  H.  B* 


564    OBiTUA^T.—^^m.  Lister,  M.D.'^Roberi  HMiillon,  M.D.    [June, 

special  reference  Co  those  sterling  moral 
qualities,  which   were   not  less  conspi- 
cuous and  influential  than   his  intelltsc- 
tual  endowments.  Uncompromising iote< 
grity  and  genuine  di!>interesttdiiess  were 
strikingly  observable  in  his  whole  cha- 
racter.   The  welfare  of  his  patients  and 
friends,  rather  than  his  owu  individual 
interest,  appeared  to  be  the  predomi- 
nating principle  of  action.     He  had  a 
just  conception  of  what  belonged  to  the 
character   of  a   physician,  and  always 
maintained,  by  example  as  well  as  by 
precept,   the  dignity  and  value  of  his 
honourable  profession. 

With  such  principles  and  sueh  con- 
duct, it  is  not  surprising  that  Dr.  Lister 
should  have  inspired,  in  the  minds  of 
those  who  had  the  privilege  of  his 
friendship^  a  high  degree  of  respect  and 
attachment  \  although,  from  a  rooted 
aversion  to  every  thing  like  pretension 
and  display,  his  manner  may  have  ap- 
peared to  strangers  cool  and  unattrac- 
tive. Those,  however,  who  knew  him 
intimately  had  abundant  proofs  of  the 
tenderness  and  depth  of  his  feelings. 

WUh  a  mind  so  well  stored  anid  dis- 
cip^ned,  and  with  opportunities  and 
bii^its  of  observation  so  favourable  to 
research,  it  is  to  be  regretted  that  Dr. 
Lister  should  have  written  comparatively 
little.  The  specimens  of  biography  given 
in  the  Genileman's  Magazine  for  No- 
vember 1817,  and  October  1823,  con- 
taining short  memorials  of  two  of  his 
most  beloved  and  intimate  associates, 
viz.  Dr.  Wells  and  Dr.  Baillie,  suflki- 
ently  prove  how  admirably  he  was  qua- 
lified for  literary  undertakings. 

But  to  the  most  able  and  diligent,  as 
well  as  to  others,  **  there  is  a  time  to 
die."  Dr.  Lister  contemplated  that  im- 
portant change  with  remarkable  com- 
nosure.  During  the  last  thirty  years  of 
his  life,  indeed,  he  had  suflFered  repeated 
attacks  of  angina  pectoris,  and  had  a 
constant  persuasion  of  being  himself  the 
subject  of  organic  disease  about  the 
heart.  Of  this  settled  and  deliberate 
conviction  he  could  not  divest  his  mind, 
notwithstanding  the  remonstrances  of 
his  brethren,  especially  of  his  intimate 
friend  Dr.  Wells,  who  laboured  to  per- 
suade him  he  was  merely  hypochondri- 
acal :  yet  tbe  post  mortem  appearances 
decisively  prove  that  Dr.  Lister's  usual 
judgment  did  not  forsake  him  even  in 
the  consideration  of  his  own  individual 
case. 

Among  the  papers  examined  after  his 
death,  a  memoiandum  was  found  dated 
December  SOth,  1821,  in  which  he  de- 
tails the  principal  symptoms  of  his  com- 
plaint, and  his  opinion  of  their  nature, 
concluding  with  the  following  direction : 


BoasRT  Hamilton,  MD. 

May  99.     At  Ipswich,  in  his  88od  year, 
Hobert  HamiUoD,  M.D. 

The  Doetor  was  descended  from  a  Scot- 
tuh  fismily  of  gmat  respectability;  but  was 
bom  at  Coleratne,  in  Ireland,  in  1748.     He 
was  educated  for  the  medical  profession  at  the 
Uoiversiiy  of  Edinburgh*  wbere  he  obtained 
the  degree  of  M  J>.    In  1780,  he  entered 
the  army    as    a    regimental  soigeon;    in 
which  capacity  he  continued  until    1784« 
when  he  setUedat  Ipwich  as  a  physician. 
He  there  soon  acquired    the  public  con- 
fidence, as   well    as    a  coasiderable  share 
of   respectable    practice.       Unfortunately, 
however,  whilst   reaping  the  fruit  of  his 
professional  labours,  he  was  seized  with  a 
complaint   in  the  optic  nerve,   occasioned 
by  a  rheumatic  a£Fection,  which  terminated 
on  the  8 1st  of  March,  1 795,  in  total  blind- 
ness;   from   which  dreadful  affliction    he 
never  recovered.     He  was  for  many  years  a 
member  of  the  Royal  College  of  Physicians» 
and  of  the  Medical  Society  in  London ;  as 
well  as  of  the  Royal  Medical  and  Physical 
Societies  is  Edinburgh. 

Dr.  Hamilton's  acquirements  were  con- 
siderable, and  eminently  qualified  him  for 

*  Then  a  student  in  medicine,  now 
M.D.,  and  exercising  his  profession  In 
London  j  having  lately,  too,  been  una- 
nimously elected  to  succeed  bis  father  as 
Physician  to  the  Orphan  Working  School. 


1830.]  09XTUAaT.~l}9fcirl  HamUiMi,  M.D^^^oaph  tht§e$,  £if.    6« 

fretioB.    Hf  thtn  rtytind  Iq  Laiidas«  tn^ 
totorW  M  •  atudsot  of  Giir'a  HntpiuJ. 

At  chat  period  inadiad  MHflatioa  wm  muoIi 
laM  oottfirthtoMVilj  cttl(ival«d  (haa  at  tlif 
pnttBt  (ima  j  bmaj  atadavtoy  aftar  thair  a^^ 
prvBtioaaliipf  aot  diavoCio|(  mora  than  »  ainni 
•aaaoa  to  the  aUendaaoa  upoa  loetiivaa,  £fl^ 
before  diej  aaterad  upoa  the  aatual  dutifP 
of  practice.  Mr.  U.  bovaraTf  aaUoribad  m 
a  perpataal  popU  to  the  varioua  Profaaaon^ 
aad  vigorooalj  pursoed  hie  pminMooal  am* 
diet  for  three  tacoaaaive  y«an,  1790»  1 791* 
aad  1799.  He  aooo  aftervarda  comaMinad 
buaioettf  with  tcaroaly  any  ooanactioiiaf  is 
Loudoo,  aad  ia  fact  with  UttJa  to  valj  apos 
but  hit  kaowledge  of  a  profiMaioo  to  w)udh 
he  waa  wamly  attached*  and  aa  active  im^ 
duatry  which  ao  diffieultiea  eould  paiaiyaa* 
With  nafturai  philoaophy,  and  other  waacliM 
of  ftcieaee,  whi<^  euiaiid  the  mind  vhili$ 
they  lead  a  coUatefal  aid  to  the  lawliflal 
pcaetitiooer,  be  waa  thoroughly  aeqaaiatad  I 
aad  ahortly  after  enleriag  apoa  hia  prafca 
aiooal  career,  he  delivered  aevaral  coaraai 
of  lecturea  on  alaotrioityy  for  whioh  he  paa- 
aeaaed  aa  anteaaive  aad  powerM  apparalaa* 
Theae  lecturea  were  attended  by  miay  aoieo^ 
tific  characura,  aad  laid  the  faiadatian  af 
aooke  laatiag  aad  valuable  ftiaiMlakipi  Ilia 
aucotat  itt  lUa  waa  ateadily  progieaaife  i  md 
may  afford  eooounigameot  lo  yoaager  mam* 
here  eoteriM  apon  the  aama  path»  by  ahaar 
iag  that,  altboagh  large  iaituaaa  ara  aot  t» 
be  obtained  by  the  bnaeamUe  laPiaiaa  mi 
a  profiaaaiooy  **  whaae  hamUe  glory  ia  ia  da 
good,"  yet  that  diligeat  aad  npngbt  aa 
wiU  rarely  liil  to  aeeara  laapact  «id 
peteace. 

Hia  aaceaaia^  deaira  of  orofnaionBl . 

ledge  induced  him  to  the  Meet  period  af  hia 
life  to  attend  leatoraa,  and  cardnUy  pataaa 
every  work  of  merit  aa  it  afyaaaad.  Ilia 
oanaaqaaat  attaiamaaia»  aided  by  a  aaaad 
Judgamot  aad  gaaaral  Ubaryi^  of  npiiib^ 
plaMd  him  vary  high  ia  the  eatimariaa  «f 
Lia  medioal  brewao*  by  maav  ti  wham  Im 
waa  caaaidarad  ana  wha  adgbt  ba  poialad 
oat  aa  a  modal  of  tba  bicbly  anhkmad  aad 
honoarabla  ganaral  paactitianar.  Of  thb  a 
atroa^  pcoaT  waa  given  ia  bia  being,  dariag 
aucaeeaam  yeara«  eleaaad  Pkaaidant  af  tba 
'*  Aaaoeiated  AMMheoariea  aod 
Apotbeearka  of  Eagbad  aad  1  , 
aitaatioB  ia  whiah  hb  aaodoet  merited 


the  proCMaioB  which  he  asaveiaedi  aa  hia 
perceptioo  waa  <)uick,  hit  Judcmcat  aoandf 
and  mt  induttry  unwearied.  He  waa  a  warm 
advocate  for  civil  and  reUgtooa  liberty,  aad 
zealout  in  hit  exertiont  for  the  abolitbw 
of  that  ifli4>ioat  commerce,  the  trade  and 
traffic  in  roan. 

The  Doctor  waa  the  author  of  the  follow- 
ing profemional  woria,  viz.  **  Reaaarka  ea 
the  meant  of  obviating  the  fiital  effectt  of 
the  Bite  of  a  Mad  Dog,  or  other  Rabid 
Aoiaalt ;  with  obtervatioaa  oo  the  method 
v(  Cure  when  Hydrophobia  occura,  aod  tba 
Opiaioot  relative  to  the  Worming  oi  Doct 
refuud ;  illustrated  bv  Exampiea,'*  IpawiM, 
1786,  8vo.     An  enlarged  edition  of  thia 
work  waa  printed  in  London  in  1798,  ia  two 
volumea,  8va    "The  Dutiet  of  a  Regi- 
mental Surgeoa  cooaidered ;  with  Obaerv^ 
tjoot  on   ma    general    Qualificatiuaa,  aad 
Hiata  relative  to  a  more  retpectahle  praa^ 
tice,  aod  better  regulationa  in  that  depart- 
meat  {  wlierein  are  interaperted  many  Me- 
dical  Aaeoducea,   and   Sobjecta    diacuaaed 
equally  interetting  to  every  Practitioaen" 
London,    1788,    8  vola.   8vo.     A  aaooad 
edition   of  thia    work    appeared    in    1794. 
•*  Thooghu  oo  eatabliahiof  a  Faad  ht  Siok 
Soldiert  and  their  Wivaa,"  8vo.«    a  maat 
benevolent  effort  i    '*  Practieal  UinU   aa 
Opium,  cooaidered  aa  a  Poiaon,"  ImwUL, 
1 79 1 ,  8 vo. ;  **  Rulea  for  Reoovering  PeraoM 
recently  Drowned,"    London,    1796,  8vo. 
In  1 800,  he  itaued  propoaala  for  poblithtag 
by  tubtcription,    <*  A  Hiatory   of  Health* 
Longevity,  aad  Populatioa,  with  the  Dorar 
tioo  and  Value  of  Life  in  the  County  of 
Suffolk,  deduced  from  Baptitmal  aad  Obt- 
tuarv  TaUea,  formed  firom  Pariah  Ragiatara ; 
or,  Mcdico-CEconomioal  Ratearchet,  eooi- 
preheoding  the  Aget  of  Deceaaed  Peraoaa  to 
the  end  of  the  year  1800,  acting  the  Maa- 
tality  of  Childrea  under   five  yaara,   with 
aome  iaquinr  into  the  caaaea  i  Obaarvatiaaa 
oo  the  Influcaca  of  the  Soil  and  Air  on 
Liviag  Bodiea  i  on  the  Stnictum  af  Cat- 
tagea  aad  Buildiaga  erected  for  the  Poor ; 
the  whole  affordiag  aa  iataraatiag  Deliaea- 
tion  of  thaStaU  of  Society  ia  thia  rich,  fer- 
tile, and  agricultural  County."    It  ia  maah 
to  be  regretted,  that  thia  work  wat  aevar 
pobiithed,  aa  it  would  have  proved  highW 
acceptable  to  the  aaedical  ttadent,  aa  waU 
aa  to  the  political  afonomiat.  J.  F« 


JoaEPB  HAYia,  EtQ. 

Jan.  5.    In  Upper  Cbarlea-tt.  Fitzroy-aq. 
aged  60,  Joaeph  Uayae,  £aq.  aurgeoa. 

Mr.  Hayea  waa  bora  at  Barton  ia  Lia- 
colothire,  Nov.  7tb,  17^,  and  received  fait 
edacation  in  that  aeigbbourhaod.  Atacbool 
be  wat  dittiagttiahad  by  mora  tfaaa  comaMm 
iatelliganoe,  and  in  dna  tia»e  vat  pbmad 
with  Mr.  Beaton,  a  raapactabla  tuigeoa  mi 
hit  native  town,  with  wham  ha  aervad  a  ra- 
gubtf  appcaaiioaihip  lo  ihmr  naloal  tttft- 


raoeivad  the  aioat  cardial  apprebatioa. 

Ha  waa  ako  ii  active  awmbcr  aad 
loot  proaM^ter  of  a  Medical  Banarnlaat  Xa- 
atitutiaa,  which,  aoMog  ita  abjerm,  aaa- 
tampleted  a  praviaiaa  £r  tfaa  lafirmkaaa  af 
necettitooa  old  aga,  bat  which  it  ia  to  ba 
regretted  ao  hmgar  asiala. 

At  hia  death,  he  laid  the  aAea  mi  Turn- 
aarer  to  the  Phyaiobigkal  Saaiety.  Ha 
waa  alao  a  mamfaet  af  tba  fioeia 
FuroamgamiBt  of  Aita»  fta.'aad 
aaaiatad  ia  the  dalibamtioa  el  im 
Whila  aoiialy  aa«wA  ja  tim 


566    Obituary. — G.  R.  Cross,  Esq. —  UWiam  Grimaldi,  Esq.     [June, 


duties  which  devolved  upon  him  in  his  pro- 
fessional capacity,  his  natural  taste  and 
enlarged  understanding  led  him  to  cultivate 
an  acquaintance  with  polite  literature  and 
the  6ne  arts.  In  the  latter  his  extensive  and 
valuable  collection  of  engravings  &c.  and  a 
few  but  choice  paintings,  displayed  at  once 
bis  taste  and  his  judgment.  His  cabinet  of 
minerals  and  of  coins  evinced  his  fondness 
for  those  branches  of  science.  Well  read 
in  £nglish  literature,  few  could  boast  a  more 
intimate  knowledge  of  the  standard  works  of 
our  language,  while  scarcely  a  modern  pub- 
lication of  merit  escaped  his  notice.  This 
rendered  his  conversation  cheering,  instruc- 
tive, and  delightful,  whether  it  turned  upon 
the  hackneyed  topics  of  the  day,  or  the 
lights  aflForded  by  history  or  philosophy  for 
ameliorating  the  condition  of  mankind.  The 
productions  of  his  pen  were  numerous,  but 
they  are  scattered  among  the  various  friends 
for  whom  they  were  written,  or  to  whom 
they  were  addresst^-  Some  papers  appeared 
in  a  volume  of  iVansactions  of  the  So- 
ciety of  which  he  was  president :  in  con- 
junction with  two  other  highly  talented  in- 
dividuals, he  edited  that  volume.  Of  the 
three  through  whom  it  was  given  to  the 
world,  one  alone  (Mr.  ^cock)  survives,  at 
once  an  ornament  to  his  profession,  knd  a 
general  benefactor  to  mankind,  by  his  zea- 
lous and  unwearied  endeavours  to  Improve 
the  education,  increase  the  knowledge,  and 
enlarge  the  views  of  those  upon  whose  skill 
and  integrity  the  health  and  safety  of  the 
community  so  materially  depend.  With  a 
fondness  and  taste  for  the  poetry  of  others, 
Mr.  Hayes  had  himself  paid  no  imsuccessful 
court  to  the  Muse,  specimens  of  which  may 
appear  on  a  future  occasion. 

As  a  man,  his  virtues  were  daily  experi- 
enced, without  the  slightest  approacn  to 
ostentation.  He  was  frugal  in  his  habits, 
particularly  as  regarded  the  gratifications  of 
the  table,  believing  that  a  power  of  enjoying 
the  simplest  fare  was  a  great  source  of  inde- 
pendence, should  fortune  ever  render  retire- 
ment upon  limited  means  desirable  or  com- 
pulsory. He  used  often  to  indulge  in  cal- 
culating for  how  small  an  annual  sum  a 
person  accustomed  to  mental  exertions  and 
iVugal  habits  might  enjoy  the  luxury  of  a 
tranquil  mind,  aided  by  books,  and  the  so- 
ciety of  a  few  friends.  Another  favourite 
object  of  his  consideration  was,  how  a  me- 
dical man,  at  that  advanced  period  of  life 
incompatible  with  much  exertion,  might 
still  render  himself  useful  to  the  community, 
and  at  the  tame  time  provide  for  his  own 
subsistence.  In  politics,  he  was  an  ardent 
admirer  of  the  talents  and  principles  of  Mr. 
Fox,  tod,  as  a  member  of  the  Whig  Club, 
regularly  attended  its  meetings,  during  the 
life  of  that  distinguished  statesman.  In  the 
duties  of  private  life,  as  the  husband,  the 
£ather,  the  friend,  and  the  beneffictor  of 
the  afflicted,  both  by  his  skill  and  hb  purse. 


his  conduct  was  truly  exemplary.  In  person 
he  was  robust,  and,  in  his  latter  years,  rather 
corpulent,  but  possessing  great  activity.  He 
died  after  an  illness  which  had  con6ned  him 
only  between  two  and  three  days.  The  im- 
mediate cause  of  his  death  was  a  rupture  of 
the  heart,  a  disease  of  very  unusual  €»ccur- 
rence,  and  which,  it  is  said,  terminated  the 
existence  of  George  the  Second. 

G.  R.  Cross,  Esq. 

May  S4.  In  Montagu-st.  Russell-sq , 
aged  45,  George  Rubert  Cross,  Esq.  M.A. 
Barrister  at  Law,  and  Counsel  to  the  Uni- 
versity of  Oxford. 

lie  was  educated  at  the  grammar-school  in 
Bath,  and  under  private  tuition ;  from  thence 
he  removed  to  Brazenoze  College,  Oxford, 
where  by  good  scholarship  in  general,  as 
well  as  by  a  peculiarly  happy  talent  in  the 
construction  of  the  more  difficult  Greek 
authors,  he  obtained  the  appellation  of 
Aristophanes  Cross,  whilst  by  his  gentle- 
manly demeanour  he  secured  the  attacnraent 
of  many  distinguished  members  of  that  so- 
ciety, whose  friendship  and  regards  he  re- 
tained through  life.  He  attained  the  degree 
of  M.A.  in  1810.  Entering  at  Lincoln's 
Inn  he  became  a  pupil  of  Lord  Tenterden ; 
and  after  practising  some  time  as  a  special 
pleader,  he  attended  the  Oxford  Circuit.  His 
success,  as  a  junior  barrister,  was  unpre- 
cedented. He  was  elected  counsel  to  the 
University,  and  obtained  such  other  ap- 
pointments which  form  the  usual  steps  to 
subsequent  advancement ;  when  he  was  at- 
tacked by  a  painful  malady,  aggravated,  if 
not  occasioned,  by  too  close  an  attention  to 
his  profession,  and  which  gradually  and 
latterly  altogether  withdrew  nlm  firom  bis 
public  duties.  He  had  for  some  time  partly 
resided  at  Clifton,  near  Bristol. 

'i  o  an  accurate  knowledge  of  the  law  Mr. 
Cross  united  a  taste  for  general  information. 
Theology  was  also  his  favourite  study.  Re- 
garding it  in  its  evidences  as  a  standard  of 
&ith,  he  considered  the  Christian  Religion 
as  a  system  l>eyond  the  reach  of  the  human 
intellect  to  have  devised ;  and  having  con> 
formed  himself  to  its  precepts,  a*  a  rule 
of  life  and  manners,  he  fortified  and,  con- 
soled his  mind  during  hours  of  protracted 
suffering  with  the  divine  maxims  of  that 
Heavenly  Wisdom  in  which  the  best  lawyers 
are  generally  proficients,  and  of  which  he 
now  experiences  the  truth  and  blessedness. 

William  Grimaldi,  Esq. 

Mai/  27.  In  Upper  Ebury  Street,  Chel- 
sea, in  his  79th  year,  William  Grimaldi, 
Esq.  formerly  of  Albemarle  Street. . 

He  was  a  descendant  of  Cardinal  Jerome 
Grimaldi,  of  Genoa  (so  created  by  Clement 
VII.  in  1627,  after  the  death  of  his  wife), 
and  the  grandson  of  Alexander  Grimaldi,  a 
Genoese  nobleman  who  settled  In  England 
shortly  after    the    bombudment .  and  de- 


1830.]       Obituary.— Mrs.  H,  BowdUr.^^Archdeaean  PtlL 


M7 


struciion  of  GencM  by  Louis  XIV.  in  1684, 
and  who  died  in  London  in  1739.     A  print 
of  him  is  mentioned  in  OuUton's  Catalogue. 
His  grandmother  was  Miss  Dorcas  Ander- 
son,   one   of  the    granddaughters  and  co- 
heiresses of  Sir  Francis  Anderson,  Knight, 
of  Bradley  Hall,  Durham,  and  member  for 
Newcast!e*upon-Tyne,  a  loyal  cavalier.    His 
father,   Alexander   Griroatdi,    was  bora   in 
England  in  1794,  and  died  in  London  in 
1800,  having  married  Miss  Esther  Barton 
of  Gloucester,   cousin  to  the   present  Dr. 
Barton,  Dean  of  Bocking. 

Mr.  Grinuildi  early  showed  great  inclina- 
tion for  drawing,  and  was  in  consequence 
placed  to  study  under   Worlidge,  a   chief 
artist  of  the  day.     From  1777  to  1783,  he 
resided  in  Paris,  where  he  became  intimate, 
through  his  friend  Abb^  Clovet,  the  King's 
Almoner,  with  a  very  high  class  of  society, 
to   which     his    own   unaffectedly   polished 
manners,  amiable  disposition,  aud  invariable 
cheerfulness,   rendered   him   so   acceptable 
that  he   received  offers  of  much  advantage 
on  condition  of  embracing  the  Roman  Ca- 
tholic religion,  which  his  &ther  had  relin- 
quished ;  but  these  offers  be  declined*     He 
settled  in   EngUnd  shortly  after  his    nar- 
r'uige,  and  having  been  subseouently  intro- 
duced to  King  George  the  Third,  he  en- 
joyed thenceforth  the  patronage   not  only 
of  tliat  good  Soverei^rn,  but   of   his  son, 
our  present  beloved  Monarch,  George  the 
Fourth,  who,  without  solicitation,  appoint- 
ed him  one  of  his  painters  extraordinary; 
and  the  cabioeU  of  both  their  Majesties,  of 
tlie  roval  family,  and  of  a  very  great  propor- 
tion of  the  nobility  of  the  kingdom,  are  en- 
riched with  his  beautiful  enamel  and  waUr- 
colour  portraits  in  miniature,  some  few  of 
which  have  been  engraved. 

Mr.  Grimaldi  waa  hereditarily  entitled  to 
the  dignity  of  a  Marquis  of  Genoa,  by  vir- 
tue or  a  grant  of  the  Emperor  Charles  V. 
in  1S98,  but  which  title  he  never  used.  By 
the  limitations  of  foreign  nobility,  it  de- 
scends to  both  his  sons.  His  family  have 
been  for  many  centuries  sovereign  princes  of 
Monaco;  and  they  take  precedence  in 
France,  as  the  third  foreign  princely  house 
in  that  kingdom.  In  Genoa  (their  proper 
soil)  they  were  consuls  or  chiefs  of  the  re- 
public in  1160,  and  have  been  nobles  ever 
since. 

Mr.  Grimaldi  waa  bora  in  Middlesex, 
and  he  married  at  Maidstone,  in  1783, 
Frances,  only  surviving  child  of  Lewis  Bar- 
ker, Esq.*  ot  Rocheatcr,  and  niece  of  Mary 
l^y  Stirling,  of  Glorat,  and  hv  her,  who 
died  in  June  1813  (see  our  vol.  Lxxxiil. 
i.  p.  .S<)7]>  lef^  three  children,  1.  Louisa- 
Frances,  wife  of  the  Rev.  John  Edmeads, 
Rector  of  St.  Mary's,  CricUade;  9.  Wil- 
liam, unmarried ;  and  8.  Scacey,  F.S.A.» 
who  baa  issue. 

He  was   interred  with  his  £unily  in  the 
City  Burial  Ground. 


Mm.  H.  BowoLtiu 

Fib,  95.    At  Bath,  agml  76,  Mn.  H. 
Bowdler. 

This  lady  was  sister  to  the  late  Thomaa 
Bowdler,  Esq.  F.R.S.  and  S.A.  the  editor  of 
the  **  Family  Shakspeare  ;*'  and  daughter  of 
Thomas  Bowdler,  Esq.  by  Elizabeth  Stuart,, 
second  daughter  and  coheiress  of  Sir  John 
Cotton,  tlM  fifth  and  last  Baronet  of  Co- 
nington  in  Huntingdonshire,  and  great- 
grandson  of  the  founder  of  the  Cottoniaa 
library.  Mrs.  Bowdler  waa  the  author  of 
**  Practical  Observations  on  the  Revelation 
of  St.  John,  written  in  the  year  1775,  by 
the  late  Mrs.  Bowdler,'*  and  publuhed  ia 
1800  (see  our  vol.  lzx.  pp.  749—755). 

Her  daughter,  the  lady  now  deceaaed,  waa 
the  authoress  of  <*  Poems  and  Essays,'*  pub- 
lished at  Bath  in  1786,  in  two  vols.  19 mo. ; 
and  of  some  "  Sermons  on  the  Doctrines 
and  Duties  of  Christianity,"  of  which  it  is 
related,  that  Bishop  Porteus  was  so  pleased 
with  them,  that,  under  the  idea  of  their 
having  been  written  by  a  clergyman,  he 
offered,  through  the  publisher,  to  confisr  a 
livine  upon  the  author. 

hut,  Bowdler  also  edited  in  1810,  and 
through  several  editions,  "  Fragments  in 
Prose  and  Verse,  by  the  late  Miss  Elizabeth 
Smith."  As  with  her  late  benevolent  bro- 
ther, the  profits  of  her  publications  were 
generally  devoted  to  charitable  purposes. 

Archdeacon  Pitt. 

Feb.  4.  At  Christ  Church,  Osfoid,  aged 
74,  the  Rev.  Phineas  Pett,  D.D.  Arcb£a- 
con  of  Oxford,  Canon  and  Treasurer  of 
Christ  Church,  a  Prebendanf  of  Salisbury, 
Rector  of  Newington  in  Oxfordshire,  and  of 
Chilholton  in  Hampshire. 

The  family  of  Pett  was,  for  several  gene- 
rations, engaged  in  the  superintendaoce  of 
the  royal  do^vards,  having  been  raised  to 
eminence  in  tliat  employoMot  by  Phiaeea 
Pett,  who  was  shipwright  to  Kmg  Jamea 
the  Pirst,  and  from  whose  aotobiograpbieal 
diary  some  interesting  extracts  are  given  tn 
the  twelfth  volume  of  the  Archseologia,  aad 
several  others  are  interspersed  in  Nichols's 
"  Progresses  of  King  James  I." 

From  this  honest  shipwright  Dr.  Peit 
derived  his  descent  and  his  name ;  his  fittber 
resided  at  Maidstone.  He  waa  educated  at 
Westminster,  where  he  waa  admitted  King's 
schokr  in  1770,  and  elected  to  Christ 
Church,  Oxford,  in  1774.*    He  proceeded 

*  The  schoUrs  elected  to  Chrkt  Choroh 
in  1774  were  five  :  the  Hon.  Perey  Charles 
Wyndham  i  Moitoa  Lsmbsrde,  (of  Sevea- 
oaks,  Esq.);  Thomas  Andrew  StraagSt 
(son»etime  Chief  Justice  of  Madras,  sad 
knighted);  Phineas  PeU;  aad  W'dliaa 
Frederick  Browne,  (now  D,D»  aad  PrcbsB* 
dary  of  Wells).  AU  these,  after  tU  Isfsa 
of  fifty-five  years,  were  liviag  oatU  the 
death  of  Archdeacon  Pett. 


668         OBirvKRY.-^Jtrchdeaeon  Pelt. — Rev.  Joseph  Ca$$an.        [Jane, 


M.A.  1781,  B.D.  1791,  D.D.  1797; 
and  served  thjs  University  office  of  Prootor, 
together  with  Dr.  Routh,  the  present  Pre- 
sident of  Magdalen  College^  in  1786. 

At  the  close  irf  1788  he  was  appointed 
one  of  the  Whitehall  preachers.  In  1 789, 
being  then  Chaplain  to  Dr.  Smaliwelly 
Bishop  of  Oxford,  he  was  collated  by  that 
prelate  to  the  vicarage  of  Orton  on  the  Hill, 
in  Leicestershire ;  bat  exchanged  in  the 
seme  year  for  that  of  Cropredy,  in  Oxford- 
shire, which  is  in  the  same  patronage.  In 
1795  he  was  presented  by  his  college  to  the 
rectory  of  Wentnor,  in  ohropshire  ;  and  in 
the  same  year  was  collated  by  the  then  Dr. 
North,  Bishop  of  Winchester,  to  the  rec- 
tory of  Chilbolton,  in  Hampshire,  which  he 
retained  until  his  death.  In  1796*  Bishop 
Smallwell  appointed  him  Chancellor  of  the 
diocese  of  Oxford,  and  in  the  following  year 
Archdeacon.  In  1801,  he  was  collated  by 
Bishop  Fisher  to  the  prebend  of  Grimston 
and  Yetniinster  in  the  church  of  Salisbury ; 
and  in  1802,  by  Archbishop  Moore,  to  the 
rectory  of  Newington,  in  Oxfordshire. 

In  1801,  Dr.  Pett  was  elected  Master  of 
St.  Mary  Hall,  which  office  he  resigned  in 
1815,  when  he  was  appointed  a  Canon  of 
Christ  Church. 

-  Dr.  Pett  was  tutor  to  the  late  statesman, 
Mr.  Canning.      On  the   death  of  Bishop 
Goodeuough,  In   1897,  his  Mijesty  wrote 
an  autograph  letter  to  Lord  Guderich,  in 
which  he  stated,  that  as  he  knew  it  was  the 
intention  of  tlie  late  Premier  to  appoint  his 
tutor.  Dr.  Pett,  to  the  first  vacant  Bishop- 
rick,  if  Lord  Goderich  saw  no  objection  to 
it,  tlie  death  ef  the  Bishop  of  Carlisle  would 
supply  the  opportunity.     The  offer  was  in 
consequence   made  ;  but  Dr.  Pett,  witltout 
hesitation,  declined  it,  being  perfectly  con- 
tent  with   that  station   in  the   church  he 
already  so  honourably  filled.     From  the  de- 
cided manner  in  which  he   had  expressed 
himself,   the   Doctor    expected    the  affair 
would  have  at  once  been  set  to  rest ;  three 
weeks    afterwards,    however,    his    Majesty 
ordered  the  offer  to  be  repeated,  observing, 
*f  That  no  steps   had  been  taken  till  the 
Doctor  had  had  time  to  reconsider  his  re- 
fnsal,  and  that  the  bishoprick  was  still  at  his 
service."    Dr.  Pett,  however,  although  en- 
tertaining the  most  grateful  sense  of  His 
Majesty's  liberality  and  condescension,  per- 
sisted in  his  first  resolve,  and  the  See  passed 
into  the  possession  of  Dr.  Percy.     We  know 
not  which  part  of  this  transaction  is  the 
most  rare — the  second  offer  or  the  second 
refusal. 

Dr.  Pett  passed  a  long  and  useful  life, 
excepting  one  short  interval,  within  the  pre- 
cincts of  the  University  of  Oxford,  beloved 
for  the  benevolence  of  his  disposition,  ad- 
mired for  his  taste,  wit,  and  scholarship,  and 
respected  for  his  integrity. 


Rev.  Josepu  Cassak. 

May  8.  At  his  house  at  Stradbafly, 
Queen's  County,  aged  88,  the  Rev.  Jos^ 
Cassan,  Rector  of  Timmogue  and  Vtcar  of 
Tullaraoy  and  Fosse  in  the  same  coun^,  and 
Chaplain  to  the  late  £arl  of  Ruden. 

He  was  born  Feb.  19,  1748,  and  was  the 
last  surviving  issue  of  Matthew  Cassan,  of 
Navestock,  Essex,  and  of  Sheffield,  Queen's 
County,  Esq.  (properties  to  which  he  suc- 
ceeded as  only  son  and  heir  of  Stephen  Cas- 
san, M.D.  a  French  physician,  born  1669, 
who   married  in  1699  the  heiress  of  Joseph 
Sheffield  of  those  places,  Esq.*)  by  his  se- 
cond  wife,    Christiana,    daughter  of  John 
Walsh  of  the  island  of  Jamaica,  Esq. ;  the 
other  issue  being  John  Cassan,  who  died 
Capuin    in  the  56th  regiment  in  1804,  and 
Christiana  Cassan,  bom  March  1«,  174S, 
who  died  Oct.  1814,  the  wife  of  James  Price, 
of  Westfield,  Queen's  Coonty,  Esq.,  bv  whom 
she  had,  among  other  issoa,  Edward  Priee, 
Archdeacon  of  Killaloa,  who  married  Ri- 
charda,  daughter  of  Richard  Aooetiey,  Esq. 
and  niece  of  the   first  Marquess  of  Ely. 
Matthew  had  married  firstly,  Anne,  ^bmghter 
of  Jonathan  Baldwin,   of  Cool-Kerry  nod 
Summer-Hill,  Queen's  County,  Esq.  tad 
had  issue  Stephen  Casian,  High  Sheriff  of 
Queen's  County,  in  1763,  who  carried  on 
the  elder  line  of  this  ancient  and  hononrable 
fcmily  (set  p.  188  of  our  last  Febmary  Ma- 
gazine), Richard  Sheffield  Cassan,  who  mar- 
ried  Isabella,   daughter  of  Alexander  Ha- 
milton of  Knock,  CO.  Dublin,  Esq.  M.P. 
for  Bel£ut  from  1789  to  1760,  and  sbter 
to  George  Hamilton,  Baron  of  the  Exche- 
quer in  Ireland  firom  1766  to  1784 ;  and  to 
Hugh  Hamilton,  who  died  Lord  B^hop  of 
Ossory  iu  1805. 

The  divine,  whose  decease  wa  now  record, 
will  be  long  remembered  as  a  generoas 
open-hearted  man;  an  eMmpUnr  parish 
priest,  and  a  friend  to  the  poor.  He  was  of 
Trinity  College,  Dnblin,  fi.A.  1766;  and 
married  1799,  Jane,  daaghttr  of  Captain 
Ellesmere  of  the  66th  reg&int,  fay  his  wifb 
Elizabeth  Scottowe,  iistnr  to  Cfatherine, 
wife  of  Paul  Colombine,  D.D.  of  Norwich, 
and  niece  of  Eliaabtth  Scottowe,  tacoad  wife 
of  Thomas  Tanner,  D.D.  Lord  Bishop  of 
Norwich.  By  this  lady,  who  survives  him, 
he  has  led  issue,  Joseph,  formeriy  of  Trin. 
Colh  Dublin,  horn  1801;  Edwaid,  Lint. 
in  the  S5th  regt.  |  and  another  so*. 

*  Joseph  Sheffield  had  a  grant  of  Cap- 
poly  and  other  extensive  estates  in  Qn.  Co. 
in  1679,  19  Car.  H.  See  the  15th  Report 
of  the  Commbsioners  respecting  the  Public 
Records  of  Ireland,  printed  by  ordar  of  the 
House  of  Commons^  p.  108« 


IflSO.] 


OiiTUAftT.— C^^  Dtcm»U* 


M9 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

Tilt  Very  Rcr.  TKomoi  J.  But^^  M^. 
Dtaa  of  Cluvnc. 

At  Etwsll.  oMr  Dtffby,  tlw  lUr.  L.  D. 

//niry  Cakbmie,  Vicir  of  that  ptrith,  R»«- 
tor  of  Nurton-ia«HBln,  Salop,  aad  Do- 
iDMtlc  Chtptaia  to  tHe  Dalrt  of  Smtes.  Ho 
w»  of  Enaa.  collm,  Camb.  LL.B.  1 001  ; 
■od  was  prefentod  to  both  hU  liviogt  in 

178tf.  ^     „ 

At  Everton  Tteara}»Y,  HunU,  tht  Rot. 
CharUt  Augusiui  Owarris,  MA.  of  Ema. 

coll.  Camb. 

Tht  R«v.  JbAn  GnffUh,  Vkarof  St.  Iih- 
naart,  Olamorgaothiro. 

Agfd  7S,  tilt  R«».  Thamtts  Humphriei, 
formerly  for  many  yrara  Perpetoal  Carate 
of  Sawicy,  Dcrbyahire.  Hu  m%%  of  Christ 
church,  Oxf.j  M.A.  1784.  He  miblrfhed 
10  IBll,  "The  Prebendary  and  Curate, 
being  an  impaitial  eipmition  of  the  atate  of 
parochial  afhiirt  io  Sawley,Wilne,  tod  Loag 
Eatoa,  Derby thi re,"  «»o. 

The  fUr,  iranrick  Young  ChnrchiU  Hunt, 
D.D.  Vicar  of  Bickleigh  aad  Taroertoa  Fo- 
liott,  Devon.  He  wai  of  Exeter  college, 
Cat  J  M.A.  180S  ;  B.  and  D.D.  18«»;  waa 

C •tented  to  Bickleigh  in  1 8 1 1  by  Sh*  M.  M . 
pas,  Bart,  and  to  Tamertoa  Foliott  in 
1889  by  the  Lord  Chaocollnr. 

At  Cork,  the  Rev.  Alexander  Ktnnedy, 
M.A.  for  more  than  fwty-three  yeare  Ca- 
rate of  the  parish  of  the  Holy  Triaity  in 

that  city. 

The  Rev.  M  itfiam  M'Guire,  ChapUia  to 
the  Liverpool  workhouBO. 

The  Ref.  Edmund  Bmren  May,  formerly 
of  Worcester  college,  Oxford. 

The  Rev.  Giwjr  Sugeni,  Rector  of  By- 
frove,  Hertt.  He  wai  of  Mertoo  college, 
Oxf.  M.A.  1774,  aad  wai  preieated  to  By- 
grove  ia  1 781  by  tht  late  Manjuii  of  Salii- 

At  Ballyugh,  co.  Cavao,  tfed  8t,  the 
Rev.  James  Pottoek,  for  fifkyfoar  yean  a 
Curate  in  the  diooeaaof  Kllmore. 

At  I^rocombe  Vale,  near  Bath,  aged  85, 
the  Rer.  T,  Sirett,  tar  thirty-five  yoara 
Curau  of  Lyacombo  aad  Wide<mibe. 

The  Rev.  fruiiam  Tindall,  Maaur  of  the 
FretOramn»r-tchool,Wohr«rbamptoB.  He 
was  of  Uaiv.  coll.  Oif.  M.A.  1 787,  waa  w- 
pointed  Uthtr  of  WolvorhftmptOB  tchool  ia 
1785,  and  Matter  io  1799. 

Aged  84,  the  Rer.  H^Uktm  Trivtttt  Rw- 
tor  (if  Penhunt  with  Aihbumham,  Viear  of 
ArlinetuB  and  Williiwdoo,  Suites.  He 
wat  of  Chritt  church,  Oxfocd,  M.A.  1770; 
«»aa  prtflcnted  to  Arlington  in  1787  by  the 
Prebendary  of  Woodhorat  4a  tbo  church  of 
Chichetter,  to  WiHngdaa  In  tht  aant  year 
by  tht  Dean  and  ChaJMor  oTChicheattr,  to 
l^nhont  and  Aihburabaife*  b  IBIO,  fay  tiM 

ObiiT.  Mag.  Jume^  183a 

1^2 


^ 


fa*  tha  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Cantethniy 
Mu  Trivctt  waa  fiar  aotta  yt«i  Mtalar  of 

Lewiahan  Granmar  SohooL  Uia  aos*  the 
Rev.  WiUiam  Trivet^  of  Tria.  oolL  CMh. 
u  Rector  of  Bradvoll  ia  Saffolk. 

At  ^Iadraa,  tha  Rev.  A.  Wkhler^  ttalor 
MiaUter  of  St.  Aadrtw't,  aod  Cliafitis  on 
tht  Compaay**  Madraa  KitoMtA— t. 

At  Goodrich,  Htrrf.  a|^  85,  lliaiUr. 
HiBry  frUliam$^  Vioar  of  that  ptaAih.  Ho 
vai  of  Sidaey  coll.  Camb.  M.A.  1781,  and 
waa  prcttnted  to  Goodrich  in  1784.  by  Lord 
Jamea  Beauclerk,  then  BiabopW  HaitlM. 

The  Rev.  Tkmoi  HingiUd,  Vicar  of  te- 
pIefi»Rl»  Leic.  aod  RcOor  of  Toigh  aad 
Ticktocole,  Rutlaod.  He  wm  of  St.  Jobn'a 
coll.  Camb.  B.A.  1791,  M.A.  I784»  «aa 
itrckented  to  TickeneoU  io  1 793  by  Joha 
iViogfielJ,  Etq.  aod  to  ScapUford  and  Teigh 
in  1816  by  the  Karl  of  Harborougb> 

Xw. ...  Ac  Chiaiurah,  Btngalt  thaRtv. 
Andrew  F.  Belcher,  formerly  Curait  of 
Ampthill.  Beds,  aoa  of  Aadrtir  Balobtr, 
Eao.  of  Rochamptna. 

bte,  3i).  Tlie  Very  Rev.  Sanuul  Shde, 
D.D.  Dean  of  Chichetter,  Rector  of  Hatt- 
field,  Suttex,  aad  Vicar  of  Suverton,  North- 
amptooihiie.  He  wat  educated  at  W«M- 
mintter,  wliere  he  waa  adaritttd  Kiag'a 
ichokr  io  1784,  aad  elected  to  Chrbt- 
church,  Oxford,  in  1789;  be  proceeded 
M.A.  1785,  B.  and  D.D.  18  .  Howm 
preteated  to  Suverton  by  hit  coHege  ia 
1815 :  to  Hartfield  hy  Lord  Whitvorth,  £ie. 
ia  18171  aod  to  his  Dttatry  by  tht  Crown 
in  1884. 

Dee.  SO.  At  Tilbrook  lactory,  Btda. 
aged  57,  the  Rev.  Nelaon  Kerr,  Reotor  of 
tfiat  place.  He  wm  of  St.  iobn't  colL  Oat 
B.C.L.  1709,  and  wat  preaented  to  hit  living 
by  hit  fatlier  in  1807.  He  married  a  tiater 
of  the  Rev.  Daniel  Crofit,  Rector  of  Shal- 
ton,  Btda.  who  it  \eh  hia  widow,  witlMrt 
childrao. 

Jan,  5.  At  Oakely,  Salop,  tht  Rav. 
Herbert  Oakeiey,  D.D.  Prtbendarv  of  Wor- 
cet ter,  and  Rector  of  Lydham,  Slkropibiat. 
Dr.  O^keley  wat  tha  repretcotativa  of  the 
elder  line  of  that  aacient  family*  a  braaoh 
of  which  waa  raited  to  a  Baronetcy  ia  1790, 
ia  the  perton  of  Sir  Charlet  Oahetey,  Go- 
vernor of  Madrat ;  and  which  honour,  hf 
the  death  of  the  aecoad  Sir  Charlet,. (of 
whom  we  gave  a  memoir  in  our  anmber  lar 
laat  August,  p.  176)  haa  rcoently  devolve^ 
— and  nit  widow  haviag  given  birth  >n  a 
daoghter,  (tae  our  Feb.  number,  i^''.^^  ^ 
now  attumad  by  him,— on. tha  llav.8ir  Her* 
bert  Oakelcy,  Prebtadaiy  of  Si.  Paul*!  awl 
Lichfitld,  and  Vicar  of  Earing,  MidiletaB. 
The  two  oleigymeo  and  prebeadariet,  baaip 
ing  the  name  of  Herbert  OJceley,  wart  tliini 
cotttiaa.  Dr.  Oakelcy  waa  ton  of  JtAm 
Oaktity,  Etu.  and  grandwin  of  Uit  Bm. 
Htrbtrt  Oakaltj,  who  alto  litld  iha  i^^teV 
d  I^dhMB»  M^pallMr  with  tte  vj«mf8  m 


570 


Obituaht.— C/fr^y  Deceased. 


[Jdtte, 


Lydhuryy  ami  who  wm  sod  of  Richard  Oake* 
ley,  Em].  Sheriff  of  Salop  in  17S4,  by  Mar- 
garet, daughter  of  Sir  Herbert  Croft,  the 
first  Barooei  of  Croft  Caftle.    Dr.  Oakeley 
was  of  Oriel  college,  Oaford,  MA.  1 803 ; 
B.  and  D J>.  1 828  ;  hie  was  inttitoted  to 
Lydbaa  on  hb  own  presentation  in  1819, 
andcollated  ton  Prebend  of  Hereford  bjBp.   . 
Conewall  in  1817.    He  married  Nov.  89, 
1804,  Miss  Catberhie  Bolland,  of  Clapham. 
Jan.  e.   Aged  76,  die  Rev.  LasceUa  Ire- 
monger,  Vicar  of  Go6dworth  Clatfurd  and 
KevU,  Hanta,  and  Wanborough,  Wilts,  and 
Prebendary  of  Winchester ;  brother-b-law  to 
Admiral  Liord  Gambler.    He  was  of  Merton 
odl.  Oaf.  M.A.    1777;   was  presented  to 
Goodworth  Clatford  in  1 789  by  Joshua  Ire- 
monger,  Esq.  to  a  Prebend  of  Winchester 
in  1797  by  Bishop  North,  to  the  vicarage 
of  Kevil  in  1801  by  the  Dean  and  Cliapter 
to  Wioton,  to  that  of  Wherwell  by  the  pre- 
sent Col.  Iremonger  in  1819,  and  to  Wan- 
borough  in  1898.    Mr.  Iremonger  was  twice 
married;  secondly,  Oct.  96,  1799,  to  Har- 
riet, third  daughter  of  John  Gambier,  Esq. 
Two  of  his  daughters  were  married;  Ca- 
therine, in  1805,   to  Walter  Jones,  Esq. 
M.P.  for  Coleraice ;  and  Georgiana- Henri- 
etta-Maria, in  1894,  to  Sir  Wm.  Chatterton, 
of  Castle  Mahon,  co.  Cork,  Bart.     Mr.  Ire- 
monger had  been  paying  a  visit  to  his  rela- 
tive. Col.  Iremonger,  at  Wherwell,  when  he 
was  taken  ill  on  his  walk  home,  and  his  body 
was  found  on  the  baoV  by  the  road  side.   In 
all  the  various  relations  of  social  life,  Mr. 
Iremonger  was  exenoiplary;  in  his  manuers 
he  was  peculiarly  simple,  frank,  open,  and 
sincere.     He  gave  much  alms  without  os- 
tentation, and  the  last  act  of  his  life,  per- 
formed only  a  few  moments  before  his  dis- 
solution, was  au  act  of  charity  to  a  poor 
neighbour.     His  remains  were  interretl  in 
the  family  vault  at  Wherwell. 

Jan.  6,  Aged  74,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Tan- 
ner, Rector  of  Holy  Trinity,  Colchester, 
and  Vicar  .of  Sampfbra  Brett,  Somerset.  He 
was  formerly  Fellow  of  Balliol  college,  Ox- 
fcrd,  where  he  took  the  degree  of  M.A.  in 
1780,  And  by  which  society  he  was  pre- 
sented to  the  rectory  in  Colchester,  in 
1785.  To  his  Somersetshire  iiving  he  was 
presented  by  hts  family. 

Jan,  IS.  At  Bombam,  NotfoHc,  Jiged 
87,  the  Rev.  Jdkn  ^^Uute,  Rector  of  Pen- 
•oqibcy  Heref.  for  the  extraordinary  period 
'  pf  aiKty-three  years,  and  for  many  years  an 
aotive  magtstrate  for  that  county  i  and  for- 
jneily  Rector  of  BurntMn.  He  married, 
4an.  <S»  1805,  Anna  Maria,  third  dau,  of 
Sit  Mordaont  Martin,  the  Iburth  Baronet, 
and  was  seated,  apparently  in  perfect  health, 
at  the  dinner  table  of  his  nephew.  Sir  Ro- 
ger Martin,  surrounded  1)y  ten  near  rela- 
tives, when  he  was  seized  with  a  slight  de- 
cree of  ehoaking,  but  %vas  able  to  walk  with 
ftaislance  into  an  adjoining  foom,  4rhere 


he  immediately  expired,  without  the  least 
visible  struggle* 

Jan.  16.  At  Boulogne-sar-mer,  aged  86, 
the  Rev.  CImrUt  miUam  SL  John  MiUmay, 
M.A.  Rector  of  Shorwell  and  MottisUm  in 
the  Isle  of  Wigh^  and  FeUow  of  Martoii 
college,  Oxford;  brother  to  Sir  Henry 
Carew  St.  John  Mildmay,  of  Moulsham 
Hallj  Bart.,  to  the  Coontesi  of  Radnor, 
and  the  Viacounteas  Bolingbroke  and  St. 
John.  He  was  the  fourth  son  of  Sir  Heary- 
Paulet  St.  John,  the  third  and  late  Baronet, 
by  Jane,  eldest  dan.  and  coh.  of  Cnrew 
Mildmav,  Esq.,  and  was  prestnted  to  hb 
livings  by  his  mother,  in  1 894. 

Jan,  95.  In  Jersey,the  IR^.  Bright  Gkner^ 
last  surviving  son  of  the  laU  Rev.  Richard 
G.  of  Ilford,  Essex.  He  was  of  Peterhouse, 
Camb.  BA.  1814,  M.A.  1817. 

Jan,^.  At  his  lodsnngs  in  Christ  Church, 
Oxford,  aged  70,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Hav,DJ). 
Canon  of  Christ  Church,  Rector  of  Bolton, 
Suffolk,  and  of  North  Repps,  Norfolk.    Dr. 
Hay  was  educated  at  Westminster  Schiool, 
where  he  was  admitted  King*s  Sehokr  in 
1779,  and  elected  student  of  Christ  Church 
in  1 776.    He  took  the  degree  of  M.A.  la 
1788,  was  appointed  Chaplain  to  the  House 
of  Commons  in    1790,   Canon  of  Christ 
Church  1795,  and  then  prooeeded  B.   & 
D.D.;    was  presented  to  the  vicarase  of 
Walsharo,  Norfolk,  by  Dr.  Begot,  Bp.  of 
Norwich ;  to  the  Rectory  of  Bolton  bv  the 
same  patron  in  1790,  and  to  that  of  North 
Repps  k^  the.Rt.  Hon.  Charles  Bathurst,  as 
Chancellor  of  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster,  ia 
1813. 

At  Tarbolton  Manse,  fyUUam  RUchie, 
D.D.  Professor  of  Divmitv  in  the  University 
of  Edinburgh,  and  Minister  of  the  High 
Church  in  Mat  city. 

Jan.  81.  In  Bath,  the  Rev.  Edward 
Graves  Metfrick,  D.D.  Reotor  of  Winoh- 
field,  Hants  ,  Vicar  of  Ramsbury,  Wilta., 
and  ChapUin  to  the  Duke  of  Somerset.  He 
took  the  degree  of  M.A.  as  of  St.  Mary 
hall,  Oxford,  in  1801,  and  haflns  become 
a  member  of  Queen's,  prooeeded  B.  &  D.D. 
1814.  He  was  presented  to  Rnmsbunf  in 
1811  by  Lord  Chancellor  Eldon,  and  to 
Winchfield  in  1890  by  the  Hon.  H.  F.  St. 
John. 

Fa.  A.  Ami  79»  lb«  Rev.  WWiam 
.Owen,  Viear  utAhamUjt  «o-  Hereferd,  and 
Reetor  of  Ryme  Intrioseea,  withb  the  pe- 
culiar of  Sherbofne,  Dorset.  He  wee 
nresetHed  to  the  former  benefice  ia  l$lfi» 
fay  tfafrJfahop  of  Hereford;  and  to  the 
latter  in  18«3  by  the  King  aa  Prinoe  of 
Wales 

The  Rev.  Edward  John  mngfieU,  of 
Christ  Church,  Oxford,  voungest  son  of  dm 
Rev.  John  Wingfield,  M.A.  of  Shrewsbnrj. 
Feb.  19.  At  Upton,  aged  98,  the  Rev. 
mUmm  ChrittojAer  Burton,  Cnnle  of  N»U- 
stone,  ~ 


183a] 


OaiTVAlT. 


071 


Mcnk  «.  At  Albuy,  Ntw  Yiwfc,  Om 
Rev.  John  SMm,  MS  of  Mr.  Stijcnt  S. 

ITordk  a.  At  Triaity  ColWf(e,  Cmh- 
bridft,  ^ffd  7«,  tiM  lUir.  Jo**  Hemrjf  Re- 
iMMr<  Vk«-Mwltr  of  tbu  SocMty,  bwI 
Rector  of  Orwell,  C«mbrid^htf«.  Ht 
proecwM  B^.  1781,  MA  17Mi  %nd 
«M  prcMBtcd  to  Orwell  by  die  Colltgt  w 

U17.  .     . 

March  1JI.  Aged  61.  the  IU».  Richard 
Staneyt  Oficid  eiui  Mionter  of  Penkrklffe, 
Suff.  sod  Rector  of  Kcroberum,  with  Sirt- 
ton  Medaock,  Salop.  He  »m  of  Pe«b. 
eoll.  Oif.,  end  ettaiocd  the  degree  of  M.A. 
IB  1793.  He  mm  pmeBlea  to  Penkrid^ 
by  Lord  Lytteltoo*  end  to  Kcmberton  m 
1786  by  Prter  Broegbtoo,  Esq. 


DEATHS. 
Umoov  AMD  ITS  Vicmmr. 

Jen.  t7.  Al  hie  house  ia  St.  Jeaei'a 
f elaee.  esed  87,  Frederick  Aogwte  BerMrd, 
Em|.  F.R.S.  end  S.A.  Librwiu  to  King 
George  the  Third,  Priocipel  LibiBriea  eiMi 
Keeper  »f  the  Medelt,  Drewiogt,  lie.  at 
Bucriogham  PaUce.  He  vm  oreiviMd  to 
be  A  BetarBl  aoa  of  Frederick  FrUce  of 
Wake. 

3/ay  I .  To  Mile-End  road,  aged  86,  G. 
Vaoghan,  eiq.  a  gentlemao  poitetaed  of  ona- 
•iderable  fflecliaoical  iogcoeity.  He  ahot 
himaelf  in  a  fit  of  irriution  produced  by  the 
failure  of  an  engine,  in  the  eoostructioo  of 
which  lie  had  been  for  lome  yean  engaged. 
Verdict  (>f  the  Coronet '■  Jury*  **  Suicide, 
rommitted  while  insane.'* 

JIfey  6.  At  the  house  of  Giarles  Gillaod, 
esq.  ia  Nortoa-st.  in  his  9 lit  year,  Gesar- 
Arthur,  Lieut.  8th  Bombay  N.  I.,  youngest 
SOB  of  S.  Hawkins,  esq. 

ilfev  7.  At  Highgate,  aged  68,  Mary, 
wife  of  Wm.  Belcher,  esq. 

Matf  1 9.  In  Burton -cr.  hi  her  50th  yrari 
Mary,  wife  of  Robert  Hardy,  of  Teadriag- 
Hall,  Eases. 

jlfoy  «o.  CapC.  R.  B.  T.  SattoB»  R.  N. 
brother  of  the  lau  Sir  Cba.  Suttoa,  K.CB. 

May  99.  In  Hill-str.  the  Right  Hon. 
Elisabeth  Lady  Amherst.  She  was  a  dau. 
of  Gea.  the  Hon.  George  Cary,  by  IsabelU, 
daa.  of  Arthur  Ingram,  esq.s  became  the 
aecnad  wife  nf  Field  Marshal  Jeffrey  first 
Lord  Amherst,  March  «6,  1767,  aad  was 
left  his  widow,  Aug.  S.  1797. 

Jfey  18.  At  IsiiogtoB,  aged  54,  Hubert 
Fox,  esq.  lateofDemeraia. 

At  NewiagtoB,  Surrey,  aged  64,  Thoaaa 
Waite  MarsoB,  eeq. 

Jlay  89.  Ia  Gmavtaar-iq.  aged  tea 
»oatfaf»  WUliM  Hmry»  thifd  aoa  of  Earl 
Cawder. 

ifav  ao.  Ia  Jermya-et.  Joeaaa  Miffk, 
daa.  of  late  Christopher  Robert  Wraa,  eaa. 
iff  Wrmhall  Abbey,  eo.  Warwick. 


At  her  BMihv^a,  MaaeheaUr  si  mU  46, 
Sophia  H.  M.  eMest  aarviviag  dbui.  of  tba 
late  Sir  Robert  Syage,  Bart. 

Afay  81.  At  Camberwell  NewHraad,  T. 
Grayson,  esq.  Uu  of  tlie  6fid  Reg. 

Lelr/y.  Aged  83,  Letitia,  wifc  of  Joha 
Dtmnc,  esq.  of  Powis- place,  only  chUd  ef 
Jnha  Edwards,  esq.  of  Hamptoa  Hall.  Shrop- 
shire. She  was  interred  on  the  7tli  of  Ajiril 
lest,  ia  the  burial  ground  of  St.  George  the 
Martyr,  doac  t<>  the  ronnument  tt(  Robert 
Nelstin,  author  of  the  *•  Faau  and  Festiwala." 

la  Portugal-st.  Gros«eanr-sq.,  aged  78, 
Thomas  Milles,  esq.  D.CX.  seaWir  Fellow 
of  All  Souls*  Oillsjie.  Oxford,  Kiag'a  Coaa- 
sel,  and  oae  of  the  Beachera  of  the  Hoa. 
Soe'iety  of  Liacola'a  Ion.  Dr.  MiUea  aae 
first  of  Qneea'a  C«lle«,  aad  look  hu  demt 
of  M.A.  1776t  B.C1..  1778;  aad  O.CXi 
graad  eompovader,  1 790. 

Ia  Leoaard-st.  Fiaabary-sq.  aged  8A»  SR- 
labeth,  reliet  of  Eyiea  Mooaeher,  ee&  BJI. 

Major  Heary  Kuhlmaaa,  Cfi.  hptf^piv 
Royal  Art.  Qermaa  Lagioa,  ia  which  be  waa 
aapoiated  CapCaaa  1004,  brevet  M^  1814. 
He  aenred  ia  Pleaders,  aod  at  Watariaow 

Maior  Darid  Gregory,  half-paj  let  Oar- 
risoabatt.  He  was  appoiBled  ueat.45th 
foot,  1798;  Capt.  York  light  lat  1804; 
45th  foot  1805  p  1st.  GarrisoB  batt.  1810 ; 
Brevet  M^or  1814. 

June  9.  Eliia,(hirddau.ofP.W.Tba- 
oias,  esq.  of  Highbury -grove. 

June  4.  At  Keosiygton,  Saiab,  inft  of 
the  Rev.  J.  H.  Hewlett. 

June  7.  In  Baker  st.  Mrs.  PoynU  Riek- 
etts,  aunt  to  the  late  Earl  of  Liverpool. 

Id  Regent-street,Charlotte-Becklbrd,wifc 
of  John  Carboanell,  esu. 

June  8.  la  Cavendisli-sq.  aged  39,  Licot. 
Cd.  George  Marlay,  C.B.,  oa  tlie  half-paj 
14th  foot  He  waa  appolaced  Capiaw  hi 
the  army  1 803,  of  the  td  Garrisoa  batla- 
lioa  1805  I  of  tlie  14th  fcoft  1810|  kneel 
Major  1813,  aod  lJeut.-CoL  1017.  He 
served  ia  Soaia  and  PortUfal ;  was  ia  I80i 
appointed  Aide-de-Camp  to  Lieab-Ges.  Sir 
£.  Pbgett  ia  1818,  Deputy  Asaiataat  Ad- 
Jutant-general ;  and  ia  1813  Asstataat  Ad» 
jutaat-gtneraJ.  He  reorived  a  croaa  for  tha 
battles  of  Nivelle,  Nive,  Orthea,  aad  Toa- 
hwse ;  served  subaequently  ia  Flaaden^  aad 
a  Waterloo. 

At  Camberwell,  aged  79,  Beat.  Jolfifb, 
M.D.  • 

June  If.  In  Tpper  York-et.  aged  86» 
Elisabeth,  reliet  of  Joseph  Bradley,  eeq. 

In  I)orset-st.  Portmaa-sq.  aged  86»  Gi- 
theriae,  relict  ef  Charlea  Fl^ar,  esq.  «f 
Portlaad-pkMe. 

June  15.    Ia  her  14th  year,  C^lemt, 

78,  AnUbaU  fh88v- 

Jaae  18.  Ia  Pertlaad-phMy  iged  7i» 
Heary  Browae,  esq. 


S74 


Obivuary. 


.   BtRSt.— JIfirv  98.    At  Bceeh-hill,  near 
Rwdio^,  Mn.  Hiiiiter. 

June  3.  At  Bufghfield,  near  Reading, 
aged  75,  Mn.  Lalntoo^  motber  of  Messrs. 
Ltinsonsi  of  Breed-street. 

June  3.  Aged  95,  R.  Cummins,  esq.  of 
F)  field. 

Cambridoe. — May  9«.  Frederick  Mai- 
Vio,  esq.  M.A.  FeHow  of  Trin.  Coll.  Cambr. 

Cheshike. — May  «8.  At  Altringbam, 
Wm.  Harle  Nichols,  M.D.,  manj  tears  a 
residene  of  Whitby,  Yorkshire. 

CuMBERLASo. — May  19.  At  St.  Bees, 
aged  84,  Mr.  Jolni  Richardson,  brother  to 
Rer.  James  Richerdson  of  York. 

Dk VOM .  — May  21.  At  Stonehous^,  aged 
79,  Sophia  Ann,  widow  of  Rev.  Charles 
Le  Grice,  Rector  of  Wickhampton  in  Nor- 
fiilk,and  of  Thwalfcc  in  Suffolk,  and  Lecturer 
of  St.  James's,  Bury  St.  Edmunds,  wbpm 
siie  Iwd  survived  36  years. 

May  94.  At  Teignmouth,  Wm.  Haitis, 
ttq.  late  of  Cheltenham. 

<fifiK  4.  At  Thomas  Kevill's,  esq.  Rans- 
conbe,  aged  55,  Thomas  Lovten,  esq.  of 
Lanadowne-pl.  Brunswick-sq.  and  Manlej, 
co%  Chester. 

Dorsetshire.  —  Lately,  At  Weyraonthy 
Charles  Mogg,  M.D. 
■  May  98.  At  Weymouth,  John  Murray^ 
esq.  IVf.  D.  of  Blackbrook,  near  Taunton, 
and  late  of  Philphaugh  Hall,  near  Selkirk; 

May^\,  At  Lulworth,  aged  90,  Susan- 
nah, third  dau.  of  Capt.  Crispin,  R.N.  in 
consequence  of  grief  caused  by  the  loss  of 
her  sister  a  short  time  since. 

June  1 0.  At  Weymouth,  aged  69,  Wm. 
Henry  Hamilton,  esq. 

Essex. — May  97.  Aged  79,  Ann,  relict 
of  the  Rev.  Isaac  Taylor,  of  Ongar  (of  whom 
we  ^ve  a  memoir  in  our  Apru  Magazine). 
SUie  was  sister  to  the  Rev.  James  Hlntoo, 
of  Oxford. 

May  98.  At  Rouferd,  aged  83,  Wasey 
Storry,  esq. 

Juno  1 5.      Aged  SO,  Robert  Burcfaall, 
esq.  of  Walthamstow. 
-  Oi^ucESTERSHiRE. — May  91.     At  Bris- 
tol, aged  80,  Francis  Gold,  esq. 

May  99.  At  CKfton,  the  relict  of  John 
Fletcher,  esq.  of  Ebworth  Park. 

May  96.  Mr.  J.  S.  Mdller,  Curator  of 
the  Bristol  Institution.  He  was  well  known 
and  highly  esteemed  as  a  nan  of  sdence, 
nut  only  in  that  city  and  neighbourhood, 
bnt  in  other  parts  of  the  world.  He  filled 
the  office  of  Curator  of  the  Institution  m 
Park-street  -from  its  commencement ;  mnd 
possessed  distinguished  talent  and  acquire- 
ments in  various  branches  of  ni|tural  htktoiy. 

May  97.  Aged  58,  Henrletu,  wrfe  of 
Mr.  Samuel  Gwen,  of  Bristol,  sistar  to 
Theophilus  Jones  Smith,  esq.  of  Oporto. 

•Ame  5.  Mary  Ann,  taeond  dan.  of  Tho- 
mas Pexton  Peterson,  fiq.  MangotsfieM 
Htnsew 


[June, 

June  S.  AtCbeltoaUtm/agad  00,  J<ne» 
wife  of  the  Hon.  and  Rov.  C&tfles  Stoiw* 
w8ys,{of  Maiden  N«wCon,-Dors«Uhira.  Sho 
was  a  dan.  of  the  Rev.  Th,  Haions,  vaa  aw* 
ried  in  1787,  and  has  left  alx  aoBiaBd  two 
daughters. 

Hants. — April  6,  At  his.  mother'a  hoiii« 
at  Fareham,  deeply  lamented  by  all  who 
knew  him,  aged  43,  Lieut. -Colonel  Philip* 
John  Stanhope,  first  coo^  onee  removed, 
and  next  presumptive  heir,  to  the'  Earl  of 
Chesterfield.  He  was  the  eldest  of  th* 
three  sons  of  Rcar-Adm.  John  Stanhope, 
who  died  in  1800,  by  Mary,  daughter  of 
-^—  Pbili|is,  esq.  He  waa  appointed  Cap- 
tain in  the  Army  1819;  in  the  60th  AxK, 
1813;  brevet  Major  1818}  Lt/-CoKl«99. 

June  1.  At  Kimpton,  aged  57,  Mary, 
wife  of  Dr.  Poore,  or  LittTeton. 

June  6,  Aged  65,  Manr  Pavne,  wife  of 
Mr.  Alderman  Barnes,  of  Winchester. 

At  Su  Cboh,  Wm.  Simmondto,  wtk{. 

June  7.  At  Vicar's  Hill,.aged  68,  Phai^ 
lotte,  wifr  of  John  Pcyto  Shrobb,  es^  'of 
Guildford. 

June  19.  At  Southampton,  age'd  t9» 
the  wile  of  the  R«v.  R.  Bracken,  leaving  aa 
InhAt  dau. 

June  19.  In  Winohester,  the  nCct  of 
the  Rev.  Joseph  WlHiaJEns,  fbrmer[j  of 
Wickwac,  Glouc.  and  Aotbar  of  the  Rffv. 
W.  T.  WiHIams,  chaplain  of  St.  Cftm. 

HBRT8.--Jt0ie  IS.  Aged  74,.  at  Hert- 
ingfordbunr,'  Franoet,  leliet  of  the  Rev. 
Henry  Ridley,  I^.D.  fbrmerljr  rector. 

June  17.  At  Temple  Dmslej,  aged  84> 
Henry  Crabb,  esq. 

June  1 8.  At^.  AIban*a,  aged  76,  Mn. 
Elixabeth  Baskerfield. 

Kent. — May  93.  At  BrooUaod  Vloinge» 
Susannah,  wUc  of  the  Ren  John  &utow. 

May  97.  At  Blackheath,  i^  94,  Robt. 
Sowerby,  es^. 

May  30.  At  Ridley,  aged  .96,  Miarioa- 
Norton,  daughter  of  J.  JnoclMrd,  esq.  of 
Taonton,  wiR  of  Rev.  John  Francie  Cole. 

Afay  81 .  At  his  fiither's,  New  Romney, 
John  Derinj;;  Walkcir,  ^.,  Assistant-Ssr- 
gepn  d8d  regiment. 

June  10.  At  Chatham,  Charles  Giier, 
esq.,  AssHtant-Surgeon  -to  the  Forces. 

JLAKCmtR. — May  99.  In  bis  95th  vefr^ 
in  conseonence  of  a  &11  from  a  cainaflB, 
Charles  Walinesley,  jun.  eaq.  eldest  aon  tk 
Chas.  Waloietlpy,  esq.  of  Westwood-bonae. 

LiNCOLNiHiRE. — May  93.  At  Bljb»- 
roush-ball,  aged  75,  Peter  John  LAiard,«sq. 

June  9.  At  Lincoln,  aged  79,  Mitf  Em- 
son,  dau.  of  Rd.  Ellison,  esq.  of  Thqtney 

June  8.  At  Scotton  Rectory,  Fraayii^ir(fc 
of  the  Rev.  R.  Empsom. 

June  3.  hfr.  Richard  RjkI^  of  £ia- 
coin,  member  of  the  Royal  OilAjgt  of 
Surgeons. 

9a.    At    Snnfctanr^ 
-  Cfq.'ofHaUi%^ 


Ml  DDL  W^-* 

Jane,wi^owfn  J 


•  BeydeU, 


lasa] 


Obitvakt. 


fi99  M.    AiEMi  AaloB,  P.  A.  Owfj, 

Mq.  Into  of  Um  (MMDe*-ofic«. 

JhikS.  AtJMttoa»a0td77,OubtiiM, 
wi4o»  of  GvMgt  KidJ,  0M|.  of  Sootbrnvky 
MfcbHit,  uMT  to  Ay.  Sir  CImtUo  Fbwor, 
Bart. 

NoftfOLK— JTiiy  f  8.  At  CoMey-MI, 
tbo  teat  of  btr  MS-iinkv  Lord  Staffordy 
uwl  ti,  Um  raliot  of  EdvAid  Suljudo,  cm|. 
of  H«ug}il«3r*|Mtfk,  Soiblk. 

North  AMrioiisHiRt.—Jiin«   11.     A^ 

69,  Mwy-Eliia,  relict  of  Gcome  Vmder 

Nt«ib«rg,  of  St.  Mart'iD't  Stamford  Baroa. 

Nom«--Viiitf  8.     At  Nawarky  ag«d  80, 

Add,  widow  of  Win.  Haadley,  atq. 

<^UMf.— Al«yl9-  AtHtolay-oD-ThaniM, 
in  her  80tb  year,  Mary,  ralict  of  John  Well- 
ford,  «M|.  of  Blackheatb. 

May  t7.  At  the  Wardtn't,  Merton  Col- 
kffo,  tha  Mlict  of  Majof43«B.  Dawnr,  of 
€nlatoiM»  Fifdahire. 

SALOP.r-%/Mie  ^  At  Walcot,  In  her  7«d 
jmx^  tha  Right  Hon.  Hanrietta  Antonk 
<;nmmtf  of  Fovb.  Sh«  imt  tha  4th,  hot 
nnly  siiniving  daogbtar  of  Henry-Arthvr 
Lard  Nerbart  of  Charbury,  etcated  EatI 
Powit  in  1748,  by  Batbara  Htfbert,  niect 
and  hcirait  of  Wiinam,  tha  third  tad  laat 
mni^ia  of  Powis ;  and  hniriaa  to  bar  bro- 
thar  Gaorgn  tha  laat  Earl  of  Pnvis  of  tha 
Hcrbtrtfomily,  vbodladin  1801.  She  waa 
married  to  Lord  Clira  May  7,  1784|  aadbe 
wat  created  Earl  of  Powia  in  1804.  Sha  had 
iwaa  two  M»a  aad  iaw  dapghtwa  7  I.  Ed- 
ward Viscount  Clive,  M.P. -..9.  HearieUa- 
Antonia,  wife  of  Sir  W.  W.  Wynn,  Bart. 
M.P.  I  8.  Robert  Henry  dift,  aMj.  M.P. ; 
aad  4.  Oiarlocte-FloraDtin  Duahav  of 
Northamberknd.  The  Coaoteae'e  rcBMina 
ware  iateieod  at  RronB6eld. 

SoMuHBT.— Jl#<w  «5.  At  Bntb,  Eliia- 
beth  Jane,  wifo  of  Jaotee  W«p«hare,  atq.  of 
Lybum  Cottan,  Hanta. 

JuneT.  At  Bath,  Sarab-Eliabetb>  widow 
of  Rev.  Wm.  Batchcllor. 

Lately,  At  Bniion,  aged  80,  Faany-Mar- 
garet,  wifo  of  Henry  Aog.  Colley,  Capt.R.E. 
At  Shapton  MallaU,  aged  104«  Thomaa 
Tajlor. 

At  Bath,  Martha,  widow  of  the  Her.  I. 
Sibley,  rector  of  Walcot. 

SuriOLK.— Jfoy  «.  Aged  64.  Jaaiee  Pol- 
han^  gent,  sollditor,  of  Woodbridge.  Ha 
WM  thi  debtora*  friend  \  having  generoufly, 
and  at  hit  own  expeace,  obtained  for  tboea 
confined  in  the  borough  eaol  of  IpewiA,  on 
the  30th  of  Dec.  1806,  Mie  jiajpriMrf,  a  be- 
nefit reeoltiog  from  Uie  Lords'  Act,  aad 
which  they  had  aefar  previously  received. 
Afa94.  Ata^dooHall,iabia89d 


formaaj  yeaittfijor  fai^  fatiiijhftial 
of  S«Mk  Yeomaary  Cavalry. 

May  8.  At  Haughley,  ia  hit  70U1  jaar, 
Mr.  Thoaiai  Pritty.  At  a  very  early  period 
of  lift  he  evinced  a  nature!  turn  for  macha 
aiiB,  ia  which,  at  bb  yeara  iaercaicdy  lie 
proved  hiBMelf  aa  apt  proficient.  AoKMat 
ihe  amay  inatramentt  and  cnginea  »hi^\e 


John  Medowa  Theobald,   eaq.9  m  I'^p*^ 
Liaataaaat  and  MagistsaM  for  the 


He  waa  detcended  ^ma  tba  Healef  braneh 
of  the  ancient  fomilv  ai  Meadovay  (tee  VoL 
xciv.  ii.  51 8 J  and  in  pnrtuanca  of  an  Act 
of  ParliamaM,  peiMd  la  I7?9«  MMnaad  tha 
armt  aad  tarMOM  of  Theobald.    Ha 


iaveated  was  a  perambulator,  for  the  par- 
pose  of  ascertaining  the  exact  distance  mmi 
one  place  to  another,  and  which  the  late  Earl 
Stanhope  pronoanecd  to  be  by  for  the  moat 
correct  and  eertdn  one  which  he  bad  ever 
witaesMd.  Mr.  Pritty  has  left  behind  him 
many  ingenious  nrooft  of  his  skill  as  an  ex- 
oellent  self-taught  raeehanist. 

Afey  f  6.  Emily  Martha,  wifo  of  William 
Walker,  esq.  Barton-hall,  Barton-miUa. 

SuRRBT.— May  9.  At  his  fother'a,  Willej- 
place,  near  Famham,  aged  86»  J.  T.  Sdiro- 
der,  Jen.  esq. 

Jfay  93.  At  Esber,  •g«>.74,  Peter  N. 
Roberts,  esq. 

MavJtA,  At  Roeluunptouy  aged  83.  tiw 
Lidy  Marv  Hit),  only  snrvivhig  sister  of  tha 
Biarq.  of  Downshire.  She  was  the  yoas^nr 
daa.  of  Artlior  the  9d  and  late  Marquia^id 
Mary  Baroaew  Saadyv. 

ilfev  97.  At  ^t  Horsley,  Cavoliae- 
Jaae,  mfoat  dw.  of  the  Hon.  aad  Rev.  Ar** 
thur  Perceval. 

Jume  1.     At  Pirbright-lodge,  ^ed  ttf 
the   widow  of  Andrew  Stirfing,   esq.    of 
Drumaalllef,  unarbehire,  aad  dan.  or  1ato~ 
Sir  Walter  StitKag,  of  Fmkaif . 

Suistx.— 3fav  17.  At  Worthiogi  aged 
80,  the  Hon.  Wm.  Henigr  IH^,  unela  -t* 
Lord  Boitoo.  He  aaa  the  yoaagest  tea  oiT 
Wmiam  the  10th  Lord,  by  Atlaaia,  el4est 
dao.  dt  Heary  Selwya,  esq.  He  amrried 
Oct.  9ft,  178l9Mary,dan.Midooh.ofRow- 
Uad  Blackmaa,  -esq. ;  aad  by  that  lady,  who 
died  Jalv  90,  1791,  had  one  son,  William- 
Hcary4Co«laad|  and  a  dao.  Angusta-Prit- 
cilla,  who  became  in  1 8 10  the  td  wifo  of  Sir 
WilRam  Ungham,  Bart,  aad  his  widow  hi 
1819. 

Jfev  93.  At  Bridbtoo»  aged  89,  Row* 
iead  Maltbfi  esq.  of  Cbarlotte-strset^  Pori- 
land-place. 

May  97.  At  Brighton^  aged  9^  Joha 
Bethaae,  esq. 

Jrnmt  5.  At  Brighton,  aged  789  Jeaq. 
mlict  of  Thos.  Maitlaad,  esq.  of  Ljndburil» 
only  aurvtviag  ebild  of  General  and  Lady  Jaaa 
Msithew. 

Jtme  8.  At  Hastings,  aged  19,  Lady 
Charlotte  Stopford^  feortk  epd  yauagcat  daa. 
of  (be  Earl  of  Coortowa. 

Latthf,     Aaa  Martfa,  tn  iahabitoal  of. 
Brighton,  at  the  advanced  age  of  11 9.    Sha 
relBinod  her  powert,  cofporsal  aad  meald^ 
aad  waa  able  to  w«rk  to  witbia  a  ftw  days' 


Wart.- Jaae  15.  At  Wiaterboraa 
PMmtsey,  aged  90,  Mn.  Mar/I>yba»  sceood 
Md  iRH-eaifiviag  dwfc  cf  11»pa>  Pjfcsi  fog 


674 


Obituary.— BiZI  of  Mortality. — Markets. 


IJfmi, 


WoRCUTBRiBiRE. — Lately.  At  Gratt 
Malvern  vicarage,  aged  76,  the  w\dom  of 
John  Card,  esq. 

The  widow  of  the  Rev.  John  Durant,  Rec- 
tor of  Haglej. 

Mayb,  At  Overbury,  Penelope,  widow  of 
James  Martin,  esq.  M.P.  for  Tewkesbury. 

May  SO.  At  Tenbury,  aged  60 ,  Martha, 
relict  of  Mr.  M.  Hill.  Her  wedding  ring 
being  almost  overgrown  on  her  6n^r,  it 
began  to  give  her  (win  ;  about  ten  days  or 
•  firtnight  before  her  death,  she  applieil  to 
a  surgeon,  who  filed  it  off.  loflammatioo 
and  mortification  immediately  followed,  ran 
up  her  armt  and  ended  in  her  death. 

Yorkshire.  —  May  20.  At  Whitby, 
aged  43,  Diana,  widow  of  J.  W.  Saunders, 
esq. 

At  North  Shields,  aged  64,  Capt.  Robert 
Skipsey,  R.  N. 

Mmj  9S.  J.  S.  Howard,  esq.  M.D.  of 
Hull. 

May  25.  Aged  89,  John  Breare^  esq.  of 
Middleham. 

May  SO.  At  Huddersfield,  the  relict  of 
the  Rev.  Walter  Smith,  B.A.  of  Almond- 
bury. 

May  31 .  At  Piekeriog,  aged  68,  Ralph 
Hardwick,  esq. 

At  Whitby^  aged  18,  Mary,  dau.  of  late 
John  Richardson,  esq. 

Jwu  7.  At  Whitby^  aged  64,  Mr.  Thos. 
Linklater,  Lieut.  R.  N. 


June  8.'  At  Selby,  on  his  retnra  to  Ha« 
nover,  Lieut,-CoI.  Cleeves,  late  of  the  Brititb 
service,  a  distinguished  officer  in  the  IVo- 
insular  war,  and  at  Waterloo ;  hta  prona* 
iure  death  was  caused  by  injuries  receivtd 
in  the  former. 

JwM  8.  At  Shtton  House,  Dorothy,  the 
wife  of  George  Liddell,  ceq.  banker,  of  Hull. 

June  9.  Aged  99f  Robert,  yonnf^tflt  son 
of  late  John  Richardson,  esq.  of  Welton. 

Wales — June  1.  Jaoe,  wife  uf  John 
Bonnor,  esq.  of  Bryn  y  Gwalie,  Denbigh. 

Scotland. — May  96.  In  Gl^pv,  jtf  is. 
G.  Warden,  elilett  din.  of  late  Vincent  Wa- 
nostrocht,  LLJ>.  of  Camberwell. 

Lately,  At  the  age  of  I  Oi,  John  Brown, 
labourer,  Cuwgate,  Glasgow. 

Ireland. — AdtU  IB.  At  Dublin,  Joh» 
O'Neill,  esq.  of  BeoowenCaatle,  oo.  Galvny, 
Accompunt-general  of  the  Esehequer.^m 
patent  office  of  great  trust  and  coosidenUr 
emolument,  which  %raa  heWl  br  him  for  up- 
wards of  forty  yeara.  Mr.O'NriUwaaibriMrly- 
*  member  of  the  Irish  Pariiaaent,  and  ao 
intimate  friend  and  political  associate  of  the 
late  Mr.  Henry  Grattan.  Hit  soo,  An*.  J. 
0*Neill,  esq.  n  now  M  J",  for  Hull. 

Latehi.  At  Cork,  W.  Hanatt  Stacks 
esq.  He  waa  a  graduate  of  Trinity  C^oU^, 
Dublin,  and  obtatned  diatingnished  howMm 
fur  hia  classical  attaimneats.  During  tbo 
last  eight  years  he  waa  «  parUaouatary 
reporter. 


BILL  OF  MORTALITY,  from  May  19,  to  June  9ft,  1880. 


Christened. 
Males  -  1276 
Females  -   1961 


! 


9587 


Buried. 
Males    -    980  > 

Females  •     889  / 


Whereof  have  died  under  two  years  old 
Salt  55.  per  bushel  \  1  \d.  per  pound. 


t  and  8  155  60  and 
8  and  10  80  80  and 
10  and  90  74  70  and 
90  aad.OO  198  |  80  and 
80  and  40  186  I  90  and  100 
40  and  80  176 


60  168 
70  178 
80  188 
00    56> 

8 


CORN  EXCHANGE,  June  91. 


Wheat. 

Barley. 

Oats. 

Rye. 

s.     d. 

$,     d. 

«.     d. 

a.     d. 

76     0 

SO     0 

24     0 

84     0 

J.     d. 
44     0 


Pi 
«.     d. 
44     0 


Famham  (seconds) 7L  Of.  to  92.    Of. 

Kent  Podceta 6/.  Os.  to  8^    Of. 

Sussex bL  19f.  to  eU  lOf. 

M SL  Of.  to  7^    7«. 


PRICE  OF  HOPS,  June  91. 

KentBaes 5/.    Of.  to     7/.     Of. 

Sussex  Ditto AL  lOf.  to     5/.  12f. 

Essex 6^     Of .  to     6L  lOf. 

^tfuham  (fine) dU    Of.  to  \\l.    Of. 

PRICE  OF  HAY  AND  STRAW,  June  91. 
Smithfield,  Hay  2/.  15f.  to  4/.  1 5f.       Straw  2^  5f .  to  %L  14f.      Clover  8Z.  lOf.  to  81. 0«.- 

SMITHnELD,  June  21 .    To  sink  the  Offal— per  atone  of  8lba. 

Beef - 3f.    0(/.  to  4f.  Ad.    Lamb • 6f .  OdL  to  6j;  Otf. 

Mutton 3f.  lOd.  to  4f.  9tf.        Head  of  Cattle  at  Market .  Jono  91 : 

Veal 4f.     Od.  to  ta.  Od.  Beaats 9,898      Gdvw  980 

Pork 4f.     Od.  to  be.  Od.\  Sheep  and  l^mbe  94,700     Fi|gi     950 

COAL  MARKET,  June  95,  28f.  OdL  to  d5f.  0(£. 

TALLOW,  per  cwt.— Town  Tallow,  d8f.  Od.    YtUmr  Roaaia,  8if.  Od 

SOAP^**YeUow,79f.  MoUttd,78f.  Curd,805.—— CANDLES,  8f. per dos.  Moulds,  9f.6i/. 


1830]  I  m  J 

PBICES  OF  shares;  Jinatl,  ISEO, 

At  tlx  Oftw  1,1  WOLFC,  ffwmiM,  Chus*  HVf,  Ccn 


[  6J«  J 

METEOR(H.00ICAI;  MAKY,  bt  W.CARY.  Strand, 

From  Mag  aeyMJa^ttt  1*30,  Uthimaiuhr.  . 


Fihrenhail'i  "nia 


.  DAILY  PB.KE  OF  STOCKS, 

From  Iday  37,  ta  Jmu  sa,  IBSO,  hetk  ineUi 


SMth  Sm  Slock,  Mij  B7,  104|;  JuDi  a,  lOfii 
N««  Sootk  8n  Add.  Jana  9,  Kj  |  i  3,  Xi  >■ 

J,  J.  ARNULL,  SiMk  llrok*T,  Buik-WW^P-  ConJull, 

lita  RicMMiOit,  6ooi»o«,  toil  C». 


as, 


i 


f* 

f        ') 


ST  J  oil  D '3    PHAPEL." 


r  Tiu:;JTT  VHravsi,  HKi/r-TPTor. 


SUPPLEMENT 


TO 


VOL.  C.  PART  I. 


Witk  Virwi  of  St.  JoHH'i  Ciiapil,  Wallwin  QrMo,  Fulluai:  and  Holt  TftimTY  Chukcii, 
Bn»«i|iUin,  ia  tl»e  Pariih  of  KeoiiD^con  ;  dto  a  RefMaUtian  of  Nonaan  Arehm  in 
tba  CMAPTca-HouiB  of  Bihtol  Catukobal. 


NKW  CHURCHES.— No.  XXVI. 

Sr.  Joun's  Chapel,  Waluam 
Crekn»  in  thk  Parish  of  Fuluam. 

Archiiect,  Taylor, 

THE  majority  of  the  Churches  ori- 
giiiatly  decided  upon  by  the  Com- 
miMioiiers  were,  in  |x>int  of  arthitec- 
ture,  Grecian.  This  style  has  since 
given  way  to  a  rcstoraiion  of  the  na- 
tional archiieclure  of  the  country^ 
which,  had  it  originally  received  the 
patronage  il  deserved,  wuuki  1^  this 
time  ha\'e  advanced  nearer  to  per- 
fection than  even  its  most  aixient  ad- 
miren  could  have  expected.  Al  pra- 
seni  even  the  betl  examplei  of  mo- 
dern Pbintcd  architecture  mnst  be 
viewed  with  on  eye  of  indulgence; 
many  of  them  certainly  nntseu  greal 
merit,  but  the  majority  of  buildings  in 
this  style  are  very  far  behind  their  ori- 
ginal models.  Of  this  class  are  the 
two  Churches  represented  in  the  ac- 
companying engrjving.  The  first  sub- 
ject, like  the  generality  of  modern  spe- 
cimens, dinplays  a  jumble  of  the  orna- 
ments and  characteristics  of  various 
periods  in  the  history  of  Pointed  archi- 
tect tire,  blended  together  so  confusedly 
as  to  prcckide  the  idea  of  the  mixture 
having  resulted  (as  in  ancient  speci- 
mens) from  alteration  or  improvement. 
The  plan  of  the  building,  except  in 
one  particular,  is  good  ;  it  displays  the 
orthudox  arrangement  of  nave,  aisles, 
and  chancel.  The  tower  (the  excep- 
tion alluded  to)  it  situated  at  the  west 
end,  and  it  of  less  breadth  than  the 
nave  of  the  Church.  This  is  perfectly 
new,  but  tiill  the  arrangement  may 
have  been  forced  upon  the  architect 
by  his  limited  reaoorcet.  The  west 
front  il  in  coniequenee  made  in 
breadth  into  five  portions ;  the  central 
is  occupied  bf  the  tower,  which  ad- 
vances about  naif  its  plan  beyond  the 
nave.  It  is  divided  into  three  princi- 
pal stories,  the  exterior  angles  being 
guarded  by  buttrettra  of  bold  proiee^ 
(ScMT.  Mao.  Sa;^.  C.  Psar  I.   .    ' 


tion,  divided  into  numerous  stories, 
which  finish  with  the  elevation.  The 
first  story  haa  a  Pointed  doorway,  the 
head  of  the  arch  enriched  with  nume* 
rous  tmioldingiif  and  bounded  by  a 
weather  cornice,  nesting  on  corbels  of 
foliage.  Tliii  -atory  and  the  succeed* 
iflg  one  are  atparated  by  a  fiieze  of 
qualrifoil  pannelKng,  which  differa 
mm  all  ancient  works,  in  having  no 
leal  or  apparent  utility.  The  second 
ftory  haa  a  Pdinted  window  of  two 
lights  divided  by  a  single  mull  ion,  and 
aurmounied  with  a  quatrefoil.  The 
third  atory,  which  hat '  a  pcdctui 
picread  with  a  circular  aperture  in 
anell  Aw  to  admit  the  clock  dials,  ia 
dear  of  the  Church.  In  every  aspect 
ia  a  lancet  window  of  three  liijhtat 
the  voids  filled  in  with  perforated  irou 
work,  the  absurdity  resulting  frtHn  the 
introduction  of  this  description  of  win- 
dow, in  connexion  with  t racer ied  arches 
and  pannelltng ;  as  well  as  surmount- 
ing It  with  an  embattled  parapet  and 
c rocketed  pinnacles,  goes  beyond  the 
most  extravagant  of  the  many  modern 
conceits  we  are  doomed  to  witness  in 
this  style.  In  othor  respects  the  tower 
is  deserving  of  mueh  admiration  ;  it 
is  well  proportioned^  and  harmonious 
in  iu  design^  awl  it  la  but  just  to  say, 
that  when  viewed  at  a  distance  suffi- 
cient to  keep  ita  delaeta  out  of  view, 
a  more  pleasing  modem  siiecimen  of  a 
pinnacled  tower  doea  not  exist. 

The  west  front  of  the  Church  has  a 
doorway  corresponding  with  the  cen- 
tral entrance  on  each  side  of  the  tower, 
with  a  small  Pdinted  window  above 
it.  The  aisles  have  arched  windows, 
the  heads  bounded  by  weather  cor« 
nicea,  and  showing  in  their  sweeps  the 
elegant  Pointed  arch  which  prevailed 
in  the  reigna  of  Edward  III.  and  hia 
tocccMors.  < 

The  flanha  of  the  structora  are  uni- 
form. Each  able  ia  made  by  buitrfssca 
into  an  divisions,  all  of  which  have 
windowa  aimilar  to  the  -vftt  end ;  he^ 


St,  Johns  Chapely  fValham  Greeuj  Fulham*        [vol.  c. 


578 

low  the  first  is  a  doorway,  not  arched 
like  an  ancient  specimen,  butlintelled, 
being  a  perfect  carpenter's  design.  The 
elevation  is  finished  with  a  parapet 
over  a  cornice,  below  which  tne  but- 
tresses finish  in  splays.  The  clerestory 
is  similar  in  design,  the  windows  being 
smaller  than  those  in  the  aisles. 

The  east  end  of  the  chancel  has  a 
lancet  window  of  three  lights,  similar 
to  those  in  the  tower.  The  flanks,  as 
well  as  the  extremities  of  the  aisles, 
have  no  windows. 

A  vestry,  with  windows  in  the 
square-headed  Tudor  style,  occupies 
the  angle  between  the  end  of  the  south 
aisle  and  the  chancel. 

The  prevailing  faults  in  the  design 
of  this  Church  are  the  introduction  of 
the  lancet  windows,  and  the  omis- 
sion of  tracery  in  all  the  others ;  the 
latter  defect  is  the  more  inexcusable, 
as  the  architect  has  filled  one  of  the 
windows  (in  the  tower)  with  tracery 
of  a  correct  design ;  and  this  is  the  only 
one  in  the  Church,  every  other  one 
being  void,  so  that  the  Church  looks 
like  an  ancient  building  despoiled  of 
its  ornaments,  a  circumstance  unfor- 
tunately too  common.  At  some  future 
period  the  windows  may  chance  to  be 
improved  by  the  introduction  of  a  mul- 
lion  and  quatrefoil  in  each  ;  the  lancet 
windows  are  irremediable. 

Thb  Interior 

Is  plain  and  neat,  and  has  a  pleasing 
and  appropriate  appearance.  The 
lower  story  of  the  tower  forms  a  porch 
at  the  west  end,  and  part  of  the  nave 
is  appropriated  for  a  vestibule,  commu- 
nicating with  the  aisles,  a  portion  be- 
ing occupied  by  staircases  to  the  gal- 
leries. There  is  no  distinction  iuter- 
oally  between  the  nave  and  chan- 
cel ;  the  aisles  are  separated  from  the 
fornicr  by  five  Pointed  arches,  sustain- 
ed upon  piers  which  are  octangular  in 
plan,  and  consist  of  a  plinth  of  equal 
height  with  the  pewing,  to  which  suc- 
ceeds a  base,  above  which  the  pier  is 
moulded ;  the  angular  faces  having 
fillets  and  hollows,  and  the  others  at^- 
tached  toruses,  two  of  which  are  car- 
ried up  to  the  respective  roofs  of  the 
nave  and  aisles,  and  with  the  interven- 
tion of  capitals,  sustain  the  trusses. 
The  arches  are  sprung  from  the  piers 
without  imposts,  and  the  archivolts 
are  enriched  with  a  continuation  of 
the  mouldings  of  the  piers.  The 
Church  is  not  ceiled ;  the  roof  is  au 


open  frame  of  timber^  which  is  with- 
out exception  the  best  feature  in  the 
interior.  This  building,  with  Stepney 
Chapel,*  are  the  only  examples  in  the 
Metropolis  of  this  style  of  decoration. 
The  modern  architects  having  sense- 
lessly introduced  a  plastered  ceiling  in 
those  cases  where  groined  work  was 
not  used.  The  spandrils  of  the  trusses 
are  pierced  with  quatrefoils,  and  the 
spaces  between  the  tie-beams  and  raf- 
ters are  filled  in  with  upright  trefoil- 
headed  divisions,  decreasmg  in  heisht 
from  the  king  post ;  besides  the  prin- 
cipals there  are  transverse  beams  in 
form  of  obtuse  arches.  The  whole 
design,  though  simple  in  construction, 
is  highly  creditable  to  the  architect. 
The  aisles  are  similar  to  the  nave,  the. 
timbers  resting  on  the  wall  plate.  The 
eflect  of  the  whole  is  good,  and  if  every 
moulding  is  not  faultless,  the  minute 
defects  may  be  atoned  for  by  the  cor- 
rectness of  the  entire  design. 

A  spacious  gallery  crosses  the  west 
end,  which  is  continued  along  the 
aisles,  and  very  properly  is  made  to  re- 
tire behind  the  main  pillars.  The. 
front  of  this  gallery  is  varnished  oak, 
ornamented  with  perpendicular  com- 
partments with  arched  heads,  and  the 
main  beams  rest  on  supplementary  co- 
lumns situated  behind  each  pier. 

The  altar-screen  occupies  the  dado 
of  the  east  window,  with  which  it  as* 
similates  in  architecture.  It  consists^ 
of  three  arches,  covered  with  angular 
pedimental  canopies,  crocketed  and  di- 
vided by  buttresses  crowned  with  pin- 
nacles, executed  in  composition,  in 
imitation  of  stone.  The  archfis  are 
worked  into  hollows,  filled  with  the 
diagonal  flowers.  The  design  is  some- 
what similar  to  the  tombs  at  the  high 
altar  at  Westminster,  but  it  is  a  very 
meagre  imitation,  and  fur  below  the 
original.  The  window  is  filled  with 
a  painting  on  glass  of  the  Trans- 
figuration, after  Raphael;  over  the 
head  of  the  Saviour  is  the  descending 
dove^ 

The  pulpit  and  deskf  are  uniform, 
and  placed  in  front  of  the  altar,  the 
design  of  each  an  irregular  octagon ; 
the  larger  faces  are  ornamented  with 
crosses  patee  in  quatrefoils,  and  the 
smaller  ones  with  niches,  having  an- 
gular caps ;  the  mouldings  appear  in- 
significant, from  their  want  of  relief. 

The  organ  is  situated  in  the  western 

*  Described  in  vol.  zciii.  i.  p.  4. 


TART   1.] 


Holy  Trinitif  Church,  Bromptmt* 


679 


gallerv,  in  an  oak  case,  ornamented 
with  battleoientt. 

The  pewing  ii  painted  white,  in  the 
true  tabernacle  ttjie ;  why  it  was  not 
made  to  assimilate  with  the  galleries 
and  roof,  can  scarcely  be  accounted  for. 

The  font  is  in  a  pew  near  the  west- 
ern entrance  i  it  is  an  octasonal  basin 
sustained  on  a  pillar,  and  has  a  cross 
pat^  in  3  quatretoil  in  each  face. 

The  several  internal  doorways  are 
lintrlled,— a  senseless  innovation,  the 
result  of  manifest  carelessness. 

The  Chapel  will  accommodate  826 
persons  in  pews,  and  544  in  free  seats, 
making  a  loul  of  13/0.  The  estimated 
ez pence  was  9,683/.  1/5.  Qd. 

The  first  stone  was  laid  on  the  1st 
January,  1827f  and  it  was  consecrated 
by  the  present  Bishop  of  London  on 
the  ]4lhof  Aug.  1828. 

Holt  TRiNiTYCHURcii.BROMrTON, 

IK  THE  FxRiaH  OF  KeVSINOTON. 

Arekileci,  Donaldson, 

The  building  last  described  was  ex- 
cesaivcly  faulty;  but  with  all  its  de- 
fects, il  will  appear  a  masterpiece  of  art, 
if  compared  with  the  Church  which 
forms  the  second  subject  in  the  en* 
graving. 

The  architecture  of  this  building  is 
of  that  style  which  was  once  admired 
in  the  works  of  Wyatt  and  Dance, 
and  which  was  then  passed  off  as  a  re- 
storation of  the  ancient  Pointed  style; 
it  is  now  better  known  by  the  designa- 
tion of"  Carpenters*  Gothic,**  of  which 
style  we  believe  few  churches  (Mitcham 
perha|)s  excepted)  display  so  complete 
a  specimen  as  the  present. 

The  plan  of  the  building  is  not  e&- 
ceptionable.  It  is  divided  into  a  nave 
and  aisles,  with  a  chancel  at  the  east 
end,  and  at  the  opposite  extremity 
a  square  tower,  properly  situated  with- 
out the  body  of  the  Church.  The 
chancel  is  flanked  bv  vestries,  and  the 
tower  by  lobbies.  Tiie  tower  is  square 
in  plan,  and  is  in  elevation  divided  in- 
to three  principal  stories ;  at  the  angles 
Ere  square  buttresses,  which,  after  the 
conclusion  of  the  second  story,  take 
an  octangular  foran,  and  are  finished 
above  the  parapet  in  dumpy  caps,  re- 
sembling in  Bha|)e  the  paper  covering 
which  more  distinctly  tnan  anv  organ 
of  the  phrenologists  designates  tne  head 
of  a  dunce.  The  entrance  in  the  lower 
story  of  the  tower  is  a  Pointed  arch. 


a  bore  which  is  a  lofty  window  in  the 
style  of  the  choir  of  Westminster  Ab- 
be^.  The  second  story  has  a  loophole 
with  the  dial  above  it,  and  the  third  e 
uiple  lancet  window  of  the  thirtecnib 
century.  The  finish  of  the  elevatioo 
being  a  cornice  and  battlements  of  the 
sixteenth,  shows  how  admirably  the 
unities  of  architecture  have  been  set  at 
defiance. 

The  lobbies  flanking  the  tower  have 
pointed  windows  in  the  west  froo^ 
and  doorways  in  the  sides.  The  south 
flank,  shown  in  the  view,  displays  all 
the  faulu  of  the  modern  Gothic  school i 
in  the  pilaster- formed  buttresses,  con- 
structed neither  for  strength  nor  orna- 
ment ;  in  the  windows,  more  acutely 
pointed  than  any  genuine  specimen* 
End  which  Ere  too  wide  for  lancet 
windows,  at  the  same  time  that  they 
are  loo  narrow  to  admit  of  tracery ;  and 
in  the  paltry  coping  which  finishes 
both  the  aisle  and  clerestory,  and  which 
is  only  to  be  met  with  in  the  most  ordi- 
nary of  dwelling-booses.  The  porch* 
forming  the  principal  entrance  to  the 
chnrch,  is  in  the  centre  of  the  aisle* 
more  in  conformity  with  modern  fan- 
cies than  ancient  practice ;  the  finish 
to  the  buttresses^  la  perfectly  origioEl. 
The  small  vestry  in  tne  angle  between 
the  nave  and  chancel,  is  equally  mean 
with  the  rest  of  the  structure.  The 
omission  of  all  mouldings  to  the  arches 
of  the  windows  and  entrances  is  a  spe- 
cimen of  the  architect's  peculiar  laste^ 
in  which,  however,  he  is  not  uniform  ; 
the  window  in  the  upper  part  of  the 
tower  poaseasing  such  appendages. 

The  east  front  has  buttresses  at  the 
angles,  which  are  finished  with  angu- 
lar caps ;  an  improper  mode  of  deco- 
ration for  the  lancet  variety,  which  it 
must  be  uken  the  architect  has  aimed 
at  imitating,  or  rather  rivalling.  The 
triple-arched  window  in  the  eastern 
wall,  something  between  a  lancet  and 
a  Venetian  window,  is  perfectly  origi- 
nal, and  no  doubt  peculiar  to  ttie  pre- 
sent design.  The  cross  on  the  apex  of 
the  gable  is  in  a  better  taste. 

Tne  north  flank,  in  ita  general»fcE- 
tures,  resembles  the  southern ;  it  hat 
no  |M>rch,  the  piece  being  supplied  by 
a  window,  ana  below  itls  an  arched 
entrance  to  the  burial  vanlia  beneath 
the  floor  of  the  church ;  e  vestry  cor- 
responding with  that  seen  in  the  en- 
S raving,  occupies  a  similar  aitOEtion* 
flving  E  supplementEl  cDlnocc. 


580 


Holy  Trinity  Church,  Brampton. 


£tot.  cr. 


The  Interior 
Is  in  rather  a  belter  taste  than  the  ont- 
side.  The  nave  is  separated  from  the 
aisles  by  6ve  pointea  arches  on  each 
side,  springing  from  piers  composed  of 
the  usual  cluster  of  four  columns,  and 
from  the  chancel  by  a  lofty  pointed 
arch ;  a  mode  of  arrangement  which 
helps  to  atone  for  some  of  the  errors  of 
the  building. 

The  ceiling  is  a  timtd  attempt  at  an 
imitation  of  the  timber  roofs  of  old 
buildings,  very  far  below  that  apper- 
taining to  the  last  described  building; 
the  nave  is  panelled  by  ribs,  which  rest 
on  corbels  representmg  busts  of  both 
sexes  in  every  variety  of  costume,  and 
the  intermediate  spaces  are  plastered, 
and  pierced  with  quatrefoil  apertures 
at  intervals,  as  ventilators;  the  whole 
design,  as  well  as  the  application  of  the 
corbels  in  such  a  situation,  is  perfectly 
new,  and  peculiar  to  the  modern  taste. 
The  ceiling  of  the  aisles  is  also  plas- 
tered, and  rests  on  trusses  ornamented 
%vith  perpendicular  divisions  of  the  Tu- 
dor architecture ;  a  gallery  occupies  the 
west  end  of  the  nave,  and  is  continued 
along  the  aisles,  the  front  ornamented 
with  upright  panels  with  trefoil  heads; 
the  galleries  apparently  rest  on  mould- 
ings attached  to  the  principal  columns, 
resembling  additional  capitals  ;  an  use- 
less incumbrance,  inasmuch  as  the  ac- 
tual supports  of  the  galleries  are  con- 
cealed. An  arch  is  pierced  through  the 
wall  of  the  nare  into  the  tower,  and  in 
the  recess  thus  formed  is  placed  the 
organ  ;  the  case  has  one  ogee  canopy 
between  two  angular  ones.  The  altar 
has  no  screen,  the  usual  inscriptions 
being  affixed  to  the  wall  beneath  the 
east  window. 

The  pulpit  and  desks  are  placed  in 
one  group  in  the  front  of  the  chancel ; 
an  arrangement  as  much  at  variance 
with  propriety  as  is  the  commissioners* 
fiat  for  setting  up  two  pulpits.  The 
pulpit  is  hexagonal,  the  sides  panelled, 
and  raised  on  a  pedestal  of  open  work. 

The  font,  situated  in  the  centre  aisle 
of  the  nave,  consists  of  a  pedestal  sus- 
taining a  hemispherical  basin,  sur- 
mounted with  a  fascia,  inscribed 

-One :  !aort> :  one  :  ifaitj :  one  :  ^ap-- 
tijff'm :  1825  ; 
The  only  merit  which  this  church 
possesses  results  from  its  arrangement 
and  proportions ;  but  when  we  reflect 
that  the  architect  could  have  obtained 
these  particulars  from  the  inspection 
of  any  country  church,  we  have  but 


little  praise  to  bestow  upon  this  grouncT  j 
the  excessive  meanness  of  the  detaifs 
would  counterbalance  more  positive 
merits  than  any  which  this  design  pos- 
sesses, even  if  viewed  with  the  most 
favourable  eye.  Should  the  architect 
be  called  upon  to  design  a(  srecond 
church,  which  he  may  wish  to  stand 
in  the  same  rank  with  those  of  many 
of  his  talented  contemporarres,  he  wiff, 
it  is  to  be  hoped,  study  with  a  ^  Ihlle 
more  attention  the  several  tarieties  of 
the  Pointed  style,  and  make  himself 
master  of  the  dietail  belonging  to  each, 
otherwise  his  building  wrll  only  de- 
serve to  be  classed  with  the  many 
pseudo-Grecian  barbarities  which,  in 
the  shape  of  new  chmtihes,  have  tiea 
allowed  to  disfigure  the  metropolis. 

This  church  stands  in  an  exccflent 
situation  on  the  north  side  of  the  Fuf- 
ham  road,  and  it  will  accommodate 
1505  persons  ;  Sgg  in  pews,  and  GM 
in  frt-e  seats.  The  first  stone  was  laid 
in  October,  1826;  the  commissioners 
made  a  grant  of  5000/1  towards  this 
church,  and  a  similar  sum  to  the  cha- 
pel in  Addison  road.  The  church  and 
chapel  will  cost  about  24,000/. »  and 
this  sum,  by  an  Act  of  Parliament 
which  vests  the  church  affairs  in  the 
hands  of  trustees,  must  be  liquidated 
within  forty  yeara  from  its  date.  The 
church  was  consecrated  by  the  present 
Bishop  of  London  on  the  6th  of  June 
1 829.  The  Right  Rev.  Bishop  arrired 
at  the  church  soon  after  1 1  o'clock,  and 
was  received  by  the  Rev.  Archdeacon 
Pott,  the  vicar,  and  the  trustees,  who 
carried  white  wands,  and  escorted  the 
Bishop  up  the  centre  aisle  to  the  ahar. 
The  ceremony  of  consecration  was 
then  performeo,  after  which  the  church 
service  was  read,  and  his  Lordship  de^ 
livered  an  appropriate  discourse  fronn 
the  pulpit.  His  Lordship  then  pro- 
ceeded to  the  burial  ground,  which 
surrounds  the  church,  and  consists  of 
three  and  a  half  acres,  which  also  un- 
derwent the  ceremony  of  consecration. 
The  right  of  first  presentation  bein^ 
vested  m  the  vicar,  he  appointed  his 
nephew,  the  Rev.  Mr.  Fry,  to  the  lir- 
ing.  E.  I.  C* 

Excursion  in  1828. 
(Continued  from  page  409.) 

ROMSBT. 

THE  town  has  nothing  remarkable 
about  it  except  the  abbey,  very 
little  of  which   remains    besides  the 


JPAMT  1.3 


Excmtum  im  1898. — AoiiiMy« 


church  and  the  gitewaj,  a  Tudor  arch 
with  a  tower  over  it. 
-  The  church,  brge  and  croeirorm* 
hat  a  particubrW  tcibtiantial  appear- 
ance I  It  hat  tuflered  liule  injury  from 
time  or  violenee«  and  aflforat  a  fine 
ttodj  in  the  eerlieat  architecture  of  the 
country. 

The  great  height  of  the  lancet  wtn- 
dowt  in  the  wctt  front  it  rather  nn* 
utnal:  in  mott  inttancet  of  thit  dea* 
cription  of  architecture  teveral  tier  of 
windowt  are  met  with  in  tocceuion» 
in  the  present  there  are  only  three 
simple  openings,  which  range  the 
whole  height  of  the  deration  with- 
out a  break.  The  exterior  exhibits 
a  great  Tarietj  in  the  details  of  its 
architecture ;  in  those  portions  of  the 
building  which  are  in  the  circular 
style  there  are  manifestly  two  distinct 
descriptions.  The  nave  shows  the 
more  regular  mouldings  of  the  Nor* 
man,  the  choir  the  sportive  and  gro^ 
tesque  carvings  of  the  Saxon  style. 
From  the  eastern  side  of  the  transepU 
prciject  chapels  with  semicircular  ends 
towards  the  east,  and  originally  the 
choir  terminated  in  a  simibr  manner, 
•s  n  still  to  be  seen  by  the  disposition 
of  the  columns  in  the  mterior. 

The  Lady  chapel  it  is  highly  prob- 
able had  its  eastern  extremity  of 
the  same  form,  but  it  has  been  de- 
stroyed at  a  very  early  period.  The 
tracery  which  Blls  up  the  arch  of  com- 
munication with  the  church,  is  in  the 
style  of  the  reign  of  Edw.  III.  On 
the  south  side  of  the  church,  and  near 
to  the  famous  crucifix,  is  a  splendidly 
carved  Norman  doorway;  among  the 
mouldings  are  excellent  imitations  of 
classical  ornaments.  Tliis  entrance 
was  evidently  the  abbess's  doorway  to 
the  church ;  it  was  originally  protected 
by  the  cloisters,  of  which  no  trace  now 
exists. 

The  church,  it  appears,  was  founded 
by  King  Edward  the  elder,  A.  D.  930, 
and  it  subsequently  atuined  a  superior 
maxnificence  under  the  mana}j;ement  of 
St.  Ethel  wold,  whoauisted  King  Edgar 
in  building  it,  and  I  think  an  attentive 
examination  of  the  present  church  will 
lead  to  the  conclusion  that  it  is  in  great 
mrt  the  same  edificcas  thmt  in  which  the 
latter  monarch  buried  his  eldest  aoo, 
A.I>.g7l.  It  was  shortly  afterwards  in- 
jured by  the  Danes  in  992,  and  subae- 
quently  repaired  in  the  reign  of  Ed- 
ward the  Confessor.  The  nave  was  en- 
larged towards  the  west  at  aubtequent 


581 


Bsriods,    panienUrly  by   Bishop  De 
lois  (a  prelate  who  appears  «o  have 
been  a  second  Gundnlpn),  in  the  early 
part  of  the   twelfth  century;    since 
which,  with  the  exceptioo  01  the  weat 
end,  little  has  been  done  eseept  in  the 
wav  of  embellishmeut.    The  exterior 
walls  of  the  aisiek  of  the  choir,  aiii 
the  curious  chapek  attached  to  the 
transept,  with  the  various  sculptoree 
and  catVhcad  moulding  of  the  casters 
part,  I  think  there  can  be  little  doubt 
are  relics  of  St.  Eihelwold.    And  this 
idea  is  not  at  variance  with  the  de- 
struction of  the  church  by  the  Danet; 
they  might  have  horned  the  roof,  and 
haverccuiced  the  church,  in  appearance* 
to  a  heap  of  ruins,  but  having  in  our 
own  days  seen  the  walls  of  York  Ca- 
thedral survive  a  similar  accident,  and 
remain  strong  enough  to  support  a  new 
roof,  it  requires  no  stretch  of  probabi- 
lityto  infer  that  Romsey  was  equal^ 
capable  of  restoration  after  the  Danish 
conflagration.  The  massive  walla  seem 
calculated  10  defy  all  common   acci* 
dents ;  they  susuined  uninjured  a  cao- 
nonade  from  Cromwell's  artillery,  and 
presuming  that  they  are  of  the  a§i 
assigned,  it  is  matter  of  no  surprise  tiaat 
they  should  survive  the  stuck  of  a  roving 
band  of  Danes,  who,  only  bent  on 
plunder  and  destruction,  Kad  neither 
time  nor   inclination    to    destroy  so 
strong  a  building.    And  with  respect 
to  the  subsequent  alterations  and  addi* 
tions,  a  practised  eye  can  easily  distin- 
guish a  species  of  circular  architectum 
still  of  remote  antiquity,  but  approach- 
ing more  nearly  to  acKnowleagcd  spe^ 
cimens  of  Norman  architecture  thas 
the  parts  which  I  conceive  are  vestiges 
of  the  orijrinal  building. 

In  the  interior  there  are  many  eors- 
oos  specimens  of  Sdtaion  architecture, 
as  well  as  that  of  a  later  period.  In 
the  apsis  behind  the  altar  are  several 
columns  with  sculptural  capitab,  two 
of  which  are  historical,  and  record  oa 
scrolls  the  name  of  the  architect, 
"Robert  me  fecit."*  This  was  a  cooh 
roon  Saxon  practise,  as  may  be  sees 
by  more  than  one  imdoubted  Saxoft 
inscription. 

In  this  church  is  a  singular  evideoee 
in  favour  of  Dr.  Milncr's  theory  of  the 
origin  of  the  pointed  style  being  de- 
rived from  the  intersection  of  circtilar 
arches.    This  is  a  window  00  the  cast 

*  These  capitals  are  dascrilsd  in  the 
Archsologta,  vol.  xiv.  and  xv. 


bS2 


Ronue^i'^WiHcheater.—SL  Oou. 


[yol.  g. 


side  of  the  ndrth  tranaept;  consitl- 
iDg  of  three  pointed  arches  formed  by 
the  interlacing  of  circular  onesy  the 
pointed  aperturet  thus  formed  being 
pierced  and  glazed.  This  window  goes 
so  far  to  establish  Dr.  Milner's  theory 
that  I  am  sarpriaed  it  waa  not  noticed 
by  him ;  it  is  evidently  in  its  original 
state,  and  is  lea^  liable  to  the  objection 
raised  to  the  windows  of  St.  Cross,  of 
having  been  subsequently  pierced.  I 
should  consider  that  this  window  is  the 
workmanship  of  Bishop  de  Blois,  the 
style  of  the  ornaments  corresponding 
with  his  known  works. 

That  the  pointed  style  grew  by  de- 
grees out  of  the  circular,  or  Saxon 
style,  which  preceded  it,  is  a  conclu- 
sion to  which  every  ancient  building 
seems  to  lead.  The  present  church 
affords  some  striking  examples  in  fa- 
vour of  this  proposiuon,  and  amongst 
others  the  following. 

Of  the  corbel  table  are  various  spe* 
cimens,  one  of  which,  the  oldest, 
ahows  only  circular  arches,  in  another 
circular  arches  are  intermixed  with  an 
an^ubr  formadon  approaching  to  a 
pointed  arch,  and  in  a  third  the  cir- 
cular and  pointed  arch  are  met  with 
together. 

This  admixture  would  not  have  hap- 
pened if  the  pointed  style  had  been 
imported  in  a  perfect  state  from  a 
foreign  country ;  in  that  case,  instead 
of  the  mixed  architecture  of  Romsey, 
we  should  have  witnessed  the  perfec- 
tion and  uniformity  of  Salisbury. 

The  high  altar  has  been  greatly  im- 
proved of  late.  By  the  removal  of  the 
screen  with  the  clecalogue,  the  noble 
pillars  and  arches  forming  the  old 
apsis  were  laid  open,  and  the  voids  are 
now  glazed  with  stained  glass.  The 
altar  screen  was  an  ancient  painting, 
partly  defaced  and  partly  conceal^ 
with  the  decalogue.* 

Besides  this  painting  the  ancient 
piscina  of  the  higli  altar  was  at  the  same 
time  brought  to  light ;  it  resembles  a 
font,  and  is  composed  of  a  dwarf  cy- 
lindrical column  with  an  elegantly 
sculptured  capital,  highly  enriched 
with  leaves  in  the  style  of  the  end  q( 
the  eleventh  century. 

The  nave  and  choir  have  roofi 
-of  timber;    the  latter  is  ceiled  and 

*  For  an  excellent  description  of  tbh 
paintiDg  your  resdert  sre  indebted  to  Dr. 
Latham,  of  Winchiester.  Vide  vol,  xcix. 
part  ii.  page  684. 


painted  with  dragons  and  Muntl ;  the 
former,  being  the.  badge  of  the  Tudor 
family,  marks  the  period  of  its  erection. 
The  floor  of  various  parts  of  thi 
church  is  paved  with  tiles  designed 
with  various  6eures,  amon^  which  the 
most  remarkable  are  two  knights  tilting 
^  The  sepulchral  monuments  of  enr 
cient  date  are  not  nnmefona.  A  likdy 
in  the  costume  of  the  13th  centaiy 
has  been  recently  di«D0vered,  wad 
placed  in  the  arch  from  which  it  hat 
the  appearance  of  having  been  r^ 
moveJ. 

WiNCHBSTBR. 

You  have  already  given  insertion  to 
a  letter  on  the  subject  of  the  repairs  of 
the  Cathedral  (vol.  zcviii.  part  iL  p. 
310),  which  supersedes  the  necessity 
of  my  entering  further  on  the  subjen 
of  this  interesting  fabric;  and  indeeo  il 
would  be  a  task  of  diflficulty  to  add  anf 
thing  to  Dr.  Milner*8  well- written  ana 
accurate  survey.  * 

St,  Cross. 

The  church  of  this  ancient  fbnndft- 
tion  is  deserving  of  the  importance 
which  Milner  has  assigned  to  it  $  hot  I 
cannot  help  holding  the  opinion  that 
Romsey  ehurch  presents  a  better  object 
for  architectural  study  than  theprasent, 
and  that  for  the  reasons  I  have  aisigiied 
in  a  previous  part  of  this  letter. 

The  church  received  some  embeU 
liahments  from  the  late  master.  Dr. 
Lockman,  particularly  the  stained  glaai^ 
which  occupies  the  western  window, 
which  is  ancient,  and  was  obtained 
from  the  Continent.    Over  the  weslera 
entrance  are  the  arms  of  the  Collein 
in  stained  glass,  which  differ  so  entirdj 
from  an  older  painting  of  the  same  in 
the  porter's  lodge,  that  I  cannot  help 
pointing  out  the  discrepancy  to  show 
the  uncertainty  of  modern  heraldry, 
which  is  commonly  depicted  according 
to  the  fancy  of  the  artist  (and  an  heral- 
dic artist  is  generally  little  better  than 
a  coach  painter),  and  in  utter  ooQr 
tempt  of  the  old  established  rolea  of 
heraldry.  The  first  mentioned  arms  are. 
Argent,  a  cross  patee  concaved  (I  cue 
this  blazon  for  want  of  a  better,  it 
being  a  sort  of  fitncy  cross,  formed  in 
accordance  to  the  modern  notiontof 
heraldry,)   between   foor  other  snch 
•crosses Sable.    In  the  old.eM^lc  the 
Bft  crosses  are  potent,. t|i#  linetnrea 
being  the  same  in  both.  The  alteratioo 
in  the  ibrm  of  the  crosses  most  have 
arisen  from  a  perfect  spirit  of  ionova- 


PART  I.]  Mexhor^ugh  Pc«raf«.— 5loi(«Mipdii*W«if. 


583 


tioot  ibe  least  knowledge  of  hmldry 
would  have  prereoied  the  miiuke. 
Tlic  crou  potent,  or  crots  of  Jeruta- 
lein,  wM  tne  peculiar  and  appropriate 
ensign  for  an  hofpital :  the  re|)eiiiion 
of  it  lo  the  number  of  five,  had  refer- 
ence to  the  wounds  of  our  Saviour, 
and  was  adopted  for  the  tame  reason 
as  the  five  crosses  were  engraved  on 
altar  stones. 

Wolvesey  Castle  is  an  interesting 
ruin ;  it  has  been  engraved  and  de- 
scribed in  vol.  xcix.  part  i.  page  106. 

The  parish  churches  in  Winchester 
are  not  remarkable  for  their  extent  or 
architecture.  St.  Thomas'  shows  some 
specimens  of  the  pointed  style,  of  equal 
curiosity  with  St.  Cross ;  the  arches  are 
acutely  pointed  and  ornamented  with 
ziff-zags,  and  rest  on  cylindrical 
columus,  with  enriched  capiuls. 

St.  John's  School  and  chapel  very 
much  resembles  Mr.  Blore's  new 
chapel  at  Battersea,  which  has  been 
engraved  in  vol.  xcviii.  part  ii.  page 
106.  £.1.  C. 

P.  S.  I  followed  the  common  tradi- 
tion in  ascribing  the  sepulture  of  the 
Ouke  of  Buckingham  to  St.  Thomas's 
church,  Salisbury  (May  Mag.  page 
408).  The  actual  tomb  of  the  Duke 
is  at  Britford,  near  Salisbury,  as  Sir  R. 
C.  Hoare,  Bart,  (through  whose  polite- 
ness I  am  enabled  to  make  this  cor- 
rection) has  recently  ascertained. 

Ma.  Urbam,  Jiiiiel6. 

IN  the  article  *'  Earl  Mexboroo^h,'* 
p.  363,  the  exact  style  of  the  titles 
is  correctly  given,  viz.  Earl  Mexbo- 
rough,  of  Li&rd,  co.  Donegal,  though 
Mexborough  is  in  Yorkshire.  The  cus- 
tom of  Irish  Peers  taking  titles  from 
places  in  England  and  Scotland  first 
arose  in  the  reign  of  George  I.  the 
actual  title  taken  from  a  place  in  Eng- 
land being  ibi lowed  by  an  addition  of 
flonie  place  in  Ireland.  The  etiquette 
seems  to  be»  that  the  name  of  an  Irish 
eounty  be  inserted  in  the  petent,  or 
none ;  of  the  latter  may  be  inslaaeed 
Baron  Henley,  of  Chanlstock,  Bafoo 
Rendclsham,  of  Rendelsham.  VVhca 
Sir  John  Cradock's  pecraM  was  pie« 
sented  for  the  Irish  Lord  ChanceUor's 
inspeetion,  the  dicnitj  stood  thut/-^ 
Beron  Uowden,  or  Grupston  tod  Spel* 
dingtoo,  ce.  Fori,  and  of  Cradocks* 
town,  CO.  Kildare ;  bot  the  lume  of 
the  English  eooniy  was  siniek  out»  thin 
leaving  it  to  nppoer  aa  if  Griautoa  mmI 


Spaldington  were  in  Kildare.  Is  not 
the  same  kind  of  anomaly  (I  had 
almost  said  absurdity,)  tobeobaerved 
in  Enslish  patents,  where  a  nobleman 
takes  his  actual  title  from  a  town  in 
Kent,  with  the  addition  of  a  village  in 
Middlesex,  as  '*  Baron  Tenterden,  of 
Hendon,  co.  Middlesex,'*  &c.  &c* 
With  reference  to  Earl  Mexborough 
and  Earl  Fife,  your  correspondent  i» 
mistaken  in  supposing  the  ^  is  alwaye 
omitted  in  the  case  of  en  Irish  Eari 
deriving  a  title  from  a  place  in  Eng* 
land,  &c.  for  insunce,  the  Moljneux. 
family  enjoys  the  dignity  of  Larl  qf 
Sefton.of'^lreland^  though  Sefton  (now 
usually  written  Sephton,)  b  in  Lanca- 
shire. Your  correspondent  is  scarcelT 
warranted  in  stating  the  Mexborough 
earldom  to  be  a  nominai  Peerage.  Pre- 
vious to  the  Union  indeed,  an  Irish 
title  conferred  on  a  resident  English 
family  might  be  so  termed,  u  it^ve 
no  privilege  iu  Enaland  -,  but  since  the 
Union  the  Peer  of  Ireland  has  had  hia 
rank  aKcrtained  in  Ensland;  he  is 
recognised  as  a  Peer  of  the  United 
Kingdom,  enjoys  the  privilege  of  free- 
dom from  arrest,  trial^  by  liis  Peers 
only,  place  at  coronations,  &c.  &c. 
An  Irish  title,  it  is  true,  does  not  con- 
fer an  hereditary  seat  in  Parliament, 
but  the  possessor  of  the  honour  is  cli- 

S'ble  to  represent  the  Irish  Peerage  in 
e  House  at  the  call  of  his  Peers. 
Yours,  &c.  G.  H.  W. 

Page  381,  col.  a.  1.  61.  fir  Distrmnt 
Castle,  remd  Drishane ;  1.  (>S,/or  Soihh« 
read  Smyth  ;  col.  b.  I.  3?!  /or  Lyttio* 
ton,  reed  Lyttelton. 

M  a.  U  a  BAN,  Salop,  Jutu  2 1  • 

ALLOW  me  to  notice  in  ^our  na- 
tional record  the  erecuon  of  a 
beautiful  eastern   window  of  stained 

?lass  in  the  new  church  at  Stoke- upon* 
*reot«  Stafibrdshire,  which  for  elo* 
Knee  and  lurmony  of  design  is  piot 
biy  unrivalled  by  any.  modern  at- 
tempts of  the  art,  as  an  imitation  of  the 
style  purely  after  the  antique. 

The  principal  compartownts  of  the 
window  contain  fifteen  welUpropor* 
tiooed  figures  (insertecl  within  ovals») 
of  the  Apostles  and  £vai»gelislt»  m^ 
bearing  their  appropriate  insignia^  and 
having  beneath,  on  a  Ubel»  their  re- 

rtive  Danes  inscribed  id  Latin.    lo 
eeotre  of  the  Eeaa^lislSt  at  the 
base  of  the  window,  if  «  bold  ftgnce  of 


684  New  Chuncft  iU  SM^MpoH'^Trtmij^Tkmmet  TmneL    [vol.  c^. 


the  saint  to  whom  tho  church  it  dedi« 
ORlad»  Peter,  bearing  his  symlwl  of 
the  'keysf  and  though  loaded  with 
chains,  his  spirited  aititade  and  coun* 
tenance  serm  to  bespeak  glory,  in 
bonds»  imprisonnient,  and  even  death, 
Cdt  the  glorious  cause  in  which  he  was 
ensageiC 

■  The  arch  of  the  window  is  filled 
with  ornamental  designs  in  brilliant 
colouring,  among  which,  near  the 
apex,  are  two  quatrefoils,  containing 
the  arms  of  the  see  of  Lichfield,  and 
those  of  the  Dean. 

The  general  effect  of  this  rich  coU 
lection  of  glass  is  truly  great,  increased 
as  it  is  by  the  peculiar  mellowness  of 
the  tints,  whilst  the  rich  leAexioa  of 
tlie  storied  fane,  shedding— 

-•The  dim  blase  of  radisnco  richly  cImt," 

has  spread  an  air  of  new  solemnity  and 
inspiration  throughout  the  sacred  edi- 
fice I  and  since  the  general  execution 
is  creditable  to  the  abilities  of  the  artist, 
Mr.  David  Erans,  of  Shrewsbury,  it  is 
to  be  desired  it  may  remain  a  memorial 
to  subseouent  generations  of  the  liber- 
ality of  tne  very  Reverend  the  Dean  of 
Lichfield,  who  is  Rector  of  the  parish, 
and  at  whose  munificence  the  window 
is  erected. 

Whilst  upon  the  sobiect,  I  would 
also  mention  that  the  Dean  has  like- 
wise siven  the  sum  of  3000/.  to  be  in- 
vested in  the  names  of  trustees,  as  a 
permanent  endowment  for  the  national 
schools  at  Stoke,  'Hahley,  I^ne  End, 
Shelton,and  Longton,  within  the  same 
parish  (  besides  handsome  donationa 
lo  the  new  church  and  other  charitable 
purposes,  making  an  aggregate  of 
10,000/. 

The  old  parish  church  having  bo- 
come  mi  BOOS,  and  too  small  to  accom- 
modate the  increasing  population  of  the 
tieighbourhood,  it  was  determined  to 
erect  a  new  one  as  near  the  site  of  tho 
old  building  as  a  regard  for  previous 
inhumations  would  permit}  which 
undertaking  was  commenced  in  1886, 
ond  is  now  completed  in  the  modern 
Gothic  style,  and  at  an  expense  of  about 
]4,000i.  being  130  feel  in  length  and 
61  in  width,  and  calculated  to  accom- 
modate a  congregation  of  1G78  penons, 
and  when  the  organ,  bells,  &e.  are 
read^,  will  receive  immediate  conse- 
cralwo. 

*  The  barial'groond  has  also  been 
enlarged  to  the  extent  of  five  acres,  and 
by  the  addition  of  eo,000  cubic  yards 
of  soil  has  been  raised  so  as  to  place  it 


out  of  the  reach  of  floods,  to  whick  it 
was  previously  liable. 
Yours,  &c.  H.  P. 


Mr.URBAW,     Summerlan^,ExHer, 

June  4. 

IF  sublime  can  appropriately  be  ap« 
plied  to  works  of  art,  well  does  the 
Tunnel  under  the  Thames  merit  that 
appellation.     When  staiiding  in  this 
astonishing  arched  excavation,  under  a 
body  of  running  water  bearing  shipa 
loaded  with  their  cargoes  on  its  surfiMe, 
the  grandeur  of  so  vast  and  diflicult  ais 
undertaking  is  sostriking  that  the  mind 
is  indiscribably  impressed  with  a  sense 
of  the  uncommon  nature  of  the  object 
con  tern  plated .    The  utility  of  so  great 
a  monument  of  a  daring  effort  ot  art, 
is  the  secondary  thought  which  oc- 
curs to  the  mind,  at  first  absorbed  ia 
surprise.     Where  the  highest  bridge 
would  obstruct    navt^tion,    there  a 
tunnel  becomes  essentially  oseful. 

Having  been  a  military  engineer,  I 
am  probaoly  habituated  to  considera- 
tions of  the  present  description,  and 
have  examined  the  section  of  the  work 
carried  transversely  under  that  of  the 
river,  and  of  the  ground  between  the 
bottom  of  it  and  the  top  of  the  arches 
oyer  the  conjoined  two  tun  neb,  jndi- 
ciotisly  intended  for  vehicles  movinji^ 
in  opposite  directions.     The  work  is 
finished  almost  to  the  middle  of  the 
river.      The  section  shows  that  the 
depth  or  thickness  of  the  earth  over 
the  place  where  the  water  broke  in  is 
near  twice  as  much  as  appears  in  the 
first  half  of  the  remaining  full  half 
which  is  still  to  be  formed.    This  stale 
of  things  furnishes  a  well-grounded 
apprehension  that  in  excavating  below 
this  third  quarter  of  the  whole  broKlth 
of  the  river,  the  water  may  again  stop 
progress,  and  again  occasion  having 
recourK  to  the  expensive  and  uncertain 
expedient  of  increasing  the  deficient 
depth  of  soil,  by  throwing  in  earth,  ac- 
companied   by  other  ingenious  cod* 
trivancca.     As  the  tains,  or  alope  of 
the  floor  of  the  part  of  the  tunnel 
finished,  is  a  very  easy  inclined  plan^ 
1  would  beg  leave  strongly  to  reoom* 
mend  that  at  least  this  line  of  moderate 
descent  be  carried  on  under  .the  whole 
length  of  the  third  quarter  past  of  the 
whole  tunnel.    By  doing  this  a  part, 
where  the  earth  appears  very  thin  i» 
the  section,  will  be  safely  got  oodsr, 
Ivbile  the  dssceiu  frooi  the  north  ea<* 


PA&T  I.]    JUd.  J.  PloDpCre  ^  the  RtfantuOim  ^  tkg  Siage.       bM 

oMBtly^  thm  lUr.  Jtmw  Ptiiaq)Cre>  BJO. 
View  of  GrMt  GruMko,  «ho»  ia  1808, 
ureached  four  MmKHit  U  OrMt  Sk  Mmj's 
Church,  Cambrklge»  upoo  the  *  LMrfubcM 
of  the  Suge;'*  aod  to  this  lUvwtDdOM* 
tlcoiaa  tlie  profettort  of  tbt  druM  an 
under  bo  little  obligatioD  for  bb  spirit  ud 
fbgle-mindeduett. 

This  is  not  quite  corrfct  i  and,  at  I 
have  incurred  a  aood  deal  of  censure 
from  some,  for  the  |>art  which  I  liave 
taken ;  and  from  others,  who  have  not 
examined  my  writings,  for  that  which 
1  have  been  supposed  to  have  uken,  in 
respect  to  the  stage ;  I  am  anxious  to 
ftUte  what  I  have  myself  stated  lo  have 
been  the  case,  with  the  further  parti* 
culars  that  may  be  necessary  to  make  ic 
clear.  My  discourses  were  entitled 
"  Four  Discourses  on  subjects  relating 
to  the  Amusement  of  the  Stage;**  not 


innocy  oo  the  London  stde,  will  r»- 
main  soflliciently  easy. 

The  tunnel  appears  perfectly  dry, 
with  the  exception  of  a  very  small 
ooxing  through  one  of  the  small  ar- 
cades of  communication  in  the  pier 
between  the  double  tunnel;  and  the 
thing  i&  of  no  consequence.  I  mention 
it  merely  that  such  unimportant  effect 
of  the  diamp  earth  over  the  arch  may 
be  attended  to  more  than  the  person  to 
whom  I  pointed  it  out  seemed  to  deem 
necessarv.      "  Principiis  obsta,"  is  a 

food  rule  both  in  physics  and  morals, 
t  is  only  surprising,  considering  the 
situation  of  this  superb  national  struc- 
ture, that  it  should  remain  jsenerally  as 
dry  as  a  dwelling-house.  The  section 
of  the  river  and  earth,  in  the  line  of 
the  tunnel,  I  am  to  suppose  to  have 
been  accurately  uken.  If  such  be  the 
fact,  the  indispcn»able  measure  I  pro- 
pose is  the  most  simple  and  efficacious 
that  can  be  aiiplicd  in  carrying  this 
fine  design  under  the  north  half  of  the 
breadth  of  the  river.  Tunnels  through 
hills  are  attended  with  none  of  the 
great  difficulties  incident  to  so  noble 
an  undertaking  as  that  which  all  must 
feel  an  interest  in  seeing  successfully 
accomplished.  Yours,  &c. 

JoHV  Macdovald. 

P.  S.  Previously  to  entering  on  the 
formation  of  all  future  tunnels,  it  must 
be  a  primary  care  to  sink  the  entrance 
at  each  extremity  so  much  precisely 
as  will  give  a  sufficient  thickness  of 
tolid  earth  between  the  bottom  of  the 
river  and  the  top  of  the  arches,  allow- 
ing accurately  for  the  height  of  the 
tunnel,  inclusive  of  the  thickness  of 
theirchea. 


I 


Mr.URBAir,     Or'<^  GransdenVi. 
*        carage,  June  15. 

T  was  not  till  lately  that  1  had  an 
opportunity  of  consulting  Mr.  Brit- 
lpn*s  *'  Public  Edifices  of  London,'* 
in  which  work  there  is  "  an  account 
of  the  origin  and  progresa  of  the  Drama 
in  England  ;**  by  Mr.  C.  Dibdin.  [re- 
viewed in  your  vol.  xctii.  ii.  p.  5S9.] 
In  this  essay,  Mr.  D.  observes  t 

"  Although  «aay  writera  aad  pnaehers 
bave  eoBployed  iDveesives  mod  danuaciitioBi 
agmiiMft  ine  stage,  it  has  lb— d  defeadert  u 
a  majority  of  irrtlAV,  equal  (sayiiig  the  least) 
lo  their  aolagooiets  in  learaiaf  «  good  sense, 
asd  piety ;  bat  •■  oppoeitaoa  to  tlie  pfMdb- 
«rit  I  Ibow  of  but  ooe  solitary 

GiiiT.  Mao.  Suffl.  Vou  C  Paar  L 
B 


upon  the'*  Lawfulness  of  the  Stage,"  aa 
if^I  determined  it  to  be  a  lawful  amuac^ 
ment  in  iu  present  suie.  It  b  true 
that,  afterwards,  in  the  year  1811,  I 
published  a  short  tract,  which  I  en- 
titled "An  Inquiry  into  the  Uwfulneti 
of  the  Stage,"  which  was  intended  as 
an  answer  to  William  Law*s  Tract, 
on  '*  The  AbsoluteUnlawfulnesa  of  the 
Stage,'*  and  was  intended  to  show  thai 
the  suge  is  unlawful  only  in  iu  abuse, 
and  not  in  itself,  and  that  it  might  be 
rendered  useful;  but,  so  far  have  I 
been  from  recommending  the  stage  aa 
it  it,  that  I  have  pointed  out  the  greoi 
abuses  qfii,  and  have  showed  how  the 
faulu  of  it  might  be  corrected  and 
Avoided;  and  this  I  have  further  au 
templed  in  my  "  English  Drama  Pa- 
rified,'*  in  3  vols.  ISmo.  published 
in  1811,  in  which  I  have  given  a  spe- 
cimen of  Tragedies,  Comedies,  Opera, 
and  Afterpieces,  in  which  what  1  con- 
ceive lo  have  been  the  objectionable 
passages  are  omitted  or  altered;  and 
I  have  since  published  a  volume  of  Ori- 
ginal Dramas. 

As  to  the  sanciiom  of  Dr.  Pearson, 
the  Fice-Ckanceiior,  I  consulted  with 
him  before  I  wrote  them,  but  be  was 
not  then  Vice-Chancellor.  The  dia- 
courses  were  preached  on  the  roorningi 
and  afiernoona  of  Sept.  f  5  and  Oct.  9, 
]808,  and  Dr  P.  was  not  elected  V.C. 

**  *  Dedicated  to  the  Rev.  J.  (Edward) 
Peartoo,  D.D.  Vice-Chancellor  of  the  Ual- 
venity  of  Canbridge ;  under  whose  tanctioa, 
and  by  whose  advice,  (accordiag  to  Mr.  P.'i 
preface)  the  sennons  were  wrinaBy  prtaefaady 
and  poUIshedr 


586 


The  Siage»^»HaUon  Lilrary, ^'Original  Ldters*        ^vol.  c 


till  the  November  following.  He  was, 
ihereforc,  V.  C.  when  they  were  pub- 
lished in  the  February  following.  Nor 
could  it  be  said  that  I  had  the  sanction 
of  the  University,  further  than  that 
they  were  delivered  from  the  pulpit  of 
the  University  Church.  1  thought  ihev 
might  be  of  use,  and  I  procured  myself 
the  turns  of  preaching  for  the  purpose; 
and  it  was  at  the  time  when  Plays  are 
usually  performed  at  Barnwell,  but 
little  more  than  a  mile  from  that 
church,  and  I  believe  that  most  of  the 
players  were  present  at  the  delivery  of 
them. 

Whether  my  various  publications  on 
ihe  stage  have  done  much,  orany  thing, 
towards  the  purification  of  it,  I  am  not 
altogether  prepared  to.  say.  I  am  not 
without  hope  and  persuasion  that  they 
have  done  something.  In  recent  co- 
pies of  some  of  the  old  and  most  objec- 
tionable plays,  as  now  performed  at  the 
theatres,  some  of  the  worst  passages 
are  omitted,  which  I  consider  to  be  a 
point  gained ;  but  still  they  are  very 
far  from  what  they  ought  to  be;  and, 
if  the  Drama  were  purified,  the  theatre 
has,  1  fear,  all  its  wonted  corruptions. 
In  many  towns  where  plays  are  per- 
formed, J  understand  that  some  of  the 
clergy  preach  regularly  against  them, 
and  that  the  theatre  is  undoubtedly 
upon  the  decline  throughout  the  king- 
dom. If  this  be  the  case,  the  profes- 
sors of  the  theatre  will  at  length  feel 
that  their  duty  and  their  interest  are 
now  one,  and  that,  if  they  intend  to 
-vxist  and  to  prosper,  they  must  re- 
form.       Yours,  &c. 

James  Plumptre. 

Mr.  Urban,  June  20. 

AS  your  Repository  is  the  means  of 
preserving  many  literary  hints 
which  might  without  it  be  entirely 
lost,  I  beg  leave  to  mention  a  circum- 
stance probably  not  generally  known, 
but  which  evmces,  in  a  very  striking 
manner,  the  improvement  that  has 
taken  place  in  literary  taste  during  the 
last  age. 

Many  late  book  sales  have  astonished 
even  the  warmest  admirers  of  Letters, 
by  the  price  and  the  eagerness  with 
which  articles  of  even  ordinary  merit 
have  been  purchased :  but  when  the 
Hat  ton  Library  was  sold,  Mr.  Sheaf, 
of  Ipswich,  in  Suffolk,  paid  for  as 
many  books  as  loaded  two  waggons 
and  a  carl  only  30/.,  and  many  of  the 


MSS.  were  literally  throwu  to  the 
dunghill.  This  anecdote  was  commiv 
nicated  by  a  most  respectable  book- 
seller, who  received  his  information 
from  the  person  who  actually  assisted 
in  loading  some,  and  in  thus  disposing 
of  others  of  that  invaluable  collection. 
Nothing  is  much  more  to  be  re- 
gretted than  such  a  gothic  disregard  lo 
the  interests  of  literature,  unless  it  be 
the  selfish  and  narrowminded  prin- 
cipleof  exclusion,  which  renders  many 
valuable  and  interesting  collections, 
either  inaccessible,  or  what  is  tanta- 
mount to  it,  only  to  be  obtained 
through  such  cringing  servility  and 
teasing  importunity  as  few  men  of  real 
genius  or  talents  can  descend  to  prac- 
tise. A  BlBLIOMAHIAC. 


Origihal  Litters. 

IN  our  last  volume,  part  i.  |i.  506, 
was  printed  a  letter  on  ministerial 
affairs,  written  by  William  the  second 
Viscount  Barrinj^tony  when  Secretary 
at  War,  to  the  Right  Hon.  Hans  Sun- 
ley.  The  four  following,  addressed  to 
the  same  personage,  are  two  years  ear- 
lier in  date.  The  three  former  of  them 
precede,  and  the  last  follows,  the  date 
of  his  appointment  to  the  Secretaryship, 
in  July,  1766. 

Dear  Sir,      Cav.-Sq,  Majf  21, 1765* 

Having  now,  by  ^nr  directioD,  a 
safe  means  of  convcymg  to  you  all  I 
know  of  our  present  situation,  I  will 
conceal  nothing  from  yoo  which  can 
be  depended  on  at  truth,  among  a 
great  number  of  reports  without  foun- 
dation. 

Last  W^ednesday,  Mr.  Grenville,* 
having  mentioned  to  the  K.  the  Speech 
which  was  to  be  made  at  the  conclusion 
of  the  Session,  H.  M.  said  it  was  un- 
necessary to  settle  it  as  yet,  for  that  he 
intended  the  Parliament  should  be  ad- 
journed, not  prorogued.  Mr.  G.  en- 
deavoured to  get  some  explanation,  but 
in  vain.  The  K.  said  much  the  same 
thing  to  the  Chancellor  and  President. 
This  was  a  plain  indication  that  some 
change  was  intended,  unadvised  by  the 
Ministers,  and  beine  told  to  me  next 
day,  occasioned  my  letter  to  you. 

*  The  Right  Hon.  G«ovgt  Grenville  re- 
mained First  Lord  of  the  Treasury  uotil 
July,  and  was  then  succ— ded  by  the  Mar- 
quis of  Rockingluun. 


PA  IT  I.]  Original  Leiien  of  Usamnt  Barrhigion, 


tm 


On  Saturday  I  heard  that  the  l>ttke 
•f  Cumberland  was  empkijcd  as  iiego- 
ciator  with  Mr.  Pitt;  and  it  was  known 
on  Sunday,  that  his  R.  H.  was  gone 
to  Hayes,  fnun  whence  he  did  not 
tetuf  n  till  the  afternoon.  The  Minis* 
ten  all  saw  the  K.  after  Court,  but 
H.  M.  explained  iwthing  to  them, 
though  they  gave  him  many  opportu* 
aities.  On  Friday  he  did  not  come  to 
town,  and  had  no  levee. 

Yesterday  it  was  universally  said, 
and  i  believe  with  truth,  that  Mr.  P. 
had  declared  to  the  D.  of  Cumberland 
the  day  before,  that  he  could  not  say 
one  word,  either  on  measures  or  men, 
till  Lord  Bute  was  removed  from  the 
K.  That,  when  that  was  done,  and 
a  proper  Ministry  settled,  he  would 
give  tne  best  advice  he  was  able ;  but 
that  his  health  would  not  permit  him 
to  take  employment. 

Nobody  pretends  tosav  what  will  be 
the  opshioc  The  Ministers  are  en- 
raged to  the  last  degree  against  Lord 
B.  and  declare  war  against  him.  I 
am  told  Lord  Halifax  made  a  strong 
speech  in  the  House  of  Lords  vesterday, 
directly  pointed  against  his  Lordihi|>, 
who  was  present. 

I  am  going  to  a  Council  at  St. 
Jainet's,  where  a  Proclamation  will 
issue  against  Riots,  Rioters,  &c.  They 
have  been  more  dangerous  and  impu- 
dent than  they  were  ever  known  to  be, 
and  I  am  not  clear  that  they  are  over. 
Yo«  have  seen  an  account  of  them  in 
the  papers.  I  will  cany  this  letter  in 
mjr  pockety  and  leave  it  at  the  Admi- 
ralty in  mj  way  to  the  Hoose  of  Com- 
iiions»  which  it  it  said  will  adjourn  till 
after  the  holydayt.  If  anything  more 
comes  to  my  knowledge  before  two 
o'clock,  I  will  add  it  by  way  of  Post- 
script.  Any  future  intelligence  I  will 
send  to  Paoltons.  1  am  ever  with 
great  truth.  Dear  Sunley,  most  faith- 
fully yours,  Barrimoton. 

[PostscriptJ  "  SL  James's,  near 
three.  The  Cnancellor  has  been  with 
the  King  this  long  time,  and  was  sent 
lor  hj  his  M.  The  Dnke  of  Com- 
berlaod  hat  been  with  the  K.  and  is 
still  bete.  It  *it  said  there  are  no  weavere 
at  Westminster  to-day.** 

[A  second  postacripLl  <*  The  Coun- 
cil is  over  \  and  the  Hoose  of  Com- 
mons adjourned  to  to-morrow  morn- 
ing. It  IS  whispered  tbat^the  K.  now 
desires  to  keep  the  present  Minislen.** 


DiarSir.       Ca^-f^^^^^im 

the  wunrmn^. 
There  is  the  greatest  reason  to  be» 
lieve  the  old  Ministry  will  continue, 
but  nothing  is  certain  in  these  timet. 
To-morrow  will,  probably,  decide  every 
thing  finally,  in  which  case  vou  shall 
hear  again  from.  Dear  Stanley,  your 
most  faithful  humble  servant, 

Barrihgtoh. 

D.a«Sta.«v.        ^-ff-^-* 

The  old  Ministry  continue:  Lord 
Weymouth  succeeds  Lord  Northum- 
berland*, Charles  Townsend  succeeds 
Lord  Holtnnd  ;t  but  I  know  not  who 
succeeds  Mackenzie,  who  is  to  lose 
his  privy  seal  for  Scotland. {  Lord 
Temple,  Mr.  Grenville,  and  Mr.  Pitt, 
are  thoroughly  reconciled,  and  the 
Parliament  will  be  prorogued  next  Sa- 
turday. You  may,  therefore,  my  good 
friend,  pursue  your  travels  whenever 
you  please,  and  I  hope  they  will  pro- 
core  you  much  health  and  amusement. 

1  am,  with  f;reat  truth.  Dear  Sir, 
Most  faith fullyyours, 

BARRIMOTOir. 

D£AR  Sir,    ilrci:e/,  iiag.  4,  1766. 

Among  a  great  number  of  very  un- 
accountable things  done  and  doing,  1 
think  none  more  strange  than  the  new 
Admiralty  Board  leaving  you  out  of  it. 
I  do  not  conceive  this  matter  of  much 
cooeem  to  you,  though  in  many  lights 
it  is  important  to  the  public ;  so  I  snail 
not  condole  with  you ;  but  I  renew  on 
this  occasion  my  sincere  aasurances  of 
the  part  I  take  in  whatever  befalls  yoo. 

What  I  tee  every  day  makes  me  ap» 
prove  more  and  more  my  having  lone 
got  clear  of  all  party,  and  what  b  called 
CMtMearten.  There  are  many  factiost 
among  us,  and  not  one  of  them  that 
does  not  act  most  unaccountably. 
What  all  this  will  end  in,  God  kiM>ws. 

*  As  Lofd  LiMittaairt  of  Irelaad.  Laid 
WeyuMNUh,  howevar,  did  not  so  over,  aad 
tha  Earl  of  Hertford  was  appmiitcd  ia  Oa» 
tobar. 

f  As  Payoiasur-gcttcral. 

X  Lord  Frederick  Canpbell  was  the  for- 
tooata  placteMa  \  but  Jofia  Earl  of  Braad- 
albaae  ranavtd  hiss  ia  October  foUowUig. 
Howavtr  ia  the  fttllowtng  year  Mr.  Maek- 
ensia  wm  restored ;  aad,  having  bee«  ap- 
poiatad  for  lilt,  fstaiaed  the  oAce  for  a^eia 
than  forty  yean,  aacll  I  too. 


588 


Notices  of  Nanterre  and  RueL 


XvoL.  c. 


Having  nobody  but  myself  to  answer 
for,  my  conduct  mav  be,  and  shall  be, 
both  honourable  and  consistent. 

Adieu,  my  dear  friend  ;  believe  me 
roost  faithfully  yours, 

Barrington. 

A  Monsieur  Monsieur  Stanley,  chez 
Messrs.  Foley,  banquiers.  Rue  St.  Sau- 
veur,  k  Paris. 

Mr.  Urban,  Paris,  May  9. 

MOST  of  our  countrymen  who  vi- 
sit the  capital  of  Prance,  make 
an  excursion  10  St.  Germain-en-Laye; 
a  place  which  is  very  interesting  on 
acc()unt  of  its  beautiful  situation,  as 
well  as  from  the  circumstance  of  King 
James  II.  having  ended  his  days  there. 
It  is  not  my  intention,  at  this  time,  to 
attempt  any  description  of  that  town  ; 
I  shall  only  notice  two  places  on  the 
road  leading  thither,  which  cannot 
fail  to  have  attracted  the  traveller's  ob- 
servation, though  comparatively  few 
persons  are  able  to  quit  the  high  road 
in  order  to  examine  them  attentively. 

After  passing  the  hill  of  Courbevoye, 
on  the  right  of  the  road  we  discern 
the  tower  of  an  old  church;  and  as  we 
proceed,  the  houses  of  Nanterre  are 
seen  in  a  valley.  Few  places  are  so 
deceptive  in  their  appearance  as  this : 
at  a  distance  it  promises  great  interest, 
but  on  passing  through  it  we  find  no- 
thing worthy  of  attention ;  and  even 
the  church  itself  has  nothing  more 
than  its  age  to  render  it  worth  notice, 
for  it  does  not  possess  a  single  monu- 
ment. 

The  town  is  of  very  great  antiquity, 
and  is  thought  to  have  been  a  sanctuary 
in  the  time  of  the  Gauls.  It  was  known 
to  the  Romans  by  the  name  of  Neme^ 
iodonum  f  and  Dulaure  observes  (Hist, 
des  Environs  de  Paris)  that  not  only 
all  places  in  the  ancient  geography  of 
France  beginning  with  nem,  %vere  de- 
voted to  worship,  but  that  Nemetis  in 
the  Celtic  language  signifies  fanum  ; 
for  authority  he  refers  to  the  poet  For- 
tunatus,  who  lived  while  that  tongue 
was  still  in  use.  The  poet  alluded  to 
is  Venantius  Honorius  Clementianus 
Fortunatus,  a  native  of  Valdebiadena, 
near  Treviso  ;  he  was  made  Bishop  of 
Poitiers  in  .^99,  and  died  ten  years  after. 

In  429,  Germain,  Bishop  cf  Aux- 
erre,  passed  through  Nanterre,  on  his 
vvay  10  Britain.  He  perceived  Gene* 
yievc,  daughter  of  Severus,  one  of  the 
inhabitants,  and  being  struck  with  her 


pious  demeanour,  he  peraaaded  her  to 
join  a  religious  community.  She  ha» 
been  canonized,  and  is  now  the  tute- 
lary saint  of  Paris.  The  Abbd  Le- 
beuf,  in  his  account  of  Nanterre, 
mentions  miracles  which  have  been 
wrought,  not  only  at  her  tomb,  bat 
also  at  the  well  which  her  family  had 
been  in  the  habit  of  usin^. 

Clotaire  II.  was  baptised  here  ia 
591.  The  church  it  of  very  simple 
architecture  ;  the  tower  is  s()uare,  and 
is  surmounted  by  a  pyramid  covered 
with  slate ;  it  was  built  at  the  close  of 
the  thirteenth  century. 

Nanterre  was  sacked  by  the  English 
under  Edward  III.  in  1346,  a  very 
short  time  before  the  battle  of  Cressy. 
It  was  again  plundered  in  1411;  and 
in  July  1815,  there  was  an  encounter 
here  between  the  French  and  Pros« 
sians,  when  the  latter  were  eut  to 
pieces.  The  town  at  present  contains 
about  2500  inhabitants,  who  deal  in 
plaster  of  Paris,  salt  pork,  and  the  fa- 
mous cakes  (gtUeaux  de  Nanterre),  so 
constantly  ofl'ered  for  sale  at  the  en* 
trance  to  the^rdens  of  the  Tuileries. 

About  a  mile  beyond  Nanterre,  and 
on  the  left  of  the  road,  stands  Kuei,  a 
town  containing  about  4(XX)  inhabit* 
ants.  It  is  ornamented  with  a  num- 
ber of  avenues  planted  with  sycamores, 
limes,  acacias,  &c. ;  these  give  the 
town  a  pleasing  appearance*  while  the 
public  convenience  is  supplied  with  a 
considerable  number  of  good  shops. 
Ruel  is  roost  noted  for  some  extensive 
barracks,  built  by  Louis  XV. ;  they 
were  occupied  by  the  Russians  in 
1814;  by  tne  Prussians  in  1816;  and 
are  now  the  residence  of  the  Swiss 
troops. 

The  town  is  old,  but  haa  no  pre- 
tensions to  such  high  antiquity  as  some 
persons  have  pretended,  in  supposing 
that  Gregory  of  Tours  alludes  to  it  by 
the  name  of  Rotolegum,  the  country 
residence  of  the  Merovingian  Kings. 
But  that  place  is  thought  with  more 
probability  to  mean  the  Roule,  now 
one  of  the  faubourgs  of  Paris ;  for  in 
both  maps  and  grams  Ruel  is  other- 
wise designated.  In  817»  Louis-le- 
Debonnaire  conferred  on  the  Abbey 
of  St.  Germain-des-Pr^,  a  fishery  on 
the  Seine  in  the  district  of  Rivtlus  9 
and  in  870  Charles  the  Bald  gave  7?to- 
^ilum  to  the  Abbey  of  St.  Denis.  Ruel 
in  fact  belonged  to  that  abbey  till  l6d5, 
when  it  was  sold  to  Cardinal  Riche- 
lieu, who  beautified  the  chateau  and 


PAIT   I.] 


Noikm  of  Nmnitm  wad  EmeL 


689 


gprdenty  lod  made  it  hit  principal  re« 
sideoce.  For  hit  dark  and  cruel  pur- 
potes,  he  had  oublieiiet  in  hit  man- 
tiou;  and  tcveral  private  executioos 
took  place  there. 

In  cominon  with  Nanttrre,  Ruel 
tuflcred  in  1346  from  the  English  in* 
vation.  The  church  it  beautiful ;  the 
tteeple  riset  from  the  centre;  and 
though  it  pretentt  three  distinct  stylet 
of  building,  it  has  a  very  pleasing  ap- 
pearance. The  tower,  which  it  the 
most  ancient,  it  taid  to  have  been 
built  by  the  Englith,  and  correspondt 
with  the  architecture  of  the  early  part 
of  the  fifteenth  century.  It  is  ol  an 
octagon  form,  and  is  surmounted  with 
a  tapering  pyramid,  covered  with  slate. 
The  body  of  the  church  wat  built 
during  the  troublet  of  the  League ;  and 
the  first  ttone  was  laid  by  Anthony, 
the  exiled  King  of  Portugal ;  the  chan- 
cel ends  in  a  pentagon,  and  the  sides 
are  ornamented  with  the  arched  abut- 
ments so  common  in  Gothic  edifices. 
The  western  front  it  of  Grecian  archi- 
tecture, and  wat  built  under  the  aus- 
pices of  Cardinal  Kichelieu,  by  Le- 
mercier,  who  alto  built  the  church  of 
the  Sorbonne. 

The  chateau  of  Ruel  wat  in  later 
yeart  the  residence  of  Marshal  Mat- 
tena,  and  the  Emprett  Jotephine  re- 
tided  at  Malmaison,  in  the  tame  pa- 
rish. That  lady  it  buried  in  the  church, 
and  an  elegant  monument  hat  been 
erected  to  her  memory  by  her  children. 
It  is  of  marble,  and  consists  of  a  large 
base,  on  which  stand  two  columnt  and 
two  pilattertx  a  finely  wrought  arch 
restt  on  them,  and  formt  a  canopy  for 
the  figure  of  Jotephine,  who  it  repre- 
tented  in  the  act  of  prayer ;  the  like* 
neti  it  mott  ttrikin|{.  The  Govern- 
ment have  not  permitted  any  other  in- 
tcription  than  the  following :  d  Jose* 
pkine.  Engine,  et  Iloriense.  By  the 
tide  of  this  monument  is  another,  erect- 
ed by  Josephine,  to  the  memory  of  her 
uncle,  Rooert  Margar  Tascher  de  la 
Pagerie,  who  died  ISth  March,  1803, 
aged  6(5.  It  consists  of  a  plain  sarco- 
phagus, with  an  inscription  in  marble, 
part  of  which  hat,  however,  been  de- 
faced ;  for  at  it  ttaied,  although  in 
Latin,  that  it  wat  erected  by  order  of 
the  contort  of  Napoleon,  that  line  wat 
covered  over,  and  the  word  Jotepkina 
painted  over  it  in  larger  charactert. 

In  the  tuined  glatt  of  the  windowt, 
and  io  the  centres  of  the  groined^oof, 
are  littk  ctcotcheoiu  bearing  a  key  and 


a  tword  in  saltier,  emblematieal  of  St* 
Peter  and  St.  Paul,  to  whom  the 
church  it  dedicated.  There  b,  betides, 
over  the  arch  between  the  north  aitle 
and  the  transept,  another  device,  which 
I  am  untble  to  explain.  It  consittt  of 
a  thield  bearing  quarterly,  1  and  4,  the 
letter  R  ;  8  and  3,  a  branch  ;  above  is 
a  ducal  coronet,  from  which  rites  m 
branch  between  the  letters  H.  R.  The 
beadle  informed  me  that  they  were 
supposed  to  be  the  arms  of  dardinal 
Richelieu ;  but  that  is  decidedly  a  mis« 
take,  for  his  arms  were.  Argent,  three 
chevrons  Gules;  and  as  his  Chris- 
tian name  was  Armand,  the  letters 
H.  R.  do  not  apply  to  him. 

Dulaure  mentions  two  other  intcrip* 
tiont  which  formerly  exitted  in  this 
church,  but  which  are  no  longer  visi- 
ble. One  it  in  commemoration  of  the 
King  of  Portugal  having  laid  the  fi rtt 
ttone  of  the  building.  The  other  is 
an  epiuph  on  a  person  named  Zugm 
Christ,  who  called  himself  King  of 
Ethiopia,  and  died  here  in  the  reigo  of 
Louis  XIII.  Richelieu  considered  him 
an  adventurer.  The  epitaph  was  aa 
follows : 

«  Ci  gift  do  Roy  d'Eihiopie, 
L'origiod  ou  U  copie. 
Fuc  il  Roy,  ea  l«  hit  il  pat  ? 
La  mors  tanuina  las  debats." 

Yourt,  &c.  W.  S.  B. 

Mr.  U  RBAM,  June  85. 

YOUR  Mitcellany  having  an  exteiw 
tive  circulation  amongtt  theClergy, 
I  hope  that  you  will  give  intertion  to 
the  lollowing  remarkt,  in  order  to  a 
tpecdy  removal  and  prevention  of  a 
very  ditgusting  inattention  to  an  object 
of  tome  importance  to  the  feelings  of 
many  classes  of  your  readers. 

The  practice  still  continuet  in  manj 
placet  of  patturing  cattle  in  church- 
yardt ;  notwithstanding  the  paint  taken 
tome  few  yeart  ago  by  tome  of  yoor 
Corretpondentt  to  awaken  the  atten- 
tion ol  eccletiastical  officers  to  so  scan- 
dalput  an  offence  againtt  decenqf. 
(vol.  xcix.  i.  405,  6lO);  and  in  tpite 
of  the  laudable  exertions  which  were 
toon  afterwardt  made  by  tome  of  those 
officers  to  remedy  to  glaring  an  abate. 
There  it  ttill  an  additional  restoo  ta 
call  for  the  animadvertion  and  inter- 
ference of  archdeacont  and  others  to 
correct  the  abute  com  plained  of,  aris- 
ing out  of  the  enotideratiofi  that  wtry 
large  siiait  have  beea  liberally  cootrt- 


590  Pasturing  Cattle  in  Churchyards.'^SIiakspeare.        [vol.  c« 


buted  towards  the  erection  of  new 
churches  and  the  reparation  of  decayed 
ones,  by  those  whose  ancestors,  their 
memory  and  remains,  are  daily  insuhed 
by  those  of  theClergy,who,  in  violation 
of  the  common  feelings  of  humanity 
and  decency,  mock  the  kindliest  sensi- 
bilities of  the  human  heart,  by  tram- 
pling upon  the  graves  of  their  progeni- 
tors, and  violating  the  sanctity  of  se- 
pulchral rites.  Is  it  not  a  mere  mockery 
that  the  Bishop,  with  his  lawn  Fleeves 
and  commissaiy  and  chaplain,  and  all 
the  paraphernalia  of  episcopal  office, 
should  be  called  upon  solemnly  to 
consecrate  to  the  divine  offices,  and  the 
sacred  rites  of  burial,  cemeteries  upon 
which  no  human  foot  may  lawfully  en- 
croach ;  and  yet  that  the  incumbent  of 
the  parish,  if  he  happen  to  be  destitute 
of  tender  feelings  towards  the  living, 
or  respect  for  the  dead,  may  cause  the 
hallowed  precincts  to  be  defiled  by  his 
oowa,  and  horses  and  swine  ?  Besides, 
this  evil  is  aggravated  by  the  circum- 
stance of  those  who  are  most  prone  to 
practise  it  being  destitute  of  all  pos- 
sible excuse  for  it.  I  have  seen  within 
these  few  days  two  or  three  horses, 
and  as  manj  calves,  trampling  upon 
the  mouldering  turf  which  covers  the 
remains  of  those  "  rude  forefathers  of 
the  hamlet,"— whose  memory  is  never- 
theless as  dear  to  their  humble  rela- 
tives, as  the  ancestry  of  the  proudest 
peer  to  his  honourable  and  correct  re- 
membrance of  their  piety  and  worth — 
while  the  parson  is  tne  occupier  of  the 

Slebe  lands,  and  is  in  no  wantofabun- 
ant  room  for  his  cattle,  without  such 
an  infringement  of  that  decent  respect 
which  he  owes  to  the  inhabitants  of 
his  parish. 

Looking  at  this  detestable  custom  in 
another  point  of  view.  Can  it  be  de- 
nied, that  by  superinducing  an  irre- 
verent and  contemptuous  disregard  of 
sacred  edifices  and  their  precincts,  a 
door  is  thrown  open  for  a  more  pal- 
pable violation  of  them.  There  is  but 
one  liitle  step  between  the  impression 
thus  excited,  and  the  opprobious  and 
sacrilegious  practices  of  the  fanatics  in 
the  days  of  Cromwell.  The  sectarians 
have  long  avowed  their  earnest  wishes 
to  see  the  steeples  of  churches  con- 
verted into  materials  for  repairing  the 
high  ways  which  lead  to  their  conven- 
ticles. Do  these  not  rejoice  with  great 
triumph  at  the  progress  fast  making 
to  aid  in  the  consummation  of  their 
wishes  ?    To  convert  the  church-yards 


into  pens  for  cattle,  will,  probably,  in 
the  next  age  be  succeeded  by  turning 
churches  into  stables :  and  when  the 
farming  parsons  shall  have  made  a  little 
more  progress  in  their  new  trades,  as 
agriculturists  and  cattle  dealers,  the 
House  of  Prayer  by  an  easy  transition 
will  become  a  mart  for  bargains  and 
sales,  and  a  den  for  thieves. 

A  Layman. 


Illustration   of    a   Passage    in 
Shakspeare. 

Mr.  Urban,  Highgaie. 

WITHOUT  aspiring  to  the  cha- 
racter of  a  commentator  on  the 
writings  of  our  divine  Bard,  afler  the 
able  annotations  of  Warborton,  Stee- 
vens,  Malone,  and  others,  who,  by  the 
bye,  in  their  conjectures  on  his  ob- 
scurities, in  many  instances,  to  use  a 
sporting  phrase,  appear  to  be  com- 
pletely atfauUt  I  venture  an  illustra- 
tration  of  the  following  lines  in  the 
celebrated  play  of  Romeo  and  Juliets- 
Act  i.  Scene  4. 

Mercutio,  describing  in  a  style  of  ex- 
cessive humour  the  properties  of  Queen 
Mab,  after  some  fanciful  introductory 
matter,  says 

'*  And  in  this  state  she  gallops  night  by 

night  [of  love  ; 

Through  lovert'  brains,  and  then  they  dream 

0*er  courtiers*  knees,  that  dream  on  courtsies 

straight ;  [fees ; 

0*er  lawyers'  fingers,  who  straisht  dnam  of 
O'er  ladies'  lip8,who  straight  on  kisses  dream. 
Which  oft  the  angrjMab  with  blisters  phpes. 
Became  their  breaths  with  sweetmeats  tamted 

are: 
Sometimes  she  gallops  o'aracoHftKr's  nose. 
And  then  dreams  he  of  smelling  out  w^tuiL** 

The  repetition  of  the  word  courtier  in 
the  passage  cited,  seems  to  have  occa- 
sioned much  perplexity  to  the  learned 
body.  Dr.  WarDurton,  in  his  eluci- 
dation, says  "  a  court  solicitation  in 
Shakspeare*s  time,  was  simply  a  nrt/, 
and  a  process  a  sirt/  at  law,  to  distin- 
guish It  from  the  other.*' 

In  this  reading  Malone  in  some 
measure  concurs,  inclining  at  the  same 
time  to  Mr.  Steevens*  suggestion,  that 
it  arose  from  alterations  and  improve- 
ments in  the  speech  in  question,  quot- 
ing from  Decker's  Gul's  Hornebooke, 

**  If  you  be  a  courtier  discourse  of  tha  ob- 
taining of  suits.** 

M^Tyrrwhit,  proposing  an  emenda* 
tion,  conceives  the  reading  should  be^ 


PAST  I.]      **  Couriiin.'" — Scnlphtred  GrapeMtoneai  fFhaplod€»        591 


**  OV  CouBtiM*  kiMM,  t.  e.  Um  koMt  of 
Counts:  for  ui  old  boguige  County  tigm- 
fi«d  ft  DoblemftOf  See,** 

How  will  the  unlearned  reader  mar- 
vel, when  he  it  lold  that  the  word 
courtier  in  the  text,  is  of  French  origin, 
meaning  limply  a  broker^  a  dealer  in 
cast-oflf  suit  it  or  in  plainer  language 
•«  old  clothes." 

In  Shakipeare*s  days,  it  is  presumed 
the  Monmouth- street  gentry  of  the 
present  time  were  called  broken,  to 
whom,  1  conceive,  the  Israelitish 
chafferers,  who  perambulate  our  streets 
in  a  morning,  were  a  kind  of  agents — 
an  occupation  which  they  still  pursue. 

But  the  following  quotations,  Mr. 
Urban,  will  place  the  matter  beyond  a 
doubt. 

In  the  first  satire  of  Donne,  a  con- 
trmporary  writer,  we  hare  thb  pat- 
sage. 

"  Oh  monstrous,  saperttitaous  paritan ! 
Of  refioed  maooen,  jet  eeremooifti  mao ; 
That,  wImii  tbou  OMet'tt  one,  with  enqnir- 

ingejes 
Doet  tearch,  and  like  a  ntedtf  broker  priia^ 
The  tUk  and  gold  he  tMori,  and  to  that  rata 
So  bigby  so  lowy  doet  raise  thy  formal  hat." 

In  the  liketenae  is  the  word  used  by 
Sir  William  Comwalleycs,  in  his  Essay 
on  Fania$iickne$se,  who,  censuring  the 
conduct  of  a  variable  old  man,  "  that 
can  speak  of  nothing  but  the  fashions 
of  the  time,"  &c.  says, 

**  1  suspect  the  time,  in  tbe  which  be 
lived,  was  barren  of  all  thincs  worthie  of 
note  ....  or  be  wonld  not  hare  made  hb 
memorie  worse  than  a  broker^ $  shop,  full  only 
of  the  eoMt  tkmnet  of  times  past." 

Read  the  word  courtier^  therefore,  ia 
iu  true  accepution  io  the  third  line 
of  the  qooution,  and  coiir/tfr,t  signi- 
fying a  (*roker,  in  the  eighth,  and  the 
passage  so  elaborately  commented  upoo 
by  the  liierati,  le  tbe  disperagemeot 
of  our  imoaortal  Dramatist,  will  be 
manifest  to  the  meanest  capacity. 

Tbe  humour  of  the  scene  is,  mofe- 
over,  heighiencd  by  the  iotfoductioD 
of  another  character.  H.  B. 

Mr.  Urban,  Jiiii^  26. 

WITH   retpeet    to  the  prismatic 
stones  in  the  Whaplode  Chttrch 
yard  (engraved  in  your  last  Supplement, 


p.  690),  I  have  met  with  a  pesaage  io 
Kellett*sTricceniumCbristi,  which  in- 
duces me  to  think,  that  the  circle  end 
saltire  at  the  head  of  the  stone  con- 
tain ing    the    compound    figure,  (pio- 
iioonced  by  your  corretponoeot  £.l.C. 
p.  204,  to  be  a  thunderbolt,)  was  in> 
tended  to  represent  the  panis  decoa- 
satus,   or   consecrated    wafer   of  the 
Romish  Church.    The  passage  is  aa 
follows :  "  The  form  of  the  pania  d&- 
cussatus,  or  bread  made  in  likenesae  to 
a  crosse  or  au  X,  was  in  this  wise,  aa 
Baronius  hath  it,  from  the  old  monu- 
menu  vet  to  be  seen.     [Here  the  crota 
and  aaltire  are  drawn  exactly  similar 
to  the  figure  under  our  consiaeratioa.j 
lliat  the  good  Christians  made  a  reli* 
^ioiis  use  of  this  forme,  because  it  did 
in  some  sort  resemble  a  crosse,  Gre- 
gory proveth,  Dialogorum,  i.  1 1.  Yea, 
even  the  unleavened  bread,  of  which 
the^  made  the  Eucharist,  was  by  the 
ancients  framed  to  such  a  quadrangular 
forme  in  a  circle,  whoae  paru  being 
divided  bv  breaking,  were  ealled  mor- 
sels; and  the  crosse   not  only  atood 
upon    the  altar,    which  Chryaostom 
avoucheth,  but  was  also  drawn  upon 
the  Euchariat :  and  afterward,  on  tbe 
ume  mysticall  bread,  Christ  crticified 
was  formed."  p.  621. 

G.O. 

Mr  TT»»Air     Theobalds  Grove, fFaU 
Mr.  Urban,      ^^^^  ^^^^  ^^^^^ 

THE  whole  supentructure  of  sci- 
ence is  rearea  by  that  procesa  of 
the  intellect  which  groups  ideas  into 

Eineral  and  apecial  asaemblagea,  by 
ying  hold  ot  those  points  of  oorrca- 
pondence  which  result  from  a  mea- 
sured participation  of  common  ele- 
menta: 


*  Vide  Cotgrave— cDMffifr,  a  broker — 
horse  tconrer — meeeengcr. 

t  The  French  word  Frifi/eTt  a  dealer  in 
cast  apiwrcl,  was  not  then,  I  iaiagite,  in 
general  inc. 


Niminm  <|iiiamnltaBMidie 
MaltarwB  rerum  in  rsbas  prinordjai 
Sunt,  ideo  variae  varia  its  rebus  aloatar, 

Ijicrseiitf,  Hb,  I,  814. 

The  mind  in  thb  procedure  follow- 
ing those  iracea  which  are  delineated 
upon  the  face  of  nature,  is  led  by  tbe 
tyranny  of  costom  to  frame  expecta- 
tions of,  and  to  feel  pleaaore  in  the  or- 
der and  arrangement  of  the  mater^ 
system.  By  an  application  of  a  princi- 
ple derived  from  tne  gratification  thai 
IS  felt  in  the  recurrent  periods  of  ditcct 
and  oblique  similitodea,  I  would  ac- 
count for  our  delight  in  the  measured 
cadence  of  rhythmical  progression  in 
Greek  and  LAtiu  verte,  the  melodious 


598      Hdrrew  Poeiry.^^Mn.  Jordan*t  Epitaph  at  Si.  Cloud.    Ivol,  c. 


chiming  of  responsive  sound  borrowed 
from  the  Arabic  and  Pro\'en9aI,  and  in 
the  replication  of  proportionate  mean- 
ing, which  is  one  of  the  requisites  in 
Hebrew  poesy.  We  might  here  notice 
a  certain  relation  between  parallism 
and  rhyme;  fores  in  the  latter  the  final 
sound  is  partially  echoed  at  stated  in- 
tervals, so  in  the  former  we  have  a  re- 
turn of  similar  sense  in  each  alternate 
hemistich. 

In  Greek  and  Latin  versification  we 
make  use  of  certain  revolving  measures 
of  duration ;  in  the  Hebrew  we  are 
delighted,  in  the  room  of  time,  with 
the  returning  affinities  of  sentiment. 
For  we  observe,  that  when  the  under- 
standing, by  applying  the  curious  de- 
vices of  art,  adds  order  to  the  pathetic 
enchantments  of  moving  beauty,  the 
resulting  sentimental  pleasure  is  indefi- 
nitely multiplied,  so  that  the  inferior 
passions  being  harmonized,  the  mind  is 
put  into  a  suitable  fitness  for  the  recep- 
tion of  sober  discipline.  Hence,  though 
the  Spirit  of  Wisdom  will  not  compro- 
mise the  matter  with  the  obstinate  and 
malignant  part  of  our  nature,  yet  in 
condescending  compassion  to  our  inci- 
dental, or,  if  you  please,  necessary  in- 
firmities, he  has  vouchsafed  to  use  the 
allurements  of  studied  perfection,  that 
we  might  be  instructed. 

Reading,  while  at  the  Sandwich 
Islands,  a  critical  notice  of  Mr.  Jebb's 
work  on  the  poetry  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment in  a  certain  periodical,  and  turn- 
ing over  the  pages  of  this  part  of  the 
sacred  volume  to  see  what  other  sam- 
ples might  be  met  with  besides  those 
already  adduced,  it  occurred  to  me  that 
the  parable  of  Lazarus  was  capable  of 
a  poetical  resolution,  admitting  that 
one  of  the  essentials  of  Hebrew  poetry 
consists  in  certain  proportions  of  sense 
instead  of  definite  measures  of  quan- 
tity ;  and  I  am  inclined  to  think  that 
the  diligent  reader,  after  perusing  the 
following  analysis,  will  coincide  with 
me  in  this  opinion. 

Their  opposite  conditions  in  the  vi- 
sible world,  placed  in  counterview,  and 
forming  what  maj  be  called  an  Inverse 
Analogy— <  the  rich  man  taking  the 
precedence : 

There  was  a  certain 

There  was  a  certain  beggar, named  Laza- 
rich  mao,  &c.  which  rut,  which  was  laid  at 
was  clothed  in  purple  hbgate  full  of  tores, 
and  fine  linen,  and  and  desiring  to  be 
fared  tumptuoutly  fed  with  the  crambt 

every  day.  wh^ch  fell  from  the 

rich  man't  table. 


Their  respective  conditions  at  death 
inverted  —  the  poor  man  taking  the 
precedence : 

And  it  came  to  past 

that  the  beggar  died.     The  rich  man  alao 
And  was  carried  by  the         died, 

angelt  into  And  wat  buried. 

Abraham't  bosom. 

Their  different  conditions  in  the  un- 
seen world,  contrasted  with  the  man- 
ner in  which  they  fared  in  the  visible 
world,  may  be  ranged  in  the  following 
summary : 

J)ivet  now  cravet  a  drop  of  cod  water. 
Who  in  thit  world  tasted  life's  choiotatfiMst  i 
But  Lazarus,  who  once  begged  a  piece  of 

bread. 
Now  at  a  heavenly  banquet  reclines  on  Abra- 

ham't  botom. 

At  Lazarut,  when  laid  at  the  gtt%,  full  of 

toret. 
Once  lifted  up  hit  eyes  towards  the  goodly 

dwelling  of  Dives, 
So  Divet,  now  laid  in  a  nether  region,  full 

of  torrow. 
Lifts  up  his  eyes  towards  the  blessed  abodes 

of  Lazarus. 

The  reply  of  Abraham  forms  a  te- 
trastich ot  alternating  parallbm : 

But  Abraham  said.  Son,  remember  that 
In  thy  lifetime  thou  reosivest  thy  good 

■  things. 
And  Lazarut  his  evil  things; 
But  now  he  is  comforted. 
And  thou  art  tormented. 

G.  Tradkscavt  Lat. 

Mr.  Ukban,  •    June  fiO. 

AS  your  publication  has  often  been 
made  the  record  of  departed  me- 
rit, I  have  sent  you  a  copy  of  the  epi- 
taph on  Mrs.  Jordan,  as  it  now  ap- 
pears in  the  buryiog-ground  at  the  top 
of  the  town  of  St.  Cloud,  where  thn 
once  fascinating  actress  is  interred. 

'*  Memorim  Saerom  Dorothea  Jokimh, 
qusB  per  roukos  aoBos  Loodini,  iaqot  aliu 
Britaonise  urbibos,  seenam  egregi^  omaviu 

**  Lepore  oomico,  vocis  soavitate,  poella- 
rum  hilarium  alteriusque  sexus  moribus  ha- 
bitu  imitandis  nulli  secunda ;  ad  exercendam 
eamque  dom  feliciter  versata  est  arten, 
ut  res  egeaornm  adversaa  suUtvaril 
pmmptior. 

«  E  vitA  txiit  S*  Donas  Julii  1816» 
Data  50 ;  mementote,  lugete." 

The  stone  is  in  an  horiiootal  poai- 
tioo,  sloping  at  the  feel,  apparenilj 
from  the  ground  giving  way. 

Your's,  &c.        Observator. 


PART  I.]  Li/i  and  ff'rUitigt  of  Christopher  Marlowe. 


693 


LlFB    AMD   WriTIVOS    OF  CURISTO- 

PHSR  Marlowe. 

(Vanduded  from  p.  SI  S.J 

2.  Doctor  Faustus,  l604. 

THIS  trage<lj  was  nriginallj  rrpre- 
tentrd  about  IdQC),  and  long  coii* 
tinued  to  be  a  t)opular  |)er  forma  nee,  re* 
taining  possession  of  the  stage  lill  to- 
wards the  close  of  the  1 71b  century. 
Phillips  (Thtratr.  Poeiar.)  says  that  it 
"  made  more  noi»c  than  any  of  Mar- 
lowe's playji."  There  ore  five  old  edi- 
tions, all  of  which  hare  in  the  title 
page  a  rude  wood -cut,  depicting  Faus- 
lus  raising  a  deril.  'l*he  most  recent  of 
them,  dated  1 663,  is  of  no  aiiihoriiy, 
lieing  carelessly  printed,  and  interpo- 
lated with  passages  from  "The  Jew  of 
Malta  ;**  but  variations  from  the  original 
text  had  apparently  been  made  before, 
since  in  the  accounts  kept  by  Philip 
Heoslowe,  proprietor  of  the  Rose  The- 
atre, the  following  item  occurs : 

"  Lent  onto  the  Conpaay,  tbe  99  of  no- 
vetnber,  1€09,  to  p«j  onto  Wm.  BirHe  and 
Samuel  Rowley,  for  tneir  adyeioot  in  Docter 
Fostes,  tbe  tooM  of  iiii  lb.'* 

The  latest  alteration  of  the  piece  was 
made  by  Mountfort  the  player,  and 
acted  at  the  Theatre  in  Dorset  Gardens ; 
n  contemptible  pro<luction,  in  which 
llarlrqtiin  and  Scaramouch  are  the 
principal  performers;  and  at  the  con- 
clusion, after  Faustus  has  been  torn 
asunder  by  the  devils,  his  limbs  reunite, 
and  he  joim  the  other  personages  of  the 
drama  in  •  jig. 

The  beauties  of  thi^  play  have  been 
e1o()uently  expatiated  upon  nynumeroos 
writere,and  though  defective  as  a  whole, 
it  certainly  merits  all  the  praise  it  has 
received.  Some  exquisitely  poetical 
passaset  might  be  selected  from  it,  et- 
pecially  the  apostrophe  of  Faustus  to 
the  shade  of  Helen,  with  his  last  impas- 
sioned soliloquy  of  agony  and  despair, 
which  is  sur|>assed  by  nothing  in  the 
whole  circle  of  the  English  Drama, 
and  cannot  fail  to  excite  in  the  reader 
a  thrill  of  horror,  mingled  with  pity  for 
the  miserable  sufferer.  The  appearance 
of  the  devils  in  this  scene,  to  bear  away 
their  victim,  seems  to  have  shocked 
many  persons,  at  bordering  upon  pro- 
fanity ;  and  amoog  the  relaters  of  mar- 
vels, there  was  long  current  a  story, 
that  upon  a  certain  occasion  Satan  ac- 
tually made  one  of  the  party,  with  con- 
sequences very  fearful  to  those  who  had 

Gent.  Mao.  Supply  C.  Part  I. 

c 


aiaomed  his  shape.  AlIeynythefoQiidcr 
of  Didwich  College,  tvas  the  original 
representative  of  Faustus,  and  if  1  mis- 
take not,  the  compilers  of  tlie  " 
graphical  Dictionary**  assert,  npon  1 
authoriiyor  other,  thai  hewashntarged 
to  that  pious  undertaking  by  those  ae> 
rious  reflrciions  which  the  occurrence 
alluded  to  very  naturally  excited.  This 
sirangetaleisthusmentionedinPrynne's 
"  Histrio-Mastix,"  l6iJ,  fol.  556: 

"  The  vUilile  apparition  of  j*  Devil  ap- 
peared on  y*  stag**  at  the  BeUavaga  Pby* 
uouM,  in  Queene  Elixabeth's  dayes,  to  tM 
great  amazement  both  of  the  acton  aad 
•uectators,  wliiles  tliey  proplianely  playing 
the  History  of  Doctor  Faustus  ;  (this  truth  oC 
wbicli  I  have  heard  from  a»aoy  now  aliva, 
who  well  remember  it)  there  heiog  eoma  dis- 
tracted with  tliat  fearefolt  •ight." 

It  seems  to  be  again  alluded  to  in 
"The  niacke  Rooke,"  l604,  b.  I. 
printed  by  T.  C.  for  JeiTrey  Charlton : 

*'  Tlien,  anotlierdoore  opening rere-waid, 
tliere  came  puffing  oot  off  tba  next  room  a 
vilUinout  Laiftenaat,  without  a  band,  as  if 
he  had  been  new  cat  downe,  like  ona  at 
Wapping,  witli  his  cruell  garters  about  hia 
necke,  which  filthily  resembled  two  of  D*^ 
rick's  necklaces.  Hee  had  a  head  of  hayra 
like  one  of  the  Dinells  in  Doder  FausiatSp 
when  the  olde  theater  erackt,  aad  fi%hlad 
tbe  aodieoca." 

3.  Edward  tub  Srcond,  I5g8. 
Viewed  as  a  whole,  this  is  by  far  the 

best  of  Marlowe's  pl«yt.  The  charac- 
ter of  Edward  is  admirably  drawn  ;  hia 
infatuated  attachment  to  nis  worthlc» 
minions,  his  imbecility,  his  indecision, 
his  bursts  of  passion,  his  arrogance  in 
prosperity  and  abject  prostration  in  ad* 
versity,  are  severally  aepicted  with  an 
adherence  to  nature  and  a  boldness  |»f 
colouring  which  impart  the  deepest  in- 
terest to  the  various  scenes,  arid  place 
Marlowe  in  the  first  class  of  dramatic 
writers.  The  picture  was  evidently  the 
prototype  of  Shakspeare'a  Richard  the 
Second,  with  which  it  roar  challenge 
comparison,  and  scarcely  oe  deemed 
inferior.  Mor timer ^  Jun.  aa  evidently 
gave  the  hint  for  Hoitpur. 

The  play  was  entered  on  the  Sta* 
tioners*  Rooks,  in  July,  1593»  and, 
printed  1 598.  There  are  two  other  old 
editions,  dated  I6IS  and  l63f. 

4.  Thb  Jbw  of  Malta,  l(S33. 
This  tragedy,  which,  after  a  tlnmber. 

of  almost  two  ceniories,  was  revived  aii 


594 


Life  and  h'riiings  of  Christopher  Marlome^'  [vol.  c. 


Drury  Lane  in  1818,  pdswttes  many 
beauties,  but  the  intereat  depends  too 
exclusiTely  upon  the  character  of  the 
Jew  ;  the  pbi  is  excessively  wikl  and 
improbable,  nor  can  the  charms  of  the 
language  compensate  for  the  extrava- 
gance of  the  incidents,  in  contriving 
which  the  author  seems  to  have  thought 
it  ihe  perfection  of  skill  to  accumulate 
horror  upon  horror.  The  play  was  coolly 
received  on  its  reproduction  in  1818, 
and  soon  laid  aside. 

The  character  of  Barahbas,  an  origi- 
nal and  vigorous  conception,  no  doubt 
suggested  to  Shakspeare  that  o(  Shy  leek, 
and  both  were  designed  to  fall  in  with 
and  humour  the  popular  prejudices 
against  Jews,  which  in  Elizabeth's  days 
raged  in  an  extravagant  manner.  Al- 
leyn,  who  was  greatly  celebrated  for  his 
performance  of  Barahbas, wsa  doubtless 
the  original  representative.  To  render 
the  appearance  of  the  Israelite  more 
hideous,  he  was  equipped  with  a  huge 
fiilse  nose,  which,  as  appears  from  va- 
rious passages  in  old  plays,  was  the  cus- 
tomary decoration  of  usurers  upon  the 
stage.  To  this,  Ithamore,  his  servant, 
a)ludes,when  he  says  (act  2),  "  O  brave 
master !  1  worship  thy  nose  for  this ; " 
and  again,  (act  3),  "  1  have  the  bravest, 
gravest,  secret,  subtle,  hotlU^nostd 
knave  for  my  master,  that  ever  gentle- 
man had/*  A  play  in  a  similar  taste 
apparently  preceded  that  of  Marlowe, 
smceGosson,in  his*' School  of  Abuse,** 
A 579*  remarks,  **  The  Jew  shown  at 
the  Bull  represents  the  greediness  of 
worldly  choosers,andthe  bloody  mindes 
of  vsvrers.** 

The  Jew  of  Malta  was  performed  at 
the  Rose  Theatre,  Bankside,  159 1,  ^^^ 
was  entered  on  the  Stationers*  Books, 
for  publication.  May  17,  1^94,  but,  as 
no  edition  has  occurred  of  an  earlier 
date  than  lf)33,  (when  it  was  per- 
formed at  court,  and  put  forth  with  a 
prologue,  epilogue,  and  dedication, 
written  by  Thomas  Heywood),  it  has 
been  presumed,  somewhat  hastily  I 
think,  that  this  was  the  earliest.  The 
grounds  for  the  supposition  are,  howe- 
ver, by  no  means  conclusive,  for  it  is 
pretty  certain  that  impressions  of  many 
old  dramas  (which  were  not,  perhaps, 
very  extensive,)  have  entirely  perished ; 
and  indeed,  Heywood's  wordtf  in  the 
dedication,  though  somewhat  eouivo- 
cal,  may  serve  to  strengthen  a  belief 
that  the  edition  of  l633  was  not  the 
ftrst.  He  says,  ••  this  play,  being  newly 
brought  io  iheprcis,  1  was  loth  it  bhuuld 


be  published  without  the  ornament  of 
an  epistle;'*  by  which  he  may  be  un- 
derstood to  mean,  either  that  it  was 
then  reprinted,  or  printed  for  the  first 
time,  as  best  falls  in  with  the  theory 
and  prepossessions  of  the  reader  on  the 
subject. 

5.  The  Massacre  at  Paris,  v.  d. 

This  is  a  piece  of  much  brevity  and 
little  merit,  evidently  put  together  with 
the  mere  view  of  drawing  together  a 
few  audiences,  whilst  the  event  which 
it  celebrated  was  still  of  sufficiently  re* 
cent  occurrence  to  render  the  title  a 
taking  one;  but,  being  thickly  inter- 
spersed with  invectives  against  ropery, 
compliments  to  Queen  Eliiabeth,  and 
other  clap-traps,  it  was  probably  mucli 
relished  and  applauded  by  our  ancestor* 
of  the  l6th  century.  The  date  of  ita 
ftrst  performance  has  not  been  ascer- 
tained ;  but  Henslowe,  the  nunager^ 
mentions  in  his  account-book  the  re- 
ceipts on  the  30th  of  January,  1592, 
at  the  "  Trapedye  of  the  Guyes,'*  which 
was  probably  this  play.  There  is  but 
oi»e  old  edition,  and  that  is  undated, 
but  was  apparently  printed  circa  l600. 
The  Duke  of  Roxburgh's  copy  was 
purchased  by  Mr.  Heber,  for  four 
guineas. 

6.  Lu8T*8  Dominion*  i657* 

This  tragedy  was  first  printed  in 
1657,  by  one  Francis  Kirkman,  (who 
became  a  great  publisher  of  plays  after 
the  Restoration),  bein^  drawn  forth 
probably  by  tht^ necessities  which  at 
that  period  pressed  hard  upon  all  those 
who  had  in  any  way  derived  their  sup- 
port from  the  theatres  before  their  sup- 
pression. It  is  said  in  the  title-page  to 
have  been  written  by  *'  Christopher 
Marloe,  Gent."  and  was  always  re- 
ceived as  his,  until  the  appearance  of 
the  recent  edition  of  Dodsley's  Old 
Plays,  1825,  in  the  2d  vol.  of  which 
some  circumstances  are  pointed  out, 
tending  decisively  to  prove  that  it  must 
have  been  written  subsequent  to  Mar- 
lowe's death.  In  connection  with  this 
point,  it  is  worthy  of  remark,  that  iu 
the  library  of  Mr.Field,  sold  by  Sotheby 
in  Jan.  I827f  lot  292  was  *'  Lust's  Do- 
minion," 1657,  without  Marlmoe'M 
name  as  ihe  author,  and  having  three 
commendatory  poems  addressed  to  the 
publisher,  which  I  have  not  observed 
in  any  other  copy.  The  truth  possibly 
is,  thai  Mr.  Kirkman,  finding  the  sale 


PART  1.]         Lift  amd  fVriimgi  of  Chrittoptur  Marhw0. 


5M 


but  dull,  strove  to  enliven  it  by  gracing 
hit  title-page  with  a  popular  oame,  and 
was  not  verj  particular  about  the  one 
he  selected.  There  is  another  edition 
of  the  play,  dated  1671. 

The  forcible  simplicity  of  thought 
and  diction  by  which  **  Edward  the 
Second/*  "The  Jew  of  Malu,"  and 
*'  Doctor  Famtns,**  are  disiinguished, 
will  be  sought  for  in  vain  in  the  scenes 
of  "  Luti's  Dominion  ;**  and,  with  the 
exception  of  a  few  occasional  passages, 
the  whole  may  be  briefly  but  correctly 
characterised  as 

*'  a  bonbMt  circumsUDce* 
«  Honibly  sUdTd  with  cpiibeU  of  wsr." 

An  alteration  of  the  piece  by  that  in- 
genious personage,  Mrs.  Aphra  Behn, 
was  performed  at  the  Duke*s  llieatre 
in  1677,  and  again,  by  the  Drury  Lane 
Company,  in  1695  ;  out,  accoraing  to 
Gibber,  without  producing  any  profits. 
Mrs.  Behn,  in  fact,  mereK[  renoered  a 
Qiiddling^pUy  still  more  indifierent,  add* 
ing  nothmg  to  the  interest  of  the  plot, 
and  heightening  the  faults  of  the  Ian* 
guage.  To  th<Me  who  are  ac<)uainied 
with  the  warm  temperament  which 
this  lady's  dramas  constantly  betray,  it 
will  be  needless  to  mention  that  when- 
ever the  original  presented  a  voluptuous 
description,  she  was  extremely  careful 
to  heighten  its  colouring. 

7.  Tamborlainb  thk  Great,  two 
parts,  1590. 

This  play  was  performed  so  early  as 
168B,(perha|>s  earlier),  and  was  entered 
on  the  Stationers'  books,  in  15gO,  as 
follows :  • 

<'  To  Richard  JoNff.]— Twoa  Gmnical 
Ditcourtet  uf  Tsmberltia,  the  Cythiae 
Sh«ppMde." 

The  epithet  "  comical**  related  pro- 
bably to  the  extemporal  performances 
of  the  Clown,  which  were  introduced 
between  the  acts.  In  the  same  taste, 
the  old  play  of  "  King  Cambyses"  ia 
styled  **  A  LamentableTragcdie,  mixed 
full  of  pleasant  mirth.*'  "  Tambur- 
laine"  was  first  printed  in  1590,  "  by 
Richard  I  hones,  at  the  eigne  of  the  Rose 
and  Crowne,  neere  Holhorne  Bridge  ;*' 
a  second  edition  followed  in  1593,  and  a 
third  in  !605-6,allof  them  in  black  letter. 
It  seems  10  have  been  a  great  favourite 
of  the  rude  audiences  before  whom  it 
was  originally  presented,  since  llen- 
s1owe*s  account- books  shew  that  be- 
tween June  I5<)4  and  July  1596,  it  was 
re|>eaied  more  frequently  than  any  other 


play  mentioned  in  his  Hsti  and  sixty 
years  after,  in  Gayton*s  *'  Fcstivoot 
Notes  on  I>on  Quixote,*'  1 6^4,  p.  97U 
it  is  said, 

**  I  Hmts  known  epea  one  of  the  fcsriisls, 
but  especially  at  Shrovetide,  vheo  the  play* 
ers  have  been  appointed,  notwithstanding 
their  bils  to  tlia  contrary,  to  act  whst  the 
najor  part  of  the  company  had  a  mind  to  | 
sometimes  TaoMrlane,  sometimes  Jugurth, 
and  sometimes  The  Jew  of  Malta." 

The  growth  of  a  more  refined  taste, 
however,  rendered  by  degrees  its  bom- 
bast and  bluster  less  attractive;  and 
when  Davenant  wrote  his  "  Playhouse 
to  be  1^1,**  the  memory  of  its  glories 
was  all  that  remained.  In  that  drama 
the  player  says  to  the  |K>et, 

**  There*!  an  old  tradition. 
That  in  the  timet  of  mighty  *  Tambarlalne,' 
Of  conjuring  •  Faostas/aad  the '  Beauehaosps 

bolit,' 
Yon  poets  at'd  to  have  the  seeond  day." 

A  few  years  after,  it  was  almost  to- 
tally forgotten.  In  1 68 1 » a  piece  called 
"  Tamerlane"  was  produced  by  one 
Sanders,  who,  being  accused  of  plagia- 
rism, thiu  defended  himself  from  the 
charge,  in  his  preface : 

**  I  testify  that  I  never  heaid  of  any  play 
•a  the  same  svljeoS,  until  my  own  waa 
aetedi  neither  hava  I  aeea  hi  though  it 
hath  been  told  me  tliere  is  a  eoekpit  play^ 
goioe  under  the  name  of  <  The  Sejrthian 
Shepnerd;  or,  Tamboriaine  the  Chrenct' 
which,  how  good  it  it,  any  one  may  JuHm 
by  its  obaenrity ;  being  a  thing  not  a  booS" 
teller  in  London,  or  searce  the  plsyers  theS'' 
selves,  who  acted  it  forraerJy»  coiild  eall  to 
remembrance ;  so  far,  that  I  believe  thaSv 
whoever  was  the  aotbor,  he  might  e*ea  kera 
it  to  hJnuelfy  firee  from  invasion  or  ph^pary. 

In  the  £nistle  Dedicatory,  pre6x«i  im 
*'Tamburlaine'*  by  the  bookaellcr, 
fomitted  in  the  recent  edition  of  Mar* 
lowe,  as  well  as  that  to  die  "  Hero  and 
Leander,'*^  there  is  an  allusion  10  the 
extemporal  witticisms  aiMl  antics  which 
at  that  period  it  was  customary  for  \\m 
clowns  to  introduce  between  the  acts. 

««  I  have  p«rpe|(ielvi**  he  says,  •* 
WMBS  fond  and  frivoioos  geitigia,  ( 
ing,  and,  in  my  poor  opiaiont  hr 
for  the  matter,)  which  1  shoufbt  asighs 
seem  more  tedious  unto  the  wise,  than  any 
way  else  to  be  rupirdadt  tbos^gh,  haulyy 
ihiy  have  been  of  soese  vain  cwiesited 
fondlings  greatly  gaped  at*  what  tisM  tfaaf 
were  sbe««d  apoa  the  tt^  in  their  grscad 
defivmities.  Nevertlieless,  now  10  be  »is<- 
tured  in  print  with  tuch  matter  of  wMthy  is 
would  prove  a  great  diagrsce  to  ao  hoaonia- 
Ue  and  ttalely  a  history." 


596 


Life  and  Writings  of  Christopher  Marlowe. 


[vol.  c. 


A  curious  illustration  of  this  passage 
cxxars  in  Bishop  Hall's  **  Virgidemia- 
rum/*  1597,  where,  satirising  the  dra- 
matists of  his  day,  he  notices  the  per- 
formance of  this  very  tragedy,  in  the 
following  terms : 

**  One,  higher  pitch'd«  doth  set  his  soaring 
thought  [brought ; 

Oa  crowned  kings,  that  fortune  luir  hath 
Or  iome  upreared,  high-aspiring  swaine  ; 
yfs  it  might  be  the  Turkish  Tamburlaine, 
Thtfn  weeneih  he  bis  base,  drink- drowned 

sprite, 
Rapt  to  the  threefold  loft  of  heaven's  height, 
Wben  be  conceives  upon  bis  faigned  stage 
The  stalking  steps  of  bis  great  p«'rsonage. 
Graced  with  huff-cap  terms  and  thundering 

threats. 
That  his  poor  hearers*  hair  quite  upright  sets,** 

♦  •  •  •  • 

**  Now,  lest  such  frightful  shows  of  fortune's 

(all, 
And  bloody  tyrant's  rage,  shcmld  chance  apall 
The  dead-»truck  audience,  *midst  the  sUejit 

rout 
Comes  ieaping  in  a  self-mvformed  lnit% 
And  laughs,  and  grins,  and  frames  his  mimick 

face. 
And  jastles  straight  into  the  Prince's  place. 
Then  doth  the  theatre  echo  all  aloud 
With  gladsome  noise  of  that  applauding  crowd. 
A  goodly  hotch-potch,  wben  vile  russetings 
Are  roatcfa'd  with  monarcbs,  and  with  mighty 

kings  ! 
A  goodly  grace  to  sober  tragic  muse, 
When  each  base  clown  bis  clumbsy  fist  doth 

bruise,* 
And  shew  his  teeth  in  double  rotten  row. 
For  Uugbter  at  his  self-resembled  show  I" 

The  name  of  the  author  does  not 
appear  m  ihe  title-page  of  any  of  the 
old  copies^  and  this  has  been  thought 
to  render  Marlowe's  claim  to  the  piece 
somewhat  doubtful,  since  all  the  plays 
which  are  unquestionably  his,  have 
either  his  name,  or  the  initials  of  his 
name,  prefixed  ;  and  the  booksellers,  it 
niighc  be  supposed,  had  it  been  really 
his  composition,  would  naturally  have 
been  glad  to  enhance  its  attractions, 
by  announcing  it  as  the  composition  of 
to  popular  an  author.  W  hat  tended  to 
strengthen  the  suspicion  that  Marlowe 

•  **  That  is  (says  Warton)  in  stHkiog  the 
benches,  to  express  applause  ;"  but  lie  should 
have  recollected  that  the  "  base  downs/' 
or  **  groundlings,*'  in  our  old  theatres,  bad 
no  benches  to  strike  ;  and  if  they  bad,  it  is 
by  no  means  ciear  that  they  would  have 
knocked  their  fists  to  pieces  a^rainst  tliem. 
Hall  simply  means  that  they  clapped  their 
hands  lustily  together,  io  token  of  appro- 
bation. 


did  not  write  the  play,  was  the  cir- 
cumstance of  its  having  been  attacked 
by  his  friend  Greene,  who  in  his  **  Pe- 
rimides  the  Blacksmith,"  1588,  sneers 
at  its  bombastic  blank- verse,  of  tvhich, 
he  says,  "  everie  word  fills  the  mouth, 
like  the  faburden  of  Bo-bell."  These 
presumptions,  however,  had  heretofore 
little  weight,  in  opposition  to  a  passage 
in  Thos.  Hey  wood's  prologue  to  the 
"  Jew  of  Malta,"  on  iu  revi%'al  io 
1633,  which  was  always  thought  une- 
quivocally to  point  out  Marlowe  as  the 
writer  or  "  Tamburlaine."  It  runs 
thus : 

**  We  know  not  how  our  play  may  pats  this 

stage, 
But  by  the  I)est  of  poetsf  iu  that  age 
The  Malta  Jew  luul  being,  and  wat  made ; 
And  be  then  by  the  best  of  actors^  play'd. 
Jn  *  Hero  and  Lea^uier  *  one  did  gain 
A  lasting  memory,  in  *  Tamburkuw/ 
This  *  JeWf*  and  others  many :  Ih*  other  tcan 
The  attribute  of  peerless,  being  a  dmo 
Whom  we  may  rank  with  (doing  no  ona 

wrong) 
Proteut  for  thapet,  andRotcint  fur  a  tongue." 

Thit  passage,  thus  pointed,  hat  al* 
%vays  been  considered  decisive  of  the 
question,  since  Hey  wood  unquestiooa- 
uly  possessed  accurate  information  upoa 
the  subiect  he  wrote  of.  The  recent 
editor  of  Marlowe  has,  howe^'er,  placed  - 
the  matter  in  a  new  light,  by  what  ap- 
pears to  me  a  very  happy  conjectural 
emendation.  He  observes,  "  the  words 
in  italics  may  with  equal  if  not  greater 
propriety,  be  read  in  this  way : 

"  la  *  Hero  and  Laaoder'  one  did  gaia 
A  lasting  memory.:  in  '  Tamburlaiae,' 
Tliis  '  Jew,'  with  others  many,  th'  other  waa 
The  attribute  of  peerleu." 

**  In  the  words  of  the  writer,  one  madf 
and  tlie  other  play*d  the  Jew  ;  and  therefore, 
as  fiir  as  relates  to  the  '  Jew  of  Malta,'  the 
latter  part  of  the  sentence  may  be  applied 
either  to  Marlowe  or  to  Alleyn ;  and  iu  like 
manner,  what  i«  said  of '  Tamburlaine,'  may, 
independently  of  other  evidence,  be  applied 
either  to  the  author  or  the  actor.  It  may 
be  added,  that  tba  intention  of  Heywood 
was  to  itlustrata  bit  praise  by  citing  exaot- 
ples  of  those  things  in  which  the  objecU  of 
his  eulogtum  had  gained  reputation,  aa, 
that  Marlowe  waa  frmous  for  the  poaflt  of 
'  Hero  and  Leander,'  and  Allen  in  the  oba- 
ractert  of  Tamburlaine  and  the  Jew.  It  may 
farther  be  urged  that  the  w(»rds '  with  others 
many'  are  much  more  applicable  to  Alleyo, 
whose  characters  were  numeroui,  than  to 
Marlowe,    whose   compositions  were  few; 


t  Marlowe. 


:  Alleyn. 


PART   1*3 


MorfoiDe.— AfliUjf  of  BemhiMt. 


wr 


.,  this  fHKliag  MMM  mora  likely  to 
Imv  bcM  Um  Mlwnl  onUr  of  (be  port's 
tlioaghu  ■>•  vat  etlebnoed  io  *  Htro  ami 
LMad«r/tlMoth«ria<TambttrUio«.'  Tho 
coofiMMM  turn  fntm  both  beiog  awoc'atcJ 
»iUith««J««ofMdta.'" 

This  rcuooiog  itrikct  me  at  being 
most  plausible  and  convincing;  jret, 
after  allowing  it  all  the  praise  due  to 
its  ingenuity,  the  question  at  to  the 
authorship  of  "  Tamhurlaine  *'  is  still 
doubtful ;  for  though  the  passage  from 
Heywood's  Prologue  can  no  longer,  I 
think, be  understood  expreuly  to  ascribe 
it  to  Marlowe*  it  on  the  other  hand 
contains  no  denial  of  its  being  his. 
The  point  therefore  remains  to  be 
•etilcd;  but,  for  my  own  part,  after 
again  attentively  perusing  the  play, 
comparing  the  style  with  that  of  Mar- 
lowe's acknowledged  productions,  and 
carefully  weighing  the  evidence  jn'o 
and  cam,  I  aui  inclined  to  believe  that 
he  was  no/  the  author. 

They  who  think  otherwise,  and  dis- 
sent alto  from  my  theory  at  to  Mar- 
Idwe's  moral  character,  will  perhaps  be 
strtogtbened  in  their  opinions  by  a 
passage  in  Suckling's  '*  Goblins.'*  The 
poet  of  that  drama,  who  has  been  per- 
suaded to  believe  that  he  is  in  the  in- 
fernal regiont.  enooires  whether  he 
can  be  sliewn  "  the  autlior  of  the 
Spanish  romance,   '  Querer  per  solo 

8uerer  ;*'  or  he  that  made  the  '  Fairy 
ueeo?"' 

**\tiTlarf.  No,Booeof  tbesat  tlMyare 
by  ihwasalvas  in  lAe  olAer  place.  But  Mft't 
he  that  wtit  'Taaarlaae/ 

'*  A«er.  I  bttcteh  yoo,  briag  ■#  to  hiss. 
Ther's  sottcthiofc  ia  uis  seme  betwixt  the 
Ettptrnrs  a  IHtk  doadj  j  I  wooU  rasolvt 
nyself." 

The  insiooation  conveyed  by  the 
four  words  I  have  put  in  iulics,  seems 
to  shew  that  Suckling  had  no  very 
favourable  opinion  of  the  author  of 
**  Tamburlane,'*  whoever  he  was. 

1  here  uke  my  leave  of  Marlowe  aiul 
hb  productions.  That  my  feeble  argo- 
nieou  will  suffice  wholly  to  wipe  from 
his  memory  the  stigma  with  which  for 
upwards  w  two  centuries  it  has  been 
branded,  I  cannot  so  far  flatter  myself 
as  to  siippOM.  Many,  after  examining 
the  question,  will  doubtless  remain 
unconvinced;  while  others,  without 
cnosideriog  it  at  all,  will  continue  to 
take  for  granted  the  current  tale  of  his 
enormities,  and  stedfastly  to  believe  that 

"  his  steep  aha 
Was,  TitoA-Uke,  on  dariog  doubt  to  pile 


Thooghu  wbiek  ahoold  eall  dovo  thunder 

aod  the  flaase  [vhile. 

Of  Heavea  agaia  aaaaUed,  if  Hsmm  Um 

On  naa  and  Ban's  reisarch  eould  de^  do 

more  than  smile." 

My  end,  however,  will  be  accom- 
plished, should  hot  some  few  be  in- 
duced to  pause  ere  they  condemn  him  ; 
and,  at  all  evenu,  the  facts  and  dates 
accumulated  in  these  papers,  which 
have  not  been  collected  without  some 
large  ex  pence  of  time  and  trouble, 
cannot  fail  to  be  of  serrice  to  any  one 
who  may  hereafter  be  engaged  in  a 
kindred  enquiry. 

Yours,  Sec.       Jamis  Bnouoirroir. 

Mr.  Urbam,  JprU. 

HAVING  fret|oently  experienced 
an  interest  m  the  fugitive  rem- 
nanu  of  aniiouarianism  with  which 
your  valuable  Magazine  often  supplies 
the  public  taste,  I  herewith  forward  for 
your  introduction  into  its  columns 
should  it  meet  with  your  approbation 
a  brief  memoir  of  the  Benlowes  family, 
a  name  not  apparentljr  to  me  altogether 
deserving  of  the  oblivion  into  which  it 
has  fallen.        Yours,  flrc.      J.  R.  B. 

Ne»iicet  qfthefawdUi  of  Beniaweg^/^^ 
merfy  of  Brtni  Bali,  FimeU^Hd, 
in  ike  coutUy  t^  Essex, 

Brent  Hall  is  pleasantly  situated  about 
half  a  mile  from  the  church,  on  the 
road  leading  to  Samford,  contiguous  to 
Spains  Hall,  the  residence  and  estate 
of  John  Rug||les  Brise,  Ban.  to  whom 
it  WM  sold,  in  1828,  bj  Sir  Francb 
Vincent,  Bart,  the  heir  of  the  estates  of 
the  Chiswell  family,  formerly  of  Deb- 
den  Hall,  in  the  same  county.  It  be- 
longed to  the  Elenlowes  family  so  early 
as  about  the  year  1550,  and  at  the  de- 
cease of  Christopher  Benlowes  de- 
scended to  his  son  William  Benlowes, 
Esq.  a  Roman  Catholic  gentleman, 
equallv  distinguished  by  his  piety  and 
munincence  to  the  poor,  who  wta  a 
member  of  Lincoln's  Inn,  and  for  a 
period  during  the  reign  of  Philip  and 
Mary,  solely  enioyed  the  rank  or  Ser- 
jeant-at-law in  his  profession ;  his  cha- 
ritable benefactions  during  his  lifeaiul 
under  his  will  were  numerous  and  con- 
siderable, to  the  poor  of  Halstead, 
Maplestrad,  Little  Hedingham,  of 
Booking  arid  Thaxtcad,  where  he  had 
a  house  for  his  occasional  residence,  of 
Finchingfield,  and  alto  of  Bardfield, 
where  he  aho  resided  io  t  home  called 


598 


FamUy  of  Benlowti  of  Es$eM. 


[vol.  c. 


the  Place.  lo  the  latter  village,  be- 
tides other  charities,  he  endowed  a 
school  for  the  education  of  poor  chil- 
dren; and  by  his  will,  he  erected  in 
the  church  thereof  a  chantry  for  the 
offering  of  prayer  for  the  souls  of 
King  Philip  and  Queen  Mary,  of 
Christopher  and  Elizabeth  Benlowes, 
his  father  and  mother,  and  for  the  souls 
of  the  fdunder  and  his  wife,  with  an 
eodowmenl  out  of  the  great  tithe  of 
Bard  field,  often  marks,  or  61.  \3s.  4d. 
annually.  He  departed  this  life  Nov. 
19,  1584,  and  together  with  his  second 
wife  (Eleanor,  daughter  of  Sir  Edward 
Palmer,  Knt.  of  Angmering,  Sussex, 
and  widow  of  John  Berners,  Esq.  of 
Petches,  in  Finchingfield),  was  inleired 
in  the  chancel  of  the  church  of  Great 
Bardfield,  where  a  monument  is  erected 
to  his  memory,  inscribed  with  a  copy 
of  Latin  verses  not  unworthy  the  atten- 
tion of  the  curious  traveller.  He  was 
succeeded  in  his  estates  at  Finching- 
field and  elsewhere,  together  with  the 
impropriated  tithe  and  advowson  of 
che  vicarage  of  Bard5eld,  by  his  son 
William  Benlowes,  Esq.  who  dying  in 
1613,  was  succeeded  by  his  grandson 
Edward  Benlowes,  son  of  his  eldest  son 
Andrew,  whom  he  had  survived. 

Edward  Benlowes,  Esq.  of  Brent 
Hall,  in  Finchingfield,  who  has  styled 
himself,  upon  some  occasion,  probably 
•during  the  civil  wars,  **  Turms  eques- 
iris  in  com.  Essex  praefectus,'*  was 
born  1602 ;  was  admitted  a  fellow- 
commoner  of  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
bridge, to  which  society  he  was  after- 
wards a  benefactor.  After  devoting 
some  time  to  foreign  travel  he  distin- 
guished himself  by  his  proficiency  in 
elegant  literature,  and  taste  for  sacred 
poetry,  in  which  he  was  intimately 
associated  with  consentient  contempo- 
raries of  literary  eminence,  with  Phi- 
neas  and  Giles  Fletcher,  the  former 
the  author  of  the  Purple  Island  ;  with 
Francis  Quarles,  author  of  the  Em- 
blems, and  other  poems,  which  share 
the  approbation  of  the  present  day; 
Derwent,  Payne,  and  Fisher,  are  also 
named  in  the  circle  of  his  literary 
acquaintance. 

Mr.  Benlowes  appears  to  have  fixed 
his  residence  for  some  time  at  Brent 
Hall,  from  which  place  he  dates  sonic 
complimentary  verges  to  his  friend 
Quarles,  prefixed  to  the  publication  of 
his  Emblems,  in  lf)34;  and  in  this 
retreat,  perhaps,  besides  other  efforts  of 
his  taste  and  imagination,  he  may  have 


written  his  sacred  poem  entitled 
"  Theophils,  or  Love's  Sacrifice,  • 
divine  poem,**  published  in  l669 ;  to 
which  is  prefixed  a  print  of  the  author  ; 
to  whom,  amongst  varioot  compli- 
mentary verses  introduced  at  the  be- 
ginning of  the  volume,  will  be  found 
some  lines  signed  **  T.  Beolowea/' 
There  is  likewise  prefixed  to  the  vo- 
lume of  the  poems  of  the  Fletchers, 
conies  of  verses  with  the  signatures  of 
*«  W.  Benlowes,*'  as  well  as  of  «*  E. 
Benlowes."  Although  T.  Benlowes 
and  VV.  Benlowes ,  who  participated 
in  the  same  taste  for  sacred  poesy,  may 
be  presumed  to  have  been  kindred  of 
Mr.  Edward  Benlowes,  memorialt 
have  failed  to  render  their  degrees  of 
consanguinity  apparent.  Negligence 
of  his  affairs,  perhaps  imprudence,  un- 
fortunately after  a  time  invohred  this 
gentleman  in  pecuniary  difficulties,  so 
thai  about  the  year  ldi54,  he  was  in- 
duced to  suffer  a  recovery,  in  order  to 
enable  him  to  alienate  his  family 
estates ;  to  which  deed  of  recovery  his 
niece  Philippa  Benlowes,  and  Walter 
Blount,  Esq.  of  Maple  Durham,  Ox- 
fordshire, afterwards  her  husband  (to 
whom  it  is  alleged  that  her  uncle  was 
inconsiderately  generous  on  their  mar- 
riage), were  parties  in  conjunction 
with  others  whose  names  are  recorded 
in  the  deeds.  Soon  after  the  sale  of 
Brent  Hall,  and  his  other  estates,  in 
1657*  Mr.  Benlowes  fixed  his  residence 
at  Oxford,  where,  after  subjecting 
himself  to  imprisonment  fordebuand 
engagements  in  which  he  had  involved, 
himself  for  others,  be  departed  this 
life  in  1686,  and  was  interred  in  the 
north  aisle  of  St.  Mary's  church,  when 
the  funeral  expences  were  paid  by  the 
contribution  of  seversi  scholars,  influ* 
enccd  by  compassion  for  his  misfor- 
tunes, or  a  respect  for  the  literary 
reputation  of  this  gentleman,  of  whose 
family  no  longer  any  other  vestiges 
than  those  of  former  beneficence  aie  to 
be  traced  in  the  neighbourhood  of  their 
ancient  patrimony.  There  is  said  to 
be  extant  a  portrait  in  the  gallery  of 
the  public  library  at  Oxford,  from 
which  perhaps  the  |)rint  is  taken  found 
prefixea  to  the  edition  of  Theophtle 
before  mentioned. 

The  armorial  bearings  of  the  family 
are :  Quarterly  indented  Gules  and  Or, 
a  bend  Or,  charged  with  a  cinquefoil 
between  two  martlets  Axure;  crest,  a 
centaur  with  bow  and  arrow  Or. 


P4BT  1.]  SUUt  €f  SUHgiom  in  Moldaoia  and  WalUMtu 


W9 


State  of  RBLroiow  i«  Moldavia 

AND  WaLLACHIA. 
fdmiinued  from  Jum  Magaxmt,) 

OATHS  in  the  public  are  tlic  com- 
yMMietilhing  ioiaginable;  when 
9  »uU  tfiieft,  and  ibe  fact  cannot  be 
proved,  a  tolcinn  atieataiioD  ia  de- 
manded by  the  judge  or  bv  the  partiea. 
Thetuiiort  go  logeibcr  to  the  catnedral, 
where  they  make  oath  before  a  priett, 
toDcbing  at  the  same  time  au  image  of 
the  Virgin.  The  perjured  party  be- 
comes excommunicated,  and  some  in- 
dividuals have  been  in  this  case  perhaps 
all  their  life,  and  the  priesu  have  for 
thai  reason  declared  them  vampires. 
To  deliver  the  poor  Wallachians  and 
Moldavians  from  this  terrible  calamity, 
the  Greek  patriarchs  have  made  use  of 
their  apostolical  authority,  by  granting 
the  faithful  a  plenary  indulgem;e,  ami 
the  removal  of  all  excommunications 
incurred,  whether  volunurily  or  invo- 
hiourily,  aa  well  as  the  remission  of 
offencct. 

The  patriarch  of  Jerusalem  came 
hitlierat  the  close  of  the  last  centory, 
to  visit  the  numerous  convents,  and  the 
property  which  supplied  his  ecclesiasii- 
cal  revenue ;  while  he  stayed,  he  dis- 
tributed with  the  indulgences,  by  wav 
of  consecution,  a  printed  paper,  which 
should  icrve  them  all  their  life,  and  af- 
terwards be  buried  with  them.  (Indul- 
gences are  granted  by  him  throughoni 
the  Levant.)  Happy  were  they,  who 
could  obuin  at  the  hands  of  the  patri- 
arch the  celebration  of  a  mass  for  the 
repose  of  their  ancestors ;  but  few  could 
procure  this  favour,  for  a  patriarchal 
mass  coat  ten  sequins.  Nevertheless, 
for  the  two  years  that  he  remained,  he 
was  continually  occupied  in  this  way. 
To  accommodate  the  poor,  the  Patri- 
arch's secretary  distributed  these  printed 
papers,  for  an  alms  given  to  the  holy 
sepulchre  of  Jerusalem,  which  was 
paid  to  the  prelate.  The  least  sum  was 
half  a  florin  (or  about  a  shilling  Eng- 
lish). A  letter  is  exunt,  which  this 
secretarv  wrote  from  Jassy  lo  the  bishop 
of  Bueharett,  in  which  he  expressed 
his  thankfulness  for  the  zeal  which  the 
Patriarch  had  found  among  the  faithful 
of  Moldavia,  who  had  printed  the  pa- 
pers of  indulgences  with  their  own 
hands ;  and  gave  orders  for  some  thoo- 
sand  copies  to  be  struck  off  by  the  arch- 
bishop's printer,  at  a  cheaper  price. 

Not  only  is  it  the  custom  to  kissi  the 


hand  of  prelates,  bot  a  sort  of  adontiofi 
is  paid  them,  in  proflrating  onetelf 
before  them;  even  ladies  or  the  first 
rank  conform  to  this  mage.*  They 
Uke  the  appellation  of  holy,  very  holy, 
rerjr  pore,  &c.  Not  that  their  vices 
ana  disorders  are  unknown,  but  the  re- 
spect entertained  for  them  by  the  peo- 
|de  is  snch,  that  no  one  dares  to  mur- 
mur, for  fearofexcommontcation.  An 
anecdote  is  told,  on  the  aotboriij  of  the 
person  to  whom  it  relates,  of'^  a  rich 
Greek  of  Janina,  who  was  employed 
at  Constantinople  in  the  business  of  the 
two  Principalities.  This  man  was  con- 
fined by  order  of  Sultan  Mustapha  in 
the  prison  called  The  Oven,  where,  in 
the  midst  of  his  sufferings,  all  his  con- 
cern was  for  a  favourite  horse,  which 
became  the  first  object  of  hb  caressea 
when  he  had  recovered  his  liberty. 
Shortly  after,  as  he  was  preparing  lo 
return  home,  an  Asiatic  bishop,  who 
was  then  going  to  his  diocese,  sent  a 
deacon  to  him  to  demand  this  horse  as 
a  present.  He  excused  himself  from 
this  strange  request,  in  the  best  manner 
possible,  alleging  his  regard  for  the  ani- 
mal, and  also  his  poverty.  Soon  after, 
the  bishop  came  m  person,  and  offered 
him  the  alternative  of  presenting  him 
with  the  horse,  or  incurring  his  male- 
diction imnoediately.  The  Greek,  sur- 
prised as  he  was,  did  not  hesiute  to 
comply,  though  he  felt  how  unjust  the 
conouct  of  the  bishop  was,  as  he  well 
knew  his  influence ;  and  in  telling  this 
story,  he  avowed  that  he  had  not  the 
hardihood  to  expose  himsdf  to  his 
thunders. 

Besides  the  national  bishops,  there 
are  othen,  in  fartibus,  who  reside  in 
the  two  provinces,  and  who  live  in 
splendour  on  the  contributions  of  the 
faithful.  Some  of  them  farm  the  reve- 
nues of  richly-endowed  monasteries^ 
belonging  to  tne  holy  sepulchre  of  Je- 
rusalem, or  to  Mount  Athos,  or  Mouni 
Sinai,  and  which  they  hold  under  the 
monks.  The  number  of  monasteries, 
as  has  been  already  observed,  ts  very 
great  in  the  two  provinces,  and  they 
possess  u  much  as  a  third  part  of  the 
soil. 

Divine  service  wu  formerly  cele- 

•  ThktastbaFfso^traaslatcfobaarves^ 
is  trroaaoQSi  the  haad  ia  kissed*  bnl  e» 
prMtrmtioa  is  iiiwl.  F.T.  Probably  a  s%ha. 
wdiaAtMni  waa  niistalBRi  for  an  act  el  bom- 
•ga.— L. 


600 


Stale  of  Religion  in  Moldavia  and  Wallachia.       [vol.  c. 


brated  in  the  SclaTonian  language, 
which  the  clergy  and  the  people  were 
alike  ignorant  of;  Prince  Constantine 
Mavrocordato,  a  man  of  restless  mind, 
altered  it  to  the  Wallachian,  but  as  this 
tongue  is  very  jejune,  the  translation  is 
ridiculous  ana  little  approved  of  now.* 
The  whole  knowledge  of  a  priest  con- 
sists in  being  able  to  read  the  language 
of  the  countrv  tolerably,  and  to  sing  at 
the  reading-desk.  In  many  churches 
which  are  served  by  Greek  monks,  the 
liturgy  is  performed  in  Greek.  At 
Bucharest  and  at  Jassy  there  is  a  semi- 
nary for  priests,  and  public  schools 
where  grammar  is  taught,  and  the  lo- 
gic  of  Aristotle  explained.f  One  of 
the  professors,indeed  the  most  esteemed, 
achieved  a  quarto  volume  on  the  fourth 
part  of  the  Greek  grammar  of  Gazi. 
He  boasted  of  teaching  astronomy, 
which  he  had  never  learned  ;  he  spoke 
of  the  discovery  of  America ;  he  treated 
the  Franks  as  deists ;  he  condemned  as 
ignoramusses  the  modern  writers  whom 
he  had  never  read,  and  indulged  him- 
self in  other  similar  follies. 

The  truth  is,  that  the  Greek  instruc- 
tors are  generally  very  ignorant,  and 
waste  their  time  on  grammatical  nice- 
ties without  any  tincture  of  the  sci- 
ences and  belles-lettres,  or  indeed  any 
good  taste.  The  theological  knowledge 
is  confined  to  subtleties  and  supersti- 
tions. They  deny  the  validity  of  the 
baptism  of  other  Christians,  and  oblige 
them  to  submit  to  immersion  when 
they  embrace  the  Greek  communion. 
The  roost    moderate  are   content    to 


anoint  them  with  consecrated  oil,  and 
to  make  them  change  their  name.  The 
schools  have  masters  of  Latin  and 
French,  which  last  language  is  fashion- 
able, and  spoken  by  some  of  the  ladies.} 
Some  benevolent  persons  have  founded 
hospitals,  but  the  poor,  howeverneedy, 
do  not  enter  them  without  the  greatett 
repugnance. 

A  Greek  and  Wallachian  printing- 
press  was  established  at  Bucnarest  at 
the  beginning  of  the  last  century,  by 
an  archbishop,  who  was  of  Greelc  ex- 
traction. ||  The  presses  are  occupied 
with  religious  books,  which  the  priests 
are  obliged  to  buy  from  time  to  time 
at  a  high  price  ;  so  that  even  printing 
becomes  an  instrument  of  oppression 
here.§  All  other  sects  or  communions 
are  tolerated  in  the  exercise  of  their 
ordinances.  In  Wallachia,  there  are 
several  convents  of  Observentine  Friars 
of  the  order  of  St.  Francis,  dependent 
on  the  bishop  of  Nicopolis  in  Bulgaria. 
There  are  ei'en  Lutheran  churches,  and 
some  synagogues.  These  churches  are 
also  attended  by  foreigners  from  Ger- 
many and  Hungary,  and  by  Arme- 
nians. There  are  twelve  missionaries 
in  Moldavia,  sent  by  the  Court  of 
Rome,^  to  instruct  and  attend  to 
12,000  Hungarian  Catholics,**  who 
have  been  established  in  these  pro- 
vinces by  former  migrations,  and  who 
are  the  best  cultivators  of  the  soil,  as 
well  as  excellent  in  their  moral  con- 
duct As  the  Jews  are  very  numeroas, 
they  have  obtained  permission  to  have 
synagogues  in  several  places. 


*  The  brothers  Grecciano  have  translated  the  Bible  Into  Wallachian,  but  it  it  rarely  oset 
with.  (A  new  translation  of  the  Bible  into  Moldavian  appeared  in  ISSOy  which  ia  nadt 
with  p^reat  care  and  exactness.) — F.T. 

f  There  is  a  college  at  Jassy  for  Greek,  Latin,  French,  German,  &c.  The  last  hoapodar, 
who  encouraged  education  and  the  arts,  had  authorised  the  foundation  of  a  school  on  the 
reciprocal  system,  and  as  the  country  was  too  poor  to  support  the  expense,  he  charged  it  to 
his  privy  purse.  He  had  sent  several  young  men  to  study  painting  at  Paris;  bat  recent 
events  have  destroyed  these  happy  prospects. — F.T. 

X  All  the  Boyards  understand  French,  and  speak  it ;  indeed,  persons  of  the  least  eduea- 
tJon  are  always  able  to  converse  in  this  langua(i;e. — F.T. 

II  There  is  also  at  Jassy,  a  Greek  and  Moldavian  press*  which  has  produced,  a  few 
years  since,  besides  other  good  works,  a  handsome  quarto  edition  of  the  code  of  laws* 
which  was  drawn  up  by  Prince  Charles  Callimaqui,  who  governed  Moldavia  from  1819 
to  1819.— F.T. 

§  In  the  palace  of  the  archbishop  of  Bucharest,  there  is  a  numerous  c(»lIectkM  of  Graek, 
LAtin,  and  French  books,  which  has  become  the  prey  of  insects  and  dnst. 

%  They  are  friars  minorite,  who  depend  on  the  Convent  of  Assumption  at  Jaasy,  a  richly- 
endowed  foundation.  In  the  province  there  are  twelve  Catholic  churches,  and  two  epi«co|NU 
palaces,  but  which  have  suffered  too  much  from  the  last  irruptions  of  the  Tartars,  to  be  re- 
established.—F.T. 

**  The  number  of  Catholics  has  much  increased  of  late  years,  as  at  present  it  aotouats 
to  nearly  60,000. 


rART  I.] 


ffalk  thr<mgh  thM  Highlands. 


not 


Walk  through  thb  Highlands. 

(Omtifutedjnm  page  898.) 

IN  the  roorning  we  were  twoke  by 
some  one  whiiilins  a  Pibrock, 
most  correctly,  and  with  much  bar- 
OionT.  There  wai  someihinfc  in  it 
peculiarly  plaintiTC  and  melancholy, 
more  striking,  perhaps,  from  the  coun- 
try in  which  it  was  warbled.  Upon 
miking  inquiries,  we  afterwards  learnt 
that  this  poor  man  was  daft,  or  an 
idiot,  and  well  known  all  orer  the 
country  for  his  musical  ear.  Maria's 
pipe  might  have  been  more  interesting, 
out  could  scarcely  have  sounded  more 
sweetly. 

At  this  inn  we  remarked  some  ex- 
cellent horses,  and  in  our  walk  of  yes- 
terday, it  had  struck  us  that  the  breed 
in  this  country  was,  for  their  size,  pe- 
culiarly handsome,  as  well  as  strong. 

With  Doctor ,  who  showed  us 

the  greatest  attention,  we  explored  the 
immediate  neighbourhood  of  Oban, 
which,  in  a  mincralogical  point  of 
view,  is  extremely  interesting.  Our 
conductor  was  himself  a  mineralogist, 
and  of  the  greatest  ser^'ice  to  us  in 
pointing  out  those  objects  most  worthy 
of  notice,  and  commenting  upon  them 
most  judiciou&ly.  The  Doctor  is  well 
known  as  the  author  of  a  little  book, 
descriptive  of  some  of  the  caves  in  the 
Ulc  of  Sky,  which  we  perused  with 
much  interest.  In  his  company  we 
visited  the  rocks  of  granite  and  breccia 
in  the  neighbourhood  of  the  town, 
and  of  an  old  castle  in  ruins,  a  verv 
picturesque  object,  the  history  of  whicn 
IS  uncertain ;  but  it  is  generally  sup- 
posed to  have  been  the  workmanship 
of  the  Danes,  and  is  unquestionably 
very  ancient. 

We  now  determined  to  sail  for  Mull, 
and  were  furnished  with  several  letters 
of  introduction.  The  weather  was  to- 
lerably pleasant,  and  our  vessel  seemed 
stout,  and  well  rigged.  The  sailors 
also  appeared  to  manage  her  mmt 
adroitly,  and  were  extremely  civil. 
Their  language,  of  course,  was  Gaelic, 
but  two  of  them  understood  and  spoke 
English  tolerably  well,  and  were  evi- 
dently men  of  considerable  informa- 
tion. In  some  degree,  indeed,  even 
the  best  of  them  did  make/riilers  of 
the  English,  but  by  no  means  after 
the  manner  of  the  Lowlanders.  From 
them  we  learnt  that  the  Bay  of  Oban, 
where  we  embarked,  was  exticmely 

GmT.  Mao.  Suppl,  C.  Part  I. 

D 


deep,  Rnd  inconvenient  for  the  ship- 
ping. Shortly  after  leaving  the  tbore 
we  observed  several  herring  dhren  in 
pairs,  sporting  with  the  greatest  appi* 
rent  satisfaction  on  the  waves,  oa 
which  thev  alternately  rose  and  fell. 
It  appeared  that  while  a  storm  might 
be  '*  death  to  us,'*  it  would  to  them 
be  the  cause  of  the  greatest  delight, 
and  that,  amidst  all  lU  horrors,  we 
should  see  them,  "  with  most  mini* 
culous  pleasure,  treading  the  ooce  of 
the  salt  deep.*' 

Like  these  our  herring  divers,  ca« 
reering  through  the  waves,  we 

O'erlooked,  dark  Moll !  thy  mightj  soimd. 
Where  thvutiog  tides  with  mingled  roar. 
Part  thy  twarth  bills  from  Morven's  shore. 

The  woody  Morven,  which  at  pre* 
sent,  however,  seemed  without  a  tree, 
was  on  our  risht,  to  our  left  the  Pap 
of  Jura.  On  Mull,  we  observed  Duart 
Castle,  well  known  in  Highland  tri* 
dition.  Disappointed  of  a  night's  lodjg- 
ing  at  Acnacraig,  we  made  all  way  lor 
Aros,  which  we  hoped,  with  the  aid 
of  a  kind  breeze,  to  reach  by  ten  or 
eleven.  We  soon  steered  close  into  land, 
and  almost  under  the  jutting  portion 
of  it  on  which  stands  Castle  Duirt. 
The  chief  of  our  Highlanders,  in  veij 
excellent  language,  entertained  us  witn 
many  an  anecdote  connected  with  it, 
and,  amongst  the  rest,  with  the  ro- 
mantic story,  which  is  the  foundation 
of  Miss  Baillie's  "Family  Lqrend," 
which,  by  the  bye,  he  also  alluded  to. 
Sailing  by  the  spot,  and  at  ni^ht,  the 
recitation  possessed  wonderful  interest. 
The  narrator,  in  the  present  insUnce, 
was  really  eloquent,  and  we  listened  to 
him  with  the  greatest  satisfaction.  We 
had  many  other  legends,  in  which  in- 
cantations and  witchcraft  were  oonspi* 
coous ;  and  we  passed  within  sight  of 
a  glen,  famous,  as  having  long  been  the 
residence  of  one  of  the  most  powerful 
and  malicious  of  these  imps  of  dark* 
ness. 

The  rain  now  came  down  silent, 
but  fast.  There  was  also  a  thick  fog. 
We  had  to  steer  over  a  very  rocky  bot- 
tom, and  our  boatmen  appeared  to 
have  considerable  doubt  about  their 
course.  One  of  them  stood  up  on  the 
head  of  the  boat,  and,  as  we  now 
proceeded  slowly  and  cautiously,  was 
most  minute  m  bis  examinatioDt. 
From  their  manner  altogether,  1  was 
induced  to  think  that  we  might  gronnd 


Wi 


Walk  through  the  Highlandi. 


[roL.  o. 


momentarily.  The  current,  interrupted 
by  the  roclis,  was  rery  strong,  and  the 
shore  precipitous,  and,  upon  the  whole, 
our  situation,  for  eight  or  ten  noinntes, 
was  by  no  means  enviable.  Soon, 
however,  and  in  safety,  we  accom- 
plished this  Charybdsan  navigation, 
and  the  diflerence  of  manner  in  the 
sailors  was  very  remarkable.  They 
were  now  joyous,  whistlinc:«  and  un- 
concerned, and  their  hilarity  was 
quickly  imparted  to  their  freight. 

At  ihis  time  the  man  at  the  prow 
left  his  station,  and  threw  himself 
down  cnrelessiy  by  our  sides  in  the 
stern.  After  humming  and  whistling 
solos  for  some  time,  ne,  after  much 
solicitation,  favoured  us  with  a  song, 
hi9  messmates  joining  chorus.  And 
now,  **  we  rose  on  the  wave  vviih 
songs.  We  rushed  with  joy  through 
the  foam  of  the  deep." 

The  air  was  melancholy  and  plain- 
tive, and  the  voices  of  the  singers  ex- 
tremely well  attuned.  They  appeared, 
indeed,  to  have  a  most  correct  ear,  and 
fo  experience  the  greatest  delight  them- 
Mlves  in  their  own  notes.  The  music 
struck  us  particularly,  and  seldom  had 
we  been  more  gratified.  Many  of  its 
eharms  were  probably  owing  to  its 
novelty,  and  the  corresponding  scenery. 
In  this  instance,  it  completely  harmo- 
nized with  our  feelings,  and 

There  n  in  souls  a  sympathy  with  sounds. 
And  as  the  mind  is  pitch'd,  the  ear  is  pleas 'd 
With    melting    airs   or    martial,    brisk  or 

grave. 
Some  chord  in  unison  with  what  we  hear 
Is  touch'd  within  us,  and  the  heart  replies. 

It  was  now  a  late  hour  of  the  night, 
comnletely  dark,  and  we  were  on  a 
rough  and  dangerous  ocean,  amidst 
rain  and  wind.  The  song,  as  they 
afterwards  informed  us,  was  a  love 
ditty,  the  lamentation  of  a  maiden  at 
the  departure  of  her  lover  for  Norway, 
banished  thither  by  her  wealthy  pa- 
rents, who  were  averse  to  their  union. 
The  chorus,  freouently  repeated,  was 
very  striking,  and  we  seemed  to  gratify 
our  orchestra  by  expressing  great  and 
unfeigned  pleasure  at  their  |)erform- 
ancc.  The  breeze  had  suddenly  ceased, 
and  this  chorus,  at  the  recurrence  of 
which  they  seemed  to  pull  with  greater 
alacrity,  brought  lo  our  mind  classical 
reminiscences.  In  short,  this  part  of 
our  voyage  was  peculiarly  interestini^. 
We  had  several  other  melodies,  but 
none  pleased   us  so  well  as   the  lirbi. 


None  of  them,  however^  were  withoat 
their  music. 

The  rain  now  fell  very  heavily,  and 
we  observed,  for  the  first  time,  flowioe 
from  the  rudder,  and  from  every  splasn 
of  the  oar,  that  most  beautiful  lumin- 
ous appearance,  the  theory  of  which 
has  been  the  object  of  considerable 
discussion. 

Flasb'd  tlie  dipt  oar,  and  aparkliog  with  th« 

stroke,  [brok«. 

Around   the  waves  phosphoric  brightocta 

We  were  exceedingly  delighted,  and 
lost  in  admiration  at  the  phenomenon, 
which  was  most  splendid.  On  look* 
ing  backwards,  the  track  of  the  boat 
appeared  a  stream  of  the  most  vivid 
fire,  but  in  its  inexpressible  parity  re- 
sembling liquid  silver.  Our  sailors 
informed  us,  and,  I  believe,  very  acca- 
rately,  that  the  appearance  was  most 
particularly  luminous  in  rain,  oral  the 
approach  of  it. 

It  was  now  very  cold  and  wet,  and 
our  voyage  became  exceedingly  tedious. 
We  had,  however,  once  more  a  breeze, 
and   were  proceeding  cheerily,  when 
suddenly  obr  boat  encountered  what 
we  supposed  the  current  of  one  o(  the 
Mull  rivers  rushing  into  the  sea.    The 
shock  was  extremely  violent,  and  our 
boatmen  again  manifested  considerable 
alarm,  and  all  their  attention  was  once 
more  fixed  upon  the  vessel.    We,  ia 
a  moment,   altered  our  course,   and 
were  borne  along  by  the  current  with 
extreme  rapidity  out  to  sea.    This  cir- 
cumstance, amongst  others,  led  us  to 
suppose  that  the  men  were  not  so  well 
acQuainted  with  the  coast  as  we  beforb 
had  imagined  them  to  be.    As  soon 
as  the  current  became  less  violent,  we 
resumed  our  course,  proceeding  again 
towards  land.    In  the  meantime  we 
became  heartily  tired  of  the  sea.   AfWr 
much  hesitation,  and  a  very  minute 
examination  of  (he  shore,  we  at  length 
discovered  the  water  of  Aros,  a  small 
river  here  running  into  the  ocean,  and 
now,  cried  the  men,  with  great  glee, 
*•  we  shall  do."    We  were  right  glad 
to  hear  it,  but  scarcely  had  we  got  into 
the  river  before  we  grounded  fast ;  and 
though  we  were  proceeding  with  great 
caution,   yet  the  shock   was  violent. 
For  our  own  parts,  we  did  not  at  this 
time  know  that  we  were  in  a  river,  and 
the  depth  on  either  side  the  bank  on 
which  we  were  fixed,  might,  for  any 
thing  we  knew,  be  unfathomable.  Our 
coijiialioiii,  therefore,  were  not  of  the 


PART  I.] 


If'alk  Ikrough  tJu  Highiamh. 


em 


most  pleasnt  descripiion.  Que  of  the 
mrn  eot  from  the  bote  to  the  bank, 
ibougn  the  water  oo  it  wa«  pfeily 
deep,  but  was  unable  to  moie  her. 
At  length,  they  all  juaiped  over;  but 
their  united  efforti  were  rqually  uo- 
availioff.  This,  therefore,  we  supposed 
alight  be  our  po>t  till  day-li^ ht.  But 
the  tailors  deti*ruiined  otherwise.  They 
iieaired  ut  to  get  on  their  backs,  and 
we  were  thus  very  soon  borne  out  of 
the  river,  the  water  fortunately  not 
beiiif;  deep.  The  boat  was  after* 
wards  extrieuted  with  ilte  greatest  dtlR- 
culty.  After  a  umerable  walk,  in 
pitchy  darkness,  and  over  horrible 
|>dihs,  we  arrived  at  ihe  inn,  whose 
inhabitants  were  not  roused  without 
much  exertion,  and  after  a  long  inter* 
vat.  The  mansion  and  iu  accompani* 
ments  seemed  but  a  sorry  reward  for 
all  our  toili,  and  once  ntore  "  the 
wings  of  our  heart  well  niKh  <).igged.*' 
Our  songsters  turned  out  sharks,  were 
dissatisfied  aud  insolent,  and  our  adieus 
were  any  thing  but  harmonious. 

We  left  this  house  the  following 
morning  at  ten,  after  receiving  the  in* 
structions  of  our  landlord,  who  civilly 
put  us  into  the  right  direction — road 
or  path  there  was  none.  Our  route, 
indeed,  was  extremely  dreary,  and  well 
did  Johnson  characterize  Mull  as  the 
"  gloom  of  desolation.*'  Here  were 
no  "  kins's  roads,"  but  runniiis streams 
in  abundance,  crouingour  path,  which 
was  exceedingly  stony  and  uneven,  and 
all  but  impai^able.  Our  labours  were 
great,  with  but  little  to  reward  them — 
the  scenery,  if  it  improted  for  a  short 
space,  soon  becoming  as  dismal  and 
uninteresting  as  before.  About  mad- 
day,  however,  the  weather  cleared,  the 
country  became  partially  cultivated, 
and,  for  Mull,  every  tiling  was  cheery. 
Yet  the  crop  of  oats  was  thin,  and 
almost  choked  with  a  yellow  weed : 
which,  destructive  as  it  was,  dispensed 
neverihelesa  the  most  agrtreable  fra- 
grance. At  length  we  came  iu  view 
of  UWa,  were  ferried  over  the  sound 
of  Mull,  and  retted  in  M'Kay*s  Ion  at 
half-naat  two. 

VVhile  expecting  dinner,  not  without 
some  impatience,  M'Kay  entered, 
landlord-like,  with  an  immense  square 
green  bottle,  holding  two  gallons  of 
whiskey.  This  he  presented  to  us  in 
the  true  Highlaiul  fashion,  and  of 
course  we  did  noi  refuse  the  dram. 
He  appeared  much  gratified  at  our 
praitet  of  his  wtibkey,   and,  indeed. 


we  merited  aome  commendation  on 
the  score  of  politeness,  for,  at  the  lime, 
we  wished  for  more  substantial  refretli^ 
nient,  and  would  rather  have  declined 
the  proffered  draught  altogether.  Wf 
afterwards  fared  so  sumptuonaly 
ilijt,  were  I  not  afraid  of  wearying 
the  reader,  I  should  think  it  incum- 
bent u|)on  me  to  particularize.  With 
our  enieridinuieiit  at  M'Kay't,  in  short, 
we  were  greatly  j>lease<l,  and  wer« 
now  only  anxious  (or  a  6ne  day  for  our 
visit  to  Stafla  on  the  morrow.  As  the 
wiMihcr  was  so  very  unsettled  our 
anxiety  on  this  subject  was  consider- 
able, for  we  well  knew  that  divers 
worthy  individuals  had  fretted  and 
fumed  in  the  very  room  in  which  wc 
were  then  silting,  for  six,  eight,  or  ten 
days,  without  lM;ing  able  to  make  good 
their  voyage,  and  the  idea  of  returning 
without  accomplishing  the  main  pur- 
|>osc  uf  our  journey  was  insupportable. 

To  amuse  ourselves  under  these  cir* 
cumsiances,  we  had  recourse  to  the 
Album  of  Ulva,  which  was  lying  on 
the  table.  This  book  belongs  to  Suflfa 
(the  Laird  so  called),  and  every  visitor 
to  this  part  of  the  world  is  expected  to 
grace  iu  |>ages  with  his  name,  or  with 
the  more  grateful  effusions  of  his  Mtise. 
It  is,  therefore,  deposited  at  the  inn, 
and  is  well  calculated,  from  the  variety 
of  its  contents,  to  amuse  its  owner  and 
his  family.  LJ|X)n  the  whole,  liow. 
ever,  the  contributions  to  it  were  bat 
mediocre.  Aiifongpt  many  other  poeti* 
cal  effusions  were,  lAnct  from  Ijord 
Delawarr,  Mr.  Gisborue,  and  Walter 
Scoit,  which  were  certainly  worthy  of 
better  company. 

Our  host  having  forgotten  hit  pro- 
mise to  call  us  at  an  earlier  boor  ia 
the  morning,  we  did  not  get  into  our 
boat  for  StafTa  till  half-past  nine.  Ai 
this  time  it  did  not  rain,  but  the  akf 
was  black  and  threatening.  Alto- 
gc tiler  the  appearance  of  the  nnorniog 
brought  to  my  recollection  the  lines  of 
Scothtiid's  burJ, 

<*  The  blaclen'mg  wtre  was  edged  with  white. 
To  inch  sad  roek  the  fea-mcws  fly  ; 
The  £shert  have  heard  the  water  eprile, 
WhoM  fereams  forbode  that  wreok  ia 
nigh." 

At  the  very  moment  of  starting  we 
thought  we  had  put  to  sea  in  evil  time 
—the  skiet,  we  could  not  but  obtervc^ 
"  looked  grimly,  and  threatened  pre- 
sent blusters.**  We  were  provided 
with  a  large  new  bbnkel,  with  great 


604 


Walk  Ihrough  the  Highlands, 


[roL,  c. 


coatSy  and  umbrellas,  and,  upon  the 
whole,  were  tolerably  well  e^uipt. 
Our  sailors  reminded  us  of  whisky, 
in  addition  to  what  we  had  already 
provided,  and,  thus  furnished,  they 
took  to  their  oars,  and  we  proceeded 
on  our  voyage. 

We  had  not  cleared  the  sound  of 
Mull,  ere  the  rain  began  to  fall  very 
heavily,  and  directly  in  our  teeth.  On 
turning  the  Point,  a  most  gloomy  and 
disheartening  prospect  presented  itself 
•—dark  clouds  in  every  direction— and 
it  was  clear  that  we 

'         Were  like  to  have 
A  lullaby  too  rough. 

The  swell,  too,  here  was  very  great, 
the  waves  dashed  with  the  greatest 
violence  against  the  boat,  which  ap- 
peared  to  groan  under  the  shock,  at 
the  same  time  rocking  prodigiously. 
We  towered  most  sublimely  at  one 
moment,  and  sunk  into  an  abyss  in 
the  next,  but  our  boat  appeared  stout 
and  heart-whole,  and  though  she  did, 
indeed,  resound  at  the  percussion  of 
the  waves,  yet,  much  to  our  satisfac- 
tion, she  seemed  to  repel  them  most 
sturdily,  and  with  indignation. 

We  now  made  all  way  for  an  op- 
posite Point,  in  order  to  catch  the 
gale,  bavins  hitherto  made  use  only  of 
the  oars.  The  swell  was  really  tre- 
mendous, and  the  men  laboured  dread- 
folly.  Several  rocks  now  presented 
themselves,  against  which  the  waves 
were  roaring,  and  breaking  with  the 
utmost  violence.  They  rolled  on  to- 
wards the  barrier,  rose  up  to  its  sum- 
mit, with  an  appalling  noise,  but 
speedily  returned,  as  it  were  exhausted, 
while  the  rocks,  firm  and  immove- 
able, laughed  at  their  utmost  efforts. 
The  spray  rose  most  beautifully,  of  va- 
rious hues — of  silver  mingled  with  the 
purest  green,  and  the  contemplation  of 
It  afforded  the  greatest  satisfaction. 
Close  to  these  breakers  we  shipped  our 
oars,  and  hoisted  our  large  and  dispro- 
portioned  sail. 

It  was  raining  very  hard,  the  wind 
blowing  steadily  and  strong,  the  island 
of  StafTa  was  in  sight,  our  boat  bounded 
over  the  dark  foam  of  the  seas,  and  we 
expected  soon  to  reach  the  object  of 
our  destination,  when,  in  the  midst 
of  our  anticipations,  the  gale  suddenly 
cncreased  to  a  most  violent  squall ;  the 
tain  descended  with  tenfold  violence, 
mingled  with  hail ;  it  grew  extremely 
cold,  and  our  hands  were  so  benumbed 
that  they  possessed  scarce  enough  of 
pliancy  **  to  tak  our  auld  cloak  about 


OS.*'    Our  sailors  manifested  the  great- 
est anxiety;  they  endeavoured^  with 
the  utmost  eaeemess,  to  furl  the  saiU 
but  this,   with  all  their  efforts,  they 
were  unable  to  accomplish.     It  was 
thoroughly  wet,  and  the  cordage  re- 
fused to  move.    They,  therefore,  hu- 
moured it  as  much  as  possible,  and,  I 
am  confident,  supposed  themselves  in 
the  extremest  danger.     Indeed  they 
afterwards  confessed  as  much.     The 
boat  was  now  completely  on  one  side, 
or  gun- whale  to,   and   we    expected 
the  waves  momentarily  to  dash  in  upon 
us.     We  were  borne,  with   resistless    ' 
violence,  before  the  wind,  in  the  di- 
rection of  a  small  island,  I   believe, 
Colonsay,  and  against  which  the  surf 
was  beating  in  all  its  horrors,  and 
rising  to  a  wonderful  height. 

Very  fortunately  the  squall  ceased  as 
suddenly  as  it  came  on.  Had  it  lasted 
another  Bve  minutes,  it  would,  I  think, 
in  all  probabilitv  have  been  fatal  to  vs. 
Smiles  again  played  over  the  ruaged 
faces  of  our  companions ;  they  low- 
ered the  sail,  ana  we  reimced  to  see 
them  take  to  their  oars.  The  sky  gra- 
dually cleared,  it  became  fine,  the  saa 
once  more  broke  forth,  and  before  we 
reached  Staffa,  we  had  leisure  to  ru- 
minate on  our  late  escape  perfectly  free 
from  apprehension. 

A  Subscriber. 

Page  307,  b.  2.  for  harles  read  hailflS  ;  Une  9p 
for  one  foot,  read  our  foot;  page  S06,  a.  \%Jtr 
Ben  Anachan,  read  Ben  CruacEan,  aind  10,  J&f 
Loch  Ective,  read  Loch  Etive. 

• 

Mr.  Urban,  Exeter,  Jutted. 

THE  solution  of  your  Correspon- 
dent "  Arbitrator's'*  difficolt^p  p. 
38f),  is  plain  and  simple;  since  it  IS 
merely  proving  a  positive  by  a  nc^o/foe* 
Let  us  ask  what  possible  affinity,  as 
an  ahbreviatiofi,  the  two  letters  ••  w*** 
can  have  with  the  word  "  with?"  and 
if  none  of  a  satisfactory  kind  can  be 
adduced,  it  is  clear  that  the  word 
*'  without  *'  is  implied ;  and  this  is  in  a 
great  degree  corroborated  by  the  letters 
«  w^"  forming  the  first  and  last  letter! 
of  that  word ;  and  which  was  formeriy 
a  natural  and  not  an  unusual  abbrevi- 
ation, although  it  may  not  be  easy  to 
Eroduce  a  written  or  printed  instance ; 
ut  the  circumstance,  also,  of  the  ab- 
breviation being  "  at  the  end  of  a  line,** 
where  there  was  probably  no  room  fof 
more  than  the  two  letters  **  wV* 
tends  greatly  to  conjirm  the  meaning 
in  favour  of  the  word  '*  without" 

EXONIBNSIS. 


PART  !■] 


.      [     605     1 


BEVIEW  OF  NEW  PUBLICATIONS. 


The  nistory  o/Tewkatury.  By  Juan  Bto- 
set.     %vo,  pp.  456, 

MR.  BENNET  commences  the 
archaeological  part  of  hi$  His- 
tory with  the  etymon  of  the  name,  and 
is  inclined  to  follow  the  Abbey  Chro- 
nicle, in  ascribing  it  to  one  Theocus, 
a  hermit,  who  Hired  in  the  serenth 
century.  It  is  true  that  there  is  every 
reason  to  admit  the  existence  of  an 
Anglo-Saxon  Priory,  but  we  think  the 
appendage  of  Thcocus  the  hermit  to 
be  an  unfounded  addition  of  the  Ab- 
bey Chronicle.  Our  reasons  are  these. 
Abbot  Girald,  who  lived  in  the  year 
1 109,  seems  to  have  had  no  knowledge 
of  such  a  person;  for  (1)  William  of 
Malmesbury,     a     contemporary,     ac- 

3uaints  us,*  that  Girald  was  partly  in- 
uced  10  remove  from  Cranburn  to 
this  place,  because  the  name  seemed  to 
gratify  his  relisious  propensity,  inas- 
much as  Theokesbiria  may  be  called 
as  it  were  Theotocosbiria,  1.  e.  by  the 
care  of  the  Mother  of  God,  the  word 
being  compounded  of  Greek  and  Eng- 
lish. (2)  It  is  called  in  the  Leomins- 
ter Inscription.f  T/teotishyrg,  which 
has  more  a  relation  to  Thoth,  the  Bri- 
tish Hermes  or  Mercury,  from  whom 
Toihill,  Tuthill,  or  Tooihill  are  deno- 
minated, than  to  Thcocus ;  and  Dr. 
Ingram,  the  editor  of  the  Saxon  Chro- 
nicle, thereby  conceives,  that  Tuibury, 
not  Tewkesbury,  is  the  Theotibbyrg  of 
the  Inscription.  (3)  In  Domesday  the 
term  is  Teo(/fche$herie.  (4)  Theocus 
is  not  an  Anglo-Saxon  praenomen  ;  and 
assuredly  there  are  traces  both  of  Bri- 
tish and  Roman-British  remains,  sufR- 
cient  to  vindicate  a  denomination  much 
earlier  than  the  presumed  time  of 
Theocus,  whom  we  believe  to  have 
been  created  by  the  later  monks  to 
pietize  the  term  Tewkesbury ;  such 
frauds  being  common :  and  were  it 
not  so,  the  town  having  belonged  to 
Anglo-Saxon  Dukes  of  Mcrciu,  it  is 
not  so  easy  as  conceived,  to  get  over 
Mr.  Fosbroke's  etymon  from  the  An- 
glo-Saxon Teoche,  Dux,  in  the  geni- 
tive, Teoches,  because  Teochesbiria  is 
the  very  orthography  of  the  confirma- 
tion charter,  by  V\  illiam  Rufus,  the 

*  Scriptor.  p.  BmL  163,  ed.  1696. 
1*  Weevcr's  Fan.  Moo«  4 Co  edit.  Appen. 
No.  1. 


ch  beinff  converted  into  k  in  those  of 
Henry  I.|  Besides,  it  is  to  be  remem- 
bered, that  the  town  was  the  capui 
baronice  of  Anglo-Saxon  Dukes,  and 
of  those  of  Gloucester  in  the  Norman 
aera.  It  is  certain,  therefore,  that  cir- 
cumsunces  do  support  Mr.  Fosbroke*s 
hypothesis ;  but  whether  that  was  the 
earliest  appellation  is  justly  question- 
able, for  it  is  equally  certain  that  Theo* 
tisbyrg  is  the  denomination  in  the  Leo- 
minster inscription,  and  that  Leland 
mentions  a  camp  at  Twyning,  called 
Teibury  Castle,  "a  two  miles  from 
Tewkesbury  ;*'  and  the  tumulus  on  the 
Mythe  is  still  called  Tuie  or  Toot,  the 
usual  term  for  hills  dedicated  to  Teu- 
tates;  but  whether  Theotisbyrg  be  al- 
lusive to  Tetbury  or  Tute,  we  will  not 
decide.  TV/bury  is  now  euphonized 
into  Towhury. 

On  the  Mythe  adjacent  to  Tewkes- 
bury is  a  stron;^  fortification,  the  form 
of  which  Mr.  Bennet  does  not  describe, 
but  the  camp  at  Tetbury  or  Towbury 
was  evidently  adapted  to  the  Roman 
modes  of  castrametation.  According 
to  the  rules  which  we  have  derived 
from  Sir  R.  C.  Hoare,  for  ascertaining 
British  remains,  we  infer  that  the 
Mvthe  was  primarily  a  Celtic  or  Bri- 
tish acropolis,  or  citadel,  such  as  was 
usually  annexed  to  their  settlements; 
and  tnat  such  settlement  was  in  the 
flat  ground  below,  the  Britons,  as  Ci- 
cero says,§  having  been  great  graziers. 
Had  there  been  discovered  any  Druidi- 
cal  remains,  we  should  speak  with 
confidence  on  the  subject ;  but  as  mat- 
ters are,  we  can  only  mention  the 
Hudgeway  or  ancient  British  trackway 
(hereafter  noted),  and  say,  from  Mr. 
Dyde  (Tewkesbury,  88)  that  Old-borj 
Field  (mark  the  word  Oidbury)  indi- 
cates the  site  of  an  ancient  fortifica- 
tion, and  from  Mr.  Bennet,  in  p.  17, 
that  in  1/30, 

**  A  silver  TraJAo  and  a  brats  Maximian 
were  fuuod  id  a  meadow  near  Tewketbary  ( 
and  that  Romao  coins  art  aow  fireqticntly 
dug  up  In  the  Oidbury  gardens,  and  that 
many  were  found  in  the  neighbourhood  of 
the  abbey  church  in  1898." 

Sufficient  traces  of  occupancy  there- 
fore occur ;  and  more  decisive  evidence 

t  Dnpdale's  Mooast.  i.  161,  old  edit. 
I  Epist  at  TrebattQB. 


606 


Review. — Bennetts  History  of  Tewkesburtf.        [vol.  c. 


miffht  appear,  if  we  had  detailed  de- 
scriptions of  the  earthworks,  in  or  Tcry 
near  the  spot.  [We  invite  communica- 
tions to  that  effect.]  One  thing  shonld 
be  particularly  remembered.  It  is,  that 
the  old  towns  of  the  British  and  Ro- 
man sra  were  deserted  for  settlements 
nearer  the  rivers.  Thus  Hereford  grew 
out  of  Kenchester ;  Magnis  Mon- 
mouth out  of  Dlestium  CStaunton), 
Ross  out  of  Ariconium  (the  Bollatree)  ; 
Chepstow  out  of  Caerwent  (Venta  Si- 
lurum) ;  Salisbury  out  of  Old  Sarum 
(Sorbiodunum);  and  many  others  ;  and 
it  is  also  to  be  recollected  that  Oldbury 
is  an  appellation  which  denotes  a  fact 
not  controvertible. 

Every  thing  relative  to  the  history 
and  foundation  of  the  Abbey  is  known 
and  admitted ;  but  there  has  been 
much  disputation  concerning  the  mo- 
numents. It  is  a  misfortune  ;  because 
in  ancient  splendid  tombs,  we  know  of 
scarcely  any  church  which  surpasses 
it.  The  laie  Mr.  Lysons  attempted  to 
remedy  this  confusion,  and  we  are 
happy  to  find  that  Mr.  Bennet  has 
adopted  his  corrections.  We  have  not 
sufncient  local  knowledge  to  improve 
it ;  but  this  we  do  know,  that  with  the 
Abbey  Chronicle,  printed  in  the  Mo- 
nasticon,  is  intermixed  a  catalogue  of 
all  the  noble  persons  interred  in  the 
monastery,  and  that  a  list  of  them,  and 
the  sites  of  their  sepulture,  should  have 
been  made  before  the  questions  had 
been  agitated.  These  deceased  persons 
were  far  more  numerous  than  the  mo- 
numents. Mr.  Bennet,  p.  172,  has 
indeed  given  us  a  list  (we  think  im- 
perfect) of  *•  distinguished  persons  bu- 
ried here,  who  have  no  [existing]  mo- 
numents.'' This  list  has  the  follow- 
ing paragraph  : 

<<  GUbert  de  Clare,  the  Bccond,  who  died 
in  1395,  was  also  buried  in  the  choir  near 
the  communion  table.  The  effigies  of  this 
nobleman  formerly  stood  over  ow  of  the  stalls, 
not  far  from  his  grave,  in  a  pensive  positionp 
with  an  inscription  in  gold  characters." — 
p.  174. 

It  so  happens  that  a  painted  effigy  of 
a  youth  in  mail,  kneeling,  placed  out 
of  the  way  upon  the  roof  of  a  chapel 
of  the  Trinity,  has  been  presumed  by 
Mr.  Fos broke,  from  the  circumstances 
hereafter  mentioned,  to  have  apper- 
tained to  the  last  Gilbert  de  Clare, 
Earl  of  Gloucester,  kille<l  in  Scotland, 
A.  D.  1314.  This  presumption  has 
been   questioned;   and   the  figure  as- 


cribed to  Edward  Le  Detpenser,  the 
second  of  the  name,  who  nitrried  Eli- 
zabeth, daughter  of  Bartholomew  de 
Burshersh  (p.  l65);  but  how  the  ju- 
venility of  the  B^re,  and  the  style  of 
the  armour^  which  harmonizes  with 
the  aera  of  the  above  Gilbert  de  Clare, 
who  perished  at  the  early  age  of  eigh- 
teen, can  be  made  to  agree  with  Sir 
Edward  le  Despenser,  who  was  the 
father  of  six  children,  and  died  Nov. 
11,  1375, •  we  know  not.  In  the  year 
following  died  Edward  the  Black 
Prince  ;  and  if  the  style  of  the  armour 
upon  his  effigies  t  be  compared  with 
that  of  the  Tewkesbury  Bgure,  it  will 
be  found  very  different.  The  Abbey 
Chronicle^  does  not  mention  any  em» 
gies  of  this  Edward  le  Despenser,  and 
as  other  figures  have  been  removed 
fn)m  the  churchy  it  is  probable  that 
this  does  not  apply  to  Ewoard  Le  Des- 
penser ;  but  we  shall  not  enter  further 
into  the  subject,  because  we  have  no 
desire  on  that  account  to  undergo  the 
expense  and  inconvenience  of  a  jour- 
ney on  purpose.  Nor  are  these  con- 
tentions all.  The  site  of  the  inter- 
ment of  Edward,  son  of  Henry  the 
Sixth;  the  appropriation  of  a  bieauti- 
ful  tabernacle  for  a  saint's  bell ;  and 
the  site  of  the  battle,  between  Edward 
the  Fourth  and  Marsaret  of  Anjou, 
have  all  been  contested.  The  only  de- 
tailed and  satisfactory  account  of^  thai 
sanguinary  affair  is  given  by  Holinshed ; 
but  the  localities  seem  not  to  have  been 
well  determined  (according  to  our 
knowledge)  before  the  publication  of 
this  worK.  This  adjustment  confers 
great  credit  upon  Mr.  Bennet,  and  we 
are  only  sorry  that  necessity  compels 
us  to  abbreviate  it. 

It  has  been  said  that  the  Lancas- 
trians were  encamped  in  a  meadow 
called  the  Vineyard,  but  this  is  com- 
manded by  a  long  ridge  of  hieh  land 
in  front,  and  has  the  river  owilgate 
close  in  the  rear.  Mr.  Bennet  there- 
fore rejects  it,  and,  according  to  our 
recollection,  when  we  visitedTTewket- 
bury,  we  thought  it  a  very  strange  po* 
sition  for  an  army.  On  the  contrary^ 
says  Mr.  Bennet, 

'<  History,  tradition,  sad  probability  uaita 
in  leading  us  to  the  cooclusioa  tbat  the 
Queen's  army  entrenched  tbensalvea  on  the 

*  See  his  will  in  the  TestamenU  VetusU, 
edited  by  Mr.  Nieolss,  L  99. 

t  £ngraved  in  Eoeycl.  of  Aatiq.  ii.  794. 
X  Dagd.  Monast.  i.  157. 


fAKT  I.]    Riviiw.— Beunet*s  Temkeiburf^Lunt's  RtgUwa 

lunnit  of  a  Btld,  sow  called  th«  HonM 
muod,  on  th«  nUU  of  Mr.  Wintte  at 
Oiipthill,  one  mile  from  Tewketborr*  on  the 
eattern  tMe  of  the  road  leading  to  uloucee- 
ter  and  Chelteahair. ;  and  that  the  Kioe't 
armji  ae  he  advanced  upun  hb  antagonist  dj 
the  way  of  Tredtogton  and  Rudgeway  over 
Pre«t  bridge,  occupied  the  ttopiog  ground 
to  the  tonthward,  called  the  Red  Piece,  on 
the  estate  of  Edward  Rantford,  esq.  At 
Gupahill  there  it  alto  a  tmall  circular  en- 
trenchment turronnded  with  a  ditch  and 
hedge,  and  thaded  with  lofty  elmt,  which 
hat  immemorially  been  denominated  *'  Mar- 

n*t  oamp."  There  are  alto  tome  conti* 
tie  ridget,  Imd  long  hollow  placet  in 
varioui  direetioot  near  to  ihit  incloture. 
Laatlv,  thit  b  the  unlj  tite  which  can  ve- 
rify noIin«hed*t  account,  that  the  Lancat- 
triant  bad  *  the  town  and  abbey  at  their 
bacln  ;*  and  '  that  their  camp  wm  right 
hard  to  be  attailed  by  reaton  of  the  <Mep 
ditchet,  bedget,  treet,  buthet,  and  cnrober- 
tome  laaet,  wherewith  the  tame  wat  fenced, 
both  in  the  front  and  on  the  sidet.'  *' 


6or 


Margaret's  station  being  thus,  as  we 
think,  clearly  ascertained,  we  proceed 
jirta/im  from  Mr.  Ben  net's  work,  p.  39, 

'*  Immedbtely  in  front  of  tbb  tmall  in- 
elotnra  ran  the  mtKient  British  trackway,  in 
itt  rouu  from  Lincoln't  Oreen  to  the  ford 
acfoit  Swilgat*  {  thb  might  have  teparatcd 
the  two  armirt,  and,  if  to,  wm  *  the  lana 
which  Somerset  eroated  when  hb  opponents 
inveigled  him  oot  of  hit  ttroogbold.  A 
fiw  pares  to  the  eattward  of  thb  ttation  ran 
another  road,  which  formerly  led  from  CheU 
teobam  into  Tewketbury.  No  situation  on 
that  tide  of  the  town  could  perhapa  have 
been  to  properly  chosen,  though  it  did  not 
merit  the  appellatioo  of  a  '  wonderful  ttrong 
position.'  £xclasive  of  the  artificbl  meant 
of  defence  which  it  presented,  and  which 
could  readily  be  incrMted,  there  b  an  ad- 
vantageottt  descent  from  the  camp  on  three 
sides,  forming  a  kind  of  head- land  to  the 
ridge  of  high  ground,  which  e?:tcndt  in  itt 
rear  almost  to  tne  town. 

*'  After  the  Duke  of  Gloucester  had  en- 
tered the  Queen's  entrenchments,  we  are 
iofbroMd  that  tome  6ed  into  the  park,  othert 
into  the  meadow  there  at  hand,  some  into 
the  lanes,  and  tome  hid  themselves  In 
ditches.  The  field  called  the  Gaston's,  now 
divided  into  several  iodofeures  in  the  west- 
tern  side  of  the  present  turnpike  road  ex- 
tending from  Holme  Hill  to  Gups  Hill  i  and 
a  long  slip  of  land  with  shelving  sides,  ly- 
ing to  the  westward  of  tlie  turnpike  rosid, 
b^ood  the  Windmill  Hill,  and  within  a  few 
hundred  yards  of  the  House  of  Industry, 
which  field  it  sUll  called  the  <  Bloody  Mea- 
dow/ were  the  chief  scenes  of  slaughter. 

*'  The  mill  mentioned  by  Holinshed  at 
whit  h  so  m\ich  caruage  took  place,  was  un- 
doubtedly tlie  Abbey  mills ;  thus  fiir  pto- 


bably  the  ^wor  fqgithres,  who  so«ght  a  iv 
treat  in  toe  town,  had  proceeded,  when  a 
party  of  the  victors  overtook,  or  by  another 
route  met  them,  and  induced  them  in  de- 
spair to  fly  into  the  Severn  Ham,  where 
tuose  who  escaped  drowning  were  hewn 
down  and  slaughtered  without  remorse."— 
p.  40. 

Mr.  Bennet  thinks  very  jtuily,  that 
it  would  have  been  better  for  the  L4in<* 
castrians  to  have  taken  up  their  posi- 
tion at  the  M^tbe,  and  hare  there 
waited  for  their  reinforcements;  but 
we  apprehend  that  they  either  might 
not  have  had  sulficient  magazines  of 
provisions  for  a  stationary  occupation, 
or  deemed  the  position  chosen  one 
that  was  uofavourable  for  the  action 
of  the  enemy's  cavalry,  in  which  arm 
the  Yorkists  were  no  doubt  far  supe- 
rior. 

Havingnow  gone  through  the  literary 
part  of  this  work,  we  shall  proceed  no 
further  than  to  state  our  feelings  con- 
cerning certain  parts  of  the  building. 
These  are  the  groining  of  the  choir, 
and  the  finishinss  of  the  parapets  in 
the  Countess  of  Warwick's  Chanel. 
According  to  our  knowledge,  the  lat- 
ter are  uotoue,  and  in  elegance  they 
rival  the  celebrated  borders  of  Grecian 
vases.  Other  parts  of  the  building  are 
very  fine,  but  not  unusual. 

Mr.  Bennet  appears  to  have  collect- 
ed all  that  is  known  concerning  this 
eminent  place,  and  enriched  it  with 
good  plates.  In  the  modern  periods 
there  are  considerable  accessions  of  in- 
formation. The  inhabitants  deserve 
the  hiflhest  praise  for  the  care  which 
they  nave  taken  of  their  splendid 
Chutch. 

The  Fiigiiioes;  or  a  Trip  to  Catudm.  An 
inttrttting  taU,  Jotmded  ofi  fads*  Inter' 
tpersed  urith  otteroations  an  the  Mannert, 
Customs,  ice  ^  the  Coiomsts  and  Indians. 
By  Edward  Lane,  fofrmerty  a  resident  in 
Lower  Canada;  post  8vo,pp,  496. 

THE  plot  of  this  tale  is  taken 
from  Kotzcbue's  celebrated  drama,  the 
Stranger.  The  wife  of  a  fine  ooblc- 
hrarted  fellow,  a  Captain  io  the  Navy, 
elopes  with  a  seducer,  who  weaned  her 
affections  from  her  htisbaod,  by  repre- 
senting that  he  has  another  wife,  whom 
he  prefers.  The  husband  pursues  the 
fugitives  to  Canada,  finds  his  wife,  who 
haA  voluntarily  left  tbe  villain  npon 
detection  of  his  falsehoods,  forgives  and 
a}|;ain  cohabits  with  her,  withoutgiving 
any  trouble  at  Doctors*  Coiuuions.   At 


j^yis^,^.BrittoD*8  Wiionf  of  Britiol  CathidraL    [fol.  c« 


GOB 

the  German  plot  we  are  not  surprised; 
because  probability,  moral  feelings,  or 
prudential  oonseijuences,  are  commonly 
sacriBced  to  striking  effect  Philoso- 
phers, however,  will  uke  the  liberty  of 
observing  that  no  woman  will  listen  to 
the  calumnies  of  a  seducer  against  her 
husband,  unless  her  mind  be  first  cor- 
rupted ;  and  that  the  detection  of  such 
calumnies  is  exceedingly  easy. 

The  better  part  of  the  novel  consists 
in  interesting  accounts  of  Canada,  and 
nautical  characters  and  manners,  not 
inferior  to  the  admirable  delineations 
of  SmoUet. 

We  shall  show  first  an  opulent  Ca- 
nadian farmer's  opinion  of  the  conse- 
quences of  over-educating  daughters : 

*'  If  we  farmers  here  were  to  spend  oar 
time  in  bunting  and  racing,  and  our  wives 
and  daughters  theirs  in  sporting  about  in 
silks  and  satins,  and  in  taking  lessons  in  mu- 
sic and  dancing,  as  they  do  in  some  coun- 
tries, instead  of  selling  our  wheat,  as  we 
sometimes  do,  at  four  shillings  per  bushel, 
by  Heaven,  sirs,  we  could  not  live  upoo^our- 
tem."— p.  166. 

The  Indian  method  of  keeping  io* 
fants  safe  during  the  absence  of  the  pa- 
rents on  fishing,  is  said  to  be 

*<  digging  a  hole  in  the  sand,  and  burying 
the  child  up  to  its  armpits,  leaving  the  head 
and  arms  only  at  liberty." — p.  182. 

The  following  piece  of  Natural  His-, 
tory  is  curious  (if  true)  : 

*'  Rattlesnakes  dread  pigs  to  so  extraor- 
dinary a  degree,  that  when  they  see  one 
they  become  as  if  petrified;  their  animal 
functions  are  instantly  suspended,  leaving 
the  porker  to  separate  their  heads  firom  their 
bodies ;  the  former  of  which  be  instinctively 
rejects,  while  he  voraciously  devours  the 
latter.  Indeed,  pigs  devour  snakes  of  every 
description,  and  thrive  wonderfully  on  such 
strange  food ;  as  a  proof  of  which,  I  recol- 
lect once  having  been  wrecked  myself  in  a 
large  batt  canoe,  laden  with  hogs,  on  a  small 
island  a  few  leagues  above  Montreal ;  I  and 
my  men  escaped  in  a  canoe  to  the  main  laud : 
on  returning,  a  fortnight  afterwards,  in  re- 
cover my  property,  I  found  the  pigs,  which 
had  before  been  exceedingly  lean,  feeding 
heartily  on  snakes,  and  almost  too  ht  to 
move." — p.  369. 

There  is  an  ample  fund  of  entertain- 
ment in  this  book  ;  and  much  interest 
excited  by  dramatic  exhibitions  of  cha- 
racter and  lively  dialogue ;  which  show, 
that  to  a  philosopher,  if  he  is  well  and 
not  subject  to  sea-sickness,  a  ship  may 
be  a  playhouse,  replete  with  enter- 
tainment. 


Britton's  History  and  AfUifmHa  qf  Me 
jibbey  and  Cathedral  Chtrek  tf  BriMtU. 
4fo.  1 4  Plain,    liDogmBB  and  Go. 

WITHIN  the  last  forty  years  nnme* 
rous  works  have  been  pobYished  rela- 
tive to  Bristol,  a  city  highly  iateresting 
to  the  Historian,  the  Anuquary,  aS 
the  Artist,  on  account  of  the  ample 
materials  it  possesses  for  the  elucida- 
tion of  our  national  antiquities. 

Mr.  Barrett's  History  was  publtihed 
in  1789,  and  was  at  that  ttOMdadly 
welcomed  by  the  public.  A  Hutoiy 
of  Bristol,  by  Mr.  Joha  Cony,  wi» 
published  in  numbers,  about  1806;' 
and  was  also  well  received.  To  the 
Rev.  Samuel  Seyer  %ye  are  indebted 
for  a  new  Translation  of  the  *'Chaneis 
of  Bristol,"  published  in  1818^  aud  ten 

Siars  afterwards,  for  his '' Memoirs  of 
ristol.*'  These  are  both  valnahle 
publications,  and  have  been  duly'  imk 
ticed  in  our  pages. 

The  <*  Chronological  HiatXMy  o( 
Bristol "  has  since  been  published  by 
Mr.  Evans,  an  ingenious  printer,  yrho' 
was  unfortunately  killed  by  the  fallof 
the  Brunswick  Theatre;  and  the*'Brif-* 
tol  Memorialist"  is  a  similar  useful 
compendium.  To  Mr.  Brilton  we  are 
indebted  for  an  "  Historical  and  Aichi-. 
tectural  Essay  on  Redcliff  Church;"  an 
elegant  publication,  which  acquired 
for  its  author  deserved  celebrity.;  and 
which  probably  eventually  led  to  the 
publication  of  the  numerous  volomet, 
descriptive  of  our  Cathedrals,  the  lut* 
publisned  of  which  series  forms  the 
subject  of  our  present  notice. 

The  Cathedral  of  Bristol  is  the  rem- 
nant only  of  a  once  more  noble  build- 
ing, but  m  which  will  be  found  abeatt- 
tiful  example  of  the  Pointed  style,  and 
se\'eral  peculiarities  are  observable. 
The  side-aisles  of  the  choir  are  nited 
as  high  as  the  centre,  having  larae  win*- 
dows  to  compensate  the  lots  otan  up- 
per tier  usual  in  the  centre-aisles  of 
these  buildings.  Plainness  and  inele- 
gance characterize  the  outside  of  thit 
Cathedral ;  lightness,  beauty,  and  sin- 
gularity, are  united  in  the  interior. 

PI.  xii.  in  this  volume,  a  view  of  the' 
north  aisle,  shows  two  beautiful  pecu- 
liarities in  this  building.  The  arches 
which  divide  the  side-aisles  are,  we 
believe,  quite  unique.  The  olject  of 
the  architect  seems  to  have  been  to 
take  off  the  effect  of  the  bejgbt  of  the 
side-aisles,  which  ought  rfways  to  be. 
inferior  to  the  centre.    The  same  plate 


r«KT  I.]         Hbvirw, — Rrition'B  Hutory  oj  Ht'ultil  Cmlhtdral.         609 

alto  ihowi    ihc   rrmaikable    canopi**  ofihr  rircularftflc.  Thne wf re  proba- 

oTcr  the  Dionumcnls,  wliicli  sta  parti-  bly  ciccicd  by  Hobcn  Fili-Hardmg  in 

cubrtjp  handunic,  each  beint|  formnl  1 142.     A  woodrdt  in  p.  4fl,  ahowa  itic 

or  four  lepTnenii  of  arehea  inverted,  (orra  of  ihe  capilala,  baaci,  column*, 

having  crockcii,  ami  a  large  linial  al  rib  inouMinp,  airing  rourie,  athl  iin. 

every  pwnl.  iiiual  tracery  on  ibe  walli  at  Ihe  crnire 

The  Chapter  Houir,  coniisling  ol  of  (he  nonli  lide  of  ihia  loom.     Thii 

ihrw  aitlci  of  eoual  proportion,  and  iia  woodcui  we  are  |>ermiiied  lo  lay  bebre 

realibule  <ir  porcn,  ate  noble  rprcimeii*  our  rcadrn. 
of  Norman  architteiure,  beinx  wholly 


I'l.  Ui.  i»  a  view  of  thii  fine  Norman  "the  Commercial   Room*,''  have  all 

loom,  reilored  in  the  way  wc  iruit  (he  produced  Incalculable  benrfili  to  the 

original  building  will  mmd  be,  which  cily.      Nor  ihoulJ  iu  ipiriled    newa> 

U  at  pretenl  ladly  dialiguied  by  cum-  paper*  be  omilled,  when  enumeralinK 

mon  lath  wiDdow-rrainei,  and  ■  high  the  cause*  nf  ihe  happy  change.   "  For 

false  wnoden  floor.     I'be  older  Lady  nne  of  ihere,  "  FeliK   Farley's  Brialol 

Clta|itl  on  the  north  tide  of  the  Calhe-  Joornal,"  its  loyal  and  public- spiritnl 

dral,   Mr.  Britlon    ascribes   lo    Abbol  editor,  Mr.  Gutch,  wroie  a  nerlca  of 

Darid,  who  died   in    1V34.     Moat  of  Iciicra  under  the  signaiiireof'Coiroo.' 

the  oihcr   parts  of  the  Cathedral  are  wliich,  ills  believed,  produced  ajiower- 

of  one   age  and  character,   and    were  ful  iniprcsslnn  on  ihe  mindsofhii  fel* 

probably  erected   by  Abbot    Knowlr,  low-ciiiitns,aiiil  led  lo  manyimprove- 

who  nas  preferred  to  tbeabbey  in  l.loti.  tncnu  in  the  port  and  city." 

In  the  Preface  Mr  Brillon  nicntioni  Mr.  Driiton  gratefully  ■cknowlrdges 

the  connexion  of  hi*  own  fjuilly  with  liii  olilii-atiiini  to  Ur.  Becke,  Ihe  Dran 

Bristol,  which  be  obtervet  lias  prru-  of  Rrisinl ;  lo  G.  Weare  Brackenridic 

liar    elaion    un     hit    fcclinji^.      The  (in  whom  the  volume  ii  dedicated); 

"march   of  intellect*'    has   l>een    no-  and    lo   numecou*  other   friends   who 

where  more  rapid  in  il>  course  than  at  have  auisled  his  reiearchei.     "  Every 

Bristol.    At  no  remote  oeriud  the  Bria-  thing  connected  vriili  ihc  preienl  vo- 

loleani  were  siigmatitco  a*  mercenary  lume    ha*    been    of    •    pleating    and 

and  illitcraie ;  but  a  very  diAeteni  cha-  cheering  natorc."     But  for  his  tuccei* 

ractcr   now   pervade*  ii«   inhabiwni*.  in  thi*  in*ianc«,  Mr.  B.  matt  have 

"  The  Hrislol  Inaiiluiion."  ils  "  Lite-  conrhiileit  his  "  Cathedral  Antiquilict" 

r.iry  and    Philosophical  Sociriy,"  and  wilh  Gloncciter.     "Thus  tiipporied, 
nt»T.M.n.  S-rp'.  Vol.  r.  Pant  I. 

E 


610 


Rbvibw.— -George  Goliiian*a  Random  JRacordt.  [vol.   c< 


be  is  williDg  tode? ole  hit  eierliont  and 
abilitiet  in  pitwecoting  the  terics  to  • 
dote }  and  be  it  now  collecting  mate* 
rialt  for  the  Hiitorv  oF  the  Cauiedralt 
of  Herefo/d  and  Worceater.*' 

We  heartily  rcioice  at  this  determi- 
nation. It  woula  indeed  be  a  disgrace 
to  the  age,  if  this  verjr  valuable  and  in« 
teresting  series  of  Histories  of  our  Ca* 
thedrals  should  cease  for  want  of  pa- 
trooase.  We  regret  that  emolument, 
as  enlarged  as  it  is  deserved,  does  not 
accompany  the  publication  of  every 
one  of  these  beautiful  volumes;  but 
Mr.  Britton  may  have  at  least  this  con- 
solation, that  he  will  enrol  his  name 
amongst  the  worthies  of  his  country, 
*' although  he  may  fail  to  emblazon  it 
in  letters  of  gold,** 

Random  Records,    By  George  Caiman  the 

Younger.    9  uob.  poet  Bv6,    Colbom  and 

Bentlev. 

A  QUAKER  is  as  fit  a  person  for  a 
watering-place  master  of  tne  ceremo* 
nies,  as  a  reviewing  exciseman,  whose 
duties  lie  chiefly  with  what  the  coach* 
manism  of  modern  dialect  calls  "  heavy 
wet/*  is  for  determining  the  proof  and 
purity  of  Mr.  Col  man's  spirits,  wines, 
and  liqueurs.  Our  experience  does  not 
go  far  beyond  port  and  claret,  the  vi- 
nous gentry,  not  the  vinous  nobility^ 
But  even  in  our  obtuteness  of  palate, 
though  we  think  that  we  taste  some 
aqueous  dilution  in  prosy  accounts  of 
foigotten  plays  and  players,  yet  most 
excellent  is  the  treat  irom  the  pet  bin. 
Boisterous  has  been  our  cachinnation 
at  the  *'  Broad  Grins'*  of  our  author; 
and  as  Menander  says, 

ffVfjtfAafno'en  ^*  ivms  iu, 
Horace  "  dulce  est  desipere  in  loco,** 
and  Mr.  Col  man  translates  both  by 

**  It  is  very  pleasant  to  talk  nonsense  after 
ahman'*— i.  S97. 
— ^80  we  do  not  wish  to  be  without 

"  taste  or  ftncy  enough  fbr  the  gennine 
sportivenesa  of  table-talk — Co  be  dapper  dnl- 
laids  and  ftstidions  peikints  kU^fiyt  of  a 
eoavivial  party."— TMiil 

There  is  a  tempestiviiy  for  all  things ; 
and  our  author,  a  writer  of  comedies, 
naturally  says  with  the  man  in  Flautus, 

**  Jocos  ridieulos  vendo,  aglte  lioeminL" 

A  public-school  education  and  fashion- 
able society  have  ibncMg-mai/erec^Mr. 
Colman's  wit;  and  his  taste  is  of  the 
first  character.  He  is  neither  coarse  nor 
ill-natured.  We  only  wish  that  he  was 
younger,  for  an  *•  elderly  gentleman  " 
should  be  an  JEsop  in  his  facetious* 


nest ;  i.  e.  be  one  whoee  humour  ear"- 
riea  a  moral  with  it    Here,  however, 
wastop.    Mr.  Colnaan  it  a  wine  mer- 
diant,  and  we  shall  poor  ool  a  glaos  or 
two  of  hit  best.    Be  it  first,  howerer^ 
remembered,  that  the  wit  of  a  gentle* 
man  implies  knowledge  of  the  world, 
observation,  and  strong  sense.     He  », 
to  adopt  oar  author's  happy  manner, 
not  a  buffoon,  bat  a  tminng  philo- 
sopher over  a  bottle;    a   landscape- 
gardener  who  picturesques  table-talk, 
whose  trade  is  happiness,  but  who  un- 
selfishly delights  to  have  partners  in 
the  firm.    Be  it  also  reroemoered,  that 
misery  generates  bad  temper;  and  that 
it  is  better  to  laugh  off  trouble  than 
drink  it  off;  for  the  remedy  neither 
hurls  ourselves  nor  torments  those  who 
live  with  us.    Many  a  time  when  we 
have  been  suffering  under  gloomy  afiiic- 
tion  have  *'  Colman  and  Co.'*  oroken 
the  oppression  of  that  incubus;    we 
have  waked  with  the  Virgilian  line 
in  our  mouth, 

"  Snpcranda  omnis  foftmia  feiendo  eat ;" 

and,  resolved  tP  pull  up  in  future,  awav 
we  have  strotteo,  elated  and  superci- 
lious in  philosophical  **  cothurni.'' 

People  have  a  notion  that  school- 
boys are  the  happiest  of  mortals ;  but, 
says  our  author,  inter  aiia, 

**  What  are  the  beatitodas  of  a  •ebohatie 
paradise  ?  To  be  fittged,  flogged,  thumped, 
coerced  to  mental  kKor,  aadconstrained  in 
personal  liberty.    This  aukj  all  be  vary'pro- 

Cr  ud  salutary,  (so  is  phytic)  bet  it  is  not 
ppiness  t  and  there  is  very,  very  rarely,  an 
instance  of  a  boy,  while  be  it  in  one  of  theae 
prisons  for  the  body  and  treadmills  for  the 
mind,  irfao  it  not  aJwayi  ariahing  to  get  on! 
of  it,  and  to  get  home."*— i«  98. 

Masquerades,  sa^rs  Mr.  C,  are  fo- 
reigners, which  will  never  be  natu- 
ral ized  in  this  country. 

*'  An  English  private  maiquerade,  where 

Cople  are  strivbg  to  be  clever,  is  the  daJ- 
It  of  all  dolt  vivacity ;  a  public  one  is  tbe 
most  vulgar  of  vulgar  dissipation. 

*'  Then,  pouring  in,  come  Pnaohes,  Tnrb, 

and  Tailors, 
Heavy-heel'd  Harlequins  and  inland  Sailors » 
Jewt  without  Hebrew,  brogueless  Pats  from 

Cork, 
Aud  Godpoles  without  dialect  from  York. 
Attorney's  Clerks  as  Shepherds ;  doomM  to 
know  [show ; 

No  fields  but  those  which  Lbcoh's  Ino  can 
But  who,if  not  by  sheep,b]r  parchment  thrive, 
And  scrawl  upon  the  akins  they  never  drive. 
Her^  aongsters  squall,  lat  waltsers  there  ad- 
vance. 


t 


PAST  I.] 


To  enith  oar  (OM  witb  what  thtj  cdUdinM ; 
A  daoco  at  whieh  a  wdl-Uq|^hl  baar  wovid 

bliMhi 
Till  topper  U  aaaovootd — tad  than  a  rush ! 
The  mauct  gat  aaithar  Matt  nor  maata  aooofh. 
Rolls  ttaky  hasB  laak*  piaa  nooUj,  chios- 

cat  toogh; 
Cold  piraob  grown  warm,  dead  porter,  wiaa 

tbat't  roBiy 
And  vaitart  <  eoiaing' vlio  will  navar  coflM.'* 

These  are  lines  of  which  Swift  would 
DOt  have  been  ashamed. 

A  bowling  peen  Mr.  C.  calls  a  dull 
Tegetable  gaming^  table,  on  which  no- 
bodj  plajs  when  it  rains.^.  173. 

&ich  was  the  requisition  for  car- 
ria^,  to  see  the  private  theatricals  at 
Wiosuy,  that 

**  On  one  night  thera  ware  two  momrtuiig 
ooacAcf  waiting  in  the  Ptek,  whieh  had  eaeb 
broqgbt  a  mtrry  party  rftix  intida." — i.  969. 

One  of  his  college  tutors,  he  calls, 
from  his  imperturbable  phlegm,  a 
"  piece  of  sham  marble — Scagliola.** 
i.  866. 

We  have  read  of  Tartars  riding  a 
whole  sla^,  fast  asleep.  Mr.  Colmau 
•ajB  that  It  is  a  phenomenon  not  un- 
common to  soldiers  upon  a  distressing 
march.  His  servant  was  plodding  along 
in  this  state  of  somnambulism,  aud  Mr. 
C.  says, 

"  The  fellow's  eyas  were  fixed,  glsssj,  and 
half-tank  in  their  sockets,  while  be  stepped 
forward,  as  if  uocooseious  of  hit  proerctt ; 
I  night  have  fimcicd  nijtelf  followed  ^y  a 
corpse  upon  board  tn^ei."— ii.  149. 

We  have  recently  heard  of  gentlemen 
trampina  about  the  country  aa  mendi- 
cants. It  is  a  stale  Scotch  joke ;  for 
when  Mr.  C.  was  an  itinerant,  on  a 
fooi-woTt  pleasurable  tour,  in  a  "  shabby 
jacket  and  kilt,''  his  man,  to  salve  ap- 
pearances, represented  him  as  a  gentle- 
man roaming  over  the  country  Jar  a 
ir<mr."— ii.  170. 

He  mentions  a  Mr.  Silver,  a  surgeon. 
He  used  to  teaie  this  gentleman  with 
the  following  adage  from  the  Merchant 
of  Venice : 
•«  All  that  giiKsfff  IS  not  goU.'*-4i.  997. 

The  following  monition  should  be 
recollected  by  every  person  of  gouty 
diathesis : 

"  [Hit  lather]  had  govt  in  hit  habit,  whkb 
had  been  indicated  to  tlightly  that  be  neglect- 
ed the  hints  to  take  care  ol  hiaaself,  which 
Nature  had  mildly  thrown  out.  Cold  bath- 
ing u,  perhapt,  one  of  the  most  dangerous 
Invuries  in  which  an  elderly  man  can  indulge, 
when  so  formidable  an  enemy  it  lurking  in 
hit  coBstitatioo  :  the  gout  bavmg  been  rs- 


Rbtisw.— Ellk'a  Hkiorp  of  fTaifwumik. 


611 


pallad  by  rsMatad  aubmataioa  in  tha  saa, 
ao»  only  paiJyead  the  body,  but  diitainpafad 
•he  bfidn,  and  raaeon  waa  rabtafftad.''— fi. 
986. 

The  book  abounds  with  anecdotes 
of  the  gentleman's  kind.  One  we  shall 
give,  relative  to  the  old  adage  of  losing 
a  friend  for  a  joke. 

The  Hon.  Francis  North  wasdiniii|; 
for  the  first  time  with  the  Earl  of  Uaii- 
dajf,  a  DoUeman  of  the  vielle-cour 
dignity.  A  Quantity  of  excellent  cla- 
ret liad  been  drunk,  and  the  party  was 
about  to  break  op, 

'*  wbea  the  joyous  Francis,  who  sal  naat 
to  the  noble  host,  pot  his  hand  upon  tha 
Earl's  shoolder,  saying, «'  Coaae,  old  Ddfj, 
let  ut  have  one  more  bottle  of  your  Elixir." 
The  reqoetted  Elixir  wat  prodooed,— but  the 
Earl  never  gave  my  friend  a  seoood  invi- 
tation.*' 

Flashes  of  wit,  Attic  salt,  and  inte- 
resting sketches  of  character,  which 
strengthen  good  sense  and  promote  su- 
perior tasie»  abound  in  this  book.  It 
belongs  to  the  library  of  men  of  the 
world ;  and  knowledge  of  the  world  it 
the  art  of  navintion  to  those  who  live 
in  it;  for  as  life  is  composed  of  sea 
and  earth,  men  should  know  how  tm 
be  mariners,  as  well  as  landsmen. 


The  Hisionf  and  AniUpdtiee  if  the  borough 
and  town  qf  ffeymouih  and  Mdcombe  Re* 
gis.  By  George  Alfred  Ellis,  ^Wrgeon,  ^. 
8w.  pp.  969. 

WEYMOUTH  and  iu  consort, 
Melcombe,  have  been  hitherto  deemed 
destitute  of  any  remote  claims ;  but  Mr. 
Ellis  has  lent  some  support  to  Baxter's 
opinion,  that  one  was  the  Claviniom 
ot  Ravennas,  from  the  discovery  of  a 
Vicinal  way,  leading  to  the  Ikenild- 
street,  aud  Romaii  coins  (o.  3) ;  but  the 
first  actual  mention  of  Weymouth  ia 
in  the  foundation  charter  of  the  Abbi^ 
of  Milton  by  Athelstan.  It  was  erected 
by  that  Prince  in  expiation  of  the  mur- 
der of  his  half-brother.  Prince  Edwin, 
by  exposure  in  an  open  boat  on  the 
sea,  because,  as  Athelstan  allmd,  be 
was  ensased  in  a  conspiracy  to  diethrone 
him.  Mr.  Ellis  gives,  however,  the 
following  curious  account  of  Edwin's 
offence : 

"  Prince  Edwin,  it  appears,  had  visitad 
the  East,  and  while  tbcra  had  bean  initiatad 
into  the  subfima  mysteries  of  fiaemaeoury : 
on  hit  return  he  instituted  a  grand  1od|ga  at 
York,  was  elected  grand  BMSter  at  the  cnh 
in  England,  and  formed  the  eoMtitataoa  of 


RKViBW.--^Wariier'8*  Lilerarif  RecolUeii6nt. 


612 


the  Eoglitli  lodges.  It  *w  more  than  p 
ble  tlwt  the  neceetary  meetiiij^  of  the  enft, 
whose  sublime  mysteriei  are  evcloded  from 
tlie  pro&oe  eyes  of  the  eommutdt  mUguit 
were  the  caine  of  this  luipioion  of  hit  oon- 
•piring  agaiott  the  throne  of  hU  brother, 
and  led  to  his  murder.*'-— p.  4. 

Wc  recommend  Mr.  Ellis  to  ibc  pa- 
tronage of  ihe  Craft ;  for  in  p.  33  he  also 
informs  us,  that 

«  Ralph  de  Monthermer  Mas  raised  to  the 
decree  of  gmd  roaster  of  the. beautiful  and 
sublime  mysteries  of  freemasonry  in  all  £n|^ 
land,  at  the  death  of  Gilb.  de  Clare,  1980." 

As  he  married  a  widow  of  Clare,  we 
are  therefore  to  presume  that  the  ^^rand 
mastership  was  then  a  heir-loom  in  the 
Clare  family. 

Another  curious  circumstance  con- 
nected %vtth  Weymouth  is  its  being  a 
favourite  port  for  the  embarkation  of 
pilgrims  to  Compostella. 

« In  the  year  1498,  996  pilgrims  sailed 
from  England ;  vie.  from  London,  980 ; 
Bristol,  900  {  and  Weymonth,  999.  It  ap- 
pears that  the  inhabitants  buih  ships  on 
purpose  to  cooTsy  the  pilgrims."— p.  iia. 

We  shall  next  extract  a  passage, 
which  shows  a  method  taken  by  Go- 
Yernment  to  prevent  insurrection,  and 
what  was  deemed  a  good  income  for 
a  Member  of  Parliament. 

«  lOth  Henry  VI.  1 488.-— Under  pretence 
of  the  country  beiog  overrun  with  robbers 
(which  was  a  mere  subterfuge) ,  as  the  real 
object  in  view  was  the  detection  of  those 
who  were  the  adherents  of  the  house  of 
York,  four  commissioners  were  empowered  to 
summon  and  tender  an  oath  to  persons  of 
quality  to  keep  the  peace,  both  themselves 
and  their  retainers.  The  commissioners  vi- 
sited most  of  the  towns  in  this  county ;  in 
Melcombe,  the  only  individuals  who  save  in 
their  nsmes  were  the  twoM.P.*s  for  tne  bo- 
rough, Philip  Leweston  and  WiUiam  Corfe ; 
these  are  stated  to  be  considerable  men,  and 
able  to  disperse  12l.  per  annum  each  indivi- 
dual."—p.  US. 

This  sum,  multiplied  by  Mr.  Ellis's 
own  ratio,  (fifteen)  is  180/.  per  annum  ; 
but  the  fact  is,  that  mere  multiplication 
by  any  number  will  not  giye  an  accu- 
rate iaea  of  real  value ;  nor  is  the  price 
of  wheat  any  better  standard ;  for  the 
date  here  is  1433,  and  Fleetwood  says* 
(Chronic.  Precios.  p.  103,  ed.  8vo.) 
that  in  1434,  though  a  wet  year,  wheat 
was  sold  in  many  places  of  the  king- 
dom at  1/.  6^.  3a.  per  Quarter;  but  that 
at  the  end  of  the  year  (ollowingit  sunk 
ap;ain  to  the  usual  coiimiuii  price  of  a 
quarter  about  that  tiuK*,  5s.  4d,  ;  aud 


[fol.'C 


in  1439,  tliToiIgh  scarcity,  rosesigffin  to 
1  /.  6s,  Sd.    Wc  know  that  in  our  own 
times,  wheat  is  so  affected  by  seasons 
of  plenty  or  scarcity,  that  the  prices 
vary  far  too  much  for  a  standard ;  and 
if  we  take  Browne  Willis's  scale  of  5/. 
per  annum,  as  the  cost  of  board  for  a 
parish  priest,  then  the  12/.  peraanum 
of  the  said    members  of  parliament 
would  only  maintain  two  persons  and 
a  boy.     In  short,  unless  we  can  get  at 
the  actual  price  of  every  article  ofcon- 
sumption  at  the  time  being,  and  the 
necessary  expenditure  of  the  quantum 
per  annum  of  each,  we  cannot  tell  how 
much  of  such  articles  twelve  pounds 
per  annum  would  furnish.    One  fact  is 
only  apparent :  that,  in  modern  times, 
not  price  only,  but  intrinsic  ^-alue  it 
also  greatly  altered ;  for  Bishop  Fleet- 
wood tells  us,  that  while  at  this  period 
wheat  was  only  about  Sid.  the  bushel, 
fine  cloth  for  surplices  (see  p.  108),  was 
8rf;  the  ell :  thai  is,  of  the  value  of  a 
bushel  of  wheat,  and  uking  the  mo- 
dern cost  of  a  bushel  at  10«.  6d  no 
fine  linen  for  surplices  now  costs  anj- 
thing  like  such  a  sum  ;  so  that  while 
in   former  times  manufactured  goods 
far  exceeded  agricultural  produce^  in 
value,  the  converse  of  the  proposition 
has  now  ensued. 

Wc  willingly  give  every  credit  to 
Mr.  Ellis  for  his  useful  work. 

Literary  RecoUectiont.    By  the  Rm.Rmhacd 
Warner,  F,A^,  ^c.  9fc.  See,  9  twJ.  8t». 

MR.  WARNER  has  distinguished 
himself  by  his  worthy  endeavours  to 
vindicate  rational  piety,  which  those 
who  ought  to  know  better  have  been 
foolishly  striving  to  extinguish.  He 
was  influenced,  ne  says  (ii.  308)  by  the 
axiom  of  Paley,  that  he  who  makes 
Christianity  most  raiional,  makes  ii 
roost  credible.  This  is  undeniable,  for 
by  reference  to  natural  philosophy,  it 
will  be  deariy  seen  that  he  who  makes 
the  word  of  God  irreconcileable  with 
the  laws  of  his  Providence,  is  unquali- 
fied for  a  teacher,  and  substitutes  the 
enthusiasm  of  the  ignorant  for  the 
knowledge  of  the  learned.  Hence  it 
happens,  says  Mr.  Townsend,  that  one 
of  the  roost  strenuous  advocates  of  that 
mode  of  instruction  which  is  generally 
called  Evangelical,  has  written  an  essay 
on  the  aversion  of  men  of  taste  to  evan- 
gelical religion.  Now  the  confession 
that  men  of  taste  can  be  adverse  to 
evangelical  religion,  while  they  arc  not 


PART    I.] 


Rbtibw.— >Wmroer*s  Liierarf  RteoUeetUms. 


618 


ndvefie  to  the  volume  of  tcriptore  tnd 
the  truth  of  orthodox  Christianity,  it, 
he  says,  the  lererett  condemnation  of 
that  tyitem  of  initruction  which  is 
called  evangelical. 

If  taste,  therefore,  be  the  result  of 
knowledge,  cultivation  of  intellect,  and 
mental  refinement,  we  reiterate  from  our 
notice  of  the  last  report  of  the  Humane 
Society,  (p.  539)  ^^^  ^^^  miracles  vir- 
tually achieved  bv  scientific  men,  show 
that  the  Almighty  permits  his  works 
to  be  understoml  oy  them  alone,  and 
that  Providence  patronises  ihem,  and 
noi  devotees,  because  Hisiory  proves, 
that  the  latter  cause  the  Bible  to  be- 
come an  engine  of  mischief;  an  evil 
not  to  be  ascribed  to  scientific  men, 
and  inconsistent  with  the  divine  in- 
tention. 

Mr.  Warner  was  born  in  London, 
and  like  most  other  London  boys,  and 
some  country  ones,  commenced  his 
studies  with  Tom  Thumb,  Jack  the 
Giant  Killer,  and  the  Seven  Cham- 
pions ;  heroes  whose  high  fame  and 
eiploits  we  also  recollect  with  much 
pleasure.  He  was  next  taken  to  see  a 
pby,  and  attempted  the  dagger-scene 
in  Macbeth  with  a  carving  knife. 
When  five  years  old,  he  was  imprisoned 
in  one  of  those  jails  for  boys,  entitled 
a  boarding  school ;  and  bitterly  com- 

f>tains  of  their  penitentiary  diet.  Here 
le  stayed,  till  he  had  acquired  the  usual 
elementary  Latin,  preparatory  to  the 
Greek  grammar,  and  then  removed 
with  his  father  to  Lymington  in  Hamp- 
shire. Of  this  place  he  speaks  aflfec- 
tionately,  and  mentions  various  ac- 
quaintance ;  among  them  a  Mr.  Dun- 
kerly  and  a  Miss  Bere.  The  former  we 
also  knew.  He  was  the  reputed  natu- 
ral son- of  George  the  Second,  and  to 
him,  not  to  George  the  Third,  as  Mr. 
Warner  says,  he  bore  a  strong  facial 
resemblance.  We  have  read  a  confu- 
tation of  his  presumed  origin,  but  from 
his  pension  and  interviews  with  mem- 
bers of  the  royal  family,*  as  well  as 
personal  likeness,  we  believe  his  claims 
to  have  been  just.  A  more  romantic 
story  is  that  of  Miss  Bere.  A  Mrs. 
Hack  man  wanted  a  weeder  for  her 
ffarden.  John  the  footman  brought  a 
little  girl  from  the  workhouse,  who, 
like  a  bee,  sang  at  her  work.  Her  mis- 
tress, pleased  with  the  rich  melody  of 

*  Ofooe  of  tbtM  interviews  he  gave  at  aa 
account,  which,  noder  foiurt  opportnnitj, 
wt  may  publish. — Rsv. 


her  voice,  ordered  her  to  be  introduced ; 
and,  being  pleased  with  her  manoeri, 
promoted  her  from  the  workhouse  to 
the  kitchen,  as  cook's  deputy.  Her  de- 
portment was  so  good,  that  she  was 
soon  preferred  to  m  ladya  maid,  and 
carefully  instructed  in  elementary  edu- 
cation. In  this  situation  she  made 
herself  so  agreeable  to  her  mistress  by 
an  uncommon  sweetness  of  temper, 
gentleness  of  disposition,  and  feminioe 
softness  of  character,  that  she  was  soon 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  a  humble 
friend,  and  ultimately  was  adopted  and 
educated  u  a  daughter.  She  became 
highljr  accomplished,  and  attracted  the 
attention  of  a  younf  clergyman,  who 
came  to  Lymington  for  autumnal  bath- 
ing and  partridge  shootins.  He  made 
her  an  offer,  but,  as  he  had  only  his 
living,  and  she  had  no  fortune,  it  was 
judged  prudent  that  the  afl&ir  should 
be  dropt.  It  was  so,  to  all  appearance 
entirely,  but  in  the  ensuing  season,  the 
Rev.  gentleman  returned,  "  a  Dean  ,'* 
renewed  hisofier,  which  was  accepted ; 
and  a  few  years  ago 

"  the  IHtle  warbliog  pauper,  Nsney  Bere, 
of  Lymington  workhome,  quitted  this  tem- 
poral being,  the  nnivertally  lamented  widow 
of  the  Right  Rev.  Thonas  Thurlow,  Pala- 
tine Bbhop  of  Dorham."— i.  61. 

Mr.  W.  was  next  sent  to  school  at 
Christchurch,  and  gives  us  an  interest- 
ing account  of  the  Corporation,  which 
was  composed  as  usual,  in  the  main, 
of  unlettered  borough  magnates,  who 
drank  at  every  civic  festival,  in  a 
bumper, 
*<  PaospaasTioir — to  this  CoaroaATioN." 

The  noble  parish  church  first  incited 
him  to  antiquarian  speculations,  which 
he  took  up  with  all  the  characteristic 
ardour  of  tne  profession ;  and  in  so  do- 
ing was  (as  usual)  hoaxed  bv  the  disco- 
very of,  as  he  presumed,  a  Roman  tho- 
rax, which  proved  to  be  only  the  side  of 
an  old  stable  lantern.  He  enlivens  this 
part  of  his  biography  with  most  inte- 
resting ana  of  various  eminent  men, 
who  visited  Mr.  Gustavns  Braiulery  at 
Christchurch  Priory,  and  proves  him- 
self a  superior  rucon/etir,  by  the  flavour 
of  his  anecdote.  He  left  Christchurch 
school,  under  a  promise  of  being  ad- 
mitted a  foundationer  at  Winchester. 
The  promiser,  who  ought  to  have  re- 
flected 4]pon  the  expense  to  which  he 
had  put  the  father,  and  the  vesationa 
feelings  which  he  would  occasion,  told 
him  u|>on  the  day  of  examiiuuioii,  that 


614 


Ret  iBW^-— Warner's  Literary  ReeoUedwju.  {jol.  c. 


a  noble  patron  had  solicited  the  sitoa- 
iion  intended  for  Warner,  and  that  it 
was  impossible  for  him  to  resist  such  a 
solicitation.  Thus  disappointed,  the  un- 
successful candidate  very  properly  deter- 
mined, though  without  hope,  to  en- 
counter the  examination,  and  did  so 
with  credit.  He  was  then,  as  darkly 
hinted,  placed  in  an  attorney's  office, 
a  situation  most  curious  for  a  person  of 
mind.  He  is  obliged  to  divide  his  "  in- 
ward man*'  into  two  compartments; 
one  to  attend  to  the  drudgery  before 
him,  the  other  to  think  of  such  amuse- 
ments as  commonly  engross  the  atten- 
tion of  youths,  who  are  only  distin- 
guished from  boys  by  having  ceased  to 
grow. 

A  lawyer,  however,  is  no  other  than 
a  police  officer  in  civil  offences,  and  a 
very    useful  and  necessary  person  for 
the  protection  of  property ;  and  it  does 
not  appear  that  such  men  as  Mr.  War- 
ner have  the  knowing  cast  of  character 
suited  to  biped  foxes.     He  was  there- 
fore transferred  to  St.  Mary  Hall,  Ox- 
ford, for  the  purpose  of  becoming  a 
clergyman.     When  eijght  terms  had 
been  kept,  he  was  offered  the  curacy 
of  Boldre,  co.  Hants,  under  that  man 
who  deserved  Westminster  Abbey,  the 
unrivalled  Gilpin.     For  the  purpose  of 
ordination  without  a  degree,  interest 
was  made  with   the    Archbishop    of 
York,  and  the  favour  was  granted  in  a 
manner  highly  honourable  to  both  par- 
ties.    With  this  event  is  connected  the 
following  anecdote.    Northern  Prelates 
are  compelled  by  circumstances  to  or- 
dain men  who  are  called  Literates;  by 
University  students, "^orMern  Lights, 
At  the  ordination  solemnity,  Mr.War- 
ner  met  with  one  of  these  candidates, 
whom  he  describes  as  a  man  in  his  full 
court  dress ;  i.  e.  a  dark  blue  coat  of 
antic^ue  cut,  a  black  waistcoat  and  inex- 
pressibles, and  speckled  worsted  stock- 
ings, with  the  addition  of  a  large  head, 
bearing  a  thick  crop  of  raven  locks, 
oiled  and  shining  like  a  mallard's  wing. 
This  personage,  at  the  dinner,  never 
having  been  in  fashionable  society,wa8 
puzzled    by    the    water-glasses.      He 
watched,  however,  the  rest  of  the  com- 
pany, and  succeeded  very  well  in  imi- 
tating the  necessary  ablutions  and  puri- 
fications of  the  face  and  mouth ;   but, 
after  having  so  done,   drank  all  the 
soiled  water  off  at  a  draught !  (i.  9QB), 
He  was,  nevertheless,  the  happiest  man 
in  the  world.     Why,  Mr.  Warner  thus 
explains : 


«<  Ha  WM  the  Mm  ofa  koBblt  Yorfcshim 
fiuiaer;  had  reeeived  a  modewta aducitio 
at  one  of  the  cheap  seiiiiaariee  in  hie  native 
eouotrj ;  bed  married  a  peeeaat's  daaghtCTy 
the  prolific  mother  of  hts  six  healthy  chil- 
dren ;  and  bad  kept,  for  soma  years,  a  samll 
school,  in  a  remote  and  nafireqnented  spot  in 
that  part  of  England.     It  had  been,  he  said, 
his  long-indolged  wish  and  lugbest  ambition 
to  be  admitted  to  holy  orders ;  and  to  ob» 
tain  the  curacy  of  the  parish  in  whidi  he  re- 
sided.   *  And  now,'  eontinued  he,  '  Sir,  Pkro- 
vidence  has  granted  that  wish,  and  I  am  the 
happiest  man  in  the  world.    The  prafita  of 
my  school  are  about  70^  a  year ;  and  that, 
added  to  the  25t  which  I  shall  reoeivefrom  the 
curacy,  will  give  me  an  income  of  nearly  1  GDI. 
per  annum.'    *  But  it  will  leqaire  much  eco- 
nomy, my  good  friend,'  said  I, '  to  make  this 
small  sum  supply  the  wants  ol  so  large  a  fii- 
mily  as  yonr*s.^     '  Why  not.  Sir,'  he  briskly 
replied,  *  we  have,  thank  God,  done  very 
comfortably,  even  hitherto;  and  surely,  toi/^ 
such  an  addition,  I  cannot  fSmr  that  we  should 
now  do  worse.     Besides,  Sir,  f  suffer  no  on- 
necessary  expences  in  my  fiimily ;  nor  am  I 
a  spendthrift  myself.    Tne  coat  I  hava  on 
was  made  for  my  marriage,  sixteen  vears  ago. 
I  have  no  occasion  for  a  horse,  for  i  can  walk 
my  forty  miles  a  day ;  and  as  for  a  carriage, 
I  was  never  in  one  in  all  my  life  before  to- 
night; except,  when  very  young,  I  onoe 
travelled  firom  Donoaater  to  York  In  the 
stage-coach.    No,  Sir,  I  have  no  ftars,  and 
am,  thank  God,  the  happiest  man  in  the 
world,* "— i.  899. 

The  biographical  account  of  Gilpin 
is  too  long  for  us  to  notice,  but  it  does 
Mr.  Warner  high  credit.  Gilpin,  it 
seems,  abhorred  the  conviviality  of  a 
dinner  party,  for  he  said, 

'*  It  is  amons  my  infirmities,  to  think 
conversation  spoiled  by  the  conviviality  of 
eating  and  drinking,  and  the  clashing  of  cupe 
and  plates,  and  table  compliments,  and  ser- 
vants waitbg,  and  twenty  other  et  eetens. 
I  was  never  fond  of  eating  and  drinking ; 
but  from  habit  I  have  now  taken  a  thoroagh 
d'lslike  to  them  both ;  and  never  dine  ploi- 
santly  but  on  my  own  bit  of  motton,  and  a 
draogitt  of  small  beer  after  it  (for  i  never 
drink  wine,)  and  so  the  Job  b  over."—- (i. 
859.) 

Mr.  Warner  speaks  nest  of  a  visit  to 
Hereford,  and  mentions  with  a  justculo- 
gium  a  friend  with  whom  we  were  alio 
acquainted,  the  late  James Wathen,  esq. 
"  Few  men,"  he  truly  observes, "  could 
compare  with  him  in  siogleaeas^  of 
heart,  blamelessness  of  life,  and  mild- 
ness and  benevolence  of  spirit."  He 
used  to  reside  chiefl]^  at  Hereford,  a 
most  social  place,  until 

'<  A  clergyman  of  the  new  school  had 
gotten  footing  in  that  city,  and  his  novel 


PART  !•] 


HmriMWj^'Tke  Family  CUMical  Library. 


61% 


doetriMt  toott  htrodwetd  tad  diffvMd  thtir 
ctMtomary  uiti-«T»iigtUcd  tff!Nt»— tpiritiMl 
pridt  and  want  of  emritv }  polraiMl  vnn- 
gliag  and  toeial  diacord  i  Um  aeparatioa  of 
'*  vary  frieaday'*  aod  vorae  thas  all,  dit Uiosa 
la  domatuc  circlaa.  Mj  fncod»  whoao  miod 
«aa  deeply  imbuad  with  the  maek  aod  oiild 
apirit  ox  tna  Goapel ;  his  aadanUadiag  en- 
tiralj  cooTiDced  by  iu  simple  aod  raaa<»abla 
taoeu  {  aod  hit  lira  regulated  by  its  salutary 
and  benevoleot  precepts — saw  with  equid 
dismay  and  sorrow  the  '*  progress"  of  these 
strance  opinions  among  nis  former  friends 
and  nuniliar  associates ;  and  has  repeatedly 
commonloatcd  to  me  instances  tnat  had 
&llen  under  hb  own  knowledge  of  their  per- 
nicious influeoce»  in  severing  the  firmest  in- 
timacies, dissohrins  the  nearest  natural  ties, 
and  obliterating  the  very  form  and  fashion 
of  innocent  hilarity.  He  was  well  aware  that 
to  disrobe  religion  of  her  meekness,  benevo- 
lence, and  cheerfulness,  was  nut  only  to  alter 
her  character,  but  to  destroy  her  very  na- 
ture ;  and  he  rightly  conceived  that  the  tem- 
ple '*  of  our  most  holy  fiuth,"  in  the  soul  of 
man,  must  be  built  upon  and  supported  by 
the  grand  corner-stones  of  humility  and 
CHAtlTY." — i.  887. 

Similar  results  have  ensued  else- 
where, because  it  is  impossible  to  force 
opifiioDs  in  religioo  and  politics,  with- 
out creating  violent  (actions  ;  and  the 
wrath  of  man  worketh  not  the  righ- 
teousness of  God !  *'  There  are  two 
modes,'*  says  Gilpin,  "  of  inculcating 
the  Gospel ;  one  through  the  channel  m 
the  imagination,  the  other  through  that 
of  reason.  The  former  is  more  adapted 
to  the  ignorant  and  unenlightened  part 
of  mankind,  who  cannot  reason  nor 
see  the  force  of  evidence.  Enthusiasts 
accordingly  apply  to  the  imaflination, 
aod  endeavour  to  inspire  ardent  fer- 
vours ;  but  this  mode  will  not  do  with 
the  educated.  Their  reason  must  be 
convinced."  (Sec  our  author,  i.  368.) 
Indeed,  philosophers  can  determine  the 
state  of  intellect  and  reason  in  aov 
place,  by  the  modes  of  religion  which 
are  proiesKd  in  it.  Under  similar  or 
even  difiering  amounts  of  population, 
the  number  of  conventicles  indicates 
the  proportion  of  ignorant  and  unintel- 
lectual  inhabitants.  One  paltry  town  iu 
Wales  has,  comparatively  at  least,  far 
more  of  the  former,  than  the  immense 
parish  of  St.  George's,  Hanover-square, 
knowing  also  that  history  lends  no  en* 
couragement  to  fanaticism,  philosophers 
believe  that  education  is  favourable  to  the 
spread  of  reason ;  and  of  course  that  it 
counteracts  the  baneful  efiSects,  which 
history  so  prominently  esthibits. 

This  work  is  too  cntertaimng  to  be 


hastily  dismined :  we  shall  therefore 
reserve  the  second  volume  for  another 
notice,  in  our  next  Part. 

71^  FlamiUf  Ctastical  Library.  No,  11.  De- 
moithmn — Salbut,  No.  Ill,  AJmoDAon.— 
Printed  by  yiatpytfar  Colbum  and  Bentley. 

THE  first  volume  of  the  «<  Family 
CUasical  Library,"  we  have  before  no- 
ticed. Of  the  utility  and  benefit  of  Mr. 
Valpy*s  plan,  we  need  not  speak,  be- 
cause it  IS  manifest. 

With  regard  to  these  particular  vo- 
lumes, Demosthenes,  Sallust,  and  Xe- 
nophou,  they  are  excellent  studies  for 
all  those  who  prefer  matter  to  manner^ 
and  would  unite  oracular  and  lacooio 
brevity.  To  statesmen,  to  lawyers,  to 
business-men  of  all  kinds,  the  study  of 
such  a  style  and  manner  as  these  three 
writers  teach,  is  indispensable.  De- 
mosthenes had  the  strong  sense  and  cor- 
rect judgment  of  an  accomplished  man 
of  the  world.  He  not  only  used  proper 
words  in  proper  places,  '*  had  thougnts 
that  breathe  and  words  that  burn,"  but 
when  frivolous  teatemenis  occurred, 
he  brushed  them  off  in  the  judicious 
form  of  levity  and  humour.  Witoeu 
his  puns  upon  Cmci  vi4a  aut  i^/ii#,and 
na^i  and  xoXol;  (see  Lycoethenia 
Apothegmau,  pp.  10,  96)  aod  many 
other  similar  anecdotes. 

We  do  not  think  that  Englishmen 
have  a  clear  conception  of  the  won- 
derful power  of  the  oratory  of  Demoe* 
tbenes.  It  is  not  likely  that  they  should, 
because  they  cannot  enter  into  the  feel- 
ings or  circumstances  of  the  times,  or 
sympathise  with  the  viva  voct  delivery 
of  (10  use  Mr.  Paterson's  phrase)  tba 
"  melodious  thunderer.'*  But  this  it 
not  what  we  mean.  All  the  characters 
given  of  him  by  such  of  our  writers  as 
we  have  seen,  are  tame.  Comnarisona 
have  been  made  between  him  and 
Cicero;  while  nothing  more  was  ii»> 
cessary  than  to  say,  that  the  former 
could  only  rise  to  a  storm,  while  tkm 
latter  was  always  a  hurricane.  Boi, 
according  to  our  judgment,  the  most 
correct  opinion  we  can  form  of  the 
orations  of  Demoathenes*  is  by  assimi- 
lating the  eflect  of  them  to  that  of  tho 
Letters  of  Junius.  We  are  persuaded 
that  the  celebrated  Greek  waa  closely 
studied  by  the  great  political  epistoliat ; 
aod  we  can  see  in  the  latter  not  onlj 
imitation  of  the  matter,  but  even  of  die 
style  and  model,  in  the  conoiaonesa 
and  measure  of  the  iangtiage  and  sen- 


616 


Rbvienv.— -Ti^  Familtf  Clamcal  Library. 


[vol.  c. 


ences.  In  both  these  writers  are  evi- 
dent tokens  of  study ;  and  both  made 
similar  powerful  impressions  upon  the 

f>ublic  mind  ;  the  influence  of  the  ce- 
ebrated  Letters,  under  far  more  unfa- 
vourable circumstances,  having  been 
fully  equal  to  that  of  the  Greek  Ora- 
tions ;  and  we  hesitate  not  to  say,  that 
in  literary  merit,  the  Letters  success- 
fully rival  them.  In  short,  we  think 
that  the  Orations  of  Demosthenes  and 
the  Letters  of  Junius  are  the  only  two 
works  which  have  sufficient  analogy 
to  be  proper  subjects  of  comparison. 

The  style  of  Demosthenes  is  known 
to  he  of  that  xra  when  the  language 
had  attained  its  most  perfect  state,  and 
for  the  purpose  of  pleasing  "  aures  te- 
retes  atque  religiosas"  (see  Cic.  Orat. 
ix.)  had  been  arranged  even  upon  musi- 
cal construction  (Paterson*s  Essay,  p. 
33).  Add  to  this,  that  all  the  techni- 
cal minutiae  and  elegances  of  diction 
were  studied  by  the  great  orator ;  and 
to  our  ears  the  rhythm  of  his  sentences 
is  so  palpable  as  to  resemble  the  steps 
of  a  march.  Nor  is  this  all ;  we  fancy 
that  the  words  are  so  assorted,  from  at- 
tention to  their  respective  sounds,  that 
every  word  in  recitation  must  be  arti- 
culated distinctly,  and  that  the  most 
hasty  enunciation  could  not  run  them 
into  each  other.  This  appears  to  have 
been  effected  by  each  of  the  contiguous 
words  having  dissimilar  sounds.  When 
this  character  of  the  diction  be  added 
to  the  strengthiness  of  the  ideas,  it  will 
appear  that  no  work  can  be  more  fit 
for  teaching  the  language  and  forming 
the  mind. 

The  notes  and  illustrations  of  Mr. 
Barker  prove  his  masterly  knowledge  of 
the  language,  and  give  to  the pupiland 
student  most  valuable  assistance. 

In  narration,  the  useful  brevity  of 
Sallust,  without  his  self-conceit,  may 
be  excellently  imitated ;  and  it  is,  in 
our  opinion,  a  fortunate  circumstance 
that  the  foppery  of  his  taste  does  not 
appear  in  the  translation  with  anything 
like  the  prominence  of  the  original. 

Xenophon,  says  a  perfect  judee, 
(Bishop  Huntineford)  is  "  among  the 
Greek  authors  the  most  chaste,  pure, 
simple,  and  elegant,  in  his  style  and 
diction."  In  the  preface  to  this  work, 
it  is  justly  said  that 

"  The  simplicity  and  the  elecance  of  Xe- 
nophon's  diction  have  procured  nim  the  name 
of  Athenian  Muse,  and  the  Bee  of  Greece  ; 
and  they  have  induced  Quintiliao  to  say, 
that  the  Graces  dictated  his   laneua/re,  and 


ihat  the  GoddeM  of  Persuasion  dwelt  oa  hia 
lipa."'-p.  xaiv. 

Xenophon  appears  to  have  had  that 
felicitous   temperament    which   natu- 
rally made  him  a  wise  man ;  and,  at 
an  nistorian,  a  general,  and  a  philo- 
sopher, he  acquired  from  his  wisdom, 
(or,  as  we  invidiously  lower  the  title^ 
prudence,)  a  powerful  ascendancy.  But 
neither  as  an  historian,  a  seneral,  or 
a  philosopher,  is  he  placed  by  fame  in 
the  hifth  situation   due  to  him.     He 
drew   his  pretensions  from    conduct, 
which  can  only  be  understood  by  de- 
tail, and  in  detail  no  one  takes  ao  inte- 
rest but  a  party  concerned.    As  a  ge- 
neral, he  evinced,  perhaps,  in  his  re- 
treat, more  military  science  than  Epa- 
minondas  and  Miltiades ;  and  as  a  phi- 
losopher, more  sound  wisdom  than  his 
compatriots,    the  Charlatan    philoso- 
phers.    But  wisdom  is  an  unoolrusive 
quality,  and  fame  is  conferred   only 
upon  splendour;  as  diamond  is  always 
eminent,  though  the  most  useful  of 
all  minerals,  iron,  is  not  ao. 

The  Anabasis  is  a  story  beautifully 
told  in  its  details.  Xenophon  must 
have  kept  a  diary  of  all  the  minute  cir- 
cumstances; and,  by  so  doing,  have 
been  confident  of  ultimate  success,  for 
otherwise  he  could  not  have  desired  re- 
miniscence. His  taste,  the  result  of 
judgment,  instinctively  prompted  dia- 
crimination  and  selection;  and,  taking 
into  consideration  that  he  had  no  choice 
of  materials,  and  no  means  of  borrow- 
ing from  imagination,  he  was,  perhaps, 
the  first  of  that  class  of  persons  whom 
the  French  call  raconteurs.  The  es- 
sence of  this  consists  in  the^Mmnrw^Ky 
i.  e.  rendering  an  action  or  situation, 
by  words,  visible  to  the  eye.  Of  this 
excellence,  a  very  fine  specimen  is  the 
description  of  a  field  of  battle  after  the 
defeat  of  Galgacus  by  Tacitus,  **  Rari 
autem  palantes,'*  &c.  Nearly  in  the 
same  light  do  wc  view  the  Anabasis  of 
Xenophon.  We  account  it  a  series  of 
historical  pictures,  admirably  painted. 

Of  the  great  merit  of  Spclman's 
translation,  here  reprinted,  it  is  suffi- 
cient to  say,  that  it  is  truly  Greek  in 
style  and  idiom  ;  a  camera  lucida  draw- 
ing of  the  original.  Mr.  Williams,  in 
his  Geography  of  Asia,  has  illustrated 
very  successfully  the  march  of  the 
Greeks. 

Had  we  room  for  extracts,  we  should 
select  some  passages  from  p.  144,  etseq., 
because  thevsen'e  to  illustrate  our  own 
British  earinworks.     Every  one  knows 


rAiT  f.]      B.twnw,r—SpMth  «/&  P.  nemton,  Eiq.  tf.P. 


«ir 


our  naiiomi  fortrpttet  on  the  toonnitt 
of  hillt,  wiih  their  triple  terraces  and 
tingle  oblique  entrance.  That  these 
were  places  of  refa^,  whither,  under 
danger,  our  aboriginal  inhabitants  re- 
treated wiih  their  families  and  cattle, 
is  stated  by  various  Roman  writers; 
but  Xenophon  seems  to  suggest  one 
use  at  least  of  the  triple  valla,  and  ob« 
lique  ascent ;  vis.  for  the  purpose  of 
overwhelming  assailants  with  heavy 
stones.  That  the  Britons  did  use  these 
tactics  is  evident,  from  various  well- 
known  aothoritiet. 

From  the  pasuges  which  occur  in 
pp.  144  to  I47»  it  may  be  inferred  that 
the  masses  of  stones  not  uu frequently 
found  in  our  ancient  hill-forts,  were 
originally  collected,  not  for  walls,  but 
missile  weapons. 


Speech  rf  C.  PomleU  Thornton,  Esq.  in  tke 
House  of  Commons,  on  the  96M  ff  March, 
1880,  on  mooing  the  appointment  qf  a 
ScUct  Committte  to  inquire  into  the  state 
of  Taxation  qf  the  United  Kingdom.   8w. 

THERE  is  no  position  more  de- 
monstrative than  that  taxes  upon  arti- 
cles of  consumption  are  levied  not 
upon  the  wealth  fas  supposed)  of  a 
nation,  but  upon  the  population,  whe- 
ther it  can  be  afforded  or  not ;  and  that 
the  best  method  (were  it  piacticable) 
would  be  to  have  nothing  taxed,  but 
to  |>ay  a  given  sum  in  lieu  of  it  to  Go- 
vernment. All  the  taxes  are  paid  by 
consumers,  and  if  all  consumers  were 
rich,  our  allegation  would  be  unsound: 
but  most  consumers  are  poor ;  and  if 
it  be  said  that  the  taxes  are  levied  only 
upon  luxuries,  our  answer  is,  that  the 
land-proprietors,  and  all  high- living 
tradesmen,  at  least  must  raise  the  price 
of  necessaries  by  high  renu  or  profits, 
to  procure  those  luxuries;  and  that 
such  luxuries  are  therefore  raised  out 
of  an  artificial  price  of  necessaries. 

Mr.  Thomson,  in  a  manner  very 
elaborate,  and  as  we  think  denoting 
high  senatorial  merit,  maintains  two 
positions.  One  is  (the  chief),  that 
lowering  the  duties  in  various  articles 
of  consumption  would  produce  more 
than  the  present  amount,  by  more  ex- 
tensive use,  and  diminution  of  smug- 
gling ;  a  doctrine  which  it  seems,  from 
p.  43,  the  Chancellor  of  the  Exche- 
quer admiu  is  sound  with  regard  to 

Gairr.  Mao.  Smppt,  Vol..  C.  Pabt  I. 


articlea  of  loznry,  but  Ofitoand  with 
regard  to  tliose  of  general  consump- 
tioD.  The  other  is,  that  a  revision  of 
Taxation  is  needful,  by  way  of  correct- 
ing abuses.  Now  Chancellors  of  the 
Exchequer  are  close-fisted  with  both 
hands ;  and  if  they  have  birds  iit  tb« 
said  fists,  they  must  not  let  them  go 
for  others  in  the  bush.  They  cannot 
be  theoretical ;  they  roust  Iook  before 
they  leap.  We  shall,  therefore,  not 
touch  upon  that  subject,  though  there 
are  many  suggestions  by  Mr.  Thom- 
son, which  merit  solemn  oonsidera* 
tion.  We  shall  make  an  extract  in 
reference  to  another.  Genius  in 
poetry  nriay  be  very  rare,  in  cheating  it 
IS  as  universal  as  air ;  and  such  is  the 
benevolence  of  Nature,  that  it  does  not 
require  the  humble  acquisitions  of 
reading  and  writing  to  be  even  emi* 
nent  in  tlie  art.  It  seems,  we  know 
not  how,  to  be  intuitive ;  in  many  peo* 
pie  even  instinctive.  Mr.  Thofoaon 
says,  p.  «4, 

"  Tbert  is  oo  duty  on  §oap  in  IrtUody 
and  it  it  notoridui  tKat  a  Urge  quantity  is 
SBugcled  back  sftatn  from  that  country 
into  Eoglaod.  Tnare  it  no  fixed  mle  for 
the  colleetion  of  the  revenue ;  there  are  no 
lett  than  teven  different  nodes  of  levying  it ; 
in  London  there  it  one  way,  in  Liverpool 
another,  in  Hull  a  third,  and  to  on.  This 
it  meant  to  avoid  fraud,  and  tha  ratult  n  to 
invite  it,  and  of  course  to  haratt  the  fiur 
trader.  1  know  of  two  boutet,  who  avail 
tbemtelvet  of  tooM  of  the  exittiog  regi^ 
tiooa  to  carrv  oo  an  exteaaiva  butineaa  ea- 
tirtlv  with  the  capital  of  the  Oovemaaent. 
I  will  thortlj  explain  how.  There  b  a  draw- 
back  oo  the  exportation  of  soap  to  Iralaod, 
which  b  paid  inmedbtely,  wbilaS  the  dnty 
b  not  required  until  the  expiratioo  ol  shi 
weeks  firom  the  Maoufaelnre  of  the  aeap. 
Two  henaet  in  Liverpool  exporting  their 
•oap  to  Ireland  immediately  after  it  b  made, 
receive  the  dmwback,  wkieh  exceeds  in 
amount  the  value  of  the  soap,  and  which 
they  have  not  to  pay  in  the  toape  of  duty, 
far  nearly  five  weekt,  daring  which  tioM, 
therelbee,  thev  hold  in  their  nanda  the  ca- 
pital of  the  Oovemmeol,  and  actually  trade 
with  it.  But  there  b  ••  end  to  the  variooa 
fmoda  which  ariae 
P.M. 


Dr.  Urdner^i  CahinH  CydcfmOt.     Utt* 

Jul  Arts — Domeatic  Economy,   mL  Lt 

ooniaMsung  Bffwtng%    Mjunutag,    fwim^ 

making,  Baki^,  die.  By  Miehaal  Dean* 

vaoi  eif*  MJLijt*  PrqfiM&t^CkmiiMtfjf 


6id 


Review. — Donovan's  Domesiie  Economy.  [vol.  c» 


io  the  Company  qf  apothecaries  in  Ireland, 
limo.pp.  376. 

THEeKtension  of  useful  knowledge 
is  amply  testified  by  the  improvements 
made  in  the  various  arts  to  which  such 
knowledge  may  respectively  refer;  and 
the  publication  ot  works  upon  such 
subjects,  not  only  exhibits  defects 
which  are  to  be  avoided,  but  incites 
competition,  by  deu«ling  superior  pro- 
cesses in  the  manipulations.  The  uti- 
lity of  the  press  is  on  such  subjects 
particularly  conspicuous,  because  it 
both  disperses  and  preserves  the  im- 
proved knowledge;  and  the  cheaper 
the  works  are  rendered,  the  greater,  of 
course,  is  the  circulation.  These  re- 
marks are  almost  truisms,  but  they 
serve  to  shew  how  unnecessary  it  is 
to  dilate  upon  obvious  things,  and 
make  more  observations. 

The  particular  merit  of  such  works 
consists  in  the  soundness  and  quantity 
of  the  information.  Mr.  Donovan  has 
every  qualification,  and  the  book  shows 
the  fullness  of  his  knowledge,  and  the 
judgment  with  which  it  is  accompa- 
nied. We  do  not  know  a  superior 
muUum  in  parvo.  Extracts  we  might 
make  of  much  scientific  value,  but 
prefer  givinjj  those  of  a  more  general 
kind,  as  bemg  likely  to  interest  most 
readers. 

**  Method  of  producing  the  effects  qf  age 
in  new  H'^ine.'^'The  new  wido  should  be 
kept  in  bottles  not  corked,  but  tied  over 
with  soft  bladder;  in  which  state  it  will 
in  twelve  months  become  as  mellow  as  in 
twelve  years  in  the  cask.  The  shallower 
the  vessel,  and  the  wider  the  month,  the 
sooner  will  the  effects  be  produced. 

*<  These  facts  have  io  substance  been 
confirmed  by  M.  St.  Vincent.  He  states 
from  lon<;  experience,  that  hy  closing  bottles 
of  wine  by  means  of  parchment,  or  bladder, 
instead  of  corks,  we  may  attain  in  a  few 
weeks  the  good  effects  of  many  years.'* 

**  Effects  of  Tea. — Taken  strong,  and  in 
great  quantity,  it  produces  exhilaration,  aa 
indeicribable  fieeling  of  lightDess  of  body,  a« 
if  in  one's  step  we  scarcely  touched  the 
ground ;  along  with  a  perception  of  in- 
creased magnitude,  apparently,  of  all  objects. 
Swallowed  in  very  great  excess,  it  produces 
horror  of  mind,  an  intolerable  apprehensioq 
of  sudden  death,  and  fits  of  asphyxia,  or 
suspended  animation.' 

*•  Practical  rules  for  Bottling  i^/w.— The 
first  question  to  be  considered  is,  whether 
the  ale  is  in  proper  order  for  bottling  ?  If 
on  drawing  out  the  vent-peg  of  the  cask 
she  liquor  spurts  up  with  force,  it  is  a  proof 
that  the  fermentation  is  still  too  active  to 
render  it  safe  to  bottle.    The  best  way  of 


proceeding  in  this  case  will  be  to  fill  up  the 
Dottles,  and  to  leave  them  uncorkMi  for 
twenty-four  hours.  Should  they  have  lost 
by  frothing  over,  or  should  the  firoth  have 
subsided  in  the  bottles,  they  are  to  be  filled 
up  within  two  inches  of  the  corks :  the 
corks  are  then  to  be  driven  home,  and  the 
bottles  are  to  be  laid  on  their  sides.  The 
use  of  laying  them  on  their  sides  is  in  order 
to  soak  the  corks  and  swell  them,  so  that 
they  may  fit  perfectly  tight,  and  thus  totally 
prevent  the  escape  of  carbonic  acid;  fi>r  it 
is  to  the  presence  of  this  gats  that  the 
briskness  is  attributable.  It  h  also  possible 
that  when  the  bottles  lie  on  their  sides  they 
offer  less  obstruction  to  the  last  feeble  efforta 
of  fermeutaiion  than  if  they  stood  io  the 
high  column  which  an  upright  posture  would 
produce.  Pressure  resists  chemioil  changes. 
**  In  this  state  the  drink  becomes  i/p  in 
the  bottle,  as  it  is  termed.  If  it  be  stning, 
it  remains  quiet;  if  weak,  it  begins  to  hnrst 
the  bottles ;  and  as  soon  as  notice  of  this 
kind  is  given  by  one  bottle,  all  the  rest 
should  be  set  standing  np;  this  will  pre-. 
vent  further  bursting." 

We  could  add  many  other  things ; 
but,  in  general,  it  is  cheaper  and  safer 
to  buy  the  articles  ready  made  than  to 
incur  the  risk  of  failure,  or  the  ge- 
nerally heavier  expense  of  making 
small  quantities  with  perhaps  an  im<» 
perfect  apparatus,  e.  g.  it  is  much 
better  to  buy  French  breitd,  biscuits, 
cyder,  &c.  than  make  either.  No  fact 
is  better  known  than  that  two  persons 
using  the  same  receipt  will  not  have 
the  same  success,  because  much  de- 
pends upon  practice,  caution,  and  at- 
tention to  the  process  in  its  operation*. 


Constahle*t  Miscellany.  Capt.  Coehrane'e 
Journey  through  Russia,  vol.  li.  16mo, 
pp.  962. 

WE  have  been  utterly  astonished  at 
the  locomotive  powers  of  Capt.  Coch- 
rane. He  passes  over  thousands  of 
miles  upon  earth   as  speedily  as  a  geo« 

f;rapher  does  those  u|M>n  a  map,  at 
ea&tas  speedily  as  a  servant  loitering 
upon  an  errand  of  only  a  single  mile. 
He  mentions  having  travelled  one 
hundred  and  thirty  miles  in  less  than 
twenty-four  hours,  with  a  Cossack 
and  sledge,  on  what  sort  of  road, 
or  over  what  sort  of  country,  be 
knew  not,  through  fatigue  CI 22),  and 
coasted  along  the  outer  edge  of  some 
ice  at  the  rate  of  eighteen  miles  in  an 
hour  and  a  half.  (Id.  123.)  To  add 
to  the  wonder  of  this  speed,  Captain 
Cochrane  calls  his  book  a  pedestriaH 
journey,  though  he  travels  on  sledgea 


PART  1.]        Rbvibw.— Cochrane^s  Joumtf  ihrough 


619 


or  on  horeeback.  We  confew  that  we' 
(lu  not  understand  his  meaning;  all 
we  are  inclined  to  think  is,  thai  had 
he  lived  in  the  days  of  mythology  he 
wotild  have  been  mistaken  for  Mer- 
cury, the  messenger  of  the  Gods  (aa 
St.  Paul  was  for  Jupiter),  more  espe- 
cially as  he  married  a  pretty  interesting 
Kamtschadale  (whose  portrait  adorns 
the  book),  who  might  very  well  pass 
for  Iris.  Be  this  as  it  may,  the  happy 
pair  pursue  their  pedestrian  journey 
through  the  extensiredesartsof  Russia, 
on  horses,  sledges,  and  by  whatever 
mode  unknown  to  us,  which  implies 
riding,  or  being  carried,  and  yet  walk- 
ing at  the  same  time. 

Cantain  Cochrane  will  forgive  our 
harmless  pleasantry.  He  is  an  intel- 
ligent, brave,  and  philosophical  writer. 
His  main  object  was  to  ascertain  the 
disputed  question,  whether  the  two 
continents  of  Asia  and  America  were 
joined  at  thiir  extremes  by  an  isthmus, 
or  separated  by  a  strait.  He  appears 
to  have  settled  the  dispute,  by  proving 
the  latter  fact.  An  opinion  that  a 
junction  of  the  old  and  new  continents 
might  possibly  exist,  drew  from  him  a 
severe  letter  to  the  Royal  Society  (re* 
printed  here  p.  221),  which  was  un- 
noticed by  the  Council.  It  was,  in 
fact,  too  personal.  We  shall  notice, 
according  to  our  rule,  curious  passages. 

At  Irkutsk,  a  central  Siberian  city  : 

'<  The  latittMle  is  but  little  north  of  Lon- 
don, yet  are  the  people  obliged  to  bury 
tliemselves  in  smcke  both  in  winter  ana 
•uroroer ;  in  the  one  season  to  guard  a^nst 
the  cold,  in  the  other  against  the  vermio.*' 
—  p.  9t. 

There  is  therefore  reason  in  the  fol- 
lowing anecdote  of  an  old  Irishwoman, 
related  by  Miss  Edgeworth.  A  gentle- 
man substituted  for  the  cabin  of  his 
nurse  a  coinrdriahle  cottage.  Upon 
enquiry  how  she  iikcd  her  new  resi- 
dence, she  replied,  ••  The  chimney 
never  smokes,  and  the  smoke  used  to 
keep  me  so  warm  \  I  am  now  perished 
with  cold.** 

In  p.  105,  we  read  of  a  Taisha,  or 
chief,  of  the  Buhriats,  who  has  iwo 
wives  thai  live  in  ptrftci  harmony .  It 
seems  that  the  missionaries  do  not  dis- 
turb this  arrangement,  for  they  fre- 
quently visit  and  lodge  with  him  for 
weeks  together. 

From  p.  68,  we  find  that  the  only 
person  in  the  Russian  empire  who  hat 
persisted  in  applying  the  power  of  almn 


to  water  conveyance,  is  an  Engltshinan 
(a  Mr.  Baird),  at  St.  Petersburgh. 

Sledge-travelling  over'iee  b  so  speedy 
that  three  horses  a  breast  will  travel 
forty  miles  in  two  hoars;  but  it  ap« 
pears  not  to  be  possible  either  to  check' 
their  progress,  or  to  set  them  upon  their 
legs  again  when  once  fallen.    Some-' 
times  the  sledges  move  so  much  faster' 
than   the   horses,  as  to  overtake  and 
turn  them  short  round,  and  ultimately 
to  fnrm  a  complete  circle. — p.  97. 

There  is  a  strange  policy  of  the  Rot- 
sian  government,  vis.  that  of  rendering 
a  country  impassable  by  et'ery  possible 
means,  that  deserters  may  be  obliged  to- 
resort  to  the  post-hooses  lor  subsistence^ 
and  so  be  apprehended.— p.  109. 

Near  Verchney  Udinsk  are, 

'*  Nomeron*  lakes,  sonae  of  them  of  so 
poisonous  a  nature  that  many  of  the  cos- 
victs  lost  their  lives  while  forming  the  road* 
Ducks,  geese,  and  other  birds  cannot  live 
after  drinking  of  the  water,  though  it  ap-> 
pears  that  swans  offer  aa  eiliBCtiial  resistaaee 
to  the  poison.*'— p.  193. 

It  seems  that  there  is  a  good  opening 
for  cutlery  goods  in  Silieria ;  the  na- 
tive penknives  being  only  able  to  mend 
one  pen :  not  a  secona  without  re* 
grinHmg  or  setting. — p.  16O. 

Gold  is  so  easily  obtained  in  the 
Ural  mountains,  &c.  that  Capt. Cocb* 
rane  says, 

'*  Such  are  the  inexhaustible  riches  of 
their  mountains,  that  hundreds  of  thousaoda 
of  people  could  be  employed,  and  yet  eta- 
turies  would  elapse  ere  they  proenred  any 
great  proportion  of  the  hidden  traasaiss» 
which  are  daily  becoasing  mora  apparMit, 
and  which  may  oltioatelv  via  with  tba  asiaaa 
of  Sooth  America  10  the  pracioos  metals* 
and  surpass  them  in  the  variety  and  baavlf 
of  their  mineralogical  productioBs."— p.l6l . 

So  far  from  Siberia  being  the  hor- 
rible region  supposed,  Capt.  Cochrane 
says,  that  the  euucatioii  and  moral  ha- 
bits of  the  natives  are  equal  if  ooi 
superior  to  those  of  the  European  Rus- 
sians; that  pro\isions  and  clothing 
are  cheap,  taxes  unknown,  and  the 
climate  healthy.— p.  168. 

We  have  given  but  a  acanly  speci- 
men of  the  instruction  and  entertain^ 
inent  to  be  derived  from  ihb  book. 

The  Pilgrim*8  Pngrtsi.     With  a  Lifi  ^ 
John  Bunyan*  By  Robert  Soothey,  JEsy. 
LL.D.  PoH  LawreaUp  ifc     llkuirmiai 
wiik  Bngravingi.    800.  |^  411. 

THE  Pilgrim's  Progress  is  the  Ro. 
biosoQ  Crmoe  of  ibe  leligioae  world  $ 


RgviBW.-*Btiiiyan'«  PUgrim^t  PrQgn$9.  {yott^  g»t 


€80 

apd  in  that  itlaiion  we  may  ascribe  tp* 
it  the  character  which  Blair  gives  Qf 
the  latter,  viz.  '^  that  no  fiction  in  anv 
language  was  ever  better  lupported/' 
To  lit  traoscendaat  merits,  as  a  book 
of  genius,  the  belt  of  our  writers  have 
borne  willing  testimony ;  and,  in  our 
opinion,  it  has  had  the  grand  effect  of 
producing  in  numbers  a  strong  desire 
for  a  happy  immortality.    As  to  the 
doctrinal  part,  it  has  been  characterised 
bv  theologians  as  the  best  display  of 
Calvinism  ever  written.    Of  that  sys- 
tem divines  of  taste,  judgment,  sod. 
rational  piety,  have  long  had  but  one 
opinion ;  viz.  that  it  is  absurd  to  sun* 
pose  that  Christ  came  into  the  world 
to  save  sinners,  when  their  futore  fate 
was    predestinated    before  thev  wtre 
bom ;  an  absurdity  which,  if  it  be  blas- 
phemy to  insult  the  Almighlya  well 
deserves  that   imputation,   because  it 
Biakcs  him  the  Author  of  Evil,— of 
creating  beings  for  no  other  purpose 
bsit  thai  of  torturing  them  for  ever. 
Bunyan,  however,  had  this  strange  no- 
tion,   because,  aceording    to   certain 
nonconformists,*  he  thought  that  he 
wanted  faith,  and  *'nevercouid  have  any, 
btcauie  hi  was  not  one  t^  the  eleci  f" 
a  representation  which  is  softened  down 
by  Dr.  Souihey  in  p.  xix.    It  would 
be  needless,  however,  to  pursue  his 
theological  notions  to  anv  extent,  fot 
tbeyare  most  un philosophical  and  ir- 
laiiooal.     It  is  said  that  he  has  illus* 
traied  and  confirmed  the  doctrine  of  a 
pafticnlar  providence  ;—ii</flit</tf(/,  bol 
if  we  conjoin  it  with  Gal vinisltc  pre- 
destination, the   latter  neutralizes  it. 
Because  Bunyan  had  some  remarkable 
escapes  from  danger,  like  most  other 
men,  certain  biographers,  who  are  not 
averse  from  pious  frauds,  have  insinu- 
ated that  he  was  preserved  on  purpose 
to  show  the  infallibilltv  of  Calvin's 
palpable  solecisms,  and  that  his  genius 
was  therefore  a  predestinated  matter 
also ;  but  the  Abb^  du  Bos  states  it  as 
a  common  distinction  of  nature  be- 
tween genius  and  talents,  that  the  for- 
mer has  an  insuperable  propensity  to 
one  particular  pursuit,  and  that  in  cou- 
seqoence,  as  a  common  result  of  the 
division  of  labour,  it  attains  an  extra- 
ordinary^ desree  of  pre-eminence.   Cer- 
iaia  it  is  that  Bunjran  had  a  decided 
bias  to  religious  subjects,  and  a  won- 
derful imagination,  that  might  excite 
envy  in  the  greatest  poets.     We  donbt 
'  —  ■  ■  .  

,    «  JoDM'ft  Christiaa  Biograpliy,  p.ai« 


whether  Byron  excelled  bim  iit  thin 
respect.    But  '*  great  wits  to  madneas 
nearly  are  allied  ;"  and  in  p.  iixv.  tb« 
symptoms  confirming  the  adage  rewy 
strongly  appear,  though  in  a  manner^ 
which,    in    phrenological    language, 
strongly  indicates  the  prepooderaat  or* 
gan  of  imwgimaliveness.  All  his  doubts^ 
waverings,  and  feelings,  are  not  ancor* 
poreal,  bat  are  actually  personified,  asMl 
addressed  as  persons  much  in  the  man- 
ner of  the  fiends  which  possesaed  the 
Scriptural  dsemooiaca.     Dr.  Soutkey^ 
says, 

"  Ha  taw  tha  tbiags  of  wKieh  ha  wee 
writing  as  distiaotly  wish  his  iiiiad*s  eya,  aa 
if  they  were  indeed  passug  before  hisa  la  m 
dsesm.*'—- p.  Uzsviii. 

Mr.  D'Israeli  happily  calls  Bunyan 
the  "  Spenser  of  the  people;"  simI  Dr. 
Soutliev  truly  adds,  "  He  is  the  prince 
of  all  allegorists  in  prose.**— p.  xcvi. 

**  But  original  m  Banyan  believed  his 
own  work  to  be,  and  at  hi  the  main  an- 
dottbtedly  H  h,  the  same  allegoiy  had  often 
been  treated  before  htm*  One  cf  theee  he 
had  oertainly  seen,  vis.  Bernard's  *  lile  of 
Man,'  of  the  l^al  pvaceedings  ia  Maoshiiia 
against  Sia ;  wherein,  by  way  of  a  eontinnad 
allegory,  tlie  chief  naileiiMtors  distafbiag 
both  Church  and  Commonwealth  are  de-» 
tected  and  attacked ;  with  their  arraknmenS 
and  Judicial  trial,  according  to  tlie  laws  of 
England.  Thie  was  ar  popular  book  in  Bun- 
gran's  time,  printed  in  a  cheap  form  for  po- 
pular sale.  There  it  at  mach  wit  in  it  ae  in 
the  Pilgrim't  Progrete,  and  it  it  thaS  vein  of 
wit  which  Bunyan  bat  worked  w\th  tock 
good  tucoett.  It  wants  the  charm  of  ttory, 
and  bat  nothing  of  that  romantic  interest 
*  which  holdt  children  from  tleep ;'  and 
therefore  its  popularity  hat  patt  away.  Bat 
it  it  written  with  great  tpirit  and  ability." 
—p.  xeii. 

If  this  work,  therefore,  was  the 
Rowley,  Bunyan  was  the  Chatterton. 

We  shall  not  touch  upon  the  inci- 
dents of  his  life;  because  every  body 
knows  that  he  was  a  tinker,  who  be- 
came a  preacher,— transformations  not 
so  surprising  as  those  of  fairy  tales,  but 
diflfering  from  those  of  political  tinken, 
because  ihey  retain  the  original  traded 
after  they  have  been  exalted  into  au- 
thors ancf  orators. 

As  to  his  character,  in  a  mofal  and 
private  view,  after  his  refbroiation  il 
stands  (air ;  but  of  his  decided  schis- 
maticism^  intolerant  exclusiveness,  snd 
troublesome  spirit.  Dr.  Southey  gives 
the  following  account.  All  the  sects^ 
which  the  Commonwealth  had  engen* 
dcred,  peiaacuted  each  otben 


lAIT  I.J 


Btvift  w>-Av(UI  Armif  Im  ItaM. 


Mt 


Um  Qialwrii  m4  tiM  Qnk«t  pwphtilidl 
is  Um  gtU  of  UttifBMi  aguMt  tU  oditr 
ttNUEiuoilittf  tail  ona^WBpJH  ikta  |o  tiM 
boitualtM  !»(•  b  hwrty  Ulitf  Md  JvUImH 
•sptctatioB  that  tb«  ifMact  woakl  bt  osr- 
ried  iato  fall  tffNl  by  tht  Dtrll  aai  hb  aa- 
gtb."— p.  W!L 

Upon  tbe  rcsloimtion  of  ibe  teoood 
Cbarlfty 


liMa  hit  MiMa»  tilMlad  dbi  pMlOa  aTGod* 
■a  ha  aallt  thm^  to  toha  hmi  iImI  ^jjmw 
tooehaa  sol  tha  CaMaaa  Arayar,  «aa  Mt 
cnplayed  ia  prmaociof  aailjrt  nor  hi  aMkfai§ 
Mod  tablaettf  hMrataff  Ofthadoa  hat  eioadia 
bowtvar  aiaccia  aad  fnvaal  hit  oSt^.  Ppaoa 
■light  ha  OD  hit  Km,  aad  aaal  mr  tna  mImi* 
cioaofothaniabithaarlibathavai  av- 
lalal J  ailhal  U»a  ■•  Bvaaehar  of  Mod  wO,' 
of  Chrittiaa  chMhnr.    AiidafihoiMio* 


**  Tha  aatioo  at  hi  a  »oH  ooyiat  itate. 
Thaio  «M  a  rattlatt,  laaooroot,  imalaBiMa 
fattft  who  voald  hata  raoawtd  Iha  ahrU 
oar,  lor  iha  taht  of  agahi  Irjbf;  tht  aipa- 
rnoMl  of  a  CoanooovaalUH  which  htd  to 
oanplaialy  and  aiitafably  iultd  whaa  iho 
powar  wat  ia  tiMiff  haadt.  Tlitjloohadto 
Lodlov  at  thoir  Oaacial,  aad  Ai^araoo  Sid- 
aay  look  iha  fint  opportooalv  of  tolidiiaf 
for  tlioai  flttft  firoai  Hullaod,  aad  aooay 
liroai  Fiaaea.  The  political  oathotiattt  who 
»ero  oagagod  ia  taeh  tohtOMt,  ooaatod  op- 
oo  the  taetariea  for  topport.  £vob  anoog 
the  tobar  toeta  than  were  bmb  who*  at  tha 
oott  of  a  vtbeliioot  would  gladly  liavo  agaia 
tlirawa  dowa  the  Chorch  EetahliahaMit» 
fcr  the  hope  of  tettiog  ap  tlieir  o«a  aytloai 
dariag  the  aaarehy  that  aMMtoaaao.  AoMog 
the  wilder,  tooie  were  eager  to  piojiaii 
Kiag  Jetot,  aad  take  ptMeettioo  of  the 
earths  aa  iMiag  the  taiata  to  whooi  it  waa ' 
aroMJiad  ;  aad  toaie  (a  lew  yeara  later)  leea 
m  iMpo  of  effwtiag  their  prpahlicaa  pre* 
Jact^  than  la  detpair  aad  ireageaaee,  ooa<* 
tpired  to  ban  Loadoa :  tliey  weto  ditoo- 
veredt  tried*  ooaviotedt  aad  eseeoiedt  they 
eoofetaed  their  ioteatioo;  they  atmed  tho 
day  whioh  had  beoo  appoiatad  for  earrylag 
it  loto  elect,  beeaaie  aa  attrolpgioal  loheaia 
had  thowo  it  to  be  a  hKliy  oae  lor  thia  do* 
tign,oiitf  eo  Umi  werf  day  tkt /Sre  €f  Lmim 
^reJre  e«l.  Ia  aoeh  tioMa  tha  Goteraaeat 
wot  sendefod  totpicioat  by  the  coaitaal 
teote  of  daager,  and  waa  fad  aa  ouMh  bv 
ftar  aa  hy  lOKotanat  to  tevcritiee,  whieh 
are  esplaioed  by  the  oeoea««(y  eleelf  dtftaee, 
not  Jottified  by  it,  wheo  they  &I1  opoo  the 
toaocent*  or  evea  opoa  the  lett  gaUty.*' — 
p.lrUL 

This  conntelion  brtwaea  trailon 
and  tcctifiet  M  to  ihote  pcnaeutiM 
acta  which  eharacleriBC  iho  reign  vt» 
lodad  to*  and  nn  doobt  alto  lo  mocb  of 
tb«  dchaoebery  which  wat  politically 
patfonited»  to  coootciact  piuritaaicali 
infloonoe.  Booyan  wm  ono  o£  tht 
•nfcrcrs  i  end  Or.  Sonthcy  laya, 

«*  It  wat  tfaaderoae  to  ehaigo  him  with 
plotthig  or  whh  traitoroai  farteatioae,  bat 
Wra^ divfaiaat ha  WMhmaJ aa doail 
aotfaaly  aad  kcartily  oagiwaa*  ■ha  imo 
who  dUbgaithad  a  haoM  af  BtpthOi  la 
Laadoa,  at  tha  Ckriitmu  of 
MatfnjiiiiijOMwh% 


to  baoMBi  lawa,  it  any  be 
that  the  drcoiattanoat  whioh 

high-aiiaded  and  lioi-ayaded 

coofie  of  daqgoioot  aetivi^,  b  whkdi  ha 
wat  at  Kttfa  likely  to  ae^aha  a  tofaraat  tpi- 
rit  at  to  ioipart  it,  aad  pkood  hha  ia  oao- 
finenMBt,  whore  hit  aadoataadiag  had  let^ 
tore  to  ripca  aad  to  ooot,  wae  ao  lett  fr voorw 
aide  fee  Ua  nortl  aad  latlgbni  aatare,  than 
It  hat  aHimrteiy  proood  tohte  oMiUaiirf 
aad  hit  frine."-4i.  b?l. 


From  these  estraetit  when  we  rai4 
aboot  the  jireteiKled  cruelty  of  fito  mile 
Acu»  prohibition  of  religioot  mrni. 
bliet,  &c.  &c.,  we  shall  sot  that  aU 
thoogh  they  ctonot  be  charactcriteJI 
M  politically  wiie,  because  til  perseau 
tion  strengthens  par^»  jet  that  ibo 
suflerers  were  not  entitled  to  that  holy 
inoficniive  repaiation  which  they  m 
nnworthily  daiai* 

It  is  not  nceessarr  to  say  any  thing 
of  the  execution  of  tbe  Pt«toee  liy  Dr. 
Soothcy.  It  is  philosophical,  impor:- 
tial,  and  instracttre.  As  the  Laoreat 
of  B'Kwraphy  he  sunds  unrivalled,  ft 
woald  DC  unfair  also  not  to  commend 
in  a  warm  manner  Mr.  Martin's  two 
rtrj  deter  plates,  the  other  ezcelleni 
embellishments,  and  the  truly  hand* 
some  form  in  which  the  book  it  got  op. 

IV  Bn$liA  Arwm  in  I^wmv^  My  O^ 

Pf.iO. 

WE  sha>ti1d  aa  soon  see  a  review  of 
troops  not  in  nniform,  as  read  niUtaiy 
narratites  not  written  in  military  atyl% 
That  is,  properly  sneaking,  ftmeel 
comedy,  a  dramatic  torn  of  wiitaM^ 
which  M  now  spoiled,  either  by 
vcvsHMi  Into  brand  farce  or  comi 

pbce  insipidity.    Fbr  tablo-tolk  

common  oonvenaiion  the  amiv  it  the 
best  school,— in  many  points  tor  pm^ 
priety  of  briiavioor  also.  Tbe  maniMeil 
of  an  old  oAcer  are  genemlly  patleri 
ones.  We  shall,  however,  be  conolig 
in  our  remarki»  becaose  we  have  co» 
pioos  eitraots  to  osake.    We  shaU  be^ 

Sin  with  one  ahoot  the  Dobe.of  Welt 
ngton  when  in  actidifat  Qaatm.Brai^ 


629 


Bjtyiuw, -^English  Army  in  France*' 


[vol.  c. 


*<Ooce  lie  observed  hit  Grrace  lie  down 
Krith  bU  face  turned  towards  the  ground  in 
sorrow." — i.  1  IS ;  ii.  804. 

William  of  Malmesbtiry,  speaking 
of  Baldwin  Earl  of  Flanders,  says, 
that  one  cause  of  his  violent  death  was 
because  upon  that  day  he  had  presum- 
ed to  eat  garl'yc  with  goose  (quod  ea  die 
allium  cumaucdprasumpserit),  (Scrip- 
tor,  p.  Bed.  90,  a.  ed.  1596.*'  It  seems 
that  the  modern  Normans 

**  Would  deem  it  an  insult  to  place  a 
goose  upon  a  gentlemao's  table ;  it  is  food, 
according  to  Norman  notions,  fit  for  beg- 
gars only." — i.  274. 

Roast  soose  was  certainly  an  Anglo- 
Saxon  dibh.  (See  Decent  Scriptores, 
col.  950.)  And  possibly  we  have  re- 
tained it  through  them. 

We  are  very  fond  in  England  of 
Normanizing  our  ancient  Churches. 
We  find  that  along  a  beautiful  valley 
of  Lower  Normandy,  between  Gisors 
and  Gournay, 

"The  left  acclivity  which  bounded  it 
was  covered  with  a  dense  hanging  wood, 
that  would  have  done  credit  to  any  English 
nobleman's  park ;  above  which  shot,  here 
and  there,  a  church  spire  or  tower ;  and  the 
greater  part  of  these  churches,  as  well  as  of 
others  in  the  neighbourhood,  was  said  to 
have  been  built  by  the  English,  The  Nor- 
mans professed  themselves  to  be  of  the  same 
stock  as  the  English ;  and  if  a  jolly  appear- 
ance and  an  uproariousness  of  deportment 
are  points  of  identity,  I  for  one  will  never 
contest  the  validity  of  their  claims.*' — i.  276. 

The  next  extract  shows  results  of 
bad  roads  not  known  in  England.  At 
Hesdin  in  Picardy,  our  author 

**  Saw  for  the  first  time  men  walking  upon 
pattmSf  and  for  this  sensible  ])ractice  we  af- 
terwards discovered  valid  reasons.  They 
walk  upon  pattens  in  the  north  of  France, 
for  the  same  cause  that  they  stride  upon 
stilts  in  the  south,  because  they  wf>uld  otlier- 
wise  sink  in  the  mire.  Sometimes  on  sub- 
sequent occasions,  I  was  fain,  when  quar- 
tered in  a  boggy  hamlet,  to  go  out  to  dine 
mounted  on  a  pair  of  these  conveniences, 
and  propped  by  a  stout  long  staff.  Besidei 
this,  a  lantern  was  an  indispensable  article 
of  equipage.  As  the  Government,  however, 
could  not  or  would  not  mend  the  by-ways, 
the  state  of  the  lanes  about  the  habitations 
of  the  agriculturists  was  in  winter  aucb  as  to 
render  tliem  impassable  either  on  horse 
shoes  or  any  other.  Indeed  the  infantry, 
which  occupied  some  of  these  communes^  were 
nit  unfrequently  conveyed  to  their  parades  in 
carls.  The  pattens  are  different  from  those 
used  by  the  females  of  England,  being  much 
broader  in  the  rings,  and  more  stead&t."^ 
ii.  p.  Sit 


Our  author,  who  is  a  medical  man, 
says  that  marks  in  children  hare  no' 
more  concern  with  the  fancies  of  the 
mother,  than  with  the  cap  or  wig 
which  she  might  have  wora  upon  her 
head. — ii.  35. 

During  part  of  the  residence  of  our 
army  in  trance,  the  regimental  drill 
ground  was  the  celebrated  field  of 
jizincour, 

'*  There  is  no  position,  in  the  military  ac- 
ceptation of  the  term  ;  but  the  open  apace, ' 
upon  which  the  shock  of  the  two  arniee 
took  place,  was  covered  on  either  flank  by  m 
wood.  That  into  which  Henry  threw  a  body 
of  archers  belongs  not  to  the  village  or 
commune  of  Azincour,  but  to  the  neigh- 
bouring one  of  TramecouTf  and  we  are  as- 
sured that  some  of  the  identical  trees  wer* 
still  standing.  The  space  is  very  narrow, 
and  afforded  facilities  for  a  small  force  to 
present  as  extended  a  front  at  a  large  one. 

**  There  was,  however,  a  parUcularly  ap- 
propriate reason  for  calling  the  field  that 
of  Azincour.  The  retreat  and  pursuit  took 
place  through  that  village,  and  many  a  per- 
sonage of  rank  and  consequence  was  killed 
in  its  lanes.  The  castle  or  chateaa  baa  beea 
long  demolished. 

**  Down  to  so  late  a  period  as  the  French 
Revolution,  the  field  was  marked  by  two 
chapek,  which  were  erected  soon  af)ier  the 
battle,  in  one  of  which  reposed  the  bones 
of  the  English,  and  in  the  other  tboee  of 
the  French  slain  1  the  latter  out  c^  all  pro- 
portion iu  point  of  number  to  that  of  the 
former. 

"  During  the  time  that  wc  held  our  drilla 
here,  they  were  still  occasionally  turning  up 
the  iron  crow-feet,  which  the  Eoiglish  King 
strewed  in  fi^nt  of  his  little  and  suffering 
army,  for  the  purpose  of  laming  the  French 
horses ;  and  some  of  tliese,  I  believe,  were 
obtained  by  a  Colonel  of  the  Guards,  whose 
quarters  were  closer  on  the  borders  oi  tba 
fiekL"— ii.  43. 

It  may  appear  to  most  of  oar  readers 
only  a  serious  trifle  to  talk  of  the  nui- 
sance of  rats,  hut  the  case  is  far  dif-* 
ferent  with  those  who  live  in  the 
neighbourhood  of  barns  and  farm* 
houses.  The  heavy  iax  of  three  gui- 
neas a  year  is  paid  by  the  squires  of 
some  parishes  to  ^et  rid  of  them,  and 
the  rat-catchers  live  in  the  style  of 
gentlemen,  because  they  have  the  pen^ 
sion  alluded  to  from  all  the  seais  in  ihe 
neighbourhood.  The  intolerable  an« 
noyance  which  rats  create,  when  fix- 
ing upon  a  dwelling  house  for  their 
foundling  hospital,  is  well  known. 
Now  our  author  says,  that  if  one  only 
be  caught  in  a  trap,  have  his  ears, 
tail,  and  whiskers  cul  off  clot^  and 


FART  I.]  RiviBW.— Dr.  Uwifts  on  Ituaniip. — Anatey'i  fialA  Guide,  en 


he  again  turned  ofT*  "hia  brethren  will 
inuneJiately  emigrate,  upon  the  warn* 
ing  alarm." — ii.  103. 

Hrre  it  a  philotophical  qaestion, 
which  our  author  justly  sayt, 

"  inTolvet  a  mnre  profound  contiderm- 
tioo  than  night  at  first  tight  apPMr, — there 
it  DO  chaoea  of  getting  rid  of  Termio  by 
killiog,  uolett  we  cftn  kill  them  to  an  indi' 
viihtal,  and  with  the  minor  hordet  thit,  as 
well  M  the  other  plan,  it  imprActicable  ;  but 
aoBoog  rett,  mice,  and,  it  may  be,  soma 
other  soimsU,  there  it  sn  intercoromuoica- 
tion,  if  not  a  mutual  intclUfence;  and  if  one 
escape,  after  roueh  treatment,  he  spreads 
an  alarm,  which  the  othert  partake  oh*' 

To  a  book  wholly  and  generally  in- 
teresting, as  partaking  of  niattert 
luirrly  relating  to  life  and  society,  ex* 
tracts  cannot  d«i  justice.  Military  so^ 
cieiy,  we  repeat,  is  the  first  school  ia 
the  kingdom  for  manners  and  the  «pa- 
voir  vivre ;  and  it  thus  induces  ^nile* 
uien  who  have  the  firet  stake  m  the 
country  to  become  its  defenders.  A 
military  profession  di^^niHes  the  gen* 
tleman,  and  polishes  the  peasant. 


Remarks  an  Nervous  and  Mental  DisorderSf 
with  especial  Reference  to  recent  Investiga' 
lions  on  the  suhjict  qf  Insanity,  By  D. 
Vwiot,  3/.D.    %vo.pp.4\.     Underwood. 

11'  cannot  fail,  \\e  think,  to  have 
been  remarked,  on  every  judicial  in« 
\esiigation  of  a  case  of  supposed  in- 
sanity, how  much  ingenuity  has  been 
employed  to  perplex  professional  wit- 
nesses, and  how  much  ridicule  hat 
been  attempted  to  be  cast  upon  their 
opinions.  In  the  celebrated  Ports* 
iiiouih  case,  we  remember  to  have 
seen  physicians  of  the  first  reputation 
exposed  to  the  fire  of  a  crost-examina- 
tion,  not  so  much  for  the  purpose  of 
eliciting  truth,  as  of  betraying  the  wiu 
ness  into  some  contradiction  and  in- 
consistency on  the  abstract  question 
of  insanity*  when  the  question  at  is- 
sue was  simply  whether  the  unfortu- 
nate nobleman  was  or  was  not  in  a 
condition  to  manage  hit  own  affairs. 

Tiie  pamphlet  of  Dr.  Uwins  it  a 
manly  and  tensible  appeal  to  the  judg- 
ment and  understanding  of  hit  readers. 
He  vindicates  the  profession  to  which 
he  belongs  from  that  unmerited  ob- 
loquy which  forensic  eloquence,  with 
loo  much  success,  contrived  to  heap 
upon  it,  with  reference  to  the  treat- 
ment of  a  recent  case  of  piesamed  in* 
aauity  (that  of  Mr.  Daviet),  and  oflerf 


toine  judicioat  and  well-timed  bbaer« 
vationt  on  mental  and  nervooa  ditor^ 
ders,  and  on  the  prevailing  objectiont 
against  recepuclea  for  patieuu  that 
afflicted. 

We  entirely  concur  in  the  reasoning 
of  Dr.  Uwint,  that  the  separation  of 
insanity  from  other  maladiea  allied  to 
it  in  nature,  and  differing  from  it  only 
in  degree,  and  placing  it  under  an  ex- 
clusive medical  tuperiniendence,  it  a 
very  unwise  and  a  most  unphiloaopht* 
cal  practice.  We  suspect  that  this 
distinction  liet  at  the  root  of  that  ge- 
neral horror  which  it  expretsed  at  the 
disease  itself,  at  the  professional  per- 
son who  limits  his  practice  to  the  al- 
leviation of  it,  and  at  the  receptacle  of 
%vhich  he  is  the  proprietor.  If  disor- 
ders of  the  mind  were  to  be  investigated 
and  treated  on  the  ordinary  principles 
of  pathology,  the  delirium  of  a  fever 
and  the  delusions  of  insanity  would  be 
regarded  without  those  invidioot  dis- 
tinctions that  now  obtain,  and  the 
Middlesex  Hospital  and  Middlesex 
Asylum  would  be  looked  upon  with 
equal  eye,  as  institutions  whose  ob- 
ject was  the  alleviation  of  physical 
evil,  and  the  abatement  of  thote  dit- 
easet  which  fleth  is  heir  to. 

Dr.  Uwins  has  rendered  good  lenrice 
to  his  profession  and  to  the  public  by 
this  pamphlet,  and  we  shall  be  glad  to 
see  the  more  elaborate  work  of  which 
this  is  the  forerunner. 


Anstey's  Bath  Guide,  A  new  Sdiiioiu 
EtLfed  ly  J.  Brittoo,  Esq,  Harst» 
Cliance,  and  Co. 

TH  IS  poem  has  been  long  and  de- 
servedly popular,  and  though  much 
of  its  wit  is  local  and  temporary,  yet 
enough  remains  to  render  it  a  perma- 
nent favourite.  It  it  now  republished, 
with  an  Essay  on  the  life  and  writings 
of  Anstey,  by  Mr.  Britton,  %rho  has 
executed  his  task  with  much  com- 
mendable diligence  and  scrupulous 
accuracy.  There  is  no  man  who  his 
a  happier  way  of  arranging  the  mate- 
rials iHaced  at  hit  disposal  than  Mr. 
Britton,  whether  with  reference  to 
what  he  otet  or  what  he  rejects.  It  i% 
the  great  art  of  such  an  operation  to 
conceal  the  labour — ars  eti  ceiart  ariem 
—-and  this  he  potsHses  in  a  very  eminent 
degree.  All  his  literary  productions  bear 
the  impress  of  good  sense ;  the  labori- 
ous industry  by  which  many  of  them 
bare  been  achieved,  is  koowo  ooly  lu 


6f  4     Wishaw's  Law  Dic/tonary.««-Bay]ey*s  TVtcer  of  London*    [vol.  CI 


himsdf.  Will  so  generally  correct  a 
writer  forgive  us^  if  we  hint  that  we 
do  not  like  such  phrases  as  calling  the 
pupil — a  *  number  of  the  eye,'— or,  in 
speaking  of  Lawrence,  that  he  painted 
the  personal  features  of  so  and  so— or 
that  he  '  wielded  the  pencil  * — or  *  out- 
stripped his  compeers,*  (evidently  used 
for  competitors),-—'  sapping  a  mine 
»n  a  covered  way/  for  a  covert  way  — 
and  many  other  instances  which  we 
could  quote. 

A  New  Law  DicLianary^  containing  a  con- 
cise Exposition  of  the  mere  terms  of  Art, 
and  such  obsolete  words  as  occur  in  old 

.  legal,  historicalt  and  antiquarian  writers. 
By  James  Wishaw,  Esq.  8vo.  pp.  389. 

EVERY  thing  must  have  a  name, 
and  if  it  be  the  name  of  a  thing  con- 
nected with  business,  it  is  fit  that  we 
should  be  able  to  distinguish  "  a  hawk 
from  a  heronsew/'  so  foolishly  con- 
verted by  miserable  waggery  into 
"  handsaw.'*  No  further  remark  is  ne- 
cessary concerning  a  work  so  clever 
and  useful  as  this. 

We  must  mention,  however,  some 
biographical  omissions.  Those  two 
terrific  personages,  the  giants,  not  of 
Guild,  but  of  Westminster  Hall,  John 
Doe  Sknd  Richard  Roe,  Arcades  ambo I 
Nisus  and  Euryalus!  and  that  usurp- 
ing giant,  Bad-Title,  and  that  ejecting 
Jack,  the  bully  of  the  said  giant, 
Good-Title,  are  utterly  omitted ;  yet 
they  are  all  as  p;Iorious  in  the  history 
of  the  Law,  as  Tom  Thumb  and  King 
Arthur  in  that  of  England. 

Every  body  has  heard  of  Johnson's 
famous  definition  of  Net-work  ;  **  any 
thing  reticulated  or  decussated,  with 
interstices  betwixt  the  intersections;" 
and  of  Bailey *8  Thunder,  •*  a  noise* 
well  known  to  persons  not  deaf.'* 
Scarcely  inferior  is  the  following  defini- 
tion of  CROSS-REMAINDERS ;  **  where  a 
devise  is  of  black-acre  to  A,  and  of 
white-acre  to  B,  in  tail ;  and  if  they 
both  die  without  issue,  then  over  here 
A  and  B  have  cross-remainders  by 
implication."— 2  Bl.  Cora.  381. 

The  History  and  Antiquities  qf  the  Tower  of 
London;  with  Memoirs  qf  Royal  and  Dis^ 
linguished  Persons.      By  John   Bajley, 
F.HS,  FS.A.  MJLJ^,  Sfc.     One  Fok 
Bvo.  pp,  627. 

THE  flattering  manner  in  which 
Mr.  Bayley's  first  edition  of  the  His- 
tory of  the  Tower  of  London  was  re- 


ceived, has  induced  him  to  put  forth 
this  handsome,  well-compresied  vo- 
lume. 

Another  reason  which  also  influences 
him,  *'  is,  to  check  the  system  that 
so  generally  and  discreditably  prevails 
in  the  present  day,  of  getting  op  small 
and  cheap  books  on  almost  every  po- 
pular or  important  subject,  by  ukiDg 
advantage  of  the  labour  and  research 
of  others  —  a  system  which  must  ef- 
fectually discourage  the  undertaking 
of  any  great  and  expensif  e  books,  and 
destroy  the  literary  character  of  the 
country. " 

To  ttiose  unacquainted  with  the  cir- 
cumstances of  the  case,  an  explanation 
will  be  necessary,  to  understand  how 
the  '^  discreditable"  practice  of  dif- 
fusing popular  and  imporunt  inform- 
ation, and  that  (oh  nefandum!)  ai 
a  cheap  price,  can  be  cheeked  by  the 
publication  of  another  work  of  that 
useful— and,  we  will  add,  that  highly 
commendable  class.  Be  it  known, 
then,  Mr.  Bayley's  words  are  hiero- 
^lyphical;  and  their  liidden  meaning 
i8» — "to  check  the  sale  of  a  certain 
small  and  cheap  book  which  has  been 
got  op  by  takine  advantage  of  the  la^ 
Door  and  research  exercised  in  my  great 
and  [it  is  truly  added]  expensive  work,*' 
The  "small  and  cheap  book"  alluded 
to  was  reviewed  and  commended  in 
our  Pebraary  Magazine,  p.  144.  Had 
it  not  been  from  the  publication  of 
that  small  book,  we  have  good  reason 
to  conclude  that  the  present  would  not 
have  appeared.  We  are  willing  to  aU 
low  a  general  preference  to  an  author's 
own  abridgment;  but  it  would  be  con- 
trary to  the  opinions  we  have  frequently 
ciren,  since  the  late  hap|r^  change  from 
dear  to  cheap  literature,  tor  us  to  assist 
in  any  design  of  checking  the  progress 
of  the  system. 

That  Mr.  Bayley  will  effect  that  ob^ 
ject,  by  joining  the  ranks  of  those  he 
would  suppress,  is  not  to  be  imagined. 
While  the  sale  of  his  "large  and  ex- 
pensive" work  has  probably  long  died 
away,  purchasers  will  be  found  for  ^A 
the  "  small  and  cheap  books.** 

This  edition  contains  the  text  of 
Mr.  Bayley's  two  quarto  volumes;  but 
the  Notes  and  Appendix  hare  either 
been  shortened  or  omitted. 

The  beantiful  plates  of  the  4to.  edi- 
tion were  destroyed,  but  their  place  is 
supplied  in  the  present  volume  by  ten 
smaller  views ;  some  of  which  were, 
however,  published  at  additional  illai- 


t4iT  I.]      RiviBW.— TV  iSenoit.— /fifCfUoitioiM  Rmnews. 


ess 


trationt  of  the  qnarto  edition.  The 
Yohime  is  approprialely  dedicated  to 
John  Calcy,  Esq.  F.R.o.  *'  one  of  the 
first  and  greatest  promoters  of  research 
into  the  records  and  hidden  treasures 
of  antiquity  in  this  kingdom,  and  who 
has  contributed  much  to  that  extensive 
knowledge  of  our  history,  laws,  and 
institutions,  which,  to  the  national 
honour,  has  now  so  generally  diffused 
itself  throughout  the  country.'* 

We  heartily  join  in  this  just  eolo* 
gium,  well  knowing  Mr.  Caleb's  readi- 
ness at  all  times  to  communicate  in- 
formation from  the  vast  stores  com- 
mitted to  his  care. 

Having  noticed  so  fully  Mr.  Bay- 
ley's  labours,  on  the  publication  of  his 
larger  edition  (see  vol.  xci.  pp.  495. 
625,  6l8 ;  vol.  xcv.  pp.  37»  147,  254.) 
we  prefer  congratulatmg  the  purchasers 
of  the  present  edition  on  their  easv 
acquisition,  rather  than  condoling  with 
the  subscribers  to  the  first  edition  on 
the  diminished  value  of  their  splendid 
▼oloroes. 


Tike  SmaU,  a  Poem^Part  /.   The  LoriM. 
£.  Bull.  1 880. 

THIS  is  a  satire  of  more  neatness 
and  elegance  than  |)Owcr;  though  suf- 
ficiently caustic  for  the  occasion.  It 
as  the  performance  of  a  poet  and  a 


scholar,  and  a  decided  tone  of  gentle- 
manly feeling  animates  the  whole. 

It  IS  very  elegantly  written — the  ver- 
siflcation  is  smooth  and  flowing — and 
the  poem  is  alike  creditable  to  the  in- 
tellectual taste  and  the  moral  feelings 
of  the  writer. 

We  cordially  recommend  it,  and  as 
the  suliject  is  comprised  in  about  four 
hundred  lines,  it  will  amply  repay  a 
half  hour's  perusal. 

The  Introduction  is  peculiarly  ant- 
mated  and  poetical. 

'*  Geoius  of  Eloqoenct,  with  faaey  firmnghtt 
With  godlike  impolie  and  poetic  tnoaght» 
CAt  whose  high  call  Demottbeoet  fores wora 
The  tonoding  anvil  and  the  sordid  floor, 
Poared  forth  with  stroggliog  ntteraaee  to 

the  clang 
Of  winds  and  waves  the  vehement  haraoguai 
Denounced  to  Greece  the  rojal  traitor's 

goile. 
Defied  hia  vengeance,  and  disdained  his  smile  | 
Roosed  all  the  virtues  of  bis  sinking  statt» 
And  ihed  a  martyr's  glory  round  her  fate) 
Hear  then  thy  votary'a  prayer— to  htm  aeciord 
The  sool*bilaaung  thoognt,  ik'  impasstoDed 

word  I  [awhile 

Suspend  thy  heavenward  course  t  and  pemi 
In  statelv  march  o'er  Albion's  sea-girt  Isle  % 
And,  linked  with  Freedom^  on  her  chosen 

shore. 
Instruct  and  charm  her  patriot  sous  ouee 
more." 


We  have  objections,  on  questions  of  prin- 
ciple, to  certain  parts  of  Mr.  Carpkntbr*! 
Guide  to  the  Pradical  Reading  qf  the  BitU  ; 
but  the  work  has  certainly  meritorious  pre- 
tensions, in  a  literary  view. 

The  Pastor  aiia  ;  a  Mamud  ^  Help  /or 
the  Parochial  Ciergy^  by  the  Rev.  HtnaY 
Thompson,  M.A.,  it  a  osefol  book,  which 
sutcs  the  various  texts  in  the  Bible  to  be 
found  upon  different  mbjects.  It  is  ela- 
borotely  execated,  and  confers  high  credit 
•a  the  author. 

TWo  Memoir  of  the  Coninrersif  respecting 
the  three  Meavemly  ffiiaeaeeSf  Isc  John,  v.  7, 
is  a  good  digest  of  the  publications  agaiml 
the  antbenticity.  We  shall  only  give  the 
opinion  of  Dr.  Bloomfield  (Recettmo^  viiL 
776)  that  fiu  too  modi  anxiety  has  been  felt 
and  expiiesed  upon  the  subject ; .  beeante 
the  verses,  if  genuine,  would  not  decidedly 
prove  the  doottiae  of  the  Trinity. 

There  are  many  who  think  that  no  religioo 
can  lead  to  salvation,  or  promote  public  good, 
which  is  not  enUiusiastie  and  r^aidleas  of 
rsas<»o.    Of  such  an  opinion  is  the  author  of 

Osirr.  Mao.  SmffL  Vol.  C  Ifaar  I. 


the  State  qf  Slavery  in  the  Mawritius,  who 
wants  to  pot  the  instruction  of  the  slaivcs 
into  the  hands  of  Wesleyan  Misalonarias.— 
We  hold  it  imprudent  and  impolitic  to  plaee 
such  a  dangerous  trust  in  the  hands  of 
hotheaded  people ;  at  the  same  time  the 
pamphlet  contains  many  useful  suggestioos. 

We  regret  that  the  Praettetd  Sermom  m 
the  BfuSet  to  the  Seven  Churches,  i(v^  by 
the  late  Mr.  MaNtn,  partake  so  much  oic 
rant,  as  the  hiteotioo  is  palpably  good,  vis. 
of  promoting  virtoe,not  theory  and  mysticism. 

We  have  seldom  seen  a  Sermon  more  np- 
propriate  to  the  subject  of  Frietidiy  Societies^ 
than  that  oi  the  Rev.  Rkh.  Pt arsow,  M.A. 
It  b  truly  exccUant. 

We  respect  the  feeling  and  alegaaoa  of 
Mrs.  CHAaLSS  Hxald's  Poems, 

The  Cmrremy  QuestionfreedfoomMMlayt 
Biakes»  as  usual,  an  Aladdin's  lamp  of  Fsper* 
money.  Now,  Paper-money  Is  a  sort  of  pio* 
digal  son,  good  for  nothing*  in  our  opiuiau» 
tall  he  comes  hack  to  his  iisthtr»  Special 
nader  whose  surveUknice  ha  BSa| 


«M 


MiaceUaneous  Renews. 


[vox*.  0. 


vieful  menber  of  society.  It  is  not  tMcet- 
Mury  to  sAy  more,  bectuic  Sir  R.  Peel,  in  a  re- 
cent speech,  has  most  satisfactorily  shewn 
that  ultimate  ruin  would  have  been  the  cer- 
tain consequence  of  persisting  in  a  mere  pa- 
per currency. 

Of  Mr.  SoTHKBY*f  Specimens  (f  a  New 
Fertion  qf  Horner^  we  observe,  that  Pope's 
translation  is  not  Homerical,  nor  do  we  be- 
lieve that  any  version  in  decasyllabic  lines 
and  rhyme  is  worthy  the  poet.  Rhyme 
would  spoil  a  tragedy,  much  more  an  epic 
poem  ;  and  we  do  not  think  that  it  is  possi- 
.ble  to  render  even  a  fine  paraphrase  in  blank 
verse,  characteristic  of  the  ancient  Greek 
Bard.  

Letters  to  the  Right  Hon.  Lord  K.  on  the 
rights  of  succession  to  Scottish  Peerages,  Tht 
House  of  Lords,  having.  May  3,  1899,  re- 
solved that  no  person  shall  vote  upon  an 
election  of  the  Scotch  Representative  Peers, 
unless  his  right  so  to  Vf>te  had  been  pre- 
viously admitted  bj  their  House,  Mr. 
Ephraim  LfiCKUART,  in  this  elaboraU 
pamphlet,  contends  that  this  resolution  ini* 
plies  an  assumption  unwarranted  by  the  cus- 
toms and  usagcf  of  Scotland,  and  at  variance 
with  the  Act  of  Union  (see  p.  97)  *  and  there* 
fore  that  the  Resolution  it  in  se  unauthorised. 

The  Lessons  in  Oljects  as  given  in  a  Pet- 
taloxzian  School,  at  Cheam,  Surrey,  show, 
that  children  are  taught  the  properties  and 
qualities  of  things,  as  by  an  Eocvdopedia ; 
and  it  is  certainly  a  roost  uteful  plan  for  ex- 
tending knowledge,  facilitating  description^ 
and  bestowing  a  copia  verborum.  ** 

We  regret  that  the  Conversations  on 
Geology,  through  beinc  mislaid,  hu  to 
long  remained  unnoticed.  We  can  consci- 
entiously speak  ot  it  to  flattering  terms. 

The    Magistrate's   Flan,    stated    in    his 
pamphlet,  concerning  the  ir^jurious  effects  <^ 
Tythe,  has  been,  we  think,  adopted  in  sub- 
•taoce  by  Government;  andj  therefore!  re- 
quires DO  further  notice. 

Vigorous  lines  and  general  elegance  cha- 
raeteroe  the  Rev.  Robcrt  Caomtxr's  Isiaand 


The  Rev.  John  Bayliy'i  TretAim  on  the 
Elements  of  Algebra,  ie  mtended  to  give 
greater  interest  to  the  study,  by  the  appli- 
cation of  its  principles  to  the  transactions 
of  common  life,  and  merits  patronage. 

The  Anlv-SUnmy  Monthly  Reporter,  No. 
69,  suggests  reasons  for  not  abandoning 
Sierra  Leone;  and  an  averment  that  an 
abstraot  appended  to  certain  resolutions  of 
the  West  India  Committee,  held  94th  of 
Febraary  last,  is  a  gross  imposition  on  the 
public. 


Dr.  BvRROWf ,  in  a  JLe^^r  to  Sir  Henry 
Halford,  complains  of  hard  usage,  in  regard 
to  the  evidence  which  he  gave  in  the  case 
of  Mr.  Edward  Davies,  a  presumed  lunatic'; 
who,  though  he  has  been  pronounced  of 
sound  mind  by  a  jury,  notp  acknowledges 
that  he  was,  and  stilt  is,  insane  ;  so  says  Dr. 
Burrows,  p.  14. 

A  new  Edition  of  Ltioa's  Picture  of  Lent' 
dan  has  just  been  published,  carefully  re- 
vised, and  including  an  acoofmfe  of  the  pre- 
sent improved  state  of  the  capital.  The 
numerous  plates  are  well  engraved  {  and  this 
well-established  volume  may  be  safely  re- 
commended to  the  visitor  of  the  Metropolis, 
as  an  intelligent  guide  to  the  numerous  in- 
teresting objects  with  which  he  is  anxious 
to  become  acquainted. 

The  Family  Cabinet  Atlas,  engraved  on 
steel,  by  Mr.  Thomas  Starlino,  is  printed 
on  the  same  size  as  the  Family  Lihrary»  Ca- 
binet Cyclopedia,  and  the  Family  Clasaieal 
Library,  and  is  well  calculated  to  supply* 
in  a  convenient  form,  the  most  important 
information  given  in  the.  larger  Atlas.  As 
from  their  small  size  the  maps  could  contain 
the  names  of  only  the  principal  places  of 
each  country,  the  less  important  are  arranged 
alphabetically  in  an  opposite  page>  with  tfietr 
latitude  and  longitude  affixed.  This  little 
work*  to  be  completed  in  twelve  numbers, 
cannot  i(0  of  success,  from  its  originality, 
and  the  clearness  and  beauty  of  its  engrav- 
ings.   

The  Enquiry  as  to  the  praetteahiUty  and 
poUey  qf  reducing  the  Duties  on  Malt  and 
Beer,  encreatistg  those  on  Briii$h  Spirits,  and 
equiiabiy  a^usHng  the  Land  Tas,  touches 
upon  points,  two  of  which  have  been  n^ 
cently  settled  in  Parliament.  Malt  liquor 
is  water  from  Lethe,  and  ardent  sprits  liquid 
fire  from  Phlegethoa.  Of  course.  It  is  better 
t|  drink  the  former  than  the  latter.  As  to 
tie  Land-tax,  the  sale  of  it  prMlodev  la 
our  opinion,  any  power  of  fitrtoer  tMsperiog 
with  it.  • 

Vk  Bxplanation  rf  the  Thkfitm  jMtkt 
qf  the  Jewish  Religion  may  suit  Iho  people 
to  whom  it  relstesy  and  was,  we  suppose, 

KUiahed  with  a  view  to  the  applieatiou  to 
rUaaseut  for  EmanctpatiOB.  All  thftt  •• 
can  say  ie>  that  "  if  that  first  oovenaat  had 
been  found  faultless,  then  there  wovU  ham 
been  no  room  for  the  second." 

CARaTAma*  Praetieal  Short  Hmti.  AH 
stitems  of  Shirt  Hand  are  praetieal  wWea 
they  we  practised;  the  letters  are  all  liaue 
or  curves,  and  the  prineiples  are  all  uniform. 
Of  course,  the  system  of  Mr.  Carataiia  is 
but  a  variatioo  of  positions^  and  a  difftrrat 
appropriation  of  the  letters.  The  difficulty 
attached  to  short  hand  is  to  fiMiiitate  tliu 
reading  of  tt»  .wbea  wntttn. 


FART  I.]  lAitrofy  jHtiUig€»c0,  0t7 

W«  ihiBk  vidi  Off.  MicCoftMAC,  hi  hit  that  «'  a  good  noral  tmi  fbyMoJ  adiiMliMi 
**  BeU  mtmu  ^f  impfving  tkt  moral  mmi  will  prodaot  Um  bttl  potubU  dMraetM.**-^ 
fkytimi  emukiim  €ftk0  tfhrkiitg  Qmtm"     p  16. 


LITERARY  AND  SCIENTIFIC  INTELLIGENCE. 


Royal  Socibty  or  LiTtRATDRt. 

The  Royal  Medali  have  baen  thi«  year 
arfjvdged  to  Wathtni^Km  Irrlnf,  e«q.  author 
of  the  Life  rf  Columhut,  the  Hblory  of  the 
Conquest  of  GrenaiU,  Bic.  (kc. ;  and  to  Henry 
HalUm,  e«q.  aothor  of  tlie  History  of  the 
Middle  Age,  the  ComtltatioBa]  Hbtory  of 
£nsland,  &e. 

The  ibilofriog  accouot  of  the  Papen  read 
to  the  Society  during  the  past  year,  will  be 
kiteresting  to  many  of  our  readers. 

I.— Criteria  fir  determining  in  tchieh 
f^ertfon  of  the  IMy  8eripture$  ike  original 
Hebrew  ComfHlaikm  tff  Time  is  emf&ined, 
with  the  Bna  ^  ComtpHon.  By  J.  Colli- 
Moai,  Esq. 

The  Writer  coBceiYes,  that  this  loog- 
eentested  Chroaological  Questioo  may  be 
aohred  by  the  appUcation  of  Sh- 1.  Newton's 
Astroaomical  Argnment  to  the  Patiiarehal 
pcrioda,  aa  they  appear  in  the  Hebrew, 
Greek,  and  Samaritan  Versions.  Newton 
supposed,  that  ihe  interval  of  1090  years, 
which,  according  to  Greek  writen,  eUpsed 
from  the  Argonaotic  Expedition  to  the  middle 
date  of  tlie  observations  of  Hippaichus, 
B.  C.  147,  resulted  from  II*,  #hich  the 
Equinoctial  poinu  had  gone  back  since  the 
days  of  Chiron,  computed,  at  the  estimate 
of  the  Greek  Astronomers,  one  hundred 
vears  to  1**.  But  as  the  poinu  wouM  go 
back  1  !•  in  79i  years,  at  the  true  rate,  he 
inferred  that  the  time  of  the  AivoDautic 
Expedition  shimld  Iw  lowered  in  tmt  pro- 
portion. This  argument  ia  defective  only 
from  the  want  of  data  ;  because,  had  the 
period  of  794  years  been  on  record,  as  well 
as  that  of  1090  years  — their  proportion 
being  in  the  ratio  of  the  ancient  and  true 
rate  of  precession  —  it  follows,  that  there 
could  be  no  diifieulty  in  selecting  the  right. 
In  the  Sacred  Numbers,  however,  there  is 
BO  such  deficIencT  of  data.  This  precise 
ratio  is  to  be  found  in  the  proportion  of  the 
tespective  Hebrew  and  Greek  Periods,  from 
the  eras  of  ihe  Creation  and  the  Deluge  to 
the  eighth  year  of  Ptolemy  PhiUdelpbua, 
B.  C.  977,  when  the  Septnagiot  Version 
was  begun.  Havmg  exhibited  the  fact  In  a 
eomparative  ubie  of  the  Hebrew  and  Greek 
dates,  the  Writer  infers,  that  this  result 
being  exactly  what  mu«t  have  happened, 
had  the  Seventy  loteqireters  possessed  ob- 
•ervatioBs  of  the  longitude  of  the  stars, 
made  at  the  times  of  the  Creation  and  De- 
luge, and  resflved  to  raise  the  original 
Hebrew  eras  according  to  their  ideas  of  as- 
tronomical truth,  derived  from  the  estimate 
of  equinoctial  precession  in  nse  aaoog  the 
Chaldean,  Egyptian,  and  Greek  Aitioao- 


roers ;  and  the  Greek  ante  and  poel-dilneliB 
periods,  both  Jointly  and  ae|!aralely,  tx- 
ceeding  the  Hebrew  hi  the  ratio  of  100  to 
71f }  snch  eanaes  alone  eouhl  hart  pro* 
dneed  such  consequencee  i  and  he  fbrthtr 
shows  the  historical  probability  of  hia  ia- 
fereuce  from  the  custom,  in  that  age,  of 
adapting  history  to  astrooomioal  periodsf 
and  from  tlie  rivalrv  at  that  thne  exieting 
between  the  Je«i%n  laterpretera  and  tho 
contemporary  aonalista,  Berosus  and  Ma- 
netho,  on  the  subject  of  antiquity.  Ho 
does  not  however  suppose,  that  the  Seventy 
were  the  first  corrupters  i  nor  aaaumo  that 
they  knew  the  places  of  the  tropica  nad 
eqoinoxea  from  the  Creatioci  i  but  no  coaai- 
ders  it  ceitaio,  from  tlie  aecoonta  of  the 
Chaldeans,  and  from  tho  ancient  seriea  of 
oheervations,  that  the  longitnde  of  the  itMO 
was  on  record  at  leaat  from  the  dilnviaa  orai 
and  therefMV  infera,  that  tho  original  poet- 
dilovian  comynlation  waa  rmlaed  accordJno 
to  the  received  astronomical  standard,  aa3 
that  the  ante-dikivian  period  was  iengthtaed 
in  the  like  proportioo. 

That  the  diluvUa  era  waa  the  point  of 
time  whence  these  oalculationa  were  madti 
it  confirmed  hj  the  Samaritnn  rackoningi 
which,  like  the  Greek,  protraeu  the  poat- 
diluvian  i^es,  but  shortens  the  original  aalt" 
diluvian  m>m  1656  to  1807  years,  as  if  to 
compensate  fer  the  alterations  rsquirad  hf 
an  erroneoua  estimate  of  the  post-dilnYlaB 
astronomy.  In  conformity  with  this  topfo- 
sition,  from  a  comparison  of  the  HoMow 
aod  Samaritan  periode,  showing  the  preeta* 
sion,  a  similar  result  directs  us  to  a  aJisHaf 
caose  of  corraptiou,  aa  in  the  taae  of  tho 
Jewish  interpreters.  Henee  the  iaferaMt 
is,  that  tlie  Samaritan  aasociatea  of  M^* 
nasseh,  whose  progenitors  had  bee*  hrooghl 
from  various  parts  of  the  AMyrian  Btipiri 
by  Esarhaddoo,  availed  themeelvee  (ahani 
B.  C.  400)  of  tho  observations  of  tbtir 
Chaldean  ancestors,  to  raise  the  dUnriaa 
era,  and  estaUish  a  Chronologioal  syotwa  la 
opposition  to  that  used  by  tho  Jews. 

In  the  latter  part  of  tbia  Memoir,  llit 
Writer  supplies  a  rule  for  bringlog  oot  tfan 
era  of  each  version  with  greater  preeialea> 
fomished  by  the  principlea  of  thoir  eormp* 
tion ;  and  gives  an  enaaintion  of  the  ehro* 
nological  sysum  of  ioaephas,  with  tho  oor* 
motions  introduced  by  that  hietoriaai,  oai 
otiier  ancient  authoritiee.  Ho  fonbor  ol«* 
cidates  tho  svbject  by  elaburato  tablos  |  ht 
particular  by  ooo  exhibitiog  the  origioBi  tad 
corropted  ScnptorsJ  peiioaa  aad  epuohi,  ai 
estioBied  by  too  aaeeesaieo  aoaipUeia,  with 
the  mptolAvo  eiM  of  uirnipUiiu,  dMapoi 


Ct9 


Royal  Society  of  Literature, 


[vol.  c* 


from  the  above-mentioned  rule,  and  verified 
by  hUtory;'— the  whole  involving  nine  dis- 
tinct astronomical  corruptions  of  the  sacred 
Hebrew  Numbers,  from  the  fabrication  of 
the  Hermaic  Genesis  in  the  age  of  Moses, 
down  to  the  modem  Jewish  computation  in 
the  ninth  century  of  the  Christian  era.— 
Read  May  iOth,  and  June  Srd,  1 839. 

II. — At  the  Meeting  of  June  17th,  1 839, 
W.  SoTHEBY,  Esq.  read  a  specimen  of  his 
Translation  of  the  Iliad;  the  part  selected 
by  Mr.  Sothebv  was  the  description  of  the 
shield  of  Achilles. 

1II.--A  further  portion  of  the  Rev.  Dr. 
Nolan's  Communication  **  On  the  ChronO" 
logical  use  of  the  Ancient  Cycles.** — (See 
Gent.  Mag.  1839,  ii.  160.)  In  this  part  of 
his  Memoir  the  Author's  observations  on 
the  Assyiian  Chronology  are  brought  to  a 
close.  In  confirmation  of  the  principle  be- 
fore applied,  he  shows,  that  the  historical 
grouuds  on  which  Usher  and  Des  Vignolles 
have  undertaken  to  found  the  schemes  which 
they  have  opposed  to  the  system  of  Scaliger, 
when  properly  understood,  really  tend  to 
the  establishment  of  the  views  of  the  last- 
named  chronologist.  The  authority  of  He- 
rodotus, Dyonysius  of  Halicamassus,  Justin, 
and  Appian,  are  not  only  reconciled  by  Dr. 
N.  to  tnat  of  Ctesias,  Diodorus,  and  Syn- 
cellus,  but  the  demonstration  which  Des 
Vignolles  professes  to  found  on  the  cele- 
brated eclipse  predicted  by  Thales,  is  shown, 
on  the  authority  of  Pliny,  Solinus,  and 
Cicero,  and  the  calculations  of  Kepler,  Nev.- 
ton,  and  Scaliger,  to  bring  direct  support  to 
that  scheme  df  Assyrian  chronology  which 
the  tests  proposed  by  him  for  identifying 
the  genuine  dates  among  the  spurious,  prove 
to  be  exclusively  true. — Read  Nov.  4th,  1 839. 

IV. — On  some  extraordinary  Eastern  Al- 
phabets.— By  Sir  W.  Ouseley,  Royal  Asso- 
ciate R.S.L.  The  manuscript,  containing 
the  collection  of  Alphabets  referred  to,  was 
procured  at  Calcutta  by  Lord  Teignmouth, 
and  exhibits  about  sixty  specimens.  In 
showing  that  while  some  of  tnese  are  prolia- 
bly  nothing  else  than  ciphers,  invented  for 
the  purpose  of  secret  correspondence  be- 
tween individualsj  others  are,  probably,  alto- 
gether imaginary ;  the  writer  notices  the  ex- 
travagant opinions  entertained  by  the  learned 
of  former  times  relative  to  the  origin  of  al- 
phabetic characters ;  such  as  their  being  in- 
vented by  angels,  their  communication  to 
Adam  by  Divine  revelation,  &c.  The  Perse- 
politan  character  is  found  in  this  collection ; 
but  the  copyist,  or  collector,  appears  to  have 
indulged  his  hncy  by  combining  the  simple 
element  of  the  arrow,  or  wedge,  into  more 
complicated  forms  than  we  can  suppose  to 
have  ever  been  in  actual  use.  For  the  pur- 
pose of  illustrating  this  part  of  his  subject, 
two  specimens  of  marble,  inscribed  with  the 
arrow-headed  character,  brought  by  Sir  W. 
Ouseley  from  Persia,  were  produced  for  the 
inspection  of  the  meeting.    The  surface  of 


one  of  these  fragments  appears  to  be  par- 
tially covered  with  a  yellowish  punt,  or  si- 
milar composition,  mistaken  by  travellers  for 
gold ;  from  which  circumstance  the  writer 
was  led  to  some  remarks,  tending  to  point 
out  the  probability  that  the  singukur  anomaly 
in  taste  which  prevailed  among  the  Greeks 
and  Romans,  in  adding  painUng  and  gilding 
to  their  sculpture,  may  have  oeen  derived 
from  the  practice  of  the  Penlua.^-Read 
Nov.  18/A,  1889. 

V. — A  Tramtatiaa  iff  Aneurin*s  Poem  rf 
«  Gorchan  CynoeHyn.**  By  the  Rev.  £i». 
WARD  Dayies,  Royal  Associate  R.S.L.— 
The  Translation  was  preceded  by  an  intro- 
ductory Memoir,  in  which  the  author  re- 
commends the  study  of  the  authentic  re- 
mains of  Aneurin,  Taliesin,  and  Llywarch^ 
upon  just  principles^  as  the  cmly  means  of 
enabling  the  historian  and  the  antiquary  to 
obtain  an  accurate  knowledge  of  the  customs 
and  manners  of  our  British  ancestors ;  and 
also,  through  an  acquaintance  with  the  lan- 
guage which  the  Romana  Irft  among  tbem, 
of  enabling  tis,  by  an  easy  deduction,  to  as- 
certain what  language  they  originally  ^bund. 
Read  Dec.  9,  1839. 

VI. — Memoir  on  an  Andent  Patfiisy*-^ 
By  James  Millinosn,  Esq.  Rojal  Asso- 
ciate ItSXi. 

In  a  former  paper,  the  writer  offiBiedsoiiM 
remarks  on  a  figure,  common  upon  coins, 
representing  an  Androcephalous  JBoIl,  anp- 
posed  by  modern  antiquaries  to  be  Bacchus 
nebon,  but  considered  by  him  as  the  per- 
sonation of  a  river.  This  opinion  has  since 
been  confirmed  by  the  discovery  of  aa  inte- 
resting painting,  upon  a  fictile  vase  found  at 
Girgenti,  the  ancient  Agrigentom,  undoubt- 
edly representing  the  contest  between  Her- 
cules and  the  Acbeloils,  for  the  possession 
of  Deianeiia,  in  which  that  river  b  repre- 
sented under  the  form  of  a  bull  with  a  hu- 
man head.  The  present  Memoir  b  accom- 
panied with  a  eopy  of  the  pahiting  to  which 
It, refers :  and  the  identity  of  the  figures  is 
established  by  a  minute  dncriplioo,  pointing 
out  their  correspondence  wiin  the  circum- 
stances detailed  by  varioas  andent  authors, 
in  their  accounta  of  the  above  contest. 
Drawings  are  likewiae  added  of  two  ancient 
gems,  hitherto  vapablislied,  relating  to  the 
same  subject ;  and  aUoaion  is  further  made 
to  a  fictile  vase  in  the  collection  of  the  Duke 
de  Blacas,  on  whidb  is  represented  a  subject 
which  has  re&nace  to  that  under  considera- 
tion.— ^In  copclosion  Mr.  MUlingen  adverts 
to  varioas  new  arguments,  brought  forward 
in  a  recent  work  by  M.  Avellno,  in  support 
of  the  theory,  that  the  figures,  whicn  he 
considers  to  represent  a  river,  is  Bacchus 
Hebon.  These  arguments  are  severally  re- 
plied to  by  Mr.  M.,  and,  in  his  opinion,  sa- 
tisfikctorily,  supported  as  he  is  by  the  various 
monuments  which  are  referred  to  in  his  me- 
moir.— Read  Jan.  6th,  1 830. 

VII.^PAtib^icaZ   ObsematUms   on   lAf 


rAKT  I.] 


Bayal  Sodeitf  of  LUeraiure. 


629 


Fnpketie  J/iptUaiim  rf'  Pharaok  Necko^  or 
JVMOfy  £ing  of  Sgvpi,  in  Jeremia/h  chap. 
xlviL  V.  17."  By  Uranvillb  Pemn,  Em^, 
F.R.S.,  &c. 

The  object  of  Uiii  paper  is  to  pnnre,  thai 
the  17th  verse  of  the  xlviiili  chapter  of  Jere- 
miahy  which  U  unintelligible  in  the  present 
Hebrew  text*  and  in  every  version  except 
the  Greek  of  the  Septuagint,  derives  all  ita 
obecurity  from  a  fruitless  attempt  to  inter- 
pret as  Hebrew  a  clause  in  that  verse  which 
is  not  Hebrew,  but  pure  Egyptian;  which 
Egyptian  clause,  the  Alexandrian  interpret- 
ers have  correctly  preserved  and  transmitted, 
as  it  was  originally  written  by  the  prophet 
himself  in  Bgypt.    The  writer  shows,  that 
the  clause  was  introduced  by  the  prophet 
into  his  denunciations  against  Egypt,  for 
the  purpose  of  affixing  on  its  sovereign,  Pha- 
raoh Necho,  or  Necos,  a  tauntlug  designa- 
tion in  his  own  language,  populsrly  descrip- 
tive of  his  fugitive  retreat  into  Egypt  from 
the  armies  of  the  King  of  Babylon,  whose 
territories  he  had  invaded.     He  shows,  that 
the  import  of  the  clause  is  readily  attainable 
by  resorting  to  the  Egyptian  Unguage  for 
its  interpretation,  in  which  it  literally  signi- 
fies, v^TQ-mutavit'Viam  ,*  and  that  the  verse, 
as  preserved  bv  the  Septuagint,  ought  to  be 
rendered—'*  Call  ye  tne  name  of  Pharaoh 
Necbao,    King    of  Egypt,    he'tumed'hit- 
courU'inwards :  **    and   he  concludes  with 
some  observations   on  the   importance  of 
Egyptian  philology  to  both  sacred  and  pro- 
fane literature,  and  on  the  value  of  the  Rev. 
Mr.  Tattam's  learned  labours  in  that  neg- 
lected field  of  erudition. — Read  March  dd^ 

isao. 

Vin. — Note  on  Semiramit.-~By  Gran- 
ville Penn,  Esq.  Au  Appendix  to  the 
last  paper. 

In  consequence  of  the  Greek  writers  hav- 
ing confounded  the  names  of  Syria  and  As- 
syria, the  traditions  respecting  Semiramis 
have  been  involved  in  much  obscurity,  and 
the  denominations  of  Syrian  and  Astyrianp 
as  applied  to  her,  convey  co  distinct  notion 
of  her  country  ox  her  birth-place.  Diodorus 
Siculus,  with  whom  Alexander  Polyhistor, 
Philo,  Lucian,  and  Pliny,  are  in  accordance, 
affirms  this  Queen  to  have  been  by  birth  a 
Syrian  or  Samarian  of  jlseaUm*  Now,  the 
elements  of  the  original  Hebrew  word,  which 
haa  been  rendered  £a/'.a^fi«,  and  Samaria^ 
afford  the  signification  of  Servaia  Coiumba, 
in  which  words  appears  to  be  comprised  the 
fitbled  history  of  siemiramis  having  been  ex- 
posed in  a  desert  place,  and  preserved  by 
4hv€»i  *>m1  the  writer  b  of  opinion  that  tfa« 
name  Zi/apet^;,  Semiramis,  is  no  other 
than  the  vemactilar  appellative  of  her  native 
eonntry,  Samaron  or  Samarian^  varied  in 
the  Greek  enunciation,  and  supplied  with  a 
Greek  termination. 

With  reference  to  the  title  of  this  Qoeen 
to  be  also  called  Assyrian^  he  first  establishes 
(be  period  when  she  lived,  to  belong  noi  to 


the  ages  of  &ble,  but  to  the  bwuBnIog  or 
middle  of  the  Eighth  Century  BTc.  ;  the 
roost  eventful  of  any  in  the  relations  of 
Syria  and  Samaria  with  Assyria,  being  the 
date  of  tlie  transfer  of  the  entire  population 
of  the  former  countries  to  the  latter  by  the 
Assyrian  Sovereign ;  and  he  then  shows,  bj 
various  evidences,  that  it  is  entirely  con- 
sistent with  the  testimony  of  histoid,  and 
therefore  reasonable  to  believe,  that  the  eU- 
vation  of  Semiramis  to  the  throne  of  Assy- 
ria, was  the  consequence  of  her  being  carried 
away  in  the  general  depopulation  of  her 
native  country,  like  Esther,  and,  like  Esther, 
in  the  quality  of  a  Hebrew  captive,  fiMci- 
nsting  tne  monarch  by  her  beau^  and  ao- 
coroplishroents. — Read  Jan,  36/A,  1830. 

IX. — A  Letter  from  Sir  Thomas  Phii^ 
Lipps,  Bart,  on  a  remarkable  Bronze  F^iure^ 
engraved  in  Captain  Mionan's  lYavit  in 
Chaidea, 

This  relic  was  found  by  Captain  M.  at  n 
place  called  Akerkouf,  otherwise  **  Nemrond 
fapessy,*'  the  Mound  of  Nimrod ;  and,  from 
the  singular  circumstance  that  images  ex- 
actly similar  are  found  in  Sweden,  Sir  Tho- 
mas deduces  a  confirmation  of  the  geneni 
opinion,  that  the  Scandinavian  nations  de- 
rived their  origin  firom  the  East. — Read 
Feb.  3rd,  1880. 

X. — A  Letter  from  Sharon  Tornrb, 
Esq.  Royal  Associate  R.  S.  L.  contaimng  an 
Historical  Notice  connected  tcith  the  Operoi' 
Hon  of  Breaking  the  Enemy* »  Line. 

Tliis  manoeuvre,  so  successfully  introdnccd 
into  our  system  of  naval  warfiure  by  Lord 
Rodney,  in  the  action  of  the  19th  of  April j 
1789,  was  not  unknown  to  the  Anciente, 
having  been  practised  by  the  Lacedemoniasf 
in  their  naval  combats  with  the  Athenians. 
The  particular  instance  adduced  on  this 
point  by  the  Writer  is  the  battle  of  Arginnsm, 
off  the  Isle  of  Lesboe,  as  described  oy  Xt* 
nophon  i  in  which  engagement  the  victorj 
was  gained  l^  the  Athenians,  in  conseqoenee 
of  their  havmg  expected,  and  effiectnaH^ 
provided  against,  the  very  movement  on  tbt 
part  of  their  opponents,  the  claim  to  th« 
invention  of  whicli  has  been  of  late  to  moeh 
disputed.  As  the  Historian  does  not  speak 
of  it  as  a  new  idea  of  the  Spartan  admird 
on  this  occasion,  it  would  seem  to  haym 
been,  with  the  Greeks  as  with  us,  a  regular 
part  of  naval  tactics.— Aeuf  Feb,  Srd,  1880. 
XI.— On  the  '<  Grecian  Rote,**  at  ittw- 
trating  the  imagery  qf  the  Odet  ateribed  k> 
Anacreon,  with  a  view  to  determine  the  am- 
Ihentieity  qf  thote  compoeitkmM,  By  th* 
Rev.  Fred.  Nolan,  LX.D.,  &c. 

The  flower  deecribed  with  such  extra- 
vagant encomiums  by  the  author  of  these 
Odes,  under  the  name  of  po^ov,  is  wnqnss- 
tionably  the  same  which  is  known  at  the 
present  time  as  the  Rote,  It  is  the  ol]Jeet 
of  the  writer  of  this  Memoir  to  state  the 
grounds  upon  which  he  coincides  in  opinion 
with  those  critics  who  rtluM  to  adgsow- 


65G 


Royal  Society  of  LiUraiurt. 


[vol,  c. 


ledge  thete  elegant  effusions  u  the  genuine 
works  of  Anacreon. 

1.  Ttie  Rose,  as  described  in  the  Ana- 
creontic Odes,  and  as  familiarly  Iniown  in 
modem  times,  is  acknowledged  to  be  the 
product  of  cultlration;  the  original  plant, 
from  which  all  our  Tarieties  have  proceeded, 
being  the  common  wild  briar.  Such  is  the 
Rose  which  Theophrastns  describes,  as  alone 
commonly  known  in  Greece ;  and  although 
the  process  by  which  the  simple  blossom  of 
the  wild  briar  is  converted  into  the  fine 
double  Rose,  does  not  appear  to  have  been 
altogether  unknown  to  that  naturalist,  yet 
the  language  he  uses,  in  speaking  of  the  arti- 
ficial production,  implies  tha  the  had  never 
had  an  ojiportunity  of  seeing  it.  This  tes- 
timony is  confirmed  by  the  accounts  which 
have  come  down  to  us  of  the  state  of  horti- 
culture among  the  Greeks  ;  and  by  the  fiu;t, 
that  the  garlands  used  by  the  Greeks,  upon 
festive  occasions,  were  composed  of  such  or- 
dinary plants  and  herbs  as  myrtle,  coriander, 
feverfew,  parsley,  &c. :  the  custom  of  inter- 
weaving them  with  flowers  was  not  intro- 
duced before  the  hundredth  Olympiad.  Such, 
fikewise,  was  the  composition  of  the  crowns 
celebrated  by  the  early  lyrists,  including  the 
genuine  remains  of  Anacreon,  preserved  by 
Athanceus.  The  period  when  Tiieophrastus 
published  his  wore,  in  which  he  gives  the 
above  account  of  the  Rose,  as  known  to  the 
Greeks — ^at  which  period  the  horticultund 
art  was  in  a  state  quite  incapable  of  pro* 
docing  flowers  corresponding  in  beauty  and 
firagrance  with  those  celebrated  in  the  Odes 
«— was  the  hundred  and  sixteenth  Olympiad ; 
%vhile  the  period  when  Anscreon  flourished 
cannot  be  brought  lower  than  the  sixty- 
fifth,  being  a  difference  of  more  than  two 
centuries. 

S.  While,  however,  the  cultivated  Rose 
appears  not  to  have  existed  in  Greece  in  the 
age  of  Anacreon,  the  term  po^ov,  afterwards 
applied  to  this  flower,  was  in  use,  not  only 
at  that  period,  but  even  in  the  times  of 
Homer.     The  second  part  of  Dr.  Nolan's 
Memoir  was,  therefore,  devoted  to  ascer- 
taining the  particular  flower  to  which  the 
term    was    originally  applied.    The    word 
f'o^oy  is  of  oriental  derivation ;  the  original 
term   is  employed  by  the  eastern  writers^ 
and  by  Homer,  to  express,  not  specifically 
the  rose,  but  generally  any  flower  used  in 
dyeing.     In  this  sense  it  was  applied  to  the 
lily,  the  plant  madder,  the  privet,  &c.  \  but 
the  flower  which  assumed  to  itself  (x«r* 
i^ox^.v)  the  name  <»f  the  dyt'Ji(m.tTy  po^ov^ 
was  the  blossom  of  the  pomegranate,  or  ha- 
laustiom.     The    dye    extmcted    from    this 
flower  was  red ;  and  hence  the  word  apptavt 
to  have  been  applied   to  all  flowers  fratt 
which  a  red  dye  was  extracted.     We  leam 
from  the  Scholiast  on  Pindar,  that  it  ww 
from  its  being  celebrated  for  its  dyea,  whidi 
were  obtaiued  frero  the  wild  pmnegvattatt. 


that  the  island  of  Rhodes  received  its  name. 
Should,  however,  any  reasonaUe  doubt  be 
entertained,  respecting  the  signification 
ascribed  to  the  term  under  consideration,  it 
is  certain  that  the  plant,  whatever  it  was,  to 
which  it  was  assigned,  obtained  but  a  mode- 
rate share  of  admiration,  if  we  except  tlie 
suspected  odes,  in  which  a  flower  so  called, 
corresponding  to  our  modern  Rose,  h  cele* 
brated  with  an  excessive  and  nnexampled 
partiality. 

The  balaustium  having  been  superseded, 
in  its  application  to  the  art  of  dyeing,  by  the 
brigliter  colour  drawn  from  the  murex, 
gradually  sank  into  oblivion ;  while  the  Rose, 
obtaining  increased  attention,  fixed  the  ge* 
neral  admiration,  and  finally  appropriated 
the  name  which  it  at  fint  received  by  adop* 
tion.  From  Greece  U  found  its  way  into 
the  Italian  soil,  and,  through  France,  was 
spread  all  over  tlie  West;  while  its  recep- 
tion into  every  European  f^arden  was  accom- 
panied by  the  adoption  of  its  name  into  all 
the  European  languages. 

The  argument.  Dr.  Nolan,  in  eonelusiony 
contends,  which  hit  has  thus  offered,  as  a 
test  by  which  the  authenticity  of  the  Odet 
passing  under  Anacreon'i  name  may  be  tried, 
whatever  estimate  may  be  formed  of  its 
weight,  has  so  little  to  encounter  from  the 
evidence  advanced  in  tlieir  support,  that  it 
derives  from  it  the  fullest  confirmation.  It 
appean  to  him,  indeed,  wonderfol,  that  tha 
testimony  upon  which  their  pretensions  reflt» 
should  ever  have  been  diallenged  in  their 
fovour.  Nothing  seems  to  him  more  clear» 
tlian  that  they  roust  ht  adjudged  to  soma 
pereon  different  from  the  reputed  author; 
probably,  to  tome  writer  cotemporary  with 
the  close  of  Tnjan*s  nXfga.'^'Read  AfrU 
7  th,  1830. 

Wtclippb  BiBtB. 

The  Council  of  the  Royal  Society  of  Lite'- 
nture  has  consented  to  afford  their  tanctioa 
and  support  to  a  proposal  forpublishing  tha 
Ancient  Veraion  of  the  CM  Testament,  at- 
tributed to  Wycliffb.  The  value  of  the 
Wycliffite  Translations  of  the  Scriptures,  of 
which  only  the  New  Testament  has  hitherto 
been  printed,  both  as  connected  with  the 
critical  study  of  the  Sacred  Writings,  and  as 
supplying  the  most  ample  and  satisfiictory 
source  to  which  «re  can  refer  for  the  state 
of  our  laagaage  at  the  close  of  the  four- 
tecBth  mutmj,  is  generally  acknowledged. 
They  have  been  long  regarded  by  echolaiay 
not  only  of  our  own  but  ot  other  countries^ 
as  one  of  the  most  extraordinary  and  va- 
luable BOBumenU  i>f  Literature  bequeathed 
to  us  hy  our  aocestora.  This  work  is  to  be 
mdaeed  under  the  editorial  care  of  Mr. 
FoBSHALL  and  Mr.  Madden,  of  the  British 
Museum,  Memtera  of  the  Society!  who, 
from  their  official  situation  and  coancctiontt 
possess  unusual  facilities  for  the  accomplish- 
ment of  their  important  task,  and  whoae  hft- 
bitisal  punuits  peculiarly  fit  ihem  lo  stt- 


PA&T  I.] 


LiUNtnf  tmd  Scimiific  InidUgeitei^ 


891 


itttfutT*  OS  il»  tMeittioB. 

The  AftUNDKL  MAKOtctirrt. 

lu  vol.  xciz.  H.  p.  &46,  w«  gavt  n  M- 
dooat  of  Um  AnuMlel  MSS.  io  the  potttt- 
•too  of  the  Royal  SooitCy,  uid  of  the  nego- 
cwtioiM  which  were  then  pending  between 
the  Trasteet  of  the  British  >Iticeain  and  ike 
Pretideot  and  Council  of  the  Society,  relative 
to  an  exchange  for  varinot  works  on  •clcooe 
in  the  Moscam.     We  are  happy  to  tay  that 
the  exchange  it  now  conaidered  aa  finally 
arranged,    though    bobm    difficulties    hate 
ari«en  during  tlte  negociation,  owing  to  the 
circumstance,  that  some  of  the  worlu  ofiFpred 
in  exchange  were  of  little  or  no  value.    The 
manuscripU  having  been  inspected  by  judges 
chosen  by  both  pariies,  were  valued  at  about 
9,300i.  and  it  was  agreed  thai  the  President 
of  the  Royal  Societv  should  select  books 
from  the  collection  of  duplicates  in  the  Mn* 
•enm,  which  amount  to  nearly  100,000  vo- 
lumes, and  are  valued  at  10,000/.     Mr.  Da- 
vies  Gilbert,  aided  by  the  Council  of  the 
Royal  Society,  examined  this  immense  stock 
of  duplicaus,  triplicates,  and,  in  some  in* 
stances,  quadruplicates,  of  books,  and  could 
only  si^t,  out  of  the  10,0001  worUi  of 
volumes,  about  600L  worth,  which  couM 
be  admitted  with  propriety  upon  the  shelves 
of  the  Soeiew's  Ubrary.    The  assent  of  the 
Dukn  of  Norfolk  to  the  esehaage  was  lately 
obtained,  in  the  event  of  the  Trwstees  of  tho 
Museum  consenting  to  keep  the  nianoseripts 
in  a  case  by  themselves,  and  affixing  a  stamp 
on  them,  showing  how  they  had  come  into 
the  p«issession  of  the  Trustees.   After  oonss« 
derable  diseumion  on  the  mode  of  exchaafre* 
it  was  finally  agreed  that,  to  supply  tbi 
deficiency,  part  of  the  stock  of  dnplieatce^ 
hfi.  of  bo(»ks  in  the  Moaeiun  shouki  be  sold» 
and  the  pruceeda  laid  out  in  the  purehaae 
•f  scientific  wori»»  suilablo  iot  the  Royal 
Socie^. 

pRixE  Essays  on  Ikelavo. 

Lofd  Cloneurrpr  has  offered  two  prixee  of 
lOOL  each,  for  the  best  essays,  to  be  pro- 
duced on  or  hefnre  the  1st  day  of  Jwit, 
IMl,  oo  tho  fillowing  snbjecU  :— 

Ffanst  —  *<  Absenteeism  :  the  Union  re- 
tonaidtred  after  30  vears.*' 

Seoond— "The  Population  and  Territory 
of  Iftlnnd  considered,  with  a  view  to  Im* 


»• 


Ceitain  learned  bodiee  are  to  name  Judges, 
and  copiee  of  the  essays,  manuscript  or 
printed,  are  to  be  presented  to  the  Dublin 
library  Society,  the  property  of  the  trriters 
in  every  other  respect  to  be  nnimpaired. 

OxPORD  Unitmuitt  CoMMBMons-noiff. 

June  28.  The  commemoration  of  found- 
ers and  benefactors  was  holden  in  the  thea- 
tre :  the  CrewcixD  Oration  was  delivered  by 
Mr.  Cramer,  the  Public  Orator,  who  made 


a  very  eloqoeBt  and  foefiaf  illMlai  fen  iIm 
state  of  the  King's  health. 

The  honorary  degree  of  Doctor  in  Civil 
Law  wne  conCirred  on  Oewetal  tho  Lord 
Viscount  Comberasere,  G.  C  B.  Sic.  At.  t 
Captain  Sir  Thomas  Followes,  R.N.  CJk 
Member  of  the  Legion  of  Honour,  lko*&o«t 
John  Shute  Duncan,  Esq.  M.A.  and  ho* 
Fellow  of  New  College  {—to  which  thty 
were  presented  by  the  Rev.  Dr.  Bttssy  Do* 
puty  rrofinsor  of  Civil  Law. 

RkLIOIOIC  op  the  EAtTERN  NATIONt* 

A  ring  In  the  possession  of  the  Coontett 
of  Casiilis,  dug  up  near  Moutrose,  in  Scot* 
land,  bears  the  miniature  Lingam  and  Yoni, 
of  Hindu  adoration  ;  round  and  over  which 
b  wreathed  the  serpent.  On  either  side  It 
the  sacred  bull,  with  the  hump  on  tho 
shoulder,  which  at  first  caused  the  whole  to 
be  mistaken  for  the  arms  of  Mar,  supported 
by  griffins.  Col.  Tod,  at  a  meeting  of  tht 
Royal  Asiatic  Society,  lately  pronounced  It 
of  Hindu  origin,  but  admitted  that  it  might 
have  belonged  to  some  of  the  *'  Giant  Getea,** 
who  found  their  graves  in  their  descents  on 
Scotland.  He  maintains  that  the  same  n* 
ligioo  prevailed  amoos  all  the  tribes  who 
peopled  Europe  from  the  East  t  in  proof  of 
which  he  adduces  the  existence  of  exacdy 
the  same  symbols  at  Pompeii,  Pcstom,  Cor* 
tooa,  and  vnrioua  parts  of  Franet. 

YOEK  MiwaTER. 

Our  readers  will  be  gratified  with  the  fol- 
lowing satisfactory  Report  of  the  Progreea 
of  the  Repairs  of  York  Minster,  in  a  Lktec 
firom  the  Architect,  Robert  Smirke»  Eeq, 
to  the  Dean  of  York. 
*«  Sib, 
'*  In  compliance  with  your  desire,  I  bnv« 
the  honour  to  send  you  the  following  ne- 
count  of  the  progress  made  with  the  repnin 
of  York  Minster,  during  the  year  that  hat 
elapsed  since  the  works  were  begun. 

"  The  first  oMect  having  been  to  givt  •§- 
curity  to  the  mbric,  and  to  restore  aad 
strengthen  all  those  parte  of  It,  bv  the  do- 
struction  of  which  its  soliditv  had  been  in- 
paired,  a  considerable  number  of  masoaa 
nave  been  emplovcd  for  this  purpose  i  and 
tlie  shafts  of  all  those  pillars  which  bad 
suffered  much  from  the  effects  of  the  fire 
have  been  repaired,  in  the  most  subatantSal 
manner. 

**  The  walls  above  the  Brches  of  tho  choSr 
have  been  rebuilt,  in  manv  parts,  wbtrt 
they  also  had  been  iinured  by  the  fire  and 
by  the  destruction  of  tho  roof;  and  tht 
cornice  and  battlements  upon  the  walls  hmm 
been  restored,  except  at  the  two  small  Isaa- 
septs,  upon  which  some  workmen  art  aithia 
time  employed. 

•<  Tlie  moulded  stono-work  round  tho  mk 
per  windows  of  the  choir  was  found  to  be 
in  a  very  ioitired  state,  and  baa  been  wholly 
renewed.     In   some  parts,   the    mouldings 


(»8 


Report  on  the  Repain  of  York  Minuter, 


[rot.  <% 


round  thftse  wlndowi  had  been  repaired  at  a 
former  period,  apparently  in  consequence  of 
Bome  partial  fiilure  in  the  walls ;  but  they 
bad  been  repaired  only  by  the  insertion  uf 
pieces  of  wood,  plastered  over :  all  these 
defective  parts  have  now  been  restored  with 
atone,  worked  in  a  solid  manner. 

**  Masons  have  been  employed  also,  during 
the  winter,  in  preparing  the  enriched  capitals 
of  the  clustered  pillars,  and  other  ornamental 
parts  of  the  stone-work,  which  were  destroy- 
ed. Many  of  these  are  finished,  and  ready 
to  be  fixed ;  and  they  will  probably  be  all 
completed  in  the  course  of  the  ensuing 
summer. 

"  The  stone  of  the  altar-screen  is  found  to 
have  been  injured  in  so  great  a  degree  by 
the  fire,  that  no  part  of  it  can  be  preserved ; 
and  some  masons  are  employed  in  preparing 
the  new  screen,  moulded  and  enriched  in  the 
same  manner  as  the  old  one,  very  carefully 
adopt'mg  the  same  style  of  execution  in 
every  port  of  it. 

"  I  have  not  yet  begun  the  repair  of  the 
organ  screen,  the   interior  walls  of  which 
were  wholly  destroyed  t  but  the  masons  will 
proceed  with  this  work  as  soon  as  they  have 
completed  the  more  important  parts  adjoin- 
ing  it.     In  alluding  to  this  screen,  I  cannot 
nnrain  from  expressing  my  regret  at  the  re- 
markable degree  of  misconception  that  has 
prevailed,  in  regard  to  the  question  of  its 
removal.     There  can  be  few  persons  who 
do  not  respect  the  feeling  so  generally  en- 
tertained against  the  alteration  of  any  part  of 
these  ancient  structures,  when  it  is  made 
only  to  gratify  some  capricious  views  of 
taste;  but  the  suggestions  in  respect  to  this 
acreen  arose  out  of  the  discovery,  that  it 
was  advanced  considerably  in  front  of  the 
position  occupied  by  the  screen  which  origi- 
nally separated  the  choir  from  the  nave  : 
and  to  consider  whether  it  were  practicable 
or  expedient  to  restore  the  Minster  in  this 
part,  according  to  its  original  design,  cer- 
tainly was  not  inconsistent  with  a  scrupulous 
regard  for  the  preservation  of  the  fabric. 
The  most  ardent  admirer  of  the  very  beau- 
tiful  specimen  of  Gothic  ar6hitecture   in 
this  screen  cannot,  I  think,  refuse  to  adroit, 
that  the  architect,  in  designing  it,  indul;;ed 
his  taste  at  the  expense  of  the  more  dignified 
features  of  this  part  of  the  Minster ;  for  I 
do  not  believe  that  any  building  could  have 
presented  a  more  sublime  e£Fect  than  was 
produced   in   this,   by  the  four  great  and 
noble  pillars  of  the  tower,  when  they  stood 
unencumbered  with  the  work  that  has  been 
since  built  around  part  of  them. 

"  The  roof  of  the  choir  was  fixed  and  se- 
cured with  its  covering  of  lead  In  the  month 
of  November,  before  the  unfavourable 
weather  began :  every  part  of  it  has  been 
constructed  with  teak,  supplied  by  his  Ma- 
jesty's Government,  from  the  stores  of  well- 
seasoned  timber  in  the  dock  yards;  and  it 
was  in  consequence  of  obtaining  this  valuable 


grant  of  timber,  that  I  was  enabled  to  get 
the  roof  prepare<l  in  time  to  secure  the  inte- 
rior of  the  Minster  from  the  Increased  injury 
which  it  would  have  sustained  by  exposure 
during  the  late  severe  and  long  winter.  Ex- 
perience has  well  proved  tne  extraordi* 
nary  strength  and  durability  of  teak  timber, 
in  situations  where  oak  and  other  wood  has 
failed ;  and  as  I  have  confidence  in  the  prin- 
ciple adopted  for  the  coniitruction  of  the 
new  roof,  and  the  workmen  at  York  have 
executed  it  in  a  correct  and  excellent  man- 
ner, I  can  assure  you,  for  the  satisfiiction  of 
the  Chapter,  and  of  those  (xentlemeo  of  the 
County  who  interest  themselves  in  the  work, 
that  the  roof,  if  due  attention  be  given  to 
the  preservation  of  its  covering,  will  last  as 
long  as  any  part  of  the  Minster. 

*'  All  the  lead  with  which  the  new  roof  it 
covered  was  procured  firom  the  mines  of  the 
Greenwich  Hospital  Estates,  and  is  of  the 
best  quality. 

**  Workmen  ere  now  fixing  the  moulded 
rtbe  of  the  ceiling  of  the  choir.  I  have  had 
the  principal  or  solid  pert  of  all  these  ribt 
made  of  teak,  forming  a  strong  and  durable 
frame  over  the  whole  of  the  vaulted  area ; 
the  mouldings  upon  the  riba  are  an  interior 
lining  attached  to  the  frame,  end  aife  made 
of  a  li£ht  American  wood. 

<*  The  advantages  of  this  coDstniction  are, 
thaty  befides  possessing  great  strength,  it 
has  enabled  me  to  have  toe  tmrfiuse  of  the 
complex  curves  of  the  vaulttng  formed  in  a 
better  and  more  accurate  manuer  than  they 
were  originally  made,  and  will  admit  of  the 
removal  and  replacing  of  any  part  of  the 
mouUiings,  should  it  ever  become  neoessary^ 
from  any  accidental  and  partial  eause  of  in- 
jury. The  form  of  all  these  ribe,  their 
curves^  and  manner  of  intenectioB»  have 
been  restored  in  eveir  respect^  acoording  to 
the  origmal  design  of  the  eoliag. 

**  During  the  time  that  those  works  have 
been  in  preparation^  other  workmen  have 
been  employed  in  making  the  seats  of  the 
choir  :  very  fiew  firagnents  remained  of  the 
highly-enriched  and  elabomte  work  of  the 
stalls  and  seats ;  but  in  the  consideration  of 
their  design,  I  have  been  assisted  by  Mr. 
Wild  and  Mr.  Mackenzie^  who  formerly, 
on  several  occaiioAa»  had  made  accurate 
drawings  of  these  and  many  other  parte  of 
the  Minster  {  and  it  is  chiefly  by  means  of 
the  valuable  assistance  they  have  afforded 
me,  by  their  dxmwings  and  information,  that 
I  am  enabled  to  pledge  myself  to  the  fiiithful 
restoration  of  this  interesting  part  of  the 
work. 

**  The  teats,  and  all  the  carved  work  about 
them,  are  preparing  by  workmen  at  York» 
and  a  anmcient  Quantity  of  very  dry  and 
well  seasoned  oak  has  been  procured  for  the 
purpoee;  all  these  seats  will  be  completed 
oefore  the  ensumg  winter. 

*'  The  enriched,  or  what  U  commonly  call- 
ed the  tabernacle  work,  over  the  preMndel 


rAiT  lO        y^ff  MUuier.^-'Paririnii  bf^  Sir  7.  Lmtrence, 


CSS 


I,  hat  bMB  Um  MiployaMot  of  a  eonti- 
«i«ral>l«  oamber  of  canrert  and  other  trork- 
neo,  in  Loo4on»  during  the  bat  aight 
mooiht  s  a  larga  part  of  thii  work  b  alrtady 
Bnbhedy  and  dapotiltd  in  eaaaa  within  tha 
Minster,  and  tha  ramaioder  of  it  will  pro* 
bablv  ba  ddirarad  thartt  raadj  to  ba  fixed, 
within  two  or  thrta  months  from  thajprasant 
tiiM:  it  has  all  baao  prepared  with  wall- 
seasoned  oak,  collected  for  tha  purpose  in 
Holknd. 

**  Respecting  the  manner  in  which  this 
carred  work  has  been  executed,  I  shall  only 
obsenre,  that  a  comparison  of  it  with  the 
fragmeutt  of  the  ancient  work  that  have 
been  preserved,  will  show,  in  a  very  satbfac- 
tory  manner,  the  approbation  to  which  it  is 
entitled. 

"  WoiksMB  are  also  proceeding  with  the 
canred  wood  work  of  the  richly-ornamented 
screens^  whieh  extended  from  tha  stalla  to 


the  altar,  andoaing   tha  ahoir   on   each 
aide. 

«  An  the  aasaatkl  parts  of  tha  work  of  re- 
storation are,  therefore,  in  progiasaj  tad 
we  shall,  1  hope,  be  enabled  to  carry  tbaai 
on  with  as  much  expedition  as  as  oonsiataiH 
with  their  substantial  and  perfect  exeenlioB. 
After  providing  for  the  security  of  ifao 
fabric,  attention  haa  been  given,  according 
to  ycNir  deaire,  principally  to  tha  forwardiflg 
of  those  parts,  upon  the  complati—  or 
which  the  performance  of  divine  aeirvioa 
may  be  resumed  in  the  Minster.  I  canaol 
yet  name,  with  ceruinty,  the  time  when  the 
works  will  be  in  a  sufficiently  advanced  slalt 
for  this  purpose,  but  I  have  reason  to  hope 
they  may  be  so  before  the  end  of  this  year; 
I  have  no  doubt  of  having  the  restoratUM  of 
every  part  of  the  Minster,  that  was  dastrayad 
or  injured  bv  the  fire,  completed  wtthb  iha 
periwl  stated  in  my  former  Report.*' 


PortraiU  Painiti  hy  Sir  Thomas  Lawrikci,  and  Exhibiied  in  the  Royal  Academy  ^  Somermi 
House,  from  the  year  1787  to  the  Year  1890,  with  the  dates  of  their  eihUiUoiL 


Amelia,  Princess 
Angersiein,  John  Julius 
Alnutt,  Mrs. 
Alnutt,  Mr. 
Angerstcin,  Mrs. 
Antrobus,  Mr. 
Amherst,  Lord 
Aberdeen,  Earl  of 
Aojrerttein,  J.  Julius, 

Children  of 
AngersteiD,  John  Julius 
Anglesey,  Marquis  of 
Arbuthoot,  Mrs. 
Auckbod,  Lady,  andl 

her  Children  J 

Austria,  Archduchess  } 


} 


of.  Daughter  of 
Aliemethy,  John 
Aberoethy,  John 
Armagh,  Abp. 
Aberdeen,  Earl  of 
Angerstcin,  John 

Bell,  Mr. 
Boucheretes,  Mr. 
Byog,  Mrs. 
Bath,  Manpib  of 
Banks,  Sir  Joseph 
Baker,  Willbm 
Baring,  Sir  Francb 
Baring,  John 
Blncher,  Prince 
Bloomfield,  John 
Belarave,  Lady 
Barmg,  Mrs.  H.  and 

Children 
Blessington,  C'tess  of 
Bedford,  Duke  of 


5 


! 


790 
798 
798 
799 
800 
801 
805 
808 

808 

816 
817 
817 

818 

880 

8S0 
898 

830 
830 
830 

798 
800 
801 
809 
806 
806 
807 
807 
815 
890 
891 

891 

899 
899 


1896 
1896 
1830 


1789 
1789 
1790 
1793 
1795 
1800 
1801 
1809 
1809 


Out.  Mao.  ^m^^^  Vol.  C 

H 


Bexby,  Lord 

Lord 

Belfast,  Lady 

C. 
Cramoer,  Lady 
Qutter,  Mr. 
Charlotte,  Queen 
Clarence,  Duke  of 
Cowper,  William 
Curran,  Mrs. 
Curran,  Mr. 
Cowper,  Earl 
Cunningham,  Lady 
Campbell.  Lady  Char- >,3^^ 

lotte  ) 

Cauning,  Hon.  George  1810 
Castlereagh,  Lord  1810 

Charlemont,  Earl  of  1819 
Charbmont, Countess  )  igi^ 

of  ) 

Cortb,  Sir  William  1819 
Cowper,  Lady  Emily  1814 
Canova,  Anthony  1816 

Cuthbert,  Mrs.  1817 

Charlotte,  Princess  1891 
Conyngham,     Udy     K^^ 

Francis  ) 

Curtis,  Sir  William  1894 
Cbnwilliam,  Earl  uf  1 894 
Calmady,  Charles,       > 

Children  of  5 

Croker,  William  1895 

Canning,  Hon.  George  1895 
Chancellor,  the  Lord  1 895 
Croker,  Mbs  Sally  1897 

Cbrk,  Chamberlain  1 897 
Cooper,  Sir  Astley  1897 

Cbieooe,  Duke  of  1899 

Canning,  Hon.  George  1 899 
.  Part  1. 


i 


1787 


D. 
Derby,  Coontasa  of  1808 
Davb,  Richard  Hart  1818 
Durham,  Bishop  of  1816 
Davy,  Sir  Humphry  IStl 
Devonshire,  Duke  of  1894 
Durham,  Lord  1818 

E. 
Eaten,  Mrs.in  tha  cha- 
racter of  Belvedere 
Eldon,  Lord  1800 

Erskine,  Hon.  Thomaa  1809 
Exeter,  Marchiooeas  of  1808 
Ellenborough,  Lord  1808 
Elbnborough,  Lady  1818 
Eoglefield,  Sir  Henry  1818 
Exchequer,  Chancer  )  ,  .^^ 
lorTftha  r**^ 

Eldon,  Earl  of  1898 

J. 
Farran,  Mba  1808 

Forster,  LadyEIisabath  1808 
Farrington,  Joseph  1808 
Fry,  Mrs.  1880 

G. 
Grey,  Sir  Charbs  1797 

Grant,  Sir  Willbm  1808 
Grey,  Hon.  Charlaa  1805 
Gloucesur,  Bbhop  of  1805 
Grev,  Countess  of^  1818 
Graham,  Sir  Thoowa  1818 
Grantham,  Lady  1814 

Glooeeater,  Dncfaeaa  of  1817 
Oower,Lady£lbabeth  I  ^^^^ 


Grant,  Sir  William  1880 
Oloocaater,  Dnehaea  of  1884 
Gower,  Lord  Franeb  1887 
Gower,  Connteas  nl^  )  ...^ 
and  bar  DMgluer    T 


031 


Porltails  by  Sir  T.  Lawrence.-^Seiect  Pottrff,        [y<OL.  c« 


H. 

Hamilton,  Mri. 

1789 

U«iniltoa,  L«dy 

1803 

Hope,  Henry 

1605 

Uood,JUaj 

1808 

Uftfevood,  Earl  of 

1829 

H«rford>  Mrt. 

1834 

Hope,  Mrt.  TiioiuM      1896 
Hardwicke,  Etfl  1880 

J. 
Jan^iogs,  MJM  1799 

Jekyil>  Joflepb  1817 

Jersey,  Cou^UM  of        1693 

K. 
lUmUe,  John  PhUip,  -) 

in  Uie  chamcter  of  MT98 

CorioUnua  ) 

Kemble,  John  Philip  1 804 
Kemble,  John  Philip,  "^ 

in  (h«  character  of  >181i? 

Cato  J 

Knighton,  Sir  William  1 823 

L. 
Linley,  Master  1789 

Lysons,  Samuel  1799 

Lambert,  Hon.  Miss  1 803 
Lonsdale,  Earl  of  1812 

Leister,  Uuly  1814 

Locke,  Master  William  1814 
Lyndoch,  Lord  1817 

Lowther,  Hon.  H.  1813 

l«m(>ton.  Lady  Lotuta  1821 
Londonderry, Marquis  of  1 82 1 
Littleton,  Mrs.  1822 

Lieven,  Countess  of  1828 
Londonderry,  Marquis  >  .  «^  ^ 

of.  Child  of  ^  r»«* 

Lambton,  Master  1825 

Lonionderry,     Mw- > 

chioness  of  j    «»« 

Liverpool,  Earl  of  1827 

Londonderry,      Mar    > .««« 

chioness  of  J 

Lyndhurst,  Lady  1 828 

Locke,  Mrs.  1829 

M. 
Majesty,  Her  1790 

Mackintosh,  Sir  James  1 804 
Meade,  Lady  SeJina        1 80^ 


Melrille,  Lord  1840 

May,  Mrs.  1812 

Mooorioy,  ViscQNBC  1312 

>lcM*hoo,  Colooal  1 814 

Mon^,  William  1314 

MeAde,  Lady  Selin*  1 830 

Majesty,  His  182^ 

Manners,  Lady  Robert  1323 

Melville,  Viscount  1329 

Macdonald,  M  iss  1 329 

Moore,  Thomas  T830 

N. 

N«ve,  Mra.  1798 

Nor/Uk,  Ottke  of  1799 

Nub,  John  1317 

O. 

0^aii4«r,  La^  M«r'«  1317 

Price,  UredaJe  1739 

PenoicoU,  Rev.  Mr.  1300 
PoUington,   VistouE-  )  ,^^1 

tess,  and  Child  ] 

Paget,  Hon.  Beojamia  1807 
Fitt,  Rt.  Hon.  William  1 808 

Pole,  Miss  Wellesiey  1812 

Platoff,  Prince  1815 
Pattison ,  —  esq.  Sons  of  1 8 1 7 

Palmer,  James  1321 

Peel,  Mrs.  1 825 

t^eel,  Hon.  Rol^rt  1329 

Peel|  Mrs.  1327 
Peel,   Wm.  Daugh- 
ter ^ 

R. 

Riddell,  Mrs.  1806 

Regent,  Prince  1815 

Romilly ,  Sir  Smuu^I  1818 

Regent,  Prince  1818 
Ricnmond,  DucheM  of  1829 

Seafof^h,  Lofd  1798 

Stoi^treet,  George  1802 

Siddons,  Mn.  1804 

Suffolk,  Earl  of  1308 

Stewart,  Hon.  Charles  1811 

Stratton,  Mrs.  1311 

S^wart,  Sir  Charles  1814 
Stafford,  Marchioness  \ 


1829 


! 


1393 


pf 


/ 


\%\S 


Suvart»  Ho9.  Fipderic  1313 

$to«e]l,  hwA  1324 

Soph'#,  Prj«CMa  1325 

Scott,  Sir  W#i^  M27 

SeiJ^ftBi«  Loi4  1823 

Sofme,  John  1329 
SaUsbwy.    Mafduo-I 
oesf  of                   5 

Sootbey,  BaMrt  133a 

T. 

Thompson,  Mrs.  I3O0 

T#iss,  Mr^  1600 

TtaspletovB,  Lidf  1309 

Thorkm,  L9r4  1303 
Th«lasa9a»  Mrs.  *»4  )  .a^- 

ciuu  r 

Taylor,  John  1313 

Thayer,  Miss  1313 
TlMNDOod,   Marohio-  \ .«,, 

3tMaf  5 

Tovrtos,  $ir  l^ipm  1316 

U. 

Upton,  Hon.  Caroline  1801 

Upton,  Hon.  Sophia  1801 

W. 

Waiiams,  Mrs.  1804 

Wall,  Mr.  1807 

West,  Benjamin  1811 

Wellesley,  Manfuis  of  1819 

Watt,  James  1319 

Wolf,  Mrs.  1813 

Welliogton,  Duke  of  1315 

Wingrave,  Lm^  1316 

Winoenbnrgh,  nripoe  1316 

Wellinffton,  I>uke  of  1813 

Wast,  fienjamia  1821 

W«I|i]$gton,  Duke  of  1 829 

Woroaxo,  Coun|  182$ 

WelliogtOD,  Duke  of  1329 

Wellrogton,  Duke  of  132$ 

Wallscourt,  Udy  1826 

WoQdiM»  Sir  R.  J.  1 380 

V. 

York,  Duke  of  1789 

York,  Duke  of  1814 

York,  Duke  of  1816 

York,  Duke  of  182? 

York,  ArchbislM|i  of  1 329 

York,  Duke  of  1 829 


SELECT     POETRY, 


Lines  sent  to  the  late  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence, 
P,R.j4.  on  New  Year's  Day. 

By  John  Taylor,  Es^. 

P^RIEND  Lairrence  1  known  from  a  long 

distant  tim^, 
Let  me  address  thee  now  in  honble  rhyme, 
And  well  my  greeting  may  this  day  appear. 
When  Fate  has  giv'n  the  world  another  year. 
May  ev*ry  future  one  to  thee  abound 
With  all  the  bliss  that  can  on  earth  be  found. 
Till  that  same  Fate  shall  call  thee  hence,  to 

go 
To  jniu  with  Raphael,  Titian,  Angelo, 
And  other  Lawrences  of  former  days, 
Whom  Fame  Imis  destin'd  for  eternal  praise; 


And  who  for  thM  menres  apon  her  foU 
A  plaoa  to  mingb  isitb  the  aighty  whole. 
Now  let  mo  cive  to  thee  a  niodast  hint, 
Remimting  theo  of  a  much- valued  print. 
Our  Kbmblb  in  hit  easy  ahair  raclin'd, 
With  tha  calm  tawor  of  a  pensive  mind  i 
This  prial  d  him  whose  memory  we  vt« 


To  Genias,  Friendship,  and  to  Shakspaaiw 


Twas  tky  own  promise  thou  to  mo  woaldst 

go** 

That  I  might  see  him  still  in  fiuusv  live. 

Tlien  will  the   likeness  of  ona  mend  im- 
part 

Another's  kindness  marked  by  potent  Ait. 


FAST  I.] 


SeUit  Poeltg. 


6S5 


STANZAS 

Bt  THI  RsV.  RjCHAKD  PEAMOIf»  M.A. 

JF  ever  thoa  hMt  heav'd  a  stgh. 
If  ever  i|M>a  half  drbpl  a  leflr» 
For  oihcn*  woe  io  sympathy, 

Heav»r  ftraafer,   Mive»  aad  drop  obo 
bera; 
Aad  weefr  va»  Undred  I  weep  ye  oo» 

FttM  well  the  tear  beoowee  the  eye» 
WheD  the  ]«it  haiaUi  of  lile  U  gone. 

When  the  bel«v'd»  deMrving,-.die  % 
Aad  fitter  eauee  ye  ne'er  oao  have 
For bear»4elt grier,  than  •••'•  utUnely 


Too  iiir,  aha  \  too  Urn  barf  been, 

Out  hoar*  of  oooverM  here  o»  earth ! 
^et  when,  fiicperleiiee,  bast  thoa  leen 

fn  space  so  fhorc,  tmib  ttofa  of  vorCh  ? 
If  cnltar'd  mlod,  if  fseHog  heart — 

But  more— if  spirit  that  aspir'd 
Through  CbriilSan  fbltl^  atChritfhMiri  pwt. 

To  be  I'ectvtked  attd  admii^d, 
Dftienre-wthen'  pfcateow  tribotea  shed 
O'er  WiLLniv'e  woithxbSer,  o'er  Willuw 
dead. 

By  Cam's  Iba'd  bttks  m  eUsoie  bo^^iey 

Pase'd  he  a  epotlenai  ooble  ydatbi 
Tb«  steady  pvifoee  orkie  hoon^ 

AidentpoiMilofaeefol  tr«lAi| 
The  davwiooeHiiedyor  epeat 

i«  dsseifwtioD^  with  H  broight 
N*  pleaettrea  !»•  *iod  iMesI^ 

like  his,  oa>  tkiags  with  wiedom  kmAx, 
Weep,  then,  o>r  ha>d  eewt'd  loits  eatoMb'd, 
Floveta  of  learning  Uighaad  ae  they  blooea'd  t 

What,  thoogh  the  Muse  has  not  to  Cell 

Of  frats  achier'dby  head  or  hand; 
How  like  a  WoLFt  tfr  NtUON  fell. 

Re,  iightiog  for  his  native  land ; 
Or  CHATHAM-like,  dieeese  defied, 

While  pouring  forth  a  mighty  flood 
Of  eloquenoe,  exnausted  died 

In  Senate,  for  his  country's  good  t 
Still  head  nor  hand,  stUl  mind  nor  heefet. 
More  yeam'd  or  strove  to  fiU  iu  destin*d 


No  hero  for  hi*  natal  aoU 

Could  with  a  firmer  patience  brwve 
Daoaer,  and  want  of  sleep,  aad  toil. 

Than  he  who  health,  existence  ga««» 
Topurcbase  knowledge  i  not  design'd 

To  varnish  vice,  or  lead  astray ; 
But  to  im|>rove,  to  save  mankind— 

To  indicate  to  Heav'n  the  way; 
And  with  the  o«ip  just  rais'd  to  sin— > 
The  loag-wbh'd  cup— Death  daeh'd  it  lirom 
his  lip.* 

*  The  subject  of  these  linea  inteaded 
shortly  to  enter  into  holy  orders. 


But  why  Ument  ?  Are  Age  alone 

Atod  Viee,  an  kMnoMoA  meet. 
To  lay  before  the  glorious  throne 

Of  holy  Heav*n — PiaptCTioN't  foet? 
No— let  the  flow'rs  of  innocence 

AMd>>«ih,  inbre^j^  a  stiri^^ 
To  Heav'n  send  op  their  redolence — 

The  young  and  foir,  the  good  aad  hrite  . 
Who  beet  is  dut/saa«i^  hath  tfwd^ 
The  pureil  vietim»  fittest  ia  for  Ooe. 

Cease,  Aiiguiab,  cease ;  reflect,  ye  firiiods, 

What  evils  unforeseen,  wliat  cai« 
For  others'  woe,  what  thwarted  ends. 

He  had  been  doom'd  perchance  to  brar^ 
This  lifo  proloog'd ;  rejoioe  to  find, 

Snatch'd  flrom  their  unrelenting  swiqr. 
So  almon  pOf«  a  heart  and  mind 

To  Heav'n  have  wing'd  their  enried  way  } 
lUjolM  to  thitak  the  chalice  dhua'd, 
B^re  the  fonnUin-strtam  of  nie  was  itab'd. 


Not  fimn  Aieolion,  real, 

Th*  cruel  wish,  misplac'd  desfair. 
Pamnt  or  aisCer,  brother,  firieMl, 

In  pity  eeaee  each  atlfiah  pray'r  i 
Suppress  the  selfish  tfear  aad  sigh,- 

And  head»  ob  bead,  in  thttikfobese^ 
Befon  tho  Merey«^ear  oa  Hlgh» 

That  eae- of  so  ■laoh' wofthnMssy 
So  littU  soU'd  with  ealihiy  le*v*nv 
la  fifame  thue  Christiail  Uth  baea  bosna  to 


INSCRIPTION  FOR  A  BUSTOFTASSO: 

IVom  the  Itaiiim  qfMaUkias. 

By  Ttn  RsT.  Aaemigitoii  WiuKcuAii.t 

JJKRE  hi  thee»grom,  ofemy  Mom  tfitf 

baoaf, 
By  lift'fffmwb  tMttpMI  ehattet'd  Md  ^ 

Tonjpato froai  bb MAIiaMir'd  to  lairt, 
Aad  ia  their  thetesrlag  Luwen,  toae  h^ 

Has  fovad  safo  ftluga.    Hera  their  Magii 


Still  the  sweet  sfrtae  hold,  aad  by  theeUi 
Of  eehoiag  etreaato,  iho  swaa    ia    tUOkHf 

pTMi 

Neata  mki  the  stHigt  of  4ie  BMlodicMuf  lyiv. 
Then,  straagir,  vhaCher  fhwi  the  iey  Mip« 
Booyaat  of   heart,  or  wheia  the  uwlai^ 


Scorches  swart  Afrie's  tiM,  tbaw  tfhiHk'm 

hei%, 
To  thia  bright  flUiile  boa  ily  itvaieht^eoat, 
Aad  o*er  the  bue^of  swaet  TVaiMto't  sob» 
Stfvw  pioue  flo«eri^  aad  shed  the  holy  tiar. 


Trmshtiea  ef 'Eaaw» 


t  Ffom  Wi&a's 
Jaat  pahttthadk 


[    636    ] 


[roi.  c. 


HISTORICAL  CHRONICLE. 


PROCEEDINGS    IN   PARLIAMENT. 


HouiB  of  Commons,  June  si. 

The  House  having  resolved  itself  into  s 
Committee  of  Ways  and  Means,  the  Chan- 
cellar  qf  the  Exchequer  intimated  his  inten- 
tion of  reducing  the  Duties  on  the  coarser 
kinds  of  East  India  Sugars  upon  the  same 
scale  as  those  of  the  West  Indies.  He  also 
proposed  an  alteration  of  the  graduated  scale 
from  ll.  25.  6d.  to  11.  2j.— Mr.  C,  Grant 
said,  that  he  should  move  an  amendment  to 
reduce  the  duty  on  West  India  sugar  to 
205.  the  cwt.,  and  on  East  India  sugar  to 
255.,  and  to  take  off  the  duty  on  refined 
sugar  in  bond. — ^The  Chancellor  of  the  Ex- 
chequer opposed  the  proposition  as  being  to- 
tally inapplicable. — A  long  debate  ensued, 
and  on  tne  House  dividing  there  appeared — 
For  the  Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer's  re- 
solution 161 ;  against  it,  144. 

The  Chancelk/r  of  the  Exchequer  moved 
the  order  of  the  day  for  the  further  consi- 
deration of  the  report  on  the  Sale  of  Beer 
Bill. — Sir  Edward  KnatchbuU  opposed  the 
measure,  and  said  that  whatever  relief  the 
Bill  might  afford  in  large  and  populous 
towns,  it  would  confer  no  bisnefit  at  all  upon 
the  labouring  classes.  The  first  amendment 
he  should  propose  was,  to  limit  the  clause 
giving  permission  to  drink  the  beer  on  the 
premises,  to  a  permission  to  vend  the  beer, 
but  not  to  allow  its  consumption  in  the 
place  or  house  where  it  was  brewed.  The 
second  amendment  was,  that  the  Bill  be 
passed  for  three  years  only. — Sir  J,  Sebright 
could  not  with  consistency  support  either  of 
the  amendments  of  the  Hon.  Baronet,  be- 
cause thev  were  at  variance  with  the  prin- 
ciple of  the  BUI. — Mr.  BramsUm  supported 
the  amendment.  He  saw  no  reason  to  dread 
the  effect  of  a  monopoly  in  the  brewing  of 
beer,  which  was  extremely  partial. — The 
Chancellor  of  the  Exchequer  believed  that 
the  attempt  to  limit  the  duration  of  the  Bill 
to  three  years  would  tend  to  keep  men's 
minds  in  a  state  of  doubt  as  to  the  perma- 
nency of  the  policy  on  which  the  House  had 
deliberately  resolved.  To  adopt  the  first 
amendment  would  be  to  debar  the  public 
from  the  advantages  promised  it  by  the 
House  when  repealing  the  duties  on  beer ; 
which  repeal  would  be,  in  that  case>  a  fitl- 
lacy ;  for  the  argument  then  held  was,  that 
if  the  tax  had  continued  on  the  sale  of  beer, 
it  must  have  tended  to  the  benefit  of  the 
privileged  trader  alone.  It  was  for  the  be- 
nefit of  society  that  the  sale  of  beer  ought 
to  be  unshackled.^Mr.  Benett  believed  that 
the  Bill  would  be  a  great  blessing  to  the 
poor,  and  produce  greater  sobriety,  industry. 


and  good  order. — Sir  Edward  Deering  op* 
posed  the  Bill,  inasmuch  at  it  would,  in  • 
tenfold  proportion,  increase  the  iiidiioeoi«iitc 
and  seductions  which  the  labonrinr  ofauMas 
had  in  the  country  to  spend  their  tuiMy  •nd 
mispend  their  wages^  away  from  their  &• 
milies,  in  alehou8es.---Co]oiieI  Sibihoirp  op- 
posed the  Bill,  l)ecause  it  violated  the  feeted 
rights  of  property  in  the  brewer*  ead  pub- 
licans.—Mr.  Byng  said  the  Bill  wee  a  violent- 
attack  on  private  property. —The   Honae 
then  divided — For  the  Amendmeiit  of  Sir^ 
E,  KnaichlmU  108;  against  it,  188.— Both 
Amendments  were  lost. 

House  op  Lords  Jmu  t9. 
The  Marquis  qfLafudoume  moved  the  ■•- 
cond  reading  of  the  FoBOBAY  BiUm— Tho 
Earl  of  fFinchilsea  aave  bis  heartj  wippuit  i 
to  the  measure,  not  because  lie  wee  a  lover 
of  novelty  or  change,  but  on  the  ground  of 
its  beneficial  tendency.— The  Duke  o/'ittdk*' 
numd  saidy  that  if  the  law  ■•  it  et  pteeeot 
stood  were  not  altered,  it  Unst  puee  th»* 
judges,  and  whoever  luppened  to  be  Seoto* 
tary  of  State,  iu  a  most  perjrfexing 


He  looked  upon  tlie  measure  es  •■  espeti« 
ment,  but  one  worthy  of  trieL^The  Lard^ 
Chancellor    said,   that    the  JEHU  oonldnad 
clauses  to  which  he  conld  not  gife  hie  eop-' 
port.     At  present,  however,  he  would  Bofe'. 
discuss  the  particular  clauses  towlueb  bo. 
objected,  but  should  reserve  fw  e  future  oo- 
casion  the  ftcts  and  argumente  whleh  had. 
convinced  his  mind  that  their  Loidshipe 
could  not  with  safety  adopt  ihe  BUI  in  Uio 
form  in  which  it  had  come  np  to  them  from 
the  other  House  of  Parliament — ^The  Bill , 
was  then  read  a  second  time«  end  ordered  to  ' 
be  committed. 


House  of  Commons,  June  84. 

Mr.  Trant  presented  a  petition  firom 

Harcourt  Lees,  praying  to  arm  the  Lord 
Lieutenant  of  Ireland   with  extraordiiiaiy 
powers  to  put  down  the  Popish  deniegoguea. 
At  the  same  time  he  adverted  to  a  letter 
signed  with  the  name  of  the  member  Ibr 
Clare,  calling  upon  the  people  of  Ireland  to  ' 
make  a  run  upon  the  banks,  by  exchanging 
bank-notes  for  gold.     He  called  npon  tho 
Member  for  Clare  to  desist  firom  this  syatem  nt 
agitation,  which  must,  ifcontinoed,  produoo 
a  re-action. — Mr.  Doherty  coknplained  that 
the  hon.  and  learned  Member,  af^r  he  had 
obtained  rhe  high  honour  of  a  seat  in  that 
House,   instead  of  declaring  his  oplniona 
there,  and  calling  upon  the  House  to  adopt 
them,  should  make  his  appeals  to  the  pae- 


PART  I.] 


PfcttdingM  tit  Parliammkt. 


ear 


•Unm  of  the  ignonuM  pMtMitry  of  hb  eotta- 
try.  Bad  hieit*  thMB  by  raeh  doetriatt 
H  '<  war  to  tiM  Inife." — fXoiM/  ChtfringJ 
— He  would  Ull  him  that  hb  object  ia 
adoptiag  nieli  a  eoaraa  was  oot  to  obtaia  aa 
iavcttigatioa  of  the  queatioB  of  the  evrrtaeyi 
or  of  aoy  other  qoattion.  He  was  prompted 
to  it  by  die  abeord,  aod  weak,  aod  mbenble 
aocioo,  that  he  coold  drive  the  Gorernmeat 
to  hie  poTPoeee  by  the  err  of  **  war  to  the 
kaife/*— If  he  eatertaioed  objectioai  to  the 
Bankiag  Sjitem  of  Ireland, — let  every  man 
meet  the  Miobter  fiice  to  face,  where  he  had 
the  opportunity,  in  that  Hoimc,  and  by 
argaoMBt  eadeavoiir  to  show  tliat  his  objec- 
tions were  well-grouoded.— Mr.  (/Ccnndl 
said  that  he  had  but  one  duty  to  perform, 
aad  that  was,  first  to  protect  the  interesu  of 
the  pec^e  of  Irebnd,  aod  then  those  of  the 
people  of  Eagland.  He  had  certainly  called 
upon  the  people  of  Ireland  to  petition  against 
the  tasMS  about  to  be  imposed  on  that  country. 

Jaoie  9tft  aad  98.  Both  houses  were  oe- 
eupied  with  adminbtering  the  usual  oaths  of 
supremaoy  aad  allegiance,  in  consequence  of 
the  demise  of  the  &>Tereigo. 

Houii  or  Loaos,  Jwte  99. 
The  Duke  if  H^eUwrUm  presented  the 
following  Message  from  his  Majesty,  wfiich 
was  read  by  the  elerk>  all  the  Peers  being 
uncovered :— > 

««  WiLLUM  R. 

«  The  King  feeb  assured  that  the  House 
of  Commoas  entertain  a  just  sease  of  the 
loss  which  hb  Majesty  and  the  country  have 
sustaiaed  in  the  death  of  his  Majesty's  la- 
ihented  brother,  the  Ute  King,  and  that  the 
House  of  Commons  svmpathixe  with  hb 
Msjesty  in  the  deep  affliction  in  which  hb 
Majes^  b  plunged  by  thb  mournful  event. 
The  King,  taking  into  his  serious  considera- 
tion the  advanced  period  of  the  Session,  aad 
the  state  of  the  public  business,  feels  un- 
willing to  recommend  the  btrodnetion  of 
any  new  matter,  which,  by  its  postpone- 
ment, would  tend  to  the  detriment  of  the 
public  service.  Hb  Majesty  has  adverted 
to  the  provbions  of  the  bw  which  decrees 
the  termination  of  ParlboMnt  within  an 
early  period  after  the  demise  of  the  Crown, 
and  hb  Majesty  being  of  opinion  that  it 
will  ba  most  conducive  to  the  general  con- 
▼enienee  and  to  the  public  interests  of  the 
country,  to  call,  with  as  little  deby  as  poe- 
sible,  a  new  Parliaatent,  his  Majesty  re- 
commends to  the  House  to  make  such  tem- 
porary provbions  as  may  be  requisite  for  the 
public  service  in  the  interval  that  may 
elapse  between  the  close  of  the  present 
Session  and  the  meeting  of  another  rarlia- 
ment." 

The  Duke  of  IVeUmgUm  said,  that  he 
should  beg  the  poeiponeflsent  of  all  discus- 
sion till  the  followmg  day,  and  that  their 
Lofdshipe  should,  on  the  present  occaaioo. 


oonfina  thaasehrei  to  atpraselens  of  regrti 
for  the  great  loes  the  eountry  had  snttainedy 
aad  ooagratnlatioo  to  hb  Mafeely  on  hb  ae- 
ceesion  to  the  throne.  Hb  Grace  then 
passed  an  eloquent  eulogium  on  the  eharan- 
ter  of  hb  late  Majesty,  speaking  of  him  as 
the  most  polbhed  and  enlightened  eova- 
reign  of  his  time,  aod  a  munificent  patron 
of  the  arts  :  his  Grace  then  adverted  to  the 
great  and  stirring  events  that  had  occurred 
since  the  late  King  took  upon  himself  the 
government  of  the  kingdom,  and  concluded 
by  propotbg,  "  That  a  humble  address  bo 
presented  to  his  Majesty,  to  assure  hb  Ma- 
jesty that  we  fully  participate  ia  the  sovert 
affliction  hb  Majesty  b  suffering  on  account 
of  the  death  of  the  late  King,  his  Majesty's 
brother,  of  blessed  and  glorious  memory. 
That  we  ahall  ever  remember,  with  a£Rtc- 
tionate  gratitude,  that  our  late  Sovereign^ 
under  circumstances  of  unexampled  diffi- 
culty, maintained  the  ancient  glory  of  thb 
country  in  war,  and,  during  a  period  of 
long  duration,  secured  to  his  people  the  in- 
estimable blessings  of  internal  concord  and 
external  peace ;  to  offer  to  hb  Majeety 
our  humble  and  heartfelt  eongratnbtions  on 
his  Majesty's  happy  accession  to  the  throne  | 
to  assure  his  Majesty  of  our  loyal  devotSon 
to  hb  Majesty's  sacred  person ;  and  to  ex- 
press an  entire  confidence,  founded  on  our 
experience  of  hb  Majesty's  beneficent  cha- 
racter, that  his  Majesty,  animated  by  sin- 
cere love  for  the  country,  which  hb  Majesty 
has  served  from  hb  earliest  years,  will,  uih 
der  the  favour  of  Divine  Providence,  (fired 
all  hb  efforts  to  the  maintenance  of  the  re- 
formed religion  established  by  bw ;  to  the 
protection  of  the  rights  and  libertbe,  aad 
to  the  advancement  of  the  happiaees  wad 
prosperity,  of  all  cbsees  of  hb  MajeeCj'e 
mithfol  people.** 

BaH  Grey  entirely  conewrad  ki  ouaQr 
part  of  the  Address  which  had  bean  pronawJ 
by  the  Noble  Duke,  and  fob  ptrraadad  UMk 
there  wouM  not  be  a  dissentient  voko.-'llae. 
Goderieh  could  not  forbear  from  axprtMing 
the  fselings  which  he  experienead  on  tha 
occasion  of  their  meeting  that  day.  Ha 
kaew  that  hb  Ma|esty  bad  been  actuated 
throughout  his  life  by  an  anxious  xeal  for 
the  interests  of  hb  country.— The  Addftae 
was  then  unanimously  agreed  to. 


In  the  Housi  or  Commons,  the 
day.  Sir  R.  Peel  presented  a  meseaga  from 
hb  Msjesty,  similar  to  the  one  brought  be- 
fore the  House  of  Lords.  The  R%ht  Hon. 
Secretary  said  that  he  wished  to  postpone 
the  discussion  for  the  present ;  but  he  folc 
assured  that  he  should  not  act  in  unison  with 
the  prevailing  and  general  feeling  of  tho 
House,  if  he  postponed  proposing  an  Addraea 
to  his  Msjesty,  in  reply  to  hb  craciouaMef 
sage,  condoliflig  with  him  on  toe  loes  whldi 
hb  Majesty  and  the  country  have  sustsinsd 
by  the  demiee  of  their  lale  much-laaented 


63S  Proceedings  im  Parliameni.^' Foreign  Nttci,  '   [roi,  c. 

Sovereign ;  at  tb«  Mune  time  coogntolttiiig  in  aatwtr  to  hU  Majesty*!  MeeMgb.  He 
his  Mijetty  od  his  Mceodiog  the  tbro*e  of  said  that  it  wm  not  fron  any  (fietnai  in  the 
hit  ancestors.    After  a  warm  and  just  ealo-     present  Parliamtnt  that  Miaieten  did  not 


gium  on  the  character  of  his  late  Majesty)  now  lay  before  it  tlie  i/raagementa  of  the 
e  concluded  by  moving  an  Addresa  similar  Civil  List  for  the  new  leign,  but  solely  upon 
to  that  proposed  by  the  Premier  in  the  the  tfrnuad  that  there  was  not  time  eaougli 
House  of  Lurds,  wnich  waa  uuaaimously  for  the  ade<|uate  oonsideration  of  those  mat- 
agreed  to.  ters,  consistently  with  the  impaitanee   ol 

^  them,  and  the  cUims  of   other  auljecta. 

House  op  Lobds,  June  30.  With  regard  to  some  lemaika  made  upoe 

The  order  of  the  day  having  been  read,  for  certain  omissions  in  hie  Majesty's  Messaga, 

taking  into  consideration  his  Majesty's  most  he  begged  to  observe,  that  the  cpieetion  of  a 

gracious  Message,  the  Duke  of  fVeUingtoH  Regency  waa  one  of  a  most  delicate  and  im- 

observed,  that  they  were  now  arrived  at  that  portent  nature,    whieh   would   reqiMPe  the 

season  of  the  year  when  the  session  usually  most  serious  conaiderataon  :  andy  alter  all 

drew  to  a  close ;  but  that  so  much  busineaa  the  attention  which  he  had  been  able  to  be«- 

remained  to  be  done,  in  addition  to  that  stow  upon  it,  he  thought  it  would  be  better 

which  his  Majesty  had  been  advised  to  re"  to  leave  the  matter  to  be  discuseed  bgp  an- 

commend,  that  it  was  thought  better  to  cloet  other  Parliament,    The  Right  Honourable 

the  present  sitting,  there  being  no  hope  that  Gentleman  then  condoded  ^  proposing  an 

the  business  could  be  brought  to  a  termina-  Address  similar  to  the  one  moved  in  the 

tion  in  a  short  space  of  time.    It  was  pro-  House  of  Lords. — Lord  AUkorp  moved,  ae 

posed,  therefore,  at  present,  to  take  an  ac-  an  amendment,  that  the  further  discussion 

count  of  the  estimates  laid  before  Parliamenty  on  the  question  be  adjourned  to  the  ibllow- 

and  ask  for  such  sums  as  might  be  consi-  ing  day.    This  amendment  wae  aopported  by 

dered  necessary  to  carry  on  the  public  sendee^  Mr.  Brougham  and  Sir  C,  ffHhereiL     After 

until  a  new  Parliament  could  be  called  toge-  a  prolonged   discussion,  in  the  oourae  ef 

tber.      His  Grace  concluded  by  moving —  which  Mr.  ^f^'^nn,  the  Afor^uett^CAan- 

*'  That  a  humble  Address  be  presented  to  dot,  Mr.  Gordm,  Lord  Jititon,  Mr.  Hus- 

his  Majesty,  expressing  the  deep  sense  which  kiuon,  Mr.  Brighlf   Mr.    Lamafdf  Jbtrd 

this  House  entertains  of  his  Majesty's  good-  John  RusteU^  Lord  Pahm&rtkmt  Mr.  LidieK^, 

ness  in  recommending  to  the  attention  of  and  CoU  Sibihorp  supported  the  amendment  |r 

Parliament,  at  this  advanced  period  of  the  and  the  Chancer  ff  the  ExeAftfMtr,  Sir 

session,  that  no  new  matter,  which,  by  its  Robert  Peel,  and  Col.  Lcndasy  spokt  is  fcvour 

postponement,  would  tend  to  the  detriment  of  the  original  motion,  the  Hoasi  divided, 

of  the  public  service,  should  be  brought  for-  when  there  appaarad^-For  Lord  AUhuij^e 

ward;  and  that  this  House  begs  to  assure  Amendmantf  1^;  against  it,  186. 
his  Majesty,  that  they  will  make  such  tern-         Lard  AWmrp  pMmoeed  another  Amead- 

porary  provision  as  may  be  requisite  for  the  meat,  to  the  effscC  that  \ub  Mijasty  shovid 

public  service  in  the  interval  whkh  may  take  into   ooasideration    the  proprieigr    off 

elapse  between  the  close  of  the  present  and  providing  afpuast  the  daager  to  whieh  thtf 

the   asserabling    of   another    Parliament."  realm  might  be  exposed  troas  tha  demise 

— Earl  Grey  wished  for  more  time  for  the  of  the  Crovrn.     Mr.  Brougham  nsade  some 

House  to  consider  in  what  manner  they  veiy  acrimoaioua  and  onealled-ftir  ofasarva- 

should  address  the  throne.     He  therefore  tions*  ia  alhision  to  tha  mietsluial  mem« 

begged  to  propose,  as  an  amendment,  that  hara  of  the  House,  whom  he  denominated 

the  debate  should  be  adjourned  till  the  ful-  tha  "  mean,  fowninff  parasitea"  of  tlie  Duhe- 

lowing  day.     This  save  rise  to  a  discussion  of  Wellington  i   when  Sir  R.  Petl  rose  te* 

of  considerable  lenfftn,  in  which  the  question  order,  and  the  learned  gentiemany  in  eoma 

of  appointing  a  Regency,  in  case  of  the  maaauie,  recanted  his  expressions^  by  stating 

King's  demise,  was  introduced.    On  a  divi-  that  they  were  not  intended  to  ba  personal, 

sion,  there  appeared  for  the  amendment—  On  a  division  taking  place,  theta  appeared 

contents,  56;  non-contents,  100;  majority  for  the  Amendment,  146:  against  it  93^. 
in  favour  uf  the  original  motion,  44.  A  resolution  was  moved  and  carried  by 

■  tha  Chancellor  qfUu  Exchequer  for  radadag 

In  the  House  of  Commons  Sir  R.  Peel  tha  duty  on  sugar  to  the  extent  of  8j.  per 

moved    the  order  of    the  day   for  takmg  hundred  weight, 
into  consideration  the  Address  of  the  House 


FOREIGN    NEWS. 

AfnvTiQ.  ^*^^  ^'  Algerines,  to  80,000.    The  aoemy' 

AiAj  uLtKi,  ^^  ^^^  y^^^  ^  jj.^  ^j^   ^  SttWBeli,  but 

The  advance  of  the  French  army  on  Al-  the  French  were  so  posted  that  a  large  por- 
giers  has  been  impeded  by  a  formidable  at-  tion  of  their  fbrce  was  daeestarily  employed 
tack  of  vast  hordes  of  Arabs,  amounting,      ia  defimduig  the  landlog  of  the  materid  of 


FAET   I J 

th$  arwy.  TUy  mm  tbvt  oUagMi  lo  tiaiii 
iba  appoaiog  CvrM  W  86,M0  bmd.  Hm 
conflict  WM  MWinioMy,  aad  ii  it  cvidMl 
thu  tke  Fifpctt  Mi«Kf4  •  heavy  Iom. 
Tbt  pUa  4tf  Um  AlgtriiMt  fpmn  tm  hmn 
Um  highly  jidicioiw.  The  Mie  body  Ml 
wilh  icDpetttotUy  oo  the  Fvradi  Knee*  while 
other  fbrcee  Muiim  the  aoeft  vigorooe  effbrle 
lo  cet  off  the  Baeio  body  from  the  iiviiUMi 
left  at  Sidi  Femch.  On  the  90th  the 
French  oontinued  in  pnrtnit  t  epd  the  ermy, 
divided  into  three  eolumst*  w»  oMrchMi^ 
towdp  the  ci^. 

BRAZILS. 

Brezilieo  pepere  to  the  5th  of  Mny  coo* 
ten)  to  tccouDt  of  the  opeoiog  of  the  Lrgie- 
lelivc  Seeiioo*  on  the  dd  of  tlint  months 
when  Poo  Pedro  nddretaed  the  eMembly. 
The  £aiperor  began  by  eooouoeiDg  hie  mnr- 
ri«ge»  aiM  next  adverted  to  the  return  of  hie 
lUughter,  the  Queen  of  Portugal »  whoee 
cante  he  declares  himself  bound  to  defend, 
but  at  the  Mine  time  he  observes  that  he 
will  reiLain  fiuthful  to  his  promise  not  to 
endanger  the  peace  of  BraxiL  A  determina- 
tion is  expressed  to  pot  an  end  to  the  trafie 


Fitrdgm  N€m$.^^i}omniie  OccMtrenen, 


tfS9 


in  hoaMo  heiage,  fee  whieh  Bnarfl  hne  too 
long  aflhrded  a  ready  mariet. 

SICILY. 
Letters  from  Swily  give  the  moei  dedlor- 
ablt  details  of  an  eruiMion  of  Moanl  Bkaay 
oa  the  Itfth  Mny.  This  terrible  eaplosiM, 
whIeh  opened  sis  new  cralers  of  the  vol- 
oaaof  has  destroyed  eight  ei]|agee>  sHuaH 
near  the  mnnnCab,  and  whkii  ha^  never 
been  reached  by  the  lava  or  the  Are  from 
the  volcano  before  that  day.  All  the  laha- 
bitanis  have  disappeared  under  heape  of  eal- 
eiaed  stoaes  and  cinders,  which  these  aeir 

rings  ci  Etna  threw  to  a  distance  over 
coaatry.  The  destruction  of  thesa 
villages  end  the  neighbooriog  hamlets  In- 
cludes a  great  narober  of  victims,  both  men 
aad  eatue.  Oa  the  t4th  of  May,  the 
houses  were  still  smoking,  and  this  noferttt- 
Date  country  wae  inaccessible  from  the  heat 
of  the  cinders,  the  etones,  and  the  lava^ 
whieh   covered  it.     It  was  not  notH  ^ 


eighth  day  after  the  disaster,  that  persons 
could  approach  with  the  intention  of  taking 
succour  to  the  sufferers.  But  search  wae 
in  vain*  Never  was  there  a  calamity  more 
terrible,  mcwe  aoforeseea,  or  more  general. 


DOMESTIC    OCCURRENCES. 


INTELLIGENCE  FROM  VARIOUS 
PARTS  OF  THE  COUNTRY. 

Great  (ears  are  eatertaiaed  that  there  wiH 
be  a  want  of  Hood  in  JreUni^  as  there  is  aa 
almost  total  fisilore  of  the  potato  crop,  and 
the  poor  in  various  parts  ot  the  country  are 
reduced  to  extreme  misery.  Polatoes  lately 
ruse  in  the  countv  marhsts  to  an  aJarmiog 
price,  and  from  tne  difficulty  of  proearing 
tbem  at  any  price,  a  sort  at  panic  began 
to  diifuee  itself  amongst  the  poor  people. 
Some  noblemen  and  gentlemen  havCf  wilh 
wise  liberality,  endeavoured  to  avert  these 
evils.  The  Earl  of  KaniMre,  although  aa 
absentee,  constantly  employs  four  huodfad 
persons  on  his  estates,  and  his  agent* 
by  his  directions,  seods  into  Killaraey 
■sarket  every  day  a  certain  Quantity  of  pota- 
toes, to  be  disposed  of  at  half  the  current 
price.    In  some  of  the  provinces,  the  people, 

Soaded  by  want,  have  broken  out  into  riot. 
Lt  Limerick,  the  mob,   io   two  divisions, 
forced  seversl  stores,  and  took  away  provi- 
sions.   The  magistrates  and  soldiery  forbore 
with  eaemplaiy  patience,  till  at  length  they 
were  compelled  to  give  the  word  to  fire,  and 
five  persons  anfortunately  became  the  victimt, 
A  meeting  has  been  held  of  the  harbour 
coromissioDcrs  of  Cork,  at  which  it  was  de- 
aided  (o  establish  telegraphs  and  a  code  of 
signals  fur  the  harlwur.     The  plan  adopted 
by  the  commissiooers  will  gonvey  tnfivma* 
tjioa  thir^  miles  in  the  space  of  fivf  mi* 
uutes  t  so  that  u  soon  aa  a  oooiewaid  bound 
or  other  vessel  appears  in  view|  leagues 
off  tlie  liarbour,  it  will  almost  in  a  meaacnt 
be  known  in  the  city.    The  signak  are  to 


be  erected  under  the  soperintendaace  of  the 
harbour  master.  The  expense  will  amount 
to  about  1 60i.jMr  annum. 

May  19.  The  inhaUtaato  of  Swaffham 
presented  to  their  Vicar,  the  Rev.  Wm. 
Vonge,  M.A.  Chancellor  of  the  Diooeae  of 
Norwich,  a  silver  waiter  (weighiag  106 
ounces)  as  a  grauful  acknowledcmeat  of  hie 
services  during  a  resideaoe  of  fifty  years. 

Jane  96.  The  splendid  tower  of  thai 
noble  rub,  fThiiby  Ahtty,  eo.  Yoii,  foU  tw 
the  ground.  It  wae  104  foot  hi  hei|^t,  and 
from  its  elevated  site,  had  long  been  a  asajfhl 
sea  mark,  as  well  as  a  distii^aished  ama- 
ment  to  the  surrounding  aeighboorhoo^* 
Although  ihb  event,  firom  the  &oayed  stata 
of  the  pilUrs,  had  been  long  aatMpalad* 
yet  it  has  excited  among  the  inhabitaats  a 
deep  feelbg  of  regret,  in  which  all  tha 
lovers  of  bold  and  picturesque  scenery  will 
participate.  The  psrt  west  of  the  l^wer^ 
containing  above  twenty  arches,  were  thrown 
down  by  a  storm  in  178S  \  see  our  voL 
Lzzziii,  ii.  698,  where  is  a  view  of  the  East 
end. 

June  98.  The  oeremooy  of  layiar  tha 
first  stone  of  the  grand  subscHptioiiniblie 
Rooms  at  Shdi  took  plaoe.  Tiib  splemlid 
pile  of  building  (as  the  inscription  deposited 
with  the  foundation  stone  describes  it,)  ia 
*'  intended  to  promote  and  encourage  tha 
Delivery  of  Lectures  on  Science  and  Lita* 
rature,  ae  well  as  for  the  convenient  hohSai^ 
of  Assemblies  and  ocoesional  Public  Meatr 
iocs.**  According  to  the  plan  the  bidldiog 
is  in  tlte  Grecian  Ionic  style  of  architectuie, 
aad  is  to  be  coostnictad  entirely  of  brick, 


640        Domestic  Occurrences* — Promotions  and  Preferments.       [vol  c. 


with  the  exception  of  a  portion  of  the  ex- 
ternal decorative  parts.      The   west  front 
forms  the  main  entrance  to  the  edifice.  The 
extent  of  the  entrance  front  is  79  feet,  of 
the  southern  front  149  feet.    The  principal 
door  contains  the  room  to  be  appropriated 
as  a  room  for  public  meetings,  for  concerts, 
&c.  which,   from  iU  height,  also  extends 
through  the  floor  above.     Its  dimensions  are 
91  feet  6  inches,  by  41  feet{   its  height  40 
£eet.  The  entrance  vestibule  to  the  great  room 
is  41  feet  by  16^,  and  there  is  a  ladies'  room 
attached,  of  18   feet  by  23.     The  dining- 
room  on  the  same  floor  is  48  feet  by  34 ; 
of  the   drawing-room,   also  on    the   same 
floor,   the  dimensions   are  40  feet  by  24. 
The  main  staircase  is  24  feet  by  15.     The 
third  story  contains  the  lecture-room,  which 
is  41  feet  by  45,  adjoining  to  which  is  the 
lecturer's  room,  and  a  large  closet  for  ap- 
paratus, &c.     The  Museum  is  situated  on 
this  floor,  extending  nearly  the  length  of 
the  building.     It  is  lighted  from  the  roof, 
and  its  dimensions  are  121   feet  9,  by  24 
feet. 

The  Calthorpe  estate   in  Yorkshire  was 
sold  in  May  to  Lord  Macdonald  by  Mr. 


Qeorge  Robins.  The  clear  rental  was  1 ,020/. 
a  year,  and  the  purchase  money  86,500/. 
The  beautiful  esute  at  Shipiake,  near 
Reading,  was  purchased  by  O.  H.  Cherry, 
Esq.  of  Denfonl- house,  Berks,  for  81,850/. 
The  college  laud  sold  for  11,800/.  and  the 
freehold  for  10>050/. — June  4.  The  Kemp- 
shoU  Park  estate,  near  Basingstoke,  pro- 
duced under  Mr.  Robins't  hammer  28,600 
guineas. 

It  appears,  by  a  retnm  Just  made,  that 
the  total  number  of  curates  in  England  and 
Wales,  is  4,254.  Of  these,  679  receive 
stipends  under  50/.  a  year ;  892  have  less 
than  60/.;  889  are  under  70/.;  415  under 
80/.;  458  under  90/.;  156  underalOO/. ; 
500  under  110/.;  and  the  payments  of  the 
remainder  vary  between  that  sum  and  840/. 
The  livings  where  incumbents  are  non-resi- 
dent,  are  in  value  as  follows :— 1,838  worth 
800/.  per  annum  and  upwards;  8,496  imder 
that  sum. 

A  complete  line  of  eommonication  It  now 
opened  between  Liverpool  and  Newton,  along 
the  railway.  The  whole  railwar,  when  com- 
pleted, will  be  one  of  the  noblest  and  moft 
useful  works  in  the  kingdom. 


PROMOTIONS    AND    PREFERMENTS. 


Gazette  Promotions. 

June  16.  Joseph  Laing,  of  Hatherleigh, 
Devon,  esq.  to  take  the  surname  and  quar- 
ter the  arms  of  Oldham. 

June  25.  Sd  Foot— Major  Gerald  Roch- 
fort  to  be  Major. — 14th  Foot,  Major  Mau- 
rice Barlow  to  be  Major.— 44th  Foot,  Ma- 
jor Thos.  Mackrell  to  be  Lieut. -Col.— Royal 
Staff  Corps,  to  be  Majors,  without  purchase 
— Capt.  Thos.  Wright;  Capt.  W.  J.  King ; 
Brevet  Lieut.-Col.  J.  Freetb. 

June  28.  W.  Pere  Williams  Freeman, 
esq.  Adm.  of  the  Red,  to  be  Adm.  of  the 
Fleet;  Sir  Rich.  Hussey  Bickerton,  Bart. 
K.C.B.  Adm.  of  the  Red,  to  be  Gen.  of  the 
Royal  Marine  Forces ;  and  Sir  W.  Sidney 
Smith,  K.C.B.  Adm.  of  the  Blue,  to  lie 
Lieut.-Gen.  of  the  Royal  Marine  Forces. 

June  29.  14th  Light  Dragoons,  Major- 
Gen.  Sir  £.  Kerrison,  Bart,  to  be  Col.— 
16th  Lieht  Dragoons,  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  J. 
Ormsby  Vandeleur,  K.C.B.  from  the  14th 
Light  Dragoons,  to  be  Col. — 7th  Foot, 
Capt.  Fred.  Farquharson  to  be  Major.— 4Sd 
Foot,  Major  H.  Booth  to  be  Lieut.-Col. — 
Capt.  Geo.  Johnston  to  be  Major.— Unat- 
tached, Major  Edw.  Wells  Bell,  from  7th 
Foot,  to  be  Lieut.-Col.  of  Inf.  ~Staff,Lieut.- 
Col.  Lord  Cha.  Fitzroy,  to  be  Deputy  Adj. 
Gen.  to  the  Troops  in  the  Mediterranean. — 
Garrisons,  Gen.  Rowland  Lord  Hill,  G.C.B. 
to  be  Governor  of  Plymouth. — Gen.  Wm. 
Earl  Cathcart,  K.T.  to  be  Governor  of 
Hull. 


Ecclesiastical  Frbpermsiits. 

Rev.  Dr.  Bethell  to  be  Bp.  of  Exeter. 

Rev.  Dr.  G.  Cook,  Dean  of  the  Chapel  Royaly 
Scotland,  and  of  the  Order  of  the  Thistle. 

Rev.  F.  Lear,  Preb.  hi  Salisbury  Cath. 

Rcv.E.  G.  A.  Beekwith,  Rev.  H.  Bntterfield, 
and  Rer.  R.  J.  Waters,  to  be  Minor  Otr 
Bons  of  St.  Paul's  Cathedral. 

Rev.  F.  T.  Attwood,  Botterleigh  R.  Deron. 

Rev.  C.  Bathurst,  Soatham  R.  co.  Warwick. 

Rev.  S.  R.  Ckrtwright,  Ajnho  R.  co.  North- 
ampton. 

Rev.  Ld.  T.  Hay,  Rendlesham  R.  SdMk. 

Rev.  J.  Hodge,  CoUumpton  V.  Devon. 

Rev.  D.  Jones,  Llandewi  V.  and  Crioow  R. 
Pembrokeshire. 

Rev.  L.  Larking,  Ryarsh  V.  KtmU 

Rev.  W.  H.  Macalpine,  Kiitoo  P.  C.  Line. 

Rev.  B.  Maddocks,  Tadcatter  V.  co.  York. 

Rev.  C.  Mathew,  St.  Mwrf*  R.  Maidon, 
CO.  Essex. 

Rev.  G.  Robinson,  ToclAoles  P.O.  co.  York. 

Rev.  J.  Shaw,  ConiogtonR.  co.  Cambridra. 

Rev.  W.  yV,  Tatam,  St.  Martin's  R,  Sa« 

lisbury. 
Rev.  J.  Tomer,  Horton  R.  co.  Gloucester. 
Rev.    P.  ThrelkeM,    Milbome  P.  C.  oo. 

WestmorelsBd.  _    .         - 

Rev.  S.  Waberfbfce,  Brixton  R.  Isle  of 

Wight. 
Rev.  O.  Wylie,  Wsrton  P.  C.  co.  York. 
Rev.  Dr.  J.  Lee  and  Rer.  Dr.  T.  ChatiMn 

to  be  Cbaplaius  in  Ord'mary  to  the  King, 
Rev.  Dr.Diuuns,  Chaplun  to  Duke  of  Chu- 

bridge. 


PART  I.] 


t    641     ] 

BIRTHS. 


At  Sydney,  N.  S.  WaIm,  the  ledy  of 
Cept.  Sir  W.  £dw.  Perry,  ILN.  e  twin  ton 
end  den, 

Jan.  14.  At  Pevell,  Bomber,  the  eeet 
of  the  Ooveroor,  the  Udy  of  Sir  C.  Mel- 
cohn,  SaperiDtendtnt  of  the  fionbey  Me* 
rine,  e  son. 

Jyne  14.  The  wife  of  the  Rer.  E.  B. 
Potey,  Regiat  Profeteor  of  Hebrew  in  Ox- 
f9rd  Uaivenity,  e  too.  98.  The  wife  of 
the  Rev.  £.  Cerdwell,  Cemden't  Profeseor 


of  Ancient  Hittory  in  the  Univenity  of 
Oxford,  of  twins,  one  •till-bom*  In 
Mortimer- street,  Gevendith-tqnere,  the  wife 

of  Oil.  Hugh   BeiIHe,  •  eon. 94.    At 

Koeller-hell,  Whitton,  the  wife  of  Chee. 
Celvert,  esq.  M.P.  e  eon.  In  Greet  Rotr 
•ell<-street,  the  wife  of  Mr.  Serjcent  Jonee,  a 

•on. 95.  At  Peckhem,  the  wife  of  Cept. 

Edw.  Kiogsley,  58th  reg.  e  deu.  98.  In 
Tiloey-ttreet,  the  wife  of  the  Hon.  £.  S. 
Jerninghem,  e  ton. 


MARRIAGES. 


May  17.  At  Florence,  the  Hon.  F. 
J.  Stepleton,  youngest  son  of  the  Right 
Hon.  Lord  Le  Despencer,  to  Margaret, 
eldeA  dau.  of  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  Geo.  Airey, 
K.G.H. 

June  16.  At  Hitchin,  the  Rev.  James 
Rowland,  of  Baldock,  to  Miss  Langford, 
only  dau.  of  W.  Langford,  esq.  of  Hitchin, 
Herts.— At  Wargrave,  Berks,  Joseph 
Laing,  esq.  of  Heiherleigh,  Devon,  to 
Frances  £liz.   only  dau.  of  the  late  Rev. 

P.  Trent  Nind,  vicar  of  Wargrave. 17. 

At  Mortlake,  W.  Gilpin,  esq.  of  East  Sheen, 
to  Helen,  youngest  dao.  of  John  Turner, 
esq.  At  Eardisland,  Herefordshire,  the 
Rev.  W.  Edt^.  yonngeet  son  of  John  Evans, 
esq.  of  Uwynygroes,  Selop,  to  Elixabeth, 
dan.  of  the  late  W.  Evane,  eso.  of  Berton 

Court. At    Lynn,   W.   Eedson  Lamb, 

ceq.  BA.  of  Ripoo,  Yorkshire,  to  Emily, 
only  surviving  child  of  the  Iste  Lieut.  James 
Dillon,  R.N.  At  Toog,  John  Swaon, 
esq.  to  Cath.  Eliz.  second  dau.  of  the  late 
Col.  Williamson  Tomlioscn,  of  1 8th  Foot. — 
18.  At  York,  Capt.  Geo.  Edw.  Watu,  R.N. 
of  Laogtoo  Grange,  Durliam,  to  El  is.  se- 
cond dau.  of  J.  R^Mnson  Foulb,  esq.  of 
Buckton  and  Heslerton.— — 19.  At  Aber* 
ford,  CO.  York,  H.  Lewis  Wickham,  esq.  to 
Lucy,  youngest  dan.  of  the  late  Wm.  Mar- 
shall, esq.  of  Becca  Hall. i\.  At  St. 

Marv  Redcliff,  Peter  Count  Herman,  of 
Haobeit,  Germany,  to  Miss  Charlotte  La^ 
trobe,  dao.  of  the  Rev.  C.  i.  Latrobe,  Mora- 
vian Chauel,  Loadoo.— — 99.  At  St.  Mary* 
lebone  Church,  Capt.  W.  M.  Gosset,  Roval 
Ei^neert,  to  Louisa,  dau.  of  the  late  W. 
Walter,  esq.  of  Devonshire- place.  At 

St.  Mary's,  Bryanstone  •  square,  A.  W. 
Wyndham,  esq.  Capt.  in  the  Scotch  Greys, 
to  Emma,  third  dan.  of  Sir  John  Trevelyan, 
of  Nettlecombe,  Somerseubire,  Bart. 
At  Cornbory,  the  Richt  Hon.  Lord  Clon- 
brock,  to  the  Hon.  Girulioe  Elic  Spencer, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  Rt.  Hon.  Lord  Churchill. 

At  Arlington,  H.  A.  Salbrem  WilleU, 

esq.  of  Tapcley- house,  Devon,  to  Margaret 
Caroline,  dau.  of  the  late  Col.  Chichester, 
of  Arlington-court,  and  grand-dau.  of  the 
late  James  Hamilton,  of  mngoor,  Mid  Lo- 
thian.—At  Portsmouth,  Capt.  Orlando 
Gunning,  KJS,  fourth  son  of  the  late  Sir 

Gent.  Mao.  Suf^  Vol.  C.  Part  I. 


George  Gunning,  Bart,  of  Norton,  near 
Northampton,  to  Mary  Dora,  fourth  daugh- 
ter of  Commissioner  oir  Michael  Seymour, 

Bart. 93.    Sir   H.   Durrant,  Bart,  of 

Scottow  Hall,  Norfolk,  to  Agnes,  youngest 
dau.  of  Robert  Marsham,  esq.  of  Stratton 

Strawless,  in  Norfolk 94.  At  Worth, 

Sussex,  J.  Maoship  Norman,  esq.  Barrister- 
at-law,  to  Cath.  Eliza,  eldest  dau.  of  the 

Rev.  Dr.  BeUione. At  St.  Marylebooe 

Church,  Edw.  Wilson,  esq.  eldest  so«  of 
Christ.  Wilson,  esq.  of  Regmaden  Pkrk,  oo. 
Westmoreland,  to  Anne  Clementina,  only 
dao.  of  Lieut.-Gen.  Sir  Thoe.  Sidney  Beck- 
witb,  K.C.B.— — S.  A.  Seveme,  esq.  Royal 
Artil.  to  Jean,  only  dan.  of  the  late  Rich. 
Dixon,  esq.  of  Upper  Harley-street^  At 
St.  Mary's,  Lambeth,  the  Rev.  J.  G.  Dow- 
ling,  Master  of  Crypt  Grammar  Sohooi, 
Gloucester,    to  Marvy   second  dau.  of  C. 

Field,    eso. At    Boldre,    Capt.   L.  C. 

Rooke,  R.N.  youngest  son  of  the  late  Hon. 
Mr.  Justice  Rooke,  to  Elizabeth,  yonngeet 
dau.  of  the  late  Lieut.-Col.  Wm.  Home,  of 

the  Isle  of  Wight. At  Great  Milton, 

C.  A.  Sheppard,  eso.  41st  reg.  to  Elizabeth 
Anne,  dau.  of  the  Rev.  Thomas  Ellis. 
96.  John  Basset,  esq.  to  Miss  Price,  ekiest 

dan.  of  Sir  Rose  Price,  Bart. 97.  At 

Steeple  Ashtooy  Thoe.  Kington,  eeq.  of 
Charlton  House,  SomereeC,  to  Marj^unt, 
second  dau.  of  the  lau  L.  Oliphant,  esq. 

Gask,Pcrtbshire. 98.  At  Ripon,  the  Rev. 

J.  E.  Compsnn,  Vicar  of  St.  Chad's,  Shrews- 
bury, to  Eleanor  Agnes,  third  dau.  of  the 
late  Rev.  Wm.  Ho£es,  Vicar  of  Battersen. 

99.  At  York,  Rob.  Parker  Boyd,  esa. 

to  Sarah  Anne  Elizabeth  Bacon,  foortn 
dau.  of  the  late  Major  Baeon,  60di  feg.  - 
At  Stroud,  the  Rev.  Walter  Powell,  of 
Brompton,  to  Matilda  Poria,  9d  dan.  of 
Capt.  David  Jones,  of  BrbtoL  At  Pot- 
ume,  Wilu,  Sir  J.Wither  Awdry,  to  Sarah 
Maria,  eldest  dan.  of  the  Rev.  Jer.  Awdry» 
Vicar  of  Fekted,  Essex.  80.  K%  St. 
George's,  Hanover- square,  H.  Tofeell,  ceq. 
to  Anne  Augusta  Wilmot  Horton,  dao.  of 
the  Right  Hon.  R.  W.  Hortoiu 

LaUly,  Lient.-Col.  Jarvis,  of  Doddiag- 
ton  Hall,  oo.  Lincoln,  to  Franees,  dmi.  of 
the  late  John  Sturgtt,  D.D.  Plreb.  of  Win- 
cheater  Catbcdrml. 


[    643    3 


[vol.  c. 


OBITUARY. 


Viscount  Kilwakdcn. 

May  S8.  la  Dublin,  aged  60,  the 
Right  Hun.  John  Wolfe,  second  Vit- 
count  Kilwarden,  of  Kilwarden,  co.  Kil- 
dare ;  Lord  Kilwarden, Baron  of  Kilteel* 
CO.  Kildare }  and  Baron  Kilwarden  of 
Newlands,  co.  DubliOt  Registrar  of 
Deeds  in  the  Court  of  Admiralty  in 
Ireland. 

His  Lordship  was  born  Noy.  11,  1769, 
the  elder  son  of  Arthur  the  first  Viscount, 
Lord  Chief  Justice  of  Ireland,  by  Anne, 
daughter  of  William  Buiton,  of  Ardee, 
Esq.,  who  was  created  Baroness  Kil- 
wardenuf  KUteel,  in  1795  (three  years 
before  the  Judge  was  himself  raised  to 
the  peerage).  On  the  assassination  of 
his  father  by  a  body  of  insurgents  in 
Dublin,  July  93,  1803,  the  Viscounty 
and  Barony  of  1798  dcToWed  upon  the 
•nbject  of  this  notice,  as  did  the  Barony 
conferred  on  his  mother,  by  her  Lady* 
■hip's  death,  July  SO,  1804. 

Lord  Kilwarden  enjoyed,  besides  the 
yaluable  office  of  Re^trar  of  Deeds,  a 
pension  of  800/.  per  annum,  granted  by 
recommendation  of  Parliament  oo  the 
untimely  death  of  his  regretted  father, 
viz.  1,800/.  per  ann.  to  the  widowed 
Viscountess  for  her  life,  with  the  re* 
mainder  of  800/.  to  her  only  son,  John, 
Viscount  Kilwarden»  and  900/.  per  ano. 
each  to  her  daughters  the  Hon.  Ma- 
rianne, and  the  Hon.  Eliiaheth  Wolfe, 
with  beneBt  of  sunriTorsbip.  Tbe  daugh- 
ters are  both  deceased ;  the  former, 
ikavini;  married  Hardwick  Shute,  M.D. 
died  In  1814 ;  tbe  latter  in  1806. 

His  liordsbip  was  never  married,  and 
consequently  the  titles  are  become  ea* 
tinct.  This  is  tbe  thirty-seventh  Peerage 
of  Ireland  that  has  failed  for  want  of 
male  heirs  since  the  Union  in  January, 
1801.  One  of  those  Peerages  (the  Vis- 
eounty  of  Netterville),  has  been  since 
claimed ;  but  as  it  lay  unclaimed  for  a 
year,  tbe  Crown  baa  a  right  to  consider 
it  as  an  extinction  iu  tbe  interim.  There 
are  thus  seven  peerage!  eitlnct  and 
unacted  upon  by  the  Crown  since  tbe 
last  new  creation.— Tbe  male  heir  of  the 
Barry  more  family  has  claimed  tbe  Vis* 
eounty  of  Buttevant  before  the  Lords, 
and  the  late  Earl's  sister  has  assumed 
the  title  of  Baroness  de  Barry,  without 
reference  to  the  Lords. 


Lord  Waterpark. 
Jmicl.  in  Great  Cumberland-street, 
after  a  few  hours'  illness,  in  bis  6&tb 


year,  the  Right  Hon.  Richard  Cavendiab^ 
Baron  Waterpark,  of  Waterpark,  oo. 
Cork  ;  a  Baronet  of  England ;  F.SJk. 

His  Lordship  was  born  July  13, 1765, 
the  eldest  son  of  the  Right  Hon.  Sir 
Henry  Cavendish,  the  second  Baronet 
(of  Doveridge  Hail,  in  Derbyshire),  do* 
puty  Vice-Treasurer  of  Ireland,  by  Sa- 
rah, only  child  and  heiress  of  RichanI 
Bradshaw,  Esq.,  which  lady  was  created 
Baroness  Waterpark  in  1799.  He  suo 
ceeded  his  father  in  the  Baronetcy,  Aofp. 
3,  1804,  and  his  mother  in  tbe  Peerage 
Aug.  4,  1807*  He  married  Aug.  6, 
1789,  Juliana,  eldest  daughter  and  co- 
heiress of  Thomas  Cooper,  Esq.  of 
Cooper's  Hill  and  MuUimast  Castle, 
CO.  Kildare,  by  whom  he  had  seven  sona 
and  five  daughters,  I.  the  Right  Hon. 
Henry-Manners  now  Lord  Waterpark* 
born  in  li93»  Lieut. •Colonel  of  the 
King's  Stafford  militia  i  9.  the  Hon. 
Richard  Cavendish,  Assistant  to  tbe 
Resident  at  Delhi,  in  Bengal;  3.  tbe 
Hoii.  George-John,  a  Commander  R.  N.| 
6.  the  Hon.  and  Rev.  Augustas  i  5.  tbe 
Hon.  Frederick,  Lieut,  in  the  iA  foot  i 
6.  tbe  Hon.  and  Rev.  Thomas ;  7*  tlM 
Hon.  Wiiliam-Barnardy  who  died  an 
Infant  I  8.  the  Hon.  Sarah-Geoigiana, 
married  in  1819  to  George-Richard 
Philips,  Esq.  M.  P.  for  Steyning,  only 
son  of  Sir  George  Philips,  Bart,  of  Wee* 
ton,  CO.  Warwick,  and  of  Sedglcy  in 
Lancashire,  M.  P.  for  Ilcbester ;  9*  tlie 
Hon.  Anne-Emma  \  10.  the  Hon.  Juli- 
ana, married  in  18 16  to  Frederick  Taylor, 
esq.  of  Chicknall  House,  Salop i  II.  the 
Hon.  Catherine;  and  19.  the  Hon.  Har- 
riet, who  died  an  infant. 

The  family  of  Cavendish  of  Doveridge 
Hall,  now  represented  by  Lord  Water- 
park,  has  been  generally  stated  in  tbe 
Peerages  and  Baronetages  as  a  junior 
branch  of  Cavendish  of  Chatsworth  and 
Hardwick,  from  which  descends  tbe 
ducal  house  of  Devonshire;  but  tlM 
real  origin  seems  to  be  (see  Sir  B. 
Brydges's  Biographical  Peerage)  from 
Henry  Cavendish,  of  Chatsworth,  elder 
brother  to  William,  first  Earl  of  Devon- 
shire, who  left  a  considerable  landed 
property  to  his  natural  son,  having  no 
issue  by  his  wife,  the  Lady  Grace  Tal- 
bot, third  daughter  of  George  sixth 
Earl  of  Shrewsbury. 

Rbar-Adm.  Sir  C  Brisbane. 
Dec,     At  St.  Vincent's,  Sir  Charley 
Brisbane,  K.CB.  Rear-Admiral  of  tbe 


PAIT  I.] 


Obituary. — Rear^Jdm.  Sir  C.  Brisbane* 


643 


Red,  GoTernor,  Conmander,  and  Viec- 
Admiral  of  that  Island. 

This  dittinfuiibed  naral  ofllcer  was 
tbe  fourth  but  Hd«tt  turvivinff  ion  of 
Admiral  Jubii  Britbane,  who  died  at 
Soutbampton,  Dec.  10,  1807*  He  en- 
tered tbe  navjf  about  1779»  on  board  tbe 
Alcide  of  74  funi,  under  tbe  auipiccf  of 
hit  fatber,  wbom  be  afierwarda  accom- 
panied into  tbe  Hercules,  anotber  third 
rate.  In  tbe  latter  ship  bis  father  left 
biro,  then  about  nine  years  of  age,  un* 
der  tbe  care  of  her  Firtt  Lieutenant,  the 
late  Vice-Admiral  Nowell ;  and,  tbe 
Hercules  forming  part  of  Sir  George  B. 
Rodney's  fleets  in  his  memorable  con- 
test with  Count  de  Grasse,  April  18, 
1788,  tbe  younf  hero  received  a  wery 
serious  wound,  which  kept  him  in  a 
crippled  state,  bent  almost  double,  for 
nine  months. 

Havinif  served  as  a  Midshipman   in 
various  ships,  Mr.  Charles  Brisbane  was 
promoted  to  the  rank  of  Lieutenant  in 
1790,  and  soon  after  appointed  to  the 
8piifire  fire-ship,  in  which  he  remained 
till  she  was  paid  ofT.     In  1793,  be  pro- 
ceeded to  tbe  Mediterranean,  with  Capt. 
(now  Sir  Charles)  Tyler,  in  the  Melea^r 
frifatet  and,  from  the  arrival  of  Lord 
Hood  at  Toulon,  to  the  period  of  its 
evacuation,    and  subsequently,    during 
the  whole  of  the  operations  ai;ainst  the 
French  in  Corsica,  he  waa  very  actively 
employed.     Haviiif^  attracted  tbe  notice 
of  Lord  Hood,  he  was  appointed  to  the 
command  of  Fort  Poroet,   one  of  tbe 
most  dangerous  outpusts  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood  of  Toulon,   about  five  miles 
from   the  city.    This  was  an  appoint- 
ment extremely  suitable  to  the  display 
of  bis  talents.     He  assisted  in  repulsing 
the  French  at   Fort  Mulgrave,  in  No- 
vember; and,  after  several  other  skir- 
mishes on  the  heights  of  Pharon,  he  re- 
mained at  Fort  Pomet,  till  it  was  found 
necessary  to  destroy  tbe  enemy's  ships, 
and  to  evacuate  the  town  and  harbour. 
He  was  then  ordered  to  make  the  best 
retreat  in  his  power  from  the  post  he 
commanded;  but,  although  the  repub- 
lican troops  were  pouring  down  in  con- 
siderable force,  and  were  within  a  very 
short  distance,  be  stopped  to  srt  fire  to' 
a  train,  which  communicated  with  five 
hundred   barrels  of   gunpowder.      The 
explosion  blew  the  fort  to  atoms  j  and, 
from  the  situation  of  himself  and   his 
mtn,  it  was    supposed,   at  a  distance, 
that  they  had  all  perished.    Amidst  his 
ardour,  however,  Lieut.  Brisbane's  fudg* 
ment  bad  not  forsaken  him.    Himself 
and  his  party  were  safet  and,  after  sur- 
BDoonting  many  difficulties  and  dangers, 
tbey  effected  their  retreat  without  lota. 
Early  in   1794,  Lieut.  Brisbane  pro- 


ceeded to  Corsica}  and,  with  100  men 
belonging  to  tbe  Britannia  under  bia 
command,  effected  a  landing  at  St.  Pio« 
renia  A  body  of  troops,  commanded 
by  Lieut.-Gen.  Dundas,  were  disem- 
barked about  the  same  time;  and  on 
the  night  of  the  17th  Feb.  tbe  belgbti 
of  Fornelli  were  vigorously  attacked, 
and  carried  by  assault. 

During  the  siege  of  Bastia,  wbieb  was 
soon  afterwards  commenced,  Lieut. 
Brisbane  had  the  honour  of  serving 
under  the  heroic  Nelson,  who  com* 
manded  a  brigade  of  seamen  on  shore, 
and  of  sharing  in  the  extensive  variety 
of  services  in  which  he  was  at  that  pe- 
riod engaged.  There  was  even  a  simi« 
larity  in  their  fate  ;  for,  having  been  en- 
trusted by  Nelson  with  tbe  command  of 
a  small  battery,  our  officer  was  danger- 
ously wounded  in  tbe  head  while  at  bit 
gun,  a  circumstance  which  reduced  him 
to  the  mortifying  necessity  of  being 
taken  on  board  the  Alcide,  one  of  th« 
ships  then  lying  off  the  town.  Several 
pieces  of  iron  were  extracted  from  the 
wound,  (which  bad  been  occasioned  by 
the  collision  of  one  of  the  enemy's  shot 
with  Lieut.  Brisbane's  gun)  and  a  cure 
waa  at  length  effected  ;  but  his  left  eye 
sustained  nearly  a  total  deprivation  of 
sight. 

in  June  following,  Lieut.  Brisbane* 
then  on  board  the  Britannia,  a  first  rate, 
bearing  the  flag  of  Vice-Adm.  Hotham, 
proposed  a  plan  for  destroying  a  French 
squadron  which  had  been  chased  into 
Guurjon  Bay,  and  was  there  protected 
by  several  strong  batteries.  His  scheme 
was  immediately  adopted  by  Lord  Hood« 
who  ordered  tbe  Tarleton  and  another 
vessel  to  be  fitted  as  fire  ships,  and  en- 
trusted him  with  the  command  of  the 
former ;  but,  on  approaching  the  tiay, 
our  officer  and  bis  companion,  Lieut. 
R.  W.  Miller,  found  the  enemy  so  well 
prepared,  and  so  strongly  posted,  that 
the  enterprise  was  abandoned  as  imprac- 
ticable. Lord  Hood,  however,  enter* 
tained  so  high  an  opinion  of  the  merit 
of  the  plan,  that  he  rewarded  ita  pro- 
jector by  advancing  him  to  the  rank  of 
Commander  in  the  same  vessel  to  which 
he  had  already  given  him  a  temporary 
appointment. 

Subsequently  to  tbe  action  with  tb« 
French  fleet,  on  the  14th  March,  1795, 
Capt.  Brisbane  was  removed  into  the 
Moselle  sloop  of  wart  and  on  the  ar^ 
rival  of  Sir  John  Jervis  in  the  Mediterw 
ranean,  in  the  ensuing  autumn,  be  rt* 
ceived  orders  to  proceed  to  Gibraltar  i 
from  whence  he  was  sent  by  Rear-Ads, 
Mann  to  convoy  two  sbipa  to  Barbadoet. 
On  bis  passKge  thither,  he  fell  in  with  a 
Dutch  squadron;  and  conceiving  it  to 


644 


Obituary.— Aeor-ifdm.  Sir  C.  Brisbane, 


[vol.  c. 


be  of  more  importance  to  watch  tbeir 
motiontt  than  to  proceed  on  his  original 
destination,  he  tent  the  transports  for- 
ward, and  followed  the  enemy,  actinff 
upon  hit  own  responsibility,  till  be  found 
that  they  were  i^ing  to  the  Cape  of 
Good  Hope.  He  then  crowded  sail,  and 
gave  the  requisite  information  to  Sir 
George  Keith  Elpbinstone,  the  Com- 
mander-in-Chief on  that  station. 

The  perseverance  of  Captain  Bris- 
bane, upon  this  occasion,  was  entitled 
to  much  praise.  From  leaving  Gibral- 
tar, till  bis  arrival  at  the  Cape,  five 
months  had  elapsed  ;  and  during  a  great 
part  of  that  time  he  and  bis  crew  were 
on  short  allowance  of  water  and  provi- 
sion. 

Our  officer  was  present  at  the  capture 
of  tbe  Dutch  ships  in  Saldanha  Bay, 
Aug.  18,  1796;  and,  for  bis  extraordi- 
nary  exertion  in  conveying  tbe  import- 
ant intelligence  of  tbeir  approach,  Sir 
Geo.  K.  Eiphinstone  was  pleased  to  ad- 
vance him  to  post  rank,  in  the  Dor- 
trecht,  of  66  guns,  one  of  tbe  prizes. 

Sir  John  Jervis  also  sent  biro  out  a 
Post  Captain's  commission  for  tbe  Ne- 
mesis, dated  July  SS,  1796,  from  which 
he  took  his  seniority  $  and  be  had  like- 
wise tbe  satisfaction  of  receiving  tbe 
thanks  of  tbe  Admiralty^  for  the  part 
which  he  bad  taken  in  the  capture. 
Captain  Aylmer,  of  tbe  Tremendous,  hav- 
ing been  sent  to  England  with  tbe  offi- 
cial account  of  this  fortunate  event, 
Rear-Admiral  Pringle  applied  for  Capt. 
Brisbane  to  succeed  him;  and  when 
that  officer  assumed  tbe  chief  command 
on  tbe  Cape  station,  he  removed  him 
into  rOiseau  frigate,  and  sent  him  to 
cruise  off  the  Rio  de  la  Plata.  Whilst 
thus  employed,  Captain  Brisbane  fell  in 
with  two  large  Spanish  frigates,  one  of 
them  bearing  a  Commodore's  broad 
pendant.  A  severe  engagement  en- 
sued; but,  notwithstanding  the  dispa- 
rity of  force,  l*Oiseau  had  the  good  for- 
tune to  beat  off  her  opponents. 

On  his  return  to  the  Cape,  Capt. 
Brisbane  was  removed  into  the  Dor- 
trecht,  and  sent  to  St.  Helena  as  con- 
▼oyto  some  bomeward-bound  Indiamen* 
While  there,  his  fortitude  and  presence 
of  mind  were  put  to  a  severe  test.  In- 
telligence of  tbe  mutiny  which  ha4 
taken  place  in  tbe  Channel  and  North 
Sea  fleets,  having  reached  that  islan^y 
his  crew,  inspired  by  the  same  mis- 
chievous spirit  which  bad  by  this  time 
diffused  itself  throughout  tbe  royal  navy, 
rose  upon  their  officers,  and  menaced 
them  with  general  destruction.  Tbe 
utmost  promptitude  and  vigour  became 
necessary ;  and,  selling  one  of  the  ring- 
leaders, Capt.   Brisbane  placed  a  rope 


about  his  neck,  and  apparently  was  pro- 
ceeding to  immediate  execution.  His 
object,  however,  being  only  to  inspire 
terror,  and  to  convince  the  crew  that  be 
was  not  to  be  intimidated,  be  relaxed 
from  the  threatened  infliction  of  Justice  j 
but,  while  tbe  rope  was  yet  round  tbe 
culprit's  neck,  be  solemnly  declared  to 
him,  that,  if  be  ever  again  ventured  to 
open  bis  mouth  against  his  King  or 
Country,  or  in  disobedience  to  the  com- 
mands of  his  officers,  the  yard-arm 
should  inevitably  be  his  portion.  This 
imperative  proceeding  on  the  part  of 
Capt.  Brisbane  shook  the  guilty  resola- 
tions  of  the  mutineers ;  and,  by  a  con- 
tinued firmness,  they  were  happily  re- 
stored to  a  state  of  subontination. 

Tbe  mutiny  having  also  broken  oot 
at  the  Cape,  Rear-Adm.  Pringle  sent  a 
SO-gun  ship  to  St.  Helena,  expressly  to 
recall  Capt.  Brisbane,  that  he  might  re- 
sume the  command  of  tbe  Tremendous ; 
the  crew  of  that  ship  having  risen  apon 
their  officers,  and  turned  tbeir  eom- 
roander  on  shore.  Capt.  Brisbane  imme- 
diately complied  with  the  wishes  of  the 
Commander4n- chief,  and  continued  in 
the  Tremendous  till  1798,  when  he  ac- 
companied that  officer  to  England  in 
the  Crescent  frigate.  His  next  appoint- 
ment was  to  tbe  Doris,  of  88  guns  ;  and 
In  that  ship,  under  tbe  orders  of  Adm. 
Comwallis,  be  was  invested  with  the 
command  of  a  squadron  of  frigates,  to 
watch  the  motions  of  the  French  fleet 
in  Brest  harbour.  Zealous  for  tbe  ho- 
nour of  tbe  service,  and  anxious  to  per> 
form  some  act  that  might  add  to  his 
professional  fame,  Capt.  Brisbane,  whilst 
on  this  atation,  formed  a  plan  for 
burning  tbe  ships  in  the  harbour,  whieh 
was  accepted  by  the  Admirals  but  in 
consequence  of  some  difficulties  wbleh 
arose  in  the  appointment  of  officers,  was 
not  carried  into  cflBCt. 

Upon  the  truce  of  Amiens,  Capt  Bris- 
bane was  ordered  to  the  West  Indies,  in 
command  of  the  Trent,  another  frigate; 
and,  while  there,  was  removed,  first  into 
tbe  Sans  Pareil,  and  afterwards  Into  the 
Goliath,  both  ships  of  tbe  line.  At  the 
renewal  of  tbe  war,  be  captured  la  Mig- 
nonne,  a  fine  corvette,  of  16  long  18- 
pounders  and  80  men,  off  St.  Domingo  | 
and  on  the  preceding  evening,  one  of 
his  boats  took  a  French  schooner,  laden 
with  sugar,  and  having  on  board  3,476 
dollars. 

Some  time  afterwards,  tbe  GoUath 
returned  to  England  as  convoy  to  the 
homeward-bound  trade.  On  bcr  pas* 
sage,  she  was  overtaken  Inr  a  vlolont 
hurrieane,  which  threatened  tbe  wholo 
fleet  with  destruction.  The  Calypso 
sloop  of  war,  and  one  of  the  merduuit- 


PART  I.]  Obituait.— Rear-il<ffii«  Sir  C.  Brisbane* 


645 


men,  sunk,  and  the  Goliath  wtt  in  in- 
mlnent  dtnfer  of  tbaring  the  tame  fate. 
The  Goliath  waa  subsequently  employed 
in  the  blockade  of  Rochefuit. 

On  the  3 1st  July,  1804,  the  oScera 
of  the  Goliath  (c&ve  Capt.  Brisbane  a 
l^rand  dinner  at  the  Pope's  Head  hotel, 
Plymouth.  About  the  same  period,  he 
had  the  misfortune  to  fracture  two  of  hit 
ribe,  and  dislocate  his  arm.  This  acci- 
dent was  occasioned  by  the  breaking  of 
the  man-rope,  just  as  he  was  stepping 
over  the  ship's  side. 

in  the  sprini;  of  1805,  our  officer  was 
appointed  lotbeArethusa,  a  finefrif^ate; 
and,  at  the  latter  end  of  the  year,  es- 
corted a  fleet  of  merchantmen  to  the 
West  Indies.  He  was  afterwards  em- 
ployed in  cniiiinj^  off  the  Havannah, 
where  he  captured  several  trading  Tea- 
sels ;  and  on  the  23d  Au^.  1806,  the 
Pomona,  a  Spanish  frigate  of  38  ^ns 
and  347  men.  On  this  occasion  the 
Arethusa,  supported  by  the  Anson,  Capt. 
Lydiard,  was  opposed  noC  only  to  the 
friKatp,  but  to  twelve  |^n-boats  from  the 
Havannab,  (each  carrying  a  34*pounder 
and  100  men,)  and  a  castle  on  shore 
mounting  sixteen  36  pounders.  After 
an  aetion  of  35  minutes  the  Pomona 
atruck  her  colours;  three  gun-boats 
blew  up,  six  were  sunk,  and  three  driven 
among  the  breakers.  The  castle,  by 
red-hot  shot,  set  fire  to  the  Arethusa, 
but  the  flames  were  speedily  extinguish- 
ed ;  and  a  melancholy  and  dreadful 
explosion  shortly  after  taking  place  in 
the  castle,  the  contest  ceased.  In  the 
course  of  the  action  Capt.  Brisbane  waa 
wounded  in  the  knee;  hut,  though  he 
suffered  excruciating  pain,  he  refused  to 
quit  the  deck  till  Victory  had  ileciaively 
proclaimed  herself  in  favour  of  the  Brl- 
tiab  flag. 

Towards  the  latter  end  of  the  aame 
year,  Capt.  Brisbane  waa  despatched 
from  Jamaica,  with  a  squadron  of  fri- 
gates, eonsisting  of  the  Arethusa,  La- 
tona,  and  Anson,  to  reconnoitre  the 
island  of  Cura^oa,  and  to  ascertain,  by 
a  flag  of  truce,  wbetber  the  inbabitanta 
were  disposed  towards  an  alliance  with 
Great  Britain.  It  wasontbe  lstJan.l807> 
that  this  little  squadron,  reinforced  by 
the  Fisgard  frigate,  arrived  off  Cura^oa. 
No  orders  whatever  had  been  given  to 
attack  the  island  )  but,  having  by  means 
uf  I  be  pilots  taken  on  board  at  Aruba, 
perfectly  ascertained  the  aituation  of  the 
plaee,  Capt.  Brisbane  formed  a  plan  for 
carrying  it  by  a  amp-de-maim:  and  im- 
parting his  intention  to  the  respective 
captains  under  him,  with  a  xeal  for  the 
service  which  would  have  done  honour 
to  the  character  of  a  Nelson,  taking  the 
•ole  respontibillty  upon  himself^  he  led 


his  thipt  into  the  harbour,  patting  the 
formidable  line  of  sea  batteriet  by  which 
its  entrance  was  protected,  and  came  to 
an  anchor.  It  is  well  deserving  of  re- 
mark, that  previously  to  this,  and  un- 
known to  their  officers,  the  men,  parti- 
cipating in  the  spirit  of  their  gallant 
leader,  had  arranged  themselves  for  at- 
tack ;  and,  when  called  to  quarters^ 
tbey  were  found  w  ith  the  words  **  Fiettr^ 
9r Death,'*  cbalked  upon  their  hats  1  Tha 
harbour,  as  he  describes  it  in  his  offi- 
cial letter,  was  defended  by  regular  for- 
tifications of  two  tier  of  guns.  Fort  Am- 
sterdam alone  mounting  SS  pieces  of 
cannon ;  the  entrance  only  fifty  yards 
wide,  athwart  which  was  the  Dutch  fri- 
gate Hatslar,  of  36  guns,  and  Surinam 
sloop,  of  S9,  with  two  armed  schooners  ; 
a  cbain  of  forts  was  on  Misleburgh,  a 
commanding  height;  and  that  almost 
impregnable  fortress,  Fort  Repuhlique, 
within  the  distance  of  grape-shot,  enfi- 
lading the  wbole  harbour. 

The  enemy  were  panic-struck  at  such 
unexpected  gallantry,  and  all  was  confu- 
sion. A  severe  and  destructive  cannon* 
nade  commenced  on  the  part  of  the  Are- 
thusa and  Latona,  and  the  guns  of  Fort 
Amsterdam  were  soon  silenced.  Capt. 
Brisbane  had  landed  with  his  boat's  crew, 
when,  learning  from  Capt.  Wood  of  the 
Latona  that  the  Hatslar  had  called  for 
quarter,  he  pushedoff  from  the  shore  with 
four  or  five  men,  and  got  on  board  in  time 
to  haul  down  the  enemy's  colours  with  hit 
own  hands.  The  boats  of  the  squadron 
were  now  ordered  to  land,  and  Fort  Am- 
sterdam was  instantly  taken  possession  of 
without  resistance,  although  the  garri- 
son consisted  of  975  regular  troops.  The 
Commodore  waa  the  firtt  perton  who 
tealed  the  walls,  and  on  this  occasion 
also  struck  the  Dutch  flag.  About  tbit 
period  the  Governor  of  Coracoa  arrived 
in  a  boat  from  hit  country  house,  ac- 
companied by  a  lady;  and  stopping 
under  the  Latona't  stern,  was  desired 
by  her  commander  to  proceed  to  the 
fort,  where  he  would  find  Capt.  Briabane, 
and  receive  no  molestation.  He  accord- 
ingly went  thither,  and  after  an  hour's 
deliberation,  agreed  to  surrender  the 
island  and  its  dependencies  to  the  crowa 
of  Great  Britain.  By  ten  o'clock  the 
British  flag  was  hoisted  on  Fort  Repob- 
Ikioe  ;  the  whole  of  the  island,  defended 
by  ISOO  militia,  besides  a  considerable 
number  of  regular  troops,  having  been 
reduced,  and  brought  into  the  quiet  pot- 
tession  of  the  English,  by  a  force  not 
exceeding  800  effective  men,  in  lest  than 
four  hours. 

The  splendour  of  this  achievtBtent 
might  well  excite  the  attonithment  of 
the  Cosnander In-Chief;  who,  it  It  taid. 


646  Obituary. — Sir  C.  Brisbane.— Rev.  S.  Clapham.        [vol.  c 


had  calculated  that  no  leit  a  force  than 
ten  sail  of  the  line,  and  10,000  land 
forces,  would  be  necessary  for  the  cap- 
ture of  the  island,  which  had  been  thus 
subdued  by  a  mere  handful  of  men.  Tbe 
entire  loss  of  the  British  was  only  4  sea- 
men killed,  and  14  wounded. 

Vice-Aclm.  Dacres,  in  bis  official  de- 
spatches announcing  the  event  to  Go- 
vernment, thus  handsomely  expressed 
his  approbation  of  the  g^allant  conduct 
of  the  captors  }—'<  Whilst  I  contemplate 
tbe  immense  strength  of  the  barhuur  of 
Amsterdam,  and  tbe  superior  force  con- 
tained in  tbe  different  batteries  opposed 
to  tbe  entrance  of  the  frigates,  1  know 
not  how  sufficiently  to  admire  tbe  de- 
cision of  Capt.  Brisbane  in  attempting 
tbe  harbour,  and  the  determined  bra* 
very,  and  conduct  displayed  by  himself, 
the  other  three  captains,  and  all  the 
officess  and  men  under  his  command." 

Immediately  after  tbe  capture,  Capt. 
Brisbane  proceeded  to  disarm  tbe  mi- 
litia—a most  politic  measure,  consider- 
ing tbe  very  slender  state  of  the  British 
force ;  and  to  administer  to  the  inha- 
bitants of  the  island  tbe  oath  of  allegi- 
ance to  his  Britannic  Majesty.  The 
Dutch  Governor  having  refused  to  take 
that  oath,  Capt.  Brisbane  constituted 
himself  bis  successor,  pro  tetiipare,  and 
assumed  tbe  functions  of  government 
accordingly. 

As  a  reward  for  their  distinguished 
conduct.  King  George  III.  was  graciously 
plea&ed  to  present  each  of  the  captains 
engaged  in  the  conquest  of  Cura9oa, 
with  a  gold  medal  i  and  to  confer  the 
honour  of  knighthood  upon  Captain  Bris- 
bane, by  patent  dated  April  10,  1807  : 
and  in  December,  tbe  following  honour- 
able augmentation  to  the  armorial  en- 
signs used  by  bis  family,  viz.  a  chief 
embattled,  thereon  a  ship  of  war  under 
sail  between  two  castles  ;  for  crest,  out 
of  a  naval  crown,  an  arm  embowed, 
grasping  a  sword  {  and  from  tbe  band  a 
medal  suspended  by  a  ribbon )  for  a 
motto,  CuRA^oA ;  and  for  supporters,  on 
tbe  dexter  side,  a  British  sailor ;  and  on 
tbe  sinister,  a  British  marine.  Tbe 
House  of  Assembly  of  Jamaica  presented 
Sir  Charles  with  a  handsome  sword,  ac- 
companied by  an  appropriate  address; 
and  after  his  return  to  England,  be  bad 
tbe  pleasure  of  receiving  a  similar  com- 
pliment from  tbe  Patriotic  Fund  at 
Lloyd's. 

On  quitting  the  government  of  Cu- 
ra^oa.  Sir  Charles  Brisbane  rejoined  bis 
old  ship  the  Aretbusa,  and  remained  in 
her  until  the  autumn  of  1808,  when  he 
was  appointed  to  tbe  Blake,  of  74  guns. 
At  the  latter  end  of  tbe  same  year  he 
obtained  the  government  of  the  island 


of  St.  Vincent,  which  pott  he  retained 
until  his  death.  He  was  nominated  a 
K.C.B.  Jan.  8,  1815;  advanced  to  the 
rank  of  Rear-Admiral,  1819,  and  to  that 
ofVice-Adm.  I8S-. 

Sir  Charles  married  Sarah,  one  of  tbe 
daughters  and  co-heiresses  of  tbe  late 
Sir  James  Patey,  of  Reading,  Knt.  $  and 
had  several  children.  His  only  surviving 
brother,  James,  was  knighted  for  his 
gallantry  at  Algiers,  in  1816,  on  which 
occasion  be  commanded  the  flag-ship  of 
Lord  Exmouth.  His  three  elder  bro- 
thers, John-Douglas,  Thomas-Stewart, 
and  William-Henry,  died  in  tbe  service 
of  their  country:  the  former,  a  captain 
R.N.,  was  drowned  in  1783 1  the  second, 
a  Lieutenant-Colonel  in  tbe  army,  fell 
at  St.  Domingo,  in  1795;  and  the  latter, 
a  naval  Captain,  died  in  the  following 
year. 

A  portrait  of  the  subject  of  this  me- 
moir, executed  by  J.  Northcote,  R.A. 
representing  his  attack  on  Cura^oa,  was 
exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy  in  1809. 


RiT.  Sasiuil  Clafram,  M.A. 

June  1.  At  Sulmouth,  in  the  76th  vear 
of  his  age,  the  Rev.  Samuel  Clapham,  M.A. 
Vicar  of  Christ  Church,  Hampshire;  of 
Great  Ousebom,  Yorkshire;  and  Rector 
of  GnssaM  St.  Miehael,  Dorsetshire. 

Mr.  CTspbam  wm  bom  at  Leeds  in  1 755. 
He  was  educated  by  his  fisher  in  his  native 
town,  and  at  Clara  Hall,  Cambridge,  where 
he  proceeded  B.A.  1778,  M.A.  1784.  In 
1790  he  undertook  the  enrsoy  of  Yarn, 
in  Yorkshiret  he  was  presented  to  Ouse- 
bum  m  1797  by  Lord  ChaDCellor  Lough- 
borough; to  Christehoreh,  in  1801,  by  the 
Deao  and  Chapter  of  Winchester  (Uirougfa 
the  influence  of  Bishop  Prstymao) ;  and  to 
Gussage,  In  1 806,  by  W.  Long,  ISsq. 

For  the  greatest  part  of  85  years,  and 
whilst  hb  health  permitted,  he  was  an  able, 
active,  and  upright  Magistrate  for  the 
county  of  Hants.  For  5t  years,  as  a  Chris- 
tian Minister,  he  was  a  fiuthfbl  and  dligent 
labourer  in  his  Master's  vineyard.  Daring 
this  period,  he  published  many  works  bear- 
ing his  own  name ;  three  large  volumes  of 
selected  Family  Sermons,  *'  Pre^maa's 
ElemenU  of  Theologv"  abridged,  <«  Massil- 
lon's  Charges"  translated,  <*  Jeremy  Tay- 
lor's Prayers,"  with  several  oceasiooal 
Discourses,  &c. ;  but  he  was  also  tbe  tmr 
thor  of  three  volumes  of  useful  and  popohr 
Sermons  which  have  been  held  in  great  re* 
pute,  under  the  title  of  **  Tbeopnilns  Sc 
John,  LL.B."  Some  of  these  were  oofli* 
posed  before  he  was  94  yean  old  i  and  it 
was  from  self-diffidence  alone  that  he  usher- 
ed them  into  the  worM  under  a  fletitions 
name.  I  believe  that  he  was  an  iaeidental 
contributor  to  the  pages  of  the  periodioil 
work  for  which  I  now  write— at  least  I  ' 


PART  I.]    Obituary. — Beo.  Samuil  ClaphawU'^CUrgy  Dectattd.      647 

bif  atteotioQ  wm  ever  oa  the  alert,  aod  hit 
pen  WM  not  idle  in  his  beloved  Matter't 
eauM.  He  dedicated  his  time  aad  taleota 
to  a  revisal  and  improvement,  by  nore 
French  Translations,  of  a  new  edition,  whidi 
was  called  for,  of  his  <*  Family  Sermons." 
He  happily  lived  long  enough  to  complete 
this  work,  and  see  it  make  its  appearance. 
After  this  he  wholly  resigned  himself  to 
pioos  meditations  and  devotional  exercises. 
He  had  been  long  setting  his  house  in  order, 
so  as  to  be  ready  to  quit  it  on  a  summons  for 
thatawful  journey  which  we  mustall  take  that 
we  may  enter  into  our  rest ;  aud  a  few  weeks 
previous  to  his  dissolution,  afker  humour- 
ously describing  his  feeble  and  helpless  state 
before  he  was  confined  to  his  bed,  he  wrote 
as  follows  to  the  author  of  this  scanty 
and  imperfect  tribute  to  his  memory  :  **  I 
am  living  with  eternity  ever  in  my  view  :  not 
without  that  dread  which  every  thinking 
man  as  a  fallen  creature  mtut  feel  at  so  awful 
a  contemplation  ;  but  soothed  by  hope  and 
comfort,  which  I  am  willing  to  believe  is 
directed  from  above." 

Under  the  impression  of  these  sentimente 
it  is  natural  to  expect  that  his  last  end  must 
be  like  that  of  the  righteous ;  and  in  fitct, 
so  easy  and  gentle  was  his  exit  from  this 
world,  that  he  may  be  said  almost  literally 
to  have  slept  himself  into  another ;  there  to 
receive,  through  a  Redeemer's  merits  (for 
in  these  alone  he  placed  hu  trust),  the  re- 
wards of  an  industrious,  well-spent,  Christaan 
life. 

Mr.  Clapham  had  only  one  son,  James - 
Murray,  who  died  on  board  his  Majesty's 
ship  Pandora,  April  98,  1809,  in  his  18th 
year,  and  has  a  monumental  tablet  in  the 
church  of  Upper  Deal.  He  has  left  three 
amiable  unmarried  daughters,  who  were  tmly 
exemplary  and  unremitting  in  filial  attentions 
to  their  revered  parent. 


that  he  was  aa  admirer  and  lover  of  it,  on 
account  of  the  religious  aod  poUtieal  prin- 
ciples which  it  has  always  espoused,  espe- 
cially at  that  memorable  era,  or  perilous 
crtsb,  when  there  were  so  many  machina- 
tions with  which  our  unrivalled  establish- 
ment in  Church  and  Sute  had  to  contend. 
For  the  principles  to  which  I  allude,  and 
their  advocates,  he   was  a  most  strenuous 
champion :   indeed,  the  sternness  of  his  or- 
thodoxy  was   a   prominent    feature   in   his 
character :    and,  as  all  mortals  have   their 
fiulings,  one  of  his  perhaps  was  the  vehe- 
mence with  which  he  was  accustomed  to  de- 
fend his  fiivourite  loyal  and  clerical  tenets. 
If,  to  hate  a  Whig,  was,  in  the  opinion  of 
Dr.  Johnson,  to  be  a  ^ood  hater,  Mr.  Clap- 
ham  might  well  aspire  to  that  honourable 
appellation,    by    his  antipathy   to   all    the 
enemies  of  our  excellent  church,  whether 
within  or  without  its  pale.     In  one  of  St. 
John's  sermons  on  our  Saviour's  answer  to 
Nicodemus,    he  triuniphantly  exposes  and 
refutes  the  erroneous  Calvinistic  doctrine  of 
regeneration,  which  b  so  much  inculcated  at 
present  by  a  certain  class  of  teachers  among 
ourselves.     Mr.  Clapham 's  social  qualities, 
bis  inflexible  integrity  and  good  nature,  en- 
deared him  to  a  numerous  and  respectable 
acquaintance.     He  kept  up  a  constant  in- 
tercourse with  many  eminent  preachers  and 
literary  men  of    talent,  such  as  the   late 
Bishop  of  Winchester,  Mr.  Rose,  M.P.,  &c. 
He  was  especially  in  habiu  of  strict  intimacy 
with  the  aged  and  venerable  Dr.  Scott,  so 
many  years  Rector  of  a  valuable  living  in 
the  north,  since  divided  into  four— one  who 
will  be  known  to  posterity  by  his  Sermons, 
as  well  as  by  his  Letters,  signed  Anti-Se' 
janus.      What  he   did  not  publish  of  the 
former,  he  bequeathed  to   the  subject   of 
thii  memoir.      Mr.  Clapham  was  not  less 
cautious  in  forming  his  private  attachments,  • 
than  he  was  fervent  and  steady  in  adhering 
to  them  when  formed.     With  a  slight  pub- 
lication which  met  his  eve  in  1 796,  he  was 
so  much  pleased,  that  he  commenced  and 
carried  on  a  fiuniliar  and  friendly  correspond- 
ence with  iu  author  for  more  than  ten  years 
before  they   ever  saw   each  other  j    after- 
wards, by  a  congeniality  of  sentiment  on 
ring  events   and   professional  exertions, 
the  remaining  «5  years,  it  was  never  in- 
terrupted. 

Havins  taken  this  concise  view  of  Mr. 
Clapham  s  principles  and  conduct,  supported 
consistently  through  life,  the  painhil  task 
devolves  upon  me  to  add,  that  a  few  years 
since  his  constitution  began  to  be  much 
impaired.  He  was  unable  to  share  any  more 
wiUi  an  assistant  in  the  parochial  functions 
of  his  ministry,  and  in  quitting  his  vicarage 
of  Christchnrch,  where  he  had  so  long  re- 
aided,  he  was  advised  by  the  faculty  to  repair 
to  Sidmouth  for  the  benefit  of  iu  salubri- 
ous air;  but  here,  although  incompetent 
to  any  service  either  in  the  desk  or  pulpit. 


CLERGY  DECEASED. 

At  Supleford,  the  Rev.  H^iUiam  Atkinmm, 
Fellow  of  Christ's  college,  Cambridge,  aod 
formerly  Fellow  and  Tutor  of  Catherine  hall. 
He  proceeded  B.A.  1781,  being  eighth 
wrangler  of  that  year,  M.A.  1784,  B.D. 
1799  ;  and  was  elected  Fellow  of  Christ's  ia 
1808. 

The  Rev.  George  Benison,  formerly  Curate 
of  Hevdun  and  Little  Chishall,  Essex.  Ho 
was  of  Christ's  coll.  Camb.  B.A.  1779. 

The  Rev.  John  Filket,  Vicar  of  Navo* 
stock,  Essex.  He  was  formerly  Fellow  of 
Trin.  coll.  Oxf.  where  he  graduated  M.A. 
1774,  and  B.D.  1788:  and  by  which  so- 
ciety he  was  presented  to  Navestock  in  179t» 
The  Rev.  David  Prankish,  Cur«to  of 
Kirton,  Unc.  B.A.  of  St  John's  eoll.  Camb. 
Aged  78,  the  Rev.  fK  G^anf,  of  the 
Church  of  Rome,  for  forty-thive  ymn 
Chaplain  at  Laoarth  Court,  Monaouthshiro. 


648 


Obituary  .^—C^^y  Deceased. 


[vol.  c. 


At  Tettenhall  Wood,  near  Wolverhamp- 
ton, aged  76,  the  Rer.  Josiah  HinckeSf  for- 
merlj  of  Pemb.  coll.  Ox£M.A.  1778. 

The  Rer.  PTyndham  SeoU,  Rector  of 
KcDt'ubeare,  Devon,  to  which  parish  he 
was  lately  preaeuted  by  the  Hon.  P.  C. 
Wyndham. 

The  Rev.  ffUUam  Tarmer,  Rector  of  Me- 
•haw,Devon,aDd  Priest  Vicar  of  Exeter  cath. 
He  was  of  King's  coll.  Camb.  M.A.  1774  ; 
was  presented  to  Meshaw  in  1777  by  G.  H. 
Wollaston,  Esq.  and  received  his  preferment 
at  Exeter  in  1 808. 

The  Rev.  Roberl  LawrenceTownsend,  D.D. 
Rector  of  Bishop's  Cleeve,  Glouc.  and  an 
active  magistrate  for  that  county.  He  was 
of  Wore.  coll.  Oxf.  B.  andD.D.  1815;  and 
was  instituted  to  his  rectorv  in  1815  on  his 
own  petition.  His  son,  ox  the  same  name, 
is  one  of  the  Ministers  of  St.  Philip,  Li- 
verpool. 

Aged  74,  the  "Rev.  John  H'illiams,'Reciot 
of  St.  Devereux  and  Wormbridge,  Here- 
fordshire, to  which  churches  he  was  pre- 
sented in  1791  by  E.  B.  Clive,  Esq. 

The  Rev.  Edward  Yeals,  one  of  the  senior 
Fellows  of  Trinity  college,  Cambridge.  He 
proceeded  B.A.  180S,  being  the  fourth 
wrangler  of  that  year ;  M.A.  1 805. 

At  Eton,  aged  49,  the  Rev.  Charles 
Yonge,  senior  Assistant  in  the  Upper  School. 
He  was  formerly  Fellow  of  King's  coll. 
Camb.  where  he  proceeded  B.A.  1804,  M.A. 
1807. 

March  18.  At  Buckingham,  aged  71, 
the  Rev.  ff^illiam  Eyre,  Vicar  of  j^bury, 
and  Perpetual  Curate  of  Hillesden,  Bucks. 
He  was  of  Line.  coll.  Oxf.,  M.A.  1776, 
was  presented  to  Padbury  in  1786  by  Lord 
Chancellor  Thurlow,  and  to  Hillesden  in 
1816  by  the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Christ 
Church,  Oxon. 

March  SO.  At  East  Langdon,  Kent, 
a^ed  70,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Detannoyt  Rector 
of  that  parish  with  West  Langdon  and 
Guston,  and  Vicar  of  WestclifF.  He  was 
of  Sidney  coll.  Camb.  B.A.  1778,  M.A. 
1783.  He  was  collated  to  the  vicarage  of 
Whitfield  in  Kent,  in  1784,  by  Abp.  Moore, 
exchanged  that  living  for  Langdon  and  Gus- 
ton, both  in  the  same  patronage,  in  1788, 
and  was  presented  to  Westcliff  in  1807  by 
the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Canterbury. 

March  23.  At  Babworth,  Notts.,  aged 
73,  the  Rev.  John  Eyre,  Archdeacon  of 
Nottingham,  Canon  Residentiary  of  York, 
Prebendary  of  Southwell,  Rector  of  Bab- 
worth, Beelsby,  and  Headon.  He  was  the 
second  son  of  Anthouy  Eyre,  Esq.,  of 
Grove  in  Nottinghamshire ;  and  was  of 
Braz.  coll.  Oxf.,  M.A.  1786.  He  was  col- 
lated to  the  Prebend  of  Apesthorpe,  in  the 
Church  of  York,  by  Abp.  Markham  in 
1788;  was  presented  to  Babworth  in  1796 
by  the  Hon.  J.  Simpson,  and  to  the  sine- 
cure rectory  of  Headon  in  the  same  year  by 
his  father ;  was  collated  to  the  Prebend  of 


Norwel)  Oven]!,  in  the  eollegate  ohiifch  of 
Southwell,  by  Abp.  Markham  in  18011 )  and 
to  the  Archdeaconry  of  Nottingham  by 
Abp.  Vernon  in  1810:  and  waa  pfeeented 
to  the  rectory  of  Beelsby  by  the  bean  and 
Chapter  of  Southwell  in  18<7. 

March  95.  At  Blyton,  new  Gaine- 
borough,  aged  84,  the  Rev.  J.  Jndtnonj 
Curate  of  that  place  for  nearly  half  a  cen- 
tury. 

March  96.  The  Rev.  fT,  B.  fyUBams, 
Minister  of  Ram's  chi^l,  Homerton,  Lec- 
turer of  St.  Peter's,  Cornhill,  and  Monday 
evening  Lecturer  at  St.  AnthoUn's,  Watling- 
street.  Mr.  Williame  was  a  stodent  of 
Worcester  college,  Oxford ;  and  was  fiiir- 
merly  Curate  of  High  Wycombe,  and  Chap- 
lain to  the  Marquis  of  Downahire.  He 
published  «  The  Good  Samaritan,  or  Cha- 
rity to  Strangers  Recommended,'*! 793,8 vo.,. 
**  A  Check  to  the  Opinions  of  Baron  Swe* 
denborg,"  1798,  8vo.,  <«  The  Reigning 
Abominations  considered,  a  Sermon  on 
occasion  of  the  General  Faat,  1  SOS,"  Svo., 
**  Six  Sermons  on  the  ChuKh  Catechism^ 
1808,"  8vo. 

April  5.  At  Little  Ponham,  Norfolk, 
■ged.73,  the  Rev.  Henry  JoweU^  Rector  of 
that  pariah.  He  was  formerly  Fellow  and 
Tutor  of  Magd.  coll.  Camb.  where  he  pro- 
ceeded B.A.  1788,  being  the  6th  aenior 
optime  of  that  vear,  M.A.  1781  j  and  wia 
presented  to  hit  living  In  1799  by  £.  Parry, 

April  9.  At  Hereford,  after  a  few  hours 
ilhiess,  aeed  77»  the  Rev.  Morgan  Cove, 
D.C.L.,  Rector  of  Eaton  Bishop,  Praben- 
darv  and  Chancellor  of  the  choir  of  the 
cathedral  church  of  Hereford.  He  re- 
ceived hit  collegiate  education  at  Trin.  hall, 
Cambridge,  where  he  took  the  degree  of 
LL.B.  in  1776;  he  waa  incorporated  of 
Magdalen  hall,  Oxford,  and  waa  a  grand 
compounder  for  the  degree  of  D.C.L.  in 
1810.  In  1796  Mr.  Cove,  being  then  of 
Helston  in  Cornwall,  pnbliihcd  anonymously 
an  *'  Essay  on  the  Revenues  of  die  Chnn» 
of  England."  It  received  oonaideFable  at- 
tention)  and  the  second  edition  waa  re- 
viewed in  our  vol.  Ixz.  p.  658.  The  vieafagt 
of  Sithney  in  Cornwall  waa  in  conaequenoe 
given  him  by  the  then  Bishop  of  Exeter  i 
and  shortly  after,  bv  the  patronage  of  Dr. 
Butler,  Bishop  of  Hereford,  he  became  in 
1799,  Rector  of  Eaton  Biahop,  and  Pre- 
bendary of  Gorwall  and  Overbniy  in  thai 
cathedral  in  1800.  In  the  latter  year  be 
published  another  work  in  defence  of  the 
existing  arrangements  in  the  revenoee  of  the 
church,  entitled,  "An  Inquiry  intotlie  Nf 
cessity.  Justice,  and  Polier  oi  a  Commonr 
tion  of  Tithes,"  8vo.  Tins  ia  foDy  reviev^ 
ed  in  our  vol.  Izxi.  p.  937^-944.  Again,  ia 
1817,  he  republianed  both  woria  uaited, 
*'  corrected  and  greatly  enlanrad"  (ene  foL 
Ixxxvii.  i.  150—154)).  Dr.  Cove  «ii  ap* 
pointed  to  his  chancellonhip  in  18t8* 


?ART  I."] 


Obituary.— Cffrgf  Deceased. 


€i9 


jipril  10.  AtC]iafiwa»  HaoU,  the  Rev. 
Thomas  HWiSf  Rector  of  that  parish  end 
lUfiekL  He  wte  of  St.  John's  coll.  Ounb. 
BJ^.  1776t  M^.  1779}  and  waa  presented 
to  both  his  livinp  br  R.  WiUis,  Esq.  t  to  the 
liDfmer  in  1783,  and  the  latUr  in  1765. 

jlpril  19.  Aged  5S»  the  Rev.  Joseph 
Barigetl^  Viear  oS  Broofhton*  Yorkshire, 
•ad  Rector  of  Melnuiroj,  Cmnherlaadt 
Chaplain  of  Merton  oollego,  Oafosd,  and 
Proctor  in  the  Court  of  tlie  Vice-chancellor 
of  that  uniTertitj.  He  attained  the  degrre 
of  M.A.  in  19041  «vas  preeented  to  Mel- 
nerby  in  18i9,  by  T.  Pattinson,  Eso.,  and 
to  Broughtoa  in  1894,  by  Cbnstchurch, 
Oafoffd. 

April  \h.  At  Yealnpton,  Devoo,  aged 
37,  the  Rev.  James  Yange,  Rector  of  Stock- 
ley  Pomeroy,  and  Perpetual  Curate  of  Tor- 
moham  and  Cockington.  He  waa  institoted 
in  all  those  chuicCes  in  1898,  collated  to 
the  6rst  by  Dr.  Carey,  Bp.  of  Eaeter,  and 
presented  to  the  latter  by  the  Rev.  Roger 
Mallock. 

April  16.  Aged  77,  the  Rev.  Janalhan 
Holmes,  Rector  of  Kildale,  and  Perpetual 
Curate  of  Thirsk,  Carlton  Miniott,  and 
Sand  Hutton,  Yorkshire.  He  was  collated 
to  Carlton  in  1787,  and  to  Thirsk  with  Sand 
Hutton  in  1798,  by  Abp.  Markbam ;  and 
was  presented  to  KUdalein  1811,  by  R.  Bell 
livesay,  Esq. 

At  Leeds,  af^ed  36,  the  Rev.  George 
Jfalker,  officiating  Minister  of  Trinitv 
church  in  that  town,  and  Rector  of  Papworth 
Everard,  co.  Cambridge.  He  wa«  formerly 
Fellow  of  Trinity  college,  Cambridge,  where 
he  proceeded  B.A.  1814,  being  the  eighth 
wrangler  of  that  year,  M.A.  1817.  In  1818 
he  was  appointed  Head  Master  of  the  Leeds 
grammar-school :  but  had  subsequently  re- 
signed. He  was  presented  to  Papworw  by 
his  college  in  1890.  Mr.  Walker  wm  a 
man  of  unquestionable  talent  and  high  at- 
tainments, and  discharged  his  various  duties 
with  that  vigorous  attention  and  efficiency 
which  characterise  mental  ardour  and  culti- 
vation. Several  of  his  pupils  have  distin- 
guished themselves  in  the  universities. 

April  1 7.  Aged  66,  the  Rev.  John  Fa- 
chell.  Vicar  of  Liuleport  in  the  Isle  of  Ely. 
He  was  of  Pemb.  hall,  Camb.  B.A.  1787, 
MA.  1790;  and  was  collated  to  his  living 
in  1795  by  the  Hon.  Dr.  Yorke,  then  Bp. 
of  Ely. 

April  91.  At  his  snn*t  at  East  Acton, 
Middlesex,  the  Rev.  Thomas  Dams,  B.CXi. 
PirabeodarT  of  Salisbary,  Rector  of  St.  Mar- 
tSa'a  in  that  city,  and  Vicar  of  Fuherton 
Dtlaaere,  Wilts.  He  was  presented  to  his 
Saliabory  church  in  1809,  by  H.  P.  Wynd- 
bMn»  Eaq. ;  was  collated  to  the  prebend  of 
Stra^ird  by  Bbhop  Fisher  in  1818  ;  and  was 

KMoted  to  Pitherton  in  1890,  by  John 
v»,  Esq. 

Afiril ...      In  London,  whither  he  had 
npaired  (or  medical  advice,  the  Rev.  Culh^ 
GiNT.  Mao.  Suppl.  Vol.C.  Part  I. 

K 


htrt  Henley,  Rector  ol  Rendlesham,  and 
Perpetual  Curato  of  Wantesden,  Suffolk. 
He  wss  of  Pemb.  hall,  Camb.  B.A.  I814» 
M.A.  1817}  was  presented  to  Rendlesham 
by  the  King  in  1816,  on  the  death  of  [wa 
believe  his  fkther]  the  Rev.  Samuel  Henley^ 
D  D.,  of  whom  see  vol.  Lzxxvi.  i.  p.  189  { 
and  to  Wantetden  in  1893,  by  N.  Bamadis* 
ton,  Esq.  He  published  a  Sermon  preach* 
ed  at  a  visitation  of  the  Archdeacon  of  Suf* 
folk.  He  contrihoted  to  this  Magaiine  an 
aoeonnt  of  his  parish  of  Rendlesham ;  set 
vol.  xci.  L  pp.  9.  105. 

May  8.  At  Harrow,  aged  36,  the  Rev. 
SamuH  KUis  Batten,  Assutant  Master  of 
Harrow  school.  He  waa  of  Pemb.  coll. 
Camb.  B.A.  1813,  M.A.  18... 

May  11.  At  Devises,  aged  55,  the  Rev. 
Prmmmby  Lowtker,  Rector  of  Orchestoo  St. 
George,'  Wilts.  He  waa  of  Oriel  ooU.  Q%t 
M.A. 1800. 

May  16.  Of  typhns  fever,  the  Rev. 
Henry  fVintk,  B.A.  of  Worcester  collcf^, 
Oxford,  eldest  son  of  the  Rev.  Henry  WioUe* 
Rector  of  Somerton,  Oaon.  He  had  d»s« 
tinguished  himself  in  his  examinations  for 
his  degree,  and  his  admission  into  holy 
orders,  and,  zealous  in  duty  as  amiable  in 
temper  and  disposition,  %rat  executing  hie 
pastoral  charge  with  efficiency. 

May  17.  At  Brixton,  Isle  of  Wight, 
aged  74,  the  Rev.  Nod  Digby,  for  6hy 
years  Rector  of  that  parish,  first  eouaia 
onoe  removed  to  Earl  Digby.  He  was  the 
third  son  of  the  Hon.  Wriothesley  Digby, 
(fourth  son  of  William  fifth  Lord  Digby,  in 
the  peerage  of  Ireland,  and  Lady  Jane  Noel,) 
by  Mary,  daughter  of  John  Cotes,  of  Wood- 
coto  in  Shropshire,  Esq.  He  was  of  Magd. 
coll.  Oaf.  M.A.  1780;  and  was  collated 
to  Brixton  in  that  year  by  Dr.  ThoouM,  then 
Bp.  of  Winchester. 

May  93.  At  Florence,  aged  77»  th« 
Rev.  Daniel  David  Berguer,  Rector  of 
Everley,  Wilu.  He  wasofTrin.  coll.  Camb. 
B.D.  1 800,  and  was  presented  to  Everley  \m 
1 805,  by  Sir  J.  D.  Astley,  Bart. 

At  Wanborough,  Wilu,  the  Rev.  Mareus 
AureHus  Parker^  fur  sixteen  years  Cumto  of 
that  parish.  He  was  of  St.  John's  coll. 
Camb.  B.A.  1804.  He  was  preparing  to 
attend  the  church,  when  a  paralytic  stroke 
terminated  his  life  in  lulf  an  nour.  It  is  re- 
markable that  Mr.  Iremonger,  the  late  Vicar 
of  Wanborough,  died  in  a  similar  manner  not 
five  months  before  (see  p.570.)  Mr.  Parker 
has  left  a  widow  and  family  quite  destitnto. 

May  94.     At  Bath,  on  hb  return  from 
London  to  Exeter,  the  Rev.  ffttliam  H'krd' 
Smith,  Fellow  of  Woroester  college,  OxJM. 
He  took  the  degree  of  M.A.  b  1 807. 

Maysi.  At  Himley.netfDudknr,  Staff, 
in  his  80th  year,  the  R«v.  John  MkuUmf, 
Rector  of  Himley.  He  waaofChristehnico, 
Oxf.  M.A.  1776,  and  was  presented  to 
Hunley  in  1799  by  the  lau  Lord  Viscoont 
Dudley  and  Ward. 


650 


OBLtUARY. 


[vol.  C. 


June  i.  At  Weymouth »  aged  59»  the 
Rev.  Sir  Charles  Toumsend  frailer,  third 
Bart.,  of  Lisbriao,  co.  Tipper&rj,  and  of 
Writhlingtoa  House,  near  Bath.  He  wat 
ton  of  Sir  Robert  Waller,  who  was  created 
a  Baronet  of  Ireland  in  1780  ;  and  succeeded 
in  the  title,  in  1826,  his  brother  Sir  Robert, 
who  died  when  serving  the  office  of  High 
Sheriff  of  the  King's  County.  Sir  Charles 
became  a  widower  Nov.  99,  1 827. 

June  4.  At  Northcave,  Yorkshire,  the 
Rev.  Robert  Todd,  Vicar  of  that  parish,  and 
Domestic  Chaplain  to  Lord  Palmerstnn.  He 
was  the  third  son  of  William  Todd,  Esq.  of 
Hull ;  was  of  St.  John's  coll.  Camb.  B.A. 
1818,  M.A.  1821;  and  was  instituted  to 
his  living  in  1820. 

June  7.  Ajfed  80,  the  Rev.  John  Brock, 
Rector  of  Bidhorough,  Kent.  He  was  of 
King's  coll.  Camb.  B.A.  1769;  and  wu 
presented  to  Bidborough  in  1789  by  C. 
Elliott,  Esq. 

.  June  8.  At  Harpsden  Court,  the  Rev. 
Michael  Wyait,  Rector  of  North  Wraxhall, 
and  Ashley,  Wilts.  He  was  of  St.  John's 
coll.  Camb.  M.A.  1809;  was  presented  to 
Ashley  in  that  year  by  the  Chancellor  of  the 
Duchy  of  Lancaster,  and  to  North  Wrax- 
hall in  1814,  by  Mrs.  Heneage. 

June  11.  At  Tunbridge  Welb,  aged  29^ 
the  Hon.  and  Rev.  Miles-John  StapleUm, 
M.A.  Rector  of  Mereworth,  and  Vicar  <^ 
Tudeley,  Kent;  third  but  elder  surviving 
ion  of  Lord  le  Despencer.  He  was  of  Mag- 
dalen cull.  Cambridjro;  and  was  presented 
to  his  livings  by  his  father  in  1827.  He  mar- 
ried Dec.  29*  1820,  Anne-Byaro,  only  child 
of  the  late  Thomas  Norbury  Kerby,  Esq. 
of  Antigua ;  and  has  had  several  children. 

JuTie  11.  At  Dulwich  college,  aged  70, 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Jenyns  Smith,  fur  47  years 
Fellow  of  that  society.  He  was  of  Braz. 
coll.  Oxf.  M.A.  1783. 

June  20,  At  the  house  of  his  father  the 
Rev.  J.  B.  Ferrers,  Beddington,  Surrey, 
aged  28,  the  Rev.  Proby  John  Ferrers,  late 
of  Oriel  College,  Oxford,  M.A.  1829. 

At  Bath,  the  Rev.  James  Haviland,  Fel- 
ow  of  New  College,  Oxford,  M.A.  1797. 
He  was  a  very  active  officer  in  the  Untver- 
aity  Volunteer  Infantry,  raised  at  the  com- 
mencement of  the  French  revolutionary  war. 


DEATHS. 

London  and  its  Vicinity. 

June  15.     In  Southampton- row,  Russell- 
square,  G.  Barriffe,  esq.  late  of  Jamaica. 

June   16.      In    Finsbury -square,    Jacob 
Jones,  esq.  in  his  66th  year. 

•June  17.  At  Pentonvtlle,  in  her  68th 
year,  Mrs.  Ann  Humfrey,  of  Bath,  relict  of 
W.  Humfrey,  esq.  formerly  of  Clapham- 
common. 

Jum  19.    The  ioAmt  son  of  Sir  Charles 
and  Lady  Wetherell  (see  p.  361.) 


June  19.  At  •Kiii|;8laiid,  in  hia  67th 
year,  Tho.  Popplewell,  esq.'  R.N.  late  of 
Sister'^-cottage,  Stoke  Newington. 

June  21.  In  Montagu-itreet,  Portihaa- 
square,  in  her  Idth  year,  Sophia-Anne, 
eldest  dau.  of  the  late  Rev.  Wm.  Gamett, 
Rector  of  Tilstone,  Cheshire. 

June  23.  At  Lord  Lilford's,  in  Charles- 
street,  Berkeley-square,  Hester,  wife  of  the 
Rev.  J.  J.  Hornby,  Rector  of  Winwick, 
Lancashire. 

At  her  brother's  hoose,  Alfred-place, 
Camberwell,  in  her  45th  year,  Miii  Sarah 
Bond. 

June  25.  In  Torrington-street,  Hugh, 
youngest  son  of  the  late  Charles  Shaw,  esq. 
Ayr,  North  Britain. 

June  30.  In  Paaton-square,  Haymar- 
ket^  John  Irving  Smale,  M.A.>  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge. 

Bocks. — June  26.  At  Great  Marlow, 
Anne,  relict  of  the  late  Rev.  Jonathan  Ham- 
mond, many  years  Rector  of  Penshurst, 
Kent. 

CoRNWALL.-»J^}te  Id.  At  Trehane,  in 
his  90th  year,  Wm.  Stackhouse,  esq. 

Devon. — June  17*  At  Plymouth,  aged 
86,  Stephen  Hammick,  esq.,  the  senior 
Alderman  of  that  borough,  having  served 
the  office  of  Mayor  \a  1 790. 

At  Bitton,  aged  84,  Eliz.  Mackworth 
Praed,  eldest  daughter  of  Mr.  Serjeant 
Praed. 

June  21.  At  Tiverton,  aged  65,  Sir  John 
Dontz,  Bart.,  Receiver  general  for  Devon- 
■hire.  He  was  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  John 
Duntz,  M.P.  for  Tiverton,  who  was  created 
a  Baronet  in  1774,  and  whom  he  suoeeeded 
in  that  title  Feb.  5,  1795.  He  married  in 
June,  1 804,  Dorothea,  dangfater  of  the  late 
Sir  Thomas  Carew,  of  Tiverton  Castle,  sixth 
Bart,  of  Haccomb,  and  had  issue  a  son,  born 
in  1 806,  who  has  succeeded  to  the  titJe. 

DossKT. — June  \i.  At  Lyme  Regis, 
aged  78,  Lt.*Gen.  John  Jenkinson.  He  was 
appointed  Major  in  the  army  March  1 , 1 794 ; 
in  the  Loyal  Staffordshire  Foot  Aug.  27, 
following;;  Lt.-Colonel  1798,  Colonel  1808, 
Major-General  1811,  and  Lieut.-General 
1821.  He  had  been  for  many  years  on  half- 
pay.  His  eldest  son,  Henry,  Is  a  Post  Cap- 
tain R.N.,  and  married  in  1823  the  yoonger 
sister  of  Sir  Thomas  Dyke  Acland,  Bait., 
M.P. 

June  23.  At  Shaftesbury,  Susan,  sister 
of  the  late  Rev.  N.  Templeman,  Rector  of 
the  Holy  Trinity  in  Dorchester,  aged  89. 

Durham. — Juru  14.  At  Silk  worth  House, 
near  Sunderland,  aged  58,  Thus.  Hopper, 
esq.,  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  the 
County. 

Essex. — June  28.  At  Walthamstow, 
Anne,  wife  of  G.  Wilson,  esq. 

Gloucestershire. — June  20,  AtCharl- 
ton  King's,  Cheltenham,  aged  70,  Gen. 
George  Warde,  i,f  Woodland  CasUe,  co. 
Glamorgan.    He  was  the  third  son  of  the 


partl] 


Obituary. 


661 


I 


tim  J.  Wcrda,  0tq.»  q£  SqnarriM,  Kent ; 
«•■  BppoiBitd  Coroat  In  tht  14th  ]>»- 
l^ooot  1774,  UnU  1776,  OtpUin  9th 
DngooM  1778.  Hfl  mrnd  m  Aid-^ 
Gmp  to  Um  IU»  Hob.  Oml  Wtide  until 
1763,  and  «m  then  reiiiov«i  to  the  hofM 
grtaadicni  on  tho  radootioa  ol  which  h« 
WM  pkotd  on  half-poj.  He  receif ed  ia 
1790  the  rank  of  Major  and  Lieat.-Colonel 
by  brevet,  and  Cokmel  b  1798.  He  was 
appolated  Intpectiiig  Field  Oflicer  in  the 
Serem  dictricty  and  In  the  South-west  £t- 
trict,  where  he  continaed  till  Jane  1808, 
when  he  was  niaced  os  the  staff  at  Bristol. 
He  attained  tne  rank  of  Major-Gen.  1805| 
Iieat.-Oen.  181  J,  and  Oeneral  1895. 

Hants.— Jime  19.  At  Soathampton, 
Henrietta,  wife  of  the  Rer.  Rich.  Bracken. 

KiMT.— June  9.  At  Lillesden,  Hawk- 
hurst,  aged  51,  F.  G.  Gore  Borridge, 
eso. 

LiNCOLifSHiiii.— ^ime  94.  At  Boston, 
Georse  Vamham,  esq.  of  Wilton-place, 
Koightsbridge. 

NoaraAMrronsHiat. -*  June  13.  At 
Barnwell,  aged  47,  Jane,  eUest  dau.  of  H. 
Hojie  Oddie,  esq. 

Jmru  97.  Mrs.  Webster,  wife  of  the 
Rev.  Mr.  Webster,  Rector  of  Astoa-le- 
Walls. 

SoiffMstT.— June  6.  At  Bath,  MiM 
Marsham,  aged  67,  formerlj  of  Hatfield, 
Herts. 

June  99.  At  Taunton,  aged  41,  John 
Cook,  esq.,  late  Capt.  ia  the  first  Somerset 
Militia. 

Sustix.^-Jcme  1 5.  At  Brighton,  in  his 
69th  year,  Robeft  Podmore,  esq.  of  Clay- 
ton, ^Msex. 

June  96.  At  Hastinn,  in  her  85th  year, 
Frances  Eliz.  Reeve,  of  Bury  St.  Edmuxid's, 
widow  of  the  late  Edward  Reeve,  Esq. 

WoRCiSTta. — June  93.  At  Kempsey, 
in  his  81st  year,  Lieut. -Col.  Lodovick 
Grant,  late  of  the  East  India  Co.'s  service. 

Wilts.— June  18.  Miss  Ellen  Frowd, 
dan.  of  the  late  Rev.  John  Thaioe  Frowd, 
of  Chieklade. 

June  90.  At  Honiagsham,  aged  64, 
Tho.  Everett,  esq. 

YoRKSHiRi. — June  90.  At  Hull  Bank, 
Miss  Haworth,  sister  to  B.  B.  Haworth,  esq. 

June  98.  Aged  67,  Hewley  John  Baines, 
•sq.,  of  Bell  Halt 

June  80.  At  Harrogate,  Croft  Wor- 
mald,  esq.,  Surgeon, 

Scotland.— June  90.  At  40,  Qoeen-st. 
Edinburgh,  Major  Alex.  Thomson,  Royal 
Eagtoeers.  He  was  appointed  9d  Lieut. 
1808,  1st  Lieut.  1809,  Capt.  Idth  dragoons 
1813,  brevet  Major  1819.  He  served  in 
FUnders  and  at  Waterloo. 

Abroad. — Jan,  6.  At  Calcutu,  W. 
Lumsdaioe,  esq.  of  Lnmsdaine,  N.B.  De- 
puty Commissary -gen.  In  Bengal. 

Jan,  93.  At  Bombay,  in  his  llstvear, 
Easign  Joseph  £.  Edwards,  of  the  18th  ra- 


giaent  N.  L,  saooad  son  of  Mr.  William 
Edwards,  Banker,  of  Bristol. 

Jan, ...  In  Calcutta,  from  a  fall  from  his 
horse,  Capt.  Prinsep,  of  the  Bengal  £a^ 
aeers,  sixth  son  cSf  J.  Prinsep,  esq.,  of 
Great  Cumberland'St. 

Feb,  90.  At  Neuwied,  aged  80,  Coual 
George  of  Stolberg,  Major  in  the  service 
of  Suony.  His  loss  is  regretted  by  a  no* 
meroos  fiunily,  of  which  he  was  the  oldeal 
member. 

.  March  17'  At  Jamaica,  aged  99»  John 
Cottle  Herbert,  esq.,  6tb  son  of  the  lalt 
R.  M.  Herbert,  esq.,  of  Bristol. 

April  9.  At  Rome,  Cardinal  Giulio  Ma* 
ria  della  Somaglia,  Dean  of  the  Sacred 
College,  Bishop  of  Villetri  and  Oslia,  Vice- 
Chancellor  and  Librarian,  Hich  Priest  of 
the  Lateran,  Secretary  of  the  Supreme 
College  of  the  Holy  Office,  Prefect  of  the 
Holy  Congregation  del  Riti  e  Cerimonie^ 
Knight  ci  the  Order  of  St.  Annunziatia,  8co. 
He  was  bom  at  Fiacenza,  the  99th  of  July, 
1749,  and  was  descended  from  one  of  the 
most  distinguished  fSunilies  of  the  country. 
Pius  VI.  raised  him  to  the  dignity  of  Car- 
dinal, June  1,  1795 ;  he  was  afterwards  one 
of  the  party  that  formed  an  q>position  to 
the  administration  of  Cardinal  Gonsalvi, 
and  became  Secretary  of  State  under  Leo 
XII.  Notwithstanding  his  advanced  age, 
he  executed  with  the  greatest  activitv  tna 
duties  of  that  high  office,  and  was  in  all  re* 
spects  a  man  distinguished  bv  multifariottt 
knowledge,  and  was  generally  esteemed. 
He  is  said  to  have  lefi  a  fortune  of  600,000 
scudi,  which  he  has  bequeathed  to  the  Pro- 
paganda. 

April  19.  At  Corfu,  Mary,  wife  of  Capt. 
Davies. 

April  1 5.  At  Perugi,  in  Italy,  aged  194, 
Hipolyto  Bendo.  He  married  a  seomd  wilb 
when  101  years  old,  and  lost  the  use  of  hia 
limbi  ia  1899,  ia  consequence  of  a  &1U 
Pope  XII.  settled  a  pension  upon  the  vete- 
raa  ia  1895.  The  riffours  of  last  wiater 
proved  fittal  to  him.  He  was  abstemious  m 
eating,  but  drank  regularly  six  bottles  of 
wine  per  day ! 

Lately,  At  Abbeville,  aged  39,  Peter 
Joseph  Bertin,  created  D.C.L.  at  Oxford, 
June  96,  1816,  formerly  Superior  of  the 
College  of  Abbeville,  and  Member  of  the 
Academy  of  Amiens.  The  Abb^  Bertin  for 
many  years  resided  in  Oxford,  and  was  a 
teacner  of  the  French  language.  He  was 
presented  to  his  degree  with  the  present 
Archbishop  of  Tours,  a  Peer  of  France, 
when  Dr.  PhilUmore  did  ample  justice  to 
their  meriu ;  and,  as  a  still  further  mark  of 
respect,  the  University  generously  defrayed 
the  expenses  attending  their  honorary  de- 
grees. They  both  resided  in  the  Unlveftity 
as  teachers  of  the  French  language  for  many 
years,  possessed  considerable  talent,  and 
during  the  whole  time  of  their  residence 
acted  with  the  utmost  propriety  and  honour. 


65^  OaiTUARt.  [  VOL.  C. 

At  tile  Cm  of  Good  Hope,  Capt.  Bro-  the  old  MeVhti  Kheii  of  Tu^oC    He  wm 

drick,  99lh  Foot.  e  lieat.-Greoenil  in  the  Russian  army,  and 

At  Chesne,  near  Geneva,  Catherine,  wife  had  the  orders  of  St.  Alexander  Newslrf  and 

of  the  Right  Hon.  Sir  James  Mackintosh.  St.  Wladimir,  and  in  the  course  of  his  long 

Sir  William  Seyraonr,  Jn^^  at  Bombay,  life  distinguished  himself  by  his  unalterable 

son  of   Mr.    Seymoar,    a    Magistrate    at  fidelity  to  Russia.     While  he  was  at  St* 

Brighton.  Petersburgh  he  was  honoured  by  his  Ma* 

In  H.  M.  ship  Sybille,  off  the  coast  of  jesty  with  particular  marks  of  his  esteem. 
Africa,  Alfred-Robert,youngeBt  son  of  Lieut.*         Jutu  I.    In  Guernsey,  aged  95,  Francis 

Gen.  Siade,  of  Mansel-house,  Somerset.  Clayton,  esq*  of  95th  Foot. 

At  Paris,  Charlotte,  eldest  daughter  of         JunelO,    At  Greneva,  aged  80,  Ellzahethy 

Lieut- Gen.  Knollis,  and  niece  to  toe  Hon.  wife  of  Charles  Lloyd,  esq.  late    in   the 

Mrs.  KuoUis.  Civil  Service,  Bensal,  and  daughter  of  the 

In  the  village  of  Zaitsovo,  when  returning  late  Rev.  Mr.  WiTliamty  Rector  of  LUd- 

from  a  visit  to  St.  Peteisbuigh,  aged  88,  bedf. 


ADDITIONS  TO  OBITUARY. 

Vol.  xcix.  il  «74.-*-The  will  of  Colonel  F.  981.— The  Rev.  Robert  Kedingto« 

Beaumont,  late  M.P.  for  Northumberland,  was  the  only  surviving  branch  of  the  ancient 

has    been    proved.      The    personaltv  was  and  respectable  hmiij  of  Kerington  or  Ke* 

60,000/.,  which  is  divided  amongst  nis  fa-  dington,  of  Acton  in  Suffolk.     He  was  So- 

mily.     Mrs.   Beaumont,  the  widow,   is  a  oietary  to  the  General  Committee  of  the 

wealthy  heiress  in  her  own  right,  inheriting  Suffolk  Society  for  the  Eduoation  of  the 

.the  vast  estates  and  productive  lead-mines  Poor  in  the  Principles  of  the  JBetabluhed 

of  the  family  of  BUckett.  Chnrch  i  and  also  of  the  Long  MeUoid  and 

P.  474.— The  will  and  codicils  of  Mar-  Stoke  Benefit  Socie^. 

,garet,  dowager  Countess  of  Clonmel,  have  P.  477.— Thomas  Southwood,  Esq.  ivae» 

been  proved  in  Doctors'  Commons,  and  her  independently  of  other  eitensive  ppopetty, 

personal  property  sworn  to  be  under  70,0001.  Lord  of  the  Manor  of  Taunton  Deanot 

She  disposes  of  a  great  variety  of  jewellery  which  was  purchased  bv  him  a  hw  years 

and  trinkets,  set  in  brilliants,  between  her  ago  of  the  Bishop  of  Winchester,  and  the 

son  the  Ear],  and  her  daughter  the  Countess  rights  and  privilM^es  incidental  to  whioh 

of  Beauchamp;  and,  af^er  bequeathing  se-  Air.  Southwood  revised  with  keen  solicitude, 

veral  legacies  of  trifling  amount,  gives  the  He  was  in  many  respects  of  very  eeeentric 

residue    of  her  property  to  the  Countess  habits— -his  dress  waa  plain,  and  hb  domestic 

of  Beauchamp  for  lifs,  free  from  the  con-  arrangements  of  the  most  frugal  character, 

trol  of  her  present  or  any  future  husband,  generally  dining,  until  lately,  with  his  ser- 

with  power  to  her  to  dispose  of  the  prin-  vanta  in  the  kitchen.    His  aversion  to  the 

cipal  by   will,  and  appoints  her  son  and  female  sex  was  aa  resolute  as  it  was  inex- 

daughter  two  of  the  executors.  plicable.     He  had  but  few  relatives,  and 

P.  648. — Edward  Holiond,  Esq.  of  Ca-  those  of  very  remote  kindred.    The  larger 

vendish-square,   bequeathed  to  the  West-  portion  of  his  property  would,  it  was  con»* 

minster  Infirmary  the  munificent  legacy  of  monly  reported  a  raw  years  ago,  have  been 

lOjOOOZ.;   and  10,000/.  to  the  Middlesex  devised  to  the  late  Lord  Gi&rd,  to  whom 

Hospital ;  besides  other  sums  to  charities.  he  was,  though  very  distantly,  related.    By 

Vol.  c.  i.  p.  91. — Philip  Perry,  Esq.,  lef^  a  recent  will,  however,  the  bulk  of  his  free- 
behind  him  personal  property  to  the  amount  hold  and  personal  estates,  estimated  at  thd 
of  950,000/.  His  freehold  estates  are  esti-  lowest  sum  at  one  hundred  thousand  poundSf 
mated  at  nearly  100,000/.  in  addition.  He  is  beqeaathcd  to  Mr.  Robert  Mattock,  hit 
was  a  member  of  the  family  of  the  great  servant  for  tbirty>three  years,  having  boen 
shipbuilders  at  Blackwall.  placed  in  Mr.  Southwood's  fismily  as  a  pariaH 

r.  190. — ^The  Hon.  Charlotte  Chapman  apprentice. — Mr.  Mattock's  vast  aocessicm 
was  the  fourth  and  yoimgest  dau.  of  Lucius-  of  property  he  had  not  contemplated,  hie 
Charles  sixth  Viscount  Falkland,  by  Jane  whimsical  benefactor  having  merely  intt- 
dowager  Viscountess  Villiers,  and  dau.  and  mated  to  him  tluit  '*  1^  had  left  him  some- 
heiress  of  Richard  Butler,  Esq.  She  was  thing  comfortable,  but  whether  he  had 
married  June  1799,  to  Anthony  Chapman,  given  him  five  shillings  or  ten  shillings  ho 
Esq.  of  Gunville  (not  Grenville)  House,  should  not  say."  The  legaciee  to  other 
Dorset.  Her  sister,  the  Hon.  Marv-Eliza-  persons  amount  to  about  15,000/.  embrscing 
beth  Carey,  was  the  wife  of  the  fate  Dr.  provision  for  several  of  his  other  domestics  t 
Law,  Archdeacon  of  Rochester;  but  died  and  some  estates  of  the  annual  value  of  600JL 
so  long  since  as  17b3.  are  devised  to  a  very  respectable,  but  dia.- 

P.  980.  The  Rev.  Thomas  Brooke  (not  tantly-related  fiunily  at  WelUogton. 
Brookes)  was  of  Exeter  coll.  Oxf.  aC.  L.  1 804 , 
D.C.L.  18 14.     Ho  died  Feb.  f  9,  aged  4a. 


INDEX 


TO  ESSAYS,  DISSERTATIONS,  AMD  HISTORICAL  PASSAGES. 


*9*  Th9  principal  Memoin  in  the  Obituary  are  distinctly  entered  in 

the  •*  Index  to  the  Euayt." 


jicnri,  ntimbert  of  In  tbe  tnimal  crea- 
tion 984 
Jccident,  by  the  explofion  of  a  ibip  71. 
by  the  explosion  of  a  powder- ma^atina 
atShomlaTl.    by  the  bursting  of  a 
tteam  engine  168 
Aeeaueheurf  definition  of  99 
jfehbar,  or  Ukbur,  relipon  of  19»  915 
jffricOf  Lander's  expedition  to  63»  199. 
tattooinic  in    161.     character  of  the 
natiYea  133.     intelli^nce  from  963 
Jgineeurt,  present  site  of  699 
4ialoH,  description  of  343 
j^let,  niles  for  bottlini;  618 
Algier$,  French  expedition  af^nst  456, 
551,  639.     French  resfels  wrecked  on 
the  coait  of  551 
jflphabei  inrented  by  the  Cherokee  In- 
dians 69, 386 
jflphatets,  Eattem^  remarks  on  698 
jimeland.  Lady  Augusta  de,  memoir  of 

474 
America^  Ncrthf  intelligence  from  7l» 

457 
AndfTson,  Dr.  Robertp  memoir  of  375 
Antichritt,  on  the  appearance  of  594 
Antiquariety  Seeiety  tf,  proceedings  65, 

169»954,  359,449.  546 
Antonia,  fortreis  of  136 
Apollo  Epicmiut,  temple  of  394 
Architectural  Derignt  in  the  Royal  Aea* 

demy  447»  540 
Architecture,    of    the    Tudori    33.     of 
Churches  904.     different  styles  of  591 
Argyll  Roomtt  destroyed  by  fire  168 
ArmcUkitaite  Priory^  surrender  of?    990 
Artists,  British,  notices  of  149 
Arundel  Manuscripts,  exchange  of  63 1 
Asbestos,  capable  of  resisting  fire  451 
Asia,  Ancient,  geography  of  53 
Athetwold,  anecdote  of  1 14 
Athenstum  Ctub-House,  described  35 1 
Athens,  antiquities  of  394 
Atreus,  treasury  of,  at  Mycene  499 
Badagry,  residence  at  199i  139 
Bangor,  Druidical  sacrifices  in  66 
Bamham  Pkmity,  pedigree  wanted  98 
Barrington,  ff^m,  2d  Vise,  letters  of  586 
Barry,  the  Artist,  notices  of  149 
Bath,  Isab,  MarcKu  ^,  death  of  476 
Bath  and  Bristol  RcMwayf  advantages 

of  773 
Baitas,  of  Sumatra,  cannibalism  of  341 
Bayotme,  British  cemetery  near  99 
Beach,  Mich.  Hichs,  memoir  of  974 
Beaumaris  Church,  inscription  in  39 
Beaumentp  Col.  will  of  659 
Bee  o/Irvn,  explained  321 


Sedingfeld,  Sir  Richard,  memoir  of  79 
Beer,  reduction  of  Duty  on  969.     bill 

for  throwing  open  the  trade  in  358»  454, 

456, 550,  636 
Bell  of  St.  Chad's,  Shrewsbury,  weight 

of  990 
Bells,  disquisition  on  316 
Belsham,  Rev.  T.  memoir  of  377 
Ben  Lomond,  visit  to  198 
Bencoolen,  character  of  the  natives  of  349 
Benlowes  Family,  notices  of  597 
Bensley,  Sir  fVm.  memoir  of  98! 
Bentley,  Dr.  anecdote  of  389 
Bere,  Miss,  romantic  history  of  613 
Beverley,  historical  notices  of  943-946, 

519*     Percy  monuments  at  909, 993. 

bas  reliefs  in  the  Church  of  919 
Bible  Parties,  impropriety  of  931 
Bible  Society,  on  a  meeting  of  100,  996, 

391 
Bingham f  Gen.  Richard,  memoir  of  86 
Birch,  Rev.  f9^aUer,  memoir  of  184 
Bird,  the  painter,  notices  of  143 
Btrd-cage  ffalh,  in  St.  James's  Park» 

opened  for  carriages  458 
Blahe,  the  Artist,  notices  of  149 
Bolivar,  Simon,  notices  of  49 
Bonfires,  Druidical  use  of  537 
Booh  Sales,  remarks  on  586 
Bouge,  nick-name  of  537 
Bourne,  Dr.  Robert,  memoir  of  375 
Boussa,  visit  to  131 
Bowdeler,  Mrs.  H.  memoir  of  567 
Brazils,  opening  of  the  Legislative  Set- 

sion  639 
Briefs,  on  the  revival  of  904 
Brisbane,  Adm.  Sir  C.  memoir  of  649 
Bristol  Ath/eneum,  to  be  established  457 
Bristol  Cathedral,  descriptive  notices  of 

608 
Bristol   College,  meeting   of   the   tub- 
scribe  rs  559 
BritUh  ArtisttT  Society,  exhibition  of  959 
Bromley  Church,  Kent,  epitaph  in  908 
Brampton,  Holy  Trinity  Church  at  579 
Brooke,  Sir  R.  B,  de  Capell,  memoir 

of  80 
Brown,  Sir  T.  libraries  of  advcrtiaed  515 
^—  Rev.  Thomas,  memoir  of  89 
Budget,  plan  of  969 
Banyan* s  Pilgrim's  Progress,  merits  of 

690 
^tfrciAardlf,  religion  of  IS 
Burial  Grounds,  on  the  removal  of  14 
Burke,  speech  on  the  writings  of  Jnaiva 

404 
Bumahy,  Rev,  7*.  memoir  of  186 
Burton,  Sbr  Cdeath  of  373 


654 


Index  to  Eisays,  &c. 


Burton  Me  Brewers ,  libel  on  458  . 
Byron,  Lordy  biographical    notices    of 
146,147.    character  of  148.  letters  of 
149.  sale  of  his  copy-rights  159«   poe- 
try of  308 
Cacab*nt  explained  332 
Cdimdon,  visit  to  395 
Calcrafi,  Gen,  memoir  of  369 
Caicuttat  panorama  of  25 1 
Cambridge  University,  prize  essays  61, 

159,  545 
Canino,  Etruscan  vases  discovered    at 

162,  352 
Cannibalism,  instance  of  341 
Cante^'bury  Railway,  opening  of  458 
CapistriSt  explained  321 
Cardinals,  English  103 
Carey,  Dr.  J.  memoir  of  376 
Carhampton  Hundred,  description  of  344 
Carnarvon  Castle,  notices  of  152 
Carpenter's  *'  Scripture  Difficulties,"  no- 
ticed 2 
Cassan,  Rev,  J,  memoir  of  568 
Cassiterides,  on  the  isles  named  of  42 
CathoUes,  bills  in  favour  of  454,  550 
Ctltie  Aniiquities,  remarks  on  405 
Cemetety,  near  Bayonne  22 

Metropolitan,  351,  552 

Chabert,  M.  fire* king,  an  impostor  168 
Chamberlayne,  W,  memoir  of  87*  98 
Chancery  Court,  defects  in  203.    reme- 
dies ib, 
Otapman,  Hon.  Charlotte,  memoir  of  652 
Oiapter -house ^u\\en\.oty  of  records  in  i  1 8 
Charles  IL  unsettled  tiroes  of  621 
Cherokee  Indians,  alphabet  invented  by 

62,  386 
Chevenix,  Rich,  memoir  of  562 
Chevert,  Francois  de,  monument  to  307 
Chivahy,  historical  notices  of  433 
Christmas  Drama  of  St.  George  505 
CArono/o^i  Scripture  computation  of  627 
Church,  bints  as  a  guide  to  the  232.    on 
improvement  of  benefices  392.    reve- 
nues of  431 
Church  Bells,  disquisition  on  316 
Church-yards,  pasturing    cattle  in  cen- 
sured 5B9 
Churches,  impropriety  of  Wardmotes  in 
16.     architectural  repairs  of  32.    no- 
tices of  St.  Martin's,  St.  Edmund's, 
and  St.  Thomas's,  Salisbury  406-408 
Churches,  Neu),  in.London  529-530.    St. 
John's   Chapel,    Fulham    577*     Holy 
Trinity  Chnrcb,  Brompton    579.    at 
Stoke-upon-Trent  584 
Ciliciopro  ^rf/rtizo  explained  322 
Clapham,  Rev,  S.  mt-moir  of  646 
Clapperion,    Capt.  expedition    to  Africa 

129.    death  and  funeral  of  132 
Classical  Memoranda  291,  387,  487 
Cleasley,  manor  of  sold  457 
^^^Sy*  obligations  of  238 
Clergymen,  on  intrusive  100,  296,  391 
Clijfford,  Arthur,  memoir  of  274 
Clinton,iAeut.'Gtn,  Sir  H,  memoir  of  1 72 
Uinton  FamUy,  notices  of  31,  I97>  290 


Clonmel,  Countess,  will  of  652 

Coach  Proprietors,  bill  for  protecting  549 

Coffin,  Major-Gen.  J,  P,  memoir  of  369 

Cvins,  one  of  Rich.  II.  640.  Roosan  ones 
found  in  France  67 

Collins,  Thoi,  memoir  of  474 

—  the  poet,  particulars  of  wanted  488 

Cologne,  Three  Kings  o/  3 1 8 

Columbus,  notices  of  338 

Columnar  architecture  546 

Compounds,  English  formation  of  309, 
503 

Constnntine,  Gfo.anecdotes  of  66, 162,537 

Cork  Harbour,  telegraphs  for  639 

Coronation  chair  4 1 

Courtenay  Atms  Houses,  Tavistock,  no- 
ticed 494 

Courts  ofJustice^  bill  for  amending  356, 
550.    on  modern  reform  in  414 

Cove,  Rev.  Dr.  M.  memoir  of  648 

Coventry,  Hon.  J.  death  of  79 

Ci-oss,  G,  R,  memoir  of  566 

Crowndale,  near  Tavistock,  noticed  494 

Curates,  number  io  England  and  Wales 
640 

Cuvier,  cosmogony  of  434 

Qfclopes,  historical  notices  of  438 

Datmally,  description  of  397 

Dalrymple,  Gen.  Sir  H  fF'.  memoir  of 
558 

Dammius*i  Lexicon,  critique  on  291 

Danish  Forts,  Ireland,  ancient  Jug  found 
in  306, 415, 482 

DofUfe,  Geo,  memoir  of  182 

Dead  Sea,  on  the  formation  of  534 

De  Crespigny,  Sir  HT.  C  memoir  of  81 

Delegates,  Court  off  two  undecided  eases 
dismissed  74 

Demosthenes,  oratory  of  615 

Deptford  Dockyard,  establishment  bro- 
ken up  360 

Depyngs,  explained  322 

Diamond,  qn  the  early  use  of  57 

*'Dido,"  Marlowe's  tragedy  of  814 

Digby,  Sir  K.  a  character  in  his  Me- 
moirs 205.    his  Spanish  amour  ib. 

Diorama,  Oxford-street  447 

Distress^  prevalence  of  72, 106, 259,  260, 
261.    debates  on  262,  263 

Domestic  Economy ^  among  our  ancestors 
426 

Dominicans,  called  black  friars  194. 
in  France  sometimes  named  white 
friars  307 

Downing,  F,  memoir  of  280 

Downs,  J,  Z>.  memoir  of  280 

Draget,  explained  321 

Drama,  early  writers  of  3, 122,  222,318, 
593-597.  of  France  159.  bill  for  regulat- 
ing the  copyright  of  264.  Rev.  J. 
Plumptre's  remarks  on  585 

Druidical  Sacrifices,  in  Bangor  66 

Drummond,  Rev,  Dr.  E,  A.  Hay^  me- 
moir of  88 

Dundty,  church  and  antiquities  of  105 

Durham,  North,  notices  of  321,  426 

Earthquake,  in  Wallachia  70 


/Midr  to  Eti€fff,  Sse. 


d5& 


£asit  travtli  in  the  S4S 
£ati  AmgHa^  VoeabuUry  of  37 
East  HawL^  church  of  498 
East  Itu/ies,  intelligence  from  71 
Eccletkutieal  Courts^  commiMion  for  in- 

qoirinjc  info  the  ahutet  of  79 
''Edward  //."  Marlowe't  tragedy  of  593 
Egrricmf  lUt.  Sir  P,  G,  memoir  of  79 
Egypt,  political  improve  men  ts  in  71 
EHxahetk,  Quetn^  grammaMchool  of  in 

SoutUwark  66 
Ellenb&rough,  l^ord^  divorce  bill  of  8S7 
Englith  Language^   rvmarki   on    439* 

corruptions  of    501.      compounds    of 

309.  503 
English  Opera  H^vse,  burnt  168 
Engravmgs,  tale  of  851.  claim  of  artists 

to  retain  copies  decided  against  S64 
Enihtuiasm,  vanity  of  233 
Episcopal  Interference,  remarks  on  100 
Established  Church,  abuses  iu  454 
Estimates,  reductions  in  958,  S60 
Etna,  eruption  of  551 »  639 
Etruria,  ineient  tombs  of  35S 
Etruscan  yases  discovered  at  Can i  no  163. 

352 
Evesham  Jhhep,  seal  of  310,  392 
Excursion  in  1828,  406,  580 
Exeter,  seal  of  Tbumas  Dene,  prior  of 

305 
Farguhar,  Sir  R,  T,  memoir  of  4^ 
•'  Fatutus,  Doctor,**  tragedy  of  593 
Fevers,  of  the  West  lndie«  and  Gibraltar 

451 
Field  nftlic  Cloth  of  Cold  348 
Ftres,   at  Slieerness   73.     Hincbinbrook 

House    168.     Reiidle»ham  House  168. 

at  the  Arf:>ll  Rooms  168.  the  English 

Opera-house     168.      Fetter-lane   360, 

Aldifii's  plan  for  preserving  from  451 

Eire  ff^orthip^  account  of  54 

Fish  and  Ring ^  represented  in  tbe  church 

uf  Peterchurch  317,415 
Fitz-Jord,  near  Tavistock,  notices  of  49) 
FUz  Gerald,  Mrs.  memoir  of  182.  notice 

of  290 

fy,  T.  bis  desrent,  241,  386 

Fttxrotft  t-Xird  C,  memoir  of  78 
Foe,  Daniel  de^  bankruptry  of  515 
Foley,  Capt,  R.  memoir  of  279 
**  Footf*  expUnation  of  2 
Eorby,  Rep,  Robert ^  ni>tices  of  37 
Forgery,  Dili  for  mitigating  (be  puniib- 

ment  of  357,  548,  5.50,  636 
Four  per  Cents,  H'lW  for  reducing  336,358, 
Framlingham  Castle,  seal  of  306 

549 
France,  intelligence  from  70,  ^63,  4.S6, 

551.     opening  of  the  Chamber*  263. 

ecclesiastical  power  iu  435 
Francis,  Sir  P.  author  of  Junius  201 
Francis  I.  times  of  133 
Eraser,  j4dm,  memoir  of  277 
Free,  Rev.  Dr.  sentence  against  168 
Fulham,  St.  John's  Chapel  at  577 
Fuller,  limj,  memoir  of  375 
Fuseli,  tbe  painter,  notices  uf  143 


CamUk^  DmMp  aa«6dotef  of  g 
Garih'i  •<  UiHWMwy  "  noticed  386 
Garth,  Gem.  T,  neraoir  of  85 
Gastric  Jmiee,  properties  of  811 
Gataher,  That,  literary  peeuliaritiet  of  487 
Gate,  meaning  of  519 
Gazettes,  Lessdom,  extracts  from  514 
Geology  of  the  Earth,  changes  in  434 
George  IV,  bill  respecting  bis  sign  mm-> 
nual548»549.    death  of  483.  Wilkie's 
picture  of  his  visit  to  Edinburgh  445 
German  Grammar,  defects  of  308 
Germany,  intelligence  from  551 
Gibraltar,  fevers  of  451 
Gipseys,  remarks  on  108 
Glasgow,  visit  to  127 
Gloucester  Catheoraly  notices  of  441 
**  Goblin  Builders,**  story  of  329 
Goring,  Chas,  memoir  of  87, 98 
Gospel  Preachers,  remarks  On  832 
Goihie  jtrchUocture,  origin  of  521 ,  535 
Gould,  E,  T.  memoir  of  47 1 
Comer's    monument   at    St.   Saviour's, 

Southwark  401 
Cowrie  Conspiracy,  remarks  on  430 
Graves,  Thsmas  Lord,  memoir  of  867 
Groir'f  «  Bard;*  Knight's  version  of  889 
Greece,  intelligence  from  70,  457.     re- 
venues and  expenditure  of  70.    Prince 
Leopold  declines  the  sovereignty  of  548 
Greek  inscription  reading  backwards  and 
forwards  307,487.     of  St.  Luke  888. 
similarity  of  to  Latin  487 
Greeks,  architecture  of  429 
Crimaidi,  fF.  memoir  of  566 
Grindall,  Mr.  trial  respecting  tbe  pro- 
perty of  360 
Guile  firidl^e,  Tavistock,  notices  of  491 
Gumption,  eaplanation  of  88 
Gustavus  Adolphui,  Arnaolt's  tragedy  of 

159 
Hacks,  explained  331 
Halhed,  N,  B,  memoir  of  471 
Hamilton,  visit  to  127 
Hamilton,  Dr.  R.  memoir  of  564 
Hampden, «/.  on  the  disinterment  of  9 
Harberton,  Henry  Fisc.  memoir  of  77 
Harvey,  Jdm,  Sir  £.   memoir  of  865. 

wifeof  386.  483. 
Hatch,  Rev.  7^o.  anecdotes  of  ^0 
Hathaway,  R.  tried  for  witchcraft  27 
Halton  JJbrary,  sale  of  586 
Haydon*s  Pictures,  described  250.    raf- 
fled for  348 
Haynes,  Joseph,  memoir  of  379,  565 
Hebrew   Poetry   592.      computation  of 

time  627 
Henry  IF.  of  France,  assassination  of  9 
Hexhamj^bbey  Church,  reparations  in  1 69 

a04 
Higgins,  Godfrey,  opinions  of  Mahomet 

10,  112,214 
Highlands,  walk  through  the  186,   198, 

395,  601 
Hinchinbrook  //oKje  destroyed  by  fire  168 
Hindoo  fFidows,  burning  of  abolished 
71,457 


6S6 


Index  to  Estayt,  8(C. 


Hindoo  fTorsh^,  rin|^  emblematic  of  631 
Hoddetdon,  seal  of  the  hospital  of  306 
HoUondf  Edw,  bequests  of  652 
Horace,  obscure  passage  in  488 
Hover-hawk,  habits  of  418 
Howdenthire,  on  the  history  of  3S0 
Hull,  public  subscription  rooms  building 

at  639 
Hullockf  Mr.  Baron,  memoir  of  241 
Humane  .  Society,    anniversary  of    360. 

utility  of  539*  priie  medal  of  545 
Hungerford  Market,  revival  of  264 
Hurdwick,  near  Tavistock*  account  of  494 
Hypocaust,  model  of  a  Sicilian  65 
Jl/ord,  iMtle,  church  of  497 
India,  intelligence  from  457 
Insects,  economy  of  55.    natural  history 

of  247 
Inverary,  description  of  396 
Ireland,  number  of  labourers  from  73. 
On  the  policy  of  poor  laws  in  235»  262. 
distress  in  236,  639-  ordnance  survey 
of  451.  bill  for  abolishing  the  office  of 
Lord  Lieutenant  454.    motion  on  the 
First  Fruits  of  455.    political  associa- 
tion abolished  457*     peerages  of  583. 
prize  essays  on  631.    insubordination 
in  636 
Iremonger,  Rev,  L,  memoir  of  570 
Irwins,  of  Devonshire,  family  of  194 
Italy,  intelligence  from  70,  457 
Jenkins,  Rev.  J.  memoir  of  89 
Jerusalem,  Patriarck  ff,  influence  of  599 
Jesuits,  books  of  burnt  in  Paris  2,  201, 
404,  405.  destruction  of  in  France  403 
Jews,  ancient  architecture  of  135.  histo- 
rical notices  of  137.      civil  disabilities 
of  151.    bill  for  emancipating  358, 
455.     conversion  of  360. 
"  Jew  of  Malta,"  tragedy  of  593 
Johnson,  Dr.  Sam.  anecdotes  of  295 
—  Sir  John,  memoir  of  364 
Jordan,  Mrs.  epitaph  on  592 . 
Jug,  ancient,  found  intheDanish  Forts, 

Ireland  306,  415,  483     . 
Junius,  on  the  author  of  2,  301,  404, 

405 
Jupiter  Olymjpius,  temple  of  324 
Justice,  bill  for  the  administration  of 

356, 550 
Kamchatka,  travels  in  532 
Keating,  Major,  memoir  of  370 
Kellie,  Methven,  Earl  of^  memoir  of  77 
Ken,  Bp.  character  of  345.  times  of  424 
Kennicott,  Mrs.  memoir  of  374 
Keystone  Jrch,  antiquity  of  422 
Kilwarden,  John,  Ftsc.  memoir  of  642 
Kihvorthy,  near  Tavistock,  notices  of  493 
Kinglet,  improper  use  of  the  word  308 
Kinnaird,  Hon.  D.  memoir  of  465 
Klose,  F.  J.  memoir  of  472 
KnigJU,  Payne,  Greek  version  of  Gray's 

«'  Bard  "  389 
Knox,  John,  character  of  517 
Koran,  precepts  of  1 1 
Labourers*  Wages,  bill  fur  regulating  358 


Lacer,  lsabeUa,>e!p\ihph  on  208: 
Ixtlly  Tokndal,  Marq.  de,  memoir  of  461 
Lambeth  Palace,  rebuilding  of  394 
Lanark,  New,  visit  to  126 
Lancashire,  traditions  of  329 
Ijander's  expedition  to  Afriea  63,129,161 
Language,  stray  thoughts  an  308 
Law  Courts,  proposed  alterations  in  856f 

550 
Law  Institution,  new  building  for  75 
Law  Reform,  impolicy  of  412 
Lawrence,  Sir  T.  memoir  of  174.    fune- 
ral of  179.  will  of  285.    list  of  his  pur- 
traits  exhibited  at  the  Royal  Academy 
633 
Ijuar  House  at  Tavistock  489 
Leatkef  Tax,  proposed  repeal  of  S6S 
/.mA,  when  assumed  by  the  Welsh  ?  296 
Ijcopard,  ferocious  attaek  of  a  74 
Le^ld,  Prince,  deolines  the  soveragnty 

of  Greece  548 
LethieulUer,  Suutrt,  biographical  notleet 

of  497 
Levis,  Duke  de,  memoir  of  461 
Lewes*  Inn  Priory,  Southwarkf  remains 

of  66,  290,  297 
Lifford,  Fuc.  memoir  of  461 
Limerick,  druidical  works  in  256.    dis- 
turbances at  639 
Upari,  the  island  of  65 
Lister,  Dr.  Wm.  memoir  of  663 
iMerary  Fknd  Society, M,jkm99T%wrf  of  458 
Liturgy,  on  the  improvement  of  58 
Llewellyn,  heroism  of  1 5 1 
Lock  Lomond,  visit  to  198 
Locke,  John,  anecdote  of  327 
local  JwriidietioH,  hill  for  regulating  550 
London,  buildings  of  described  529, 530 
London  Bridge,  original  structure  of  256, 

894 
London  University,  priies  of  450 
Longespi,  Sir  W.  (Utiilar  Earl  of  SsIist 

bury)  vMlour  of  438 
Louis  XrilL  court  of  51 
I^oyala,  Ignattus,  character  of  434 
«  Lust*s  Dominion,**  tragedy  of  5 
Luton  Park,  described  242 
Luxmoore,  Bp.  memoir  of  S72 
Madan,  CoL  W.  C.  memoir  of  470 
Magdeburg,  descriptive  account  of  195 
MalcsadtUe  explidoed  321 
Matmesbury,  state  of  during  the  civil 

war  504 
Malt  Duties,  petitions  for  repeal  of  73. 

Bill  for  amending  358 
Man-midwife,  de6iiition  of  29 
Maria,  Ifffantarf  Spain,  character  of  S07 
Marlowe,  Ckristopker,  life  and  writings 

of  3,  121,  222,  318,  593-597 
Market  Ctosset,  ancient  uses  of  &1 9 
Markets,  prices  of  94,  190, 886, 882,  478, 

574 
Marriage,  rules  for,  time,  &e.  591 
J/i?r>*i4i^e« solemnized  at  private  chapelt  8 
**  Massacre  at  Paris,*''  play  of  594 
Massoura,  assault  on  438 


index  to  EMsayi,  Ire. 


«5r 


JlimihemM^  Sir  TohU,  not  a  puintiv  906 
Afajnteii,  Gen.  Sir  J.  //.  OMiDoir  ol  3G4 
Afessnte,  enlrmice  f^ate  to  t lie  city  o(324. 

walls  of  39& 
Metewohgical  Diaty  96,  19$,  S89,  384, 

480,  576 
AStrhirougk^  John  £mrl,  nMinoir  of  363. 

titiet  of  S83 
Maeieot  commotiont  in  264 
Atedieimf  on   fouudins  a  faculty  of  7. 

study  uf  537 
MeHtc»Botanicai  SsciWy,  roecti  ngt  of  S&3, 

350,  450,  544 
Middletofi^  Sir  fF.  F,  meiMoir  of  80 
Midwife^  definition  of  99 
Mlmt,  Somikt  church  and  monuments  1 10 
MitU,  rubbery  at  74 
Mitnomnie§9  inutility  of  323 
Mitekam,  almshousef  at  901,  990 
M^ltUnia,  state  uf  religion  in  485, 599 
MonektoH,  Hnu  J*  memoir  of  17 1 
Bhmeri^f  Gen,  memoir  of  376 
Atamtagu^  Jda^  Sir  <?.  memoir  of  89 
Mb/U  Slant,  Ur.  C:iarke*t  aseent  451 
Aitmigomer^t  Sir  H.  C,  memoir  of  973 
AtmUrmif  Roman  Catholic  church  in  79 
Aftre,  Sir  T.  noticrt  of  435 
ASvrtUt  traveU  in  499 
Alm-elamd,  Sir  S.  B»  memoir  of  465 
Aiomimg  Jommal,  judfment  agaiiitt  for 

libel  168.    remnrki  on  960 
Jfervcro,  iritit  to  963 
Af»rris,  Adm,  Sir  J.  Af.  memoir  of  467 
Mhrialii^,  Bill  of  94,  190,  986,  389,  478. 

574 
AUriimtr  Pedigree f  noticed  399 
Aformeit  //air«r,  Tavistock,  noiiced  494 
Afotaic  ff^orks,  exhibition  of  950 
Afount  Tabor^  description  of  534 
Ahtkamtmed,  life  and  opinions  of  10, 1 19, 

914,916 
Afa//,  visit  to  60 1 
Atumrof  Sir  T.  biographical    notices  of 

995-998 
Murder,  at  OddingUy  167 
Ahirpk^,  James,  his  drawings  of  Batalha 

presented  to  the  Society  of  Antiquaries 

66,  169 
Aiyeen^^  architecture  at  499,  498 
Nagle,  jidm.  Sir  E.  memoir  of  469 
AameM,  Pt^eper,  on  the  origin  of  998 
Nanierre^  description  of  !>88 
Natural  Hitterp,  on  the  study  of  55, 599 
Afaval  Uni/ermst  on  the  origin  of  956 
NervouM  Diterdert,  remarks  on  693 
AHker lands,  imelligence  from  963,  551 
Kewcasile  and  CarUsle    Raiiwaj^    com- 
menced 359 
Newrp,  wreck  of  the  506 
NicaiU,  Gen,  Oliver,  memoir  of  85 
Northern  /i^r/irw*,  establishment  of  1 19 
Norwwk,  vaults  in  the  chalk  beneath  955 
Not*a  Scotia,  rtdlfge  established  in  71 
Oakelejf,  Rev,  Dr.  //.  memoir  of  569 

GssT.  Mag.  Suppl.  Vol.  C.  Part  I. 


Oek/enseM^gtr^  bonouvt  paid  to  70 
Oddmglep,  oi)tterlous  murder  at  167 
f^pteihe  painter,  notices  of  143 
Ordf  Craven,  second  sale  of  his  MSS.954 
Oriel,  derivation  of  956,  S59 
OmOkotogif,  on  the  nomenclature  of  4 1€ 
Ottoman  Haoe,  cruehlet  of  13 
Ourang  Ontang,  physiology  of  593 
Oxford  Catkedralf  architecture  of  339 
Oxford  UntvertOp,  pHteEssayt545.  com- 

memuraiion  631 
Painted  Glass  at  St.  Neot*s,  Cornwall  333 
Painting,  among  the  ancients  255,  698 
Pakinglon,  Sir  J,  memoir  of  555 
Pandoratorium  explained  399 
Paper  Oirrencf,  di»c)uiaiiion  on  337 
Parisk  Priest,  picture  of  a  conscientious 

one  101 
Park,  Ainngo,  death  of  131 
Parker,  Sir  9V,  memoir  of  556 
Parlimnmsi,   proceedings   in    164,    958, 

356,  453,  548,  6i6 
Parlinmeniary  Refsrm,  remarks  on  516. 

motions  on  548 
Parr,  Dr.  anecdote  of  483 
Peel,  Sir  R.  memoir  of  556 
Peerages  of  Ireland,  remarks  on  583 
Penrose,  Adm,  Sir  C.  f^.  memoir  of  366 
Percff  monuments  at  B<  verley  909,  993 
Perry,  P.  perfonal  properly  of  659 
Peterborougk  Cathedral,  architecture  of 

339 
Pelerekurek,  co.   Here^rd,    diurch   of 

903,  303.  bat-relief  of  a  fish  317,  415 
Pett,  Arckd.  memoir  of  567 
Pkaraoh  Necko,  notices  of  699 
Pkjfsicians,  Ollegeof,  meeting  of  264, 451 
Pkjfsisrama,  OxkNrd  Street  447 
l*icardy,  bad  roods  in  £99 
Pilgrimages,  policy  «if  488 
Pitnef,  Roman  villa  at  17,  546 
Plimpton,  Devon,  description  of  304 
Poetry,  rhythmua  of  599 
Pointed  Areh,  origin  of  535,  536 
Poison,  singular  effects  of  893 
PoHHeal  Ecmsomfj  disquisition  on  336 
Pomfret,  George  Earl  ^,  memoir   of 

555 
Pompeii,  paint  inga  lately  found  at  W 
Poor,  on  the  employ ment  of  58 
Poor  lAiws,  on  the  policy  of  In  Ireland 

235,  969 
Popery,  dangers  of  916 
Portiskead  Cknrek,  repairs  of  39.   chairt 

presented  to  904 
Portugal,  t^taen  rf,  memoir  of  I7 1 
Pomell,  Rev,  G.  memoir  of  979 
Powis,  H  A.  Cjmntess  of,  memoir  of  573 
Presbyterian  Ckurck  of  Scotland,  ufaer- 

vationson  517 
Prescott,  Adm,  memoir  of  559 
/'rt«/efiC4iiirA,8osses,  paintings  ac  449 
Pretty,  Copt,  inqttines  after  9 
Prince,  Rev,  Dr.  T.  memoir  of  473 


65S 


Index  to  Euatfs,  Stc 


Printers*  Pension  Society,  notice  of  539 
Printing,  early  use  in  England  S20       .    , 
Prior  the  poet's  uncle,  anecdote  uf  514 
Privy  Council,  motion  fur  the  salaries  of 

the  members  of  454 
Pronunciation,  remarks  on  309 
Prophecies,  remarks  on  5S3 
Pryme,  Sir  S,  character  of  400 
Pulipike,  explained  321 
Puritanism,  absurdity  of  335 
Q,  on  the  origin  of  the  letter  487 
Jiaffles,  Sir  S,  memoir  of  340 
Railway  Carriages,  described  553 
/faiVtrer^^^betweenNewcastle  and  Cftrlisle 

359.     from  Canterbury  to  Wbit&table 

45B.     between  Liverpool  and  Newton 

640.     advantages  of  552 
Rattlesnakes,  den  of  457-     pigs  dreaded 

by  608 
Redesdale,  John  Ijofd,  memoir  of  267 
Reform,  Parliamentary,  remarks  on  516. 

motions  on  548 
Rendlesham  House  desiroyeA  by  fire  168 
Rennell,  Major,  memoir  of  561 
Reyn- stanes,  txpldiuifd  Z2\ 
Reynolds,  Rev.  T.  memoir  of  373 
Revenue,  abstract  of  the  75 
Richard  If,  historical  notices  of  41 
Richter,  J,  P.  h\  poverty  of  56 
RifacimetUo,  ufte  of  308 
Rigmaiden,  family  of  305 
Ripon  Minster,  cist  of  repairing  254 
Roman  Filla  at  Pitney  17 
Romsey,  descriptive  notices  of  581 
Roscommon  Peerage,  on  the  allowance  of 

194 
Rose,  Grecian,  disquisition  on  630 
Round  Towers  of  Norfolk  and  Suflfolk  536 
Rowe's  •SAaJb/>«ar^9  advertisement  of  515 
Royal    Academy,    exhibition   444,   540. 

list  of  Sir  Thomas  Lawrence's  portraits 

exhibited  at  633 
Royal  Institution,  meeting  of  451 
Royal  Society,  proceedings  of  62,  253, 

350,449,544 
Royal  Society  of  Literature,  meeting  of 

450.     report  of  the  papers  read  627 
Ruel,  in  France,  described  588 
/?Mna»t/#,  explanation  of  321 
Russia,  news  from  70.    notices  of  619 
Sailors,  character  of  525 
St.  Cross,  church  of  described  582 
St.  Eloi,  derivation  ol  405 
St.  Eustache,  church  of  at  Paris  307 
St.  George,  Christmas  drama  of  505 
St.  Germain-en-laye,  description  of  588 
St.  Katherines  Docks,  meeting  of  the 

proprietors   74.      wharf    for    landing 

359 

St.  Martinis  Churchy  stone  coffin  in  407 

St.  SeoVs,  painted  glass  at  333 

St.  Saviour's,  S(»uthwark,  on  the  re- 
pairs of  103,  402.  Gower's  monument 
ill  401 

Saints,  Modern,  officiousness  of  426 


Salisbury,  arrhifeMure  of  the  rithedral 
406.     churches  of  described  406-408  - 
.5a//Ks/,  style  of  616 
Sanders,  Rev.  J.  B.  memoir  of  47 
Sandfiird,  Bp.  memoir  of  272 
Sandwich  Priory,  founder  of  3 1 , 1 97, 290 
Saunapes,  explained  321 
Saxon  School,  at  Tavistock  219 
Scarborough  Museum,  opening  of  359 
Schools,  Public,  advantages  of  424 
Science,  practical  results  of  229 
Scotland,  Presbyterian   church  of   517. 

historical  notices  of  518 
Scott,  Sir  Claude,  memoir  of  467 

Sir   ffTilter,  inaccuracies   in    his 

"  Provincial  Antiquities"  24 
Sculpture,  progress  of  46.  ancient  cha- 
racteristics uf  137.  Grecian  138 
Seals,  Ancient,  exhibited  to  the  Society 
of  Anfiquaiies  65,255,  449;  of  George 
Rvgmayden,  and  uf  'Thomas  D«sie, 
Prior  of  Exeter  305.  one  found  atWiti- 
chesfer  ib.  of  Hoddesdon-  Hospital, 
and  of  Framlingbaro  Castle  306.  re- 
marks on  Evesham  Abtey  seal  310. 
English  legends  on  3 1 1 ,  392.  Tavistock 
Abbey  seal  494  •  • 

Sempill,  Hugh  Lord,  memoir  of  363 
Seymour,  tjtrd  H»  memoir  of  363 
Shaftesbury,  3d  Earl,  ai.ecdot es  of  327    - 
Shakxpeare,  dramatic   writers  who  pre- 
ceded 3,  121,  222.318,  593-597.  com- 
memorative festival  at  Stratford-upon- 
Avon  457.    monument  to  the  memory- 
of  545.  passage  in  illustrated  590 
Shares,  prices  of  95,  191>  287,  383,  479, 

575 
Sheet  ness,  fire  at  73 
Sheppard,  J.  W,  memoir  of  374 

Family,  of  Suffolk,  account  of  398, 

510 
Sherbrooke,  Gen.  Sir  J,  C.  memoir  of  558 
Sheriffs  f Of  \%3Q,\^ 
Shumla,  description  of  234 
Siberia,  travels  in  532 
Sidney,  Algernon,  anecdote  of  327 
Sign  Manual  Bill  548,  549 
Slave  Population  in  Demerara  72 
Smith,  Lieut.  Col.  J.  memoir  of  559 
Soccatoo,  visit  to  1 32 
Sodor  and  Mann,  Bp.  not  a  peer  2 
Somersadill,  explained  322 
South  African  College,  opening  of  64 
Southwood,  Thos.  character  of  652 
Spelman,  MSS.  of  advertised  515 
Spencer,  Hon,  and  Rev.   G.  apostacy  of 

103,194,215 
Spires,  used  for  landmarks  521,  5S5 
Spirits,  alterations  in  the  duties  262 
Spoon/ulls,  correctness  of  the  word  308    • 
Squirrel  Seal,  explained  3 1 1 ,  392 
Stage-coach  Travelling,  rise  and  progress 

of  18 
Stained  Glass,  in  the  Church  window  of  • 
Siokeupon-Trent  583 


Index  io  Essays,  S(C, 


659 


Siautp  Ihtiies^  riMiolutiont  on  358 
SittnUff,  Highi  Hvn.  Hnns^  Icitert  to  596 
Stetim-boatnt  incrmKe  of  559 
Stewart,  Major- Gen.  D.  ni«»inoir  of  276 
Stocks,  price*  of  96,l92,988,384,4dO,&76 
Stoke  upon-Trent,  new  rhurch  At  &83 
Strat/ord'VpoH'Jvon,  fritival  in  honour 

of  Shiiks|>ear«>  457 
Stuart,  Major-Gen,  C  memoir  of  470     \ 
Stukeltp,  fyr.  buri;ilpliire  of  601 
Stifle,  JSliz,  comricted  of  witclirnifi  25 
Suf^ar,  reduction  of  duties  on  636,  638 
5^11,  spots  in  the  64 
Suppljf,  discussion  on  the  356, 357,  453 
Surnames,  on  the  oripii  of  S98 
Suttres,  IQ  Indix,  iiholi«hed  71,  457 
Sweden,  intr Itifreiice  from  70 
•*  Thmburlane  the  Tartar,**  pl^y  of  595 
Tankard,  en^rAvrd  woodrn  352 
Taswett,  Ixike,  memoir  of  375 
TW/tfofff/T)  in  Africa  I6l 

Tavistock,  notices  of  II3II8,  216-221, 
419,  489-495.  BritiUi  monuments  and 
Saxon  school  at  219.  church  of  220. 
Si.  John's  and  St.  Mar|carpt*s  chapels 
490.  Abbey  common  seal  494.  pui- 
ftes^ions  of  the  abliey  495 
Taxes,  injurious  effects  of  617 

Taylor,  JJeut.-tjoL «/.  memoir  of  369 
—  Rev,  J.  memoir  of  378 

Tea,  ffftfcts  of  618 

Temple,  Sir  IV.  letters  of  noticed  514 

Temples,  of  the  Grtcks  324 

Tessellated  Pavements,  subjects  of  46 

Tewkesbury,  histurical  notices  of  605 

Thames  Tunnel,  remarks  on  584 

Theatres,  of  the  Greeks  429 

Theatrical  Fund,  founder  of  128 

Theatrical  Register  75,  168, 360, 458 

Thoresly,  Ralph,  diary  of  153 

Tiber,  antiquities  in  the  457 

Tiemeu,  Right  Hon.  G,  memoir  ol  5^8. 
family  of  293,  386 

Tuhes,  petition  for  alterinff  the  laws  of 
72.  nieetitif;  relative  to  74.  Bill  for 
the  compiisilion  of  264,  454 

Tobacco  Duties,  resolutions  on  358 

Tomhoro  Mountain,  eruption  of  342 

Tombs,  of  Etruria  353 

Tooke,  IV.  Eyton,  mcmoii;,of  185 

TWcr  ^ /v«»</aii,  notices  of  144.  inscrip- 
tion found  in  254 

Tomnsend,  Betty,  convicted  of  witch- 
craft 107 

Townson,  Dr.  Thomas,  discouries^  and 

rormoirt  of239 
TVaM/Zin^,  stace-coach,  history  of  18 
Trenchard,  fVm.  memoir  of  87 
TrinitarianiMm,  remarks  on  98 
Troughton,  Rich.  |K;tition  of  536 
Tucker,  Bcnj.  memoir  of  88 


T\tdor  Jrehiitetmre,  exemplars  of  33 
Turkey,  noticetof  12,  70,  233,  534 
TyWiu,  observat  ions  on  428 
Upham,  Mr.  opinions   respecting  Mu- 

bammed  10,  112,814 
Usury  BUI  453 

Value,  fluctuations  in  the  standard  612 
Viget's  Greek  Idioms,  critique  on  299 
Vtolet  of  the  ancients  256 
Virgil,  passaj^e  in  illustrated  387 
IVales,  Bill  for  the  adolnitt  ration  of  Jus- 
tice in  550 
fVallarhia,  slate  of  relij^ion  in  485,  599  ■ 
JVanstead  House,  de«criution  of  497 
IVardmotesin  C%MrcAr#,improprietyor  16 
Warminster,  new  church  and  town  ball 

buildinic  at  3^9 
tVarner,  Rev,  R.  literary  anecdotes  613 
IVaierpark,  Riehd.  Lord,  memoir  of  642 
fVatson,  Dr.  Joseph,  memoir  of  183 
IVeatker,  severity  of  73 
IVel4t  HfV'  I>r-  created  Cardinal  103 
IVelsh  Ijeek,  when  assumed  ?  296 
IVendU  explained  322 
tVest,  Benj.  biographical  notices  of  142 
fVe^  Indies,  news  from  72.  fevers  of  451 
fVestmoreland,  the  last  Nevills,  Earls  of 

499 
fVeston,  Rev.  Stephen,  memoir  of  370 
/Vey mouth,  historical  notices  of  612 
fVhaplode  Church,  device  in  204,591 
fVheler,  Sir  T.  memoir  of  364 
IVhUby  Abbey,  fall  of  the  to#er  639 
IVhilehall   Chapel,   preachersbips    abo- 
lished 75 
fVho  ami  fVhich,  distinction  of  310 
Wigg',  Lilly,  memoir  of  184 
fVilliam  IV.  proclaimed  King  484.  mcs« 

sage  from  637.    address  to  638 
fVilliams,  Sir  J.  H,  memoir  of  80 
fVilmshmrsi's  painted  window  of  the  Field 

of  Cloth  of  Gold  348 
Wilson,  Rtv.  D.  reply  to  Mr.  Bowles  S3 
fVinchesier,  seal  found  at  305.  cburelict 

of  583 
fVinchestcr  Castle,  ancient  hall  at  204 
fVint,  met  bod  of  producing  age  in  618 
IVueheraft,  progress  and  decline  of  85» 

107 
IVorks,  Good,  on  the  depreciation  of  833 
IVow  fVaw,  visit  to  131 
fV^,   meaning  of  the  contraction  306, 

604 
IVycliffe  Bible,  publication  of  630 
Xenophon,  literary  talents  of  616 
York,  relics  found  in  Cbrtst  Churcb  67 
York  Minster,  report  of  the  repairs  of 

631 
Zeehariah,  paraphrase  of  99, 824,  318 
Zoological  Society,  anniversary  of  460 


[     660     ] 


INDEX  TO  BOOKS  REVIEWED. 

flHcludiHg  Notices  of  Fine  ArU.J 


Abbot,  night  Hon,  a  SpceclMsof  347 
/(^ncr/,  Clapperion'b  Expedtioii  to  1!29 
Atgebra^  Elemenlt  ul  6S6 
All€fn,  T.  Piiuoniina  »!  London  528 
Animals,  Sketches  of  60,  349 
Annval  OtUuary  940 
Ansie^'s  New  Baih  Guide  6S3 
Jnti- Slavery  Monthly  Reporter  249,  Q^e 
Arch<fchgia,  rol.  xxiii.  part  1.  535 
Asia,  Ancient,  Geo^apUy  of  53 
Athens,  Aiitiquitleii  ol  323,  427 
Bucon^J.  Life  of  Francis  I.  133 
Jiannistcr't  Huroaue  Policy  530 
BaUy's  Selrct  Views  60,  349 
B»ytey,J,  History  ol  the  Tower  of  Lon- 

doik  624 
Bayley,Rev.  J.  Elements  of  Afgebra  626 
Bemuet,  J.  History  of  Tewksbury  605 
Beverley,  Histoty  of  243,  519 
Biber,  £.on  Christian  Education  231 
Bible,  Guide  to  the  Reading  of  625 
Bibticat  Inierprelmiion,  History  ot  59 
JHbtiographieat  MUcellafey  ^6 
Blunt  uii  the  Pentateuch  348 
Bolivar,  Simon,  Memoirs  of  48 
Bowies,  Rev.  iK  L.  Life  of  Bp.  Ken  345, 
423.     Address  to  Lord  Mountcashci 
443 
Braiuby*i  History  of  Carnarron  Castle 

151 
Bray,  Airs.  Fitz  of  Fitz  Ford  156 
Bristol  Cathedral,  History  of  608 
Bristol  College,  Plaiiof  Eduoatiou  of  348 
British  Tariff  h9 

Britton,  J.  Memoirs  of  the  Tower  of  Lon- 
don 144.  Pictoresqiie  Antiquities  252. 
Oxford  Cathedral  33 1 .     Peterborough 
Cathedral  ib.    Gloucester  Cathedral 
440.     Bristol  Cathedral   608.      New 
Bath  Guide  623 
Bunting* s  Sermon  249 
Burke's  Official  Kalendar  539 
Burrowes,  Dr,  Letter  to  Sir  H.  Halfori} 

626 
Byron,  Lord,  Life  of  146.    Lady  Byron's 

Reply  to  250 
CMl-inet  Encychpsedia  40,  517, 617 
CasutUtii,  paintings  of  60 
Carhampton,  History  of  344 
Carnaivon  Castle^  History  of  151 
Oamff'^  Travels  in  the  Bast  343 
Carpenter's  Guide  to  the  Bible  625 
Carttairs*  Practical  Short  Hand  626 
Cathedrals,  Foreign,  Views  of  349 
Calor,  Kev.  C.  Sermon  250 
Caunter^s  Island  Bride  626 
Charity  Bazaars,  a  poem  249 
CAa'A/i;9',  History  of  432  • 

Christian  Education,  Lectures  on  23 1 
Christian  Patriotism  59 
Christian  Physiologist  334 


Chiisfs  Hospital,  History  of  540 
Church,  Guide  to  the  23! 
Church  of  England,  RighU  of  249.    Re- 
venues of  431 
Church  Service^  questions  on  249 
Clarkson,  E*  Montgomery  and  his  Re- 
viewers 538 
C/^^'yiRon's  Obligations  considered  237 
Clyde,  Picturesque  Views  on  581 
Cochrane' s  Journey  through  Russia  6 id 
Colchester,  Lord,  Speeches  of  347 
Colman,  G,  Random  Records  610 
Columbus,  Life  of  338 
Otmmercial  Distress,  causes  of  849 
Coney* s  Views  of  Foreign  Cathedrals,  &c» 

349 
Confirmation,  Lectures  on  59 
Cooke,  fK  on  the  Digestive  Organs  526 
CovevUry,  on  the  Church  Revenues  4S1 
Cox,  Rev.  R,  on  the  Liturgy  58 
Croly,  Rev.  ^.  Poetical  Works  of  524 
Cunningham,  A.  Lives  of  British  Artists 

141 
Currency,  on  the  625 
Curtis,  J.  ti.  ou  Diseases  of  the  Ear  59 
Dale's  Lecture  On  Theology  250 
Daubeney,Archd.Gu\6e  to  theChurch  23 1 
Davy,  ^V£^.  Consolations  in  Travel  825 
Demosthenes,  TVaiislation  of  616 
DevorgoU,  Doom  of  448 
Dobelts  Travels  in  Kamchatka,  &c.  531 
Domestit  Economy  618 
Donovan*s  Ponestic  Economy  618 
Durham,  North,.  History  of  381,426 
Ear,  on  Diseases  of  the  59 
East,  Travels  in  the  343 
East  Anglia,  Vocabulary  of  37 
East  India  Company,  on  renewal  of  the 
Charter  250 

£//»'«  British  TarifT  59 

ElUs,  C7.^.HistoryofWeyraouth611 

English  Army  in  France  681 

English  Cities,  Picturetc|ue  Antiqqitiea 

of  858 
English  X^ngTCflT^e,  Dictionary  of  439 
Excerpta  Historiea  61,  436' 
Family  Cabinet  Atlas  626 
Family  Classical  Library  615 
Fitz  of  FUi  Ford  \hQ 
Flaxman,  J,  Lectures  on  Sculpture  45» 

137 
Forby,  Rev.  R.  Vocabutaiy  of  East  AiL< 

gKa37 
Foreign  Review,  No.  IX.  56,  X.  434 
Forman,  Capt,  on  Commercial  Distrett 

249 
Forster,  Dr.  T.  Letters  of  Locke,  Ae» 

326.    on  Epidemic  Disorders  528 
Francis  I.  Life  and  Times  of  133 
Fugitives,  The  607 
Fuller,  J.  Tour  in  Turkey  533 


Index  to  Books  reoiewetL 


661 


Came  f^wtp  Reaiarki  on  S3<y 
Geology,  CmivcfMiions  o«  6S6 
Gibraltar,  Views  of  349 
GUig*s  Lift  of  Sir  Tho.  Muiiro€  29S 
Glouceiier  Caikedral,  History  of  440 
GoUUmiJ,  F.  U.  on  Civil  Ditabilitict  of 

the  J«ws  151 
Gorton,  J.  Topoirmpbical  Dictionary  59 
Graham^  Rtv,  J,  Poems  of  140 
Graif^  Hen.  G./?. Christian  Pairioliani  59 
Guest,  />.  on  Historical  Painting  59 
HalCi  TraveUin  ^^m^ico,  Review  of  348 
HuHwam's  Hospital  Manual  348 
Hagdon*$  Punch  and  Judy  351.     Death 

of  Eucles  S5 1 ,  348 
Heaid,  C.  Pitems  Sib 
HeavetUy  H^nesseM,  Three,  controversy 

rttspreting  695 
Hebrrden,  Dr,  on  the  Gospel  of  St.  John 

348 
lledgetamft  Description  of  the  Painted 

Glass  at  St.  Neot's  333 
Hell,  Descent  into  440 
Hertford,  History  of  430 
//'^iS^i  on  Optical  Instruments  59 
HoUtmm,  Gen,  Me motrs  of  Bolivar  48 
Hwman  Bfodp,  Economy  of  S49 
Humane  Policy  530 
HumutnM  SocUly^  ft6th  Repoft  of  538 
Hunt,  F.  F.  on  Tudor  Architecture  33 
Hunter,  Rmt.  Jiuepk^  Diary  of   Ralph 

Thoresby  153 
India,  GuvenMsient  of  950 
Jnsectt,  Natural  History  of  S47 
Ireland,  on  Poor  Laws  in  S35 
Irving,  Life  of  Columbus  338 
Jebb,  Bp.  Archd.  Towuson's  Discourses 

339 
JewiMh  /Z«%j<m, Thirteen  Articles  of  636 
Jewt,  History  of  the  135.    oo  Civil  Dis- 
abilities of  150 
Johnson,  C.  on  the  hm  of  Salt  fur  Agri- 
culture 349 
KameAaiha,  Ac.  Travels  in  531 
Ken,  Bj^  Life  off  345, 493 
Lacvnici  348 

lAincasJure,  Traditions  of  339 
Lander,  Richard,  Expedition  to  Africa 

139 
lMmds€er*$  Sketdies  of  Animals  60,  349 
Lane,  E,  The  Fugitives  607 
Lmrdmer,  Dr.  History  of  Discovery  40 
Imw  Dictionary  G2A 
l.eake*B  Travek  in  the  Morca  430 
Leigh's  Guide  to  the  Lakes  540 
IjC^oiCm  Views  on  the  Clyde  53 1 
LemprieTOf  Dr,  fF,  on  Natural  History 

533 
iMerary  and  ScUntifie  Oau  B90h  949 
Liturgy,  on  Revision  of  58 
Locke,  Sidney,  &e.  Letters  of  336 
Lockhart,  E.  on  Succession  to  Sootlisb 

Peerages  6'i6 
London,  Leigh's  Picture  of  686.     Pano* 

rama  of  5*28 
LiUon  Park  Chapel,  lliUury  uf  342 


Louis  XFIIL  Memeire  of  the  Court  of  50 

Attu  Otrmme,  Br.  on  the  Workiojr 
Classes  637 

ATDknrmid^s  Sketches  from  Nature  535 

Maino,  Panorama  of  the  349 

Malt  and  Beer,  Ac.  on  reducing  the  Du- 
ties on  636 

Atant,  Bp.  The  ClergyoMin's  OMigttioiit 
337 

Maritime  Ducovery,  History  of  40 

Marsh,  Dr.  on  Biblioal  Criticism  59 

Medical  fForks  536 

Milmaa^s  History  of  the  Jews  135 

^//n^r*!  Sermons  635 

Moglia*s  Mosaic  Works  350 

Montgomery,  R.  Satan  4S.  A  Reply  to 
his  Reviewers  539 

Moore,  J.  Life  of  Byron  146.  Lady  By- 
ron's reply  to  350 

Morea^  Travels  in  the  431 

Morrison,  Z>r.  Medicine  no  Mystery  586 

Mmnro,  Sir  71  Life  of  335 

Natural  History,  Studies  of  55.  Lec- 
tures on  533 

Nature,  Sketches  from  585 

Nervous  Disorders,  Remarks  on  633 

North  Durham,  History  of  331>  486 

(TDonnell,  on  the  West  India  Question 
348 

Official  Kaiendar  539 

Ojr^<f  CaHbednd^  History  of  331 

Painters,  &c.  Life  of  141 

Painting,  Historieai,  Deetine  of  59 

Palmerston,  Fise.  Speech  of  430.  Let- 
ter respecting  1*5. 

Parrott,  M,  Son  and  the  Ward  59 

PastoraJia,Tht  635 

Pearson,  Rev.R.  on  Friendly  Societies  635 

Pestaloxxian  School,  lessons  on  Q^S 

Peterborough  Oof Aeiro/,  History  of  331 

Pilgrim's  Progress  €19 

Pimmey'i  Code  of  HeaHb  949 

Piatt,  Rev.  J.  Literary  and  SeieAttie 
Oaas  Book  349 

Political  Economy,  Essays  «i  335 

Peer,  Employ meiit  of  58 

PepCf  Rev,  S,  Sers^ns  339 

Pomlsom,  G,  Hist,  of  Beverley  343, 519 

Predestination,  Tueatiseon  349 

Printers*  Pension  Society,  Report  of  539 

Prophecy,  on  the  completion  of  533 

Raffles,  Sir  S.  Life  of  339 

Raine,  Rev.  J.  History  of  Nortb  Dar^ 
bam  331,  436 

Random  Records  610 

A«yifo/d/#  Introdoctioo  to  Mercbastt* 
Accounts  348 

Rhinds  Studiei  of  Natural  History  55 

Roberts's  Parsllel  Miraeica  348 

Roby,  J.  Traditions  of  Laneashice  339 

Russia,  Journey  through  618 

RuHer's  lllusf  rations  of  SomerseUbirs60 

St.  Neot's  Church,  painted  glass  at  333 

Sallust,  Translation  of  615 

Satan,  a  poem  43 

Savage,  •/•  History  of  Carbamptoo  344 


602 


Index  to  Books  reviewed  and  announced. 


Svoilanfft  History  of  40,  517 

Scott,  Sir  fV.  Hist,  of  Scotland  40,  517. 

Doom  of  Devorg^«}il442 
Scottish  Peerages,  on  succession  to  626 
Sculpture^  Lectures  oii45>  137 
Senate,  The,  a  poem  624 
Sermons,  by  Cat  or  ^50.     Pope  328.  Mil- 

ner  625.     Pearson  625 
Shaw,  II,  History  of  Luton  Park  Cbapel 

242 
Ships  foundering  at  Sea,  plan  f  jr  pre 

venting  248 
Shute's  Organic  Pronunriation24D 
Slavertf,  State  of  in. the  Mauritius  625 
SnmcrsetsUire,  lliust rations  of  CO 
Snutheyy  Dr,  Pils^rim's  Progress  619 
<So//i^Ay*5  Specimens  of  a  new  version  of 

Homer  626 
Spencer's  Lectures  on  Confirmatio*i  59 
Starling,  T.  Family  Cabinet  Atlas  6i6 
Sfebiing's  History  ol  Cbivalry  432 
Stevenson,  Dr.  Works  of  59.  on  Nervous 

Affections  526 
Stewart,  Rev,  y^.  Modern  Geog;rapby  348 
Stuart,  J.  Antiquities  of  Athens  323,427 
Tales  of  Four  Nations  56 
7asso,  IV^fislation  of  531 
Ttivkeshui-y,  History  of  605 
Thames,  Panorama  of  253 
Thompson,  Rev,  II.  Pastoralih  625 
Thomson,  Dr,  C.  on   Anatomical    Pur- 
suits 250 
C  Poulett,  Speech  of  617 


Thoreshy,  Ralph,  Diary  of  153 

Tithe,  injurious  effects  of  626 

Topographical  Dictionary  59 

Tower   of  London,   Histories   of    144, 

624 
Townson,  Archd.   Practical  Discourses 

237 
Travel,  Consolations  in  S29 
Tudor  Architecture,  exemplars  of  33 
l^unnard,    C,  K.  Employment    of  the 

Poor  58 
Turkey,  Travels  in  233.     Tour  in  531 
Tumor,  L.  Hist,  of  Hertford  430 
l^entouUla<fs  Translation   of  Bp.   Wat- 

Ron's  Apolojfy  6.9 
fValsh,  Sir  J.  on   Poor  Laws  in  Ireland 

235 
fVarncr,  Rev.  R,  Literary  Recollections 

612 
TVatson,  on  preventing  Ships  foundering 

248 
TVebster^s  Dictionary    of    the    English 

Lanfftiage  439 
ff^cst  India  Question,  Remarks  on  346 
Jfeymoiith,  History  of  611 
H'hittey,  Dr,  on  the  Prophecies  533 
fViffen,  J,    //.  Translation    of   Tasso 

531 
IVilliams,  Rev.  J,  Geography  of  Ancient 

Asia  53 
IVishaw^s  Law  Dictionary  684 
Young  fVanderer*s  Cave  24,Q 
Airito/i/ioii, Translation  of  6\b 


INDEX  TO  BOOKS  ANNOUNCED. 


Atkinson* s  Poems  448 
liahbage  on  the  Decline  of  Science  253  . 
/?aAer'f  History  of  Northamptonshire  543 
Hanks,  Sir  J,  Life  of  158  •  ^ 

liannister,  S.  on  the  Aborigines  of  the 

new  Colonies  61 
liarclay  on  Colonial  Policy  253 
Baylifs  Residence  in  the  West  Indies  S53 
lieechey,  Capt,  Voyape  to  the  Pacific  158 
liicheno  on  Ireland  449 
liinney  on  Faith  448 
Iilakeumy*s  History  of  Shropshire  61 
Bland's  Problems  253 
Bourrienne*s  History  of  the  French  Ca- 
binet 158 
Bi^tus,  Reproof  of  253 
Burekhardt's  TravehlSS 
('abinet  Cyclopedia  158 
Cambridge  Long  (Vacation  544 
(ktmpbell.  Sir  J,  memoirs  of  758 
Canning,  Right  Hon.  C,  Life  t)f  6 1 
Currington,  ^.  T,  my  Native  Village  449- 
(Mrtwiight,  Histo/y  of  Western  Sussex— 

Hramber  Hundred  543 
CervtiHlts,  Life  4»f  449 
Chalttiuay*s  Skctcb  ol  Dauuiunia  o4,i 
Clu'vcnix  on  National  CbarHcltr  448 


Chronology,  Convertationi  on  6 1 

Classical  Library  350 

Cdmolly,  Dr.  on  Insanity  448 

Cooke,  Capt,  Memoirs  of  158 

Cooper,  Ne%6toH,  &c.  on  i  he  Ltires  of  253 

Cottingham's  Illustrations  of  Henry  the 

Seventh's  Chapel  158 
Cjoventry,  on  Church  Revenue  203 
Oriminal  Law,  Analvsis  of  61 
Croke  s  Schula  Salernitana  448 
Croly,  Rev,  G.  History  of  the  Jews  159 
Crossman*s  Sermons  543 
Cruikshanks*  Tbree  Courses  353.   Devil's 

Walk  448 
Curtis,  on  Diseases  of  the  Ear  253 

«/.  British  Entomology  853 

Davids,  A.  S,  Turkish  Grammar  448 

De  Ijuc's  History  of  the  Earth  158 

Delkeskamp's  Panorama  of  the  Maine  253 

Derwehtwater,  a  tale  353 

Devon,  History  of  446 

/>'Ar<iWt*5  Commentaries  158 

Domeiers  Road  Book  159 

Dugda/e's  Monasiicun  253 

Dyei*s  Academic  Unity  350  ^ 

ICuit  Indui  Company,  Monu|»oUeb  of  61 

Eduai'ds\  Rev.  J.  Sermons  61 


index  to  Books  announced. 


6(>3 


Fmerson*s  Hittory  of  Gref rt  15ri 

Eshrr,  Sir  Ralphs  Memoirs  of  158 

Faber[s  DifficiiliifS  of  Rooiauitni  959 

Five  SenseSf  Tale«  illustrative  of  61 

/W«/i,  Lifrof  158 

GalC$  Suuilieiinaii  448 

Conner's  Hundred- wtight  Fraction  Boole 

543 
Ce^grnphia  jtniiqua  543 
Cordtm^  Pryce,  Memoirt  of  158 
Craves,  Dr.  R.  //.  on  Prrdettinntion  61 
Graves,  Dr.  Serroous  959 
HaUt  Airs,  Cbroiiides  of  a  Scliool*rooni 

159 
Hamilton's  Pro|cresa  of  Suei«ty  448 
Hampden,  J,  Life  of  158 
Hurrisam,  //.  tlie  Humouritt  544 
Heber,  Bp.  Latt  Day^  of  953 
lieerem's  Reflfciions  on  Politics  448 
HUfs  Discourses  959 
Hinds,  Rev.  S.  tlie  Ihree  Tf  mples  953 
Hogg's  Cbemical  Tables  35U 
Httppus,  Rev.  J.  on  L<>i;ic  953 
Huggins*s  naval  Viev»s60 
Hughes's  Lives  of  Divines  350 
Hughes,  J,  Boscobcl  Tracts  543 
James,  Bp.  nieiDoirs  of  350 
Jerdans  Nntional  Portrait  Gallrry  953 
Jew,  Tbe  6 1 
Jrwsbuijf,  Mr.  J,  tbe  Three  Historians 

158 
Johns,  Mr.  the  Pyramids  448 
Jones,  J.  attempts  in  ver^  448 
Kei/er*s  Panoramic  View  953 
#f<rttiir</]/'iConver8-iliuns  >*itb  Byron  448 
King,  T.  illiistraiiuiis  uf  Bijtbops'  Cofiiiis 

found  at  Cbi«  hester  543 
iMmb's  Album  Vf  r^es  544 
jMwrence,  Sir  T.  Life  of  1  j8 
i^e's  Sermons  350 
JJbrary  of  General  Knowledge  448 
Moving  Temple,  The  1 59 
Lhjid,  Rev.  //.  on  Optics  953 
M'FarUtne*s  Armenians  953 
Mackenzie's  Not^s  on  Hayti  158 
Main's  Florist's  Directory  953 
Melmoih  on  a  Reiifrious  Life  543 
Moore,  Rev.  H.  Scrni«)ns<il 
Moorsom's  Letters  from  Nova  Scotia  158 
Morgan's  Elements  of  Ariihmeiic  350 
3f<fr/o>i'«  Travels  in  RuMia  158 
Mosely  on  Hydrostatics  61 
Napier''s  Encyrlopcdia  liritannica  544 
Negro  Emancipation  no  Philanthropy  61 
A^nrnAam,  on  Superstition  158 
Newton,  Sir  I.  Life  of  4  i9 
yicolas's  Battle  of  Agincourt  448 


A^ir  6MAr  oniht  Geofpraphyof  Herodotus44B 
NoeCs  Sermons  959 

NuttalCs  translation  of  Horace  544 

Original  Sin,  Bxposiiion  uf  543 

Oxonians,  a  Novel  543 

Oj^'ord  Prize  Euaps  158 

Palgrave,    on    the    English    Common* 

wealth  449 
Parkts*  Musical  Memoirs  158 
Parry,  Rev.  J.  D.  Poetical  Beauties  61 
Pettman,  Qtpt.  on  national  Distress  61 
tHnkerton,  John,  Correspondence  1 58 
PoTche%ter,    tjord,    on    the  Portuguese 

Constitution  158 
Porter,  Miss,W\t.  Barony  158 
Porter,  G.  R,  on  the  Su^^ar  Cane  953 
Prayer,  Sermons  on  158 
Raleigh  and  his  Tim«  s  61 
Rankin,  on  Life  Assurances  158 
Riinnlph  de  Rokais  953 
Ray,  J.  Life  of  448 
Homney,  ^7.  memoirs  of  448 
Rnssel,  Dr.  on  the  Millennium  159 
Science.  Arcana  of  159 
Scott,  .Sir  R.  History  of  Psemonclogy  448 
Scottish  Life,  Tales  of  253 
Seager's  Greek  Ellipses  350 
Sharpens  Librtryof  the  Belle>  Lett  res  544 
Shelley's  Perkin  Warbeck  448 
Sinclair,  Sir  J.  Correspondence  of  158 
Sir  Ethelhert  61 

Smith,  Horace,  Walter  Colyton  158 
Southey's  Lives  of  British  Worthies  449 
Stewart,  Rev.  A.  series  of  Stories  1 59 
Straiten' s  Book  of  the  Priesthood  44V 
Surenne's  French  Dictionary  543 
Surtees's  History  of  Durham  350 
Tally's  Rrflecthins  543 
7Vfii/;/e'«  Travels  in  Peru  158 
Ttmemann's  manual  of  Philosophy  449 ' 
TOian,  Life  of  158 

Tophams  Collection  of  PrAyert  543         \ 
Undying  one  544 

Ures  Dictionary  of  Chemistry  350 
Fega's  Journal  of  a  Tour  543 
Visions  of  SoUlude,  a  Poem  544 
9Fainewright's    Vindication    of    Paley's 

Theory  of  Morals  350 
fFitlsh's  Notices  of  Bcasil  158 
kfaverley  Novels,  illustrations  of  61 
lykbster's  Travels  in  Poland  158 
fFisemans  translations  o(  Oriental  Works 

543 
fFol/e,  Gen.  Life  of  449 
kFreford  on  t  he  Old  Testament  350 
fVycliffes  Versions  of  the  Old  TestamoDl 

350 


G64 


Index  iQ  PoelTif  and  Namet. 


INDEX  TO  POETRY. 


Adieu,  The  U} 

Adventuref't  /FtsA  353 

jfiUi'iuity,  itanzas  on  2&7 

Auricular  Qmfession  analysed  Ml 

Autumn,  sonnet  on  68 

Bedford,  Duchess,  lines  to  531 

Be(four,  EUxa,  orit»inal  Fable  68 

Bonny  Oak,  The  257 

Bowles,  Rev.  fV,  L,  on  tbe  funeral  of 
Charles  1. 354 

Brandreth,  H.  the  Bonny  Oak  S57.  Cum 
Collee547 

Bray,  Rev,  E.  A.  Midsummer  £ve  163 

Britton  and  BrayUy,  Mess,  stanzas  to  257 
Charles  I,  on  the  funeral  of  354 
Cwm  Cbllee,  stanzas  on  547 

Death's  Deeds  354 

Ducts,  M.  lines  written  in  the  Trareller's 

Album  69 
Fables,  oripnal  68 

fUz' Gerald,  m  T,  tributary  lines  to  452 
FHend,  stanzas  in  memory  of  a  635 
Gnat  and  the  Spider,  a  Fable  68 
Graliam,  Rev,  J.  poems  of  141 
Lady's  Album,  lines  written  for  a  163 
Lawrence,  Sir  T,  lines  to  68, 634 
Lewton,  Rev.  E,  epitaph  on  355 
Midsummer  Eve,  ballsul  on  163 
'«  Oh  !  envy  not  the  Poet's  lot  *'  355 


Pearson,  Rev.  Rich,  the  Pbytidaii  hI 

tbe  Magpie  355w    Stansas  in  mcMf 

of  a  friend  635 
Physician  and  the  Mngpie,  a  Tale  B55 
Radiant  Bride,  soof;  of  4b9 
River  and  the  Streamiei,  a  Fable  €9 
Satan,  extracts  from  tlie  Poeos  of  44 
Seasons,  sonnets  ou  the  68 
Sheffington,  Sir  L.  impmniptiB  on  Wn 

Stephens  355.     tbe  Radiaut  Bridt  Mf 
Sonnets,  on  the  Seasons  SB 
Spring,  sonnet  on  68 
Stephens,  Afiu,  imprampta  on  355 
Summer,  sonnet  on  68 
TassOf  inscription  for  a  Bust  of  6S5 
Taylor f  J.  lines  to  Sir  T.  Lawrence  filt 

634.    to  Mr.  Fits-Gerald  4SS 
Tower  of  London,  suppoaed  aCavzai  •( 

257 
Traveller's  Album,  linee  in  the  69 
•<  Unhappy  is  the  man,"  Ac.  141 
Wellington,  Duke  of,  lines  on  Itt 
ififfen,  J,  H.  lines  to  the  DnchMt  if 

Bedford  531. 
JVigstead,  J,  sonnets  on  the  taatoH^I 
Winter,  sonnet  on  68        - 
Wrangham,  Rev,  Arehd,  iMeripCian  br 

a  Bust  of  Tasso  635 
Zechariah,  paraphrase  of  99*  9S4»  318 


INDEX  TO  NAMES. 


Abbott,    Abp.  393. 

£.476 
Abercrombie,  J.  169 

his. 
Abercromby,  J.  265 
Aberdeen,  Earl  162, 

258,965,  354,362, 

453,  457,  548 
Abernethy  7 
Acland  650.    Sir  T. 

549 
Acton,  H.  81. 
Adams  172 
Adamson  64 
Addington,W.L.361 
Addison,  M.  93 
Adey,  H.  170 
Adney,  J.  284 
Aikin,  M.  282 
Ainslie,  M.  F.  476 
Ainswurtb,  W.  194 
Airey,  M.  641 
Aitchison,  Lieut  R. 

380 
Akins,  A.  188 
Akinson  646 
Alderson,  R.  C.  460 


Aldricfa,  M.  76 
Alexander  168,  260. 

Sir  J.  93 
Allan,  T.  380 
Allen  15.     E.    172, 

265,  362.  G.  283. 

M.S73 
Althorp,  Lord   166, 

258,  262,  453,454 
Amherst,   Lady  £. 

576 
Amvot,  T.  65,  162, 

352 
Anderson,  J.  648 
Andrews,    Bp.    15. 

Col.  A.266.  C.379 
Anketell.  C.  285 
Annesley,  R.  568 
Anstruther,  C.  361. 

J.  241 
Antrobus,  Lady  361 
Arbuthnot  264.    C. 

190.     H.  460 
Arkwri«rht,  J.362 
Armitafce,  W.  93 
Armstrong;,  C.  187. 

R.  75.  T.  90 


Arnold  168.    S.  W. 

543 
Arthur,  G.  553 
Arthure,  M.  554 
Arundell  380 
Ashbyy  J.  265 
Ashley,  Lord  265 
Aspinall,  J.  544 
Astley,  SirJ.D.359 
Aston,  B.  274 
Atcheson,  A.  S.  553 
Atkins,  Aid.  36a  A. 

M.  460 
Atkinson  647.  J.361. 

J.  W.  540 
Auckland,  Lord  450 
Auriol,  H.  87 
Austen  241.  J.  190. 

S.A.  554 
Austria,  Archduke, 

F.  C  450 
Avelino  628 
A««drv,SirJ.W.641. 

S.  .M.  641 
BAbbage  544 
Baccbuc,  S.  362 
Backner,  J.  459 


Bacon,  R  041.  b£. 

S66 
Baxot»Dr.   S9a  C. 

460 
Basof,  i:ienl54d 
Bailey,  R:  I90 
BaOlle  7.  IBS,  S79- 

Dr.  S68.    CoLH. 

553,641 
BainbiUfe,  T.  98. 

T.D.  460 

Balnes^  E.  169-    H. 

J.  651 
Baird,  Capt.  W.  168 
Bake,  R.  9I 
Baker  3,    18,   105. 

Cap.  H.  534 
BalchUd,  Capt.  76 
Bald«ick,  Col.  459 
Balfour,  P.  76 
Ball,  Sir  A.  956 
Ballard  87.  Dr.  98 
Bancroft  393 
Bankes,  G.  76,  965, 

361.    J.W.499 
Banks  455.   G.  168. 

J.  T.  170 


•iliirtier,  C.  7tf  bciliiigflelJ,    II.    R.  Bli|;h,  A.3$?.  J.S^5   PitTir^,  ,1. 674 

Barclay  3&8,  456.  C.       3^1  Blist,  Dr.  403,  63 1     firre  489 

26^.  D.  76.  R.I70  B<*Kbie,  Capt.  76        Bloonifeld  9  Breretun,  Dr.J.  546. 

BartJiretr,  J.  649         Bebn,  Mrf.  595 Lord  194  T.  361 

•BarcUii,  C.  553  Behnes,  W.  543  Blore393,d59»  401,   Rrewtter  187.  1)359 

B4nfni  474  Benoe,  H.  651  58)  Brire  99 

•Barham,  Loril  80       Beitisoii  646,  647       Bluxam,  A.  174*    S.  Brtrkfndeiif    Lad^ 
B4hti«5a4.  A  ?58.   BtnluHPt  598  187  E.J.  90 

A.  M.  187.  H.369   Bt-iKley,  Lady  981     Biuxsome,  A.  170       Bridj^f,  A.  188 
Barker,  E.  H.  909,  Bentley,  R.  966.   T.  Bluutit  598  Bridf^an,  Bp.  489 

487.  11. 1.  170:  R.       478  Blundell,  Maj.  475      Kriffc*  444 

187  Beiinet,  Ljidy  E.369  B'uns  G.  581  Brii^bt  959 

barlow,  £.  380.    J.   Bennett  961.    J.  S.  Bubart,  W.  76  Kri|$btmiin,  H.99b 

169  985.  476  Buhan,  R.  170  Briir.  J.  R.  597 

Baniadittop,  N.  C.    Benni«on,  A.  381        Bui leau,  Lady  C.861    Brittun  441.  J.'359, 

966  Bentinck,Lil.  \V.71   Boldrn,  A.  554  546 

Barnard,  Sir  A.  P.  Beie,  Mivs6l3  Bollard,  C.  570  Brock,  J.  650.    Col. 

553.  C.554.  F.  A.  Bereftfonl  74.  H.364  Bolton,  G.  B.  350.       S.  553 

571.     R.  107.    T.   Lord  17 1,  965        J.  99.  R.  554  Brockeft,  T.  J.  9 

475.  W.  641  Berquer,  I).  I).  649    Bond,  f.  167.  S.  650   Brodricb,  Capt.  659 

Barnet  93.    J.  515.   Berkeley  386.  Lady  Bon«>,  H.  P.  447.  R    Broke  81 

M.  P.  579  188,  459.  489  T.  349,  444  Brooke,  R.  985.    T. 

Barneiley,  J.  369        Bet nvy,  Sir  J.  37        Bonham,  H.  381  659.    T.  P.  983 

Barnett  168  B«-rtbe«ne,Gen.  457   Ron i face  393  Brookes,  T.  980 

Banibam  98  Bertie,  Lnrd  R  19      Bonnor^  E.  J.  170.  Brooking,  N.  91 

Barnwell,  C  P.  359     B<rnn,  P.  J.  651  G.  76.  J.  574  Brookt,  A.9L  J.450 

Barrett 608.  Dr.  530  Belcher,  P.  569.  M.  Booth,  Sir  R.G. 369.   Broome,  Lt.C.  477 
Barrilf;(,G.  650  .571  S.981.  T.  W.  965   Brotheiton,    T.  W. 

•Barrin(ton,Vis.553,   Brlden,  J.  99  Borough.  A.  K.  155         553 

580  Bell  984.  C.  69.  M.  Bourke,  C.  T.   553.   Brougham    9,    165, 

Barrow  361.    S.  579       981  R.  183  169,959,453,456, 

Barry  530,  Ml.  Dr.   Bellwood.S.  M.  170  Bourne,  M.  984  548.  J.  450 

451  Beloe,  G.  475  Bowen    93.    J.  965.  Broughton,  J.  6, 99, 

Barryroore  649  Belioni  199  J.  S.  A.  460.  S.188       994, 597 

Barttow,  M.  A.  983     Betham,  Sir  W.  386  Bower,  C.  L.  91  Brown  555.    Sir  IL 

Banlett  983  Bethrel  361  Bowles     346,     499.       167.    J.  984, 574. 

Barton,  H.J.  76.  T.   Bethune,  C.  E.  641.        VV.    L.    93,    405,       S.  544.  Sir  T.  515 
J.  369  J.  573  443  Brownr509A.H.l83 

Batkerfifld,  F.579     B«^Us,  T.  D.  1*0  Bowling,  J.  966  Mnj.  aC.965.  H. 

Baft8rt,J.64l  Bvan,  A.  46o.  G.  J.   Bowyfr981  571.  J.  93.  M.  80, 

Batchellor.  S.  E.  573       985.    S.    189.   T.  Boyd,  R.  P.  641  974,460.    P.  99a 

Batenian,  R.  379  966  Boydell,  J.  579.T.75       Sir  W.  545 

Bath,  March'M  476  Biber,  Dr.  931  Boyle,    Lady   L   £.   Bruce,  H.979.  J449 

—  Marq.3o9  Bickerstctb  380  93,98  Brudenell,  Ld  965 

Bat  hurst,  B.  966.  A.  Bingham  984.  M.C.  Boys  E.  P.  31,  75      Bruroston,  J.  75 

C.  89.  M.  189  76  Buton,  Count. 389      Brunrl,  R.  544 

Batley  358.  C.H.55S  Birch,  E.  984  Brackeu,  U.  651.  R.  Bryans,  P.  94,  459 

Batty,  Col  349  Bird  143.    C.  J.  65.       579  Bryson,  A.  460.    M. 

Bayley35l.  J.  359         M.   170.    T.  546.  Brackeobuiy,  Sir  R.       460 
Beadon98  T.  Y.  188  145  Bucdeogb,    Duke 

Bean,  S.  476  Hirkberk,  Dr.  450     Brackenridge,  G.W.        164 

Beard98.  H.  99.  J.  Bifcoe  361  609  Buchanan,  G.  554 

989.  L.9I.  S.  87     Buhop,  J.  554  Bradford  478.    S.J.   Burkingham,  Mar- 

Beatson,    D.  94.    J.   Bithopp,  H.  87  966  chior.ess  489 

H.  S66  Bittett,  W.  460  Bmdley,  E.  571  — ^  Marq.386,  b!*6 

Beauclerk,C.G.381   Black,  \V.90  Bradibaw,   R.   641.  Duke  963 

Beau«Dgard,     A.  J.   Blarkett,Str  E.460       R.  A.  966.  S.  649     Buckler  406, 547.  J. 

75  Blarkman  470  Braine,  G.  J.  981  C  34,  540 

Beaumont  17,477.  Blackwood,  A. A .966  Bramston,  T.G.965  Buckley, T.  186 
Co\,  659.  Sir  G.  Blakemore,  R.  167  Brancaleone,  C'test  Bulkeley,  C.  554 
167,361  Blandford,  Marquis       170  Bull,Dr.  J.  169 

Beckwitb,  A.C.  641.       165,  166,959,358  BranderG.  613  Boiler,  C.  16ft.  R.B. 

T.  989.  8irT.4o9  BlAsis,  Mad.  168         Braiiiofi,  P.  A.  460         170 
Bedford  530  bit  B'ayner,  C  475  BranMon,  P.  W.459  Bulloek,  A.  9L   D. 

Duke  531  BlrT.nerha«set  965      Bray  1 13,  489  460 

OtwT.  Ma«.  Sitppt.  VdL.  C.  p4aT  I. 

M 


,^6  ^  Atfcv  i§  l^wmi. 

Bul^imrv  W.  U         Carpeirter 99411. R.      984.  C.H.B.$5f,  ConynfluivBS7a.1i: 
Buonaparte  59*   h*      460                            C.    M.   38p.     F.      3.16% 

•     163  Carter, C99. CUP*      476,   C9pt,J.7»,  Cook,  J.  6S I 

BurcbalMt  57s  J.343.  T.  9UW.       5S3^    R*  17.    T.  Couke,  C    M.  391. 

Bur«beU47&  T.449  449.    W.  H.  76  H.476.  Sir  W.  7f. 

Burdett,  Sir  F.  961    Cartwri^ht,  C.  189    Clarkton  (38.  T,  76       Sir  W.  R  $56 

Buff h,  T.  J.  560       Carter  1 89  CUtar,  T.  &48  CMkfpo.  G«flk  C,  N. 

Burgoynal69  Cary  571.  M.M.80    Claye,  S.  S  368  47€ 

Buns  J.  474  Cftuaiy  990.    $,  H.  Clayton,  79.   C.  91,  Cooper  860,  444.  A. 

PMmaby,  £.  553.  f .       459  359.R.B.76.  Sir       16S,   U.  A.    S66. 

G.  460.  T.  186        Caiteiis,  C'trit  631        W.  458  J.  476,  ^S.    .M. 

Bume,  Dr.  S66f  4Q|1  CaMlereagb,  14455  CleeTCi,CoU  574  379.     W.3^1 

Barnetty  H.  477         Catar,  C,  S50  Clendenninf »    Dr,  Qooie.  C,  306.    ]^ 

Bumcy,  Dr.  f  74         Cattley,  J.  380  350,  450,  545  965 

Burninf  bam  460        Cavr,  S.  187  Clerk.  Sir  G.  S60  Cope,  C.  984 

'  Bumi,  B.  J.  350        Cavendisb  649  Clerke,  C.  C.  965  CorbouM.  H.  543 

.  Barridge,  F.G.G.6I|1   Cawdor,  W.  H,  571  Clifford,  A.  99  Coric,  Earl  I73 

finrrowt,  CoL  187     Cayley  984  Clint  444.  G,  446  Cuniiab.  C.  M.  170 

Burton,  a  351.    ^.  Cbabert  69,  168        Clinton,  Lord  J. 990  Comviall»  S.  966 

.     546.  Gen.  J  988.  Cbabrol  456  Clite,  D.M.  549  Comwallia*  C.4i0 

M.   478.    W.    C.  Chapman    99.     C.  Clitberoe  360  Corry,  H.  T.  L.  96^ 

570  190,  659  CliTc,  Lady  H.  76  Costella  544.  D.  9 

Bviy,  F.  554  CliarleewQrtb.B.4il9  — *  Viio.  361  Coatard  479 

Butei  Marq.  960         Cbartfrii,  Ly«  &174  Clude,  S.  170  Cotes,  M.  648 

Bntler  99.    Arcbd.  Chamberlayne  98      Clonbrouk*  Ld.  641  Cotter*  J.  389 

119.    E.473.    G.  Cbamben,    Sir  W.    Cloneurry,  Ld.  631  Coltin,  L.  477 

474.    |if.76.    R.       474  Clonmel  659  Cotton,  S.  93 

659  Cbancellor  474  Cloy ne.  Dean  461  Concbnan  966 

Boston,  A.  649.   F,  Cbandler.  Dr.  16^     Clunni  Mits  99  Conrtenay  493.    T. 

456*  650,  548  Cbandof,  Marq.  95^  OluHerbuck  97  P.  965.  W.  964 

.  Byde,  T.  H.  188  CbanteUtise  456        Cockburn,  E.  557  Coopvoiaaier  456 

Byerley  187  Cbatfteld*  A.W.  545  Cockerell  394«  599.  Cove,  If.  648 

%nr.  Lady  A.  969     Cbattaway,  J.  303.        C.  H.  549  Coventry,  A.  £.966. 
Byron,  Lord  48,146,  Chauneey  97              Coebrane  618  T,  W.  79 

.      901,  307.  389,4«5  Chaytor,  A.  379         «-— *  Lord  465  Covey,  IV.  H.  170 

Cabb,  R.  389  Cbee«brouf|^b  984      Cocki,    J.  S.  965,  Cos,  Mra.  554.    P. 

.  Cadftt,  J.  981  Cberbury,l,d  H.573       361.  M.  S.  469  359,  U  983,  S.^. 

.  Cadmany  J.  190         Cheiney,  C.  37a        Coben,  G.  91  76 

.  Caioraft    358.  454.  ChfVter,  L.  983  Coke  73.  J,  167  Cone,  Dr.  45a  B«9S 

Lady  C.  459  Cbicheatcr,  Bp.  98.  Colbert  307  CoweU,  J.  553 

Caldwell,  F.379  Mai.76.   C.  641.  Colbnm  159,  456  Cowley  386.  H.S.S6^ 

Caley,  J.  494, 694  M.E.  379  Colby,  Col.  451.    F.  Crabb,  H.  579 

GaU,  L.  G.  188  Child.  M.  91.  W.  Q.       M.  477  Cradoek,  Sir  J.  583 

Callag ban,  D.  361  983  Cole  359.  M.N.573.  Craft,  H.  554 

Cancott446.  A.W.  C^rlnmeaaniky  956        W.  489  Cramer,  F.  93,  631 

549  Cbolnneley,  Lady  G.  Coleman,  F.  98a  J.  Crawford,  J.  381 

Calvert,  C.  641.  D.       459  99  Cre«weU,  W.  553 

451.  N,  166,960,  Cbolmondeley,  Mq.  Colley 'S[8.  F.M.573  Crewe,  Sir  G.  553 

359  .     460  Collier   189.    Udy  Crispini  S.  579 

Campbell,  Col.C.)5  Chorley,  M.  460  188.  J.  P.  66  Crocker,  C  477 

Lord  F.  587       Cbri«iie,  L.  460         CoUina  474,489,599.  Croft,  H.  554 

Oaniiwi  359  Churcb,  W.  965  E.  167.  W.  549  Croii,  £.  447 

.Cann983  Cburcbill, B.  93     ,     CoUon,J.983  Croker,  C.  168.    t. 

Canterbury ,Afap.l 4,  Cburton,  E.  169        Colville,  E.  D.  475         C.66,  956,  359 

119,393,454    .     Civiale  544  Con^bermere,L()631  Croly,  G.458 

Cape,  Yf»  I69  .  Clanricarde,    Marq*  Commins,  J.  E.  361  Crompton,  B.  477 

.CarbonReU,CJ3.51(l       354  Coropson,  ,1.  £.  641  Cromwell,  T.  66 

Card  574  CUpperton,Capt.e4  Comptonai  Crouk,  E.  475 

Cafdwell,  E.  641        Clapton.  F.  L.  170    Comyn,  T,  553  Crosbif,  R,  965 

Cv«w,  p.  650  Clare,  H.  99  Comyns,  J.  489,  Croikey,  J.  D,  475* 

Carey,  1^.  I69.  W.  Clarendon,  Lord  19  Coney  349  Cross,  C.476 

:.  $.  965  Clarina,  Lady  459     Connell,  M.  475    '  CrosHi waits, t.  17f 

Carlisie.N.  116,359  C|ark9l.  A.K.553.  Cooner,  L.  S.  460  Crowden  W.fl475 

.-Carfarven,  Earl 440       J.  34$  Conolly,  M.  2G6  Cruvdy,  A>9C5 

Carne  348  Clarke  (57.  Dr.  498,  Constable  540J ,444  Crowlber  90*   S*  F« 

Carnegie,  E  170  451.   A.  983.    C.  Coiistantint,  G.  169       93 


fmht  to  NmKiii 


Cniikibaftk,     O. 

549.    J.  94 
Crunp,  H.  519 
Cybhf,  L.   170.  8. 

170 
Cullimtfn,  J.  697 
Culner,  J.  99 
CumbcriaiMl,  Dakc 

te7 

Cummin^,  E.A.  966 
Cumninf,  R.  579 
Cur#,  C.  167 
Curry,  C«pt.  M.459 
Curtcii,  H.  78 
Curtif,  E.  460.   T. 

360 
Cast,  A.  8 1 
Cuttance,  P.  76 
(guttle,  J.  170 
Daerct  558 
Dalboatic,  E«ri7l» 

459 
Hallaway  47»  98 
Palrymple  864 
Daltoii,  £.880 

6aly  194 
aTiee98 
Daniel,  J.  E.  76 
Diiil«ll,J.5&4.J.F. 

544.  W.  446 
Dartinf,  Gen.  76 
Darlington,     Earl 

165,455 
Damnify,  Earl  960, 

269,963,450 
Da<ihwood  81.  MaJ. 

361 
Daubeney,  €.  449 
D'AoTcrgne  558 
Davenpurt  969 
Dam,  J.189.  T.493 
i>aTid70 
Daticfl,  Col.  958.  E. 

698.  J.  553.  J.  D. 

76.  M.65I.R.99 
Dam  444.     C  187. 

E.  90.    J.  S.  380. 

T.  649.    W.  380 
DaYiaon,  A.  93 
Daty,  E.  544.    Sir 

H.  69.  M.  554  bit 
Dawkint,  Col.  459 
Dawlon    166,   358, 

453.    C.  460.    F. 

549.    J.  T.   167. 

M.  557 
Dealtry,  Dr.  169 
De  Amelandy  Ladv 

A.  474 
Deane  381.    G.  H. 

S6S 
Debary  459 
De  Batbe,  SirW.266 
De  Brett,  S.  169 
De  Brons  459 


DeBafgh87 
De  Clinton,  R.  990 
Deere,  8.  381 
Deering,  Sir  E.  455 
Delafont  953 
Delannoy,  T.  648 
Drlketctnp  349 
De  Loveiido  457 
De  Medici  70 
De  Menique,  Vit.76 
De  Morgan,CoU69 
Dene,  C.  554 
Detibam    64,    199* 

Sir  J.  386 
Denne,  C.  554 
D'Epernon,  Due  9 
Deiiiton  73 
Denny,  J.  989 
Dent  91 

Dering,  A.  M.  380 
De  Rothyn,  G.  966 
De  Rutien,  Mareb. 

170 
DeSandwicb,R.990 
D*Etears,  Count  457 
Deimond,  Earl  386 
D  Est e,  A.  474.  Cdl. 

A.  474 
Deverell,  S.  188 
De  Viime  88 
DeTontbire,    Dake 

457 
Deivar,  Mrt.  573 
Dick  559 
DickHiton  960, 975, 

454.  J.B.99.  R. 

76 
Dickson,  C.  R  553 
Dietericb,  J.  C.  99 
Digby,  H.  M.  554. 

N.649 
Dillon,  E.  641.  P.  80 
Dinoek,  E.  184 
Dinweddie,  W.  91 
D<Itraeh  690 
Dison,  G.  361.     J. 

641.    Sir  M.459 
Dubell  530 
Dobs  on,  C.  J.  76 
Dodd98 

Dodswell,  Ma).  171 
Dodswortb  S85 
Donivile,  H.  B.  361 
Don,  Sir  G.  75 
Donaldson  395.    J. 

981 
Doneraile,  Lord  965 
Donkin,  J.  170 
Donne^  L.  571.    J. 

476 
Donnel,  J.  94 
Donovan  618 
Dormer,    A.     471. 

Lady  853 
Douglas,  E.  L.  460. 


J.  645.    J.  8.  93. 

P.  W.  76 
D«^,  W.  93 
Dowker,  W.  981 
Dowling,  F.0.641 
Downing,  G.  B.  475 
Dowse,  W.H  170 
Drake,  C.D.M.  458. 

Sir  F.  494.    G.J. 

459.    T.  T.  553 
Drayton,  A.  M.  554 
Drax,  E.  386 
Drew,  G.  359 
Drunimond963,544. 

G.  364.     H.  360. 

8.  446,  549 
Dryden  478 
DuCane,  M.  L.477 
Dudley,  J.  649 

* Earl  985 

Duff,  H.  R.  285 
Duffin,  E.  W.  554 
Dukr,  W.  76 
Dukes  65 
Dulong,  M.  953 
Dumnier  98 
Dunbar,  A.  985 
Danean   953,   477. 

J*  8.  631 
Duncombe,  A.  93 
Duodas,  Gen.  643 
Dandridge,  J.S.98 

Dungannon,Vis.449 
Dunkerlev  613 
Dunlop,  J.  364 
Donmore,  J.  474 
DunnlngbaD,J.  553 
Dunsandle,  Ld  194 
Dupre  98.    R.  79 
Doputs,  E.  983 
Durant  574 
D'Urban,  Sir&75 
Dorbam,  Lord  548 
Dumford,  R.  459 
Durfant,SirH.641 
Dury,  Capt.  90 
Dwarres,  C.  A.  569 
Dyde60S 
Dyer  478.    R.  188. 

8.981 
Dyke,  &460.  M.573 
Dyott,  L.  186 
Eagle,  R.  984 
Eagleton,  J.  167 
Eare,  A.  361 
Earle,   Biscoe   361. 

J.  983 
Eastlake  169,  446 
Eddy,  J.  459 
£de73 
Eden,  R.    H.    857. 

W.471 
Edgar,  8.  189 
Edgeworth  619*   L. 

985 


lla8Mmd*,R.99 
Edridgt,  C.  A.  869. 

T.4n 
Edwards   571.      J. 

169.      J.  C  65L 

R.99 
Elam.J.  170 
Eld,  J.  984 
Eldon,  Earl  960 
Eliot  861.    W.  86S 
Eliott,  G.459.  J.L. 

459 
Ellcnborougb,  Lord 

965,  357,  388 
Elliott,  R.  170 
Ellis  3,  169,   449, 

611.     E.  A.  641. 

G.A.36l.H.956t 

359.    S.  649 
Ei:ison,  E.579 
EIrington,  Maj.  966 
Ely,  Marq.568 
EmpsoA,  P.  579 
Eflderby,  W.  554 
Enfield,  M.  99 
Erskine,  Sir  D.  965. 

E.   M.  389.     Is. 

881.    T.A.46D 
—  Lwly  M.  77 
Lady  J.  J. 


460 


Lord  474 


Essex,  Earl  450 
fistcourt,  E.H.369 

E.  H.  a  361 
Etty444.  E.91.W. 

444,549 
Eustace,  Cd.  W.  C 

170,864 
ETJuiee,T.476 
Erant  608.     Capt. 

168.    C.  M.  471. 

E.  64L    R.  44e. 

W.  E.  641 
Everatd,  A.  76.    B. 

B.460 
Everett   958.      T. 

360,  651 
Every,  8lrE.  879 
Exeter,  Bp.  964 
Eyre,  C.W.  361.  i. 

648.  W.648.  W. 

T.459 
Faber,  O.  8. 553 
Fagg,  E.  87 
Falconer,  P.  47! 
Fairbam,  P.  361 

FalHie,T.  M.  187 
Paitbrall,G.  Dl  553 
Fane,  Col.  M.  75 
Pantba«e,CoLE.588 
Faraday  451 
Farthing,  J.  880 
Famhoroo^,  Lord 
553 


Fan|ubarion  350.H> 
«  9^h.    J.  449 
Farr,  H.  363.  H.  E. 
.  65   ' 

Harwell,  W.  169.460 
Faulkner  444,  475 
Faure  fft  - 
Fawcett,  M^.  459 
Fead,  Cap,  C.  R.  93 
Fearon,  M.  E.  Sb'6 
Felix,  P.  361 
FeltowesN.7S.  Sir 
•   T.631 
Feiifoo,  J.  554.  Vis. 

9B 
Far^  usoDa  Hon.Mra« 
'    76 

T-irmor,  T.  W.  5$5 
Ferraby,  J.384 
Ferrers,  P.J.  650 
FfollioU,  L  364 
Field,  M.  641 
Filket,  J.  647 
Firth  599.     W,  361 
Fisher,  C.  76 
Fitall  875 
Fitzceral(!386.  Mrs. 

S90.     13.7$.    Sir 
'  M.459 

Fitaharris,Vis.  369 
Fitxberberl,  H.  545. 

P.  90,     W,54a  .. 
Fleminf:,  J.  93 
Fletcher,    J.     459, 

578.     Gen.  J.  R. 

SH3 
Flower,  C.  864 
FJoyd,  J.  557 
t^loyer,  C.  57 1 

Foley,  Sir  T.  459 
Forbes,  J.  553.     W. 

365.     Liurd  553 
Forde,  S.  103 
Forest  or,    C.     169. 

G.  C.  W.  865 
Forster  477.     4.  7 
Fortescue  80 
iPosbroko  890,  304, 

606.    T.  D.  32 
Foibrooke,  L.3B0 
Fosi,  E.  S.476 
Tussaii  353 
Toster  469 
Foaiyii.  M.38L 
Foucbe  58 
Fo«lis,  E.  641 
Fountaiiie  189 
Fowler  190.  C.  548. 
.    J.  884 
Fownes,  A.  J.  368 
Fox,  H.  571.  R.VV. 

545 
Fraoipton  91 
iFraiices    308,    405. 

F.  G.  460 
Fraiickliu  380 


Inde^  io  Namef, 


Frtnkiab,  D.  647 
Fraiiklaiid865 
Franks,  •!.  J.  541 

Fraier,A«189 
Free  168 

Freelaud,  W.  C.  76 
Freeman,  J.  S.  186 
Freemiintley  Sir  T. 

F.  170 
Freeth,  J.  E.75 
f  rome,  R.  S7:i.    T. 

884 
Froud,  E.  459 
Frost,  R.  93 
Fro  Mr  d,  E.  651 
Fry  580 
Farnt'8s,E.833 

Fyis491 
F>vie,  C.  266 
Gage  536.    J.  358« 

547 
Gaisford,  T.  888 

GaUay,  Vis.  171 
Gallwey,Capt,J.865 
Gaifbier.  S.  .1.368 
GArbeir,  T.  332 
Gardner,  E.  459 
Garnett,  S.  A.  650 
Garratty  A.  H.  93 
Garret  31 
Garrett,  E.  189 
Garrick  8,  188 
Garib,  S  r  S.  386 
Garvey,  Mrs.  477 
Gaselee  360 
Ga«coyne,  Gen.  455. 

Cape.  H.  170 
Geary,  U.4;5 
Geldart,  M.J. 477 
Gt-orj^e,  H.  S.  190 
Gerard  444.  W.  6A6, 

647 
Ge8lip>  M.  F.  467 
Gibbes,  M.  381 
Gibbon,  P.  8b'6 
Gibbs  450.    T.  351 
Gibson  554.  R.  170. 

R.  C.477 
GiVard,  M.  554*  S. 

L.  554 
Giffurd,  Lord  658  ' 
Gilbert  378,459.  D. 

68,  853, 333, 449i 

506,544,631 
Gill,  Capf.  885 
Gilpio,  \V.  641 
Ginger,  W.  881 
Gipps,  H.  76 
Gsborne,  C  189 
Glasse,  J.  570 
eUsspooleyF.B.368 
Gleig  885 
Gieniiie..  Dr.  147 
Glover,  B.  570.  J  H. 

66.    T.  189.     W. 

513 


Glyn,  C.  459    ♦'      ' 

QlyuuB,  Sir  3.  449 
Godby,M.  A  477 
Goddard,  C.  169 
Godfrey,  Maj.  189 
Goia,  F.578 
Guld»mid  450,     L. 

856 
Gooch,  C.T.280 
Good,  J.  477.  T.  & 

548 
G  jodman,  M.H.460 
Goodwin  351 
Goold,  C.  S.  363 
Gordon,  J.  77«  J*  A. 

38,  167,459.    R. 

381.    T.  351 

Lord  G.  474 

Duke  361 

Gorhaiu333 

Gore,  P.  76.   T.  475 

Goring  98.    C.361, 

F.301 
Gosi,  M.  A.  190 
Gosselin  388 
GoBset,\V.M.  641 
Gough  40 1 
Goulburn,  H.  865^ 

361 
Gould,  J,  546 
Gowdie,  J.  553 
Gower,  A.A.  167 
— ^  Ld.  F.  L.  455. 

Enrl  263 

Grabuni,J.  98 
Grady,  M.7B 
Graham,  A.  558.  Sir 

J.  450,455 
Grant  3C0.    Sir  A. 

860.  C.  166.  C:ul. 

L.  651.     P.  368i 

R.  358, 455 
Grantbia,  Lady 90 

■  ■     '« Marq.  265 
Granville    361.     F. 

90 
Graves,  A. M.S.  475 
Gray,  F.W.  460.  H. 

474.  W.  363 
Grayson,  T.  57 1 
Qrtfiu,  U.  572 
Greene  165.  R.  283. 

VV. H.  361 
Greeoough  450 
Grtensill  476 
Greenstreet  553 
Greentree,  CoL  T. 

379 
Qreenwood  362 
Gregory,  D.  571 
Grenwlle  586.    Sir 

R.  490. Sir  T.  118 
Gresley,  M.  S.  280 
Greswf  11,  a.  545 
Grey,  H,C.A.866.  T. 

475.  Lady  L.  8d2 


Grifr.C.*S:9 
Grinltb,  IX.5U7'    /. 

5G9.    R.  C.  S65 
Grimet,  kl«  460.  T* 

391 
Griwaall  3G0 
Grisdale,  E.  99 
Orosyenor  350 
Grove,  S.  M.  97 <| 
Grundv,  H.  9^ 
Grylls'338 
Guest,  J.  J.  &45 
Gully,  S.S.  86a 
Gumblaton,  J.  B.  76 
Gumm,  Sir  W.  M, 

170 
Gunnings  Capt.  0« 

641 
Gordon,  J.  36 1 
GurneyU.  163,256^ 

353,  449,  54tk 
Gutch  168 
Gu  I  brie,  A.  M,  S4% 

T.  169 
GwilUai,  T.  189 
Qm\\\  403.    J.  54a 
Habbarde,J.D.  384 
Hackman  613 
Haden,  A.B.  l69 
Haggtrt  531 
Hague,  E.  M.  884  - 
HaightoQ  881 
Hai!y,  \V.  189 
Uairlaud^J.  650 
Uakewell  589.     H. 

882 
Hale,    Sir  M.  109. 

11.  A.  478.    W. 

167 
Halford,  Sir  H.  79, 

864.    &477 
Hall,  Bp.S9.A.37» 

a  544.   c.  i;ql 

J.  C.  361 
Hallam  66,  389,449. 

H  358,546 
Halsted  92 
Hamlyn,  C.  P.  79 
UaniiUoa  449.     C. 

189.     J.  83,  461, 

476,  641.  W.  168. 

Dr.  W.  450.    W. 

II.  573.     W.  R. 

3.%8,449.    SirW. 

65 
HammertoD,  A.  ^66 
Hammett  80 
Haromick,  S.650 
Uamniond,  A.  650. 

Capt.  F.  865       ; 
Hampden  8 
H.iroper  1^,358.  W. 

856 
Hanbury430.R.170 

Hancock  253.    Dr. 
J.  450 


Hkridlttt  A.'&TS    '  HeKUftf,  L.  B.  8fi8  HoIam,  i.  Stg.  Ki  Hiit«ktM«i,  J,  1«, 

Himkcy.A.  R.  IIT  H<iiI«t.C.S61,S48,  G.  &GB                         V.  »a 

Hinn»r,W.I67            R.649  Holnle  «6I  Kyi]f,J.Saeo 

HauMii  I&9  Hciininc  asl  HubUin,  Ceo.  49       Ilberl,  W.  a63 

Hxrboniucb,  E*rl  Ktnry  VIII.  4B9  ln|[clu>.  W.  883 

in  HtnMry.  L.  468  94              Inidta,  It  31>l.     C 

Hmrdinjt.  9. 14  Hintluo*  SM  Hon*  40a                        sat.    Sir  W,  669 

Hinllncr,     Sir    H.  H«n>aod,J.W.3W.  Huokv,  C.  S66            Inran.Di-.lCS- T. 

8&e,  U9                      L.  379  Hoakfj.  F.  B.  368         ill 

Hitnlaick  589.    R.  H<p-ur(b,T.  A.  84  Hufx.  H.36I              ln»«l  S<9 

5T4  H*r>p>ili.    J.    M9.  Hu|.kini.H.369.  M.  Irby.  KA.  88.    W. 

Hinlj.M.  5TI                W.  457  478.    W.  L.  167.        H.  373 

Hinisi  H>rb>rtST3.    J.  C.  Hopkinioii.  C.  415     IrtUiid,  F.  183.    U. 

Harford,  G.  J.  833          651  >lup|>rr,  T.  Ml  189 

H.irriTi|toii,    S.  W.  Hcrmin  S9?.  Coaot  H<>ppur,T.6MI          I  rem  on  |cr  576 

170                                  641  Huriibf ,  J.  J.  6iO        Irttnr,  A.  361.     A. 

Ilinii  415.    J.   B.  H^ron  P.  364.    Sir  Hornc,  Or.  478.    E.       R.  169 

ITIi.  W.SaO.ST!.        K.     560,351,450  641  Irrinf  969,339 

W.  S.  544  IlrrHtk,  K.  166.   S.  Horner,  H.  H.  460     lr>lri,  C.  194 

Lor<14.^9                  IB9  llerlon,   A.    A.    W.    Uimmd  168 

HirriHn,C.190.  i.  Hrrrlel  358.      J.  C.  641.    W.338,9G1    Iv;,  M.  94 

1t>a.    T.  94                 169  Hutking,    W.    353,  Jickua.  E.  653.  ^ 

}liinF7,E.  170,386,  Hnketh,     P.    167.  346                              169 

4lj3.     srr  E.  965.       36 1  Htiklngi,  W.  6a        JilUnd,  J.  6S4 

Lml*  L.  489.  Dr.  llnilFden,  T.  884  HoUiyUt,  S.  364          J                                C. 

W.  364  Hewitt  478  Haulithan,  H.  985 

Hawll  11  Hei>letl989  H                                                     ^        460 

H»ler,R.460  Nibbert,  R.  <)l  Hounon.Co).  R.  169 

Huiell,  A.C,411  Houiiuii  ISO  Jarrii,  Col.  641 

Haired  31  Hick*,  A.M.S83  Ho«ird,    Hi»,  7S.   Jee,  T.  186 

llMcb  30  Hitt'o'*  10.   G.  1 13.  A.  369.     Lulj  A.  JelTcutt,  W.  160 

Haoei  361.      B.  F.        C.  161  460.     Sli  C.  493.  Jeffery,  M.  189 

190  Highnore,  Dr.43l  E.  477.     F.  447.  Jck;)!.  J.  3T9 

Uinkini    188,  400.  Hijornur,  H.  311  F.A.90.     H.445.  Jelf,  R.  W.  169 

C.  A.  5TI.K.546,  HildyanI,  J.  545  J.  S.  S74.     M.  B.   Jepklni    >S3.       H. 

555.    J.  H.  S44  Hill  574.    J.  93.    J.  187.                             361.    R.  98 

H>»k>388                      H.  460.      L.  M.  Ha»ick,  Lord  166     Jenklnun  650.    J. 

1la»Drlh651                   ITO.  LidyH.573.  S.  866 

Hay  963.  Maj.Gen.      R-  F.  553  Jenn*;,  S.  4]T 

'Ji.    E.  439.     H.  Hilli,  P.  379  Jennlnp  478 

■266.    T.  570.  W.  Hillon  389  JrphMTi  455 

883  Hii>cke>,J.64B  )          J«ainchan)80,46fl. 

Haycock,  J.  93.    J.  Hiiide86C  Huiil>t(,Dr.l8l.  W.       E.8.«4i 

H.380  Hin(on378.  W.W.  90,985                    Jrnrulie,  G.  P.  I6r. 

H*ydan34e                       I8B  Hull,  T.  198  5.  C.  360 

Hiyei,  J.  90  Hitlop.  Sir  T.  7 1  Hul>*  491                    Jucelyn,  M.  183 

Haimaii,  S.  189  H<(e,  Vii.  457  Hum*  166,358,96^  Juhnaon 37,474.  Dr. 

HaynM.T.  189  Hpare,  H.  66.     H.  358,859,453,154.       18,895,386,     B. 

Haytbome  105              99.  Sir  R.  C.  546,  C  J.  459  313.    E    tt.  554. 

H*y<»rd,K4;8             583  Humfrey.  A.  650  R.T5.  S.9I.   W. 

Hemlb  S«4  Holibouie  958,  453.  Huvfrie*,  T.  569           A.  16;.    W.G.  93 

Headfuri,    Harquii       4S5  HuDRBrtord  975         JolinttoD,  Capt.  W. 

98  Hoddins.  C.B.  96  Hunt   B.    183.      J.       75 

HeirwT,  A.5S4  H.  984.    R.  167.  47(; 

Healh,  J.9I,  169  Hudgton,  H.  460  W.    Y.    C.    169,       A.  E.  368;   B.S66 

Hraihcoie,  Arcbd.  Hollond,E653  S69                          JulliS^,  SirW.&H. 

98  HulfurJ,  C.  365.    J.  Hunter  7, 378.    Dr.       167.    B.6TI 

H<-a*i<id(  159                 M.90  191.    D.  W.  311.  JunM86I.UV.  &M». 

Hel.cr594  Holland,  M.  E.  lar,  J.  393                          641.    B.  S8a    D. 

HeiKbain.H.45g           Sir  N.  98-     Lviy  HuntinRton,  a  187        190.  £.  188, 188. 

Heiiierl                        98                            Earl  990  J.  186, 6»a    J.P. 

Hrlpi,W.459  Lordie6,9GI,  Hurliiooe  444                361.     If.  J.  401, 

Hrminc  I6T                   354  Huikin<iD  163,359,       H.  P.  «4I.    R.  H. 

Hrndtnon,  A,   66,  llultoDi',  C.    361,  S63                               189-     T.  H.  IffT. 

J53.    C.J.  S83          365  Hsucy,J.  361  W.  )03,.  167,  SM 


670 

Jowe(t,H.  647,^48 
Joyce,  E.  5J0 
Judge  64 
JdIius,  a.  C.  170 
Kain,J.883 
Kater,  Capt  544 
Kay,  W.459 
KeaM»  Col.  £.  5&3 
Kearne,  T.  93 
Kedin|^ton»  R.  66S 
Keigwin,  J.  383 
KelUm,  A.  M.  47 1 
Kello  98 
Kemble,  Miss  F.  75. 

H.460 
Kempe,  A.  J.  359 
Kemplay  285 
Ken,  Bp.  345 
Kendall,  £.  170 
Kendeilon,  M8J.475 
Kennaway,  C.C.  554 
Kennedy   557*      A. 

569.     B.  H.  459. 

C.  R.  545 
Kennicott  S88 
Kenyon98.  J. P.M. 

93.    P.  381 
Keppel,  F«  380.  Gen. 

Sir  W.  553 
Kerr,  £.  A.  170.  N. 

569 
Kidd  S92.    C.  573. 

W.543 
Kildtre,  Earl,  386 
Killeen,  Lord  865 
King  91,  169»  362. 

E.B.167.  J.  383, 

447 

Lord  357 

Kingseote,  Lady  T. 

365 
Kingsleyi  Capt.   £. 

641  , 

KingitoB,  Lord  183 
Kington^T.  641 
Kinnaird  465 
Kirby  55 
Kirk,  H.  170 
Kirkman  594.  C.363 
Kiikwall,  Vise.  459 
Knapp  63 
Knatclibull,  Sir  £. 

165,258,456 
KntgbtS85,390,556, 

J.  643.     W.  256, 

449 
Knill,E.  381 
Knott  483 
Knunrles,  A.  M.  379 
Knox,  V.  189 
Kuhlmann,  H.  571 
Lacer,  R.  308 
Laifig  139.    J.  641 
Laiiisun  573 
Lake,  Dp.  98.     W. 

187 


index  to  Nakiel, 


Lake,  Vise.  555 
Lamb,  G.  465 
Lambe  93 

Lambert,  Sir  H.  366 
Larobrccbt  359 
Lancasbire  190 
Lancaster,  S.  389 
Lance,  J.  B.  469 
Landaff,  Bp.  364 
Lander,  R.  63 
Landseer  349 
Lane  444«    A.  553, 

554.  H.  446,  554. 

N.  361 
Lanesbrungb,  Lady, 

394 
Langford  98.    Misi 

641 
Lang  ton  393.  S.  460 
Lansdowiie,    Marq. 

358,  360,  450 
Lardner,  Dr.  458 
Latouebe,   P.    474. 

D.  475 
Latrobe,  C.  I.  641 
Laurence,  R.  J.  553. 

R.  F.  554 
Lavalette  383 
Lavardin  9 
Lavieount,  A.  91 
Lavington,  F.  477 
Law,  A.  D.  189.    P* 

C.  361.    W.  585 
Lawrence  7.    Capt. 

H.460.  Sir T. 385, 

444.     W.  93 
Leake  431,  533 
Lean  A.  475 
Lear,  Sir  J.  483 
Learmouth,  M.  460. 

W.460 
Lechmere,  Mrs.  188 
Lee,  J.  113,341. 

T.  E.  456 
Leek,  C.  477 
Leg?^  H.  460 
Legb,  L.  460 
Le  Grice  573 
L«igb349,640.  Lady 

3K1 
Leigbton»  F.  558 
Leinster,  Duch.381 

Duke  386 

Lendon  91 
Lennox,  Lady  J.557. 

Lady  M.  78 
— —  Lord  G.  553 
Lentbal,  P.  E.  93 
Lenthall,  W.  G.  90 
Leopold,    Pr.    455, 

457,  548 
Leslie,  Col.  361.  M. 

379.     T.  363 
Leson,  Lady  C.  475 
Lctbbridge»  Sir  T. 


Lcwili,  R  B.  91    " 
Lewis,  T.  354.     J. 

554.    T.F«  169 
Lewknor  411 
Liddell,  D.  574 
Lindsay,  M.  863 
Lingard,  Dr.  346 
Linklater,  T.  574 
Linnell  444 
LUt«r,  W.381 
Litchfield,  F.  553 
Littlejobn  390 
Livesey,  J.  E.  363 
Livingston,    Mi^r 

76 
Lloyd,  A.  90,  190. 

D.   37.     £.   653. 

T.  169,  381.    W. 

113,188,364.  W. 

H. 194,  307 
Lock,  J.  361 
Locker,  E.  H.  356 
Loekbart  438.  E. 

283.  J.  1.76 
Lodge  337 
Loe,  W.  390 
Logan,I)r.478.  Maj. 

J. 75.  J.  395,480, 

483 
Lonax,  G.  M.  266 
Londonderry,  Mar* 

cbionesf  368 
-^-^  Marq.863i453; 

548 
Long,  Sir  J.  T.  499. 

Lady  C.  83 
Longford  98 
Longmati,  J.  188 
Longmore,  E«  188 
Lonsdale  444, 446 
Lougbborougb,  Ly 

459 
Lowden,  8. 380 
LAwe,  J.  93 
Lowten,  T.  578 
Lowtb,  Bp.  99 
Lowtber,  G.  P.  459. 

Col.  H.   C.  558. 

P.  649 
Luard,  P.  J.  578 
Lubbock,  J.W.  449^ 

544.  S.  W.  853 
Lucas,  Capt.  188 
Ludlow,  B.  G.  368. 

'W.93 
Luke,  F.V.76.   W. 

283 
Lukin  366 
LuiDb,  W.E.  641 
Lumley,  B.  76 
Lunsdaiite,  VV.  651 
Lusford,  C.  F.  478 

Lu6hington,Dr.359> 

358 
Luttrell,  Kf.  300 
LuxforU  98 


Ly(lll,'J.47»»  J.W. 

449.  M.  188 
LyfloiM  605 
Maberley  I669  868» 

.868,  456 
Macartney,  G.H.I70 
Macatalejr  358.  TJH 

169 
Macdonald,Col.544. 

.£.lf.374.J.lor» 

303,    516,     685. 

Sir. J.  165.   Capt 

J.  383.  M.  G.  368 
McDonald,  J.  160 
Macdonnel  364 
Macfarlane,  D.966 
M*GIII71 
MKSuire,  W.  569 
MMnnes,  Col.  365 
Maciatosb|SirJ.358 
Mackenzie,  587.  J. 

383.    W.  F.  863 
Mackintosh,  €.658; 

Sir  J.  548,  550 
Mae  Lean  893 
M<Naghten  361 
Mactaggert  385^439 
Madden  388, 6S9<Fk 

311,858 
Magratb,  H.  F.  170 
Mabon,  Viae.  856 
Main  waring  91 
Maitland,   J.  573. 

Sir  P.  865 
Malcolm,  Sir  C.641. 

Ma).  J.  885 
Malkin,  F.  578 
Mallet,  C.  7a  M.9t 
Makneiburyy  Earl . 

861,357 
Maltby,  R.673 
MaltboB  334 
Mangles,  R.  D.  866 
Manlererer,  W.553 
Mann,  Oen.  G.  477 
Mannen,  H.  648 
Mantel,  M.  76 
ManteTeren,W.558 
Marcet,  S.  460 
Marett,  P.  8. 9S 
Markland  19.  J-  U- 

18,568 
Marlay,    G.    571. 

Mti.  H.  187 
Marloe,  C  594 
Marsden  168 
Marsb,  S.  460 
Marshall,43aJ.189. 

L.641 
Martkan65lA.641 

Marson,T.  W.  571 
Martin  574.  A.  573. 

Sir  M..&70.  Sir  T. 

T.B.365.W.841 
Mason  ^CpL  188.  C. 

361.  H.  W.  76 


/«IcK  iff  Namti.  c;| 

Neiinbvf,    M.    S.  Oldbaa,  IC.  A.  SCI 

t7ft  OUpbkBi,  M.  S41 

ManlMw  IfiS             Na«ill,0.  4S8  0Unr,A.16l.    A. 

Uwir,C.  76                N»ban,  J.474  J.    II-I.SBS.    a 

Uuara    I4«,    UO,    NaitcM(k,Duch.7B  S04,30a  W.  3H 

40.0  laS.UiiT  Ncwrans.  U.  JI6fi.  0»blcr,  J.  4TB 

C.       R.78  167 
Niadifkie,   Sit   K. 
64t 
__     ITOi  C  N.wiDin,J.M&.R. 
S.449.  E.4&9-                       Sf 

.      .-              ,.   N.      H.H.459.W.3afi  Ura»,E.lsa 

>BG                          UurlMid,  H. 466            S<rJ.3C0,4U  OnMmil,  Ca>t.   H. 

H>7Dc.S.M4            Mork.Ctpi.J.  966    Nekton  445.    ILL.  8.169 

M«yi.J.  47T              M«rlcT,M.90                167  Oroiond»,C(m6il 

Hcdlreoll,    W.    C.                             35B    NiUuek.  J.  8B3  0»Und,  H.  lU 

Sefi  0*««1I,  T.  IK 

19       MMt»,  417.  F.3Gi.  N  Oitlcy,  W.  V.  8M. 

J.36i.    J.C.T6.       37S,400,474,»W.  V.  a*i 

SSB        L.U4                          W.  368.    W.  H.  Otway.T.  tBT 

MorriMit,  Dt.    ISU       ST3  OiurUr,  Sir  W.  6S8 

J-  *W                      NitlioH«B,J.W.5S3  Ourrj,  P.  JL  573 

lUlvill,  IL  D.  460      Mi>rriu474                Micklv,  Col.  R.  SU  Q«<u  186.    A.AM. 

UenilM  903               Monv.J.N.  981        Nieal.  W.  &46  P.   980.     J.   s4. 

U«Kctl83                                                    Nicol«40I.M.10:.  SlrJ.Sei.  WJJO 

M«ti<aU,H.S4&.J.                                          N.H.6U  0«*Im.H.»M.  W. 

H>aS9                                                         NbHl,F.  E.841  3W 

HtiacUia                                               Niioii,1.98,    J.H.  Chaw,  C46> 

»l.,rkk,I),.9^l,                                          447*  I-JkrA-A-SM.  R. 

*"■    fi-"">                               .   H.  Ni«.l,F.9e4.    C.T.  167 

IM.sei                    U4  Pac«,A.M 

lf<KiB>bM-,B.STl      Nalw,  Dt.  698.   P.  Pa«t,LMl«,li.8a 

MouDi,  C.  S75               639  PaiM  189 

r.         ....                 «ni-iWMW,   LoH                            IB  PalaahcMSSG 

Mi.f.,  R.  H.  t;0            443, 454  P.l»„,  E.  90.     F. 

HwviUc.  J.  U  554.  Hoi>rt47tl  861.    J,4I0.  «r 

M.  A  &S4                Mundj,  F.  78  R.  966.    W.  MS 
Milci,  L.C.  ISB         Munnln|,A.    J7           M4 


iii 


illciwcr,  J.  GSB       Hunro  839  N«nh»h,  Lord  4U       959.  !61,  430 

iller.Mlu  970.  G.  Hnrcb,  H.  V.  866.  PutM,  J   IBi 


5»4.    G.  O.  553.      i.  91  960,673  Puitb  170 

J.  S.  379  Hvrpiir  66.  J.  169     NortoR.  W.  A.  969     Park,  M.  64 

Millm,  C.  J.    167.  Hurray  159,964.  A.  Parka    8.    H.  Mr 

T  ,.„  ,.,    ^    .^    ==.  M.B.477 

PwHar  18^76.  l«l^ 
,       183,  3B0.  C.  l«l. 
M.  A.  «4» 
Oiktltr,  Luir  170.  Parklni  93 

H,M»  Pamalt,  Sir  H.  3it 

Oakti,  i::.459  Pan,  De.  9»3,  471. 

OBri.D,    Capt,  T.       489 
)       38*  Parrttt,  G.  W.  »4 

O'Brjen,    Udjr    S.  Parry.  CaM-Sitft. 
Mi  641 

-  O.  hctitar,  J.  SS3       Parrr^  W.  H.  1B7 

iVCAnncIl  1GS,B&9, 

451.4S4.4a;,M»,  Paniidga  444.     J^ 
MU  S49 

0.].\\e,  J.  Sit.    H.  Pula>,  CaL36l 

3'i8  Paiicpiei.    E.9i. 

(MFy.  A.  465.    C.       M.  A.  W 

983  Palcrv%    A. '  «», 

-     ■       „,     0/ilne,B.C3ei  S.  M.Stft 

Umtfomrj,  H.  A.  N.pc.n.  M.  H.  iH    0(lo,  A.  I69.    Mn.  PaHj,  S.«4C 
360,36s.   H.  E.  N«i,J.U.36i  47»  Patten, CaH.  ITS 

866  NcttcrriU<r64S  0-«ra>^,$.ia»3S|  PaatM,  I^fd«.M9 


T.  671 

187.  C.  76,  366. 

Mmi.A.  H.4G0 

C.  H.  16a  J.  679: 

Milnar  681 

Sir   G.  959,  966, 

Uillon,Ld4Se,45B 

Hiiebtl.  M.  91 

M>iFbell,S.l&.476 

Milbrd  91 

Myddlcton.WJ>JBO 

Hucc'  ^-  573 

Myara.  F.  90 

Mok,  lit.  363 

M»iiua944.T.383 

M.36I 

» 

^SS 

Napitr.E  3^4        < 

M*nk,Uiu4G0.H. 

Narc*.  E.  R.  664 

363 

Na»h40l.f.S9 

M«.n><>i>ih.   Duke 

Nail.  i.  169 

614 

NM*e.  F.  SI 

Mdiiim,  W.  J.  ;66 

NackT  469 

HunUfu,  Ud>  L. 

Nnid,  J.  S65 

168 

N«id,R.  ijo 

N«lia>,J.  4:9